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EX-23.1 - EX-23.1 - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv23w1.htm
EX-32 - EX-32 - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv32.htm
EX-31.1 - EX-31.1 - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv31w1.htm
EX-31.2 - EX-31.2 - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv31w2.htm
EX-21.1 - EX-21.1 - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv21w1.htm
EX-12.1 - EX-12.1 - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv12w1.htm
EX-10.12 - EX-10.12 - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv10w12.htm
EX-10.17 - EX-10.17 - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv10w17.htm
EX-10.8.C - EX-10.8.C - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv10w8wc.htm
EX-10.15.A - EX-10.15.A - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv10w15wa.htm
EX-10.15.B - EX-10.15.B - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv10w15wb.htm
EX-10.11.B - EX-10.11.B - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv10w11wb.htm
EX-10.11.A - EX-10.11.A - DELTA AIR LINES, INC.g22142exv10w11wa.htm
Table of Contents

 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
     
þ   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009
or
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number 1-5424
DELTA AIR LINES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
  58-0218548
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
     
Post Office Box 20706
Atlanta, Georgia
(Address of principal executive offices)
   
30320-6001
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (404) 715-2600
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
     
Title of each class   Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share   New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
     Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes þ    No o
     Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
Yes o    No þ
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes þ    No o
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes o    No o
     Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    o
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer þ Accelerated filer o  Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company o
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes o    No þ
     The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2009 was approximately $4.5 billion.
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.    Yes þ    No o
     On January 31, 2010, there were outstanding 785,464,490 shares of the registrant’s common stock.
This document is also available on our website at http://www.delta.com/about_delta/investor_relations.
Documents Incorporated By Reference
     Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates by reference certain information from the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
             
        Page  
Forward-Looking Information     1  
 
           
           
 
           
  BUSINESS     2  
 
  General     2  
 
  Airline Operations     3  
 
  Frequent Flyer Program     5  
 
  Cargo     5  
 
  MRO     5  
 
  Fuel     5  
 
  Competition     6  
 
  Regulatory Matters     6  
 
  Employee Matters     9  
 
  Executive Officers     11  
 
  Additional Information     12  
 
           
  RISK FACTORS     13  
 
  Risk Factors Relating to Delta     13  
 
  Risk Factors Relating to the Airline Industry     18  
 
           
  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS     19  
 
           
  PROPERTIES     20  
 
  Flight Equipment     20  
 
  Ground Facilities     21  
 
           
  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS     22  
 
           
  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS     23  
 
           
           
 
           
  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES     24  
 
           
  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA     26  
 
           
  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS     28  
 
  General Information     28  
 
  Results of Operations—2009 GAAP Compared to 2008 Combined     29  
 
  Results of Operations—2008 GAAP Compared to 2007 Predecessor plus Successor     34  
 
  Financial Condition and Liquidity     39  
 
  Contractual Obligations     41  
 
  Application of Critical Accounting Policies     43  
 
  Supplemental Information     49  
 
  Glossary of Defined Terms     51  
 
           
  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK     52  
 
           
  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA     54  
 
           
  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE     112  
 
           
  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES     112  
 
           
  OTHER INFORMATION     114  
 
           
           
 
           
  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE OF THE REGISTRANT     114  

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        Page  
 
           
  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION     114  
 
           
  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS     114  
 
           
  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE     115  
 
           
  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES     115  
 
           
           
 
           
  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES     115  
 
  SIGNATURES     116  
 
  EXHIBIT INDEX     117  
 EX-10.8.C
 EX-10.11.A
 EX-10.11.B
 EX-10.12
 EX-10.15.A
 EX-10.15.B
 EX-10.17
 EX-12.1
 EX-21.1
 EX-23.1
 EX-31.1
 EX-31.2
 EX-32

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     Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “Delta,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Delta Air Lines, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Forward-Looking Information
     Statements in this Form 10-K (or otherwise made by us or on our behalf) that are not historical facts, including statements about our estimates, expectations, beliefs, intentions, projections or strategies for the future, may be “forward-looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical experience or our present expectations. For examples of such risks and uncertainties, please see the cautionary statements contained in “Risk Factors Relating to Delta” and “Risk Factors Relating to the Airline Industry” in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that may arise after the date of this report.

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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
General
     We provide scheduled air transportation for passengers and cargo throughout the United States and around the world. In October 2008, a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours merged with and into Northwest Airlines Corporation (“Northwest”). As a result of this merger, Northwest and its subsidiaries, including Northwest Airlines, Inc. (“NWA”), became our wholly-owned subsidiaries. On December 31, 2009, NWA merged with and into Delta, ending NWA’s existence as a separate entity. We anticipate that we will complete the integration of NWA’s operations into Delta during 2010.
     We are incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware. Our principal executive offices are located at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta, Georgia (the “Atlanta Airport”). Our telephone number is (404) 715-2600 and our Internet address is www.delta.com. Information contained on this website is not part of, and is not incorporated by reference in, this Form 10-K.
Financial Strategies
     Complete the integration of Northwest. We believe the Northwest merger better positions us to manage through economic cycles and volatile fuel prices, invest in our fleet, improve services for customers and achieve our strategic objectives. We also believe the merger will generate approximately $2 billion in annual revenue and cost synergies by 2012 from more effective aircraft utilization, a more comprehensive and diversified route system and reduced overhead and improved operational efficiency.
     Right-size our operations. In response to the global recession and high fuel prices, we reduced domestic and international capacity to better match capacity with demand. We have focused on removing the associated capacity-related costs, including aircraft fleet and staffing. To reduce fleet costs, we removed 18 mainline passenger aircraft from the fleet during 2009, retired our entire fleet of B-747-200F freighter aircraft during 2009 and plan to remove over 30 regional jets from our network beginning in mid-2009 and continuing through early 2011. We have reduced staffing primarily through voluntary reduction programs as well as normal attrition. At December 31, 2009, our total workforce was 4% lower than the combined workforce of Delta and NWA at December 31, 2008.
     Improve our operating margins. We believe that the scope of our network, combined with investments we are making in our product and customer service, will enable us to generate a unit revenue premium to the industry and that our cost structure allows us to generate highly competitive unit costs, both of which provide the tools to improve our operating margins. By strengthening our network, entering into joint ventures and expanding our alliances, we believe we are better able to improve unit revenues. And while our consolidated non-fuel unit costs are the lowest among the major network carriers, we have additional improvement opportunities as we reduce costs associated with right-sizing our business, increase productivity and realize merger synergies.
     Strengthen our balance sheet. We currently, and will continue to, prudently manage costs and free cash flow to conserve liquidity. We finished 2009 with $5.4 billion in unrestricted liquidity (consisting of cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and undrawn revolving credit facility capacity). We have no immediate need for significant aircraft purchases and currently have limited aircraft capital expenditures planned for the next three years. We will continue to focus on cost discipline and cash flow generation toward our goal of further strengthening our balance sheet.
2010 Flight Plan
     Providing a safe, secure operation is our first and most fundamental obligation to our customers and employees, as well as to the communities we serve. The key goals of our 2010 flight plan include (1) positioning Delta as the global airline of choice, (2) enhancing our customer service, (3) promoting positive employee relations, (4) building a diversified, profitable worldwide network and global alliance and (5) delivering industry-leading financial results.

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Airline Operations
     Our global route network gives us a presence in every major domestic and international market. Our route network is centered around the hub system we operate at airports in Atlanta, Cincinnati, Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-JFK, Salt Lake City, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Amsterdam and Tokyo-Narita. Each of these hub operations includes flights that gather and distribute traffic from markets in the geographic region surrounding the hub to domestic and international cities and to other hubs. Our network is supported by a fleet of aircraft that is varied in terms of size and capabilities, giving us flexibility to adjust aircraft to the network.
     Expanding our presence in New York City through increased focus on corporate customers, expanded and improved airport facilities and increased and expanded service into and out of New York City is a key component of our network strategy. For example, we continue to make investments in our international operations at New York-JFK and explore long-term options to upgrade the facility. In addition, in August 2009, we announced our intention to make New York’s LaGuardia Airport a domestic hub through a slot transaction with US Airways. The agreement calls for US Airways to transfer 125 operating slot pairs to us at LaGuardia and for us to transfer 42 operating slot pairs to US Airways at Reagan National Airport in Washington, D.C. We also plan to swap gates at LaGuardia to consolidate all of our operations (including the Delta Shuttle) into an expanded main terminal facility with 11 additional gates. The United States Department of Transportation (“DOT”) has issued a tentative order on the transaction that would require the divestiture of 20 slot pairs at LaGuardia and 14 slot pairs at Reagan National. We and US Airways are reviewing the tentative order to determine our next steps.
     Other key characteristics of our route network include:
    our alliances with foreign airlines, including our membership in SkyTeam, a global airline alliance;
 
    our transatlantic joint venture with Air France KLM;
 
    our domestic alliances, including our marketing alliance with Alaska Airlines and Horizon Air, which we are enhancing to expand our west coast service; and
 
    agreements with multiple domestic regional carriers, which operate as Delta Connection, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Comair, Inc., Compass Airlines, Inc. and Mesaba Aviation, Inc.
International Alliances
     We have bilateral and multilateral marketing alliances with foreign airlines to improve our access to international markets. These arrangements can include codesharing, reciprocal frequent flyer program benefits, shared or reciprocal access to passenger lounges, joint promotions, common use of airport gates and ticket counters, ticket office co-location and other marketing agreements. These alliances often present opportunities in other areas, such as airport ground handling arrangements and aircraft maintenance insourcing.
     Our international codesharing agreements enable us to market and sell seats to an expanded number of international destinations. Under international codesharing arrangements, we and a foreign carrier each publish our respective airline designator codes on a single flight operation, thereby allowing us and the foreign carrier to offer joint service with one aircraft, rather than operating separate services with two aircraft. These arrangements typically allow us to sell seats on a foreign carrier’s aircraft that are marketed under our designator code and permit the foreign airline to sell seats on our aircraft that are marketed under the foreign carrier’s designator code.
     We have international codeshare arrangements with Aeromexico, Air France, Alitalia, Avianca, China Airlines, China Southern, CSA Czech Airlines, KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Korean Air, Malev Hungarian Airlines, Royal Air Maroc and Virgin Blue (and some affiliated carriers operating in conjunction with some of these airlines).

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     SkyTeam. In addition to our marketing alliance agreements with individual foreign airlines, we are a member of the SkyTeam global airline alliance. The other full members of SkyTeam are Aeroflot, Aeromexico, Air France, Alitalia, China Southern, CSA Czech Airlines, KLM and Korean Air. One goal of SkyTeam is to link the route networks of the member airlines, providing opportunities for increased connecting traffic while offering enhanced customer service through mutual codesharing arrangements, reciprocal frequent flyer and lounge programs and coordinated cargo operations.
     We have received antitrust immunity from the DOT that enables us and our immunized alliance partners (Air France KLM, Alitalia, CSA Czech Airlines and Korean Air) to offer a more integrated route network and develop common sales, marketing and discount programs for customers. In July 2009, Delta and Virgin Blue International Airlines (VAustralia), Virgin Blue Airlines, Pacific Blue Airlines (Australia) and Pacific Blue Airlines (New Zealand) filed an application with the DOT for antitrust immunity.
     Air France KLM joint venture. In addition to being members in SkyTeam with Air France and KLM, both of which are subsidiaries of the same holding company, we have a transatlantic joint venture agreement with Air France and KLM. This agreement provides for the sharing of revenues and costs on transatlantic routes, as well as coordinated pricing, scheduling, and product development on included routes. Pursuant to this joint venture, we and Air France KLM operate an extensive transatlantic network, primarily on routes between North America and Europe, and secondarily on routes between North America and Africa, the Middle East and India, and routes between Europe and Central America and several countries in northern South America.
Domestic Alliances
     We have entered into a marketing alliance with Alaska and Horizon, which includes mutual codesharing and reciprocal frequent flyer and airport lounge access arrangements. In 2009, we enhanced our alliance agreement with Alaska and Horizon to provide for more extensive cooperation with respect to our west coast presence.
     We also have frequent flyer and reciprocal lounge agreements with Hawaiian Airlines, and codesharing agreements with American Eagle Airlines (“American Eagle”), US Helicopter and Midwest Airlines. These marketing relationships are designed to permit the carriers to retain their separate identities and route networks while increasing the number of domestic and international connecting passengers using the carriers’ route networks.
Regional Carriers
     We have air service agreements with multiple domestic regional air carriers that feed traffic to our route system by serving passengers primarily in small-and medium-sized cities. These arrangements enable us to increase the number of flights we have available in certain locations, to better match capacity with demand and to preserve our presence in smaller markets. Approximately 22% of our passenger revenue in 2009 related to flying by regional air carriers.
     Through our regional carrier program, we have contractual arrangements with 10 regional carriers to operate regional jet and, in certain cases, turbo-prop aircraft using our “DL” designator code. In addition to our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Comair, Compass and Mesaba, we have contractual arrangements with Atlantic Southeast Airlines, Inc., a subsidiary of SkyWest, Inc. (“SkyWest”); SkyWest Airlines, Inc., a subsidiary of SkyWest; Chautauqua Airlines, Inc., a subsidiary of Republic Airways Holdings, Inc. (“Republic Holdings”); Shuttle America Corporation, a subsidiary of Republic Holdings; Freedom Airlines, Inc., a subsidiary of Mesa Air Group, Inc.; Pinnacle Airlines, Inc.; and American Eagle.
     With the exception of American Eagle and a portion of SkyWest Airlines as described below, these agreements are capacity purchase arrangements, under which we control the scheduling, pricing, reservations, ticketing and seat inventories for the regional carriers’ flights operating under our “DL” designator code, and we are entitled to all ticket, cargo and mail revenues associated with these flights. We pay those airlines an amount, as defined in the applicable agreement, which is based on a determination of their cost of operating those flights and other factors intended to approximate market rates for those services. These capacity purchase agreements are long-term agreements, usually with initial terms of at least 10 years, which grant us the option to extend the initial term. Certain of these agreements provide us the right to terminate the entire agreement, or in some cases remove some of the aircraft from the scope of the agreement, for convenience at certain future dates.

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     Our arrangements with American Eagle, limited to certain flights operated to and from the Los Angeles International Airport, as well as a portion of the flights operated for us by SkyWest Airlines, are structured as revenue proration agreements. These proration agreements establish a fixed dollar or percentage division of revenues for tickets sold to passengers traveling on connecting flight itineraries.
Frequent Flyer Program
     Our SkyMiles® frequent flyer program is designed to retain and increase traveler loyalty by offering incentives to customers to increase travel on Delta. The SkyMiles program allows program members to earn mileage for travel awards by flying on Delta, Delta’s regional carriers and other participating airlines. Mileage credit may also be earned by using certain services offered by program participants, such as credit card companies, hotels, car rental agencies, and telecommunication services. In addition, individuals and companies may purchase mileage credits. We reserve the right to terminate the program with six months advance notice, and to change the program’s terms and conditions at any time without notice.
     SkyMiles program mileage credits can be redeemed for free or upgraded air travel on Delta and participating airlines, for membership in our Delta Sky Clubs® and for other program participant awards. Mileage credits are subject to certain transfer restrictions and travel awards are subject to capacity-controlled seating. Program accounts with no activity for 12 consecutive months after enrollment are deleted. Miles will not expire so long as, at least once every two years, the participant (1) takes a qualifying flight on Delta, a Delta Connection carrier or other participating airlines, (2) earns miles through one of our program participants, (3) buys miles from Delta or (4) redeems miles for any program award.
Cargo
     Through the strength of our global network, our cargo operations are able to connect all of the world’s major freight gateways. We generate cargo revenues in domestic and international markets primarily through the use of cargo space on regularly scheduled passenger aircraft. We are a member of SkyTeam Cargo, a global airline cargo alliance. The alliance, whose other members are Aeromexico Cargo, Air France Cargo, Alitalia Cargo, CSA Czech Airlines Cargo, KLM Cargo and Korean Air Cargo, offers a global network spanning six continents. This alliance offers cargo customers a consistent international product line, and the partners work to jointly improve their efficiency and effectiveness in the marketplace.
MRO
     Our maintenance, repair and overhaul (“MRO”) operations known as Delta TechOps is the largest airline MRO in North America. In addition to providing maintenance and engineering support for our fleet of approximately 800 aircraft, Delta TechOps serves more than 150 aviation and airline customers from around the world. Delta TechOps employs approximately 8,800 maintenance professionals and is one of the most experienced MRO providers in the world.
Fuel
     Our results of operations are significantly impacted by changes in the price and availability of aircraft fuel. The following table shows our aircraft fuel consumption and costs for 2007 through 2009.
                                 
    Gallons           Average   Percentage of
    Consumed(3)   Cost(3)(4)   Price Per   Total Operating
Year   (Millions)   (Millions)   Gallon(3)(4)   Expense(3)
 
2009(1)
    3,853     $ 8,291     $ 2.15       29 %
2008(2)
    2,740     $ 8,686     $ 3.16       38 %(5)
2007
    2,534     $ 5,676     $ 2.24       31 %
 
(1)   Includes Northwest operations for the entire period.
 
(2)   Includes Northwest operations for the period from October 30 to December 31, 2008.
 
(3)   Includes the operations of our contract carriers under capacity purchase agreements.
 
(4)   Net of fuel hedge (losses) gains under our fuel hedging program of $(1.4) billion, $(65) million and $51 million for 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
(5)   Total operating expense for 2008 reflects a $7.3 billion non-cash charge from an impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets and $1.1 billion in primarily non-cash merger-related charges. Including these charges, fuel costs accounted for 28% of total operating expense.

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     Our aircraft fuel purchase contracts do not provide material protection against price increases or assure the availability of our fuel supplies. We purchase most of our aircraft fuel under contracts that establish the price based on various market indices. We also purchase aircraft fuel on the spot market, from off-shore sources and under contracts that permit the refiners to set the price.
     We use derivative instruments, which are comprised of crude oil, heating oil and jet fuel swap, collar and call option contracts, in an effort to manage our exposure to changes in aircraft fuel prices.
     We are currently able to obtain adequate supplies of aircraft fuel, but it is impossible to predict the future availability or price of aircraft fuel. Weather-related events, natural disasters, political disruptions or wars involving oil-producing countries, changes in government policy concerning aircraft fuel production, transportation or marketing, changes in aircraft fuel production capacity, environmental concerns and other unpredictable events may result in fuel supply shortages and fuel price increases in the future.
Competition
     We face significant competition with respect to routes, services and fares. Our domestic routes are subject to competition from both new and existing carriers, some of which have lower costs than we do and provide service at low fares to destinations served by us. In particular, we face significant competition at our hub airports in Atlanta, Cincinnati, Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-JFK, Salt Lake City, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Amsterdam and Tokyo-Narita either directly at those airports or from the hubs of other airlines that compete on a connecting basis. We also face competition in smaller to medium-sized markets from regional jet operators. Our ability to compete effectively depends, in significant part, on our ability to maintain a cost structure that is competitive with other carriers.
     In addition, we compete with foreign carriers for U.S. passengers traveling to international destinations, as well as between foreign points. International marketing alliances formed by domestic and foreign carriers, including the Star Alliance (among United Air Lines, Continental Airlines, Lufthansa German Airlines, Air Canada and others) and the oneworld alliance (among American Airlines, British Airways, Qantas and others) have significantly increased competition in international markets. The adoption of liberalized Open Skies Aviation Agreements with an increasing number of countries around the world, including in particular the Open Skies Treaty with the Member States of the European Union, has accelerated this trend. Japan has reached agreement in principle with the United States on an open skies agreement, contingent upon the successful completion of DOT alliance approval for its carriers. Through marketing and codesharing arrangements with U.S. carriers, foreign carriers have obtained increased access to interior U.S. passenger traffic beyond traditional U.S. gateway cities. Similarly, U.S. carriers have increased their ability to sell international transportation, such as services to and beyond traditional European and Asian gateway cities, through alliances with international carriers.
Regulatory Matters
     The DOT and the Federal Aviation Administration (the “FAA”) exercise regulatory authority over air transportation in the U.S. The DOT has authority to issue certificates of public convenience and necessity required for airlines to provide domestic air transportation. An air carrier that the DOT finds fit to operate is given unrestricted authority to operate domestic air transportation (including the carriage of passengers and cargo). Except for constraints imposed by regulations regarding “Essential Air Services,” which are applicable to certain small communities, airlines may terminate service to a city without restriction.
     The DOT has jurisdiction over certain economic and consumer protection matters, such as unfair or deceptive practices and methods of competition, advertising, denied boarding compensation, baggage liability and disabled passenger transportation. The DOT also has authority to review certain joint venture agreements between major carriers. The FAA has primary responsibility for matters relating to air carrier flight operations, including airline operating certificates, control of navigable air space, flight personnel, aircraft certification and maintenance and other matters affecting air safety.
     Authority to operate international routes and international codesharing arrangements is regulated by the DOT and by the governments of the foreign countries involved. International certificate authorities are also subject to the approval of the U.S. President for conformance with national defense and foreign policy objectives.

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     The Transportation Security Administration and the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, each a division of the Department of Homeland Security, are responsible for certain civil aviation security matters, including passenger and baggage screening at U.S. airports and international passenger prescreening prior to entry into or departure from the U.S.
     Airlines are also subject to various other federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations. For example, the U.S. Department of Justice has jurisdiction over airline competition matters. The U.S. Postal Service has authority over certain aspects of the transportation of mail. Labor relations in the airline industry, as discussed below, are generally governed by the Railway Labor Act. Environmental matters are regulated by various federal, state, local and foreign governmental entities. Privacy of passenger and employee data is regulated by domestic and foreign laws and regulations.
Fares and Rates
     Airlines set ticket prices in all domestic and most international city pairs without governmental regulation, and the industry is characterized by significant price competition. Certain international fares and rates are subject to the jurisdiction of the DOT and the governments of the foreign countries involved. Many of our tickets are sold by travel agents, and fares are subject to commissions, overrides and discounts paid to travel agents, brokers and wholesalers.
Route Authority
     Our flight operations are authorized by certificates of public convenience and necessity and also by exemptions and limited-entry frequency awards issued by the DOT. The requisite approvals of other governments for international operations are controlled by bilateral agreements with, or permits or approvals issued by, foreign countries. Because international air transportation is governed by bilateral or other agreements between the U.S. and the foreign country or countries involved, changes in U.S. or foreign government aviation policies could result in the alteration or termination of such agreements, diminish the value of our international route authorities or otherwise affect our international operations. Bilateral agreements between the U.S. and various foreign countries served by us are subject to renegotiation from time to time. Notably, the U.S. and Japan have begun steps to revise their bilateral agreement.
     Certain of our international route authorities are subject to periodic renewal requirements. We request extension of these authorities when and as appropriate. While the DOT usually renews temporary authorities on routes where the authorized carrier is providing a reasonable level of service, there is no assurance this practice will continue in general or with respect to a specific renewal. Dormant route authority may not be renewed in some cases, especially where another U.S. carrier indicates a willingness to provide service.
Airport Access
     Operations at four major domestic airports and certain foreign airports served by us are regulated by governmental entities through allocations of “slots” or similar regulatory mechanisms which limit the rights of carriers to conduct operations at those airports. Each slot represents the authorization to land at or take off from the particular airport during a specified time period.
     In the U.S., the FAA currently regulates the allocation of slots, slot exemptions, operating authorizations, or similar capacity allocation mechanisms at Reagan National in Washington, D.C., LaGuardia and JFK in New York, and Newark. Our operations at these airports generally require the allocation of slots or analogous regulatory authorities. Similarly, our operations at Tokyo’s Narita Airport, London’s Gatwick and Heathrow airports and other international airports are regulated by local slot coordinators pursuant to the International Air Transport Association’s Worldwide Scheduling Guidelines and applicable local law. We recently filed an application with the DOT to offer customers nonstop service between Tokyo’s Haneda Airport and Seattle, Detroit, Los Angeles and Honolulu. We currently have sufficient slots or analogous authorizations to operate our existing flights, and we have generally been able to obtain the rights to expand our operations and to change our schedules. There is no assurance, however, that we will be able to do so in the future because, among other reasons, such allocations are subject to changes in governmental policies.

