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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

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For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021

or

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Commission File Number: 001-37897

OBALON THERAPEUTICS, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

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(844) 362-2566

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ⌧  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financing accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ⌧

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐  No ⌧

Total shares of common stock outstanding as of the close of business on May 5, 2021 was 10,021,568

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

OBALON THERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except shares and par value data)

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See accompanying notes to unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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OBALON THERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except shares and per share data)

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See accompanying notes to unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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OBALON THERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except shares and per share data)

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See accompanying notes to unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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OBALON THERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except shares and per share data)

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See accompanying notes to unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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OBALON THERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

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See accompanying notes to unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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OBALON THERAPEUTICS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

Obalon Therapeutics, Inc., or the Company, was incorporated in the state of Delaware on January 2, 2008. The Company is a vertically-integrated medical device company focused on developing and commercializing innovative medical devices to treat obesity. Using its patented technology, the Company has developed the Obalon® balloon system, the first and only U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, approved swallowable, gas-filled intragastric balloon designed to provide progressive and sustained weight loss in obese patients.

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Obalon Therapeutics, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiary, Obalon Center for Weight Loss, Inc.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and include the Company’s accounts and accounts of its wholly-owned subsidiary. The Company also consolidates variable interest entities or VIE for which it is the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary has both (a) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly affect the entity’s economic performance and (b) either the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits. Refer to Note 11, “Variable Interest Entity” for further details. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company’s principal operations are located in Carlsbad, California, and it operates in one business segment.

Liquidity

As reflected in the accompanying unaudited interim condensed financial statements, the Company has a limited operating history and the sales and income potential of the Company’s business are unproven. The Company has not been profitable since inception, and as of March 31, 2021, its accumulated deficit was $188.9 million. Since inception, the Company has financed its operations primarily through private placements of its preferred stock, the sale of common stock in its IPO and in subsequent public and private placements, and, to a lesser extent, debt financing arrangements.

The Company may need additional funding to pay expenses relating to its operating activities, including selling, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses. Adequate funding, if needed, may not be available to the Company on acceptable terms, or at all.

The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In late 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China. Since then, COVID-19 has spread globally. To date, COVID-19 has had, and will continue to have, an adverse impact on the Company’s operations and expenses as a result of the preventive and precautionary measures that the Company, its customers, other businesses, and governments are taking, including the temporary deferral of elective medical procedures and diversion of capital and other resources. In March 2020, the Company suspended all new patient treatments at its Obalon-branded retail centers due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, suspended product shipment to all customers and halted manufacturing. Throughout 2020, the Company took further steps to significantly reduce expenses in an effort to extend its cash runway while the Company evaluated the potential to obtain third-party payer reimbursement for its products and explored various strategic alternatives, which ultimately led to the Merger. The Company significantly reduced the organization to only essential personnel and since August 2020, only two full-time employees remain. All Obalon-branded retail centers have been shut down with no intention to reopen, and the Company has halted plans for future retail center expansion. The Company does not expect to restart shipments to U.S. customers and the Company has terminated the agreement with its international distributor, Al Danah Medical Company W.L.L. The decision to shift the Company’s strategy to focus on pursuing reimbursement, while also evaluating other strategic options, occurred after the end of the first quarter of 2020. In the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company determined that the timeline for obtaining third-party reimbursement was longer than the cash runway available and it ceased its efforts related to reimbursement, including terminating its consulting agreement with Blue Ox Healthcare Partners, LLC. The Company then focused its full efforts on

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consummating a strategic alternative transaction that would be in the best interest of its stockholders. On January 19, 2021, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Optimus Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and our direct, wholly owned subsidiary (“Merger Sub”) and ReShape Lifesciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ReShape”). Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions specified therein, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into ReShape, with ReShape surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Obalon (the “Merger”). The failure to consummate the Merger with ReShape or alternatively, obtain sufficient funds on acceptable terms could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations or financial condition.

The Company expects that its existing cash and cash equivalents, including the gross proceeds it received from January through March 2021, will be sufficient to fund its forecasted operating expenses, capital expenditures and debt service payments for at least the next twelve months from the issuance of these unaudited interim condensed financial statements. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue to raise additional capital in the future.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

There were no significant changes to the accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2021, from the significant accounting policies described in Note 2 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed on March 12, 2021.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period.

Reported amounts and note disclosures reflect the overall economic conditions that are most likely to occur and anticipated measures management intends to take. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. All revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2021 and for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are unaudited. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature that are necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial position as of March 31, 2021 and its condensed consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, statements of stockholders’ equity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020 or for any other future annual or interim period. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed on March 12, 2021.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include cash in readily available checking and money market accounts.

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Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. The Company’s comprehensive loss was the same as its reported net loss for all periods presented.

Fair Value Measurements

The carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of the loan approximates its fair value as the interest rate and other terms are that which are currently available to the Company.

The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. The Company determines fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market. When considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the following fair value hierarchy distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, which are categorized in one of the following levels in accordance with authoritative accounting guidance:

Inventory

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost (which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value, computed on a standard cost basis. Inventory that is obsolete or is in excess of forecasted usage is written down to its estimated net realizable value based on assumptions about future demand. Inventory write-downs are charged to cost of revenue and establish a new cost basis for the inventory.

The Company evaluated whether the shift in business strategy to pursue a reimbursement model was indicative of inventory impairment. The Company performed an impairment assessment on its inventory stock and recognized $0.1 million in impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2020 related to excess inventory not expected to be used in clinical trials to pursue reimbursement. The Company determined that the remaining inventory balance has an alternative future use in clinical trials and reclassified it to other current assets and other long-term assets in 2020. As a result, the Company does not have any inventory as of March 31, 2021.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparison of the carrying amount of the assets to the future undiscounted net cash flows, which the assets are expected to generate. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the impaired asset.

No impairment charges were recorded for each of the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

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Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per common share, since the effects of potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive due to the net loss position of all periods presented.

Potentially dilutive common stock equivalents are comprised of warrants, if material, unvested restricted stock awards (RSAs), and unexercised stock options outstanding under the Company’s equity plan.

