Attached files
file | filename |
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8-K - LANXESS Solutions US Inc. | v191824_8k.htm |
EX-99.3 - LANXESS Solutions US Inc. | v191824_ex99-3.htm |
EX-99.4 - LANXESS Solutions US Inc. | v191824_ex99-4.htm |
EX-23.1 - LANXESS Solutions US Inc. | v191824_ex23-1.htm |
EX-99.1 - LANXESS Solutions US Inc. | v191824_ex99-1.htm |
Exhibit
99.2
Item
7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations
THE
FOLLOWING DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS SHOULD BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH OUR
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INCLUDED IN ITEM 8 OF THIS
REPORT.
THIS
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS CONTAINS FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. SEE “FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS” FOR A DISCUSSION OF CERTAIN OF THE UNCERTAINTIES, RISKS AND
ASSUMPTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THESE STATEMENTS.
PROCEEDINGS
UNDER CHAPTER 11 OF THE BANKRUPTCY CODE
On March
18, 2009 (the “Petition Date”), Chemtura and 26 of our subsidiaries organized in
the United States (collectively, the “Debtors”) filed voluntary petitions for
relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code (“Bankruptcy Code”)
in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the
“Bankruptcy Court”). The Chapter 11 cases are being jointly
administered by the Court. Our non-U.S. subsidiaries and certain U.S.
subsidiaries were not included in the filing and are not subject to the
requirements of the Bankruptcy Code. Our U.S. and worldwide
operations are expected to continue without interruption during the Chapter 11
reorganization process.
For
further discussion of the Chapter 11 cases, see Item 7. – Bankruptcy Proceedings
under Liquidity and Capital Resources and Note 1 – Nature of Operations and
Bankruptcy Proceedings in the Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
EXECUTIVE
OVERVIEW
Our
primary goal in 2009 was stabilizing our business operations, obtaining
sufficient liquidity to operate our business and adjusting to the changes
created by our filing for protection under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy
Code. We believe we have achieved those objectives. Upon
filing for Chapter 11, we obtained the commitment of a $400 million senior
secured super-priority debtor-in-possession credit agreement (the “DIP Credit
Facility”), which provided liquidity necessary for us to continue operations as
a debtor-in-possession (“DIP”). On February 12, 2010, we refinanced
our existing DIP Credit Facility with a $450 million credit facility (the
“Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement”) which substantially reduced our
financing costs and provided greater flexibility to operate our
business. Since filing for protection under Chapter 11, we have
reviewed approximately 13,000 executory contracts and real property leases,
identifying those that are redundant or onerous, and we have begun the process
of rejecting those executory contacts and real property leases that do not
further our business objectives. We have developed a long range
business plan that sets a course on strengthening and growing our businesses as
well as identifying assets and activities that no longer fit our core
businesses. As part of our business plan, we also initiated various
restructuring activities, including the restructuring in 2010 of certain
operations of our flame retardants business and initiated the sale of our
polyvinyl chloride (“PVC”) additives business which was completed in the first
half of 2010.
In 2009,
we improved our financial health and met or exceeded our financial objectives
by:
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·
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Generating
positive cash flow (1)
over the last four quarters and accumulating substantial cash balances by
both the Debtors and our international
subsidiaries;
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·
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Achieving
or exceeding performance levels required by the DIP Credit Facility;
and
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·
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Identifying,
and now working closely with, several financial institutions we expect
will lead our exit financing. The support of these institutions
offers us the potential to finance our plan of reorganization (the “Plan”)
and emerge as a financially sound, stand-alone global
company.
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(1)
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We
define “positive cash flow” as net cash provided from operating
activities, excluding cash inflows and outflows associated with our former
accounts receivable financing facilities, less cash flows from investing
activities related to capital expenditures. This is not an
accounting measure in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles (“GAAP”). This measure does not consider cash flows
required to meet maturities of debt or repayments under our former
accounts receivable financing facilities. For customers,
vendors and employees, it does indicate whether our total indebtedness,
net of cash and cash equivalents, is increasing or
reducing. See our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows under
Item 8 for complete
information.
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At the
same time, we initiated various actions to reshape our Company into a stronger,
leaner global enterprise focused on growth. These initiatives
included, among other things:
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·
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Increasing
strategic investments to improve efficiency, such as our enterprise
resource planning (“ERP”) initiatives that have enabled the activities
related to over 90 percent of net sales now to be managed on a single
global instance of SAP and offering simplified and standardized business
processes;
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·
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Focusing
on investments in research and development (“R&D”), which is beginning
to result in important and innovative new product offerings such as
Geobrom™, Weston® 705, and two new flame retardant products being produced
today on pilot plant scale;
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·
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Improving
order processing to enhance responsiveness and delivery to
customers;
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·
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Transferring
certain operations to third-party logistics providers, enabling us to
maintain service levels at a more competitive
cost;
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·
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Growing
our global antioxidant business with a planned additional expansion of
capacity at Gulf Stabilizer Industries (“GSI”), our joint venture facility
in Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia; and
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·
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Advancing
towards a joint venture between Al Zamil Group Holding Company and
Chemtura Organometallics GmbH, our wholly owned German subsidiary, to
build a world-scale metal alkyls manufacturing facility in Jubail
Industrial City, Saudi Arabia.
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Our key
challenges in 2010 will be to implement our business plans and to emerge from
Chapter 11. To emerge we must first file a Plan together with a
disclosure statement with the Bankruptcy Court. After a Plan has been
filed, the Plan, along with a disclosure statement approved by the Bankruptcy
Court, will be sent to all creditors and other parties in interest entitled to
vote to accept or reject the Plan. Following the solicitation period,
the Bankruptcy Court will consider whether to confirm the Plan. In
order to confirm a Plan, the Bankruptcy Court must make certain findings as
required by the Bankruptcy Code. We continue to face challenges, but
we believe our accomplishments in 2009 and our initiatives in 2010 will position
us to emerge successfully from Chapter 11 in 2010 as a financially sound and
more focused global enterprise.
OUR
BUSINESS
We are
among the larger publicly traded specialty chemical companies in the United
States dedicated to delivering innovative, application-focused specialty
chemical solutions and consumer products. Our principal executive
offices are located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Middlebury,
Connecticut. We operate in a wide variety of end-use industries,
including automotive, transportation, construction, packaging, agriculture,
lubricants, plastics for durable and non-durable goods, electronics, and pool
and spa chemicals. The majority of our chemical products are sold to industrial
manufacturing customers for use as additives, ingredients or intermediates that
add value to their end products. Our crop and consumer products are
sold to dealers, distributors and major retailers. We are a market
leader in many of our key product lines and transact business in more than 100
countries.
The
primary economic factors that influence the operations and sales of our
Industrial Engineered Products and Industrial Performance Products segments are
industrial production, residential and commercial construction, electronic
component production and polymer production. In addition, our Crop
Protection Engineered Products (now known as Chemtura AgroSolutionsTM)
segment is influenced by worldwide weather, disease and pest infestation
conditions. Our Consumer Performance Products segment is also
influenced by general economic conditions impacting consumer spending and
weather conditions. For additional factors that impact our
performance, see Item 1A. – Risk Factors.
Other
factors affecting our financial performance include industry capacity, customer
demand, raw material and energy costs, and selling prices. Selling prices are
influenced by the global demand and supply for the products we
produce. Our strategy is to pursue selling prices that reflect the
value of our products and to pass on higher costs for raw material and energy to
preserve our profit margins.
1
2009
OVERVIEW
Annual
sales for 2009 decreased $0.9 billion or 27% compared with 2008. This
decrease was attributable to a $778 million reduction in sales volume, $44
million in unfavorable currency translation, a $31 million reduction due to the
divestiture in the first quarter of 2008 of the oleochemicals business and
reduced selling prices of $1 million. The benefit of the 2008
increase in selling prices for the Consumer Performance Products segment did not
fully offset reduced selling prices in the other three segments.
Operating
profit for the Consumer Performance Products segment increased 26% compared with
2008 due to increased selling prices, lower selling, general and administrative
(“SG&A”) and research and development (“R&D”) (collectively “SGA&R”)
expenses, and lower raw material, energy and distribution costs, partially
offset by lower volume, unfavorable product mix and higher manufacturing
costs.
The
Industrial Performance Products segment operating profit decreased 13% compared
with 2008 due to lower volume caused by the global economic recession as well as
reduced selling prices, lower volume and unfavorable product mix, partially
offset by lower raw material, energy, manufacturing, SGA&R, and distribution
costs.
The Crop
Protection Engineered Products segment operating profit decreased 46% compared
with 2008 due to lower volume as crop prices fell and growers had restricted
access to credit as well as unfavorable product mix, and higher manufacturing,
raw material and energy costs, partially offset by lower SGA&R
costs.
The
Industrial Engineered Products segment operating profit decreased 93% compared
with 2008 due to lower volume caused by the global economic recession as well as
unfavorable product mix, reduced selling prices, and higher manufacturing costs,
partially offset by lower raw material, energy, SGA&R and distribution
costs.
We have
undertaken various cost reduction initiatives over the past several years and
continue to implement cost reductions. Our long term goal remains to
improve gross profit margins and reduce SGA&R expenditures as a percentage
of total net sales on a global basis. With the sharp reduction in
sales volume due to the global economic recession in 2009, SGA&R
expenditures in 2009 were up to 14% of net sales compared with 12% of net sales
in 2008 despite a $45 million reduction in SGA&R spending compared with
2008.
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Bankruptcy
Proceedings
We
entered 2009 with significantly constrained liquidity. The fourth
quarter of 2008 saw an unprecedented reduction in orders for our products as the
global recession deepened and customers saw or anticipated reductions in demand
in the industries they served. The impact was more pronounced on
those business segments that served cyclically exposed industries. As a result,
our sales and overall financial performance deteriorated resulting in our
non-compliance with the two financial maintenance covenants under our Amended
and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2007 (the “2007 Credit
Facility”) as of December 31, 2008. On December 30, 2008, we obtained
a 90-day waiver of compliance with these covenants from the lenders under the
2007 Credit Facility.
Our
liquidity was further constrained in the fourth quarter of 2008 by changes in
the availability under our accounts receivable financing facilities in the
United States and Europe. The eligibility criteria and reserve
requirements under our prior U.S. accounts receivable facility (the “U.S.
Facility”) tightened in the fourth quarter of 2008 following a credit rating
downgrade, significantly reducing the value of accounts receivable that could be
sold under the U.S. Facility compared with the third quarter of
2008. Additionally, the availability and access to our European
accounts receivable financing facility (the “European Facility”) was restricted
in late December 2008 because of our financial performance resulting in our
inability to sell additional receivables under the European
Facility.
The
crisis in the credit markets compounded the liquidity challenges we
faced. Under normal market conditions, we believed we would have been
able to refinance our $370 million notes maturing on July 15, 2009 (the “2009
Notes”) in the debt capital markets. However, with the deterioration
of the credit market in the late summer of 2008 combined with our deteriorating
financial performance, we did not believe we would be able to refinance the 2009
Notes on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. As a result, we
sought to refinance the 2009 Notes through the sale of one of our
businesses.
2
On
January 23, 2009, our special-purpose subsidiary entered into a new three-year
U.S. accounts receivable financing facility (the “2009 U.S. Facility”) that
restored most of the liquidity that we had available to us under the prior U.S.
accounts receivable facility before the fourth quarter of 2008 events described
above. However, despite good faith discussions, we were unable to
agree to terms under which we could resume the sale of accounts receivable under
our European Facility during the first quarter of 2009. The balance
of accounts receivable previously sold under the facility continued to decline,
offsetting much of the benefit to liquidity gained by the new 2009 U.S.
Facility. During the second quarter of 2009, with no agreement to
restart the European Facility, the remaining balance of the accounts receivable
previously sold under the facility were settled and the European Facility was
terminated.
January
2009 saw no improvement in customer demand from the depressed levels in December
2008 and some business segments experienced further
deterioration. Although February and March of 2009 saw incremental
improvement in net sales compared to January 2009, overall business conditions
remained difficult as sales declined by 42% in the first quarter of 2009
compared to the first quarter of 2008. As awareness grew of our
constrained liquidity and deteriorating financial performance, suppliers began
restricting trade credit and, as a result, liquidity dwindled
further. Despite moderate cash generation through inventory
reductions and restrictions on discretionary expenditures, our trade credit
continued to tighten, resulting in unprecedented restrictions on our ability to
procure raw materials.
In
January and February of 2009, we were in the midst of the asset sale process
with the objective of closing a transaction prior to the July 15, 2009 maturity
of the 2009 Notes. Potential buyers conducted due diligence and
worked towards submitting their final offers on several of our
businesses. However, with the continuing recession and speculation
about our financial condition, potential buyers became progressively more
cautious. Certain potential buyers expressed concern about our
ability to perform obligations under a sale agreement. They increased
their due diligence requirements or decided not to proceed with a
transaction. In March 2009, we concluded that although there were
potential buyers of our businesses, a sale was unlikely to be closed in
sufficient time to offset the continued deterioration in liquidity or at a value
that would provide sufficient liquidity to both operate the business and meet
our impending debt maturities.
By March
2009, dwindling liquidity and growing restrictions on available trade credit
resulted in production stoppages as raw materials could not be purchased on a
timely basis. At the same time, we concluded that it was improbable
that we could resume sales of accounts receivable under our European Facility or
complete the sale of a business in sufficient time to provide the immediate
liquidity we needed to operate. Absent such an infusion of liquidity,
we would likely experience increased production stoppages or sustained
limitations on our business operations that ultimately would have a detrimental
effect on the value of our business as a whole. Specifically, the
inability to maintain and stabilize our business operations would result in
depleted inventories, missed supply obligations and damaged customer
relationships.
