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| 8-K - FORM 8-K - Howmet Aerospace Inc. | d8k.htm |
| EX-99.2 - SLIDES PRESENTED DURING ALCOA INC. FIRST QUARTER 2011 EARNINGS CALL - Howmet Aerospace Inc. | dex992.htm |
EXHIBIT 99.1
FINAL TRANSCRIPT
Conference Call Transcript
AA - Q1 2011 Alcoa Inc Earnings Conference Call
Event Date/Time: Apr 11, 2011 / 09:00PM GMT
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FINAL TRANSCRIPT
| Apr 11, 2011 / 09:00PM GMT, AA - Q1 2011 Alcoa Inc Earnings Conference Call |
CORPORATE PARTICIPANTS
Roy Harvey
Alcoa Inc. - Director, IR
Chuck McLane
Alcoa Inc. - EVP and CFO
Klaus Kleinfeld
Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
CONFERENCE CALL PARTICIPANTS
David Gagliano
Credit Suisse - Analyst
Tony Rizzuto
Dahlman Rose & Co. - Analyst
Sal Tharani
Goldman Sachs - Analyst
Paretosh Misra
Morgan Stanley - Analyst
John Redstone
Desjardins Securities - Analyst
Brian Yu
Citibank - Analyst
PRESENTATION
Operator
Good day, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the first-quarter 2011 Alcoa Inc. earnings conference call. My name is Melody and I will be your coordinator for today.
At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. (Operator Instructions)
I would now like to turn the call over to Mr. Roy Harvey, Director of Investor Relations. Please proceed, sir.
Roy Harvey - Alcoa Inc. - Director, IR
Thank you, Melody. Good afternoon and welcome to Alcoa’s first-quarter 2011 earnings conference call. I am joined by Klaus Kleinfeld, Chairman and CEO; and Chuck McLane, Executive Vice President and CFO.
After comments by Chuck and Klaus, we will take your questions. Before we begin, I’d like to remind you that today’s discussion will contain forward-looking statements relating to future events and expectations.
You can find factors that could cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from these projections listed in today’s press release and presentation and in our most recent SEC filings. In addition, we’ve included some non-GAAP financial measures in our discussion.
Reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures can be found in today’s press release, in the appendix to today’s presentation and on our website at www.alcoa.com under the “Invest” section. Any reference in our discussion today to the EBITDA means adjusted EBITDA for which we have provided calculations and reconciliations in the appendix. Now, I would like to turn it over to Chuck.
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| Apr 11, 2011 / 09:00PM GMT, AA - Q1 2011 Alcoa Inc Earnings Conference Call |
Chuck McLane - Alcoa Inc. - EVP and CFO
Thanks, Roy. I would like to welcome everyone for joining us today on the call.
You know, just a few months ago, we closed out an important year for Alcoa and celebrated the success of our 2009 and 2010 cash sustainability program. All our targets were met for those two years and the Company’s financial position was considerably strengthened.
We then outlined to you our financial goals for 2011 and our strategic targets for the next several years. I’m pleased to announce that we have achieved a number of important milestones this quarter in each of our segments.
While the first quarter is only a first step, we’re clearly on the path to achieving our goals. We have been able to capitalize on improving end-markets and the strength in aluminum pricing. But more importantly, we have demonstrated that we can achieve profitable growth in each of our businesses.
Now let’s go on to the first-quarter overview. Income from continuing operations in the quarter was $309 million or $0.27 per share. Restructuring and other special items totaled a negative $0.01 per share in the quarter which brings us to an EPS excluding special items of $0.28 per share.
This represents an increase of 33% versus last quarter and an increase of 180% versus the first quarter of 2010. Our revenues grew 22% year over year and 5% sequentially.
This increase is not the entire story. Our end-markets actually showed significant strength.
In fact, when looking at the year-over-year improvement, only one-third came from price changes in the LME, whereas approximately 50% came from increased volume, and the remainder came from pricing and product mix actions that we undertook. EBITDA of $955 million rose 22% from last quarter and 60% from the first quarter of last year.
Revenue, income from continuing ops and EBITDA were our best results since the third quarter of 2008. All of our segments showed sequential improvements in profitability.
Both our Alumina and Primary Metals businesses are now performing at an EBITDA per ton greater than the 10-year average. Our Flat-Rolled Products segment had a record first quarter at $81 million in ATOI and $173 million in EBITDA, and our Engineered Products and Solutions segment delivered its best ever quarter with an EBITDA margin of over 18%.
An investment in working capital to support continued growth in our end-markets coupled with higher realized pricing resulted in cash used from operations of $236 million and negative free cash flow of $440 million. Still, we achieved a two-day improvement in days working capital, once again proving that we are sustaining our operations at lower levels of working capital. Given this strong start, we expect to continue on our goal to be free cash flow positive for the year.
We continued to strengthen our balance sheet and perform within our 2011 targets, as our debt to cap ratio stood at 33.6% or 130 basis points lower than the fourth quarter and comfortably within our 30 to 35% target range. And lastly, during the quarter, we completed the acquisition of the aerospace fastener business of TransDigm, acquired the full ownership of the technology associated with carbothermic aluminum production and invested in Electronic Recyclers International, the largest recycler of electronics in the US. These are all strategic growth projects that will strengthen our Company for the future.
