UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

(Mark One)

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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016

Or

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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

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For the transition period from           to         

Commission File No. 001-36640

Travelport Worldwide Limited

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Axis One, Axis Park
Langley, Berkshire, SL3 8AG, United Kingdom
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

+44-1753-288-000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: None.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every interactive data file required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.  Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐ No ☒

As of June 30, 2016, the aggregate market value of the Registrant’s common shares held by non-affiliates was $1,482,545,284 based on the closing pricing of its common shares on the New York Stock Exchange. Solely for the purpose of the foregoing calculation only, all directors and executive officers of the Registrant are assumed to be “affiliates” of the Registrant. As of February 20, 2017, there were 124,082,833 shares of the Registrant’s common shares, par value $0.0025 per share, outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be mailed to stockholders in connection with the Registrant’s annual stockholders’ meeting scheduled to be held on June 16, 2017 (the “Annual Proxy Statement”) are incorporated by reference into Part III hereof.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The forward-looking statements contained herein involve risks and uncertainties. Many of the statements appear, in particular, in the sections entitled “Business”, “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. Forward-looking statements identify prospective information. Important factors could cause actual results to differ, possibly materially, from those in the forward-looking statements. In some cases you can identify forward-looking statements by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “potential,” “should,” “will” and “would” or other similar words. You should read statements that contain these words carefully because they discuss our future priorities, goals, strategies, actions to improve business performance, market growth assumptions and expectations, new products, product pricing, changes to our business processes, future business opportunities, capital expenditures, financing needs, financial position and other information that is not historical information. References within this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “we,” “our,” “us” or “Travelport” refer to Travelport Worldwide Limited, a Bermuda company, and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The following list represents some, but not necessarily all, of the factors that could cause actual results to differ from historical results of continuing operations or those anticipated or predicted by these forward-looking statements:

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factors affecting the level of travel activity, particularly air travel volume, including security concerns, pandemics, general economic conditions, natural disasters and other disruptions;

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our ability to obtain travel provider inventory from travel providers, such as airlines, hotels, car rental companies, cruise-lines and other travel providers;

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our ability to maintain existing relationships with travel agencies and to enter into new relationships on acceptable financial and other terms;

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our ability to develop and deliver products and services that are valuable to travel agencies and travel providers and generate new revenue streams;

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the impact on travel provider capacity and inventory resulting from consolidation of the airline industry;

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our ability to grow adjacencies, such as payment and mobile solutions;

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general economic and business conditions in the markets in which we operate, including fluctuations in currencies, particularly in the U.S. dollar, and the economic conditions in the eurozone;

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the impact on business conditions worldwide as a result of political decisions, including the United Kingdom’s (“U.K.”) decision to leave the European Union (“E.U.”);

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pricing, regulatory and other trends in the travel industry;

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the impact our outstanding indebtedness may have on the way we operate our business;

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our ability to achieve expected cost savings from our efforts to improve operational and technological efficiency, including through our consolidation of multiple technology vendors and locations and the centralization of activities; and

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maintenance and protection of our information technology and intellectual property.

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We caution you that the foregoing list of important factors may not contain all of the factors that are important to you. In addition, in light of these risks and uncertainties, the matters referred to in the forward-looking statements contained in this report may not in fact occur.

Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results, and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times at, or by which, such performance or results will be achieved. Forward-looking information is based on information available at the time and/or management’s good faith belief with respect to future events and is subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in the statements. The factors listed

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in the section captioned “Risk Factors” in this Annual report on Form 10-K, provide examples of risks, uncertainties and events that may cause actual results to differ materially from the expectations described in the forward-looking statements. You should be aware that the occurrence of the events described in these risk factors and elsewhere in this report could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date the statements are made. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect thereto or with respect to other forward-looking statements. For any forward-looking statements contained in any document, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

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PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Overview

We are a leading travel commerce platform providing distribution, technology, payment, mobile and other solutions for the global travel and tourism industry. We facilitate travel commerce by connecting the world’s leading travel providers, such as airlines and hotel chains with online and offline travel agencies and other travel buyers in our proprietary business-to-business (“B2B”) travel commerce platform (our Travel Commerce Platform). We processed approximately $79 billion of travel spending in 2016. Our geographically dispersed footprint allows travel providers to generate high yielding and incremental global demand for their perishable and capital intensive travel inventory from customers living in non-domestic, or away, markets, in addition to serving their domestic, or home, markets. As travel industry needs evolve, we continue to invest in our Travel Commerce Platform, developing new technology solutions to better serve our customers by redefining the electronic distribution and merchandising of airline core and ancillary products, as well as extending our reach into the growing world of travel commerce beyond air, including to hotel, car rental, rail, cruise-line and tour operators. In addition, we leveraged our domain expertise in the travel industry to design a unique and pioneering B2B payment solution that addresses the need of travel agencies to efficiently and securely make payments to travel providers globally. We also provide a wide range of digital and mobile services that allow airlines, hotels, corporate travel management companies and travel agencies to engage with their customers through mobile services, including apps, corporate booking tools, mobile web and mobile messaging. Through our global reach in approximately 180 countries and territories, distinct merchandising suite with capabilities for value-added content and enhanced user experience, we offer a strong value proposition not only to travel providers, travel agencies and corporations, but also to end travelers. Our primarily transaction-based pricing model links our revenue to global travel passenger volume rather than travel spending, thus creating a stable and recurring business model with high revenue visibility.

Our Travel Commerce Platform connects travel providers and travel buyers, the latter of which includes travel agencies, travel management companies (“TMCs”) and corporations. The diagram below illustrates our central role in global travel commerce as a provider of high value, real-time distribution services:

We believe that our Travel Commerce Platform combines state-of-the-art technology with industry leading features, functionality and innovative solutions to address the high-volume and growing transaction processing requirements for the evolving needs of the travel industry. In 2016, our systems processed up to 4 billion travel related system messages per day and approximately 18 billion Application Programming

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Interface (“API”) calls per month. Our advanced search technology aggregates global travel content, filters it through sophisticated search algorithms and presents it in a transparent and efficient workflow for travel agencies, enabling them to create and modify multi-content, multi-modular complex itineraries, issue travel documents, process millions of booking transactions and invoices and transfer secure, cost-effective and automated payments, all on a graphically rich, single user interface.

From 2012 to 2016, we strategically invested over $1 billion in technology with a focus on redefining our Travel Commerce Platform to address the trends, inefficiencies and unmet needs of all components of the travel value chain: Air and Beyond Air, which include distribution and merchandising solutions for hotel, car rental, rail, cruise-line and tour operators, B2B travel payments, digital services, advertising and an array of additional platform services. For Air, we have transformed the traditional Global Distribution System (“GDS”) concept, which had very limited ancillary sales capabilities, into an open platform with Extensible Markup Language (“XML”) connectivity and a graphically rich, single user interface to enable marketing and sales of not only full air content, but also full ancillary content. For Beyond Air, in addition to chain hotel content, we have added independent hotel inventory, previously rarely booked through the intermediary channel, to a global network of travel agencies through our meta-search technology, which combines search results from multiple sources and have given hotels the ability to display their full range of rates and packages in a one-stop booking portal. We have also pioneered a secure, cost-effective and automated B2B payment alternative to the traditional inefficient and costly methods for travel agencies to pay travel providers. Our digital strategy and value propositions focus on improving the end-to-end customer experience through the provision of innovative digital travel solutions to all of our customers, including through Travelport Locomote’s corporate travel platform and our innovative mobile travel solutions for airlines, TMCs and travel agencies. Our Travel Commerce Platform creates synergies and network effects that facilitate revenue growth across the travel value chain. The chart below demonstrates the ways in which our Travel Commerce Platform identified, addressed and redefined key elements of the travel value chain that are fully or partially unaddressed by traditional GDS providers:

Our Travel Commerce Platform Addresses the Evolving Needs of Our Industry

We provide air distribution services to approximately 400 airlines globally, including approximately 125 low cost carriers (“LCCs”). We distribute ancillaries for approximately 100 airlines. In addition, we secure

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content from numerous Beyond Air travel providers, including approximately 650,000 hotel properties (of which over 500,000 are independent hotel properties), over 37,000 car rental locations, over 50 cruise-line and tour operators and 14 major rail networks worldwide. We aggregate travel content across approximately 68,000 travel agency locations representing over 234,000 online and offline travel agency terminals worldwide, which in turn serve millions of end consumers globally. In 2016, we handled approximately 340 million segments sold by travel agencies and sold over 65 million hotel room nights and over 94 million car rental days. Our Travel Commerce Platform provides real-time search, pricing, booking, change, payment and integrated itinerary creation for travelers who use the services of online and offline travel agencies for both leisure and business travel. Our access to business travelers, merchandising capabilities and ability to process complex itineraries attracted and allowed for the full integration of several fast-growing LCCs such as AirAsia, easyJet, IndiGo and Ryanair into our Travel Commerce Platform.

Through eNett International (Jersey) Limited (“eNett”), our majority-owned subsidiary and an early adopter in automated payments, we are redefining how travel agencies pay travel providers. When a consumer purchases an itinerary through a travel agency, the consumer pays using a variety of mechanisms, including cash, direct debit and credit card. Generally, the consumer makes one payment for the entire itinerary of flights, hotels and ground services, such as transfers. The travel agency then remits the individual payments to each travel provider. eNett’s core offering is a payment solution that automatically generates unique Mastercard numbers used to process payments globally. Before eNett, travel payments were primarily settled in cash and exposed payers to risks of fraud, delays and costly reconciliations. The Virtual Account Number (“VAN”) solution is integrated into all of our point of sale systems and exclusively utilizes the Mastercard network pursuant to a long-term agreement. eNett’s operations currently focus on Asia Pacific and Europe, and we believe the model is highly scalable. We have expanded beyond the core hospitality sector into air travel, including LCCs, with further opportunities for growth in other sectors of the travel industry. eNett was formed in 2009, and eNett’s net revenue has grown from $2 million in 2011 to $150 million in 2016.

Through Locomote Holdings Pty Limited (“Travelport Locomote”), we have significantly strengthened our offering to both corporates and TMCs from an end-to-end customer experience perspective. Travelport Locomote is a corporate travel platform that empowers travel managers to drive change and achieve efficiencies. Travelport Locomote creates seamless experiences and integrated solutions from approval management to cost savings to duty of care. Customers control the entire travel program, enabling greater insight into travel expenditure. The Travelport Locomote platform uses Travelport’s Universal Profile, Universal Record, travel policy engine and our Travelport Universal API, from which it obtains real time access to our content, which includes LCCs and network carriers, airline ancillary products, car rental and the broad range of hotel properties and rates that we distribute. The platform has further been developed to enable easy integration of third-party, complementary applications that an individual corporation might want to add to its travel and/or authorization processes, including multiple expense management systems, corporate booking tools and other add-on services, all within the same corporate user experience, workflow and data management capabilities.

Following our acquisition of Mobile Travel Technologies Ltd. (now, Travelport Digital Limited) (“Travelport Digital”) in July 2015, we also provide innovative digital travel solutions for airlines, TMCs and travel agencies. Travelport Digital’s solutions are used worldwide to improve the end-to-end mobile travel experience and increase the value of every interaction with every customer via sophisticated apps and mobile services across smartphones, tablets and wearables. In addition to industry-leading travel apps, Travelport Digital provides advanced mobile services, including real-time mobile messaging, day-of-travel solutions and ancillary upsell opportunities. Travelport Digital’s solutions also enable airlines and travel companies to create new revenue opportunities through ancillary upsell and improved conversion rates as a result of high-end design and more personalized experiences via mobile.

In addition to hospitality, payment solutions and digital services, we utilize the broad connections and extensive data managed by our Travel Commerce Platform to provide advertising solutions to over 3,000 advertisers that allow our travel providers to easily and cost-effectively promote upgrades, ancillary products or services, package deals and other offers. We also offer other platform services, including subscription services, processing services, business intelligence data services and marketing-oriented analytical tools, to travel agencies, travel providers and other travel data users.

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We provide critical IT solutions to airlines, such as pricing, shopping, ticketing, ground handling and other services, enabling them to focus on their core business competencies and reduce costs. We also host reservations, inventory management and other related systems for Delta Air Lines Inc. (“Delta”) and run the system infrastructure for the Delta platform in our Atlanta data center under a long-term agreement. We refer to these solutions and services as “Technology Services.” In addition, as of December 31, 2016, we own a 51% controlling interest in IGT Solutions Private Ltd. (“IGTS”), a Gurgaon, India-based technology development company. We recently signed an agreement to divest our 51% interest in IGTS.

We believe we are the most geographically balanced participant in the travel distribution industry. In 2016, we generated $2,230 million in Travel Commerce Platform revenue, of which 73% is international (with 23% from Asia Pacific, 32% from Europe, 5% from Latin America and Canada and 13% from the Middle East and Africa) and 27% is from the United States. Our geographically dispersed footprint helps insulate us from particular country or regional instability, allows for optimal IT efficiency and enhances our value proposition to travel providers. We are well positioned to capture higher value business from travel providers operating in away markets, which results in higher per transaction revenue for both us and the travel providers we serve. As of December 31, 2016, we served approximately 180 countries and territories through our extensive global network of 60 sales and marketing offices (“SMOs”) and a diverse workforce of approximately 4,000 full-time employees and an additional approximately 1,000 employees at IGTS as of December 31, 2016.

We have a recurring, primarily transaction-based, revenue model. As an asset-light company, we do not take airline, hotel or other inventory risk, and we are not directly exposed to fuel price volatility or labor unions like our travel providers. Our recurring, transaction-based revenue model is primarily driven by discrete travel events such as Air or Beyond Air segments booked rather than the price of the booking, meaning we benefit from an increase in total global travel without being exposed to price changes. However, our results, like others in our industry, are dependent upon various levels of travel activity, particularly air travel as well as our ability to obtain travel provider inventories, our ability to maintain existing relationships with travel agencies and our ability to deliver desired products and services.

Our ability to offer broad, high-quality and multi-product content on a single user interface encourages those booking travel to purchase additional products and services beyond the original Air or Beyond segment. For example, for every 100 air tickets sold in 2016, 47 hospitality segments were sold, which has grown from 34 hospitality segments sold for every 100 air tickets sold in 2010. The merchandising of additional products and services increases our revenue per transaction, and, consequently, we measure performance primarily on the basis of increases in both Reported Segments and RevPas (including Air and Beyond Air segments). Our recurring, transaction-based revenue model combined with high-quality content availability (which encourages incremental services booked with each transaction), our investment in our distribution and payment solutions technology and digital services and our multi-year contracts with travel providers and travel agents enabled us to grow our RevPas in each of the last 20 quarters on a year-over-year basis. We increased our RevPas from $5.11 in the first quarter of 2011 to $6.67 in the fourth quarter of 2016.

Our management team, led by industry leader Gordon Wilson, our Chief Executive Officer, has been spearheading a shift in our corporate strategy to focus on the trends, inefficiencies and unmet needs of all components of the travel value chain and defined a strategy to transform our business from a traditional GDS to a next generation travel commerce platform. Since refocusing our strategy in 2012, we have experienced revenue growth from airline fees, hospitality, advertising, payments and digital services and launched our Travelport Merchandising Suite. We grew our Beyond Air revenue by 16% between 2014 and 2015 and 18% between 2015 and 2016.

Company History

On September 30, 2014, we completed our initial public offering, and our common shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “TVPT.”

We were incorporated in 2006 in Bermuda. Our principal executive offices are located at Axis One, Axis Park, Langley, Berkshire SL3 8AG, United Kingdom and our telephone number is +44-1753-288-000.

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We continually explore, prepare for and evaluate possible transactions, including acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures and other arrangements, to ensure we have the most efficient and effective capital structure and/or to maximize the value of the enterprise. No assurance can be given with respect to the timing, likelihood or effect of any possible transactions.

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe that several aspects of our strategy fundamentally differentiate us from our competitors, including our focus on redefining travel distribution and commerce instead of investing in more capital and labor intensive airline and hospitality related IT solutions, our fast growing Beyond Air portfolio, including our automated B2B payments solution and digital services with large addressable markets and our emphasis on a value-based partnership approach with travel providers that allows us to increase revenue and profitability per Reported Segment. The following attributes describe in further detail how we differentiate ourselves from our competitors.

Our Travel Commerce Platform Addresses the Evolving Needs of Travel Providers, Agencies, Corporations and Travelers

Travel providers need flexible systems to distribute and merchandise their increasingly sophisticated core products and broadening offerings of ancillary products and services. We offer them a portfolio of industry-leading, value-add tools to increase revenue, lower costs and efficiently reach travel buyers globally in every channel. Our global reach allows travel providers to display and sell products in approximately 180 countries and territories and across approximately 68,000 travel agency locations representing over 234,000 online and offline travel agency terminals worldwide. Our Travel Commerce Platform enables travel providers to (i) extend their distribution by broadening their geographic reach to away markets and connects them with higher value business travelers, (ii) access higher yielding ticket prices from long-haul segments, room rates, complex itineraries and business travelers and (iii) encourage travelers to purchase ancillary services and/or upgrade or upsell travelers through our highly-differentiated Travelport Merchandising Suite.

Our Travelport Merchandising Suite, consisting of three distinct solutions—Travelport Aggregated Shopping, Travelport Ancillary Services and Travelport Rich Content and Branding—offers a range of sophisticated travel sales and marketing capabilities in collaboration with airlines. These solutions allow airlines to promote their products and services to the right buyers, at the right time and in the right place. Travelport Aggregated Shopping allows travel agencies to efficiently and directly compare results from network carriers, who deliver data through the traditional industry standard ATPCO, which regularly updates traditional GDSs, with those from LCCs and other carriers who use an API connection to deliver data directly and in real time to us. Travelport Ancillary Services allow travel agencies to sell airline ancillaries, such as checked baggage, premium seats and lounge passes, directly through their existing interface rather than needing to book separately on an airline’s website. Travelport Rich Content and Branding allows airlines to more effectively control how their flights and ancillaries are visually presented and described on travel agency screens, bringing the display more in line with the airlines’ own website. This is especially valuable to airlines given the increasing importance of ancillary revenue for profitability and allows travel agencies to sell more effectively. The benefits also are available to customers connected to the Travelport Universal API. This means that online travel agencies (“OTAs”), corporate booking tool providers or other travel consultants, who are designing their own customized user interfaces, can still understand an airline’s full value proposition, including its branded fares and ancillaries, in the same way as a customer connected to Travelport’s point of sale solution, Travelport Smartpoint, would. Our ability to help travel providers and travel agencies increase their revenue reinforces the value proposition of our Travel Commerce Platform when compared to alternative distribution channels, and is a key part of our strategy to change our relationship with travel providers from cost-focused to value-focused.

