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EX-31.1 - Ocata Therapeutics, Inc.v221016_ex31-1.htm
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON D.C. 20549
 

 
FORM 10-Q
 

 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2011

OR

o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM    TO   .
 
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 0-50295
 

 
ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
 
DELAWARE
87-0656515
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF
(I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.)
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION)
 
 
33 LOCKE DRIVE, MARLBOROUGH, MASSACHUSETTS 01752
(ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
 
REGISTRANT’S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (508) 756-1212
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes x No ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes ¨ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer ¨
Accelerated filer  x
Non-accelerated filer ¨
Smaller reporting company  ¨
 
 
(Do not check if a smaller
reporting company)
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
 
Class:
 
Outstanding at April 29, 2011:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
 
1,543,112,438 shares
 
 
 

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

INDEX
 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
 
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
3
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
22
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
26
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
26
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
 
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
26
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
 
26
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
26
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
 
27
ITEM 4. [REMOVED AND RESERVED]
 
27
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
 
27
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
 
27
SIGNATURE
 
28

 
2

 

Part I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF MARCH 31, 2011 AND DECEMBER 31, 2010

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(unaudited)
       
ASSETS
           
             
CURRENT ASSETS:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 13,749,973     $ 15,889,409  
Deferred royalty fees, current portion
    91,598       91,598  
Prepaid expenses
    36,999       -  
Total current assets
    13,878,570       15,981,007  
                 
Property and equipment, net
    182,889       185,102  
Deferred royalty fees, less current portion
    272,189       295,089  
Deposits
    14,766       14,766  
Deferred issuance costs
    1,983,541       2,578,188  
                 
TOTAL ASSETS
  $  16,331,955     $  19,054,152  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
               
                 
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 1,958,550     $ 1,982,743  
Accrued expenses
    2,906,515       4,971,304  
Accrued settlement
    -       3,205,856  
Deferred revenue, current portion
    408,415       506,418  
2009 Convertible promissory notes, current portion, net of discounts of $0 and $19,229, respectively
    -       132,680  
Embedded conversion option liabilities, current portion
    -       537,249  
Deferred joint venture obligations, current portion
    3,605       6,870  
Total current liabilities
    5,277,085       11,343,120  
                 
Convertible promissory notes, less current portion, net of discounts of $253,724 and $285,005, respectively
    34,061       2,780  
Embedded conversion option liabilities, less current portion
    628,242       482,686  
Warrant and option derivative liabilities
    19,108,579       27,307,218  
Deferred revenue, less current portion
    2,243,312       2,298,997  
Total liabilities
    27,291,279       41,434,801  
                 
Series A-1 redeemable preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized, and 113 shares issued and outstanding; aggregate liquidation value, net of discounts: $1,377,806 and $1,349,657, respectively
    1,308,993       1,272,441  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
                 
STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT:
               
Preferred stock, Series B; $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized, and 1,000 shares issued and outstanding
    1       1  
Preferred stock, Series C; $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized, and 400 shares issued and outstanding
    -       -  
Common stock, $0.001par value; 1,750,000,000 shares authorized, 1,508,731,348 and 1,439,826,362 shares issued and outstanding
    1,508,731       1,439,826  
Additional paid-in capital
    181,002,598       166,033,976  
Promissory notes receivable, net of discount of $3,071,575 and $3,322,630, respectively
    (10,428,425 )     (10,177,370 )
Accumulated deficit
    (184,351,222 )     (180,949,523 )
Total stockholders' deficit
    (12,268,317 )     (23,653,090 )
                 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
  $  16,331,955     $  19,054,152  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
3

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2011 AND 2010

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(unaudited)
   
(unaudited)
 
             
Revenue (License fees and royalties)
  $ 153,688     $ 205,158  
Cost of Revenue
    22,900       66,650  
Gross profit
    130,788       138,508  
                 
Operating expenses:
               
Research and development
    1,474,773       3,895,581  
General and administrative expenses
    3,197,526       11,218,243  
Loss on settlement of litigation
    294,144       -  
Total operating expenses
    4,966,443       15,113,824  
Loss from operations
    (4,835,655 )     (14,975,316 )
                 
Non-operating income (expense):
               
Interest income
    11,784       3,043  
Interest expense and late fees
    (681,710 )     (3,352,774 )
Finance cost
    (2,625,875 )     (1,109,290 )
Adjustments to fair value of derivatives
    4,789,419       1,584,704  
Total non-operating income (expense)
    1,493,618       (2,874,317 )
                 
Loss before income tax
    (3,342,037 )     (17,849,633 )
                 
Income tax
    -       -  
                 
Net loss
  $  (3,342,037 )   $  (17,849,633 )
                 
Weighted average shares outstanding :
               
Basic and diluted
    1,478,231,834       700,573,791  
                 
Loss per share:
               
Basic and diluted
  $ (0.00 )   $ (0.03 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
4

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2011

                                        
Additional
   
Promissory
         
Total
 
   
Series B Preferred Stock
   
Series C Preferred Stock
   
Common Stock
   
Paid-in
   
Notes
   
Accumulated
   
Stockholders'
 
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Capital
   
Receivable, net
   
Deficit
   
Deficit
 
                                                             
Balance December 31, 2010
    1,000     $ 1       400     $ -       1,439,826,362     $ 1,439,826     $ 166,033,976     $ (10,177,370 )   $ (180,949,523 )   $ (23,653,090 )
                                                                                 
Convertible debenture redemptions
    -       -       -       -       1,519,077       1,519       150,390       -       -       151,909  
                                                                                 
Shares issued for compensation
    -       -       -       -       17,421,101       17,421       1,275,478       -       -       1,292,899  
                                                                                 
Common stock issued for settlements
    -       -       -       -       7,413,000       7,413       3,492,587       -       -       3,500,000  
                                                                                 
Common stock issued for finance costs
    -       -       -       -       23,222,786       23,223       4,230,777       -       -       4,254,000  
                                                                                 
Warrant exercises
    -       -       -       -       16,656,572       16,657       4,573,051       -       -       4,589,708  
                                                                                 
Option exercises
    -       -       -       -       636,126       636       159,525       -       -       160,161  
                                                                                 
Shares issued for board compensation
    -       -       -       -       406,324       406       72,732       -       -       73,138  
                                                                                 
Shares issued for services
    -       -       -       -       1,630,000       1,630       340,670       -       -       342,300  
                                                                                 
Accrued dividends on Series B Preferred Stock
    -       -       -       -       -       -       251,539       -       (251,539 )     -  
                                                                                 
Accrued dividends on Series C Preferred Stock
    -       -       -       -       -       -       59,178       -       (59,178 )     -  
                                                                                 
Accretion of note receivable discount
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       (251,055 )     251,055       -  
                                                                                 
Option compensation charges
    -       -       -       -       -       -       362,695       -       -       362,695  
                                                                                 
Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2011
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       (3,342,037 )     (3,342,037 )
                                                                                 
Balance March 31, 20100 (unaudited)
    1,000     $ 1       400     $ -       1,508,731,348     $ 1,508,731     $ 181,002,598     $ (10,428,425 )   $ (184,351,222 )   $  (12,268,317 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 
5

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2011 AND 2010

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(unaudited)
   
(unaudited)
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
Net loss
  $ (3,342,037 )   $ (17,849,633 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash  used in operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    21,285       45,580  
Amortization of deferred royalties
    22,900       22,900  
Amortization of deferred revenue
    (153,688 )     (205,158 )
Redeemable preferred stock dividend accrual
    28,149       9,887  
Stock based compensation
    362,695       199,392  
Amortization of deferred issuance costs
    594,647       213,464  
Amortization of discounts
    58,913       3,129,424  
Adjustments to fair value of derivatives
    (4,789,419 )     (1,584,704 )
Shares of common stock issued for services
    590,438       3,515,562  
Non-cash financing costs
    2,625,875       1,109,290  
Loss on settlement of litigation
    294,144       -  
Amortization of deferred joint venture obligations
    (3,265 )     (33,798 )
Warrants issued for consulting services
    664,944       50,232  
(Increase) / decrease in assets:
               
Prepaid expenses
    (36,999 )     9,054  
Increase / (decrease) in current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (317,082 )     8,438,438  
                 
Net cash used in operating activities
    (3,378,500 )     (2,930,070 )
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
               
