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EX-32.2 - EXHIBIT 32.2 - STONEGATE MORTGAGE CORPa2016q2-10qxexhibit322.htm
EX-32.1 - EXHIBIT 32.1 - STONEGATE MORTGAGE CORPa2016q2-10qxexhibit321.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - STONEGATE MORTGAGE CORPa2016q2-10qxexhibit312.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - STONEGATE MORTGAGE CORPa2016q2-10qxexhibit311.htm
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
____________________
FORM 10-Q  
____________________
(Mark One)
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period ended June 30, 2016
OR
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission file number: 001-36116
____________________
Stonegate Mortgage Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
____________________
 
Ohio
34-1194858
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
 
 
9190 Priority Way West Drive, Suite 300
Indianapolis, Indiana
46240
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (317) 663-5100
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
____________________
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for at least the past 90 days.    Yes  ý     No   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer
¨
 
Accelerated filer
ý
 
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
¨

  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ¨   No   ý
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
Title of Each Class
Outstanding at August 1, 2016
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
25,819,020




Stonegate Mortgage Corporation
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
For the Period Ended June 30, 2016
Table of Contents
 
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



 PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Stonegate Mortgage Corporation
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)


(In thousands, except share and per share data)
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
30,466

 
$
32,463

Restricted cash
24,478

 
4,045

Mortgage loans held for sale, at fair value
638,035

 
645,696

Servicing advances, net
21,722

 
19,374

Derivative assets
19,518

 
12,160

Mortgage servicing rights, at fair value
132,813

 
199,637

Property and equipment, net
18,505

 
22,923

Loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA
92,892

 
80,794

Warehouse lending receivables
202,080

 
199,215

Goodwill and other intangible assets, net
6,660

 
6,902

Subordinated loan receivable
30,000

 
30,000

Other assets
28,876

 
27,417

Total assets
$
1,246,045

 
$
1,280,626

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
Secured borrowings - mortgage loans
366,817

 
492,799

Secured borrowings - mortgage servicing rights
61,969

 
77,069

Secured borrowings - eligible GNMA loan repurchases
31,652

 
37,615

Mortgage repurchase borrowings
413,100

 
279,421

Warehouse lines of credit
235

 
1,306

Operating lines of credit
9,412

 
5,000

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
22,797

 
23,544

Derivative liabilities
13,369

 
2,517

Reserve for mortgage repurchases and indemnifications
6,301

 
5,536

Liability for loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA
92,892

 
80,794

Deferred income tax liabilities, net
696

 
2,364

Other liabilities
19,193

 
11,033

Total liabilities
$
1,038,433

 
$
1,018,998

 
 
 
 
Commitments and contingencies - Note 14


 


 
 
 
 
Stockholders’ equity
 
 
 
Common stock, par value $0.01, shares authorized – 100,000,000; shares issued: 25,868,393 and outstanding: 25,819,020 at June 30, 2016; shares issued: 25,845,566 and outstanding: 25,796,193 at December 31, 2015
264

 
264

Additional paid-in capital
271,565

 
270,906
Retained earnings
(64,217
)
 
(9,542
)
Total stockholders’ equity
207,612

 
261,628
 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
1,246,045

 
$
1,280,626



See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

3


Stonegate Mortgage Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)

 
(In thousands, except per share data)
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Revenues 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
28,314

 
$
41,220

 
$
51,435

 
$
86,221

Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation
(17,927
)
 
17,753

 
(53,647
)
 
(6,437
)
Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights
(10,148
)
 
(11,322
)
 
(17,396
)
 
(25,088
)
Loan origination and other loan fees
5,473

 
6,465

 
9,935

 
11,812

Loan servicing fees
13,712

 
12,611

 
27,158

 
26,950

Interest and other income
7,070

 
8,719

 
13,985

 
16,908

Total revenues 
26,494

 
75,446

 
31,470

 
110,366

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
23,551

 
32,547

 
46,777

 
61,985

General and administrative expense
6,467

 
8,616

 
13,481

 
16,018

Interest expense
6,824

 
7,826

 
14,073

 
15,850

Occupancy, equipment and communication
4,050

 
4,041

 
8,298

 
8,266

Depreciation and amortization expense
2,725

 
1,672

 
5,271

 
3,382

Total expenses 
43,617

 
54,702

 
87,900

 
105,501

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) before income tax benefit
(17,123
)
 
20,744

 
(56,430
)
 
4,865

Income tax expense (benefit)
29

 
8,166

 
(1,755
)
 
1,841

Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax
(17,152
)
 
12,578

 
(54,675
)
 
3,024

(Loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(1,444
)
 

 
(3,009
)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
(17,152
)
 
11,134

 
$
(54,675
)
 
$
15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  From continuing operations
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.49

 
$
(2.12
)
 
$
0.12

  From discontinued operations
$

 
$
(0.06
)
 
$

 
$
(0.12
)
     Total basic earnings (loss) per share
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.43

$

$
(2.12
)
 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  From continuing operations
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.49

 
$
(2.12
)
 
$
0.12

  From discontinued operations
$

 
$
(0.06
)
 
$

 
$
(0.12
)
     Total diluted earnings (loss) per share
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.43

 
$
(2.12
)
 
$



See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
 

4


Stonegate Mortgage Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
(Unaudited)

 
(In thousands)
Preferred Stock
Common Stock
Treasury Stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Retained Earnings
Total Stockholders' Equity
 
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Balance at December 31, 2014

$

25,781

$
264

$

$
267,083

$
12,728

$
280,075

Net income






15

15

Stock-based compensation expense





1,645


1,645

Issuance of common stock


1






Balance at June 30, 2015

$

25,782

$
264

$

$
268,728

$
12,743

$
281,735

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2015

$

25,796

$
264

$

$
270,906

$
(9,542
)
$
261,628

Net loss






(54,675
)
(54,675
)
Stock-based compensation expense





659


659

Issuance of common stock


22






Balance at June 30, 2016

$

25,818

$
264

$

$
271,565

$
(64,217
)
$
207,612


See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

5


Stonegate Mortgage Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)

(In thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Operating activities
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
$
(54,675
)
 
$
15

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization expense
5,271

 
3,627

Loss on disposal and impairment of long lived assets
134

 
322

Amortization of debt issuance facility fees
793

 

Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
(51,435
)
 
(86,887
)
Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation
53,647

 
3,568

Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights
17,396

 
25,088

Provision for reserve for mortgage repurchases and indemnifications - change in estimate

 
523

Stock-based compensation expense
659

 
1,645

Income tax benefit
1,755

 
217

Change in fair value of contingent earn-out liabilities

 
34

   Payments of contingent earn-out liabilities in excess of original fair value estimate

 
(406
)
Proceeds from sales and principal payments of mortgage loans held for sale
4,449,231

 
7,007,654

Originations and purchases of mortgage loans held for sale
(4,422,370
)
 
(6,919,039
)
Repurchases and indemnifications of previously sold loans
(11,936
)
 
(25,167
)
Repurchases of eligible GNMA loans
(2,207
)
 

Principal payments on eligible GNMA loans
2,965

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Restricted cash
(20,433
)
 
3,982

Servicing advances
3,402

 
2,402

Warehouse lending receivables
(2,865
)
 
(68,991
)
Other assets
(11,634
)
 
(1,480
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
(2,427
)
 
7,795

Other liabilities
8,449

 
9,345

Net cash used in operating activities
(36,280
)
 
(35,753
)
Investing activities
 
 
 
Net proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights
45,967

 
40,455

Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
61

 

Purchases of property and equipment
(989
)
 
(8,426
)
Capitalized long-lived assets
(416
)
 

Purchase of mortgage servicing rights

 
(86
)
Net cash provided by investing activities
44,623

 
31,943

Financing activities
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings under mortgage funding arrangements - mortgage loans and operating lines of credit
6,933,392

 
9,893,422

Repayments of borrowings under mortgage funding arrangements - mortgage loans and operating lines of credit
(6,928,318
)
 
(9,889,004
)
Proceeds from borrowings under mortgage funding arrangements - MSRs
52,000

 
14,000

Repayments of borrowings under mortgage funding arrangements - MSRs
(67,100
)
 
(9,912
)
Payments of contingent earn-out liabilities not exceeding original fair value estimate
(288
)
 
(864
)
Payments of debt issuance costs
(26
)
 
(676
)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
(10,340
)
 
6,966

 
 
 
 
Change in cash and cash equivalents
(1,997
)
 
3,156

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
32,463

 
45,382

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
30,466

 
$
48,538

 
 
 
 
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
 
 
 
Cash paid for interest
$
14,454

 
$
16,492

Cash paid for taxes
$
96

 
$
574



See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

6


Stonegate Mortgage Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2016
(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data or As Otherwise Stated Herein)

1. Organization and Operations
    
References to the terms “we”, “our”, “us”, “Stonegate” or the “Company” used throughout these Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements refer to Stonegate Mortgage Corporation and, unless the context otherwise requires, its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Company was initially incorporated in the State of Indiana in January 2005. As a result of an acquisition and subsequent merger with Swain Mortgage Company ("Swain") in 2009, the Company is now an Ohio corporation. The Company’s headquarters is in Indianapolis, Indiana.
    
The Company is a leading, non-bank mortgage company focused on originating, financing, and servicing U.S. residential mortgage loans that operates as an intermediary between residential mortgage borrowers and the ultimate investors of these mortgages. The Company’s integrated and scalable residential mortgage banking platform includes a diversified origination business which includes a retail branch network, a direct to consumer call center and a network of third party originators consisting of mortgage brokers, mortgage bankers and financial institutions (banks and credit unions). The Company predominantly sells mortgage loans to the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae” or “FNMA”), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac” or “FHLMC”), financial institution secondary market investors and the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae” or “GNMA”) as pools of mortgage backed securities (“MBS”). Both FNMA and FHLMC are considered government-sponsored enterprises ("GSEs"), for which the Company may perform servicing of U.S. residential mortgage loans. The Company also provides warehouse financing through its NattyMac, LLC subsidiary to third party correspondent lenders. The Company’s principal sources of revenue include (i) gains on sales of mortgage loans from loan securitizations and whole loan sales and fee income from originations, (ii) fee income from loan servicing, and (iii) fee and net interest and other income from its financing facilities and warehouse lending business. The Company operates in three segments: Originations, Servicing and Financing. This determination is based on the Company’s current organizational structure, which reflects the manner in which the chief operating decision maker evaluates the performance of the business.

2. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Stonegate and its subsidiaries and have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The Company has omitted certain financial disclosures that would substantially duplicate the disclosures in its audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, unless the information contained in those disclosures materially changed or is required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2015 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 have been recorded. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2016. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 included in its 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
During 2015, the Company decided to dispose of certain retail branches, or components of its Originations segment, and the assets associated with them, either through sale or disposal other than by sale. The Company has determined that the disposal of these retail branches met the criteria for presentation and disclosure as discontinued operations. Additional lines of detail in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for 2015 have been presented to reflect the remaining operations of the Company. In addition, certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Discontinued operation amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 are immaterial and are therefore not being presented separately.
During 2015, the Company identified immaterial errors in its previously issued Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. These immaterial errors impacted the line items “Proceeds from borrowings under mortgage funding arrangements - mortgage loans and operating lines of credit” and “Repayments of borrowings under mortgage funding arrangements - mortgage loans and operating lines of credit” in an exact offsetting manner, such that the subtotal “Net cash provided by

7


financing activities” was not misstated. For the six months ended June 30, 2015, the offsetting misstatement was a decrease of $1,928,048.

In the normal course of business, companies in the mortgage banking industry encounter certain economic and regulatory risks. Economic risks include interest rate risk and credit risk. In an interest rate cycle in which rates decline over an extended period of time, the Company's mortgage origination activities’ results of operations could be positively impacted by higher loan origination volumes and gain on sale margins. In contrast, the Company's results of operations of its mortgage servicing activities could decline due to higher actual and projected loan prepayments related to its loan servicing portfolio. In an interest rate cycle in which rates rise over an extended period of time, the Company's mortgage origination activities' results of operations could be negatively impacted and its mortgage servicing activities’ results of operations could be positively impacted. Credit risk is the risk of default that may result from the borrowers’ inability or unwillingness to make contractually required payments during the period in which loans are being held for sale. The Company manages these various risks through a variety of policies and procedures, such as the hedging of the loans held for sale and interest rate lock commitments using forward sales of MBS, such as To Be Announced (“TBA”) securities, designed to quantify and mitigate the operational and financial risk to the Company to the extent possible. Specifically, the Company engages in hedging of interest rate risk of its mortgage loans held for sale and interest rate lock commitments with the use of TBA securities.

The Company sells loans to investors without recourse. As such, the investors have assumed the risk of loss or default by the borrower. However, the Company is usually required by these investors to make certain standard representations and warranties relating to credit information, loan documentation, collateral and regulatory compliance. To the extent that the Company does not comply with such representations, the Company may be required to repurchase the loans or indemnify these investors for any losses from borrower defaults. The Company performs due diligence prior to funding mortgage loans as part of its loan underwriting process, whereby the Company analyzes credit, collateral and compliance risk of all loans in an effort to ensure the mortgage loans meet the investors’ standards. However, if a loan is repurchased, the Company could incur a loss as part of recording such loan at fair value, which may be less than the amount paid to purchase the loan. In addition, if loans pay off within a specified time frame, the Company may be required to refund a portion of the sales proceeds to the investors.

The Company’s business requires substantial cash to support its operating activities. As a result, the Company is dependent on its lines of credit and other financing facilities in order to fund its continued operations. If the Company’s principal lenders decided to terminate or not to renew any of these credit facilities with the Company, the loss of borrowing capacity would have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial statements unless the Company found a suitable alternative source of financing.

Recent Accounting Developments:

ASU No. 2016-01 "Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities" was issued in January 2016. The amendments in this update require an entity to: (i) measure equity investments at fair value through net income, with certain exceptions; (ii) present in other comprehensive income the changes in instrument-specific credit risk for financial liabilities measured using the fair value option; (iii) present financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset; (iv) calculate the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes based on an exit price and; (v) assess a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to unrealized losses of available for sale debt securities in combination with other deferred tax assets. The update provides an election to subsequently measure certain non-marketable equity investments at cost less any impairment and adjusted for certain observable price changes. The update also requires a qualitative impairment assessment of such equity investments and amends certain fair value disclosure requirements. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2018. The Company does not expect the adoption of the new guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)" was issued in February 2016. This update amends various aspects of existing guidance for leases and requires additional disclosures about leasing arrangements. It will require companies to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP. Topic 842 retains a distinction between finance leases and operating leases. The classification criteria for distinguishing between finance leases and operating leases are substantially similar to the classification criteria for distinguishing between capital leases and operating leases in the previous leases guidance. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2019 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on its financial statements.

ASU 2016-05, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)" was issued in March 2016. This update relates to "Novation," replacing one of the parties to a derivative financial instrument with a new party. The issue is whether this change results in a requirement to dedesignate that hedging relationship and therefore discontinue the application of hedge accounting. The

8


amendments apply to hedging instruments under Topic 815. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2017 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on its financial statements.

ASU 2016-06, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)" was issued in March 2016. The amendments in this update clarify the requirements for assessing whether contingent call (put) options that accelerate the payment of principal on debt instruments are clearly and closely related to their debt hosts. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2017 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on its financial statements.

ASU 2016-07, "Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures" was issued March 2016. The amendments in this Update affect all entities that have an investment that becomes qualified for the equity method of accounting as a result in the increase in the level of ownership interest. The amendments eliminates requirements for the investor to adjust the financials retroactively for previous periods. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2017 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on its financial statements.

ASU 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" was issued March 2016. This amendment is related to Updates 2014-09 and 2015-14. This amendment affects entities with transactions within the scope of Topic 606. The core principal of Topic 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects consideration that the entity expects to receive. The amendment clarifies the implementation guidance on principal vs. agent considerations. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2018 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on its financial statements.

ASU 2016-09, "Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718)" was issued March 2016. The amendments in this Update affect all entities that issue share-based payment awards to their employees. The amendments simplify the accounting in various aspects for these type of transactions: i.e. Accounting for Income Taxes, Excess tax benefits on the Statements of Cash Flows, Forfeitures, Employee taxes and Intrinsic Value. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2017 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on its financial statements.

ASU 2016-10, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" was issued April 2016. This amendment is related to Updates 2014-09 and 2015-14, and 2016-08 below This amendment affects entities with transactions within the scope of Topic 606. The core principal of Topic 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects consideration that the entity expects to receive. The amendment clarifies the implementation guidance on identifying performance obligations and the licensing provisions of the guidance. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2018 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on its financial statements.

ASU 2016-12, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients" was issued May 2016. This amendment is related to Updates 2014-09 and 2015-14. This amendment affects entities with transactions within the scope of Topic 606. The core principal of Topic 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects consideration that the entity expects to receive. The amendment clarifies the implementation guidance on Assessing Collectibility, Presentation of Sales Tax, Non-Cash Consideration, Contract Modifications, Completed Contracts and technical corrections. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2018 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on its financial statements.

ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" was issued June 2016. This update is to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit. The amendments replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with one that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of information to estimate credit losses. Previously, when credit losses were measured under GAAP, an entity generally only considered past events and current conditions in measuring the incurred loss. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2020 and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on its financial statements.


3. Discontinued Operations

In 2015, the Company made the decision to dispose of certain retail branches, or components of its Originations segment, either by sale or closure to better manage the expenses associated with retail originations. The Company completed the closure of sixty-two of its retail branches and sale of additional fourteen retail branches as of December 31, 2015. Under the new guidance of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-08, the Company determined that the disposal of these retail
branches represented a major strategic shift in its operations and, therefore, should be presented and disclosed as discontinued operations. There were no new additional material discontinued operations during the period ended June 30, 2016, however, transactions related to the 2015 discontinued operations are reflected below.

The results of 2015 discontinued operations are summarized below:

 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Total revenues
$
11,997

 
$
21,396

Total expenses
14,297

 
26,029

Income (loss) before income taxes
(2,300
)
 
(4,633
)
Income tax expense
(856
)
 
(1,624
)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
$
(1,444
)
 
$
(3,009
)

Total expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 includes salaries, commissions and benefits expense of $10,372 and $18,882, general and administrative expense of $1,390 and $2,520 and occupancy, equipment and communication expense of $1,892 and $3,528.

Cash flows from discontinued operations related to depreciation expense and capital expenditures were $174 and $383 for the three months ended June 30, 2015, respectively. Cash flows from discontinued operations related to depreciation expense and capital expenditures were $245 and $565 for the six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.

    

4. (Loss) Earnings Per Share

The following is a reconciliation of net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders and a table summarizing the basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share calculations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:


9


 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Net (loss) income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax
$
(17,152
)
 
$
12,578

 
$
(54,675
)
 
$
3,024

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
$

 
$
(1,444
)
 
$

 
$
(3,009
)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
$
(17,152
)
 
$
11,134

 
$
(54,675
)
 
$
15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share – weighted average common shares outstanding
25,818

 
25,782

 
25,811

 
25,781

Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share
25,818

 
25,782

 
25,811

 
25,781

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   From continuing operations
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.49

 
$
(2.12
)
 
$
0.12

   From discontinued operations
$

 
$
(0.06
)
 
$

 
$
(0.12
)
Total earnings (loss) attributable to common stockholders
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.43

 
$
(2.12
)
 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   From continuing operations
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.49

 
$
(2.12
)
 
$
0.12

   From discontinued operations
$

 
$
(0.06
)
 
$

 
$
(0.12
)
Total earnings (loss) attributable to common stockholders
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.43

 
$
(2.12
)
 
$


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, weighted average shares of 743 and 680, respectively, were excluded from the denominator for diluted loss per share because the shares (which related to stock options, restricted stock units and stock warrants) were anti-dilutive. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, weighted average shares of 1,555 and 1,558, respectively, were excluded from the denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share because the shares (which related to stock options, restricted stock units and stock warrants) were anti-dilutive.


5. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company does not designate any of its derivative instruments as hedges for accounting purposes. The following summarizes the Company’s outstanding derivative instruments as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
Notional
 
Balance Sheet Location
 
Asset
 
(Liability)
Interest rate lock commitments
$
1,547,195

 
Derivative assets/liabilities
 
$
19,113

 
$
(86
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   MBS forward sales contracts
1,280,575

 
 
 
 
 
 
   MBS forward purchase contracts
617,700

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MBS forward trades
1,898,275

 
Derivative assets/liabilities
 
405

 
(13,283
)
Total derivative financial instruments
$
3,445,470

 
 
 
$
19,518

 
$
(13,369
)
December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
Notional
 
Balance Sheet Location
 
Asset
 
(Liability)
Interest rate lock commitments
$
1,169,768

 
Derivative assets/liabilities
 
$
10,596

 
$
(334
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   MBS forward sales contracts
1,705,995

 
 
 
 
 
 
   MBS forward purchase contracts
522,800

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MBS forward trades
2,228,795

 
Derivative assets/liabilities
 
1,564

 
(2,183
)
Total derivative financial instruments
$
3,398,563

 
 
 
$
12,160

 
$
(2,517
)


10


The following summarizes the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments and related changes in estimated fair value of mortgage loans held for sale on its consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Interest rate lock commitments
$
2,105

 
$
(14,562
)
 
$
8,765

 
$
1,541

MBS forward trades
(4,661
)
 
21,120

 
(12,259
)
 
19,116

Net derivative gains (losses)
$
(2,556
)
 
$
6,558

 
$
(3,494
)
 
$
20,657


The Company has exposure to credit loss in the event of contractual non-performance by its trading counterparties and counterparties to the over-the-counter derivative financial instruments that the Company uses in its interest rate risk management activities. The Company manages this credit risk by selecting only counterparties that the Company believes to be financially strong, spreading the credit risk among many such counterparties, by placing contractual limits on the amount of unsecured credit extended to any single counterparty and by entering into netting agreements with the counterparties, as appropriate.

