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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. ­20549

FORM 10-Q

þ Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended January 31, 2015

 

o Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number 1-9065

ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(716)  684-8060

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

   (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ☑   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulations S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).   Yes ☐    No ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  ☐   No  ☑

At February 28, 2015, 2,659,174 shares of Registrant's Class A Common Stock (par value $.01) and 1,643,773 shares of Class B Common Stock (par value $.01) were outstanding.

 

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Financial Statements

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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Ecology and Environment, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

Unaudited

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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Ecology and Environment, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Unaudited

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Ecology and Environment, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Unaudited

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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Ecology and Environment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1.	Organization and Basis of Presentation

Ecology and Environment, Inc., (“EEI” or the “Parent Company”) was incorporated in 1970 as a global broad-based environmental consulting firm whose underlying philosophy is to provide professional services worldwide so that sustainable economic and human development may proceed with acceptable impact on the environment.  Together with its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”), EEI has direct and indirect ownership in 19 wholly owned and majority owned operating subsidiaries in 12 countries.  The Company’s staff is comprised of individuals representing more than 80 scientific, engineering, health, and social disciplines working together in multidisciplinary teams to provide innovative environmental solutions.  The Company has completed more than 50,000 projects for a wide variety of clients in more than 120 countries, providing environmental solutions in nearly every ecosystem on the planet.

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).  The financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of such information.  All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature.

Although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, including a description of significant accounting policies, have been condensed or omitted pursuant to SEC rules and regulations.  Therefore, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2014 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “2014 Annual Report”).  The accounting policies followed by the Company for preparation of the consolidated financial statements included in the 2014 Annual Report were also followed for this interim report.  The condensed consolidated results of operations for the three months ended January 31, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results for any subsequent period or the entire fiscal year ending July 31, 2015.

Certain prior year amounts were reclassified to conform to the condensed consolidated financial statement presentation for the three and six months ended January 31, 2015.

2.	Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Fiscal Year Ended July 31, 2015

In July 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2013-11 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists (“ASU 2013-11”).  ASU 2013-11 requires that an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, should be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, except as follows.  To the extent a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction to settle any additional income taxes that would result from the disallowance of a tax position or the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction does not require the entity to use, and the entity does not intend to use, the deferred tax asset for such purpose, the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented in the financial statements as a liability and should not be combined with deferred tax assets.  The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2013-11 effective August 1, 2014 and applied its provisions retrospectively.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted as of January 31, 2015

In May 2014, FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”).  ASU 2014-09 is the result of a joint project of FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard for use in the U.S and internationally.  ASU 2014-09 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605 of FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”) and most industry-specific guidance throughout the Industry Topics of the Codification.  ASU 2014-09 enhances comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities, industries, jurisdictions and capital markets, reduces the number of requirements an entity must consider for recognizing revenue, and requires improved disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized.  ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within the annual reporting period.  The Company intends to adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-09 effective August 1, 2017.  ASU 2014-09 requires either retrospective application by restating each prior period presented in the financial statements, or retrospective application by recording the cumulative effect on prior reporting periods to beginning retained earnings in the year that the standard becomes effective.  Management is currently assessing the provisions of ASU 2014-09 and has not yet estimated its impact.

 

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In January 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-01 Income Statement – Extraordinary and Unusual Items (Subtopic 225-20) (“ASU 2015-01”).  ASU 2015-01 eliminates the concept of extraordinary items from U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  While reporting entities will no longer be required to assess whether an underlying event or transaction is extraordinary, presentation and disclosure guidance for items that are unusual in nature or occur infrequently are retained, and are expanded to include items that are both unusual in nature and infrequently occurring.  ASU 2015-01 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015.  Early adoption is permitted provided that the guidance is applied from the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption.  The Company intends to adopt the provisions of ASU 2015-01 effective August 1, 2015.

3.	Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.  The Company invests cash in excess of operating requirements in income-producing short-term investments.  Money market funds of less than $0.1 million and $0.3 million were included in cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014, respectively.

4.	Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial assets or liabilities are measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy.  The asset’s or liability’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  The Company has not elected a fair value option on any assets or liabilities. The three levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 Inputs – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. Generally this includes debt and equity securities and derivative contracts that are traded on an active exchange market (e.g., New York Stock Exchange) as well as certain U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government and agency mortgage-backed securities that are highly liquid and are actively traded in over-the-counter markets.

Level 2 Inputs – Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets; or valuations based on models where the significant inputs are observable (e.g., interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, etc.) or can be corroborated by observable market data.  The Company’s investment securities classified as Level 2 are comprised of international and domestic corporate and municipal bonds.

