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EX-32.2 - EXHIBIT 32.2 - PRUDENTIAL ANNUITIES LIFE ASSURANCE CORP/CTpalac-2017331xex322.htm
EX-32.1 - EXHIBIT 32.1 - PRUDENTIAL ANNUITIES LIFE ASSURANCE CORP/CTpalac-2017331xex321.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - PRUDENTIAL ANNUITIES LIFE ASSURANCE CORP/CTpalac-2017331xex312.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - PRUDENTIAL ANNUITIES LIFE ASSURANCE CORP/CTpalac-2017331xex311.htm
Table of Contents                                 
                


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_____________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
______________________________ 
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017
OR
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Transition Period from                      to                     
Commission File Number 033-44202
_____________________________________ 
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Arizona
 
06-1241288
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484
(203) 926-1888
(Address and Telephone Number of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of the Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
¨
Accelerated filer
¨
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
x
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Smaller reporting company
¨
 
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x
As of May 11, 2017, 25,000 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock (par value $100) consisting of 100 voting shares and 24,900 non-voting shares were outstanding. As of such date, Prudential Annuities, Inc., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Inc., a New Jersey corporation, owned all of the Registrant’s Common Stock.
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation meets the conditions set
forth in General Instruction (H) (1) (a) and (b) on Form 10-Q and
is therefore filing this Form 10-Q in the reduced disclosure format.


Table of Contents                                 
                


TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
 
Page
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
Item 3.
 
Item 4.
 
Item 1.
 
Item 1A.
 
Item 6.



2

Table of Contents                                 
                


FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain of the statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including but not limited to those in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “includes,” “plans,” “assumes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “should,” “will,” “shall” or variations of such words are generally part of forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects upon Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation will be those anticipated by management. These forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and there are certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ, possibly materially, from expectations or estimates reflected in such forward-looking statements, including, among others: (1) general economic, market and political conditions, including the performance and fluctuations of fixed income, equity, real estate and other financial markets; (2) the availability and cost of additional debt or equity capital or external financing for our operations; (3) interest rate fluctuations or prolonged periods of low interest rates; (4) the degree to which we choose not to hedge risks, or the potential ineffectiveness or insufficiency of hedging or risk management strategies we do implement; (5) reestimates of our reserves for future policy benefits and claims; (6) differences between actual experience regarding mortality, morbidity, persistency, utilization, interest rates, or market returns and the assumptions we use in pricing our products, establishing liabilities and reserves or for other purposes; (7) changes in our assumptions related to deferred policy acquisition costs or value of business acquired; (8) changes in our financial strength or credit ratings; (9) investment losses, defaults and counterparty non-performance; (10) competition in our product lines and for personnel; (11) changes in tax law; (12) regulatory or legislative changes, including the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the U.S. Department of Labor's fiduciary rules; (13) inability to protect our intellectual property rights or claims of infringement of the intellectual property rights of others; (14) adverse determinations in litigation or regulatory matters, and our exposure to contingent liabilities, including related to the remediation of certain securities lending activities administered by Prudential Financial, Inc.; (15) domestic or international military actions, natural or man-made disasters including terrorist activities or pandemic disease, or other events resulting in catastrophic loss of life; (16) ineffectiveness of risk management policies and procedures in identifying, monitoring and managing risks; (17) interruption in telecommunication, information technology or other operational systems or failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive data on such systems; (18) changes in accounting principles, practices or policies; and (19) possible difficulties in executing, integrating and realizing projected results of acquisitions, divestitures and restructurings. Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation does not intend, and is under no obligation, to update any particular forward-looking statement included in this document. See “Risk Factors” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 for discussion of certain risks relating to our business and investment in our securities.


3

Table of Contents                                 
                


PART I - Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position
March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands, except share amounts)
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
ASSETS
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost, 2017: $10,078,359; 2016: $9,818,298)
$
9,687,098

 
$
9,362,763

Trading account assets, at fair value
152,020

 
149,871

Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (cost, 2017: $14; 2016: $365)
18

 
18

Commercial mortgage and other loans
1,275,084

 
1,231,893

Policy loans
12,319

 
12,719

Short-term investments
592,068

 
947,150

Other long-term investments
251,188

 
551,931

Total investments
11,969,795

 
12,256,345

Cash and cash equivalents
2,069,220

 
1,848,039

Deferred policy acquisition costs
4,345,700

 
4,344,361

Accrued investment income
68,810

 
86,004

Reinsurance recoverables
551,288

 
588,608

Income tax receivable
1,842,591

 
1,978,607

Value of business acquired
29,842

 
30,287

Deferred sales inducements
963,251

 
978,823

Receivables from parent and affiliates
100,570

 
111,703

Other assets
153,999

 
169,649

Separate account assets
37,810,236

 
37,429,739

TOTAL ASSETS
$
59,905,302

 
$
59,822,165

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 
 
Future policy benefits
$
8,144,180

 
$
8,686,196

Policyholders’ account balances
4,688,654

 
4,736,889

Payables to parent and affiliates
95,097

 
91,432

Cash collateral for loaned securities
35,297

 
23,350

Short-term debt
37,710

 
28,101

Long-term debt
971,899

 
971,899

Reinsurance payables
268,455

 
275,822

Other liabilities
466,354

 
489,007

Separate account liabilities
37,810,236

 
37,429,739

Total Liabilities
52,517,882

 
52,732,435

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES (See Note 6)

 

EQUITY
 
 
 
Common stock, ($100 par value; 25,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding)
2,500

 
2,500

Additional paid-in capital
8,095,436

 
8,095,436

Retained earnings/(accumulated deficit)
(430,900
)
 
(693,258
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
(279,616
)
 
(314,948
)
Total Equity
7,387,420

 
7,089,730

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
$
59,905,302

 
$
59,822,165

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements

4

Table of Contents                                 
                


Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Unaudited Interim Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands)
 
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
REVENUES
 
 
 
Premiums
$
18,827

 
$
5,490

Policy charges and fee income
537,306

 
149,506

Net investment income
102,249

 
33,010

Asset administration fees and other income
98,802

 
27,331

Realized investment gains (losses), net:
 
 
 
Other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity securities
(2,660
)
 
(3,755
)
Other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity securities transferred to other comprehensive income (loss)
5

 
1,818

Other realized investment gains (losses), net
12,140

 
(12,305
)
Total realized investment gains (losses), net
9,485

 
(14,242
)
Total revenues
766,669

 
201,095

BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
 
 
 
Policyholders’ benefits
16,773

 
23,676

Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances
35,383

 
131,659

Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs
65,392

 
207,476

General, administrative and other expenses
269,393

 
66,779

Total benefits and expenses
386,941

 
429,590

INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES
379,728

 
(228,495
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
117,370

 
(85,830
)
NET INCOME (LOSS)
$
262,358

 
$
(142,665
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustments
11

 
28

Net unrealized investment gains (losses):
 
 
 
Unrealized investment gains (losses) for the period
51,334

 
25,501

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
3,013

 
2,146

Net unrealized investment gains (losses)
54,347

 
27,647

Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
54,358

 
27,675

Less: Income tax expense (benefit) related to:
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustments
4

 
10

Net unrealized investment gains (losses)
19,022

 
9,676

Total
19,026

 
9,686

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
35,332

 
17,989

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
$
297,690

 
$
(124,676
)




See Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements

5

Table of Contents                                 
                


Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Unaudited Interim Statements of Equity
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands)
 
 
Common Stock
 
Additional Paid-in Capital
 
Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit)
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Total Equity  
Balance, December 31, 2016
$
2,500

 
$
8,095,436

 
$
(693,258
)
 
$
(314,948
)
 
$
7,089,730

Comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
 
 
 
 
262,358

 
 
 
262,358

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
35,332

 
35,332

Total comprehensive income (loss)

 

 

 

 
297,690

Balance, March 31, 2017
$
2,500

 
$
8,095,436

 
$
(430,900
)
 
$
(279,616
)
 
$
7,387,420

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common Stock
 
Additional Paid-in Capital
 
Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit)
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Total Equity  
Balance, December 31, 2015
$
2,500

 
$
901,422

 
$
396,830

 
$
46,166

 
$
1,346,918

Comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
 
 
 
 
(142,665
)
 
 
 
(142,665
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
17,989

 
17,989

Total comprehensive income (loss)

 

 

 

 
(124,676
)
Balance, March 31, 2016
$
2,500

 
$
901,422

 
$
254,165

 
$
64,155

 
$
1,222,242

















See Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements

6

Table of Contents                                 
                


Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Unaudited Interim Statements of Cash Flows
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands)

 
2017
 
2016
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
$
262,358

 
$
(142,665
)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Policy charges and fee income
(447
)
 
102

Realized investment (gains) losses, net
(9,485
)
 
14,242

Depreciation and amortization
(3,546
)
 
1,819

Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances
35,383

 
131,659

Change in:
 
 
 
Future policy benefits
241,003

 
64,852

Accrued investment income
17,194

 
(4,413
)
Net receivable from/payable to parent and affiliates
14,862

 
(64,504
)
Deferred sales inducements
(205
)
 
(8
)
Deferred policy acquisition costs
(4,048
)
 
207,158

Income taxes
116,991

 
(87,927
)
Reinsurance recoverables, net
5,062

 
(63,764
)
Derivatives, net
(559,206
)
 
(6,366
)
Other, net
30,454

 
(9,197
)
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities
146,370

 
40,988

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Proceeds from the sale/maturity/prepayment of:
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
289,276

 
74,705

Commercial mortgage and other loans
7,694

 
5,582

Trading account assets
1,307

 
540

Policy loans
548

 
227

Other long-term investments
66,317

 
415

Short-term investments
939,652

 
702,478

Payments for the purchase/origination of:
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
(561,955
)
 
(148,237
)
Commercial mortgage and other loans
(49,407
)
 
(14,184
)
Trading account assets
(953
)
 
(300
)
Policy loans
(10
)
 
(109
)
Other long-term investments
(1,788
)
 
(2,156
)
Short-term investments
(584,277
)
 
(545,014
)
Notes receivable from parent and affiliates, net
714

 
1,941

Derivatives, net
1,081

 
1

Other, net
2,990

 
149

Cash flows from (used in) investing activities
111,189

 
76,038

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Cash collateral for loaned securities
11,947

 
(6,885
)
Net increase/(decrease) in short-term borrowing
9,609

 
(1,000
)
Drafts outstanding
2,348

 
2,584

Policyholders’ account deposits
571,126

 
412,276


7

Table of Contents                                 
                


Ceded policyholders' account deposits
(930
)
 
(16,249
)
Policyholders' account withdrawals
(636,328
)
 
(412,798
)
Ceded policyholders' account withdrawals
5,850

 
10,988

Cash flows from (used in) financing activities
(36,378
)
 
(11,084
)
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
221,181

 
105,942

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR
1,848,039

 
536

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD
$
2,069,220

 
$
106,478



























See Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements

8

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)




1.    BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation (the “Company” or “PALAC”), with its principal offices in Shelton, Connecticut, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Annuities, Inc. (“PAI”), which in turn is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Inc. ("Prudential Financial"), a New Jersey corporation.

The Company developed long-term savings and retirement products, which were distributed through its affiliated broker/dealer company, Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc. (“PAD”). The Company issued variable and fixed deferred and immediate annuities for individuals and groups in the United States of America, District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. In addition, the Company has a relatively small in force block of variable life insurance policies. The Company no longer actively sells such products.

Beginning in March 2010, the Company ceased offering its variable annuity products (and where offered, the companion market value adjustment option) to new investors upon the launch of a new product line by each of Pruco Life Insurance Company ("Pruco Life") and its wholly-owned subsidiary Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey ("PLNJ") (which are affiliates of the Company). These initiatives were implemented to create operational and administrative efficiencies by offering a single product line of annuity products from a more limited group of legal entities. During 2012, the Company suspended additional customer deposits for variable annuities with certain living benefit guarantees. However, subject to applicable contract provisions and administrative rules, the Company continues to accept additional customer deposits on certain in force contracts.

The Company is engaged in a business that is highly competitive because of the large number of stock and mutual life insurance companies and other entities engaged in marketing long-term savings and retirement products, including insurance products, and individual and group annuities.

On August 31, 2013, the Company redomesticated from Connecticut to Arizona. As a result of the redomestication, the Company is now an Arizona insurance company and its principal insurance regulatory authority is the Arizona Department of Insurance. The redomestication also resulted in the Company being domiciled in the same jurisdiction as the then primary reinsurer of the Company's living benefit guarantees, Pruco Reinsurance, Ltd. ("Pruco Re"), which enabled the Company to claim statutory reserve credit for business ceded to Pruco Re without the need for Pruco Re to collateralize its obligations under the reinsurance agreement. As of April 1, 2016, the Company no longer reinsures its living benefit guarantees to Pruco Re.

As disclosed in Note 1 to the Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company surrendered its New York license effective December 31, 2015, and reinsured the majority of its New York business to an affiliate, The Prudential lnsurance Company of America (“Prudential Insurance”). The license surrender relieves the Company of the requirement to hold New York statutory reserves on its business in excess of the statutory reserves required by its domiciliary regulator, the Arizona Department of Insurance. For the small portion of New York business retained by the Company, a custodial account has been established to hold collateral assets in an amount equal to a percentage of the reserves associated with such business, as calculated in accordance with PALAC's New York Regulation 109 Plan approved by the New York Department of Financial Services.

Through March 31, 2016, the Company reinsured the majority of its variable annuity living benefit guarantees to its affiliated companies, Pruco Re and Prudential Insurance. Effective April 1, 2016, the Company recaptured the risks related to its variable annuity living benefit guarantees that were previously reinsured to Pruco Re and Prudential Insurance. In addition, the Company reinsured the variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees, from Pruco Life, excluding the PLNJ business which was reinsured to Prudential Insurance, under a coinsurance and modified coinsurance agreement. This reinsurance agreement covers new and in force business and excludes business reinsured externally. The product risks related to the reinsured business are being managed in the Company. In addition, the living benefit hedging program related to the reinsured living benefit guarantees is being managed within the Company. These series of transactions are collectively referred to as the "Variable Annuities Recapture".


9

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


The financial statement impacts of these transactions were as follows:

Affected Financial Statement Lines Only
Interim Statement of Financial Position
 
Balance as of
March 31, 2016
Impacts of Recapture
Impacts of Reinsurance
Total
 
(in millions)
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Total investments(1)
$
3,343

$
3,084

$
10,624

$
17,051

Cash and cash equivalents
106

11

1,024

1,141

Deferred policy acquisition costs
537

0

3,134

3,671

Reinsurance recoverables
3,776

(3,401
)
320

695

Deferred sales inducements
327

0

500

827

Income tax receivable(2)
0

115

2,441

2,556

TOTAL ASSETS
46,694

(191
)
18,043

64,546

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
Policyholders' account balances
$
2,422

$
0

$
2,387

$
4,809

Future policy benefits
4,295

0

6,972

11,267

Short-term and long-term debt(3)
0

0

1,268

1,268

Other liabilities
114

0

630

744

TOTAL LIABILITIES
45,472

0

11,257

56,729

EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Additional paid-in capital(4)
901

0

8,422

9,323

Retained earnings
254

(191
)
(1,600
)
(1,537
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
64

0

(36
)
28

TOTAL EQUITY
1,222

(191
)
6,786

7,817

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
46,694

(191
)
18,043

64,546


Significant Non-Cash Transactions
(1) The increase in total investments includes non-cash activities of $3.1 billion for assets received related to the recapture transaction with Pruco Re, $7.1 billion for assets received related to the reinsurance transaction with Pruco Life and $3.6 billion related to non-cash capital contributions from PAI.
(2) Prudential Financial contributed current tax receivables through PAI of $1.5 billion to the Company as part of the Variable Annuities Recapture.
(3) The Company incurred ceding commissions of $3.6 billion, of which $1.1 billion was in the form of reassignment of debt from Pruco Life.
(4) The increase in additional paid-in capital ("APIC") includes non-cash capital contributions from PAI of $3.6 billion in invested assets, $1.5 billion of current tax receivables and $2.5 billion funding for the ceding commission for the reinsurance transaction with Pruco Life.

10

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)



Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Day 1 Impact of the Variable Annuities Recapture

Impacts of Recapture
Impacts of Reinsurance
Total Impacts
 
(in millions)
REVENUES
 
 
 
Premiums
$
0

$
832

$
832

Realized investment gains (losses), net
(305
)
(2,561
)
(2,866
)
TOTAL REVENUES
(305
)
(1,729
)
(2,034
)
BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
 
 
 
Policyholders' benefits
0

522

522

General, administrative and other expenses
0

310

310

TOTAL BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
0

832

832

INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES
(305
)
(2,561
)
(2,866
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
(114
)
(961
)
(1,075
)
NET INCOME (LOSS)
$
(191
)
$
(1,600
)
$
(1,791
)

As part of the Variable Annuities Recapture, the Company received invested assets of $3.1 billion as consideration from Pruco Re, which is equivalent to the amount of statutory reserve credit taken as of March 31, 2016, and unwound the associated reinsurance recoverable of $3.4 billion. As a result of the recapture transaction, the Company recognized a loss of $0.3 billion immediately.

For the Variable Annuities Recapture, the Company received invested assets of $7.1 billion as consideration from Pruco Life and established reserves of $9.4 billion. In addition, the Company incurred ceding commissions of $3.6 billion, of which $1.1 billion was in the form of reassignment of debt from Pruco Life. Also, the Company established deferred policy acquisition costs ("DAC") and deferred sales inducements ("DSI") balances, which were equivalent to the ceding commission incurred by the Company. For the reinsurance of the variable annuity base contracts, the Company recognized a benefit of $0.3 billion, which was deferred and will subsequently be amortized through General, administrative and other expenses. For the reinsurance of the living benefit guarantees, the Company recognized a loss of $2.6 billion immediately since the reinsurance contract is accounted for as a free-standing derivative.

The Company also received a capital contribution of $8.4 billion from PAI.

As a result of the Variable Annuities Recapture, Pruco Re no longer had any material active reinsurance with affiliates. On September 30, 2016, Pruco Re was merged with and into the Company.


11

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


The following table summarizes the asset transfers related to Variable Annuities Recapture between the Company and its affiliates.

