Attached files

file filename
8-K - FORM 8-K - NELNET INCnelnet_8k-080911.htm
EX-99.1 - EXHIBIT 99.1 - NELNET INCex99-1.htm
Exhibit 99.2
 
For Release: August 9, 2011
Media Contact: Ben Kiser, 402.458.3024
Investor Contact: Phil Morgan, 402.458.3038

Nelnet, Inc. supplemental financial information for the second quarter 2011
(All dollars are in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

The following information should be read in connection with Nelnet, Inc’s (the “Company’s”) press release for second quarter 2011 earnings, dated August 9, 2011 and the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.

This earnings supplement contains forward-looking statements and information that are based on management’s current expectations as of the date of this document.  Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about the Company’s plans and expectations for future financial condition, results of operations or economic performance, or that address management’s plans and objectives for future operations, and statements that assume or are dependent upon future events, are forward-looking statements.  The words “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “estimate,” “assume,” “forecast,” “will,” and similar expressions, as well as statements in future tense, are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and analyses made by management in light of management’s experience and its perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments, and other factors that management believes are appropriate under the circumstances.  These statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors that may cause the actual results and performance to be materially different from any future results or performance expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.  These risks and uncertainties are described in the “Risk Factors” section included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 and the discussion of risks and uncertainties set forth elsewhere in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and include such risks and uncertainties as:

 
risks related to the Company’s student loan portfolio, such as interest rate basis and repricing risk resulting from the fact that the interest rate characteristics of the Company’s student loan assets do not match the interest rate characteristics of the funding for those assets, the risk of loss of floor income on certain student loans originated under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (the “FFEL Program” or “FFELP”) of the U.S. Department of Education (the “Department”), risks related to the use of derivatives to manage exposure to interest rate fluctuations, and potential losses from loan defaults, changes in prepayment rates, guaranty rates, loan floor rates, and credit spreads;

 
risks related to the Company’s liquidity and funding requirements, including the Company’s ability to maintain credit facilities or obtain new facilities, the ability of lenders under the Company’s credit facilities to fulfill their lending commitments under these facilities, the Company’s ability to satisfy debt obligations secured by student loan assets and related collateral, and changes in the general interest rate environment and in the securitization markets for education loans which may increase the costs or limit the availability of financings necessary to purchase, refinance, or continue to carry education loans;
 
 
 

 
 
 
risks from changes in the student loan and educational credit and services marketplace resulting from the implementation of, or changes in, applicable laws and regulations, including the discontinuance of private sector student loan originations under the FFEL Program effective July 1, 2010, and the Company’s ability to maintain its loan servicing contract with the Department of Education to service federally-owned student loans and to comply with servicing agreements with third party customers for the service of loans under the Federal Direct Loan and FFEL Programs;

 
risks from changes in the demand or preferences for educational financing and related services by educational institutions, students, and their families;

 
uncertainties inherent in forecasting future cash flows from student loan assets and related asset-backed securitizations;

 
risks associated with litigation, complex government regulations, changes in general economic and credit market conditions, and related party transactions; and

 
uncertainties inherent in the estimates and assumptions about future events that management is required to make in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

All forward-looking statements contained in this earnings supplement are qualified by these cautionary statements and are made only as of the date of this document.  Although the Company may from time to time voluntarily update or revise its prior forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or changes in the Company’s expectations, the Company disclaims any commitment to do so except as required by securities laws.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts previously reported within operating expenses have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications include:

 
·
Reclassifying “professional and other services,” “occupancy and communications,” “postage and distribution,” “advertising and marketing,” and “trustee and other debt related fees” to “other” operating expenses.

 
·
Reclassifying student list amortization, which was previously included in “advertising and marketing,” to “depreciation and amortization.”

The reclassifications had no effect on consolidated net income or consolidated assets and liabilities.

 
2

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
March 31,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(unaudited)
   
(unaudited)
   
(unaudited)
   
(unaudited)
   
(unaudited)
 
                               
Interest income:
                             
Loan interest
  $ 146,827       147,347        167,902        294,174        318,950   
Amortization of loan premiums and deferred origination costs
    (7,893 )       (9,989 )       (12,549 )       (17,882 )       (28,630 )  
Investment interest
    856        726        1,304        1,582        2,305   
Total interest income
    139,790        138,084        156,657        277,874        292,625   
                                         
Interest expense:
                                       
Interest on bonds and notes payable
    51,054        52,307        59,243        103,361        110,102   
                                         
Net interest income
    88,736        85,777        97,414        174,513        182,523   
Less provision for loan losses
    5,250        3,750        6,200        9,000        11,200   
                                         
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    83,486        82,027        91,214        165,513        171,323   
                                         
Other income (expense):
                                       
Loan and guaranty servicing revenue
    37,389        35,636        36,652        73,025        73,046   
Tuition payment processing and campus commerce revenue
    14,761        19,369        12,795        34,130        30,177   
Enrollment services revenue
    32,315        33,868        35,403        66,183        68,674   
Software services revenue
    4,346        4,777        5,499        9,123        9,843   
Other income
    6,826        6,492        8,496        13,318        15,756   
Gain on sale of loans and debt repurchases
          8,307        8,759        8,307        18,936   
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
    (16,813 )       1,116        (7,231 )       (15,697 )       (3,126 )  
Derivative settlements, net
    (3,522 )       (4,152 )       (3,377 )       (7,674 )       (5,800 )  
Total other income
    75,302        105,413        96,996        180,715        207,506   
                                         
Operating expenses:
                                       
Salaries and benefits
    42,881        43,912        40,962        86,793        81,606   
Cost to provide enrollment services
    22,140        22,839        24,111        44,979        46,136   
Depreciation and amortization
    6,769        6,776        9,728        13,545        20,511   
Restructure expense
                72              1,269   
Other expenses
    28,767        26,105        33,348        54,872        62,403   
Total operating expenses
    100,557        99,632        108,221        200,189        211,925   
                                         
Income before income taxes
    58,231        87,808        79,989        146,039        166,904   
                                         
Income tax expense
    (21,106 )       (32,928 )       (29,996 )       (54,034 )       (62,589 )  
                                         
Net income
  $ 37,125       54,880        49,993        92,005        104,315   
                                         
Earnings per common share:
                                       
                                         
Net earnings - basic
  $ 0.76       1.13        1.00        1.90        2.08   
                                         
Net earnings - diluted
  $ 0.76       1.13        0.99        1.89        2.08   
                                         
Weighted average shares outstanding:
                                       
                                         
Basic
    48,302,779        48,171,317        49,735,398        48,237,411        49,726,099   
                                         
Diluted
    48,488,046        48,363,035        49,934,648        48,425,886        49,923,680   
 
 
3

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
   
As of
   
As of
   
As of
 
   
June 30,
   
December 31,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2010
 
   
(unaudited)
         
(unaudited)
 
Assets:
                 
Student loans receivable, net
  $ 23,228,778       23,948,014        24,746,932   
Student loans receivable - held for sale
          84,987        1,995,869   
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments (trading securities)
    148,005        327,037        305,778   
Restricted cash and investments
    675,182        757,285        706,965   
Goodwill
    117,118        117,118        143,717   
Intangible assets, net
    37,564        38,712        48,708   
Other assets
    664,864        620,739        620,054   
Total assets
  $ 24,871,511       25,893,892        28,568,023   
                         
Liabilities:
                       
Bonds and notes payable
  $ 23,605,413       24,672,472        27,428,772   
Other liabilities
    277,314        314,787        265,306   
Total liabilities
    23,882,727        24,987,259        27,694,078   
                         
Shareholders' equity
    988,784        906,633        873,945   
                         
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
  $ 24,871,511       25,893,892        28,568,023   
 
OVERVIEW

The Company is an innovative education services company focused primarily on providing fee-based processing services and quality education-related products and services in four core areas: loan financing, loan servicing, payment processing, and enrollment services (education planning). These products and services help students and families plan, prepare, and pay for their education and make the administrative and financial processes more efficient for schools and financial organizations. In addition, the Company earns net interest income on a portfolio of federally insured student loans.