Purchases of property and equipment
    (19,072 )     (77,352 )
Payment of lease deposits
    -       (12,596 )
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (19,072 )     (89,948 )
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Proceeds from exercise of warrants
    1,258,136       3,700  
Proceeds from issuance of convertible debentures
    -       1,685,000  
Proceeds from convertible promissory notes
    -       1,650,000  
Proceeds from issuance of Series A-1 convertible preferred stock, net
    -       830,165  
Proceeds from issuance of Series B preferred stock,  net
    -       1,490,000  
                 
Net cash provided by financing activities
    1,258,136       5,658,865  
                 
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
    (2,139,436 )     2,638,847  
                 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING BALANCE
    15,889,409       2,538,838  
                 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, ENDING BALANCE
  $ 13,749,973     $ 5,177,685  
                 
CASH PAID FOR:
               
Interest
  $ -     $ -  
Income taxes
  $ -     $ 6,185  
                 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Issuance of 1,519,077 and 23,950,070 shares of common stock in redemption of debt
  $ 151,909     $ 2,152,362  
Issuance of 0 and 41,183,861 shares of common stock in conversion of debt and preferred stock
  $ -     $ 3,551,832  
Issuance of note receivable on exercise of warrants for 0 and 25,839,112 shares of common stock
  $ -     $ 2,700,000  
Issuance of 406,324 and 16,773,597 shares of common stock in payment of board fees
  $ 73,138     $ 1,560,213  
Issuance of 15,643,887 and 0 shares of common stock for accrued liabilities
  $ 1,771,899     $ -  
Issuance of 7,413,000 and 0 shares of common stock for accrued settlement
  $ 3,205,856     $ -  
Issuance of 0 and 250,000 shares of common stock in payment of financing costs
  $ -     $ 22,500  
Series B preferred stock dividend
  $ 251,539     $ 12,739  
Series C preferred stock dividend
  $ 59,178     $ -  
Interest accreted on promissory notes receivable
  $ 251,055     $ 12,715  
Issuance of 3,252,066 and 25,867,112 shares of common stock for cashless exercise of warrants
  $ 1,156,861     $ 2,703,699  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
6

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

1.
ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS
 
Organization and Nature of Business
 
Advanced Cell Technology, Inc. (the “Company”) is a biotechnology company, incorporated in the state of Delaware, focused on developing and commercializing human embryonic and adult stem cell technology in the emerging fields of regenerative medicine. Principal activities to date have included obtaining financing, securing operating facilities, and conducting research and development. The Company has no therapeutic products currently available for sale and does not expect to have any therapeutic products commercially available for sale for a period of years, if at all. These factors indicate that the Company’s ability to continue its research and development activities is dependent upon the ability of management to obtain additional financing as required.

2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Basis of Presentation —The Company follows accounting standards set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). References to GAAP issued by the FASB in these footnotes are to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification,™ sometimes referred to as the Codification or ASC.
 
Principles of Consolidation — The accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary Mytogen, Inc. (“Mytogen”) are included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. All intercompany balances and transactions were eliminated in consolidation.

Segment Reporting —ASC 280, “Segment Reporting” requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company’s management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. The Company determined it has one operating segment. Disaggregation of the Company’s operating results is impracticable, because the Company’s research and development activities and its assets overlap, and management reviews its business as a single operating segment. Thus, discrete financial information is not available by more than one operating segment.
 
Use of Estimates — These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and, accordingly, require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Specifically, the Company’s management has estimated variables used to calculate the Black-Scholes option pricing model used to value derivative instruments as discussed below under “Fair Value Measurements”. In addition, management has estimated the expected economic life and value of the Company’s licensed technology, the Company’s deferred tax asset and valuation allowance, share-based payments for compensation to employees, directors, consultants, lenders and investment banks, and the useful lives of the Company’s fixed assets and its accounts receivable allowance. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Reclassifications — Certain prior year financial statement balances have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents — Cash equivalents are comprised of certain highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses related to this concentration of risk. As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company had deposits in excess of federally-insured limits totaling $13,317,071 and $15,399,150, respectively.
 
Property and Equipment — The Company records its property and equipment at historical cost. The Company expenses maintenance and repairs as incurred. Upon disposition of property and equipment, the gross cost and accumulated depreciation are written off and the difference between the proceeds and the net book value is recorded as a gain or loss on sale of assets. In the case of certain assets acquired under capital leases, the assets are recorded net of imputed interest, based upon the net present value of future payments. Assets under capital lease are pledged as collateral for the related lease.

 
7

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

The Company provides for depreciation over the assets’ estimated useful lives as follows:

Machinery & equipment
4 years
Computer equipment
3 years
Office furniture
4 years
Leasehold improvements
Lesser of lease life or economic life
Capital leases
Lesser of lease life or economic life

Equity Method Investment — The Company follows ASC 323 “Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures” in accounting for its investment in the joint venture. In the event the Company’s share of the joint venture’s net losses reduces the Company’s investment to zero, the Company will discontinue applying the equity method and will not provide for additional losses unless the Company has guaranteed obligations of the joint venture or is otherwise committed to provide further financial support for the joint venture. If the joint venture subsequently reports net income, the Company will resume applying the equity method only after its share of that net income equals the share of net losses not recognized during the period the equity method was suspended.
 
Deferred Issuance Costs — Consists of the following:

 
(a)
Payments, either in cash or share-based, made in connection with the sale of debentures which are amortized using the effective interest method over the lives of the related debentures. These deferred issuance costs are charged to financing costs when and if the related debt instrument is retired or converted early.  The weighted average amortization period for deferred debt issuance costs is 48 months.
 
(b)
Payments made to secure commitments under certain financing arrangements. These amounts are recognized in financing costs ratably over the period of the financing arrangements, and are recognized in financing costs immediately if the arrangement is cancelled, forfeited or the utility of the arrangement to the company is otherwise compromised.
 
(c)
Payments made to financial institutions and consulting firms in order to provide financing related services.  These costs are being amortized over the terms of the related agreements.
 
Intangible and Long-Lived Assets— The Company follows ASC 360-10, “Property, Plant, and Equipment,” which established a “primary asset” approach to determine the cash flow estimation period for a group of assets and liabilities that represents the unit of accounting for a long-lived asset to be held and used. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Through March 31, 2011, the Company had not experienced impairment losses on its long-lived assets.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments — For certain financial instruments, including accounts payable, accrued expenses and convertible promissory notes, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.

Fair Value Measurements The Company applies the provisions of ASC 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.” ASC 820-10 defines fair value, and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement that enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for receivables and current liabilities each qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of their fair values because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:

 
·
Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

 
·
Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

 
·
Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

 
8

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity” and ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each period end, with any increase or decrease in the fair value being recorded in results of operations as adjustments to fair value of derivatives. The effects of interactions between embedded derivatives are calculated and accounted for in arriving at the overall fair value of the financial instruments. In addition, the fair values of freestanding derivative instruments such as warrant and option derivatives are valued using the Black-Scholes model.
 
The Company uses Level 2 inputs for its valuation methodology for the warrant derivative liabilities and embedded conversion option liabilities as their fair values were determined by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model based on various assumptions. The Company’s derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each period end, with any increase or decrease in the fair value being recorded in results of operations as adjustments to fair value of derivatives.

At March 31, 2011, the Company identified the following assets and liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheet at fair value:

         
Fair Value Measurements at
 
   
Fair Value
   
March 31, 2011
 
   
As of
   
Using Fair Value Hierarchy
 
Derivative Liabilities
 
March 31, 2011
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Warrant derivative liabilities
  $ 19,108,579     $ -       19,108,579       -  
Embedded conversion option liabilities
    628,242       -       628,242       -  
    $ 19,736,821     $ -       19,736,821       -  

For the three months ended 2011 and 2010 the Company recognized a gain of $4,789,419 and $1,584,704, respectively, for the changes in the valuation of derivative liabilities.

The Company did not identify any non-recurring assets and liabilities that were recorded at fair value during the periods presented.

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue The Company’s revenues are primarily generated from license and research agreements with collaborators. Licensing revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the life of the license or the estimated economic life of the patents related to the license.

License fee revenue begins to be recognized in the first full month following the effective date of the license agreement. Deferred revenue represents the portion of the license and other payments received that has not been earned. Costs associated with the license revenue are deferred and recognized over the same term as the revenue. Reimbursements of research expense pursuant to grants are recorded in the period during which collection of the reimbursement becomes assured, because the reimbursements are subject to approval.

In some cases, the company is entitled to receive royalty payments from licensees. In such cases, the company recognizes the royalties when they are earned and the collectability of those royalty payments is reasonably assured.
 