Having
carefully explored and exhausted all possibilities to gain near-term access to
liquidity, we determined that the DIP Credit Facility presented the best
available alternative for us to meet our immediate and ongoing liquidity needs
and preserve the value of the business. As a result, having obtained
the commitment of the DIP Credit Facility, Chemtura and 26 of our subsidiaries
organized in the United States (collectively, the “Debtors”) filed for relief
under the Bankruptcy Code on March 18, 2009 in the Court. The Chapter
11 cases are being jointly administered by the Court. Our non-U.S.
subsidiaries and certain U.S. subsidiaries were not included in the filing and
are not subject to the requirements of the Bankruptcy Code. Our U.S.
and worldwide operations are expected to continue without interruption during
the Chapter 11 reorganization process.
The
Debtors own substantially all of our U.S. assets. The Debtors consist
of Chemtura and the following subsidiaries:
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A&M Cleaning Products LLC
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Crompton Colors Incorporated
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Kem Manufacturing Corporation
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Aqua Clear Industries, LLC
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Crompton Holding Corporation
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Laurel Industries Holdings, Inc.
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ASEPSIS, Inc.
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Crompton Monochem, Inc.
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Monochem, Inc.
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ASCK, Inc.
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GLCC Laurel, LLC
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Naugatuck Treatment Company
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BioLab, Inc.
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Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
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Recreational Water Products, Inc.
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BioLab Company Store, LLC
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Great Lakes Chemical Global, Inc.
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Uniroyal Chemical Company Limited
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Biolab Franchise Company, LLC
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GT Seed Treatment, Inc.
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Weber City Road LLC
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BioLab Textile Additives, LLC
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HomeCare Labs, Inc
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WRL of Indiana, Inc.
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CNK Chemical Realty Corporation
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ISCI, Inc.
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The
principal U.S. assets and business operations of the Debtors are owned by
Chemtura, BioLab, Inc. and Great Lakes Chemical Corporation.
3
On March
18, 2009, Raymond E. Dombrowski, Jr. was appointed Chief Restructuring
Officer. In connection with this appointment, we entered into an
agreement with Alvarez & Marsal North America, LLC (“A&M”) to compensate
A&M for Mr. Dombrowski’s services as Chief Restructuring Officer on a
monthly basis at a rate of $150 thousand per month and incentive compensation in
the amount of $3 million payable upon the earlier of (a) the consummation of a
Chapter 11 Plan or (b) the sale, transfer, or other disposition of all or a
substantial portion of the assets or equity of the Company. Mr.
Dombrowski is independently compensated pursuant to arrangements with A&M, a
financial advisory and consulting firm specializing in corporate restructuring.
Mr. Dombrowski will not receive any compensation directly from us and will not
participate in any of our employee benefit plans.
The
Chapter 11 cases were filed to gain liquidity for continuing operations while
the Debtors restructure their balance sheets to allow us to continue as a viable
going concern. While we believe we will be able to achieve these
objectives through the Chapter 11 reorganization process, there can be no
certainty that we will be successful in doing so.
Under
Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, the Debtors are operating their U.S.
businesses as a debtor-in-possession under the protection of the Bankruptcy
Court from their pre-filing creditors and claimants. Since the
filing, all orders of the Bankruptcy Court sufficient to enable the Debtors to
conduct normal business activities, including “first day” motions and the
interim and final approval of the DIP Credit Facility and amendments thereto,
have been entered by the Bankruptcy Court. While the Debtors are
subject to Chapter 11, all transactions outside the ordinary course of business
will require the prior approval of the Bankruptcy Court.
On March
20, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court approved the Debtors’ “first day”
motions. Specifically, the Bankruptcy Court granted the Debtors,
among other things, interim approval to access $190 million of its $400 million
DIP Credit Facility, approval to pay outstanding employee wages, health
benefits, and certain other employee obligations and authority to continue to
honor their current customer policies and programs, in order to ensure the
reorganization process will not adversely impact their customers. On
April 29, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court entered a final order providing full access
to the $400 million DIP Credit Facility. The Bankruptcy Court also
approved Amendment No. 1 to the DIP Credit Facility which provided for, among
other things: (i) an increase in the outstanding amount of inter-company loans
the Debtors could make to our non-debtor foreign subsidiaries from $8 million to
$40 million; (ii) a reduction in the required level of borrowing availability
under the minimum availability covenant; and (iii) the elimination of the
requirement to pay additional interest expense if a specified level of accounts
receivable financing was not available to our European
subsidiaries.
On July
13, 2009, the Company and the parties to the DIP Credit Facility entered into
Amendment No. 2 to the DIP Credit Facility subject to approvals by the Court and
our Board of Directors which approvals were obtained on July 14 and July 15,
2009, respectively. The DIP Credit Facility was amended to provide
for, among other things, an option by us to extend the maturity of the DIP
Credit Facility for two consecutive three month periods subject to the
satisfaction of certain conditions. Prior to Amendment No. 2, the DIP
Credit Facility matured on the earlier of 364 days from the first borrowing, the
effective date of a Plan or the date of termination in whole of the Commitments
(as defined in the DIP Credit Facility).
As a
consequence of the Chapter 11 cases, substantially all pre-petition litigation
and claims against the Debtors have been stayed. Accordingly, no
party may take any action to collect pre-petition claims or to pursue litigation
arising as a result of pre-petition acts or omissions except pursuant to an
order of the Bankruptcy Court.
On August
21, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court established October 30, 2009 as the deadline for
the filing of proofs of claim against the Debtors (the “Bar
Date”). Under certain limited circumstances, some creditors may be
permitted to file proofs of claims after the Bar Date. Accordingly,
it is possible that not all potential proofs of claim were filed as of the
filing of this Annual Report.
The
Debtors have received approximately 15,300 proofs of claim covering a broad
array of areas. Approximately 8,000 proofs of claim have been
asserted in “unliquidated” amounts or contain an unliquidated component that are
treated as being asserted in “unliquidated” amounts. Excluding proofs
of claim in “unliquidated” amounts, the aggregate amount of proofs of claim
filed totaled approximately $23.6 billion. See Note 21 – Legal
Proceedings and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
for a discussion of the types of proofs of claim filed against the
Debtors.
4
We are in
the process of evaluating the amounts asserted in and the factual and legal
basis of the proofs of claim filed against the Debtors. Based upon
our initial review and evaluation, which is continuing, a significant number of
proofs of claim are duplicative and/or legally or factually without
merit. As to those claims, we have filed and intend to file
objections with the Bankruptcy Court. However, there can be no
assurance that these claims will not be allowed in full.
Further,
while the Debtors believe they have insurance to cover certain asserted claims,
there can be no assurance that material uninsured obligations will not be
allowed as claims in the Chapter 11 cases. Because of the substantial
number of asserted contested claims, as to which review and analysis is ongoing,
there is no assurance as to the ultimate value of claims that will be allowed in
these Chapter 11 cases, nor is there any assurance as to the ultimate recoveries
for the Debtors’ stakeholders, including the Debtors’ bondholders and
shareholders. The differences between amounts recorded by the Debtors
and proofs of claims filed by the creditors will continue to be investigated and
resolved through the claims reconciliation process.
We have
recognized certain charges related to expected allowed claims. As we
complete the process of evaluating and resolving the proofs of claim,
appropriate adjustments to our Consolidated Financial Statements will be
made. Adjustments may also result from actions of the Bankruptcy
Court, settlement negotiations, rejection of executory contracts and real
property leases, determination as to the value of any collateral securing claims
and other events. Any such adjustments could be material to our
financial condition or results of operations in any given period. For
additional information on liabilities subject to compromise, see Note 4 –
Liabilities Subject to Compromise and Reorganization Items, Net in the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
As
provided by the Bankruptcy Code, the Debtors have the exclusive right to file
and solicit acceptance of a Plan for 120 days after the Petition Date with the
possibility of extensions thereafter. On February 23, 2010, the
Bankruptcy Court granted our application for an extension of the period during
which we have the exclusive right to file a Plan from February 11, 2010 to June
11, 2010. The Bankruptcy Court had previously granted our
applications for an extension of the exclusivity period on July 28, 2009 and
October 27, 2009. There can be no assurance that a Plan will be filed
by the Debtors or confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, or that any such Plan will
be consummated. After a Plan has been filed with the Bankruptcy
Court, the Plan, along with a disclosure statement approved by the Bankruptcy
Court, will be sent to all creditors and other parties entitled to vote to
accept or reject the Plan. In order to confirm a Plan, the Bankruptcy
Court must make certain findings as required by the Bankruptcy
Code. The Bankruptcy Court may confirm a Plan notwithstanding the
non-acceptance of the Plan by an impaired class of creditors or equity security
holders if certain requirements of the Bankruptcy Code are met.
On
January 15, 2010 we entered into Amendment No. 3 of the DIP Credit Facility that
provided for, among other things, the consent of our DIP lenders to the sale of
the PVC additives business.
On
February 9, 2010, the Bankruptcy Court gave interim approval of an Amended and
Restated Senior Secured Super-Priority Debtor-in-Possession Credit Agreement
(the “Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement”) by and among the Debtors,
Citibank N.A. and the other lenders party thereto. The Amended and
Restated DIP Credit Agreement provides for a first priority and priming secured
revolving and term loan credit commitment of up to an aggregate of $450
million. The proceeds of the loans and other financial accommodations
incurred under the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement were used to, among
other things, to refinance the obligations outstanding under the DIP Credit
Facility and provide working capital for general corporate
purposes. The Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement provided a
substantial reduction in the Company’s financing costs through interest rate
reductions and the avoidance of the extension fees that would have been payable
under the DIP Credit Facility in February and May 2010. It also
provided us with greater flexibility to operate our business. The
Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement closed on February 12, 2010 with the
drawings of the $300 million term loan. On February 18, 2010, the
Bankruptcy Court entered a final order providing full access to the Amended and
Restated DIP Credit Agreement. The Amended and Restated DIP Credit
Agreement matures on the earlier of 364 days after the closing, the effective
date of a Plan or the date of termination in whole of the Commitments (as
defined in the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement).
5
The
ultimate recovery by the Debtors’ creditors and our shareholders, if any, will
not be determined until confirmation and implementation of a Plan. No
assurance can be given as to what recoveries, if any, will be assigned in the
Chapter 11 cases to each of these constituencies. A Plan could result
in our shareholders receiving little or no value for their interests and holders
of the Debtors’ unsecured debt, including trade debt and other general unsecured
creditors, receiving less, and potentially substantially less, than payment in
full for their claims. Because of such possibilities, the value of
our common stock and unsecured debt is highly
speculative. Accordingly, we urge that appropriate caution be
exercised with respect to existing and future investments in any of these
securities. Although the shares of our common stock continue to trade
on the Pink Sheets Electronic Quotation Service (“Pink Sheets”) under the symbol
“CEMJQ,” the trading prices may have little or no relationship to the actual
recovery, if any, by the holders under any eventual Bankruptcy Court-approved
Plan. The opportunity for any recovery by holders of our common stock
under such Plan is uncertain as all creditors’ claims must be met in full, with
interest where due, before value can be attributed to the common stock and,
therefore, the shares of our common stock may be cancelled without any
compensation pursuant to such Plan.
Continuation
of our operations as a going concern is contingent upon, among other things, our
ability and/or the Debtors’ ability (i) to comply with the terms and conditions
of the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement, as amended; (ii) to obtain
confirmation of a Plan under the Bankruptcy Code; (iii) to return to
profitability; (iv) to generate sufficient cash flow from operations; and (v) to
obtain financing sources to meet our future obligations. These
matters raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going
concern. The Consolidated Financial Statements do not reflect any
adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset
amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from
the outcome of these uncertainties. Additionally, a Plan could
materially change amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements,
which do not give effect to all adjustments of the carrying value of assets and
liabilities that may be necessary as a consequence of completing reorganization
under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code.
In
addition, as part of our emergence from bankruptcy protection, we may be
required to adopt fresh start accounting in a future period. If fresh
start accounting is applicable, our assets and liabilities will be recorded at
fair value as of the fresh start reporting date. The fair value of
our assets and liabilities as of such fresh start reporting date may differ
materially from the recorded values of assets and liabilities on our
Consolidated Balance Sheets. Further, if fresh start accounting is
required, our financial results after the application of fresh start accounting
may be different from historical trends.
Restructuring
In 2009,
we initiated a comprehensive review process to strengthen our core businesses
and improve our financial health, a process that is continuing in
2010. As part of this process, we have undertaken a review of each of
our businesses, individually and as part of our portfolio. The review
includes a determination of whether to continue in, consolidate, reorganize,
exit or expand our businesses, operations and product lines. In each
case, we determined whether, on a short-term or long-term basis, the business,
operation or product line constitutes a strategic fit with our core business as
a global provider of specialty chemical products, contributes to our financial
health and will achieve our business objectives. If it does not, we
will implement initiatives which may include, among other things, limiting or
exiting the business, operation or product line, consolidating operations or
facilities or selling or otherwise disposing of the business or
asset. Our review process also involves expanding businesses
and product lines and bringing new products to market with significant growth
opportunities. Our goal is to reshape our Company into a stronger and
leaner global enterprise focused on growth.
As a
result of our review process, we have identified certain assets for potential
sale. In other cases, we have determined that restructuring or
consolidating our operations or changing the way we do business or bring our
products to market would further our business goals. As the review
process continues, additional assets may be sold or restructured, operations may
be consolidated or exited and businesses, operations and product lines may be
expanded.
In
particular, during the fourth quarter of 2009, we initiated the process of
selling our PVC additives business which resulted on February 23, 2010 in a
definitive purchase agreement to sell our PVC additives
business. The transaction closed in the second quarter of
2010. On January 25, 2010, we announced a restructuring plan
involving the consolidation and idling of certain assets within the Flame
Retardants business operations in El Dorado, Arkansas. We transferred
certain operations to third-party logistics providers, enabling us to maintain
service levels at a more competitive cost. We also entered into raw
material supply agreements that will reduce the costs of our
products.