Level 3 Inputs – Valuations based on models where significant inputs are not observable.  The unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use.

The availability of observable market data is monitored to assess the appropriate classification of financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy.  Changes in economic conditions or model-based valuation techniques may require the transfer of financial instruments from one fair value level to another.  In such instances, the transfer is reported at the beginning of the reporting period.  The Company evaluated the significance of transfers between levels based upon the nature of the financial instrument.  There were no transfers in or out of levels 1, 2 or 3, respectively during the three or six months ended January 31, 2015 or the fiscal year ended July 31, 2014.

 

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The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis is summarized by level within the fair value hierarchy in the following table.

 

 

Investment securities available for sale include mutual funds that are valued at the net asset value (“NAV”) of shares held by the Company at period end.  Mutual funds held by the Company are open-end mutual funds that are registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  These funds are required to publish their daily NAV and to transact at that price.  The mutual funds held by the Company are deemed to be actively traded.

Reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income from realized gains or losses from investment securities available for sale are included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations within other income (expense).

The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximated fair value at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014.  These assets were classified as level 1 instruments at both dates.  Long-term debt consists of bank loans and capitalized equipment leases.  Lines of credit consist of borrowings for working capital requirements.  Based on the Company's assessment of the current financial market and corresponding risks associated with the debt and line of credit borrowings, management believes that the carrying amount of these liabilities approximated fair value at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014.  These liabilities were classified as level 2 instruments at both dates.  There were no financial instruments classified as level 3 at January 31, 2015 or July 31, 2014.

Investment securities available for sale are stated at fair value.  Unrealized gains or losses related to investment securities available for sale are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of applicable income taxes in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders' equity.  The cost basis of securities sold is based on the specific identification method.  The Company had gross unrealized gains of less than $0.1 million recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014.

5.	Revenue and Contract Receivables, net

Revenue Recognition

Substantially all of the Company's revenue is derived from environmental consulting work.  The consulting revenue is principally derived from the sale of labor hours.  The consulting work is performed under a mix of fixed price, cost-type, and time and material contracts.  Contracts are required from all customers.  Revenue is recognized as follows:

Revenues reflected in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations represent services rendered for which the Company maintains a primary contractual relationship with its customers.  Included in revenues are certain services outside the Company's normal operations which the Company has elected to subcontract to other contractors.

Time and material contracts are accounted for over the period of performance, in proportion to the costs of performance, predominately based on labor hours incurred.  Revenue earned from fixed price and cost-plus contracts is recognized using the “percentage-of-completion” method, wherein revenue is recognized as project progress occurs.  If an estimate of costs at completion on any contract indicates that a loss will be incurred, the entire estimated loss is charged to operations in the period the loss becomes evident.

 

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Substantially all of the Company's cost-type work is with federal governmental agencies and, as such, is subject to audits after contract completion.  Under these cost-type contracts, provisions for adjustments to accrued revenue are recognized on a quarterly basis and based on past audit settlement history.  Government audits have been completed and final rates have been negotiated through fiscal year 2007.  The Company records an allowance for project disallowances in other accrued liabilities for potential disallowances resulting from government audits (refer to Note 10 of these condensed consolidated financial statements).

Change orders can occur when changes in scope are made after project work has begun, and can be initiated by either the Company or its clients.  Claims are amounts in excess of the agreed contract price which the Company seeks to recover from a client for customer delays and /or errors or unapproved change orders that are in dispute.  Costs related to change orders and claims are recognized as incurred.  Revenues and profit are recognized on change orders when it is probable that the change order will be approved and the amount can be reasonably estimated.  Revenues are recognized only up to the amount of costs incurred on contract claims when realization is probable, estimable and reasonable support from the customer exists.

All bid and proposal and other pre-contract costs are expensed as incurred.  Out of pocket expenses such as travel, meals, field supplies, and other costs billed direct to contracts are included in both revenues and cost of professional services.  Sales and cost of sales at the Company’s South American subsidiaries exclude tax assessments by governmental authorities, which are collected by the Company from its customers and then remitted to governmental authorities.

Billed contract receivables represent amounts billed to clients in accordance with contracted terms, which have not been collected from clients as of the end of the reporting period.  Billed contract receivables may include: (1) amounts billed for revenues from incurred costs and fees that have been earned in accordance with contractual terms; and (2) progress billings in accordance with contractual terms that include revenue not yet earned as of the end of the reporting period.

Unbilled contract receivables result from: (i) revenues from incurred costs and fees which have been earned, but are not billed as of period-end; and (ii) differences between year-to-date provisional billings and year-to-date actual contract costs incurred.