The Company has entered into agreements with derivative counterparties, a portion of which include netting arrangements whereby the counterparties are entitled to settle their positions on a net basis. However, with respect to this portion of its derivatives, the Company presents such amounts on a gross basis as show in the table above. In certain circumstances, the Company is required to provide certain derivative counterparties collateral against derivative financial instruments. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, counterparties held $6,252 and $4,045, respectively, of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents in margin accounts as collateral (which is classified as "Restricted cash" on the Company's consolidated balance sheets), after which the Company was in a net credit loss position of $6,626 and a net credit gain position of $3,426 at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, to those counterparties. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company incurred no credit losses due to non-performance of any of its counterparties.

6. Mortgage Loans Held for Sale, at Fair Value

The following summarizes mortgage loans held for sale at fair value as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Conventional 1
$
223,250

 
$
230,438

Government insured 2
390,131

 
357,442

Non-agency/Other
24,654

 
57,816

Total mortgage loans held for sale, at fair value
$
638,035

 
$
645,696


1 Conventional includes FNMA and FHLMC mortgage loans, as well as mortgage loans to various housing agencies.
2 Government insured includes GNMA mortgage loans. GNMA portfolio balance is made up of Federal Housing Administration ("FHA"), Veterans Affairs ("VA"), and United States Department of Agriculture ("USDA") home loans, as well as mortgage loans to various housing agencies.

Under certain of the Company’s mortgage funding arrangements (including secured borrowings and warehouse lines of credit), the Company is required to pledge mortgage loans as collateral to secure borrowings. The mortgage loans pledged as collateral must equal at least 100% of the related outstanding borrowings under the mortgage funding arrangements. The outstanding borrowings are monitored and the Company is required to deliver additional collateral if the amount of the outstanding borrowings exceeds the fair value of the pledged mortgage loans. As of June 30, 2016, the Company had pledged $609,723 in fair value of mortgage loans held for sale as collateral to secure debt under its mortgage funding arrangements, with the remaining $28,312 of mortgage loans held for sale funded with the Company’s excess cash. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had pledged $611,926 in fair value of mortgage loans held for sale as collateral to secure debt under its mortgage funding arrangements, with the remaining $33,770 of mortgage loans held for sale funded with the Company's excess cash. The mortgage loans held as collateral by the respective lenders are restricted solely to satisfy the Company’s borrowings under those mortgage funding arrangements. Refer to Note 11 “Debt” for additional information related to the Company’s outstanding borrowings as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

The following are the fair values and related UPB due upon maturity for loans held for sale accounted under the fair value method as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
Fair Value
 
UPB
 
Fair Value
 
UPB
Current through 89 days delinquent
$
601,411

 
$
577,129

 
$
603,778

 
$
588,189

90 or more days delinquent1
36,624

 
38,549

 
41,918

 
42,918

Total
$
638,035

 
$
615,678

 
$
645,696

 
$
631,107

1 Includes $26,634 and $27,459 in fair value and related UPB, respectively, of eligible loans repurchased out of GNMA pools, as described in Note 8 - Fair Value Measurements, as of June 30, 2016, and $34,540 and $35,547 in fair value and related UPB, respectively, of eligible loans repurchased out of GNMA pools, as of December 31, 2015.


7. Mortgage Servicing Rights

The Company sells residential mortgage loans in the secondary market and typically retains the right to service the loans sold. Upon sale, the MSRs are capitalized as an asset, which represents the current fair value of the future net cash flows that are expected to be realized for performing servicing activities.
        
The Company’s total mortgage servicing portfolio as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 is summarized as follows (based on the unpaid principal balance ("UPB") of the underlying mortgage loans):
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
FNMA
$
3,161,080

 
$
5,468,904

GNMA:
 
 
 
    FHA
4,493,626

 
3,990,276

    VA
3,194,469

 
2,731,822

    USDA
918,676

 
805,783

FHLMC
2,279,967

 
4,449,796

Other Investors
90,079

 
74,150

Total mortgage servicing portfolio
$
14,137,897

 
$
17,520,731

 
 
 
 
MSRs balance
$
132,813

 
$
199,637

 
 
 
 
MSRs balance as a percentage of total mortgage servicing portfolio
0.94
%
 
1.14
%

A summary of the changes in the balance of MSRs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Balance at beginning of period
$
171,676

 
$
170,580

 
$
199,637

 
$
204,216

MSRs originated in connection with loan sales
27,585

 
46,541

 
48,731

 
81,124

MSRs sold and derecognized
(31,235
)
 
(17,277
)
 
(37,478
)
 
(47,427
)
Purchased MSRs

 

 

 
86

Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions1
(25,065
)
 
20,821

 
(60,681
)
 
(3,568
)
Actual portfolio runoff (payoffs and principal amortization)
(10,148
)
 
(11,322
)
 
(17,396
)
 
(25,088
)
Balance at end of period
$
132,813

 
$
209,343

 
$
132,813

 
$
209,343


1 Represents the unrealized portion of the "Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation" on the Company's consolidated statements of operations The Company realized $7,138 related to gains on the sale of MSRs and $3,068 related to losses on the sale of MSRs for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company realized $7,033 related to gains on the sale of MSRs and $2,869 related to losses on the sale of MSRs for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

In 2015, the Company entered into a flow sale agreement for the sale of MSRs in GNMA loans to an unrelated party. The sales occurred monthly during the covered period, from September 2015 through April 2016. The characteristics of the pools sold are similar to those associated with the Company's current GNMA production.

On June 30, 2016, the Company completed a bulk sale of MSRs with an underlying unpaid principal balance of $5.06 billion in FNMA and FHLMC loans to an unrelated party. This pool of MSRs had an average mortgage interest rates that were higher than current mortgage rates, and did not include any GNMA MSRs, which have a different historical performance than FNMA and FHLMC MSRs.

The Company performs temporary sub-servicing activities with respect to the pools of underlying loans described above through the established loan file transfer dates of each sale for a fee, during which time the Company is entitled to certain other ancillary income amounts. The Company uses the proceeds to reinvest back into newly originated MSRs through its origination platform. Each of these MSRs sale transactions met the criteria for derecognition as of their respective sale dates, allowing for the MSRs assets to be derecognized and a gain or loss to be recorded at the time of derecognition, based on the respective fair values as of the sale dates. The recognized gains or losses were recorded net of direct transaction expenses and estimated protection provisions.

The following table sets forth information related to outstanding loans sold as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 for which the Company has continuing involvement:

11


 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Total unpaid principal balance
$
14,137,897

 
$
17,520,731

Loans 30-89 days delinquent
$
320,555

 
$
307,736

Loans delinquent 90 or more days or in foreclosure
$
128,622

 
$
114,298

      
The key weighted average assumptions (or range of assumptions), based on market participant inputs for the industry, used in determining the fair value of the Company’s MSRs as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are as follows:
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Discount rates
9.25% - 11.00%

 
9.25% - 11.00%

Annual prepayment speeds (by investor type):
 
 
 
FNMA
17.6
%
 
13.0
%
GNMA:
 
 
 
    FHA
14.0
%
 
11.5
%
    VA
14.7
%
 
8.8
%
    USDA
14.9
%
 
10.5
%
FHLMC
15.6
%
 
11.6
%
  Other Investors
20.0
%
 
12.4
%
Cost of servicing (per loan)
$
90

 
$
85


MSRs are generally subject to loss in value when mortgage rates decrease. Decreasing mortgage rates normally encourage increased mortgage refinancing activity. Increased refinancing activity reduces the expected life of the loans underlying the MSRs, thereby reducing the MSRs value. Reductions in the value of MSRs affect income through changes in fair value. These factors have been considered in the estimated prepayment speed assumptions used to determine the fair value of the Company’s MSRs.

In addition to the assumptions provided above, the Company uses assumptions for delinquency rates in determining the fair value of MSRs. These assumptions are based primarily on internal estimates, and the Company also obtains third party data, where applicable, to assess the reasonableness of its internal assumptions.  The Company's assumptions for lifetime delinquency rates for FNMA, GNMA, FHLMC and Other Investors mortgage loans as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are as follows:
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
FNMA
3.97%
 
4.01%
GNMA:
 
 
 
    FHA
6.52%
 
6.58%
    VA
6.41%
 
6.52%
    USDA
6.47%
 
6.53%
FHLMC
3.91%
 
3.94%
Other Investors
6.33%
 
6.37%
        
The delinquency rates represent the Company’s estimate of the loans that will eventually enter delinquency over the entire term of the portfolio’s life.  These assumptions affect the future cost to service loans, future revenue earned from the portfolio, and future assumed foreclosure losses.  Because the Company’s portfolio is generally comprised of recent vintages, actual future delinquencies may differ from the Company’s assumptions.


12


The hypothetical effect of an adverse change in these key assumptions would result in a decrease in the fair values of MSRs as follows as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
June 30, 2016
 
% of Average Portfolio
 
December 31, 2015
 
% of Average Portfolio
Discount rates:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impact of discount rate + 1%
$
(4,988
)
 
4
%
 
$
(8,578
)
 
4
%
Impact of discount rate + 2%
$
(9,615
)
 
7
%
 
$
(16,470
)
 
8
%
Impact of discount rate + 3%
$
(13,915
)
 
10
%
 
$
(23,753
)
 
12
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prepayment speeds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impact of prepayment speed * 105%
$
(4,433
)
 
3
%
 
$
(5,502
)
 
3
%
Impact of prepayment speed * 110%
$
(8,669
)
 
7
%
 
$
(10,792
)
 
5
%
Impact of prepayment speed * 120%
$
(16,595
)
 
12
%
 
$
(20,778
)
 
10
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of servicing:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impact of cost of servicing * 105%
$
(1,008
)
 
1
%
 
$
(1,365
)
 
1
%
Impact of cost of servicing * 110%
$
(2,016
)
 
2
%
 
$
(2,731
)
 
1
%
Impact of cost of servicing * 120%
$
(4,033
)
 
3
%
 
$
(5,462
)
 
3
%

As the table demonstrates, the Company’s methodology for estimating the fair value of MSRs is sensitive to changes in assumptions. For example, actual prepayment experience may differ and any difference may have a material effect on MSRs fair value. Changes in fair value resulting from changes in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the MSRs is calculated without changing any other assumption; in reality, changes in one factor may be associated with changes in another (for example, decreases in market interest rates may indicate higher prepayments; however, this may be partially offset by lower prepayments due to other factors such as a borrower’s diminished opportunity to refinance), which may magnify or counteract the sensitivities. Thus, any measurement of MSRs fair value is limited by the conditions existing and assumptions made as of a particular point in time. Those assumptions may not be appropriate if they are applied to a different point in time.
    
Under certain of the Company's secured borrowing arrangements, the Company is required to pledge mortgage servicing rights as collateral to the secured borrowings. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had pledged $132,337 and $199,007, respectively, in fair value of mortgage servicing rights as collateral to secure debt under certain of its secured borrowing arrangements. Refer to Note 11 “Debt” for additional information related to the Company’s outstanding borrowings as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

The following is a summary of the components of loan servicing fees as reported in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Contractual servicing fees
$
13,051

 
$
11,842

 
$
25,756

 
$
25,370

Late fees
661

 
769

 
1,402

 
1,580

Loan servicing fees
$
13,712

 
$
12,611

 
$
27,158

 
$
26,950

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Servicing fees as a percentage of average portfolio (annualized)
0.32
%
 
0.30
%
 
0.31
%
 
0.31
%

8. Fair Value Measurements

The Company uses fair value measurements in fair value disclosures and to record certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, such as mortgage loans held for sale, derivative financial instruments, MSRs and loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA, or on a nonrecurring basis, such as when measuring intangible assets and long-lived assets. The Company has elected fair value accounting for loans held for sale to more closely align the Company’s accounting with its interest rate risk strategies without having to apply the operational complexities of hedge accounting.

The Company groups its assets and liabilities at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

13


Level Input:
Input Definition:
Level 1
Unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2
Prices determined using other significant observable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that other market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. These may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk and others.
Level 3
Prices determined using significant unobservable inputs. In situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity), unobservable inputs may be used. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company's own assumptions about the factors that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, and are based on the best information available in the circumstances.

An asset or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those used by other market participants, the use of different methods or assumptions to estimate the fair value of certain financial statement items could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. Those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market for such items existed, or had such items been liquidated, and those differences could be material to the consolidated financial statements.

Management incorporates lack of liquidity into its fair value estimates based on the type of asset or liability measured and the valuation method used. The Company uses discounted cash flow techniques to estimate fair value. These techniques incorporate forecasting of expected cash flows discounted at appropriate market discount rates that are intended to reflect the lack of liquidity in the market.

The following describes the methods used in estimating the fair values of certain financial statement items:

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale: The majority of the Company's mortgage loans held for sale at fair value are saleable
into the secondary mortgage markets and their fair values are estimated using observable quoted market or contracted prices or
market price equivalents, which would be used by other market participants. These saleable loans are considered Level 2. A smaller portion of the Company's mortgage loans held for sale consist of 1) loans deemed non-saleable prior to sale to the GSEs; 2) loans repurchased from the GSEs that have subsequently been deemed to be non-saleable to GSEs when certain representations and warranties are breached; and 3) loans actually repurchased from GNMA securities pursuant to the Company's unilateral right, as servicer, to repurchase such GNMA loans it had previously sold. The fair values of the loans deemed non-saleable to the GSEs are estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis with significant unobservable inputs, such as prepayment speeds, default rates, the spread between bid and ask prices and loss severities, which are identified as Level 3 inputs. Loans repurchased from GNMA pools are estimated in the manner described in the Loans Eligible for Repurchase from GNMA discussion below. These loans are also considered Level 3.

Derivative Financial Instruments: The Company estimates the fair value of interest rate lock commitments based on the value of the underlying mortgage loan, quoted MBS prices, estimates of the fair value of the MSRs and an estimate of the probability that the mortgage loan will fund within the terms of the interest rate lock commitment, net of commission expenses. The Company estimates the fair value of forward sales commitments based on quoted MBS prices. With respect to its IRLCs, management determined that a Level 3 classification was most appropriate based on the various significant unobservable inputs utilized in estimating the fair value of its IRLCs.

Mortgage Servicing Rights: The Company uses a discounted cash flow approach to estimate the fair value of MSRs. This approach consists of projecting servicing cash flows discounted at a rate that management believes market participants would use in their determinations of value. The Company obtains valuations from an independent third party on a monthly basis, to support the reasonableness of the fair value estimate generated by the internal model. Therefore, the Company classifies MSRs as Level 3. The key assumptions used in the estimation of the fair value of MSRs include prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, cost to service, contractual servicing fees and escrow earnings. In valuing the fair value of MSRs, the Company uses a forward yield curve as an input which will impact pre-pay estimates and the value of escrows as compared to a flat rate environment. The Company believes that the use of the forward yield curve better represents fair value of MSRs because the forward yield curve is the market’s expectation of future interest rates based on its expectation of inflation and other economic conditions.

14



Loans Eligible for Repurchase from GNMA: The Company uses a liquidation based discounted cash flow analysis to estimate the fair value of the assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for certain delinquent government guaranteed or insured mortgage loans from GNMA guaranteed pools in its servicing portfolio. Therefore, the Company classifies loans from GNMA as Level 3. The Company's right to purchase such loans arises as the result of the borrower's failure to make payments for at least 90 days preceding the month of repurchase by the Company and provides an alternative to the Company's obligation to continue advancing principal and interest at the coupon rate of the related GNMA security. The key assumptions used in the discounted cash flow analysis include the Company's historical ability to make the GNMA loan salable, by becoming current either through the borrower's performance or through completion of a modification of the loan's terms, and the Company's historical ability to receive insurance reimbursements for related claims filed.

The following are the major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2016:
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage loans held for sale
$

 
$
550,083

 
$

 
$
550,083

Mortgage loans held for sale - non-saleable to GSEs

 

 
57,527

 
57,527

Mortgage loans held for sale - repurchased GNMA loans

 

 
30,425

 
30,425

Derivative assets (IRLCs)

 

 
19,113

 
19,113

Derivative assets (MBS forward trades)

 
405

 

 
405

MSRs

 

 
132,813

 
132,813

Loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA
$

 
$

 
$
92,892

 
92,892

Total assets
$

 
$
550,488

 
$
332,770

 
$
883,258

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative liabilities (IRLCs)
$

 
$

 
$
86

 
$
86

Derivative liabilities (MBS forward trades)

 
13,283

 

 
13,283

Liability for loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA

 

 
92,892

 
92,892

Total liabilities
$

 
$
13,283

 
$
92,978

 
$
106,261


The following are the major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2015:
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage loans held for sale
$

 
$
549,561

 
$

 
$
549,561

Mortgage loans held for sale - non-saleable to GSEs

 

 
58,799

 
58,799

Mortgage loans held for sale - repurchased GNMA loans

 

 
37,336

 
37,336

Derivative assets (IRLCs)

 

 
10,596

 
10,596

Derivative assets (MBS forward trades)

 
1,564

 

 
1,564

MSRs

 

 
199,637

 
199,637

Loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA

 

 
80,794

 
80,794

Total assets
$

 
$
551,125

 
$
387,162

 
$
938,287

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative liabilities (IRLCs)
$

 
$

 
$
334

 
$
334

Derivative liabilities (MBS forward trades)

 
2,183

 

 
2,183

Liability for loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA

 

 
80,794

 
80,794

Total liabilities
$

 
$
2,183

 
$
81,128

 
$
83,311


A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the Company’s assets and liabilities classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015 are as follows:


15


 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - non-saleable to GSEs
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Repurchased GNMA Loans
Derivative Assets
Derivative Liabilities
Loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA
Liability for loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA
Balance at beginning of period
$
58,799

$
37,336

$
10,596

$
334

$
80,794

$
80,794

Changes in fair value recognized in earnings
1,733

263

8,517

(248
)
(787
)
(787
)
Purchases
11,444

2,207





Sales
(22,646
)
(4,321
)


(2,207
)
(2,207
)
Issuances






Settlements
(16,110
)
(2,964
)


15,092

15,092

Transfers into Level 31
24,307

(1,832
)




Transfers out of Level 32

(264
)




Balance at end of period
$
57,527

$
30,425

$
19,113

$
86

$
92,892

$
92,892

1 On an ongoing basis, for Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - non-saleable to GSEs measured at fair value, transfers into Level 3 represent those deemed unsaleable to GSEs in the current period. For Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Repurchased GNMA Loans, purchases represent those sales out of Loans Eligible for Repurchase from GNMA, and the related liability, in the current period. For the Company's Derivative Financial Instruments, transfers into Level 3 represent interest rate lock commitments. Transfers between levels are deemed to have occurred on the last day of the quarter in which a change in classification is determined.

2 On an ongoing basis, for Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Repurchased GNMA Loans, transfers out of Level 3 represent those which the Company has made saleable.

 
Year Ended December 31, 2015
 
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - non-saleable to GSEs
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Repurchased GNMA Loans
Derivative Assets
Derivative Liabilities
Loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA
Liability for loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA
Balance at beginning of period
$

$

$

$

$
109,397

$
109,397

Changes in fair value recognized in earnings
(5,580
)
(1,089
)


(2,314
)
(2,314
)
Purchases
45,688

40,209





Sales
(5,581
)
(1,560
)


(40,209
)
(40,209
)
Issuances






Settlements
(19,750
)
(1,204
)


13,920

13,920

Transfers into Level 31
45,308

1,286

10,596

334



Transfers out of Level 32
(1,286
)
(306
)




Balance at end of period
$
58,799

$
37,336

$
10,596

$
334

$
80,794

$
80,794


1 On an ongoing basis, for Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - non-saleable to GSEs measured at fair value, transfers into Level 3 represent those deemed unsaleable to GSEs in the current period. For Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Repurchased GNMA Loans, purchases represent those sales out of Loans Eligible for Repurchase from GNMA and the related liability, in the current period. For the Company's Derivative Financial Instruments, transfers into Level 3 represent interest rate lock commitments. Management determined in 2015 that a Level 3 classification was most appropriate based on the various significant unobservable inputs utilized in estimating the fair value of its IRLCs. Transfers between levels are deemed to have occurred on the last day of the quarter in which a change in classification is determined.

2 On an ongoing basis, for Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Repurchased GNMA Loans, transfers out of Level 3 represent those which the Company has made saleable.


16


Refer to Note 7, "Mortgage Servicing Rights", for a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the period ending June 30, 2016, as well as a discussion of significant observable inputs related to the Company's MSRs and relative ranges of those used in determining their fair value.


9. Other Assets

The following summarizes other assets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Receivables from MSRs sales, interest and loan related payments, net
$
23,350

 
$
18,739

Prepaid expenses
3,656

 
5,990

Real estate owned, net 1
903

 
1,446

Deposits
526

 
801

Miscellaneous
441

 
441

Total other assets
$
28,876

 
$
27,417

1 Real estate owned assets are reflected at their net realizable value.
10. Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets

Residential mortgage loans are primarily sold to FNMA or FHLMC or transferred into pools of GNMA MBS. The Company has continuing involvement in mortgage loans sold through servicing arrangements and the liability for loan indemnifications and repurchases under the representations and warranties it makes to the investors and insurers of the loans it sells. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk through its continuing involvement with mortgage loans sold, including the MSRs, as the value of the asset fluctuates as changes in interest rates impact borrower prepayment.

The Company also sells non-agency residential mortgage loans to non-GSE third parties generally without retaining the servicing rights to such loans.

All loans are sold on a non-recourse basis; however, certain representations and warranties have been made that are customary for loan sale transactions, including eligibility characteristics of the mortgage loans and underwriting responsibilities, in connection with the sales of these assets.

In order to facilitate the origination and sale of mortgage loans held for sale, the Company entered into various agreements with warehouse lenders. Such agreements are in the form of loan participations and repurchase agreements with banks and other financial institutions. Mortgage loans held for sale are considered sold when the Company surrenders control over the financial assets and such financial assets are legally isolated from the Company in the event of bankruptcy. If the sale criteria are not met, the transfer is recorded as a secured borrowing in which the assets remain on the balance sheet and the proceeds from the transaction are recognized as a liability. From time to time, the Company may sell loans whereby the underlying risks and cash flows of the mortgage loan have been transferred to a third party through the issuance of participating interests. The terms and conditions of these interests are governed by the participation agreements. The Company will receive a marketing fee paid by the participating entity upon completion of the sale. In addition, the Company will also subservice the underlying mortgage loans to the participation agreement for the period that the participating interests are outstanding. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, all transfers pursuant to our mortgage funding arrangements (the collective term for the Company's mortgage loan participation, warehouse lines of credit, repurchase and other credit arrangements) are accounted for by the Company as secured borrowings.