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, or other standard setting bodies that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

In December 2020, the FASB issued authoritative guidance intended to simplify the accounting for income taxes: ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This guidance eliminates certain exceptions to the general approach to the income tax accounting model and adds new guidance to reduce the complexity in accounting for income taxes. This guidance is effective for annual periods after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those annual periods. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2021 and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on its interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements not yet adopted

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, which changes the accounting for recognizing impairments of financial assets. Under the new guidance, credit losses for certain types of financial instruments will be estimated based on expected losses. The new guidance also modifies the impairment models for available-for-sale debt securities and for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. In February 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-02, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842) - Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which amends the effective date of the original pronouncement for smaller reporting companies. ASU 2016-13 and its amendments will be effective for the Company for interim and annual periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company believes the adoption will modify the way the Company analyzes financial instruments, but it does not anticipate a material impact on results of operations. The Company is in the process of determining the effects the adoption will have on its consolidated financial statements.

3. Fair Value Measurements

Instruments Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The Company has segregated all financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually) into the most appropriate level within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date in the table below.

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Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

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The Company’s investments in Level 1 assets are valued based on publicly available quoted market prices for identical securities as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The warrant liabilities are recorded at fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model based on the following assumptions as of March 31, 2020:

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The assumptions were determined as follows:

Assumed risk-free interest rate — Based on the average yield of U.S. Treasury bills as of the valuation date for the expected term of the awards.

Assumed volatility — Based on the historical volatility of a number of publicly traded companies comparable in size, business model, industry and business description.

Expected life — Based on the remaining contractual term of warrant or the equity award as of the valuation date.

Expected dividend yield — Based upon the Company’s historic dividends and dividend expectations for the foreseeable future.

As of March 31, 2021, reasonable changes in the unobservable inputs would not be expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements. The Company’s policy is to recognize transfers between levels of the fair value

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hierarchy on the date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer. There were no significant transfers into or out of Level 1, 2, or 3 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

The following table provides reconciliation for all liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

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Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term loan is determined by Level 2 inputs and is based primarily on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues. The recorded value of the Company’s long-term loan approximates the current fair value as the interest rate and other terms are more favorable than that which are currently available to the Company.

4. Net Loss per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock (in thousands, except shares and per share data):

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The following table sets forth the outstanding potentially dilutive securities determined using the treasury stock method that have been excluded in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive (in common stock equivalent shares):

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5. Balance Sheet Details

Other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):

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Property and equipment, net consist of the following (in thousands):

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Depreciation expense was $0.1 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Other long-term assets consist entirely of manufacturing use assets as of March 31, 2021.

Other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

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6. Loan

Payroll Protection Program Loan

On April 22, 2020, the Company executed a promissory note (the “Note”) with Silicon Valley Bank (the “Lender”) evidencing an unsecured loan in the aggregate principal amount of $0.4 million (the “PPP Loan”), which was made pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”). The PPP was established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), which was enacted on March 27, 2020, and is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”). All the funds under the PPP Loan were disbursed to the Company on April 23, 2020.

The Note provides for a fixed interest rate of one percent per year with a maturity date of April 22, 2022 (the “Maturity Date”). Loan payments may be deferred until August 2021, which date is 10 months after the end of the Company’s 24-week covered period for the PPP Loan. If the Company applies for loan forgiveness, loan payments may be deferred until the SBA remits the Company’s loan forgiveness amount to the lender. As of March 31, 2021, the Company has not filed for forgiveness and the loan will be repayable in full in the event of a change of control, such as the proposed Merger, unless the lender agrees otherwise. The PPP Loan may be prepaid by the Company at any time prior to the Maturity Date with no prepayment penalties or premiums. The Note contains customary event of default provisions.

Under the terms of the CARES Act, PPP loan recipients can apply for and be granted forgiveness for all or a portion of the loans granted under the PPP. Such forgiveness will be subject to approval by the SBA and the Lender and determined, subject to limitations, based on factors set forth in the CARES Act, including verification of the use of loan proceeds for payment of payroll costs and payments of mortgage interest, rent and utilities. In the event the PPP Loan, or any portion thereof, is forgiven, the amount forgiven is applied to outstanding principal. The terms of any forgiveness may also be subject to further regulations and guidelines that the SBA may adopt. The Company will carefully monitor

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all qualifying expenses and other requirements necessary to attain loan forgiveness; however, no assurance is provided that the Company will obtain forgiveness of the PPP Loan in whole or in part.

As of December 31, 2020, the Company has used all proceeds from the PPP Loan to retain employees, maintain payroll and make lease and utility payments.

7. Stock-Based Compensation

Equity Incentive Plan

As of March 31, 2021, 376,329 stock options and awards remained available for future grant under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan.

The Company recorded total non-cash compensation, including non-cash compensation to employees and nonemployees in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as follows (in thousands):

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Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense at March 31, 2021 for all stock-based compensation pertaining to options was approximately $0.5 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average term of 2.18 years.

Incentive Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option transactions for the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2021 (in thousands, except shares and per share data):

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Restricted Stock Awards

The following table summarizes restricted stock award transactions for the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2021:

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The Company’s current restricted stock awards vest 100% at various terms from the grant date, subject to continued employment. The fair-value of each restricted stock award is determined on the grant date using the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.

Restricted Stock Units

There were no restricted stock units outstanding as of March 31, 2021.

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8. Stockholders’ Equity

Blue Ox

On August 11, 2020, the Company entered into a consulting agreement (the “Consulting Agreement”) with Blue Ox Healthcare Partners, LLC (“Blue Ox”) and its assigned entities. Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, Blue Ox will work to (i) secure an agreement between the Company and a major health plan to conduct an outcomes study that will expand the current clinical evidence base to include health economic analysis on the cost of care reductions from use of the Obalon Balloon System, (ii) advise the Company’s management regarding the development of a coverage and reimbursement-based market strategy, and (iii) secure agreements with health plans and other entities that result in reimbursement for and/or utilization of the Obalon Balloon System, among other services. Pursuant to, and in accordance with, the terms and conditions of the Consulting Agreement, the Company issued to Blue Ox a warrant (the “Warrant’) to purchase up to 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at an exercise price of $0.8285, subject to adjustment pursuant to the terms of the Warrant. The Warrant is exercisable immediately and will expire on August 10, 2025. The exercise price represents a 15% premium to the average closing price of the Company’s common stock for the 10 days preceding the effective date of the Consulting Agreement. The Warrant may be exercised, in whole or in part, through a cashless exercise, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the Warrant. If the Consulting Agreement is terminated within six months of the effective date of the Consulting Agreement, then the number of shares of common stock that may be purchased by Blue Ox under the Warrant shall be reduced on a pro rata basis. The Warrant was deemed to qualify for equity treatment under authoritative accounting guidance and an immaterial amount was recorded within equity on the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity for the year ended December 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 90,000 warrants were exercised at a price of $0.8285.