Now let’s move onto the income statement. The sequential increase in revenue is primarily due to a 7% increase in Alumina and a 17% increase in Flat-Rolled Products. Cost of goods sold as a percent of revenue was 79.1%, an improvement of 120 basis points from the fourth quarter and a 300 basis point improvement from the year ago quarter.
The improvements were due to higher pricing and volume, somewhat offset by higher energy and raw material costs. Our SG&A as a percent of sales was down to 4.1%.
That’s down from 5% in the fourth quarter and 4.9% in the first quarter of 2010. Our effective tax rate for the quarter was 27.4%. This is slightly less than our previously announced guidance for 2011 and reflects the increased profit in lower tax rate jurisdictions.
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| Apr 11, 2011 / 09:00PM GMT, AA - Q1 2011 Alcoa Inc Earnings Conference Call |
Income from continuing operations was $309 million, a 20% improvement from the fourth quarter of 2010, and a $503 million improvement from the first quarter of last year. Let me now move on to the special items in the first quarter.
It was a pretty clean quarter, but we did have three items and they totaled $8 million or $0.01 per share. First, we took a $5 million restructuring charge during the quarter which was driven by headcount reductions in Russia, Italy and Australia.
Our acquisition costs were a charge of $8 million in the quarter as we completed the acquisition of the aerospace fastener business of TransDigm and we acquired the full ownership of the technology associated with the carbothermic process. Lastly, non-cash mark-to-market impacts of power contracts generated a favorable $5 million.
Now let’s take a quick view of the business groups. I would like to highlight the improvements in each of the four segments.
As you look at both the sequential quarter and year-over-year results, each of our businesses improved on an ATOI basis. Alumina achieved a 97% improvement from the prior year, Primary a 64% improvement, Flat-Rolled Products 170% improvement and Engineered Products and Solutions a 60% improvement.
You can also see that we’ve made solid progress in controlling corporate and regional overhead expenses, a 12% improvement sequentially and 9% from the prior year. We’re very pleased with this performance but we do realize it’s just a first step towards our aggressive future targets.
Let’s now move on to the sequential earnings bridge. As you know, this slide bridges our income from continuing operations excluding restructuring and other special items.
Pricing and price actions improved profitability by $162 million. LME-based realized aluminum pricing increased by $170 per ton while alumina pricing benefited from improved contractual LME prices, the move to index pricing and the benefits of an improved spot price.
Flat-Rolled Products also delivered high conversion revenues this quarter from improved product and customer mix. Productivity provided a positive lift as our business has continued to find ways to reduce costs.
The benefits of productivity and pricing were partially offset by higher energy, raw materials and restart costs. The A dollar, C dollar, Brazilian real and euro all contributed to the negative currency impact of $14 million.
We will discuss the other cost increases as part of the segment slides. And as I said previously, taxes moved to a 27.4% operating rate this quarter. Now let’s move to the segments.
Starting with Alumina, increased production at Sao Luis and Jamaica were offset by the scheduled maintenance outages in Western Australia. Excluding these outages, our daily rate of production showed a marked increase, demonstrating solid production results across the system.
ATOI showed the strong sequential increase of $77 million due to higher LME-based pricing as well as a shift in customer mix to spot and alumina index pricing. At this point, 20% of our customers are priced on a spot or index basis.
Also significant to note is that EBITDA rose to $286 million or $71 per metric ton, better than our 10-year average of $66 per metric ton. Favorable alumina pricing was partially offset by higher costs for natural gas in Australia, higher fuel oil prices in Europe and Latin America, higher caustic prices and higher maintenance costs of $12 million on scheduled outages in Australia and Brazil.
We also had a charge this quarter for $7 million related to a labor contract settlement in Australia. Moving to the outlook for the second quarter, production is projected to increase 125,000 tons and LME-based pricing will follow the 60-day lag.
Following the earthquake and tsunami in Japan, we are seeing increasing tightness in the Asian caustic market. Due to this disruption as well as the continuing unrest in the Middle East, we expect to see higher input costs of fuel oil. Let’s now move to the Primary Metals segment.
Production was down a slight 9000 metric tons this quarter but up slightly on a days basis. As previously announced, Massena, Intalco and Wenatchee restarted capacity in the first quarter resulting in a cost of $9 million.
These plants will turn profitable next quarter. Realized pricing improved by 7% sequentially and by slightly more than 15% year over year.
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| Apr 11, 2011 / 09:00PM GMT, AA - Q1 2011 Alcoa Inc Earnings Conference Call |
ATOI increased to $202 million this quarter, a 13% increase sequentially and a 64% increase year over year. We continue to see gains in the EBITDA per ton performance in the quarter, reaching $438 a ton which is better than the ten-year average of $390 per ton.
During the quarter, we experienced higher energy, energy derivative and raw material costs. These increases were partially offset by productivity gains as we continue to drive to improve the efficiencies of our plants.
As we look forward to next quarter, we anticipate an increase in production of 50,000 metric tons as the US restarts begin to contribute. We also see rising raw material costs especially carbon products, the markets of which continue to tighten as turmoil in the Middle East and North Africa and increasing aluminum production continue to drive demand even while suppliers continue to consolidate.
Let’s now move onto Flat-Rolled Products. ATOI improved to a record first-quarter performance of $81 million on stronger pricing in North America and Europe, better mix and higher volumes which were partially offset by cost increases for alloy materials and higher regional premiums.
We also achieved a record first-quarter EBITDA performance of $173 million. Russia remained profitable for a fourth consecutive quarter.