The following table sets forth information regarding cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 relating to loan sales in which the Company has continuing involvement:

17


 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Proceeds from new loan sales 1
$
4,293,688

 
$
6,352,386

Proceeds from loan servicing fees
$
27,158

 
$
25,510

Cash outflows for servicing advances
$
3,402

 
$
2,402

Cash outflows for repurchases and indemnifications of previously sold loans
$
11,444

 
$
25,167

Cash outflows for repurchases of eligible GNMA loans2
$
2,207

 
$


1 Represents proceeds from sales and excludes payments received from borrowers.
2 Represents loans repurchased by the Company out of GNMA pools in connection with its unilateral right, as servicer, to repurchase such GNMA loans it has previously sold (generally loans that are more than 90 days past due).
    

11. Debt

Borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are as follows:
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Weighted Average Interest Rate




Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted Average Interest Rate
Secured borrowings - mortgage loans
$
366,817

 
4.04%
1 
$
492,799

 
4.16%
Secured borrowings - eligible GNMA loan repurchases
31,652

 
3.18%
2 
37,615

 
3.17%
Mortgage repurchase borrowings
413,100

 
2.16%
 
279,421

 
2.47%
Warehouse lines of credit
235

 
4.25%
 
1,306

 
4.25%
Secured borrowings - mortgage servicing rights
61,969

 
4.75%
 
77,069

 
5.58%
Operating lines of credit
9,412

 
4.00%
 
5,000

 
4.00%
Total mortgage funding arrangements and operating lines of credit
$
883,185

 
 
 
$
893,210

 
 

1 The Company’s costs for secured borrowings on mortgage loans are shown in the table above based on the average underlying mortgage rates. These costs are reduced by earnings and fees specific to each of the secured borrowing facilities.
2 The Company's costs for financing GNMA loan repurchases under this funding arrangement (remittance rate) is based on a borrowing rate over and above the debenture rate, which is set on each loan by HUD at a required spread to the constant maturity ten-year treasury at that point in time.

The Company maintains mortgage loan participation, warehouse lines of credit, repurchase and other credit arrangements listed above (collectively referred to as “mortgage funding arrangements”) with various financial institutions, primarily to fund the origination and purchase of mortgage loans. As of June 30, 2016, the Company held mortgage funding arrangements with six separate financial institutions and a total maximum borrowing capacity of $1,777,000, including the operating lines of credit and funding arrangement for GNMA loan repurchases. Except for our operating lines of credit, each mortgage funding arrangement is collateralized by the underlying mortgage loans. Separately, the Company had two mortgage funding arrangements for the funding of MSRs, each of which is collateralized by the MSRs pledged to the respective facilities.

The following tables summarize the amounts outstanding, interest rates and maturity dates under the Company’s various mortgage funding arrangements as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

18


As of June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage Funding Arrangements1 
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Maximum Borrowing Capacity
 
Interest Rate



Maturity Date
 
Merchants Bank of Indiana - Participation Agreement
 
$
107,605

 
$
600,000

2 
Same as the underlying mortgage rates, less contractual service fee
 
July 2016
 
Merchants Bank of Indiana - NattyMac Funding
 
259,212

 

3 
Same as the underlying mortgage rates, less 49% of facility earnings
 
March 2017
 
      Total secured borrowings - mortgage loans
 
366,817

 
600,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guaranty Bank
 
31,652

 
50,000

 
Coupon rate of underlying loans, less debenture rate
6 
N/A
7 
      Total secured borrowings - eligible GNMA loan repurchases
 
31,652

 
50,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Barclays Bank PLC
 
56,940

 
300,000

 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
December 2016
 
Bank of America, N.A.
 
223,658

 
550,000

5 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
July 2016
 
EverBank
 
58,310

 
125,000

 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
November 2016
 
Wells Fargo
 
74,192

 
140,000

 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
January 2017
 
      Total mortgage repurchase borrowings
 
413,100

 
1,115,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Merchants Bank of Indiana - Warehouse Line of Credit
 
235

 
2,000

 
Prime plus 1.00%
 
July 2016
 
      Total warehouse lines of credit
 
235

 
2,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Barclays Bank PLC - MSRs Secured
 
11,879

 

4 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
December 2016
 
EverBank - MSRs Secured
 
50,090

 

8 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
November 2016
 
       Total secured borrowings - MSRs
 
61,969

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
873,773

 
1,767,000

 
 
 
 
 

1 Does not include our operating lines of credit for which we have a maximum borrowing capacity of $10,000.
2 Merchants Bank of Indiana will periodically limit or expand the aggregate maximum borrowing capacity. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the most the aggregate borrowing capacity was limited or expanded approximated $550,000 or $700,000, respectively. At June 30, 2016, the aggregate maximum borrowing capacity was $600,000.
3 The maximum borrowing capacity is a sublimit of the Merchants Participation Agreement maximum borrowing capacity referred to in Note 2 above.
4 Governed by the Barclays Bank PLC maximum borrowing capacity of $300,000, with a MSR sub-limit of $60,000.
5 The Bank of America maximum borrowing includes $250,000 of mortgage repurchase and $300,000 of mortgage gestation repurchase facilities.
6 Borrowing carries an interest rate of the coupon rate of the underlying mortgage loans, less the debenture rate funded by Guaranty Bank.
7 Borrowing matures no later than four years from the date of most recent purchase from GNMA pools.
8 Governed by the EverBank maximum borrowing capacity of $125,000, with a MSR sub-limit of $60,000.





19


As of December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage Funding Arrangements1 
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Maximum Borrowing Capacity
 
Interest Rate



Maturity Date
 
Merchants Bank of Indiana - Participation Agreement
 
$
169,589

 
$
600,000

2 
Same as the underlying mortgage rates, less contractual service fee
 
July 2016
 
Merchants Bank of Indiana - NattyMac Funding
 
323,210

 

3 
Same as the underlying mortgage rates, less 49% of facility earnings
 
March 2017
 
      Total secured borrowings - mortgage loans
 
492,799

 
600,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guaranty Bank
 
37,615

 
50,000

 
Coupon rate of underlying loans, less debenture rate
7 
N/A
8 
      Total secured borrowings - eligible GNMA loan repurchases
 
37,615

 
50,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Barclays Bank PLC
 
45,956

 
300,000

 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
December 2016
 
Bank of America, N.A.
 
184,804

 
700,000

4 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
June 2016
 
EverBank
 

 
150,000

 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
November 2016
 
Wells Fargo Bank N.A.
 
48,661

 
140,000

 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
January 2017
 
      Total mortgage repurchase borrowings
 
279,421

 
1,290,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Merchants Bank of Indiana - Warehouse Line of Credit
 
1,306

 
2,000

 
Prime plus 1.00%
 
July 2016
 
      Total warehouse lines of credit
 
1,306

 
2,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Barclays Bank PLC - MSRs Secured
 
58,979

 

5 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
December 2015
 
EverBank - MSRs Secured
 
18,090

 

6 
LIBOR plus applicable margin
 
June 2017
 
       Total secured borrowings - MSRs
 
$
77,069

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
888,210

 
$
1,942,000

 
 
 
 
 

1 Does not include our operating lines of credit for which we have a maximum borrowing capacity of $5,000.
2 Merchants Bank of Indiana will periodically constrain the aggregate maximum borrowing capacity. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the lowest amount to which the aggregate maximum borrowing capacity was limited approximated $550,000. The highest amount to which it was expanded approximated $700,000. At December 31, 2015, the aggregate maximum borrowing capacity was $600,000.
3 The maximum borrowing capacity is a sublimit of the Merchants Participation Agreement maximum borrowing capacity referred to in Note 2 above.
4 The Bank of America maximum borrowing includes $400,000 of mortgage repurchase and $300,000 of mortgage gestation repurchase facilities.
5 Governed by the Barclays Bank PLC maximum borrowing capacity of $300,000, with a sub-limit of $60,000.
6 Governed by the EverBank maximum borrowing capacity of $150,000, with a sub-limit of $70,000.
7 Borrowing carries an interest rate of the coupon rate of the underlying mortgage loans, less the debenture rate funded by Guaranty Bank.
8 Borrowing matures no later than four years from the date of most recent purchase from GNMA pools.

On February 29, 2016, the Company amended its mortgage repurchase financing with Bank of America, N.A. to decrease the amount available under the line from $400,000 to $300,000 and on March 31, 2016, the Company amended its mortgage repurchase financing with Bank of America, N.A. to decrease the amount available under the line from $300,000 to $250,000, decreasing the maximum borrowing capacity of the mortgage funding arrangements with Bank of America from $700,000 to $550,000.

20


    
On March 1, 2016, the Company amended its mortgage repurchase financing with EverBank to decrease the amount available under the line from $150,000 to $125,000, and decreasing the MSR sublimit from $70,000 to $60,000.

On June 3, 2016, the Company amended its mortgage repurchase financing agreement with Bank of America, N.A. to extend the maturity date to July 8, 2016. On July 8, 2016, the Company amended its mortgage repurchase financing agreement with Bank of America , N.A. to extend the maturity date to August 5, 2016. On August 3, 2016, the Company renewed and amended its mortgage repurchase financing agreement with Bank of America, N.A. to extend the maturity date to August 2, 2017.  The renewed agreement has a repurchase facility size of $200,000 and a gestation facility size of $225,000.  The repurchase and gestation facility sizes were $250,000 and $300,000, respectively, prior to the renewal.

On July 29, 2016, the Company amended its master participation agreement, warehouse and security agreement and operating line of credit facilities with Merchants to extend their maturity dates to July 31, 2017.

On June 17, 2016, the Company amended its operating line of credit agreement with Merchants to temporarily increase the maximum borrowing capacity from $5,000 to $10,000 through August 31, 2016. The operating line of credit will revert back to $5,000 starting September 1, 2016 through the remainder of the agreements term.

A paydown of approximately $14,000 under the Everbank agreement occurred on June 30, 2016; however, these funds were not utilized for the loan repurchase until July 1, 2016. As the funds are specifically for the mortgage repurchase borrowings, the funds are reflected as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets until such paydowns are made.

The above mortgage funding and operating lines of credit agreements contain covenants which include certain customary financial requirements, including maintenance of minimum tangible net worth, maximum debt to tangible net worth ratio, minimum liquidity, minimum current ratio, minimum profitability and limitations on additional debt and transactions with affiliates, as defined in the respective agreement. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company was in compliance with the covenants contained in these agreements. The Company intends to renew the mortgage funding arrangements when they mature and has no reason to believe the Company will be unable to do so.

12. Reserve for Mortgage Repurchases and Indemnifications

Representations and warranties are provided to investors and insurers on loans sold and are also assumed on purchased mortgage loans. In the event of a breach of these representations and warranties, the Company may be required to repurchase the mortgage loan or indemnify the investor against loss. In limited circumstances, the full risk of loss on loans sold is retained to the extent the liquidation of the underlying collateral is insufficient. In some instances where the Company has purchased loans from third parties, it may have the ability to recover the loss from the third party originator. Repurchase-related reserves are maintained for probable losses related to repurchase and indemnification obligations.    

The following is a summary of changes in the reserve for mortgage repurchases and indemnifications for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
5,798

 
$
4,877

 
$
5,536

 
$
4,967

Provision for mortgage repurchases and indemnifications - new loan sales1
691

 
932

 
1,256

 
1,696

Provision for mortgage repurchases and indemnifications - change in estimate2

 
437

 

 
523

Losses on repurchases and indemnifications
(188
)
 
(957
)
 
(491
)
 
(1,897
)
Balance at end of period
$
6,301

 
$
5,289

 
$
6,301

 
$
5,289


1 Recognized as a reduction to "Gain on mortgage loans held for sale, net" in the consolidated statements of operations.
2 Accounts for change in estimate made subsequent to the initial reserve for new loan sales being made.

Because of the inherent uncertainties involved in the various estimates and assumptions used by the Company in determining the mortgage repurchase and indemnifications liability, there is a reasonable possibility that future losses may be in excess of the recorded liability. In assessing the adequacy of the reserve, management evaluates various factors including

21


actual losses on repurchases and indemnifications during the period, historical loss experience, known delinquent and other problem loans, delinquency trends in the portfolio of sold loans and economic trends and conditions in the industry. The Company considers the liability to be appropriate at each balance sheet date.

13. Income Taxes

The Company calculates its quarterly tax provision pursuant to the guidelines in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 740-270 "Income Taxes". Generally ASC 740-270 requires companies to estimate the annual effective tax rate for
current year ordinary income. In calculating the effective tax rate, permanent differences between financial reporting and taxable income are factored into the calculation, but temporary differences are not. The estimated annual effective tax rate represents the best estimate of the tax provision in relation to the best estimate of pre-tax ordinary income or loss. The estimated annual effective tax rate is then applied to year-to-date ordinary income or loss to calculate the year-to-date interim tax provision. Due primarily to the unpredictable nature of the MSRs valuation and the impact this has on making a reliable estimate of the annual effective tax rate for interim reporting periods, the Company applies the actual year-to-date effective tax rate for the current period tax provision as a matter of policy.
        
The following is a reconciliation of the expected statutory federal corporate income tax benefit from continuing operations to the income tax benefit from continuing operations recorded on the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
$
%
 
$
%
 
$
%
 
$
%
Statutory federal income tax (benefit) expense
$
(6,148
)
35.0
 %
 
$
7,299

35.0
%
 
$
(19,816
)
35.0
 %
 
$
1,703

35.0
%
State income tax benefit, net of federal tax benefit
(283
)
1.6
 %
 
808

3.9
%
 
(1,713
)
3.0
 %
 
24

0.5
%
Non-deductible expenses
21

(0.1
)%
 
56

0.3
%
 
62

(0.1
)%
 
111

2.2
%
Valuation allowance
6,367

(36.1
)%
 

%
 
19,437

(34.4
)%
 

%
Uncertain tax positions
(40
)
 %
 

%
 
(22
)
 %
 

%
State tax rate adjustment to state deferred

 %
 

%
 
294

(0.4
)%
 

%
Other
112

(0.6
)%
 
3

%
 
3

 %
 
3

0.1
%
Total income tax expense (benefit)
$
29

(0.2
)%
 
$
8,166

39.2
%
 
$
(1,755
)
3.1
 %
 
$
1,841

37.8
%

During the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized an income tax expense of $29 and $8,166, respectively, which represented effective tax rates of (0.2)% and 39.2%, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized an income tax benefit of $1,755 and an income tax expense of $1,841, respectively, which represented effective tax rates of 3.1% and 37.8%, respectively. The income tax benefits for the six months ended June 30, 2016 includes the impact of recording a $19,437 valuation allowance to offset our deferred tax assets, as we determined that it is more likely than not that a portion of our deferred tax assets, not subject to reversing deferred tax liabilities, will not be realized. Additionally, the increase in benefit and decrease in effective tax rates in the current period is due to adjustments to state net deferred tax liabilities based on an decreased state effective tax rate.

As of June 30, 2016, the Company had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of $167,974 and $169,029, respectively. The Company's federal and state net operating loss carryforwards are available to offset future taxable income and expire from 2029 through 2035.

14. Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments to Extend Credit

The Company enters into interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") with customers who have applied for residential mortgage loans and meet certain credit and underwriting criteria. These commitments expose the Company to market risk if interest rates change and the loan is not economically hedged or committed to an investor. The Company is also exposed to credit loss if the loan is originated and not sold to an investor and the customer does not perform. The collateral upon extension of credit typically consists of a first deed of trust in the mortgagor’s residential property. Commitments to originate loans do not necessarily reflect future cash requirements as some commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon. Total commitments to originate loans as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 approximated $1,547,195 and $1,169,768, respectively, in estimated principal loan amount. The related fair value of these commitments is recognized in the balance sheet within “Derivatives".

Litigation

The Company is subject to various legal proceedings arising out of the ordinary course of business. As of June 30, 2016, there were no current or pending claims against the Company, which could have a material impact on the Company's

22


statement of financial position, net income or cash flows. Any liabilities which are probable to occur and estimable have been recorded in the balance sheet.

Regulatory Contingencies

The Company is subject to periodic audits and examinations, both formal and informal in nature, from various federal and state agencies, including those made as part of regulatory oversight of our mortgage origination, servicing and financing activities. Such audits and examinations could result in additional actions, penalties or fines by state or federal governmental bodies, regulators or the courts with respect to our mortgage origination, servicing and financing activities, which may be applicable generally to the mortgage industry or to us in particular.  During 2014, we received a report of examination from a state regulatory agency that certain fees that were charged to borrowers in connection with the origination of loans through our wholesale and retail channels were impermissible and must be refunded to such borrowers.  The total amount of these fees is $417. The Company disagrees with the findings in the report of examination and has communicated its reasoning as to why the related fees are permissible to the state regulatory agency.  However, there can be no assurance that the state regulatory agency will agree with our position and that we will not be ultimately required to refund the fees to the related borrowers.

Other Contingencies

During 2013, the Company became aware that it had purchased certain refinancing loans, with a total principal amount of $5,163, from a correspondent lender where the prior mortgage loan on the property securing the mortgage loan that was purchased from the correspondent was not satisfied and released by the correspondent’s title company at the time the loan from the correspondent was made. As part of the Company’s process in purchasing a mortgage loan from a correspondent, it generally requires that a closing protection letter be issued by the title insurer in favor of the borrower. A closing protection letter was obtained with respect to each of these purchased loans. As a result, the Company believes the borrower is insured against any liens prior to ours that were not identified in connection with the issuance of that closing protection letter. The Company believes that its procedures, including conducting a post-purchase audit, were effective in identifying the failure by the correspondent to obtain a release of the prior mortgage loan and that the Company’s practice of obtaining closing protection letters is appropriate to protect it in these situations. The Company has notified the affected borrowers and the relevant insurance carriers, and it expects that the title insurance obtained in connection with the refinancings will result in the loan having a first priority status. However, there can be no assurances that the prior mortgages will be fully satisfied from the title insurance claims.

15. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Options

A summary of stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2016 is as follows:
 




Number of Shares
 


Weighted Average
Exercise Price Per Share
 

Weighted Average
Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
 



Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2015
361,594

 
$
13.72

 

 


Granted

 
N/A

 

 


Exercised

 
N/A

 

 


Forfeited or expired
(53,743
)
 
$
15.69

 

 


Outstanding at June 30, 2016
307,851

 
$
13.37

 
6.5
 
$

Exercisable at June 30, 2016
256,265

 
$
12.44

 
6.4
 
$


The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock options granted. For a more detailed discussion of the Company's stock-based compensation plan's fair value methodology, refer to Note 20, “Stock-Based Compensation,” to its audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, included in its 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Restricted Stock Units

A summary of the nonvested restricted stock unit activity for the six months ended June 30, 2016 is as follows:


23


 
Restricted Stock Units
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Nonvested at December 31, 2015
94,630

 
$
9.37

Granted
223,891

 
$
5.76

Vested
(41,736
)
 
8.77

Forfeited

 
$

Nonvested at June 30, 2016
276,785

 
$
6.54


During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company recognized total stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock units of $659.

16. Segment Information

The Company's organizational structure is currently comprised of three operating segments: Originations, Servicing and Financing. This determination is based on the Company's current organizational structure, which reflects how the chief operation decision maker evaluates the performance of the business and focuses primarily on the services performed.

The Originations segment primarily originates and sells residential mortgage loans, which conform to the underwriting guidelines of the GSEs and government agencies and non-agency whole loan investors. The Servicing segment includes loan administration, collection and default activities, including the collection and remittance of loan payments, responding to customer inquiries, collection of principal and interest payments, holding custodial funds for the payment of property taxes and insurance premiums, counseling delinquent mortgagors, modifying loans and supervising foreclosures on the Company’s property dispositions. The Financing segment includes warehouse-lending activities to correspondent customers by the Company’s NattyMac subsidiary, which commenced operations in July 2013.

The accounting policies of each reportable segment are the same as those of the Company. Certain consolidated back-office operations, such as risk and compliance, human resources, information technology, business processes and marketing, are allocated to each individual segment. Expenses are allocated to individual segments based on the estimated value of services performed, including estimated utilization of square footage and corporate personnel.

Financial highlights by segment are as follows:
 
Total Assets
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Originations
$
671,148

 
$
647,287

Servicing
297,984

 
353,097

Financing
234,640

 
232,061

Other1
42,273

 
48,181

    Total
$
1,246,045

 
$
1,280,626


1 Includes intersegment eliminations and assets not allocated to the three reportable segments.




24


 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Originations
 
Servicing
 
Financing
 
Other/Eliminations1
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
28,193

 
$
141

 
$

 
$
(20
)
 
$
28,314

Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation

 
(17,927
)
 

 

 
(17,927
)
Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights

 
(10,148
)
 

 

 
(10,148
)
Loan origination and other loan fees
5,012

 

 
459

 
2

 
5,473

Loan servicing fees

 
13,712

 

 

 
13,712

Interest and other income
5,046

 
139

 
1,886

 
(1
)
 
7,070

Total revenues
$
38,251

 
$
(14,083
)
 
$
2,345

 
$
(19
)
 
$
26,494

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
15,781

 
1,642

 
435

 
5,693

 
23,551

General and administrative
3,139

 
652

 
253

 
2,423

 
6,467

Interest expense
4,260

 
872

 
459

 
1,233

 
6,824

Occupancy, equipment and communication
2,023

 
425

 
58

 
1,544

 
4,050

Depreciation and amortization
2,205

 
148

 
102

 
270

 
2,725

Corporate allocations
5,131

 
795

 
112

 
(6,038
)
 

Total expenses
$
32,539

 
$
4,534

 
$
1,419

 
$
5,125

 
$
43,617

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes
$
5,712

 
$
(18,617
)
 
$
926

 
$
(5,144
)
 
$
(17,123
)
1Includes intersegment eliminations and certain corporate income and expenses not allocated to the three reportable segments, such as those related to our accounting, executive administration, finance, internal audit, investor relations and legal departments.