The Warrant provides for certain piggy back registration rights if, during the period beginning six (6) months after the date of the Consulting Agreement and ending six (6) months after the expiration date of the Warrant, the Company proposes to file a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect an offering by the Company of its common stock (other than certain registration statements as set forth in the Warrant).

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The Consulting Agreement was terminated during the fourth quarter of 2020 and the warrants were subsequently fully exercised in the first quarter of 2021.

Public Offering and related warrants

On August 1, 2019, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, as underwriter, in connection with a public offering of the Company’s securities, pursuant to which the Company issued and sold (i) 2,427,500 shares of common stock (including 412,500 shares of common stock pursuant to the partial exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option to purchase 562,500 additional shares), (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 1,735,000 shares of common stock (“Pre-funded Warrants”), (iii) accompanying warrants to purchase up to 3,234,375 shares of common stock (including the exercise in full of the underwriters’ over-allotment option to purchase additional warrants to purchase 421,875 shares of common stock) (“Purchase Warrants”) and (iv) an additional warrant to the underwriters for the purchase 37,500 shares of common stock (“Representative Warrant”). The offering was made pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1. The offering closed on August 6, 2019 resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $15.4 million. The Company incurred $0.7 million of legal, accounting, and other fees related to the offering. The shares of common stock and accompanying Purchase Warrants were sold at a public offering price of $4.00 per share, the Pre-funded Warrants and accompanying Purchase Warrants were sold at a public offering of $3.999. The Purchase Warrants were immediately exercisable upon issuance, will expire on August 6, 2024 and have an exercise price of $4.40 and the Representative Warrant has an exercise price of $5.00, in each case subject to adjustment in the event of stock dividends, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications, reorganizations or similar events.

The Representative Warrant became exercisable in February 2020 and expires on August 6, 2024. All of the Pre-funded warrants were exercised during the third quarter of 2020. 37,500 of the Purchase or Representative Warrants have been exercised as of March 31, 2021. All of the warrants were recorded within equity in accordance with authoritative accounting guidance.

Lincoln Park Purchase Agreement

On February 5, 2020, the Company entered into a new purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) and registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”), pursuant to which Lincoln Park has committed to purchase up to $15.0 million of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”). The new Purchase Agreement replaces an existing purchase agreement, dated December 27, 2018, by and between the Company and Lincoln Park, pursuant to which Lincoln Park committed to purchase up to $20.0 million of the Company’s Common Stock. In connection with entering into the new Purchase Agreement, the Company and Lincoln Park terminated the prior purchase agreement, effective February 5, 2020.

Under the terms and subject to the conditions of the Purchase Agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Lincoln Park, and Lincoln Park is obligated to purchase up to $15.0 million of the Company’s Common Stock. Such sales of common stock by the Company, if any, will be subject to certain limitations, and may occur from time to time, at the Company’s sole discretion, over the 36-month period commencing on February 28, 2020 date that a registration statement covering the resale of shares of Common Stock that have been and may be issued under the Purchase Agreement, which the Company agreed to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, was declared effective by the SEC and a final prospectus in connection therewith was filed and the other conditions set forth in the purchase agreement were satisfied (such date on which all of such conditions are satisfied, the “Commencement Date”).

The Company incurred approximately $0.3 million of legal, accounting, and other fees related to the offering. As of March 31, 2021 the Company has not sold any shares under the Purchase Agreement to Lincoln Park. The Company determined that there is a low probability that the equity line will be utilized for the remainder of 2020 due to adverse market circumstances. As a result, the Company fully expensed the $0.3 million of fees in March 2020.

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Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance

Common stock reserved for future issuance consists of the following as of March 31, 2021:

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9. Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate was 0.00% and 0.00% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, is driven by pre-tax loss, equity compensation and the change in valuation allowance. A tax provision of $0 and $0 was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

10. Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Lease

The Company leases its facilities and retail treatment center under noncancelable operating leases which expire on various dates between 2022 and 2025. In July 2019, the Company entered into an office lease agreement to launch an Obalon-branded retail treatment center in San Diego, California, which expires on August 5, 2021. In January 2020, the Company entered into lease agreements for two additional Obalon-branded retail treatment centers in Orange County, California and Sacramento, California, respectively. Under the terms of the facilities and retail center leases, the Company is required to pay its proportionate share of property taxes, insurance and normal maintenance costs. The treatment center leases in Sacramento and San Diego were terminated on April 29, 2020 and May 27, 2020, respectively as a result in the Company's shift in strategy away from the retail treatment center model in the second quarter of 2020. The Company has settled with its landlord under the Orange County lease for unpaid rent and is current with its rent obligations under its lease for its headquarters in Carlsbad, CA since April 2020. The full amounts of the unpaid rent have been accrued on the Company's balance sheet as of December 31, 2020.

The Company’s landlord in Carlsbad, Gildred Development Company (“Gildred”), has since sent a demand letter for rent. On October 13, 2020, Gildred served the Company with an unlawful detainer action in the Superior Court of California, County of San Diego (Gildred Development Company v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc., Case No. 37-2020-00035927-CU-UD-CTL). Gildred alleges that the Company owes more than $113,000 of unpaid rent and fees to Gildred and seeks damages for unpaid rent and continued occupancy of the premises. On November 18, 2020, Gildred filed an ex parte application for a writ of attachment or, in the alternative, a temporary protective order. The application was denied on November 24, 2020. On December 28, 2020, Gildred filed another application for a writ of attachment or, in the alternative, a temporary protective order. On January 22, 2021, the court granted Gildred’s application for a writ of attachment. The Company has paid the amount of the writ in full, which was $469,000. The Company is current on its rent obligations under the lease with Gildred.

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Upon the Company’s adoption of ASC 842 as of January 1, 2020, the Company recognized a ROU asset and lease liability for its building lease, assuming a 7.0% discount rate. Any short-term leases defined as 12 months or less or month-to-month leases were excluded and continue to be expensed each month. Total costs associated with short-term leases for the three months ended March 31, 2021 were immaterial.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The exercise of lease renewal options is at the Company’s sole discretion and were not included in the calculation of the Company’s lease liability as the Company is not able to determine without uncertainty if the renewal option will be exercised. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited to the expected term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably

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certain of exercise. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any variable lease payments, residual value guarantees or any restrictive covenants.