As we
implement these initiatives, we also focused on growth
opportunities. We plan to expand capacity at Gulf Stabilizer
Industries, our joint venture facility in Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia and advance
towards a joint venture between Al Zamil Group Holding Company and Chemtura
Organometallics GmbH to build a world-scale metal alkyls manufacturing facility
in Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia. We have also brought to
market new and innovative product offerings.
6
We are
reviewing approximately 13,000 of our executory contracts and real property
leases to determine whether they constitute a strategic fit within our core
business and, if not, to evaluate whether they should be assumed, rejected or
restructured as permitted under the Bankruptcy Code. While this
process is not complete, we have taken actions accordingly, including rejecting
various executory contracts and real property leases that do not further our
business objectives.
Beginning
in 2008 and continuing in 2009, we initiated cost reduction, working capital and
other initiatives that generated positive cash flow over the last four quarters
and allowed us to accumulate substantial cash balances. We have
achieved or exceeded all performance levels required in the DIP Credit
Facility.
We
believe that these continuing restructuring activities and growth initiatives
have improved our financial strength which we believe will allow us to emerge
successfully from Chapter 11 in 2010.
Reorganization
Items
We have
and will continue to incur substantial expenses resulting from our Chapter 11
cases. Reorganization items, net presented in our Consolidated
Statement of Operations represent the direct and incremental costs related to
our Chapter 11 cases such as professional fees, gains related to the settlement
of claims in the Chapter 11 cases and rejections or terminations of executory
contracts and real property leases. During 2009, we recorded $97
million of reorganization items, net. We expect that our
restructuring activities in 2010 will likely result in additional charges for
reorganization items, net that could be material to our results of operations,
financial condition or cash flows in any given period. For additional
information on reorganization items, net, see Note 4 – Liabilities Subject to
Compromise and Reorganization Items, Net in the Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Cash
Flows from Operating Activities
Net cash
provided by operating activities was $49 million in 2009 compared with $11
million of net cash used in operating activities in 2008. Changes in key
accounts are summarized below:
Favorable
(unfavorable)
|
||||||||||||
(In millions)
|
2009
|
2008
|
Change
|
|||||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
$ | 36 | $ | 89 | $ | (53 | ) | |||||
Impact
of accounts receivable facilities
|
(103 | ) | (136 | ) | 33 | |||||||
Inventories
|
85 | (12 | ) | 97 | ||||||||
Accounts
payable
|
16 | (25 | ) | 41 | ||||||||
Pension
and post-retirement health care liabilities
|
(26 | ) | (46 | ) | 20 | |||||||
Liabilities
subject to compromise
|
(31 | ) | - | (31 | ) |
During
2009, accounts receivable decreased by $36 million as compared with an $89
million decrease in 2008. The 2009 and 2008 decreases in accounts receivable
were driven by reduced sales and the benefit of our collection
efforts. In 2009, the decrease in the proceeds from the sale of
accounts receivable was $103 million, compared with a decrease of $136 million
in 2008. The decrease in 2009 was due to the termination of the 2009
U.S. Facility which was a condition of the establishment of the DIP Credit
Facility and the restricted availability and access to the European Facility
leading to its termination in the second quarter of 2009. The
decrease in 2008 related to reduced accounts receivable and changes in the terms
of the accounts receivable facilities in both the U.S. and
Europe. Inventory decreased by $85 million in 2009 as compared with
an increase of $12 million in 2008. The decrease in 2009 was
primarily due to lower product costs, inventory reduction initiatives and lower
demand. The increase in 2008 was primarily due to the impact of
increases in the costs of raw material and packaging. Accounts
payable increased by $16 million in 2009 and decreased by $25 million in 2008
primarily due to the timing of vendor payments. Liabilities subject
to compromise were affected by payments of $31 million against pre-petition
liabilities that were approved by the Bankruptcy Court.
During
2009, our pension and post-retirement healthcare liabilities decreased by $26
million, primarily due to contributions. Contributions amounted to $28 million
in 2009, which include $15 million for domestic plans and $13 million for
international plans. During 2008, our pension and post-retirement healthcare
liabilities decreased by $46 million primarily due to contributions.
Contributions amounted to $42 million in 2008, which included $22 million for
domestic plans and $20 million for international plans.
7
Net cash
provided by operating activities in 2009 also reflected the impact of various
charges and changes in pre-existing reserves. A summary of these
items and the net impact on cash flows provided by (used in) operating
activities is as follows:
Net Change per
|
||||||||||||
Consolidated
|
2009
|
2009
|
||||||||||
Statement of
|
Expense
|
Cash
|
||||||||||
(In millions)
|
Cash Flows
|
(Benefit)
|
Payments
|
|||||||||
Interest
payable
|
$ | 25 | $ | 70 | $ | (45 | ) | |||||
Income
taxes payable
|
(23 | ) | 10 | (33 | ) | |||||||
Facility
closure, severance and related costs
|
(22 | ) | 3 | (25 | ) | |||||||
Antitrust
settlement costs
|
- | 6 | (6 | ) | ||||||||
Environmental
liabilities
|
11 | 20 | (9 | ) | ||||||||
Management
incentive plans
|
5 | 9 | (4 | ) |
Net cash
provided by operating activities in 2009 also reflected the impact of certain
non-cash charges, including $173 million of depreciation and amortization
expense, $104 million in impairment charges, $73 million for changes in
estimates related to expected allowable claims, $35 million of reorganization
items, net and $11 million related to other non-cash charges.
Cash
Flows from Investing and Financing Activities
Net cash
used in investing activities was $58 million for 2009, which reflected net
proceeds from prior year divestments of the
oleochemicals and fluorine chemicals businesses of $3 million offset by $5
million of net cash paid as deferred consideration for a prior year
acquisition. Additionally, capital expenditures for 2009 amounted to
$56 million as compared with $121 million for 2008 due to our continuing effort
to control discretionary cash expenditures and restrictions under our DIP Credit
Facility. Expenditures were primarily related to U.S. and foreign
facilities, the SAP project and environmental and other compliance
requirements.
Net cash
provided by financing activities was $173 million for 2009, which included
proceeds from the DIP Credit Facility of $250 million, partially offset by
payments of debt issuance costs on the DIP Credit Facility of $30 million, net
repayments on the 2007 Credit Facility of $28 million, and net payments on other
borrowings of $19 million.
Dividend
payments totaled $36 million in 2008. On October 30, 2008, we
announced that we would suspend the payment of dividends to conserve cash and
expand liquidity in a period of economic uncertainty. There were no dividend
payments in 2009.
Contractual
Obligations and Other Cash Requirements
We have
obligations to make future cash payments under contracts and commitments,
including long-term debt agreements, lease obligations, environmental
liabilities, antitrust settlements, post-retirement health care liabilities,
facility closures, severance and related costs, and other long-term
liabilities.
The
following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations and other
cash requirements as of December 31, 2009. Payments associated with
liabilities subject to compromise, except for those liabilities approved by the
Bankruptcy Court, have been excluded from the table below, as we cannot
accurately forecast the future amounts and timing of the payments given the
inherent uncertainties associated with our Chapter 11 cases.
8
Payments Due by Period
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2015 and
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations*
|
Total
|
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
2013
|
2014
|
Thereafter
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Total
debt (including capital leases)
|
(a)
|
$ | 254 | $ | 252 | $ | - | $ | 1 | $ | - | $ | 1 | $ | - | ||||||||||||||
Operating
leases
|
(b)
|
77 | 16 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual
antitrust settlements
|
(c)
|
6 | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Facility
closures, severance and related cost liabilities
|
(d)
|
4 | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Capital
expenditures
|
(e)
|
12 | 12 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest
payments
|
(f)
|
29 | 29 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal
- Contractual Obligations
|
382 | 319 | 10 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 32 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Environmental
liabilities
|
(g)
|
84 | 14 | 18 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 27 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Post-retirement
health care liabilities
|
(h)
|
17 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other
long-term liabilities (excluding pension liabilities)
|
33 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total
cash requirements
|
$ | 516 | $ | 336 | $ | 36 | $ | 24 | $ | 18 | $ | 14 | $ | 88 |
*
|
Additional
information is provided in the Debt, Leases, Legal Proceedings and
Contingencies, Pension and Other Post-Retirement Plans, Restructuring and
Asset Impairment Activities, and Income Taxes Notes to our Consolidated
Financial Statements.
|
(a)
|
Our
debt agreements include various bank loans and future minimum payments
under capital leases for which payments will be payable through
2014. As the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement was
entered into in February 2010, it is not reflected as an obligation as of
December 31, 2009. The future minimum lease payments under
capital leases at December 31, 2009 were not
significant. Obligations by period reflect stated contractual
due dates. Debt obligations in this table exclude $1.2 billion
of liabilities subject to
compromise.
|
(b)
|
Represents
operating lease obligations primarily related to buildings, land and
equipment. Such obligations are net of future sublease income
and will be expensed over the life of the related lease
contracts. Includes leases renegotiated through the Chapter 11
cases that received Bankruptcy Court
approval.
|
(c)
|
Represents
final installment payments of fines provided in the settlement of U.S. and
Canadian antitrust cases, which received Bankruptcy Court
approval. Under the agreement reached with the U.S. and
Canadian authorities, the amount of these payments can increase if general
unsecured creditors receive 62% or more of their claims under the terms of
the Plan confirmed by the Bankruptcy
Court.
|
(d)
|
Represents
estimated payments from accruals related to our cost reduction
programs.
|
(e)
|
Represents
capital commitments for various open
projects.
|
(f)
|
Represents
interest payments related to various debt agreements. Interest
obligations in the table exclude interest payable on $1.2 billion of debt
obligations classified as liabilities subject to
compromise.
|
(g)
|
We
have environmental liabilities for future remediation and operating and
maintenance costs directly related to remediation. We estimate
that the environmental liability could range up to $164
million. We have recorded a liability for environmental
remediation of $122 million at December 31, 2009 of which $42 million is
classified as liabilities subject to compromise. Environmental
liability obligations in the table exclude the $42 million classified as
liabilities subject to compromise.
|
(h)
|
We
have post-retirement health care plans that provide health and life
insurance benefits to certain retired and active employees and their
beneficiaries. These plans are generally not pre-funded and
expenses are paid by us as incurred, with the exception of certain
inactive government related plans that are paid from plan
assets. Post-retirement health care liability obligations in
the table exclude $133 million of liabilities subject to
compromise.
|
During
2009, we made payments of $31 million and $2 million for operating leases and
unconditional purchase obligations, respectively.
9
We fund
our defined benefit pension plans based on the minimum amounts required by law
plus additional voluntary contribution amounts we deem
appropriate. Estimated future funding requirements are highly
dependent on factors that are not readily determinable. These include
changes in legislation, returns earned on pension investment and other factors
related to assumptions regarding future liabilities. We made
contributions of $28 million in 2009 to our domestic and international pension
and post-retirement benefit plans (including payments made by us directly to
plan participants). See “Critical Accounting Estimates” below for
details regarding current pension assumptions. To the extent that
current assumptions are not realized, actual funding requirements may be
significantly different from those described below. Applying the
provisions of the Pension Protection Act of 2006, we are not required to
contribute to the domestic qualified pension plans in 2010. The
following table summarizes the estimated future funding requirements for defined
benefit pension plans under current assumptions:
Funding Requirements by Period
|
||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions)
|
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
2013
|
2014
|
|||||||||||||||
Qualified
domestic pension plans
|
$ | - | $ | 30 | $ | 56 | $ | 45 | $ | 42 | ||||||||||
International
and non-qualified pension plans
|
17 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 20 | |||||||||||||||
Total
pension plans
|
$ | 17 | $ | 47 | $ | 74 | $ | 63 | $ | 62 |
Other
Sources and Uses of Cash
We expect
to finance our continuing operations and capital spending requirements for 2010
with cash flows provided by operating activities, available cash and cash
equivalents, and borrowings under the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement
and other sources. Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2009
were $236 million.
Bank
Covenants and Guarantees
On March
18, 2009, the Debtors entered into a $400 million DIP Credit Facility arranged
by Citigroup Global Markets Inc. with Citibank, N.A. as Administrative
Agent. On March 20, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court entered an interim
order providing approval for the Debtors to access $190 million of the DIP
Credit Facility in the form of a $165 million term loan and a $25 million
revolving credit facility. The DIP Credit Facility closed on March
23, 2009 with the drawing of the $165 million term loan. The initial
proceeds were used to fund the termination of the 2009 U.S. Facility, pay fees
and expenses associated with the transaction and fund business
operations.
On April
28, 2009, the Company, certain of our subsidiaries that are guarantors under the
DIP Credit Facility, the banks, financial institutions and other institutional
lenders party to the DIP Credit Facility (the “Lenders”), and Citibank, N.A., as
Administrative Agent for the Lenders, entered into Amendment No. 1 to the DIP
Credit Facility. Amendment No. 1 amended the DIP Credit Facility to
provide for, among other things, (i) an increase in the outstanding amount of
inter-company loans the Debtors could make to our non-debtor foreign
subsidiaries from $8 million to $40 million; (ii) a reduction in the required
level of borrowing availability under the minimum availability covenant; and
(iii) the elimination of the requirement to pay additional interest expense if a
specified level of accounts receivable financing was not available to our
European subsidiaries. On April 29, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court
granted final approval of the DIP Credit Facility, as amended pursuant to
Amendment No. 1 thereto.
The DIP
Credit Facility was comprised of the following: (i) a $250 million
non-amortizing term loan; (ii) a $64 million revolving credit facility; and
(iii) an $86 million revolving credit facility representing the “roll-up” of
certain outstanding secured amounts owed to lenders under the existing 2007
Credit Facility who have commitments under the DIP Credit
Facility. In addition, a sub-facility for letters of credit (“Letters
of Credit”) in an aggregate amount of $50 million were available under the
unused commitments of the revolving credit facilities.