Year-over-year performance is also improving with strong growth in can stock volume up 60% and in conversion revenue up 104%. China continues its positive momentum as volumes ramp up with Bohai achieving its first positive EBITDA month in March.
We expect that both of these key emerging markets will continue improvement in 2011 as volume increases and as our products continue to meet the qualification requirements with new customers. Next quarter, we expect to see continued demand strength as well as seasonal can stock volume increases.
We will work to offset cost pressures through productivity enhancements. We expect to maintain and improve both EBITDA per ton and our EBITDA margins in this business.
With the solid performance this quarter, we are well on our way to achieving our 2011 revenue target of between $7.2 billion to $7.6 billion and our 2013 revenue target of $8.8 billion. Let’s now move to Engineered Products and Solutions.
ATOI of $130 million was up 15% sequentially driven by increased volume and productivity improvements. We achieved record EBITDA margins at 18.4%, our best result ever, up 170 basis points over last quarter and 420 basis points year over year.
This is the fourth quarter in a row that this segment has delivered record results when compared to previous years’ quarters. And our portfolio of current products and innovative products in the pipeline support continued strong growth.
During the first quarter, we completed the acquisition of the TransDigm fastener business. The integration of these plants is proceeding well and the product portfolio is a perfect complement to our existing business. We continue to believe that this acquisition will be accretive to earnings during 2001 [Alcoa Correction: 2011].
Looking ahead, we anticipate incremental improvements in our markets along with additional gains in market share. We will of course continue to pursue opportunities for productivity improvements.
With the solid performance this quarter, we’re well on our way to achieving our 2011 revenue target of between $4.8 billion to $4.9 billion and our 2013 revenue target of $6.2 billion. Let’s now move to the cash flow statement.
Cash used from operations totaled negative $236 million in the quarter. While net income increased by more than $70 million, the sequential decline was largely due to an increase in working capital driven by higher realized prices and higher volumes.
Working capital currently stands at 38 days which is a two-day improvement over the same period last year. This result truly shows that our businesses have learned how to manage increased demand with less working capital.
We continue to believe that we can replicate or improve upon last year’s working capital days despite increasing demand in all of our end-markets. Free cash flow use was $440 million in the quarter with capital expenditures down $161 million from the fourth quarter.
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| Apr 11, 2011 / 09:00PM GMT, AA - Q1 2011 Alcoa Inc Earnings Conference Call |
In other investing activity, we invested $85 million in Ma’aden and a $10 million investment in Electronics Recyclers International. Additionally, we acquired the aerospace fastener business TransDigm for $240 million in the quarter.
Debt was up $101 million in the quarter although our debt to cap ratio improved by 130 basis points to 33.6%. Cash on hand was $887 million.
We’re still committed to finishing the year free cash flow positive. Given its importance this quarter, let me give you a little more clarity on our working capital.
While absolute working capital levels have increased from last quarter due to improved market conditions and pricing, we have been able to extend our historically low days working capital performance. We believe this performance attests to the sustainability of our working capital reductions.
As you can see in the breakout by operating group, we were able to maintain our performance across each of our businesses. Now let me finish up with a recap of our 2011 financial targets.
If you look to each of our 2011 financial goals, you can see we’re achieving every target. We are targeting sustaining and growth capital not to exceed $1.5 billion and we’re well within these targets for the first quarter.
We expect our investment in the Ma’aden project to be $400 million; and again, we were well within this goal. Our debt to cap, we continue to target 30% to 35%.
We have improved by 130 basis points sequentially to 33.6% in the quarter. On free cash flow, despite a negative result for the quarter driven by increased working capital, we made a strong start to the year, confirming our expectations that we will generate free cash flow in 2011.
As I’ve said in previous calls, we are focused on maintaining our capital discipline and improving our balance sheet while growing our businesses and capitalizing on investments already made in our operations. Positive free cash flow is the foundation for these goals and we are committed to achieving that goal this year. Now I would like to turn the presentation over to Klaus.
Klaus Kleinfeld - Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
Thank you very much, Chuck. Why don’t we go to straight into a look on the end markets. Let’s bring that chart up, please.
Well, we are obviously going to cover those ones that are most relevant for Alcoa and the aluminum demand. So let’s start with aerospace.
We expect the aerospace market to grow 7% in 2011. That’s actually up 1 percentage point from our previous estimate.
It is strongly driven by large commercial aircraft. What are the strong growth drivers? There are a couple.
Boeing and Airbus have a production backlog of six years and both companies have pretty much announced a substantial bid rate increase for all of their major models. You can go from the 737, they mentioned 31 today, perhaps 42 a month going up there; 777 going from three to eight; 747-8 ramp up two per month by 2012; 787 starting up to 75 to 100 per year; Airbus pretty much the same story, A320 going from 36 today to perhaps 44; A380 going from two to three per month by 2012 and the extra wide body A350 starting at the end of 2011 and first delivery 2013.
There other growth drivers that are positive in the aerospace industry. The global growth in revenue and passenger miles is one IATA expects for this year a 5.7% increase. The airline profitability expectation is $9.1 billion.
But let me also mention some headwinds, because people are speculating about what happens here as headwinds. And also, let’s put those things in perspective.
There’s a continued weakness on the business jet segment but that is a small segment. It’s only 13%.