The Company’s ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date of the lease or the ASC 842 adoption date, whichever is later, based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. When readily determinable, the Company uses the implicit rate in determining the present value of lease payments, or 7.0%, as of the adoption date. When leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date or adoption date, including the lease term. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company recorded an immaterial amount of lease liabilities, ROU assets, and interest expense associated with finance leases as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The current and long-term portions of operating and finance lease liabilities are presented within the current portion of lease liabilities and lease liabilities long-term line items on the consolidated balance sheet, respectively. Operating and finance lease ROU assets are presented within the lease right-of-use assets line item on the consolidated balance sheet.

Future minimum annual lease payments under such leases were as follows as of March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

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As of March 31, 2021, the Company’s remaining lease term ranges from 1.0 to 4.25 years. Rent expense totaled $0.1 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company paid $0.1 million of cash payments related to its operating lease agreements for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The Company’s weighted average discount rate for leases as of March 31, 2021 was 6.0%.

Supplier Contracts

The Company enters into contracts in the normal course of business with clinical trial sites and clinical supply manufacturing organizations and with vendors for preclinical studies, research supplies and other services and products for operating purposes. These contracts generally provide for termination after a notice period, and, therefore, are cancelable contracts.

Shareholder Lawsuit

On February 14 and 22, 2018, plaintiff stockholders filed class action lawsuits against us and certain of our executive officers in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California (Hustig v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc., et al., Case No. 3:18-cv-00352-AJB-WVG, and Cook v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al., Case No. 3:18-cv-00407-CAB-RBB). On July 24, 2018, the court consolidated the lawsuits and appointed Inter-Local Pension Fund GCC/IBT as lead plaintiff. On October 5, 2018, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The amended complaint alleges that we and certain of our executive officers made false and misleading statements and failed to disclose material adverse facts about our business, operations, and prospects in violation of Sections 10(b) (and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act. The amended complaint also alleges violations of Section 11 of the Exchange Act arising out of the

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Company’s initial public offering. The plaintiffs seek damages, interest, costs, attorneys' fees, and other unspecified equitable relief. The underwriters from our initial public offering have also been named as defendants in this case and we have certain obligations under the underwriting agreement to indemnify them for their costs and expenses incurred in connection with this litigation. On September 25, 2019, the court granted in part and denied in part the defendants’ motion to dismiss. The court dismissed the Section 11 claims entirely, without leave to amend, and accordingly dismissed the underwriters and certain directors from the case. The Court also dismissed certain statements from the Section 10 claims.  On August 17, 2020, the parties submitted a final settlement agreement of the securities class action for court approval.  The settlement provided for a payment of $3.15 million to the plaintiffs, which was paid by the Company’s insurance carriers, and provided that the defendants continue to deny the allegations and claims asserted by the plaintiffs, and are entering into the settlement solely to eliminate the burden and expense of further litigation. On April 22, 2021, the court approved the settlement and dismissed the case. 

Gildred Matter

On October 13, 2020, Gildred Development Company (“Gildred”), our landlord in Carlsbad, served us with an unlawful detainer action in the Superior Court of California, County of San Diego (Gildred Development Company v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc., Case No. 37-2020-00035927-CU-UD-CTL). Gildred alleges that we owe more than $113,000 of unpaid rent and fees to Gildred and seeks damages for unpaid rent and continued occupancy of the premises.  On November 18, 2020, Gildred filed an ex parte application for a writ of attachment or, in the alternative, a temporary protective order.  The application was denied on November 24, 2020.  On December 28, 2020, Gildred filed another application for a writ of attachment or, in the alternative, a temporary protective order.  On January 22, 2021, the court granted Gildred’s application for a writ of attachment.  The Company has paid the amount of the writ in full, which was $469,000. The Company is current on its rent obligations under the lease with Gildred.

11. Variable Interest Entity

In conjunction with the Company’s strategic focus to open weight loss treatment centers to provide medical services to patients who wish to lose weight through the Obalon balloon system, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a lead doctor to open the first treatment center and oversee the treatment center’s activities. The treatment center was opened in September 2020 as a professional corporation (“PC”) in the State of California and, as a result of state regulatory requirements, may not be owned by a corporation. The Company fully funds all the activities of the treatment center and no financial contributions are made by the lead doctor. In addition, the Company is authorized and expected to provide daily oversight of the activities of the center, with the exception of directly providing medical services.

As the PC’s equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without subordinated financial support, the PC is considered a variable interest entity. Although the Company does not own any equity interest in the PC, the Company holds the controlling financial interest as the sole funding source for the entity and through the ability to provide daily oversight. Therefore, the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary of the PC and consolidated the PC’s balances and activity within its condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy, market size, potential growth opportunities, timing and results of preclinical and clinical development activities, selection of specific financial and strategic alternatives, and potential regulatory approval and commercialization of products and product candidates. In some cases, forward looking-statements may be identified by terminology such as “believe,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “predict,” “goal,” “strategy,” “potentially,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “would,” “project,” “plan,” “expect,” “seek” and similar expressions and variations thereof. These words are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, research and development, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described in the “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment, and new risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee that the future results, levels of activity, performance or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur. We undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this report to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations, except as required by law.

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “Obalon,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. and, where appropriate, its consolidated subsidiary, unless the context indicates otherwise.

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2020, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed on March 12, 2021.

OVERVIEW

We are a vertically integrated medical device company focused on developing and commercializing innovative medical devices to treat people with obesity. Our current product offering is the Obalon Balloon System, the first and only U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, approved swallowable, gas-filled intragastric balloon designed to provide progressive and sustained weight loss in patients with obesity. We believe the Obalon Balloon System offers patients and physicians benefits over prior weight loss devices including, but not limited to, clinically meaningful weight loss, a favorable safety profile, improved patient tolerability and comfort, progressive weight loss with durable results, simple and convenient placement, and potentially attractive economics.