The Company has certain business objectives in place that include:

 
·
Continue to grow and diversify fee-based revenue
 
·
Manage operating costs
 
·
Maximize the value of existing portfolio
 
·
Use liquidity to capitalize on market opportunities

Achieving these business objectives, as well as significant legislation changes in the student loan industry as discussed below, has impacted and will continue to impact the financial condition and operating results of the Company.

Legislative Impact on Operating Results

The Company has a portfolio of student loans in which it earns net interest income. These loans were originated and acquired by the Company under the FFEL Program.

On March 30, 2010, President Obama signed into law the Reconciliation Act of 2010.  Effective July 1, 2010, this law prohibits new loan originations under the FFEL Program and requires that all new federal loan originations be made through the Federal Direct Loan Program.  The new law does not alter or affect the terms and conditions of existing FFELP loans.
 
 
4

 

As a result of the Reconciliation Act of 2010, effective July 1, 2010, the Company no longer originates new FFELP loans. In addition, as a result of this legislation, net interest income on the Company’s existing FFELP loan portfolio, as well as fee-based revenue from guarantee and third party FFELP servicing, will decline over time as the Company’s and the Company’s customers’ FFELP loan portfolios are paid down.

Due to the legislative changes in the student loan industry, the Company believes there will be opportunities to purchase FFELP loan portfolios and/or expand its current level of guarantee and third party FFELP servicing volume on behalf of current FFELP participants looking to adjust their FFELP businesses.  For example, during the first six months of 2011, the Company purchased $0.7 billion of FFELP student loans, and on July 8, 2011, the Company purchased the residual interest in $1.9 billion of additional FFEL Program loans.

Continue to Grow and Diversify Fee-Based Revenue

The Company has expanded products and services generated from businesses that are not dependent upon the FFEL Program, thereby reducing legislative and political risk related to the education lending industry. Revenues from these businesses are primarily generated from products and services offered in the Company’s Tuition Payment Processing and Campus Commerce and Enrollment Services operating segments. In addition, in September 2009, the Company began servicing federally-owned student loans for the Department. The amount of federally-owned student loans originated through the Direct Loan Program is expected to increase substantially, which will lead to an increase in servicing volume and related revenue for the Company. A summary of revenue from the Company’s fee-based businesses is shown below.
 
   
Three months ended
             
   
June 30, 2011
   
June 30, 2010
   
$ Change
   
% Change
 
Student Loan and Guaranty Servicing (a)
  $ 41,747       42,463        (716 )       (1.7 )%
Tuition Payment Processing and Campus Commerce
    14,763        12,799        1,964        15.3  
Enrollment Services (b)
    32,315        35,403        (3,088 )       (8.7 )
                                 
                Total revenue from fee-based businesses
  $ 88,825       90,665        (1,840 )       (2.0 )%
                                 
   
Six months ended
                 
   
June 30, 2011
   
June 30, 2010
   
$ Change
   
% Change
 
Student Loan and Guaranty Servicing (a)
  $ 82,175       83,692        (1,517 )       (1.8 )%
Tuition Payment Processing and Campus Commerce
    34,138        30,189        3,949        13.1  
Enrollment Services (b)
    66,183        68,674        (2,491 )       (3.6 )
                                 
                Total revenue from fee-based businesses
  $ 182,496       182,555        (59 )       (0.0 )%
 
 
(a)
The Student Loan and Guaranty Servicing operating segment included $9.1 million and $12.3 million of revenue earned from rehabilitation collections on defaulted loans for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and $15.6 million and $22.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

 
(b)
Growth in enrollment services revenue has been affected by the current regulatory uncertainty in the for-profit college industry, which has caused schools to decrease spending on marketing efforts.

As shown below, the Company’s revenue and income before taxes related to its fee-based operating segments continues to increase. The table below includes the consolidated operating results of the Company excluding the Asset Generation and Management Operating segment. Thus, the below table reflects the operating results of the Company as if it was not generating any earnings from its student loan portfolio.
 
 
5

 
 
 
(a)
Excludes restructure and impairment expenses and a litigation settlement charge recognized in 2010. See the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 for additional information on total operating expenses by segment and these adjustments thereto.
 
 
6

 

Manage Operating Costs

Operating expenses decreased $7.7 million (7.1%) and $11.7 million (5.5%) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the same periods in 2010. Operating expenses increased $0.9 million (0.9%) for the three months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the three months period ended March 31, 2011.
 
   
Three months ended
   
Change
 
   
June 30, 2011
   
June 30, 2010
    $     %  
                           
Salaries and benefits
  $ 42,881       40,962        1,919        4.7 %
Cost to provide enrollment services
    22,140        24,111        (1,971 )       (8.2 )
Depreciation and amortization
    6,769        9,728        (2,959 )       (30.4 )
Restructure expense
          72        (72 )       (100.0 )
Other expenses
    28,767        33,348        (4,581 )       (13.7 )
  Total operating expenses
  $ 100,557       108,221        (7,664 )       (7.1 )  %
                                 
   
Three months ended
   
Change
 
   
June 30, 2011
   
March 31, 2011
    $     %  
                                 
Salaries and benefits
  $ 42,881       43,912        (1,031 )       (2.3 )  %
Cost to provide enrollment services
    22,140        22,839        (699 )       (3.1 )
Depreciation and amortization
    6,769        6,776        (7 )       (0.1 )
Restructure expense
                       
Other expenses
    28,767        26,105        2,662        10.2  
  Total operating expenses
  $ 100,557       99,632        925        0.9 %
                                 
   
Three months ended
   
Change
 
   
June 30, 2011
   
June 30, 2010
    $     %  
                                 
Salaries and benefits
  $ 86,793       81,606        5,187        6.4 %
Cost to provide enrollment services
    44,979        46,136        (1,157 )       (2.5 )
Depreciation and amortization
    13,545        20,511        (6,966 )       (34.0 )
Restructure expense
          1,269        (1,269 )       (100.0 )
Other expenses
    54,872        62,403        (7,531 )       (12.1 )
  Total operating expenses
  $ 200,189       211,925        (11,736 )       (5.5 )  %

Maximize the Value of Existing Portfolio

Fixed rate floor income

Loans originated prior to April 1, 2006 generally earn interest at the higher of a floating rate based on the Special Allowance Payment or the SAP formula set by the Department and the borrower rate, which is fixed over a period of time.  The SAP formula is based on an applicable indice plus a fixed spread that is dependent upon when the loan was originated, the loan’s repayment status, and funding sources for the loan.  The Company generally finances its student loan portfolio with variable rate debt.  In low and/or declining interest rate environments, when the fixed borrower rate is higher than the rate produced by the SAP formula, the Company’s student loans earn at a fixed rate while the interest on the variable rate debt typically continues to decline.  In these interest rate environments, the Company earns additional spread income that it refers to as floor income.  For loans where the borrower rate is fixed to term, the Company earns floor income for an extended period of time, which the Company refers to as fixed rate floor income.
 
 
7

 

The Company’s core student loan spread (variable student loan spread including fixed rate floor contribution) and variable student loan spread (net interest margin excluding fixed rate floor income) is summarized below.
 

 
(a)
The interest earned on the majority of the Company’s FFELP student loan assets is indexed to the three-month commercial paper indice. The Company funds the majority of its assets with three-month LIBOR indexed floating rate securities. The relationship between these two indices has a significant impact on student loan spread. This table (the right axis) shows the difference between the average three-month LIBOR and commercial paper indices by quarter.

The primary difference between variable student loan spread and core student loan spread is fixed rate floor income.  A summary of fixed rate floor income and its contribution to core spread follows.
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30, 2011
   
March 31, 2011
   
June 30, 2010
   
June 30, 2011
   
June 30, 2010
 
                               
Fixed rate floor income, gross
  $ 39,146       37,900       35,340       77,046       74,467  
                                         
Derivative settlements (a)
    (6,345 )     (6,218 )     (4,286 )     (12,563 )     (8,142 )
                                         
Fixed rate floor income, net
  $ 32,801       31,682       31,054       64,483       66,325  
                                         
Fixed rate floor income contribution to spread, net
    0.57 %     0.55 %     0.48 %     0.56 %     0.53 %

 
(a)
Includes settlement payments on derivatives used to hedge student loans earning fixed rate floor income.