In connection with its license agreements, the Company recorded $153,688, and $205,158 in license fee revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, in its accompanying consolidated statements of operations, and the remainder of the license fees have been accrued in deferred revenue at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Research and Development Costs — Research and development costs consist of expenditures for the research and development of patents and technology, which cannot be capitalized. The Company’s research and development costs consist mainly of payroll and payroll related expenses, research supplies and research grants. Reimbursements of research expense pursuant to grants are recorded in the period during which collection of the reimbursement becomes assured, because the reimbursements are subject to approval. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Share-Based CompensationThe Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.”  ASC 718 requires companies to measure compensation cost for stock-based employee compensation at fair value at the grant date and recognize the expense over the employee’s requisite service period. The Company recognizes in the statement of operations the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees and non-employees. There were 51,333,618 options outstanding as of March 31, 2011.

 
9

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

Income Taxes — Deferred income taxes are provided using the liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of the changes in tax laws and rates of the date of enactment.
 
When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheets along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination.

Applicable interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits are classified as additional income taxes in the statements of operations.

Net Loss Per ShareEarnings per share is calculated in accordance with the ASC 260-10, “Earnings Per Share.” Basic earnings-per-share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings-per-share is based on the assumption that all dilutive convertible shares and stock options were converted or exercised. Dilution is computed by applying the treasury stock method. Under this method, options and warrants are assumed to be exercised at the beginning of the period (or at the time of issuance, if later), and as if funds obtained thereby were used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period. The Company accrues dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock and the Series C Preferred Stock at 10% and 6%, respectively. The dividends are accrued from the issuance date and compounded annually. As discussed in Note 8, the Company offsets the accrued dividends for the Series B Preferred Stock by the accretion of the note receivable discounts. The following table is the amount available to common stockholders for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Net loss
  $ (3,342,037 )   $ (17,849,633 )
Dividends for preferred stockholders
    (310,717 )     (12,739 )
Accretion of note receivable discount
    251,055       12,715  
Net loss available to common stockholders
  $ (3,401,699 )   $ (17,849,657 )
 
At March 31, 2011 and 2010 approximately 150,206,635 and 404,881,796 potentially dilutive shares, respectively, were excluded from the shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.
 
Concentrations and Other Risks — Currently, the Company’s revenues and accounts receivable are concentrated on a small number of customers. The following table shows the Company’s concentrations of its revenue for those customers comprising greater than 10% of total license revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010:

   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Exeter Life Sciences, Inc.
    20 %     15 %
START Licensing, Inc.
    16 %     12 %
International Stem Cell Corporation
    24 %     18 %
Transition Holdings, Inc.
    -       25 %
CHA Biotech and SCRMI
    21 %     16 %
Lifeline
    11 %     *  

*License revenue earned during the period was less than 10% of total license revenue.

Other risks include the uncertainty of the regulatory environment and the effect of future regulations on the Company’s business activities. As the Company is a biotechnology research and development company, there is also the attendant risk that someone could commence legal proceedings over the Company’s discoveries. Acts of God could also adversely affect the Company’s business.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2010-06, Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements (“ASU No. 2010-06”). The new standard addresses, among other things, guidance regarding activity in Level 3 fair value measurements. Portions of ASU No. 2010-06 that relate to the Level 3 activity disclosures are effective for the annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2010. The Company will provide the required disclosures beginning with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2011. Based on the initial evaluation, the Company does not anticipate a material impact to the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows as a result of this change.

 
10

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

3. 
SETTLEMENT AND CANCELATION OF LICENSE AGREEMENT

On December 18, 2008, the Company entered into a license agreement with Transition Holdings, Inc. for certain of the Company’s non-core technology. Under the agreement, the Company received $2,000,000, less wire fees. The Company further received $1,500,000 in 2009. The Company had initially recorded the transactions as deferred revenue and was amortizing the revenue over its 17-year patent useful life. In December 2010, the Company received notice that Transition Holdings, Inc. was disputing the nature of the arrangement, and subsequently entered into a settlement arrangement with Transition Holdings, Inc. As a result of this settlement, the Company reclassified the unamortized license fee in the amount of $3,205,856 from deferred revenue to accrued settlement.  On February 15, 2011, the Company issued 7,413,000 shares as payment in full.  During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company relieved the accrued liability of $3,205,856 and recorded a loss on settlement of $294,144.

4. 
INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURE

On December 1, 2008, the Company and CHA Bio & Diostech Co., Ltd. formed an international joint venture. The new company, Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine International, Inc. (“SCRMI”), will develop human blood cells and other clinical therapies based on the Company’s hemangioblast program, one of the Company’s core technologies. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company purchased upfront a 33% interest in the joint venture, and will receive another 7% interest upon fulfilling certain obligations under the agreement over a period of 3 years. The Company’s contribution includes (a) the uninterrupted use of a portion of its leased facility at the Company’s expense, (b) the uninterrupted use of certain equipment in the leased facility, and (c) the release of certain of the Company’s research and science personnel to be employed by the joint venture. In return, for a 60% interest, CHA has agreed to contribute $150,000 cash and to fund all operational costs in order to conduct the hemangioblast program. Effective May 1, 2010, the Company was no longer obligated to provide laboratory space to SCRMI, and the Company holds a 40% interest in the joint venture and CHA Bio & Diostech, Ltd. owns a 60% interest. The two partners to the joint venture are in negotiations on further funding of the joint venture, but there can be no assurances that an agreement will be reached. Any financial statement impact at this time is unclear should an agreement not be reached.

The Company has agreed to collaborate with the joint venture in securing grants to further research and development of its technology. Additionally, SCRMI has agreed to pay the Company a fee of $500,000 for an exclusive, worldwide license to the Hemangioblast Program. The Company recorded $7,353, and $7,353 in license fee revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, in its accompanying consolidated statements of operations, and the balance of unamortized license fee of $432,958 and $439,951 is included in deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

The following table is a summary of key financial data for the joint venture as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

   
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Current assets
  $ 618,343     $ 766,420  
Noncurrent assets
  $ 996,473     $ 605,597  
Current liabilities
  $ 1,302,939     $ 909,851  
Noncurrent liabilities
  $ 1,912,428     $ 481,604  
Net revenue
  $ 6,693     $ 6,693  
Net loss
  $ (424,431 )   $ (482,110 )

 
11

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

5. 
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consisted of the following at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Machinery & equipment
  $ 1,488,527     $ 1,488,527  
Computer equipment
    449,893       449,893  
Office furniture
    76,201       76,201  
Leasehold improvements
    300,455       281,383  
Capital leases
    51,235       51,235  
Accumulated depreciation
    (2,183,422 )     (2,162,137 )
Property and equipment, net
  $ 182,889     $ 185,102  

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 amounted to $21,285and $45,580, respectively.

6. 
CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTES

2010 JMJ Convertible Promissory Notes

During 2010, the Company issued three convertible promissory notes to JMJ Financial, for a total of $3,000,000 available to receive in cash, for a principal sum of $3,850,000, which included an original issue discount of $850,000. The notes bear a one-time interest charge of 10% on the principal sum. The holder may at its election convert all or part of these notes into shares of the Company's common stock at the conversion rate of the lesser of: (a) $0.10 per share, or (b) 85% of the average of the three lowest trade prices in the 20 trading days prior to the conversion. During 2010, the Company received the entire $3,000,000 on these notes. Of the $3,850,000 borrowed, the Company converted $3,562,215 into 76,465,706 shares of common stock during 2010. The notes mature on March 30, 2013.

As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, the convertible promissory notes were convertible at the option of the holders into a total of 2,877,850 and 2,877,850 shares, subject to anti-dilution and other customary adjustments. The fair value of the embedded conversion option was $469,933 and $628,919 as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. The decrease in the fair value of this liability was $158,986 during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and an increase in fair value of $819,983 during the three months ended March 31, 2010, which was recorded through the results of operations as an adjustment to fair value of derivatives. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model at March 31, 2011 are as follows: (1) dividend yield of 0%; (2) expected volatility of 170%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 1.29%, and (4) expected life of 3 years.

Interest expense from amortization of debt discounts related to the JMJ Convertible Promissory Notes for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $31,281 and $662,188, respectively.

2009 Convertible Promissory Notes

On November 12, 2009, the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the “Subscription Agreement”) with certain subscribers (the “Subscribers”). For the sale of certain original issue discount promissory notes (“2009 Convertible Promissory Notes”). The 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes are convertible at the option of the holder into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $0.10.