The Company reduces contract receivables by recording an allowance for doubtful accounts to account for the estimated impact of collection issues resulting from a client’s inability or unwillingness to pay valid obligations to the Company.  The resulting provision for bad debts is recorded within administrative and indirect operating expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The Company also reduces contract receivables by establishing an allowance for contract adjustments related to revenues that are deemed to be unrealizable, or that may become unrealizable in the future.  Management reviews contract receivables and determines allowance amounts based on the adequacy of the Company’s performance under the contract, the status of change orders and claims, historical experience with the client for settling change orders and claims, and economic, geopolitical and cultural considerations for the home country of the client.  Such contract adjustments are recorded as direct adjustments to revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Contract Receivables, Net

Contract receivables, net are summarized in the following table.

Billed contract receivables did not include any contractual retainage balances at January 31, 2015 or July 31, 2014.  Management anticipates that the unbilled receivables outstanding at January 31, 2015 will be substantially billed and collected within one year.

 

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Contract Receivable Concentrations

Significant concentrations of contract receivables and the allowance for doubtful accounts and contract adjustments are summarized in the following table.

 

Combined contract receivables related to projects in the Middle East, Africa and Asia represented 14% of total contract receivables at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014, while the combined allowance for doubtful accounts and contract adjustments related to these projects represented 83% and 74% of the total allowance for doubtful accounts and contract adjustments at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014, respectively.  These allowance percentages highlight the Company’s experience of heightened operating risks (i.e., political, regulatory and cultural risks) within these foreign regions in comparison with similar risks in the United States, Canada and South America.  These heightened operating risks have resulted in increased collection risks and the Company expending resources that it may not recover for several months, or at all.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Contract Adjustments

Activity within the allowance for doubtful accounts and contract adjustments is summarized in the following table.

(1)

Increases (decreases) to the allowance for contract adjustments on the condensed consolidated balance sheets are recorded as (decreases) increases to revenue, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

(2)

Increases (decreases) to the allowance for doubtful accounts on the condensed consolidated balance sheets are recorded as increases (decreases) to administrative and other indirect operating expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

(3)

Refer to Note 11 of these condensed consolidated financial statements for a summary of the allowance for project disallowances.

6.	Property, Building and Equipment, net

In November 2013, management decided to abandon the Company’s existing operating and financial software system and migrate to new system software.  The Company acquired and developed new software during fiscal year 2014, and began utilizing the new software effective August 1, 2014 for its U.S. operations.  Although the core software modules were operating effectively as of August 1, 2014, certain operational and reporting capabilities of the new system continued to be developed during the six months ended January 31, 2015.  The process to develop new operating and financial software systems for the Company’s significant foreign subsidiaries is expected to be completed during the quarter ended April 30, 2015.  The Company recorded software development costs of $0.3 million and $0.5 million in property, plant and equipment during the six months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The Company continued to utilize the previous software system through July 31, 2014, at which time the previous system was abandoned.  As a result, amortization of software development costs capitalized for the previous system was accelerated so that the system was completely amortized by July 31, 2014.  Total software amortization expense was less than $0.1 million and $0.7 million for the quarters ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $0.1 million and $1.3 million for the six months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

 

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7.

Goodwill

Goodwill of $1.1 million and $1.2 million at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014, respectively, is included in other assets on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.  Goodwill is subject to an annual assessment for impairment by comparing the estimated fair values of reporting units to which Goodwill has been assigned, as calculated using a discounted cash flow method, to the recorded book value of the respective reporting units.  The Company’s most recent annual impairment assessment for goodwill was completed during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2014.  The results of this assessment showed that the fair values of the reporting units to which goodwill is assigned was in excess of the book values of the respective reporting units, resulting in the identification of no goodwill impairment.

Goodwill is also assessed for impairment between annual assessments whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that an impairment may have occurred.  The Company identified changes in circumstances during the quarter ended January 31, 2015 that necessitated an evaluation for impairment of a portion of its recorded goodwill.

The Company recorded $0.1 million of goodwill resulting from an acquisition of a majority-owned subsidiary during fiscal year 2011.  The acquired company has experienced recurring operating losses over the course of several recent reporting quarters.  Recent projections completed by management indicate that operating losses are expected to continue into the foreseeable future.  As a result of management’s assessment, during the second quarter of fiscal year 2015, the Company determined that goodwill recorded as a result of this acquisition was impaired, and recorded a $0.1 million impairment loss in administrative and indirect operating expenses on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

8.	Lines of Credit

Unsecured lines of credit are summarized in the following table.