The
Bankruptcy Court entered a final order providing full access to the $400 million
DIP Credit Facility on April 29, 2009. On May 4, 2009, we drew the
$85 million balance of the $250 million term loan and used the proceeds together
with cash on hand to fund the $86 million “roll up” of certain outstanding
secured amounts owed to certain lenders under the 2007 Credit Facility as
approved by the final order.
10
On July
13, 2009, the Company and the parties to the DIP Credit Facility entered into
Amendment No. 2 to the DIP Credit Facility subject to approvals by the
Bankruptcy Court and our Board of Directors which approvals were obtained on
July 14 and July 15, 2009, respectively. Amendment No. 2 amended the
DIP Credit Facility to provide for, among other things, our option to extend the
maturity of the DIP Credit Facility for two consecutive three month periods
subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. Prior to Amendment
No. 2, the DIP Credit Facility matured on the earlier of 364 days (from the
Petition Date), the effective date of a Plan or the date of termination in whole
of the Commitments (as defined in the DIP Credit Facility).
On
January 15, 2010, we entered into Amendment No. 3 of the DIP Credit Facility
that provided for, among other things, the consent of our DIP lenders to the
sale of the PVC additives business.
On
February 9, 2010, the Bankruptcy Court gave interim approval of the Amended and
Restated DIP Credit Agreement. The Amended and Restated DIP Credit
Agreement provides for a first priority and priming secured revolving and term
loan credit commitment of up to an aggregate of $450 million. The
Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement consists of a $300 million term loan
and a $150 million revolving credit facility. The proceeds of the
term loan and other financial accommodations incurred under the Amended and
Restated DIP Credit Agreement were used to, among other things, refinance the
obligations outstanding under the DIP Credit Facility and provide working
capital for general corporate purposes. The Amended and Restated DIP
Credit Agreement provided a substantial reduction in our financing costs through
interest rate reductions and avoidance of the extension fees that would have
been payable under the DIP Credit Facility in February and May
2010. The Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement closed on
February 12, 2010 with the drawings of the $300 million term loan and matures on
the earlier of 364 days after the closing, the effective date of a Plan or the
date of termination in whole of the Commitments (as defined in the Amended and
Restated DIP Credit Agreement).
The
Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement, as was the DIP Credit Facility, is
secured by a super-priority lien on substantially all of our U.S. assets,
including (i) cash, (ii) accounts receivable; (iii) inventory; (iv) machinery,
plant and equipment; (v) intellectual property; (vi) pledges of the equity of
first tier subsidiaries; and (vii) pledges of debt and other
instruments.
Availability
of credit under the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement, as was
availability under the DIP Credit Facility, is equal to (i) the lesser of (a)
the Borrowing Base (as defined below) and (b) the effective commitments under
the DIP Credit Facility minus (ii) the aggregate amount of the DIP Loans and any
undrawn or unreimbursed Letters of Credit. Borrowing Base is the sum
of (i) 80% of the Debtors’ eligible accounts receivable, plus (ii) the lesser of
(a) 85% of the net orderly liquidation value percentage (as defined in the DIP
Credit Facility) of the Debtors’ eligible inventory and (b) 75% of the cost of
the Debtors’ eligible inventory, plus (iii) $275 million ($125 million under the
DIP Credit Facility), less certain reserves determined in the discretion of the
Administrative Agent to preserve and protect the value of the
collateral. As of December 31, 2009, extensions of credit outstanding
under the DIP Credit Facility consisted of the $250 million term loan and
Letters of Credit of $19 million.
Borrowings
under the DIP Credit Facility term loans and the $64 million revolving facility
bore interest at a rate per annum equal to, at our election, (i) 6.5% plus the
Base Rate (defined as the higher of (a) 4%; (b) Citibank N.A.’s published rate;
or (c) the Federal Funds rate plus 0.5%) or (ii) 7.5% plus the Eurodollar Rate
(defined as the higher of (a) 3% or (b) the current LIBOR rate adjusted for
reserve requirements). Borrowings under the $86 million revolving
facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at our election, (i) 2.5%
plus the Base Rate or (ii) 3.5% plus the Eurodollar
Rate. Additionally, we paid an unused commitment fee of 1.5% per
annum on the average daily unused portion of the revolving facilities and a
letter of credit fee on the average daily balance of the maximum daily amount
available to be drawn under Letters of Credit equal to the applicable margin
above the Eurodollar Rate applicable for borrowings under the applicable
revolving 2007 Credit Facility. Certain fees were payable to the
lenders upon the reduction or termination of the commitment and upon the
substantial consummation of a Plan as described more fully in the DIP Credit
Facility including an exit fee payable to the Lenders of 2% of “roll-up”
commitments and 3% of all other commitments. These fees were paid
upon the funding of the term loan under the Amended and Restated DIP Credit
Agreement.
11
Borrowings
under the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement term loan bear interest at a
rate per annum equal to, at our election, (i) 3.0% plus the Base Rate (defined
as the higher of (a) 3%; (b) Citibank N.A.’s published rate; or (c) the Federal
Funds rate plus 0.5%) or (ii) 4.0% plus the Eurodollar Rate (defined as the
higher of (a) 2% or (b) the current LIBOR rate adjusted for reserve
requirements). Borrowings under the $150 million revolving facility
bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at our election, (i) 3.25% plus the
Base Rate or (ii) 4.25% plus the Eurodollar Rate. Additionally, we
pay an unused commitment fee of 1.0% per annum on the average daily unused
portion of the revolving facilities and a letter of credit fee on the average
daily balance of the maximum daily amount available to be drawn under Letters of
Credit equal to the applicable margin above the Eurodollar Rate applicable for
borrowings under the applicable revolving 2007 Credit Facility.
Our
obligations as borrower under the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement, as
they were under the DIP Credit Facility, are guaranteed by our U.S. subsidiaries
who are Debtors in the Chapter 11 cases, which own substantially all of our U.S.
assets. The obligations must also be guaranteed by each of our
subsidiaries that become party to the Chapter 11 cases, subject to specified
exceptions.
All
amounts owing by us and the guarantors under the Amended and Restated DIP Credit
Agreement and certain hedging arrangements and cash management services, as they
were under the DIP Credit Facility, are secured, subject to a carve-out as set
forth in the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement (the “Carve-Out”), for
professional fees and expenses (as well as other fees and expenses customarily
subject to such Carve-Out), by (i) a first priority perfected pledge of (a) all
notes owned by us and the guarantors and (b) all capital stock owned by us and
the guarantors (subject to certain exceptions relating to their respective
foreign subsidiaries) and (ii) a first priority perfected security interest in
all other assets owned by us and the guarantors, in each case, junior only to
liens as set forth in the Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement and the
Carve-Out.
The
Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement, as did the DIP Credit Facility,
requires that we meet certain financial covenants including the following: (a)
minimum cumulative monthly earnings before interest, taxes, and depreciation
(“EBITDA”), after certain adjustments, on a consolidated basis; (b) a maximum
variance of the weekly cumulative cash flows of the Debtors, compared to an
agreed upon forecast; (c) minimum borrowing availability of $20 million; and (d)
maximum quarterly capital expenditures. In addition, the Amended and
Restated DIP Credit Agreement contains covenants which, among other things,
limit the incurrence of additional debt, operating leases, issuance of capital
stock, issuance of guarantees, liens, investments, disposition of assets,
dividends, certain payments, mergers, change of business, transactions with
affiliates, prepayments of debt, repurchases of stock and redemptions of certain
other indebtedness and other matters customarily restricted in such
agreements. As of December 31, 2009, we were in compliance with the
covenant requirements of the DIP Credit Facility.
The
Amended and Restated DIP Credit Agreement contains events of default triggered
upon, among others things, payment defaults, breaches of representations and
warranties, and covenant defaults.
We have
standby letters of credit and guarantees with various financial institutions the
majority of which were issued under the 2007 Credit Facility. Any
additional drawings of letter of credits issued under the 2007 Credit Facility
will be classified as liabilities subject to compromise in the Consolidated
Balance Sheet. At December 31, 2009, we had $52 million of
outstanding letters of credit and guarantees primarily related to liabilities
for environmental remediation, vendor deposits, insurance obligations and
European value added tax obligations. The outstanding letters of
credit include $33 million issued under the 2007 Credit Facility that are
pre-petition liabilities and $19 million issued under the DIP Credit Facility
letter of credit sub-facility. We also had $17 million of third party
guarantees at December 31, 2009 for which we have reserved $2 million at
December 31, 2009, which represents the probability weighted fair value of these
guarantees.
12
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
|
||||||||||||
(In millions, except per share
data)
|
||||||||||||
2009
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Net
Sales
|
||||||||||||
Consumer
Performance Products
|
$ | 457 | $ | 516 | $ | 567 | ||||||
Industrial
Performance Products
|
999 | 1,465 | 1,513 | |||||||||
Crop
Protection Engineered Products
|
332 | 394 | 352 | |||||||||
Industrial
Engineered Products
|
512 | 779 | 938 | |||||||||
Net
Sales
|
$ | 2,300 | $ | 3,154 | $ | 3,370 | ||||||
Operating
Profit (Loss)
|
||||||||||||
Consumer
Performance Products
|
$ | 63 | $ | 50 | $ | 62 | ||||||
Industrial
Performance Products
|
91 | 105 | 140 | |||||||||
Crop
Protection Engineered Products
|
42 | 78 | 58 | |||||||||
Industrial
Engineered Products
|
3 | 43 | 39 | |||||||||
Segment
Operating Profit
|
199 | 276 | 299 | |||||||||
General
corporate expense including amortization
|
(106 | ) | (113 | ) | (110 | ) | ||||||
Change
in useful life of property, plant and equipment
|
- | (32 | ) | (40 | ) | |||||||
Facility
closures, severance and related costs
|
(3 | ) | (23 | ) | (34 | ) | ||||||
Antitrust
costs
|
(10 | ) | (12 | ) | (35 | ) | ||||||
Loss
on sale of businesses
|
- | (25 | ) | (15 | ) | |||||||
Impairment
of long-lived assets
|
(39 | ) | (986 | ) | (19 | ) | ||||||
Changes
in estimates related to expected allowable claims
|
(73 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Total
Operating (Loss) Profit
|
(32 | ) | (915 | ) | 46 | |||||||
Interest
expense
|
(70 | ) | (78 | ) | (87 | ) | ||||||
Other
(expense) income, net
|
(17 | ) | 9 | (5 | ) | |||||||
Reorganization
items, net
|
(97 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Loss
from continuing operations before income taxes
|
(216 | ) | (984 | ) | (46 | ) | ||||||
Income
tax (provision) benefit
|
(10 | ) | 29 | - | ||||||||
Loss
from continuing operations
|
(226 | ) | (955 | ) | (46 | ) | ||||||
(Loss)
earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax
|
(63 | ) | (16 | ) | 27 | |||||||
(Loss)
gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of tax
|
(3 | ) | - | 24 | ||||||||
Net
(loss) earnings
|
(292 | ) | (971 | ) | 5 | |||||||
Less:
net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests
|
(1 | ) | (2 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||
Net
loss attributable to Chemtura Corporation
|
$ | (293 | ) | $ | (973 | ) | $ | (3 | ) | |||
EARNINGS
(LOSS) PER SHARE - BASIC AND DILUTED - ATTRIBUTABLE TO CHEMTURA
CORPORATION:
|
||||||||||||
Loss
from continuing operations
|
$ | (0.93 | ) | $ | (3.94 | ) | $ | (0.22 | ) | |||
(Loss)
earnings from discontinued operations
|
(0.26 | ) | (0.07 | ) | 0.11 | |||||||
(Loss)
gain on sale of discontinued operations
|
(0.01 | ) | - | 0.10 | ||||||||
Net
loss attributable to Chemtura Corporation
|
$ | (1.20 | ) | $ | (4.01 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) |
13
2009
COMPARED TO 2008
Overview
Consolidated
net sales of $2.3 billion for 2009 were $0.9 billion lower than the prior
year. The decrease in net sales was attributable to reduced sales
volumes of $778 million primarily due to the global economic slow down and its
impact on the industries we supply, unfavorable currency translation of $44
million, the impact of the divestiture of the oleochemicals business in the
Industrial Engineered Products segment of $31 million and reduced selling prices
of $1 million. The reduction in volume impacted all segments,
particularly the Industrial Performance Products and the Industrial Engineered
Products segments. All segments experienced a reduction in selling
prices, except for the Consumer Performance Products segment. Selling
price increases that occurred in 2008 within the Consumer Performance Products
segment were in response to increases in the costs of raw
materials.
Gross
profit decreased by $138 million to $579 million for 2009 as compared with
2008. The decrease in gross profit was primarily driven by a $221
million reduction in sales volume and unfavorable product mix, $35 million from
unfavorable manufacturing costs (largely due to lower plant utilization), $10
million in unfavorable foreign currency translation and a $5 million benefit in
2008 from insurance proceeds. These impacts were partially offset by
a $103 million decrease in raw material and energy costs, $16 million in lower
distribution costs, a $7 million charge in 2008 for an assumed lease, a $2
million reduction in accelerated asset retirement and other decreases in costs
of $5 million. Gross profit as a percentage of sales increased to 25%
in 2009 from 23% in 2008 mainly due to lower direct product costs.
Selling,
general and administrative (“SG&A”) expense of $289 million for 2009 was $34
million lower than in 2008. The decrease in SG&A reflected the
favorable benefit of our restructuring programs and tight control of
discretionary spending. Favorable foreign currency translation
contributed $7 million to the reduction, which was offset by the benefit of a $4
million pension plan curtailment gain in 2008.
Depreciation
and amortization expense of $162 million for 2009 was $59 million lower than in
2008. This decrease is primarily due to accelerated depreciation
taken in 2008 related to the divested oleochemicals business and our legacy
enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) systems.