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Environmental Matters
     Noise. The Airport Noise and Capacity Act of 1990 recognizes the rights of operators of airports with noise problems to implement local noise abatement programs so long as such programs do not interfere unreasonably with interstate or foreign commerce or the national air transportation system. This statute generally provides that local noise restrictions on Stage 3 aircraft first effective after October 1, 1990, require FAA approval. While we have had sufficient scheduling flexibility to accommodate local noise restrictions in the past, our operations could be adversely impacted if locally-imposed regulations become more restrictive or widespread.
     Emissions. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”) is authorized to regulate aircraft emissions and has historically implemented emissions control standards previously adopted by the International Civil Aviation Organization (“ICAO”). Our aircraft comply with the existing EPA standards as applicable by engine design date. ICAO has adopted additional aircraft engine emissions standards applicable to engines certified after December 31, 2007, but the EPA has not yet proposed a rule that incorporates these new ICAO standards.
     Concern about climate change and greenhouse gases may result in additional regulation of aircraft emissions in the U.S. and abroad. As a result, we may become subject to taxes, charges or additional requirements to obtain permits or purchase allowances or emission credits for greenhouse gas emissions in various jurisdictions, which could result in taxation or permitting requirements from multiple jurisdictions for the same operations. Ongoing discussions between the United States and other nations, including the discussions that resulted in an accord reached at the United Nations Climate Change Conference 2009 in Copenhagen in December 2009, may lead to international treaties focusing on greenhouse gas emissions.
     The European Union has adopted the most significant emissions regulatory system by publishing a directive requiring its member countries to implement regulations including aviation in the European Union’s emissions trading system (“ETS”). Under these regulations, any airline with flights originating or landing in the European Union will be subject to the ETS and, beginning in 2012, may be required to purchase emissions allowances or credits if the airline exceeds the number of free credits allocated to it under the ETS. We expect that such a system would impose significant costs on our operations in the European Union. Under the ETS, each airline is required to file emissions plans with a specific member country. Prior to NWA ceasing existence as a separate entity, we filed emissions plans in Germany (with respect to Delta) and the Netherlands (with respect to NWA) under protest. The Air Transport Association and three U.S. carriers have filed an action in the United Kingdom challenging the legality of the ETS on various grounds; however, airlines will be required to comply with the ETS unless interim relief is granted.
     Cap and trade restrictions have also been proposed in the United States. In addition, other legislative or regulatory action, including by the EPA, to regulate greenhouse gas emissions is possible. In particular, the EPA has found that greenhouse gases threaten the public health and welfare, which could result in regulation of greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft. In the event that legislation or regulation is enacted in the U.S. or in the event similar legislation or regulation is enacted in jurisdictions other than the European Union where we operate or where we may operate in the future, it could result in significant costs for us and the airline industry. At this time, we cannot predict whether any such legislation or regulation would apportion costs between one or more jurisdictions in which we operate flights. Under these systems, certain credits may be available to reduce the costs of permits in order to mitigate the impact of such regulations on consumers, but we cannot predict whether we or the airline industry in general will have access to offsets or credits. We are monitoring and evaluating the potential impact of such legislative and regulatory developments. In addition to direct costs, such regulation may have a greater effect on the airline industry through increases in fuel costs that could result from fuel suppliers passing on increased costs that they incur under such a system.
     We seek to minimize the impact of carbon emissions from our operations through reductions in our fuel consumption and other efforts. We have reduced the fuel needs of our aircraft fleet through the retirement and replacement of certain elements of our fleet and with newer, more fuel efficient aircraft. In addition, we have implemented fuel saving procedures in our flight and ground support operations that further reduce carbon emissions. We are also supporting efforts to develop alternative fuels and efforts to modernize the air traffic control system in the U.S., as part of our efforts to reduce our emissions and minimize our impact on the environment.

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     Other Environmental Matters. We have been identified by the EPA as a potentially responsible party (a “PRP”) with respect to certain Superfund Sites, and have entered into consent decrees regarding some of these sites. Our alleged disposal volume at each of these sites is small when compared to the total contributions of all PRPs at each site. We are aware of soil and/or ground water contamination present on our current or former leaseholds at several domestic airports. To address this contamination, we have a program in place to investigate and, if appropriate, remediate these sites. Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that the resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.
     We are also subject to various other federal, state and local laws governing environmental matters, including the management and disposal of chemicals, waste and hazardous materials, protection of surface and subsurface waters and regulation of air emissions and drinking water.
Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program
     We participate in the Civil Reserve Air Fleet program (the “CRAF Program”), which permits the U.S. military to use the aircraft and crew resources of participating U.S. airlines during airlift emergencies, national emergencies or times of war. We have agreed to make available under the CRAF Program a portion of our international range aircraft from October 1, 2009 until September 30, 2010. As of October 1, 2009, the following numbers of our international range aircraft are available for CRAF activation:
                             
                Number of    
    Description of   International   Aeromedical   Total
    Event Leading to   Passenger   Aircraft   Aircraft by
Stage   Activation   Aircraft Allocated   Allocated   Stage
 
I
  Minor Crisis     11       N/A       11  
II
  Major Theater Conflict     30       25       55  
III
  Total National Mobilization     137       33       170  
 
     The CRAF Program has only been activated twice, both times at the Stage I level, since it was created in 1951.
Employee Matters
Railway Labor Act
     Our relations with labor unions in the U.S. are governed by the Railway Labor Act. Under the Railway Labor Act, a labor union seeking to represent an unrepresented craft or class of employees is required to file with the National Mediation Board (the “NMB”) an application alleging a representation dispute, along with authorization cards signed by at least 35% of the employees in that craft or class. The NMB then investigates the dispute and, if it finds the labor union has obtained a sufficient number of authorization cards, conducts an election to determine whether to certify the labor union as the collective bargaining representative of that craft or class. Under the NMB’s usual rules, a labor union will be certified as the representative of the employees in a craft or class only if more than 50% of those employees vote for union representation. A certified labor union then enters into negotiations toward a collective bargaining agreement with the employer.
     Under the Railway Labor Act, a collective bargaining agreement between an airline and a labor union does not expire, but instead becomes amendable as of a stated date. Either party may request that the NMB appoint a federal mediator to participate in the negotiations for a new or amended agreement. If no agreement is reached in mediation, the NMB may determine, at any time, that an impasse exists and offer binding arbitration. If either party rejects binding arbitration, a 30-day “cooling off” period begins. At the end of this 30-day period, the parties may engage in “self help,” unless the U.S. President appoints a Presidential Emergency Board (“PEB”) to investigate and report on the dispute. The appointment of a PEB maintains the “status quo” for an additional 60 days. If the parties do not reach agreement during this period, the parties may then engage in “self help.” “Self help” includes, among other things, a strike by the union or the imposition of proposed changes to the collective bargaining agreement by the airline. Congress and the President have the authority to prevent “self help” by enacting legislation that, among other things, imposes a settlement on the parties.

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Collective Bargaining
     As of December 31, 2009, we had 81,106 full-time equivalent employees. Approximately 39% of these employees were represented by unions, including the following domestic employee groups.
                     
    Approximate        
    Number of Active       Date on which Collective
    Employees       Bargaining Agreement
Employee Group   Represented   Union   Becomes Amendable
 
Delta Pilots
    10,790     ALPA   December 31, 2012
Delta Flight Superintendents (Dispatchers)
    318     PAFCA   December 31, 2013
Pre-merger NWA Fleet Service, Passenger Service, and Office/Clerical
    9,407     IAM   December 31, 2010
Pre-merger NWA Simulator Technicians
    38     IAM   December 31, 2010
Pre-merger NWA Stock Clerks
    242     IAM   December 31, 2010
Pre-merger NWA Flight Attendants
    5,970     AFA-CWA   December 31, 2011
Comair Pilots
    1,314     ALPA   March 2, 2011
Comair Maintenance Employees
    400     IAM   December 31, 2010
Comair Flight Attendants
    764     IBT   December 31, 2010
Compass Pilots
    373     ALPA   April 10, 2013
Mesaba Pilots
    1,019     ALPA   June 1, 2012
Mesaba Flight Attendants
    623     AFA-CWA   May 31, 2012
Mesaba Mechanics and Related Employees
    353     AMFA   May 31, 2012
Mesaba Dispatchers
    28     TWU   May 31, 2012
 
     Labor unions periodically engage in organizing efforts to represent various groups of our employees, including at our airline subsidiaries, that are not represented for collective bargaining purposes.
     Integration of a number of the workgroups (including pilots and aircraft maintenance technicians) has been successfully completed. Completion of the integration of certain workgroups (including flight attendants, airport employees and reservations employees) will require the resolution of representation issues. We cannot predict when these representation issues will be resolved. However, as a result of our obtaining a single operating certificate from the FAA, completing the merger of the NWA reservations system into Delta’s system, and the merger of NWA into Delta, we believe we can achieve many of the synergies of integrating the pre-merger Northwest operations into Delta’s before the remaining employee representation issues are resolved.
     Under procedures that have been utilized by the NMB, each labor union that represented U.S.-based employees at pre-merger Delta or NWA, as well as other groups of employees with a sufficient showing of interest, may invoke the NMB’s jurisdiction to address representation issues arising from the merger. Once its jurisdiction is invoked, the NMB’s rules call for it to first determine whether the airlines have combined or will combine to form a single carrier. On January 7, 2009, the NMB ruled that Delta and NWA constitute a single transportation system for representation purposes under the Railway Labor Act in response to applications filed by certain of the pre-merger unions at Delta and NWA.
     The NMB has utilized certain procedures to address and resolve representation issues arising from airline mergers which generally have included the following:
    Where employees in the same craft or class at the two carriers are represented by the same union, that union will be certified to represent the combined group, without an election.

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    Where employees in the same craft or class at the two carriers have different representation status—either they are represented by different unions or one group is represented by a union and the other is not—the NMB’s rules provide for a representation election among the combined employee groups if the groups are “comparable” in size. In general, the NMB has considered two groups to be comparable in size if the smaller group is at least 35% of the combined group. If the representation election results in the combined group not being represented by a union, the collective bargaining agreement covering the group that had previously been unionized will terminate.
 
    If the two groups are not comparable in size, the smaller group will be folded into and have the same representation status as the larger group. Even where the two groups are not comparable in size, the smaller group can still obtain an election if, within 14 days after the NMB’s single carrier determination with respect to that group, the smaller group submits a showing of interest from at least 35% of the combined group. The showing of interest can consist of authorization cards as well as the seniority list of the smaller group, if the smaller group had been represented by a union.
     Based upon these procedures, representation and related issues have been resolved in U.S.-based workgroups represented by six of the eight labor unions at Delta and NWA pre-merger. The NMB recently issued a formal proposal to change the voting rules for representation elections in the airline industry to provide that a majority of votes cast (rather than a majority of votes eligible to be cast) is necessary to certify a union to represent a craft or class of employees. Concurrent with the NMB’s proposal, the two remaining pre-merger NWA unions, the Association of Flight Attendants-CWA, which represented flight attendants at pre-merger NWA, and the International Association of Machinists, which represented various categories of ground employees at pre-merger NWA, withdrew applications that they had filed with the National Mediation Board to resolve post-merger representation issues at Delta. While it is unclear when representation issues will be resolved in those workgroups, we are proceeding with a substantial portion of our operational integration.
     If a labor union is certified to represent a combined group post-merger, the terms and conditions of employment of the combined work group ultimately will be subject to negotiations toward a joint collective bargaining agreement. Completing joint collective bargaining agreements covering combined work groups that choose to be represented by a labor union could take significant time, which could delay or impede our ability to achieve targeted synergies from the merger.
     With respect to integration of seniority lists, where the two employee groups in a craft or class have different representation status, federal law requires that seniority integration be governed by the procedures first issued by the Civil Aeronautics Board in the Allegheny-Mohawk merger—known as the Allegheny-Mohawk Labor Protective Provisions. In general, Allegheny-Mohawk Labor Protective Provisions require that seniority be integrated in a “fair and equitable” manner and that any disputes not resolved by negotiations may be submitted to binding arbitration by a neutral arbitrator. This requirement is consistent with the seniority protection policy that has been adopted by the Delta board of directors. Where both groups are represented by the same union prior to the merger, seniority integration is governed by the union’s bylaws and policies. The integration of the seniority lists of the pilots of Delta and NWA as well as flight dispatchers, meteorologists and aircraft maintenance technicians and related Technical Operations employees have been resolved.
Executive Officers
     Richard H. Anderson, Age 54: Chief Executive Officer of Delta since September 1, 2007; Executive Vice President of UnitedHealth Group and President of its Commercial Services Group (December 2006—August 2007); Executive Vice President of UnitedHealth Group (November 2004—December 2006); Chief Executive Officer of Northwest (2001—November 2004).
     Edward H. Bastian, Age 52: President of Delta since September 1, 2007; President of Delta and Chief Executive Officer NWA (October 2008—December 2009); President and Chief Financial Officer of Delta (September 2007—October 2008); Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Delta (July 2005—September 2007); Chief Financial Officer, Acuity Brands (June 2005—July 2005); Senior Vice President—Finance and Controller of Delta (2000—April 2005); Vice President and Controller of Delta (1998—2000).
     Michael J. Becker, Age 48: Executive Vice President of Delta since October 2008; Executive Vice President of Delta and Chief Operating Officer NWA (October 2008—December 2009); Senior Vice President of Human Resources and Labor Relations of Northwest (May 2005—October 2008); Senior Vice President—Human Resources of Northwest (August 2001 to May 2005); Vice President—International of Northwest (2000—August 2001).

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     Michael H. Campbell, Age 61: Executive Vice President—HR & Labor Relations of Delta since October 2008; Executive Vice President—HR, Labor & Communications of Delta (December 2007—October 2008); Executive Vice President—Human Resources and Labor Relations of Delta (July 2006—December 2007); Of Counsel, Ford & Harrison (January 2005—July 2006); Senior Vice President—Human Resources and Labor Relations, Continental Airlines, Inc. (1997—2004); Partner, Ford & Harrison (1978—1996).
     Stephen E. Gorman, Age 54: Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Delta since October 2008; Executive Vice President—Operations of Delta (December 2007-October 2008); President and Chief Executive Officer of Greyhound Lines, Inc. (June 2003—October 2007); President, North America and Executive Vice President Operations Support at Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc. (August 2001—June 2003); Executive Vice President, Technical Operations and Flight Operations of Northwest (February 2001—August 2001), Senior Vice President, Technical Operations of Northwest (January 1999—February 2001), and Vice President, Engine Maintenance Operations of Northwest (April 1996—January 1999).
     Glen W. Hauenstein, Age 49: Executive Vice President—Network Planning and Revenue Management of Delta since April 2006; Executive Vice President and Chief of Network and Revenue Management of Delta (August 2005—April 2006); Vice General Director—Chief Commercial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of Alitalia (2003—2005); Senior Vice President—Network of Continental Airlines (2003); Senior Vice President—Scheduling of Continental Airlines (2001— 2003); Vice President Scheduling of Continental Airlines (1998—2001).
     Hank Halter, Age 45: Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Delta since October 2008; Senior Vice President—Finance and Controller of Delta (May 2005—October 2008); Vice President—Controller of Delta (March 2005—May 2005); Vice President—Assistant Controller of Delta (January 2002—March 2005); and Vice President—Finance—Operations of Delta (February 2000—December 2001); various finance leadership positions at Delta and American Airlines, Inc. (June 1993—February 2000).
     Richard B. Hirst, Age 65: Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Delta since October 2008; Senior Vice President—Corporate Affairs and General Counsel of Northwest (March 2008— October 2008); Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer of KB Home (March 2004— November 2006); Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Burger King Corporation (March 2001—June 2003); General Counsel of the Minnesota Twins (1999—2000); Senior Vice President—Corporate Affairs of Northwest (1994—1999); Senior Vice President—General Counsel of Northwest (1990—1994); Vice President—General Counsel and Secretary of Continental Airlines (1986—1990).
Additional Information
     We make available free of charge on our website our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after these reports are filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Information on our website is not incorporated into this Form 10-K or our other securities filings and is not a part of those filings.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Risk Factors Relating to Delta
Our business and results of operations are dependent on the price and availability of aircraft fuel. High fuel costs or cost increases could have a materially adverse effect on our operating results. Likewise, significant disruptions in the supply of aircraft fuel would materially adversely affect our operations and operating results.
     Our operating results are significantly impacted by changes in the price and availability of aircraft fuel. Fuel prices have increased substantially since the middle part of the last decade and spiked at record high levels in 2008 before falling dramatically during the latter part of 2008. In 2009, our average fuel price per gallon was $2.15. In 2008, our average fuel price per gallon was $3.16, a 41% increase from an average price of $2.24 in 2007, which in turn was significantly higher than fuel prices just a few years earlier. Fuel costs represented 29%, 38%, and 31% of our operating expense in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Total operating expense for 2008 reflects a $7.3 billion non-cash charge from an impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets and $1.1 billion in primarily non-cash merger-related charges. Including these charges, fuel costs accounted for 28% of total operating expense in 2008. Fuel costs have had a significant negative effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
     Our ability to pass along the increased costs of fuel to our customers is limited by the competitive nature of the airline industry. We often have not been able to increase our fares to offset the effect of increased fuel costs in the past and we may not be able to do so in the future.
     In addition, our aircraft fuel purchase contracts do not provide material protection against price increases or assure the availability of our fuel supplies. We purchase most of our aircraft fuel under contracts that establish the price based on various market indices. We also purchase aircraft fuel on the spot market, from offshore sources and under contracts that permit the refiners to set the price. In an effort to manage our exposure to changes in fuel prices, we use derivative instruments, which are comprised of crude oil, heating oil and jet fuel swap, collar and call option contracts, though we may not be able to successfully manage this exposure. Depending on the type of hedging instrument used, our ability to benefit from declines in fuel prices may be limited.
     We are currently able to obtain adequate supplies of aircraft fuel, but it is impossible to predict the future availability or price of aircraft fuel. Weather-related events, natural disasters, political disruptions or wars involving oil-producing countries, changes in governmental policy concerning aircraft fuel production, transportation or marketing, changes in aircraft fuel production capacity, environmental concerns and other unpredictable events may result in additional fuel supply shortages and fuel price increases in the future. Additional increases in fuel costs or disruptions in fuel supplies could have additional negative effects on us.
The global economic recession has resulted in weaker demand for air travel and may create challenges for us that could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
     As the effects of the global economic recession have been felt in our domestic and international markets, we have experienced significantly weaker demand for air travel. Our demand began to slow during the December 2008 quarter and global economic conditions in 2009 substantially reduced U.S. airline industry revenues in 2009 compared to 2008. As a result, we reduced our consolidated capacity by 6% in 2009 compared to the combined capacity of Delta and Northwest during 2008. Demand for air travel could remain weak if an economic recovery is slow or even fall further if a recession returns, and overall demand could fall lower than we are able prudently to reduce capacity. The weakness in the United States and international economies is having a significant negative impact on our results of operations and could continue to have a significant negative impact on our future results of operations.
The global financial crisis may have an impact on our business and financial condition in ways that we currently cannot predict.
     The credit crisis and related turmoil in the global financial system has had and may continue to have an impact on our business and our financial condition. In particular, the financial crisis and economic downturn resulted in broadly lower investment asset returns and values, including in the defined benefit pension plans that we sponsor for eligible employees and

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retirees. As of December 31, 2009, the defined benefit pension plans had an estimated benefit obligation of approximately $17.0 billion and were funded through assets with a value of approximately $7.6 billion. We estimate that our funding requirements for our defined benefit pension plans, which are governed by ERISA and have been frozen for future accruals, are approximately $720 million in 2010. The significant level of required funding is due primarily to the decline in the investment markets in 2008, which negatively affected the value of our pension assets. Estimates of pension plan funding requirements can vary materially from actual funding requirements because the estimates are based on various assumptions concerning factors outside our control, including, among other things, the market performance of assets; statutory requirements; and demographic data for participants, including the number of participants and the rate of participant attrition. Results that vary significantly from our assumptions could have a material impact on our future funding obligations.
Our obligation to post collateral in connection with our fuel hedge contracts may have a substantial impact on our short-term liquidity.
     Under fuel hedge contracts that we may enter into from time to time, counterparties to those contracts may require us to fund the margin associated with any loss position on the contracts. For example, at December 31, 2008, our counterparties required us to fund $1.2 billion of fuel hedge margin. However, at December 31, 2009, counterparties were required to fund us a net $10 million. If fuel prices fall significantly below the levels at the time we enter into hedging contracts, we may be required to post a significant amount of collateral, which could have an impact on the level of our unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.
Our substantial indebtedness may limit our financial and operating activities and may adversely affect our ability to incur additional debt to fund future needs.
     We have substantial indebtedness, which could:
    require us to dedicate a substantial portion of cash flow from operations to the payment of principal and interest on indebtedness, thereby reducing the funds available for operations and future business opportunities;
 
    make it more difficult for us to satisfy our payment and other obligations under our indebtedness;
 
    limit our ability to borrow additional money for working capital, restructurings, capital expenditures, research and development, investments, acquisitions or other purposes, if needed, and increasing the cost of any of these borrowings;
 
    make us more vulnerable to economic downturns, adverse industry conditions or catastrophic external events;
 
    limit our ability to withstand competitive pressures;
 
    reduce our flexibility in planning for or responding to changing business and economic conditions; and/or
 
    limit our flexibility in responding to changing business and economic conditions, including increased competition and demand for new services, placing us at a disadvantage when compared to our competitors that have less debt, and making us more vulnerable than our competitors who have less debt to a downturn in our business, industry or the economy in general.
     In addition, a substantial level of indebtedness, particularly because substantially all of our assets are currently subject to liens, could limit our ability to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms or at all for working capital, capital expenditures and general corporate purposes. We have historically had substantial liquidity needs in the operation of our business. These liquidity needs could vary significantly and may be affected by general economic conditions, industry trends, performance and many other factors not within our control.