The initial closing under the Subscription Agreement occurred on November 12, 2009, pursuant to which, the Company sold 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes (“First Close Notes”) in the principal amount of $1,662,000 for a purchase price of $1,385,000. In addition, on November 13, 2009, the Company sold 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes in the principal amount of $441,000 for a purchase price of $367,500 (including $67,500 previously owed to a subscriber for legal services). The closing that occurred on November 13, 2009 was deemed part of the initial closing, such that, pursuant to the initial closing under the Subscription Agreement, the Company sold 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $2,103,000 for an aggregate purchase price of $1,752,500.

On February 18, 2010, the Company completed the second closing, issuing additional debentures (“Second Close Debentures”), under the same terms of the initial closing, in the principal amount of up to $2,076,451 for a purchase price of $1,730,375 (including $45,375 previously owed to a subscriber for legal services).

 
12

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)
 
The Company was required to redeem the 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes monthly commencing in May 2010 under the first closing and September 2010 under the second closing, in the amount of 14.28% of the initial principal amount of the 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes, in cash or common stock at the Company’s option, until the 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes were paid in full. The maturity date of the 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes, first close is November 12, 2010, and March 1, 2011 under the second close.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company issued 1,519,077 shares of common stock for debt of $150,390.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the outstanding debt related to the 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes is $0 and $132,680 (net of discount of $19,229), respectively.

Interest expense from amortization of debt discounts related to the 2009 Convertible Promissory Notes for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $19,229 and $2,062,656, respectively.

7. 
SERIES A-1 REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK

On March 3, 2009, the Company entered into a $5 million credit facility (“Facility”) with a life sciences fund. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company may draw down funds, as needed, from the investor through the issuance of Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value $.001, at a basis of 1 share of Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock for every $10,000 invested. The preferred stock pays dividends, in kind of preferred stock, at an annual rate of 10%, matures in four years from the initial drawdown date, and is convertible into common stock at $0.75 per share at the option of the holder.

However, in the event the closing price of the common stock during the 5 trading days following the notice to convert falls below 75% of the average of the closing bid price in the 5 trading days prior to the closing date, the investor may, at its option, and without penalty, decline to purchase the applicable put shares on the closing date.

The Company is required to keep available out of its authorized but unissued shares of common stock, such number of shares sufficient to effect a conversion of all then outstanding shares of the Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock.

The Series A-1 redeemable preferred stock has been classified within the mezzanine section between liabilities and equity in the consolidated balance sheets because it is considered conditionally redeemable.   The embedded conversion option has been recorded as a derivative liability in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, and changes in the fair value each reporting period are reported in adjustments to fair value of derivatives in the consolidated statements of operations.

The outstanding balance at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 was $1,130,165, respectively, and is convertible into 1,506,887 shares of the Company’s common stock.  The Company values the conversion option initially when each draw takes place (see section entitled “Conversion Option” in this footnote below).

The following table summarizes the Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock outstanding at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Principal due
  $ 1,130,164       1,130,165  
Accrued dividend
    247,642       219,492  
Discount
    (68,813 )     (77,216 )
Non-current portion
  $ 1,308,993       1,272,441  
                 
Aggregate liquidation value*
  $ 1,377,806       1,349,657  

* Represents the sum of principal due and accrued dividends.

The dividends are accrued at a rate of 10% per annum, and the Company records the accrual as interest expense in its consolidated statements of operations in the period incurred. The Company recorded accrued dividends on the Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock of $28,150 and $9,888 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, which is recorded as interest expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 
13

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

Redemption Rights
Upon the earlier of (i) the fourth anniversary of the issuance date, and (ii) the occurrence of a major transaction, each holder shall have the right, to require the Company to redeem all or a portion of such holder’s share of Series A-1 preferred stock, at a price per share equal to the Series A-1 liquidation value. The Company has the option to pay the redemption price in cash or in shares of its common stock. The Company shall have the right to redeem all or a portion of the shares of Series A-1 redeemable preferred stock, at any time at a price per share of Series A-1 redeemable preferred stock equal to 100% of the Series A-1 liquidation value.

Termination and Liquidation Rights
The Company may terminate this agreement and its right to initiate future draw-downs by providing 30 days advanced written notice to the investor, subject to certain limitations.

Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of the Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock shall first be entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Company available for distribution (subject to certain limitations) to its stockholders an amount with respect to each share of Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock equal to $10,000, plus any accrued by unpaid dividends.

Conversion Option:
The embedded conversion option was valued at $158,309 and $212,447 at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, at fair value using the Black-Scholes model. The decrease in the fair value of the embedded conversion option liability of $54,138 and $499,241 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, was recorded through the results of operations as an adjustment to fair value of derivatives.

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model to value the embedded conversion option at March 31, 2011 were as follows: (1) dividend yield of 0%; (2) expected volatility of 170%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 0.80%, and (4) expected life of 2.02 years.

Commitment fee and expenses
For providing investor relations services in connection with the Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock credit facility, the Company issued a consultant 24,900,000 shares of its common stock on February 9, 2009. The Company valued the issuance of these shares at $4,731,000 based on a closing price of $0.19 on February 9, 2009 and recorded the value of the shares as deferred financing costs on the date they were issued. Beginning on the date of the first draw-down on April 6, 2009 (the loan maturity date is 4 years after the initial draw-down), the Company amortizes these fees over the term of the Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock facility which represents the implied term of the investor relations contract.

The Company also incurred a non-refundable commitment fee to the holder of this convertible preferred stock facility in the amount of $250,000. The initial fee went into delinquency and was modified on October 19, 2009. (See modification section in the footnote below.)

Beginning on the date of the first draw-down on April 6, 2009 (the loan maturity date is 4 years after the initial draw-down), the Company amortizes the deferred issuance costs ratably over the term of the Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock facility.

Interest expense from amortization of the debt discount and deferred costs for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $109,855 and $315,615, respectively.

Modification of Series A-1 Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock:
On  October 19, 2009, the Company entered into two letter agreements with Volation, pursuant to which (i) the Company reduced the conversion price of its existing outstanding Series A-1 convertible preferred stock issued to Volation to $.10 per share resulting in 22,880,000 shares of Common Stock upon conversion, (ii) the Company issued Volation 2,500,000 shares of its Common Stock at $0.10 per share in payment of an outstanding commitment fee, and (iii) Volation waived the delinquency in  non-payment of the $250,000 commitment fee required pursuant to the preferred stock purchase agreement between the Company and Volation.  The commitment fee was paid during the year ended December 31, 2010 by reducing the proceeds paid by the Series A-1 Preferred Stock investors by the amount of the commitment fee.

8. 
SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK

On November 2, 2009 (“Effective Date”), the Company entered into a preferred stock purchase agreement with Optimus Life Sciences Capital Partners, LLC (“Investor” or “Optimus”). Pursuant to the purchase agreement, the Company agreed to sell, and the Investor agreed to purchase, in one or more purchases from time to time  at the Company’s sole discretion, (i) up to 1,000 shares of Series B preferred stock at a purchase price of $10,000 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of up to $10,000,000, and (ii) five-year warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock  with an aggregate exercise price equal to 135% of the purchase price paid by the Investor, at an exercise price per share as follows:

 
14

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

· 
On the sixth (6th) Trading Day following the Tranche Notice Date, the Exercise Price of the Optimus Warrant shall be adjusted  to equal the VWAP for the 5 trading days beginning on and including the Tranche Notice Date (as so adjusted, the “Adjusted Exercise Price”); and

· 
If the Adjusted Exercise Price results in additional Warrant Shares being issuable to the Holder, such additional shares shall be delivered to the Holder within one Trading Day following the Adjustment Date.  If the Adjusted Exercise Price results in less Warrant Shares being issuable to the Holder, the excess Warrant Shares shall be returned by the Holder to the Company within one Trading Day following on the Adjustment Date.

The Warrants were issued in replacement of a five-year warrant to purchase 119,469,027 shares of common stock with an exercise price per share of $0.113 the Company issued on the Effective Date.

The Company agreed to pay to the Investor a commitment fee of $500,000, at the earlier of the closing of the first Tranche or the six month anniversary of the effective date, payable at the Company’s election in cash or common stock valued at 90% of the volume weighted average price of the Company’s common stock on the five trading days preceding the payment date. The $500,000 commitment fee was outstanding and was recorded in accrued expenses in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2009. During 2010, the Company issued 50 shares of preferred stock as payment for the commitment fee.