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The Obalon Balloon System is FDA approved for temporary use to facilitate weight loss in adults with obesity having a body mass index, or BMI, of 30 to 40, or approximately 30 to 100 pounds overweight, who have failed to lose weight through diet and exercise. The system is intended to be used as an adjunct to a moderate intensity diet and behavior modification program. All balloons must be removed six months after the first balloon is placed. We believe the Obalon

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Balloon System provides a cost-effective, non-surgical and reversible treatment for weight loss solution in an outpatient setting.

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The Obalon Balloon System consists of a swallowable capsule that contains an inflatable balloon attached to a microcatheter; the Obalon Navigation System console, which is a combination of hardware and software used to track and display the location of the balloon during placement without x-ray; the Obalon Touch Inflation Dispenser, which is a semi-automated, hand-held inflation device used to inflate the balloon once it is placed; and a disposable canister filled with our proprietary mixture of gas. Placement of a balloon typically occurs in less than 15 minutes and can be accomplished in an outpatient setting without the need for anesthesia or sedation. Patients receive a total of three balloons over the course of eight to 12 weeks and all balloons are removed six months after the first balloon is placed.

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In clinical studies, the Obalon Balloon System has demonstrated clinically meaningful weight loss with durable results. In our published pivotal SMART trial, patients in the Obalon treatment group lost, on average, approximately twice as much body weight as patients in the sham-control group, with an average of 15.1 pounds of weight loss, resulting in an average 6.9% reduction in total body weight and an average 2.4 point decrease in BMI. In the study, 66.7% of patients lost at least 5% of their total body weight and the study showed statistically significant improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, including fasting glucose, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol and triglycerides. Patients in the treatment group were followed for 48 weeks and showed, on average, that 89.5% of the weight loss achieved during the initial 24-week balloon treatment period was maintained at 48 weeks, or 24 weeks after the balloons were removed.

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In addition, data published and presented from our commercial registry demonstrates greater weight loss in the commercial setting as compared to our pivotal clinical study used to support FDA approval. In May 2019, we updated data from our commercial registry to include 1,411 total patients from 143 treatment sites in the United States. In this data set, for those patients receiving three balloons and at least 20 weeks of therapy, the average weight loss was 21.7 pounds, resulting in a 10.2% reduction in total body weight. Of note, 50.7% of patients lost 10% or more total body weight and 77.9% lost 5% or more total body weight.

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We commenced U.S. commercialization of our prior generation Obalon balloon system in January 2017. In March 2020, we announced that the overall economic uncertainty, the restriction on elective procedures and the specific directives issued by the Governor of California as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on our business. As a result, we halted sales to new patients in our Obalon-branded retail treatment centers, terminated expansion plans for additional retail centers, subsequently closed the two retail treatment centers we had opened and halted manufacturing. Additionally, since August 2020, we have only had two full-time employees: Andy Rasdal, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and Nooshin Hussainy, our Chief Financial Officer. Although we scaled back operations, we continued to strive to execute on our corporate and strategic objectives. For example, we continue to pursue third-party reimbursement of the Obalon Balloon System, explore strategic alternatives, tend to our obligations to care for patients who had been treated at our Obalon-branded retail treatment centers, follow-up on and support product-related issues involving customers that have used Obalon products, and review and comply with our regulatory obligations, including FDA and SEC requirements.

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Given those impacts and the significant concern about an economic recovery that would allow consumers to feel confident enough to spend on a cash-pay procedure like the Obalon Balloon System, we do not currently plan to re-open our retail treatment centers, re-initiate our retail treatment center expansion plans, or plan to ship orders to U.S. customers or our former international distributor. As a result, we would not expect to report any new revenue for the foreseeable future.

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We have not been profitable since inception, and as of March 31, 2021, our accumulated deficit was $188.9 million. From inception through December 31, 2020, we have financed our operations primarily through private placements of our preferred stock, the sale of common stock in our IPO and in subsequent public and private placements, and, to a lesser extent, debt financing arrangements.

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On April 22, 2020, we executed a promissory note in favor of Silicon Valley Bank evidencing an unsecured loan in the aggregate principal amount of $0.4 million, which was made pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program and which we refer to as the PPP Loan. The Paycheck Protection Program was established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and

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Economic Security Act, which was enacted on March 27, 2020 and is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. All the funds under the PPP Loan were disbursed to us on April 23, 2020. If the PPP Loan is not repaid prior to the closing of the Merger, the loan will become due in full upon closing of the Merger. As of March 31, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of $9.0 million.

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In the fourth quarter of 2020, we determined that the timeline for obtaining third-party reimbursement was longer than the cash runway available and we ceased our efforts related to reimbursement, including terminating its agreement with Blue Ox. We then focused its full efforts on consummating a strategic alternative transaction that would be in the best interest of our stockholders.

Merger Agreement

On January 19, 2021, we, Optimus Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and our direct, wholly owned subsidiary (“Merger Sub”), and ReShape Lifesciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ReShape”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”). Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions specified therein, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into ReShape, with ReShape surviving as our wholly owned subsidiary (the “Merger”).

Merger Consideration

At the effective time of the Merger (the “Effective Time”), each share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of ReShape (“ReShape Common Stock”) and each share of Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of ReShape (together with ReShape Common Stock, “ReShape Shares”) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than the shares that are owned by us, ReShape, or Merger Sub) will be converted into the right to receive a number of fully paid and non-assessable shares of our common stock(an “Obalon Share”) according to a ratio determined at least 10 days prior to the our Stockholders’ Meeting that will result in the holders of such ReShape Shares owning 51% of the outstanding Obalon Shares immediately after the Effective Time (such ratio, the “Exchange Ratio”).

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Treatment of Equity

The Merger Agreement provides that, at the Effective Time, each outstanding warrant to purchase capital stock of ReShape (“ReShape Warrant”) will be converted into warrants to purchase a number of Obalon Shares equal to the number of shares of ReShape Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such ReShape Warrant multiplied by the Exchange Ratio with an exercise price equal to the exercise price of such ReShape Warrant divided by the Exchange Ratio. In addition, each outstanding option to purchase ReShape Common Stock, whether vested or unvested, (“ReShape Option”) shall be cancelled and terminated without any payment. We will assume the obligations of the Series C Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share of ReShape (“ReShape Series C Preferred Stock”) and shall file a new certificate of designation with the same terms and conditions as the ReShape Series C Certificate of Designation. Each outstanding option to purchase Obalon Shares and each outstanding restricted stock unit granted under our equity plan will become fully vested at the Effective Time.