Our leading access to global travel provider content helps attract more travel agencies, both online and offline, as well as corporations and self-serve travelers, onto our platform, which in turn drives greater value for the travel providers, increasing their addressable customer base. Our leading point of sale solutions, such as Travelport Smartpoint, along with Travelport Branded Fares and Ancillaries, provide travel agencies with greater choice and detailed information on key differences between the products and services offered by

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travel providers, allowing them to provide more valuable insights to their customers, higher levels of customer service and improved sales productivity. Travelport Smartpoint is Travelport’s innovative point of sale solution that allows travel consultants to more effectively advise their customers about the entire range of products, optional services and offers available from the travel providers Travelport distributes, with fully interactive, graphical screen displays and real time booking. Travelport Smartpoint provides upselling and cross-selling opportunities through the integration of Travelport’s Rich Content and Branding merchandising solution for airlines. In addition, Travelport Smartpoint mirrors for travel agents the experience of consumers booking hotel and car rental online by allowing them to access enhanced features including pictures, comparisons and maps, all within the same workflow. This allows travelers to be better informed of the products available to them, the options that might exist, the cost of enhanced products and the ancillary products available to buy, to tailor their journey to their specific requirements. Utilization of our leading Travelport Smartpoint point of sale simplifies highly complex, high volume operations, freeing up more time for travel agencies to focus on the selling process.

In addition, our Travel Commerce Platform reduces operating costs for travel agencies by offering a single point of access to broad global travel content and by integrating critical data for back office, accounting and corporate customer reporting. Furthermore, our Travel Commerce Platform gives travelers a quick and easy way to compare a multitude of available travel options and obtain the true cost of a desired itinerary, buy ancillaries directly after the core booking has been made and provides greater control over itineraries through an option to add features at later stages in the travel process.

Fast Growing Portfolio of Beyond Air Initiatives

Our Travel Commerce Platform provides us with a foundation to offer a fast growing portfolio of additional products and services, which in turn results in additional revenue. Our Beyond Air portfolio includes distribution and merchandising solutions for hotel, car rental, rail, cruise-line and tour operators, payment solutions, digital services, advertising and other platform services.

Based on our estimates, we are the fourth largest third-party distributor of hotel nights, and we sold over 65 million room nights in 2016. Independent hotels were largely unaddressed by the GDS industry, which we integrate on one platform by combining the content from chain hotels captured by the traditional GDSs with independent hotel content our system accesses through our meta-search technology. In particular, our B2B solution, Travelport Rooms and More, is a single user interface that combines detailed product insights with meta-search functionality to deliver a fully-integrated hotel booking platform to travel agencies. Travelport Rooms and More captures highly fragmented content in one interface (including approximately 650,000 hotel properties) by combining content from large global OTAs with that from aggregators specializing in a particular geographic area. This streamlined and efficient interface also enables travel agencies to more easily upsell hotel content in a single, consistent and efficient workflow and user experience, as well as a new business travel booking app.

In June 2014, we acquired Travelport Hotelzon, a B2B hotel distribution technology provider, as part of our ongoing strategy to strengthen our hotel offering to both corporations and TMCs and make booking independent hotels easier for business travelers, including unmanaged travelers who do not use travel agencies. Many hotel bookings, especially for independent hotel properties, are still being booked direct by business travelers themselves, and this acquisition was designed to provide both corporations, and Travelport-connected travel agencies, with a best-in-class booking tool with extensive independent hotel content, complementing the extensive hotel chain content that has been in our system for many years. In turn, this also enables corporations to more easily track their employees while on business travel as part of their duty of care responsibilities. Since the acquisition, we have further invested in the Travelport Hotelzon’s technology and enhanced it with a user-friendly extranet that is uniquely positioned to capture independent hotels and privately negotiated corporate hotel rates that are provided to corporations.

We are an early adopter in automated B2B payments and are redefining payments from travel agencies to travel providers. We have pioneered a new class of payments for the unmet needs of the travel industry that is focused on replacing cash and other payment methods with secure virtual pre-funded payment cards. eNett’s innovative, cost-efficient and secure travel payment solutions offer a strong value proposition to travel agencies and travel providers, including providing them with full flexibility, lower administrative cost due to significantly reduced time spent on reconciliation, rewards to travel agencies with incentive payments

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based on payment volumes and a lower spread for foreign currency payments. eNett exclusively utilizes Mastercard under a long-term arrangement, giving unparalleled access to the payment systems of virtually all the world’s travel providers who accept Mastercard as a form of payment. We believe the model is highly scalable as we expand beyond the core hospitality sector into air travel, including LCCs, as well as other sectors of the travel industry. We estimate that there is approximately $2 trillion of direct spending on travel annually, approximately $910 billion of which is booked through the indirect channel, and payment is made from travel agencies to travel providers.

In July 2015, we acquired Travelport Digital and now provide a mobile travel platform and digital product set that allows travel providers and travel agencies to engage with their customers through sophisticated, tailored mobile services, including apps, mobile web and intelligent mobile messaging.

Through Travelport Locomote, we provide a corporate travel platform that empowers travel managers to drive change and achieve efficiencies. Travelport Locomote creates seamless experiences and integrated solutions from approval management to cost savings to duty of care. Customers control the entire travel program, enabling greater insight into travel expenditure.

In addition to hospitality, payment solutions and digital services, we utilize the broad connections and extensive data managed by our Travel Commerce Platform to provide advertising solutions to over 3,000 advertisers, which includes, among others, travel providers who use our advertising solutions to easily and cost-effectively promote upgrades, ancillary products or services, package deals and other offers and, as a result, more effectively merchandise their products and services to targeted customers. We give advertisers direct access to a captive professional audience across approximately 68,000 travel agency locations representing over 234,000 online and offline travel agency terminals worldwide, with a full-time focus on global travel bookings and cover all main domestic and international travel flows. In 2016, we generated approximately 8 billion advertising impressions. Our improved, graphically rich point of sale solutions provide increased capabilities and advertising space to display banner advertisements, add click through functionality and market ancillary products through our user interface.

Innovative, Flexible and Scalable Open Technology Platform Tailored to Meet Evolving Industry Needs

Through our industry-leading technology platform, we have been able to maintain our position at the forefront of innovation by meeting the global demands of our travel agents and travel providers for speed, flexibility and convergence. Our technology-enabled solutions offer rich content through accessible distribution channels, such as Travelport Smartpoint. To address unmet industry needs, we made significant strategic investments in innovative technology over the last four years, and we continue to invest in developing new technologies, platforms and ideas, all on an open and accessible platform that delivers expansive content and improves service. Our open connectivity approach allows for fully-flexible access to content and services across a range of delivery mechanisms, from XML protocols to more traditional industry sources such as ATPCO. Our open platform allows us to pull together content delivered from multiple sources into a cohesive display for the travel buyer, enabling search, comparison, reservation and payment across multiple providers. We deliver our content and functionality through state-of-the-art point of sale tools or via our own Travelport Universal API, which enables the flexibility for travel agencies and intermediaries to design customized user interfaces. In 2016, a broad network of approximately 1,700 developers utilized our Travelport Universal API, to create their own applications and increase the robustness of our systems. Our point of sale tools are device agnostic, allowing travel agents to access our platform via internet connection on a desktop or a variety of mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets. Travel consultants connecting to the Travelport Universal API also can access the same rich product descriptions and graphics, branded fare and ancillary content available in Travelport Rich Content and Branding. In 2016, our systems processed up to 4 billion travel related system messages per day and approximately 18 billion API calls per month with 99.985% core system uptime using approximately 16,000 physical and virtual servers and had total storage capacity of over 15 petabytes. In addition, we operate our own in-house data center.

In recognition of the advantages provided by our open platform, we were the first among our competitors to offer Delta Air Lines’ full range of seating products. In addition, starting in 2013, we offered Travelport Aggregated Shopping through XML connectivity to airline content, which has enabled and encouraged leading LCCs such as AirAsia, easyJet, IndiGo and Ryanair to join our fully integrated Travel

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Commerce Platform. In 2013, we launched an innovative Travelport Merchandising Suite to enhance user experience and focus on the sale of ancillary products and services, which are becoming increasingly important for airlines’ profitability. In the hospitality industry, we were the first GDS to our knowledge to offer a one-stop portal for hotel content distribution powered by “meta-search” technology.

Resilient, Recurring, Transaction-based Business Model with High Revenue Visibility and Strong Cash Flow Generation

Our operations are primarily founded on a transaction-based business model that ties our revenue to travel providers’ transaction volumes rather than the price paid by a consumer for airfare, hotel rooms or other travel products and services booked through our systems. Travel related businesses with volume-based revenue models have generally shown strong visibility, predictability and resilience across economic cycles because travel providers have historically sought to maintain traveler volumes by reducing prices in an economic downturn.

In general, our business is characterized by multi-year travel provider and travel agency contracts. Our base distribution agreements with travel providers are open-ended or rollover unless specifically terminated. In 2016, we had 66 planned airline contract renewals, and we successfully renewed substantially all such contracts. We currently have 59 and 36 planned airline contract renewals in 2017 and 2018, respectively, including contracts which rollover on an annual basis. We also enter into contracts with travel buyers, such as travel agencies and corporate travel departments. A meaningful portion of our travel buyer agreements, representing approximately 18% of our revenue on average, are up for renewal in any given year. The length of our contracts, as well as the transaction-based and recurring nature of our revenue, provides high revenue visibility going forward.

We generate strong cash flows on a consistent basis, with net cash provided by operating activities of $299 million and $262 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Drivers of our cash flows benefit from relatively modest capital expenditure requirements and attractive working capital position. Furthermore, the diversity of our business provides us with multiple independent revenue streams from various markets and channels that lessen the impact of potential strategic and geographic shifts within the industry. These characteristics, combined with the contractual nature of our revenue and costs, our leading industry position and our long-standing customer relationships provide for a strong and predictable stream of cash flows.

Balanced Global Footprint with Longstanding Relationships

We believe we are the most geographically balanced participant in the travel distribution industry. In 2016, we generated $2,230 million in Travel Commerce Platform revenue, of which 73% is international (with 23% from Asia Pacific, 32% from Europe, 5% from Latin America and Canada and 13% from the Middle East and Africa), and 27% is from the United States. Our geographically dispersed footprint helps insulate us from particular country or regional instability, allows for optimal IT efficiency and enhances our value proposition to travel providers. We are well positioned to capture higher value business from travel providers operating in away markets, which results in higher per transaction revenue for both us and the travel providers we serve. This strategically diversified geographic footprint allows us to focus on higher value transactions in the international travel segment. Our balanced network positions us well to benefit from global industry growth, while lessening the impact of potential geographic shifts within the industry. Our footprint also positions us as the challenger to the industry leader for air segments processed in each geographic region and provides us opportunities to grow our share.

We also have highly diversified, strong, long-standing relationships with both our travel providers and travel buyers. None of our travel buyers or travel providers accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016. Our top 15 travel providers (by 2016 revenue) have been with us for more than ten years on average.

Proven and Motivated Management Team with Deep Travel Industry Expertise

Our management team has extensive travel industry experience and is committed to improving and maintaining operational excellence by utilizing their in-depth knowledge of the travel and technology industries. Their dedication and excellence has been demonstrated by improving our key business metrics

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and our capital structure improvements. Our management team’s compensation structure directly incentivizes them to improve business performance and profitability. Members of management currently own approximately 1.6% of our outstanding common shares (approximately 6.1% on a fully diluted basis assuming the vesting of existing equity awards).

Our management team is supported by a skilled, diverse, motivated and global workforce, comprised of approximately 4,000 full-time employees and an additional approximately 1,000 employees at IGTS as of December 31, 2016. By investing in training and skills development for our employees, we seek to develop leaders with broad knowledge of our company, the industry, technology and customer-specific needs. We also hire externally as needed to bring in new expertise. Our combination of deep industry and company experience combined with the fresh perspective and insight of new hires across our management team creates a solid foundation for driving our business to success, profitability and industry leadership.

Our Growth Strategies

We believe we are well positioned for future growth. Our balanced geographic footprint aligns us with anticipated industry growth across geographies, and we expect trends such as the increasing importance of ancillary revenue, the need by travel providers to personalize their offers to travelers, expansion by LCCs into the business travel industry, continued penetration by GDSs into hospitality distribution and growth of B2B travel advertising to further underpin our growth. We continue to leverage our domain expertise and relationships with travel providers to grow eNett and Travelport Digital. We will continue to evaluate and pursue strategic acquisition opportunities that enhance our Travel Commerce Platform. Our strategic capital investments, current product portfolio and strategic positioning enable us to benefit from industry trends, and we intend to capitalize further on these industry trends by focusing on the following initiatives:

Driving Beyond Air Innovation and Growth

Our Beyond Air portfolio includes fast growing hospitality, advertising, payment solutions and digital services. Given growth rates and the underpenetrated nature of these areas, we believe we can grow our Beyond Air portfolio at a multiple to overall travel industry growth by continuing to strategically invest in the development of state-of-the-art capabilities in order to achieve a leading industry position.

Payments: Our strategy for eNett is to continue growing the scale of the business through further investment in operational capabilities, new products, sales and marketing and targeted geographic expansion. We plan to capitalize on our early adopter advantage to capture “white space” given the travel industry’s previously unmet needs for a secure and efficient payment solution. Our Travel Commerce Platform allows us to leverage our extensive network of travel agencies to grow the penetration rate for eNett payments.

Hospitality: Through our leading meta-search capabilities, we are increasing our presence among independent hotels. In addition, we provide superior chain hotel content to OTAs relative to our competitors by providing direct XML connectivity. Our strategy to grow in hospitality distribution is also focused on delivering corporate access to aggregated hotel content, including both chain and independent hotels through a single point of sale.

The Travelport Hotelzon solution also works well when a corporate hotel booking is not an ‘add on’ to an air booking, which is particularly the case for travel within Continental Europe, where many business trips actually take place in the traveler’s home country or to bordering countries, and trains and cars are often the preferred method of transport rather than flights. Through Travelport Hotelzon’s technology, privately negotiated rates for corporations can be added and accessed directly by the corporation and its employees.

Car: Our strategy is to continue to build on our extensive content offering for travel agency customers. Our travel agency customers have access to more choice of car content, as well as the ability to search and book content from smaller regional car rental companies.

Advertising: Our strategy is to focus on the B2B advertising opportunity by targeting travel agencies. Hotel advertising will remain our core offering, but other advertising categories (especially air) also represent areas for growth, which we believe we are well positioned to capitalize on through our Travel Commerce Platform.

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Digital: We provide travel companies with a mobile travel platform and digital product set that allows airlines, hotels, corporate travel management companies and travel agencies to engage with their customers through mobile services, including apps, mobile web and mobile messaging.

Travelport Locomote offers a corporate travel platform that empowers travel managers to drive change and achieve program efficiencies. Travelport Locomote is more than an online booking tool and provides a range of app-powered workflows that consolidate the entire travel lifecycle.

Expand Air Platform

We are well positioned in both the high-value, complex segment of air travel distribution, as well as the growing LCC segment, which is characterized by its larger number of business travelers, complex itineraries and international bookings. Our strategy to grow our Air platform focuses on providing state-of-the-art solutions to address the changing manner in which airlines are positioning and selling their products and services.

We intend to focus on the following strategies to drive Air growth:

Growth through Retailing and Merchandising Capabilities: In order to address the growing importance for travel providers of flexible systems to distribute and merchandise their increasingly sophisticated core products and broadening offerings of ancillary products, we have heavily invested in our Travelport Merchandising Suite to more effectively market and sell products and services. The Travelport Merchandising Suite, which includes our Rich Content and Branding airline merchandising solutions, integrates XML content with traditional content in a graphically rich, single user interface and, together with our sourced travel content, including air, hotels and car rental options, is fully accessible to all customers and channels. These customers include our global network of offline travel agencies, as well as OTAs, corporate travelers who prefer to self-serve and use corporate booking tools and developers who are part of our developer community. The online channel is able to connect to this content and functionality via our Travelport Universal API.

Our Rich Content and Branding airline merchandising solutions allow for more flexible and effective distribution and merchandising of both core travel content and ancillary products and services, resulting in a higher value proposition for both network carriers and LCCs, while facilitating travel agencies to upsell more content efficiently. As of December 31, 2016, we have over 210 airlines utilizing our Rich Content and Branding solution with approximately a further 20 more contracted. We will continue to target additional airlines with this solution suite. In addition, increasing the sale of ancillaries through our platform not only results in additional transaction revenue, but also helps us attract new content from carriers. We intend to continuously invest in our retailing and ancillary merchandising capabilities and grow by partnering with both traditional carriers and LCCs.

Growth through Enhanced Technologies: We also continue to invest in technologies that addresses the needs of travel agencies and drives end customer conversion. This includes providing enhanced search capabilities, data analytics, state of the art mobile interfaces and robotics and automation. These technologies will drive greater customer conversion and superior productivity of travel agencies.

LCC Participation Growth: As LCCs continue to evolve and look for further growth opportunities, they seek to expand their offering to higher yield customers, mainly business travelers. Our access to business travelers, merchandising capabilities and ability to process complex itineraries have attracted and allowed for the full integration of several fast-growing LCCs such as AirAsia, easyJet, IndiGo and Ryanair into our Travel Commerce Platform. We view the expansion of LCCs into the business travel segment as a significant growth opportunity for us, and we will continue building our offering to win their business.

Targeted Geographic Expansion: Because the ability to increase away segments provides more revenue to airlines, away segments attract a premium to home segments, a dynamic that will benefit our performance as this trend continues. Furthermore, due to our balanced global footprint, we are well placed to benefit from global airline capacity shifts and increased LCC participation. We will continue to grow our international business and will focus on expanding into new emerging regions such as Africa, Latin America and Eastern Europe.

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Business Travel Growth: Our strategy to grow in the business travel space is focused on investing in products that distribute travel technology solutions directly to corporations, allowing them to easily access and book travel content that incorporates their travel management policies directly through our platform. The demographic make-up of corporate travelers is changing rapidly, with many now preferring to self-serve and use their mobile devices rather than booking travel through more traditional methods. We intend to be at the forefront of these changes as we deploy our content and digital technology assets to address them. Our investments to support the growth and changes we are seeing in the business travel sector include our acquisition of Travelport Hotelzon, a B2B hotel distribution technology provider focused on corporates, which has made booking independent hotels and accessing privately negotiated corporate hotel rates more efficient for business travelers. We have also invested in Travelport Locomote, an Australian based corporate travel procurement and management platform focused on empowering corporate travelers through an improved mobile user experience. The Travelport Locomote platform provides solutions for all corporate travel management needs, including travel authorization and policy compliance, flexibility to change bookings, and more efficient back-office reconciliation.

In July 2015, we also acquired Travelport Digital, which we believe to be the world’s leading provider of innovative mobile apps development and digital services in the travel industry. Travelport Digital’s clients include many blue-chip brands in the industry, including multi-national TMCs, and this acquisition formed a key part of our ongoing strategy to support the ever-connected business traveler.

We will continue to develop our offering in the business travel space and, as well as strengthening our partnerships with TMCs, we will look at new opportunities to invest in products that distribute travel technology solutions directly to corporations.