 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
Originations
 
Servicing
 
Financing
 
Other/Eliminations1
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
41,171

 
$

 
$

 
$
49

 
$
41,220

Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation

 
17,753

 

 

 
17,753

Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights

 
(11,322
)
 

 

 
(11,322
)
Loan origination and other loan fees
6,162

 

 
303

 

 
6,465

Loan servicing fees

 
12,611

 

 

 
12,611

Interest and other income
7,011

 

 
1,694

 
14

 
8,719

Total revenues
$
54,344

 
$
19,042

 
$
1,997

 
$
63

 
$
75,446

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
22,429

 
2,285

 
574

 
7,259

 
32,547

General and administrative
3,427

 
837

 
173

 
4,179

 
8,616

Interest expense
5,269

 
1,772

 
657

 
128

 
7,826

Occupancy, equipment and communication
1,951

 
505

 
61

 
1,524

 
4,041

Depreciation and amortization
1,095

 
99

 
102

 
376

 
1,672

Corporate allocations
6,125

 
858

 
75

 
(7,058
)
 

Total expenses
$
40,296

 
$
6,356

 
$
1,642

 
$
6,408

 
$
54,702

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes
$
14,048

 
$
12,686

 
$
355

 
$
(6,345
)
 
$
20,744

1Includes intersegment eliminations and certain corporate income and expenses not allocated to the three reportable segments, such as those related to our accounting, executive administration, finance, internal audit, investor relations and legal departments.


25


 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Originations
 
Servicing
 
Financing
 
Other/Eliminations1
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
50,680

 
$
712

 
$

 
$
43

 
$
51,435

Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation

 
(53,647
)
 

 

 
(53,647
)
Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights

 
(17,396
)
 

 

 
(17,396
)
Loan origination and other loan fees
9,143

 

 
784

 
8

 
9,935

Loan servicing fees

 
27,158

 

 

 
27,158

Interest and other income
9,946

 
245

 
3,783

 
11

 
13,985

Total revenues
$
69,769

 
$
(42,928
)
 
$
4,567

 
$
62

 
$
31,470

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
30,366

 
3,395

 
906

 
12,110

 
46,777

General and administrative
5,842

 
1,132

 
408

 
6,099

 
13,481

Interest expense
8,485

 
1,949

 
1,235

 
2,404

 
14,073

Occupancy, equipment and communication
3,919

 
869

 
111

 
3,399

 
8,298

Depreciation and amortization
4,154

 
271

 
200

 
646

 
5,271

Corporate allocations
10,854

 
1,726

 
238

 
(12,818
)
 

Total expenses
$
63,620

 
$
9,342

 
$
3,098

 
$
11,840

 
$
87,900

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes
$
6,149

 
$
(52,270
)
 
$
1,469

 
$
(11,778
)
 
$
(56,430
)

1Includes intersegment eliminations and certain corporate income and expenses not allocated to the three reportable segments, such as those related to our accounting, executive administration, finance, internal audit, investor relations and legal departments.

 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
Originations
 
Servicing
 
Financing
 
Other/Eliminations1
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
86,172

 
$

 
$

 
$
49

 
$
86,221

Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation

 
(6,437
)
 

 

 
(6,437
)
Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights

 
(25,088
)
 

 

 
(25,088
)
Loan origination and other loan fees
11,235

 

 
577

 

 
11,812

Loan servicing fees

 
26,950

 

 

 
26,950

Interest and other income
13,378

 

 
3,428

 
102

 
16,908

Total revenues
$
110,785

 
$
(4,575
)
 
$
4,005

 
$
151

 
$
110,366

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
42,020

 
4,401

 
1,093

 
14,471

 
61,985

General and administrative
6,142

 
1,278

 
308

 
8,290

 
16,018

Interest expense
9,631

 
4,305

 
1,660

 
254

 
15,850

Occupancy, equipment and communication
3,663

 
987

 
119

 
3,497

 
8,266

Depreciation and amortization
2,262

 
198

 
203

 
719

 
3,382

Corporate allocations
13,284

 
1,840

 
152

 
(15,276
)
 

Total expenses
$
77,002

 
$
13,009

 
$
3,535

 
$
11,955

 
$
105,501

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes
$
33,783

 
$
(17,584
)
 
$
470

 
$
(11,804
)
 
$
4,865


1Includes intersegment eliminations and certain corporate income and expenses not allocated to the three reportable segments, such as those related to our accounting, executive administration, finance, internal audit, investor relations and legal departments.


17. Subsequent Events


26


On July 8, 2016, the Company amended its mortgage repurchase financing agreement with Bank of America, N.A. to extend the maturity date to August 5, 2016. On August 3, 2016, the Company renewed and amended its mortgage repurchase financing agreement with Bank of America, N.A. to extend the maturity date to August 2, 2017.  The renewed agreement has a repurchase facility size of $200,000 and a gestation facility size of $225,000.  The repurchase and gestation facility sizes were $250,000 and $300,000, respectively, prior to the renewal.

On July 29, 2016, the Company amended its master participation agreement, warehouse and security agreement and operating line of credit facilities with Merchants to extend their maturity dates to July 31, 2017.


 ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Data or As Otherwise Stated Herein)

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 and the MD&A included in our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K. This MD&A contains forward-looking statements that involve risk, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those discussed in “Risk Factors” in our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K. As used in this discussion and analysis, unless the context otherwise requires or indicates, references to “the Company,” “our company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Stonegate Mortgage Corporation.

Overview
We are a leading, non-bank mortgage company focused on originating, financing and servicing U.S. residential mortgage loans that operates as an intermediary between residential mortgage borrowers and the ultimate investors of these mortgages. We predominantly transfer mortgage loans into pools of Government National Mortgage Association ("Ginnie Mae" or "GNMA") mortgage backed securities ("MBS") and sell mortgage loans to the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae” or “FNMA”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac" or "FHLMC"). Both FNMA and FHLMC are considered government-sponsored enterprises ("GSEs"), for which we may perform servicing of U.S. residential mortgage loans. We also sell mortgage loans to other third-party investors in the secondary market and provide short-term financing to other residential mortgage loan originators. Our principal sources of revenue include (i) gain on sale of mortgage loans from loan originations and whole loan sales, and fee income from originations, (ii) fee income from loan servicing and (iii) fee and net interest and other income from its financing facilities. We operate in three segments: Originations, Servicing and Financing. This segment determination is based on our current organizational structure, which reflects how our chief operating decision maker evaluates the performance of our business.
For additional information about our company and business operations, see the “Overview” section of the MD&A included in our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Market Considerations, Recent Industry Trends and Our Outlook

Mortgage Originations and Financing
    
Today’s U.S. residential mortgage loan origination sector primarily offers conventional agency and government conforming mortgage loans. Residential mortgage origination volume is impacted by changes in interest rates and housing market dynamics. Origination volume in 2014 was estimated at $1.35 trillion, according to the 2014 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) Data. An average of estimates from industry sources (Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and the Mortgage Bankers Association (“MBA”)) indicate that 2015 origination volume was $1.70 trillion, an increase of 26% over 2014, as the market continued to benefit from the low prevailing interest rates. Refinance volume was estimated at 47% of total origination volume in 2015.

Second quarter 2016 origination volume was estimated at $507 billion according to an average of estimates from industry sources, an increase of 42% from the first quarter 2016 estimates. The 30-year fixed mortgage rates remained below 3.75% for the majority of the second quarter of 2016, ending the quarter at 3.57% according to Freddie Mac, resulting in strong industry-wide refinance volume. Interest rates remained relatively flat throughout most of the second quarter, with a sharp decline at the end of the quarter, primarily due to the Brexit decision. The 10 year treasury ended the quarter at 1.49%.
 
Second quarter 2016 purchase-driven origination volume was strong compared to prior year, despite persistently low homeownership rates relative to historical values. In the second quarter of 2016, the homeownership rate was 62.9% compared to a high of 69% in 2005. However, household formation continues to trend up as the younger generation “comes of age”; many of these potential first-time homebuyers could drive additional purchase demand in the future. A more robust purchase market helps alleviate the volatility of the mortgage market associated with refinance volume.


27


The U.S. residential mortgage industry continues to experience mixed trends in loan applications and activity in recent months. During the second quarter of 2016, the MBA Weekly Refinance Application Index increased from 1,784.7 on March 25, 2016 to 2,136.4 on June 24, 2016. The MBA Weekly Purchase Application Index decreased from 228.6 on March 25, 2016 to 224.9 on June 24, 2016. Applications serve as a leading indicator for mortgage originations as applications turn into originations within a couple months.

Reports issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the MBA indicate an average forecast of $1.77 trillion for 2016 origination volume, of which approximately 45% will result from refinance activity.

Finally, there continues to be changes in legislation and licensing in an effort to simplify and protect the consumer mortgage loan experience, which have required, and will continue to require, technological changes and additional implementation costs for mortgage loan originators. Specifically, ongoing compliance with the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act ("HMDA") and Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB"), and the implementation of new forms and related requirements to comply with the Truth In Lending Act ("TILA") and Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act ("RESPA") Integrated Disclosure rule ("TRID") has necessitated significant operational and technological expenses and changes for the entire mortgage origination industry, and for our mortgage origination business in particular. We expect legislative changes and enforcement of recently effective legislation will continue in the foreseeable future, which may increase related expenses for originators in the industry. For additional information, see “Regulation” and "Risk Factors" sections of our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Mortgage Servicing

The mortgage servicing industry is impacted by borrower delinquencies and foreclosure activity, and servicers require a high level of expertise to comply with ongoing mortgage servicing reform and standardization of servicing and foreclosure practices within the industry. The modification of processes to adopt any new servicing or foreclosure standards may cause an increase in servicing costs for servicers in the industry. For additional information, see “Regulation” within Part I, Item 1 "Business" of our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In the past several years, the mortgage servicing industry has transformed in several ways, primarily as a result of the economic crisis. Regulatory and counterparty oversight has increased, which led to increased servicing costs. According to Freddie Mac, between 2008 and 2013, the average cost to service a performing loan increased 2.6 times and the cost to service a nonperforming loan increased 4.9 times. Additionally, the cost to hold mortgage servicing right assets (“MSRs”) increased in the wake of new capital requirements for banks and increased regulatory scrutiny. These factors have led to an increase in special servicers focused on nonperforming loans, as well as industry deconsolidation, specifically as it pertains to nonbanks accounting for a larger share of servicing than in the past. Among the top twenty servicers in 2009, nonbanks accounted for 9% of the servicing. By the fourth quarter of 2015, that share had increased 3.1 times to 28%.

Interest Rate Impacts

An increase in interest rates generally could lead to the following, which may in the aggregate have an adverse effect on our results:

a reduction in origination volume and interest rate lock commitments;
a shift from loan refinancing volume to purchase loan volume;
a reduction of gains on mortgage loans held for sale; due to a more competitive originations market;
an increase in net interest income from financing (assuming a steeper forward yield curve);
an increase in the value of mortgage servicing rights due to a decline in prepayment expectations; and
a decrease in actual prepayment speeds and activity, resulting in lower amortization expense.

Performance Summary and Outlook

The following highlights our performance for the second quarter and year to date period of 2016:


28


 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Change
 
2016
 
2015
 
$
 
%
Mortgage loan originations
$
2,343,412

 
$
3,159,040

 
$
(815,628
)
 
(26
)%
Gain on sale revenue
$
28,314

 
$
41,220

 
$
(12,906
)
 
(31
)%
Gain on sale revenue, bps1
121
 
130
 
(9)
 
(7
)%
Total Expenses related to Originations segment, bps1
139
 
128
 
11
 
9
 %
Total Expenses related to Servicing segment, bps2
3
 
4
 
(1)
 
(25
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Change
 
2016
 
2015
 
$
 
%
Mortgage loan originations
$
4,284,881

 
$
5,766,337

 
$
(1,481,456
)
 
(26
)%
Gain on sale revenue
$
51,435

 
$
86,221

 
$
(34,786
)
 
(40
)%
Gain on sale revenue, bps1
120
 
150
 
(30)
 
(20
)%
Total Expenses related to Originations segment, bps1
148
 
134
 
14
 
10
 %
Total Expenses related to Servicing segment, bps2
5
 
7
 
(2)
 
(29
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of
 
Change
 
June 30, 2016
 
June 30, 2015
 
$
 
%
Ending Mortgage Service Portfolio ("UPB")
$
14,137,897

 
$17,244,304
 
$
(3,106,407
)
 
(18
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the Quarter Ended
 
Change
 
June 30, 2016
 
June 30, 2015
 
$
 
%
Average Mortgage Service Portfolio ("UPB")
$
17,322,698

 
$
16,613,832

 
$
708,866

 
4
 %
 
For the Six Months Period
 
Change
 
June 30, 2016
 
June 30, 2015
 
$
 
%
Average Mortgage Service Portfolio ("UPB")
$
17,536,047

 
$
17,613,033

 
$
(76,986
)
 
 %

1Bps as a percentage of origination volume for applicable period.
2Bps as a percentage of our average servicing portfolio for applicable period.

We operate a diversified originations business, consisting of retail, wholesale and correspondent channels.  These channels each offer varying risk and return characteristics.  Our retail channel operates via a distributed network of branches and direct-to-consumer call centers (our "retail direct" or "Stonegate Direct" division), which we created in October 2014, to allow us to reach customers directly through the Internet and call centers using a lower cost platform. Our origination volume has decreased in the six months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, and our gain on sale revenue, in dollars and as a percentage of origination volume, also decreased given our reduction in MSR capitalization rates and shifts in our retail channel loan production. Retail channel loan originations generally produce higher revenues than originations from our other channels.

We have continued to effectively manage our operations subsequent to the decision to decrease our retail branch footprint through the sale or closure of branches by focusing on operating expense efficiencies and improving operating leverage. By the end of 2015, we had disposed of seventy-six retail branches. We have reduced expenses by $26 million year to date and $14 million quarter to date as compared to the comparable periods in 2015.

On June 30, 2016, a $5.06 billion bulk sale of our MSR portfolio was completed, resulting in our ending loan servicing portfolio at June 30, 2016 declining 18% from June 30, 2015. The number of loans serviced has decreased as well over that time period. Our average servicing portfolio was $17.5 during the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to an average servicing portfolio of $17.6 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2015. Consequently, loan servicing fees have remained flat from 2015 to 2016. Loan Servicing Fees as a percentage to the average portfolio were 0.31% for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and for the six months ended June 30, 2015.


29


We are prepared to act as either a retainer or a seller of MSRs, depending on market conditions. As we monitor these market conditions, we may choose to sell in bulk a portion of our servicing rights to third parties, continue our involvement as a subservicer to certain sold servicing rights or sell a portion of our servicing rights on a monthly flow basis as we determine to create the best economic value in the current market. Subservicing fee revenue is earned over the life of the associated loan and is generally lower than the servicing fee received by the owner of the MSRs; however, there are lower risks in subservicing loans as opposed to owning the MSRs and subservicing is less capital intensive than owning MSRs as there is no asset recorded on the balance sheet related to the subservicing of mortgage loans. Also, selling MSRs on a monthly flow basis results in immediate additional liquidity, allowing us to deploy capital resources into our originations segment which has the potential for higher levels of profitability. Additionally, we have entered into MSRs financing facilities that allow us to leverage the MSRs assets we hold. The selling of MSRs both on a flow and bulk basis, combined with the availability of the MSRs financing facilities augments our liquidity strategy. We would anticipate a reduction in loan servicing fees as a result of continued sales of MSRs.
The fair value of our MSRs declined $53.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to a decline of $6.4 million for the same period last year. Decreasing interest rates generally result in decreased MSRs values, as the assumption for prepayment speeds of the underlying mortgage loans tends to increase (mortgage loans prepay faster) and a flattening yield curve decreases the expected value of interest and other income from the escrow balances we maintain. Overall, the magnitude of the decline in rates and flattening of the yield curve was greater in the first six months of 2016 compared to the same period last year.
We continue to grow our financing segment as we focus on providing warehouse financing to our correspondent customers and other institutions. Our financing subsidiary, NattyMac, allows us to leverage our proprietary technology and our existing due diligence and underwriting processes to efficiently underwrite the warehouse lines of credit it provides for both our origination segment correspondent originators and customers who may not sell loans to our origination segments. NattyMac origination fundings have increased from $1.5 billion for the first six months of 2015 to $2.1 billion for the first six months of 2016, an increase of 41.0%. We believe our focus on growth in NattyMac creates access to efficient sources of capital and strengthens relationships with small to mid-size correspondents to originate mortgage loans that meet our underwriting requirements and are eligible for us and other investors to purchase.

We have continued to decrease expenses in the second quarter of 2016, compared to the second quarter of 2015, in all expense categories except for depreciation and amortization. Our total expenses were $43.6 million for the second quarter of 2016, $44.3 million for the first quarter of 2016, and $54.7 million for the second quarter of 2015. The largest decreases, compared to prior year, have been in Salaries and Benefits and General and Administrative Expense. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense, from $1.7 million for the second quarter of 2015 to $2.7 million in the second quarter 2016 is due to the additional investment in systems infrastructure as currently and previously discussed in our Results of Operations. At present, we do not anticipate any material retail expansion going forward other than in the retail direct side of the retail channel. We plan to maximize our potential return by focusing on lowering expenses through creating system automation efficiencies through information technology investments and process enhancements and through managing expenses. We will continue to invest in additional information technology infrastructure to increase automation within our systems surrounding both critical operational areas and corporate support areas. We expect continued investments in our loan origination systems and anticipate expenses to increase in the short term in connection with these investments. We believe these investments will lead to a continued decrease in expenses over the long-term.
    
We have also experienced increased exposure to industry regulatory compliance. We are monitoring a number of developments in regulations that are expected to impact us, and there has been a heightened focus of regulators on the practices of the mortgage industry. The full impact of regulatory developments remains uncertain, although we expect the higher level of legislative and regulatory focus on mortgage origination and servicing practices will result in higher legal, compliance, and servicing related costs, heightened risk of potential regulatory fines and penalties, or an increase in mortgage origination or servicing related litigation. In particular, we have devoted significant operational and technological resources to comply with the TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure rule that integrates the mortgage loan disclosures required under TILA and sections 4 and 5 of RESPA. This rule became effective for nearly all mortgage applications received on or after October 3, 2015.We will also continue to invest in additional information technology infrastructure to address the technological complexities in complying with various regulations.

For a discussion of the significant regulations and regulatory oversight initiatives that have affected or may affect our business, we refer you to the “Regulation” and “Risk Factors” sections of our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Financial Condition Summary


30


Total assets decreased $34.6 million, or 2.7% during the six months ended June 30, 2016. Total liabilities increased $19.4 million, or 1.9%, during the six months ended June 30, 2016. Changes in the composition and balance of our assets and liabilities during the six months ended June 30, 2016 are attributable to a decline in our MSRs portfolio since December 31, 2015, partially offset by an increase in Cash and Restricted Cash. Other Liabilities slightly increased and overall Borrowings remained relatively flat since December 31, 2015.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Our results of operations discussed throughout this MD&A are determined in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). We also calculate adjusted net income (loss) from continuing operations and adjusted diluted EPS (LPS) from continuing operations as performance measures, which are considered non-GAAP financial measures under Regulation G and Item 10(e) of Regulation S-K, to further aid our investors in understanding and analyzing our core operating results and comparing them among periods. Adjusted net income (loss) from continuing operations and adjusted diluted EPS (LPS) from continuing operations exclude certain items that we do not consider part of our core operating results, including changes in valuation inputs and assumptions on our MSRs, stock-based compensation expenses, and other non-routine costs such as remaining operating lease expenses from closed retail branches. These non-GAAP financial measures are not intended to be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for income(loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, net income(loss) from continuing operations or diluted EPS(LPS) from continuing operations prepared in accordance with GAAP.

In addition, adjusted net income from continuing operations has limitations as an analytical tool, including but not limited to the following:

adjusted net income does not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;
adjusted net income does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
adjusted net income does not reflect the cash requirements necessary to service principal payments related to the financing of the business; and
peer companies in our industry may calculate adjusted net income differently, thereby limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

Because of these and other limitations, adjusted net income (loss) from continuing operations should not be considered solely as a measure of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business. Adjusted net income(loss) from continuing operations is a performance measure and is presented to provide additional information about our core operations.
The table below reconciles net income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax, to adjusted net income from continuing operations and diluted EPS (LPS) from continuing operations to adjusted diluted EPS (LPS) from continuing operations (which are the most directly comparable GAAP measures) for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

31


 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Change
 
2016
 
2015
 
$
 
%
Net income (loss) from continuing operations
$
(17,152
)
 
$
12,578

 
$
(29,730
)
 
(236
)%
Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions on MSRs1
17,927

 
(17,753
)
 
35,680

 
201
 %
Stock-based compensation expense
354

 
823

 
(469
)
 
(57
)%
Results from discontinued retail branches
55

 

 
55

 
100
 %
Tax effect of adjustments
(139
)
 
6,670

 
(6,809
)
 
(102
)%
Adjusted net income (loss)
$
1,045

 
$
2,318

 
$
(1,273
)
 
(55
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
(0.66
)
 
0.49

 
$
(1.15
)
 
(235
)%
Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions on MSRs
0.70

 
(0.69
)
 
1.39

 
201
 %
Stock-based compensation expense
0.01

 
0.03

 
(0.02
)
 
67
 %
Results from discontinued retail branches

 

 

 
100
 %
Tax effect of adjustments
(0.01
)
 
0.26

 
(0.27
)
 
(104
)%
Adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per share
$
0.04

 
$
0.09

 
$
(0.05
)
 
(56
)%
1 Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions on MSRs includes a realized gain of $7,138 and a realized loss of $3,068 for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Adjusted net income decreased $1,273, or 55%, during the three months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015. Adjusted diluted EPS decreased $0.05, or 56%, during the three months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015. The decrease was primarily attributable to a reduction in our gain on sale due to lower originations volume, reduced MSR capitalization rate and shift in the retail channel production. These decreases were partially offset with reduced operating expense due to decreased headcount.