Japan, Middle East situation is another one of those. The estimated impact by IATA by the way is a reduction on the growth of 0.5 to 1 percentage points from the 5.7% to probably 5%. And on the airline profitability, the impact is estimated to be around $500 million. So you go from the estimate of $9.1 billion to $8.6 billion.
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| Apr 11, 2011 / 09:00PM GMT, AA - Q1 2011 Alcoa Inc Earnings Conference Call |
And then another headwind is the fuel price increases but most airlines so far have been able to pass these ones on either through fare increases or to buffer them off via hedging. And also keep in mind, on the fuel price increases which are substantial, these are also positive drivers for a renewed fleet because people are looking for more modern and more fuel-efficient planes. So all in all, on the aerospace side we are positive, 7% growth is what we expect this year and we believe this market has a great outlook and I’ll touch upon that a little later.
Automotive, the second category here in our end-markets. If the recovery continues to be strong, we expect overall on a global basis a growth between 5 to 11%. North America, very strong start in 2011, February and March numbers both selling rates above 30 million cars, and we expect the year-on-year growth between 9 and 13%.
That’s also a very good story. In addition to that because we are looking at increased aluminum content driven very strongly by the new CAFE emissions standards driving very much for lightweighting.
Europe automotive we expect modest sales growth between 0% and 5%. The registrations in February in Europe are slightly up 1.4% on a year-on-year basis. That is by the way the first year-on-year increase since 11 months.
Last year production was still up, driven very much by exports. So we believe production will be up again supported by European demand and export, but exports lower than what we’ve seen in the last year.
China automotive, slow start into the year. Just on the weekend the new numbers came out for March. 5.4% year-on-year growth in March.
Overall the first quarter has a growth rate of 8% now. That is very strongly driven by the fact that most vehicle incentives have expired. It’s not as strong as 2010 with 33%, but we expect a growth rate here of 9 to 14% because we will continue to see GDP growth in China and also an increased consumer purchasing power driving that.
So let’s move on to the next segment, heavy truck and trailer. We have increased our growth estimate which originally was 0 to 5% to 5 to 10% because there’s an improved outlook here in North America and Europe.
If you look at North America, very strong recovery. March Class A truck sales orders were 29,000. That’s on an annualized basis 350,000. That is the fifth consecutive month above 24,000 and we are here approaching orders rates off the peak year 2006 where the production was 376,000.
So we believe that the year-to-date production is up 37% and there’s an increased backlog on top of it of more than 98,000. So that’s all very positive.
If you add into that the trailer production in the US of around 14,400, this is up 102%. So we project for truck and trailer North America 45 to 50% growth rate. Europe U27 truck and trailer registrations are up 65% by January. There’s a couple of factors here that go into and drive that. The catch-up of demand from the previous lows and the export and also the local recovery in places like Germany; so we expect a growth rate in Europe between 16 and 21%.
And then comes China, January truck sales up 9%, February 6% up. After 2010 there has been a remarkable growth of 60% which came up to almost 1 million trucks.
I think this is going to be hard-pressed to be repeated as the stimulus program runs out and the housing market kind of slows down. But there’s also an expectation that new emissions standards will be coming in by middle of this year. So we believe that the growth is going to continue but on a slower pace in China, 3%, but applied to a very high number.
Beverage cans, next segment here, we expect the global growth rate to be flat. Europe and China will grow, North America will remain on an already high level.
There are clear indications of a positive outlook in places like China, Brazil, and Russia. The can makers are investing in new manufacturing capabilities.
If you look at China for instance, an increase of 40% in the next 12 months, 15 new can lines are going in. If you look at Russia, Can-Pack and Ball Corporation are discussing plans to expand into Southern Russia in 2012. In Europe we see an addition to that, a further replacement of steel cans into aluminum.
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| Apr 11, 2011 / 09:00PM GMT, AA - Q1 2011 Alcoa Inc Earnings Conference Call |
We also believe that there is momentum to drive for more innovative aluminum packaging which is obviously one of Alcoa’s strongholds, going into products like energy drinks, ready-to-drink teas as well as beers. Let’s come to commercial building and construction.
Our expectations are really mixed. Moderate weakness in North America and Europe and a healthy growth in China, so overall 2 to 3%.
North America we expect further contraction of minus 4% to minus 8%. In the first quarter of this year, the nonresidential project rate eased slightly to 10% from 15% in the second half of last year, that’s an improvement clearly but it’s still twice the normal rate.
In the last quarter of last year, architectural building rates, and I think I reported on that, began to stabilize, so a lot of people thought this was a good positive indicator. But then the first two months in 2011 showed that trend was reversed.
So all of that pretty much shows that when it comes to commercial building and construction North America, that’s a pretty fragile market still. In Europe, we expect a further decline between 4 and 6%, and that’s by Spain.
And in China, we believe that growth is going to continue 10 to 12% as we will see continued infrastructure buildout in areas like education, health care as well as the consumer focus going into retail as well as office space. Last but not least, let’s go to industrial gas turbines.
We expect an increase here between 5 to 10%. The recent events in Japan really caused an immediate need to rebuild the power supply and there’s an added question around nuclear. So both of those should be a positive driver for the gas turbine market and the gas turbine market will benefit.
It will also benefit from the finds of shale gas which is changing the gas price structure and makes this a more attractive fuel, and then the advantages in the gas turbine market of low invest as well as short leadtimes as well as lower CO2 emissions. So all of that is positive news for the gas turbine markets.