Focus on Distribution Technology Leadership and Differentiated Products

Achieving growth in our Travel Commerce Platform is predicated on our continued investment in developing advanced technologies and differentiated products to maintain our competitive position. We intend to continue our strong commitment to product innovation and technological excellence to maintain our state-of-the-art product portfolio and preserve our early adopter advantage in several key growth areas, such as the sale of ancillaries, B2B travel payments solutions, digital services, hospitality merchandising and advertising. We plan to continue offering rich travel content and empowered selling capabilities on an open platform with service oriented architecture and industry leading Travelport Universal API, and plan to continue to focus on developing a diverse application set to consistently increase the value of our Travel Commerce Platform to our customers. We are exploring new adjacencies that allow us to improve our products and data offerings to our customers and develop insights into travel behaviors. We have chosen not to focus our resources on more capital and labor intensive airline and hospitality related hosting solutions. Instead, we focus on distribution products, payment related solutions and digital services. Our ability to offer differentiated, high value products and services allows us to shift the focus of our dialogue with travel providers from price to value, leading to higher RevPas.

On February 8, 2017, we named Tata Consultancy Services (“TCS”), part of the Tata Group and a leading global IT services, consulting and business solutions organization, as our primary technology partner. TCS was selected in recognition of its strengths in the global travel industry and its ability to work alongside us and provide scale in application engineering and assurance services. Through this appointment, we have rationalized the number of third-party IT development companies with whom we work. At the same time, we are also consolidating our wholly-owned U.S. operations into two centers in Atlanta and Denver. Our increased investment in technology forms an integral part of our overall growth plan and long-term strategy.

Travel Providers

Our relationships with travel providers extend to airlines, hotels, car rental companies, rail networks, cruise-line and tour operators. Travel providers are offered varying levels of services and functionality at which they can participate in our Travel Commerce Platform. These levels of functionality generally depend upon the travel provider’s preference as well as the type of communications and real-time access allowed with respect to the particular travel provider’s host reservations and other systems.

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We provide air distribution services to approximately 400 airlines globally, including approximately 125 LCCs. We distribute ancillaries for approximately 100 airlines. We have relationships with approximately 310 hotel chains, representing over 150,000 hotel properties, which provide us with live availability and instant confirmation for bookings, in addition to approximately 20 hotel aggregators resulting in an aggregate of approximately 650,000 hotel properties bookable through Travelport Rooms and More. In addition, we serve over 37,000 car rental locations, over 50 cruise-lines and tour operators and 14 major rail networks worldwide.

The table below lists alphabetically our largest airline providers in the regions presented for the year ended December 31, 2016, based on revenue:

The majority of our agreements remain in effect each year, with exceptions usually linked to airline mergers or insolvencies. In 2016, we had 66 planned airline contract renewals, and we successfully renewed substantially all such contracts. We currently have 59 and 36 planned airline contract renewals in 2017 and 2018, respectively, including contracts which roll on an annual basis. Our top fifteen travel providers as measured by revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016, all of which are airlines, have been customers on average for more than ten years. For the year ended December 31, 2016, our top ten travel providers represented approximately 24% of revenue, and no single provider accounted for more than 10% of revenue.

We have entered into a number of specific-term agreements with airlines across the globe to secure all of the airline’s public content. These content agreements allow our travel agency customers to have access to the full range of our airline providers’ public content, including the ability to book the last available seat, as well as other functionalities. We have secured full-content or distribution parity agreements with approximately 120 airlines, including LCCs. Revenue attributable to these agreements comprised 69% of Air revenue in the year ended December 31, 2016. Certain full-content agreements expire, or may be terminated, during 2017. For example, though we have participation agreements with these airline providers in which they participate in our Travel Commerce Platform, full-content or distribution parity agreements with airlines representing 23% of our Travel Commerce Platform revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016 are up for renewal or are potentially terminable by such carriers in 2017.

We have approximately 125 airlines that we classify as LCCs participating in our Travel Commerce Platform around the world, including AirAsia, easyJet, IndiGo and Ryanair. Revenue from LCCs accounted for less than 5% of our total Air revenue in 2016.

Our top hotel providers for the year ended December 31, 2016 were Hilton, Intercontinental Hotels Group and Marriott Hotels.

Our top car rental company providers by brand for the year ended December 31, 2016 were Advantage/E2 Group, Avis, Enterprise and Hertz. We provide electronic ticket distribution to 14 major international and national rail networks, including Amtrak (United States), Deutsche Bahn (Germany), Eurostar Group (United Kingdom/France) and Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer France (SNCF) (France).

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Travel Agencies

Approximately 68,000 travel agency locations representing over 234,000 online and offline travel agency terminals worldwide use us for travel information, booking and ticketing capabilities, travel purchases, workflow automation and management tools for travel information and travel agency operations. Access to our Travel Commerce Platform enables travel agencies to electronically search travel related data such as schedules, availability, services and prices offered by travel providers and to book travel for end customers.

Our Travel Commerce Platform also facilitates travel agencies’ internal business processes such as quality control, operations and financial information management. Increasingly, this includes the integration of products and services from independent parties that complement our core product and service offerings, including a wide array of mid- and back-office service providers. We also provide technical support, training and other assistance to travel agencies, including numerous customized access options, productivity tools, automation, training and customer support focusing on process automation, back-office efficiency, aggregation of content at the desktop and online booking solutions. In addition, we provide business intelligence and data solutions to our travel agency customers.

Our relationships with travel agencies typically are non-exclusive, meaning they subscribe to and have the ability to use more than one GDS but may require a substantial portion to be booked through our Travel Commerce Platform. We pay travel agencies a commission for segments booked on our Travel Commerce Platform and, in order to encourage greater use of our Travel Commerce Platform, we may pay an increased commission based on negotiated segment volume thresholds. Travel agencies or other customers in some cases pay a fee for access to our Travel Commerce Platform or to access specific services or travel content. Our travel agency customers comprise online, offline, corporate and leisure travel agencies. Our largest OTA customers, by revenue, in 2016 included Expedia, Inc. (“Expedia”), which includes Orbitz Worldwide, and Priceline. For the year ended December 31, 2016, approximately 10% of our revenue was derived from our five largest OTAs. Our largest business travel agency customers in 2016 included American Express Global Business Travel, Carlson Wagonlit Travel and Flight Centre Limited. Our largest leisure travel agency customers in 2016 included AAA Travel, Carlson Leisure Group and GTT Global/USA Gateway. For the year ended December 31, 2016, our top ten travel agency customers represented approximately 25% of revenue, and no single travel agency customer accounted for more than 10% of revenue. Travel agency contracts representing approximately 18%, 23% and 59% of 2016 revenue are up for renewal in 2017, 2018 and beyond, respectively.

Competition

Travel Commerce Platform

The marketplace for travel distribution is large, multi-faceted and highly competitive. We compete with a number of travel distributors, including:

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traditional GDSs, such as Amadeus IT Group SA (“Amadeus”) and Sabre Corporation (“Sabre”);

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local distribution systems that are primarily owned by airlines or governmental entities and operated predominately in their home countries, including TravelSky in China, Infini in Japan and Sirena Travel in Russia;

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travel providers that use direct distribution, including through the use of travel provider websites and mobile applications;

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corporate booking tools, including Concur Technologies, GetThere, Deem, KDS, eTravel and Egencia (although most corporate booking tools interface with a GDS to access the content and functionality offered by the GDS); and

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other participants, including Kayak, TripAdvisor, Yahoo! and Google, which have launched business-to-consumer travel search tools (although bookings are often fulfilled through a GDS) that connect travelers with direct distribution channels and OTAs.

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While many of the products and services offered by non-GDSs offer some of the functionality and integration provided by our Travel Commerce Platform, we believe none of them offer the full functionality and integration we offer, including serving the end consumer who desires to explore all booking options. Among industry participants with a traditional GDS, we believe our Travel Commerce Platform differentiates us from our competitors. We believe that competition in the industry is based on the following criteria:

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the timeliness, reliability and scope of travel inventory and related content;

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service, reliability and ease of use of the system;

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the number and size of travel agencies and the fees charged by a GDS and incentives and loyalty payments made to travel agencies;

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travel provider participation levels, inventory and the transaction fees charged to travel providers;

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the range of products and services that deliver efficiencies that are available to travel providers and travel agencies; and

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geographical reach, consistency of data and content, cross border capabilities and end traveler and corporation servicing.

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GDS Transacted Air Segments: According to our view of the GDS air market, which is based on all air-related transactions processed on GDS platforms as reported by Marketing Information Data Tapes (“MIDT”), our share for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 amounted to 23% and 24%, respectively.

Payment Solutions

While we believe eNett is redefining payments from travel agencies to travel providers, there are currently multiple ways to settle travel payments from travel agencies to travel providers. Traditional methods of settling travel payments include:

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cash and check;

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consumer cards, corporate cards, lodge cards and bank-issued VANs; and

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wire transfers and Electronic Funds Transfer (“EFT”).

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In addition to the traditional methods to settle travel payments, eNett’s principle competitor is WEX Inc.

Technology Services

The technology services sector of the travel industry is highly fragmented by service offering, including hosting solutions, such as internal reservation system services, as well as flight operations technology services and software development services. For example, sector participants include Amadeus, HP Enterprise Services, Sabre, SITA and Google, as well as airlines that provide the services and support for their own internal reservation system services and also host external airlines.

Sales and Marketing

Our SMOs and national distribution companies (“NDCs”) are organized by country or region and are typically divided between the new account teams, which seek to add new travel agencies to our Travel Commerce Platform, and account management teams, which service and expand existing business. Our SMOs are wholly-owned and represented approximately 80% of our Travel Commerce Platform revenue in 2016. We continue to utilize NDCs in certain regions where our appointed distributor either provides specialized expertise in the technology or in the countries or local regions in which they operate for us. We also contract with new NDCs in countries and regions where doing so would be more cost-effective than establishing an SMO. Our top ten NDCs generated approximately 11% of our Travel Commerce Platform revenue in 2016, and no single NDC accounted for more than 5% of revenue.

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We have dedicated teams that cover sales, marketing, product and application development for air commerce, agency commerce and hospitality. eNett and Travelport Digital work closely with the Travel Commerce Platform SMOs to realize cross-sale opportunities.

Technology

Achieving growth for our Travel Commerce Platform is predicated on our continued investment in developing advanced technologies and differentiated products to maintain our competitive position. We intend to continue our commitment to product innovation and technological excellence to maintain our product portfolio and preserve our early adopter advantage in several key growth areas, such as the sale of ancillaries, B2B travel payment solutions, digital services, hospitality merchandising and advertising. We plan to continue offering rich travel content on an open platform with service oriented architecture and an industry leading Travelport Universal API, and are also focused on developing a diverse application set to consistently keep increasing value of our Travel Commerce Platform to our customers. We are exploring new adjacencies that will allow us to improve our products and data offerings to our customers and develop insights into travel behaviors. We have chosen not to focus our resources on more capital and labor intensive airline and hospitality related IT solutions. Instead, we focus on distribution products, payment solutions, digital services and technology services. For example, we offer Travelport Aggregated Shopping through XML connectivity to airline content, which has enabled and encouraged leading LCCs such as AirAsia, easyJet, IndiGo and Ryanair to join our fully integrated Travel Commerce Platform, and have focused on providing superior chain hotel content to OTAs relative to our competitors by directly connecting via XML to key hotel chains. Our ability to offer differentiated, high value products and services allows us to shift the focus of our dialogue with travel providers from price to value, leading to higher revenue per transaction.

We support our operations from a single data center location in Atlanta, Georgia that we operate. We believe that our data center is a state-of-the-art facility that has completed comprehensive technology upgrades to current processing and storage platforms. The combined facility features a technology platform that we believe leads the industry in terms of functionality, performance, reliability and security. The existing systems are certified compliant with the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, offering a secure environment for operations and have historically operated at a 99.985% core systems uptime. In 2016, our systems processed over 1 trillion transactions, up to 4 billion travel related system messages per day and approximately 18 billion API calls per month. Our data center uses approximately 16,000 physical and virtual servers and has total storage capacity of over 15 petabytes. In the data center environment, our customers benefit from access to one of the industry’s most powerful, reliable and responsive travel distribution and hosting platforms. Continued modernization of our technical environment is an integral part of our aim to support growth by efficiently delivering distribution systems to our customers.

Intellectual Property

We regard our technology and other intellectual property as critical components and assets of our business. We protect our intellectual property rights through a combination of copyright, trademark and patent laws, and trade secret and confidentiality laws and procedures, as well as database rights, where applicable. We own and seek protection of key technology and business processes and rely on trade secret and copyright laws to protect proprietary software and processes. We also use confidentiality procedures and non-disclosure and other contractual provisions to protect our intellectual property assets. We rely on appropriate laws to protect the ownership of our data and databases.

Where appropriate, we seek statutory and common law protection of our material trade and service marks. The laws of some foreign jurisdictions, however, vary and offer less protection than other jurisdictions for our proprietary rights. Unauthorized use of our intellectual property could have a material adverse effect on us, and there is no assurance that our legal remedies would adequately compensate us for the damages caused by such unauthorized use.

We rely on technology that we license or obtain from third parties to operate our business. Vendors that support our core GDS technology include IBM, CA, Inc., SAS Group, Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., EMC Corporation and Red Hat, Inc. In 2010, we obtained licenses to our Transaction Processing Facility operating system from IBM. Associated software, maintenance and support are available through December 31, 2019 under an agreement with IBM, and we expect such services will continue to be available to us after December 31, 2019.

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Employees

As of December 31, 2016, we had approximately 4,000 full-time employees and an additional approximately 1,000 employees at IGTS. We recently signed an agreement to divest our 51% interest in IGTS. None of our employees in the United States are subject to collective bargaining agreements governing employment with us. In certain of the European countries in which we operate, we are subject to, and comply with, local law requirements in relation to the establishment of work councils. In addition, due to our presence across Europe and pursuant to an E.U. Directive, we have a Travelport European Works Council in which we address E.U. and enterprise-wide issues. We believe that our employee relations are good.

Seasonality

Our business experiences seasonal fluctuations, reflecting seasonal demand trends for the products and services we offer. These trends generally cause our revenue to be higher in the first and second quarters as compared to the third and fourth quarters of the calendar year. Revenue typically peaks during the first two quarters of the year as travelers plan and purchase their upcoming spring and summer travel.

Segments

We have two operating segments, Travelport and eNett, that we report together as one reportable segment. See footnote 19—Segment Information to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Government Regulation

In the countries in which we operate, we are subject to or affected by international, federal, state and local laws, regulations and policies, including anti-bribery rules, trade sanctions, data privacy requirements, labor laws and anti-competition regulations, which are constantly subject to change. In addition, certain government trade sanctions affect our ability to operate in Cuba, Iran, Sudan, Syria and Ukraine. The descriptions of the laws, regulations and policies that follow are summaries and should be read in conjunction with the texts of the laws and regulations. The descriptions do not purport to describe all present and proposed laws, regulations and policies that affect our businesses.

We believe that we are in material compliance with these laws, regulations and policies. Although we cannot predict the effect of changes to the existing laws, regulations and policies or of the proposed laws, regulations and policies that are described below, we are not aware of proposed changes or proposed new laws, regulations and policies that will have a material adverse effect on our business.

Industry Regulations

Our business is subject to GDS industry specific regulations, including in the E.U., Canada, India and China, and eNett operates in the highly regulated financial services industry.

Historically, regulations were adopted in the E.U. and Canada to guarantee consumers access to competitive information by Computer Reservation Systems (“CRSs”) (then owned by individual airlines) and to provide travel agencies with unbiased displays and rankings of flights. Under the current E.U. CRS Regulations, GDSs and airlines are free to negotiate booking fees charged by GDSs and the information content provided by the airlines. The E.U. CRS Regulations include provisions to ensure a neutral and non-discriminatory presentation of travel options in the GDS displays and to prohibit the identification of travel agencies in MIDT data without their consent. The E.U. CRS Regulations also require GDSs to display rail or rail/air alternatives to air travel on the first screen of their principal displays in certain circumstances. In addition, to prevent parent carriers of GDSs from hindering competition from other GDSs, parent carriers will continue to be required to provide other GDSs with the same information on their transport services and to accept bookings from another GDS. There are also GDS regulations in Canada, under the regulatory authority of the Canadian Department of Transport.

Although all GDS regulations in the United States (which only covered airline distribution) expired as of July 2004, the U.S. Department of Transportation, or DOT, retains the jurisdiction to regulate GDSs if they engage in “unfair or deceptive” practices relating to airfare price listings.

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In 2010, new Civil Aviation Requirements were issued by the Government of India to regulate CRSs operating in India for the purpose of displaying or selling air services, to promote fair competition in the airline sector and to ensure that consumers do not receive inaccurate or misleading information on airline services.

On October 1, 2012, the Interim Regulations on Administering the Permit of Direct Access to and Use of Foreign Computer Reservation System by Foreign Airlines’ Agents in China were published by the Civil Aviation Administration of China, or CAAC, and became effective on that date. The key element of the new regulations is the introduction of a permit scheme whereby foreign airlines are able to apply to CAAC for approval to allow Chinese-based travel agencies to access their nominated foreign CRS provider’s system for the purpose of making international bookings.

Because eNett operates an innovative payment solution, the regulatory environment for eNett products and services is not clearly defined and varies from country to country. In November 2013, eNett was granted a financial services license in Australia by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission. eNett had previously provided its eNett VAN solution pursuant to a sub-license from an Australian payments processor. In the E.U, eNett partners with regulated entities to limit its obligation to be regulated as a financial services provider with regard to its management of client funds. In January 2016, eNett was granted a money service operator services license in Hong Kong by the Customs and Excise Department of Hong Kong. In jurisdictions where eNett’s operations are regulated, the regulations generally require licensing, insurance, systems and controls, client identification checks, and/or compliance staffing. Any violation of these regulatory requirements could compromise licenses and lead to financial penalties, imposed changes to systems and controls, closer monitoring, and detailed regulatory reviews.

We are also subject to regulations affecting issues such as international trade.

Privacy and Data Protection Regulations

Privacy regulations continue to evolve and on occasion may be inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another. Many states in the United States have introduced legislation or enacted laws and regulations that provide for penalties for failure to notify customers when security is breached, even by third parties.

Many countries have enacted or are considering legislation to regulate the protection of private information of consumers. In the United States, significant legislation is pending at the state and federal level. We cannot predict whether any of the proposed privacy legislation currently pending will be enacted and what effect, if any, it would have on our business.

A primary source of privacy regulations to which our operations are subject is the E.U. Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and Council (October 24, 1995), or the E.U. Data Protection Directive. Pursuant to this Directive, individual countries within the E.U. have specific regulations related to the trans-border dataflow of personal information (i.e., sending personal information from one country to another). The E.U. Data Protection Directive requires companies doing business in E.U. member states to comply with its standards. It provides for, among other things, specific regulations requiring all non-E.U. countries doing business with E.U. member states to provide adequate data privacy protection when processing personal data from any of the E.U. member states. The E.U. has enabled several means for U.S.-based companies to comply with the E.U. Data Protection Directive, including a set of standard form contractual clauses for the transfer of personal data outside of Europe. In May 2016, the European Union finalized the General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) to replace this Directive, effective May 2018. We are reviewing our data protection program to identify updates required by GDPR.

We have relied on model contracts to provide a legal framework for the transfer of personal data to our U.S. data center. These contracts originally were published by the European Commission with an adequacy finding and have been executed between our European affiliates and our U.S. data processing companies.