The table below reconciles net income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax, to adjusted net income from continuing operations and diluted EPS (LPS) from continuing operations to adjusted diluted EPS (LPS) from continuing operations (which are the most directly comparable GAAP measures) for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Change
 
2016
 
2015
 
$
 
%
Net income (loss) from continuing operations
$
(54,675
)
 
$
3,024

 
$
(57,699
)
 
(1,908
)%
Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions on MSRs1
53,647

 
6,437

 
47,210

 
(733
)%
Stock-based compensation expense
660

 
1,645

 
(985
)
 
(60
)%
Results from discontinued retail branches
119

 

 
119

 
(100
)%
Tax effect of adjustments
(1,774
)
 
(3,109
)
 
1,335

 
(43
)%
Adjusted net income (loss)
$
(2,023
)
 
$
7,997

 
$
(10,020
)
 
(125
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
(2.12
)
 
0.12

 
$
(2.24
)
 
(1,867
)%
Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions on MSRs
2.08

 
0.25

 
1.83

 
(732
)%
Stock-based compensation expense
0.03

 
0.06

 
(0.03
)
 
50
 %
Results from discontinued retail branches

 

 

 
 %
Tax effect of adjustments
(0.07
)
 
(0.12
)
 
0.05

 
(42
)%
Adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per share
$
(0.08
)
 
$
0.31

 
$
(0.39
)
 
(126
)%
1 Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions on MSRs includes a realized gain of $7,033 and a realized loss of $2,869 for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


32


Adjusted net income from continuing operations decreased $10,020, or 125%, during the six months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015. Adjusted diluted EPS decreased $0.39, or 126%, during the six months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015. The decrease was primarily attributable to a reduction in our gain on sale due to lower originations volume, reduced MSR capitalization rate and shift in the retail channel production. These decreases were partially offset with decreased amortization of MSRs expense related to payoffs and principal reductions experienced during the current period and reduced operating expense due to decreased headcount.
Recent Developments and Significant Transactions
    
We continue to execute our strategies in each segment through development of new investor and product offerings, a focus on higher margin volume, improvement of operating expense efficiencies, and selling MSRs when the market conditions are favorable. Our MSRs are primarily created through our originations channels.

We continue to enter into strategic sale and financing arrangements and actively amend our existing arrangements to execute our liquidity and financing strategies. In 2015, we entered into a flow sale agreement for the sale of MSRs in GNMA loans to an unrelated party. The sales occurred monthly during the covered period, from September 2015 through April 2016. The characteristics of the pools sold are similar to those associated with the Company's current GNMA production.

On June 30, 2016, we completed a sale of MSRs with an underlying unpaid principal balance of $5.06 billion in FNMA and FHLMC loans to an unrelated party. This pool of MSRs was somewhat geographically focused, had an average mortgage interest rates that were higher than current mortgage rates, and did not include any GNMA MSRs, which have a different historical performance than FNMA and FHLMC MSRs.

    
The following financing-related transactions occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2016 allowing us to right-size our financing sources:

On February 29, 2016, we amended our mortgage repurchase financing with Bank of America, N.A. to decrease the amount available under the line from $400,000 to $300,000 and on March 31, 2016, we amended our mortgage gestation repurchase financing with Bank of America, N.A. to decrease the amount available under the line from $300,000 to $250,000, decreasing the maximum borrowing capacity of the mortgage funding arrangements with Bank of America from $700,000 to $550,000.
    
On March 1, 2016, we amended our mortgage repurchase financing with EverBank to decrease the amount available under the line from $150,000 to $125,000, and decreasing the MSR sublimit from $70,000 to $60,000.

On June 3, 2016, we amended our mortgage repurchase financing agreement with Bank of America, N.A. to extend the maturity date to July 8, 2016. This agreement was subsequently extended through August 5, 2016.

On June 17, 2016, we amended our operating line of credit agreement with Merchants to temporarily increase the maximum borrowing capacity from $5,000 to $10,000 through August 31, 2016.

Other Factors Influencing Our Results

Prepayment Speeds. A significant driver of our servicing business is prepayment speed, which is the measurement of how quickly unpaid principal balance on mortgage loans is reduced by borrower payments. Prepayment speeds, as reflected by the constant prepayment rate, vary according to interest rates, the type of loan, conditions in the housing and financial markets, competition, change in GSEs' fee structures and other factors, none of which can be predicted with any certainty. Prepayment speeds impact future servicing fees, value of MSRs, float income, interest expense on advances and interest expense. In general, when interest rates rise, it is relatively less attractive for borrowers to refinance their mortgage loans and, as a result, prepayment speeds tend to decrease. This can extend the period over which we earn servicing income but reduce the demand for new mortgage loans. When interest rates fall, prepayment speeds tend to increase, thereby decreasing the value of MSRs and shortening the period over which we earn servicing income but increasing the demand for new mortgage loans.

Changing Interest Rate Environment. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of mortgage loans and interest rate lock commitments decrease while the value of hedging instruments related to such loans and commitments increases. When interest rates fall, the value of mortgage loans and interest rate lock commitments increases and the value of hedging instruments related to such loans and commitments decrease. Decreasing interest rates also precipitate increased loan refinancing activity by borrowers seeking to benefit from lower mortgage interest rates.

33



Risk Management Effectiveness-Credit Risk. We are subject to the risk of potential credit losses on all of the residential mortgage loans that we hold for sale or investment as well as for losses incurred by investors in mortgage loans that we sell to them as a result of breaches of representations and warranties we make as part of the loan sales. The representations and warranties require adherence to investor or guarantor origination and underwriting guidelines, including but not limited to the validity of the lien securing the loan, property eligibility, borrower credit, income and asset requirements, and compliance with applicable federal, state and local law. The level of mortgage loan repurchase losses is dependent on economic factors, investor repurchase demand strategies, and other external conditions that may change over the lives of the underlying loans.

Risk Management Effectiveness-Interest Rate Risk. Because changes in interest rates may significantly affect our activities, our operating results will depend, in large part, upon our ability to effectively manage interest rate risks and prepayment risks, including risk arising from the change in value of our inventory of mortgage loans held for sale and commitments to fund mortgage loans and related hedging derivative instruments, as well the effects of changes in interest rates on the value of our investment in MSRs. See “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” included in this MD&A for a discussion on the effects of changes in interest rates on the recorded value of our MSRs.

Liquidity. Our ability to operate profitably is dependent on both our access to capital to finance our assets and our ability to profitably sell and service mortgage loans. An important source of capital for the residential mortgage industry is warehouse financing facilities. These facilities provide funding to mortgage loan producers until the loans are sold to investors or securitized in the secondary mortgage loan market. Our ability to hold loans pending sale or securitization depends, in part, on the availability to us of adequate financing lines of credit at suitable interest rates. During any period in which a borrower is not making payments, if we own the MSRs then we may be required to advance our own funds to meet contractual principal and interest remittance requirements for investors and advance costs of protecting the property securing the investors’ loan and the investors’ interest in the property. The ability to obtain capital to finance our servicing advances influences our ability to profitably service delinquent loans. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” for additional information.

Servicing Effectiveness. Our servicing fee rates for loans serviced for non-affiliates are generally at specified servicing rates that do not change with a loan’s performance status. As a mortgage loan becomes delinquent and moves through the delinquency process to settlement through acquisition of the property or partial payoff, the loan requires greater effort on our part to service. Increased mortgage delinquencies, defaults and foreclosures will therefore result in a higher cost to service those loans due to the increased time and effort required to collect payments from delinquent borrowers. Therefore, how effectively we are able to maintain the credit quality of our portfolio of serviced mortgage loans and service the mortgage loans where the borrower has defaulted influences the level of expenses that we incur in the mortgage loan servicing process.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2015

Our consolidated results of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 are presented below. We will then discuss the results of continuing operations separately from the results of discontinued operations for each respective period.


34


 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
28,314

 
$
41,220

 
$
(12,906
)
 
(31)%
Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation
(17,927
)
 
17,753

 
(35,680
)
 
(201)%
Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights
(10,148
)
 
(11,322
)
 
1,174

 
(10)%
Loan origination and other loan fees
5,473

 
6,465

 
(992
)
 
(15)%
Loan servicing fees
13,712

 
12,611

 
1,101

 
9%
Interest and other income
7,070

 
8,719

 
(1,649
)
 
(19)%
Total revenues
26,494

 
75,446

 
(48,952
)
 
(65)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
23,551

 
32,547

 
(8,996
)
 
(28)%
General and administrative
6,467

 
8,616

 
(2,149
)
 
(25)%
Interest expense
6,824

 
7,826

 
(1,002
)
 
(13)%
Occupancy, equipment and communications
4,050

 
4,041

 
9

 
—%
Depreciation and amortization expense
2,725

 
1,672

 
1,053

 
63%
Total expenses
43,617

 
54,702

 
(11,085
)
 
(20)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) before income tax benefit
(17,123
)
 
20,744

 
(37,867
)
 
(183)%
Income tax expense (benefit)
29

 
8,166

 
(8,137
)
 
(100)%
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax
(17,152
)
 
12,578

 
(29,730
)
 
(236)%
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(1,444
)
 
1,444

 
(100)%
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
(17,152
)
 
11,134

 
(28,286
)
 
(254)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding (in thousands)
25,818

 
25,782

 
36

 
—%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  From continuing operations
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.49

 
$
(1.15
)
 
(235)%
  From discontinued operations
$

 
$
(0.06
)
 
$
0.06

 
(100)%
     Total basic earnings (loss) per share
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.43

 
$
(1.09
)
 
(253)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  From continuing operations
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.49

 
$
(1.15
)
 
(235)%
  From discontinued operations
$

 
$
(0.06
)
 
$
0.06

 
(100)%
     Total diluted earnings (loss) per share
$
(0.66
)
 
$
0.43

 
$
(1.09
)
 
(253)%

Continuing Operations
Revenues
During the three months ended June 30, 2016, total revenues decreased $48,952, or 65%, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015. The decrease in revenues was predominantly the result of decreases in gains on mortgage loans held for sale and a higher negative change in the fair value of our MSRs from the second quarter of 2015 to the second quarter of 2016, partially offset by a decline in loan payoffs and principal amortization of MSRs and increased loan servicing fees.
Our gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net during the three months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $12,906, or 31%, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to the 26% decrease in our originations volume from continuing operations and lower capitalization of our MSRs. Our gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net during the three months ended June 30, 2016 were 121 basis points of loan originations compared to 130 basis points for the comparable period in 2015. The decrease in basis point gain on sale was due primarily to a lower MSR capitalization rate as discussed in the Segment Results section.
The greater decrease in the fair value of our MSRs for the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the same period last year was driven by the direction of interest rates in the two periods. Decreasing interest rates generally result in decreased MSRs values, as the assumption for prepayment speeds of the underlying mortgage loans tends to increase (mortgage loans prepay faster) and a flattening yield curve decreases the expected value of interest and other income from the escrow balances we maintain. Market volatility late in the second quarter of 2016 contributed to the significant decline in MSR value in the current period as compared to prior periods.
The decrease in payoffs and principal amortization of our MSRs was driven primarily by the direction of market interest rates during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015. The decrease in run-off and

35


paid off loans correlates with a decrease in related constant prepayment speeds during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, partially offset by an increase in our average servicing portfolio. It is important to note the fair market value changes on the MSR asset are driven more by expectations of future prepayments than they are on these recently realized prepayments, and the drop in rates in June 2016 has increased expectations of future prepayments.
Loan origination and other loan fees decreased primarily as a result of the decrease in the amount of loans originated during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, as well as lower fees due to the shifting of our loan portfolio mix away from the retail channel.
The increase in our loan servicing fees was a result of an increase in our average servicing portfolio from the second quarter or 2015 to the second quarter of 2016. Our average servicing portfolio was $17.3 during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to an average servicing portfolio of $16.6 billion during the three months ended June 30, 2015. Our loan servicing fees, as a percentage of our average servicing portfolio and annualized, were 32 bps for the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to 30 bps for the three months ended June 30, 2015.
The decrease in interest and other income was primarily a result of the 26% decrease in mortgage loan originations during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to June 30, 2015, as there is a direct correlation between interest and other income and mortgage loan origination activity.

Expenses

Total expenses from continuing operations decreased $11,085 or 20% for the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the same period ended June 30, 2015. Total expenses have decreased due to 1) a 26% decrease in total originations and the related costs , such as interest expense, associated with lower originations; 2) a decrease in retail originations, which is a higher cost origination channel as compared to our correspondent and wholesale channels; and 3) reductions in expense from specific actions that occurred in the fourth quarter of 2015.

With the expected compliance costs related to increased industry regulations, we plan to maximize our potential return by focusing on lowering expenses through continued investments in information technology and enhancing process efficiencies. We will invest in additional infrastructure to increase automation within our systems surrounding critical areas, particularly related to core operating systems, as well as corporate support areas.

Salaries, commissions and benefits expense from continuing operations decreased $8,996, or 28%, during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily as a result of decreased commission and incentive compensation expense related to the decline in origination volume and decreased salaries and payroll taxes due to the reduced headcount in revenue producing positions. Our total headcount decreased from 1,349 employees at June 30, 2015 to 865 employees at June 30, 2016.

General and administrative expenses decreased $2,149, or 25% , during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to recent cost control focus, lower headcount, and less reliance on outside services related to TRID readiness. Significant declines occurred in outside services, dues and subscriptions and travel and entertainment expenses.
    
Interest expense from continuing operations decreased $1,002, or 13%, during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to decreased borrowings as a result of the decrease in the volume of mortgage loans originated and funded in the current period, partially offset by a higher cost of funds. We expect that interest expense will generally move in direct correlation to changes in our origination and servicing portfolio trends in future periods.

Depreciation and amortization expense from continuing operations increased $1,053, or 63%, during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to increased property and equipment and software expenditures during 2015 related to major additions to our information technology systems for regulatory compliance, accounting, and operations.

We reported income tax expense of $29 and $8,166 for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, with an effective tax rate of 0.2% and 39.2%, respectively. The decrease in income tax expense is due to lower income before tax and recognition of a $6.4 million valuation allowance during the three months ended June 30, 2016. We determined that it is more likely than not that we will not fully realize the benefit of these deferred tax assets based upon the fact that its deferred

36


tax liabilities are not expected to fully offset the deferred tax assets in the future. This net deferred tax asset position was primarily attributable to the significant write down and amortization of the MSRs in the current period.

Discontinued Operations

Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2015

In 2015, we made the decision to dispose of certain retail branches, or components of our Originations segment, either by sale or closure. We completed the closure of 62 of our retail branches as of December 31, 2015. Additionally, on October 29, 2015, we sold to an unrelated third party certain assets associated with 14 retail branches. Under the new guidance of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-08, we determined that the disposal of these retail branches represented a major strategic shift in our operations and, therefore, should be presented and disclosed as discontinued operations. There were no new additional discontinued operations in the second quarter of 2016 with a material impact, however, transactions related to the 2015 discontinued operations are reflected below.

Our consolidated results of discontinued operations for the three months ended June 30, 2015 are as follows:

 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2015
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
10,114

Loan origination and other loan fees
1,259

Interest and other income
624

Total revenues
11,997

 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
10,372

General and administrative expense
1,390

Interest expense
469

Occupancy, equipment and communications
1,892

Depreciation and amortization expense
174

Total expenses
14,297

 
 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income tax benefit
(2,300
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
(856
)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
$
(1,444
)

During the three months ended June 30, 2015, our net loss from discontinued operations was $1,444 and was primarily due to expenses related to salaries, commissions and benefits and occupancy, equipment and communications. These expenses were partially offset by gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net and other revenue associated with the discontinued operations. The expenses incurred for discontinued operations in the second quarter of 2016 were immaterial in amount and did not justify separate disclosure.

Segment Results from Continuing Operations

 
Total Assets
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Originations
$
671,148

 
$
647,287

Servicing
297,984

 
353,097

Financing
234,640

 
232,061

Other1
42,273

 
48,181

    Total
$
1,246,045

 
$
1,280,626

1 Includes intersegment eliminations and assets not allocated to the three reportable segments.


37


 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Originations
 
Servicing
 
Financing
 
Other/Eliminations1
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
28,193

 
$
141

 
$

 
$
(20
)
 
$
28,314

Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation

 
(17,927
)
 

 

 
(17,927
)
Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights

 
(10,148
)
 

 

 
(10,148
)
Loan origination and other loan fees
5,012

 

 
459

 
2

 
5,473

Loan servicing fees

 
13,712

 

 

 
13,712

Interest and other income
5,046

 
139

 
1,886

 
(1
)
 
7,070

Total revenues
$
38,251

 
$
(14,083
)
 
$
2,345

 
$
(19
)
 
$
26,494

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
15,781

 
1,642

 
435

 
5,693

 
23,551

General and administrative
3,139

 
652

 
253

 
2,423

 
6,467

Interest expense
4,260

 
872

 
459

 
1,233

 
6,824

Occupancy, equipment and communication
2,023

 
425

 
58

 
1,544

 
4,050

Depreciation and amortization
2,205

 
148

 
102

 
270

 
2,725

Corporate allocations
5,131

 
795

 
112

 
(6,038
)
 

Total expenses
$
32,539

 
$
4,534

 
$
1,419

 
$
5,125

 
$
43,617

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes
$
5,712

 
$
(18,617
)
 
$
926

 
$
(5,144
)
 
$
(17,123
)
1Includes intersegment eliminations and certain corporate income and expenses not allocated to the three reportable segments, such as those related to our accounting, executive administration, finance, internal audit, investor relations and legal departments.

 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
Originations
 
Servicing
 
Financing
 
Other/Eliminations1
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
41,171

 
$

 
$

 
$
49

 
$
41,220

Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation

 
17,753

 

 

 
17,753

Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights

 
(11,322
)
 

 

 
(11,322
)
Loan origination and other loan fees
6,162

 

 
303

 

 
6,465

Loan servicing fees

 
12,611

 

 

 
12,611

Interest and other income
7,011

 

 
1,694

 
14

 
8,719

Total revenues
$
54,344

 
$
19,042

 
$
1,997

 
$
63

 
$
75,446

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
22,429

 
2,285

 
574

 
7,259

 
32,547

General and administrative
3,427

 
837

 
173

 
4,179

 
8,616

Interest expense
5,269

 
1,772

 
657

 
128

 
7,826

Occupancy, equipment and communication
1,951

 
505

 
61

 
1,524

 
4,041

Depreciation and amortization
1,095

 
99

 
102

 
376

 
1,672

Corporate allocations
6,125

 
858

 
75

 
(7,058
)
 

Total expenses
$
40,296

 
$
6,356

 
$
1,642

 
$
6,408

 
$
54,702

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes
$
14,048

 
$
12,686

 
$
355

 
$
(6,345
)
 
$
20,744

1Includes intersegment eliminations and certain corporate income and expenses not allocated to the three reportable segments, such as those related to our accounting, executive administration, finance, internal audit, investor relations and legal departments.




38


Originations
The Originations segment reported income before taxes of $5,712 and $14,048 during the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. This decrease was the result of a decline in originations revenues primarily due to mortgage loan originations decreasing 26% period over period. This decline was partially offset by decreased expenses primarily due to reduced salaries, commissions and benefits from the decline in volume of originations and reduced staffing in support areas.
Gains on Mortgage Loans Held for Sale, Net

Our gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net during the three months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $12,978, or 32%, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015 primarily due to the 26% decrease in our originations volume and an 18 basis point reduction in our MSR capitalization rate. Our gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net during the three months ended June 30, 2016 were 121 bps of loan originations compared to 130 bps for the comparable period in 2015. The decreased gain on sale in basis points was due primarily to a decrease in our MSR capitalization rate, partially offset by increased margins on realized gain on sales as shown below. Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net consisted of the following components for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Variance
 
$
 
bps2
 
$
 
bps2
 
 
Realized gains on sales of loans
$
6,520

 
28

 
$
5,976

 
19

 
$
544

Capitalized servicing rights
27,585

 
118

 
43,028

 
136

 
(15,443
)
Economic hedge results
(2,169
)
 
(9
)
 
(2,391
)
 
(7
)
 
222

Provision for repurchases
(691
)
 
(3
)
 
(828
)
 
(3
)
 
137

Direct loan origination costs1
(3,052
)
 
(13
)
 
(4,614
)
 
(15
)
 
1,562

Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
28,193

 
121

 
$
41,171

 
$
130

 
$
(12,978
)
1 Includes costs directly related to specified activities performed for a particular loan to facilitate the sale of such loan and the creation of the capitalized servicing right.
2 Shown as a percentage of originations.

The components of Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net are described below.

Realized gains on sales of loans - Realized gains on sales of loans represent the difference between the actual sales proceeds received upon sale of the loans and Stonegate’s cost basis in acquiring/producing those loans, including loan discount fees, lender credits, yield spread premiums and servicing release premiums paid to correspondents. These items represent the components that factor into the pricing of the loans to our borrowers and represent the core “margin” elements of the loan sales. The increase in our realized gains on sales of loans during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the comparable period in 2015, was primarily due to improved margins from a decline in correspondent delegated loan production which produces lower margins.
Capitalized servicing rights - An originated mortgage loan inherently includes both the value of the coupon to the borrower as well as the servicing fee component to compensate the servicer for its activities. A key element of Stonegate’s strategy is to retain the servicing of its loans upon sale to investors in order to take advantage of the value of the servicing component. When Stonegate sells its loans “servicing retained”, a contractual separation of the servicing component occurs from the underlying mortgage loan. This results in the creation of an MSRs asset. As such, a component of the gain on mortgage loans held for sale is attributable to the creation of this MSRs asset and is based on the fair value of such MSRs asset at the time of its creation (i.e., upon separation from the underlying loan during the loan sale). The Company utilizes a third-party analytic tool to derive/estimate this initial MSRs fair value at the time of sale. The decrease in our capitalized servicing rights component for the three months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, relates to the decrease in our loan shipment volume and a decrease in the rate at which we capitalize these servicing rights at the time of separation from the underlying loan during the loan sale, which represents the initial fair value of the MSRs at the time of sale. A decrease in loan shipment volume results in a lower level of MSRs asset creation. The rate at which we capitalize these servicing rights decreased based on current market conditions.
Economic hedge results - Unrealized gains/losses on loans not yet sold and accounted for under the fair value option are included as a component of Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net. This includes the impact of recording such loans at fair value and the change from period to period based on market conditions. In addition, the change in value of Stonegate’s interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") and other loan-related derivatives are recorded in this financial statement line item. The Company also enters into forward sales of MBS securities linked to security issuances of GSEs (FNMA, FHLMC) and

39


GNMA for economic hedging purposes, as these instruments have similar characteristics to the loans held for sale by Stonegate which are also included here. The slight decrease in our economic hedge results for the three months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily relates to the decrease attributed to the net volume change period over period of interest rate lock commitments and loans held for sale.