When you look at — and this picture says it probably better than anything — when you just look at the number of green arrows on there, compare that probably to a year ago, the end-markets are in good shape. We’re pleased with the strength that we see there and we are off to a great start into this year.
So what does that all mean for aluminum? Let’s go to the next slide.
So this is the aluminum demand projection structured by region. This remains as we have already projected as of the start of this year.
We believe we’re going to have a growth rate this year of 12%. And when you look at it where it basically comes from, it’s basically mainly driven by China and then by the BRICs, actually BRICs showing you more activity than in the last year and then the emerging markets.
North America and Europe pretty much stay at the level of last year. So let’s move on to inventories and regional premiums so that you get a better feel of where the market is.
So let’s look — this is a little complex but I’ve used this chart before, and I’ll lead through that because I think it’s important to understand because people I think always have a lot of questions around this. So let’s start with the left-hand side here which pretty much stacks up the visible global inventories — LME, China, Japan port as well as producer inventories.
And we do see that the global visible inventories are five days higher compared to the fourth quarter. That’s all to put that into perspective, it’s still nine days down from the February 2010 numbers. And I will give you some more insight on that phenomenon on the next slide.
But let’s move to the right-hand side here which is the real good indicator. So on the left-hand side, you see the inventory level has increased.
On the right-hand side, you see the regional premiums and broken down by the most important regions. The regional premiums are the best and most sensitive indicator pretty much of what happens when you’re really out there and want to buy some aluminum and are a good indicator of whether the market has an overhang or whether the market is tight.
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| Apr 11, 2011 / 09:00PM GMT, AA - Q1 2011 Alcoa Inc Earnings Conference Call |
And what you do see there is Europe remains at a historic high with $204 premium, Midwest has even increased to $145. It was at the end of last year, it was at $137. Japan remains high. So there’s strong regional demand. There’s a certain tightness in the market and it’s a function pretty much of a couple of factors.
Stronger demand, higher transportation costs, tighter scrap as well as attractive financing deals out there, and so people going after the metals. So when you look at those two things, you might say, how does all work? You have very high premiums, so obviously regional tightness while you see inventories going up, and let me therefore show you another analysis here that tries to shed a little light on what we believe is going on here in the market so you better understand.
To understand it, you actually need to do a number of assessments here, and that’s what we tried to do here on the left-hand side because we’re trying to get a feel — better feel for the total global inventory. The chart that I showed you on the last page and that traditionally we have been showing you shows you a 10-year overview, so you have all historic data available for those markets that are visible and that basically have that historic number.
So, here you now see — and there you saw basically that the days have gone up by five days and if you look at the absolute number, you’re talking about an increase of around 600,000 tons. What you see here on the left-hand side now, we added into it the other shiny visible stock which is about 800,000 and then an estimate of the off-warrant stocks, and we estimate them to be around 1.5 to 2.5 million tons. So let’s go through there.
So the bottom of those stacked bars on the left-hand side show the LME on warrant. So the LME on warrant, if you look at the fourth quarter, the first quarter has increased by 300,000 tons.
At the same time if you now look at the top there, the thing that has this red dotted line around it, these are the off-warrant estimates. And the off-warrant estimates at the same time have reduced by the same amount.
So let’s now go to the right-hand side here, this curve and the bars there. What the red curve there shows is the contango, the cash to three-month contango. And the blue bars show the change in the LME stock whether it is up or down.
And what you do see here once the contango drops, inventories move from off-warrant to on-warrant. So it’s simply a function of competing financial deals. So that’s one thing that has happened. So something that was not visible has moved into visible.
Then the second thing here, now let’s go back to the left-hand side, let’s look at producer-held stocks. Producer-held stocks have also slightly gone up, and that increase is also very simply explained by new smelters reporting into it; smelters like Qatalum (Qatar), EMAL (Abu Dhabi), Sohar (Oman) and Vedanta (India) are reporting into it. And given the increased activity in the market in general, we do see an increased level of production and therefore also work in process here. So that’s a second explanation.
So we hope that this gives you a little better understanding on what is going on in the market because it might look like you have an increase in the stocks, but the truth of the matter, the stock is moving from invisible to visible, and if there is some need for proving that nothing really substantially has changed in the market and really is what I showed in the previous slide, it is the higher regional premiums, the record high regional premiums. So that’s clearly a proof that there continues to be a pretty strong tightness in the market.
So, another subject of great interest always is China, and therefore we thought let’s address that right away in here because there are things changing. And China has gone just through this gigantic task of putting their 12th five-year plan/program/whatever you want to call it out, and now it is official and these are the five themes that you see in there — continued national buildout, GDP growth target 7% — by the way, I’ve had a number of chats with many people that said — my God, 7%; this is really a cooldown of the whole industry.
Let’s keep in mind that this is a target, and the target for the 11th five-year program was 7.5%. The reality was double-digit growth, and obviously you apply the 7% to today a much bigger economy.
The second theme here is upgrading industries, moving up the value chain. A third theme is addressing the environment and energy efficiency. Fourth theme, the social spending increase. And the last theme is narrow the regional development gap.
So that is pretty much the policy guidelines and as usual, this policy guideline has an impact on the whole society as well as all industries in China. And therefore we have here on the right-hand side some of the I would say factoids on the aluminum industry in China and what we do see there. Let’s start with smelting.
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There is clearly going to be a new power efficiency and emission standard. They already have come out.
The interesting thing is some of the facts that we’ve put underneath, 45% of all smelters in China are today in the top quartile of the cost curve. 20% of all Chinese smelters are outdated and use inefficient technology.