The high levels of fixed rate floor income earned during 2011 and 2010 are due to historically low interest rates.  If interest rates remain low, the Company anticipates continuing to earn significant fixed rate floor income in future periods.

 
8

 

Future Cash Flow from Portfolio

The majority of the Company’s portfolio of student loans is funded in asset-backed securitizations that are structured to substantially match the maturity of the funded assets, thereby minimizing liquidity risk. In addition, due to (i) the difference between the yield the Company receives on the loans and cost of financing within these transactions, and (ii) the excess servicing and administration fees the Company earns from these transactions, the Company has created a portfolio that will generate earnings and significant cash flow over the life of these transactions.

As of June 30, 2011, based on cash flow models developed to reflect management’s current estimate of, among other factors, prepayments, defaults, deferment, forbearance, and interest rates, the Company currently expects future undiscounted cash flows from its portfolio to be approximately $1.63 billion as detailed below.  The $1.63 billion includes approximately $350 million (as of June 30, 2011) of overcollateralization included in the asset-backed securitizations.  These excess net asset positions are reflected variously in the following balances on the consolidated balance sheet:"student loans receivable," "restricted cash and investments," and "accrued interest receivable."
 
The forecasted cash flow presented below includes all loans currently funded in asset-backed securitizations.  As of June 30, 2011, the Company had $20.1 billion of loans included in asset-backed securitizations, which represented 87 percent of its total FFELP student loan portfolio. The forecasted cash flow does not include cash flows that the Company expects to receive related to loans funded through the Department of Education’s Conduit Program and other warehouse facilities or loans originated and/or acquired subsequent to June 30, 2011.

As previously discussed, on July 8, 2011, the Company purchased the residual interest in $1.9 billion of FFELP student loans.  The table below does not include the estimated future cash flow from this portfolio. The Company estimates these loans will add approximately $90 million to $120 million in future cash flow to the Company in addition to the amounts summarized below.
 
 
(a)
The Company uses various assumptions, including prepayments and future interest rates, when preparing its cash flow forecast.  These assumptions are further discussed below.
 
 
9

 
 
Prepayments:  The primary variable in establishing a life of loan estimate is the level and timing of prepayments. Prepayment rates equal the percentage of loans that prepay annually as a percentage of the beginning of period balance, net of scheduled principal payments.  A number of factors can affect estimated prepayment rates, including the level of consolidation activity and default rates. Should any of these factors change, management may revise its assumptions, which in turn would impact the projected future cash flow. The Company’s cash flow forecast above assumes prepayment rates that are generally consistent with those utilized in the Company’s recent asset-backed securities transactions. If management used a prepayment rate assumption two times greater than what was used to forecast the cash flow, the cash flow forecast would be reduced by approximately $330 million to $390 million.

Interest rates:  The Company funds the majority of its student loans with three-month LIBOR (“LIBOR”) indexed floating rate securities.  Meanwhile, the interest earned on the Company’s student loan assets are indexed primarily to a commercial paper rate (“CP”).  The different interest rate characteristics of the Company’s loan assets and liabilities funding these assets result in basis risk.  The Company’s cash flow forecast assumes LIBOR will exceed CP by 12 basis points for the life of the portfolio, which approximates the historical relationship between these indices.  If the forecast is computed assuming a spread of 24 basis points between CP and LIBOR for the life of the portfolio, the cash flow forecast would be reduced by approximately $80 million to $120 million.

The Company uses the current forward interest rate yield curve to forecast cash flows.  A change in the forward interest rate curve would impact the future cash flows generated from the portfolio.  An increase in future interest rates will reduce the amount of fixed rate floor income the Company is currently receiving.  The Company attempts to mitigate the impact of a rise in short-term rates by hedging interest rate risks. As of June 30, 2011, the net fair value of the Company’s interest rate derivatives used to hedge loans earning fixed rate floor income was a liability of $19.9 million.

Use Liquidity to Capitalize on Market Opportunities

The Company has used and will continue to use its improved liquidity position to capitalize on market opportunities, including FFELP student loan acquisitions; strategic acquisitions and investments in its core business areas of loan financing, loan servicing, payment processing, and enrollment services (education planning); and capital management initiatives, including debt repurchases, stock repurchases, and dividend distributions.

During 2011, the Company has used its improved liquidity to accomplish the following items:

 
·
FFELP Student Loan Acquisitions
 
-
Purchased $0.7 billion of FFELP student loans through June 30, 2011
 
-
Purchased the residual interest in $1.9 billion of FFELP student loans on July 8, 2011

 
·
Acquisitions and Investments in Core Business Areas
 
-
Purchased contracts with more than 370 K-12 schools to provide tuition payment plan services

 
10

 

 
·
Capital Management
 
-
Raised the quarterly dividend paid on the Company’s common stock to $0.10 per share
 
-
Repurchased $63.2 million notional amount of debt recognizing a gain of $7.0 million

Non-GAAP Performance Measures

In accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Company prepares financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).  In addition to evaluating the Company’s GAAP-based financial information, management also evaluates the Company on a non-GAAP performance measure referred to as “base net income”.  While “base net income” is not a substitute for reported results under GAAP, the Company provides “base net income” as additional information regarding its financial results.

“Base net income” is the primary financial performance measure used by management to develop financial plans, establish corporate performance targets, allocate resources, track results, evaluate performance, and determine incentive compensation.  The Company’s board of directors utilizes “base net income” to set performance targets and evaluate management’s performance.  The Company also believes analysts, rating agencies, and creditors use “base net income” in their evaluation of the Company’s results of operations.  While “base net income” is not a substitute for reported results under GAAP, the Company utilizes “base net income” in operating its business because “base net income” permits management to make meaningful period-to-period comparisons by eliminating the temporary volatility in the Company’s performance that arises from certain items that are primarily affected by factors beyond the control of management.  Management believes “base net income” provides additional insight into the financial performance of the core business activities of the Company’s operations.

The following table provides a reconciliation of GAAP net income to “base net income”.
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
March 31,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
                               
GAAP net income
  $ 37,125       54,880       49,993       92,005       104,315  
Base adjustments:
                                       
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
    16,813       (1,116 )     7,231       15,697       3,126  
Amortization of intangible assets
    3,959       3,976       6,232       7,935       12,748  
Total base adjustments before income taxes
    20,772       2,860       13,463       23,632       15,874  
Net tax effect
    (7,893 )     (1,087 )     (5,116 )     (8,980 )     (6,032 )
Total base adjustments
    12,879       1,773       8,347       14,652       9,842  
Base net income
  $ 50,004       56,653       58,340       106,657       114,157  
                                         
Earnings per share:
                                       
GAAP net income
  $ 0.76       1.13       1.00       1.90       2.08  
Adjustment for application of the two-class method
                                       
  of computing earnings per share (a)
          0.01       0.01       0.01       0.02  
Total base adjustments
    0.28       0.04       0.16       0.30       0.20  
     Base net income
  $ 1.04       1.18       1.17       2.21       2.30  
 
 
(a)
The two-class method requires the calculation of separate earnings per share amounts for unvested share-based awards and for common stock. Unvested share-based awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends are considered securities which participate in undistributed earnings with common stock. GAAP net earnings per share in the above table represents earnings per share attributable to common shareholders.  The adjustment to base net income reflects the earnings allocated to holders of unvested restricted stock awards.
 