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Agreements governing our debt, including credit agreements and indentures, include financial and other covenants that impose restrictions on our financial and business operations.
     Our credit facilities and indentures for secured notes have various financial and other covenants that require us to maintain, depending on the particular agreement, minimum fixed charge coverage ratios, minimum unrestricted cash reserves and/or minimum collateral coverage ratios. The value of the collateral that has been pledged in each facility may change over time, including due to factors that are not under our control, resulting in a situation where we may not be able to maintain the collateral coverage ratio. In addition, the credit facilities and indentures contain other negative covenants customary for such financings. If we fail to comply with these covenants and are unable to obtain a waiver or amendment, an event of default would result. These covenants are subject to important exceptions and qualifications.
     The credit facilities and indentures also contain other events of default customary for such financings. If an event of default were to occur, the lenders or the trustee could, among other things, declare outstanding amounts due and payable, and our cash may become restricted. We cannot provide assurance that we would have sufficient liquidity to repay or refinance the borrowings or notes under any of the credit facilities if such amounts were accelerated upon an event of default. In addition, an event of default or declaration of acceleration under any of the credit facilities or the indentures could also result in an event of default under other of our financing agreements.
Employee strikes and other labor-related disruptions may adversely affect our operations.
     Our business is labor intensive, utilizing large numbers of pilots, flight attendants and other personnel. As of December 31, 2009, approximately 39% of our workforce was unionized. Strikes or labor disputes with our unionized employees may adversely affect our ability to conduct business. Relations between air carriers and labor unions in the United States are governed by the Railway Labor Act, which provides that a collective bargaining agreement between an airline and a labor union does not expire, but instead becomes amendable as of a stated date. The Railway Labor Act generally prohibits strikes or other types of self-help actions both before and after a collective bargaining agreement becomes amendable, unless and until the collective bargaining processes required by the Railway Labor Act have been exhausted.
     In addition, if we or our affiliates are unable to reach agreement with any of our unionized work groups on future negotiations regarding the terms of their collective bargaining agreements or if additional segments of our workforce become unionized, we may be subject to work interruptions or stoppages, subject to the requirements of the Railway Labor Act. Likewise, if third party regional carriers with whom we have contract carrier agreements are unable to reach agreement with their unionized work groups on current or future negotiations regarding the terms of their collective bargaining agreements, those carriers may be subject to work interruptions or stoppages, subject to the requirements of the Railway Labor Act, which could have a negative impact on our operations.
The ability to realize fully the anticipated benefits of our merger with Northwest may depend on the successful integration of the businesses of Delta and Northwest.
     Our merger with Northwest involved the combination of two companies which operated as independent public companies prior to the merger. We are devoting significant attention and resources to integrating our business practices and operations in order to achieve the benefits of the merger, including expected synergies. If we are unable to integrate our business practices and operations in a manner that allows us to achieve the anticipated revenue and cost synergies, or if achievement of such synergies takes longer or costs more than expected, the anticipated benefits of the merger may not be realized fully or at all or may take longer to realize than expected. In addition, it is possible that the integration process could result in the loss of key employees, diversion of management’s attention, the disruption or interruption of, or the loss of momentum in our ongoing businesses or inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies, any of which could adversely affect our ability to maintain relationships with customers and employees or our ability to achieve the anticipated benefits of the merger, or could reduce our earnings or otherwise adversely affect our business and financial results. We expect to incur total cash costs of approximately $500 million over approximately three years to integrate the two airlines.

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Completion of the integration of the Delta and NWA workforces may present significant challenges.
     The successful integration of the pre-merger Northwest operations into Delta and achievement of the anticipated benefits of the combination depend significantly on integrating the pre-merger Delta and NWA employee groups and on maintaining productive employee relations. While integration of a number of the workgroups (including pilots and aircraft maintenance technicians) has been successfully completed, completion of the integration of certain workgroups (including flight attendants, airport employees and reservations employees) of the two pre-merger airlines will require the resolution of potentially difficult issues, including but not limited to the process and timing for determining whether the combined post-merger workgroups wish to have union representation. Unexpected delay, expense or other challenges to integrating the workforces could impact the expected synergies from the merger and affect our financial performance.
Interruptions or disruptions in service at one of our hub airports could have a material adverse impact on our operations.
     Our business is heavily dependent on our operations at the Atlanta airport and at our other hub airports in Cincinnati, Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-JFK, Salt Lake City, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Amsterdam and Tokyo-Narita. Each of these hub operations includes flights that gather and distribute traffic from markets in the geographic region surrounding the hub to other major cities and to other Delta hubs. A significant interruption or disruption in service at the Atlanta airport or at one of our other hubs could have a serious impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are increasingly dependent on technology in our operations, and if our technology fails or we are unable to continue to invest in new technology or integrate the systems and technologies of Delta and Northwest, our business may be adversely affected.
     We have become increasingly dependent on technology initiatives to reduce costs and to enhance customer service in order to compete in the current business environment. For example, we have made significant investments in delta.com, check-in kiosks and related initiatives. The performance and reliability of the technology are critical to our ability to attract and retain customers and our ability to compete effectively. These initiatives will continue to require significant capital investments in our technology infrastructure. If we are unable to make these investments, our business and operations could be negatively affected. In addition, we may face challenges associated with integrating complex systems and technologies that supported the separate operations of Delta and Northwest. If we are unable to manage these challenges effectively, our business and results of operations could be negatively affected.
     In addition, any internal technology error or failure or large scale external interruption in technology infrastructure we depend on, such as power, telecommunications or the internet, may disrupt our technology network. Any individual, sustained or repeated failure of technology could impact our customer service and result in increased costs. Our technology systems and related data may be vulnerable to a variety of sources of interruption due to events beyond our control, including natural disasters, terrorist attacks, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, hackers and other security issues. While we have in place, and continue to invest in, technology security initiatives and disaster recovery plans, these measures may not be adequate or implemented properly to prevent a business disruption and its adverse financial consequences to our business.
If we experience losses of senior management personnel and other key employees, our operating results could be adversely affected.
     We are dependent on the experience and industry knowledge of our officers and other key employees to execute our business plans. If we experience a substantial turnover in our leadership and other key employees, our performance could be materially adversely impacted. Furthermore, we may be unable to attract and retain additional qualified executives as needed in the future.

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Our credit card processors have the ability to take significant holdbacks in certain circumstances. The initiation of such holdbacks likely would have a material adverse effect on our liquidity.
     Most of the tickets we sell are paid for by customers who use credit cards. Our credit card processing agreements provide that no holdback of receivables or reserve is required except in certain circumstances, including if we do not maintain a required level of unrestricted cash. If circumstances were to occur that would allow American Express or our Visa/MasterCard processor to initiate a holdback, the negative impact on our liquidity likely would be material.
We are at risk of losses and adverse publicity stemming from any accident involving our aircraft.
     An aircraft crash or other accident could expose us to significant tort liability. The insurance we carry to cover damages arising from any future accidents may be inadequate. In the event that the insurance is not adequate, we may be forced to bear substantial losses from an accident. In addition, any accident involving an aircraft that we operate or an aircraft that is operated by an airline that is one of our codeshare partners could create a public perception that our aircraft are not safe or reliable, which could harm our reputation, result in air travelers being reluctant to fly on our aircraft and harm our business.
Our ability to use net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income for U.S. federal income tax purposes is subject to limitation.
     In general, under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” is subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its pre-change net operating losses (“NOLs”), to offset future taxable income. In general, an ownership change occurs if the aggregate stock ownership of certain stockholders (generally 5% shareholders, applying certain look-through rules) increases by more than 50 percentage points over such stockholders’ lowest percentage ownership during the testing period (generally three years).
     As of December 31, 2009, Delta reported a consolidated federal and state NOL carryforward of approximately $17.3 billion. Both Delta and Northwest experienced an ownership change in 2007 as a result of their respective plans of reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. As a result of the merger, Northwest experienced a subsequent ownership change. Delta also experienced a subsequent ownership change on December 17, 2008 as a result of the merger, the issuance of equity to employees in connection with the merger and other transactions involving the sale of our common stock within the testing period.
     The Delta and Northwest ownership changes resulting from the merger could limit the ability to utilize pre-change NOLs that were not subject to limitation, and could further limit the ability to utilize NOLs that were already subject to limitation. Limitations imposed on the ability to use NOLs to offset future taxable income could cause U.S. federal income taxes to be paid earlier than otherwise would be paid if such limitations were not in effect and could cause such NOLs to expire unused, in each case reducing or eliminating the benefit of such NOLs. Similar rules and limitations may apply for state income tax purposes. NOLs generated subsequent to December 17, 2008 are not limited.
Our merger with Northwest affects the comparability of our historical financial results.
     On October 29, 2008, a subsidiary of Delta merged with and into Northwest. Our historical financial results under GAAP include the results of Northwest for periods after October 29, 2008, but not for periods before October 29, 2008. Accordingly, while our financial results for the year ended December 31, 2009 include the results of Northwest for the entire period, our financial results for the year ended December 31, 2008 include the results of Northwest only for the period from October 30 to December 31, 2008. This complicates your ability to compare our results of operations and financial condition for periods that include Northwest’s results with periods that do not.

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Risk Factors Relating to the Airline Industry
The airline industry is highly competitive and, if we cannot successfully compete in the marketplace, our business, financial condition and operating results will be materially adversely affected.
     We face significant competition with respect to routes, services and fares. Our domestic routes are subject to competition from both new and established carriers, some of which have lower costs than we do and provide service at low fares to destinations served by us. In particular, we face significant competition at our hub airports in Atlanta, Cincinnati, Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-JFK, Salt Lake City, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Amsterdam and Tokyo-Narita either directly at those airports or at the hubs of other airlines that are located in close proximity to our hubs. We also face competition in smaller to medium-sized markets from regional jet operators.
     Low-cost carriers, including Southwest, AirTran and JetBlue, have placed significant competitive pressure on us in the United States and on other network carriers in the domestic market. In addition, other network carriers have also significantly reduced their costs over the last several years. Our ability to compete effectively depends, in part, on our ability to maintain a competitive cost structure. If we cannot maintain our costs at a competitive level, then our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected. In light of increased jet fuel costs and other issues in recent years, we expect consolidation to occur in the airline industry. As a result of consolidation, we may face significant competition from larger carriers that may be able to generate higher amounts of revenue and compete more efficiently.
     In addition, we compete with foreign carriers, both on interior U.S. routes, due to marketing and codesharing arrangements, and in international markets. Through marketing and codesharing arrangements with U.S. carriers, foreign carriers have obtained access to interior U.S. passenger traffic. Similarly, U.S. carriers have increased their ability to sell international transportation, such as transatlantic services to and beyond European cities, through alliances with international carriers. International marketing alliances formed by domestic and foreign carriers, including the Star Alliance (among United Airlines, Continental, Lufthansa German Airlines and others) and the oneworld Alliance (among American Airlines, British Airways and others) have also significantly increased competition in international markets. The adoption of liberalized Open Skies Aviation Agreements with an increasing number of countries around the world, including in particular the Open Skies agreement between the United States and the Member States of the European Union, has accelerated this trend. Similarly, the recent Open Skies agreement between the United States and Japan could significantly increase competition among carriers serving those markets.
The rapid spread of contagious illnesses can have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
     The rapid spread of a contagious illness, such as the H1N1 flu virus, can have a material adverse effect on the demand for worldwide air travel and therefore have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Acceleration of the spread of H1N1 during the flu season in the Northern Hemisphere could have a significant adverse impact on the demand for air travel and as a result our financial results in addition to the impact that we experienced during the spring of 2009. Moreover, our operations could be negatively affected if employees are quarantined as the result of exposure to a contagious illness. Similarly, travel restrictions or operational problems resulting from the rapid spread of contagious illnesses in any part of the world in which we operate may have a materially adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
Terrorist attacks or international hostilities may adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.
     The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 caused fundamental and permanent changes in the airline industry, including substantial revenue declines and cost increases, which resulted in industry-wide liquidity issues. Additional terrorist attacks or fear of such attacks, even if not made directly on the airline industry, could negatively affect us and the airline industry. The potential negative effects include increased security, insurance and other costs and lost revenue from increased ticket refunds and decreased ticket sales. Our financial resources might not be sufficient to absorb the adverse effects of any further terrorist attacks or other international hostilities involving the United States.

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The airline industry is subject to extensive government regulation, and new regulations may increase our operating costs.
     Airlines are subject to extensive regulatory and legal compliance requirements that result in significant costs. For instance, the FAA from time to time issues directives and other regulations relating to the maintenance and operation of aircraft that necessitate significant expenditures. We expect to continue incurring expenses to comply with the FAA’s regulations.
     Other laws, regulations, taxes and airport rates and charges have also been imposed from time to time that significantly increase the cost of airline operations or reduce revenues. For example, the Aviation and Transportation Security Act, which became law in November 2001, mandates the federalization of certain airport security procedures and imposes additional security requirements on airports and airlines, most of which are funded by a per ticket tax on passengers and a tax on airlines. The federal government has on several occasions proposed a significant increase in the per ticket tax. The proposed ticket tax increase, if implemented, could negatively impact our results of operations.
     Proposals to address congestion issues at certain airports or in certain airspace, particularly in the Northeast United States, have included concepts such as “congestion-based” landing fees, “slot auctions” or other alternatives that could impose a significant cost on the airlines operating in those airports or airspace and impact the ability of those airlines to respond to competitive actions by other airlines. Furthermore, events related to extreme weather delays have caused Congress and the DOT to consider proposals related to airlines’ handling of lengthy flight delays during extreme weather conditions. The recent enactment of such a regulation by the DOT could have a negative impact on our operations in certain circumstances.
     Future regulatory action concerning climate change and aircraft emissions could have a significant effect on the airline industry. For example, the European Commission has adopted an emissions trading scheme applicable to all flights operating in the European Union, including flights to and from the United States. We expect that such a system will impose significant costs on our operations in the European Union. Other laws or regulations such as this emissions trading scheme or other U.S. or foreign governmental actions may adversely affect our operations and financial results, either through direct costs in our operations or through increases in costs for jet fuel that could result from jet fuel suppliers passing on increased costs that they incur under such a system.
     We and other U.S. carriers are subject to domestic and foreign laws regarding privacy of passenger and employee data that are not consistent in all countries in which we operate. In addition to the heightened level of concern regarding privacy of passenger data in the United States, certain European government agencies are initiating inquiries into airline privacy practices. Compliance with these regulatory regimes is expected to result in additional operating costs and could impact our operations and any future expansion.
Our insurance costs have increased substantially as a result of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, and further increases in insurance costs or reductions in coverage could have a material adverse impact on our business and operating results.
     As a result of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, aviation insurers significantly reduced the maximum amount of insurance coverage available to commercial air carriers for liability to persons (other than employees or passengers) for claims resulting from acts of terrorism, war or similar events. At the same time, aviation insurers significantly increased the premiums for such coverage and for aviation insurance in general. Since September 24, 2001, the U.S. government has been providing U.S. airlines with war-risk insurance to cover losses, including those resulting from terrorism, to passengers, third parties (ground damage) and the aircraft hull. The coverage currently extends through August 31, 2010. The withdrawal of government support of airline war-risk insurance would require us to obtain war-risk insurance coverage commercially, if available. Such commercial insurance could have substantially less desirable coverage than that currently provided by the U.S. government, may not be adequate to protect our risk of loss from future acts of terrorism, may result in a material increase to our operating expenses or may not be obtainable at all, resulting in an interruption to our operations.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
     None.

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Flight Equipment
     Our active aircraft fleet at December 31, 2009 is summarized in the following table:
                                         
    Current Fleet    
            Capital   Operating           Average
Aircraft Type   Owned   Lease   Lease   Total   Age
           
Passenger Aircraft:
                                       
B-737-700
    10                   10       0.9  
B-737-800
    71                   71       9.2  
B-747-400
    4             12       16       16.1  
B-757-200
    89       36       40       165       16.9  
B-757-300
    16                   16       6.8  
B-767-300
    4             10       14       18.4  
B-767-300ER
    47             9       56       13.6  
B-767-400ER
    21                   21       8.8  
B-777-200ER
    8                   8       9.9  
B-777-200LR
    8                   8       1.0  
A319-100
    55             2       57       7.9  
A320-200
    41             28       69       14.8  
A330-200
    11                   11       4.8  
A330-300
    20                   20       4.3  
MD-88
    62       44       10       116       19.5  
MD-90
    16                   16       14.1  
DC-9
    66                   66       37.9  
CRJ-100
    21       13       36       70       12.4  
CRJ-200
    2             25       27       7.1  
CRJ-700
    15                   15       6.1  
CRJ-900
    54                   54       1.9  
SAAB 340B+
                41       41       11.9  
EMB 175
    36                   36       1.7  
           
Total
    677       93       213       983       13.6  
 
     The above table:
    Excludes all grounded aircraft, including 10 B-757-200, 10 B-747-200F, eight SAAB 340B+, four B-767-300, four CRJ-100, two CRJ-200, one A330-300, one B-767-300ER, one DC-9 and one MD-88 aircraft, which were grounded during the year ended December 31, 2009; and
 
    Excludes aircraft flown by our third party contract carriers. For additional information, see Note 8 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Aircraft Commitments
     Future purchase commitments for aircraft as of December 31, 2009 are estimated to total approximately $1.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010. Approximately $800 million of the $1.1 billion is associated with the purchase of 20 B-737-800 aircraft for which we have entered into definitive agreements to sell to third parties immediately following delivery of those aircraft to us by the manufacturer. We have not received any notice that these parties have defaulted on their purchase obligations. The remaining commitments relate to the purchase of two B-777-200LR aircraft, two B-737-800 aircraft and 11 previously owned MD-90 aircraft. We have no aircraft purchase commitments after December 31, 2010.

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     As of December 31, 2009, we have financing commitments from third parties or, with respect to 20 of the 22 B-737-800 aircraft referred to above, definitive agreements to sell, all aircraft subject to purchase commitments, except for nine of the 11 previously owned MD-90 aircraft. Under these financing commitments, third parties have agreed to finance on a long-term basis a substantial portion of the purchase price of the covered aircraft.
     Our aircraft purchase commitments described above do not include our orders for:
    18 B-787-8 aircraft. The Boeing Company (“Boeing”) has informed us that Boeing will be unable to meet the contractual delivery schedule for these aircraft. We are in discussions with Boeing regarding this situation.
 
    five A319-100 aircraft and two A320-200 aircraft. We have the right to cancel these orders.
Aircraft on Option
     Our options to purchase additional aircraft as of December 31, 2009 are shown in the following table:
                                                         
    Delivery in Calendar Years Ending
                                    After           Rolling
Aircraft on Option(1)   2010   2011   2012   2013   2013   Total   Options
               
B-737-800
          20       24       16             60       102  
B-767-300ER
                      1       4       5        
B-767-400
          1       1       2       7       11        
B-777-200LR
          2       6       4       8       20       10  
EMB 175
          4       18       14             36        
               
Total
          27       49       37       19       132       112  
 
(1)   Aircraft options have scheduled delivery slots, while rolling options replace options and are assigned delivery slots as options expire or are exercised.
Ground Facilities
     We lease most of the land and buildings that we occupy. Our largest aircraft maintenance base, various computer, cargo, flight kitchen and training facilities and most of our principal offices are located at or near the Atlanta airport, on land leased from the City of Atlanta generally under long-term leases. We own our Atlanta reservations center, other real property in Atlanta and the former NWA headquarters building and flight training buildings, which are located near the Minneapolis/St. Paul International Airport. Other owned facilities include reservations centers in Tampa, Florida, Minot, North Dakota and Chisholm, Minnesota, and a data processing center in Eagan, Minnesota. We also own property in Tokyo, including a 1.3-acre site in downtown Tokyo and a 33-acre land parcel, 512-room hotel and flight kitchen located near Tokyo’s Narita International Airport.
     We lease ticket counter and other terminal space, operating areas and air cargo facilities in most of the airports that we serve. At most airports, we have entered into use agreements which provide for the non-exclusive use of runways, taxiways, and other improvements and facilities; landing fees under these agreements normally are based on the number of landings and weight of aircraft. These leases and use agreements generally run for periods of less than one year to 30 years or more, and often contain provisions for periodic adjustments of lease rates, landing fees and other charges applicable under that type of agreement. Examples of major leases and use agreements at hub or other significant airports that will expire in the next few years include, among others: (1) our Salt Lake City International Airport use and lease agreement, which expires in 2010; and (2) our Memphis International Airport use and lease agreement, which expires in 2010. We also lease aircraft maintenance facilities and air cargo facilities at certain airports, including, among others: (1) our main Atlanta maintenance base; (2) our Atlanta air cargo facilities and our hangar and air cargo facilities at the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, Salt Lake City International Airport, Detroit Metropolitan International Airport, Minneapolis/St. Paul International Airport and Seattle-Tacoma International Airport. Our aircraft maintenance facility leases generally require us to pay the cost of providing, operating and maintaining such facilities, including, in some cases, amounts necessary to pay debt service on special facility bonds issued to finance their construction. We also lease marketing, ticketing and reservations offices in certain locations for varying terms.