Affiliate
 
Period
 
Transaction
 
Security Type
 
Fair Value
 
Book Value
 
APIC Increase/ (Decrease)
 
Realized Investment Gain/(Loss), Net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Pruco Re
 
Apr - June 2016
 
Purchase
 
Derivatives
 
$
3,084

 
$
3,084

 
$
0

 
$
0

Pruco Life
 
Apr - June 2016
 
Purchase
 
Fixed Maturities, Trading Account Assets, Commercial Mortgages, Derivatives, JV/LP Investments and Short-Term Investments
 
$
6,994

 
$
6,994

 
$
0

 
$
0

PAI
 
Apr - June 2016
 
Contributed Capital
 
Fixed Maturities, Trading Account Assets and Derivatives
 
$
3,517

 
$
3,517

 
$
3,517

 
$
0


Basis of Presentation

The Unaudited Interim Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) on a basis consistent with reporting interim financial information in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position and results of operations have been made. All such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The most significant estimates include those used in determining DAC and related amortization; value of business acquired ("VOBA") and its amortization; amortization of DSI; valuation of investments including derivatives and the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments (“OTTI”); future policy benefits including guarantees; provision for income taxes and valuation of deferred tax assets; and accruals for contingent liabilities, including estimates for losses in connection with unresolved legal matters.

Revision to Prior Period Financial Statements

In 2016, the Company identified errors in the presentation of certain activity related to affiliated reinsurance transactions that impacted several line items within our previously issued Statement of Cash Flows for the interim period ended March 31, 2016. Management assessed the materiality of the misstatements on prior period financial statements in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 99, Materiality, codified in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 250-10, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections ("ASC 250"), and concluded that these misstatements were not material to any prior interim periods. Accordingly, the Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2016, which is presented herein, has been revised, as presented below:

12

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
(UNAUDITED)
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
As Previously Reported
 
Revision
 
As Revised
 
(in thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
 
 
Reinsurance recoverables
$
(69,025
)
 
$
5,261

 
$
(63,764
)
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities
35,727

 
5,261

 
40,988

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
 
 
Ceded policyholders’ account deposits
0

 
(16,249
)
 
(16,249
)
Ceded policyholders’ account withdrawals
0

 
10,988

 
10,988

Cash flows from (used in) financing activities
(5,823
)
 
(5,261
)
 
(11,084
)

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

2.    SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRONOUNCEMENTS

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") in the form of accounting standards updates ("ASU") to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification.
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASU. ASU listed below include those that have been adopted during the current fiscal year and/or those that have been issued but not yet adopted as of the date of this filing. ASU not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or not material.
There have been no ASU adopted during the current quarter ended March 31, 2017.

ASU issued but not yet adopted as of the reporting date March 31, 2017

Standard
 
Description
 
Effective date and method of adoption
 
Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
ASU 2014-09,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)
 
The ASU is based on the core principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. The standard also requires additional disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, and assets recognized from the costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer. Revenue recognition for insurance contracts and financial instruments are explicitly scoped out of the standard.
 
January 1, 2018 using one of two retrospective application methods (early adoption permitted beginning January 1, 2017).
                                           The Company plans to adopt the standard on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective application.
 
Given that insurance contracts and financial instruments are explicitly scoped out of the standard, the Company does not expect the adoption of the ASU to have a significant impact on the Company’s Financial Statements and Notes to the Financial Statements.

13

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Standard
 
Description
 
Effective date and method of adoption
 
Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
ASU 2016-01,
Financial
Instruments -
Overall (Subtopic 825-10):
Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Liabilities
 
The ASU revises an entity’s accounting related to the classification and measurement of certain equity investments and the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. The standard also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments.
 
January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method. The amendments are to be applied prospectively as they relate to equity investments without readily determinable fair value.
 
The Company’s equity investments, except for those accounted for using the equity method, will generally be carried on the Statements of Financial Position at fair value with changes in fair value reported in current earnings. The Company is continuing to assess additional impacts of the ASU on the Company’s Financial Statements and Notes to the Financial Statements.
ASU 2016-13,
Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326):
Measurement of
Credit Losses on
Financial
Instruments
 
This ASU provides a new current expected credit loss model to account for credit losses on certain financial assets and off-balance sheet exposures (e.g., loans held for investment, debt securities held to maturity, reinsurance receivables, net investments in leases and loan commitments). The model requires an entity to estimate lifetime credit losses related to such financial assets and exposures based on relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. The standard also modifies the current other-than-temporary impairment standard for available-for-sale debt securities to require the use of an allowance rather than a direct write down of the investment, and replaces existing standard for purchased credit deteriorated loans and debt securities.
 
January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective method, however prospective application is required for purchased credit deteriorated assets previously accounted for under ASU 310-30 and for debt securities for which an other-than-temporary-impairment was recognized prior to the date of adoption. Early adoption is permitted beginning January 1, 2019.
 
The Company is currently assessing the impact of the ASU on the Company’s Financial Statements and Notes to the Financial Statements.
ASU 2016-15,
Statement of Cash
Flows (Topic 230):
Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash
Payments (a
Consensus of the
Emerging Issues
Task Force)
 
This ASU addresses diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The standard provides clarity on the treatment of eight specifically defined types of cash inflows and outflows.
 
January 1, 2018 using the retrospective method (with early adoption permitted provided that all amendments are adopted in the same period).
 
The Company is currently assessing the impact of the ASU on the Company’s Financial Statements and Notes to the Financial Statements.

14

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Standard
 
Description
 
Effective date and method of adoption
 
Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
Update 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash
 
In November 2016, the FASB issued this ASU to address diversity in practice from entities classifying and presenting transfers between cash and restricted cash as operating, investing, or financing activities, or as a combination of those activities in the Statement of Cash Flows. The ASU requires entities to show the changes in the total of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents in the Statement of Cash Flows. As a result, transfers between such categories will no longer be presented in the Statement of Cash Flows.
 
January 1, 2018 using the retrospective method (with early adoption permitted).
 
The Company is currently assessing the impact of the ASU on the Company’s Financial Statements and Notes to the Financial Statements
ASU 2017-08,
Receivables -
Nonrefundable Fees
and Other Costs
(Subtopic 310-20)
Premium
Amortization on
Purchased Callable
Debt Securities

 
This ASU requires certain premiums on callable debt securities to be amortized to the earliest call date.

 
January 1, 2019 using the modified
retrospective method (with early adoption
permitted).

 
The Company is currently assessing the impact of the ASU on the Company’s
Financial Statements and Notes to the Financial Statements.





15

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


3.    INVESTMENTS

Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities

The following tables set forth information relating to fixed maturities and equity securities (excluding investments classified as trading), as of the dates indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
Amortized
Cost or Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
OTTI
in AOCI(3)
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
$
5,132,074

 
$
2,661

 
$
501,335

 
$
4,633,400

 
$
0

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
91,978

 
625

 
2,768

 
89,835

 
0

Foreign government bonds
89,511

 
6,193

 
162

 
95,542

 
0

Public utilities
516,787

 
15,225

 
7,625

 
524,387

 
0

Redeemable preferred stock
29,562

 
1,254

 
168

 
30,648

 
0

All other U.S. public corporate securities
1,557,141

 
75,062

 
8,684

 
1,623,519

 
0

All other U.S. private corporate securities
975,332

 
29,271

 
8,535

 
996,068

 
(694
)
All other foreign public corporate securities
160,432

 
5,718

 
715

 
165,435

 
0

All other foreign private corporate securities
541,512

 
9,149

 
12,903

 
537,758

 
0

Asset-backed securities(1)
312,110

 
3,689

 
204

 
315,595

 
0

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
484,174

 
6,347

 
6,388

 
484,133

 
0

Residential mortgage-backed securities(2)
187,746

 
3,663

 
631

 
190,778

 
(5
)
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale
$
10,078,359

 
$
158,857

 
$
550,118

 
$
9,687,098

 
$
(699
)
Equity securities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stocks:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial, miscellaneous & other
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
 
Mutual funds
14

 
4

 
0

 
18

 
 
Total equity securities, available-for-sale
$
14

 
$
4

 
$
0

 
$
18

 
 

(1)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.
(2)
Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
(3)
Represents the amount of OTTI losses in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("AOCI"), which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $0.0 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.


16

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
December 31, 2016
 
Amortized
Cost or Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
OTTI
in AOCI(3)
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
$
4,998,652

 
$
2,487

 
$
536,114

 
$
4,465,025

 
$
0

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
92,107

 
566

 
2,699

 
89,974

 
0

Foreign government bonds
64,352

 
5,404

 
370

 
69,386

 
0

Public utilities
448,349

 
13,155

 
10,348

 
451,156

 
0

Redeemable preferred stock
29,581

 
288

 
633

 
29,236

 
0

All other U.S. public corporate securities
1,619,814

 
73,819

 
10,153

 
1,683,480

 
(771
)
All other U.S. private corporate securities
951,324

 
27,234

 
13,810

 
964,748

 
(694
)
All other foreign public corporate securities
183,253

 
5,410

 
1,022

 
187,641

 
0

All other foreign private corporate securities
501,140

 
5,349

 
20,450

 
486,039

 
0

Asset-backed securities(1)
248,547

 
3,227

 
465

 
251,309

 
0

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
484,673

 
6,793

 
6,753

 
484,713

 
0

Residential mortgage-backed securities(2)
196,506

 
4,063

 
513

 
200,056

 
(5
)
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale
$
9,818,298

 
$
147,795

 
$
603,330

 
$
9,362,763

 
$
(1,470
)
Equity securities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stocks:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial, miscellaneous & other
$
351

 
$
0

 
$
351

 
$
0

 
 
Mutual funds
14

 
4

 
0

 
18

 
 
Total equity securities, available-for-sale
$
365

 
$
4

 
$
351

 
$
18

 
 

(1)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.
(2)
Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
(3)
Represents the amount of OTTI losses in AOCI, which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $0.2 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.
 
The following tables set forth the fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity and equity securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated:



17

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
March 31, 2017
 
Less Than Twelve Months
 
Twelve Months or More
 
Total
 
Fair Value  
 
Gross
  Unrealized  
Losses
 
Fair Value  
 
Gross
  Unrealized  
Losses
 
Fair Value  
 
Gross
  Unrealized  
Losses
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
$
4,433,715

 
$
501,335

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
4,433,715

 
$
501,335

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
73,724

 
2,768

 
0

 
0

 
73,724

 
2,768

Foreign government bonds
10,293

 
162

 
0

 
0

 
10,293

 
162

Public utilities
239,818

 
5,812

 
17,496

 
1,813

 
257,314

 
7,625

Redeemable preferred stock
13,393

 
168

 
0

 
0

 
13,393

 
168

All other U.S. public corporate securities
479,998

 
7,501

 
13,149

 
1,183

 
493,147

 
8,684

All other U.S. private corporate securities
354,270

 
7,295

 
4,538

 
1,240

 
358,808

 
8,535

All other foreign public corporate securities
60,542

 
715

 
0

 
0

 
60,542

 
715

All other foreign private corporate securities
212,580

 
7,417

 
53,735

 
5,486

 
266,315

 
12,903

Asset-backed securities
75,588

 
201

 
8,999

 
3

 
84,587

 
204

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
295,109

 
6,388

 
0

 
0

 
295,109

 
6,388

Residential mortgage-backed securities
90,906

 
631

 
0

 
0

 
90,906

 
631

Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale
$
6,339,936

 
$
540,393

 
$
97,917

 
$
9,725

 
$
6,437,853

 
$
550,118

Equity securities, available-for-sale
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
 
December 31, 2016
 
Less Than Twelve Months
 
Twelve Months or More
 
Total
 
Fair Value  
 
Gross
  Unrealized  
Losses
 
Fair Value  
 
Gross
  Unrealized  
Losses
 
Fair Value  
 
Gross
  Unrealized  
Losses
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
$
4,254,477

 
$
536,114

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
4,254,477

 
$
536,114

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
73,885

 
2,699

 
0

 
0

 
73,885

 
2,699

Foreign government bonds
32,107

 
370

 
0

 
0

 
32,107

 
370

Public utilities
240,041

 
8,019

 
17,097

 
2,329

 
257,138

 
10,348

Redeemable preferred stock
12,948

 
633

 
0

 
0

 
12,948

 
633

All other U.S. public corporate securities
530,904

 
8,798

 
12,981

 
1,355

 
543,885

 
10,153

All other U.S. private corporate securities
453,976

 
13,632

 
12,304

 
178

 
466,280

 
13,810

All other foreign public corporate securities
89,962

 
1,016

 
9,994

 
6

 
99,956

 
1,022

All other foreign private corporate securities
247,111

 
11,661

 
58,214

 
8,789

 
305,325

 
20,450

Asset-backed securities
67,246

 
439

 
16,489

 
26

 
83,735

 
465

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
293,651

 
6,753

 
0

 
0

 
293,651

 
6,753

Residential mortgage-backed securities
68,283

 
513

 
0

 
0

 
68,283

 
513

Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale
$
6,364,591

 
$
590,647

 
$
127,079

 
$
12,683

 
$
6,491,670

 
$
603,330

Equity securities, available-for-sale
$
0

 
$
351

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
351



18

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the gross unrealized losses on fixed maturities were composed of $544.9 million and $594.9 million, respectively, related to high or highest quality securities based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) or equivalent rating and $5.2 million and $8.4 million, respectively, related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. As of March 31, 2017, the $9.7 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the consumer non-cyclical, utility and energy sectors of the Company’s corporate securities. As of December 31, 2016, the $12.7 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the consumer non-cyclical, finance and utility sectors of the Company’s corporate securities. In accordance with its policy described in Note 2 to the Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for OTTI for these fixed maturities was not warranted at either March 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016. These conclusions are based on a detailed analysis of the underlying credit and cash flows on each security. Gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to general credit spread widening, increases in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rate movements. As of March 31, 2017, the Company did not intend to sell these securities, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost basis.

At December 31, 2016, all of the gross unrealized losses on equity securities represented declines in value of greater than 20%, all of which had been in that position for less than six months.

The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities, as of the date indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
Amortized Cost
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
Due in one year or less
$
628,670

 
$
635,530

Due after one year through five years
1,277,425

 
1,299,750

Due after five years through ten years
1,313,341

 
1,353,243

Due after ten years
5,874,893

 
5,408,069

Asset-backed securities
312,110

 
315,595

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
484,174

 
484,133

Residential mortgage-backed securities
187,746

 
190,778

Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale
$
10,078,359

 
$
9,687,098


Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they do not have a single maturity date.


19

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


The following table sets forth the sources of fixed maturity and equity security proceeds and related investment gains (losses), as well as losses on impairments of both fixed maturities and equity securities, for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
Proceeds from sales(1)
$
166,834

 
$
30,474

Proceeds from maturities/prepayments
121,865

 
45,601

Gross investment gains from sales and maturities
75

 
86

Gross investment losses from sales and maturities
(433
)
 
(295
)
OTTI recognized in earnings(2)
(2,655
)
 
(1,937
)
Equity securities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
Proceeds from sales
$
0

 
$
0

Gross investment gains from sales
0

 
0

Gross investment losses from sales
0

 
0

OTTI recognized in earnings
0

 
0


(1)
Includes $(0.6) million and $1.4 million of non-cash related proceeds for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
(2)
Excludes the portion of OTTI recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss)” ("OCI"), representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of the impairment.

The following tables set forth the amount of pre-tax credit loss impairments on fixed maturities held by the Company for which a portion of the OTTI loss was recognized in OCI and the corresponding changes in such amounts, for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in thousands)
Credit loss impairments:
 
Balance, beginning of period
$
1,325

 
$
86

New credit loss impairments
0

 
1,189

Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses
3

 
0

Reductions for securities which matured, paid down, prepaid or were sold during the period
0

 
(3
)
Reductions for securities impaired to fair value during the period(1)
(520
)
 
0

Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected to be collected
(2
)
 
(1
)
Balance, end of period
$
806

 
$
1,271


(1)
Represents circumstances where the Company determined in the current period that it intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security's amortized cost.

Trading Account Assets

The following table sets forth the composition of “Trading account assets,” as of the dates indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Amortized Cost or Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Amortized Cost or Cost
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities
$
147,082

 
$
141,218

 
$
147,057

 
$
139,513

Equity securities
7,586

 
10,802

 
7,551

 
10,358

Total trading account assets
$
154,668

 
$
152,020

 
$
154,608

 
$
149,871


20

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)



The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from trading account assets still held at period end, recorded within “Asset administration fees and other income,” was $2.1 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans

The following table sets forth the composition of the Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Amount
(in thousands)
 
% of
Total
 
Amount
(in thousands)
 
% of
Total
Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Apartments/Multi-Family
$
294,356

 
23.1
%
 
$
277,296

 
22.5
%
Industrial
281,966

 
22.1

 
263,705

 
21.4

Hospitality
3,890

 
0.3

 
3,925

 
0.3

Office
295,671

 
23.1

 
294,304

 
23.8

Other
92,147

 
7.2

 
87,465

 
7.1

Retail
221,400

 
17.3

 
223,252

 
18.1

Total commercial mortgage loans
1,189,430

 
93.1

 
1,149,947

 
93.2

Agricultural property loans
87,932

 
6.9

 
84,235

 
6.8

Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type
1,277,362

 
100.0
%
 
1,234,182

 
100.0
%
Valuation allowance
(2,278
)
 
 
 
(2,289
)
 
 
Total commercial mortgage and other loans
$
1,275,084

 
 
 
$
1,231,893

 
 

As of March 31, 2017, the commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans were geographically dispersed throughout the United States (with the largest concentrations in California (27%), Texas (13%) and New Jersey (6%)) and included loans secured by properties in Europe and Australia.