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Governance

The Merger Agreement provides that as of the Effective Time, we will be renamed ReShape Lifesciences Inc. (the “Combined Company”) and the five current directors of ReShape will be comprise the board of directors of the Combined Company: Dan W. Gladney, Barton P. Bandy, Arda M. Minocherhomjee, Ph.D., Lori C. McDougal and Gary D. Blackford. Mr. Gladney will serve as the chairperson and Mr. Blackford will serve as lead director of the board of directors. As of the Effective Time, Mr. Bandy will serve as chief executive officer and Tom Stankovich will serve as the chief financial officer of the Combined Company. No current Obalon directors, officer or employees are expected to continue with the new combined company.

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Conditions to the Merger

The consummation of the Merger is subject to customary closing conditions, including (i) approval of the issuance of Obalon Shares in connection with the Merger by the affirmative vote of the majority of Obalon Shares cast at the Obalon Shareholders’ Meeting in favor of the issuance of Obalon Shares in connection with the Merger, (ii) the adoption of the Merger Agreement by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of all outstanding shares of ReShape common stock entitled to vote thereon, (iii) the absence of any law or order by any governmental entity in effect that seeks to enjoin, make illegal, delay or otherwise restrain or prohibits the consummation of the Merger, (iv) Nasdaq’s approval of the Obalon Shares to be issued in the Merger being listed on the Nasdaq, (v) Nasdaq’s approval of the continued listing application for the Combined Company to maintain the Company’s Nasdaq listing, (vi) subject to certain materiality exceptions, the accuracy of certain representations and warranties of each of us and ReShape contained in the Merger Agreement and the compliance by each party with the covenants contained in the Merger Agreement, (vii) the absence of a material adverse effect with respect to each of us and ReShape and (viii) the registration statement registering the merger consideration becoming effective.

Landlord Dispute

On October 13, 2020, Gildred Development Company (“Gildred”), our landlord in Carlsbad, served us with an unlawful detainer action in the Superior Court of California, County of San Diego (Gildred Development Company v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc., Case No. 37-2020-00035927-CU-UD-CTL). Gildred alleges that we owe more than $113,000 of unpaid rent and fees to Gildred and seeks damages for unpaid rent and continued occupancy of the premises. On November 18, 2020, Gildred filed an ex parte application for a writ of attachment or, in the alternative, a temporary protective order. The application was denied on November 24, 2020. On December 28, 2020, Gildred filed another application for a writ of attachment or, in the alternative, a temporary protective order. On January 22, 2021, the court granted Gildred’s application for a writ of attachment. We have paid the amount of the writ in full, which was $469,000. We are current on our rent obligations under the lease with Gildred.

COMPONENTS OF OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Revenue

We do not currently plan to re-open our retail treatment centers, re-initiate our retail treatment center expansion plans, restart manufacturing operations, or plan to ship orders to U.S. customers or our former international distributor. As a result, we would not expect to report any meaningful revenue for the foreseeable future.

Cost of revenue and gross margin

In March 2020, we suspended manufacturing of the Obalon Balloon System due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We restarted manufacturing on a limited basis in June 2020 to convert a small amount of work-in-progress inventory to finished goods, in order to have units available for clinical trials and unexpected physician sales, but did not continue manufacturing past July 30, 2020 and we have no future plans for restarting.

Research and development expenses

Research and development, or R&D, expenses consist of the cost of engineering, clinical affairs, regulatory affairs and quality assurance associated with developing our Obalon Balloon System. R&D expenses consist primarily of:

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We expense R&D costs as incurred.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, expenses consist of employee-related expenses, including salaries, commissions, benefits, travel expense and stock-based compensation expense. Other SG&A expenses include promotional and advertising activities, marketing, conferences and trade shows, professional services fees, including legal fees, accounting fees, insurance costs, general corporate expenses, and allocated facilities-related expenses. SG&A expenses decreased significantly starting in the second quarter of 2020 due to suspension of business operations and the reduction of employee personnel to only certain key employees. SG&A expenses during the first quarter of 2021 were primarily related to the merger.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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Comparison of three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

Revenue.   Revenue decreased $0.8 million to none during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $0.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The revenue decrease was primarily due to the suspension of operations and abandonment of the retail treatment model in 2020.

Cost of revenue and gross profit (deficit).   Cost of revenue decreased $0.5 million to none during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $0.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The decrease in cost of revenue was primarily attributable to the suspension of all commercial operations in 2020.

Research and development expenses.   R&D expenses decreased $1.1 million to $0.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $1.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020. This decrease was primarily driven by the significant reduction in operations and personnel related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the closing of its operations.

Selling, general and administrative expenses.   SG&A expenses increased $0.2 million to $4.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $3.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The increase from the prior period was primarily driven by the increase in legal and accounting fees as result of the proposed merger which were offset by a decrease in other expenses as a result of suspending operations.

Interest (expense) income, net.   Interest expense, net decreased an immaterial amount during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020. This decrease was attributable to the paying off all the outstanding debt on the Term Loan in the third quarter of 2020.

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Other expense, net.   Other expense, net decreased $0.4 million to none during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $0.4 million for the prior period. This decrease was attributable to increased equity issuance costs during the first three months of 2020 compared to the current period.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

As of March 31, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of $9.0 million and an accumulated deficit of $188.9 million. Our primary sources of capital have been private placements of our preferred securities, the sale of common stock in our initial Public Offering or IPO, in October 2016, a subsequent private placement in August 2018, and various equity financings in 2019 including a follow-on offering in August 2019, and, to a lesser extent, debt financing arrangements. We are continuing to significantly reduce expenditures to extend our cash runway during the suspension of our business operations. From January 1, 2021 through March 31, 2021, the Company’s warrant holders covering 2.3 million shares exercised the warrants and common stock was issued in exchange for proceeds of $9.5 million. We believe our current cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2021 are sufficient to fund our operations through the end of June 2022.