Contractual interest rates ranged from 2.50% to 3.00% at January 31, 2015.  The Company’s lenders have reaffirmed the lines of credit within the past twelve months.

9.	Debt and Capital Lease Obligations

Debt and capital lease obligations are summarized in the following table.

 

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The aggregate maturities of long-term debt and capital lease obligations as of January 31, 2015 are summarized in the following table.

 

10.	Income Taxes

The estimated effective tax rate was 43.7% and 45.2% for the six months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.  The decrease was mainly a result of an increase in forecasted income from foreign entities in countries with a lower effective tax rate than in the U.S., which was partially offset by a smaller increase in forecasted income from U.S. entities.

11.	Other Accrued Liabilities

Other accrued liabilities are summarized in the following table.

The allowance for project disallowances represents potential disallowances of amounts previously billed and collected under government contracts.  Allowances for project disallowances are recorded when the amounts are estimable.  Resolution of these amounts is dependent upon the results of government audits and other formal contract close-out procedures.  Activity within the allowance for project disallowances is summarized in the following table.

The reduction in the allowance for project disallowances during the quarter and six months ended January 31, 2015 resulted from settlement of an allowance liability recorded in a prior fiscal year, which resulted in a cash payment of less than $0.1 million and a $0.1 million contract adjustment recorded as an addition to revenue, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

12.	Stock Award Plan

EEI adopted the 1998 Stock Award Plan effective March 16, 1998 (the “1998 Award Plan”).  The following supplemental plans were adopted subsequent to adoption of the 1998 Award Plan:

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The 2003 Stock Award Plan (the “2003 Award Plan”), which was adopted by the Board of Directors in October 2004, approved by shareholders in January 2004, and terminated in October 2008;

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The 2007 Stock Award Plan (the “2007 Award Plan”), which was adopted by the Board of Directors in October 2007, approved by shareholders in January 2008, and terminated in October 2012; and

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The 2011 Stock Award Plan (the “2011 Award Plan”), which was adopted by the Board of Directors in October 2011, approved by shareholders in January 2012, and will terminate in October 2016.

The 1998 Award Plan and all supplemental plans are collectively referred to as the “Award Plan”.  The Award Plan permits grants of stock awards for a period of five (5) years from the date of adoption by the Board of Directors.  The Award Plan is not a qualified plan under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code.   Total gross compensation expense related to stock awards is recognized over the vesting period of awards granted.

 

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The Company awarded 62,099 Class A shares valued at $0.9 million in October 2011, which had a three year vesting period and were fully vested in September 2014.  The Company awarded 16,387 Class A shares valued at $0.2 million in July 2013, which have a three year vesting period and will be fully vested in June 2016.  The Company recorded non-cash compensation expense of $0.1 million and $0.2 million during the six months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, in connection with all outstanding stock compensation awards.  Total unearned compensation costs related to outstanding stock awards were $0.1 million at January 31, 2015.  The "pool" of excess tax benefits accumulated in Capital in Excess of Par Value was $0.1 million and at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014.

13.	Shareholders' Equity

Class A and Class B Common Stock

The relative rights, preferences and limitations of the Company's Class A and Class B common stock are summarized as follows: Holders of Class A shares are entitled to elect 25% of the Board of Directors so long as the number of outstanding Class A shares is at least 10% of the combined total number of outstanding Class A and Class B common shares. Holders of Class A common shares have one-tenth the voting power of Class B common shares with respect to most other matters.

In addition, Class A shares are eligible to receive dividends in excess of (and not less than) those paid to holders of Class B shares. Holders of Class B shares have the option to convert at any time, each share of Class B common stock into one share of Class A common stock. Upon sale or transfer, shares of Class B common stock will automatically convert into an equal number of shares of Class A common stock, except that sales or transfers of Class B common stock to an existing holder of Class B common stock or to an immediate family member will not cause such shares to automatically convert into Class A common stock.

Restrictive Shareholder Agreement

Messrs. Gerhard J. Neumaier (deceased), Frank B. Silvestro, Ronald L. Frank, and Gerald A. Strobel entered into a Stockholders’ Agreement dated May 12, 1970, as amended January 24, 2011, which governs the sale of certain shares of Ecology and Environment, Inc. common stock (now classified as Class B Common Stock) owned by them, certain children of those individuals and any such shares subsequently transferred to their spouses and/or children outright or in trust for their benefit upon the demise of a signatory to the Agreement (“Permitted Transferees”).  The Agreement provides that prior to accepting a bona fide offer to purchase some or all of their shares of Class B Common Stock governed by the Agreement, that the selling party must first allow the other signatories to the Agreement (not including any Permitted Transferee) the opportunity to acquire on a pro rata basis, with right of over-allotment, all of such shares covered by the offer on the same terms and conditions proposed by the offer.