Research
and development (“R&D”) expense of $35 million for 2009 was $11 million
lower than in 2008 as a result of cost reduction initiatives.
Facility
closure, severance and related costs of $3 million in 2009 and $23 million in
2008 were primarily due to our restructuring program announced in December 2008
which involved a worldwide reduction in our professional and administrative
staff of approximately 500 people.
We
incurred antitrust costs of $10 million in 2009, which primarily represented a
judgment in litigation related to certain rubber chemical claimants and legal
costs associated with antitrust investigations and civil
lawsuits. Antitrust costs of $12 million in 2008 were primarily
related to settlement offers made to certain rubber chemical claimants and legal
costs associated with antitrust investigations and civil lawsuits.
Loss on
sale of business of $25 million in 2008 was primarily related to the sale of the
oleochemicals business.
14
We
recorded a charge of $39 million in 2009 for the impairment of long-lived
assets. The 2009 charge included the impairment of goodwill of $37
million and the impairment of intangible assets of $2 million within the
Consumer Performance Products segment. The impairment charges were
principally the result of underperformance of the reporting units in these
segments contributed by weaker industry demand due to the global economic
recession. These factors resulted in reduced expectations for future
cash flows and lower estimated fair values for the respective
assets.
We
recorded a charge of $986 million in 2008 for the impairment of long-lived
assets. The 2008 charge included the impairment of goodwill of $540
million for the Consumer Performance Products segment, $82 million for the
Industrial Performance Products segment and $363 million for the Industrial
Engineered Products segment. The impairment charges were primarily
the result of updated long-term financial projections and the deteriorating
financial performance in the fourth quarter of 2008, coupled with adverse equity
market conditions.
We
incurred charges of $73 million for changes in estimates related to expected
allowable claims. These charges represent adjustments to liabilities
subject to compromise (primarily legal and environmental reserves) as a result
of the proofs of claim evaluation process.
We
incurred an operating loss of $32 million for 2009 compared with an operating
loss of $915 million for 2008. The decrease in the operating loss of
$883 million reflected the $947 million decrease in impairment of long-lived
assets, primarily due to the goodwill impairment in 2008; a $59 million decrease
in depreciation and amortization expense, primarily due to accelerated
depreciation taken in 2008; a $45 million decrease in SG&A and R&D
(“SGA&R”) expenses due to the benefits of our restructuring and other cost
reduction initiatives; a $25 million loss on the sale of the oleochemicals
business in 2008; a $20 million decrease in facility closures, severance and
related costs; and a $2 million decrease in antitrust costs. These
favorable impacts were partially offset by a $138 million decrease in gross
profit discussed above, a $73 million charge in 2009 for changes in estimates
related to expected allowable claims and $4 million in lower equity
income.
Loss from
continuing operations attributable to Chemtura for 2009 was $227 million, or
$0.93 per diluted share, as compared with a loss of $957 million, or $3.94 per
diluted share in 2008.
Consumer
Performance Products
Net sales
for the Consumer Performance Products segment decreased by $59 million to $457
million in 2009 compared with $516 million in 2008. Operating profit
increased $13 million in 2009 to $63 million compared with $50 million in
2008.
The $59
million decrease in net sales was driven by reduced sales volume of $89 million
and the impact of unfavorable foreign currency translation of $8 million,
partially offset by $38 million in price increases in response to significant
raw material cost increases experienced in 2008. The lower net sales
volume in 2009 was the result of unseasonably cold and wet weather conditions in
the North American market which negatively impacted the pool and spa business,
the exit from our pool and spa distribution business in mid-2008 and supply
disruptions due to constrained liquidity early in the 2009 season which
negatively impacted sales in our home cleaning business.
Operating
profit increased by $13 million due to higher selling prices of $38 million, and
the benefit of cost reductions, including $9 million in lower raw material and
energy costs, a $7 million reduction in distribution costs and a $20 million
decrease in SGA&R and other costs. As part of our reorganization
initiatives, in the U.S., this segment transitioned to third party providers to
reduce its distribution costs and improve customer service. In
September 2009, the U.S. operations also transitioned to a single instance of
SAP and retired the legacy ERP system. These cost reduction benefits
were partially offset by a $46 million reduction in sales volume and unfavorable
product mix combined with an $11 million increase in manufacturing costs, a $3
million increase in accelerated depreciation expense and a $1 million impact
from unfavorable foreign currency translation.
Industrial
Performance Products
Net sales
in the Industrial Performance Products segment decreased by $466 million to $999
million in 2009 compared with $1,465 million in 2008. Operating
profit decreased $14 million in 2009 to $91 million compared with $105 million
in 2008.
15
The $466
million decrease in net sales resulted from reduced sales volume of $414
million, $36 million in lower selling prices and $16 million in unfavorable
foreign currency translation. All product lines experienced reduced
sales volumes year-over-year due to the global economic recession, although
demand improved during the second half of 2009. The lower sales
prices in 2009 reflect corresponding reductions in raw material
costs.
This
segment’s product lines that are mostly exposed to cyclical industrial and
consumer durable markets felt the brunt of the global economic
recession. Antioxidant products used in poly-olefins such as
poly-propylene saw dramatic declines in volume starting in the latter part of
the fourth quarter of 2008 and through much of the first half of
2009. Castable urethane products used by small to mid-size
manufacturers of industrial components and in the electronics and mining
industries also saw significant declines in demand. However, the sale
of petroleum additives used in transportation lubricants and fuels proved more
robust, recovering to near normal levels after some industry destocking at the
start of the global economic recession. Industrial demand started to
show modest recovery by summer and continued to expand in the second half of
2009, but is still significantly lower than it was before the global economic
recession.
Operating
profit decreased by $14 million due to a $106 million reduction in sales volume
and unfavorable product mix, a $36 million decrease in selling prices, a $1
million increase in accelerated depreciation of property, plant and equipment
and a $1 million decrease in equity income. These unfavorable drivers
were partially offset by an $84 million decrease in raw material and energy
costs, a $16 million decrease in SGA&R, an $11 million decrease in
manufacturing costs, an $8 million decrease in distribution costs, a $2 million
decrease in accelerated recognition of asset retirement obligations, a $2
million benefit from favorable foreign currency translation and a $7 million
decrease in other costs. This segment acted quickly at the outset of
the global economic recession, to manage its production capacity and make fixed
costs variable, mitigating some of the impact of the declines in
demand. However, it preserved spending on critical new product
development programs to enable it to continue to build a platform for future
growth.
Crop
Protection Engineered Products (now known as Chemtura AgroSolutionsTM)
Net sales
for the Crop Protection Engineered Products segment decreased by $62 million to
$332 million in 2009 compared with $394 million in 2008. Operating
profit decreased $36 million to $42 million in 2009 compared with $78 million in
2008.
The
decrease in net sales of $62 million reflected $47 million in lower sales volume
and $15 million in unfavorable foreign currency translation. 2009
proved to be a difficult and challenging year for the global agricultural
industry. Crop prices declined reducing grower profitability and
constraints in the global credit markets limited the capacity of growers to
finance their crops. In addition, there was a product cancellation in
the European market. As a result, global demand from growers declined
and dealers and distributors reduced inventory, particularly in emerging
markets. This segment saw the greatest weakness in eastern European
markets, although demand was soft in all markets. The Latin American
market experienced a slow start to the growing season, but demand from Brazil
strengthened in the middle of the southern hemisphere’s summer.
Operating
profit decreased by $36 million primarily due to $24 million of lower volume and
unfavorable product mix, $11 million in higher manufacturing costs, $3 million
due to higher raw material costs, $3 million in unfavorable foreign currency
translation and $1 million of increased distribution costs, which were partly
offset by $6 million of SGA&R and other cost reductions. Demand
has been affected by lower agricultural commodity prices and the impact of the
reduced availability of credit to growers. Manufacturing costs
increased primarily due to lower production levels, driven in part by the
product cancellation in the European market.
Industrial
Engineered Products
Net sales
in the Industrial Engineered Products segment decreased by $267 million to $512
million in 2009 compared with $779 million in 2008. The operating
profit of $3 million in 2009 reflected a deterioration of $40 million compared
with a $43 million operating profit in 2008.
The
decrease in net sales of $267 million reflected a decline in sales volume of
$230 million, a $31 million reduction due to the divestiture of the
oleochemicals business in February 2008, a $2 million reduction in selling
prices which reflect corresponding reductions in raw material costs and $4
million in unfavorable foreign currency translation.
16
As our
most cyclically exposed segment, Industrial Engineered Products experienced the
greatest impact from the global economic recession. The primary
industries served by this segment are electronics, building and construction,
automotive and consumer durables. All industries experienced very
sharp declines in demand in the latter part of the fourth quarter of 2008 which
continued through the spring of 2009. By summer, electronics demand
started to recover benefiting the segment’s flame retardant product
line. This recovery continued throughout the balance of the
year. While demand from other industries stabilized by the summer,
recovery has been very slow. The building and construction industry,
which utilizes flame retardant products, remained weak. The
organometallics product line with more specialized application experienced a
smaller impact from the global recession and continued to develop new
applications for its products.
The
deterioration in operating profit of $40 million in 2009 reflected a $45 million
reduction due to lower volume and unfavorable product mix, $25 million in
unfavorable manufacturing costs (primarily due to lower plant utilization), $2
million in decreased selling prices and a $3 million decrease in equity
income. This segment also acted quickly at the outset of the global
economic recession, to manage its production capacity and reduce fixed
manufacturing costs, mitigating some of the impact of the declines in
demand. However, it preserved spending on critical new product
development programs to enable it to continue to build a platform for future
growth. These decreases in operating profit were partially offset by a $14
million decrease in raw material and energy costs, a $14 million reduction in
accelerated depreciation of certain assets, an $2 million benefit from lower
SGA&R, a $2 million reduction in distribution costs and $3 million of other
cost reductions.
General
Corporate
General
corporate expense includes costs and expenses that are of a general nature or
managed on a corporate basis. These costs primarily represent
corporate administration services net of costs allocated to the business
segments, costs related to corporate headquarters, management compensation plan
expenses related to executives and corporate managers and worldwide amortization
expense. Functional costs are allocated between the business segments
and general corporate expense.
General
corporate expense was $106 million for 2009, which included $38 million of
amortization expense related to intangibles, compared with $113 million for
2008, which included $44 million of amortization expense.
The
decrease in general corporate expense of $7 million was primarily driven by a $9
million reduction in depreciation and amortization expense (amortization expense
in 2008 included a $4 million charge related to the acceleration of amortization
of the intangible value of our discontinued Sun® brand product line), a $7
million charge in the first quarter of 2008 related to an assumed lease and $4
million decrease in unabsorbed overhead expense from discontinued
operations. These decreases were partially offset by a $5 million
benefit in 2008 related to the recovery of insurance proceeds; $4 million in
higher pension and other post-retirement benefit plan costs; and a $4 million
pension plan curtailment gain in 2008.
Corporate
accelerated deprecation of property, plant and equipment included a charge of
$32 million in 2008 primarily related to our project to upgrade our legacy ERP
systems to a single instance of SAP.
Other
Expenses
Interest
expense of $70 million in 2009 was $8 million lower than 2008. Lower
interest expense from not recording contractual interest expense on unsecured
debt as a result of the Chapter 11 filing was partially offset by an increase
due to borrowings under the DIP Credit Facility at higher interest rates than
our pre-petition debt.
Other
expense, net was $17 million in 2009 compared with other income, net of $9
million in 2008. The increase in expense is primarily due to losses
from unfavorable foreign exchange impacts of $47 million, primarily resulting
from our inability to purchase foreign currency forward contracts under the
terms of our DIP Credit Facility, partially offset by lower fees of $14 million
associated with the termination of our accounts receivable financing facilities
and fees of $6 million in 2008 associated with the 2007 Credit Facility
amendment and waiver.
17
Reorganization
items, net of $97 million represented items realized or incurred by us related
to our reorganization under Chapter 11. Reorganization items, net
during 2009 included professional fees directly associated with the
reorganization; the write-off of debt discounts, premiums and debt issuance
costs; the write-off of deferred financing expenses related to the termination
of the 2009 U.S. Facility; rejections or terminations of executory contracts and
real property leases; gains on the settlement of claims; and reorganization
initiatives for which Bankruptcy Court approval had been obtained.
Income
Taxes
Our
income tax expense in 2009 was $10 million compared with a benefit of $29
million in 2008. The 2009 income tax expense included an increase to
our valuation allowance and the impact of a decrease in the liability for an
unrecognized tax benefit of $9 million as a result of the expiration of the
statute of limitation, bankruptcy claims adjustments and favorable audit
settlements or payments related to the prior years. We provided a
full valuation allowance against the tax benefit associated with our U.S. net
operating loss. The 2008 income tax benefit included the impact of a
goodwill impairment charge and the increase of a valuation allowance against our
deferred tax assets.
Discontinued
Operations
The loss
from discontinued operations in 2009 was $63 million (net of $6 million of a tax
benefit) compared with a loss from discontinued operations in 2008 of $16
million (net of $2 million tax provision), which reflected the operations of the
PVC additives business that was subsequently sold. The increase in
the loss from discontinued operations mainly relates to a $60 million impairment
charge in the second quarter of 2009.
The loss
on sale of discontinued operations in 2009 was $3 million (net of $1 million of
tax), which represented an adjustment for a loss contingency related with the
sale of the OrganoSilicones business in July 2003.
2008
COMPARED TO 2007
Overview
Consolidated
net sales of $3.2 billion for 2008 were $216 million lower than in
2007. Net sales decreased by $201 million due to lower volume and
$205 million due to business divestitures (oleochemicals and organic peroxides
businesses and the Celogen®, Diamond, and Terraclor product lines), which were
partially offset by $125 million in increased selling prices, $45 million in
favorable foreign currency translation and $20 million from the Kaufman Holdings
Corporation (“Kaufman”) acquisition in the first quarter of 2007.