During 2010, the Company delivered tranche notices to Optimus Life Sciences Capital Partners, LLC for delivery of a total of 1,000 shares under the Series B preferred stock for funding in the amount of $10,000,000 ($9,485,000 in cash proceeds, $500,000 of commitment fee applied, and $15,000 in legal fees).

During 2010, in connection with the funding, the Company issued 95,870,362 shares of its common stock upon exercise of the same number of warrants, which were granted simultaneously with the Company’s tranche notices. During 2010, the Company received secured promissory notes in the amount of $13,500,000 to settle the warrant exercise.

Dividends
Commencing on the date of the issuance of any shares of Series B preferred stock, Holders of Series B preferred stock will be entitled to receive dividends on each outstanding share of Series B preferred stock, which will accrue in shares of Series B preferred stock at a rate equal to 10% per annum from the issuance date compounded annually.  Accrued dividends will be payable upon redemption of the Series B preferred stock.  Accrued dividends were $448,526 and $196,986 at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

Redemption Rights
Upon or after the fourth anniversary of the initial issuance date, the Company will have the right, at the Company’s option, to redeem all or a portion of the shares of the Series B preferred stock, at a price per share equal to 100% of the Series B liquidation value. The preferred stock may be redeemed at the Company’s option, commencing 4 years from the issuance date at a price per share of (a)  $10,000 per share plus accrued but unpaid dividends (the “Series B Liquidation Value”), or, at a price per share of : (x) 127% of the Series B Liquidation Value if redeemed on or after the first anniversary but prior to the second anniversary of the initial issuance date, (y) 118% of the Series B Liquidation Value if redeemed on or after the second anniversary but prior to the third anniversary of the initial issuance date, and (z) 109% of the Series B Liquidation Value if redeemed on or after the third anniversary but prior to the fourth anniversary of the initial issuance date.

Liquidation Rights
The preferred shares shall, with respect to dividend, rights upon liquidation, winding-up or dissolution, rank: (i) senior to the Company’s common stock, and any other class or series of preferred stock of the Company, except Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock which shall rank senior in right of liquidation and pari passu with respect to dividends; and (ii) junior to all existing and future indebtedness of the Company. If the Company determines to liquidate, dissolve or wind-up its business, it must redeem the Series B preferred stock at the prices set forth above. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company the Holders of Series B preferred stock shall be first entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders an amount with respect to each share of Series B preferred stock equal to $10,000, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.

The Company has classified the Series B redeemable preferred stock in the equity section in its consolidated balance sheets.

 
15

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

Related Secured Promissory Notes Receivable:
In accordance with the terms of the Series B preferred stock agreement, Optimus issued to the Company a secured promissory note in consideration for receiving warrants under each tranche. The value of each secured promissory note equals the value of the warrants that Optimus received. Interest on the notes accrues at 2% per year, compounding annually if the interest remains unpaid at the end of each year. The note is secured by freely tradable marketable securities belonging to Optimus. Each promissory note matures on the fourth anniversary of its issuance.

In the event the Company redeems all or a portion of any shares of Series B preferred stock held by Optimus, the Company will be permitted to offset the full amount of such proceeds against amounts outstanding under the promissory notes. Accordingly, the Company included the discounted value of the secured promissory notes as a separate component of stockholders’ deficit at March 31, 2011.

The value of the secured promissory notes in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet was $10,428,425, net of discounts of $3,071,575 at March 31, 2011, reflecting a face value of $13,500,000. The value of the secured promissory notes in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet was $10,177,370, net of discounts of $3,322,630 at December 31, 2010, reflecting a face value of $13,500,000. The Company determined that a 10% discount is appropriate, in order to consistently reflect the Company’s cost of borrowing under the terms of the underlying Series B preferred stock that permits offset. The Company recorded an initial discount on the promissory notes in the amount of $3,519,238 during the year ended December 31, 2010. The Company accretes interest at 10% over the respective four-year terms of the promissory notes.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company accreted interest on the promissory note in the amount of $251,055 and $12,715, respectively, which was recorded in accumulated deficit during the periods then ended. The Company recorded dividends on its Series B preferred stock during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 of $251,539 and $12,739, respectively. The accrued dividends are offset by the accretion of the note receivable discount.

As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, 1,000 shares of Series B preferred stock were outstanding.

9. 
SERIES C PREFERRED STOCK

On December 30, 2010 (the “Series C Effective Date”), the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Series C Purchase Agreement”) with Socius CG II, Ltd., a Bermuda exempted company (“Socius”). Pursuant to the Series C Purchase Agreement:

·
The Company agreed to sell, and Socius agreed to purchase, in one or more purchases from time to time (each such purchase, a “Series C Tranche”) in the Company’s sole discretion (subject to the conditions set forth therein), (i) up to 2,500 shares of Series C Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred Shares”) at a purchase price of $10,000 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of up to $25,000,000, and (ii) a two-year warrant (the “Socius Warrant”) obligating Socius to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Common Stock” ) with an aggregate exercise price equal to 20% of the purchase price paid by Socius for the Series C Preferred Shares sold in each Series C Tranche, at an exercise price per share equal to the closing bid price of the Company’s Common Stock on the date the Company provides notice of such Series C Tranche (the “Series C Tranche Notice”). On each date that the Company delivers a Series C Tranche Notice to Socius, Socius shall also become obligated, pursuant to a right automatically vesting on such Series C Tranche Notice date, to purchase that number of shares of Common Stock (such shares of Common Stock the “Additional Investment Shares”) equal in dollar amount to 100% of the Series C Tranche amount set forth in the Series C Tranche Notice at a price per share equal to the closing bid price of the Common Stock on the Series C Tranche Notice date.
 
The Series C Purchase Agreement requires that, when the Company requests Socius to purchase a tranche of Series C Preferred Shares, the mandatory purchase by Socius of the related Additional Investment Shares must occur no later than sixty (60) calendar days following the Series C Tranche Notice date.
 
The Socius Warrant was issued to Socius on December 30, 2010 (the “Closing Date”) simultaneous with entering into the Series C Purchase Agreement. The Socius Warrant was issued with an initial exercise price per warrant is of $0.16 per share and for a total of up to 31,250,000 shares, subject to adjustment as described therein. On January 10, 2011, Socius and the Company entered into a letter agreement in which the parties agreed that, following arms-length negotiations and notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Socius Warrant, that the initial number of shares issuable under the Socius Warrant, subject to the adjustment mechanism set forth therein, was equal to 30,000,000.

As required by the Purchase Agreement, the Socius Warrant must be exercised for such number of shares of Common Stock equal in amount to 20% of the cumulative purchase price paid by Socius for the Series C Preferred Shares. The maximum amount of Series C Preferred Stock that Socius may become obligated to purchase under all Series C Tranches is $25,000,000. Assuming the maximum drawdown of $25,000,000 by the Company under the Series C Purchase Agreement, Socius would be required to exercise the Socius Warrant to purchase 20% of this total dollar amount, or $5,000,000 worth of shares of Common Stock.

 
16

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

The Letter Agreement modified the Socius Warrant only with respect to the initial number of underlying shares and expressly provides that, except as so modified, the Socius Warrant shall remain unchanged and shall continue in full force and effect.

At the initial closing pursuant to the Series C Purchase Agreement, which occurred on the Closing Date, (i) Socius purchased 400 Preferred Shares and the Company received gross proceeds of $4,000,000 (ii) the Company delivered to Socius an initial warrant (the “Initial Warrant”) obligating Socius to purchase shares of Common Stock with an aggregate purchase price of $800,000, which shall be automatically exercisable on the date a registration statement for the resale of all shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Series C Purchase Agreement is declared effective (which effectiveness occurred on April 13, 2011), with delivery of such shares made to Socius on the trading day immediately following the exercise date at a per-share price equal to the closing bid price of the Common Stock on the delivery date, and (iii) Socius became obligated to purchase additional shares of Common Stock equal in aggregate dollar amount to $4,000,000 ( such shares of Common Stock the “Initial Investment Shares”), with delivery of such shares made to Socius on the trading day immediately following the date the registration statement is declared effective at a price per share equal to the closing bid price of Common Stock on the delivery date.
 