Provision for repurchase/indemnification obligation - Stonegate makes certain representations and warranties to its investors and insurers on all loans sold. In the event of a breach of these reps and warranties, the Company may incur losses and/or be required to repurchase loans from the investor. A provision is made at the time of sale for an estimate of such expected losses, the amount of which is offset against this gain line item. We expect that the provision for mortgage repurchases and indemnifications may increase in relation to the expected growth in our originations; however, changing market conditions will also influence any trends in our provision. The decline in the provision for the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the second quarter last year is related to the decline in volume of loans originated and subsequently sold.

Direct loan origination costs - Stonegate offsets its gains/losses on mortgage loans held for sale, as described by the various categories above, with certain direct loan origination costs. These direct costs primarily relate to the following two circumstances:
i)
Costs directly associated with the origination of the mortgage loans that are paid to/incurred with a third party and are largely mandated by the investors as requirements for the loans to be sold. Such costs include net appraisal fees, credit report fees, document preparation and imaging, risk management and loan file review and certain FNMA/FHLMC/GNMA specific fees.
ii)
Costs directly associated with the contractual creation of the separate servicing component of the loans upon sale to the investors on a “servicing retained” basis. Such costs include the one-time upfront setup fees for life of loan tax services (including tracking and paying of tax payments to jurisdictions), fees paid to an outsource provider for valuation of initial MSRs created upon sale of the loan, and upfront recording fees at initial servicing setup.
    
The decrease in direct loan origination costs for the for the three months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, relates to the decrease in mortgage loan origination volume as well as lower retail channel mix as a percentage of total production.

Loan Origination and Other Loan Fees

Our loan origination and other loan fees during the three months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $1,150, or 19%, compared to the comparable period in 2015, Loan origination and other loan fees decreased primarily as a result of the decrease in the amount of loans originated during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015. However, our loan origination and other loan fees increased on a per loan basis for the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015 due to higher fees charged across our origination channels, partially offset by lower retail channel mix as a percentage of loan production.


The following table illustrates mortgage loan originations by type for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
$
 
% Total
 
$
 
% Total
Conventional
$
907,358

 
39
%
 
$1,167,565
 
37%
Government insured
1,391,596

 
59
%
 
1,839,243
 
58%
Non-agency/Other
44,458

 
2
%
 
152,232
 
5%
Total mortgage loan originations
$
2,343,412

 
100
%
 
$3,159,040
 
100%


40


The following is a summary of mortgage loan origination volume by channel for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
# of Loans
 
$
 
% Total
 
# of Loans
 
$
 
% Total
Retail
1,367

 
$
287,344

 
12
%
 
2,306

 
$
474,755

 
15
%
Wholesale
1,954

 
561,803

 
24
%
 
2,188

 
623,361

 
20
%
Correspondent
6,894

 
1,494,265

 
64
%
 
9,229

 
2,060,924

 
65
%
Total mortgage loan originations
10,215

 
$
2,343,412

 
100
%
 
13,723

 
$
3,159,040

 
100
%
We seek to manage asset quality and control credit risk by diversifying our loan portfolio and by applying policies designed to promote sound underwriting and loan monitoring practices. We perform various levels of analysis in order to monitor the overall risk profile of our mortgage originations and servicing portfolio. This analysis includes review of the LTV, FICO scores, delinquencies, defaults and historical loan losses. Monthly risk meetings are conducted where portfolio risk analysis, such as FICO and LTV combination migration, is studied to ensure that the population distributions are in accordance with acceptable risk parameters. In addition, default activity is evaluated in the context of credit spectrum to identify any emerging credit quality trends.
 A summary of the mortgage loan origination volume by FICO score and LTV for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:

 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
LTV Range
 
<70%
 
70%-80%
 
81%-90%
 
91%-100%
 
>100%
 
Total
 
% Total
FICO Score
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<620
$
646

 
$
1,894

 
$
2,711

 
$
16,247

 
$
183

 
$
21,681

 
1
%
620-680
29,476

 
53,866

 
90,550

 
487,212

 
5,237

 
666,341

 
28
%
681-719
43,830

 
83,450

 
86,881

 
299,467

 
4,830

 
518,458

 
22
%
>719
235,966

 
335,393

 
156,369

 
401,568

 
7,636

 
1,136,932

 
49
%
Total mortgage loan originations
$
309,918

 
$
474,603

 
$
336,511

 
$
1,204,494

 
$
17,886

 
$
2,343,412

 
100
%
% Total
13
%
 
20
%
 
14
%
 
52
%
 
1
%
 
100
%
 
 


 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
LTV Range
 
<70%
 
70%-80%
 
81%-90%
 
91%-100%
 
>100%
 
Total
 
% Total
FICO Score
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<620
$
2,137

 
$
3,233

 
$
4,141

 
$
30,730

 
$
119

 
$
40,360

 
1
%
620-680
40,979

 
77,011

 
98,408

 
587,560

 
5,915

 
$
809,873

 
25
%
681-719
58,318

 
99,391

 
107,569

 
440,581

 
6,334

 
$
712,193

 
23
%
>719
352,472

 
467,995

 
221,667

 
543,620

 
10,860

 
$
1,596,614

 
51
%
Total mortgage loan originations
$
453,906

 
$
647,630

 
$
431,785

 
$
1,602,491

 
$
23,228

 
$
3,159,040

 
100
%
% Total
14
%
 
21
%
 
14
%
 
50
%
 
1
%
 
100
%
 
 
Interest and Other Income

Interest and other income related to our Originations segment decreased $1,965 during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015. The decrease in interest and other income was primarily a result of less origination volume and lower average coupon rates during the three months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015. There is a direct correlation between interest and other income and mortgage loan origination.


Salaries, Commissions and Benefits Expense

Salaries, commissions and benefits expense related to our Originations segment decreased $6,648, or 30%, during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015. This decrease was primarily a result of decreased commissions and incentives related to the decreased volume of originations, and reduced salaries and related benefit

41


costs due to the reduction of revenue-producing and support positions. Headcount related to our Originations segment decreased from 982 employees at June 30, 2015 to 546 employees at June 30, 2016.

Interest Expense

Interest expense related to our Originations segment decreased $1,010, or 19%, primarily due to lower origination volume, partially offset by 30 bps higher cost of funds on borrowing lines tied to LIBOR.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense related to our Originations segment increased $1,110 during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to increased capital expenditures during 2015 related to major additions to our information technology systems for regulatory compliance, accounting and operations. We expect to see continued increased technology expenses in our efforts to adhere to the increasing regulatory environment.

Servicing

The Servicing segment incurred losses before taxes of $18,617 during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to income before taxes of $12,686 during the three months ended June 30, 2015 primarily due to a larger decline in the value of our MSRs during the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015. Partially offsetting those declines was an increase in loan servicing revenue, and lower levels of amortization of MSRs related to payoffs and principal reductions and operating expenses.

The following is a summary of certain metrics specific to the Servicing segment as of June 30, 2016 and 2015:

 
As of June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Servicing Portfolio UPB
$
14,137,897

 
$
17,244,304

Number of Loans Serviced (units)
76,791

 
91,934

Weighted Average Coupon
3.8
%
 
4.02
%
Weighted Average Age (in months)
18

 
13

90+ day Delinquency Rate
0.71
%
 
0.62
%
Weighted Average FICO score
720

 
718

Weighted Average Servicing Fee (in basis points)
31

 
30

Capitalized Loan Servicing Portfolio
$
132,813

 
$
209,343

Capitalized Servicing Rate1
0.94
%
 
1.21
%
Capitalized Servicing Multiple
3.06

 
4.08

1Represents MSR value divided by ending UPB servicing portfolio.

 
As of June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Gross Constant Prepayment Rate1
19.17
%
 
24.29
%
Adjusted Constant Prepayment Rate2
16.13
%
 
18.64
%
Average Total Loan Servicing Portfolio
$
17,322,698

 
$
16,613,832

Average Capitalized Loan Servicing Portfolio
$
167,128

 
$
185,500

Payoffs and Principal Curtailments of Capitalized Portfolio
$
969,585

 
$
1,004,675

Sales of Capitalized Portfolio
$
5,172,610

 
$
1,845,207


1Represents the rate at which a pool of mortgage loans' remaining balance is prepaid each month. The rate is calculated on an annualized basis and expressed as a percentage of the outstanding principal balance.
2Represents the constant prepayment rate, reduced by the amount of the prepaid mortgage loans recaptured by our origination channels. The rate then expresses that percentage of the "net prepaid loans" as an annualized percentage of the period beginning outstanding principal balance.

42



Changes in Mortgage Servicing Rights Valuation
    
The decrease in the fair value of our MSRs during the three months ended June 30, 2016 was driven primarily by overall lower rates and the flattening of the yield curve during the three months ended June 30, 2016, relative to the same period last year. Decreasing interest rates generally result in decreased MSRs values as the assumption for prepayment speeds of the underlying mortgage loans tends to increase (mortgage loans prepay faster) and a flattening yield curve decreases the expected value of interest and other income from the escrow balances held by us.  The key assumptions used in the estimation of the fair value of MSRs include prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, cost to service, contractual servicing fees, escrow earnings and ancillary income. The shape of the forward yield curve also has an impact on the asset valuation. We believe that the use of the forward yield curve better presents fair value of MSRs because the forward yield curve is the market’s expectation of future interest rates based on its expectation of inflation and other economic conditions. Mortgage rates were lower during the period ended June 30, 2016 than they were during the period ended June 30, 2015. Market volatility late in the second quarter of 2016 contributed to the significant decline in MSR value in the current period as compared to prior periods.

The spread between the weighted average coupon and current market rates determines modeled prepayment speed.  During the three months ended June 30, 2016, the weighted average coupon of our MSRs portfolio was lower in comparison to June 30, 2015 and, mortgage rates were also lower during the period ended June 30, 2016 than they were during the period ended June 30, 2015.  In addition, there were several MSR sales between these two periods, which changed the mix and characteristics of the overall portfolio.  The combination of these factors increased current prepayment estimates and prepayment estimates in the interest rate shifts.  Please see our disclosures in the "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk" section of this Management's Discussion and Analysis for further details on how interest rate fluctuations impact our MSRs valuation and the sensitivity of the yield curve.


Payoffs and Principal Amortization of Mortgage Servicing Rights Portfolio

During the three months ended June 30, 2016, this amount was $10,148, compared to $11,322, or a decline of 10% during the current period.  The decrease in run-off and paid off loans correlates with a decrease in constant prepayment speeds during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, offset by an increase in our average servicing portfolio.
 

Loan Servicing Fees

The following is a summary of loan servicing fee income by component for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Contractual servicing fees
$
13,051

 
$
11,842

Late fees
661

 
769

Loan servicing fees
$
13,712

 
$
12,611

 
 
 
 
Servicing fees as a percentage of average portfolio (annualized)
0.32
%
 
0.30
%

Our loan servicing fees increased to $13,712 during the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $12,611 during the three months ended June 30, 2015. The 8.7% increase in our loan servicing fees was primarily the result of our higher average servicing portfolio of $17.3 billion during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to an average servicing portfolio of $16.6 billion during the three months ended June 30, 2015. Our loan servicing fees, as a percentage of our average servicing portfolio and annualized, were 32 bps for the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to 30 bps for the three months ended June 30, 2015.

Salaries, Commissions and Benefits Expense

Salaries, commissions and benefits expense related to our Servicing segment decreased $643, or 28%, during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily as a result of reduced staffing in the

43


Servicing segment. Headcount related to our Servicing segment decreased from 100 employees at June 30, 2015 and 89 employees at June 30, 2016.

Interest Expense

Interest expense related to our Servicing segment decreased $900 during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to lower borrowings on our MSR loans.

Financing
The Financing segment provides warehouse lending activities to correspondent customers through our NattyMac subsidiary. The Financing segment reported income before taxes of $926 and $355 during the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The higher income in the current period is primarily due to increased interest and other income resulting from higher volume of warehouse loan originations as we continue to grow with new customer applications and increased warehouse line commitments within our existing customer base. Originations funded by our NattyMac subsidiary grew to $1.2 billion during the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $0.9 billion during the three months ended June 30, 2015. The increased income before taxes for Financing was also the result of reduced expenses, primarily salaries, commissions and benefits and interest expense. As operations continue to grow, we expect revenues to increase in line with originations that are funded by NattyMac and the related expenses, on a per loan basis, to decrease due to the anticipated continued increase in volume.
Total Revenues
Total revenues related to our Financing segment increased $348 during the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, due to our overall warehouse lending activity growth. The following details the increases in total revenues:
Our loan origination and other loan fees during the three months ended June 30, 2016 increased $156, compared to the comparable period in 2015, due to higher origination volume, as discussed above.
The increase in interest and other income of $192 was primarily a result of the increase in warehouse loan originations funded during the three months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015, as there is a direct correlation between interest and other income and warehouse loan origination activity.

Total Expenses

Total expenses related to our Financing segment decreased $223 during the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015 primarily due to a decrease in salaries, commissions, and benefits and interest expense.

Results of Operations

Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2015

Our consolidated results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 are presented below. We will then discuss the results of continuing operations separately from the results of discontinued operations for each respective

44


period.
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
51,435

 
$
86,221

 
$
(34,786
)
 
(40)%
Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation
(53,647
)
 
(6,437
)
 
(47,210
)
 
733%
Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights
(17,396
)
 
(25,088
)
 
7,692

 
(31)%
Loan origination and other loan fees
9,935

 
11,812

 
(1,877
)
 
(16)%
Loan servicing fees
27,158

 
26,950

 
208

 
1%
Interest and other income
13,985

 
16,908

 
(2,923
)
 
(17)%
Total revenues
31,470

 
110,366

 
(78,896
)
 
(71)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Salaries, commissions and benefits
46,777

 
61,985

 
(15,208
)
 
(25)%
General and administrative
13,481

 
16,018

 
(2,537
)
 
(16)%
Interest expense
14,073

 
15,850

 
(1,777
)
 
(11)%
Occupancy, equipment and communications
8,298

 
8,266

 
32

 
—%
Depreciation and amortization expense
5,271

 
3,382

 
1,889

 
56%
Total expenses
87,900

 
105,501

 
(17,601
)
 
(17)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Income (loss) before income tax benefit
(56,430
)
 
4,865

 
(61,295
)
 
(1,260)%
Income tax expense (benefit)
(1,755
)
 
1,841

 
(3,596
)
 
(195)%
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax
(54,675
)
 
3,024

 
(57,699
)
 
(1,908)%
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(3,009
)
 
3,009

 
(100)%
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
(54,675
)
 
15

 
(54,690
)
 
(364,600)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Weighted average diluted shares outstanding (in thousands)
25,811

 
25,781

 
30

 
—%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Basic earnings (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  From continuing operations
$
(2.12
)
 
$
0.12

 
$
(2.24
)
 
(1,867)%
  From discontinued operations
$

 
$
(0.12
)
 
$
0.12

 
(100)%
     Total basic earnings (loss) per share
$
(2.12
)
 
$

 
$
(2.12
)
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  From continuing operations
$
(2.12
)
 
$
0.12

 
$
(2.24
)
 
(1,867)%
  From discontinued operations
$

 
$
(0.12
)
 
$
0.12

 
(100)%
     Total diluted earnings (loss) per share
$
(2.12
)
 
$

 
$
(2.12
)
 


Continuing Operations
Revenues
During the six months ended June 30, 2016, total revenues decreased $78,896, or 71%, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015. The decrease in revenues was predominantly the result of a higher negative change in the fair value of our MSRs and decreases in gains on mortgage loans held for sale for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, partially offset by a decline in loan payoffs and principal amortization of MSRs for the same period.
Our gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net during the six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $34,786, or 40%, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to the 26% decrease in our originations volume from continuing operations. Our gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net during the six months ended June 30, 2016 were 120 basis points of loan originations compared to 150 basis points for the comparable period in 2015. The decrease in basis point gain on sale was due primarily to the lower MSR capitalization rate, as further discussed in the Segment Results section.
The greater decrease in the fair value of our MSRs for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the same period last year was driven by the direction of interest rates in the two periods. Decreasing interest rates generally result in decreased MSRs values, as the assumption for prepayment speeds of the underlying mortgage loans tends to increase (mortgage loans prepay faster) and a flattening yield curve decreases the expected value of interest and other income from the escrow balances we maintain. The decrease in the fair value of our MSRs during the six months ended June 30, 2016 was driven primarily by overall lower rates and the flattening of the yield curve during the six months ended June 30, 2016, relative to the same period last year.

45


The decrease in payoffs and principal amortization of our MSRs was driven primarily by the direction of market interest rates during the first part of the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015. The decrease in run-off and paid off loans correlates with a 7% decrease in related constant prepayment speeds during the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015.
Loan origination and other loan fees decreased primarily as a result of the decrease in the amount of loans originated during the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, as well as lower margins due to the shifting of our loan portfolio mix away from the retail channel.
Loan servicing fees were flat period to period as a result of minimal change in our average servicing portfolios of $17.5 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2016, and average servicing portfolio of $17.6 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2015. Our loan servicing fees, as a percentage of our average servicing portfolio and annualized, were 31 bps for the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to 31 bps for the six months ended June 30, 2015.
The decrease in interest and other income was primarily a result of the 26% decrease in mortgage loan originations during the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, as there is a direct correlation between interest and other income and mortgage loan origination activity.
Expenses

Total expenses from continuing operations decreased $17,601 or 17% for the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the same period ended June 30, 2015. Total expenses have decreased due to 1) a 26% decrease in total originations and the related costs associated with lower originations; 2) a decrease in retail originations, which is a higher cost origination channel as compared to our correspondent and wholesale channels; and 3) reductions in expense from a planned reduction in support staff that occurred in the fourth quarter of 2015.

With the expected compliance costs related to increased industry regulations, we plan to maximize our potential return by focusing on lowering expenses through continued investments in information technology and enhancing process efficiencies. We will invest in additional infrastructure to increase automation within our systems surrounding critical areas, particularly related to core operating systems, as well as corporate support areas.

Salaries, commissions and benefits expense from continuing operations decreased $15,208, or 25%, during the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily as a result of decreased commission and incentive compensation expense related to the decline in origination volume and decreased salaries and payroll taxes due to the reduced headcount in revenue producing positions and in segment and corporate support areas. Our total headcount decreased from 1,349 employees at June 30, 2015 to 865 employees at June 30, 2016.

General and administrative expenses decreased $2,537, or 16% , during the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to recent cost control focus, lower headcount, and less reliance on outside services related to TRID readiness. Significant declines occurred in outside services, dues and subscriptions and travel and entertainment expenses.
    
Interest expense from continuing operations decreased $1,777, or 11%, during the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to decreased borrowings as a result of the decrease in the volume of mortgage loans originated and funded in the current period, partially offset by a higher cost of funds related to LIBOR based borrowings. We expect that interest expense will generally move in direct correlation to changes in our origination and servicing portfolio trends in future periods.

Depreciation and amortization expense from continuing operations increased $1,889, or 56%, during the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to increased property and equipment and software expenditures during 2015 related to major additions to our information technology systems for regulatory compliance, accounting, and operations.

We reported income tax benefit of $1,755 and expense of $1,841 for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, with an effective tax rate of (3.1%) and 37.8%, respectively. The decrease in income tax expense is due primarily to decreased income before tax period over period. Additionally, we recognized a valuation allowance of $19.4 million against our deferred tax assets related to our net operating loss carryforwards of $167.9 million of was recorded as of June 30, 2016.

Discontinued Operations


46


Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2015

In 2015, we made the decision to dispose of certain retail branches, or components of our Originations segment, either by sale or closure. We completed the closure of 62 of our retail branches as of December 31, 2015. Additionally, on October 29, 2015, we sold to an unrelated third party certain assets associated with 14 retail branches. Under the new guidance of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-08, we determined that the disposal of these retail branches represented a major strategic shift in our operations and, therefore, should be presented and disclosed as discontinued operations. There were no new additional discontinued operations in the six months ended June 30, 2016 with a material impact, however, transactions related to the 2015 discontinued operations are reflected below.

Our consolidated results of discontinued operations for the six months ended June 30, 2015 are as follows:

 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2015
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
17,954

Loan origination and other loan fees
2,256

Interest and other income
1,186

Total revenues
21,396

 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
18,882

General and administrative expense
2,520

Interest expense
854

Occupancy, equipment and communications
3,528

Depreciation and amortization expense
245

Total expenses
26,029

 
 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income tax benefit
(4,633
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
(1,624
)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
$
(3,009
)

During the six months ended June 30, 2015, our net loss from discontinued operations was $3,009 and was primarily due to expenses related to salaries, commissions and benefits and occupancy, equipment and communications. These expenses were partially offset by gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net and other revenue associated with the discontinued operations. The expenses incurred for discontinued operations during the six months ended June 30, 2016 were immaterial in amount to justify separate disclosure.

Segment Results from Continuing Operations

 
Total Assets
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Originations
$
671,148

 
$
647,287

Servicing
297,984

 
353,097

Financing
234,640

 
232,061

Other1
42,273

 
48,181

    Total
$
1,246,045

 
$
1,280,626

1 Includes intersegment eliminations and assets not allocated to the three reportable segments.



47


 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Originations
 
Servicing
 
Financing
 
Other/Eliminations1
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
50,680

 
$
712

 
$

 
$
43

 
$
51,435

Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation

 
(53,647
)
 

 

 
(53,647
)
Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights

 
(17,396
)
 

 

 
(17,396
)
Loan origination and other loan fees
9,143

 

 
784

 
8

 
9,935

Loan servicing fees

 
27,158

 

 

 
27,158

Interest and other income
9,946

 
245

 
3,783

 
11

 
13,985

Total revenues
69,769

 
(42,928
)
 
4,567

 
62

 
31,470

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
30,366

 
3,395

 
906

 
12,110

 
46,777

General and administrative
5,842

 
1,132

 
408

 
6,099

 
13,481

Interest expense
8,485

 
1,949

 
1,235

 
2,404

 
14,073

Occupancy, equipment and communication
3,919

 
869

 
111

 
3,399

 
8,298

Depreciation and amortization
4,154

 
271

 
200

 
646

 
5,271

Corporate allocations
10,854

 
1,726

 
238

 
(12,818
)
 

Total expenses
63,620

 
9,342

 
3,098

 
11,840

 
87,900

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes
$
6,149

 
$
(52,270
)
 
$
1,469

 
$
(11,778
)
 
$
(56,430
)

1 Includes intersegment eliminations and certain corporate income and expenses not allocated to the three reportable segments, such as those related to our accounting, executive administration, finance, internal audit, investor relations and legal departments.