Gross
profit decreased by $102 million to $717 million for 2008 as compared with
2007. Gross profit as a percentage of sales declined to 23% in 2008
from 24% in 2007. The decrease in gross profit reflected a $162
million impact from increased raw material and energy costs, $37 million in
lower volume, $27 million in unfavorable manufacturing costs and $1 million in
other cost increases. These unfavorable factors were partially offset
by $125 million in higher selling prices. Unfavorable manufacturing
costs were primarily driven by temporary plant closures during the fourth
quarter of 2008.
SG&A
expense of $323 million for 2008 was $39 million lower than in
2007. This decrease is primarily due to the impact of our
restructuring program that was announced in June 2007 and other cost reduction
initiatives.
Depreciation
and amortization expense of $221 million for 2008 was $33 million lower than in
2007. This decrease is primarily due to a net reduction in
accelerated depreciation of property, plant and equipment of $23
million. In 2007, accelerated depreciation was related to the closure
of certain antioxidant manufacturing facilities in Europe and in 2008 it was
principally related to the oleochemicals business which was sold in the first
quarter of 2008.
R&D
expense of $46 million for 2008 was $11 million lower than in 2007 as a result
of cost reduction initiatives.
Facility
closure, severance and related costs for 2008 were $23 million, which was due
primarily to our restructuring program announced in December
2008. The 2007 costs of $34 million were primarily severance costs
related to our 2007 cost savings initiatives.
18
We
incurred antitrust costs of $12 million in 2008 compared with $35 million in
2007. Antitrust costs for 2008 were primarily related to settlement
offers made to certain rubber chemical claimants and legal costs associated with
antitrust investigations and civil lawsuits. Antitrust costs for the
same period in 2007 primarily represented settlement offers made to certain
urethane and rubber chemicals claimants, indirect case claimants, securities
class action plaintiffs and legal costs associated with the antitrust
investigations and civil lawsuits.
Loss on
sale of business of $25 million in 2008 was primarily related to the sale of the
oleochemicals business. The loss on sale of business of $15 million
in 2007 was primarily related to the sale of the Celogen® product
line.
The
impairment of long-lived assets of $986 million in 2008 was primarily related to
reducing the carrying value of goodwill in our Consumer Performance Products,
Industrial Performance Products and Industrial Engineered Products
segments. The impairment of long-lived assets was $19 million in
2007. Included in this charge was $9 million related to our Ravenna,
Italy facility, $4 million related to facilities affected by the 2007
restructuring programs, $3 million related to the sale of the Marshall, Texas
facility and $3 million related to our legacy ERP systems.
We
incurred an operating loss of $915 million for 2008 compared with an operating
profit of $46 million for 2007. The decrease in operating profit
reflected a $967 million increase in impairment of long-lived assets (2008
included a $985 million impairment of goodwill associated with the Consumer
Performance Products, Industrial Performance Products and Industrial Engineered
Products segments), a $102 million decrease in gross profit discussed above and
a $10 million increase in loss on sale of business. These unfavorable
impacts were partially offset by a $50 million decrease in SGA&R expenses
due to savings from the 2007 restructuring program and cost-reduction
initiatives, a $33 million decrease in depreciation and amortization, a $23
million decrease in antitrust costs, a $11 million decrease in facility
closures, severance and related costs and $1 million in higher equity
income.
Loss from
continuing operations attributable to Chemtura Corporation for 2008 was $957
million, or $3.94 per diluted share, as compared to a loss of $54 million, or
$0.22 per diluted share, for 2007.
Consumer
Performance Products
The
Consumer Performance Products segment reported net sales of $516 million for
2008, compared with $567 million for 2007. Operating profit was $50
million for 2008, which reflected a decrease of $12 million compared with $62
million in 2007.
The net
sales decrease of $51 million was due to a $72 million decrease in sales volume,
partially offset by improvements in selling prices of $14 million and favorable
foreign currency translation of $7 million. The loss in volume during
2008 is attributable to lower volume of distributor sales, following the
decision to terminate sales through this channel, lower dealer and international
sales due to a combination of poor weather conditions and constrained consumer
spending, partially offset by higher sales in the mass market
channel.
The
reduction in operating profit was primarily driven by $35 million in lower
volume, $10 million of higher raw material costs and $2 million from unfavorable
manufacturing costs. These decreases in operating profit were partly
offset by a $14 million increase in selling prices, a $9 million reduction in
the cost of marketing programs, a $7 million reduction in corporate charges, a
$4 million reduction in distribution costs and $1 million from foreign currency
translation.
Industrial
Performance Products
Net sales
in the Industrial Performance Products segment of $1.5 billion for 2008
decreased by $48 million as compared with 2007. Operating profit
decreased $35 million to $105 million compared with $140 million in
2007.
The net
sales decrease of $48 million was due to a $112 million decrease in volume and a
$52 million decrease related to divestitures partially offset by an $80 million
benefit from higher selling prices, $20 million from the first quarter 2007
acquisition of Kaufman, and a $16 million benefit related to favorable foreign
currency translation.
The
reduction in operating profit reflected raw material cost increases of $89
million, a $20 million impact from lower volume, increased manufacturing costs
of $9 million and higher distribution costs of $6 million. These unfavorable
factors were partially offset by $80 million from higher selling prices, a $5
million reduction in corporate charges, and a $4 million increase due to the
Kaufman acquisition.
19
Crop
Protection Engineered Products
Net sales
for the Crop Protection Engineered Products segment were $394 million for 2008,
an increase of $42 million over 2007. Operating profit of $78 million
increased by $20 million compared with $58 million in 2007.
The
increase in net sales reflected an increase of $44 million from organic volume
growth primarily due to increased demand for products across Europe and an $8
million benefit from foreign currency translation, offset by $3 million in
reduced selling prices and $7 million due to the sale of certain product
lines.
The
increase in operating profit was primarily driven by $19 million in higher
volume and favorable product mix, $4 million from lower manufacturing costs, $3
million from reduced R&D project spending, $3 million from reduced corporate
charges, $2 million due to favorable foreign currency translation, a $1 million
reduction in provision for doubtful accounts and a net reduction of $4 million
from other cost savings programs. These favorable factors were partly
offset by the product line divestitures that reduced operating profit by $6
million, increased raw materials costs of $4 million, distribution cost
increases of $3 million, and a $3 million decrease in selling
prices.
Industrial
Engineered Products
Net sales
for the Industrial Engineered Products segment of $779 million in 2008 decreased
by $159 million compared with 2007. Operating profit of $43 million
for 2008 increased $4 million compared with $39 million for 2007.
The
decrease in net sales reflected a $145 million reduction resulting from the
divestiture of the oleochemicals business and the organic peroxides product
line, and a decrease in volume of $60 million related primarily to the flame
retardants product line. These reductions were partially offset by a
$33 million increase due to improvements in selling prices primarily to recover
higher raw material and energy costs, and $13 million of favorable foreign
currency translation.
The
increase in operating profit was primarily driven by $33 million from increased
selling prices, a $16 million reduction in accelerated depreciation of certain
assets, $7 million reduction in corporate charges, $7 million from lower
SG&A expenditures, $7 million of favorable currency translation, $2 million
from lower distribution costs, $3 million in reduced R&D spending, a $1
million increase in equity income and other decreases in costs of $8
million. These increases were partially offset by the impact of $59
million in raw material and energy cost increases, $15 million of increased
manufacturing costs and $6 million related to divestitures.
General
Corporate
General
corporate expense was $113 million for 2008, which included $44 million of
amortization expense related to intangibles, compared with $110 million for
2007, which included $38 million of amortization expense.
The $6
million amortization expense increase in 2008 included a $4 million charge
related to the acceleration of amortization of the intangible value of our
discontinued Sun® brand product line. Corporate expense also
increased by $11 million primarily due to a $7 million charge relating to an
assumed lease and a $4 million benefit in 2007 from the sale of an office
lease. These increases were offset by a $5 million curtailment gain
due to the decision to eliminate future earnings benefits of participants in
certain international pension plans, a $5 million benefit related to the
recovery of insurance proceeds and a $4 million decrease in unabsorbed overhead
expense from discontinued operations.
Corporate
accelerated deprecation of property, plant and equipment included a charge of
$32 million in 2008 and $40 million in 2007 primarily related to our project to
upgrade our legacy ERP systems to a single instance of SAP and our restructuring
programs.
Other
Expenses
Interest
expense of $78 million for 2008 was $9 million lower than in
2007. The decrease was primarily due to lower average
borrowings.
20
Other
income, net was $9 million in 2008 compared with $5 million of expense in
2007. The $14 million increase in income reflected an increase in
favorable foreign currency gains of $14 million, lower costs associated with the
accounts receivable facilities of $5 million and an increase in interest income
of $1 million, partially offset by $6 million of fees and expenses associated
with the 2007 Credit Facility amendment and waiver in December
2008.
Income
Taxes
Our
income tax benefit from continuing operations was $29 million in 2008 compared
with tax expense of less than $1 million in 2007, an increase in tax benefit of
$29 million. This change is principally due to the mix of domestic
versus foreign earnings, a book based goodwill impairment charge and the
increase of a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.
Discontinued
Operations
Loss from
discontinued operations in 2008 was $16 million (net of $2 million tax
provision), which reflected the operations of the PVC additives business that
was subsequently sold. Earnings from discontinued operations in 2007
was $27 million (net of $14 million of tax), which reflected the operations of
the PVC additives, EPDM, fluorine and optical monomers businesses that were
subsequently sold.
Gain on
sale of discontinued operations in 2007 was $24 million (net of $13 million of
tax). The gain included $23 million related to the sale of the EPDM
business and $2 million related to the final contingent earn-out proceeds
related to the sale of the OrganoSilicones business, partially offset by a loss
of $1 million from the sale of the optical monomers business.
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
Our
Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which require us
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts and disclosures
reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying
notes. Accounting estimates and assumptions described in this section
are those we consider to be the most critical to an understanding of our
financial statements because they inherently involve significant judgments and
uncertainties. For all of these estimates, we note that future events
rarely develop exactly as forecast, and the best estimates routinely require
adjustment. Actual results could differ from such
estimates. The following paragraphs summarize our critical accounting
estimates. Significant accounting policies used in the preparation of
our Consolidated Financial Statements are discussed in the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Liabilities
Subject to Compromise
Our
Consolidated Financial Statements include, as liabilities subject to compromise,
certain pre-petition liabilities generally subject to an automatic bankruptcy
stay that were recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheets at the time of our
Chapter 11 filings with the exception of those items approved by the Bankruptcy
Court to be settled. In addition, we also reflected as liabilities
subject to compromise estimates of expected allowed claims relating to
liabilities for rejected and repudiated executory contracts and real property
leases, environmental, litigation, accounts payable and accrued liabilities,
debt and other liabilities. These expected allowed claims require us
to estimate the likely claim amount that will be allowed by the Bankruptcy Court
prior to the Bankruptcy Court’s ruling on the individual
claims. These estimates are based on reviews of claimants’ supporting
material, obligations to mitigate such claims, and assessments by us and
third-party advisors. We expect that our estimates, although based on
the best available information, will change due to actions of the Bankruptcy
Court, better information becoming available, negotiations, rejection or
repudiation of executory contracts and real property leases, and the
determination as to the value of any collateral securing claims, proofs of claim
or other events. See Note 21 – Legal Proceedings and Contingencies in
the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the
Company’s Chapter 11 claims assessment.
Carrying
Value of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets
We have
elected to perform our annual goodwill impairment procedures for all of our
reporting units in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”)
Subtopic 350-20, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Goodwill
(“ASC 350-20”) as of July 31, or sooner, if events occur or circumstances change
that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below
its carrying value.
21
Our cash
flow projections, used to estimate the fair value of our reporting units, are
based on subjective estimates. Although we believe that our
projections reflect our best estimates of the future performance of our
reporting units, changes in estimated revenues or operating margins could have
an impact on the estimated fair values. Any increases in estimated
reporting unit cash flows would have had no impact on the carrying value of that
reporting unit. However, a decrease in future estimated reporting
unit cash flows could require us to determine whether recognition of a goodwill
impairment charge was required. The assessment is required to be
performed in two steps: step one to test for a potential impairment of goodwill
and, if potential impairments are identified, step two to measure the impairment
loss through a full fair valuing of the assets and liabilities of the reporting
unit utilizing the acquisition method of accounting.
We also
perform corroborating analysis of our fair value estimates utilized for our step
1 tests at each annual and interim testing date. Prior to 2009, this
corroborating analysis included reconciling the sum of the reporting unit fair
values to our market capitalization value. This corroborating
analysis supported the conclusion that the reduction in certain reporting unit
fair values for each subsequent test in 2008 was correlated to our declining
stock price during the second half of 2008. The implied control
premiums resulting from this corroborating analysis revealed a range of 25% to
35% which was deemed reasonable for our industry.
During
the quarter ended March 31, 2009, there was continued weakness in the global
financial markets, resulting in additional decreases in the valuation of public
companies and restricted availability of capital. Additionally, our
stock price continued to decline due to the constrained liquidity, deteriorating
financial performance and the Debtors filing of a petition for relief under
Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. These events were of
sufficient magnitude for us to conclude that it was appropriate to perform a
goodwill impairment review as of March 31, 2009. We used our own
estimates of the effects of the macroeconomic changes on the markets we serve to
develop an updated view of our projections. Those updated projections
were used to compute updated estimated fair values of our reporting
units. Based on these estimated fair values used to test goodwill for
impairment in accordance with ASC 350-20, we concluded that no impairment
existed in any of our reporting units at March 31, 2009.