·
The Company agreed to pay to Socius a commitment fee of $1,250,000 (the “Commitment Fee”), at the earlier of the closing of the first Series C Tranche or the six month anniversary of the Series C Effective Date. This Commitment Fee is payable solely at the Company’s election, in cash or in the alternative, in shares of common stock valued at 88% of the volume weighted average price of the Company’s Common Stock on the five trading days preceding the payment date. If the Company elects to pay the Commitment Fee in shares of Common Stock, no cash payment would be due as the issuance of shares would satisfy the Commitment Fee obligation in full.
 
·
The Company agreed to use its best efforts to file within 60 days of the Series C Effective Date, and cause to become effective as soon as possible thereafter, a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the resale of all shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Series C Purchase Agreement, including the shares of Common Stock underlying the Socius Warrant, shares of the Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Initial Warrant, shares of Common Stock issuable as Initial Investment Shares, shares of Common Stock issuable as Additional Investment Shares, and shares of Common Stock issuable in payment of the Commitment Fee.
 
In the event that Socius does not comply with its obligations under the Series C Purchase Agreement (including its obligations to exercise the Socius Warrant), the Series C Purchase Agreement provides that, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided therein or granted by law, the Company would be entitled to seek specific performance by Socius under the Series C Purchase Agreement and the Socius Warrant.
 
On December 30, 2010, in accordance with the purchase agreement, the Company filed a certificate of designations for the Series C preferred stock with the Secretary of State of the state of Delaware. As previously reported, pursuant to the Certificate of Designations, the preferred shares shall, with respect to dividend, rights upon liquidation, winding-up or dissolution, rank: (i) senior to the Company’s common stock, and any other class or series of preferred stock of the Company (collectively, with any warrants, rights, calls or options exercisable for or convertible into such preferred stock, the “Junior Securities”); provided, however, the Series A-1 convertible preferred stock and Series B preferred stock (together, the “Senior Securities”) shall rank senior in right of redemption, liquidation, and dividends; and (ii) junior to all existing and future indebtedness of the Company.

Dividends
Commencing on the date of the issuance of any shares of Series C preferred stock, holders of Series C preferred stock will be entitled to receive dividends on each outstanding share of Series C preferred stock, which will accrue in shares of Series C preferred stock at a rate equal to 6% per annum from the issuance date compounded annually. Accrued dividends will be payable upon redemption of the Series C preferred stock.

Redemption Rights
Upon or after the fourth anniversary of the initial issuance date, the Company will have the right, at the Company’s option, to redeem all or a portion of the shares of the Series C preferred stock, at a price per share equal to 100% of the Series C liquidation value. The preferred stock may be redeemed at the Company’s option, commencing 4 years from the issuance date at a price per share of (a) $10,000 per share plus accrued but unpaid dividends (the “Series C Liquidation Value”), or, at a price per share of : (x) 136% of the Series C Liquidation Value if redeemed prior to the first anniversary of the initial issuance date, (y) 127% of the Series C Liquidation Value if redeemed on or after the second anniversary but prior to the third anniversary of the initial issuance date, and (z) 109% of the Series C Liquidation Value if redeemed on or after the third anniversary but prior to the fourth anniversary of the initial issuance date.

 
17

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

Termination and Liquidation Rights
If the Company determines to liquidate, dissolve or wind-up its business, it must redeem the Series C preferred stock at the prices set forth above. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the Holders of Series C preferred stock shall be first entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders an amount with respect to each share of Series C preferred stock equal to $10,000, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.

The Company recorded dividends on its Series C preferred stock during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 of $59,178 and $0, respectively. Upon issuance of the note receivable, the accrued dividends will be offset by the accretion of the note receivable discount.

The Company has classified the Series C redeemable preferred stock in the equity section in its consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, 400 shares of Series C preferred stock were outstanding.

10. 
WARRANT SUMMARY
 
Warrant Activity
 
A summary of warrant activity for the three months ended March 31, 2011 is presented below:

               
Weighted
       
  
       
Weighted
   
Average
   
Aggregate
 
         
Average
   
Remaining
   
Intrinsic
 
   
Number of
   
Exercise
   
Contractual
   
Value
 
   
Warrants
   
Price $
   
Life (in years)
      (000) $  
Outstanding, December 31, 2010
    134,931,242       0.12       3.54          
Granted
    5,663,445       0.27                  
Exercised
    (27,613,443 )     0.10                  
Forfeited/Canceled
    (300,000 )     0.96                  
Outstanding, March 31, 2011 (unaudited)
    112,681,244       0.13       3.36       8,387  
                                 
Exercisable, March 31, 2011 (unaudited)
    112,681,244       0.13       3.36       8,387  

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above is before applicable income taxes and is calculated based on the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the quoted price of the Company’s common stock as of the reporting date.

The following table summarizes information about warrants outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2011:

Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable
 
         
Weighted
   
Weighted
 
         
Average
   
Average
 
Exercise
 
Number
   
Remaining
   
Exercise
 
Price $
 
of Shares
   
Life (Years)
   
Price $
 
.10 - .11
    106,261,441       3.31       0.10  
.20 - .30
    1,630,000       4.76       0.25  
.38-.39
    1,330,636       6.32       0.39  
.40-.45
    2,065,000       2.82       0.42  
.70-.85
    1,001,250       3.94       0.73  
2.20-2.54
    392,917       0.12       2.48  
      112,681,244                  

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company issued 3,260,000 warrants to consultants. The warrants were 5 year warrants with an exercise price ranging from $0.20 to $0.70. The fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance was approximately $634,000 which was recorded as consulting expense in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The Company used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value the warrants using the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%; (2) expected volatility of 170%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 2.01%, and (4) expected life of 5 years.

 
18

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company extended the expiration date of 2,403,445 warrants that had expired on December 31, 2010. The fair value of the warrants at the extension date was approximately $470,000 which was recorded as financing costs in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. The Company used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value the warrants using the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%; (2) expected volatility of 170%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 1.02%, and (4) expected life of 4 years.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, there were 13,404,506 warrants exercised for $1,258,135 in cash and 14,208,937 warrants exercised using the cashless exercise provision.

11.
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY TRANSACTIONS
During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company issued 1,519,077 shares related to the convertible debenture redemptions for the principal amount of $150,390.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company issued 636,126 shares for the exercise of 1,500,000 non-employee options and relieved the derivative liability for $160,161.

On January 1, 2001, the Company issued 1,630,000 shares of common stock in connection with consulting agreements. The agreements are for one year unless terminated by either party. The Company recognized consulting expense of $342,300 related to these agreements during the three months ended March 31, 2011.

On January 11, 2011, per Gary Rabin’s employment agreement, the Company issued 5,000,000 shares of restricted common stock. The Company valued the shares at $0.14 per share for a value of $700,000. The Company will amortize this expense over the earlier of one year or the naming of a new CEO. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company recorded $175,000 as payroll expense in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.

On February 11, 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with Gemini Master Fund (“Gemini”), whereby, the Company issued 20,000,000 shares to settle errors involving warrant issuances to Gemini. The Company relieved the warrant liability and recorded a financing cost of $2,155,548 in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.

On February 14, 2011, the Company issued Robert Lanza 12,421,101 shares of common stock. The Company had granted these shares to Mr. Lanza during 2010 and had recorded the compensation expense and an accrued liability for $1,117,899 as of December 31, 2010. The Company relieved the accrued liability with the issuance of the shares.

On February 15, 2011, the Company issued 3,222,786 shares of common stock valued at $654,000 to Optimus CG II Ltd, which was related to the true-up of shares issued on conversion of warrants. The Company has recorded the expense as a finance cost and the accrued liability in the 2010 consolidated financial statements. The Company relieved the accrued liability with the issuance of the shares.

On February 15, 2011, the Company issued Transition Holdings, Ltd. 7,413,000 shares of common stock for full settlement of the licensing agreements between Transition Holdings, Ltd. and the Company. The Company had recorded the value of the shares in the December 31, 2010 consolidated financial statements as advances payable. The Company relieved the advances payable with the issuance of the shares.

On February 16, 2011, the Company issued a board member 406,324 shares of common stock valued at $73,138 as compensation for board services.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company issued 3,252,066 shares of common stock for the cashless exercise of 14,208,937 warrants. The warrants were executed in accordance with their terms.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company received $1,258,136 from the cash exercise of 13,404,506 warrants.