The following tables set forth the activity in the allowance for credit losses for commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
Commercial Mortgage Loans
 
Agricultural Property Loans
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, beginning of year
$
2,267

 
$
22

 
$
2,289

Addition to (release of) allowance for losses
(24
)
 
13

 
(11
)
Charge-offs, net of recoveries
0

 
0

 
0

Total ending balance
$
2,243

 
$
35

 
$
2,278



21

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
December 31, 2016
 
Commercial Mortgage Loans
 
Agricultural Property Loans
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, beginning of year
$
622

 
$
21

 
$
643

Addition to (release of) allowance for losses
1,645

 
1

 
1,646

Charge-offs, net of recoveries
0

 
0

 
0

Total ending balance
$
2,267

 
$
22

 
$
2,289


The following tables set forth the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
Commercial Mortgage Loans
 
Agricultural Property Loans
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

Collectively evaluated for impairment
2,243

 
35

 
2,278

Total ending balance(1)
$
2,243

 
$
35

 
$
2,278

Recorded investment(2):
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
1,680

 
$
0

 
$
1,680

Collectively evaluated for impairment
1,187,750

 
87,932

 
1,275,682

Total ending balance(1)
$
1,189,430

 
$
87,932

 
$
1,277,362


(1)
As of March 31, 2017, there were no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.
(2)
Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance.
 
December 31, 2016
 
Commercial Mortgage Loans
 
Agricultural Property Loans
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

Collectively evaluated for impairment
2,267

 
22

 
2,289

Total ending balance(1)
$
2,267

 
$
22

 
$
2,289

Recorded investment(2):
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
1,715

 
$
0

 
$
1,715

Collectively evaluated for impairment
1,148,232

 
84,235

 
1,232,467

Total ending balance(1)
$
1,149,947

 
$
84,235

 
$
1,234,182


(1)
As of December 31, 2016, there were no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.
(2)
Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance.

The following tables set forth certain key credit quality indicators for commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as of the dates indicated:

22

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio - March 31, 2017
 
≥ 1.2X
 
1.0X to <1.2X
 
< 1.0X
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0%-59.99%
$
679,334

 
$
15,735

 
$
550

 
$
695,619

60%-69.99%
449,992

 
3,760

 
0

 
453,752

70%-79.99%
101,832

 
15,372

 
0

 
117,204

80% or greater
9,726

 
1,061

 
0

 
10,787

Total loans
$
1,240,884

 
$
35,928

 
$
550

 
$
1,277,362

 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio - December 31, 2016
 
≥ 1.2X
 
1.0X to <1.2X
 
< 1.0X
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0%-59.99%
$
667,051

 
$
16,921

 
$
4,610

 
$
688,582

60%-69.99%
406,728

 
0

 
3,817

 
410,545

70%-79.99%
108,770

 
15,493

 
0

 
124,263

80% or greater
9,725

 
0

 
1,067

 
10,792

Total loans
$
1,192,274

 
$
32,414

 
$
9,494

 
$
1,234,182


The following tables set forth the aging of past due commercial mortgage and other loans based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as well as the amount of commercial mortgage and other loans on non-accrual status, as of the dates indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
Current
 
30-59 Days Past Due
 
60-89 Days Past Due
 
90 Days or More Past Due(1)
 
Total Loans
 
Non-Accrual Status(2)
 
(in thousands)
Commercial mortgage loans
$
1,189,430

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
1,189,430

 
$
0

Agricultural property loans
87,932

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
87,932

 
0

Total
$
1,277,362

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
1,277,362

 
$
0


(1)
As of March 31, 2017, there were no loans in this category accruing interest.
(2)
For additional information regarding our policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
 
December 31, 2016
 
Current
 
30-59 Days Past Due
 
60-89 Days Past Due
 
90 Days or More Past Due(1)
 
Total Loans
 
Non-Accrual Status(2)
 
(in thousands)
Commercial mortgage loans
$
1,149,947

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
1,149,947

 
$
0

Agricultural property loans
84,235

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
84,235

 
0

Total
$
1,234,182

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
1,234,182

 
$
0


(1)
As of December 31, 2016, there were no loans in this category accruing interest.
(2)
For additional information regarding our policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.


23

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, there were no commercial mortgage and other loans acquired, other than those through direct origination, nor were there any commercial mortgage and other loans sold.

The Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans may occasionally be involved in a troubled debt restructuring. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, there were no new troubled debt restructurings related to commercial mortgage and other loans and no payment defaults on commercial mortgage and other loans that were modified as a troubled debt restructuring within the twelve months preceding. As of both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had no significant commitments to provide additional funds to borrowers that had been involved in a troubled debt restructuring. For additional information relating to the accounting for troubled debt restructurings, see Note 2 to the Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Other Long-Term Investments

The following table sets forth the composition of “Other long-term investments,” as of the dates indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(in thousands)
Joint ventures and limited partnerships:
 
 
 
Private equity
$
30,731

 
$
30,513

Hedge funds
101,784

 
98,554

Real estate-related
45,519

 
109,043

Total joint ventures and limited partnerships
178,034

 
238,110

Derivatives
73,154

 
313,821

Total other long-term investments
$
251,188

 
$
551,931


Net Investment Income

The following table sets forth net investment income by investment type, for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
$
81,642

 
$
29,070

Trading account assets
1,105

 
2

Commercial mortgage and other loans
11,408

 
4,896

Policy loans
(44
)
 
110

Short-term investments
5,165

 
204

Other long-term investments
6,771

 
114

Gross investment income
106,047

 
34,396

Less: investment expenses
(3,798
)
 
(1,386
)
Net investment income
$
102,249

 
$
33,010



24

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net 

The following table sets forth realized investment gains (losses), net, by investment type, for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities
$
(3,013
)
 
$
(2,146
)
Commercial mortgage and other loans
11

 
(6
)
Joint ventures and limited partnerships
(23
)
 
(480
)
Derivatives(1)
12,481

 
(11,610
)
Short term investments and cash
29

 
0

Realized investment gains (losses), net
$
9,485

 
$
(14,242
)

(1)
Includes the hedged item offset in qualifying fair value hedge accounting relationships.

Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments

The following table sets forth net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, as of the dates indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale — with OTTI
$
(667
)
 
$
(1,261
)
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale — all other
(390,594
)
 
(454,274
)
Equity securities, available-for-sale
4

 
(347
)
Affiliated notes
1,114

 
1,181

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(1)
5,926

 
11,745

Other investments
(560
)
 
(619
)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments
$
(384,777
)
 
$
(443,575
)

(1)
See Note 5 for more information on cash flow hedges.

Securities Lending and Repurchase Agreements

In the normal course of business, the Company sells securities under agreements to repurchase and enters into securities lending transactions.

The following tables set forth the composition of "Cash collateral for loaned securities," as of the dates indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements
 
Overnight & Continuous
 
Up to 30 Days
 
30 to 90 Days
 
Greater than 90 Days
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Foreign government bonds
$
10,647

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
10,647

U.S. public corporate securities
22,590

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
22,590

Foreign public corporate securities
2,060

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
2,060

Total cash collateral for loaned securities
$
35,297

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
35,297


25

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
December 31, 2016
 
Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements
 
Overnight & Continuous
 
Up to 30 Days
 
30 to 90 Days
 
Greater than 90 Days
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Foreign government bonds
$
10,712

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
10,712

U.S. public corporate securities
12,638

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
12,638

Foreign public corporate securities
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Total cash collateral for loaned securities
$
23,350

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
23,350


As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had no "Securities sold under agreements to repurchase."
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.    FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Fair Value Measurement – Fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The authoritative fair value guidance establishes a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 - Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Company for identical assets or liabilities. The Company’s Level 1 assets and liabilities primarily include certain cash equivalents and short-term investments, equity securities and derivative contracts that trade on an active exchange market.

Level 2 - Fair value is based on significant inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability through corroboration with observable market data. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted market prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, and other market observable inputs. The Company’s Level 2 assets and liabilities include: fixed maturities (corporate public and private bonds, most government securities, certain asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities, etc.), certain equity securities (mutual funds, which do not trade in active markets because they are not publicly available), certain short-term investments, certain cash equivalents and certain over-the-counter ("OTC") derivatives.

Level 3 - Fair value is based on at least one significant unobservable input for the asset or liability. The assets and liabilities in this category may require significant judgment or estimation in determining the fair value. The Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities primarily include: certain fixed maturities, certain equity securities, certain short-term investments, certain cash equivalents and certain highly structured OTC derivative contracts and embedded derivatives resulting from reinsurance or certain products with guaranteed benefits.


26

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Assets and Liabilities by Hierarchy Level – The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the dates indicated.
 
As of March 31, 2017
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Netting(1)
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
$
0

 
$
4,632,420

 
$
980

 
$
0

 
$
4,633,400

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
0

 
89,835

 
0

 
0

 
89,835

Foreign government bonds
0

 
95,542

 
0

 
0

 
95,542

U.S. corporate public securities
0

 
1,869,772

 
1,281

 
0

 
1,871,053

U.S. corporate private securities
0

 
1,057,308

 
127,492

 
0

 
1,184,800

Foreign corporate public securities
0

 
196,154

 
0

 
0

 
196,154

Foreign corporate private securities
0

 
613,744

 
12,064

 
0

 
625,808

Asset-backed securities(4)
0

 
166,726

 
148,869

 
0

 
315,595

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
0

 
484,133

 
0

 
0

 
484,133

Residential mortgage-backed securities
0

 
190,778

 
0

 
0

 
190,778

Subtotal
0

 
9,396,412

 
290,686

 
0

 
9,687,098

Trading account assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
0

 
117,089

 
0

 
0

 
117,089

Corporate securities
0

 
22,430

 
0

 
0

 
22,430

Foreign government securities
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Asset-backed securities(4)
0

 
1,699

 
0

 
0

 
1,699

Equity securities
5,361

 
0

 
5,441

 
0

 
10,802

Subtotal
5,361

 
141,218

 
5,441

 
0

 
152,020

Equity securities, available-for-sale
0

 
18

 
0

 
0

 
18

Short-term investments
110,000

 
481,618

 
450

 
0

 
592,068

Cash equivalents
762,060

 
1,240,803

 
375

 
0

 
2,003,238

Other long-term investments
6,825

 
4,562,229

 
0

 
(4,495,920
)
 
73,134

Reinsurance recoverables
0

 
0

 
218,531

 
0

 
218,531

Receivables from parent and affiliates
0

 
40,989

 
0

 
0

 
40,989

Subtotal excluding separate account assets
884,246

 
15,863,287

 
515,483

 
(4,495,920
)
 
12,767,096

Separate account assets(2)
0

 
37,810,236

 
0

 
0

 
37,810,236

Total assets
$
884,246

 
$
53,673,523

 
$
515,483

 
$
(4,495,920
)
 
$
50,577,332

Future policy benefits(3)
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
7,169,218

 
$
0

 
$
7,169,218

Payables to parent and affiliates
0

 
1,686,981

 
0

 
(1,686,981
)
 
0

Other liabilities
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Total liabilities
$
0

 
$
1,686,981

 
$
7,169,218

 
$
(1,686,981
)
 
$
7,169,218


27

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
As of December 31, 2016
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Netting(1)
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
$
0

 
$
4,465,025

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
4,465,025

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
0

 
89,974

 
0

 
0

 
89,974

Foreign government bonds
0

 
69,299

 
87

 
0

 
69,386

U.S. corporate public securities
0

 
1,909,440

 
15,598

 
0

 
1,925,038

U.S. corporate private securities
0

 
997,004

 
124,864

 
0

 
1,121,868

Foreign corporate public securities
0

 
217,363

 
0

 
0

 
217,363

Foreign corporate private securities
0

 
526,504

 
11,527

 
0

 
538,031

Asset-backed securities(4)
0

 
219,574

 
31,735

 
0

 
251,309

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
0

 
484,713

 
0

 
0

 
484,713

Residential mortgage-backed securities
0

 
200,056

 
0

 
0

 
200,056

Subtotal
0

 
9,178,952

 
183,811

 
0

 
9,362,763

Trading account assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
0

 
116,184

 
0

 
0

 
116,184

Corporate securities
0

 
21,632

 
0

 
0

 
21,632

Asset-backed securities(4)
0

 
1,697

 
0

 
0

 
1,697

Equity securities
5,494

 
0

 
4,864

 
0

 
10,358

Subtotal
5,494

 
139,513

 
4,864

 
0

 
149,871

Equity securities, available-for-sale
0

 
18

 
0

 
0

 
18

Short-term investments
519,000

 
392,700

 
450

 
0

 
912,150

Cash equivalents
738,449

 
847,329

 
375

 
0

 
1,586,153

Other long-term investments
23,967

 
4,872,392

 
0

 
(4,582,540
)
 
313,819

Reinsurance recoverables
0

 
0

 
240,091

 
0

 
240,091

Receivables from parent and affiliates
0

 
6,962

 
33,962

 
0

 
40,924

Subtotal excluding separate account assets
1,286,910

 
15,437,866

 
463,553

 
(4,582,540
)
 
12,605,789

Separate account assets(2)
0

 
37,429,739

 
0

 
0

 
37,429,739

Total assets
$
1,286,910

 
$
52,867,605

 
$
463,553

 
$
(4,582,540
)
 
$
50,035,528

Future policy benefits(3)
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
7,707,333

 
$
0

 
$
7,707,333

Payable to parent and affiliates
0

 
1,654,360

 
0

 
(1,654,360
)
 
0

Other liabilities
5,051

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
5,051

Total liabilities
$
5,051

 
$
1,654,360

 
$
7,707,333

 
$
(1,654,360
)
 
$
7,712,384

 

(1)
“Netting” amounts represent cash collateral of $2,809 million and $2,928 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, and the impact of offsetting asset and liability positions held with the same counterparty, subject to master netting arrangements.
(2)
Separate account assets represent segregated funds that are invested for certain customers. Investment risks associated with market value changes are borne by the customers, except to the extent of minimum guarantees made by the Company with respect to certain accounts. Separate account liabilities are not included in the above table as they are reported at contract value and not fair value in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position.
(3)
As of March 31, 2017, the net embedded derivative liability position of $7,169 million includes $1,115 million of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $8,284 million of embedded derivatives in a liability position. As of December 31, 2016, the net embedded derivative liability position of $7,707 million includes $1,060 million of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $8,767 million of embedded derivatives in a liability position.
(4)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.



28

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


The methods and assumptions the Company uses to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below.

Fixed Maturity Securities – The fair values of the Company’s public fixed maturity securities are generally based on prices obtained from independent pricing services. Prices for each security are generally sourced from multiple pricing vendors, and a vendor hierarchy is maintained by asset type based on historical pricing experience and vendor expertise. The Company ultimately uses the price from the pricing service highest in the vendor hierarchy based on the respective asset type. The pricing hierarchy is updated for new financial products and recent pricing experience with various vendors. Consistent with the fair value hierarchy described above, securities with validated quotes from pricing services are generally reflected within Level 2, as they are primarily based on observable pricing for similar assets and/or other market observable inputs. Typical inputs used by these pricing services include but are not limited to reported trades, benchmark yields, issuer spreads, bids, offers, and/or estimated cash flow, prepayment speeds and default rates. If the pricing information received from third party pricing services is deemed not reflective of market activity or other inputs observable in the market, the Company may challenge the price through a formal process with the pricing service or classify the securities as Level 3. If the pricing service updates the price to be more consistent with the presented market observations, the security remains within Level 2.

Internally-developed valuations or indicative broker quotes are also used to determine fair value in circumstances where vendor pricing is not available, or where the Company ultimately concludes that pricing information received from the independent pricing services is not reflective of market activity. If the Company concludes the values from both pricing services and brokers are not reflective of market activity, it may override the information with an internally developed valuation. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 overrides on a net basis were not material. Pricing service overrides, internally-developed valuations and indicative broker quotes are generally included in Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

The Company conducts several specific price monitoring activities. Daily analyses identify price changes over predetermined thresholds defined at the financial instrument level. Various pricing integrity reports are reviewed on a daily and monthly basis to determine if pricing is reflective of market activity or if it would warrant any adjustments. Other procedures performed include, but are not limited to, reviews of third-party pricing services methodologies, reviews of pricing trends, and back-testing.

The fair value of private fixed maturities, which are comprised of investments in private placement securities, originated by internal private asset managers, are primarily determined using discounted cash flow models. These models primarily use observable inputs that include Treasury or similar base rates plus estimated credit spreads to value each security. The credit spreads are obtained through a survey of private market intermediaries who are active in both primary and secondary transactions, and consider, among other factors, the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer and the reduced liquidity associated with private placements. Since most private placements are valued using standard market observable inputs and inputs derived from, or corroborated by, market observable data including observed prices and spreads for similar publicly traded or privately traded issues, they have been reflected within Level 2. For certain private fixed maturities, the discounted cash flow model may incorporate significant unobservable inputs, which reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset. To the extent management determines that such unobservable inputs are significant to the price of a security, a Level 3 classification is made.

Trading Account Assets – Trading account assets consist primarily of fixed maturity securities and equity securities whose fair values are determined consistent with similar instruments described above under "Fixed Maturity Securities" and “Equity Securities”.

Equity Securities – Equity securities consist principally of investments in common and preferred stock of publicly-traded companies, privately-traded securities, as well as mutual fund shares. The fair values of most publicly traded equity securities are based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets and are classified within Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. Estimated fair values for most privately traded equity securities are determined using discounted cash flow, earnings multiple and other valuation models that require a substantial level of judgment around inputs and therefore are classified within Level 3. The fair values of mutual fund shares that transact regularly (but do not trade in active markets because they are not publicly available) are based on transaction prices of identical fund shares and are classified within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.


29

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Derivative Instruments – Derivatives are recorded at fair value either as assets, within “Other long-term investments” or as liabilities, within “Payables to parent and affiliates” except for embedded derivatives which are recorded with the associated host contract. The fair values of derivative contracts can be affected by changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, credit spreads, market volatility, expected returns, non-performance risk (“NPR”), liquidity and other factors. For derivative positions included within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, liquidity valuation adjustments are made to reflect the cost of exiting significant risk positions, and consider the bid-ask spread, maturity, complexity and other specific attributes of the underlying derivative position.

The Company’s exchange-traded futures include treasury and equity futures. These futures are valued using quoted prices in active markets and are classified within Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.

The majority of the Company’s derivative positions are traded in the OTC derivative market and are classified within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. OTC derivatives classified within Level 2 are valued using models that utilize actively quoted or observable market input values from external market data providers, third-party pricing vendors and/or recent trading activity. The Company’s policy is to use mid-market pricing in determining its best estimate of fair value. The fair values of most OTC derivatives, including interest rate and cross currency swaps, currency forward contracts and single name credit default swaps are determined using discounted cash flow models. The fair values of European style option contracts are determined using Black-Scholes option pricing models. These models’ key inputs include the contractual terms of the respective contract, along with significant observable inputs, including interest rates, currency rates, credit spreads, equity prices, index dividend yields, NPR, volatility and other factors.