The CRS Regulations in force in Europe also incorporate personal data protection provisions that, among other things, classify GDSs as data controllers under the E.U. Data Protection Directive. The data protection provisions contained in the CRS Regulations are complementary to E.U. national and international data protection and privacy laws.

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Many other countries have adopted data protection regimes. An example is Canada’s Personal Information and Protection of Electronic Documents Act, or PIPEDA. PIPEDA provides Canadian residents with privacy protections with regard to transactions with businesses and organizations in the private sector. PIPEDA recognizes the need of organizations to collect, use and share personal information and establishes rules for handling personal information.

In 2015, Russia made effective a data localization law that will require some personal data of Russian citizens to be stored and processed in Russia. This law contains exemptions that we believe cover our processing operations with respect to Russian personal data. If these exemptions are narrowed or are not found to cover our data processing, the data localization law would conflict with our operational practice of aggregating and processing data at a central site. We are monitoring further legal developments and enforcement practices by the Russian authorities with other affected businesses.

Iran Sanctions Disclosure

As part of our global business in the travel industry, we provide certain passenger travel related Travel Commerce Platform and Technology Services to Iran Air. We also provide certain Technology Services to Iran Air Tours. All of these services are either exempt from applicable sanctions prohibitions pursuant to a statutory exemption permitting transactions ordinarily incident to travel or, to the extent not otherwise exempt, specifically licensed by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control. Subject to any changes in the exempt/licensed status of such activities, we intend to continue these business activities, which are directly related to and promote the arrangement of travel for individuals.

The gross revenue and net profit attributable to these activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 were approximately $571,000 and $411,000, respectively, and $551,000 and $389,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015, respectively.

Company Information

Our principal executive office is located at Axis One, Axis Park, Langley, Berkshire SL3 8AG, United Kingdom, and our telephone number is +44-1753-288-000. We file electronically with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) required reports on Form 8-K, Form 10-Q and Form 10-K, proxy materials, ownership reports for insiders as required by Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, registration statements and other forms or reports as required. Certain of our officers and directors also file statements of changes in beneficial ownership on Form 4 with the SEC. The public may read and copy any materials that we have filed with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room located at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Such materials also may be accessed electronically on the SEC’s Internet site (sec.gov). We maintain a website (travelport.com), and copies of our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, Section 16 reports, proxy materials and any amendments to these reports filed or furnished with the SEC are available free of charge in the Investor Relations section of our website, as soon as reasonably practicable after filing with the SEC. Copies of our Board committee charters, Codes of Conduct and Ethics, Corporate Governance Guidelines and other corporate governance information are also available on our website. If we should decide to amend any of our Board committee charters, Codes of Conduct and Ethics or other corporate governance document, copies of such amendments will be made available to the public through our website. The information contained on our website is not included in, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

The following is a cautionary discussion of the most significant risks, uncertainties and assumptions that we believe are significant to our business and should be considered carefully in conjunction with all of the other information set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. If any of the risks described below actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. Based on the information currently known to us, we believe that the following information identifies the most significant risk factors affecting us in each of these categories of risk. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Achievement of future results is subject to risks, uncertainties and potentially inaccurate assumptions. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods.

Risks Relating to Our Business

Market and Industry Risks

Our revenue is derived from the global travel industry and a prolonged or substantial decrease in global travel volume, particularly air travel, as well as other industry trends, could adversely affect us.

Our revenue is derived from the global travel industry. As a result, our revenue is directly related to the overall level of travel activity, particularly air travel volume, and is therefore significantly impacted by declines in, or disruptions to, travel in any region due to factors entirely outside of our control. Such factors include:

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global security issues, political instability, acts or threats of terrorism, including those that target the travel industry, hostilities or war and other political issues that could adversely affect global air travel volume;

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epidemics or pandemics, such as the Zika virus, the ebola virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and;

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natural disasters, such as hurricanes, volcanic activity and resulting ash clouds, earthquakes and tsunamis;

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general economic conditions, particularly to the extent that adverse conditions may cause a decline in travel volume, such as the crisis in the global credit and financial markets, diminished liquidity and credit availability, declines in consumer confidence and discretionary income, declines in economic growth, increases in unemployment rates and uncertainty about economic stability;

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the impact on business conditions worldwide as a result of political decisions, including the U.K.’s decision to leave the E.U.;

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the financial condition of travel providers, including airlines and hotels, and the impact of any changes such as airline bankruptcies or mergers, on the cost and availability of air travel and hotel rooms;

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changes to laws and regulations governing the airline and travel industry and the adoption of new laws and regulations detrimental to operations, including potential enhanced travel restrictions;

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fuel price escalation or availability;

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work stoppages or labor unrest at any of the major airlines or other travel providers or at airports;

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increased security, particularly airport security that could reduce the convenience of air travel;

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travelers’ perception of the occurrence of travel related accidents, of the environmental impact of air travel, particularly in regards to CO2 emissions, or of the scope, severity and timing of the other factors described above; and

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changes in hotel occupancy rates.

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If there were to be a prolonged substantial decrease in travel volume, particularly air travel volume, for these or any other reason, it would have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The travel industry is highly competitive, and we are subject to risks relating to competition that may adversely affect our performance.

Our business operates in highly competitive industries. If we cannot compete effectively, we may lose share to our competitors, which may adversely affect our financial performance. Our continued success depends, to a large extent, upon our ability to compete effectively in industries that contain numerous competitors, some of which may have significantly greater financial, marketing, personnel and other resources than us.

Our Travel Commerce Platform has two different primary categories of customers, namely travel providers, which provide travel content, and travel agencies, which shop for and book that content on behalf of end customers. The inter-dependence of effectively serving these customer groups, and the resulting network effects, may impact our ability to attract customers. If we are unable to attract a sufficient number of travel providers to provide comprehensive travel content, our ability to service travel agencies will be adversely impacted. Conversely, if we are unable to attract or retain a sufficient number of travel agencies, our ability to maintain our large base of travel providers and attract new travel providers will be impaired.

In addition to supplying sufficient content, the ability of our Travel Commerce Platform to attract travel agencies is dependent on the development of new products to enhance our Travel Commerce Platform and on the provision of adequate commissions to travel agencies. Competition to attract travel agencies is particularly intense as travel agencies, particularly larger ones, have the ability to access content from a variety of sources, including subscribing to more than one GDS at any given time. We also have had to, and expect that it will continue in certain circumstances to be necessary to, increase commissions to travel agencies in connection with renewals of their contracts, which may in the future reduce margins. If travel agencies are dissatisfied with our Travel Commerce Platform or we do not pay adequate commissions or provide other incentives to travel agencies to remain competitive, our Travel Commerce Platform may lose a number of travel agency customers.

Our Travel Commerce Platform competes against traditional GDSs operated by Amadeus and Sabre, as well as against local distribution systems and alternative distribution technologies. Our Travel Commerce Platform also competes against direct distribution of travel content by travel providers, such as airlines, hotels and car rental companies, many of which distribute all or part of their inventory directly through their own travel distribution websites (known as “supplier.com websites”). In addition, our Travel Commerce Platform competes against travel providers that supply content directly to travel agencies as well as new companies in the industry that are developing distribution systems without the large technology investment and network costs of a traditional GDS. The revolutionary emergence of mobile applications that link directly to providers may create a vigorous source of new competition that bypasses GDSs.

Increased competition may result in reduced operating margins, as well as loss of share and brand recognition. We may not be able to compete successfully against current and future competitors, and competitive pressures we face could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

If we fail to develop and deliver new innovative products or enhance our existing products and services in a timely and cost-effective manner in response to rapid technological change and customer demands, our business will suffer.

Our industry is subject to constant and rapid technological change and product obsolescence as customers and competitors create new and innovative products and technologies. Products or technologies developed by our competitors may render our products or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive. We must develop innovative products and services and enhance our existing products and services to meet rapidly evolving demands to attract travel agencies. The development process to design leading, sustainable and desirable products to generate new revenue streams and profits requires us to accurately anticipate technological changes and business trends. Developing and enhancing these products is uncertain and can

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be time-consuming, costly and complex. If we do not continue to develop innovative products that are in demand by our customers, we may be unable to maintain existing customers or attract new customers. Customer and business requirements can change during the development process. There is a risk that these developments and enhancements will be late, fail to meet customer or business specifications, not be competitive with products or services from our competitors that offer comparable or superior performance and functionality or fail to generate new revenue streams and profits. Our business will suffer if we fail to develop and introduce new innovative products and services or product and service enhancements on a timely and cost-effective basis.

Trends in pricing and other terms of agreements among airlines and travel agencies have become less favorable to us, and a further deterioration or a failure to renew these agreements may occur in the future, which could reduce our revenue and margins.

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from fees paid by airlines for bookings made through our Travel Commerce Platform. Airlines have sought to reduce or eliminate these fees in an effort to reduce distribution costs. One manner in which they have done so is to differentiate the content, in this case, the fares and inventory, that they provide to us and to our competitors from the content that they distribute directly themselves. In these cases, airlines provide some of their content to us and our competitors, while withholding other content, such as lower cost fares, for distribution via their own supplier.com websites unless the GDS agrees to significant discounts. Certain airlines have withdrawn, and other airlines have threatened to withdraw, content, in whole or in part, from us or our competitors as a means of obtaining lower booking fees or, alternatively, have charged, or threatened to charge, to access their lower cost fares or charge travel agencies for bookings generated in our Travel Commerce Platform. Airlines also have aggressively expanded their use of the direct online distribution model for tickets in the United States and in Europe. There also has been an increase in the number of airlines that seek to sell optional ancillary services, such as fees for checked baggage or premium seats, only through their direct distribution channels, which threaten to further fragment content and disadvantage us and our competitors by making it more difficult to deliver a platform that allows travel agencies to shop for a single, “all-inclusive” price for travel.

We have entered into content agreements with most major carriers in the Americas and Europe, and a growing number of carriers in the Middle East and Africa, which provides us with access to the near-complete scope of public fares and inventory which the carriers generally make available through direct channels, such as their own supplier.com websites, with a contract duration usually ranging from three to seven years. In addition, we have entered into agreements with most major carriers in Asia Pacific, which provide us with access to varying levels of their content. We may not be able to renew these agreements on a commercially reasonable basis or at all. If we are unable to renew these agreements, we will be disadvantaged compared to our competitors, and our financial results will be adversely impacted. The content agreements have required us to make significant price concessions to the participating airlines. If we are required to make additional concessions to renew or extend the agreements, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Moreover, as existing content agreements come up for renewal, there is no guarantee that the participating airlines will continue to provide their content to us to the same extent or on the same terms as they do now. For example, our content agreements with airlines representing approximately 23% of Travel Commerce Platform revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016 are up for renewal or are potentially terminable by such carriers in 2017. In addition, certain content agreements may be terminated earlier pursuant to the specific terms of each agreement. A substantial reduction in the amount of content received from the participating airlines or changes in pricing options will also negatively affect our competitive positioning, revenue and financial condition. Although we continue to have participation agreements with these airline providers, in which they have agreed to participate in our Travel Commerce Platform, a material adverse impact on our business may occur if these agreements are terminated and we are unable to reach agreement with such carriers regarding new content agreements.

In addition, we have implemented, in some countries, an alternative business and financial model, generally referred to as the “opt-in” model, for travel agencies. Under the “opt-in” model, travel agencies are offered the opportunity to pay a fee to us or to agree to a reduction in the financial incentives to be paid to them in order to be assured of having access to all the content provided to us by the participating airlines or to avoid an airline-imposed surcharge on bookings made through our Travel Commerce Platform. There is

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pressure on us to provide highly competitive terms for such “opt-in” models as many travel agencies have the ability to access content from a variety of sources, including our competitors. The “opt-in” model has been introduced in a number of situations in parallel with content agreements between us and certain airlines to recoup certain fees from travel agencies and to offset some of the discounts provided to airlines in return for guaranteed access to content. The rate of adoption by travel agencies, where “opt-in” has been implemented, has been very high. If airlines require further discounts in connection with guaranteeing access to full content and in response thereto, the “opt-in” model becomes widely adopted, we could receive lower fees from the airlines. These lower fees are likely to be only partially offset by new fees paid by travel agencies and/or reduced incentives or loyalty payments to travel agencies, which would adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, if travel agencies choose not to opt in, such travel agencies would not receive access to all the content available through us without making further payment, which could have an adverse effect on the number of segments booked through our Travel Commerce Platform.

The level of fees and commissions we pay to travel agencies is subject to continuous competitive pressure as we renew our agreements with them. If we are required to pay higher rates of commissions, it will adversely affect our margins.

We depend on our relationships with travel providers, and adverse changes in these relationships or our inability to enter into new relationships could negatively affect our access to travel offerings and reduce our revenue.

We rely significantly on our relationships with airlines, hotels and other travel providers to enable us to offer our travel agency customers comprehensive access to travel services and products. The majority of our agreements remain in effect each year, with exceptions usually linked to airline mergers or insolvencies. Adverse changes in any of our relationships with travel providers or the inability to enter into new relationships with travel providers could reduce the amount of inventory that we are able to offer through our Travel Commerce Platform, and could negatively impact our results of operations and the availability and competitiveness of travel products we offer. Our arrangements with travel providers may not remain in effect on current or similar terms, and the net impact of future pricing options may adversely impact revenue. Our top ten providers by revenue, combined, accounted for approximately 24% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016, and no single provider accounted for more than 10% of revenue. In 2016, we had 66 planned airline contract renewals, and we successfully renewed substantially all such contracts. We currently have 59 and 36 planned airline contract renewals in 2017 and 2018, respectively, including contracts which roll on an annual basis.

Travel providers are increasingly focused on driving online demand to their own supplier.com websites and may cease to supply us with the same level of access to travel inventory in the future. In addition, some LCCs historically have not distributed content through us or other third-party intermediaries. If the airline industry continues to shift from a full-service carrier model to a low-cost one, this trend may result in more carriers moving ticket distribution systems in-house and a decrease in the demand for our products.

We are in continuous dialogue with our major hotel providers about the nature and extent of their participation in our Travel Commerce Platform. If hotel occupancy rates improve to the point that our hotel providers no longer place the same value on our Travel Commerce Platform, such providers may reduce the amount of inventory they make available through our Travel Commerce Platform or the amount we are able to earn in connection with hotel transactions. A significant reduction on the part of any of our major providers of their participation in our Travel Commerce Platform for a sustained period of time or a provider’s complete withdrawal could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, we strive to increase hotel participation in our system as part of our growth strategy. If we are not successful in increasing the number of hotels participating in our system, the growth of our business may be restrained.

We are subject to a certain degree of revenue concentration among a portion of our customer base.

Our top ten travel agency customers accounted for approximately 25% of our net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016, and no single travel agency customer accounted for more than 10% of revenue. Travel agency contracts representing approximately 18%, 23% and 59% of 2016 revenue are up for renewal in 2017, 2018 and beyond, respectively. Our arrangements with our travel agency customers may not remain in effect on current or similar terms.

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In the event any substantial travel agency customer terminates its relationship with us or such customer’s business is materially impacted for any reason, such as a travel provider withholding content from a travel agency customer, and, as a result, such travel agency loses, or fails to generate, a substantial amount of bookings that would otherwise be processed through our Travel Commerce Platform, our business and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Travel providers are seeking alternative distribution models, including those involving direct access to travelers, which may adversely affect our results of operations.

Travel providers are seeking to decrease their reliance on third-party distributors, including us and our GDS competitors, for distribution of their content. For example, some travel providers have created or expanded efforts to establish commercial relationships with online and traditional travel agencies to book travel with those providers directly, rather than through an intermediary. Many airlines, hotels, car rental companies and cruise operators have also established or improved their own supplier.com websites and mobile offerings, and may offer incentives such as bonus miles or loyalty points, lower or no transaction or processing fees, priority waitlist clearance or e-ticketing for sales through these channels. In addition, metasearch travel websites facilitate access to supplier.com websites by aggregating the content of those websites. Due to the combined impact of direct bookings with the airlines, supplier.com websites and other non-GDS distribution channels, the percentage of air bookings made without the use of us or our GDS competitors at any stage in the chain between providers and end-customers may continue to increase. In addition, efforts by other major airlines to encourage our travel agencies to book directly rather than through our Travel Commerce Platform could adversely affect our results of operations.

Furthermore, recent trends towards disintermediation in the global travel industry could adversely affect our Travel Commerce Platform. For example, airlines have made some of their offerings unavailable to unrelated distributors, or made them available only in exchange for lower distribution fees. Some LCCs continue to distribute exclusively through direct channels, bypassing us and other third-party distributors completely and, as a whole, have increased their share of bookings in recent years, particularly in short-haul travel. In addition, several travel providers have formed joint ventures or alliances that offer multi-provider travel distribution websites. Finally, some airlines are exploring alternative global distribution methods developed by new entrants to the global distribution marketplace. Such new entrants propose technology that is purported to be efficient, which they claim enables the distribution of airline tickets in a manner that is more cost-effective to the airline provider because no or lower incentive or loyalty payments are paid to travel agencies. If these trends lead to lower participation by airlines and other travel providers in our Travel Commerce Platform, then our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

In addition, given the diverse and growing number of alternative travel distribution channels, such as supplier.com websites and direct connect channels between travel suppliers and travel providers, as well as new technologies that allow travel agencies and consumers to bypass third-party intermediaries, increases in travel volumes, particularly air travel, may not translate in the same proportion to increases in volume passing through our Travel Commerce Platform, and we may therefore not benefit from a cyclical recovery in the travel industry to a similar extent as other industry participants.

We rely on third-party NDCs to market our Travel Commerce Platform services in certain regions, which exposes us to risks associated with the lack of direct management control.

We utilize third-party, independently owned and managed NDCs to market our products and distribute and provide services in certain countries, including India, Indonesia, Kuwait, Lebanon, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey, Kazakhstan and Yemen, as well as many countries in Africa. In Asia, where many national carriers own one of our regional competitors, we often use local companies to act as NDCs. We rely on our NDCs and the manner in which they operate their business to develop and promote our global business. Our top ten NDCs generated approximately 11% of revenue in 2016, and no single NDC accounted for more than 5% of revenue. We pay each of our NDCs a commission relative to the number of segments booked by travel agencies with which the NDC has a relationship. The NDCs are independent business operators, are not our employees and we do not exercise management control over their day-to-day operations. We provide training and support to the NDCs, but the success of their marketing efforts and the

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quality of the services they provide is beyond our control. If they do not meet our standards for distribution, our image and reputation may suffer materially, and sales in those regions could decline significantly. In addition, any interruption in these third-party services or deterioration in their performance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Consolidation in the travel industry may result in lost bookings and reduced revenue.

Consolidation among travel providers, including airline mergers and alliances, may increase competition from distribution channels related to those travel providers and place more negotiating leverage in the hands of those travel providers to attempt to lower booking fees further and to lower commissions. Examples include the merger of United and Continental Airlines, the merger of American Airlines and US Airways, the acquisition of AirTran Airways by Southwest Airlines, the merger of British Airways and Iberia and subsequent acquisitions of Aer Lingus and Vueling and the acquisition of Virgin America by Alaska Air Group. In addition, cooperation has increased within the Oneworld, SkyTeam and Star Alliances. Changes in ownership of travel providers may also cause them to direct less business towards us. If we are unable to compete effectively, competitors could divert travel providers away from our travel distribution channels, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Mergers and acquisitions of airlines may also result in a reduction in total flights and overall passenger capacity and higher fares, which may adversely affect the ability of our business to generate revenue.