The
financial performance of certain reporting units was negatively impacted versus
expectations due to the cold and wet weather conditions during the first half of
2009. Based on this fact along with the macro economic factors
described above, we concluded that it was appropriate to perform a goodwill
impairment review as of June 30, 2009. We used the updated
projections in our long-range plan to compute estimated fair values of our
reporting units. These projections indicated that the estimated fair
value of the Consumer Performance Products reporting unit was less than its
carrying value. Based on our preliminary analysis, an estimated
goodwill impairment charge of $37 million was recorded for this reporting unit
in the second quarter of 2009 (representing the remaining goodwill in this
reporting unit). We finalized our analysis of the goodwill impairment
charge in the third quarter of 2009 and no change to the estimated charge was
required.
We did
not perform corroborating analysis of estimated fair values by using market
capitalization for the March 31, 2009 and June 30, 2009 interim impairment
test. Our stock price had declined significantly as of March 31, 2009
as a result of the bankruptcy filing and its potential impact on equity holders
who lack priority in our capital structure. A reconciliation to a
market capitalization based upon such a share price was not deemed to be
appropriate since this was not a representative fair value of the reporting
units in accordance with ASC 350-20 and ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and
Disclosures (“ASC 820”) (fair value assumes an exchange in an orderly
transaction (not a forced liquidation or distress sale)).
We did
perform alternative corroborating analysis procedures of our reporting unit fair
value estimates at March 31, 2009 and June 30, 2009. This analysis
included comparing reporting unit revenue and EBITDA multiples of enterprise
value to comparable companies in the same industry. Beyond
comparisons of revenue and EBITDA multiples, we also compared fair value
estimates to the written expressions of value received from third parties for
certain reporting units during our asset sale processes that were conducted in
the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009. All aspects
of the various corroborating analyses performed as of March 31, 2009 and June
30, 2009 confirmed that the fair value estimates for the respective reporting
units were reasonable.
We
concluded that no additional goodwill impairment existed in any of our reporting
units based on the annual review as of July 31, 2009.
22
For the
quarters ended September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2009, our consolidated
performance was in line with expectations while the performance of our Crop
Protection Engineered Products reporting unit was below
expectations. However, the longer-term forecasts for this reporting
unit are still sufficient to support the level of goodwill. As such,
we concluded that no circumstances exist that would more likely than not reduce
the fair value of any of our reporting units below their carrying amount and an
interim impairment test was not considered necessary as of September 30, 2009
and December 31, 2009.
We
continually monitor and evaluate business and competitive conditions that affect
our operations and reflects the impact of these factors in our financial
projections. If permanent or sustained changes in business,
competitive conditions or stock price occur, they can lead to revised
projections that could potentially give rise to impairment charges.
We
evaluate the recoverability of the carrying value of our long-lived assets,
excluding goodwill, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that
the carrying value may not be recoverable. We realize that events and
changes in circumstances can be more frequent in the course of a U.S. bankruptcy
process. Under such circumstances, we assess whether the projected
undiscounted cash flows of our businesses are sufficient to recover the existing
unamortized carrying value of our long-lived assets. If the undiscounted
projected cash flows are not sufficient, we calculate the impairment amount by
several methodologies, including discounting the projected cash flows using our
weighted average cost of capital and valuation estimates from third
parties. The amount of the impairment is written-off against earnings
in the period in which the impairment has been determined.
Environmental
Matters
We are
involved in claims, litigation, administrative proceedings and investigations of
various types in a number of jurisdictions. A number of such matters
involve claims for a material amount of damages and relate to or allege
environmental liabilities, including clean-up costs associated with hazardous
waste disposal sites, natural resource damages, property damage and personal
injury. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act of 1980, as amended (“CERCLA”), and comparable state statutes,
impose strict liability upon various classes of persons with respect to the
costs associated with the investigation and remediation of waste disposal
sites. Such persons are typically referred to as “Potentially
Responsible Parties” or PRPs. We have been identified by federal,
state or local governmental agencies, or by other PRPs, as a PRP at various
locations in the United States. In addition, we are involved with
environmental remediation and compliance activities at some of our current and
former sites in the United States and abroad.
Each
quarter, we evaluate and review estimates for future remediation, operation and
management costs directly related to remediation, to determine appropriate
environmental reserve amounts. For each site where the cost of remediation is
probable and reasonably estimable, we determine the specific measures that are
believed to be required to remediate the site, the estimated total cost to carry
out the remediation plan, the portion of the total remediation costs to be borne
by us and the anticipated time frame over which payments toward the remediation
plan will occur. At sites where we expect to incur ongoing operation and
maintenance expenditures, we accrue on an undiscounted basis for a period of
generally 10 years, those costs which are probable and reasonably
estimable. Where settlement offers have been extended to resolve an
environmental liability as part of the Chapter 11 cases, the amounts of those
offers have been accrued and are reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as
liabilities subject to compromise.
As of
December 31, 2009, our reserve for environmental remediation activities totaled
$122 million of which $42 million was included in liabilities subject to
compromise on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We estimate that
environmental liabilities could range up to $164 million at December 31,
2009. Our reserves include estimates for determinable clean-up
costs. At a number of these sites, the extent of contamination has
not yet been fully investigated or the final scope of remediation is not yet
determinable.
In
addition, it is possible that our estimates for environmental remediation
liabilities may change in the future should additional sites be identified,
further remediation measures be required or undertaken, current laws and
regulations be modified or additional environmental laws and regulations be
enacted and as negotiations with respect to certain sites continue or as certain
liabilities relating to such sites are resolved as part of the Chapter 11
cases.
We intend
to assert all meritorious legal defenses and will pursue other equitable factors
that are available with respect to these matters. The resolution of
the environmental matters now pending or hereafter asserted against us could
require us to pay remedial costs or damages, which are not currently
determinable, that could exceed our present estimates, and as a result could
have, either individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
23
Pension
and Other Post-Retirement Benefits Expense
Our
calculation of pension and other post-retirement benefits expense is dependent
on a number of assumptions. These assumptions include discount rates, health
care cost trend rates, expected long-term rates of return on plan assets,
mortality rates, expected salary and wage increases, and other relevant
factors. Components of pension and other post-retirement benefits expense
include interest and service cost on the pension and other post-retirement
benefit plans, expected return on plan assets and amortization of certain
unrecognized costs and obligations. Actual results that differ from the
assumptions utilized are accumulated and amortized over future periods and,
therefore, generally affect recognized expense and the recorded obligation in
future periods. While we believe that the assumptions used are
appropriate, differences in actual experience or significant changes in
assumptions would affect our pension and other post-retirement benefits costs
and obligations.
The
Debtors voluntarily filed for Chapter 11 on March 18, 2009. However,
we intend to continue to make minimum required funding requirements to the
domestic qualified pension plans in the future. We have suspended
payments under the domestic non-qualified pension arrangements, and the
Bankruptcy Court has approved our motion to modify and/or terminate certain
domestic post-retirement medical benefits. We have not finalized any
modifications and/or terminations to those plans and therefore any impact from
these potential modifications and/or terminations have not been reflected in the
financial condition for these plans, nor in any of the estimates presented
in this discussion. Prior to the bankruptcy filing, we implemented caps on
the level of domestic post-retirement benefits for active employees who are
expected to retire in the future, and these were accounted for as an amendment
with effect from January 1, 2009. None of the international programs were
affected by the bankruptcy filing.
Pension
Plans
Pension
liabilities are measured on a discounted basis and the assumed discount rate is
a significant assumption. At each measurement date, the discount rate is based
on interest rates for high-quality, long-term corporate debt securities with
maturities comparable to our liabilities. At December 31, 2009, we
utilized a discount rate of 5.70% for our domestic qualified pension plan
compared to 6.00% at December 31, 2008. For the international
and non-qualified plans, a weighted average discount rate of 5.55% was used at
December 31, 2009, compared to 5.82% used at December 31, 2008. As a
sensitivity measure, a 25 basis point reduction in the discount rate for all
plans would result in approximately a $1 million decrease in pre-tax earnings
for 2010.
Domestic
discount rates adopted at December 31, 2009 utilized an interest rate yield
curve to determine the discount rate pursuant to guidance codified under ASC
715. The yield curve is comprised of AAA/AA bonds with maturities between
zero and thirty years. We discounted the annual cash flows of our domestic
pension plans using this yield curve and developed a single-point discount rate
matching the respective plan’s payout structure.
A similar
approach is used to determine the appropriate discount rates for the
international plans. The actual method used varies from country to country
depending on the amount of available information on bond yields to be able to
estimate a single-point discount rate to match the respective plan’s benefit
disbursements.
Our
weighted average estimated rate of compensation increase was 3.74% for
applicable domestic and international pension plans combined at December 31,
2009. As a sensitivity measure, an increase of 25 basis points in the
estimated rate of compensation increase would decrease pre-tax earnings for 2010
by an immaterial amount.
The
expected return on pension plan assets is based on our investment strategy,
historical experience, and expectations for long-term rates of return. We
determine the expected rate of return on plan assets for the domestic and
international pension plans by applying the expected returns on various asset
classes to our target asset allocation.
We
utilized a weighted average expected long-term rate of return of 7.75% on all
domestic plan assets and a weighted average rate of 7.50% for the international
plan assets for the year ended December 31, 2009. This assumption is
a long-term assessment of future expectations and should not be unduly
influenced by short-term performance.
24
Historical
returns are evaluated based on an arithmetic average of annual returns derived
from recognized passive indices, such as the S&P 500, for the major asset
classes. We looked at the arithmetic averages of annual investment returns from
passive indices, assuming a portfolio of investments that follow the current
target asset allocation for the domestic plans over several business cycles, to
obtain an indication of the long-term historical market
performance. The arithmetic average return over the past 20 years was
8.30%, and over the past 30 years it was 11.10%. Both of these values exceeded
the 7.75% domestic expected return on assets.
The
upturn in global equity markets in 2009 was reflected in the investment
performance of our pension plan assets. The actual annualized return on plan
assets for the domestic plans for the 12 months ended December 31, 2009 was
approximately 9% (net of investment expenses), which was above the expected
return on asset assumption for the year. The international plans fared better,
earning a weighted average return of approximately 16% (in local currency terms,
before allowing for the weakening of the U.S. dollar against major currencies in
2009) and approximately 29% in U.S. dollar terms (resulting in currency gains of
approximately $23 million on plan assets). This favorable performance in U.S.
dollar terms has to be viewed in the context of currency losses of approximately
$30 million on benefit obligations for the international pension
arrangements.
Our
target asset allocation for the domestic pension plans is based on investing 50%
of plan assets in equity instruments, 45% of plan assets in fixed income
investments and 5% in real estate. The target allocation was reviewed and
changed during 2008, with a view to managing the level and volatility of
investment returns. At December 31, 2009, 53% of the portfolio was invested
in equities, 41% in fixed income investments and 6% in real estate and other
investments.
We have
unrecognized actuarial losses relating to our pension plans which have been
included in our Consolidated Balance Sheet but not in our Consolidated
Statements of Operations. The extent to which these unrecognized actuarial
losses will impact future pre-tax earnings depends on whether the unrecognized
actuarial losses are deferred through the asset-smoothing mechanism (the market
related value as defined by ASC Topic 715-30, Defined Benefit Plans –
Pensions (“ASC 715-30”), or through amortization in pre-tax earnings to
the extent that they exceed a 10% amortization corridor, as defined by ASC
715-30, which provides for amortization over the average remaining participant
career. The amortization of unrecognized net losses existing as of December 31,
2009 will result in a $7 million decrease to pre-tax earnings for 2010 ($7
million for the qualified domestic plans and an immaterial amount for the
international and non-qualified plans). Since future gains and losses beyond
2009 are a result of various factors described herein, it is not possible to
predict with certainty to what extent the combination of current and future
losses may exceed the 10 percent amortization corridor and thereby be subject to
further amortization. At the end of 2009, unrecognized net losses
amounted to $344 million for the qualified domestic plans and $63 million for
the international and non-qualified plans. Of these unrecognized
losses, $96 million for the domestic plans and $18 million for the international
plans are deferred through the asset smoothing mechanism as required by ASC
715.
Pension
(income) expense is calculated based upon certain assumptions including discount
rate, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, mortality rates and
expected salary and wage increases. Actual results that differ from the
current assumptions utilized are accumulated and amortized over future periods
and will affect pension expense in future periods. The following table
estimates the future pension expense, based upon current
assumptions:
Pension Expense By Period
|
||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions)
|
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
2013
|
2014
|
|||||||||||||||
Qualified
domestic pension plans
|
$ | 1 | $ | 3 | $ | 4 | $ | 4 | $ | - | ||||||||||
International
and non-qualified pension plans
|
8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | |||||||||||||||
Total
pension plans
|
$ | 9 | $ | 11 | $ | 12 | $ | 11 | $ | 6 |
25
The
following tables show the impact of a 100 basis point change in the actual
return on assets on the pension (income) expense.
Change in Pension Expense By
Period
|
||||||||||||||||||||
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
2013
|
2014
|
||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease)
|
100 Basis Point Increase in Investment Returns
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Qualified
domestic pension plans
|
$ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (1 | ) | ||||||||
International
and non-qualified pension plans
|
- | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||||||
Total
pension plans
|
$ | - | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (2 | ) | $ | (2 | ) |
Increase (decrease)
|
100 Basis Point Decrease in Investment Returns
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Qualified
domestic pension plans
|
$ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1 | $ | 1 | ||||||||||
International
and non-qualified pension plans
|
- | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Total
pension plans
|
$ | - | $ | 1 | $ | 1 | $ | 2 | $ | 2 |
Other
Post-Retirement Benefits
We
provide post-retirement health and life insurance benefits for current retired
and active employees and their beneficiaries and covered dependents for certain
domestic and international employee groups.
The
discount rates adopted by us for the valuation of the post-retirement health
care plans were determined using the same methodology as for the pension
plans. At December 31, 2009, we utilized a weighted average discount
rate of 5.40% for domestic post-retirement health care plans, compared to 6.00%
at December 31, 2008. Based on the duration of the liabilities for
the international plans, a weighted average rate of 5.80% was
used. As a sensitivity measure, a 25 basis point reduction in the
discount rate would result in an immaterial decrease in pre-tax earnings for
2010.