 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
Originations
 
Servicing
 
Financing
 
Other/Eliminations1
 
Consolidated
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
86,172

 
$

 
$

 
$
49

 
$
86,221

Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation

 
(6,437
)
 

 

 
(6,437
)
Payoffs and principal amortization of mortgage servicing rights

 
(25,088
)
 

 

 
(25,088
)
Loan origination and other loan fees
11,235

 

 
577

 

 
11,812

Loan servicing fees

 
26,950

 

 

 
26,950

Interest and other income
13,378

 

 
3,428

 
102

 
16,908

Total revenues
110,785

 
(4,575
)
 
4,005

 
151

 
110,366

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, commissions and benefits
42,020

 
4,401

 
1,093

 
14,471

 
61,985

General and administrative
6,142

 
1,278

 
308

 
8,290

 
16,018

Interest expense
9,631

 
4,305

 
1,660

 
254

 
15,850

Occupancy, equipment and communication
3,663

 
987

 
119

 
3,497

 
8,266

Depreciation and amortization
2,262

 
198

 
203

 
719

 
3,382

Corporate allocations
13,284

 
1,840

 
152

 
(15,276
)
 

Total expenses
77,002

 
13,009

 
3,535

 
11,955

 
105,501

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes
$
33,783

 
$
(17,584
)
 
$
470

 
$
(11,804
)
 
$
4,865


1 Includes intersegment eliminations and certain corporate income and expenses not allocated to the three reportable segments, such as those related to our accounting, executive administration, finance, internal audit, investor relations and legal departments.


48


Originations
The Originations segment reported income before taxes of $6,149 and $33,783 during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. This decrease was the result of a decline in all Originations revenues primarily due to lower gain on sale of loans as mortgage loan originations decreased 26% period over period. This decline was partially offset with decreased expenses of $13,382 primarily due to reduced Salaries, Commissions and Benefits from the decline in volume of originations and reduced staffing in support areas.
Gains on Mortgage Loans Held for Sale, Net

Our gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net during the six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $35,492 , or 41%, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015 primarily due to the 26% decrease in our originations volume and reduced margins on loan sales. Our gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net during the six months ended June 30, 2016 were 120 bps of loan originations compared to 150 bps for the comparable period in 2015. The decreased gain on sale in basis points was due primarily to a 17 basis point reduction of our MSR capitalization rate due to changes in the interest rate environment. Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net consisted of the following components for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Variance
 
$
 
bps2
 
$
 
bps2
 
 
Realized gains on sales of loans
$
6,335

 
15

 
$
8,323

 
14

 
$
(1,988
)
Capitalized servicing rights
48,730

 
114

 
75,267

 
132

 
(26,537
)
Economic hedge results
2,419

 
7

 
12,785

 
22

 
(10,366
)
Provision for repurchases
(1,256
)
 
(3
)
 
(1,507
)
 
(3
)
 
251

Direct loan origination costs1
(5,548
)
 
(13
)
 
(8,696
)
 
(15
)
 
3,148

Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net
$
50,680

 
120

 
$
86,172

 
150

 
$
(35,492
)
1 Includes costs directly related to specified activities performed for a particular loan to facilitate the sale of such loan and the creation of the capitalized servicing right.
2 Shown as a percentage of originations.

The components of Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net are described below.

Realized gains on sales of loans - Realized gains on sales of loans represent the difference between the actual sales proceeds received upon sale of the loans and Stonegate’s cost basis in acquiring/producing those loans, including loan discount fees, lender credits, yield spread premiums and servicing release premiums paid to correspondents. These items represent the components that factor into the pricing of the loans to our borrowers and represent the core “margin” elements of the loan sales. The decrease in our realized gains on sales of loans during the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the comparable period in 2015, was primarily due to lower origination volume in light of our shift from retail brokers to more correspondent who produce a lower cash margin.
Capitalized servicing rights - An originated mortgage loan inherently includes both the value of the coupon to the borrower as well as the servicing fee component to compensate the servicer for its activities. A key element of Stonegate’s strategy is to retain the servicing of its loans upon sale to investors in order to take advantage of the value of the servicing component. When Stonegate sells its loans “servicing retained”, a contractual separation of the servicing component occurs from the underlying mortgage loan. This results in the creation of an MSRs asset. As such, a component of the gain on mortgage loans held for sale is attributable to the creation of this MSRs asset and is based on the fair value of such MSRs asset at the time of its creation (i.e., upon separation from the underlying loan during the loan sale). The Company utilizes a third-party analytic tool to derive/estimate this initial MSRs fair value at the time of sale. The decrease in our capitalized servicing rights component for the six months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, relates to the decrease in our loan shipment volume and a decrease in the rate at which we capitalize these servicing rights at the time of separation from the underlying loan during the loan sale, which represents the initial fair value of the MSRs at the time of sale. A decrease in loan origination volume results in a lower level of MSRs asset creation. The rate at which we capitalize these servicing rights decreased based on current market conditions.
Economic hedge results - Unrealized gains/losses on loans not yet sold and accounted for under the fair value option are included as a component of Gains on mortgage loans held for sale, net. This includes the impact of recording such loans at fair value and the change from period to period based on market conditions. In addition, the change in value of Stonegate’s interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") and other loan-related derivatives are recorded in this financial statement

49


line item. The Company also enters into forward sales of MBS securities linked to security issuances of GSEs (FNMA, FHLMC) and GNMA for economic hedging purposes, as these instruments have similar characteristics to the loans held for sale by Stonegate which are also included here. The decrease in our economic hedge results for the six months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily relates to the decrease attributed to the net volume change period over period of interest rate lock commitments and loans held for sale.

Provision for repurchase/indemnification obligation - Stonegate makes certain representations and warranties to its investors and insurers on all loans sold. In the event of a breach of these reps and warranties, the Company may incur losses and/or be required to repurchase loans from the investor. A provision is made at the time of sale for an estimate of such expected losses, the amount of which is offset against this gain line item. We expect that the provision for mortgage repurchases and indemnifications may increase in relation to the expected growth in our originations; however, changing market conditions will also influence any trends in our provision. As stated above, the decline in the provision for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the second quarter last year is related to the decline in volume of loans originated and subsequently sold.

Direct loan origination costs - Stonegate offsets its gains/losses on mortgage loans held for sale, as described by the various categories above, with certain direct loan origination costs. These direct costs primarily relate to the following two circumstances:
i)
Costs directly associated with the origination of the mortgage loans that are paid to/incurred with a third party and are largely mandated by the investors as requirements for the loans to be sold. Such costs include net appraisal fees, credit report fees, document preparation and imaging, risk management and loan file review and certain FNMA/FHLMC/GNMA specific fees.
ii)
Costs directly associated with the contractual creation of the separate servicing component of the loans upon sale to the investors on a “servicing retained” basis. Such costs include the one-time upfront setup fees for life of loan tax services (including tracking and paying of tax payments to jurisdictions), fees paid to an outsource provider for valuation of initial MSRs created upon sale of the loan, and upfront recording fees at initial servicing setup.
    
The decrease in direct loan origination costs for the for the six months ended June 30, 2016, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, relates to the decrease in mortgage loan origination volume.

Loan Origination and Other Loan Fees

Our loan origination and other loan fees during the six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $2,092, or 19%, compared to the comparable period in 2015. Loan origination and other loan fees decreased primarily as a result of the decrease in the amount of loans originated during the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015. Additionally, we experienced a decline in loans originated in our retail channel as a percentage of production. However, our loan origination and other loan fees increased on a per loan basis for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015 due to an increase in fees charged.


The following table illustrates mortgage loan originations by type for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
$
 
% Total
 
$
 
% Total
Conventional
$
1,670,456

 
39
%
 
$
2,370,052

 
41
%
Government insured
2,530,330

 
59
%
 
3,103,193

 
54
%
Non-agency/Other
84,095

 
2
%
 
293,092

 
5
%
Total mortgage loan originations
$
4,284,881

 
100
%
 
$
5,766,337

 
100
%

50


The following is a summary of mortgage loan origination volume by channel for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
# of Loans
 
$
 
% Total
 
# of Loans
 
$
 
% Total
Retail
2,391

 
$
502,652

 
12
%
 
3,913

 
$
837,695

 
14
%
Wholesale
3,469

 
989,853

 
23
%
 
4,952

 
1,430,107

 
25
%
Correspondent
13,014

 
2,792,376

 
65
%
 
15,830

 
3,498,535

 
61
%
Total mortgage loan originations
18,874

 
$
4,284,881

 
100
%
 
24,695

 
$
5,766,337

 
100
%
We seek to manage asset quality and control credit risk by diversifying our loan portfolio and by applying policies designed to promote sound underwriting and loan monitoring practices. We perform various levels of analysis in order to monitor the overall risk profile of our mortgage originations and servicing portfolio. This analysis includes review of the LTV, FICO scores, delinquencies, defaults and historical loan losses. Monthly risk meetings are conducted where portfolio risk analysis, such as FICO and LTV combination migration, is studied to ensure that the population distributions are in accordance with acceptable risk parameters. In addition, default activity is evaluated in the context of credit spectrum to identify any emerging credit quality trends.
 A summary of the mortgage loan origination volume by FICO score and LTV for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
LTV Range
 
<70%
 
70%-80%
 
81%-90%
 
91%-100%
 
>100%
 
Total
 
% Total
FICO Score
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<620
$
1,170

 
$
3,495

 
$
7,238

 
$
37,281

 
$
1,086

 
$
50,270

 
1
%
620-680
57,666

 
116,663

 
167,856

 
874,458

 
11,426

 
1,228,069

 
29
%
681-719
80,822

 
150,304

 
156,256

 
538,274

 
6,704

 
932,360

 
22
%
>719
434,830

 
609,826

 
290,268

 
724,620

 
14,638

 
2,074,182

 
48
%
Total mortgage loan originations
$
574,488

 
$
880,288

 
$
621,618

 
$
2,174,633

 
$
33,854

 
$
4,284,881

 
100
%
% Total
13
%
 
21
%
 
15
%
 
50
%
 
1
%
 
100
%
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
LTV Range 
 
<70% 
 
70%-80%
 
81%-90%
 
91%-100%
 
>100% 
 
Total
 
% Total
FICO Score
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<620
$
3,790

 
$
5,852

 
$
6,387

 
$
50,829

 
$
3,377

 
$
70,235

 
1
%
620-680
79,720

 
147,958

 
183,184

 
1,001,162

 
10,349

 
1,422,373

 
25
%
681-719
120,019

 
210,950

 
199,570

 
737,807

 
11,716

 
1,280,062

 
22
%
>719
734,814

 
934,103

 
399,779

 
907,183

 
17,788

 
2,993,667

 
52
%
Total mortgage loan originations
$
938,343

 
$
1,298,863

 
$
788,920

 
$
2,696,981

 
$
43,230

 
$
5,766,337

 
100
%
% Total
16
%
 
23
%
 
14
%
 
46
%
 
1
%
 
100
%
 
 

Interest and Other Income

Interest and other income related to our Originations segment decreased $3,432, or 26%, during the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015. The decrease in interest and other income was primarily a result of less origination volume. There is a direct correlation between interest and other income and mortgage loan origination.

Salaries, Commissions and Benefits Expense

Salaries, commissions and benefits expense related to our Originations segment decreased $11,654, or 28%, during the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015. This decrease was primarily a result of decreased commissions and incentives related to the decreased volume of originations, and reduced salaries and related benefit costs due to the reduction of revenue-producing and support positions. Headcount related to our Originations segment decreased from 982 employees at June 30, 2015 to 546 employees at June 30, 2016.


51


Interest Expense

Interest expense related to our Originations segment decreased $1,146, or 12%, primarily due to lower origination volume, partially offset by a higher cost of funds on borrowing lines tied to LIBOR.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense related to our Originations segment increased $1,892 during the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to increased capital expenditures during 2015 related to major additions to our information technology systems for regulatory compliance, accounting and operations. We expect to see continued increased expenses in our efforts to adhere to the increasing regulatory environment.

Servicing

The Servicing segment incurred losses before taxes of $52,270 and $17,584 during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, due primarily to a larger decline in the value of our MSRs during the second quarter of 2016 compared to the second quarter of 2015. Partially offsetting that decline was a realized gain on our MSR bulk sale in the second quarter of 2016 and a lower level of amortization of MSRs related to payoffs and principal reductions and operating expenses.

The following is a summary of certain metrics specific to the Servicing segment as of June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
As of June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Servicing Portfolio UPB
$
14,137,897

 
17,244,304
Number of Loans Serviced (units)
76,791

 
91,934

Weighted Average Coupon
3.80
%
 
4.02
%
Weighted Average Age (in months)
18

 
13

90+ day Delinquency Rate
0.6
%
 
0.62
%
Weighted Average FICO score
720

 
718

Weighted Average Servicing Fee (in basis points)
29

 
30

Capitalized Loan Servicing Portfolio
$
132,813

 
$
209,343

Capitalized Servicing Rate1
0.94
%
 
1.21
%
Capitalized Servicing Multiple
3.06

 
4.08

1Represents MSR value divided by ending UPB servicing portfolio.
 
As of June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Gross Constant Prepayment Rate1
16.42
%
 
23.25
%
Adjusted Constant Prepayment Rate2
13.87
%
 
17.87
%
Average Total Loan Servicing Portfolio
$
17,536,047

 
$
17,613,034

Average Capitalized Loan Servicing Portfolio
$
167,128

 
$
190,492

Payoffs and Principal Curtailments of Capitalized Portfolio
$
969,585

 
$
2,319,299

Sales of Capitalized Portfolio
$
5,172,610

 
$
4,556,268


1Represents the rate at which a pool of mortgage loans' remaining balance is prepaid each month. The rate is calculated on an annualized basis and expressed as a percentage of the outstanding principal balance.
2Represents the constant prepayment rate, reduced by the amount of the prepaid mortgage loans recaptured by our origination channels. The rate then expresses that percentage of the "net prepaid loans" as an annualized percentage of the period beginning outstanding principal balance.

Changes in Mortgage Servicing Rights Valuation
    
The decrease in the fair value of our MSRs during the six months ended June 30, 2016 was driven primarily by overall lower rates and the flattening of the yield curve during the six months ended June 30, 2016, relative to the same period last year.  

52


Decreasing interest rates generally result in decreased MSRs values as the assumption for prepayment speeds of the underlying mortgage loans tends to increase (mortgage loans prepay faster) and a flattening yield curve decreases the expected value of interest and other income from the escrow balances held by us.  The key assumptions used in the estimation of the fair value of MSRs include prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, cost to service, contractual servicing fees, escrow earnings and ancillary income. The shape of the forward yield curve also has an impact on the asset valuation. We believe that the use of the forward yield curve better presents fair value of MSRs because the forward yield curve is the market’s expectation of future interest rates based on its expectation of inflation and other economic conditions. Mortgage rates were lower during the period ended June 30, 2016 than they were during the period ended June 30, 2015. Market volatility late in the second quarter of 2016 contributed to the significant decline in MSR value in the current period as compared to prior periods.

The spread between the weighted average coupon and current market rates determines modeled prepayment speed.  During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the weighted average coupon of our MSRs portfolio was lower in comparison to June 30, 2015 and, mortgage rates were also lower during the period ended June 30, 2016 than they were during the period ended June 30, 2015.  In addition, there were several MSR sales between these two periods, which changed the mix and characteristics of the overall portfolio.  The combination of these factors increased current prepayment estimates and prepayment estimates in the interest rate shifts.  Please see our disclosures in the "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk" section of this Management's Discussion and Analysis for further details on how interest rate fluctuations impact our MSRs valuation and the sensitivity of the yield curve.

Payoffs and Principal Amortization of Mortgage Servicing Rights Portfolio

During the six months ended June 30, 2016, this amount was $17,396, compared to $25,088, or a decline of 31% during the current period.  The decrease in run-off and paid off loans correlates with a 7% decrease in constant prepayment speeds during the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, as well as a slight decrease in our average servicing portfolio.

Loan Servicing Fees

The following is a summary of loan servicing fee income by component for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Contractual servicing fees
$
25,756

 
$
25,370

Late fees
1,402

 
1,580

Loan servicing fees
$
27,158

 
$
26,950

 
 
 
 
Servicing fees as a percentage of average portfolio (annualized)
0.31
%
 
0.31
%
Our loan servicing fees increased to $27,158 during the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $26,950 during the six months ended June 30, 2015. Our average servicing portfolio of $17.5 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2016, was comparable to the average servicing portfolio of $17.6 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2015. Our loan servicing fees, as a percentage of our average servicing portfolio and annualized, were 31 bps for the six months ended June 30, 2016, and for the six months ended June 30, 2015.

Salaries, Commissions and Benefits Expense

Salaries, commissions and benefits expense related to our Servicing segment decreased $1,006, or 23%, during the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily as a result of reduced costs related to reduced staffing. Headcount related to our Servicing segment was 100 employees at June 30, 2015 and 89 employees at June 30, 2016,

Interest Expense

Interest expense related to our Servicing segment decreased $2,356 during the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, primarily due to lower borrowings on our MSR loans.


53


Financing
The Financing segment provides warehouse lending activities to correspondent customers through our NattyMac subsidiary. The Financing segment reported income before taxes of $1,469 and $470 during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The higher income in the current period is primarily due to increased interest and other income resulting from higher volume of warehouse loan originations as we continue to grow with new customer applications and increased warehouse line commitments within our existing customer base. Originations funded by our NattyMac subsidiary grew to $2.1 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $1.5 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2015. The increased income before taxes for Financing was also the result of reduced expenses, primarily salaries, commissions and benefits and interest expense. As operations continue to grow, we expect revenues to increase in line with originations that are funded by NattyMac and the related expenses, on a per loan basis, to decrease due to the anticipated continued increase in volume.
Total Revenues
Total revenues related to our Financing segment increased $562 during the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, due to our overall warehouse lending activity growth. The following details the increases in total revenues:
Our loan origination and other loan fees during the six months ended June 30, 2016 increased $207, compared to the comparable period in 2015, due to higher origination volume, as discussed above.
The increase in interest and other income was primarily a result of the increase in warehouse loan originations funded during the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, as there is a direct correlation between interest and other income and warehouse loan origination activity.

Total Expenses

Total expenses related to our Financing segment decreased $437 during the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015 primarily due to a decrease in salaries, commissions and benefits and interest expense.

Regulation

Since the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act in 2010, the U.S. financial services industry has been subject to a significant increase in regulation and regulatory oversight initiatives. This increased regulation and oversight has substantially changed how residential mortgage loan originators and servicers conduct business and has increased their regulatory compliance costs. In particular, on August 1, 2014 the CFPB promulgated the TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure rule that integrates the mortgage loan disclosures required under TILA and sections 4 and 5 of RESPA. The TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure rule contains new requirements and two new disclosure forms that borrowers will receive in the process of applying for and consummating a mortgage loan. The implementation of these new forms and related requirements has necessitated significant operational and technological expenses and changes for the entire mortgage origination industry, and for our mortgage origination business in particular. The rule became effective October 3, 2015.

For a discussion of the significant regulations and regulatory oversight initiatives that have affected or may affect our business, we refer you to the “Regulation” and “Risk Factors” sections of our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Critical Accounting Policies
Our financial accounting and reporting policies are in accordance with GAAP. Some of these accounting policies require us to make estimates and judgments about matters that are uncertain. The application of assumptions could have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. Critical accounting policies and related assumptions, estimates and disclosures are determined by management and reviewed periodically with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. We believe that the judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are appropriate given the factual circumstances at the time. We consider some of our most important accounting policies that require estimates and management judgment to be those policies with respect to reserves for loan repurchases and indemnifications, fair value of financial instruments, MSRs, derivative financial instruments, mortgage loans held for sale, business combinations (including accounting for goodwill and intangible assets) and income taxes. For additional information regarding these significant accounting policies, refer to Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies,” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, included in our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Recent Accounting Developments:

54



ASU No. 2016-01 "Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities" was issued in January 2016. The amendments in this update require an entity to: (i) measure equity investments at fair value through net income, with certain exceptions; (ii) present in other comprehensive income the changes in instrument-specific credit risk for financial liabilities measured using the fair value option; (iii) present financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset; (iv) calculate the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes based on an exit price and; (v) assess a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to unrealized losses of available for sale debt securities in combination with other deferred tax assets. The update provides an election to subsequently measure certain non-marketable equity investments at cost less any impairment and adjusted for certain observable price changes. The update also requires a qualitative impairment assessment of such equity investments and amends certain fair value disclosure requirements. The new guidance will be effective for us beginning on January 1, 2018. We do not expect the adoption of the new guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)" was issued in February 2016. This update amends various aspects of existing guidance for leases and requires additional disclosures about leasing arrangements. It will require companies to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP. Topic 842 retains a distinction between finance leases and operating leases. The classification criteria for distinguishing between finance leases and operating leases are substantially similar to the classification criteria for distinguishing between capital leases and operating leases in the previous leases guidance. The new guidance will be effective for us beginning on January 1, 2019 and earlier adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-05, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)" was issued in March 2016. This update relates to "Novation," replacing one of the parties to a derivative financial instrument with a new party. The issue is whether this change results in a requirement to dedesignate that hedging relationship and therefore discontinue the application of hedge accounting. The amendments apply to hedging instruments under Topic 815. The new guidance will be effective for us beginning on January 1, 2017 and earlier adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-06, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)" was issued in March 2016. The amendments in this update clarify the requirements for assessing whether contingent call (put) options that accelerate the payment of principal on debt instruments are clearly and closely related to their debt hosts. The new guidance will be effective for us beginning on January 1, 2017 and earlier adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-07, "Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures" was issued March 2016. The amendments in this Update affect all entities that have an investment that becomes qualified for the equity method of accounting as a result in the increase in the level of ownership interest. The amendments eliminates requirements for the investor to adjust the financials retroactively for previous periods. The new guidance will be effective for us beginning on January 1, 2017 and earlier adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" was issued March 2016. This amendment is related to Updates 2014-09 and 2015-14. This amendment affects entities with transactions within the scope of Topic 606. The core principal of Topic 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects consideration that the entity expects to receive. The amendment clarifies the implementation guidance on principal vs. agent considerations. The new guidance will be effective for us beginning on January 1, 2018 and earlier adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-09, "Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718)" was issued March 2016. The amendments in this Update affect all entities that issue share-based payment awards to their employees. The amendments simplify the accounting in various aspects for these type of transactions: i.e. Accounting for Income Taxes, Excess tax benefits on the Statements of Cash Flows, Forfeitures, Employee taxes and Intrinsic Value. The new guidance will be effective for us beginning on January 1, 2017 and earlier adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-10, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" was issued April 2016. This amendment is related to Updates 2014-09 and 2015-14, and 2016-08 below This amendment affects entities with transactions within the scope of Topic 606. The core principal of Topic 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects consideration that the entity expects to receive. The amendment clarifies the implementation guidance on identifying performance obligations and the licensing provisions of the guidance. The new

55


guidance will be effective for us beginning on January 1, 2018 and earlier adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-12, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients" was issued May 2016. This amendment is related to Updates 2014-09 and 2015-14. This amendment affects entities with transactions within the scope of Topic 606. The core principal of Topic 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects consideration that the entity expects to receive. The amendment clarifies the implementation guidance on Assessing Collectibility, Presentation of Sales Tax, Non-Cash Consideration, Contract Modifications, Completed Contracts and technical corrections. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2018 and earlier adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" was issued June 2016. This update is to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit. The amendments replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with one that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of information to estimate credit losses. Previously, when credit losses were measured under GAAP, an entity generally only considered past events and current conditions in measuring the incurred loss. The new guidance will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2020 and earlier adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our financial statements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview

Liquidity measures our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including the funding of servicing advances, the payment of operating expenses, the originations of loans and the repayment of borrowings.