 
19

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

12. 
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
   
Stock Plans
 
The following table summarizes the Company's stock incentive plans as of March 31, 2011:

               
Options/Shares
 
   
Options/Shares
   
Options
   
Available
 
Stock Plan
 
Issued
   
Outstanding
   
For Grant
 
2004 Stock Plan
    2,492,000       820,000       370,000  
2004 Stock Plan II
    1,301,161       1,071,161       230,000  
2005 Stock Plan
    53,952,983       49,442,457       126,563,995  
      57,746,144       51,333,618       127,163,995  

Stock Option Activity
 
A summary of option activity for the years ended March 31, 2011 is presented below:

               
Weighted
       
         
Weighted
   
Average
   
Aggregate
 
         
Average
   
Remaining
   
Intrinsic
 
   
Number of
   
Exercise
   
Contractual
   
Value
 
   
Options
   
Price
   
Life (in years)
      (000)  
Outstanding, December 31, 2010
    48,376,119     $ 0.23       7.56     $ 3,825  
Granted
    4,457,499       -                  
Exercised
    (1,500,000 )     -                  
Forfeited/canceled
    -       -                  
Outstanding, March 31, 2011
    51,333,618     $ 0.23       7.74     $ 2,663  
                                 
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2011
    48,968,533     $ 0.24       7.63     $ 2,541  
Exercisable, March 31, 2011
    33,140,654     $ 0.29       6.56     $ 1,721  

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above is before applicable income taxes and is calculated based on the difference between the exercise price of the options and the quoted price of the Company’s common stock as of the reporting date.

 
20

 

ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011 and 2010
(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2011.
 
     
Options Outstanding
   
Options Exercisable
 
           
Weighted
   
Weighted
         
Weighted
   
Weighted
 
           
Average
   
Average
         
Average
   
Average
 
Exercise  
Number
   
Exercise
   
Remaining
   
Number
   
Exercise
   
Remaining
 
Price  
of Shares
   
Price
   
Life (Years)
   
of Shares
   
Price
   
Life (Years)
 
$
0.05
    820,000     $ 0.05       3.37       820,000     $ 0.05       3.37  
 
0.09
    12,390,000       0.09       8.85       3,484,689       0.09       8.85  
 
0.10 - 0.14
    20,501,273       0.11       8.48       16,334,606       0.10       7.32  
 
0.19 - 0.21
    10,269,168       0.20       7.99       5,148,181       0.21       6.87  
 
0.25
    1,071,161       0.25       3.76       1,071,161       0.25       3.76  
 
0.85
    5,604,099       0.85       3.84       5,604,100       0.85       3.84  
$
1.35 - 2.48
    677,917     $ 2.04       4.61       677,917     $ 2.04       4.61  
        51,333,618                       33,140,654                  

The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of options granted using the Black-Scholes option- pricing model for options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2011 are as follows:

   
2011
 
Risk-free interest rate
    1.93 %
Expected life of the options
 
5.27 years
 
Expected volatility
    170 %
Expected dividend yield
    0 %
Expected forfeitures
    13 %

13. 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company in the ordinary course of business is generally subject to claims, complaints, and legal actions. At March 31, 2011, management believes that the Company is not a party to any action that would have a material impact on its financial condition, operations or cash flows.

The Company has entered into employment contracts with certain executives and research personnel. The contracts provide for salaries, bonuses and stock option grants, along with other employee benefits. The employment contracts generally have no set term.

14. 
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
 
The Company has evaluated all subsequent events that occurred up to the time of the Company's issuance of its financial statements.

 
21

 

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the materials incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. We use words such as “may,” “assumes,” “forecasts,” “positions,” “predicts,” “strategy,” “will,” “expects,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “budgets,” “potential,” “continue” and variations thereof, and other statements contained in this quarterly report, and the exhibits hereto, regarding matters that are not historical facts and are forward-looking statements. Because these statements involve risks and uncertainties, as well as certain assumptions, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include, but are not limited to risks inherent in: our early stage of development, including a lack of operating history, lack of profitable operations and the need for additional capital; the development and commercialization of largely novel and unproven technologies and products; our ability to protect, maintain and defend our intellectual property rights; uncertainties regarding our ability to obtain the capital resources needed to continue research and development operations and to conduct research, preclinical development and clinical trials necessary for regulatory approvals; uncertainty regarding the outcome of clinical trials and our overall ability to compete effectively in a highly complex, rapidly developing, capital intensive and competitive industry. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date that they are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Forward-looking statements include our plans and objectives for future operations, including plans and objectives relating to our products and our future economic performance. Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions, future business decisions, and the time and money required to successfully complete development and commercialization of our technologies, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements contained herein are reasonable, any of those assumptions could prove inaccurate and, therefore, we cannot assure you that the results contemplated in any of the forward-looking statements contained herein will be realized. Based on the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of any such statement should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that our objectives or plans will be achieved.
 
ITEM 2.     MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
OVERVIEW
 
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

We are a biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing human stem cell technology in the emerging fields of regenerative medicine and stem cell therapy. Principal activities to date have included obtaining financing, securing operating facilities, and conducting research and development. We have no therapeutic products currently available for sale and do not expect to have any therapeutic products commercially available for sale for a period of years, if at all. These factors indicate that our ability to continue research and development activities is dependent upon the ability of management to obtain additional financing as required.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Deferred Issuance Cost— Payments, either in cash or share-based payments, made in connection with the sale of debentures are recorded as deferred debt issuance costs and amortized using the effective interest method over the lives of the related debentures. The weighted average amortization period for deferred debt issuance costs is 48 months.
 
Fair Value Measurements — For certain financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, interest payable and notes payable, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.

On January 1, 2008, we adopted FASB ASC 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.” FASB ASC 820-10 defines fair value, and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement that enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for receivables and current liabilities each qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of their fair values because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:

 
·
Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

 
·
Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

 
22

 

 
·
Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

Management analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity” and ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each period end, with any increase or decrease in the fair value being recorded in results of operations as adjustments to fair value of derivatives. The effects of interactions between embedded derivatives are calculated and accounted for in arriving at the overall fair value of the financial instruments. In addition, the fair values of freestanding derivative instruments such as warrant and option derivatives are valued using the Black-Scholes model.

Revenue Recognition— Our revenue is generated from license and research agreements with collaborators. Licensing revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the life of the license or the estimated economic life of the patents related to the license. Deferred revenue represents the portion of the license and other payments received that has not been earned. Costs associated with the license revenue are deferred and recognized over the same term as the revenue. Reimbursements of research expense pursuant to grants are recorded in the period during which collection of the reimbursement becomes assured, because the reimbursements are subject to approval.

Stock Based Compensation— We record stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.” ASC 718 requires companies to measure compensation cost for stock-based employee compensation at fair value at the grant date and recognize the expense over the employee’s requisite service period. We recognize in the statement of operations the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees and non-employees. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2010-06, Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements (“ASU No. 2010-06”). The new standard addresses, among other things, guidance regarding activity in Level 3 fair value measurements. Portions of ASU No. 2010-06 that relate to the Level 3 activity disclosures are effective for the annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2010. We will provide the required disclosures beginning with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2011. Based on the initial evaluation, we do not anticipate a material impact to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows as a result of this change.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
         
% of
         
% of
 
   
Amount
   
Revenue
   
Amount
   
Revenue
 
Revenue
  $ 153,688       100.0 %   $ 205,158       100.0 %
Cost of revenue
    22,900       14.9 %     66,650       32.5 %
Gross profit
    130,788       85.1 %     138,508       67.5 %
Research and development expenses
    1,474,773       959.6 %     3,895,581       1898.8 %
General and administrative expenses
    3,197,526       2080.5 %     11,218,243       5468.1 %
Loss on settlement of litigation
    294,144       191.4 %     -       0.0 %
Non-operating income (expense)
    1,493,618       971.9 %     (2,874,317 )     -1401.0 %
Net loss
  $ (3,342,037 )     -2174.6 %   $ (17,849,633 )     -8700.4 %

Revenue
 
Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $153,688 and $205,158, respectively, which represented a decrease of $51,470, or 25%. These amounts relate primarily to license fees and royalties collected that are being amortized over the period of the license granted, and are therefore typically consistent between periods. The decrease in revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2011 was due to licenses being terminated during the fourth quarter 2010.

Research and Development Expenses and Grant Reimbursements
 
R&D expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were $1,474,773 and $3,895,581, respectively, a decrease of $2,420,808, or 62%. R&D consists mainly of facility costs, payroll and payroll related expenses, research supplies and costs incurred in connection with specific research grants, and for scientific research. The decrease in R&D expenditures during the three months ended March 31, 2011 as compared to the same period in 2010 is because during the three months ended March 31, 2010, we expensed approximately $2,700,000 related to 30,192,203 shares of common stock that were issued or expected to be issued to our chief scientific officer.