Cash Dividends

The Company declared and accrued $1.0 million of cash dividends during the six months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, which were paid in February 2015 and 2014, respectively.  The Company paid dividends of $1.0 million in August 2014 and 2013 that were declared and accrued in prior periods.

Stock Repurchase

In August 2010, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a program for repurchase of 200,000 shares of Class A common stock.  As of January 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 122,918 shares of Class A stock, and 77,082 shares had yet to be repurchased under this program.  The Company did not acquire any Class A shares under this program during the three months or six months ended January 31, 2015.  The Company acquired 16,091 shares of Class A stock under this program during the six months ended January 31, 2014 for a total acquisition cost of approximately $0.2 million. 

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests are disclosed as a separate component of consolidated shareholders’ equity on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.  Earnings and other comprehensive (loss) income are separately attributed to both the controlling and noncontrolling interests.  Earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated based on net (loss) income attributable to the Company’s controlling interests.

 

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Transactions to acquire ownership interest from noncontrolling shareholders during the six months ended January 31, 2015 and during the fiscal year ended July 31, 2014, which were recorded at amounts that approximated fair value, are summarized in the following table.

(1)

In January 2015, Gustavson Associates, LLC (“Gustavson”), a majority owned indirect subsidiary of EEI, purchased an additional 7.2% of its outstanding common shares from noncontrolling shareholders for $0.3 million.  The purchase price was paid as follows: (i) approximately $0.1 million of cash paid on the transaction date; and (ii) approximately $0.2 million payable in 3 annual installments plus interest accrued at 6% per annum.  EEI’s indirect ownership of Gustavson increased to 83.6% as a result of this transaction.

(2)

In January 2014, EEI purchased an additional 0.9% of Walsh from noncontrolling shareholders for $0.1 million in cash.  Walsh became a wholly-owned subsidiary of EEI as a result of these transactions.

(3)

In October 2013, EEI purchased an additional 9.4% of Walsh for $1.6 million.  The purchase price was paid as follows: (i) one third in cash payable on the transaction consummation date; (ii) one third payable with EEI Common Stock on the transaction consummation date; and (iii) one third payable in two annual installments plus interest accrued at 3.25% per annum.

(4)

In October 2013, EEI purchased an additional 0.2% of Walsh for less than $0.1 million in cash.

(5)

Purchases of additional noncontrolling interests are recorded as reductions of shareholders’ equity on the condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity.

14.	Earnings Per Share

Basic and diluted EPS is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to Ecology and Environment, Inc. common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period.  After consideration of all the rights and privileges of the Class A and Class B stockholders summarized in Note 12, in particular the right of the holders of the Class B common stock to elect no less than 75% of the Board of Directors making it highly unlikely that the Company will pay a dividend on Class A common stock in excess of Class B common stock, the Company allocates undistributed earnings between the classes on a one-to-one basis when computing earnings per share.  As a result, basic and fully diluted earnings per Class A and Class B share are equal amounts.

The Company has determined that its unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities. These securities shall be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method.  The resulting impact was to include unvested restricted shares in the weighted average shares outstanding calculation.

The computation of earnings per share is included in the following table.

 

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15.	Segment Reporting

The Company reports segment information based on the geographic location of its customers (for revenues) and the location of its offices (for long-lived assets).  Revenue and long-lived assets by business segment are summarized in the following tables.

(1)

Significant foreign revenues included revenues in Peru ($5.7 million and $4.1 million for the three months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $12.3 million and $8.5 million for the six months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively), Brazil ($2.5 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $5.2 million and $6.6 million for the six months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively) and Chile ($1.7 million and $2.4 million for the three months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $3.2 million and $4.8 million for the six months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively).

16.	Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is a named defendant in legal actions arising out of the normal course of business.  The Company is not a party to any pending legal proceeding, the resolution of which the management believes will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows, or to any other pending legal proceedings other than ordinary, routine litigation incidental to its business.  The Company maintains liability insurance against risks arising out of the normal course of business.

Certain contracts contain termination provisions under which the customer may, without penalty, terminate the contracts upon written notice to the Company.  In the event of termination, the Company would be paid only termination costs in accordance with the particular contract.  Generally, termination costs include unpaid costs incurred to date, earned fees and any additional costs directly allocable to the termination.