Our primary sources of funds for liquidity include: (i) secured borrowings in the form of repurchase facilities and participation agreements with major financial institutions, as well as our warehouse lines of credit and operating lines of credit, (ii) secured borrowings secured by MSRs (iii) equity offerings, (iv) servicing fees and ancillary fees, (v) payments received from sales or securitizations of loans, (vi) payments received from mortgage loans held for sale, and (vii) sale of MSRs. Our primary uses of funds for liquidity include: (i) originations of loans, (ii) originations of warehouse lines of credit, (iii) funding of servicing advances, (iv) payment of interest expenses, (v) payment of operating expenses, (vi) repayment of borrowings, (vii) investment in subordinated debt, and (viii) payments for acquisitions of MSRs.

Our financing strategy primarily consists of entering into various mortgage funding arrangements with major financial institutions, as well as regional banks. We believe this provides us with a stable, low-cost, diversified source of funds to finance our business.

With a viable and growing market for the sale of servicing, we see no material negative trends that we believe would affect our access to long-term or short-term borrowings to maintain our current operations, or that would inhibit our ability to fund operations and capital commitments for the next 12 months.
Our servicing agreements impose on us various rights and obligations that affect our liquidity. Among the most significant of these obligations is the requirement that we advance our own funds to meet contractual principal and interest payments for certain investors and to pay taxes, insurance, foreclosure costs and various other items that are required to preserve the assets being serviced. Delinquency rates and prepayment speed affect the size of servicing advance balances. These advances are typically recovered upon weekly or monthly reimbursements or from sale in the market.
We finance these advances using cash on hand. We are not currently anticipating that the servicing advance asset will grow in the near future beyond our capacity of financing the asset using available cash. If the servicing advances become a sizable asset on our balance sheet, we will negotiate a servicing advance facility with one or more of our financial partners, which we believe to be readily available in the market.
Cash Flows
Our unrestricted cash balance decreased from $32,463 as of December 31, 2015 to $30,466 as of June 30, 2016. The following discussion summarizes the changes in our unrestricted cash balance for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
Operating Activities
Our operating activities used $36,280 and $35,753 of cash flow for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The increase in cash used in operating activities was primarily due to timing of cash payments received to fund and originate loans compared to the payments we receive from sales of the loans to our investors during the period.
Investing Activities
Our investing activities provided $44,623 and $31,943 of cash flow for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The increase in cash provided by investing activities was primarily due to higher proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights during the period.
Financing Activities
Our financing activities used $10,340 and provided $6,966 of cash flow for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The increase in cash used by financing activities was primarily due to the timing of borrowings versus repayments under our various mortgage funding arrangements. The timing of our borrowings and repayments fluctuates based on the needs of our operations.

We continue to examine opportunities to acquire loan servicing portfolios and/or businesses that engage in loan servicing and/or loan originations. Future acquisitions could require substantial additional capital in excess of cash from operations. We would expect to finance the capital required for acquisitions through a combination of additional issuances of
equity, corporate indebtedness, asset-backed acquisition financing and/or cash from operations.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market risk is defined as the sensitivity of income, fair value measurements and capital to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and other relevant market rates or prices. The primary market risks that we are exposed to are interest rate risks and the price risk associated with changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk is defined as risk to current or anticipated earnings or capital arising from movements in interest rates. Price risk is defined as the risk to current or anticipated earnings or capital arising from changes in the value of either assets or liabilities that are entered into as part of distributing or managing risk.
Our interest rate risk and price risk arise from the financial instruments and positions we hold. This includes mortgage loans held for sale, mortgage servicing rights, and derivative financial instruments. Due to the nature of our operations, we are not subject to foreign currency exchange or commodity price risk.
These risks are managed as part of our overall monitoring of liquidity, which includes regular meetings of a group of executive managers that identify and manage the sensitivity of earnings or capital to changing interest rates to achieve our overall financial objectives. The members of this group include the Chief Financial Officer, acting as the chair, the EVP of Capital Markets and other members of management as deemed necessary. The group is responsible for:

meeting day-to-day cash outflows primarily in the settlement of margin requests from trading counterparties, operating expenses, planned capital expenditures and customer demand for loans;
ensuring sufficient sources of liquidity exist to cover commitments to originate or purchase mortgage loans, warehouse lines of credit or other credit commitments;
funding asset growth in a cost efficient manner;
controlling concentration of exposure to any financing source;
minimizing the impact of market disruptions should adverse events occur which erode Stonegate's ability to fund itself; and
surviving a major financial crisis which might result in a funding crisis.
Credit Risk
We have exposure to credit loss in the event of contractual non-performance by our trading counterparties and counterparties to the over-the-counter derivative financial instruments that we use in our rate risk management activities. We manage this credit risk by selecting only counterparties that we believe to be financially strong, spreading the credit risk among many such counterparties, by placing contractual limits on the amount of unsecured credit extended to any single counterparty and by entering into netting agreements with the counterparties, as appropriate. For additional information, refer to Note 5

56


“Derivative Financial Instruments” to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
We have exposure to credit losses on residential mortgage loans that we hold for sale or investment as well as for losses incurred by investors in mortgage loans that we sell to them as a result of breaches of representations and warranties we make as part of the loan sales. The representations and warranties require adherence to investor or guarantor origination and underwriting guidelines, including but not limited to the validity of the lien securing the loan, property eligibility, borrower credit, income and asset requirements, and compliance with applicable federal, state and local law. The level of mortgage loan repurchase losses is dependent on economic factors, investor repurchase demand strategies, and other external conditions that may change over the lives of the underlying loans.
We also have exposure to credit loss in the event of non-repayment of amounts funded to correspondent customers through our NattyMac financing facility, though this has been somewhat mitigated by our transfer of participation interests in certain warehouse lines of credit, and related risks, to NMF. We also bear the risk of loss on any loans funded in NMF, up to the amount of our investment in the subordinated debt of Merchants Bancorp. We manage this credit risk by performing due diligence and underwriting analysis on the correspondent customers prior to lending. Each counterparty is evaluated according to the underwriting guidelines as documented in the NattyMac Warehouse Underwriting Guidelines as required by the NattyMac Warehouse Credit Policy. In addition, the correspondent customers pledge, as security to the Company, the underlying mortgage loans. We periodically review the warehouse lending receivables for collectability based on historical collection trends and management judgment regarding the ability to collect specific accounts.

We have exposure related to servicing advances made in accordance with the servicing agreements which are
recoverable upon collection of future borrower payments or foreclosure of the underlying loans. Our exposure to credit losses is
only to the extent that the respective servicing guidelines are not followed or in the event there is a shortfall in liquidation
proceeds and records a reserve against the advances when it is probable that the servicing advance will be uncollectible. In
certain circumstances, we may be required to remit funds on a non-recoverable basis, which are expensed as incurred. We
periodically review our servicing advances for collectability based on historical trends and management judgment regarding the
ability to collect specific accounts.
Interest Rate Risk
Our principal market exposure is to interest rate risk, specifically long-term Treasury, LIBOR, and mortgage interest rates due to their impact on mortgage-related assets and commitments. Additionally, our escrow earnings on our mortgage servicing rights are sensitive to changes in short-term interest rates such as LIBOR. We also are exposed to changes in short-term interest rates on certain variable rate borrowings, primarily our mortgage warehouse lines of credit and our MSRs borrowing facilities. We anticipate that such interest rates will remain our primary benchmark for market risk for the foreseeable future.
Our business is subject to variability in results of operations in both the mortgage origination and mortgage servicing activities due to fluctuations in interest rates. In a declining interest rate environment, we would expect our mortgage production activities’ results of operations to be positively impacted by higher loan origination volumes and gain on sale margins. In contrast, we would expect the results of operations of our mortgage servicing activities to decline due to higher actual and projected loan prepayments related to our loan servicing portfolio. In a rising interest rate environment, we would expect a negative impact on the results of operations of our mortgage production activities and our mortgage servicing activities’ results of operations to be positively impacted. The interaction between the results of operations of our mortgage activities is a core component of our overall interest rate risk strategy.
Our mortgage funding arrangements (mortgage participation agreements and warehouse lines of credit) carry variable rates. As of June 30, 2016, approximately $425,126, or 49%, of our total $873,772 in outstanding adjustable rate mortgage funding arrangements had interest rates that were equal to the underlying mortgage loans. The remaining 51% of the adjustable rate mortgage funding arrangements carried a weighted average interest rate of 2.87%, which was well below the weighted average interest rate on the related mortgage loans held for sale as of June 30, 2016. In addition, mortgage loans held for sale are carried on our balance sheet on average for only 18 to 25 days after closing and prior to transfer to FNMA, FHLMC or into pools of GNMA MBS. As a result, we believe that any negative impact related to our variable rate mortgage funding arrangements resulting from a shift in market interest rates would not be material to our consolidated financial statements as of or for the six months ended June 30, 2016.
Interest rate lock commitments represent an agreement to extend credit to a mortgage loan applicant, or an agreement to purchase a loan from a third-party originator, whereby the interest rate on the loan is set prior to funding. Our mortgage loans held for sale, which are held in inventory awaiting sale into the secondary market, and our interest rate lock commitments, are subject to changes in mortgage interest rates from the date of the commitment through the sale of the loan into the secondary market. As such, we are exposed to interest rate risk and related price risk during the period from the date of the lock

57


commitment through (i) the lock commitment cancellation or expiration date; or (ii) the date of sale into the secondary mortgage market. Loan commitments generally range between 30 and 90 days; and our holding period of the mortgage loan from funding to sale is typically within 30 days.
We manage the interest rate risk associated with its outstanding interest rate lock commitments and loans held for sale by entering into derivative loan instruments such as forward loan sales commitments of To-Be-Announced mortgage backed securities ("TBA Forward Commitments"). We expect these derivatives will experience changes in fair value opposite to changes in fair value of the derivative interest rate lock commitments and loans held for sale, thereby reducing earnings volatility. We take into account various factors and strategies in determining the portion of the mortgage pipeline (derivative loan commitments) and mortgage loans held for sale it wants to economically hedge. Our expectation of how many of our interest rate lock commitments will ultimately close is a key factor in determining the notional amount of derivatives used in hedging the position.
Sensitivity Analysis
We have exposure to economic losses due to interest rate risk arising from changes in the level or volatility of market interest rates. We assess this risk based on changes in interest rates using a sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity analysis measures the potential impact on fair values based on hypothetical changes in interest rates.
We use financial models in determining the impact of interest rate shifts on our mortgage loan portfolio, MSRs portfolio and pipeline derivatives (IRLC and forward MBS trades). A primary assumption used in these models is that an increase or decrease in the benchmark interest rate produces a parallel shift in the yield curve across all maturities.
We utilize a discounted cash flow analysis to determine the fair value of MSRs and the impact of parallel interest rate shifts on MSRs. We obtain independent third party valuations on a quarterly basis, to support the reasonableness of the fair value estimate generated by our internal model. The primary assumptions in this model are prepayment speeds, discount rates, costs of servicing and default rates. However, this analysis ignores the impact of interest rate changes on certain material variables, such as the benefit or detriment on the value of future loan originations, non-parallel shifts in the spread relationships between MBS, swaps and U.S. Treasury rates and changes in primary and secondary mortgage market spreads. We also use a forward yield curve as an input which will impact prepay estimates and the value of escrows as compared to a static forward yield curve. We believe that the use of the forward yield curve better presents fair value of MSRs because the forward yield curve is the market’s expectation of future interest rates based on its expectation of inflation and other economic conditions.
For mortgage loans held for sale, IRLCs and forward delivery commitments on MBS, we rely on a model in determining the impact of interest rate shifts. In addition, for IRLCs, the borrowers’ likelihood to close their mortgage loans under the commitment is used as a primary assumption.
Our total market risk is influenced by a wide variety of factors including market volatility and the liquidity of the markets. There are certain limitations inherent in the sensitivity analysis presented, including the necessity to conduct the analysis based on a single point in time and the inability to include the complex market reactions that normally would arise from the market shifts modeled.
We used June 30, 2016 market rates on our instruments to perform the sensitivity analysis. The estimates are based on the market risk sensitivity portfolios described in the preceding paragraphs and assume instantaneous, parallel shifts in interest rate yield curves. Management uses sensitivity analysis, such as those summarized below, based on a hypothetical 25 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates, on a daily basis to monitor the risks associated with changes in interest rates to our mortgage loans pipeline (the combination of mortgage loans held for sale, IRLCs and forward MBS trades). We believe the use of a 25 basis point shift (50 basis point range) is appropriate given the relatively short time period that the mortgage loans pipeline is held on our balance sheet and exposed to interest rate risk (during the processing, underwriting and closing stages of the mortgage loans which generally last approximately 60 days). We also actively manage our risk management strategy for our mortgage loans pipeline (through the use of economic hedges such as forward loan sale commitments and mandatory delivery commitments) and generally adjust our hedging position daily. In analyzing the interest rate risks associated with our MSRs, management also uses multiple sensitivity analyses (hypothetical 25, 50 and 100 basis point increases and decreases) to review the interest rate risk associated with its MSRs, as the MSRs asset is generally more sensitive to interest rate movements over a longer period of time.
These sensitivities are hypothetical and presented for illustrative purposes only. Changes in fair value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in fair value may not be linear.
 
At a given point in time, the overall sensitivity of our mortgage loans pipeline is impacted by several factors beyond just the size of the pipeline. The composition of the pipeline, based on the percentage of IRLC's compared to mortgage loans

58


held for sale, the age and status of the IRLC's, the interest rate movement since the IRLC's were entered into, the cannels from which the IRLC's originate, and other factors all impact the sensitivity. The following table summarizes the (unfavorable) favorable estimated change in our mortgage loans pipeline as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, given hypothetical instantaneous parallel shifts in the yield curve:
 
Mortgage loans pipeline1   
Down 25 bps
 
Up 25 bps
June 30, 2016
$
(1,883
)
 
$
391

December 31, 2015
(1,771
)
 
86

1 Represents unallocated mortgage loans held for sale, IRLCs and forward MBS trades that are considered “at risk” for purposes of illustrating interest rate sensitivity. Mortgage loans held for sale, IRLCs and forward MBS trades are considered to be unallocated when we have not committed the underlying mortgage loans for sale to the applicable GSEs or GNMA.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
We use a discounted cash flow approach to estimate the fair value of MSRs. This approach consists of projecting
servicing cash flows discounted at a rate that management believes market participants would use in the determination of value.
The key assumptions used in the estimation of the fair value of MSRs include prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates,
cost to service, contractual servicing fees, escrow earnings and ancillary income. The shape of the forward yield curve also has an impact on the asset valuation. We believe that the use of the forward yield curve better presents fair value of MSRs because the forward yield curve is the market’s expectation of future interest rates based on its expectation of inflation and other economic conditions. We obtain independent third party valuations on a quarterly basis, to support the reasonableness of the fair value estimate generated by our internal model. We also have a MSRs committee that meets on a monthly basis to review assumptions, challenge estimates and review valuation results. Our MSRs are subject to substantial interest rate risk as the mortgage loans underlying the MSRs permit the borrowers to prepay the loans. Therefore, the value of MSRs generally tends to vary with interest rate movements and the resulting changes in prepayment speeds. Although the level of interest rates is a key driver of prepayment activity, there are other factors that influence prepayments, including home prices, underwriting standards and product characteristics. Since our mortgage origination activities’ results of operations are also impacted by interest rate changes, our mortgage origination activities’ results of operations may fully or partially offset the change in fair value of MSRs over time. We may, from time to time, review opportunities to sell pools of our MSRs portfolio under certain conditions that would be beneficial to us either due to market demand for servicing, changes in interest rates or our need for liquidity. For additional information about the assumptions used in determining the fair value of our MSRs and a quantitative sensitivity analysis on our MSRs as of June 30, 2016, refer to Note 10, "Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets," to our consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
At a given point in time, the primary factors that contribute to the interest rate sensitivity of MSRs are the weighted average coupon of the loans underlying the MSRs compared to current mortgage rates and the size and composition of the MSRs portfolio. The spread between the weighted average coupon and current market rates determines modeled prepayment speed. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the weighted average coupon of our MSRs portfolio remained flat in comparison to December 31, 2015 and, at June 30, 2016, mortgage rates were lower than they were at December 31, 2015. The combination of these factors increased current prepayment estimates and prepayment estimates in the interest rate shifts. The following table summarizes the (unfavorable) favorable estimated change in our MSRs as of June 30, 2016, given hypothetical instantaneous parallel shifts in the yield curve:
 
MSRs
Down 100 bps
 
Down 50 bps
 
Down 25 bps
 
Up 25 bps
 
Up 50 bps
 
Up 100 bps
June 30, 2016
$
(78,346
)
 
$
(42,335
)
 
$
(20,281
)
 
$
17,017

 
$
31,790

 
$
52,275

December 31, 2015
(87,458
)
 
(39,339
)
 
(18,650
)
 
16,992

 
32,200

 
56,414

Prepayment Risk
To the extent that the actual prepayment rate on the mortgage loans underlying our MSRs differs from what we projected when we initially recognized the MSRs and when we measured fair value as of the end of each reporting period, the carrying value of our investment in MSRs will be affected. In general, an increase in prepayment expectations will accelerate the amortization of our MSRs accounted for using the amortization method and decrease our estimates of the fair value of both the MSRs accounted for using the amortization method and those accounted for using the fair value method, thereby reducing net servicing income.

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Inflation Risk
Virtually all of our assets and liabilities are interest rate sensitive in nature. As a result, interest rates and other factors will influence our performance more than inflation. Changes in interest rates do not necessarily correlate with inflation rates or changes in inflation rates. Furthermore, our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and our activities and balance sheet are measured with reference to historical cost and/or fair value without considering inflation.
Market Value Risk
Our mortgage loans held for sale and MSRs are reported at their estimated fair values. The fair value of these assets fluctuates primarily due to changes in interest rates.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

For a detailed discussion of our market risks, see the “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” section of “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the supervision and with the participation of management, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) as of June 30, 2016. The Company's Disclosure Review Committee is charged with reviewing the adequacy of the disclosure controls and procedures to ensure the accuracy, completeness and timeliness of the Company's financial and other information in its periodic reports. Based upon this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective, as of June 30, 2016, to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. No matter how well a control system is designed and operated, it can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that it will detect or uncover control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in our periodic reports. During the quarter ended March 31, 2016, we implemented a new general ledger which were integrated into our financial reporting process. The implementation was not made in response to any deficiency in our internal controls. Implementation of this new system involved changes to our financial reporting procedures and controls. Our management

60


believes that appropriate internal controls are in place with the new system. There have not been any changes in our internal control (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the periods covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
For information regarding legal proceedings at June 30, 2016, see the “Litigation” section of Note 14, “Commitments and Contingencies” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
We are subject to various risks and uncertainties which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, as discussed in Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, filed on March 15, 2016.
 ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibits: A list of exhibits required to be filed as part of this Form 10-Q is set forth in the Index to Exhibits, which immediately precedes such exhibits, and is incorporated herein by reference.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
Stonegate Mortgage Corporation
 
Registrant
 
 
 
Date: August 4, 2016
By:
/S/  Carrie P. Preston
 
 
Carrie P. Preston
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
    


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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit
Number
Description
 
 
3.1
Third Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Stonegate Mortgage Corporation Amendment No. 1 to S-1 filed September 30, 2013 (File No. 333-191047))
 
 
3.2
Third Amended and Restated Code of Regulations of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Stonegate Mortgage Corporation S-1 filed September 6, 2013 (File No. 333-191047))
 
 
4.1
Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Stonegate Mortgage Corporation Amendment No. 1 to S-1 filed September 30, 2013 (File No. 333-191047))
 
 
4.2
Form of Indenture (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 of Stonegate Mortgage Corporation S-3 filed January 14, 2015 (File No. 001-201507))
 
 
31.1*
Certification of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
31.2*
Certification of the Company’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
32.1*
Certification of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
32.2*
Certification of the Company’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
101.INS*
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
101.SCH*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
101.CAL*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
101.DEF*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
101.LAB*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
101.PRE*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
* Filed herewith
† Indicates management contract or compensation plan
 

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