The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In late 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China. Since then, COVID-19 has spread globally. To date, COVID-19 has had, and will continue to have, an adverse impact on the Company’s operations and expenses. In March 2020, the Company suspended all new patient treatments at our Obalon-branded retail centers due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, suspended product shipment to all customers and halted manufacturing. The Company took further steps to significantly reduce expenses in an effort to extend our cash runway while the Company evaluated potential business options, strategic alternatives and the potential for third-party payer reimbursement that may be available when and if the current COVID-19 crisis stabilizes and the economy rebounds. The Company significantly reduced the organization to only essential personnel and since August 2020, only two full-time employees remain. All Obalon-branded retail centers have been shut down with no intention to reopen, and the Company has halted plans for future retail center expansion. The Company does not expect to restart shipments to U.S. customers and the Company has terminated the agreement with our international distributor, Al Danah Medical Company W.L.L. The decision to shift the Company’s strategy to focus on pursuing reimbursement, while also evaluating other strategic options, occurred after the end of the first quarter of 2020. In the fourth quarter of 2020, we determined that the timeline for obtaining third-party reimbursement was longer than the cash runway available and we ceased our efforts related to reimbursement, including terminating its agreement with Blue Ox. We then focused its full efforts on consummating a strategic alternative transaction that would be in the best interest of our stockholders. Since entering into the Merger Agreement with ReShape, we have suspended our efforts to obtain coverage and reimbursement from third-party payors. The Merger is subject to a number of closing conditions and, if one of more of those conditions are not satisfied or waived, the Merger may not close and we would have to continue as a standalone company. As a standalone company, we may not be able to restart commercial operations, renew our efforts to seek third-party reimbursement or determine and launch a different commercial strategy.

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On April 22, 2020, we executed a promissory note in favor of Silicon Valley Bank evidencing an unsecured loan in the aggregate principal amount of $0.4 million, which was made pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program and which we refer to as the PPP Loan. The Paycheck Protection Program was established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, which was enacted on March 27, 2020, and is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. All the funds under the PPP Loan were disbursed to us on April 23, 2020. The Note provides for a fixed interest rate of one percent per year with a maturity date of April 22, 2022 (the “Maturity Date”). Loan payments may be deferred until August 2021, which date is 10 months after the end of our 24-week covered period for the PPP Loan. If we apply for loan forgiveness, loan payments may be deferred until the SBA remits our loan forgiveness amount to the lender. As of December 31, 2020, we have not applied for loan forgiveness. The PPP Loan may be prepaid at any time prior to the Maturity Date with no prepayment penalties or premiums. The Note contains customary event of default provisions.

Under the terms of the CARES Act, PPP loan recipients can apply for and be granted forgiveness for all or a portion of the loans granted under the PPP. Such forgiveness will be subject to approval by the SBA and the Lender and determined, subject to limitations, based on factors set forth in the CARES Act, including verification of the use of loan proceeds for payment of payroll costs and payments of mortgage interest, rent and utilities. In the event the PPP Loan, or

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any portion thereof, is forgiven, the amount forgiven is applied to outstanding principal. The terms of any forgiveness may also be subject to further regulations and guidelines that the SBA may adopt. We will carefully monitor all qualifying expenses and other requirements necessary to attain loan forgiveness; however, no assurance is provided that we will obtain forgiveness of the PPP Loan in whole or in part. We have used all proceeds to date from the PPP Loan to retain employees, maintain payroll and make lease and utility payments. We have not filed for forgiveness and the loan will be repayable in full in the event of a change of control, such as the proposed Merger, unless the lender agrees otherwise.

CASH FLOWS

The following table provides a summary of the net cash flow activity for each of the periods set forth below (in thousands):

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Net cash used in operating activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, net cash used in operating activities was $4.4 million, consisting primarily of a net loss of $4.2 million primarily related to an increase of cost related to the merger, and an increase in net operating assets of $0.5 million. These items were partially offset by non-cash charges of $3.0 million, consisting primarily of stock-based compensation expense and amortization of right-of-use assets.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, net cash used in operating activities was $4.8 million, consisting primarily of a net loss of $5.3 million, an increase in net operating assets of $0.2 million. These items were partially offset by non-cash charges of $0.7 million, consisting primarily of stock-based compensation expense, depreciation expense, and right-of-use asset amortization.

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, net cash used by investing activities was none as the Company was winding down operations.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, net cash used in investing activities was $0.3 million, consisting primarily of capital expenditures..

Net cash provided by financing activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company raised $9.5 million from the exercise of warrants.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020 there were no financing activities.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We currently have no off-balance sheet arrangements, such as structured finance, special purpose entities or variable interest entities.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported revenue generated and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe that the accounting policies related to revenue recognition, accrued research and development costs, stock-based compensation expense and income taxes are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates.

There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Operations included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed on March 12, 2021.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Except as described in Note 2 to our Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements under the heading “Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements”, there have been no new accounting pronouncements or changes to accounting pronouncements during the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the recent accounting pronouncements described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed on March 12, 2021.

JOBS ACT ACCOUNTING ELECTION

In April 2012, the JOBS Act was enacted. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Thus, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected not to avail ourselves of this extended transition period and, as a result, we will adopt new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for other public companies.

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Not applicable.

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, evaluated, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act). Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that as of March 31, 2021, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and our management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II-OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business.

On February 14 and 22, 2018, plaintiff stockholders filed class action lawsuits against us and certain of our executive officers in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California (Hustig v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc., et al., Case No. 3:18-cv-00352-AJB-WVG, and Cook v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al., Case No. 3:18-cv-00407-CAB-RBB). On July 24, 2018, the court consolidated the lawsuits and appointed Inter-Local Pension Fund GCC/IBT as lead plaintiff. On October 5, 2018, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The amended complaint alleges that we and certain of our executive officers made false and misleading statements and failed to disclose material adverse facts about our business, operations, and prospects in violation of Sections 10(b) (and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act. The amended complaint also alleges violations of Section 11 of the Exchange Act arising out of the Company’s initial public offering. The plaintiffs seek damages, interest, costs, attorneys' fees, and other unspecified equitable relief. The underwriters from our initial public offering have also been named as defendants in this case and we have certain obligations under the underwriting agreement to indemnify them for their costs and expenses incurred in connection with this litigation. On September 25, 2019, the court granted in part and denied in part the defendants’ motion to dismiss. The court dismissed the Section 11 claims entirely, without leave to amend, and accordingly dismissed the underwriters and certain directors from the case. The Court also dismissed certain statements from the Section 10 claims. On August 17, 2020, the parties submitted a final settlement agreement of the securities class action for court approval. The settlement provided for a payment of $3.15 million to the plaintiffs, which was paid by the Company’s insurance carriers, and provided that the defendants continue to deny the allegations and claims asserted by the plaintiffs, and are entering into the settlement solely to eliminate the burden and expense of further litigation. On April 22, 2021, the court approved the settlement and dismissed the case.