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     In recent years, some airports have increased or sought to increase the rates charged to airlines to levels that we believe are unreasonable. The extent to which such charges are limited by statute or regulation and the ability of airlines to contest such charges has been subject to litigation and to administrative proceedings before the DOT. If the limitations on such charges are relaxed, or the ability of airlines to challenge such proposed rate increases is restricted, the rates charged by airports to airlines may increase substantially.
     The City of Atlanta is currently implementing portions of a 10 year capital improvement program (the “CIP”) at the Atlanta airport. Implementation of the CIP should increase the number of flights that may operate at the airport and reduce flight delays. The CIP includes, among other things, a 9,000 foot full-service runway that opened in May 2006, related airfield improvements, additional terminal and gate capacity, new cargo and other support facilities and roadway and other infrastructure improvements. The CIP will not be complete until at least 2012, with individual projects scheduled to be constructed at different times. A combination of federal grants, passenger facility charge revenues, increased user rentals and fees, and other airport funds are expected to be used to pay CIP costs directly and through the payment of debt service on bonds. Certain elements of the CIP have been delayed, some may be eliminated and there is no assurance that the CIP will be fully implemented. Failure to implement certain portions of the CIP in a timely manner could adversely impact our operations at the Atlanta airport.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
First Bag Fee Antitrust Litigation
     In May, June and July, 2009, a number of purported class action antitrust lawsuits were filed in the U.S. District Courts for the Northern District of Georgia, the Middle District of Florida, and the District of Nevada, against Delta and AirTran Airways (“AirTran”).
     In these cases, the plaintiffs originally alleged that Delta and AirTran engaged in collusive behavior in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act in November 2008 based upon certain public statements made in October 2008 by AirTran’s CEO at an analyst conference concerning fees for the first checked bag, Delta’s imposition of a fee for the first checked bag on November 4, 2008 and AirTran’s imposition of a similar fee on November 12, 2008. The plaintiffs sought to assert claims on behalf of an alleged class consisting of passengers who paid the fist bag fee after December 5, 2008 and seek injunctive relief and unspecified treble damages. All of these cases have been consolidated for pre-trial proceedings in the Northern District of Georgia by the Multi-District Litigation (“MDL”) Panel.
     In February 2010, the plaintiffs in the MDL proceeding filed a Consolidated Amended Class Action Complaint which substantially expanded the scope of the original complaint. In the consolidated amended complaint, the plaintiffs add new allegations concerning alleged signaling by both Delta and AirTran based upon statements made to the investment community by both carriers relating to industry capacity levels during 2008-2009. The plaintiffs also add a new cause of action against Delta alleging attempted monopolization in violation of Sherman Act § 2, paralleling a claim previously asserted against AirTran but not Delta.
     We believe the claims in these cases are without merit and are vigorously defending these lawsuits.
Chapter 11 Proceedings
     On September 14, 2005, Delta and substantially all of its subsidiaries (the “Delta Debtors”) filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code in the Bankruptcy Court. On April 25, 2007, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order approving and confirming the Plan of Reorganization and the Plan of Reorganization became effective, allowing the Delta Debtors to emerge from bankruptcy on April 30, 2007. The reorganization cases were jointly administered under the caption “In re Delta Air Lines, Inc., et al., Case No. 05-17923-ASH.” As of the date of the Chapter 11 filing, then pending litigation was generally stayed, and absent further order of the Bankruptcy Court, most parties may not take any action to recover on pre-petition claims against the Delta Debtors.

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Delta Family-Care Savings Plan Litigation
     On March 16, 2005, a retired Delta employee filed an amended class action complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia against Delta, and certain current and former Delta officers and directors on behalf of himself and other participants in the Delta Family-Care Savings Plan (“Savings Plan”). The amended complaint alleges that the defendants were fiduciaries of the Savings Plan and, as such, breached their fiduciary duties under ERISA to the plaintiff class by (1) allowing class members to direct their contributions under the Savings Plan to a fund invested in Delta common stock; and (2) continuing to hold Delta’s contributions to the Savings Plan in Delta’s common and preferred stock. The amended complaint seeks damages unspecified in amount, but equal to the total loss of value in the participants’ accounts from September 2000 through September 2004 from the investment in Delta stock. Defendants deny that there was any breach of fiduciary duty. The District Court stayed the action against Delta due to Delta’s Chapter 11 proceedings and granted a motion to dismiss filed by the individual defendants. The Bankruptcy Court has ruled that a class claim filed against Delta in its Chapter 11 proceedings will be subordinated to any claim related to equity interests in Delta, which did not receive any distribution pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization. The plaintiff has appealed this order.
Canadian Passenger Surcharge Antitrust Litigation
     On July 31, 2009, two parallel putative class actions were filed against a number of Canadian, Asian, European, and U.S. carriers (including Delta) in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice. Both allege that the defendants colluded to fix the price of passenger surcharges, in Canada-Asia and Canada-Europe markets respectively. There are no allegations in the complaints of any specific act by Delta in furtherance of either conspiracy. The complaints seek damages in excess of $100 million. We believe the allegations against Delta are without merit and intend to vigorously defend these cases.
***
     For a discussion of certain environmental matters, see “Business—Environmental Matters” in Item 1.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
     No matters were submitted to a vote of our security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.

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PART II
ITEM 5.   MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
     Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated, the highest and lowest sales price for our common stock as reported on the NYSE.
                 
    Common Stock
    High   Low
     
Fiscal 2008
               
First Quarter
  $ 18.99     $ 7.94  
Second Quarter
  $ 10.89     $ 4.80  
Third Quarter
  $ 10.26     $ 4.00  
Fourth Quarter
  $ 12.00     $ 5.10  
Fiscal 2009
               
First Quarter
  $ 12.65     $ 3.51  
Second Quarter
  $ 8.27     $ 5.31  
Third Quarter
  $ 9.88     $ 5.56  
Fourth Quarter
  $ 12.08     $ 6.78  
     
Holders
     As of January 31, 2010, there were approximately 3,930 holders of record of our common stock.
Dividends
     We expect to retain any future earnings to fund our operations and meet our cash and liquidity needs. In addition, our ability to pay dividends or repurchase common stock is restricted under credit facilities that we entered into in connection with our emergence from bankruptcy. Therefore, we do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future.

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Stock Performance Graph
     The following graph compares the cumulative total returns during the period from April 30, 2007 to December 31, 2009 of our common stock to the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index and the Amex Airline Index. The comparison assumes $100 was invested on April 30, 2007 in each of our common stock and the indices and assumes that all dividends were reinvested. Data for periods prior to April 30, 2007 is not shown because of the period we were in bankruptcy and the lack of comparability of financial results before and after April 30, 2007.
(PERFORMANCE GRAPH)
     The Amex Airline Index (ticker symbol XAL) consists of Alaska Air Group, Inc., AMR Corporation, Continental, Delta, GOL Linhas Areas Inteligentes S.A., JetBlue Airways Corporation, LAN Airlines SA ADS, Ryanair Holdings plc, SkyWest, Inc., Southwest Airlines Company, TAM S.A. ADS, UAL Corporation, and US Airways Group, Inc.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
     We withheld the following shares of common stock to satisfy tax withholding obligations during the December 2009 quarter from the distributions described below. These shares may be deemed to be “issuer purchases” of shares that are required to be disclosed pursuant to this Item.
                                 
                            Maximum Number of
                            Shares (or Approximate
    Total           Total Number of Shares   Dollar Value) of Shares
    Number of   Average   Purchased as Part of   That May Yet Be
    Shares   Price Paid   Publicly Announced   Purchased Under the
Period   Purchased(1)   Per Share   Plans or Programs(1)   Plan or Programs
         
October 1-31, 2009
    1,130,516     $ 7.18       1,130,516       (1)  
November 1-30, 2009
    177,830     $ 7.18       177,830       (1)  
December 1-31, 2009
    9,475     $ 9.67       9,475       (1)  
 
                               
Total
    1,317,821               1,317,821          
 
                               
 
(1)   Shares were withheld from employees to satisfy certain tax obligations due in connection with grants of stock under our 2007 Performance Compensation Plan. The 2007 Performance Compensation Plan and Delta’s Plan of Reorganization both provide for the withholding of shares to satisfy tax obligations. Neither specifies a maximum number of shares that can be withheld for this purpose. See Note 11 and Note 12 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this Form 10-K for more information about Delta’s Plan of Reorganization and the 2007 Performance Compensation Plan, respectively.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
     On October 29, 2008, a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours merged with and into Northwest Airlines Corporation. Our Consolidated Financial Statements include the results of operations of Northwest and its wholly-owned subsidiaries for the period from October 30 to December 31, 2008. For additional information regarding purchase accounting, see Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
     In September 2005, we and substantially all of our subsidiaries (the “Delta Debtors”) filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. On April 30, 2007 (the “Effective Date”), the Delta Debtors emerged from bankruptcy. Upon emergence from Chapter 11, we adopted fresh start reporting which resulted in our becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, consolidated financial data on or after May 1, 2007 is not comparable to the consolidated financial data prior to that date.
     References in this Form 10-K to “Successor” refer to Delta on or after May 1, 2007, after giving effect to (1) the cancellation of Delta common stock issued prior to the Effective Date, (2) the issuance of new Delta common stock and certain debt securities in accordance with the Delta Debtors’ Joint Plan of Reorganization (“Delta’s Plan of Reorganization”), and (3) the application of fresh start reporting. References to “Predecessor” refer to Delta prior to May 1, 2007.
     The following table presents selected financial and operating data. We derived the Consolidated Summary of Operations and Other Financial and Statistical Data for (1) the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 of the Successor, (2) the eight months ended December 31, 2007 of the Successor, (3) the four months ended April 30, 2007 of the Predecessor and (4) the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 of the Predecessor from our audited consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Summary of Operations
                                                   
    Successor     Predecessor
                    Eight Months     Four Months    
                    Ended     Ended    
    Year Ended December 31,   December 31,     April 30,   Year Ended December 31,
(in millions, except share data)   2009(1)   2008(2)   2007     2007(3)   2006(4)   2005(5)
                             
Operating revenue
  $ 28,063     $ 22,697     $ 13,358       $ 5,796     $ 17,532     $ 16,480  
Operating expense
    28,387       31,011       12,562         5,496       17,474       18,481  
                             
Operating (loss) income
    (324 )     (8,314 )     796         300       58       (2,001 )
Interest expense, net
    (1,251 )     (613 )     (276 )       (248 )     (801 )     (973 )
Miscellaneous, net
    (6 )     (114 )     5         27       (19 )     (1 )
                             
(Loss) income before reorganization items, net
    (1,581 )     (9,041 )     525         79       (762 )     (2,975 )
Reorganization items, net
                        1,215       (6,206 )     (884 )
                             
(Loss) income before income taxes
    (1,581 )     (9,041 )     525         1,294       (6,968 )     (3,859 )
Income tax benefit (provision)
    344       119       (211 )       4       765       41  
                             
Net (loss) income
    (1,237 )     (8,922 )     314         1,298       (6,203 )     (3,818 )
Preferred stock dividends
                              (2 )     (18 )
                             
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders
  $ (1,237 )   $ (8,922 )   $ 314       $ 1,298     $ (6,205 )   $ (3,836 )
                             
Basic (loss) earnings per share
  $ (1.50 )   $ (19.08 )   $ 0.80       $ 6.58     $ (31.58 )   $ (23.75 )
                             
Diluted (loss) earnings per share
  $ (1.50 )   $ (19.08 )   $ 0.79       $ 4.63     $ (31.58 )   $ (23.75 )
                             

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(1)   Includes (a) $407 million, or $0.49 diluted loss per share, in restructuring and merger-related charges associated with (i) integrating the operations of Northwest into Delta, including costs related to information technology, employee relocation and training, and re-branding of aircraft and stations and (ii) employee workforce reduction programs, (b) an $83 million non-cash loss for the write-off of the unamortized discount on the extinguishment of the Northwest senior secured exit financing facility and (c) a non-cash income tax benefit of $321 million from our consideration of all income sources, including other comprehensive income.
 
(2)   Includes a $7.3 billion non-cash charge, or $15.59 diluted loss per share, from an impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets and $1.1 billion, or $2.42 diluted loss per share, in primarily non-cash merger-related charges relating to the issuance or vesting of employee equity awards in connection with our merger with Northwest.
 
(3)   Includes a $1.2 billion non-cash gain, or $5.20 diluted earnings per share, for reorganization items.
 
(4)   Includes a $6.2 billion non-cash charge, or $31.58 diluted earnings per share, for reorganization items, a $310 million non-cash charge, or $1.58 diluted loss per share, associated with certain accounting adjustments and a $765 million income tax benefit, or $3.89 diluted EPS.
 
(5)   Includes an $888 million charge, or $5.49 diluted loss per share, for restructuring, asset writedowns, pension settlements and related items, net and an $884 million non-cash charge, or $5.47 diluted loss per share, for reorganization costs.
Other Financial and Statistical Data
(Unaudited)
                                                   
    Successor     Predecessor
                    Eight Months     Four Months    
    Year Ended   Ended     Ended   Year Ended
    December 31,   December 31,     April 30,   December 31,
    2009   2008   2007     2007   2006   2005
                             
Revenue passenger miles (millions)(1)
    188,943       134,879       85,029         37,036       116,133       119,954  
Available seat miles (millions)(1)
    230,331       165,639       104,427         47,337       147,995       156,793  
Passenger mile yield(1)
    12.60 ¢     14.52 ¢     13.88 ¢       13.84 ¢     13.34 ¢     12.16 ¢
Passenger revenue per available seat mile(1)
    10.34 ¢     11.82 ¢     11.30 ¢       10.83 ¢     10.47 ¢     9.31 ¢
Operating cost per available seat mile(1)
    12.32 ¢     18.72 ¢     12.03 ¢       11.61 ¢     11.80 ¢     11.79 ¢
Passenger load factor(1)
    82.0 %     81.4 %     81.4 %       78.2 %     78.5 %     76.5 %
Fuel gallons consumed (millions)(1)
    3,853       2,740       1,742         792       2,480       2,687  
Average price per fuel gallon, net of hedging(1)
  $ 2.15     $ 3.16     $ 2.38       $ 1.93     $ 2.12     $ 1.89  
Full-time equivalent employees, end of period
    81,106       84,306       55,044         52,704       51,322       55,650  
             
                                           
    Successor     Predecessor
    December 31,     December 31,
    2009   2008   2007     2006   2005
                         
Total assets (millions)(1)
  $ 43,539     $ 45,084     $ 32,423       $ 19,622     $ 20,039  
Long-term debt and capital leases (including current maturities) (millions)(1)
  $ 17,198     $ 16,571     $ 9,000       $ 8,012     $ 7,743  
Stockholders’ equity (deficit) (millions)(1)
  $ 245     $ 874     $ 10,113       $ (13,593 )   $ (9,895 )
Common stock outstanding (millions)
    784       695       292         197       189  
           
(1)   Includes the operations of our contract carriers under capacity purchase agreements, including non-owned carriers.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
General Information
     We provide scheduled air transportation for passengers and cargo throughout the United States (“U.S.”) and around the world. On October 29, 2008 (the “Closing Date”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours merged (the “Merger”) with and into Northwest Airlines Corporation. On the Closing Date, Northwest Airlines Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Northwest Airlines, Inc. (collectively, “Northwest”), became wholly-owned subsidiaries of Delta. On December 31, 2009, Northwest Airlines, Inc. merged with and into Delta. As a result of this merger, Northwest Airlines, Inc. ceased to exist as a separate entity. We believe the Merger better positions us to manage through economic cycles and volatile fuel prices, invest in our fleet, improve services for customers and achieve our strategic objectives.
     Our Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”). In accordance with GAAP, our financial results include the results of Northwest for the periods after the Closing Date, but not for periods on or before the Closing Date. Our financial results under GAAP for the year ended December 31, 2009 include the results of Northwest for the full year. In contrast, our financial results under GAAP for the year ended December 31, 2008 include the results of Northwest only from October 30 to December 31, 2008. Accordingly, our financial results under GAAP for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 are not comparable.
     In the accompanying “Financial Highlights — 2009 GAAP Compared to 2008 Combined” and “Results of Operations — 2009 GAAP Compared to 2008 Combined,” we sometimes use information that is derived from our Consolidated Financial Statements, but that is not presented in accordance with GAAP. Certain of this information is considered “non-GAAP financial measures” under the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission rules. These non-GAAP financial measures include financial information for the year ended December 31, 2008 presented on a combined basis, which means the financial results for pre-Merger Delta and pre-Merger Northwest are combined beginning January 1, 2008. We believe this presentation of the 2008 financial results provides a more meaningful basis for comparing Delta’s financial performance in 2009 and 2008. See “Results of Operations — 2009 GAAP Compared to 2008 Combined” and “Supplemental Information” below for the reasons we use combined and other non-GAAP financial measures, as well as a reconciliation to the corresponding measures under GAAP. The non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to results prepared in accordance with GAAP, but should not be considered a substitute for or superior to GAAP results.
Financial Highlights — 2009 GAAP Compared to 2008 Combined
     For 2009, we reported a net loss of $1.2 billion. These results reflect significant weakness in the airline revenue environment due to the global recession and $1.4 billion in fuel hedge losses. Our net loss for the year also includes a $407 million charge for merger-related items, a $321 million non-cash income tax benefit and an $83 million non-cash loss on the extinguishment of debt.
     Total operating revenue declined $6.2 billion, or 18%, in 2009 on a 6% decrease in system capacity, or available seat mile (“ASMs”), compared with 2008 on a combined basis. Passenger revenue accounted for $5.9 billion of the decrease. Passenger revenue per ASM (“PRASM”) declined 14% on a 14% decrease in passenger mile yield. The decrease in passenger mile yield reflects (1) significantly reduced demand, particularly in international markets, (2) a reduction in business demand, (3) competitive pricing pressures and (4) lower fuel surcharges due to the year-over-year decline on fuel prices.
     Volatile fuel prices continue to represent a significant risk to our business and the airline industry as a whole. While our fuel cost per gallon declined 35% in 2009 compared to 2008 on a combined basis, contributing to $5.4 billion in lower fuel expense excluding the mark-to-market adjustments related to fuel hedges settling in future periods, crude oil prices have risen 78% from December 31, 2008 to December 31, 2009.
     We have focused on maintaining a competitive cost structure through disciplined spending, productivity initiatives and accelerating Merger synergies. Our consolidated operating cost per ASM (“CASM”), excluding special items (as defined in “Supplemental Information” below) and fuel expense, increased 4% on a 6% lower capacity in 2009 compared to 2008 on a combined basis. The increase primarily reflects an increase in pension expense from a decrease in value in pension trust assets due to declines in the financial markets during 2008.

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     At December 31, 2009, we had $4.7 billion in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, and $685 million in undrawn revolving credit facilities. In 2009, we completed $3.2 billion in financing transactions. For additional information regarding these financing transactions, see Note 6 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Business Overview
     Recent Initiatives. We believe that our global network, hub structure and alliances with other airlines enables us to offer customers a service which results in a competitive advantage over other domestic and international airlines. In 2009, we implemented a joint venture with Air France-KLM that further strengthens our transatlantic network, expanded our alliance agreement with Alaska Airlines and Horizon Air to enhance our West coast presence, and received U.S. Department of Transportation approval for a codesharing agreement with Virgin Blue, which will expand our network between the U.S. and Australia and the South Pacific.
     Expanding our presence in New York City through increased corporate sales, improved facilities and increased and new service from New York is a key component of our network strategy. For example, we continue to make investments in our international operation at New York-JFK and explore long-term options to upgrade the facility. In addition, in August 2009, we announced our intention to make New York’s LaGuardia Airport a domestic hub through a slot transaction with US Airways. The agreement calls for US Airways to transfer 125 operating slot pairs to us at LaGuardia and for us to transfer 42 operating slot pairs to US Airways at Reagan National Airport in Washington, D.C. We also plan to swap gates at LaGuardia to consolidate all of our operations (including the Delta Shuttle) into an expanded main terminal facility with 11 additional gates. The U.S. Department of Transportation has issued a tentative order on the transaction that would require the divestiture of 20 slot pairs at LaGuardia and 14 slot pairs at Reagan National. We and US Airways are reviewing the tentative order to determine our next steps.
     We also plan to invest $1 billion through mid-2013 to improve the customer experience and the efficiency of our aircraft fleet. Planned enhancements include installing full flat-bed seats in BusinessElite on 90 trans-oceanic aircraft, adding in-seat audio and video throughout Economy Class on 68 widebody aircraft, adding First Class cabins to 66 CRJ-700 aircraft and installing winglets on more than 170 aircraft to extend aircraft range and increase fuel efficiency.
     Merger Synergies. As a result of our integration efforts, we achieved more than $700 million in Merger synergy benefits in 2009, and we are targeting an additional $600 million in Merger synergy benefits in 2010. In 2009, we completed a significant portion of our Merger integration, including combining frequent flyer programs, consolidating and rebranding all airport facilities and achieving a single operating certificate from the Federal Aviation Administration. Our ability to fully realize targeted annual synergies of $2 billion by 2012 is dependent on various factors, including the integration of technologies of the two pre-Merger airlines, which we expect to occur in the first half of 2010. In January 2010, we completed the integration of the Northwest reservations system, including the transition of Northwest flights and passenger reservations into the Delta system.
Results of Operations — 2009 GAAP Compared to 2008 Combined
     In this section, we compare Delta’s results of operations under GAAP for the year ended December 31, 2009 with Delta’s results on a combined basis for the year ended December 31, 2008.
     As discussed in “General Information” above, Delta’s results of operations for 2008 on a combined basis add (1) Delta’s results of operations under GAAP for 2008, which includes Northwest’s results from October 30 to December 31, 2008; and (2) Northwest’s results from January 1 to October 29, 2008. We believe this presentation of the 2008 financial results provides a more meaningful basis for comparing Delta’s financial performance in 2009 and 2008.