The Company’s cleared interest rate swaps and credit derivatives linked to an index are valued using models that utilize actively quoted or observable market inputs, including Overnight Indexed Swap discount rates, obtained from external market data providers, third-party pricing vendors, and/or recent trading activity. These derivatives are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Derivatives classified as Level 3 include structured products. These derivatives are valued based upon models, such as Monte Carlo simulation models and other techniques that utilize significant unobservable inputs. Level 3 methodologies are validated through periodic comparison of the Company’s fair values to external broker-dealer values. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no internally valued derivatives with the fair value classified within Level 3, and all derivatives were classified within Level 2. See Note 5 for more details on the fair value of derivative instruments by primary underlying.

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments – Cash equivalents and short-term investments include money market instruments and other highly liquid debt instruments. Certain money market instruments are valued using unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible for identical assets and are primarily classified as Level 1. The remaining instruments in this category are classified within Level 2 and Level 3. Level 2 instruments are generally fair valued based on market observable inputs. Level 3 instruments are internally valued based on internal asset manager valuations.

Separate Account Assets – Separate account assets include fixed maturity securities, treasuries, equity securities, and mutual funds for which values are determined consistent with similar instruments described above under “Fixed Maturity Securities” and “Equity Securities”.

Receivables from Parent and Affiliates – Receivables from parent and affiliates carried at fair value include affiliated bonds within the Company’s legal entity where fair value is determined consistent with similar securities described above under “Fixed Maturity Securities” managed by affiliated asset managers.

Reinsurance Recoverables – Reinsurance recoverables carried at fair value include the reinsurance of the Company’s living benefit guarantees on certain variable annuity contracts. These guarantees are accounted for as embedded derivatives and are recorded in "Reinsurance Recoverables" or "Reinsurance Payables" when fair value is in an asset or liability position, respectively. The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value are consistent with those described below in “Future Policy Benefits”. The reinsurance agreements covering these guarantees are derivatives with fair value determined in the same manner as the living benefit guarantees.


30

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Future Policy Benefits – The liability for future policy benefits is related to guarantees primarily associated with the living benefit features of certain variable annuity contracts, including guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits, guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits, and guaranteed minimum income and withdrawal benefits, accounted for as embedded derivatives. The fair values of these liabilities are calculated as the present value of future expected benefit payments to contractholders less the present value of future expected rider fees attributable to the living benefit feature. This methodology could result in either a liability or contra-liability balance, given changing capital market conditions and various actuarial assumptions. Since there is no observable active market for the transfer of these obligations, the valuations are calculated using internally developed models with option pricing techniques. The models are based on a risk neutral valuation framework and incorporate premiums for risks inherent in valuation techniques, inputs, and the general uncertainty around the timing and amount of future cash flows. The determination of these risk premiums requires the use of management's judgment. The significant inputs to the valuation models for these embedded derivatives include capital market assumptions, such as interest rate levels and volatility assumptions, the Company’s market-perceived NPR, as well as actuarially determined assumptions, including contractholder behavior, such as lapse rates, benefit utilization rates, withdrawal rates and mortality rates. Since many of these assumptions are unobservable and are considered to be significant inputs to the liability valuation, the liability included in future policy benefits has been reflected within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Capital market inputs and actual contractholders’ account values are updated each quarter based on capital market conditions as of the end of the quarter, including interest rates, equity markets and volatility. In the risk neutral valuation, the initial swap curve drives the total return used to grow the contractholders’ account values. The Company’s discount rate assumption is based on the LIBOR swap curve, adjusted for an additional spread relative to LIBOR to reflect NPR.

Actuarial assumptions, including contractholder behavior and mortality, are reviewed at least annually, and updated based upon emerging experience, future expectations, and other data, including any observable market data. These assumptions are generally updated annually unless a material change that the Company feels is indicative of a long-term trend is observed in an interim period.

Transfers between Levels 1 and 2 – Transfers between levels are made to reflect changes in observability of inputs and market activity. Transfers into or out of any level are generally reported as the value as of the beginning of the quarter in which the transfers occur for any such assets still held at the end of the quarter. Periodically there are transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for assets held in the Company’s Separate Account. During both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2.

Level 3 Assets and Liabilities by Price Source – The tables below present the balances of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value with their corresponding pricing sources.
 
As of March 31, 2017
 
Internal (1)
 
External (2)
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
$
0

 
$
980

 
$
980

Corporate securities(3)
139,556

 
1,281

 
140,837

Asset-backed securities(4)
0

 
148,869

 
148,869

Equity securities
1,865

 
3,576

 
5,441

Short-term investments
450

 
0

 
450

Cash equivalents
375

 
0

 
375

Reinsurance recoverables
218,531

 
0

 
218,531

Receivables from parent and affiliates
0

 
0

 
0

Total assets
$
360,777

 
$
154,706

 
$
515,483

Future policy benefits
$
7,169,218

 
$
0

 
$
7,169,218

Total liabilities
$
7,169,218

 
$
0

 
$
7,169,218


31

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
As of December 31, 2016
 
Internal (1)
 
External (2)
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Foreign government bonds
$
0

 
$
87

 
$
87

Corporate securities(3)
136,391

 
15,598

 
151,989

Asset-backed securities(4)
0

 
31,735

 
31,735

Equity securities
1,405

 
3,459

 
4,864

Short-term investments
450

 
0

 
450

Cash equivalents
375

 
0

 
375

Reinsurance recoverables
240,091

 
0

 
240,091

Receivables from parent and affiliates
0

 
33,962

 
33,962

Total assets
$
378,712

 
$
84,841

 
$
463,553

Future policy benefits
$
7,707,333

 
$
0

 
$
7,707,333

Total liabilities
$
7,707,333

 
$
0

 
$
7,707,333



(1)
Represents valuations reflecting both internally-derived and market inputs as well as third-party pricing information or quotes. See below for additional information related to internally-developed valuation for significant items in the above table.
(2)
Represents unadjusted prices from independent pricing services and independent indicative broker quotes where pricing inputs are not readily available.
(3)
Includes assets classified as fixed maturities available-for-sale.
(4)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.

Quantitative Information Regarding Internally Priced Level 3 Assets and Liabilities – The tables below present quantitative information on significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities.
 
As of March 31, 2017
 
Fair
Value    
Primary
Valuation
Techniques    
Unobservable    
Inputs
Minimum    
Maximum    
Weighted    
Average
Impact of
Increase in
Input on Fair    
Value(1)
 
(in thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate securities
$
139,556

Discounted cash flow
Discount rate
1.25
%
16.83
%
4.51
%
Decrease
Reinsurance recoverables
$
218,531

Fair values are determined in the same manner as future policy benefits
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Future policy benefits(2)
$
7,169,218

Discounted cash flow
Lapse rate(3)
0
%
13
%
 
Decrease
 
 
 
NPR spread(4)
0.19
%
1.42
%
 
Decrease
 
 
 
Utilization rate(5)
52
%
96
%
 
Increase
 
 
 
Withdrawal rate
See table footnote (6) below.
 
 
 
Mortality rate(7)
0
%
14
%
 
Decrease
 
 
 
Equity volatility curve
14
%
25
%
 
Increase
 

32

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
As of December 31, 2016
 
Fair
Value    
Primary
Valuation
Techniques    
Unobservable    
Inputs
Minimum    
Maximum    
Weighted    
Average
Impact of
Increase in
Input on Fair    
Value(1)
 
(in thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate securities
$
136,391

Discounted cash flow
Discount rate
3.24
%
17.12
%
4.71
%
Decrease
 
 
Liquidation
Liquidation value
98.21
%
98.68
%
98.64
%
Increase
Reinsurance recoverables
$
240,091

Fair values are determined in the same manner as future policy benefits
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Future policy benefits(2)
$
7,707,333

Discounted cash flow
Lapse rate(3)
0
%
13
%
 
Decrease
 
 
 
NPR spread(4)
0.25
%
1.50
%
 
Decrease
 
 
 
Utilization rate(5)
52
%
96
%
 
Increase
 
 
 
Withdrawal rate
See footnote (6) below.
 
 
 
Mortality rate(7)
0
%
14
%
 
Decrease
 
 
 
Equity volatility curve
16
%
25
%
 
Increase

(1)
Conversely, the impact of a decrease in input would have the opposite impact for the fair value as that presented in the table.
(2)
Future policy benefits primarily represent general account liabilities for the living benefit features of the Company’s variable annuity contracts which are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Since the valuation methodology for these liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.
(3)
Lapse rates are adjusted at the contract level based on the in-the-moneyness of the living benefit and reflect other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. Lapse rates are reduced when contracts are more in-the-money. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower for the period where surrender charges apply.
(4)
To reflect NPR, the Company incorporates an additional spread over LIBOR into the discount rate used in the valuation of individual living benefit contracts in a liability position and generally not to those in a contra-liability position. The NPR spread reflects the financial strength ratings of the Company and its affiliates, as these are insurance liabilities and senior to debt. The additional spread over LIBOR is determined by utilizing the credit spreads associated with issuing funding agreements, adjusted for any illiquidity risk premium.
(5)
The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contracts that will utilize the benefit during the contract duration, and begin lifetime withdrawals at various time intervals from contract inception. The remaining contractholders are assumed to either begin lifetime withdrawals immediately or never utilize the benefit. Utilization assumptions may vary by product type, tax status and age. The impact of changes in these assumptions is highly dependent on the product type, the age of the contractholder at the time of the sale, and the timing of the first lifetime income withdrawal. Range reflects the utilization rate for the vast majority of business with living benefits.
(6)
The withdrawal rate assumption estimates the magnitude of annual contractholder withdrawals relative to the maximum allowable amount under the contract. These assumptions vary based on the age of the contractholder, the tax status of the contract and the duration since the contractholder began lifetime withdrawals. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the minimum withdrawal assumption rate is 78% and the maximum withdrawal assumption rate may be greater than 100%. The fair value of the liability will generally increase the closer the withdrawal rate is to 100% and decrease as the withdrawal rate moves further away from 100%.
(7)
Range reflects the mortality rate for the vast majority of business with living benefits, with policyholders ranging from 35 to 90 years old. While the majority of living benefits have a minimum age requirement, certain benefits do not have an age restriction. This results in contractholders for certain benefits with mortality rates approaching 0%. Based on historical experience, the Company applies a set of age and duration specific mortality rate adjustments compared to standard industry tables. A mortality improvement assumption is also incorporated into the overall mortality table.

Interrelationships Between Unobservable Inputs In addition to the sensitivities of fair value measurements to changes in each unobservable input in isolation, as reflected in the table above, interrelationships between these inputs may also exist, such that a change in one unobservable input may give rise to a change in another, or multiple, inputs. Examples of such interrelationships for significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities are as follows:

Corporate Securities – The rate used to discount future cash flows reflects current risk-free rates plus credit and liquidity spread requirements that market participants would use to value an asset. The discount rate may be influenced by many factors, including market cycles, expectations of default, collateral, term and asset complexity. Each of these factors can influence discount rates, either in isolation, or in response to other factors.


33

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Future Policy Benefits – The Company expects efficient benefit utilization and withdrawal rates to generally be correlated with lapse rates. However, behavior is generally highly dependent on the facts and circumstances surrounding the individual contractholder, such as their liquidity needs or tax situation, which could drive lapse behavior independent of other contractholder behavior assumptions. To the extent more efficient contractholder behavior results in greater in-the-moneyness at the contract level, lapse rates may decline for those contracts. Similarly, to the extent that increases in equity volatility are correlated with overall declines in the capital markets, lapse rates may decline as contracts become more in-the-money.

Valuation Process for Fair Value Measurements Categorized within Level 3 – The Company has established an internal control infrastructure over the valuation of financial instruments that requires ongoing oversight by its various business groups. These management control functions are segregated from the trading and investing functions. For invested assets, the Company has established oversight teams, often in the form of pricing committees within each asset management group. The teams, which typically include representation from investment, accounting, operations, legal and other disciplines are responsible for overseeing and monitoring the pricing of the Company’s investments and performing periodic due diligence reviews of independent pricing services. An actuarial valuation team oversees the valuation of living benefit features of the Company’s variable annuity contracts. 

The Company has also established policies and guidelines that require the establishment of valuation methodologies and consistent application of such methodologies. These policies and guidelines govern the use of inputs and price source hierarchies and provide controls around the valuation processes. These controls include appropriate review and analysis of investment prices against market activity or indicators of reasonableness, analysis of portfolio returns to corresponding benchmark returns, back-testing, review of bid/ask spreads to assess activity, approval of price source changes, price overrides, methodology changes and classification of fair value hierarchy levels. For living benefit features of the Company’s variable annuity products, the actuarial valuation unit periodically tests contract input data and actuarial assumptions are reviewed at least annually, and updated based upon emerging experience, future expectations and other data, including any observable market data. The valuation policies and guidelines are reviewed and updated as appropriate.

Within the trading and investing functions, the Company has established policies and procedures that relate to the approval of all new transaction types, transaction pricing sources and fair value hierarchy coding within the financial reporting system. For variable annuity product changes or new launches of living benefit features, the actuarial valuation unit validates input logic and new product features and agrees new input data directly to source documents.


34

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities – The following tables provide summaries of the changes in fair values of Level 3 assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods.

 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed Maturities, Available-For-Sale
 
 
 
U.S Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Authorities and Agencies
 
Foreign Government Bonds
 
U.S. Corporate Public Securities
 
U.S. Corporate Private Securities
 
Foreign Corporate Private Securities
 
Asset-Backed Securities (3)
 
Trading Account Assets -Equity Securities
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
Fair value, beginning of period assets/(liabilities)
$
0

 
$
87

 
$
15,598

 
$
124,864

 
$
11,527

 
$
31,735

 
$
4,864

Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net
0

 
0

 
0

 
104

 
(83
)
 
(1
)
 
0

Asset management fees and other income
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
226

Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
0

 
0

 
(1
)
 
(1,096
)
 
580

 
160

 
0

Net investment income
0

 
0

 
8

 
3,353

 
14

 
24

 
0

Purchases
6

 
0

 
0

 
464

 
26

 
51,448

 
0

Sales
0

 
0

 
(14,026
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Issuances
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Settlements
0

 
0

 
(362
)
 
(197
)
 
0

 
(42
)
 
0

Transfers into Level 3(1)
0

 
0

 
1,415

 
0

 
0

 
65,545

 
0

Transfers out of Level 3(1)
0

 
(87
)
 
(377
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Other(5)
974

 
0

 
(974
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

 
351

Fair value, end of period assets/(liabilities)
$
980

 
$
0

 
$
1,281

 
$
127,492

 
$
12,064

 
$
148,869

 
$
5,441

Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/liabilities still held(2):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Included in earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
(83
)
 
$
(1
)
 
$
0

Asset management fees and other income
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
226



35

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Equity Securities, Available-For-Sale
 
Short-Term Investments
 
Cash
Equivalents
 
Other
Long-term
Investments
 
Reinsurance
Recoverables
 
Receivables from
Parent and Affiliates
 
Future Policy
Benefits
 
(in thousands)
Fair value, beginning of period assets/(liabilities)
$
0

 
$
450

 
$
375

 
$
0

 
$
240,091

 
$
33,962

 
$
(7,707,333
)
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net(4)
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
(20,116
)
 
0

 
784,464

Asset management fees and other income
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
351

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Net investment income
0

 
0

 


 
0

 
0

 


 
0

Purchases
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
4,873

 
0

 
0

Sales
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Issuances
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
(246,349
)
Settlements
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Transfers into Level 3(1)
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Transfers out of Level 3(1)
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
(33,962
)
 
0

Other
(351
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

 
(6,317
)
 
0

 
0

Fair Value, end of period assets/(liabilities)
$
0

 
$
450

 
$
375

 
$
0

 
$
218,531

 
$
0

 
$
(7,169,218
)
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/liabilities still held(2):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Included in earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
(18,219
)
 
$
0

 
$
725,860

Asset management fees and other income
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0





36

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed Maturities, Available-For-Sale(4)
 
 
 
U.S Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Authorities and Agencies
 
Foreign Government Bonds
 
U.S. Corporate Public Securities
 
U.S. Corporate Private Securities
 
Foreign Corporate Private Securities
 
Asset-Backed Securities(3)
 
Trading Account Assets - Equity Securities
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
Fair Value, beginning of period assets/(liabilities)
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
15,000

 
$
107,777

 
$
4,531

 
$
46,493

 
$
0

Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net
0

 
0

 
0

 
(962
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Asset management fees and other income
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
471

Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
0

 
0

 
0

 
(1,437
)
 
(2,538
)
 
(225
)
 
0

Net investment income
0

 
0

 
0

 
1,381

 
50

 
54

 
0

Purchases
0

 
0

 
0

 
119

 
0

 
0

 
0

Sales
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Issuances
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Settlements
0

 
0

 
0

 
(210
)
 
(1,740
)
 
(440
)
 
0

Transfers into Level 3(1)
0

 
0

 
0

 
10,176

 
8,686

 
17,824

 
0

Transfers out of Level 3(1)
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
(987
)
 
0

Other(5)
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
$
1,565

Fair Value, end of period assets/(liabilities)
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
15,000

 
$
116,844

 
$
8,989

 
$
62,719

 
$
2,036

Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/(liabilities) still held(2):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
(962
)
 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

Asset management fees and other income
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
470



37

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Equity Securities, Available-For-Sale
 
Short-Term Investments
 
Cash Equivalents
 
Other Long-
Term
Investments
 
Reinsurance
Recoverables
 
Receivables from Parent and Affiliates
 
Future Policy
Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
Fair Value, beginning of period assets/(liabilities)
$
0

 
$
450

 
$
225

 
$
1,565

 
$
3,012,653

 
$
7,664

 
$
(3,134,077
)
Total gains (losses) (realized/unrealized):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net(4)
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
624,974

 
(13
)
 
(650,030
)
Asset management fees and other income
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Included in other comprehensive income (loss)
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
141

 
0

Net investment income
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Purchases
0

 
0

 
150

 
0

 
55,635

 
0

 
0

Sales
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
(1,988
)
 
0

Issuances
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
(58,500
)
Settlements
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Transfers into Level 3(1)
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Transfers out of Level 3(1)
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
(2,957
)
 
0

Other(5)
0

 
0

 
0

 
(1,565
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Fair Value, end of period assets/(liabilities)
$
0

 
$
450

 
$
375

 
$
0

 
$
3,693,262

 
$
2,847

 
$
(3,842,607
)
Unrealized gains (losses) for assets/(liabilities) still held(2):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized investment gains (losses), net
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
643,330

 
$
0

 
$
(669,159
)
Asset management fees and other income
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0


(1)
Transfers into or out of any level are generally reported as the value as of the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurs for any such assets still held at the end of the quarter.
(2)
Unrealized gains or losses related to assets still held at the end of the period do not include amortization or accretion of premiums and discounts.
(3)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types.
(4)
Realized investment gains (losses) on Future Policy Benefits and Reinsurance Recoverables primarily represents the change in the fair value of the Company's living benefit guarantees on certain of its variable annuity contracts. Refer to Note 1 for impacts to Realized investment gains (losses) related to the Variable Annuities Recapture.
(5)
Other primarily represents reclassifications of certain assets and liabilities between reporting categories.