So obviously this will be addressed, there is no question about it. The five-year plan applied to the aluminum industry also encourages smelters to own their own power.
35% of all smelters use power from the national grid. And if you look at the power prices in the last years, they have gone substantially up, and you would I think for the right reasons question whether a smelter that uses power from the national grid is sustainable even in the mid and maybe even in the short term.
Then there are new projects, a lot of people are talking about that, the move to the West. But then when you look under the hood, you actually see that more than 50% of those new projects are coal-fired power.
And then you look at the aspect of addressing the environment, and I think that that causes potential conflict there. When you move to refining, 37% of all refineries in China are in the top quartile of the cost curve and 78% are in the top half. 10% import alumina and nearly 100% of the refineries use coal.
On the bauxite, 40% of the refineries import bauxite and 20 to 30% of the bauxite that is mined in China is mined underground and there’s going to be — last point here — an increased effort as well as demand for recycling. The target is out to 2020, 20% use of recycled material.
So if you look at the five-year plan and look at the aluminum industry facts in China, I think there’s quite a bit of change needed. And change is on the one hand a challenge but on the true Chinese way it also spells opportunities, and in my view, the opportunities themselves are in the area of bauxite, alumina and aluminum and basically targeting or directing towards imports. So let’s see where we are today on the supply-demand side.
We basically — the picture here basically hasn’t changed. I mean you see on the China side a slight deficit of 700,000 tons and you see on the Western side a slight surplus of 945,000 tons. So that’s pretty much unchanged and pretty much in balance.
Same thing by the way on the alumina side; clearly, clearly in balance. So that concludes basically the view on the market. Let’s look now at Alcoa’s performance and start with our four major businesses. Let’s start with Alumina.
The strategic goal as shown here again on the left-hand side is to move further down on the cost curve, 7 percentage points until 2015. And we want to perform at the same time above historic levels.
If you look to the lower level, you actually see there the little box there, the strengthening of the alumina price indexes. This is the Platts alumina price indexes.
Been a major change underway to drive towards index pricing. It’s well underway, 20% of our customers are now priced on alumina price index or spot.
You see also that Sao Luis and Juruti are continuing to move well up on their production, Suriname and Point Comfort, kind of our swing plants, are making additional volume. And then if you look at the upper right-hand box here which is the 10-year comparison of the profitability, you actually do see that all of this, what we are doing in here from pricing to volume to cost down, it has a positive impact on the profitability.
$71 per metric ton is the current profit level and if you compare it with the historic profit level which was $66 per ton, it is already above that and that is a good thing. Let’s move on to Aluminum.
On the Aluminum side, clear focus to move 10 percentage points down on the cost curve until 2015. And you see the impact also here on the many things that we’re doing on the right-hand side, the same 10-year comparison of EBITDA per metric ton.
You see the level that we have reached now is $438 per metric ton. That’s $48 above the historic norm of $390 there. So that’s clearly a function of rising prices as well as cost reduction here.
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The US production, the restart tests progressed very nicely, brought us near-term financial opportunities, and there’s also some future modernization opportunities and growth there, chances to improve the margin. At the same time, we’re also using the casthouses to capture some value through a smart way of working with them.
Ma’aden, remind you of that, will come online here — the smelter will come online in 2013. It’s going to be lowest cost. Refinery will come online a year later. It will also be the lowest cost.
Along the line of pictures says more than 1000 words, here are a couple of pictures from the sites. The steel is coming out of the ground. All major equipment for the smelter as well as the rolling mill is ordered.
Keep in mind this is Phase 1 smelter and rolling mill, and then Phase 2 is the mine and the refinery.
So the project is progressing very well. We are on time, on budget and on specs.
Financing phase 1 had been concluded by November 30 last year. This was around $4.5 billion and the next one, the second round, around $2 billion is going to get launched by the end of April this year.
So let’s move on to the third segment, Rolled Products. You may remember we have ambitious profitable growth targets.
We want to add $2.5 billion to the top line here by 2013 and 35 to 50% of that we want to get in 2011, and we want to perform above historic levels.
So you look at the left upper side here, again a 10-year comparison to the performance, and you can clearly see this is a very strong start. We have the best ever first-quarter profitability here and the margin was 9%, continues to be strong, and the good news also on top of it, 32% revenue growth on a year-on-year basis.
When you look further down here, you see that we substantially improved the EBITDA per metric ton, focusing on quality growth, combining the right products, right value at quality, delivery performance and innovation as well as emerging markets. And all of that in an environment where we have a utilization of roughly 80%, so there’s good room to continue on that path of profitable growth. The Ma’aden rolling mill will be up and running in 2013.
So let’s also highlight some of the major — two of the major growth projects here on the rolling side, Russia and China. On Russia, we are profitable since the second quarter of 2010. We have a 60% volume growth year on year, record can stock volume in Russia.
All of this drives higher realized conversion revenues, set a record in the first quarter on conversion revenues. And we also believe we will continue to use the growth opportunity that the Russian market gives us and that has upside for Alcoa.
On the right-hand side, China, the full capacity will be reached by 2012. We had a 90% volume growth year on year in the first quarter and we have been EBITDA positive with China in total, mainly driven by Bohai ramping up nicely.