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Operating Revenue
                                                 
            2008   2009 GAAP vs. 2008 Combined
    GAAP  
    Year Ended   GAAP   Northwest   Combined           %
    December 31,   Year Ended   January 1 to   Year Ended   Increase   Increase
(in millions)   2009   December 31   October 29   December 31   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
 
Operating Revenue:
                                               
Passenger:
                                               
Domestic
  $ 10,863     $ 8,707     $ 4,872     $ 13,579     $ (2,716 )     (20 )%
Atlantic
    4,357       4,390       1,450       5,840       (1,483 )     (25 )%
Latin America
    1,268       1,362       131       1,493       (225 )     (15 )%
Pacific
    2,034       678       2,029       2,707       (673 )     (25 )%
         
Total Mainline
    18,522       15,137       8,482       23,619       (5,097 )     (22 )%
Regional carriers
    5,285       4,446       1,643       6,089       (804 )     (13 )%
         
Total passenger revenue
    23,807       19,583       10,125       29,708       (5,901 )     (20 )%
Cargo
    788       686       667       1,353       (565 )     (42 )%
Other, net
    3,468       2,428       799       3,227       241       7 %
         
Total operating revenue
  $ 28,063     $ 22,697     $ 11,591     $ 34,288     $ (6,225 )     (18 )%
 
                                                         
            Increase (Decrease)
2009 GAAP vs. 2008 Combined
    GAAP  
    Year Ended                           Passenger            
    December 31,   Passenger           ASMs   Mile           Load
(in millions)   2009   Revenue   RPMs (Traffic)   (Capacity)   Yield   PRASM   Factor
 
Passenger Revenue:
                                                       
Domestic
  $ 10,863       (20 )%     (8 )%     (8 )%     (14 )%     (14 )%      
Atlantic
    4,357       (25 )%     (8 )%     (9 )%     (20 )%     (19 )%   0.9 pts
Latin America
    1,268       (15 )%     (4 )%     (2 )%     (12 )%     (14 )%   (1.5) pts
Pacific
    2,034       (25 )%     (12 )%     (8 )%     (14 )%     (17 )%   (3.5) pts
                                                 
Total Mainline
    18,522       (22 )%     (8 )%     (7 )%     (15 )%     (15 )%   (0.3) pts
Regional carriers
    5,285       (13 )%     (1 )%     %     (13 )%     (13 )%   (0.1) pts
                                                 
Total passenger revenue
  $ 23,807       (20 )%     (7 )%     (6 )%     (14 )%     (14 )%   (0.4) pts
 
     Mainline Passenger Revenue. Mainline passenger revenue decreased in 2009 compared to 2008 on a combined basis primarily due to weakened demand for air travel from the global recession, capacity reductions and the effects of the H1N1 virus on passenger travel. Passenger mile yield and PRASM both declined 15%.
    Domestic Passenger Revenue. Domestic passenger revenue decreased 20% from a 14% decrease in PRASM on an 8% decline in capacity. The passenger mile yield decreased 14%, reflecting (1) a reduction in business demand due to the global recession, (2) an overall decrease in average fares due to competitive pricing pressures and (3) lower fuel surcharges due to the year-over-year decline in fuel prices.
 
    International Passenger Revenue. International passenger revenue decreased 24% from an 18% decrease in PRASM on an 7% decline in capacity. The passenger mile yield decreased 17%, reflecting (1) significantly reduced demand for international travel, (2) competitive pricing pressures (especially in the Atlantic market, which experienced a 20% decrease in passenger mile yield), primarily from a significant decrease in business demand due to the global recession and (3) the impact of the H1N1 virus, most notably in the Pacific and Latin America markets. The decrease in passenger mile yield in the Atlantic market also reflects unfavorable foreign currency exchange rates and lower fuel surcharges due to the year-over-year decline in fuel prices.

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     Regional carriers. Passenger revenue of regional carriers declined $804 million primarily as a result of a 13% decrease in passenger mile yield while traffic and capacity remained flat. The decrease in passenger mile yield reflects (1) a reduction in demand for air travel due to the global recession and (2) an overall decrease in average fares due to competitive pricing pressures.
     Cargo. Cargo revenue decreased due to capacity reductions, significantly reduced cargo yields and international volume as a result of the global recession, and lower fuel surcharges due to the year-over-year decline in fuel prices. During 2009, we retired our remaining 10 dedicated freighter B-747-200F aircraft, which contributed to a 40% decline in capacity.
     Other, net. Other, net revenue increased $241 million primarily due to new or increased baggage handling fees and higher SkyMiles program revenue, partially offset by decreased revenue from our alliance agreements and a reduction in our aircraft maintenance and repair service.
Operating Expense
                                                 
            2008   2009 GAAP vs. 2008 Combined
    GAAP  
    Year Ended   GAAP   Northwest   Combined           %
    December 31,   Year Ended   January 1 to   Year Ended   Increase   Increase
(in millions)   2009   December 31   October 29   December 31   (Decrease)   (Decrease)
 
Operating Expense:
                                               
Aircraft fuel and related taxes
  $ 7,384     $ 7,346     $ 4,996     $ 12,342     $ (4,958 )     (40 )%
Salaries and related costs
    6,838       4,329       2,220       6,549       289       4 %
Contract carrier arrangements
    3,823       3,766       901       4,667       (844 )     (18 )%
Contracted services
    1,595       1,062       667       1,729       (134 )     (8 )%
Depreciation and amortization
    1,536       1,266       1,054       2,320       (784 )     (34 )%
Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs
    1,434       1,169       612       1,781       (347 )     (19 )%
Passenger commissions and other selling expenses
    1,405       1,030       737       1,767       (362 )     (20 )%
Landing fees and other rents
    1,289       787       456       1,243       46       4 %
Passenger service
    638       440       210       650       (12 )     (2 )%
Aircraft rent
    480       307       184       491       (11 )     (2 )%
Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets
          7,296       3,841       11,137       (11,137 )   NM
Restructuring and merger-related items
    407       1,131       225       1,356       (949 )     (70 )%
Other
    1,558       1,082       644       1,726       (168 )     (10 )%
 
Total operating expense
  $ 28,387     $ 31,011     $ 16,747     $ 47,758     $ (19,371 )     (41 )%
 

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     Aircraft fuel and related taxes. Aircraft fuel and related taxes decreased $5.0 billion in 2009 compared to 2008 on a combined basis primarily due to (1) $4.8 billion associated with lower average fuel prices and (2) $858 million from a 7% decline in fuel consumption due to capacity reductions. These decreases were partially offset by $1.4 billion in fuel hedge losses for 2009, compared to $666 million in fuel hedge losses for 2008. The fuel hedge losses in 2009 are primarily from hedges purchased in 2008 during the period fuel prices reached record highs and were expected to continue to rise.
     Salaries and related costs. Salaries and related costs increased $289 million due to (1) pay increases for pilot and non-pilot frontline employees, (2) higher pension expense from a decline in the value of our defined benefit plan assets as a result of market conditions and (3) Delta airline tickets awarded to employees as part of an employee recognition program. These increases were partially offset by a 5% average decrease in headcount primarily related to workforce reduction programs.
     Contract carrier arrangements. Contract carrier arrangements expense decreased $844 million primarily due to decreases of (1) $714 million associated with lower average fuel prices and (2) $119 million from a 7% decline in fuel consumption due to capacity reductions.
     Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased $784 million as a result of (1) $641 million in impairment related charges recorded in the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily related to certain definite-lived intangible assets and aircraft, and (2) $125 million related to the December 2008 multi-year extension of our co-brand credit card relationship with American Express (the “American Express Agreement”), extending the useful life of the American Express Agreement intangible asset to the date the contract expires.
     Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs. Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs decreased $347 million primarily from capacity reductions.
     Passenger commissions and other selling expenses. Passenger commissions and other selling expenses decreased $362 million primarily in connection with the passenger revenue decrease.
     Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets. During 2008, we experienced a significant decline in market capitalization primarily from record high fuel prices and overall airline industry conditions. In addition, the announcement of our intention to merge with Northwest established a stock exchange ratio based on the relative valuation of Delta and Northwest. We determined goodwill was impaired and recorded a non-cash charge of $10.2 billion on a combined basis. We also recorded a non-cash charge of $955 million on a combined basis to reduce the carrying value of certain intangible assets based on their revised estimated fair values.
     Restructuring and merger-related items. Restructuring and merger-related items decreased $949 million, primarily due to the following:
    During 2009, we recorded a $288 million charge for merger-related items associated with integrating the operations of Northwest into Delta, including costs related to information technology, employee relocation and training, and re-branding of aircraft and stations. We expect to incur total cash costs of approximately $500 million over approximately three years to integrate the two airlines.
 
    For 2009, we recorded a $119 million charge in connection with employee workforce reduction programs.
 
    During 2008, we recorded $1.2 billion primarily in non-cash, merger-related charges related to the issuance or vesting of employee equity awards in connection with the Merger and $114 million in restructuring and related charges in connection with voluntary workforce reduction programs. In addition, we recorded charges of $25 million related to the closure of certain facilities and $14 million associated with the early termination of certain contract carrier arrangements.

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Other (Expense) Income
                                         
            2008    
    GAAP  
    Year Ended   GAAP   Northwest   Combined    
    December 31,   Year Ended   January 1 to   Year Ended   Favorable
(in millions)   2009   December 31   October 29   December 31   (Unfavorable)
 
Interest expense
  $ (1,278 )   $ (705 )   $ (373 )   $ (1,078 )   $ (200 )
Interest income
    27       92       86       178       (151 )
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    (83 )                       (83 )
Miscellaneous, net
    77       (114 )     (230 )     (344 )     421  
 
Total other expense, net
  $ (1,257 )   $ (727 )   $ (517 )   $ (1,244 )   $ (13 )
 
     Other expense, net for 2009 was $1.3 billion, compared to $1.2 billion for 2008 on a combined basis. This change is primarily attributable to (1) a $200 million increase in interest expense from increased amortization of debt discount, (2) a $151 million decrease in interest income primarily from significantly reduced short-term interest rates, (3) an $83 million non-cash loss for the write-off of the unamortized discount on the extinguishment of the Northwest senior secured exit financing facility (the “Bank Credit Facility”) and (4) a $421 million favorable change in miscellaneous, net due to the following:
         
    Favorable
    (Unfavorable)
    2009 GAAP vs.
(in millions)   2008 Combined
 
Miscellaneous, net
       
Impairment in 2008 of minority ownership interest in Midwest Air Partners, LLC
  $ 213  
Foreign currency exchange rates
    99  
Mark-to-market adjustments on the ineffective portion of fuel hedge contracts
    77  
Loss on investments in The Reserve Primary Fund and insured auction rate securities in 2008
    41  
Other
    (9 )
 
Total miscellaneous, net
  $ 421  
 
Income Taxes
                                         
            2008    
    GAAP  
    Year Ended   GAAP   Northwest   Combined    
    December 31,   Year Ended   January 1 to   Year Ended    
(in millions)   2009   December 31   October 29   December 31   Increase
 
Income tax benefit
  $ 344     $ 119     $ 211     $ 330     $ 14  
 
     We consider all income sources, including other comprehensive income, in determining the amount of tax benefit that should be allocated to continuing operations. For 2009, we recorded an income tax benefit of $344 million, including a non-cash income tax benefit of $321 million on the loss from continuing operations, with an offsetting non-cash income tax expense of $321 million on other comprehensive income. We did not record an income tax benefit for the remainder of our loss for 2009. The deferred tax asset resulting from such a net operating loss was fully reserved by a valuation allowance.
     We recorded an income tax benefit of $330 million for 2008 on a combined basis as a result of the impairment of our indefinite-lived intangible assets. The impairment of goodwill did not result in an income tax benefit as goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. We did not record an income tax benefit as a result of our loss for 2008. The deferred tax asset resulting from such a net operating loss is fully reserved by a valuation allowance.

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Results of Operations—2008 GAAP Compared to 2007 Predecessor plus Successor
     In September 2005, we and substantially all of our subsidiaries (the “Delta Debtors”) filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. On April 30, 2007 (the “Effective Date”), the Delta Debtors emerged from bankruptcy. References in this Form 10-K to “Successor” refer to Delta on or after May 1, 2007, after giving effect to (1) the cancellation of Delta common stock issued prior to the Effective Date; (2) the issuance of new Delta common stock and certain debt securities in accordance with the Delta Debtors’ Joint Plan of Reorganization (“Delta’s Plan of Reorganization”); and (3) the application of fresh start reporting. References to “Predecessor” refer to Delta prior to May 1, 2007.
     We adopted fresh start reporting upon emergence from Chapter 11, which resulted in our becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. Due to our adoption of fresh start reporting on April 30, 2007, the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for 2007 include the results of operations for (1) the four months ended April 30, 2007 of the Predecessor and (2) the eight months ended December 31, 2007 of the Successor.
     In this section, we added the results of operations for the four months ended April 30, 2007 of the Predecessor with the eight months ended December 31, 2007 of the Successor. We then compared (1) Delta’s results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 under GAAP with (2) the 2007 Predecessor plus Successor results. We believe this presentation of the 2007 financial results provides a more meaningful basis for comparing Delta’s financial performance in 2008 and 2007.
Operating Revenue
                                         
    GAAP   Predecessor +
Successor
               
                Increase due    
                to Northwest   Increase
                Operations   (Decrease)
    Year Ended   Year Ended           October 30 to   Excluding
    December 31,   December 31,           December 31,   Northwest
(in millions)   2008   2007   Increase   2008   Operations
 
Operating Revenue:
                                       
Passenger:
                                       
Mainline
  $ 15,137     $ 12,758     $ 2,379     $ 1,396     $ 983  
Regional carriers
    4,446       4,170       276       334       (58 )
 
Total passenger revenue
    19,583       16,928       2,655       1,730       925  
Cargo
    686       482       204       96       108  
Other, net
    2,428       1,744       684       199       485  
 
Total operating revenue
  $ 22,697     $ 19,154     $ 3,543     $ 2,025     $ 1,518  
 
     Northwest Operations. As a result of the Merger, our results of operations under GAAP for 2008 include Northwest’s operations for the period from October 30 to December 31, 2008, which increased our operating revenue by $2.0 billion in 2008 compared to the 2007 Predecessor plus Successor results. The addition of Northwest to our operations for that period increased ASMs, or capacity, 10% for the full year.

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            Increase (Decrease)
2008 GAAP
vs. 2007 Predecessor + Successor
    GAAP  
    Year Ended   Passenger            
    December 31,   Mile           Load
(in millions)   2008   Yield   PRASM   Factor
 
Passenger Revenue:
                               
Domestic
  $ 8,707       4 %     6 %   2.1pts
Atlantic
    4,390       9 %     7 %   (1.2)pts
Latin America
    1,362       13 %     16 %   2.1pts
Pacific
    678       4 %     4 %   0.2pts
                                 
Total Mainline
    15,137       6 %     7 %   1.0pts
Regional carriers
    4,446       5 %     6 %   0.8pts
                         
Total passenger revenue
  $ 19,583       5 %     6 %   1.0pts
 
     Mainline Passenger Revenue. Mainline passenger revenue increased in 2008 compared to the 2007 Predecessor plus Successor results primarily due to (1) the inclusion of Northwest’s operations, (2) fare increases in response to increased fuel charges, (3) pricing and scheduling initiatives and (4) our increased service to international destinations. The increase in passenger revenue reflects a rise of 6% and 7% in passenger mile yield and PRASM, respectively.
    Domestic Passenger Revenue. Domestic passenger revenue increased 8%, due to a 2.1 point increase in load factor and a 6% increase in PRASM on a 1% increase in capacity. The passenger mile yield increased 4%. The increases in passenger revenue and PRASM reflect (1) the inclusion of Northwest’s operations and (2) fare increases, higher yields and our reduction of domestic flights in response to high fuel prices and the slowing economy. Excluding Northwest’s operations, we reduced domestic capacity by 7% for the year.
 
    International Passenger Revenue. International passenger revenue increased 38%, due to a 27% increase in capacity from growth in our international operations and the inclusion of Northwest’s operations, and a 9% increase in PRASM. The passenger mile yield increased 9% due to fuel surcharges and increases in service to international destinations, primarily in the Atlantic and Latin America markets, from the restructuring of our route network. Excluding Northwest’s operations, we increased international capacity by 14% for the year.
     Regional carriers. Passenger revenue of regional affiliates increased due to the inclusion of Northwest’s operations. Excluding Northwest’s operations, regional carriers revenue declined $58 million primarily due to an 8% decrease in capacity in response to high fuel prices and the slowing economy, as well as the termination of certain contract carrier agreements.
     Cargo. Cargo revenue increased due to the inclusion of Northwest’s operations and an increase in fuel surcharges, improved cargo yields, and higher international volume.
     Other, net. Other, net revenue increased primarily due to the inclusion of Northwest’s operations. Excluding Northwest’s operations, other, net revenue increased $485 million primarily due to (1) new or increased administrative service charges and baggage handling fees, (2) growth in aircraft maintenance and staffing services to third parties and (3) higher SkyMiles program revenue.

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Operating Expense
                                                                 
                        Increase (Decrease) due to:
            Predecessor +           Northwest                    
    GAAP   Successor           Operations                    
    Year Ended   Year Ended           October 30 to   Restructuring                
    December 31,   December 31,   Increase   December 31,   and merger-           Fuel    
(in millions)   2008   2007   (Decrease)   2008   related items   Impairments   Expense   Other
 
Operating Expense:
                                                               
Aircraft fuel and related taxes
  $7,346     $4,686     $2,660     $718     $—     $—     $1,942     $—  
Salaries and related costs
    4,329       3,759       570       504                         66  
Contract carrier arrangements
    3,766       3,275       491       144                   303       44  
Depreciation and amortization
    1,266       1,164       102       91                         11  
Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs
    1,169       983       186       113                         73  
Contracted services
    1,062       910       152       128                         24  
Passenger commissions and other selling expenses
    1,030       933       97       130                         (33 )
Landing fees and other rents
    787       725       62       106                         (44 )
Passenger service
    440       338       102       35                         67  
Aircraft rent
    307       246       61       40                         21  
Profit sharing
          158       (158 )                             (158 )
Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets
    7,296             7,296                   7,296              
Restructuring and merger-related items(1)
    1,131             1,131             1,131                    
Other
    1,082       881       201       88                         113  
 
Total operating expense
  $ 31,011     $ 18,058     $ 12,953     $ 2,097     $ 1,131     $ 7,296     $ 2,245     $184  
 
(1)   Restructuring and merger-related items include $333 million in one-time merger-related charges, as discussed below related to Northwest for the period from October 30 to December 31, 2008.
     Northwest Operations. As a result of the Merger, our results of operations under GAAP for 2008 include Northwest’s operations for the period from October 30 to December 31, 2008, which increased operating expense by $2.1 billion in 2008 compared to the 2007 Predecessor plus Successor results. The addition of Northwest for that period increased capacity 10% for the full year.
     Restructuring and merger-related items. Restructuring and merger-related items totaled a $1.1 billion charge, primarily consisting of the following:
    Merger-related charges. $978 million in one-time primarily non-cash charges relating to the issuance or vesting of employee equity awards in connection with the Merger.
 
    Severance and related costs. $114 million in restructuring and related charges in connection with two voluntary workforce reduction programs for U.S. non-pilot employees announced in March 2008 in which approximately 4,200 employees elected to participate.
 
    Facilities and other. $25 million in facilities charges primarily related to accruals for future lease obligations for previously announced plans to close operations in Concourse C at the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport (the “Cincinnati Airport”).

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    Contract carrier restructuring. $14 million in charges associated with the early termination of certain capacity purchase agreements with regional air carriers.
     Impairments. During 2008, we experienced a significant decline in market capitalization primarily from record high fuel prices and overall airline industry conditions. In addition, the announcement of our intention to merge with Northwest established a stock exchange ratio based on the relative valuation of Delta and Northwest. As a result, we determined goodwill was impaired and recorded a non-cash charge of $6.9 billion. We also recorded a non-cash charge of $357 million to reduce the carrying value of certain intangible assets based on their revised estimated fair values.
     Fuel expense. Fuel expense, including contract carriers, increased $2.2 billion, primarily due to higher average fuel prices, which were partially offset by fuel hedge gains and reduced consumption from lower capacity. Fuel prices averaged $3.18 per gallon, including fuel hedge gains of $134 million, for 2008, compared to $2.24 per gallon, including fuel hedge gains of $51 million, for 2007.
     Salaries and related costs. Salaries and related costs increased $66 million primarily from a 6% average increase in pilots and flight attendants to staff increased international flying, annual pay increases for all pilot and non-pilot non-management employees, and increases in group insurance rates, partially offset by a 3% average decrease in headcount primarily related to two voluntary workforce reduction programs.
     Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs. Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs increased $73 million primarily due to growth in our third party maintenance and repair business.
     Passenger service. Passenger service increased $67 million primarily associated with (1) the increased cost of catering on international flights, (2) product upgrades in our Business Elite cabins and (3) unfavorable foreign currency exchange rates.
     Profit sharing. In 2007, we recorded a $158 million charge related to our broad-based employee profit sharing plan. We did not record any profit sharing expense in 2008. This plan provides that, for each year in which we have an annual pre-tax profit (as defined), we will pay at least 15% of that profit to eligible employees.
Other (Expense) Income
     Other expense, net for 2008 was $727 million, compared to $492 million for 2007. This change is attributable to (1) a $53 million, or 8%, increase in interest expense primarily due to a higher level of debt outstanding, including Northwest debt for the period from October 30 to December 31, 2008 and the borrowing of the entire amount of our $1.0 billion exit revolving credit facility, partially offset by the repayment of our debtor-in-possession financing facilities (the “DIP Facility”) and other higher floating rate debt in connection with our emergence from Chapter 11, (2) a $36 million decrease in interest income primarily from lower cash balances prior to the Merger and lower interest rates compared to 2007 and (3) a $146 million unfavorable change in miscellaneous, net due to the following:
         
    Unfavorable
    2008 GAAP vs. 2007
    Predecessor +
(in millions)   Successor
 
Miscellaneous, net
       
Foreign currency exchange rates
  $ 72  
Loss on investments in The Reserve Primary Fund and insured auction rate securities
    34  
Mark-to-market adjustments on the ineffective portion of fuel hedge contracts
    21  
Northwest non-operating expense from October 30 to December 31, 2008
    12  
Other
    7  
 
Total miscellaneous, net
  $ 146  
 

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Reorganization Items, Net
     Reorganization items, net totaled a $1.2 billion gain for 2007, primarily consisting of the following:
    Emergence gain. A net $2.1 billion gain due to our emergence from bankruptcy, comprised of (1) a $4.4 billion gain related to the discharge of liabilities subject to compromise in connection with the settlement of claims, (2) a $2.6 billion charge associated with the revaluation of our SkyMiles frequent flyer obligation and (3) a $238 million gain from the revaluation of our remaining assets and liabilities to fair value.
 
    Aircraft financing renegotiations and rejections. A $440 million charge for estimated claims primarily associated with the restructuring of the financing arrangements for 143 aircraft and adjustments to prior claims estimates.
 
    Contract carrier agreements. A net charge of $163 million in connection with amendments to certain contract carrier agreements.
 
    Emergence compensation. In accordance with Delta’s Plan of Reorganization, we made $130 million in lump-sum cash payments to approximately 39,000 eligible non-contract, non-management employees. We also recorded an additional charge of $32 million related to our portion of payroll related taxes associated with the issuance, as contemplated by Delta’s Plan of Reorganization, of approximately 14 million shares of common stock to those employees.
 
    Pilot collective bargaining agreement. An $83 million allowed general, unsecured claim in connection with the agreement between Comair, Inc., our wholly owned subsidiary (“Comair”), and the Air Line Pilots Association (“ALPA”) to reduce Comair’s pilot labor costs.
 