Transfers – Transfers into Level 3 are generally the result of unobservable inputs utilized within valuation methodologies and the use of indicative broker quotes for assets that were previously valued using observable inputs. Transfers out of Level 3 are generally due to the use of observable inputs in valuation methodologies as well as the availability of pricing service information for certain assets that the Company is able to validate. 


38

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The table below presents the carrying amount and fair value by fair value hierarchy level of certain financial instruments that are not reported at fair value. The financial instruments presented below are reported at carrying value on the Company’s Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position; however, in some cases, as described below, the carrying amount equals or approximates fair value.
 
March 31, 2017(1)
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Amount(2)
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage and other loans
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
1,284,824

 
$
1,284,824

 
$
1,275,084

Policy loans
0

 
0

 
12,319

 
12,319

 
12,319

Short-term investments
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Cash and cash equivalents
65,982

 
0

 
0

 
65,982

 
65,982

Accrued investment income
0

 
68,810

 
0

 
68,810

 
68,810

Reinsurance recoverables
0

 
0

 
62,867

 
62,867

 
62,867

Receivables from parent and affiliates
0

 
59,581

 
0

 
59,581

 
59,581

Other assets
0

 
47,629

 
0

 
47,629

 
47,629

Total assets
$
65,982

 
$
176,020

 
$
1,360,010

 
$
1,602,012

 
$
1,592,272

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Policyholders’ account balances - investment contracts
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
257,400

 
$
257,400

 
$
259,053

Cash collateral for loaned securities
0

 
35,297

 
0

 
35,297

 
35,297

Short-term debt
0

 
39,616

 
0

 
39,616

 
37,710

Long-term debt
0

 
997,433

 
0

 
997,433

 
971,899

Reinsurance payables
0

 
0

 
62,867

 
62,867

 
62,867

Payables to parent and affiliates
0

 
95,097

 
0

 
95,097

 
95,097

Other liabilities
0

 
172,294

 
0

 
172,294

 
172,294

Separate account liabilities - investment contracts
0

 
162

 
0

 
162

 
162

Total liabilities
$
0

 
$
1,339,899

 
$
320,267

 
$
1,660,166

 
$
1,634,379


39

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


 
December 31, 2016(1)
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Amount(2)
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage and other loans
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
1,235,842

 
$
1,235,842

 
$
1,231,893

Policy loans
0

 
0

 
12,719

 
12,719

 
12,719

Short-term investments
0

 
35,000

 
0

 
35,000

 
35,000

Cash and cash equivalents
6,886

 
255,000

 
0

 
261,886

 
261,886

Accrued investment income
0

 
86,004

 
0

 
86,004

 
86,004

Reinsurance recoverable
0

 
0

 
63,775

 
63,775

 
63,775

Receivables from parent and affiliates
0

 
70,779

 
0

 
70,779

 
70,779

Other assets
0

 
53,858

 
0

 
53,858

 
53,858

Total assets
$
6,886

 
$
500,641

 
$
1,312,336

 
$
1,819,863

 
$
1,815,914

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Policyholders’ account balances - investment contracts
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
247,986

 
$
247,986

 
$
250,493

Cash collateral for loaned securities
0

 
23,350

 
0

 
23,350

 
23,350

Short-term debt
0

 
28,146

 
0

 
28,146

 
28,101

Long-term debt
0

 
994,198

 
0

 
994,198

 
971,899

Reinsurance payables
0

 
0

 
63,775

 
63,775

 
63,775

Payables to parent and affiliates
0

 
91,432

 
0

 
91,432

 
91,432

Other liabilities
0

 
189,366

 
0

 
189,366

 
189,366

Separate account liabilities - investment contracts
0

 
187

 
0

 
187

 
187

Total liabilities
$
0

 
$
1,326,679

 
$
311,761

 
$
1,638,440

 
$
1,618,603


(1)
Other long-term investments excluded from the fair value hierarchy include certain hedge funds, private equity funds and other funds for which fair value is measured at net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the fair values of these cost method investments were $3.5 million and $3.4 million, respectively. The carrying value of these investments was $3.1 million and $3.1 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
(2)
Carrying values presented herein differ from those in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position because certain items within the respective financial statement captions are not considered financial instruments or out of scope under authoritative guidance relating to disclosures of the fair value of financial instruments. Financial statement captions excluded from the above table are not considered financial instruments.

The fair values presented above have been determined by using available market information and by applying market valuation methodologies, as described in more detail below.

Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans

The fair value of most commercial mortgage loans is based upon the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the appropriate U.S. Treasury rate or foreign government bond rate (for non-U.S. dollar-denominated loans) plus an appropriate credit spread for loans of similar quality, average life and currency. The quality ratings for these loans, a primary determinant of the credit spreads and a significant component of the pricing process, are based on an internally-developed methodology. Certain commercial mortgage loans are valued incorporating other factors, including the terms of the loans, the principal exit strategies and their timing for the loans, prevailing interest rates and credit risk.

Policy Loans

Policy loans carrying value approximates fair value.


40

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Short-Term Investments, Cash and Cash Equivalents, Accrued Investment Income, Receivables from Parent and Affiliates, and Other Assets

The Company believes that due to the short-term nature of certain assets, the carrying values approximate fair values. These assets include: certain short-term investments which are not securities, are recorded at amortized cost and include quality loans, cash and cash equivalents, accrued investment income, and other assets that meet the definition of financial instruments, including receivables such as unsettled trades and accounts receivable.

Reinsurance Recoverables and Reinsurance Payables

Reinsurance recoverables and reinsurance payables include corresponding receivables and payables associated with reinsurance arrangements between the Company and related parties. See Note 7 for additional information about the Company's reinsurance arrangements.

Policyholders’ Account Balances - Investment Contracts

Only the portion of policyholders’ account balances related to products that are investment contracts (those without significant mortality or morbidity risk) are reflected in the table above. For fixed deferred annuities, payout annuities and other similar contracts without life contingencies, fair values are generally derived using discounted projected cash flows based on interest rates that are representative of the Company’s financial strength ratings, and hence reflect the Company’s own NPR. For those balances that can be withdrawn by the customer at any time without prior notice or penalty, the fair value is the amount estimated to be payable to the customer as of the reporting date, which is generally the carrying value.

Cash Collateral for Loaned Securities

Cash collateral for loaned securities represents the collateral received or paid in connection with loaning or borrowing securities. For these transactions, the carrying value of the related asset or liability approximates fair value as they equal the amount of cash collateral received or paid.

Short-Term and Long-Term Debt

The fair value of short-term and long-term debt is generally determined by either prices obtained from independent pricing services, which are validated by the Company, or discounted cash flow models. Discounted cash flow models predominately use market observable inputs such as the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for debt and financial instruments with similar terms and remaining maturities. For debt with a maturity of less than 90 days, the carrying value approximates fair value.

Other Liabilities and Payables to Parent and Affiliates

Other liabilities and payables to parent and affiliates are primarily payables, such as unsettled trades, drafts, escrow deposits and accrued expense payables. Due to the short-term until settlement of most of these liabilities, the Company believes that carrying value approximates fair value.

Separate Account Liabilities - Investment Contracts

Only the portion of separate account liabilities related to products that are investment contracts are reflected in the table above. Separate account liabilities are recorded at the amount credited to the contractholder, which reflects the change in fair value of the corresponding separate account assets including contractholder deposits less withdrawals and fees; therefore, carrying value approximates fair value.


41

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


5.    DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Types of Derivative Instruments and Derivative Strategies

Interest Rate Contracts

Interest rate swaps, options and futures are used by the Company to reduce risks from changes in interest rates, manage interest rate exposures arising from mismatches between assets and liabilities (including duration mismatches) and to hedge against changes in the value of assets it owns or anticipates acquiring or selling.

Swaps may be attributed to specific assets or liabilities or may be used on a portfolio basis. Under interest rate swaps, the Company agrees with counterparties to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed-rate and floating-rate interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed upon notional principal amount.

The Company also uses swaptions, interest rate caps and interest rate floors to manage interest rate risk. A swaption is an option to enter into a swap at a future date. The Company pays a premium for purchased swaptions and receives a premium for written swaptions. In an interest rate cap, the buyer receives payments at the end of each period in which the interest rate exceeds the agreed strike price. Similarly, in an interest rate floor, the buyer receives payments at the end of each period in which the interest rate is below the agreed strike price. Swaptions and interest rate caps and floors are included in interest rate options.

In exchange-traded interest rate futures transactions, the Company purchases or sells a specified number of contracts, the values of which are determined by the values of underlying referenced investments, and posts variation margin on a daily basis in an amount equal to the difference in the daily market values of those contracts. The Company enters into exchange-traded futures with regulated futures commission’s merchants who are members of a trading exchange.

Equity Contracts

Equity index options and futures are contracts which will settle in cash based on differentials in the underlying indices at the time of exercise and the strike price. The Company uses combinations of purchases and sales of equity index derivatives to hedge the effects of adverse changes in equity indices within a predetermined range.

Total return swaps are contracts whereby the Company agrees with counterparties to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between the return on an asset (or market index) and LIBOR plus an associated funding spread based on a notional amount. The Company generally uses total return swaps to hedge the effect of adverse changes in equity indices.

Foreign Exchange Contracts

Currency derivatives, including currency swaps and forwards, are contracts used by the Company to reduce risks from changes in currency exchange rates with respect to investments denominated in foreign currencies that the Company either holds or intends to acquire or sell.

Under currency forwards, the Company agrees with counterparties to deliver a specified amount of an identified currency at a specified future date. Typically, the price is agreed upon at the time of the contract and payment for such a contract is made at the specified future date. The Company executes forward sales of the hedged currency in exchange for U.S. dollars at a specified exchange rate.

Under currency swaps, the Company agrees with counterparties to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between one currency and another at an exchange rate and calculated by reference to an agreed principal amount. Generally, the principal amount of each currency is exchanged at the beginning and termination of the currency swap by each party. These transactions are entered into pursuant to master agreements that provide for a single net payment to be made by one counterparty for payments made in the same currency at each due date.


42

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Credit Contracts

Credit derivatives are used by the Company to enhance the return on the Company’s investment portfolio by creating credit exposure similar to an investment in public fixed maturity cash instruments. With credit derivatives the Company sells credit protection on a single name reference, or certain index reference, and in return receives a quarterly premium. With credit default derivatives, this premium or credit spread generally corresponds to the difference between the yield on the referenced name’s public fixed maturity cash instruments and swap rates, at the time the agreement is executed. If there is an event of default by the referenced name, as defined by the agreement, then the Company is obligated to pay the counterparty the referenced amount of the contract and receive in return the referenced defaulted security or similar security or pay the referenced amount less the auction recovery rate. See "Credit Derivatives" below for a discussion of guarantees related to credit derivatives written. In addition to selling credit protection, the Company may purchase credit protection using credit derivatives in order to hedge specific credit exposures in the Company’s investment portfolio.

Embedded Derivatives

The Company previously sold variable annuity products, which may include guaranteed benefit features that are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Related to these embedded derivatives, the Company has entered into reinsurance agreements to transfer the risk associated with certain benefit features to an affiliate, Prudential Insurance. Additionally, the Company assumed variable annuities living benefit guarantees embedded within the base contracts from Pruco Life, excluding PLNJ business which was reinsured to Prudential Insurance. These reinsurance agreements are derivatives accounted for in the same manner as embedded derivatives. See Note 1 for additional information on the change to the reinsurance agreements effective April 1, 2016.

These derivatives are carried at fair value and are marked to market through “Realized investment gains (losses), net” based on the change in value of the underlying contractual guarantees, which are determined using valuation models, as described in Note 4.

Primary Risks Managed by Derivatives

The table below provides a summary of the gross notional amount and fair value of derivatives contracts by the primary underlying, excluding embedded derivatives which are recorded with the associated host and related reinsurance recoverables. Many derivative instruments contain multiple underlyings. The fair value amounts below represent the gross fair value of derivative contracts prior to taking into account the netting effects of master netting agreements, cash collateral held with the same counterparty, and non-performance risk.

Based on notional amounts, most of the Company’s derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting. Derivatives that economically hedge embedded derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting because changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives are already recorded in net income.

43

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)



 
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
Gross Fair Value
 
 
 
Gross Fair Value
Primary Underlying
 
Notional
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Notional
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
 
(in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency/Interest Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign Currency Swaps
 
$
543,434

 
$
32,732

 
$
(7,063
)
 
$
472,701

 
$
38,249

 
$
(2,776
)
Total Qualifying Hedges
 
$
543,434

 
$
32,732

 
$
(7,063
)
 
$
472,701

 
$
38,249

 
$
(2,776
)
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Futures
 
$
2,184,000

 
$
6,825

 
$
0

 
$
2,474,000

 
$
23,967

 
$
0

Interest Rate Swaps
 
86,931,925

 
4,247,120

 
(1,227,969
)
 
81,872,695

 
4,439,270

 
(1,163,388
)
Interest Rate Options
 
10,324,000

 
195,589

 
(119,086
)
 
10,825,000

 
278,763

 
(135,554
)
Interest Rate Forwards
 
694,726

 
2,512

 
(19,883
)
 
498,311

 
0

 
(25,082
)
Foreign Currency
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign Currency Forwards
 
1,373

 
0

 
(5
)
 
1,491

 
6

 
0

Currency/Interest Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign Currency Swaps
 
113,626

 
15,243

 
(159
)
 
130,470

 
16,627

 
(635
)
Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity Futures
 
0

 
0

 
0

 
1,269,044

 
0

 
(5,051
)
Total Return Swaps
 
11,312,753

 
17,046

 
(253,724
)
 
12,784,166

 
69,827

 
(281,193
)
Equity Options
 
5,895,000

 
51,987

 
(59,092
)
 
4,610,001

 
29,650

 
(45,732
)
Total Non-Qualifying Hedges
 
$
117,457,403

 
$
4,536,322

 
$
(1,679,918
)
 
$
114,465,178

 
$
4,858,110

 
$
(1,656,635
)
Total Derivatives (1)
 
$
118,000,837

 
$
4,569,054

 
$
(1,686,981
)
 
$
114,937,879

 
$
4,896,359

 
$
(1,659,411
)

(1)
Excludes embedded derivatives and the related reinsurance recoverables which contain multiple underlyings.

The fair value of the embedded derivatives, included in "Future policy benefits," was a net liability of $7,169 million and $7,707 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The fair value of the related reinsurance recoverables was an asset of $215 million and $231 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, included in "Reinsurance recoverables". See Note 7 for additional information on these reinsurance agreements.

The fair value of the embedded derivatives pertaining to the variable annuity products with a market value adjustment option assumed from Pruco Life as part of the Variable Annuities Recapture, included in "Reinsurance payables," was a net asset of $3 million and $10 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents recognized derivative instruments (excluding embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables), and repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements that are offset in the Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position, and/or are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, irrespective of whether they are offset in the Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position.








44

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)



 
March 31, 2017
 
Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Financial
Instruments
 
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position
 
Net
Amounts
Presented in
the Statement
of Financial
Position 
 
Financial
Instruments/
Collateral(1)
 
Net
Amount
 
(in thousands)
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives
$
4,569,054

 
$
(4,495,920
)
 
$
73,134

 
$
0

 
$
73,134

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Total Assets
$
4,569,054

 
$
(4,495,920
)
 
$
73,134

 
$
0

 
$
73,134

Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives
$
1,686,981

 
$
(1,686,981
)
 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Total Liabilities
$
1,686,981

 
$
(1,686,981
)
 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0


 
December 31, 2016
 
Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Financial
Instruments
 
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position
 
Net
Amounts
Presented in
the Statement
of Financial
Position 
 
Financial
Instruments/
Collateral(1)
 
Net
Amount
 
(in thousands)
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives
$
4,872,392

 
$
(4,582,540
)
 
$
289,852

 
$
0

 
$
289,852

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
255,000

 
0

 
255,000

 
(255,000
)
 
0

Total Assets
$
5,127,392

 
$
(4,582,540
)
 
$
544,852

 
$
(255,000
)
 
$
289,852

Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives
$
1,654,360

 
$
(1,654,360
)
 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Total Liabilities
$
1,654,360

 
$
(1,654,360
)
 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0


(1)
Amounts exclude the excess of collateral received/pledged from/to the counterparty.

For information regarding the rights of offset associated with the derivative assets and liabilities in the table above see “Credit Risk” below and Note 9.

 Cash Flow Hedges

The primary derivative instruments used by the Company in its cash flow hedge accounting relationships are currency swaps. These instruments are only designated for hedge accounting in instances where the appropriate criteria are met. The Company does not use futures, options, credit, equity or embedded derivatives in any of its cash flow hedge accounting relationships.


45

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)



The following tables provide the financial statement classification and impact of derivatives used in qualifying and non-qualifying hedge relationships, excluding the offset of the hedged item in an effective hedge relationship.