 
11

 

The following table summarizes the impact to “base net income” from restructure charges recognized by the Company.
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
March 31,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
                               
Base net income
  $ 50,004       56,653        58,340        106,657        114,157   
Adjusted base adjustments:
                                       
     Restructure expense
                72              1,269   
Adjusted base adjustments before income taxes
                72              1,269   
Net tax effect
                (27 )             (482 )  
Total adjusted base adjustments
                45              787   
                                         
     Base net income, excluding restructure expense (net of tax)
  $ 50,004       56,653        58,385        106,657        114,944   
                                         
                                         
Earnings per share:
  $ 1.04       1.18        1.17        2.21        2.30   
Base net income
                            0.01   
  Total adjusted base adjustments
                                       
                                         
        Base net income, excluding restructure expense (net of tax)
  $ 1.04       1.18        1.17        2.21        2.31   

Limitations of Base Net Income
 
While GAAP provides a uniform, comprehensive basis of accounting, for the reasons discussed above, management believes that “base net income” is an important additional tool for providing a more complete understanding of the Company’s results of operations.  Nevertheless, “base net income” is subject to certain general and specific limitations that investors should carefully consider.  For example, as stated above, unlike financial accounting, there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management reporting.  The Company’s “base net income” is not a defined term within GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.  Investors, therefore, may not be able to compare the Company’s performance with that of other companies based upon “base net income.”  “Base net income” results are only meant to supplement GAAP results by providing additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely monitored and used by the Company’s management and board of directors to assess performance and information which the Company believes is important to analysts, rating agencies, and creditors.

Other limitations of “base net income” arise from the specific adjustments that management makes to GAAP results to derive “base net income” results.  These differences are described below.

Differences between GAAP and Base Net Income

Management’s financial planning and evaluation of operating results does not take into account the following items because their volatility and/or inherent uncertainty affect the period-to-period comparability of the Company’s results of operations.  A more detailed discussion of the differences between GAAP and “base net income” follows.

Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments:  “Base net income” excludes the periodic unrealized gains and losses that are caused by the change in fair value on derivatives used in the Company’s risk management strategy in which the Company does not qualify for “hedge treatment” under GAAP. As such, the Company recognizes changes in fair value of derivative instruments currently in earnings.  The Company maintains an overall interest rate risk management strategy that incorporates the use of derivative instruments to reduce the economic effect of interest rate volatility.  Derivative instruments primarily used by the Company to manage interest rate risks include interest rate swaps and basis swaps.  Management has structured the majority of the Company's derivative transactions with the intent that each is economically effective. However, the Company does not qualify its derivatives for “hedge treatment,” and the stand-alone derivative must be marked-to-market in the income statement with no consideration for the corresponding change in fair value of the hedged item.  The Company believes these point-in-time estimates of asset and liability values that are subject to interest rate fluctuations make it difficult to evaluate the ongoing results of operations against its business plan and affect the period-to-period comparability of the results of operations.  Included in “base net income” are the economic effects of the Company’s derivative instruments, which includes any cash paid or received being recognized as an expense or revenue upon actual derivative settlements.  These settlements are included in “derivative settlements, net” on the attached condensed consolidated statements of income.
 
 
12

 

“Base net income” excludes the foreign currency transaction gains or losses caused by the re-measurement of the Company’s Euro-denominated bonds to U.S. dollars.  In connection with the issuance of the Euro-denominated bonds, the Company has entered into cross-currency interest rate swaps.  Under the terms of these agreements, the principal payments on the Euro-denominated notes will effectively be paid at the exchange rate in effect at the issuance date of the bonds.  The cross-currency interest rate swaps also convert the floating rate paid on the Euro-denominated bonds (EURIBOR index) to an index based on LIBOR.   Included in “base net income” are the economic effects of any cash paid or received being recognized as an expense or revenue upon actual settlements of the cross-currency interest rate swaps. These settlements are included in “derivative settlements, net” on the attached condensed consolidated statements of income.  However, the gains or losses caused by the re-measurement of the Euro-denominated bonds to U.S. dollars and the change in market value of the cross-currency interest rate swaps are excluded from “base net income” as the Company believes the point-in-time estimates of value that are subject to currency rate fluctuations related to these financial instruments make it difficult to evaluate the ongoing results of operations against the Company’s business plan and affect the period-to-period comparability of the results of operations.  The re-measurement of the Euro-denominated bonds generally correlates with the change in fair value of the cross-currency interest rate swaps.  However, the Company will experience unrealized gains or losses related to the cross-currency interest rate swaps if the two underlying indices (and related forward curve) do not move in parallel.

The gains and/or losses included in “derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments” on the attached condensed consolidated statements of income are primarily caused by interest rate and currency volatility, as well as the volume and terms of derivatives not receiving hedge treatment.  “Base net income” excludes these unrealized gains and losses and isolates the effect of interest rate and currency volatility related to the fair value of such instruments during the period.  Under GAAP, the effects of these factors on the fair value of the derivative instruments (but not the underlying hedged item) tend to show more volatility in the short term.

Amortization of intangible assets:  “Base net income” excludes the amortization of acquired intangibles, which arises primarily from the acquisition of definite life intangible assets in connection with the Company’s acquisitions, since the Company feels that such charges do not drive the Company’s operating performance on a long-term basis and can affect the period-to-period comparability of the results of operations.

 
13

 

Operating Segments

The Company earns fee-based revenue through its Student Loan and Guaranty Servicing, Tuition Payment Processing and Campus Commerce, and Enrollment Services operating segments. In addition, the Company earns net interest income on its student loan portfolio in its Asset Generation and Management operating segment. The Company’s operating segments are defined by the products and services they offer or the types of customers they serve, and they reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by management.

The accounting policies of the Company’s operating segments are the same as those described in note 2 in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. Intersegment revenues are charged by a segment to another segment that provides the product or service.  Intersegment revenues and expenses are included within each segment consistent with the income statement presentation provided to management.  Changes in management structure or allocation methodologies and procedures may result in changes in reported segment financial information. The Company allocates certain corporate overhead expenses to the individual operating segments.  These expenses include certain corporate activities related to executive management, human resources, accounting, legal, occupancy, and marketing. These costs are allocated to each operating segment based on estimated use of such activities and services.

The management reporting process measures the performance of the Company’s operating segments based on the management structure of the Company as well as the methodology used by management to evaluate performance and allocate resources.  Management, including the Company’s chief operating decision maker, evaluates the performance of the Company’s operating segments based on their profitability.  As discussed further below, management measures the profitability of the Company’s operating segments based on “base net income.”  Accordingly, information regarding the Company’s operating segments is provided based on “base net income.”  The Company’s “base net income” is not a defined term within generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.  Unlike financial accounting, there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management reporting.

Student Loan and Guaranty Servicing

The following are the primary product and service offerings the Company offers as part of its Student Loan and Guaranty Servicing segment:

 
·
Servicing of FFELP loans
 
·
Origination and servicing of non-federally insured student loans
 
·
Servicing federally-owned student loans for the Department of Education
 
·
Servicing and support outsourcing for guaranty agencies
 
·
Student loan servicing software and other information technology products and services

The Student Loan and Guaranty Servicing operating segment provides for the servicing of the Company’s student loan portfolios and the portfolios of third parties. The loan servicing activities include loan origination activities, loan conversion activities, application processing, borrower updates, payment processing, due diligence procedures, funds management reconciliations, and claim processing. These activities are performed internally for the Company’s portfolio in addition to generating external fee revenue when performed for third party clients.
 
 
14

 
 
In June 2009, the Department of Education named the Company as one of four private sector companies awarded a servicing contract to service federally-owned student loans. In September 2009, the Company began servicing loans under this contract. The contract spans five years, with one five-year renewal at the option of the Department.

This operating segment also provides servicing activities for guarantee agencies. These activities include providing software and data center services, borrower and loan updates, default aversion tracking services, claim processing services, and post-default collection services.

This operating segment also develops student loan servicing software, which is used internally by the Company and also licensed to third party student loan holders and servicers. In addition, this operating segment provides information technology products and services, with core areas of business in educational loan software solutions, technical consulting services, and Enterprise content management solutions.

Student Loan and Guaranty Servicing - Segment Summary of Results

The results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the same periods in 2010 include:

 
·
A decrease in FFELP servicing revenue due to the loss of servicing volume from third party customers.