On September 21, 2012, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (“CDPHE”) issued a proposed Compliance Order on Consent (the "Proposed Consent Order") to the City and County of Denver ("Denver") and to Walsh.  On the date that the Proposed Consent Order was issued, Walsh was a majority-owned subsidiary of EEI.  The Proposed Consent Order pertained to construction improvement activities of certain property owned by Denver which was the subject of asbestos remediation.  Denver had entered into a contract with Walsh under which Walsh provided certain environmental consulting services (asbestos monitoring services) in connection with the asbestos containment and/or removal performed by other contractors at Denver's real property.  On February 13, 2013, without admitting liability or CDPHE’s version of the underlying facts, Walsh entered into a Compliance Order on Consent with CDPHE, paid a penalty of less than $0.1 million and paid for a Supplemental Environmental Project to benefit the public at large in an amount less than $0.1 million.  Denver was served with a final Compliance Order and Assessment of Administrative Penalty against Denver alone for approximately $0.2 million.  Under Walsh's environmental consulting contract with Denver, Walsh agreed to indemnify Denver for certain liabilities where Walsh could potentially be held responsible for a portion of the penalty imposed upon Denver.  In January 2015, Walsh settled this indemnity claim with a payment of less than $0.1 million to Denver.

On February 4, 2011, the Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity Conservation of Brazil (the “Institute”) issued a Notice of Infraction to ecology and environment do brasil Ltda (“E&E Brasil”), a majority-owned subsidiary of EEI.  The Notice of Infraction concerns the taking and collecting species of wild animal specimens without authorization by the competent authority and imposes a fine of 520,000 Reais, which has a value of approximately $0.2 million at January 31, 2015.  No claim has been made against EEI.  The Institute has also filed Notices of Infraction against four employees of E&E Brasil alleging the same claims and has imposed fines against those individuals that, in the aggregate, are equal to the fine imposed against E&E Brasil.  E&E Brasil has filed administrative responses with the Institute for itself and its employees that: (a) deny the jurisdiction of the Institute; (b) state that the Notice of Infraction is constitutionally vague; and (c) affirmatively state that E&E Brasil had obtained the necessary permits for the surveys and collections of specimens under applicable Brazilian regulations and that the protected conservation area is not clearly marked to show its boundaries.  To date, E&E Brasil has attended one meeting where depositions were taken.  Management believes that these administrative proceedings will not have a material adverse impact on the operations of the Company. 

 

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Item 2.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Quarterly Report”) to “EEI” refer to Ecology and Environment, Inc., a New York corporation.  References to “the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or similar terms refer to EEI together with its consolidated subsidiaries.

For the second quarter of fiscal year 2015, our income before income tax provision was $0.2 million, which represented a $1.5 million improvement from a loss of $1.3 million for the same period in the previous fiscal year.  For the first six months of fiscal 2015, our net income before income tax provision was $2.1 million, which improved $2.3 million from the loss before income tax provision of $0.2 million for the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Improved results for the second quarter and first half of 2015 resulted primarily from generally lower operating expenses due to managed reductions in staff levels and other operating costs in U.S. and certain South American operations.  Significantly lower amortization of software development costs also contributed to overall decreases in operating expenses.

Revenue less subcontract costs, which is a key performance measurement for our business, decreased $1.2 million (5%) for the second quarter and $2.7 million (5%) for the first half of fiscal year 2014.  Lower project work volumes and revenues from government, commercial, asbestos inspection and mining sectors in the U.S. and lower energy sector project activity in Brazil were partially offset by higher Department of Defense revenues in the U.S. and higher energy sector revenues from U.S. and Peruvian operations.

During fiscal year 2011, the Company recorded $0.1 million of goodwill resulting from an acquisition of a majority-owned subsidiary during fiscal year 2011.  The acquired company has experienced recurring operating losses over the course of several recent reporting quarters.  Recent projections completed by management indicate that operating losses are expected to continue into the foreseeable future.  As a result of management’s assessment, during the second quarter of fiscal year 2015, the Company determined that goodwill recorded as a result of this acquisition was impaired, and recorded a $0.1 million impairment loss in administrative and indirect operating expenses on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Cash and cash equivalents decreased $1.0 million during the first half of 2015, primarily due to payment of $1.0 million of dividends to shareholders, which was approved on a discretionary basis by our Board of Directors.  Net cash generated from operations of $1.7 million during the first half of fiscal year 2015 was adequate to fund investing and financing activities required to maintain our current operations and to reduce our outstanding lines of credit by $0.2 million during the period.

Cash and cash equivalents activity and balances are summarized in the following table.

 

Net cash used in operating activities during the six month ended January 31, 2015 resulted mainly from the following activity:

·

Net income (after adjustment for non-cash items) provided $1.0 million of operating cash;

·

Net decreases in contract receivables provided $0.9 million of operating cash; and

·

Other working capital activity resulted in a $0.2 million use of operating cash.