Last but not least, our fourth segment, Engineered Product and Solution, again also here, very strong profitable growth targets. We want to add $1.6 billion revenues until 2013 and we want to bring 25 to 30% in in 2011 and all of that at a performance level above historic norms.
If you look at the upper left-hand chart here, you do see that we had a great start of the year. The first quarter shows the best ever EBITDA margin and on top of it, all of that has been achieved while we had 16% revenue growth year on year.
We continued to innovate in all of the segments from power and propulsion, fastening, building and construction, forging and extrusion as well as commercial. Commercial wheels here.
We made the acquisition — TransDigm, completed our strong fastener portfolio through that. The integration of that is progressing nicely and we feel that the acquisition is going to be accretive already in 2011.
All of that we achieved as you see by the upper right-hand corner pie chart there in an environment where we had on the aerospace side a utilization of 76% and in the rest of the businesses, a utilization rate of 67%, a clear indication that we’ve done the right things here in this
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segment. That is by the way slightly up from where it was by the end of last year. So let’s spend a few minutes not only on the business groups, but we are catering to some industries that — where we have offerings that go across businesses like in aerospace.
So we offer a range of products including fastening systems, forging and extrusion, investment casting as well as rolled products. And what you see here on the right-hand side, I mean over the last years, we’ve built this out systematically and doubled our revenues.
It’s now at the level of $2.9 billion. Just in the first quarter, we concluded the tack-on acquisition of TransDigm in the fastener business as I mentioned before. We have also not stopped innovating in this area with major part of the growth coming basically from all of those innovations.
So on the left-hand side, you see what Alcoa provides today and the Alcoa content today basically goes from tip to tail, from wing to wing, and we will continue to grow well in this very, very attractive market. So to conclude, we see strengthening of the markets on the end-customer side as well as in aluminum.
We have a strong business performance, 22% revenue growth year on year; on alumina, better than ten-year average performance; Primary, same thing; Flat-Rolled Products, record first quarter; Engineered Product, record results, better than ever. We are well on track to meeting our aggressive targets.
Keep in mind we have a combined $4.1 billion revenue growth target until 2013 with an increased profitability. So, let me finish with that. This quarter marks an excellent performance. It is a solid further step into the right direction. Thank you very much. And with that, I guess we will lead into the Q&A session.
QUESTION AND ANSWER
Operator
(Operator Instructions) David Gagliano, Credit Suisse.
David Gagliano - Credit Suisse - Analyst
Just on the Alumina business, you indicated 20% of your third-party alumina is now basically on a spot basis. I was wondering if you can help us with how we should expect that 20% figure to change in the coming quarters, and do you still expect that figure to be 100% spot by 2015?
Klaus Kleinfeld - Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
Well, you do see that we are well on track here. We actually said that about 20% becomes available per annum and that it will take a while to ripple through. That is exactly right.
So basically the five years that we refer to, we now have pretty much exactly 20% that are on the alumina price index or on spot, and that pretty much comes out to exactly that number. So yes, yes and yes.
Operator
Tony Rizzuto, Dahlman Rose.
Tony Rizzuto - Dahlman Rose & Co. - Analyst
Thanks very much gentlemen and I appreciate all the color you gave us and it’s good see the improvement. My question is I would like to dive a little bit further into some of the cost pressures you are feeling now.
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Because it seems like currency and oil-related costs as well as — you know I understand that European spot power rates have also increased quite considerably. Could you give us a sense of the magnitude of these cost pressures as we are now in the second quarter? And do you still feel very comfortable that with all the improvements that you are employing that you’ll be able to offset these?
Chuck McLane - Alcoa Inc. - EVP and CFO
Well, Tony, if you looked at the first-quarter bridge, you will see currency showing up there. Obviously the US dollar is weakened against the four major currencies we compete against; the A dollar, the C dollar, the real and the euro. And we continue to give you sensitivities on that.
Energy is hurting us on energy contracts that are tied to the LME as well as fuel oil. I think what you are referring to, that we have got so many actions that have taken place and ongoing actions on the raw materials side around carbon products and also caustic. I’ll just give you a few of the items that we have got going on to try and combat these.
If you looked at our calcined coke production for instance, we have taken actions to increase that production capacity this year by more than 20%. If you went to fluoride, we developed a ten-year cost-based contract with a supplier that is cost based and going to meet our requirements in North America which we think gives us an advantage.
We said it before but we haven’t stopped and we’ve reduced and consolidated specifications at our smelters. I’ll tell you also that we’re using many nontraditional anode grade cokes and we are actually blending cokes right now.
And that is allowing us to go down on the cost of the coke as well. Then we’re also partnering with some distributors.
An arbitrage between regions we’re also utilizing in order to keep certain regions tighter than they otherwise would be. So all of those type of actions are going on.
We’re looking at backward integration over and above the calcined coke capacity I talked about, and all of that is being done in order to combat the inflationary increases of those raw materials.
Klaus Kleinfeld - Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
Tony, the way I would phrase it, we have used, as we said, and also many of you have seen some details around it, used the downturn to increase our capabilities to get better on the procurement side. And when you look at the cash plan that we had getting us through the downturn, procurement was with $2.5 billion the largest lever in there and we have actually outperformed it.
And the only reason why we could outperform it is because we structurally changed the way we are approaching these things and all the things that Chuck just mentioned are a part of that. I mean the answer to that is pretty much we cannot afford and do not leave any one of the levers out, even unconventional ones.