 
·
An increase in government servicing revenue due to increased volume from the Department.

 
·
A decrease in guaranty servicing revenue due to a decrease in rehabilitation collection revenue and the amortization of the guaranty servicing portfolio.

 
·
A lower operating margin as the result of the growing government servicing portfolio as a percent of the Company’s total servicing portfolio.

Tuition Payment Processing and Campus Commerce

The Company’s Tuition Payment Processing and Campus Commerce operating segment provides products and services to help students and families manage the payment of education costs at all levels (K-12 and higher education).  It also provides innovative education-focused technologies, services, and support solutions to help schools with the everyday challenges of collecting and processing commerce data.

In the K-12 market, the Company offers actively managed tuition payment plans as well as assistance with financial needs assessment, enrollment management, and donor management. The Company offers two principal products to the higher education market: actively managed tuition payment plans and campus commerce technologies and payment processing.

 
15

 

Tuition Payment Processing and Campus Commerce - Segment Summary of Results

The results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the same periods in 2010 include:

 
·
An increase in revenue as a result of an increase in the number of managed tuition payment plans and campus commerce transactions processed.

 
·
An improved operating margin, which includes strong revenue growth while still incurring expenses related to continued investments in new products and services.

Enrollment Services

The Enrollment Services operating segment offers products and services that are focused on helping colleges recruit and retain students (interactive and list marketing services) and helping students plan and prepare for life after high school (publishing services and resource centers). Interactive marketing products and services include agency of record services, qualified inquiry generation, pay per click, and other marketing management, along with school operations consulting and call center solutions. The majority of interactive marketing revenue is derived from fees which are earned through the delivery of qualified inquiries or clicks provided to colleges and universities. List marketing services include providing lists to help higher education institutions and businesses reach the middle school, high school, college bound high school, college, and young adult market places. Publishing services include test preparation study guides, school directories and databases, and career exploration guides.  Resource centers include online courses, scholarship search and selection data, career planning, and on-line information about colleges and universities.

Enrollment Services - Segment Summary of Results

The results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the same periods in 2010 include a decrease in revenue and operating margin due to the effects from current regulatory uncertainty in the for-profit college industry, which has caused schools to decrease spending on marketing efforts.

Asset Generation and Management Operating Segment

The Asset Generation and Management Operating Segment includes the acquisition, management, and ownership of the Company’s student loan assets, which has historically been the Company’s largest product and service offering. The Company generates a substantial portion of its earnings from the spread, referred to as the Company’s student loan spread, between the yield it receives on its student loan portfolio and the associated costs to finance such portfolio. The student loan assets are held in a series of education lending subsidiaries designed specifically for this purpose. In addition to the student loan spread earned on its portfolio, all costs and activity associated with managing the portfolio, such as servicing of the assets and debt maintenance are included in this segment.

As a result of legislation (the Reconciliation Act of 2010), effective July 1, 2010, all new federal loan originations are made through the Direct Loan Program and the Company no longer originates FFELP loans. This legislation does not alter or affect the terms and conditions of existing FFELP loans.
 
 
16

 

Asset Generation and Management - Segment Summary of Results

The results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the same periods in 2010 include:

 
·
Continued recognition of significant fixed rate floor income due to historically low interest rates.

 
·
The purchase of $683.1 million of FFELP student loans during the first six months of 2011 from various third parties.

 
·
The repurchase of $392.0 million of asset-backed securities resulting in a gain of $18.9 million in the first six months of 2010. Due to improvements in the capital markets, the opportunities for the Company to repurchase debt at less than par are becoming more limited. During the first six months of 2011, the Company repurchased $0.6 million of its asset-backed securities resulting in a gain of approximately $55,000.

Corporate Activity and Overhead

Corporate Activity and Overhead includes the following items:

 
·
Income earned on certain investment activities
 
·
Interest expense incurred on unsecured debt transactions
 
·
Other products and service offerings that are not considered operating segments

Corporate Activities also includes certain corporate activities and overhead functions related to executive management, human resources, accounting and finance, legal, and marketing. Beginning in 2010, these costs were allocated to each operating segment based on estimated use of such activities and services.

Income Taxes

For segment reporting, income taxes are applied based on 38% of income (loss) before taxes for each individual operating segment. The difference between the consolidated income tax expense and the sum of taxes calculated for each operating segment is included in income taxes in Corporate Activity and Overhead.
 
 
17

 

Segment Operating Results

The tables below reflect “base net income” for each of the Company’s operating segments.  Reconciliation of the segment totals to the Company’s operating results in accordance with GAAP is also included in the tables below.

   
Three months ended June 30, 2011
 
   
Fee-Based
                                           
   
Student
Loan
and
Guaranty
   
Tuition
Payment
Processing
and Campus
   
Enrollment
   
Total
Fee-
   
Asset
Generation
and
   
Corporate
Activity
and
         
Base Net
   
Adjustments
to GAAP
   
GAAP
Results of
 
   
Servicing
   
Commerce
   
Services
   
Based
   
Management
   
Overhead
   
Eliminations
   
Income
   
Results
   
Operations
 
                                                             
                                                             
Total interest income
  $ 12       2             14       139,284       1,147       (655 )     139,790             139,790  
Interest expense
                            49,269       2,440       (655 )     51,054             51,054  
Net interest income (loss)
    12       2             14       90,015       (1,293 )           88,736             88,736  
                                                                                 
Less provision for loan losses
                            5,250                   5,250             5,250  
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses
    12       2             14       84,765       (1,293 )           83,486             83,486  
                                                                                 
Other income (expense):
                                                                               
Loan and guaranty servicing revenue
    37,389                   37,389                         37,389             37,389  
Intersegment servicing revenue
    16,793                   16,793                   (16,793 )                  
Tuition payment processing and campus commerce revenue
          14,761             14,761                         14,761             14,761  
Enrollment services revenue
                32,315       32,315                         32,315             32,315  
Software services revenue
    4,346                   4,346                         4,346             4,346  
Other income
                            3,997       2,829             6,826             6,826  
Gain on sale of loans and debt repurchases
                                                           
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
                                                    (16,813 )     (16,813 )
Derivative settlements, net
                            (3,274 )     (248 )           (3,522 )           (3,522 )
Total other income (expense)
    58,528       14,761       32,315       105,604       723       2,581       (16,793 )     92,115       (16,813 )     75,302  
                                                                                 
Operating expenses:
                                                                               
Salaries and benefits
    24,731       7,249       5,931       37,911       709       4,261             42,881             42,881  
Cost to provide enrollment services
                22,140       22,140                         22,140             22,140  
Depreciation and amortization
    1,336       345       780       2,461             349             2,810       3,959       6,769  
Restructure expense
                                                           
Other
    14,605       2,327       2,442       19,374       5,139       4,254             28,767             28,767  
Intersegment expenses, net
    1,060       1,118       959       3,137       17,047       (3,391 )     (16,793 )                  
Total operating expenses
    41,732       11,039       32,252       85,023       22,895       5,473       (16,793 )     96,598       3,959       100,557  
                                                                                 
Income (loss) before income taxes and corporate overhead allocation
    16,808       3,724       63       20,595       62,593       (4,185 )           79,003       (20,772 )     58,231  
Corporate overhead allocation
    (1,233 )     (411 )     (411 )     (2,055 )     (2,054 )     4,109                          
Income (loss) before income taxes
    15,575       3,313       (348 )     18,540       60,539       (76 )           79,003       (20,772 )     58,231  
Income tax (expense) benefit
    (5,917 )     (1,259 )     132       (7,044 )     (23,412 )     1,457             (28,999 )     7,893       (21,106 )
Net income (loss)
  $ 9,658       2,054       (216 )     11,496       37,127       1,381             50,004       (12,879 )     37,125  

 
18

 

   
Three months ended March 31, 2011
 
   
Fee-Based
                                           
   
Student
Loan
and
Guaranty
   
Tuition
Payment
Processing
and Campus
   
Enrollment
   
Total
Fee-
   
Asset
Generation
and
   
Corporate
Activity
and
         
Base Net
   
Adjustments
to GAAP
   
GAAP
Results of
 
   
Servicing
   
Commerce
   
Services
   
Based
   
Management
   
Overhead
   
Eliminations
   
Income
   
Results
   
Operations
 
                                                             
                                                             