    Facility leases. A net $43 million gain, which primarily reflects (1) a $126 million net gain related to our settlement agreement with the Massachusetts Port Authority partially offset by (2) a net $80 million charge from an allowed general, unsecured claim in connection with the settlement relating to the restructuring of certain of our lease and other obligations at the Cincinnati Airport.
Income Taxes
     We recorded an income tax benefit of $119 million for 2008 due to the impairment of our indefinite-lived intangible assets. The impairment of goodwill did not result in an income tax benefit as goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. We did not record an income tax benefit as a result of our loss for 2008. The deferred tax asset resulting from such a net operating loss is fully reserved by a valuation allowance.
     For 2007, we recorded an income tax provision totaling $207 million. We recorded a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets, excluding the effect of the deferred tax liabilities that are unable to be used as a source of income against these deferred tax assets, based on our belief that it is more likely than not that the asset will not be realized in the future. Under accounting guidance applicable in 2007, any reduction in the valuation allowance as a result of the recognition of deferred tax assets was adjusted through goodwill, followed by other indefinite-lived intangible assets until the net carrying cost of these assets was zero. Accordingly, during 2007, we reduced goodwill by $211 million with respect to the realization of pre-emergence deferred tax assets.

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Financial Condition and Liquidity
     We expect to meet our cash needs for 2010 from cash flows from operations, cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and financing arrangements. Our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were $4.7 billion at December 31, 2009. We also have $685 million of additional cash available from undrawn credit facilities. As of December 31, 2009, we have financing commitments from third parties, or definitive agreements to sell, all aircraft subject to purchase commitments, except for nine previously owned MD-90 aircraft. Under these financing commitments third parties have agreed to finance on a long-term basis a substantial portion of the purchase price of the covered aircraft. For additional information regarding our aircraft purchase commitments, see Note 8 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
     The global economic recession weakened demand for air travel, decreasing our revenue and negatively impacting our liquidity. In an effort to lessen the impact of the global recession, we implemented initiatives to reduce costs, increase revenues and preserve liquidity, primarily through reducing capacity to align with demand, workforce reduction programs and the acceleration of Merger synergy benefits.
     Our ability to obtain additional financing, if needed, on acceptable terms could be affected by the fact that substantially all of our assets are subject to liens.
Significant Liquidity Events
     Significant liquidity events during 2009 were as follows:
    In September 2009, we borrowed a total of $2.1 billion under three new financings, consisting of: (1) $750 million of senior secured credit facilities, which include a $500 million first-lien revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) and a $250 million first-lien term loan facility; (2) $750 million of senior secured notes; and (3) $600 million of senior second lien notes. A portion of the net proceeds was used to repay in full the Bank Credit Facility due in 2010 with the remainder of the proceeds available for general corporate purposes.
 
    In November 2009, we issued $689 million of Pass Through Certificates, Series 2009-1 through two separate trusts (the “2009-1 EETC”). We used $342 million of the net proceeds of the 2009-1 EETC offering to prepay existing mortgage financings for five aircraft that were delivered and financed earlier in 2009 and for general corporate purposes. We intend to use the remaining $347 million of the net proceeds of the 2009-1 EETC, which are currently held in escrow, to repay a portion of the refinancing of 22 aircraft that currently secure our 2000-1 EETC.
 
    In 2009, we entered into two revolving credit facilities for a total of $250 million. We also received the proceeds from the issuance of $150 million in unsecured tax exempt bonds. In addition, a $300 million revolving credit facility terminated on its maturity date.
     For additional information regarding these matters and other liquidity events, see Note 6 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Sources and Uses of Cash
     In this section, we review the sources and uses of cash for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 under GAAP. For 2007, we added Delta’s sources and uses of cash for the four months ended April 30, 2007 of the Predecessor with the eight months ended December 31, 2007 of the Successor. We believe the 2007 Predecessor plus Successor sources and uses of cash provides a more meaningful perspective on Delta’s cash flows for 2007 than if we did not present this information in this manner.
Cash flows from operating activities
     Cash provided by operating activities totaled $1.4 billion for 2009, primarily reflecting (1) the return from counterparties of $1.1 billion of hedge margin primarily used to settle hedge losses recognized during the period and (2) $690 million in net income after adjusting for non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization.

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     Cash used in operating activities totaled $1.7 billion for 2008, primarily reflecting (1) an increase in aircraft fuel payments due to record high fuel prices for most of the year, (2) the posting of $680 million in margin with counterparties primarily from our estimated fair value loss position on our fuel hedge contracts at December 31, 2008, (3) the payment of $438 million in premiums for fuel hedge derivatives entered into during 2008, (4) a $374 million decrease in advance ticket sales due to the slowing economy and (5) the payment of $158 million in 2008 under our broad-based employee profit sharing plan related to 2007. Cash used in operating activities was partially offset by cash flows driven by a $3.5 billion increase in operating revenue, $2.0 billion of which is directly attributable to Northwest’s operations since the Closing Date.
     Cash provided by operating activities totaled $1.4 billion for 2007, primarily reflecting $875 million in cash used under Delta’s Plan of Reorganization to satisfy bankruptcy-related obligations under our comprehensive agreement with ALPA and settlement agreement with the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation. Cash flows from operating activities during 2007 also reflect (1) the release of $804 million from restricted cash pursuant to an amendment to our Visa/Mastercard credit card processing agreement, (2) revenue and network productivity improvements, including right-sizing capacity to better meet customer demand and the continued restructuring of our route network to reduce less productive short haul domestic flights and reallocate widebody aircraft to international routes and (3) a $476 million decrease in short-term investments primarily from sales of auction rate securities.
Cash flows from investing activities
     Cash used in investing activities totaled $1.0 billion for 2009, primarily reflecting net investments of $951 million for flight equipment and $251 million for ground property and equipment. Cash used in investing activities was partially offset by (1) a $142 million distribution of our investment in The Reserve Primary Fund and (2) $100 million of proceeds from the sale of flight equipment.
     Cash provided by investing activities totaled $1.6 billion for 2008, primarily reflecting (1) the inclusion of $2.4 billion in cash and cash equivalents from Northwest in the Merger and (2) $609 million in restricted cash and cash equivalents, primarily related to $500 million of cash from a Northwest borrowing that was released from escrow. These inflows were partially offset by investments of $1.3 billion for flight equipment and $241 million for ground property and equipment.
     Cash used in investing activities totaled $625 million for 2007, primarily reflecting investments of $810 million for flight equipment and advanced payments for aircraft commitments and $226 million for ground property and equipment. During 2007, restricted cash decreased by $185 million. In addition, we received $34 million and $83 million from the sale of our investments in priceline.com Incorporated and ARINC Incorporated, respectively.
Cash flows from financing activities
     Cash used in financing activities totaled $19 million for 2009, primarily reflecting $3.0 billion in proceeds from long-term debt and aircraft financing, largely associated with the issuance of (1) $2.1 billion under three new financings (as discussed above), (2) $342 million from the 2009-1 EETC offering (with the remaining proceeds held in escrow) and (3) $150 million of tax exempt bonds, mostly offset by the repayment of $2.9 billion in long-term debt and capital lease obligations, including the Bank Credit Facility and the Revolving Facility.
     Cash provided by financing activities totaled $1.7 billion for 2008, primarily reflecting (1) $1.0 billion in borrowings under a revolving credit facility, (2) $1.0 billion received under the American Express Agreement for an advance purchase of SkyMiles, and (3) $1.0 billion from aircraft financing. Cash provided by financing activities was partially offset by the repayment of $1.6 billion of long-term debt and capital lease obligations.

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     Cash used in financing activities totaled $120 million for 2007, primarily reflecting (1) the repayment of the DIP Facility with a portion of the proceeds available under the senior secured exit financing facility and existing cash, (2) the prepayment of $863 million of secured debt with a portion of the proceeds from the sale of enhanced equipment trust certificates and (3) scheduled principal payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations. During 2007, we also received $181 million in proceeds from an amendment to certain financing arrangements in which the outstanding principal amount was increased.
Contractual Obligations
     The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2009. The table does not include commitments that are contingent on events or other factors that are uncertain or unknown at this time, some of which are discussed in footnotes to this table and in the text immediately following the footnotes. Results that vary significantly from our assumptions could have a material impact on our contractual obligations.
                                                         
    Contractual Obligations by Year
(in millions)   2010   2011   2012   2013   2014   Thereafter   Total
 
Long-term debt(1)
  $ 2,690     $ 3,460     $ 4,200     $ 2,060     $ 3,440     $ 7,690     $ 23,540  
Contract carrier obligations(2)
    1,870       1,780       1,770       1,820       1,900       7,550       16,690  
Employee benefit obligations(3)
    860       740       790       740       740       10,750       14,620  
Operating lease payments(4)
    1,589       1,407       1,296       1,171       1,085       5,242       11,790  
Aircraft purchase commitments(5)
    1,080                                     1,080  
Capital lease obligations(6)
    148       146       119       87       67       337       904  
Other purchase obligations(7)
    400       270       260       160       90       90       1,270  
 
Total(8)
  $ 8,637     $ 7,803     $ 8,435     $ 6,038     $ 7,322     $ 31,659     $ 69,894  
 
(1)   Includes the principal amount of our long-term debt, which is also included in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The table also includes interest payments related to long-term debt, but excludes the impact of our interest rate hedges. Estimated amounts for future interest and related payments in connection with our long-term debt obligations are based on the fixed and variable interest rates specified in the associated debt agreements. Estimates on variable rate interest were calculated using implied short-term LIBOR based on LIBOR at December 31, 2009.
 
    The table also includes (a) payments for credit enhancements required in conjunction with certain financing agreements and (b) debt recorded in connection with the American Express Agreement. As part of the American Express Agreement, we received $1.0 billion from American Express for an advance purchase of SkyMiles. Our obligation to American Express will be satisfied through use of SkyMiles by American Express over an expected two year period that begins in December 2010.
 
(2)   Represents our minimum fixed obligations under our contract carrier agreements (excluding contract carrier aircraft lease payments accounted for as operating leases).
 
(3)   Represents minimum funding requirements under government regulations for all of our qualified defined benefit pension plans based on actuarially determined estimates and projected future benefit payments from all of our unfunded other postretirement and other postemployment plans. For additional information regarding our qualified defined benefit pension plans, see “Pension Obligations” below.
 
(4)   Includes our noncancelable operating leases and our lease payments related to aircraft under our contract carrier agreements.
 
(5)   Approximately $800 million of this amount is associated with our orders to purchase 20 B-737-800 aircraft for which we have entered into definitive agreements to sell to third parties immediately following delivery of these aircraft to us by the manufacturer. We have not received any notice that these parties have defaulted on their purchase obligations.
 
    The table excludes our order of 18 B-787-8 aircraft. The Boeing Company (“Boeing”) has informed us that Boeing will be unable to meet the contractual delivery schedule for these aircraft. We are in discussions with Boeing regarding this situation. The table also excludes our order for five A319-100 aircraft and two A320-200 aircraft since we have the right to cancel these orders.
 
(6)   Includes interest payments related to capital lease obligations. The present value of these obligations, excluding interest, is included on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 
(7)   Primarily includes purchase obligations pursuant to which we are required to make minimum payments for goods and services, including but not limited to insurance, outsourced human resource services, marketing, maintenance, technology, sponsorships and other third party services and products.

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(8)   In addition to the contractual obligations included in the table, we have significant cash obligations that are not included in the table. For example, we will pay wages required under collective bargaining agreements, purchase capacity under contract carrier arrangements (as discussed below), settle tax contingency reserves (as discussed below), pay credit card processing fees and pay fees for other goods and services, including those related to fuel, maintenance and commissions. While we are parties to legally binding contracts regarding these goods and services, the actual commitment is contingent on certain factors such as volume and/or variable rates that are uncertain or unknown at this time. Therefore, these items are not included in the table. In addition, purchase orders made in the ordinary course of business are excluded from the table and any amounts which we are liable for under the purchase orders are included in current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Payments under our profit-sharing plan or pursuant to our 2007 Performance Compensation Plan are contingent on factors unknown at this time and, therefore, are not included in this table.
     Pension Obligations. We sponsor a defined benefit pension plan for eligible non-pilot Delta employees and retirees (the “Delta Non-Pilot Plan”) and defined benefit pension plans for eligible Northwest employees and retirees (the “Northwest Pension Plans”), all of which have been frozen for future benefit accruals. Our funding obligations for these plans are governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act.
     The Pension Protection Act of 2006 allows commercial airlines to elect alternative funding rules (“Alternative Funding Rules”) for defined benefit plans that are frozen. Under the Alternative Funding Rules, the unfunded liability for a frozen defined benefit plan may be funded over a fixed 17-year period. The unfunded liability is defined as the actuarial liability and is calculated using an 8.85% interest rate. Delta elected the Alternative Funding Rules for the Delta Non-Pilot Plan, effective April 1, 2007; and Northwest elected the Alternative Funding Rules for the Northwest Pension Plans, effective October 1, 2006. We estimate that the funding requirements under these plans will be approximately $720 million in 2010.
     While this legislation makes our funding obligations for these plans more predictable, factors outside our control continue to have an impact on the funding requirements. Estimates of future funding requirements are based on various assumptions and can vary materially from actual funding requirements. Assumptions include, among other things, the actual and projected market performance of assets; statutory requirements; and demographic data for participants.
     The following items are not included in the table above:
     Contract Carrier Agreements. During the year ended December 31, 2009, six regional air carriers (“Contract Carriers”) operated for us (in addition to our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Comair, Compass Airlines, Inc. (“Compass”) and Mesaba Aviation, Inc. (“Mesaba”)) pursuant to capacity purchase agreements. Under these agreements, the regional air carriers operate some or all of their aircraft using our flight designator codes, and we control the scheduling, pricing, reservations, ticketing and seat inventories of those aircraft and retain the revenues associated with those flights. We pay those airlines an amount, as defined in the applicable agreement, which is based on a determination of their cost of operating those flights and other factors intended to approximate market rates for those services.
     The above table shows our minimum fixed obligations under these capacity purchase agreements (excluding Comair, Compass and Mesaba). The obligations set forth in the table contemplate minimum levels of flying by the Contract Carriers under the respective agreements and also reflect assumptions regarding certain costs associated with the minimum levels of flying such as for fuel, labor, maintenance, insurance, catering, property tax and landing fees. Accordingly, our actual payments under these agreements could differ materially from the minimum fixed obligations set forth in the table above.
     For information regarding payments we may be required to make in connection with certain terminations of our capacity purchase agreements with Chautauqua Airlines, Inc. and Shuttle America Corporation, see “Contingencies Related to Termination of Contract Carrier Agreements” in Note 8 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
     Uncertain Tax Positions. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2009 is $66 million. We are currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) for the 2008 and 2009 tax years.

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     Legal Contingencies. We are involved in various legal proceedings relating to employment practices, environmental issues, bankruptcy matters, antitrust matters and other matters concerning our business. We cannot reasonably estimate the potential loss for certain legal proceedings because, for example, the litigation is in its early stages or the plaintiff does not specify the damages being sought.
     Other Contingent Obligations under Contracts. In addition to the contractual obligations discussed above, we have certain contracts for goods and services that require us to pay a penalty, acquire inventory specific to us or purchase contract specific equipment, as defined by each respective contract, if we terminate the contract without cause prior to its expiration date. Because these obligations are contingent on our termination of the contract without cause prior to its expiration date, no obligation would exist unless such a termination occurs.
     For additional information about other contingencies not discussed above, as well as information related to general indemnifications, see Note 8 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Application of Critical Accounting Policies
Critical Accounting Estimates
     The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions. We periodically evaluate these estimates and assumptions, which are based on historical experience, changes in the business environment and other factors that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates.
     Frequent Flyer Programs. We have a frequent flyer program (the “SkyMiles Program”) offering incentives to increase travel on Delta. This program allows participants to earn mileage credits by flying on Delta, Contract Carriers and participating airlines, as well as through participating companies such as credit card companies, hotels and car rental agencies. We also sell mileage credits to other airlines and to non-airline businesses. Mileage credits can be redeemed for free or upgraded air travel on Delta and participating airlines, for membership in our Sky Club and for other program awards.
     In the Merger, we assumed Northwest’s frequent flyer program (the “WorldPerks Program”). In October 2009, we completed the consolidation of the SkyMiles and WorldPerks Programs, which combined miles from each program at a one-to-one ratio. The WorldPerks Program was accounted for under the same methodology as the SkyMiles Program.
     We use the residual method for revenue recognition of mileage credits. The fair value of the mileage credit component is determined based on prices at which we sell mileage credits to other airlines, currently $0.0054 per mile, and is re-evaluated at least annually. Under the residual method, the portion of the revenue from the sale of mileage credits and the mileage component of passenger ticket sales that approximates fair value is deferred and recognized as passenger revenue when miles are redeemed and services are provided based on the weighted- average price of all miles that have been deferred. The portion of the revenue received in excess of the fair value of mileage credits sold is recognized in income when the related marketing services are provided and classified as other, net revenue.
     For mileage credits which we estimate are not likely to be redeemed (“Breakage”), we recognize the associated value proportionally during the period in which the remaining mileage credits are expected to be redeemed. The estimate of Breakage is based on historical redemption patterns. A change in assumptions as to the period over which mileage credits are expected to be redeemed, the actual redemption activity for mileage credits or the estimated fair value of mileage credits expected to be redeemed could have a material impact on our revenue in the year in which the change occurs and in future years. At December 31, 2009, the aggregate deferred revenue balance associated with the SkyMiles Program was $4.8 billion. A hypothetical 1% change in our outstanding number of miles estimated to be redeemed would result in a $33 million impact on our deferred revenue liability at December 31, 2009.

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     Purchase Accounting Measurements. On the Closing Date, Northwest revalued its assets and liabilities at fair value. This revaluation did not impact earnings; it did impact the calculation of goodwill related to the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Northwest in the Merger. Additional changes in the fair values of these assets and liabilities from the current estimated values, as well as changes in other assumptions, could significantly impact earnings.
     The fair value of Northwest’s debt and capital lease obligations was determined by estimating the present value of amounts to be paid at appropriate interest rates as of the Closing Date. These rates were determined with swap rates, LIBOR rates and market spreads as of the Closing Date. The market spreads, which were determined with the assistance of third party financial institutions, considered the credit risk and the structure of the debt and capital lease obligations as well as the underlying collateral supporting the obligations.
     Fair value measurements for goodwill and other intangible assets included significant unobservable inputs, which generally include a five-year business plan, 12 months of historical revenues and expenses by city pair, projections of available seat miles, revenue passenger miles, load factors, operating costs per available seat mile and a discount rate.
     One of the significant unobservable inputs underlying the intangible fair value measurements performed on the Closing Date is the discount rate. We determined the discount rate using the weighted average cost of capital of the airline industry, which was measured using a Capital Asset Pricing Model (“CAPM”). The CAPM in the valuation of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles utilized a 50% debt and 50% equity structure. The historical average debt-to-equity structure of the major airlines since 1990 is also approximately 50% debt and 50% equity, which was similar to Northwest’s debt-to-equity structure at emergence from Chapter 11. The return on debt was measured using a bid-to-yield analysis of major airline corporate bonds. The expected market rate of return for equity was measured based on the risk free rate, the airline industry beta and risk premiums based on the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H. 15 or Ibbotson® Stocks, Bonds, Bills, and Inflation® Valuation Yearbook, Edition 2008. These factors resulted in a 13% discount rate.
     The fair value of Northwest’s pension and postretirement plans was determined by measuring the plans’ funded status as of the Closing Date. Any excess projected benefit obligation over the fair value of plan assets was recognized as a liability. One of the significant assumptions in determining our projected benefit obligation is the discount rate. We determined the discount rate primarily by reference to annualized rates earned on high quality fixed income investments and yield-to-maturity analysis specific to estimated future benefit payments, which resulted in a weighted average discount rate of 7.8%. Other significant assumptions include the healthcare cost trend rate, retirement age, and mortality assumptions.
     Derivative Instruments. Our results of operations are significantly impacted by changes in aircraft fuel prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. In an effort to manage our exposure to these risks, we periodically enter into derivative instruments, including fuel, interest rate and foreign currency hedges. These derivative instruments are comprised of contracts that are privately negotiated with counterparties without going through a public exchange. Accordingly, our fair value assessments give consideration to the risk of counterparty default (as well as our own credit risk).
    Aircraft Fuel Derivatives. Our fuel derivative instruments consist of crude oil, heating oil and jet fuel swap, collar and call option contracts. Swap contracts are valued under the income approach using a discounted cash flow model based on data either readily observable or derived from public markets. Option contracts are valued under the income approach using option pricing models. We have based our valuation assessments for our option contracts on data either readily observable in public markets, derived from public markets or provided by counterparties who regularly trade in public markets.
 
    Interest Rate Derivatives. Our interest rate derivative instruments consist of swap and call option contracts and are valued based on data readily observable in public markets.

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    Foreign Currency Derivatives. Our foreign currency derivative instruments consist of Japanese yen and Canadian dollar forward and collar contracts and are valued based on data readily observable in public markets.
     We perform, at least quarterly, both a prospective and retrospective assessment of the effectiveness of our derivative instruments designated as hedges, including assessing the possibility of counterparty default. If we determine that a derivative is no longer expected to be highly effective, we discontinue hedge accounting prospectively and recognize subsequent changes in the fair value of the hedge in earnings. As a result of our effectiveness assessment at December 31, 2009, we believe our derivative instruments designated as hedges will continue to be highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flow attributable to the hedged risk.
     Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Goodwill reflects (1) the excess of the reorganization value of the Successor over the fair values of tangible and identifiable intangible assets, net of liabilities, from the adoption of fresh start reporting, adjusted for impairment and (2) the excess of purchase price over the fair values of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Northwest in the Merger. The following table reflects the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:
                         
    Gross        
    Carrying        
(in millions)   Amount   Impairment   Net
 
Balance at January 1, 2008
  $ 12,104     $     $ 12,104  
 
Impairment
          (6,939 )     (6,939 )
Northwest Merger
    4,572             4,572  
Other
    (6 )           (6 )
 
Balance at December 31, 2008
    16,670       (6,939 )     9,731  
 
Northwest Merger
    60             60  
Other
    (4 )           (4 )
 
Balance at December 31, 2009
  $ 16,726     $ (6,939 )   $ 9,787  
 
     During 2008, we experienced a significant decline in market capitalization primarily from record high fuel prices and overall airline industry conditions. In addition, the announcement of our intention to merge with Northwest established a stock exchange ratio based on the relative valuation of Delta and Northwest (see Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements). We determined that these factors combined with further increases in fuel prices were an indicator that a goodwill impairment test was required. As a result, we estimated fair value based on a discounted projection of future cash flows, supported with a market-based valuation. We determined that goodwill was impaired and recorded a non-cash charge of $6.9 billion for the year ended December 31, 2008. In estimating fair value, we based our estimates and assumptions on the same valuation techniques employed and levels of inputs used to estimate the fair value of goodwill upon adoption of fresh start reporting.
     Identifiable intangible assets reflect intangible assets (1) recorded as a result of our adoption of fresh start reporting upon emergence from bankruptcy and (2) acquired in the Merger. Indefinite-lived assets are not amortized. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis or under the undiscounted cash flows method over the estimated economic life of the respective agreements and contracts.