Consolidation among travel agencies and competition for travel agency customers may also adversely affect our results of operations, since we compete to attract and retain travel agency customers. For example, in September 2015, Expedia acquired Orbitz Worldwide, after acquiring Travelocity in January 2015. Reductions in commissions paid by some travel providers, such as airlines, to travel agencies contribute to travel agencies having a greater dependency on traveler-paid service fees and incentive or loyalty payments paid by us and our competitors and may contribute to travel agencies consolidating. Consolidation of travel agencies increases competition for these travel agency customers and increases the ability of those travel agencies to negotiate higher incentives or loyalty payments from us. Changes in ownership of travel agencies may also cause them to direct less business towards our Travel Commerce Platform. In addition, a decision by airlines to surcharge the channel represented by travel agencies, for example, by surcharging fares booked through travel agencies or passing on charges to travel agencies, could have an adverse impact on our business, particularly in regions in which our Travel Commerce Platform is a significant source of bookings for an airline choosing to impose such surcharges. To compete effectively, we may need to increase incentives or loyalty payments, pre-pay incentives, discount or waive product or service fees or increase spending on marketing or product development.

Our business is exposed to customer credit risk and fraudulent booking activity, against which we may not be able to protect ourselves fully.

Our business is subject to the risks of non-payment and non-performance by travel providers, which may fail to make payments according to the terms of their agreements with us. For example, a small number of airlines that do not settle payment through International Air Transport Association (“IATA”) billing and settlement provider have, from time to time, not made timely payments for bookings made through our Travel Commerce Platform. We manage our exposure to credit risk through credit analysis and monitoring procedures, and sometimes use credit agreements, prepayments, security deposits and bank guarantees. However, these procedures and policies cannot fully eliminate customer credit risk, and to the extent our policies and procedures prove to be inadequate, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

In addition, we are exposed to risk and potential liability from travel agency fraudulent booking activity resulting from travel agencies’ use of our Travel Commerce Platform for fraudulent purposes. We contractually disclaim all liability for any such loss, but periodically incur claims from airlines who allege that we should have more responsibility for any third-party fraud.

Some of our travel agency customers, NDC counterparties and travel providers may be highly leveraged, not well capitalized and subject to their own operating, legal and regulatory risks and, even if our credit review and analysis mechanisms work properly, we may experience financial losses in our dealings with such parties. A lack of liquidity in the capital markets or the continued weak performance in the

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economy may cause our customers to increase the time they take to pay or to default on their payment obligations, which could negatively affect our results. In addition, continued weakness in the economy could cause some of our customers to become illiquid, delay payments, or could adversely affect collection on their accounts, which could result in a higher level of bad debt expense.

Economic conditions in the global travel industry could impact our business and results of operations.

As a participant in the global travel industry, our business and operating results are impacted by global economic conditions, including a general reduction in net disposable income as a result of fiscal measures adopted by countries to address high levels of budgetary indebtedness, which may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. In our industry, the past financial crisis and global recession resulted in higher unemployment, a decline in consumer confidence, large-scale business failures and tightened credit markets. As a result, the global travel industry, which historically has grown at a rate in excess of global GDP growth during economic expansions, has experienced cyclical downturns in the past. Future adverse economic developments in areas such as employment levels, business conditions, interest rates, tax rates, fuel and energy costs and other matters could reduce discretionary spending and cause the travel industry to contract. In addition, if there are adverse global economic conditions, consumer spending on leisure travel and business spending on business travel may decrease, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Operational Risks

We rely on information technology to operate our business and maintain our competitiveness, and any failure to adapt to technological developments or industry trends could harm our business.

We depend upon the use of sophisticated information technologies and systems, including technologies and systems utilized for reservation systems, communications, procurement and administrative systems. As our operations grow in both size and scope, we continuously need to improve and upgrade our systems and infrastructure to offer an increasing number of customers and travel providers enhanced products, services, features and functionality, while maintaining the reliability and integrity of our systems and infrastructure. Our future success also depends on our ability to adapt to rapidly changing technologies in our industry, particularly the increasing use of internet-based products and services, to change our services and infrastructure so they address evolving industry standards and to improve the performance, features and reliability of our services in response to competitive service and product offerings and the evolving demands of the marketplace. In recent years, we introduced a number of products and services, such as Travelport Smartpoint and the Travelport Merchandising Suite, including Travelport Rich Content and Branding. If there are technological impediments to introducing or maintaining these or other products and services, or if these products and services do not meet the requirements of our customers, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

It is possible that, if we are not able to maintain existing systems, obtain new technologies and systems, or replace or introduce new technologies and systems as quickly as our competitors or in a cost-effective manner, our business and operations could be materially adversely affected. Also, we may not achieve the benefits anticipated or required from any new technology or system, or be able to devote financial resources to new technologies and systems in the future.

We rely primarily on a single data center location to conduct our business.

Our business, which utilizes a significant amount of our information technology, and the financial business systems rely on computer infrastructure primarily housed in our data center near Atlanta, Georgia, to conduct its business. In the event the operations of this data center suffer any significant interruptions or the data center becomes significantly inoperable, such event would have a material adverse effect on our business and reputation and could result in a loss of customers. Although we have taken steps to strengthen physical and information security and add redundancy to this facility, the data center could be exposed to damage or interruption from fire, natural disaster, power loss, war, acts of terrorism, plane crashes, telecommunications failure, computer malfunctions, unauthorized entry, IT hacking and computer viruses. The steps we have taken and continue to take to prevent system failure and unauthorized

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transaction activity may not be successful. Our use of backup and disaster recovery systems may not allow us to recover from a system failure fully, or on a timely basis, and our property and business insurance may not be adequate to compensate us for all losses that may occur.

eNett depends on critical service providers, may be subject to regulatory requirements and may experience conflicts.

eNett, operating in the payment solutions business, is exposed to operational, regulatory and governance risks. eNett is enabled to provide its virtual card solution pursuant to virtual card issuers licensed by Mastercard and, in particular, has a material relationship with a European-based issuer licensed by Mastercard. An extended service failure by eNett’s primary issuer or Mastercard would greatly harm eNett’s current business and growth opportunities. Due to its innovative solutions, the regulatory environment for eNett is not clearly defined in certain jurisdictions, and in other jurisdictions, laws or regulations may be modified or adopted that may impact how eNett’s solutions are provided, including an increase in costs to eNett to provide such solutions. Financial services regulators in any of the jurisdictions of the eNett customer base may construe potentially applicable requirements in a manner that results in eNett loss of business, slower growth, financial penalties and operational burdens. In addition, the minority shareholder of eNett may have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with ours, take actions contrary to our objectives, undergo a change of control or be unable or unwilling to fulfill its obligations in support of eNett, which may affect eNett’s and our financial condition or results of operations.

System interruptions, defects and slowdowns may cause us to lose customers or business opportunities or to incur liabilities.

If we are unable to maintain and improve our IT systems and infrastructure, this might result in system interruptions, defects and slowdowns. In the event of system interruptions and/or slow delivery times, prolonged or frequent service outages or insufficient capacity which impedes us from efficiently providing services to our customers, we may lose customers and revenue or incur liabilities. We rely on our employees and internal systems to enable transactions to be processed on our platforms. In addition, our information technologies and systems are vulnerable to damage, interruption or fraudulent activity from various causes, including:

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power losses, computer systems defects or failure, computer viruses, internet and telecommunications or data network failures, losses and corruption of data and similar events;

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operator error, penetration by individuals seeking to disrupt operations, misappropriate information or perpetrate fraudulent activity and other physical or electronic breaches of security;

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the failure of third-party software, systems or services that we rely upon to maintain our own operations; and

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natural disasters, pandemics, wars and acts of terrorism.

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We may have inadequate insurance coverage or insurance limits to compensate for losses from a major interruption, and remediation may be costly and have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition. Any extended interruption or degradation in our technologies or systems, or any substantial loss of data, could significantly curtail our ability to conduct our business and generate revenue. We could incur financial liability from fraudulent activity perpetrated on our systems.

Cybersecurity attacks or security breaches could adversely affect our ability to operate, could result in sensitive personal information being misappropriated and may cause us to be held liable or possibly have a material adverse effect on our reputation and business.

The secure transmission of confidential information over the internet is essential in maintaining travel provider and travel agency confidence in our services. Substantial or ongoing data security breaches or cyber attacks, whether instigated internally or externally on our system or other internet-based systems, could significantly harm our business. Our travel providers currently require end customers to guarantee their transactions with their credit card online. We rely on licensed encryption and authentication

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technology to effect secure transmission of confidential end customer information, including credit card numbers. It is possible that advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries or other developments could result in a cyber attack or a compromise or breach of the technology that we use to protect customer transaction data.

We incur substantial expense to protect against cyber attacks or security breaches and their consequences. However, our security measures may not prevent cyber attacks or data security breaches. We may be unsuccessful in implementing remediation plans to address potential exposures. A party (whether internal, external, an affiliate or unrelated third party) that is able to circumvent our data security systems or indulge in cyber attacks could also obtain proprietary information or cause significant interruptions in our operations. Cyber attacks or security breaches could also damage our reputation and expose us to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability. Cyber attacks or security breaches could also cause our current and potential travel providers and travel agencies to lose confidence in our data security, which would have a negative effect on the demand for our products and services.

We have been the target of data and cyber security attacks and may experience attacks in the future. Although we have managed to substantially counter these attacks and minimize our exposure, there can be no assurances that we will be able to successfully counter and limit any such attacks in the future.

We provide IT services to travel providers, primarily airlines, and any adverse changes in these relationships could adversely affect our business.

We provide hosting solutions and IT subscription services to airlines and the technology companies that support them. We host the reservations systems for Delta Air Lines, and provide IT subscription services for critical applications in fares, pricing and e-ticketing, directly and indirectly, over 210 airlines and airline ground handlers. Adverse changes in our relationships with our IT and hosting customers or our inability to enter into new relationships with other customers could affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our arrangements with our customers may not remain in effect on current or similar terms and this may negatively affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, if any of our key customers enters bankruptcy, liquidates or does not emerge from bankruptcy, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

We are dependent upon software, equipment and services provided by third parties.

We are dependent upon software, equipment and services provided and/or managed by third parties in the operation of our business. In the event that the performance of such software, equipment or services provided and/or managed by third parties deteriorates or our arrangements with any of these third parties related to the provision and/or management of software, equipment or services are terminated, we may not be able to find alternative services, equipment or software on a timely basis or on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or be able to do so without significant cost or disruptions to our business, and our relationships with our customers may be adversely impacted. We have experienced occasional system outages arising from services that were provided by one of our key third-party providers. Our failure to secure agreements with such third parties, or the failure of such third parties to perform under such agreements, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

We are subject to additional risks as a result of having global operations.

We have a presence in approximately 180 countries and territories. As a result of having global operations, we are subject to numerous risks. At any given time, one or more of the following principal risks may apply to any or all of the countries in which our services are provided:

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delays in the development, availability and use of the internet as a communication, advertising and commerce medium;

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difficulties in staffing and managing operations due to distance, time zones, language and cultural differences, including issues associated with establishing management systems infrastructure;

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differences and changes in regulatory requirements, including anti-bribery rules, trade sanctions, data privacy requirements, labor laws and anti-competition regulations;

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exposure to local economic and political conditions;

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changes in tax laws and regulations, and interpretations thereof;

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limitations on repatriation of earnings, which may limit our ability to transfer revenue from our non-U.S. operations and result in substantial transaction costs;

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increased risk of piracy and limits on our ability to enforce our intellectual property rights, particularly in the Middle East, Africa and Asia;

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diminished ability to enforce our contractual rights;

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exchange rate fluctuations and cost and risks inherent in hedging such exposures; and

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withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries.

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Our ability to identify, hire and retain senior management and other qualified personnel is critical to our results of operations and future growth.

We depend significantly on the continued services and performance of our senior management, particularly our professionals with experience in the travel industry. Any of these individuals may choose to terminate their employment with us at any time. If unexpected leadership turnover occurs without adequate succession plans, the loss of the services of any of these individuals, or any negative perceptions of our business as a result of those losses, could damage our brand image and our business. The specialized skills we require are difficult and time-consuming to acquire and, as a result, such skills are and are expected to remain in limited supply. It requires a long time to hire and train replacement personnel. An inability to hire, train and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees or ensure effective succession plans for critical positions could materially hinder our business by, for example, delaying our ability to bring new products and services to market or impairing the success of our operations. Even if we are able to maintain our employee base, the resources needed to attract and retain such employees may adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

We may not effectively integrate or realize anticipated benefits from future acquisitions.

In the future, we may enter into other acquisitions and investments, including NDCs or joint ventures, based on assumptions with respect to operations, profitability and other matters that could subsequently prove to be incorrect. Furthermore, we may fail to successfully integrate any acquired businesses or joint ventures into our operations. If future acquisitions, significant investments or joint ventures do not perform in accordance with our expectations or are not effectively integrated, our business, operations or financial performance could be adversely affected.

Financial and Taxation Risks

We have a substantial level of indebtedness that may have an adverse impact on us.

As of December 31, 2016, our total indebtedness, excluding capital leases and other indebtedness, was $2,236 million under our senior secured credit agreement. If our term loans due in September 2021 or any revolving credit borrowings due September 2019 are not repaid or refinanced prior to their maturity dates, we may not have the funds necessary, or otherwise be able, to repay the debt when it becomes due.

As of December 31, 2016, we had $116 million available for borrowing under our revolving credit facility, net of letters of credit that have been issued under the revolving credit facility and that are outstanding on such date. In addition, we may incur obligations that do not constitute indebtedness such as commitments to operating leases and commitments to purchase goods and services from specific suppliers related to information technology as disclosed further in the footnotes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this document. To the extent we incur any of these obligations, the risks associated with our substantial level of indebtedness would increase, which could further limit our financial and operational flexibility.

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Our substantial level of indebtedness and obligations could have important consequences for us, including the following:

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requiring a substantial portion of cash flow from operations to be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, therefore reducing our ability to use our cash flow to fund our capital expenditure and future business opportunities;

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exposing us to the risk of higher interest rates because certain of our borrowings are at variable rates of interest, including the impact of LIBOR interest rates on our dollar denominated floating rate debt;

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restricting us from making strategic acquisitions or causing us to make non-strategic divestitures;

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limiting our ability to obtain additional equity or debt financing for general corporate purposes, acquisitions, investments, capital expenditures or other strategic purposes;

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limiting our ability to adjust to changing business conditions and placing us at a competitive disadvantage to our less highly leveraged competitors; and

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making us more vulnerable to general economic downturns and adverse developments in our business.

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The above factors could limit our financial and operational flexibility, and as a result could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our senior secured credit agreement contains restrictions that may limit our flexibility in operating our business.

Our senior secured credit agreement contains various covenants that limit our ability to engage in specified types of transactions. These covenants limit our ability to, among other things:

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incur additional indebtedness;

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pay dividends on, repurchase or make distributions in respect of equity interests or make other share payments;

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make certain investments;

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sell certain assets;

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create liens on certain assets to secure debt;

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consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets;

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enter into certain transactions with affiliates; and

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designate our subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries.

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In addition, under our senior secured credit agreement, we are required to satisfy and maintain compliance with a first lien net leverage ratio. Our ability to meet this requirement can be affected by events beyond our control and, in the longer term, we may not be able to meet such requirement. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under our senior secured credit agreement. Upon the occurrence of an event of default under our senior secured credit agreement, the lenders could elect to declare all amounts outstanding under our senior secured credit agreement to be immediately due and payable and terminate all commitments to extend further credit under our senior secured credit agreement. If we are unable to repay those amounts, the lenders under our senior secured credit agreement could take action or exercise remedies, including proceedings against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness. We have pledged a significant portion of our assets as collateral under our senior secured credit agreement. If the lenders under our senior secured credit agreement accelerate the repayment of borrowings, we may not have sufficient assets to repay amounts outstanding under our senior secured credit agreement, as well as our other indebtedness.

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Our pension and post-retirement benefit plans are underfunded and will require future cash contributions, which could be higher than we expect and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and liquidity.

We sponsor pension and post-retirement benefit plans in and outside of the U.S. As of December 31, 2016, our U.S. and non-U.S. pension and post-retirement benefit plans were underfunded by an aggregate of  $134 million. We are required to make cash contributions to these plans in the future, and those cash contributions could be significant. In 2017, we expect to make cash contributions of approximately $3 million in the aggregate to our U.S. and non-U.S. pension and post-retirement benefit plans, which we believe will be sufficient to meet the minimum funding requirements. However, our future funding obligations for our pension and post-retirement benefit plans depend on the levels of benefits provided for by these plans, the future performance of assets set aside for these plans, the rates of interest used to determine funding levels, actuarial data and experience and any changes in applicable laws and regulations. Accordingly, our future funding requirements for our pension and post-retirement benefit plans could be higher than expected, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and liquidity.

In addition, our pension plans hold investments in equity securities and mutual funds. If the market values of these securities decline, our pension expense and funding requirements will increase. Any decrease in interest rates and asset returns, if and to the extent not offset by contributions, could increase our obligations under our pension plans. If the performance of assets held in these pension plans does not meet our expectations, our cash contributions for these plans could be higher than we expect, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and liquidity.

Government regulation could impose taxes or other burdens on us, which could increase our costs or decrease demand for our products.

We rely upon generally accepted interpretations of tax laws and regulations in the countries in which we have customers and for which we provide travel inventory. We cannot be certain that these interpretations are accurate or that the responsible taxing authority is in agreement with our views. The imposition of additional taxes could cause us to have to pay taxes that we currently do not pay or collect on behalf of authorities and increase the costs of our products or services, which would increase our costs of operations.

Changes in tax laws or interpretations thereof may result in an increase in our effective tax rate.

We have operations in various countries that have differing tax laws and tax rates. A significant portion of our revenue and income is earned in countries with low corporate tax rates. Our income tax reporting is subject to audit by domestic and foreign authorities. Our effective tax rate may change from year to year based on changes in the mix of activities and income allocated or earned among various jurisdictions, tax laws in these jurisdictions, tax treaties between countries, our eligibility for benefits under those tax treaties and the estimated values of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Such changes, which, among other reasons, may arise from ongoing inter-governmental and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)-led proposals on international corporate taxation, specific changes in the U.K. to the tax deductibility of interest and proposed changes to the U.S. tax system, including border adjustments, could result in an increase in the effective tax rate applicable to all or a portion of our income, which would adversely affect our financial performance.

We may become subject to taxes in Bermuda after March 31, 2035, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and your investment.