Total interest income
  $ 15       6             21       137,639       1,146       (722 )     138,084             138,084  
Interest expense
                            49,716       3,313       (722 )     52,307             52,307  
Net interest income (loss)
    15       6             21       87,923       (2,167 )           85,777             85,777  
                                                                                 
Less provision for loan losses
                            3,750                   3,750             3,750  
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses
    15       6             21       84,173       (2,167 )           82,027             82,027  
                                                                                 
Other income (expense):
                                                                               
Loan and guaranty servicing revenue
    35,636                   35,636                         35,636             35,636  
Intersegment servicing revenue
    17,857                   17,857                   (17,857 )                  
Tuition payment processing and campus commerce revenue
          19,369             19,369                         19,369             19,369  
Enrollment services revenue
                33,868       33,868                         33,868             33,868  
Software services revenue
    4,777                   4,777                         4,777             4,777  
Other income
                            4,136       2,356             6,492             6,492  
Gain on sale of loans and debt repurchases
                            1,400       6,907             8,307             8,307  
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
                                                    1,116       1,116  
Derivative settlements, net
                            (4,038 )     (114 )           (4,152 )           (4,152 )
        Total other income (expense)     58,270       19,369       33,868       111,507       1,498       9,149       (17,857 )     104,297       1,116       105,413  
                                                                                 
Operating expenses:
                                                                               
Salaries and benefits
    25,388       7,152       6,257       38,797       778       4,337             43,912             43,912  
Cost to provide enrollment services
                22,839       22,839                         22,839             22,839  
Depreciation and amortization
    1,306       336       813       2,455             345             2,800       3,976       6,776  
Restructure expense
                                                           
        Other
    14,579       2,634       2,318       19,531       1,538       5,036             26,105             26,105  
Intersegment expenses, net
    1,369       1,093       818       3,280       18,147       (3,570 )     (17,857 )                  
        Total operating expenses
    42,642       11,215       33,045       86,902       20,463       6,148       (17,857 )     95,656       3,976       99,632  
                                                                                 
Income (loss) before income taxes and corporate overhead allocation
    15,643       8,160       823       24,626       65,208       834             90,668       (2,860 )     87,808  
Corporate overhead allocation
    (753 )     (251 )     (251 )     (1,255 )     (1,255 )     2,510                          
Income (loss) before income taxes
    14,890       7,909       572       23,371       63,953       3,344             90,668       (2,860 )     87,808  
Income tax (expense) benefit
    (5,658 )     (3,005 )     (217 )     (8,880 )     (24,302 )     (833 )           (34,015 )     1,087       (32,928 )
Net income (loss)
  $ 9,232       4,904       355       14,491       39,651       2,511             56,653       (1,773 )     54,880  
 
19

 

   
Three months ended June 30, 2010
 
    Fee-Based                                            
   
Student
Loan
and
Guaranty
   
Tuition
Payment
Processing
and Campus
   
Enrollment
   
Total
Fee-
   
Asset
Generation
and
   
Corporate
Activity
and
         
Base Net
   
Adjustments
to GAAP
   
GAAP
Results of
 
   
Servicing
   
Commerce
   
Services
   
Based
   
Management
   
Overhead
   
Eliminations
   
Income
   
Results
   
Operations
 
                                                             
                                                             
Total interest income
  $ 17       4             21       155,701       1,922       (987 )     156,657             156,657  
Interest expense
                            54,105       6,125       (987 )     59,243             59,243  
Net interest income (loss)
    17       4             21       101,596       (4,203 )           97,414             97,414  
                                                                                 
Less provision for loan losses
                            6,200                   6,200             6,200  
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses
    17       4             21       95,396       (4,203 )           91,214             91,214  
                                                                                 
Other income (expense):
                                                                               
Loan and guaranty servicing revenue
    36,652                   36,652                         36,652             36,652  
Intersegment servicing revenue
    21,969                   21,969                   (21,969 )                  
Tuition payment processing and campus commerce revenue
          12,795             12,795                         12,795             12,795  
Enrollment services revenue
                35,403       35,403                         35,403             35,403  
Software services revenue
    5,499                   5,499                         5,499             5,499  
Other income
    295                   295       4,636       3,565             8,496             8,496  
Gain on sale of loans and debt repurchases
                            8,759                   8,759             8,759  
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
                                                    (7,231 )     (7,231 )
Derivative settlements, net
                            (3,377 )                 (3,377 )           (3,377 )
Total other income (expense)
    64,415       12,795       35,403       112,613       10,018       3,565       (21,969 )     104,227       (7,231 )     96,996  
                                                                                 
Operating expenses:
                                                                               
Salaries and benefits
    23,327       6,594       6,447       36,368       1,286       3,808       (500 )     40,962             40,962  
Cost to provide enrollment services
                24,111       24,111                         24,111             24,111  
Depreciation and amortization
    1,157       339       1,616       3,112             384             3,496       6,232       9,728  
Restructure expense
    84                   84             (12 )           72             72  
Other
    18,668       2,272       2,449       23,389       2,992       6,967             33,348             33,348  
Intersegment expenses, net
    1,149       879       641       2,669       21,891       (3,091 )     (21,469 )                  
Total operating expenses
    44,385       10,084       35,264       89,733       26,169       8,056       (21,969 )     101,989       6,232       108,221  
                                                                                 
Income (loss) before income taxes and corporate overhead allocation
    20,047       2,715       139       22,901       79,245       (8,694 )           93,452       (13,463 )     79,989  
Corporate overhead allocation
    (1,484 )     (495 )     (495 )     (2,474 )     (2,473 )     4,947                          
Income (loss) before income taxes
    18,563       2,220       (356 )     20,427       76,772       (3,747 )           93,452       (13,463 )     79,989  
Income tax (expense) benefit
    (7,053 )     (844 )     135       (7,762 )     (29,173 )     1,823             (35,112 )     5,116       (29,996 )
Net income (loss)
  $ 11,510       1,376       (221 )     12,665       47,599       (1,924 )           58,340       (8,347 )     49,993  
                                                                                 
Additional information:
                                                                               
Net income (loss)
  $ 11,510       1,376       (221 )     12,665       47,599       (1,924 )           58,340       (8,347 )     49,993  
Plus: Restructure expense (a)
    84                   84             (12 )           72       (72 )      
Less: Net tax effect
    (32 )                 (32 )           5             (27 )     27        
                                                                                 
Net income (loss), excluding restructure expense
  $ 11,562       1,376       (221 )     12,717       47,599       (1,931 )           58,385       (8,392 )     49,993  
 
(a)
During the second quarter of 2010, the Company recorded restructuring charges associated with previously implemented restructuring plans.
 