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     In addition to the goodwill impairment charge discussed above, we recorded a non-cash charge of $357 million ($238 million after tax) for the year ended December 31, 2008 to reduce the carrying value of certain intangible assets based on their revised estimated fair values.
     We apply a fair value-based impairment test to the net book value of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets on an annual basis and, if certain events or circumstances indicate that an impairment loss may have been incurred, on an interim basis. The annual impairment test date for our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets is October 1.
     In evaluating our goodwill for impairment, we first compare our one reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying value. We estimate the fair value of our reporting unit by considering (1) our market capitalization, (2) any premium to our market capitalization an investor would pay for a controlling interest, (3) the potential value of synergies and other benefits that could result from such interest, (4) market multiple and recent transaction values of peer companies and (5) projected discounted future cash flows, if reasonably estimable. If the reporting unit’s fair value exceeds its carrying value, no further testing is required. If, however, the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, we then determine the amount of the impairment charge, if any. We recognize an impairment charge if the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.
     We perform the impairment test for our indefinite-lived intangible assets by comparing the asset’s fair value to its carrying value. Fair value is estimated based on (1) recent market transactions where available, (2) the lease savings method for airport slots (which reflects potential lease savings from owning the slots rather than leasing them from another airline at market rates), (3) the royalty method for the Delta tradename (which assumes hypothetical royalties generated from using our tradename) or (4) projected discounted future cash flows. We recognize an impairment charge if the asset’s carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value.
     Changes in assumptions or circumstances could result in an additional impairment in the period in which the change occurs and in future years. Factors which could cause impairment include, but are not limited to, (1) negative trends in our market capitalization, (2) volatile fuel prices, (3) declining passenger mile yields, (4) lower passenger demand as a result of the weakened U.S. and global economy, (5) interruption to our operations due to an employee strike, terrorist attack, or other reasons, (6) changes to the regulatory environment and (7) consolidation of competitors in the industry.
     Long-Lived Assets. Our flight equipment and other long-lived assets have a recorded value of $20.4 billion on our Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2009. This value is based on various factors, including the assets’ estimated useful lives and their estimated salvage values. We record impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations when events and circumstances indicate the assets may be impaired and the estimated future cash flows generated by those assets are less than their carrying amounts. If we decide to permanently remove flight equipment or other long-lived assets from operations, we will evaluate those assets for impairment. For long-lived assets held for sale, we record impairment losses when the carrying amount is greater than the fair value less the cost to sell. We discontinue depreciation of long-lived assets when these assets are classified as held for sale.
     To determine impairments for aircraft used in operations, we group assets at the fleet-type level (the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows) and then estimate future cash flows based on projections of capacity, passenger mile yield, fuel costs, labor costs and other relevant factors. If impairment occurs, the impairment loss recognized is the amount by which the aircraft’s carrying amount exceeds its estimated fair value. We estimate aircraft fair values using published sources, appraisals and bids received from third parties, as available. For additional information about our accounting policy for the impairment of long-lived assets, see Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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     Income Tax Valuation Allowance and Contingencies. We periodically assess whether it is more likely than not that we will generate sufficient taxable income to realize our deferred income tax assets, and we establish valuation allowances if recovery is deemed not likely. In making this determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence and make certain assumptions. We consider, among other things, our deferred tax liabilities, the overall business environment, our historical earnings and losses, our industry’s historically cyclical periods of earnings and losses and potential, current and future tax planning strategies. We cannot presently determine when we will be able to generate sufficient taxable income to realize our deferred tax assets. Accordingly, we have recorded a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets.
     Our income tax provisions are based on calculations and assumptions that are subject to examination by the IRS and other taxing authorities. Although we believe that the positions taken on previously filed tax returns are reasonable, we have established tax and interest reserves in recognition that taxing authorities may challenge the positions we have taken, which could result in additional liabilities for taxes and interest. We review the reserves as circumstances warrant and adjust the reserves as events occur that affect our potential liability, such as lapsing of applicable statutes of limitations, conclusion of tax audits, a change in exposure based on current calculations, identification of new issues, release of administrative guidance or the rendering of a court decision affecting a particular issue. We would adjust the income tax provision in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.
     Prior to January 1, 2009, in the event that an adjustment to the income tax provision related to a pre-emergence tax position or Northwest Merger-related tax position, we adjusted goodwill followed by other indefinite-lived intangible assets until the net carrying value of those assets was zero. Beginning January 1, 2009, any adjustments to the income tax provision in regard to pre-emergence tax positions are made through the income tax provision.
     For additional information about income taxes, see Notes 1 and 9 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
     Pension Plans. We sponsor defined benefit pension plans (“DB Plans”) for our eligible employees and retirees. We currently estimate that expense for our DB Plans in 2010 will be approximately $400 million. The effect of our DB Plans on our Consolidated Financial Statements is subject to many assumptions. We believe the most critical assumptions are (1) the weighted average discount rate and (2) the expected long-term rate of return on the assets of our DB Plans.
     We determine our weighted average discount rate on our measurement date primarily by reference to annualized rates earned on high quality fixed income investments and yield-to-maturity analysis specific to our estimated future benefit payments. We used a weighted average discount rate of 5.93% and 6.49% at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Additionally, our weighted average discount rate for net periodic benefit cost in each of the past three years has varied from the rate selected on our measurement date, ranging from 5.99% to 7.19% between 2007 and 2009, due to remeasurements throughout the year. The impact of a 0.50% change in our weighted average discount rate is shown in the table below.

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     The expected long-term rate of return on the assets of our DB Plans is based primarily on plan-specific investment studies using historical market returns and volatility data with forward looking estimates based on existing financial market conditions and forecasts. Modest excess return expectations versus some market indices are incorporated into the return projections based on the actively managed structure of the investment programs and their records of achieving such returns historically. We review our rate of return on plan asset assumptions annually. These assumptions are largely based on the asset category rate-of-return assumptions developed annually with our pension investment advisors; however, our annual investment performance for one particular year does not, by itself, significantly influence our evaluation. The investment strategy for DB Plan assets is to utilize a diversified mix of global public and private equity portfolios, public and private fixed income portfolios, and private real estate and natural resource investments to earn a long-term investment return that meets or exceeds a 9% annualized return target. The impact of a 0.50% change in our expected long-term rate of return is shown in the table below.
                 
            Effect on Accrued
    Effect on 2010   Pension Liability at
Change in Assumption   Pension Expense   December 31, 2009
 
0.50% decrease in discount rate
  +$ 8 million     +$ 1.0 billion  
0.50% increase in discount rate
  -$ 12 million     -$ 978 million  
0.50% decrease in expected return on assets
  +$ 37 million        
0.50% increase in expected return on assets
  -$ 37 million        
 
     For additional information about our DB Plans, see Note 10 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
     In September 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.” The standard revises guidance on (1) the determination of when individual deliverables may be treated as separate units of accounting and (2) the allocation of transaction consideration among separately identified deliverables. It also expands disclosure requirements regarding an entity’s multiple element revenue arrangements. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
     In April 2009, the FASB issued “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments.” The standard amends required disclosures about the fair value of financial instruments in interim and annual financial statements. We adopted this standard on April 1, 2009.
     In December 2008, the FASB issued “Employers’ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets.” It requires additional annual disclosures about assets held in an employer’s defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan, primarily related to categories and fair value measurements of plan assets. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2009. For additional information regarding this standard, see Note 3 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
     In March 2008, the FASB issued “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” The standard requires enhanced disclosures about (1) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (2) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for and (3) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. This standard is effective for interim and annual periods. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2009.

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     In December 2007, the FASB issued “Business Combinations (revised 2007).” The standard provides guidance for recognizing and measuring goodwill acquired in a business combination and requires disclosure of information regarding the nature and financial effects of a business combination. It also revises the treatment of valuation allowance adjustments related to income tax benefits in existence prior to a business combination or prior to the adoption of fresh start reporting. Under the original standard, any reduction in the valuation allowance from the recognition of deferred tax assets is adjusted through goodwill, followed by other indefinite-lived intangible assets until the net carrying costs of these assets is zero. In contrast, this revised standard requires that any reduction in this valuation allowance be reflected through the income tax provision. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning on January 1, 2009.
Supplemental Information
     Under GAAP, we do not include in our Consolidated Financial Statements the results of Northwest on or before the Closing Date. Accordingly, our financial results under GAAP for the year ended December 31, 2008, include the results of Northwest only for the period from October 30 to December 31, 2008. This impacts the comparability of our financial statements under GAAP for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Financial results on a combined basis for the year ended December 31, 2008 include the financial results for both Delta and Northwest beginning January 1, 2008. We believe presenting the 2008 financial information on a combined basis provides useful information for comparing our financial performance in 2009 and 2008.
                 
    GAAP   Combined
    Year Ended   Year Ended
    December 31,   December 31,
(in millions)   2009   2008
 
Aircraft fuel and related taxes
  $ 7,384     $ 7,346  
Northwest results for the period January 1 to October 29, 2008
          4,996  
Contract carrier aircraft fuel
    907       1,740  
Mark-to-market adjustments to fuel hedges settling in future periods
          (410 )
 
Total fuel expense excluding mark-to-market adjustments to fuel hedges settling in future periods
  $ 8,291     $ 13,672  
 

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    GAAP 2009 vs.  
    Combined 2008  
 
2009 average price per fuel gallon, net of hedging activity
  $ 2.15  
 
   
2008 combined fuel gallons consumed (in millions)
    4,158  
2008 combined average price per fuel gallon, net of hedging activity
  $ 3.29  
 
   
Change year-over-year in fuel price per gallon, net of hedging activity
    (35 )%
 
   
         
    GAAP 2009 vs.  
    Combined 2008  
 
2009 PRASM
    10.34 ¢
 
   
2008 combined ASMs (in millions)
    246,164  
2008 combined PRASM
    12.07 ¢
 
   
Change year-over-year in combined PRASM
    (14 )%
 
   
         
    GAAP 2009 vs.  
    Combined 2008  
 
2009 passenger mile yield
    12.60 ¢
 
   
2008 combined revenue passenger miles (in millions)
    202,726  
2008 combined passenger mile yield
    14.65 ¢
 
   
Change year-over-year in combined passenger mile yield
    (14 )%
 
   
     We present CASM excluding fuel expense and related taxes because management believes the volatility in fuel prices impacts the comparability of year-over-year financial performance. In addition, we exclude special items because management believes the exclusion of these items is helpful to investors to evaluate the company’s recurring operational performance.
     CASM and Combined CASM exclude ancillary businesses which are not associated with the generation of a seat mile. These businesses include aircraft maintenance and staffing services which we provide to third parties, our dedicated freighter operations and our vacation wholesale operations.
                 
    GAAP   Combined
    Year Ended   Year Ended
    December 31,   December 31,
    2009   2008
 
CASM
    12.32 ¢     19.40 ¢
Ancillary businesses
    (0.31 )     (0.48 )
 
CASM excluding items not related to generation of a seat mile
    12.01 ¢     18.92 ¢
Items excluded:
               
Impairment of goodwill and other assets
          (4.79 )
Restructuring and merger-related items
    (0.18 )     (0.59 )
Mark-to-market adjustments to fuel hedges settling in future periods
          (0.17 )
 
CASM excluding special items
    11.83 ¢     13.37 ¢
Fuel expense and related taxes
    (3.55 )     (5.39 )
 
CASM excluding fuel expense and related taxes and special items
    8.28 ¢     7.98 ¢
 

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Glossary of Defined Terms
     ASM—Available Seat Mile. A measure of capacity. ASMs equal the total number of seats available for transporting passengers during a reporting period multiplied by the total number of miles flown during that period.
     CASM—(Operating) Cost per Available Seat Mile. The amount of operating cost incurred per ASM during a reporting period, also referred to as “unit cost.”
     Passenger Load Factor—A measure of utilized available seating capacity calculated by dividing RPMs by ASMs for a reporting period.
     Passenger Mile Yield or Yield—The amount of passenger revenue earned per RPM during a reporting period.
     RASM or PRASM—(Operating or Passenger) Revenue per ASM. The amount of operating or passenger revenue earned per ASM during a reporting period. Passenger RASM is also referred to as “unit revenue.”
     RPM—Revenue Passenger Mile. One revenue-paying passenger transported one mile. RPMs equal the number of revenue passengers during a reporting period multiplied by the number of miles flown by those passengers during that period. RPMs are also referred to as “traffic.”

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
     We have significant market risk exposure related to aircraft fuel prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. Market risk is the potential negative impact of adverse changes in these prices or rates on our Consolidated Financial Statements. To manage the volatility relating to these exposures, we periodically enter into derivative transactions pursuant to stated policies. We expect adjustments to the fair value of financial instruments to result in ongoing volatility in earnings and stockholders’ equity.
     The following sensitivity analyses do not consider the effects of a change in demand for air travel, the economy as a whole or actions we may take to seek to mitigate our exposure to a particular risk. For these and other reasons, the actual results of changes in these prices or rates may differ materially from the following hypothetical results.
Aircraft Fuel Price Risk
     Our results of operations are materially impacted by changes in aircraft fuel prices. In an effort to manage our exposure to this risk, we periodically enter into derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, which are comprised of crude oil, heating oil and jet fuel swap, collar and call option contracts, to hedge a portion of our projected aircraft fuel requirements, including those of our Contract Carriers under capacity purchase agreements.
     As of January 31, 2010, our open fuel hedge position for the year ending December 31, 2010 is as follows:
                         
                    Contract Fair
                Value at
    Weighted   Percentage of   January 31, 2010
    Average Contract   Projected Fuel   Based Upon $73
    Strike Price per   Requirements   per Barrel of
(in millions, unless otherwise stated)   Gallon   Hedged   Crude Oil
 
2010
                       
Crude Oil
                       
Call options
  $ 1.78       12 %   $ 81  
Collars—cap/floor
    1.90/1.66       5       1  
Swaps
    1.87       3       (13 )
Jet Fuel
                       
Swaps
    2.08       4       (13 )
 
Total
            24 %   $ 56  
 
     For 2009, aircraft fuel and related taxes, including our Contract Carriers under capacity purchase agreements, accounted for $8.3 billion, or 29%, of our total operating expense, including $1.4 billion of fuel hedge losses. The following table shows the projected impact to aircraft fuel expense and fuel hedge margin for 2010 based on the impact of our open fuel hedge contracts at January 31, 2010, assuming the following per barrel prices of crude oil:
                                 
                         
                        Fuel Hedge Margin
    (Increase) Decrease to               Received from
    Aircraft Fuel   Hedge Gain       (Posted to)
(in millions, except per barrel prices)   Expense(1)   (Loss)(2)   Net impact   Counterparties
 
$60 / barrel
  $ 1,315     $ (135 )   $ 1,180     $ (25 )
$80 / barrel
    (391 )     129       (262 )     2  
$100 / barrel
    (2,098 )     519       (1,579 )     230  
$120 / barrel
    (3,805 )     936       (2,869 )     589  
 
(1)   Projection based upon the (increase) decrease to fuel expense as compared to the estimated crude oil price per barrel of $77 and estimated aircraft fuel consumption of 3.6 billion gallons for the 11 months ending December 31, 2010.
 
(2)   Projection based upon average futures prices per gallon by contract settlement month.

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Interest Rate Risk
     Our exposure to market risk from adverse changes in interest rates is primarily associated with our long-term debt obligations. Market risk associated with our fixed and variable rate long-term debt relates to the potential reduction in fair value and negative impact to future earnings, respectively, from an increase in interest rates. We had $9.6 billion of fixed-rate long-term debt and $8.5 billion of variable-rate long-term debt at December 31, 2009. At December 31, 2009, an increase of 100 basis points in average annual interest rates would have decreased the estimated fair value of our fixed-rate long-term debt by $297 million and increased interest expense on our variable-rate long-term debt by $82 million.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
     Our results of operations may be impacted by foreign exchange rate fluctuations on the U.S. dollar value of foreign currency-denominated operating revenue and expense. Our largest exposures come from the Japanese yen and Canadian dollar. In general, a weakening yen or Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar results in (1) our operating income being unfavorably impacted to the extent net yen or Canadian dollar-denominated revenues exceed expenses and (2) recognition of a non-operating foreign currency gain due to the remeasurement of net yen or Canadian dollar-denominated liabilities. To manage exchange rate risk, we attempt to execute both our international revenue and expense transactions in the same foreign currency to the extent practicable. We believe changes in foreign currency exchange rates are not material to our results of operations.

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ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
         
    55  
 
       
    56  
 
       
    57  
 
       
    58  
 
       
    59  
 
       
    60  

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Delta Air Lines, Inc.
     We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Delta Air Lines, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2009 (Successor) and 2008 (Successor), and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2009 (Successor) and 2008 (Successor), the eight-month period ended December 31, 2007 (Successor) and the four-month period ended April 30, 2007 (Predecessor). These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
     We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
     In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Delta Air Lines, Inc. at December 31, 2009 (Successor) and 2008 (Successor), and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2009 (Successor) and 2008 (Successor), the eight-month period ended December 31, 2007 (Successor) and the four-month period ended April 30, 2007 (Predecessor), in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
     As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, Delta Air Lines, Inc. and its subsidiaries which had filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code emerged from bankruptcy on April 30, 2007. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 852, “Reorganizations,” for the Successor Company as a new entity with assets, liabilities and a capital structure having carrying values not comparable with prior periods as described in Note 1.
     We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Delta Air Lines, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 (Successor), based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 24, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Atlanta, Georgia
February 24, 2010

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DELTA AIR LINES, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
                 
    December 31,  
(in millions, except share data)   2009     2008  
 
ASSETS
Current Assets:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 4,607     $ 4,255  
Short-term investments
    71       212  
Restricted cash and cash equivalents
    423       429  
Accounts receivable, net of an allowance for uncollectible accounts of $47 and $42 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively
    1,353       1,513  
Hedge margin receivable
    7       1,139  
Expendable parts and supplies inventories, net of an allowance for obsolescence of $75 and $32 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively
    327       388  
Deferred income taxes, net
    107       401  
Prepaid expenses and other
    846       637  
 
           
Total current assets
    7,741       8,974  
 
           
 
               
Property and Equipment, Net:
               
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $2,924 and $1,558 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively
    20,433       20,627  
 
           
 
               
Other Assets:
               
Goodwill
    9,787       9,731  
Identifiable intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $451 and $354 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively
    4,829       4,944  
Other noncurrent assets
    749       808  
 
           
Total other assets
    15,365       15,483  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 43,539     $ 45,084  
 
           
 
               
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
               
Current maturities of long-term debt and capital leases
  $ 1,533     $ 1,160  
Air traffic liability
    3,074       3,385  
Accounts payable
    1,249       1,604  
Frequent flyer deferred revenue
    1,614       1,624  
Accrued salaries and related benefits
    1,037       972  
Hedge derivatives liability
    139       1,247  
Taxes payable
    525       565  
Other accrued liabilities
    626       535  
 
           
Total current liabilities
    9,797       11,092  
 
           
 
               
Noncurrent Liabilities:
               
Long-term debt and capital leases
    15,665       15,411  
Pension, postretirement and related benefits
    11,745       10,895  
Frequent flyer deferred revenue
    3,198       3,489  
Deferred income taxes, net
    1,667       1,981  
Other noncurrent liabilities
    1,222       1,342  
 
           
Total noncurrent liabilities
    33,497       33,118  
 
           
 
               
Commitments and Contingencies
               
 
               
Stockholders’ Equity:
               
Common stock at $0.0001 par value; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized, 794,873,058 and 702,685,427 shares issued at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively
           
Additional paid-in capital
    13,827       13,714  
Accumulated deficit
    (9,845 )     (8,608 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (3,563 )     (4,080 )
Treasury stock, at cost, 10,918,274 and 7,548,543 shares at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively
    (174 )     (152 )
 
           
Total stockholders’ equity
    245       874  
 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 43,539     $ 45,084  
 
           
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

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DELTA AIR LINES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
                                 
    Successor     Predecessor  
                    Eight Months     Four Months  
                    Ended     Ended  
    Year Ended December 31,     December 31,     April 30,  
(in millions, except per share data)   2009     2008     2007     2007  
 
 
                               
Operating Revenue:
                               
Passenger:
                               
Mainline
  $ 18,522     $ 15,137     $ 8,929     $ 3,829  
Regional carriers
    5,285       4,446       2,874       1,296  
 
                       
Total passenger revenue
    23,807       19,583       11,803       5,125  
Cargo
    788       686       334       148  
Other, net
    3,468       2,428       1,221       523  
 
                       
Total operating revenue
    28,063       22,697       13,358       5,796  
 
                               
Operating Expense:
                               
Aircraft fuel and related taxes
    7,384       7,346       3,416       1,270  
Salaries and related costs
    6,838       4,329       2,592       1,167  
Contract carrier arrangements
    3,823       3,766       2,271       1,004  
Contracted services
    1,595       1,062       611       299  
Depreciation and amortization
    1,536       1,266       778       386  
Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs
    1,434       1,169       663       320  
Passenger commissions and other selling expenses
    1,405       1,030       635       298  
Landing fees and other rents
    1,289       787       475       250  
Passenger service
    638       440       243       95  
Aircraft rent
    480       307       156       90  
Profit sharing
                144       14  
Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets
          7,296              
Restructuring and merger-related items
    407       1,131              
Other
    1,558       1,082       578       303  
 
                       
Total operating expense
    28,387       31,011       12,562       5,496  
 
                       
 
                               
Operating (Loss) Income
    (324 )     (8,314 )     796       300  
 
                               
Other (Expense) Income:
                               
Interest expense (contractual interest expense totaled $366 for the four months ended April 30, 2007)
    (1,278 )     (705 )     (390 )     (262 )
Interest income
    27       92       114       14  
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    (83 )                  
Miscellaneous, net
    77       (114 )     5       27  
 
                       
Total other expense, net
    (1,257 )     (727 )     (271 )     (221 )
 
                       
 
                               
(Loss) Income Before Reorganization Items, Net
    (1,581 )     (9,041 )     525       79  
 
                               
Reorganization Items, Net
                      1,215  
 
                       
 
                               
(Loss) Income Before Income Taxes
    (1,581 )     (9,041 )     525       1,294  
 
                               
Income Tax Benefit (Provision)
    344       119       (211 )     4  
 
                       
 
                               
Net (Loss) Income
  $ (1,237 )   $ (8,922 )   $ 314     $ 1,298  
 
                       
 