And the good news is that it is a team effort. I mean there’s a lot of people involved from technical experts to people that are very, very much down in the operation. That’s the only way how you can get it; obviously also procurement folks.
Operator
Sal Tharani, Goldman Sachs.
Sal Tharani - Goldman Sachs - Analyst
Have you seen any impact from the tragedy in Japan? Particularly there is a concern there might be some reduction in auto production. Have you seen any slowdown in your sales to that factor?
Klaus Kleinfeld - Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
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Well, Sal, there’s a couple of things here. There’s a primary impact and that is around our employees and the facilities that we have there.
Fortunately nobody has been hurt, the facilities have not been affected. That’s the first good news.
The secondary impact that we see here is probably a dislocation of supply that might happen in the long supply chain. That’s hard to judge. We have really not seen major things coming in there and I would say there’s a tertiary effect here, and that is positive or is a change here, and this is around the debate on nuclear energy.
I think there’s a new debate around that and I think that increases the attractiveness of the gas turbine market for instance, and then there is this discussion around the economic rebuild program which actually could kick in pretty soon. And I think it’s the most interesting thing I saw on that which I think gives a good indication of what people see out there, as the IMF had out I think a projection of Japan growth rate for this year of 1.6 and they brought it down to 1.4. The other things I just mentioned on the aerospace side also — I mean the impact is manageable on a world market basis.
Operator
Paretosh Misra, Morgan Stanley.
Paretosh Misra - Morgan Stanley - Analyst
Back to alumina pricing, I noticed there was a sharp increase in realized alumina price as a percentage of two month lag aluminum. So was there anything unusual about this quarter, like maybe a lot more contracts rolled off in Q1 as opposed to Q4 and Q3?
Klaus Kleinfeld - Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
Paretosh, nothing unusual other than basically the demand that we have seen out there and probably some of the alumina spot cargo coming online from China that’s giving a little fluctuation. But I wouldn’t say there’s anything structurally different in the market other than the change to another pricing level and the market is adjusting to it.
Operator
John Redstone, Desjardin Securities.
John Redstone - Desjardins Securities - Analyst
I wondered if you could give us some more detail on the situation in the scrap market. In other words, during the quarter did you see any change in your scrap ratios and scrap availability Q1 versus Q4? And over the course of 2011, do you expect the various scrap markets to tighten up further? Thank you.
Klaus Kleinfeld - Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
Well, we have seen already — and that’s not a new phenomenon — a pretty strong tightness in the scrap market that has not changed. The scrap market is very, very tight and continues to be tight, and that’s one of the reasons why we continue to see also some people having to go away from scrap because it’s just not available and having to go for primary aluminum which is another driver of the higher regional premiums.
I think this will even get increased through what I mentioned on the China side. I mean the target is 20% recycled material content until 2020. I mean that’s a tough target. That is a tough target. Given where the market is today already, very tough target.
Operator
Brian Yu, Citibank.
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Brian Yu - Citibank - Analyst
My question is a follow-up to David’s from earlier. Just on this alumina pricing again cost, I think you mentioned there was for the 20% of customers, they’re on alumina index or spot. Spot is self-explanatory. Could you elaborate on what the alumina index means and what portion of 20% is on this index?
Klaus Kleinfeld - Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
Brian, I mean we typically don’t disclose that and frankly it doesn’t really make that much of a difference because the pricing is pretty much driven by the material that is out there whether you price it on a spot basis or whether you price it on the alumina index. We are seeing that there are — we’re not concluding any contracts that are not either on the alumina index or spot, period. That’s basically what counts.
We have traditionally always kept a bit of our volume in the spot market and we will continue to do that and we wouldn’t mind if the percentage is a little higher than it has historically been because in the end, it comes down to a more frequent pricing and that is the most important thing here. Also in terms of fairness for the customer. Chuck, do you want to add something here?
Chuck McLane - Alcoa Inc. - EVP and CFO
Yes, just on this alumina pricing, to be a little more discrete around it, I mean we basically have got four benefits going on. We’ve got the LME going up, so we price certain of our contracts as a percent of LME. That is number one.
Number two is the percent that we are getting out of that is also going up as we have been — previously had been getting into contracts that were giving us volumes, that contractual price had been going up. And then lastly what Klaus just said, you’ve got obviously the spot price has gone up, index price has gone up, and the percent that we have dedicated to that has gone up. When you take all four of that into consideration, they are all driving our price up.
Klaus Kleinfeld - Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
But to avoid any misunderstanding, when Chuck is talking about the prices going up that are for those that are LME indexed, these are old existing contracts. Again let me reiterate that. We are not signing new contracts that are not on the alumina index or spot.
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, that does conclude the time that we have available for question and answer. I would like to turn the call back over to Mr. Klaus Kleinfeld for closing remarks. Please proceed.
Klaus Kleinfeld - Alcoa Inc. - Chairman and CEO
Okay, well, if I were to characterize this quarter, I would say it’s really been a good quarter. You see 20% profitability up, 22% revenues up, record profits in the mid and downstream, very well on track with pretty much all the targets we set for the businesses and these are three- to five-year targets.
As you know, we’ve been very outspoken on that. What you do see here, you have a team here that’s determined to make these things happen.
What we say is what you will get. And also that is very, very open and transparent in showing you how we are doing that. So with that, I’m looking forward to see you at all kinds of occasions and hope to talk to you in person. Thank you very much for following us.
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Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for your participation in today’s conference. That does conclude the presentation and you may disconnect and have a wonderful day.
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