 
20

 

   
Six months ended June 30, 2011
 
  Fee-Based                                            
   
Student
Loan
and
Guaranty
Servicing
   
Tuition
Payment
Processing
and Campus
Commerce
   
Enrollment
Services
   
Total
Fee-
Based
   
Asset
Generation
and
Management
   
Corporate
Activity
and
Overhead
   
Eliminations
   
Base Net
Income
   
Adjustments
to GAAP
Results
   
GAAP
Results of
Operations
 
                                                             
                                                             
Total interest income
  $ 27       8             35       276,923       2,293       (1,377 )     277,874             277,874  
Interest expense
                            98,985       5,753       (1,377 )     103,361             103,361  
Net interest income (loss)
    27       8             35       177,938       (3,460 )           174,513             174,513  
                                                                                 
Less provision for loan losses
                            9,000                   9,000             9,000  
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses
    27       8             35       168,938       (3,460 )           165,513             165,513  
                                                                                 
Other income (expense):
                                                                               
Loan and guaranty servicing revenue
    73,025                   73,025                         73,025             73,025  
Intersegment servicing revenue
    34,650                   34,650                   (34,650 )                  
Tuition payment processing and campus commerce revenue
          34,130             34,130                         34,130             34,130  
Enrollment services revenue
                66,183       66,183                         66,183             66,183  
Software services revenue
    9,123                   9,123                         9,123             9,123  
Other income
                            8,133       5,185             13,318             13,318  
Gain on sale of loans and debt repurchases
                            1,400       6,907             8,307             8,307  
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
                                                    (15,697 )     (15,697 )
Derivative settlements, net
                            (7,312 )     (362 )           (7,674 )           (7,674 )
Total other income (expense)
    116,798       34,130       66,183       217,111       2,221       11,730       (34,650 )     196,412       (15,697 )     180,715  
                                                                                 
Operating expenses:
                                                                               
Salaries and benefits
    50,119       14,401       12,188       76,708       1,487       8,598             86,793             86,793  
Cost to provide enrollment services
                44,979       44,979                         44,979             44,979  
Depreciation and amortization
    2,642       681       1,593       4,916             694             5,610       7,935       13,545  
Restructure expense
                                                           
Other
    29,184       4,961       4,760       38,905       6,677       9,290             54,872             54,872  
Intersegment expenses, net
    2,429       2,211       1,777       6,417       35,194       (6,961 )     (34,650 )                  
Total operating expenses
    84,374       22,254       65,297       171,925       43,358       11,621       (34,650 )     192,254       7,935       200,189  
                                                                                 
Income (loss) before income taxes and corporate overhead allocation
    32,451       11,884       886       45,221       127,801       (3,351 )           169,671       (23,632 )     146,039  
Corporate overhead allocation
    (1,986 )     (662 )     (662 )     (3,310 )     (3,309 )     6,619                          
Income (loss) before income taxes
    30,465       11,222       224       41,911       124,492       3,268             169,671       (23,632 )     146,039  
Income tax (expense) benefit
    (11,575 )     (4,264 )     (85 )     (15,924 )     (47,714 )     624             (63,014 )     8,980       (54,034 )
Net income (loss)
  $ 18,890       6,958       139       25,987       76,778       3,892             106,657       (14,652 )     92,005  
 
21

 
   
Six months ended June 30, 2010
 
    Fee-Based                                            
   
Student
Loan
and
Guaranty
   
Tuition
Payment
Processing
and Campus
   
Enrollment
   
Total
Fee-
   
Asset
Generation
and
   
Corporate
Activity
and
         
Base net
   
Adjustments
to GAAP
   
GAAP
Results of
 
   
Servicing
   
Commerce
   
Services
   
Based
   
Management
   
Overhead
   
Eliminations
   
income
   
Results
   
Operations
 
                                                             
                                                             
Total interest income
  $ 30       12             42       290,963       3,520       (1,900 )     292,625             292,625  
Interest expense
                            99,761       12,241       (1,900 )     110,102             110,102  
Net interest income (loss)
    30       12             42       191,202       (8,721 )           182,523             182,523  
                                                                                 
Less provision for loan losses
                            11,200                   11,200             11,200  
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses
    30       12             42       180,002       (8,721 )           171,323             171,323  
                                                                                 
Other income (expense):
                                                                               
Loan and guaranty servicing revenue
    73,300                   73,300             (254 )           73,046             73,046  
Intersegment servicing revenue
    43,549                   43,549                   (43,549 )                  
Tuition payment processing and campus commerce revenue
          30,177             30,177                         30,177             30,177  
Enrollment services revenue
                68,674       68,674                         68,674             68,674  
Software services revenue
    9,843                   9,843                         9,843             9,843  
Other income
    519                   519       9,404       5,833             15,756             15,756  
Gain on sale of loans and debt repurchases
                            18,936                   18,936             18,936  
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
                                                    (3,126 )     (3,126 )
Derivative settlements, net
                            (5,800 )                 (5,800 )           (5,800 )
Total other income (expense)
    127,211       30,177       68,674       226,062       22,540       5,579       (43,549 )     210,632       (3,126 )     207,506  
                                                                                 
Operating expenses:
                                                                               
Salaries and benefits
    46,909       13,212       12,518       72,639       2,644       7,925       (1,602 )     81,606             81,606  
Cost to provide enrollment services
                46,136       46,136                         46,136             46,136  
Depreciation and amortization
    2,176       672       4,120       6,968       3       792             7,763       12,748       20,511  
Restructure expense
    1,289                   1,289             (20 )           1,269             1,269  
Other
    33,168       4,380       5,007       42,555       7,210       12,638             62,403             62,403  
Intersegment expenses, net
    2,992       1,653       1,074       5,719       42,716       (6,488 )     (41,947 )                  
Total operating expenses
    86,534       19,917       68,855       175,306       52,573       14,847       (43,549 )     199,177       12,748       211,925  
                                                                                 
Income (loss) before income taxes and corporate overhead allocation
    40,707       10,272       (181 )     50,798       149,969       (17,989 )           182,778       (15,874 )     166,904  
Corporate overhead allocation
    (2,673 )     (891 )     (891 )     (4,455 )     (4,454 )     8,909                          
Income (loss) before income taxes
    38,034       9,381       (1,072 )     46,343       145,515       (9,080 )           182,778       (15,874 )     166,904  
Income tax (expense) benefit
    (14,453 )     (3,566 )     408       (17,611 )     (55,296 )     4,286             (68,621 )     6,032       (62,589 )
Net income (loss)
  $ 23,581       5,815       (664 )     28,732       90,219       (4,794 )           114,157       (9,842 )     104,315  
                                                                                 
Additional information:
                                                                               
Net income (loss)
  $ 23,581       5,815       (664 )     28,732       90,219       (4,794 )           114,157       (9,842 )     104,315  
Plus: Restructure expense (a)
    1,289                   1,289             (20 )           1,269       (1,269 )      
Less: Net tax effect
    (490 )                 (490 )           8             (482 )     482        
                                                                                 
Net income (loss), excluding restructure expense
  $ 24,380       5,815       (664 )     29,531       90,219       (4,806 )           114,944       (10,629 )     104,315  
 
(a)
During the first six months of 2010, the Company recorded restructuring charges associated with previously implemented restructuring plans.

 
22

 

The adjustments required to reconcile from the Company’s “base net income” measure to its GAAP results of operations relate to differing treatments for derivatives, foreign currency transaction adjustments, and amortization of intangible assets. These items are excluded from management’s evaluation of the Company’s operating results. The following tables reflect adjustments associated with these areas by operating segment and Corporate Activity and Overhead:
 
   
Student
Loan
and
Guaranty
Servicing
   
Tuition
Payment
Processing
and Campus
Commerce
   
Enrollment
Services
   
Asset
Generation
and
Management
   
Corporate
Activity
and
Overhead
   
Total
 
                                     
   
Three months ended June 30, 2011
 
                                     
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
  $                   12,531        4,282        16,813   
Amortization of intangible assets
    2,100        981        878                    3,959   
Net tax effect (a)
    (798 )       (373 )       (334 )       (4,762 )       (1,626 )       (7,893 )  
                                                 
Total adjustments to GAAP
  $ 1,302       608        544        7,769        2,656        12,879   
                                                 
   
Three months ended March 31, 2011
 
                                                 
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
  $                   589        (1,705 )       (1,116 )  
Amortization of intangible assets
    2,100        998        878                    3,976   
Net tax effect (a)
    (798 )       (379 )       (334 )       (224 )       648        (1,087 )  
                                                 
Total adjustments to GAAP
  $ 1,302       619        544        365        (1,057 )       1,773   
                                                 
   
Three months ended June 30, 2010
 
                                                 
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
  $                   550        6,681        7,231   
Amortization of intangible assets
    2,114        1,591        2,527                    6,232   
Net tax effect (a)
    (803 )       (605 )       (958 )       (209 )       (2,541 )       (5,116 )  
                                                 
Total adjustments to GAAP
  $ 1,311       986        1,569        341        4,140        8,347   
                                                 
   
Six months ended June 30, 2011
 
                                                 
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
  $                   13,120        2,577        15,697   
Amortization of intangible assets
    4,200        1,979        1,756                    7,935   
Net tax effect (a)
    (1,596 )       (752 )       (667 )       (4,986 )       (979 )       (8,980 )  
                                                 
Total adjustments to GAAP
  $ 2,604       1,227        1,089        8,134        1,598        14,652   
                                                 
   
Six months ended June 30, 2010
 
                                                 
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments
  $                   (4,011 )       7,137        3,126   
Amortization of intangible assets
    4,350        3,516        4,882                    12,748   
Net tax effect (a)
    (1,653 )       (1,337 )       (1,858 )       1,524        (2,708 )       (6,032 )  
                                                 
Total adjustments to GAAP
  $ 2,697       2,179        3,024        (2,487 )       4,429        9,842   
                                                 
 
(a)
Income taxes are based on 38% for the individual operating segments.
 