On October 13, 2020, Gildred Development Company (“Gildred”), our landlord in Carlsbad, served us with an unlawful detainer action in the Superior Court of California, County of San Diego (Gildred Development Company v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc., Case No. 37-2020-00035927-CU-UD-CTL). Gildred alleges that we owe more than $113,000 of unpaid rent and fees to Gildred and seeks damages for unpaid rent and continued occupancy of the premises. On November 18, 2020, Gildred filed an ex parte application for a writ of attachment or, in the alternative, a temporary protective order. The application was denied on November 24, 2020. On December 28, 2020, Gildred filed another application for a writ of attachment or, in the alternative, a temporary protective order. On January 22, 2021, the court granted Gildred’s application for a writ of attachment. We have paid the amount of the writ in full, which was $469,000. We are current on our rent obligations under the lease with Gildred.

As of April 29, 2021, eight lawsuits have been filed by alleged Obalon stockholders against us and our directors related to the Merger. A complaint captioned Machkovsky v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al, Case No. 1:21-cv-03160, was filed by Gregory Machkovsky in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York on April 12, 2021. A complaint captioned Mohammed v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al, Case No. 1:21-cv-03279, was filed by Mohammed Mohammed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York on April 15, 2021. A complaint captioned Hengen v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al, Case No. 1:21-cv-02058, was filed by Lisa Hengen in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York on April 15, 2021. A complaint captioned McCall v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al, Case No. 1:21-cv-03404, was filed by Jason McCall in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York on April 19, 2021. A complaint captioned Franchi v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al, Case No. 1:21-cv-00553-UNA, was filed by Adam Franchi in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware on April 19, 2021. A complaint captioned Finger v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al, Case No. 3:21-cv-00798-WQH-AGS, was filed by Susan Finger in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California on April 22, 2021. A complaint captioned Redfield v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al, Case No. 2:21-cv-01897, was filed by Denise Redfield in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania on April 23, 2021. A complaint captioned Roura v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al, Case No. 1:21-cv-03694, was filed by Pedro Roura in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York on April 26, 2021. The Machkovsky, Hengen, Franchi, McCall, Finger and Roura complaints name as defendants Obalon and certain members of our Board. The

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Mohammed and Redfield complaints name as defendants Obalon, certain members of our Board, Reshape Lifesciences Inc., and Optimus Merger Sub, Inc.

Each of the complaints allege violations of Sections 14(a) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and Rule 14a-9 promulgated thereunder. The complaints generally allege that our various filings with the SEC, including Form 424B3 Prospectuses and Form S-4s, filed between March 3, 2021 and April 13, 2021, omit and/or misrepresent material information with respect to the proposed transaction, and prevent our stockholders from making a fully informed voting decision on the stock issuance proposal before the May 13, 2021 stockholder vote. The Machkovsky and Roura complaints also allege that the individual defendants breached their fiduciary duty of candor in connection with the Merger.

Each of the complaints seek, among other things, (i) injunctive relief preventing the consummation of the proposed transaction, (ii) damages and (iii) plaintiffs’ attorneys’ and experts’ fees and expenses.

We believe that the claims asserted in the complaints are without merit and no supplemental disclosure is required under applicable law. However, in order to avoid the risk of the complaints delaying or adversely affecting the Merger and to minimize the costs, risks and uncertainties inherent in litigation, and without admitting any liability or wrongdoing, Obalon voluntarily supplemented its definitive joint proxy statement/prospectus filed with the SEC on Form S-4/A on April 9, 2021 as described in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 4, 2021. we specifically deny all allegations in the complaints that any additional disclosure was or is required.

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ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

Under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was filed with the SEC on March 12, 2021, we identified important factors that could affect our financial performance and could cause our actual results for future periods to differ materially from our anticipated results or other expectations, including those expressed in any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. There has been no material change in our risk factors subsequent to the filing of our Annual Report, except for the factors described below. However, the risks described in our Annual Report, and below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we currently deem to be immaterial or not currently known to us, as well as other risks reported from time to time in our reports to the SEC, also could cause our actual results to differ materially from our anticipated results or other expectations.

We are subject to securities class action litigation.

On February 14 and 22, 2018, plaintiff stockholders filed class action lawsuits against us and certain of our executive officers in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California (Hustig v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc., et al., Case No. 3:18-cv-00352-AJB-WVG, and Cook v. Obalon Therapeutics, Inc. et al., Case No. 3:18-cv-00407-CAB-RBB). On July 24, 2018, the court consolidated the lawsuits and appointed Inter-Local Pension Fund GCC/IBT as lead plaintiff. On October 5, 2018, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The amended complaint alleges that we and certain of our executive officers made false and misleading statements and failed to disclose material adverse facts about our business, operations, and prospects in violation of Sections 10(b) (and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. The amended complaint also alleges violations of Section 11 of the Exchange Act arising out of the Company’s initial public offering. The plaintiffs seek damages, interest, costs, attorneys’ fees, and other unspecified equitable relief. The underwriters from our initial public offering have also been named as defendants in this case and we have certain obligations under the underwriting agreement to indemnify them for their costs and expenses incurred in connection with this litigation.

On September 25, 2020, the court granted in part and denied in part the defendants’ motion to dismiss. The court dismissed the Section 11 claims entirely, without leave to amend, and accordingly dismissed the underwriters and certain directors from the case. The Court also dismissed certain statements from the Section 10 claims.

On August 17, 2020, the parties submitted a final settlement agreement of the securities class action for court approval. The settlement provided for a payment of $3.15 million to the plaintiffs, which was paid by the Company’s insurance carriers, and provided that the defendants continue to deny the allegations and claims asserted by the plaintiffs, and are

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entering into the settlement solely to eliminate the burden and expense of further litigation. On April 22, 2021, the court approved the settlement and dismissed the case.

Such litigation could subject us to substantial costs, divert resources and the attention of management from our business and harm our business, results of operations, financial condition, reputation, and cash flows. These factors may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Such litigation could subject us to substantial costs, divert resources and the attention of management from our business and harm our business, results of operations, financial condition, reputation, and cash flows. These factors may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Use of Proceeds

None.

ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. Other Information

None.

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ITEM 6. Exhibits

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†     This certification is deemed not filed for purpose of section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

‡     Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

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