The Bermuda Minister of Finance, under the Exempted Undertakings Tax Protection Act 1966 of Bermuda, as amended, has given us an assurance that if any legislation is enacted in Bermuda that would impose tax computed on profits or income, or computed on any capital asset, gain or appreciation, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, then the imposition of any such tax will not be applicable to us or any of our operations, shares, debentures or other obligations until March 31, 2035, except insofar as such tax applies to persons ordinarily resident in Bermuda or to any taxes payable by us in respect of real property owned or leased by us in Bermuda. Given the limited duration of the Bermuda Minister of Finance’s assurance, we cannot assure you that we will not be subject to any Bermuda tax after March 31, 2035.

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Fluctuations in the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar and other currencies may adversely impact our results of operations.

Our results of operations are reported in U.S. dollars. While most of our revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars, a portion of our revenue and costs is denominated in other currencies, such as the British pound, the Euro and the Australian dollar. As a result, we face exposure to adverse movements in currency exchange rates. The results of our operations and our operating expenses are exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations as the financial results of those operations are translated from local currency into U.S. dollars upon consolidation. If the U.S. dollar weakens against the local currency, the translation of these foreign currency-based local operations will result in increased net assets, revenue, operating expenses, and net income or loss. Similarly, our local currency-based net assets, revenue, operating expenses, and net income or loss will decrease if the U.S. dollar strengthens against local currency. Additionally, transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency may result in gains and losses that may adversely impact our results of operations.

The results of the United Kingdom’s referendum on withdrawal from the European Union may have a negative effect on global economic conditions, financial markets and our business.

In June 2016, a majority of voters in the U.K. elected to withdraw from the E.U. in a national referendum. The referendum was advisory, and the terms of any withdrawal are subject to a negotiation period that could last at least two years after the U.K. government formally initiates a withdrawal process. Nevertheless, the referendum has created significant uncertainties and instability in financial and trade markets. As an E.U. member state, the U.K. and U.K.-based businesses have access to strong financial and trade relationships, including the E.U. Single Market. Given the lack of precedent, it is unclear how a potential withdrawal of the U.K. from the E.U. would affect the U.K.’s access to the E.U. Single Market and other important financial and trade relationships and how it would affect us. A withdrawal could, among other outcomes, disrupt the free movement of goods, services and people between the U.K. and the E.U., undermine bilateral cooperation in key policy areas and significantly disrupt trade between the U.K. and the E.U. Under current E.U. rules, following a withdrawal, the U.K. would not be able to negotiate bilateral trade agreements with member countries of the E.U. In addition, a withdrawal of the U.K. from the E.U. could significantly affect the fiscal, monetary and regulatory landscape, including with respect to data protection and privacy, within the U.K. and could have a material impact on its economy and the future growth of its various industries. Although it is not possible to predict fully the effects of a withdrawal of the U.K. from the E.U., if it were to occur it could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Material modifications of U.S. laws and regulations and existing trade agreements could adversely affect global economic conditions, financial markets and our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Significant changes in U.S. laws and regulations and existing international trade agreements could affect a wide variety of industries and businesses, including our business. Such changes could cause a decline in travel volume and have an adverse impact on the travel industry and, as a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We have significant operations in Europe that may be adversely affected by the economic and political conditions in the eurozone.

We own and operate subsidiaries in substantially all of the countries in the eurozone. Due to the deterioration of credit and economic conditions in the eurozone, the future of the euro is uncertain. Certain countries in which we operate, including Greece, have received financial aid packages from the E.U., in the form of loans and restructuring of their sovereign debt and have introduced comprehensive fiscal austerity measures. We continue to monitor the situation in Greece, as well as other countries in the eurozone, and the potential impact on our business. For example, as of December 31, 2016, our total Greece related assets were $21 million, primarily comprised of VAT receivables, trade receivables, and customer loyalty payments and prepaid incentives. It is possible that certain eurozone countries could leave the euro currency in the future. The resulting macroeconomic impact of this remains unknown.

In addition, key elections are scheduled to take place in Europe in 2017, including in the Czech Republic, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, and Slovenia. The uncertainty relating to,

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and outcomes of, such pending elections could create adverse political and economic conditions in Europe and worldwide that could affect the global economy, which could adversely affect our business.

Legal and Regulatory Risks

We may not be able to protect our technology and intellectual property effectively, which would allow competitors to duplicate our products and services and could make it more difficult for us to compete with them.

Our success and ability to compete depend, in part, upon our technology and other intellectual property, including our brands. Among our significant assets are our software and other proprietary information and intellectual property rights. We rely on a combination of copyright, trademark and patent laws, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect these assets. Our software and related documentation are protected principally under trade secret and copyright laws, which afford only limited protection. Unauthorized use and misuse of our technology and other intellectual property could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, and there can be no assurance that our legal remedies would adequately compensate us for the damage caused by unauthorized use.

Intellectual property challenges have been increasingly brought against members of the travel industry. We have in the past, and may in the future, need to take legal action to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our intellectual property or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. Any future legal action might result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and the attention of our management.

Third parties may claim that we have infringed their intellectual property rights, which could expose us to substantial damages and restrict our operations.

We have faced and in the future could face claims that we have infringed the patents, copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual property rights of others. In addition, we may be required to indemnify travel providers for claims made against them. Any claims against us or such providers could require us to spend significant time and money in litigation or pay damages. Such claims could also delay or prohibit the use of existing, or the release of new, products, services or processes, and the development of new intellectual property. We could be required to obtain licenses to the intellectual property that is the subject of the infringement claims, and resolution of these matters may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. Intellectual property claims against us could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and such claims may result in a loss of intellectual property protections that relate to certain parts of our business.

Our processing, storage, use and disclosure of personal data could give rise to liabilities or business loss as a result of governmental regulation, conflicting legal requirements, evolving security standards, differing views of personal privacy rights or security breaches.

In the processing of our travel transactions, we receive and store a large volume of personally identifiable information. This information is increasingly subject to legislation and regulations in numerous jurisdictions around the world, typically intended to protect the privacy and security of personal information. It is also subject to evolving security standards for credit card and personal information that is collected, processed and transmitted.

We could be adversely affected if legislation or regulations are expanded to require changes in our business practices or if governing jurisdictions interpret or implement their legislation or regulations in ways that negatively affect our business. For example, in 2015, the Court of Justice of the E.U. invalidated the European Commission’s finding that the Safe Harbor program, in which we previously participated, provided adequate data protection according to E.U. standards. Travel businesses have also been subjected to investigations, lawsuits and adverse publicity due to allegedly improper disclosure of passenger information. As privacy and data protection have become more sensitive and politicized issues, we may also become exposed to potential liabilities in relation to our handling, use and disclosure of travel related data, as it pertains to individuals, as a result of differing views on the privacy of such data. Our business could be

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affected by public concerns in some parts of the world about U.S.-based data processing following revelations of National Security Agency surveillance activities, even though these revelations and activities did not involve Travelport. These and other privacy concerns, including security breaches, could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business is regulated, and any failure to comply with such regulations or any changes in such regulations could adversely affect us.

We operate in a regulated industry. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by unfavorable changes in or the enactment of new laws, rules and/or regulations applicable to us, which could decrease demand for products and services, increase costs or subject us to additional liabilities. Moreover, regulatory authorities have relatively broad discretion to grant, renew and revoke licenses and approvals and to implement regulations. Accordingly, such regulatory authorities could prevent or temporarily suspend us from carrying on some or all of our activities or otherwise penalize us if our practices were found not to comply with the then current regulatory or licensing requirements or any interpretation of such requirements by the regulatory authority. Our failure to comply with any of these requirements or interpretations could have a material adverse effect on our operations.

We store a large volume of personally identifiable information which is subject to legislation and regulation in numerous jurisdictions around the world, including in the U.S. and in Europe.

In Europe, computerized reservation systems, or CRS, regulations or interpretations of them may increase our cost of doing business or lower our revenue, limit our ability to sell marketing data, impact relationships with travel agencies, airlines, rail companies, or others, impair the enforceability of existing agreements with travel agencies and other users of our system, prohibit or limit us from offering services or products, or limit our ability to establish or change fees.

The CRS regulations require a GDS to display a rail or rail/air alternative to air travel on the first screen of their principal displays in certain circumstances. We currently have few rail participants in our GDS. We can display direct point to point rail services in our GDS principal displays, for those rail operators that participate in our GDS. Given the lack of standardization in the rail industry, displaying rail connections in a similar way to airline connections is extremely complex, particularly in relation to journey planning, fare quotation, ticketing and booking systems. We are working towards a solution that will include functionality to search, shop and book connected rail alternatives at such time as the rail industry in Europe agrees on and provides a standard framework to do so.

Continued regulation of GDSs in the E.U. and elsewhere could also create the operational challenge of supporting different products, services and business practices to conform to the different regulatory regimes.

Our failure to comply with these laws and regulations may subject us to fines, penalties and potential criminal violations. Any changes to these laws or regulations or any new laws or regulations may make it more difficult for us to operate our business and may have a material adverse effect on our operations. We do not currently maintain a central database of regulatory requirements affecting our worldwide operations and, as a result, the risk of non-compliance with the laws and regulations described above is heightened.

We may be classified as a passive foreign investment company, which could result in adverse United States federal income tax consequences to United States Holders of our common shares.

Based on the current and anticipated value of our assets and the composition of our income and assets, we do not expect to be treated as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for United States federal income tax purposes for our current taxable year ending December 31, 2016. However, the application of the PFIC rules is subject to uncertainty in several respects, and we cannot assure you that the United States Internal Revenue Service will not take a contrary position. A non-United States corporation will be a PFIC for any taxable year if either (i) at least 75% of its gross income for such year is passive income or (ii) at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly value of the assets) during such year is attributable to assets that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income. A separate determination must be made after the close of each taxable year as to whether we were a PFIC for that year. Because the value of our assets for purposes of the PFIC test generally will be determined by reference to the market price of our common shares, a significant decrease

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in the market price of our common shares may cause us to become a PFIC. If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a United States Holder holds a common share, certain adverse United States federal income tax consequences could apply to such United States Holder.

From time to time, we may be involved in legal proceedings and may experience unfavorable outcomes.

We are, and in the future may be, subject to material legal proceedings in the course of our business, including, but not limited to, actions relating to contract disputes, business practices, intellectual property and other commercial and tax matters. Such legal proceedings may involve claims for substantial amounts of money or for other relief or might necessitate changes to our business or operations, and the defense of such actions may be both time consuming and expensive. Further, if any such proceedings were to result in an unfavorable outcome, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations. Currently, we are involved in a legal proceeding that involves claims against us, Amadeus and Sabre that allege violations of the Sherman Act, state antitrust laws and state consumer protection laws. See Part I, Item 3—Legal Proceedings of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Risks Related to Our Common Shares

The market price and trading volume of our common shares may be volatile, which could result in rapid and substantial losses for our shareholders.

The market price of our common shares may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. During 2016, the price of our common shares, as reported by NYSE, ranged from a low of $8.50 on February 9, 2016 to a high of $15.15 on September 27, 2016. In addition, the trading volume in our common shares may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. If the market price of our common shares declines significantly, shareholders may be unable to sell their common shares at or above the purchase price, if at all. The market price of our common shares may fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could negatively affect the price of our common shares or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our common shares include: variations in our quarterly operating results; failure to meet our earnings estimates; publication of research reports about us or the travel industry or the failure of securities analysts to cover our common shares; additions or departures of our executive officers and other key management personnel; adverse market reaction to any indebtedness we may incur or securities we may issue in the future; actions by shareholders; changes in market valuations of similar companies; speculation in the press or investment community; changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations or differing interpretations thereof affecting our business or enforcement of these laws and regulations, or announcements relating to these matters; adverse publicity about the travel industry generally or individual scandals, specifically, and general market and economic conditions.

If we do not pay additional cash dividends in the foreseeable future, the price of our common shares may be depressed.

The declaration and payment of all future dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our Board and will depend upon our financial condition, earnings, contractual conditions, restrictions imposed by our senior secured credit agreement, any future indebtedness or preferred securities or applicable laws and other factors that our Board may deem relevant. In addition, pursuant to Bermuda law and our bye-laws, no dividends may be declared or paid if there are reasonable grounds for believing that: (i) we are, or would after the payment be, unable to pay our liabilities as they become due or (ii) that the realizable value of our assets would thereby be less than our liabilities. As a result, shareholders may not receive any return on an investment in our common shares unless such common shares are sold for a price greater than that for which shareholders paid.

Anti-takeover provisions in our bye-laws may delay, discourage or prevent a change in control.

Our bye-laws contain provisions that may delay, discourage or prevent a merger or acquisition that a shareholder may consider favorable. Such provisions include, but are not limited to, shareholder advance notice and the issuance of preference shares. As a result, shareholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their common shares.

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We are a Bermuda company, and it may be difficult for shareholders to enforce judgments against us or certain of our directors or officers.

We are a Bermuda limited liability exempted company. We have been advised by our Bermuda counsel that there is no treaty in force between the United States and Bermuda providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters. As a result, whether a U.S. judgment would be enforceable in Bermuda depends on whether the U.S. court that entered the judgment is recognized by a Bermuda court as having jurisdiction over it, as determined by reference to Bermuda conflict of law rules. The courts of Bermuda would recognize as a valid judgment, a final and conclusive judgment in personam obtained in a U.S. court pursuant to which a sum of money is payable (other than a sum of money payable in respect of multiple damages, taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or other penalty). The courts of Bermuda would recognize such a U.S. judgment as long as (1) the U.S. court had proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to the judgment, (2) the U.S. court did not contravene the rules of natural justice of Bermuda, (3) the U.S. judgment was not obtained by fraud, (4) the enforcement of the U.S. judgment would not be contrary to the public policy of Bermuda, (5) no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted prior to the rendering of the judgment by the courts of Bermuda and (6) there is due compliance with the correct procedures under the laws of Bermuda.

In addition to and irrespective of jurisdictional issues, Bermuda courts will not enforce a provision of the United States federal securities law that is either penal in nature or contrary to public policy. It is the advice of our Bermuda counsel that an action brought pursuant to a public or penal law, the purpose of which is the enforcement of a sanction, power or right at the instance of the state in its sovereign capacity, is unlikely to be entertained by Bermuda courts. Specified remedies available under the laws of U.S. jurisdictions, including specified remedies under United States federal securities laws, would not be available under Bermuda law or enforceable in a Bermuda court, as they are likely to be contrary to Bermuda public policy. Further, no claim may be brought in Bermuda in the first instance for a violation of United States federal securities laws because these laws have no extraterritorial application under Bermuda law and do not have force of law in Bermuda.

Our bye-laws require that derivative actions brought in our name, actions against directors, officers and employees for breach of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in Bermuda as the exclusive forum for such actions, which could limit our shareholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.

Our bye-laws require, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that derivative actions brought in the name of the Company, actions against directors, officers and employees for breach of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in Bermuda, and if brought outside of Bermuda, the shareholder bringing the suit will be deemed to have consented to service of process on such shareholder’s counsel. The choice of forum provision in our bye-laws may limit our shareholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us and have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of bye-laws inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.

Persons who own our common shares may have more difficulty in protecting their interests than persons who are shareholders of a U.S. corporation.

The Companies Act 1981, as amended, of Bermuda, which applies to us, differs in certain material respects from laws generally applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. As a result, persons who own our common shares may have more difficulty in protecting their interests than persons who are shareholders of a U.S. corporation.

If we are unable to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in the future, shareholders may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the trading price of our common shares may be negatively affected.

We are subject to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (“SOX”), which requires us to maintain internal controls over financial reporting and to report any material weaknesses in such internal controls.

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We have consumed and will continue to consume management resources and incur expenses for SOX compliance on an ongoing basis. If we identify material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, or if we are unable to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, and the trading price of our common shares could be negatively affected, and we could become subject to investigations by the NYSE, the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional financial and management resources.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Headquarters and Corporate Offices

Our principal executive office is located in Langley in the United Kingdom, under a lease with a term of 20 years that expires in June 2022. We also have an office in Atlanta, Georgia, under a lease with a term of 12 years that expires in December 2024.

Operations

Our operational business global headquarters are located in Langley, U.K. Our operational business U.S. headquarters are located in Atlanta, Georgia.

In addition, we have leased facilities in 45 countries that function as call centers or fulfillment or sales offices. Our product development centers are located in leased offices in Denver, Colorado under a lease expiring in November 2025, leased offices in Kansas City, Missouri under a lease expiring in February 2021 and leased offices in Gurgaon, India under a lease expiring in August 2019, with our option to renew. As announced in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 5, 2016, we will be consolidating our three existing U.S. technology hubs in Atlanta, Denver and Kansas City into two centers in Atlanta and Denver.

The table below provides a summary of our key facilities, all of which are leased:

We recently signed an agreement to divest our 51% interest in IGTS, a Gurgaon-based technology development company.

Data Center

We operate an in-house data center out of leased facilities in Atlanta, Georgia, pursuant to a lease that expires in August 2022. Our data center powers our consolidated Travel Commerce Platform and provides access 24 hours a day, seven days a week and 365 days a year. The facility is a hardened building housing two data centers: one used by us and the other used by Delta Air Lines. We and Delta Air Lines each have equal space and infrastructure at the Atlanta facility. Our Atlanta data center comprises 94,000 square feet of raised floor space, 27,000 square feet of office space and 39,000 square feet of facilities support area.

We believe that our properties are sufficient to meet our present needs, and we do not anticipate any difficulty in securing additional space, as needed, on acceptable terms.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Consumer Antitrust Class Action

On July 14, 2015 and July 17, 2015, approximately 24 plaintiffs filed purported class action lawsuits against us, Amadeus and Sabre in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Gordon et al. and Kolman et al. v. Amadeus IT Group, S.A., Amadeus North America, Inc., Amadeus Americas, Inc., Sabre Corporation f/k/a Sabre Holdings Corporation, Sabre Holdings Corporation, Sabre GLBL Inc., Sabre Travel International Limited, Travelport Worldwide Limited, and Travelport LP d/b/a Travelport.) A consolidated, amended complaint was filed on October 2, 2015 (the “Amended Complaint”). The Amended Complaint alleges violations of the Sherman Act, state antitrust laws and state consumer protection laws by defendants beginning in 2006. In particular, the plaintiffs claim there was a conspiracy among us and the other defendants to maintain higher fees and restrict competition for airfare bookings that prevents airline discounting. On January 15, 2016, the defendants moved to dismiss the Amended Complaint. On July 6, 2016, the court granted in part and denied in part defendants’ motion thereby dismissing the plaintiffs’ state law claims for damages in full, but declined to dismiss the plaintiffs’ Sherman Act claim, which seeks injunctive relief. At this time, the outcome of this lawsuit cannot be determined, but we believe the plaintiffs’ claims are without merit, and we will continue to defend the claims vigorously.

DOJ

On May 19, 2011, we received a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) from the United States Department of Justice, which seeks our documents and data in connection with an investigation into whether there have been “horizontal and vertical restraints of trade by global distribution systems.” We have complied with the CID, and the investigation remains open.

Other

In addition, we are a party to various litigation matters incidental to the conduct of our business. We do not believe that the outcome of any of the matters in which we are currently involved will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of our operations or our liquidity position.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable.

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PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Price of Common Shares

Our common shares are currently traded on the NYSE under the symbol “TVPT.” The following table sets forth the quarterly high and low sales prices per common share as reported by NYSE for 2016 and 2015. At February 20, 2017, the number of shareholders of record was 26.