 
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Our research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with basic and pre-clinical research exclusively in the field of human stem cell therapies and regenerative medicine, with focus on development of our technologies in cellular reprogramming, reduced complexity applications, and stem cell differentiation. These expenses represent both pre-clinical development costs and costs associated with non-clinical support activities such as quality control and regulatory processes. The cost of our research and development personnel is the most significant category of expense; however, we also incur expenses with third parties, including license agreements, sponsored research programs and consulting expenses.

We do not segregate research and development costs by project because our research is focused exclusively on human stem cell therapies as a unitary field of study. Although we have three principal areas of focus for our research, these areas are completely intertwined and have not yet matured to the point where they are separate and distinct projects. The intellectual property, scientists and other resources dedicated to these efforts are not separately allocated to individual projects, but rather are conducting our research on an integrated basis.
 
We expect that research and development expenses will increase in the foreseeable future as we add personnel, expand our pre-clinical research, begin clinical trial activities, and increase our regulatory compliance capabilities. The amount of these increases is difficult to predict due to the uncertainty inherent in the timing and extent of progress in our research programs, and initiation of clinical trials. In addition, the results from our basic research and pre-clinical trials, as well as the results of trials of similar therapeutics under development by others, will influence the number, size and duration of planned and unplanned trials. As our research efforts mature, we will continue to review the direction of our research based on an assessment of the value of possible commercial applications emerging from these efforts. Based on this continuing review, we expect to establish discrete research programs and evaluate the cost and potential for cash inflows from commercializing products, partnering with others in the biotechnology or pharmaceutical industry, or licensing the technologies associated with these programs to third parties.
 
We believe that it is not possible at this stage to provide a meaningful estimate of the total cost to complete our ongoing projects and bring any proposed products to market. The use of human embryonic stem cells as a therapy is an emerging area of medicine, and it is not known what clinical trials will be required by the FDA in order to gain marketing approval. Costs to complete could vary substantially depending upon the projects selected for development, the number of clinical trials required and the number of patients needed for each study. It is possible that the completion of these studies could be delayed for a variety of reasons, including difficulties in enrolling patients, delays in manufacturing, incomplete or inconsistent data from the pre-clinical or clinical trials, and difficulties evaluating the trial results. Any delay in completion of a trial would increase the cost of that trial, which would harm our results of operations. Due to these uncertainties, we cannot reasonably estimate the size, nature nor timing of the costs to complete, or the amount or timing of the net cash inflows from our current activities. Until we obtain further relevant pre-clinical and clinical data, we will not be able to estimate our future expenses related to these programs or when, if ever, and to what extent we will receive cash inflows from resulting products.

General and Administrative Expenses
 
General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were $3,197,526 and $11,218,243, respectively, a decrease of $8,020,717, or 71%. The first quarter 2011 decrease was because during the three months ended March 31, 2010, we expensed approximately $8,000,000 related to 89,280,595 shares of common stock that were issued or expected to be issued to our chief executive officer per his employment agreement.

Loss on settlement of litigation

Loss on settlement of litigation for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were $294,144 and $0, respectively, an increase of 294,144 or 100%. The increase was primarily due to the settlement with Transition Holdings, Inc. We had accrued $3,205,856 as of December 31, 2010 and then expensed the remaining $294,144 settlement amount during the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Non-operating income (expense)
 
Non-operating income (expense) for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $1,493,618 and ($2,874,317), respectively, which represents an increase of $4,367,935 or 152%. The change in non-operating income (expense) during the three months ended March 31, 2011, compared to that of 2010, relates primarily to the change in fair value of derivatives. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the fair value of the derivative liabilities decreased by $4,789,419 compared to a decrease of $1,584,704 for the three months ended March 31, 2010. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company incurred approximately $2,000,000 in financing costs associated with the Gemini Master Fund warrant settlement. Interest expense was $681,710 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to $3,352,774 for the three months ended March 31, 2010. The decrease in interest expense is due to the decrease in the overall debt.

Net Income (Loss)
 
Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $3,342,037 and $17,849,633, respectively. The change in net loss in each period is primarily related to the decrease in payroll expenses related to the shares issued to our chief executive officer and our chief scientific officer and the changes in the fair value of the derivative liabilities.

 
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
Cash Flows
 
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated below:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Net cash used in operating activities
  $ (3,378,500 )   $ (2,930,070 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (19,072 )     (89,948 )
Net cash provided by financing activities
    1,258,136       5,658,865  
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (2,139,436 )     2,638,847  
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period
  $ 13,479,973     $ 5,177,685  
 
Operating Activities
 
Our net cash used in operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $3,378,500 and $2,930,070, respectively. Cash used in operating activities increased during the current period primarily due to an increase in operating expenditures.

Cash Flows from Investing

Cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $19,072 and $89,948, respectively. Our cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2011 was attributed to the purchase of fixed assets for approximately $19,000.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Cash flows provided by financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $1,258,136 and $5,658,865, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we received $1,258,136 from the exercise of warrants.

We plan to fund our operations for the foreseeable future from the following sources:

 
·
As of March 31, 2011, we have approximately $13,750,000 in cash.
 
·
As of March31, 2011, approximately $1,580,000 is available to us upon the sale of our Series A-1 preferred stock for a maximum placement commitment of $5 million.
 
·
As of March 31, 2011, $21,000,000 is available to us upon the sale of our Series C preferred stock for a maximum placement commitment of $25,000,000.
 
·
We continue to repay our debt financings in shares of common stock, enabling us to use our cash resources to fund our operations.

On a long term basis, we have no expectation of generating any meaningful revenues from our product candidates for a substantial period of time and will rely on raising funds in capital transactions to finance our research and development programs. Our future cash requirements will depend on many factors, including the pace and scope of our research and development programs, the costs involved in filing, prosecuting and enforcing patents, and other costs associated with commercializing our potential products. We intend to seek additional funding primarily through public or private financing transactions, and, to a lesser degree, new licensing or scientific collaborations, grants from governmental or other institutions, and other related transactions. If we are unable to raise additional funds, we will be forced to either scale back our business efforts or curtail our business activities entirely. We anticipate that our available cash and expected income will be sufficient to finance most of our current activities for the foreseeable future. We cannot assure you that public or private financing or grants will be available on acceptable terms, if at all. Several factors will affect our ability to raise additional funding, including, but not limited to, the volatility of our common stock.
 
 
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
Our exposure to market risk is limited primarily to interest income sensitivity, which is affected by changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates, particularly because a significant portion of our investments are in short-term debt securities issued by the U.S. government and institutional money market funds. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal. Due to the nature of our marketable securities, we believe that we are not exposed to any material market risk. We do not have any derivative financial instruments or foreign currency instruments. If interest rates had varied by 10% in the quarter ended March 31, 2011, it would not have had a material effect on our results of operations or cash flows for that period.
 
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file pursuant to the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), who also serves as the Company’s Principal Financial Officer (“PFO”), to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide a reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Management designed the disclosure controls and procedures to provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.
 
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and PFO, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2011 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
None.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 17, 2011.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we issued 3,252,066 shares of common stock for the cashless exercise of 14,208,937 warrants.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we issued 1,519,077 shares upon conversion of debentures redemptions in the principal amount of $150,390.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we issued 636,126 shares for the exercise of 1,500,000 options.

On January 11, 2011, per Gary Rabin’s employment agreement, we issued 5,000,0000 of common stock to Gary Rabin.

On February 11, 2011, we entered into an agreement with Gemini Master Fund (“Gemini”), whereby, we issued 20,000,000 shares to settle all past and current warrant issuances.

On February 14, 2011, we issued Robert Lanza 12,421,101 shares of common stock for services.

 
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On February 15, 2011, we issued Transition Holdings, Ltd. 7,413,000 shares of common stock for full settlement of the licensing agreement with Transition Holdings, Ltd.

In connection with the foregoing, the Company relied upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act opf 1933, as amended.
 
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
 
None.
 
ITEM 4. [REMOVED AND RESERVED]
 
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit Description

31.1
Section 302 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer.*
   
32.1
Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.*
 

 
*            Filed herewith

 
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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
 
 
ADVANCED CELL TECHNOLOGY, INC.
   
 
   
By: 
 /s/ Gary Rabin
   
 
Gary Rabin
   
 
Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
(Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Oficer)
Dated: May 6, 2011 
   

 
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