 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
Net
Investment
Income
 
Other Income
 
AOCI(1)
 
(in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency/Interest Rate
$
0

 
$
1,331

 
$
(2,702
)
 
$
(5,819
)
Total cash flow hedges
0

 
1,331

 
(2,702
)
 
(5,819
)
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate
(168,806
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency
(14
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency/Interest Rate
(605
)
 
0

 
(44
)
 
0

Credit
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Equity
(618,511
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Embedded Derivatives
800,417

 
0

 
0

 
0

Total non-qualifying hedges
12,481

 
0

 
(44
)
 
0

Total
$
12,481

 
$
1,331

 
$
(2,746
)
 
$
(5,819
)

 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
Net
Investment
Income
 
Other Income
 
AOCI(1)
 
(in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency/Interest Rate
$
0

 
$
251

 
$
169

 
$
(4,183
)
Total cash flow hedges
0

 
251

 
169

 
(4,183
)
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate
45,149

 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency
(127
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency/Interest Rate
(3,058
)
 
0

 
(34
)
 
0

Credit
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Equity
(19,413
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Embedded Derivatives
(34,161
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Total non-qualifying hedges
(11,610
)
 
0

 
(34
)
 
0

Total
$
(11,610
)
 
$
251

 
$
135

 
$
(4,183
)

(1)
Amounts deferred in AOCI.




46

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)



For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the ineffective portion of derivatives accounted for using hedge accounting was not material to the Company’s results of operations. Also, there were no material amounts reclassified into earnings relating to instances in which the Company discontinued cash flow hedge accounting because the forecasted transaction did not occur by the anticipated date or within the additional time period permitted by the authoritative guidance for the accounting for derivatives and hedging.

Presented below is a rollforward of current period cash flow hedges in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” before taxes:
 
(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2016
$
11,745

Net deferred gains (losses) on cash flow hedges from January 1 to March 31, 2017
(4,207
)
Amounts reclassified into current period earnings
(1,612
)
Balance, March 31, 2017
$
5,926


Using March 31, 2017 values, it is estimated that a pre-tax gain of approximately $6 million will be reclassified from AOCI to earnings during the subsequent twelve months ending March 31, 2018, offset by amounts pertaining to the hedged item. As of March 31, 2017, the Company did not have any qualifying cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions other than those related to the variability of the payment or receipt of interest or foreign currency amounts on existing financial instruments. The maximum length of time for which these variable cash flows are hedged is 19 years. Income amounts deferred in AOCI as a result of cash flow hedges are included in "Net unrealized investment gains (losses)" within OCI in the Unaudited Interim Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Credit Derivatives

The Company has no exposure from credit derivative positions where it has written or purchased credit protection as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Credit Risk

The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by its counterparty to financial derivative transactions. The Company has credit risk exposure to an affiliate, Prudential Global Funding, LLC (“PGF”), related to its OTC derivative transactions. PGF manages credit risk with external counterparties by entering into derivative transactions with highly rated major international financial institutions and other creditworthy counterparties, and by obtaining collateral, such as cash and securities, when appropriate. Additionally, limits are set on single party credit exposures which are subject to periodic management review.

Under fair value measurements, the Company incorporates the market’s perception of its own and the counterparty’s non-performance risk in determining the fair value of the portion of its OTC derivative assets and liabilities that are uncollateralized. Credit spreads are applied to the derivative fair values on a net basis by counterparty. To reflect the Company’s own credit spread, a proxy based on relevant debt spreads is applied to OTC derivative net liability positions. Similarly, the Company’s counterparty’s credit spread is applied to OTC derivative net asset positions.


6.    COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND LITIGATION AND REGULATORY MATTERS

Commitments

The Company had made commitments to fund $41 million and $9 million of commercial loans as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company also made commitments to purchase or fund investments, mostly private fixed maturities, of $77 million and $121 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.


47

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Contingent Liabilities

On an ongoing basis, the Company’s internal supervisory and control functions review the quality of sales, marketing and other customer interface procedures and practices and may recommend modifications or enhancements. From time to time, this review process results in the discovery of product administration, servicing or other errors, including errors relating to the timing or amount of payments or contract values due to customers. In certain cases, if appropriate, the Company may offer customers remediation and may incur charges, including the cost of such remediation, administrative costs and regulatory fines.

The Company is subject to the laws and regulations of states and other jurisdictions concerning the identification, reporting and escheatment of unclaimed or abandoned funds, and is subject to audit and examination for compliance with these requirements. For additional discussion of these matters, see “Litigation and Regulatory Matters” below.

It is possible that the results of operations or the cash flows of the Company in a particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected as a result of payments in connection with the matters discussed above or other matters depending, in part, upon the results of operations or cash flows for such period. Management believes, however, that ultimate payments in connection with these matters, after consideration of applicable reserves and rights to indemnification, should not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position.

Litigation and Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to legal and regulatory actions in the ordinary course of its business. Pending legal and regulatory actions include proceedings specific to the Company and proceedings generally applicable to business practices in the industry in which it operates. The Company is subject to class action lawsuits and other litigation involving a variety of issues and allegations involving sales practices, claims payments and procedures, premium charges, policy servicing and breach of fiduciary duty to customers. The Company is also subject to litigation arising out of its general business activities, such as its investments, contracts, leases and labor and employment relationships, including claims of discrimination and harassment, and could be exposed to claims or litigation concerning certain business or process patents. In addition, the Company, along with other participants in the businesses in which it engages, may be subject from time to time to investigations, examinations and inquiries, in some cases industry-wide, concerning issues or matters upon which such regulators have determined to focus. In some of the Company’s pending legal and regulatory actions, parties are seeking large and/or indeterminate amounts, including punitive or exemplary damages. The outcome of litigation or a regulatory matter, and the amount or range of potential loss at any particular time, is often inherently uncertain.

The Company establishes accruals for litigation and regulatory matters when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of that loss can be reasonably estimated. For litigation and regulatory matters where a loss may be reasonably possible, but not probable, or is probable but not reasonably estimable, no accrual is established, but the matter, if material, is disclosed. The Company estimates that as of March 31, 2017, the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses in excess of accruals established for those litigation and regulatory matters for which such an estimate currently can be made is less than $150 million. This estimate is not an indication of expected loss, if any, or the Company’s maximum possible loss exposure on such matters. The Company reviews relevant information with respect to its litigation and regulatory matters on a quarterly and annual basis and updates its accruals, disclosures and estimates of reasonably possible loss based on such reviews.

For a discussion of the Company's litigations and regulatory matters, see Note 12 to the Company's Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Summary

The Company’s litigation and regulatory matters are subject to many uncertainties, and given their complexity and scope, their outcome cannot be predicted. It is possible that the Company’s results of operations or cash flows in a particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by an ultimate unfavorable resolution of pending litigation and regulatory matters depending, in part, upon the results of operations or cash flows for such period. In light of the unpredictability of the Company’s litigation and regulatory matters, it is also possible that in certain cases an ultimate unfavorable resolution of one or more pending litigation or regulatory matters could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position. Management believes, however, that, based on information currently known to it, the ultimate outcome of all pending litigation and regulatory matters, after consideration of applicable reserves and rights to indemnification, is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position.

48

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)



7.    REINSURANCE

The Company uses reinsurance as part of its risk management and capital management strategies for certain of its living benefit features and variable annuity base contracts. Through March 31, 2016, the Company reinsured its living benefit guarantees on certain variable annuity products to Pruco Re and Prudential Insurance, which are the legal entities in which the Company previously executed its living benefit hedging program. Effective April 1, 2016 the Company recaptured the risks related to its variable annuity living benefit guarantees that were previously reinsured to Pruco Re and Prudential Insurance, as discussed further in Note 1. In addition, the Company reinsured variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees, from Pruco Life, excluding the PLNJ business which was reinsured to Prudential Insurance. This reinsurance covers new and in force business and excludes business reinsured externally.

In the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company surrendered its New York License. The Company recaptured the New York living benefits previously ceded to Pruco Re, and reinsured the majority of its New York business, both the living benefit guarantees and base contracts, to Prudential Insurance. See Note 1 for additional information.
 
Realized investment gains and losses include the impact of reinsurance agreements, particularly reinsurance agreements involving living benefit guarantees. These reinsurance agreements are derivatives and have been accounted for in the same manner as embedded derivatives and the changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recognized through "Realized investment gains (losses), net". See Note 5 for additional information related to the accounting for embedded derivatives.

Reinsurance amounts included in the Company's Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were as follows:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(in thousands)
Reinsurance recoverables
$
551,288

 
$
588,608

Deferred policy acquisition costs
3,569,578

 
3,557,248

Deferred sales inducements
512,932

 
520,182

Value of business acquired
(2,344
)
 
(2,357
)
Other assets
103,537

 
112,802

Policyholders’ account balances
2,627,659

 
2,576,357

Future policy benefits
4,764,632

 
5,130,753

Reinsurance payables(1)
268,455

 
275,822

Other liabilities
334,367

 
335,713


(1)
"Reinsurance payables" includes $0.1 million of unaffiliated activity as of both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

The reinsurance recoverables by counterparty are broken out below:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(in thousands)
Prudential Insurance
$
286,076

 
$
306,191

Pruco Life
265,100

 
282,326

Unaffiliated
112

 
91

Total reinsurance recoverables
$
551,288

 
$
588,608



49

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Reinsurance amounts, included in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, were as follows:
 
2017
 
2016(1)
 
(in thousands)
Premiums:
 
 
 
Direct
$
9,425

 
$
5,788

Assumed
9,635

 
0

Ceded
(233
)
 
(298
)
Net premiums
18,827

 
5,490

Policy charges and fee income:
 
 
 
Direct
155,671

 
161,203

Assumed
392,902

 
0

Ceded(2)
(11,267
)
 
(11,697
)
Net policy charges and fee income
537,306

 
149,506

Asset administration fees and other income:
 
 
 
Direct
31,415

 
29,705

Assumed
69,803

 
0

Ceded
(2,416
)
 
(2,374
)
Net asset administration fees and other income
98,802

 
27,331

Realized investment gains (losses), net:
 
 
 
Direct
(559,563
)
 
(630,111
)
Assumed
591,422

 
0

Ceded
(22,374
)
 
615,869

Realized investment gains (losses), net
9,485

 
(14,242
)
Policyholders' benefits (including change in reserves):
 
 
 
Direct
15,207

 
24,334

Assumed
10,961

 
0

Ceded
(9,395
)
 
(658
)
Net policyholders' benefits (including change in reserves)
16,773

 
23,676

Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances:
 
 
 
Direct
16,224

 
142,995

Assumed
19,954

 
0

Ceded
(795
)
 
(11,336
)
Net interest credited to policyholders’ account balances
35,383

 
131,659

Net reinsurance expense allowances, net of capitalization and amortization
235,203

 
(20,513
)

(1)
Prior period amounts are presented on a basis consistent with the current period presentation.
(2)
"Policy charges and fee income ceded" includes $(0.5) million and $(0.6) million of unaffiliated activity for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.


50

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


8. EQUITY

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The balance of and changes in each component of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
 
Net Unrealized
Investment Gains
(Losses)(1)
 
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2016
$
(78
)
 
$
(314,870
)
 
$
(314,948
)
Change in OCI before reclassifications
11

 
51,334

 
51,345

Amounts reclassified from AOCI
0

 
3,013

 
3,013

Income tax benefit (expense)
(4
)
 
(19,022
)
 
(19,026
)
Balance, March 31, 2017
$
(71
)
 
$
(279,545
)
 
$
(279,616
)
 
 
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
 
Net Unrealized
Investment Gains
(Losses)(1)
 
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2015
$
(65
)
 
$
46,231

 
$
46,166

Change in OCI before reclassifications
28

 
25,501

 
25,529

Amounts reclassified from AOCI
0

 
2,146

 
2,146

Income tax benefit (expense)
(10
)
 
(9,676
)
 
(9,686
)
Balance, March 31, 2016
$
(47
)
 
$
64,202

 
$
64,155


(1)
Includes cash flow hedges of $6 million and $12 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, and $11 million and $15 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in thousands)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(1)(2):
 
 
 
Net unrealized investment gains (losses):
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges—Currency/ Interest rate(3)
$
1,612

 
$
391

Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities
(4,625
)
 
(2,537
)
Total net unrealized investment gains (losses)(4)
(3,013
)
 
(2,146
)
Total reclassifications for the period
$
(3,013
)
 
$
(2,146
)

(1)
All amounts are shown before tax.
(2)
Positive amounts indicate gains/benefits reclassified out of AOCI. Negative amounts indicate losses/costs reclassified out of AOCI.
(3)
See Note 5 for additional information on cash flow hedges.
(4)
See table below for additional information on unrealized investment gains (losses), including the impact on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs and future policy benefits.

51

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)

Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on securities classified as available-for-sale and certain other long-term investments and other assets are included in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Statements of Financial Position as a component of AOCI. Changes in these amounts include reclassification adjustments to exclude from "Other comprehensive income (loss)" those items that are included as part of “Net income” for a period that had been part of "Other comprehensive income (loss)" in earlier periods. The amounts for the periods indicated below, split between amounts related to fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized, and all other net unrealized investment gains (losses), are as follows:

Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) on Fixed Maturity Securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized
 
Net Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on Investments
 
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and
Other Costs
 
Future
Policy
Benefits
 
Deferred
Income Tax
(Liability)
Benefit
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
 
(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2016
$
(1,261
)
 
$
(2,133
)
 
$
(522
)
 
$
1,387

 
$
(2,529
)
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period
(162
)
 
0

 
0

 
57

 
(105
)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
751

 
0

 
0

 
(263
)
 
488

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses excluded from net income(1)
5

 
0

 
0

 
(2
)
 
3

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs
0

 
2,002

 
0

 
(702
)
 
1,300

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits
0

 
0

 
478

 
(168
)
 
310

Balance, March 31, 2017
$
(667
)
 
$
(131
)
 
$
(44
)
 
$
309

 
$
(533
)

(1)
Represents "transfers in" related to the portion of OTTI losses recognized during the period that were not recognized in earnings for securities with no prior OTTI loss.


52

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


All Other Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) in AOCI
 
Net Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on Investments(2)
 
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and
Other Costs
 
Future
Policy
Benefits
 
Deferred
Income Tax
(Liability)
Benefit
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
 
(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2016
$
(442,314
)
 
$
(31,251
)
 
$
(5,664
)
 
$
166,888

 
$
(312,341
)
Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period
61,973

 
0

 
0

 
(21,691
)
 
40,282

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
(3,764
)
 
0

 
0

 
1,317

 
(2,447
)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses excluded from net income(1)
(5
)
 
0

 
0

 
2

 
(3
)
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs
0

 
(5,723
)
 
0

 
2,003

 
(3,720
)
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits
0

 
0

 
(1,205
)
 
422

 
(783
)
Balance, March 31, 2017
$
(384,110
)
 
$
(36,974
)
 
$
(6,869
)
 
$
148,941

 
$
(279,012
)

(1)
Includes cash flow hedges. See Note 5 for information on cash flow hedges.
(2)
Represents "transfers out" related to the portion of OTTI losses recognized during the period that were not recognized in earnings for securities with no prior OTTI loss.


9.    RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company has extensive transactions and relationships with Prudential Insurance and other affiliates. Although we seek to ensure that these transactions and relationships are fair and reasonable, it is possible that the terms of these transactions are not the same as those that would result from transactions among unrelated parties.

Expense Charges and Allocations

Many of the Company’s expenses are allocations or charges from Prudential Insurance or other affiliates. These expenses can be grouped into general and administrative expenses and agency distribution expenses.

The Company’s general and administrative expenses are charged to the Company using allocation methodologies based on business production processes. Management believes that the methodology is reasonable and reflects costs incurred by Prudential Insurance to process transactions on behalf of the Company. The Company operates under service and lease agreements whereby services of officers and employees, supplies, use of equipment and office space are provided by Prudential Insurance. The Company reviews its allocation methodology periodically which it may adjust accordingly. General and administrative expenses include allocations of stock compensation expenses related to a stock option program and a deferred compensation program issued by Prudential Financial. The expense charged to the Company for the stock option program was $0.0 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. The expense charged to the Company for the deferred compensation program was $0.3 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The Company is charged for its share of employee benefit expenses. These expenses include costs for funded and non-funded contributory and non-contributory defined benefit pension plans. Some of these benefits are based on final earnings and length of service while others are based on an account balance, which takes into consideration age, service and earnings during a career. The Company’s share of net expense for the pension plans was $0.3 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.


53

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


The Company is also charged for its share of the costs associated with welfare plans issued by Prudential Insurance. These expenses include costs related to medical, dental, life insurance and disability. The Company's share of net expense for the welfare plans was $0.4 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Prudential Insurance sponsors voluntary savings plans for its employee 401(k) plans. The plans provide for salary reduction contributions by employees and matching contributions by the Company of up to 4% of annual salary. The Company's expense for its share of the voluntary savings plan was $0.1 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

The Company pays commissions and certain other fees to PAD in consideration for PAD’s marketing and underwriting of the Company’s products. Commissions and fees are paid by PAD to broker-dealers who sell the Company’s products. Commissions and fees paid by the Company to PAD were $27 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

The Company is charged for its share of corporate expenses incurred by Prudential Financial to benefit its businesses, such as advertising, executive oversight, external affairs and philanthropic activity.  The Company’s share of corporate expenses was $4 million and $3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Certain operating costs, including rental of office space, furniture, and equipment, have been charged to the Company at cost by Prudential Annuities Information Services and Technology Corporation (“PAIST”), an affiliated company. The Company signed a written service agreement with PAIST for these services executed and approved by the Connecticut Insurance Department in 1995. This agreement automatically continues in effect from year to year and may be terminated by either party upon 30 days written notice. Allocated lease expense was $0.0 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Sub-lease rental income, recorded as a reduction to lease expense, was $0.0 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Affiliated Investment Management Expenses

In accordance with an agreement with PGIM, Inc. (“PGIM”), the Company pays investment management expenses to PGIM who acts as investment manager to certain Company general account and separate account assets. Investment management expenses paid to PGIM related to this agreement were $3 million and $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. These expenses are recorded as “Net investment income” in the Unaudited Interim Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Derivative Trades

In its ordinary course of business, the Company enters into OTC derivative contracts with an affiliate, PGF. For these OTC derivative contracts, PGF has a substantially equal and offsetting position with an external counterparty. See Note 5 for additional information.