 

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Net cash used in investment activities during the six month ended January 31, 2015 resulted mainly from the following activity:

·

Net purchases of property, building and equipment resulted in a $0.2 million use of operating cash, and

·

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests of subsidiaries resulted in a $0.1 million use of cash.

Net cash provided by financing activities during the six month ended January 31, 2015 resulted mainly from the following activity:

·

Net payments under our lines of credit resulted in a $0.2 million use of cash;

·

Dividend payments to common shareholders resulted in a $1.1 million use of cash;

·

Net distributions to noncontrolling interests resulted in a $0.5 million use of cash; and

·

Repayment of debt and capital lease obligations resulted in a $0.4 million use of cash.

We maintain $34.4 million of unsecured lines of credit available for working capital and letters of credit.  Total amounts used under lines of credit were $3.2 million and $3.5 million at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014, respectively.  Contractual interest rates ranged from 2.50% to 3.00% at January 31, 2015.  Our lenders have reaffirmed the lines of credit within the past twelve months.

We believe that cash flows from U.S. operations, available cash balances in our domestic subsidiaries and our available lines of credit will be sufficient to cover working capital requirements of our U.S. operations during the next twelve months and the foreseeable future.  Our foreign subsidiaries typically generate adequate cash flow to fund their operations.  We intend to reinvest net cash generated from undistributed foreign earnings into operations and business expansion opportunities outside the U.S.  Excess cash accumulated by any foreign subsidiary, beyond that necessary to fund operations or business expansion, may be repatriated to the U.S. at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the respective entities.  We would be required to accrue and pay taxes on any amounts repatriated to the U.S. from foreign subsidiaries.

In December 2014, a South American subsidiary of Walsh Environmental Scientists & Engineers, LLC (“Walsh”) declared total dividends to its shareholders of $2.0 million, of which $1.5 million was payable to Walsh.  After local taxes, approximately $1.4 million of cash was expected to be repatriated to the U.S. and made available for the Company’s U.S. operations during the second and third quarters of fiscal year 2015 as a result of this dividend.  In December 2014, approximately $0.7 million of cash was repatriated to the U.S., representing half of the total dividend payable to Walsh, net of local taxes.

In January 2015, the Company declared dividends of $0.24 per share to common shareholders of record as of January 30, 2015.  In February 2015, the Company paid total dividends of $1.0 million to its common shareholders.

During fiscal year 2014, the Company generated a net operating loss of $1.7 million for income tax purposes, which is expected to be fully utilized during fiscal year 2015.

Significant concentrations of contract receivables and the allowance for doubtful accounts and contract adjustments are summarized in the following table.

 

Combined contract receivables related to projects in the Middle East, Africa and Asia represented 14% of total contract receivables at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014, while the combined allowance for doubtful accounts and contract adjustments related to these projects represented 83% and 74% of the total allowance for doubtful accounts and contract adjustments at January 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014, respectively.  These allowance percentages highlight the Company’s experience of heightened operating risks (i.e., political, regulatory and cultural risks) within these foreign regions in comparison with similar risks in the United States, Canada and South America.  These heightened operating risks have resulted in increased collection risks and the Company expending resources that it may not recover for several months, or at all.

 

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Revenue, net

Our revenues are derived primarily from the professional and technical services performed by its employees or, in certain cases, by subcontractors engaged to perform on under contracts entered into with our clients. The revenues recognized, therefore, are derived from our ability to charge clients for those services under the contracts.  Revenue, the cost of professional services, other direct operating expenses and subcontract costs of our South American subsidiaries exclude tax assessments by governmental authorities, which are collected by us from its customers and then remitted to governmental authorities.

Substantially all of our revenue is derived from environmental consulting work.  The consulting revenue is principally derived from the sale of labor hours.  The consulting work is performed under a mix of fixed price, cost-type, and time and material contracts.  Contracts are required from all customers.  Revenue is recognized as follows:

Revenue, net associated with these contract types are summarized in the following table.

Revenue, net and revenue less subcontract costs, by business entity, are summarized in the following table.

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The overall decrease in consolidated revenue for the quarter ended January 31, 2015, as compared with the second quarter of the prior fiscal year, resulted from the net impact of the following entity activity:

·

Higher Parent Company and wholly-owned subsidiary revenue resulted higher quarter-to-date Department of Defense and energy sector revenues in the U.S., which was partially offset by lower government and commercial sales volumes in the U.S.

·

Lower Walsh revenue primarily resulted from lower sales activity in asbestos inspection, energy and mining sectors in the U.S., which was partially offset by higher energy sector sales volume from its Peruvian operations.