Dividend Policy

We paid a dividend on our common shares in each of the four quarters of 2016 and 2015 of  $0.075 per common share. We intend to fund any future dividends from cash generated from our operations. The declaration and payment of all future dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our Board and will depend upon our financial condition, earnings, contractual conditions, restrictions imposed by our senior secured credit agreement, any future indebtedness or preferred securities or applicable laws and other factors that our Board may deem relevant. In addition, pursuant to Bermuda law and our bye-laws, no dividends may be declared or paid if there are reasonable grounds for believing that: (i) we are, or would after the payment be, unable to pay our liabilities as they become due or (ii) that the realizable value of our assets would thereby be less than our liabilities.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

Since January 1, 2014, we have issued and sold the following securities without registration under the Securities Act of 1933:

2014 Debt-For-Equity Exchanges

On February 26, 2014, we entered into separate, individually negotiated private exchange agreements to issue an aggregate of approximately 7 million common shares in exchange for $135 million principal amount of Travelport LLC’s subordinated debt. The offers and sales of these securities were made in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 only in the United States to “qualified institutional buyers” as defined in Rule 144A.

On June 19, 2014, we entered into separate, individually negotiated private exchange agreements to exchange an aggregate of  $182 million of Travelport LLC’s and Travelport Holdings, Inc.’s 11.785% Senior Subordinated Dollar Notes due 2016, 10.875% Senior Subordinated Euro Notes due 2016, 13.875% Senior Fixed Rate Notes and Senior Floating Rate Notes due 2016 into approximately 9.1 million common shares at a value of  $20.50 per common share. The offers and sales of these securities were made in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 only in the United States to “qualified institutional buyers” as defined in Rule 144A.

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On June 27, 2014, we commenced an offer of common shares in exchange for the following outstanding debt securities issued by Travelport LLC and Travelport Holdings, Inc.: (i) Senior Floating Rate Notes Due 2016; (ii) 13.875% Senior Fixed Rate Notes Due 2016; (iii) 11.875% Senior Subordinated Fixed Rate Notes Due 2016; (iv) 11.875% Dollar Senior Subordinated Fixed Rate Notes Due 2016; and (v) 10.875% Senior Subordinated Euro Fixed Rate Notes Due 2016. An aggregate of approximately $164 million principal amount of notes were tendered and accepted in exchange for approximately 8.2 million common shares at a value of  $20.50 per common share. The offers and sales of these securities were made in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 (i) in the United States to “qualified institutional buyers” as defined in Rule 144A and (ii) either (A) in the United States to holders of notes who were “accredited investors” or (B) outside of the United States to certain non-U.S. persons in offshore transactions in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933.

On July 11, 2014, we entered into an agreement to issue certain Travelport LLC term loan lenders approximately 4.6 million common shares, at a value of  $20.50 per common share, in exchange for the purchase of approximately $91 million of first and second lien term loans under Travelport LLC’s sixth amended and restated credit agreement and second lien credit agreement. The offers and sales of these securities were made in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 only in the United States to “qualified institutional buyers” as defined in Rule 144A.

Equity Awards

From January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016, we granted 693,296 restricted share units (“RSUs”) and performance share units (“PSUs”) under our equity compensation plans, and we issued 237,198 common shares under our 2013 Long-Term Management Incentive Program.

We deemed the issuances and sales described above as exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 or in reliance on Rule 701 of the Securities Act of 1933 as offers and sales of securities under compensatory benefit plans and contracts relating to compensation in compliance with Rule 701. Each of the recipients of securities in any transaction exempt from registration either received or had adequate access, through employment, business or other relationships, to information about us. For each of the transactions listed above, share certificates were not issued, but appropriate legends were included at each issuance.

Purchases of Equity Securities By the Issuer and Affiliated Purchases

The following is a summary of our repurchases of common shares by month for the year ended December 31, 2016:

(a)

Includes common shares that we withheld to satisfy employees’ tax liabilities attributable to the vesting of RSUs and PSUs.

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Performance Graph

The following graph and table show the cumulative total shareholder return of our common shares against the cumulative total returns of the Russell 2000 Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Travel & Leisure Index from September 25, 2014 and ending December 31, 2016. The Russell 2000 Index measures the performance of the small-cap segment of the U.S. equity universe, and the Dow Jones U.S. Travel & Leisure Index measures the performance of U.S. stocks in the travel and leisure sector. The graph and the table depict the result of an investment on September 25, 2014 of  $100 in our common shares, the Russell 2000 Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Travel & Leisure Index, including investment of dividends. Historic share performance is not necessarily indicative of future share price performance.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table sets forth our selected consolidated historical financial information and other data as of the dates and for the periods indicated as set out below:

•

The consolidated statements of operations data and the consolidated statements of cash flows data for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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•

The consolidated statements of operations data and the consolidated statements of cash flows data for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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In May 2011, we completed the sale of our Gullivers Travel Associates (“GTA”) business to Kuoni Travel Holdings Ltd. (“Kuoni”) which qualified to be reported as discontinued operations. The gain from the disposal of the GTA business and the results of operations of the GTA business were presented as discontinued operations in our consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of cash flows. In connection with this sale, we agreed to indemnify Kuoni up to January 2018 for certain potential tax liabilities relating to pre-sale. An estimate of our obligations under those indemnities is included within other non-current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. During the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, we either settled certain of our obligations under those indemnities and/or determined the liabilities would not be payable due to the expiration of the statute of limitations and realized a gain which was included within “Gain from disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax” in our consolidated statements of operations.

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The following selected consolidated historical financial and other data are qualified in their entirety by reference to, and should be read in conjunction with, our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto and the information under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Consolidated Statements of Operations Data

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Consolidated Balance Sheets Data

(1)

In the fourth quarter of 2016, we early adopted the U.S. GAAP guidance on balance sheet presentation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, whereby all deferred tax assets and liabilities in a jurisdiction, along with any related valuation allowance, are classified as non-current assets or liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2016, we netted $13 million of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities and reclassified $5 million of current deferred tax assets and $0 of current deferred tax liabilities to non-current deferred tax assets and liabilities, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. The prior period information was not retrospectively adjusted.

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(2)

As of January 1, 2016, we adopted the U.S. GAAP guidance on reclassification of unamortized debt finance costs, previously disclosed as an asset on the consolidated balance sheets, to be presented as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the associated debt liability. As a result, we have reclassified our unamortized debt finance costs of  $24 million, included within other non-current assets, related to the term loans as of December 31, 2015 and have presented these costs as a deduction from the carrying value of the long-term debt. The corresponding amounts shown above for non-current assets and long-term debt as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 have not been restated to deduct unamortized debt finance costs of  $28 million, $28 million and $66 million as of each balance sheet date, respectively, since the impact of the adoption of this guidance was not material to our consolidated financial statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Data

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Selected Quarterly Consolidated Financial Data—Unaudited

Provided below is selected unaudited quarterly financial data for 2016 and 2015:

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition for each of the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP and included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following discussion and analysis includes forward-looking statements that reflect the current view of management and involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements as a result of factors discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly under the headings “Item 1A: Risk Factors” and “Forward-Looking Statements.”

Overview

We are a leading travel commerce platform providing distribution, technology, payment, mobile and other solutions for the global travel and tourism industry. We facilitate travel commerce by connecting the world’s leading travel providers, such as airlines and hotel chains, with online and offline travel agencies and other travel buyers in our proprietary B2B travel commerce platform. In 2016, we processed approximately $79 billion of travel spending. Since 2012, we have strategically invested in products with a focus on redefining our Travel Commerce Platform to address the trends, inefficiencies and unmet needs of all components of the travel value chain.

We have one reporting segment, and we further classify revenue according to its source as either Travel Commerce Platform revenue (comprised of Air and Beyond Air) or Technology Services revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Air, Beyond Air and Technology Services represented 70%, 25% and 5%, respectively, of our net revenue.

Travel Commerce Platform

Our Travel Commerce Platform combines state-of-the-art technology with features, functionality and innovative solutions to address the high-volume and growing transaction processing requirements for the evolving needs of the travel industry.

Air

We provide comprehensive real-time search, pricing, booking, change, payment and integrated itinerary creation for travelers who use the services of online and offline travel agencies for both leisure and business travel. We provide such services to approximately 400 airlines globally, including approximately 125 LCCs. Our access to business travelers, merchandising capabilities and ability to process complex itineraries have attracted and allowed for the full integration of several fast-growing LCCs such as AirAsia, easyJet, IndiGo and Ryanair into our Travel Commerce Platform.

Beyond Air

We have expanded our Travel Commerce Platform with a fast growing portfolio of Beyond Air initiatives. Our Beyond Air portfolio includes hospitality, payment solutions, digital services, advertising and other platform services.

For the hospitality sector of the travel industry, we provide innovative distribution and merchandising solutions for hotel, car rental, rail, cruise-line and tour operators.

For payment solutions, eNett’s core offering is VANs that automatically generate unique Mastercard numbers used to process payments globally. eNett’s operations currently focus on Asia Pacific and Europe, and we believe the model is highly scalable.

Following our acquisition of Travelport Digital (formerly, MTT) in July 2015, we also provide a mobile travel platform and digital product set that allows airlines, hotels, corporate travel management companies and travel agencies to engage with their customers through mobile services, including apps, mobile web and mobile messaging.

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In addition to hospitality, payment solutions and digital services, we utilize the broad connections and extensive data managed by our Travel Commerce Platform to provide advertising solutions to over 3,000 advertisers that allow our travel providers to easily and cost-effectively promote upgrades, ancillary products or services, package deals and other offers. We also offer other platform services, including subscription services, processing services, business intelligence data services and marketing-oriented analytical tools, to travel agencies, travel providers and other travel data users.

Technology Services

We provide critical hosting solutions to airlines, such as pricing, shopping, ticketing, ground handling and other services, enabling them to focus on their core business competencies and reduce costs. We also host reservations, inventory management and other related critical systems for Delta. In addition, we own 51% of IGTS, a technology development services provider based in Gurgaon, India that is used for both internal and external software development. We recently signed an agreement to divest our 51% interest in IGTS.

Management Performance Metrics

Our management team monitors the performance of our operations against our strategic objectives. We assess our performance using both financial and non-financial measures. As a Travel Commerce Platform, we measure performance primarily on the basis of changes in both Reported Segments and RevPas. Travel Commerce Platform RevPas is computed by dividing Travel Commerce Platform revenue by the total number of Reported Segments. Travel Commerce Platform revenue is generated from a wide portfolio of products and services, including traditional air bookings, ancillaries, hospitality, payment solutions, digital services, advertising and other platform services. Reported Segments is defined as travel provider revenue generating units (net of cancellations) sold by our travel agency network, geographically presented by region based upon the point of sale location. We also use other GAAP and non-GAAP measures as performance metrics.

The table below sets out our performance metrics:

*

Percentage calculated not meaningful

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(1)

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as Adjusted Net Income (Loss) excluding depreciation and amortization of property and equipment, amortization of customer loyalty payments, interest expense, net (excluding unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate derivative instruments) and related income taxes.

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(2)

Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) is defined as Adjusted EBITDA less depreciation and amortization of property and equipment and amortization of customer loyalty payments.

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(3)

Adjusted Net Income (Loss) is defined as net income (loss) from continuing operations excluding amortization of acquired intangible assets, gain (loss) on early extinguishment of debt, share of earnings (losses) in equity method investments, and items that are excluded under our debt covenants, such as gain on the sale of shares of Orbitz Worldwide, non-cash equity-based compensation, certain corporate and restructuring costs, non-cash impairment of long-lived assets, certain litigation and related costs and other non-cash items such as unrealized foreign currency gains (losses) on euro denominated debt and earnings hedges, and unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate derivative instruments, along with any income tax related to these exclusions.

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(4)

Adjusted Income (Loss) per Share—diluted is defined as Adjusted Net Income (Loss) for the period divided by the weighted average number of dilutive common shares.

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(5)

Free Cash Flow is defined as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities of continuing operations, less cash used for additions to property and equipment.

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(6)

Adjusted Free Cash Flow is defined as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities of continuing operations, adjusted to remove the impact of cash paid for other adjusting items which we believe are unrelated to our ongoing operations and to deduct capital expenditures on property and equipment additions, capital lease and other indebtedness repayments (“Capital Expenditure”).

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We utilize non-GAAP (or adjusted) financial measures, including Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Operating Income (Loss), Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted Net Income (Loss) per Share—diluted, to provide useful supplemental information to assist investors in understanding and assessing our performance and financial results on the same basis that management uses internally. These adjusted financial measures provide investors greater transparency with respect to key metrics used by management to evaluate our core operations, forecast future results, determine future capital investment allocations and understand business trends within the industry. These metrics are also used by our Board of Directors to determine incentive compensation for future periods. Management believes the adjusted financial measures assist investors in the comparison of financial results between periods as such measures exclude certain items that management believes are not reflective of our core operating performance consistent with how management reviews the business.

Adjusted Net Income (Loss), Adjusted Net Income (Loss) per Share—diluted, Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted EBITDA are supplemental measures of operating performance that do not represent, and should not be considered as, alternatives to net income (loss) or net income (loss) per share—diluted, as determined under U.S. GAAP. In addition, these measures may not be comparable to similarly named measures used by other companies. The presentation of these measures has limitations as analytical tools, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP.

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The following table provides a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted Net Income and to Adjusted EBITDA:

(1)

Relates primarily to intangible assets acquired in the sale of Travelport to The Blackstone Group (“Blackstone”) in 2006 and from the acquisition of Worldspan in 2007.

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(2)

Relates to costs associated with corporate development transactions and costs incurred to enhance our organization’s efficiency, including restructuring activity (see Note 9—Restructuring Charges to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K).

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(3)

Impairment of long-lived assets primarily relates to an $8 million impairment of capitalized software and a $3 million impairment of customer loyalty payments for the year ended December 31, 2016 and a $2 million impairment of non-current assets for the year ended December 31, 2014.

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(4)

Other—non cash includes (i) unrealized losses (gains) on foreign currency derivatives contracts and revaluation losses (gains) on our euro denominated debt of  $11 million, $(2) million and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, (ii) unrealized loss (gain) on interest rate derivative instruments of  $6 million and $(9) million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and (iii) other losses (gains) of  $1 million, $(3) million and $(2) million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

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(5)

Tax impact of adjustments primarily relates to equity-based compensation, corporate and restructuring costs and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency derivative contracts and is calculated at the rate applicable for the jurisdiction in which the adjusting item arose.

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(6)

Interest expense, net, excludes the impact of unrealized loss (gain) of  $6 million and $(9) million on interest rate derivative contracts for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which is included within “Other—non cash.”

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The following table provides a reconciliation of income per share – diluted to Adjusted Income per Share—diluted:

We have included Adjusted Income (Loss) per Share – diluted as we believe it is a useful measure for our investors as it represents, on a per share basis, our consolidated results, taking into account depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and amortization of customer loyalty payments, as well as other items which are not allocated to the operating businesses such as interest expense (excluding unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate derivative instruments) and related income taxes but excluding the effects of certain expenses not directly tied to the core operations of our businesses. Adjusted Income (Loss) per Share – diluted has similar limitations as Adjusted Net Income (Loss), Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) and Adjusted EBITDA and may not be comparable to similarly named measures used by other companies. In addition, Adjusted Net Income (Loss) does not include all items that affect our net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share for the period. Therefore, it is important to evaluate these measures along with our consolidated statements of operations.

For a discussion of Free Cash Flow and Adjusted Free Cash Flow, please see “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Cash Flows.”

Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations

Factors Affecting Our Industry Generally

Factors affecting our industry generally and our results of operations include:

•

Macroeconomic and Travel Industry Conditions: Our business model is primarily transaction based and is not based on end-user pricing. Our business and results of operations are, therefore, dependent upon travel volumes, particularly air passengers, and, to an increasing degree, non-air travel volumes, that are affected by general macroeconomic conditions. These conditions include the rate of growth in GDP, the availability and cost of consumer finance, interest and exchange rates, unemployment levels, fuel prices and terrorism, as well as other factors that may affect the travel and tourism industry. The overall impact on the travel and tourism industry of these and other factors can also be influenced by travelers’ perception of, and reaction to, the scope, severity and timing of such conditions. The travel industry has historically shown strong and resilient growth, typically outperforming general macroeconomic performance. Based on IATA Traffic data, scheduled air passenger volume growth has outperformed global GDP growth by approximately two times since 2004.

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•

Pricing Trends for Air Travel Distribution: In recent years, the airline industry, especially in the United States and Europe, has undergone a rapid wave of consolidation, resulting in capacity moderation and increased pricing power for airlines. Airlines around the world also are addressing factors such as fluctuations in fuel and increases in labor and operating costs, which are putting pressure on their margins. Although network airlines are focused on reducing overhead costs, such as the cost of distribution through a traditional GDS, they are also looking for ways to increase their yield through sales of ancillaries, sales to higher-yield passengers, such as business travelers, and growing the number of higher value bookings outside of their home markets. Our Travel Commerce Platform enables airlines to substantially increase their distribution reach through away bookings, which we price at a premium to home bookings. As this part of our business grows, our financial performance will benefit. Our Travel Commerce Platform offers a broad portfolio of value-added functionalities that enables airlines to effectively pursue these revenue enhancing initiatives. The ability of our platform to add this value is unique in the indirect

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distribution channel, which allows us to enter into value-linked pricing of airline contracts that shift the focus of the negotiation away from cost and onto value creation. As a result, we have been able to grow our RevPas over the last two years even when traditional GDS air segment fees have been under pressure.

We believe that securing the content of the world’s leading airlines is value-enhancing for our Travel Commerce Platform, and as a result, we have entered into full content agreements with an increasing number of airlines over recent years. We have full content or distribution parity agreements with approximately 120 airlines, including LCCs, worldwide. These agreements accounted for 69% of our Air revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016. We offer airlines a discount for giving us access to this content. Contracts with airlines that do not provide us with this preferential access include terms that generally allow us to increase segment fees on thirty days notice. The mix of types of airline agreements on our Travel Commerce Platform will continue to impact our revenue. Our value-based pricing model has been instrumental in driving RevPas growth in recent years.

Travel agency commissions constitute a large portion of our operating costs and continue to increase due to competitive factors. We utilize the differentiated and industry leading features, functionality and innovative solutions offered on our Travel Commerce Platform to manage the commissions we pay to travel agencies.

•

Increasing Expansion and Importance of LCCs: Over the past decade, LCCs have become a substantial segment of the air travel industry, generating additional demand for air travel through low fares. LCCs have continued to grow, with LCCs’ share of global air travel volume expected to increase from 17% of revenue passenger kilometers in 2014 to 21% of revenue passenger kilometers by 2034, according to Airbus. LCCs have traditionally relied on direct distribution, but are now increasingly targeting the indirect channel to support their future growth aspirations and expand their offering into higher yield markets and to higher yield customers.