Joint Ventures

The Company has made investments in joint ventures with certain subsidiaries of Prudential Financial. "Other long-term investments" includes $106 million and $102 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. "Net investment income" related to these ventures includes a gain of $3 million and a loss of $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Affiliated Asset Administration Fee Income

The Company has a revenue sharing agreement with AST Investment Services, Inc. (“ASTISI”) and Prudential Investments LLC (“Prudential Investments”) whereby the Company receives fee income calculated on contractholder separate account balances invested in the Advanced Series Trust and the Prudential Series Fund. Income received from ASTISI and Prudential Investments related to this agreement was $27 million and $25 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. These revenues are recorded as “Asset administration fees and other income” in the Unaudited Interim Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).


54

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Affiliated Notes Receivable

Affiliated notes receivable included in "Other assets" at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were as follows:
 
Maturity Dates
 
Interest Rates
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
U.S. Dollar floating rate notes

 
2028
 
2.31%
-
2.45
%
 
$
34,093

 
$
0

U.S. Dollar fixed rate notes
2027
-
2028
 
2.31%
-
14.85
%
 
6,897

 
40,925

Total long-term notes receivable - affiliated(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
40,990

 
$
40,925


(1)
All long-term notes receivable may be called for prepayment prior to the respective maturity dates under specified circumstances.

The affiliated notes receivable shown above include those classified as loans and carried at unpaid principal balance, net of any allowance for losses, and those classified as available-for-sale securities and other trading account assets carried at fair value. The Company monitors the internal and external credit ratings of these loans and loan performance. The Company also considers any guarantees made by Prudential Insurance for loans due from affiliates.

Accrued interest receivable related to these loans was $0.3 million and $0.1 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, and is included in “Other assets”. Revenues related to these loans were $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and are included in “Asset administration fees and other income”.

Affiliated Asset Transfers

The Company participates in affiliated asset trades with parent and sister companies. Book and market value differences for trades with a parent and sister are recognized within "Additional paid-in capital" (“APIC”) and "Realized investment gains (losses), net", respectively. The table below shows affiliated asset trades for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and for the year ended December 31, 2016, excluding those related to the Variable Annuities Recapture effective April 1, 2016, as described in Note 1.
Affiliate
 
Date
 
Transaction  
 
Security Type  
 
Fair Value  
 
Book Value  
 
Additional Paid-in Capital, Net of Tax Increase/(Decrease)
 
Realized
Investment
Gain/(Loss), Net of Tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
Gibraltar Life Insurance Co., Ltd
 
August 2016
 
Sale
 
Fixed Maturities
 
$
11,559

 
$
11,485

 
$
0

 
$
48

Prudential Insurance
 
September 2016
 
Sale
 
Fixed Maturities
 
$
47,066

 
$
36,639

 
$
0

 
$
6,777

Pruco Re
 
September 2016
 
Transfer in
 
Fixed Maturities
 
$
91,586

 
$
80,732

 
$
(7,055
)
 
$
0

Pruco Life
 
January 2017
 
Sale
 
Fixed Maturities
 
$
29

 
$
29

 
$
0

 
$
0




55

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Debt Agreements

The Company is authorized to borrow funds up to $9 billion from Prudential Financial and its affiliates to meet its capital and other funding needs. The debt issued during the second quarter of 2016 in the table below was assigned from affiliates as part of the Variable Annuities Recapture, as described further in Note 1. The following table provides the breakout of the Company's short-term and long-term debt with affiliates:
Affiliate
 
Date
Issued
 
Amount of Notes - March 31, 2017
 
Amount of Notes - December 31, 2016
 
Interest Rate  
 
Date of Maturity  
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
$
28,101

 
$
28,101

 


1.89
%
 


6/20/2017
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
18,734

 
18,734

 


2.60
%
 


12/15/2018
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
25,000

 
25,000

 


2.60
%
 


12/15/2018
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
46,835

 
46,835

 


2.80
%
 


6/20/2019
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
18,734

 
18,734

 


2.80
%
 


6/20/2019
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
37,468

 
37,468

 


3.64
%
 


12/6/2020
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
93,671

 
93,671

 


3.64
%
 


12/15/2020
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
103,039

 
103,039

 


3.64
%
 


12/15/2020
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
93,671

 
93,671

 


3.47
%
 


6/20/2021
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
93,671

 
93,671

 


4.39
%
 


12/15/2023
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
28,102

 
28,102

 


4.39
%
 


12/15/2023
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
37,468

 
37,468

 


3.95
%
 


6/20/2024
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
93,671

 
93,671

 


3.95
%
 


6/20/2024
Prudential Insurance
 
4/20/2016
 
46,835

 
46,835

 


3.95
%
 


6/20/2024
Prudential Insurance
 
6/28/2016
 
30,000

 
30,000

 


2.08
%
 


6/28/2019
Prudential Insurance
 
6/28/2016
 
50,000

 
50,000

 


3.87
%
 


6/28/2026
Prudential Insurance
 
6/28/2016
 
25,000

 
25,000

 


3.49
%
 


6/28/2026
Prudential Insurance
 
6/28/2016
 
26,000

 
26,000

 


2.59
%
 


6/28/2021
Prudential Insurance
 
6/28/2016
 
25,000

 
25,000

 


2.08
%
 


6/28/2019
Prudential Insurance
 
6/28/2016
 
20,000

 
20,000

 
 
 
2.08
%
 
 
 
6/28/2019
Prudential Insurance
 
6/28/2016
 
25,000

 
25,000

 
 
 
3.49
%
 
 
 
6/28/2026
Prudential Retirement Insurance & Annuity
 
6/28/2016
 
34,000

 
34,000

 
 
 
3.09
%
 
 
 
6/28/2023
Prudential Funding, LLC
 
3/31/2017
 
9,609

 
0

 
 
 
1.02
%
 
 
 
4/7/2017
Total Loans Payable to Affiliates
 
 
 
$
1,009,609

 
$
1,000,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Total interest expense to the Company related to loans and other payables to affiliates was $13 million and $0.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Contributed Capital and Dividends

The Company did not receive any capital contributions through March 31, 2017. In June 2016, the Company received a capital contribution in the amount of $8,422 million from PAI, related to the Variable Annuities Recapture, as discussed in Note 1.

The Company did not pay any dividends through March 31, 2017. In December 2016, there was a $1,140 million return of capital to PAI.


56

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements—(Continued)


Reinsurance with Affiliates

As discussed in Note 7, the Company participates in reinsurance transactions with certain affiliates.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) addresses the financial condition of Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation (“PALAC” or the “Company”) as of March 31, 2017, compared with December 31, 2016, and its results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. You should read the following analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the MD&A, the “Risk Factors” section, and the audited Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, as well as the statements under “Forward-Looking Statements” and the Unaudited Interim Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

The Company was established in 1969 and has been a provider of variable annuity contracts for the individual market in the United States. The Company’s products have been sold primarily to individuals to provide for long-term savings and retirement needs and to address the economic impact of premature death, estate planning concerns and supplemental retirement income.

The Company has sold a wide array of annuities, including deferred and immediate variable annuities with (1) fixed interest rate allocation options, subject to a market value adjustment, that are registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), and (2) fixed-rate allocation options not subject to a market value adjustment and not registered with the SEC. In addition, the Company has a relatively small in force block of variable life insurance policies. The Company no longer actively sells such products.

Beginning in March 2010, the Company ceased offering its variable and fixed annuity products (and where offered, the companion market value adjustment option) to new investors upon the launch of a new product line by each of Pruco Life Insurance Company ("Pruco Life") and Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey ("PLNJ") (which are affiliates of the Company). These initiatives were implemented to create operational and administrative efficiencies by offering a single product line of annuity products from a more limited group of legal entities. During 2012, the Company suspended additional customer deposits for variable annuities with certain living benefit guarantees. However, subject to applicable contract provisions and administrative rules, the Company continues to accept additional customer deposits on certain in force contracts.

On August 31, 2013, the Company redomesticated from Connecticut to Arizona. As a result of the redomestication, the Company is now an Arizona insurance company and its principal insurance regulatory authority is the Arizona Department of Insurance. See Note 1 to the Unaudited Interim Financial Statements for additional information.

As disclosed in Note 1 to the Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company surrendered its New York license effective as of December 31, 2015, and reinsured the majority of its New York business to an affiliate, The Prudential lnsurance Company of America (“Prudential Insurance”). The license surrender relieves the Company of the requirement to hold New York statutory reserves on its business in excess of the statutory reserves required by its domiciliary regulator, the Arizona Department of Insurance. For the small portion of New York business retained by the Company, a custodial account has been established to hold collateral assets in an amount equal to a percentage of the reserves associated with such business, as calculated in accordance with PALAC's New York Regulation 109 Plan approved by the New York Department of Financial Services.

Variable Annuities Recapture

Through March 31, 2016, the Company reinsured the majority of its variable annuity living benefit guarantees to its affiliated companies, Pruco Reinsurance, Ltd. (“Pruco Re”) and Prudential Insurance, in order to facilitate the capital markets hedging program for these living benefit guarantees. Effective April 1, 2016, the Company recaptured the risks related to its variable annuity living benefit guarantees that were previously reinsured to Pruco Re and Prudential Insurance. In addition, the Company reinsured the variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees, from Pruco Life. The reinsurance agreement covers new and in force business and excludes business reinsured externally by Pruco Life. The product risks related to the reinsured business are being managed in the Company. These series of transactions are collectively referred to as the "Variable Annuities Recapture". After the foregoing transactions, Pruco Re no longer had any material active reinsurance with affiliates. On September 30, 2016, Pruco Re was merged with and into PALAC.

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The Variable Annuities Recapture allows the Company to manage the capital and liquidity risks of these products more efficiently by aggregating both the risks and the assets supporting these risks. In connection with this transaction, the Company evaluated the overall risk management strategy including potential future enhancements to the living benefit hedging program. During the third quarter of 2016, the Company implemented modifications to the risk management strategy in order to more efficiently manage the capital and liquidity associated with these products while continuing to mitigate fluctuations in net income due to capital market movements. These modifications include utilizing a combination of traditional fixed income instruments and derivatives to manage the associated risks.

Regulatory Developments

DOL Fiduciary Rule
In April 2017, the U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) announced a 60-day delay of the applicability date of its new fiduciary rules from April 10, 2017 to June 9, 2017 to allow for an examination of the rules as directed by President Trump in February 2017. In addition, the DOL notice changed certain aspects of the rules’ requirements during the new transition period, which is June 9, 2017 through January 1, 2018.  We are reviewing the delay notice to determine how it will affect us during the new transition period.

Presidential Memorandum Regarding the Financial Stability Oversight Council

In April 2017, President Trump issued a memorandum directing the Secretary of the Treasury, among other things, to conduct a
review of the Financial Stability Oversight Council's process for designating non-bank financial companies for supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and to report conclusions to the President within 180 days regarding issues raised in the memorandum, and recommendations for process improvements, including necessary legislative changes. We cannot predict what impact the memorandum will ultimately have on the designation process or the Company.

For additional information on the potential impacts of regulation on the Company see “Business-Regulation” and “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Revenues and Expenses

The Company earns revenues principally from policy charges, fee income, asset administration from insurance and investment products and from net investment income on the investment of general account and other funds. The Company’s operating expenses principally consist of insurance benefits provided and reserves established for anticipated future insurance benefits and costs of managing risk related to these products, interest credited to contractholders' account balances, general business expenses, reinsurance premiums, commissions and other costs of selling and servicing the various products it sold.

Effective February 25, 2013, the Advanced Series Trust (“AST”) adopted a Rule 12b-1 Plan under the Investment Company Act of 1940 with respect to most of the AST portfolios that are offered through the Company’s variable annuity and variable life insurance products. Under the Rule 12b-1 Plan, AST pays an affiliate of the Company for distribution and administrative services. In June 2015, AST received shareholder approval to amend the Rule 12b-1 Plan. Effective July 1, 2015, there was an increase in the amount AST pays the Company's affiliate for distribution and administrative services with respect to these portfolios. However, there was also a reduction in contractual investment management fees. In addition, due to the revised Rule 12b-1 Plan, the asset administration fees received by the Company from AST Investment Services, Inc., and related distribution expenses of the Company, have decreased.

Profitability

The Company’s profitability depends principally on its ability to manage risk on insurance and annuity products. Profitability also depends on, among other items, our actuarial and contractholder behavior experience on insurance and annuity products, our ability to retain customer assets, generate and maintain favorable investment results, and to manage expenses.

See “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 for a discussion of risks that have materially affected and may affect in the future the Company’s business, results of operations or financial condition, or cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those expected or those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company.

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Products

The Company’s in force variable annuities provide its contractholders with tax-deferred asset accumulation together with a base death benefit and a suite of optional guaranteed death and living benefits and annuitization options. Certain living benefit guarantees include, among other features, the ability to make withdrawals based on the highest daily contract value plus a specified return, credited for a period of time. This guaranteed contract value is a notional amount that forms the basis for determining periodic withdrawals for the life of the contractholder, and cannot be accessed as a lump-sum surrender value. Most contracts also guarantee the contractholder’s beneficiary a return of the greater of account value or total premium payments made to the contract less any partial withdrawals upon death. Certain in force contracts include guaranteed benefits which are not currently offered, such as annuitization benefits based on a guaranteed notional amount and benefits payable at specified dates after the accumulation period.

Our variable annuities generally provide our contractholders with the opportunity to allocate purchase payments to sub-accounts that invest in underlying mutual funds managed by our affiliates ("proprietary") or a mix of proprietary and non-proprietary mutual funds, frequently under asset allocation programs. Certain allocations made in the fixed-rate accounts of our variable annuities and certain fixed annuities impose a market value adjustment if the invested amount is not held to maturity.

The Company's in force business includes both variable and fixed annuities that may include optional guaranteed living benefits guarantees (e.g., guaranteed minimum income benefits (“GMIB”), guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits (“GMAB”), guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”), and guaranteed minimum income and withdrawal benefits (“GMIWB”)), and/or guaranteed minimum death benefits (“GMDB”). We also offered fixed annuities that provide a guarantee of principal and interest credited at rates we determine, subject to certain contractual minimums.

The reserves for GMDB and GMIB are calculated based on best estimates applying our actuarial and capital markets return assumptions in accordance with an insurance fulfillment accounting framework whereby a liability is established over time representing the portion of fees collected that is expected to be used to satisfy the obligation to pay benefits in future periods.

In contrast, certain of our guaranteed living benefits (e.g., GMAB, GMWB and GMIWB) are accounted for in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) as embedded derivatives and reported using a fair value accounting framework. These benefit features are carried at fair value based on estimates of assumptions a market participant would use in valuing these embedded derivatives and the change in fair value during each reporting period is recorded within “Realized investment gains (losses), net”.



Accounting Policies & Pronouncements

Application of Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the application of accounting policies that often involve a significant degree of judgment. Management reviews estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of financial statements on an ongoing basis. If management determines that modifications in assumptions and estimates are appropriate given current facts and circumstances, the Company’s results of operations and financial position as reported in the Unaudited Interim Financial Statements could change significantly.

Management believes the accounting policies relating to the following areas are most dependent on the application of estimates and assumptions and require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments:

Deferred policy acquisition costs ("DAC") and other costs, including deferred sales inducements ("DSI") and value of business acquired ("VOBA");
Valuation of investments, including derivatives, and the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments ("OTTI");
Policyholder liabilities;
Reinsurance recoverables;
Taxes on income; and
Reserves for contingencies, including reserves for losses in connection with unresolved legal matters.


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DAC and Other Costs

We generally amortize DAC and other costs over the expected life of the contracts in proportion to total gross profits. Total gross profits include both actual gross profits and estimates of gross profits for future periods. In calculating gross profits, we consider mortality, persistency, and other elements as well as rates of return on investments associated with these contracts, and the cost related to our guaranteed minimum death benefits (“GMDB”) and guaranteed minimum income benefits (“GMIB”). Gross profits and amortization rates also include the impacts of the embedded derivatives associated with certain of the living benefit features of our variable annuity contracts and related hedging activities. In calculating amortization expense, we estimate the amounts of gross profits that will be included in our U.S. GAAP results, and utilize these estimates to calculate amortization rates and expense amounts. In addition, in calculating gross profits, we include the profits and losses related to contracts previously issued by the Company that are reported in affiliated legal entities other than the Company as a result of, for example, reinsurance agreements with those affiliated entities. The Company is an indirect subsidiary of Prudential Financial (an SEC registrant) and has extensive transactions and relationships with other subsidiaries of Prudential Financial, including reinsurance agreements, as discussed in Note 7 to the Unaudited Interim Financial Statements. Incorporating all product-related profits and losses in gross profits, including those that are reported in affiliated legal entities, produces a DAC amortization pattern representative of the total economics of the products. For a further discussion of the amortization of DAC and other costs, see “—Results of Operations”.

The near-term future equity rate of return assumptions used in evaluating DAC and DSI for our domestic variable annuity products are derived using a reversion to the mean approach, a common industry practice. Under this approach, we consider historical equity returns and adjust projected equity returns over an initial future period of five years (the “near-term”) so that equity returns converge to the long-term expected rate of return. If the near-term projected future rate of return is greater than our near-term maximum future rate of return of 15%, we use our maximum future rate of return. As of March 31, 2017, we assume an 8.0% long-term equity expected rate of return and a 4.7% near-term mean reversion equity rate of return.

The weighted average rate of return assumptions consider many factors, including asset durations, asset allocations and other factors. We generally update the near-term equity rate of return and our estimate of total gross profits each quarter to reflect the result of the reversion to the mean approach. We generally update the future interest rates used to project fixed income returns annually and in any quarter when interest rates vary significantly from these assumptions. These market performance related adjustments to our estimate of total gross profits result in cumulative adjustments to prior amortization, reflecting the application of the new required rate of amortization to all prior periods’ gross profits.

For additional information on our policies for DAC and other costs and for the remaining critical accounting estimates listed above, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Accounting Policies & Pronouncements—Application of Critical Accounting Estimates”.