Assumed
health care cost trend rates are based on past and current health care cost
trends, considering such factors as health care inflation, changes in health
care utilization or delivery patterns, technological advances, and the overall
health of plan participants. We use health care trend cost
rates starting with an initial level of 7.50% for the domestic arrangements and
grading down to an ultimate level of 5.00%. For the international arrangements,
the weighted average initial rate is 9.50%, grading down to 5.00%.
The
pre-tax post-retirement healthcare expense was $6 million in 2009. The
following table summarizes projected post-retirement benefit expense based upon
the various assumptions discussed above.
(In millions)
|
Pre-Tax Expense by Period
|
|||||||||||||||||||
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
2013
|
2014
|
||||||||||||||||
Domestic
and international post-retirement benefit plans
|
$ | 7 | $ | 7 | $ | 6 | $ | 6 | $ | 5 |
Income
Taxes
Income
taxes payable reflects our current tax provision and management’s best estimate
of the tax liability relating to the outcome of uncertain tax
positions. If the actual outcome of uncertain tax positions differs
from our best estimates, an adjustment to income taxes payable could be
required, which may result in additional income tax expense or
benefit.
We record
deferred tax assets and liabilities based on differences between the book and
tax basis of assets and liabilities using the enacted tax rates expected to
apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax liability or
asset is expected to be settled or realized. We also record deferred
tax assets for the expected future tax benefits of net operating losses and
income tax credit carryforwards.
26
Valuation
allowances are established when we determine that it is more likely than not
that the results of future operations may not generate sufficient taxable income
to realize our deferred tax assets during the carryforward period. We
consider the scheduled reversal of deferred tax assets and liabilities,
projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this
assessment. Thus, changes in future results of operations could
result in adjustments to our valuation allowances.
Tax
expense for 2009 includes a benefit of $8 million relating to earnings of
certain foreign subsidiaries where we have recorded a deferred income tax
liability associated with the intent to repatriate those earnings in a
subsequent period. We also have earnings of certain foreign
subsidiaries where we consider these earnings to be indefinitely reinvested in
our operations. As such, no U.S. tax cost has been provided on
approximately $490 million of earnings at December 31, 2009. If we
change our intent related to these earnings additional tax would be
required.
We
adopted certain provisions of ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”) on
January 1, 2007. ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and
measurement attributes for the financial statement recognition and measurement
of tax positions taken, or expected to be taken, in tax
returns. Under ASC 740, the economic benefit associated with a tax
position will only be recognized if it is more likely than not that a tax
position ultimately will be sustained. After this threshold is met, a
tax position is reported at the largest amount of benefit that is more likely
than not to be ultimately sustained. ASC 740 also provides guidance
on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim
periods, disclosure and transition.
As a
result of the implementation of ASC 740, we recognized a $2 million decrease in
the liability for unrecognized tax benefits. The liability for
unrecognized tax benefits at adoption was $56 million. Included in
the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at January 1, 2007 was $44 million of
tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax
rate. Also included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at
January 1, 2007 was $16 million of tax benefits that, if recognized, would
result in a decrease to goodwill recorded in purchase business
combinations. Effective January 1, 2009, all adjustments to
unrecognized tax benefits related to these prior business combinations are
recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Operations in accordance with ASC
Topic 805, Business
Combinations (“ASC 805”).
We have a
liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $76 million and $85 million at
December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
ACCOUNTING
DEVELOPMENTS
For
information on accounting developments see Note 2 – Basis of Presentation and
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
27
OUTLOOK
We view
the Chapter 11 process as an opportunity to reshape our Company into a stronger,
leaner global enterprise focused on growth. From an operating
standpoint, we are pursuing growth opportunities while making significant
progress in enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of our
businesses. Initiatives in these areas include the
following:
|
·
|
Increasing
strategic investments to improve efficiency, such as our ERP initiatives
that have enabled the activities related to over 90 percent of net sales
now to be managed on a single global instance of SAP and offering
simplified and standardized business
processes;
|
|
·
|
Focusing
on investments in R&D, which is beginning to result in important and
innovative new product offerings such as Geobrom™, Weston® 705, and two
new flame retardant products being produced today on pilot plant
scale;
|
|
·
|
Improving
order processing to enhance responsiveness and delivery to
customers;
|
|
·
|
Transferring
certain operations to third-party logistics providers, enabling us to
maintain service levels at a more competitive
cost;
|
|
·
|
Growing
our global antioxidant business with a planned additional expansion of our
capacity at Gulf Stabilizer Industries (“GSI”), our joint venture facility
in Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia; and
|
|
·
|
Advancing
towards our joint venture between Al Zamil Group Holding Company and
Chemtura Organometallics GmbH, our wholly owned German subsidiary, to
build a world-scale metal alkyls manufacturing facility in Jubail
Industrial City, Saudi Arabia.
|
Our key
challenges in 2010 will be to implement our business plans and to emerge from
Chapter 11. As part of these actions, we are undertaking a thorough
review of our operations and business activities to determine whether to
continue in, restructure or exit from those activities. As a result
of our ongoing review process, we have implemented the following
initiatives:
|
·
|
On
February 23, 2010, the Company entered into a Share and Asset Purchase
Agreement with Artek whereby Artek agreed to acquire the Company’s PVC
additives business for cash consideration of $16 million and to assume
certain liabilities, including certain pension and environmental
liabilities. The purchase price is subject to certain
adjustments including a post-closing net working capital
adjustment. On February 23, 2010, the Bankruptcy Court issued
an order approving, among other things, the sale of the PVC additives
business to Artek. On April 30, 2010, the Company completed the sale of
its PVC additives business to Artek for a pre-tax loss of approximately $8
million.;
|
|
·
|
Announced
a plan to reorganize and consolidate our operations at our Flame
Retardants business facilities in El Dorado, Arkansas. The
restructuring plan is subject to Bankruptcy Court approval and, if such
approval is obtained, is expected to be completed by the fourth quarter of
2010. As a result of the restructuring plan, we expect to
record costs of approximately $40 million, primarily in the first half of
2010, consisting of approximately $35 million in accelerated depreciation
of property, plant and equipment and approximately $5 million in other
facility-related shutdown costs, which include accelerated recognition of
asset retirement obligations, decommissioning of wells and pipelines and
severance. We expect cash costs, including capital costs, to be
approximately $20 million primarily in
2010.
|
28
We are
also reviewing approximately 13,000 of our real property leases and executory
contracts to determine whether they constitute a strategic fit with our core
businesses and, if not, to evaluate whether they should be assumed, rejected or
restructured as permitted under the Bankruptcy Code. While this
review is not complete, we have taken actions accordingly, including rejecting
various executory contracts and real property leases.
In
addition, we are improving our financial health and are currently meeting or
exceeding our financial objectives by:
|
·
|
Generating
positive cash flow (as previously defined) over the last four quarters and
accumulating substantial cash balances by both the Debtors and our
international subsidiaries;
|
|
·
|
Achieving
or exceeding performance levels required by the DIP Credit Facility;
and
|
|
·
|
Identifying,
and now working closely with, several financial institutions we expect
will lead our exit financing. The support of these institutions
will enable us to finance our Plan and emerge as a financially sound,
stand-alone global company.
|
Our
operations outside the United States are not part of the Chapter 11
cases. These operations have demonstrated financial strength and the
ability to operate unaffected by the Chapter 11 process. These
operations have virtually no third-party funded debt and have generated
substantial cash flow during 2009, which they retain to fund operations and
increase liquidity.
As
described above, we have met numerous business milestones during the Chapter 11
cases, demonstrating operational credibility and maintaining an aggressive
Chapter 11 timetable. We believe our actions and overall performance
have gained the confidence of our customers and suppliers, as well as our
creditors and other stakeholders, and that the additional time allotted for the
claims reconciliation process will lead to a stronger company, better positioned
to deliver superior service and financial results.
Since the
beginning of this process, our goal was to develop a consensual Plan with as
many of our stakeholders as possible. We continue to work
collaboratively with our official committee of unsecured creditors and other
stakeholders in developing a Plan that is expected to include a substantial
debt-to-equity conversion. We believe that this approach offers the
quickest overall path to emergence while building a stronger, more focused and
nimble global enterprise, best equipped to grow and meet the needs of our
customers.
In
addition to emerging from Chapter 11, our focus in 2010 will remain on improving
our core businesses, rationalizing our manufacturing footprint and
“right-sizing” our cost structure, while developing products and applications
that generate profitable organic revenue growth. We continue to work
to improve the productivity of our manufacturing plants and the efficiency of
our business processes. As part of those actions, we are increasing
our capital spending from $56 million in 2009 to approximately $120 million in
2010 as we implement our business plans. These actions remain focused
on improving the operating profitability of our businesses and increasing net
cash provided by operations.
For the
longer term, our businesses continue to benefit from a number of secular trends
that may provide continued future growth opportunities including:
|
·
|
Consumer
demand for increasingly more effective pool and spa sanitation benefits
our Consumer Performance Products
segment;
|
|
·
|
The
increasing requirements for cleaner emissions from motor vehicles, greater
service life for engines and the reduction in “greenhouse gas” emissions
benefit our additive and lubricant product lines within our Industrial
Performance Products segment;
|
|
·
|
The
demand for higher yields from specialty high value agricultural crops
worldwide benefits our Crop Protection Engineered Products segment;
and
|
|
·
|
Consumer
demand for improved flame retardancy “Greener is Better” program in
household goods supported by increasing regulation in many countries
worldwide benefits our broad range of flame retardant products within our
Industrial Engineered Products
segment;
|
29
FUTURE
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Our
historical financial performance may not be indicative of our future financial
performance during the pendency of the Chapter 11 cases or beyond based on,
among other things:
|
·
|
We
do not accrue interest expense on our unsecured pre-petition debt during
the pendency of our Chapter 11 cases, except pursuant to orders of the
Bankruptcy Court;
|
|
·
|
We
expect to further rationalize our manufacturing footprint and “right-size”
our cost structure;
|
|
·
|
We
will continue to incur reorganization costs for professional fees and
other costs associated with the Chapter 11
cases;
|
|
·
|
We
have rejected, repudiated or terminated certain unprofitable or burdensome
executory contracts and real property leases, and we may further seek to
reject, repudiate or terminate executory contracts and real property
leases in the future;
|
|
·
|
We
have assumed or are seeking to assume certain beneficial executory
contracts and real property leases, and we may further seek to assume
executory contracts and real property leases in the
future;
|
|
·
|
As
part of our emergence from Chapter 11, we may be required to adopt fresh
start accounting in a future period, resulting in the re-measurement of
our assets and liabilities to fair value as of the fresh start reporting
date, which may differ materially from historical valuations;
and
|
|
·
|
If
fresh start accounting is required, our financial results after the
application of fresh start accounting may be different from historical
trends.
|
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
This
document includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27(a)
of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21(e) of the Exchange Act of
1934. These forward-looking statements are identified by terms and
phrases such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,”
“continue,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “predict,” “will” and
similar expressions and include references to assumptions and relate to our
future prospects, developments and business strategies.
Factors
that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or
implied in such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited
to:
|
·
|
The
ability to complete a restructuring of our balance
sheet;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to have the Bankruptcy Court approve motions required to sustain
operations during the Chapter 11
cases;
|
|
·
|
The
uncertainties of the Chapter 11 restructuring process including the
potential adverse impact on our operations, management, employees and the
response of our customers;
|
|
·
|
Our
estimates of the cost to settle proofs of claim presented in the Chapter
11 cases;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to develop, confirm and consummate a Chapter 11 plan of
reorganization;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to be compliant with our debt covenants or obtain necessary
waivers and amendments;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to reduce our indebtedness
levels;
|
|
·
|
General
economic conditions;
|
|
·
|
Significant
international operations and
interests;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to obtain increases in selling prices to offset increases in raw
material and energy costs;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to retain sales volumes in the event of increasing selling
prices;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to absorb fixed cost overhead in the event of lower
volumes;
|
|
·
|
Pension
and other post-retirement benefit plan
assumptions;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to successfully complete the turnaround of our Industrial
Engineered Products segment;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to implement the El Dorado, Arkansas restructuring
program;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to obtain growth from demand for petroleum additive, lubricant and
agricultural product applications;
|
30
·
|
The
ability to sustain profitability in our Crop Protection Engineered
Products (now known as Chemtura AgroSolutionsTM)
segment due to new generic competition. Additionally, the Crop
Protection Engineered Products segment is dependent on disease and pest
conditions, as well as local, regional, regulatory and economic
conditions;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to sell methyl bromide due to regulatory
restrictions;
|
|
·
|
Changes
in weather conditions which could adversely affect the seasonal selling
cycles in both our Consumer Performance Products and Crop Protection
Engineered Products segments;
|
|
·
|
Changes
in the availability and/or quality of our energy and raw
materials;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to collect our outstanding
receivables;
|
|
·
|
Changes
in interest rates and foreign currency exchange
rates;
|
|
·
|
Changes
in technology, market demand and customer
requirements;
|
|
·
|
The
enactment of more stringent U.S. and international environmental laws and
regulations;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to realize expected cost savings under our restructuring plans,
Six Sigma and Lean manufacturing
initiatives;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to recover our deferred tax
assets;
|
|
·
|
The
ability to support the goodwill and long-lived assets related to our
businesses; and
|
|
·
|
Other
risks and uncertainties detailed in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our filings
with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
|
These
statements are based on our estimates and assumptions and on currently available
information. The forward-looking statements include information
concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, and our actual
results may differ significantly from the results
discussed. Forward-looking information is intended to reflect
opinions as of the date of this report. We undertake no duty to
update any forward-looking statements to conform the statements to actual
results or changes in our operations.
31