·

Lower E&E Brasil revenue was primarily due to lower sales volume in the energy transmission sector, as transmission projects completed during fiscal year 2014 were not renewed or replaced.  A weaker Brazilian Real in relation to the U.S. dollar also contributed to the decrease in revenues.

·

Lower GAC revenue was primarily due to lower mining sector revenues, as mining projects completed during fiscal year 2014 were not renewed or replaced.

·

Lower ECSI revenue primarily resulted from lower sales volume in the mining sector, as mining projects completed during the prior fiscal year were not renewed or replaced.

The overall decrease in consolidated revenue for the first half of fiscal year 2015, as compared with the same period last year, resulted from the net impact of the following entity activity:

·

Lower Parent Company and wholly-owned subsidiary revenue resulted from lower year-to-date government and commercial sales volumes in the U.S., which was partially offset by higher Department of Defense and energy sector revenues in the U.S.

·

Higher Walsh revenue primarily resulted from higher energy sector sales volume from its Peruvian operations, which was partially offset by lower sales activity in asbestos inspection, energy and mining sectors in the U.S.

·

Lower E&E Brasil revenue was primarily due to lower sales volume in the energy transmission sector, as transmission projects completed during fiscal year 2014 were not renewed or replaced.

·

Lower GAC revenue was primarily due to lower mining sector revenues, as mining projects completed during fiscal year 2014 were not renewed or replaced.

·

Lower ECSI revenue primarily resulted from lower sales volume in the mining sector, as mining projects completed during the prior fiscal year were not renewed or replaced.

Contract Adjustments

Net contract adjustments recorded as a reduction of revenue include adjustments to revenues that are deemed to be unrealizable or that may become unrealizable in the future, as well as adjustments to estimated liabilities for project disallowances that are recorded in other accrued liabilities.  Contract adjustments related to projects in the United States, Canada and South America typically result from cost overruns from current or recently completed projects.  Contract adjustments related to projects in the Middle East, Africa and Asia typically result from difficulties encountered while attempting to settle claims and issues that may be several years old.

Net contract adjustments are summarized by region in the following table.

Net contract adjustments recorded for projects in the Middle East and Africa resulted primarily from increased reserves related to a specific project in the Middle East.  Due to ongoing difficulties with settlement and close-out of the project, management decided to increase the related reserve to 87% of the $4.9 million contract receivable balance at January 31, 2015.  Management continues to maintain open dialogue with this client, and to seek assistance through all possible official channels, in order to ensure a favorable settlement of this contract receivable balance.

Operating Expenses

During fiscal year 2013 and 2014 and the first six months of fiscal year 2015, management at EEI and its U.S. subsidiaries critically reviewed technical and indirect staffing levels, other expenses necessary to support current project work levels and key administrative processes.  As a result of this review, the number of full time employees in various technical and indirect departments at EEI and its U.S. subsidiaries decreased by a combined 16% and 5% during fiscal year 2014 and the first six months of fiscal year 2015, respectively.  Utilization of contracted services was also reviewed and reduced at EEI.  Management continues to critically evaluate its organizational and cost structure to identify ways to operate more efficiently and cost effectively.

 

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The cost of professional services and other direct operating expenses represents labor and other direct costs of providing services to our clients under our project agreements.  These costs, and fluctuations in these costs, generally correlate directly with related project revenues.  The cost of professional services and other direct operating expenses, by business entity, are summarized in the following table.

The cost of professional services and other direct operating expenses decreased $0.6 million (5%) during the second quarter and $0.9 million (4%) during the first half of fiscal 2015, as compared with the same periods in the prior fiscal year.  Lower project-related sales volumes in the Company’s operations in the U.S., Brazil and Chile were partially offset by higher project service levels and costs in Walsh’s South American operations.

Administrative and indirect operating expenses and marketing and related costs represent operating costs not directly associated with the generation of revenue.  We refer to these combined costs as “indirect operating expenses.”  Indirect operating expenses by business entity, excluding depreciation and amortization expenses, are summarized in the following table.

Combined administrative and indirect operating expenses and marketing and related costs decreased $1.7 million (13%) during the second quarter and $3.3 million (12%) during the first half of fiscal year 2015, as compared with the same periods in the prior fiscal year.  During fiscal years 2013 and 2014 and the first half of fiscal year 2015, management at EEI and its U.S. subsidiaries critically reviewed key administrative processes, reduced indirect staffing levels, and reduced utilization of contracted services in certain indirect departments.  These cost reductions in the U.S. were partially offset by higher indirect expenses to support growth in South American operations.