 
23

 
 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses (net of settlements on derivatives)

The following table summarizes the components of “net interest income after provision for loan losses,” net of “derivative settlements, net” included in the attached condensed consolidated statements of income.
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
March 31
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
                               
Variable student loan interest margin, net of settlements on derivatives
  $ 53,997       52,530       67,804       106,527       120,334  
Fixed rate floor income, net of settlements on derivatives
    32,801        31,682        31,054        64,483        66,325   
Investment interest
    856       726       1,304       1,582       2,305  
Corporate debt interest expense
    (2,440 )     (3,313 )     (6,125 )     (5,753 )     (12,241 )
Provision for loan losses
    (5,250 )     (3,750 )     (6,200 )     (9,000 )     (11,200 )
                                         
Net interest income after provision for loan losses (net of settlements on derivatives)
  $ 79,964       77,875       87,837       157,839       165,523  

 
24

 

Student Loan Servicing Volumes (dollars in millions)
 
 
 
Derivative Market Value and Foreign Currency Adjustments

The following table summarizes the components of “derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments” included in the attached condensed consolidated statements of income.
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
March 31
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
                               
Change in fair value of derivatives - income (expense)
  $ 2,207       66,450       (100,632 )     68,658       (168,201 )
                                         
Foreign currency transaction adjustment (re-measurement of Euro notes) - income (expense)
    (19,020 )     (65,334 )     93,401       (84,355 )     165,075  
                                         
Derivative market value and foreign currency adjustments - income (expense)
  $ (16,813 )     1,116       (7,231 )     (15,697 )     (3,126 )
 
 
25

 

Derivative Settlements, net

The following table summarizes the components of “derivate settlements, net” included in the attached condensed consolidated statements of income.
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
March 31,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
Settlements:
                             
1:3 basis swaps
  $ 373       208       80       581       221  
T-Bill/LIBOR basis swaps
    (64 )     (129 )           (194 )      
Interest rate swaps - floor income hedges
    (6,345 )     (6,218 )     (4,286 )     (12,563 )     (8,142 )
Interest rate swaps - hybrid debt hedges
    (248 )     (246 )     (79 )     (494 )     (79 )
Cross-currency interest rate swaps
    2,770       2,109       917       4,880       2,219  
Other
    (8 )     124       (9 )     116       (19 )
                                         
   Total settlements - expense
  $ (3,522 )     (4,152 )     (3,377 )     (7,674 )     (5,800 )
 
Student Loans Receivable

The tables below outline the components of the Company’s student loan portfolio:
 
   
As of June 30, 2011
   
As of December 31, 2010
 
   
Held for investment
   
Held for investment
   
Held for sale (a)
 
Federally insured loans
  $ 23,083,157       23,757,699         
Non-federally insured loans
    30,655        26,370        84,987   
      23,113,812        23,784,069        84,987   
Unamortized loan discount/premiums and deferred origination costs, net
    157,266        207,571         
Allowance for loan losses – federally insured loans
    (31,968 )       (32,908 )        
Allowance for loan losses – non-federally insured loans
    (10,332 )       (10,718 )        
    $ 23,228,778       23,948,014        84,987   
                         
Allowance for federally insured loans as a percentage of such loans
    0.14 %     0.14 %        
Allowance for non-federally insured loans as a percentage of such loans
    33.70 %     10.64 %        
 
 
(a)
On January 13, 2011, the Company sold a portfolio of non-federally insured loans for proceeds of $91.3 million (100% of par value). The Company retained credit risk related to this portfolio and will pay cash to purchase back any loans which become 60 days delinquent. As of December 31, 2010, the Company classified this portfolio as held for sale and the loans were carried at fair value.

 
26

 

Student Loan Spread

The following table analyzes the student loan spread on the Company’s portfolio of student loans and represents the spread on assets earned in conjunction with the liabilities and derivative instruments used to fund the assets.
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
March 31,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
Variable student loan yield, gross
    2.57 %     2.60 %     2.72 %     2.58 %     2.64 %
Consolidation rebate fees
    (0.71 )     (0.72 )     (0.67 )     (0.72 )     (0.69 )
Premium and deferred origination costs amortization
    (0.14 )     (0.17 )     (0.19 )     (0.15 )     (0.23 )
Variable student loan yield, net
    1.72       1.71       1.86       1.71       1.72  
Student loan cost of funds - interest expense
    (0.83 )     (0.83 )     (0.81 )     (0.83 )     (0.78 )
Student loan cost of funds - derivative settlements
    0.05       0.03       0.01       0.04       0.02  
Variable student loan spread
    0.94       0.91       1.06       0.92       0.96  
Fixed rate floor income, net of settlements on derivatives
    0.57       0.55       0.48       0.56       0.53  
                                         
Core student loan spread
    1.51 %     1.46 %     1.54 %     1.48 %     1.49 %
                                         
Average balance of student loans
  $ 23,298,870       23,586,250       25,931,220       23,440,060       25,006,012  
Average balance of debt outstanding
    23,510,072       23,853,620       26,124,574       23,680,897       25,166,222  

Fixed Rate Floor Income
 
The following table shows the Company’s student loan assets that are earning fixed rate floor income as of June 30, 2011:
 
Fixed
interest
rate range
 
Borrower/
lender
weighted
average yield
 
Estimated
variable
conversion
rate (a)
 
Balance of
assets earning fixed-rate
floor income as of
June 30, 2011
             
<3.0%
 
2.87%
 
0.23%
$
1,528,366
3.0 - 3.49%
 
3.21%
 
0.57%
 
1,738,261
3.5 - 3.99%
 
3.65%
 
1.01%
 
1,775,005
4.0 - 4.49%
 
4.20%
 
1.56%
 
1,391,225
4.5 - 4.99%
 
4.72%
 
2.08%
 
772,220
5.0 - 5.49%
 
5.25%
 
2.61%
 
520,151
5.5 - 5.99%
 
5.67%
 
3.03%
 
315,462
6.0 - 6.49%
 
6.19%
 
3.55%
 
367,773
6.5 - 6.99%
 
6.70%
 
4.06%
 
327,867
7.0 - 7.49%
 
7.17%
 
4.53%
 
115,458
7.5 - 7.99%
 
7.71%
 
5.07%
 
202,937
8.0 - 8.99%
 
8.17%
 
5.53%
 
454,322
> 9.0%
 
9.04%
 
6.40%
 
259,645
         
$
9,768,692
             
(a) The estimated variable conversion rate is the estimated short-term interest rate at which loans would convert to variable rate.  As of June 30, 2011, the short-term interest rate was 19 basis points.
 
 
27

 
 
The following table summarizes the outstanding derivatives instruments as of June 30, 2011 used by the Company to hedge fixed-rate student loan assets.
 
Maturity
 
Notional
Amount
   
Weighted
average fixed
rate paid by
the Company (a)
             
2011
  $ 3,300,000       0.55 %
2012
    950,000       1.08  
2013
    2,150,000       0.85  
2015
    100,000       2.26  
2020
    50,000       3.23  
    $ 6,550,000       0.77 %
                 
(a)  For all interest rate derivatives, the Company receives discrete three-month LIBOR.

 

 

28