​

Increasingly, we believe that LCCs desire to grow their away bookings, reach leisure travelers seeking complex itineraries typically booked through travel agencies and increase their access to business travelers that use corporate booking tools accessible through GDSs. In addition, we believe that LCCs desire to sell their products, including ancillaries, through the indirect channel in the same manner they sell through the direct channel. Unlike a traditional GDS, we provide XML connectivity and merchandising capabilities, and, therefore, believe we are a natural partner for LCCs. Our access to business travelers, merchandising capabilities and ability to process complex itineraries have attracted and allowed for the full integration of several prominent and fast-growing LCCs such as AirAsia, easyJet, IndiGo and Ryanair into our fully integrated Travel Commerce Platform.

•

Consolidations Within the Travel Industry: The travel industry has experienced consolidation, including airline mergers and alliances, as well as among travel agencies. Examples in the airline industry include the merger of Delta and Northwest Airlines, the merger of United Airlines and Continental Airlines, the merger of British Airways and Iberia and subsequent acquisitions of Aer Lingus and Vueling, the merger of American Airlines and US Airways, the acquisition of AirTran Airways by Southwest Airlines and the acquisition of Virgin America by Alaska Air Group. We have been impacted by consolidations within the airline industry in the past. Further consolidation among airlines could increase our customer concentration, reduce airline seat capacity and increase the negotiating ability of airline travel providers.

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The travel industry also has experienced consolidation among travel agencies, including large OTAs, as well as competition for travel agency customers. For example, in September 2015, Expedia acquired Orbitz Worldwide, after acquiring Travelocity in January 2015. Further consolidation among travel agencies could increase our customer concentration and increase the ability of travel agencies to negotiate higher incentives or customer loyalty payments.

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•

Growing Demand for Improved Distribution in the Fragmented Hotel Industry: The hotel industry remains highly fragmented, with the top ten global hotel chains representing less than 30% of room revenue in every region except North America and Australasia, according to Euromonitor International. The majority of hotels that currently distribute through traditional GDSs consist of large chain hotels that represent a small percentage of total hotel inventory. Independent hotels, as well as small and mid-size chain hotels, have been historically left outside of the traditional GDS distribution channel primarily due to technology connectivity issues. Developments in technology and the ability to aggregate hotel content from OTAs through meta-search technology, however, have created a significant opportunity for growth in this area of distribution, including targeting business travelers. We have already seen the impact of these trends through the growth in our hotel bookings and believe we are well positioned to meet the growing needs of independent hotels and small- to medium-sized chain hotels through our specifically tailored technology solutions.

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•

Growth in Technology Enabled B2B Payment Solutions: Traditionally, travel payments from travel agencies to travel providers have been settled through a variety of methods, such as cash, EFTs, corporate cards, lodge cards and other methods. All of these traditional payment methods bear numerous inefficiencies as well as significant credit-related and fraud-related risks that are costly and time consuming leaving a “white space” for an alternative innovative model, such as VANs. Growth in technology enabled B2B payment solutions benefits us directly through our majority ownership of eNett. In 2016, eNett generated revenue of  $150 million, representing a 64% increase from 2015. We expect eNett to increase its penetration rate in the travel industry and continue to increase its share of our revenue growth.

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Factors Affecting the Company

Factors affecting our results of operations, but not necessarily our entire industry, include:

•

Geographic Mix: Our geographically dispersed footprint helps insulate us from particular country or regional instability, allows for optimal information technology efficiency and enhances our value proposition to travel providers. We are well positioned to capture higher value business from travel providers operating in away markets, which results in higher per transaction revenue for both us and the travel providers we serve. The table below sets forth revenue by region percentages for our Travel Commerce Platform for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014:

​

We expect some of the regions in which we currently operate, such as Asia Pacific, the Middle East and Africa, to experience growth in travel that is greater than the global average due to factors such as economic growth and a growing middle class, while more mature regions, such as the United States, remain stable. As these emerging travel regions may grow at a higher rate than mature regions, the geographic distribution of our revenue may similarly shift.

•

Customer Mix: We believe our customer mix is broadly diversified, supporting our stable and recurring business model with high revenue visibility. We provide air distribution services to approximately 400 airlines globally, including approximately 125 LCCs. In addition, we serve numerous Beyond Air travel providers, including approximately 650,000 hotel properties (of which over 500,000 are independent hotel properties), over 37,000 car rental locations, over 50 cruise-line

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and tour operators and 14 major rail networks worldwide. We aggregate travel content across approximately 68,000 travel agency locations representing over 234,000 online and offline travel agency terminals worldwide, which in turn serves millions of end customers globally. None of our travel buyers or travel providers accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016.

In general, our business is characterized by multi-year travel provider and travel agency contracts. In 2016, we had 66 planned airline contract renewals, and we successfully renewed substantially all of such contracts. We currently have 59 and 36 planned airline contract renewals in 2017 and 2018, respectively, including contracts which roll on annual basis. Travel agency contracts representing approximately 18%, 23%, and 59% of 2016 revenue are up for renewal in 2017, 2018, and beyond, respectively. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to renew our travel provider or travel agency agreements in the future on favorable economic terms, or at all.

•

Renegotiated Legacy Contracts: In February 2014, we entered into a renegotiated long-term agreement under which Orbitz Worldwide uses our services in the United States and other countries. Under the agreement, we paid incremental benefits in 2014, and since then, we have paid and will continue to pay further increased fees for each air, car and hotel segment. Since 2015, Orbitz Worldwide has wider flexibility to use traditional GDS providers for services. In exchange for the enhanced payments, Orbitz Worldwide agreed to generate a minimum specified book of business through our Travel Commerce Platform and pay a shortfall payment if the minimum volume is not met.

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In May 2014, we restructured and extended our Technology Services relationship with Delta. Delta reacquired the data and intellectual property rights central to its passenger service and flight operations systems. We continue to run the systems infrastructure and hosting for the Delta platform in our Atlanta data center on our hardware and with our systems monitoring and support. Effective July 1, 2014, we transitioned approximately 178 employees to Delta.

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Seasonality: Our revenue can experience seasonal fluctuations, reflecting seasonal demand trends for the products and services we offer. These trends generally cause our revenue to be higher in the first and second quarters as compared to the third and fourth quarters of the calendar year. Revenue typically peaks during the first two quarters of the year as travelers plan and purchase their upcoming spring and summer travel.

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Foreign Exchange Fluctuations: We are exposed to movements in currency exchange rates that impact our operating results. While substantially all of our revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars, a portion of our operating cost base, primarily commissions, is transacted in non-U.S. dollar currencies (principally, the British pound, Euro and Australian dollar).

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Litigation and Related Costs: We are involved in various claims, legal proceedings and governmental inquiries related to contract disputes, business practices, intellectual property and other commercial, employment and tax matters. We believe we have adequately accrued for such matters, and for costs of defending against such matters. However, litigation is inherently unpredictable and although we believe that our accruals are adequate and we have valid defenses in these matters, unfavorable resolutions could occur, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or cash flows in a particular reporting period.

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Components of Revenue and Expenses

Revenue Model

Travel Commerce Platform

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Transaction Volume Model: This is our core model and is used broadly across our Travel Commerce Platform. The fee we charge per segment is not dependent on the transaction value of the segment, but is affected by other factors such as whether the booking was made in the travel providers’ home market or in an away market. We also receive revenue for cancellations of

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bookings previously made on our system and when tickets are issued by us that were originally booked on an alternative system. Revenue for air travel reservations is recognized at the time of the booking, net of estimated cancellations. Revenue for car and hotel reservations in Beyond Air is recognized upon fulfillment of the reservation.

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Transaction Value Model: Our payment solutions model earns revenue as a percentage of total transaction value in the form of interchange fees payable by banks. Revenue is recognized when the payment is processed.

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Subscription Fee Model: We collect subscription fees from travel agencies, internet sites and other subscribers to access the applications on our Travel Commerce Platform, including providing the ability to access schedule and fare information, book reservations and issue tickets. Where the contractual terms have fixed amounts of fees, revenue is recognized ratably over the contract period. Where the contractual terms have variable usage of services, revenue is recognized as the services are provided.

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Technology Services

We collect fees, generally on a monthly basis under long-term contracts, for providing critical hosting solutions and other services to airlines such as pricing, shopping, ticketing, ground handling and other solutions. Where the contractual terms have fixed amounts of fees, revenue is recognized ratably over the contract period. Where the contractual terms have variable usage of services, revenue is recognized as the services are provided.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue consists primarily of:

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Commissions: Payments or other consideration to travel agencies and NDCs for reservations made on our Travel Commerce Platform that accrue on a monthly basis. Commissions are provided in two ways depending on the terms of the contract: (i) variable per segment on a periodic basis over the term of the contract and (ii) upfront at the inception or modification of contracts, which is capitalized and amortized over the expected life of the contract and includes customer loyalty payments. The variable and amortized portion of the upfront incentive consideration is recorded within cost of revenue. Cost of revenue also includes incentive considerations to travel agencies and bank service charges for payment solutions.

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Technology Costs: The direct technology costs relate to revenue production, consisting of the maintenance and development costs for the mainframes, servers and software that is the shared infrastructure used to run our Travel Commerce Platform and Technology Services. Such costs consist of:

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service contracts with IBM, Cisco and other technology service providers, including on-site around-the-clock support for computer equipment and the cost of software licenses used to run our Travel Commerce Platform and our data center;

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other operating costs associated with running our Travel Commerce Platform, including facility and other running costs of our data center;

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telecommunication and technology costs related to maintaining the networks between us and our travel providers and our hosting solutions; and

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salaries and benefits paid to employees for the development, delivery and implementation of software; the maintenance of mainframes, servers and software used in our data center; and costs related to call center operations.

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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of  (i) workforce-related expenses for sales, finance, legal, human resources and administrative support employees and (ii) non-workforce expenses, including accounting, tax and other professional services fees, legal related costs, bad debt expense and other miscellaneous items.

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Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization consists of depreciation expense on property and equipment and amortization expense on certain intangible assets. Property and equipment is primarily comprised of internally developed software, purchased software licenses and computer equipment. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.

Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized, and such assets primarily relate to customer and vendor contracts acquired in the sale of Travelport to Blackstone in 2006 and from our acquisition of Worldspan in 2007. Amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, unless another method is more appropriate.

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense, net is primarily comprised of  (i) interest expense on our borrowings, financial expense on hedging derivatives and the amortization of debt discount and deferred financing fees, less (ii) financial income received from our hedging derivatives and interest earned from short-term investments and bank deposits, plus / less (iii) the change in the fair value of derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting.

Gain (Loss) on Early Extinguishment of Debt

Gain (loss) on early extinguishment of debt is primarily comprised of  (i) (gain) loss on extinguishment of debt, (ii) unamortized debt finance costs and debt discounts written-off and (iii) early repayment penalties related to our financing arrangements.

Provision of Income Taxes

Our tax provision differs significantly from the expected provision amount calculated at the U.S. Federal statutory rate primarily as a result of  (i) being subject to income tax in numerous non-U.S. jurisdictions with varying income tax rates, (ii) a valuation allowance continued to be maintained in various jurisdictions, including the U.S., due to the historical losses in such jurisdictions, (iii) certain expenses that are not deductible for tax or do not secure an effective tax deduction under the relevant jurisdictions and (iv) certain income or gains which are not subject to tax.

Share of Earnings (Losses) in Equity Method Investments

We recorded earnings (losses) in relation to our proportional share of ownership of equity method investments which was comprised of Orbitz Worldwide until July 22, 2014 and Travelport Locomote from February 4, 2014 until October 8, 2015. We discontinued the equity method of accounting upon our substantial sale of shares of common stock of Orbitz Worldwide during 2014, with its remaining shares of common stock sold in the first quarter of 2015. We increased our ownership interest in Travelport Locomote on October 8, 2015 from 49% to 55% and to 96% in 2016.

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Results of Operations

Year Ended December 31, 2016 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2015

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Percentage calculated not meaningful

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Net Revenue

Net revenue is comprised of:

For the year ended December 31, 2016, net revenue increased by $130 million, or 6%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2015. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in Travel Commerce Platform revenue of  $135 million, or 6%.

Travel Commerce Platform

The table below sets forth Travel Commerce Platform RevPas and Reported Segments:

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The increase in Travel Commerce Platform revenue of  $135 million, or 6%, was due to a $48 million, or 3%, increase in Air revenue and an $87 million, or 18%, increase in Beyond Air revenue. Overall, there was a 7% increase in Travel Commerce Platform RevPas, offset by a 1% decrease in Reported Segments.

Our Travel Commerce Platform continues to benefit from growth in Air revenue and Beyond Air revenue. The value of transactions processed on our Travel Commerce Platform decreased to $78.8 billion for the year ended December 31, 2016 from $82.4 billion for the year ended December 31, 2015 as a result of a decrease in segments in the U.S. and Middle East and Africa, a reduction in average ticket prices in line with global trends and fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates. Our percentage of Air segment revenue from away bookings increased to 67% from 65%. We increased our car rental days sold to 94 million from 91 million and our hotel room nights sold to 66 million from 65 million, with our hospitality segments per 100 airline tickets issued remaining stable at 47.

The table below sets forth Travel Commerce Platform revenue by region:

The table below sets forth Reported Segments and RevPas by region:

Our International Travel Commerce Platform revenue increased $149 million, or 10%, due to an 8% increase in RevPas and a 2% increase in Reported Segments. The increase in RevPas was a result of growth in our Air and Beyond Air offerings. The increase in Air was mainly due to improved pricing and merchandising, and the increase in Beyond Air was primarily driven by growth in payment solutions and expansion into digital services. Our International Travel Commerce Platform revenue as a percentage of total Travel Commerce Platform revenue was 73% for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to 71% for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Revenue in Asia Pacific increased $53 million, or 12%, due to a 6% increase in RevPas and a 5% increase in Reported Segments. RevPas increased due to revenue growth in Air and payment solutions growth and expansion into digital services in Beyond Air. Reported Segments increased due to growth in India, South Korea and Hong Kong.

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Revenue in Europe increased $88 million, or 14%, due to a 12% increase in RevPas and a 1% increase in Reported Segments. RevPas increased primarily due to revenue growth in Air and payment solutions in Beyond Air. Reported Segments increased mainly due to growth in Greece, Russia and France, partially offset by a decline in Italy.

Revenue in Latin America and Canada increased $8 million, or 8%, due to a 5% increase in RevPas and a 3% increase in Reported Segments. The increase in RevPas was due to revenue growth in both Air and Beyond Air, primarily driven by expansion into digital services. Reported Segments experienced growth in Colombia, Argentina and Brazil, partially offset by a decline in Canada.

Revenue in the Middle East and Africa increased marginally by $1 million.

Revenue in the United States decreased $14 million, or 2%, primarily due to a 5% decrease in Reported Segments, partially offset by a 3% increase in RevPas. The decrease in Reported Segments was primarily driven by the impact of the renegotiated contract with Orbitz Worldwide in 2014, partially offset by growth in other parts of our Travel Commerce Platform. The increase in RevPas was primarily due to growth in Beyond Air revenue.

Technology Services

Technology Services revenue decreased $5 million, or 4%, primarily due to a reduction in hosting solutions and development revenue.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue is comprised of:

Cost of revenue increased by $90 million, or 7%, as a result of a $75 million, or 7%, increase in commission costs and a $15 million, or 5%, increase in technology costs. Commissions increased due to a 4% increase in travel distribution costs per segment, primarily driven by mix and pricing, an $11 million allowance for a prepaid incentive related to a long-term contract with a travel agent and incremental commission costs from our payment solutions business. This increase was partially offset by a 1% decrease in Reported Segments, reduction in commissions resulting from our acquisition of our distributor in Japan and favorable foreign currency exchange movement. Commissions include amortization of customer loyalty payments of  $71 million and $67 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Technology costs across the shared infrastructure that runs our Travel Commerce Platform and Technology Services increased due to continued expansion of our operations through acquisitions and further investments in technology.

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Selling, General and Administrative (SG&A)

SG&A is comprised of:

SG&A expenses increased by $55 million, or 12%, during the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. SG&A expenses include $93 million and $43 million of charges for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, for non-core corporate costs that are removed from Adjusted EBITDA. Excluding these items, our SG&A expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the year ended December 31, 2015 increased by $5 million, or 1%. Workforce expenses, which include the wages and benefits of our selling, marketing, advertising, finance and legal personnel increased by $19 million, or 6%, primarily as result of increased wages and benefits due to headcount increases related to the expansion of our Travel Commerce Platform through acquisitions and go-to-market capabilities and merit increases, partially offset by favorable foreign currency exchange movement. Non-workforce expenses, which include the costs of finance and legal professional fees, communications and marketing and foreign exchange related costs, decreased $15 million, or 14%, primarily due to lower realized foreign exchange losses and reduced administrative expenses.

Non-core corporate costs of  $93 million and $43 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, represent costs related to strategic transactions and restructurings, equity-based compensation, impairment of long-lived assets, certain legal and related costs and unrealized foreign currency gains and losses related to derivatives. The increase of  $50 million, or 116%, is primarily due to a $20 million increase in corporate and restructuring costs, which primarily relates to restructuring costs relating to our technology transformation program, a $13 million fluctuation in unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses on foreign currency derivative contracts, an $11 million of impairment of long-lived assets recognized in 2016 and a $3 million increase in equity-based compensation.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization is comprised of:

Total depreciation and amortization decreased by $25 million, or 11%, primarily due to a decrease in the amortization of acquired intangible assets as the useful lives expired on a portion of the assets acquired on the sale of Travelport to Blackstone in 2006 and the acquisition of Worldspan in 2007.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net, increased $3 million, or 2%, due to a $15 million adverse impact of fair value changes on our interest rate swaps, offset by a $12 million decrease due to the lower outstanding balance of term loans under our senior secured credit agreement and a decrease in the interest rate on such term loans from 5.75% during the year ended December 31, 2015 to 5.00% from June 2016 to December 2016.

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Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt

In June 2016, we amended our senior secured credit agreement to reduce the interest rate on our term loans by 75 basis points. In connection with this amendment, certain lenders were repaid partially or in full. In September 2016, we voluntarily prepaid $50 million principal amount of the term loans outstanding under our senior secured credit agreement. Further in December 2016, we prepaid $14 million of other indebtedness. These transactions resulted in a $4 million loss on early extinguishment of debt resulting from the write-off of unamortized debt finance costs and debt discount.

Gain on Sale of Shares of Orbitz Worldwide

In February 2015, we sold all of our remaining shares of common stock of Orbitz Worldwide, which were classified as available-for-sale securities, and realized a gain of  $6 million for 2015.

Provision for Income Taxes

Our tax provision differs significantly from the expected provision amount calculated at the U.S. Federal statutory rate primarily as a result of a number of items such as (i) being subject to income tax in numerous non-U.S. jurisdictions with varying income tax rates, (ii) a valuation allowance continued to be maintained in various jurisdictions including the U.S. due to the historical losses in such jurisdictions, (iii) certain expenses that are not deductible for tax or do not secure an effective tax deduction under the relevant jurisdictions and (iv) certain income or gains which are not subject to tax.

Share of Losses in Equity Method Investments

Our share of losses in equity method investments was $1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, which reflected our 49% of ownership interest in Travelport Locomote until October 8, 2015, subsequent to which date we obtained a controlling interest.

Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014