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to our Unaudited Interim Financial Statements for a discussion of newly adopted accounting pronouncements.

Changes in Financial Position

March 31, 2017 versus December 31, 2016

Total assets increased $83 million from $59,822 million at December 31, 2016 to $59,905 million at March 31, 2017. Significant components were:

Separate account assets increased $380 million primarily driven by favorable fund performance partially offset by net outflows and policy charges.

Partially offsetting this increase in total assets were the following items:

Income tax receivable decreased $136 million primarily due to pre-tax income.
Total investments and cash and cash equivalents decreased $65 million primarily driven by the mark to market of living benefit hedges primarily due to favorable market appreciation, partially offset by cash flows from insurance operations.
Reinsurance recoverables declined $37 million driven by a reduction related to the reinsured living benefit liability with Prudential Insurance due to a decrease in future expected benefit payments driven by equity market appreciation and rising rates, and a decline in the modco receivable with Pruco Life.


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Total liabilities decreased by $214 million, from $52,732 million at December 31, 2016 to $52,518 million at March 31, 2017. Significant components were:

Future policy benefits decreased $542 million driven by equity market appreciation and rising rates.
Policyholders' account balances decreased $48 million, primarily driven by legacy surrenders and withdrawals, partially offset by assumed premiums and deposits as part of the reinsurance agreement. This decline partially offsets the decrease in total investments and cash and cash equivalents, as discussed above.

Partially offsetting these decreases in total liabilities was the following item:
Separate account liabilities increased $380 million, corresponding to the increase in separate account assets described above.

Total equity increased $297 million from $7,090 million at December 31, 2016 to $7,387 million at March 31, 2017, primarily driven by after-tax income of $262 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Results of Operations

Income (Loss) from Operations before Income Taxes

2017 to 2016 Three Months Comparison

Income (loss) from operations before income taxes increased $608 million from a loss of $228 million in the first quarter of 2016 to income of $380 million in the first quarter of 2017. Net fee income resulted in a favorable variance of $383 million driven by the assumption of the variable annuities business from Pruco Life as of April 1, 2016. Amortization of DAC and other costs resulted in a favorable variance of $281 million, driven by higher amortization due to NPR gains in the first quarter of 2016 as a result of declining rates and credit spread widening. These increases were partially offset by a $117 million increase in general and administrative expense driven by the commission and expense allowance with Pruco Life as part of the Variable Annuities Recapture.

The following table illustrates the net impact of changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative liability and hedge positions,
and the related amortization of DAC and other costs, for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31, 2017
March 31, 2016
 
(in millions)(1)
Excluding impact of assumption updates and other refinements:
 
 
Net hedging impact(2)
$
40

$
(25
)
Change in portions of U.S. GAAP liability, before NPR(3)
586

(6
)
Change in the NPR adjustment
(693
)
36

Net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions
(67
)
5

Related benefit (charge) to amortization of DAC and other costs
11

(270
)
Net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions, after the impact of NPR, DAC and other costs.
$
(56
)
$
(265
)

(1) Positive amount represents income; negative amount represents a loss.
(2) Net hedging impact represents the difference between the change in fair value of the risk we seek to hedge using derivatives and the change in fair value of
the derivatives utilized with respect to that risk.
(3) Represents risk margins and valuation methodology differences between the economic liability managed by the Asset Liability Management ("ALM") Strategy and the U.S. GAAP liability, as well as the portion of the economic liability managed with fixed income instruments.


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For the first quarter of 2017, the net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions, after the impact of NPR, DAC and other costs, was a charge of $56 million. Net hedging impacts reflect a $40 million net benefit, primarily driven by declining interest rate volatility. Changes in the NPR adjustment resulted in a $693 million net charge, driven by the tightening of credit spreads and net decreases in the base embedded derivative liability before NPR primarily due to equity market appreciation and rising interest rates. Each of these items resulted in partial offsets included in the $11 million related benefit to amortization of DAC and other costs.

For the first quarter of 2016, the net impact from changes in the U.S. GAAP embedded derivative and hedge positions, after the impact of NPR, DAC and other costs, was a charge of $265 million, primarily due to the amortization of DAC and other costs driven by declining interest rates and widening credit spreads.

Revenues, Benefits and Expenses

2017 to 2016 Three Months Comparison

Revenues increased $0.6 billion, from $0.2 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2016 to $0.8 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2017, primarily driven by an increase of $0.5 billion in policy charges and fee income and asset administration fees and other income, due to the Variable Annuities Recapture, as discussed above.

Benefits and expenses decreased $0.0 billion, from a $0.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2016 to $0.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2017, driven by a favorable variance in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and interest credited to policyholders' account balances of $0.2 billion, as discussed above. Partially offsetting this was an increase in general, administrative and other expenses of $0.2 billion driven by assumed trail commissions and the commission and expense allowance as part of the Variable Annuities Recapture.

Variable Annuity Risks and Risk Mitigants

The following is a summary of: (i) the risks associated with Individual Annuities’ products; (ii) our strategies in mitigating those risks, including any updates to those strategies since the previous year end; and (iii) the related financial results. For a more detailed description of these items and their related accounting treatment, refer to the complete descriptions provided in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

The primary risk exposures of our variable annuity contracts relate to actual deviations from, or changes to, the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products, including capital markets assumptions such as equity market returns, interest rates and market volatility, along with actuarial assumptions such as contractholder mortality, the timing and amount of annuitization and withdrawals, and contract lapses. For these risk exposures, achievement of our expected earnings and profitability is subject to the risk that actual experience will differ from the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products. We currently manage our exposure to certain risks driven by capital markets fluctuations primarily through a combination of two strategies described below including Product Design Features and an ALM Strategy.

Product Design Features

A portion of the variable annuity contracts that we offer include an asset transfer feature. This feature is implemented at the contract level, and transfers assets between certain variable investment sub-accounts selected by the annuity contractholder and, depending on the benefit feature, a fixed-rate account in the general account or a bond fund sub-account within the separate accounts. The objective of the asset transfer feature is to reduce our exposure to equity market risk and market volatility. Other product design features we utilize include, among others, asset allocation restrictions, minimum issuance age requirements and certain limitations on the amount of contractholder deposits. In addition, there is diversity in our fee arrangements, as certain fees are primarily based on the benefit guarantee amount, the contractholder account value and/or premiums, which helps preserve certain revenue streams when market fluctuations cause account values to decline.


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Asset Liability Management Strategy (including fixed income instruments and derivatives)

The Company's current ALM strategy utilizes a combination of both traditional fixed income instruments and derivatives to defray potential claims associated with the Company's variable annuity living benefit guarantees. The economic liability the Company manages with this ALM strategy consists of expected living benefit claims under less severe market conditions, which are managed through the accumulation of fixed income instruments, and potential living benefit claims resulting from more severe market conditions, which are hedged using derivative instruments. For the portion of the Company's ALM strategy executed with derivatives, the Company enters into a range of exchange traded, cleared, and over-the-counter (“OTC”) equity and interest rate derivatives, including, but not limited to: equity and treasury futures; total return and interest rate swaps; and options including equity options, swaptions, and floors and caps.

The valuation of the economic liability the Company seeks to defray excludes certain items that are included within the U.S. GAAP liability, such as non-performance risk (“NPR”) (in order to maximize protection irrespective of the possibility of the Company's own default), as well as risk margins (required by U.S. GAAP but different from the Company's best estimate) and valuation methodology differences. The following table provides a reconciliation between the liability reported under U.S. GAAP and the economic liability the Company intends to manage through our ALM strategy.

 
As of March 31, 2017
 
(in millions)
U.S. GAAP liability (including non-performance risk)
$
7,169

Non-performance risk adjustment
5,932

Subtotal
13,101

Adjustments including risk margins and valuation methodology differences
(4,670
)
Economic liability managed by ALM strategy
$
8,431


As of March 31, 2017, our fixed income instruments and derivative assets exceed the economic liability in which the risks reside.

For information regarding the Capital Protection Framework we use to evaluate and support the risks of the ALM strategy, see “-Liquidity and Capital Resources-Capital”, below.

Income Taxes

The Company uses a full year projected effective tax rate approach to calculate taxes at interim periods. In addition, certain items impacting total income tax expense are recorded in the periods in which they occur. The projected effective tax rate is the ratio of projected “Total income tax expense” divided by projected “Income from operations before income taxes”.

Our income tax provision amounted to an income tax expense of $117 million, or 30.9% of income from operations before income taxes in the first quarter of 2017, compared to an income tax benefit of $86 million, or 37.6% of loss from operations before income taxes in the first quarter of 2016. The Company’s current and prior effective tax rates differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 35% primarily due to non-taxable investment income.





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Liquidity and Capital Resources

This section supplements and should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Overview

Liquidity refers to the ability to generate sufficient cash resources to meet the payment obligations of the Company. Capital refers to the long-term financial resources available to support the operations of our business, fund business growth, and provide a cushion to withstand adverse circumstances. Our ability to generate and maintain sufficient liquidity and capital depends on the profitability of our business, general economic conditions, our ability to borrow from affiliates and our access to the capital markets through affiliates as described herein.

Effective and prudent liquidity and capital management is a priority across the organization. Management monitors the liquidity of Prudential Financial, Prudential Insurance and the Company on a daily basis and projects borrowing and capital needs over a multi-year time horizon through our periodic planning process. We believe that cash flows from available sources of funds are sufficient to satisfy the current liquidity requirements of Prudential Financial and the Company, including under reasonably foreseeable stress scenarios. Prudential Financial has a capital management framework in place that governs the allocation of capital and approval of capital uses. Prudential Financial and the Company also employ a “Capital Protection Framework” to ensure the availability of capital resources to maintain adequate capitalization and competitive risk-based capital ("RBC") ratios under various stress scenarios.

Prudential Financial is a “Designated Financial Company” under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("Dodd-Frank"). As a Designated Financial Company, Prudential Financial is subject to supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and to stricter prudential regulatory standards, which include or will include requirements and limitations (many of which are the subject of ongoing rule-making) relating to capital, leverage, liquidity, stress-testing, overall risk management, resolution and recovery plans, credit exposure reporting, early remediation, management interlocks, and credit concentration. They may also include standards regarding enhanced public disclosure, short-term debt limits and other related subjects. In addition, the Financial Stability Board has identified Prudential Financial as a global systemically important insurer (“G-SII”). For information on these regulatory initiatives and their potential impact on us, see "Overview-Regulatory Developments-Capital and Prudential Standards" above and “Business-Regulation” and “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Through March 31, 2016, the Company reinsured the majority of its variable annuity living benefit guarantees to its affiliated companies, Pruco Re and Prudential Insurance, in order to facilitate the capital markets hedging program for these living benefit guarantees. Effective April 1, 2016, the Company recaptured the risks related to its variable annuity living benefit guarantees that were previously reinsured to Pruco Re and Prudential Insurance. In addition, the Company reinsured variable annuity base contracts, along with the living benefit guarantees, from Pruco Life. The reinsurance agreement covers new and in force business and excludes business reinsured externally by Pruco Life. The product risks related to the reinsured business are being managed in the Company. In addition, the hedging portion of our risk management strategy related to the reinsured living benefit guarantees is being managed within the Company.

Capital

Our capital management framework is primarily based on statutory risk based capital measures. The RBC ratio is a primary measure of the capital adequacy of the Company. RBC is calculated based on statutory financial statements and risk formulas consistent with the practices of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”). RBC considers, among other things, risks related to the type and quality of the invested assets, insurance-related risks associated with an insurer’s products and liabilities, interest rate risks and general business risks. RBC ratio calculations are intended to assist insurance regulators in measuring an insurer’s solvency and ability to pay future claims. The reporting of RBC measures is not intended for the purpose of ranking any insurance company or for use in connection with any marketing, advertising or promotional activities, but is available to the public. The RBC ratio is an annual calculation, however, as of March 31, 2017 we estimate that the Company’s RBC ratio exceeds the minimum level required by applicable insurance regulations.

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The regulatory capital level of the Company can be materially impacted by interest rate and equity market fluctuations, changes in the values of derivatives, the level of impairments recorded, and credit quality migration of the investment portfolio, among other items. In addition, the recapture of business subject to reinsurance arrangements due to defaults by, or credit quality migration affecting, the reinsurers or for other reasons could negatively impact regulatory capital levels. The Company’s regulatory capital level is also affected by statutory accounting rules, which are subject to change by each applicable insurance regulator.

On December 21, 2016 the Company returned capital of $1,140 million to its parent, Prudential Annuities, Inc.

Capital Protection Framework

Prudential Financial and the Company employ a “Capital Protection Framework” (the “Framework”) to ensure that sufficient capital resources are available to maintain adequate capitalization and competitive RBC ratios and solvency margins under various stress scenarios. The Framework incorporates the potential impacts from market related stresses, including equity markets, real estate, interest rates, and credit losses.

The Framework accommodates periodic volatility within ranges that are deemed acceptable, while also providing for potential sources of capital, including on-balance sheet capital, derivatives, and contingent sources of capital. We believe we currently have access to sufficient resources, either directly, or indirectly through Prudential Financial, to maintain adequate capitalization and a competitive RBC ratio under a range of potential stress scenarios.

Affiliated Captive Reinsurance Companies

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital—Affiliated Captive Reinsurance Companies” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 for a discussion of our use of captive reinsurance companies.

Liquidity

Our liquidity is managed to ensure stable, reliable and cost-effective sources of cash flows to meet all of our obligations. Liquidity is provided by a variety of sources, as described more fully below, including portfolios of liquid assets. Our investment portfolios are integral to the overall liquidity of the Company. We use a projection process for cash flows from operations to ensure sufficient liquidity to meet projected cash outflows, including claims. The impact of Prudential Funding, LLC’s financing capacity on liquidity (as described below) is considered in the internal liquidity measures of the Company.

Liquidity is measured against internally-developed benchmarks that take into account the characteristics of both the asset portfolio and the liabilities that they support. We consider attributes of the various categories of liquid assets (for example, type of asset and credit quality) in calculating internal liquidity measures to evaluate our liquidity under various stress scenarios, including company-specific and market-wide events. We continue to believe that cash generated by ongoing operations and the liquidity profile of our assets provide sufficient liquidity under reasonably foreseeable stress scenarios.

Cash Flow

The principal sources of the Company’s liquidity are certain annuity considerations, investment and fee income, investment maturities, as well as internal borrowings. The principal uses of that liquidity include benefits, claims, and payments to policyholders and contractholders in connection with surrenders, withdrawals and net policy loan activity. Other uses of liquidity include commissions, general and administrative expenses, purchases of investments, the payment of dividends to the parent holding company, hedging activity and payments in connection with financing activities.

Liquid Assets

Liquid assets include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and fixed maturities that are not designated as held-to-maturity, and public equity securities. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had liquid assets of $12.5 billion and $12.3 billion, respectively. The portion of liquid assets comprised of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments was $2.7 billion and $2.8 billion as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. As of March 31, 2017, $9.3 billion, or 96%, of the fixed maturity investments in Company general account portfolios, were rated high or highest quality based on NAIC or equivalent rating. The remaining $0.4 billion, or 4%, of these fixed maturity investments were rated other than high or highest quality.


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Prudential Financial and Prudential Funding, LLC, "Prudential Funding", a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Insurance, borrow funds in the capital markets primarily through the direct issuance of commercial paper. The borrowings serve as an additional source of financing to meet our working capital needs. Prudential Funding operates under a support agreement with Prudential Insurance whereby Prudential Insurance has agreed to maintain Prudential Funding’s positive tangible net worth at all times.

Hedging activities associated with living benefit guarantees

As noted above, effective April 1, 2016, the hedging portion of our risk management strategy associated with the living benefit guarantees recaptured from Pruco Re and Prudential Insurance, as well as the living benefit guarantees reinsured from Pruco Life is being managed within the Company.

For the portion of the ALM strategy executed through hedging, we enter into a range of exchange-traded, cleared and other OTC equity and interest rate derivatives in order to hedge certain living benefit guarantees accounted for as embedded derivatives against changes in certain capital market risks above a designated threshold. The portion of the ALM strategy comprising the hedging portion requires access to liquidity to meet its payment obligations relating to these derivatives, such as payments for periodic settlements, purchases, maturities and terminations. These liquidity needs can vary materially due to, among other items, changes in interest rates, equity markets, mortality and policyholder behavior.

The hedging portion of the ALM strategy may also result in collateral postings on derivatives to or from counterparties. The net collateral position depends on changes in interest rates and equity markets related to the amount of the exposures hedged. Depending on market conditions, the collateral posting requirements can result in material liquidity needs.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of fluctuations in the value of financial instruments as a result of absolute or relative changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices or commodity prices. To varying degrees, our products and services, and the investment activities supporting them, generate exposure to market risk. The market risk incurred, and our strategies for managing this risk, vary by product. As of March 31, 2017, there have been no material changes in our economic exposure to market risk from December 31, 2016, a description of which may be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. See Item 1A, “Risk Factors” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, for a discussion of how difficult conditions in the financial markets and the economy generally may materially adversely affect our business and results of our operations.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

In order to ensure that the information we must disclose in our filings with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis, the Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the “Exchange Act”, as amended, as of March 31, 2017. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of March 31, 2017, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. No change in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f), occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



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PART II
OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Financial Statements under “—Litigation and Regulatory Matters” for a description of certain pending litigation and regulatory matters affecting us, and certain risks to our businesses presented by such matters, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the risks described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. These risks could materially affect our business, results of operations or financial condition, or cause our actual results to differ materially from those expected or those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company. These risks are not exclusive, and additional risks to which we are subject include, but are not limited to, the factors mentioned under “Forward-Looking Statements” above and the risks of our businesses described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


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Item 6. Exhibits

31.1
Section 302 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer.
 
 
31.2
Section 302 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer.
 
 
32.1
Section 906 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer.
 
 
32.2
Section 906 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer.
 
 
101.INS-XBRL
Instance Document.
 
 
101.SCH-XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 
 
101.CAL-XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.LAB-XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.PRE-XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.DEF-XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

PRUDENTIAL ANNUITIES LIFE ASSURANCE CORPORATION
 
 
By:
 
/s/    John Chieffo
 
 
John Chieffo
 
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
(Authorized Signatory and Principal Financial Officer)
Date: May 11, 2017


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