                               
Basic (Loss) Income per Share
  $ (1.50 )   $ (19.08 )   $ 0.80     $ 6.58  
 
                       
 
                               
Diluted (Loss) Income per Share
  $ (1.50 )   $ (19.08 )   $ 0.79     $ 4.63  
 
                       
 
                               
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

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DELTA AIR LINES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow
                                 
    Successor     Predecessor  
                    Eight Months     Four Months  
                    Ended     Ended  
    Year Ended December 31,     December 31,     April 30,  
(in millions)   2009   2008   2007   2007  
 
                               
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
                               
Net (loss) income
  $ (1,237 )   $ (8,922 )   $ 314     $ 1,298  
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
                               
Depreciation and amortization
    1,536       1,266       778       386  
Amortization of debt discount (premium), net
    370       20       (125 )      
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    83                    
Fuel hedge derivative instruments
    (148 )     (443 )     26       (46 )
Deferred income taxes
    (329 )     (119 )     211       (4 )
Pension, postretirement and postemployment expense in excess of (less than) payments
    307       (278 )     (604 )     (20 )
Equity-based compensation expense
    108       54       112        
Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets
          7,296              
Restructuring and merger-related items
          892              
Reorganization items, net
                      (1,215 )
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:
                               
Decrease in short-term investments
          36       50       426  
Decrease (increase) in receivables
    147       194       108       (123 )
Decrease (increase) in hedge margin receivables
    1,132       (680 )            
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash and cash equivalents
    79       320       473       (390 )
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets
    (61 )     (18 )     (111 )     2  
(Decrease) increase in air traffic liability
    (286 )     (374 )     (585 )     763  
(Decrease) increase in frequent flyer deferred revenue
    (298 )     (255 )     (143 )     469  
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    143       (526 )     (217 )     (263 )
Other, net
    (167 )     (170 )     47       (258 )
 
                       
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    1,379       (1,707 )     334       1,025  
 
                               
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                               
Property and equipment additions:
                               
Flight equipment, including advance payments
    (951 )     (1,281 )     (643 )     (167 )
Ground property and equipment, including technology
    (251 )     (241 )     (185 )     (41 )
(Increase) decrease in restricted cash and cash equivalents
    (59 )     609       129       56  
Decrease (increase) in short-term investments
    142       (92 )            
Increase in cash in connection with the Merger
          2,441              
Proceeds from sales of flight equipment
    100       154       84       21  
Proceeds from sales of investments
    15             83       34  
Other, net
    (4 )     8       4        
 
                       
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
    (1,008 )     1,598       (528 )     (97 )
 
                               
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                               
Payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations
    (2,891 )     (1,296 )     (1,314 )     (2,242 )
Proceeds from long-term obligations
    2,966       2,132       2,005       1,500  
Proceeds from American Express Agreement
          1,000              
Payment of short-term obligations, net
          (300 )            
Proceeds from sale of treasury stock, net of commissions
          192              
Other, net
    (94 )     (12 )     (19 )     (50 )
 
                       
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
    (19 )     1,716       672       (792 )
 
                               
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    352       1,607       478       136  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    4,255       2,648       2,170       2,034  
 
                       
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 4,607     $ 4,255     $ 2,648     $ 2,170  
 
                       
 
                               
Supplemental disclosure of cash paid for interest
  $ 867     $ 742     $ 363     $ 243  
 
                               
Non-cash transactions:
                               
Shares of Delta common stock issued or issuable in connection with the Merger
  $     $ 3,251     $     $  
Aircraft delivered under seller financing
    139                    
Flight equipment
          13             135  
Flight equipment under capital leases
    57       32       35       117  
Debt discount on American Express Agreement
          303              
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

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DELTA AIR LINES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
                                                                 
                                    Accumulated              
                            (Accumulated     Other              
                    Additional     Deficit)     Comprehensive              
    Common Stock     Paid-In     Retained     (Loss)     Treasury Stock        
(in millions, except per share data)   Shares     Amount     Capital     Earnings     Income     Shares     Amount     Total  
 
Balance at January 1, 2007 (Predecessor)
    202     $ 2     $ 1,561     $ (14,444 )   $ (518 )     5     $ (224 )   $ (13,623 )
 
Comprehensive income:
                                                               
Net income from January 1 to April 30, 2007
                      1,298                         1,298  
Other comprehensive income
                            75                   75  
 
                                                             
Total comprehensive income
                                                            1,373  
 
Balance at April 30, 2007 (Predecessor)
    202       2       1,561       (13,146 )     (443 )     5       (224 )     (12,250 )
 
Fresh start adjustments:
                                                               
Cancellation of Predecessor common stock
    (202 )     (2 )     (1,561 )                 (5 )     224       (1,339 )
Elimination of Predecessor accumulated deficit and accumulated other comprehensive loss
                      13,146       443                   13,589  
Reorganization value ascribed to Successor
                9,400                               9,400  
 
Balance at May 1, 2007 (Successor)
                9,400                               9,400  
 
Comprehensive income:
                                                               
Net income from May 1 to December 31, 2007
                      314                           314  
Other comprehensive income
                            435                     435  
 
                                                             
Total comprehensive income
                                                            749  
Shares of common stock issued pursuant to Delta’s Plan of Reorganization (Treasury shares withheld for payment of taxes, $20.32 per share)(1)
    278                               1       (20 )     (20 )
Shares of common stock issued and compensation expense associated with equity awards (Treasury shares withheld for payment of taxes, $20.56 per share)(1)
    21             112                   6       (128 )     (16 )
 
Balance at December 31, 2007 (Successor)
    299             9,512       314       435       7       (148 )     10,113  
 
Comprehensive loss:
                                                               
Net loss
                      (8,922 )                       (8,922 )
Other comprehensive loss
                            (4,515 )                 (4,515 )
 
                                                             
Total comprehensive loss
                                                          (13,437 )
Shares of common stock issued pursuant to Delta’s Plan of Reorganization
    19                                            
Shares of common stock issued and compensation expense associated with equity awards (Treasury shares withheld for payment of taxes, $10.73 per share)(1)
    1             54                         (4 )     50  
Stock options assumed in connection with the Merger
                18                               18  
Shares of common stock issued or issuable in exchange for Northwest common stock outstanding or issuable in connection with the Merger
    330             3,251                               3,251  
Shares of common stock issued or issuable in connection with the Merger (Treasury shares withheld for payment of taxes, $10.92 per share)(1)
    52             803                   16       (171 )     632  
Shares of common stock issued and compensation expense associated with vesting equity awards in connection with the Merger (Treasury shares withheld for payment of taxes, $7.99 per share)(1)
    2             75                   3       (20 )     55  
Sale of Treasury shares ($10.78 per share)(1)
                1                   (18 )     191       192  
 
Balance at December 31, 2008 (Successor)
    703             13,714       (8,608 )     (4,080 )     8       (152 )     874  
 
Comprehensive loss:
                                                               
Net loss
                      (1,237 )                       (1,237 )
Other comprehensive income
                            517                   517  
 
                                                             
Total comprehensive loss
                                                          (720 )
Shares of common stock issued pursuant to Delta’s Plan of Reorganization
    36                                            
Shares of common stock issued pursuant to Northwest’s Plan of Reorganization
    3                                            
Shares of common stock issued to Delta and Northwest pilots in connection with the Merger (Treasury shares withheld for payment of taxes, $4.55 per share)(1)
    50                                     (2 )     (2 )
Shares of common stock issued and compensation expense associated with equity awards (Treasury shares withheld for payment of taxes, $6.77 per share)(1)
    3             108                   3       (20 )     88  
Stock options exercised
                5                               5  
 
Balance at December 31, 2009 (Successor)
    795     $     $ 13,827     $ (9,845 )   $ (3,563 )     11     $ (174 )   $ 245  
 
 
(1)   Weighted average price per share
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1. BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Background
     Delta Air Lines, Inc., a Delaware corporation, provides scheduled air transportation for passengers and cargo throughout the United States (“U.S.”) and around the world.
     On October 29, 2008 (the “Closing Date”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Delta merged (the “Merger”) with and into Northwest Airlines Corporation. On the Closing Date, (1) Northwest Airlines Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Northwest Airlines, Inc. (collectively, “Northwest”), became wholly-owned subsidiaries of Delta and (2) each share of Northwest common stock outstanding on the Closing Date or issuable under Northwest’s Plan of Reorganization (as defined below) was converted into the right to receive 1.25 shares of Delta common stock.
     On December 31, 2009, Northwest Airlines, Inc. merged with and into Delta. As a result of this merger, Northwest Airlines, Inc. ceased to exist as a separate entity.
     Unless otherwise indicated, Delta Air Lines, Inc. and our wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as “Delta,” “we,” “us,” and “our.” Prior to October 30, 2008, these references do not include Northwest.
     In September 2005, we and substantially all of our subsidiaries (the “Delta Debtors”) filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”). On April 30, 2007 (the “Effective Date”), the Delta Debtors emerged from bankruptcy. Upon emergence from Chapter 11, we adopted fresh start reporting, which resulted in our becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the Consolidated Financial Statements on or after May 1, 2007 are not comparable to the Consolidated Financial Statements prior to that date.
     Fresh start reporting requires resetting the historical net book value of assets and liabilities to fair value by allocating the entity’s reorganization value to its assets and liabilities. The excess reorganization value over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible assets was recorded as goodwill on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. For additional information regarding the impact of fresh start reporting on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of the Effective Date, see Note 11.
     References in this Form 10-K to “Successor” refer to Delta on or after May 1, 2007, after giving effect to (1) the cancellation of Delta common stock issued prior to the Effective Date, (2) the issuance of new Delta common stock and certain debt securities in accordance with the Delta Debtors’ Joint Plan of Reorganization (“Delta’s Plan of Reorganization”), and (3) the application of fresh start reporting. References to “Predecessor” refer to Delta prior to May 1, 2007.
     In September 2005, Northwest and substantially all of its subsidiaries (the “Northwest Debtors”) filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. On May 31, 2007, the Northwest Debtors emerged from bankruptcy pursuant to the Northwest Debtors’ First Amended Joint and Consolidated Plan of Reorganization (“Northwest’s Plan of Reorganization”).
Basis of Presentation
     The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”). Our Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Delta Air Lines, Inc. and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. As a result of the Merger, the accounts of Northwest are included for all periods subsequent to the Closing Date.
     In preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements for the Predecessor, we distinguished transactions and events that were directly associated with the reorganization from the ongoing operations of the business. Accordingly, certain revenues, expenses, realized gains and losses and provisions for losses that were realized or incurred in the bankruptcy proceedings were recorded in reorganization items, net on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
     We eliminate all material intercompany transactions in our Consolidated Financial Statements. We do not consolidate the financial statements of any company in which we have an ownership interest of 50% or less unless we control that company or it is a variable interest entity for which we are the primary beneficiary. We did not have the power to direct the activities of any company in which we had an ownership interest of 50% or less, or have any material variable interest entity, for any period presented in our Consolidated Financial Statements.

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     We have marketing alliances with other airlines to enhance our access to domestic and international markets. These arrangements can include codesharing, reciprocal frequent flyer program benefits, shared or reciprocal access to passenger lounges, joint promotions, common use of airport gates and ticket counters, ticket office co-location and other marketing agreements. We have received antitrust immunity for certain of our marketing arrangements, which enables us to offer a more integrated route network and develop common sales, marketing and discount programs for customers. Some of our marketing arrangements provide for the sharing of revenues and expenses. Revenues and expenses associated with collaborative arrangements are presented on a gross basis in the applicable line items on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
     We evaluated the financial statements for subsequent events through the date of the filing of this Form 10-K, which is the date the financial statements were issued.
Use of Estimates
     We are required to make estimates and assumptions when preparing our Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in our Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
New Accounting Standards
     In September 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.” The standard revises guidance on (1) the determination of when individual deliverables may be treated as separate units of accounting and (2) the allocation of transaction consideration among separately identified deliverables. It also expands disclosure requirements regarding an entity’s multiple element revenue arrangements. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
     In April 2009, the FASB issued “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments.” The standard amends required disclosures about the fair value of financial instruments in interim and annual financial statements. We adopted this standard on April 1, 2009.
     In December 2008, the FASB issued “Employers’ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets.” It requires additional annual disclosures about assets held in an employer’s defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan, primarily related to categories and fair value measurements of plan assets. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2009. For additional information regarding this standard, see
Note 3.
     In March 2008, the FASB issued “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” The standard requires enhanced disclosures about (1) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (2) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for and (3) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. This standard is effective for interim and annual periods. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2009.
     In December 2007, the FASB issued “Business Combinations (revised 2007).” The standard provides guidance for recognizing and measuring goodwill acquired in a business combination and requires disclosure of information regarding the nature and financial effects of a business combination. It also revises the treatment of valuation allowance adjustments related to income tax benefits in existence prior to a business combination or prior to the adoption of fresh start reporting. Under the original standard, any reduction in the valuation allowance from the recognition of deferred tax assets is adjusted through goodwill, followed by other indefinite-lived intangible assets until the net carrying costs of these assets is zero. In contrast, this revised standard requires that any reduction in this valuation allowance be reflected through the income tax provision. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning on January 1, 2009.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
     Short-term, highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased, which primarily consist of money market funds and treasury bills, are classified as cash and cash equivalents. These investments are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value.

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Short-Term Investments
     Investments with maturities of less than one year when purchased are classified as short-term investments. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, our short-term investments were comprised of an investment in The Reserve Primary Fund (the “Primary Fund”), a money market fund that is undergoing an orderly liquidation. We record these investments as available-for-sale securities at fair value on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. For additional information regarding the Primary Fund, see Note 3.
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents
     Restricted cash and cash equivalents, which primarily consist of money market funds and time deposits, included in current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets totaled $423 million and $429 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Restricted cash recorded in other noncurrent assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets totaled $16 million and $24 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Restricted cash and cash equivalents are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value.
     At December 31, 2009 and 2008, our restricted cash and cash equivalents primarily related to cash held to meet certain projected self-insurance obligations.
Accounts Receivable
     Accounts receivable primarily consist of amounts due from credit card companies, customers of our aircraft maintenance and cargo transportation services and other airlines associated with frequent flyer programs. We provide an allowance for uncollectible accounts equal to the estimated losses expected to be incurred based on historical chargebacks, write-offs, bankruptcies and other specific analyses. Bad debt expense and write-offs were not material for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the eight months ended December 31, 2007 and the four months ended April 30, 2007.
Derivative Financial Instruments
     Our results of operations are significantly impacted by changes in aircraft fuel prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. In an effort to manage our exposure to these risks, we periodically enter into derivative instruments, including fuel, interest rate and foreign currency hedges. We recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and recognize certain changes in the fair value of derivative instruments on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
     We perform, at least quarterly, both a prospective and retrospective assessment of the effectiveness of our derivative instruments designated as hedges, including assessing the possibility of counterparty default. If we determine that a derivative is no longer expected to be highly effective, we discontinue hedge accounting prospectively and recognize subsequent changes in the fair value of the hedge in earnings. As a result of our effectiveness assessment at December 31, 2009, we believe our derivative instruments designated as hedges will continue to be highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flow or fair value attributable to the hedged risk.

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Cash flow hedges
     For derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss and reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The effective portion of the derivative represents the change in fair value of the hedge that offsets the change in fair value of the hedged item. To the extent the change in the fair value of the hedge does not perfectly offset the change in the fair value of the hedged item, the ineffective portion of the hedge is immediately recognized in other (expense) income on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. The following table summarizes the accounting treatment and classification of our cash flow hedges on our Consolidated Financial Statements:
             
        Impact of Unrealized Gains and Losses
        Consolidated   Consolidated
        Balance Sheets   Statements of Operations
Derivative Instrument(1)   Hedged Risk   Effective Portion   Ineffective Portion
 
Designated as cash flow hedges:
           
 
           
Fuel hedges consisting of crude oil, heating oil, and jet fuel swaps, collars and call options(2)
  Volatility in jet
fuel prices
  Effective portion of hedge is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss   Excess, if any, over effective portion of hedge is recorded in other (expense) income
 
           
Interest rate swaps and call options
  Increase in
interest rates
  Entire hedge is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss   Expect hedge to fully offset hedged risk; no ineffectiveness recorded
 
           
Foreign currency forwards and collars
  Fluctuations in
foreign currency
exchange rates
  Entire hedge is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss   Expect hedge to fully offset hedged risk; no ineffectiveness recorded
 
           
Not designated as hedges:
           
 
           
Fuel contracts consisting of crude oil, heating oil and jet fuel extendable swaps and three-way collars
  Volatility in jet
fuel prices
  Entire amount of change in fair value of hedge is recorded in aircraft
fuel expense and related taxes
 
(1)   In the Merger, we assumed Northwest’s outstanding hedge contracts, which included fuel, interest rate and foreign currency cash flow hedges. On the Closing Date, we designated certain of these contracts as hedges. The remaining Northwest derivative contracts did not qualify for hedge accounting and settled as of June 30, 2009.
 
(2)   Ineffectiveness on our fuel hedge option contracts is calculated using a “perfectly effective” hypothetical derivative, which acts as a proxy for the fair value of the change in expected cash flows from the purchase of aircraft fuel.
Fair value hedges
     For derivative instruments that are designated as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative and the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. We include the gain or loss on the hedged item in the same account as the offsetting loss or gain on the related derivative instrument, resulting in no impact to our Consolidated Statements of Operations. The following table summarizes the accounting treatment and classification of our fair value hedges on our Consolidated Financial Statements:
             
        Impact of Unrealized Gains and Losses
        Consolidated   Consolidated
        Balance Sheets   Statements of Operations
Derivative Instrument   Hedged Risk   Effective Portion   Ineffective Portion
 
Designated as fair value hedges:
           
Interest rate swaps
  Reduction in fair
value from an
increase in
interest rates
  Entire fair value of hedge is recorded in long-term debt and capital leases   Expect hedge to be perfectly effective at offsetting changes in fair value of the related debt; no ineffectiveness recorded
 

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Hedge Margin
     In accordance with our fuel and interest rate hedge agreements, (1) we may require counterparties to fund the margin associated with our gain position on hedge contracts and/or (2) counterparties may require us to fund the margin associated with our loss position on these contracts. The amount of the margin, if any, is periodically adjusted based on the fair value of the hedge contracts. The margin requirements are intended to mitigate a party’s exposure to market volatility and the associated contracting party risk. We do not offset margin funded to counterparties or margin funded to us by counterparties against fair value amounts recorded for our hedge contracts.
     The hedge margin we receive from counterparties is recorded, as appropriate, in cash and cash equivalents or restricted cash, with the offsetting obligation in accounts payable on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The hedge margin we provide to counterparties is recorded in hedge margin receivable or restricted cash on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. All cash flows associated with purchasing and settling fuel hedge contracts are classified as operating cash flows on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow.
     Our foreign currency hedge agreements do not require the counterparties or us to fund margin associated with our gain or loss position under those contracts.
Revenue Recognition
Passenger Revenue
     Passenger Tickets. We record sales of passenger tickets in air traffic liability on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Passenger revenue is recognized when we provide transportation or when the ticket expires unused, reducing the related air traffic liability. We periodically evaluate the estimated air traffic liability and record any resulting adjustments in our Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which the evaluations are completed. These adjustments relate primarily to refunds, exchanges, transactions with other airlines and other items for which final settlement occurs in periods subsequent to the sale of the related tickets at amounts other than the original sales price.
     Taxes and Fees. We are required to charge certain taxes and fees on our passenger tickets, including U.S. federal transportation taxes, federal security charges, airport passenger facility charges and foreign arrival and departure taxes. These taxes and fees are legal assessments on the customer for which we have an obligation to act as a collection agent. Because we are not entitled to retain these taxes and fees, we do not include such amounts in passenger revenue. We record a liability when the amounts are collected and reduce the liability when payments are made to the applicable government agency or operating carrier.
     Frequent Flyer Programs. We have a frequent flyer program (the “SkyMiles Program”) offering incentives to increase travel on Delta. This program allows participants to earn mileage credits by flying on Delta, regional air carriers with which we have contract carrier agreements (“Contract Carriers”) and participating airlines, as well as through participating companies such as credit card companies, hotels and car rental agencies. We also sell mileage credits to other airlines and to non-airline businesses. Mileage credits can be redeemed for free or upgraded air travel on Delta and participating airlines, for membership in our Sky Club and for other program awards.
     In the Merger, we assumed Northwest’s frequent flyer program (the “WorldPerks Program”). In October 2009, we completed the consolidation of the SkyMiles and WorldPerks Programs, which combined miles from each program at a one-to-one ratio. The WorldPerks Program was accounted for under the same methodology as the SkyMiles Program.
     Upon emergence from bankruptcy, we changed our accounting policy to a deferred revenue model for all frequent flyer miles. We account for all miles earned and sold as separate deliverables in a multiple element revenue arrangement.
     We use the residual method for revenue recognition of mileage credits. The fair value of the mileage credit component is determined based on prices at which we sell mileage credits to other airlines, currently $0.0054 per mile, and is re-evaluated at least annually. Under the residual method, the portion of the revenue from the sale of mileage credits and the mileage component of passenger ticket sales that approximates fair value is deferred and recognized as passenger revenue when miles are redeemed and services are provided based on the weighted-average price of all miles that have been deferred. The portion of the revenue received in excess of the fair value of mileage credits sold (the “Marketing Premium”) is recognized in income when the related marketing services are provided and classified as other, net revenue.

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     For mileage credits which we estimate are not likely to be redeemed (“Breakage”), we recognize the associated value proportionally during the period in which the remaining mileage credits are expected to be redeemed. The estimate of Breakage is based on historical redemption patterns. A change in assumptions as to the period over which mileage credits are expected to be redeemed, the actual redemption activity for mileage credits or the estimated fair value of mileage credits expected to be redeemed could have a material impact on our revenue in the year in which the change occurs and in future years.
     Prior to the adoption of fresh start reporting, we accounted for frequent flyer miles earned on Delta flights on an incremental cost basis as an accrued liability and as operating expense, while miles sold to airline and non-airline businesses were accounted for on a deferred revenue basis. For SkyMiles accounts with sufficient mileage credits to qualify for a free travel award, we recorded a liability for the estimated incremental cost of flight awards that were earned and expected to be redeemed for travel on Delta or other airlines. Our incremental costs included (1) our system average cost per passenger for fuel, food and other direct passenger costs for awards to be redeemed on Delta and (2) contractual costs for awards to be redeemed on other airlines. We periodically recorded adjustments to this liability in other operating expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and other accrued liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets based on awards earned, awards redeemed, changes in our estimated incremental costs and changes to the SkyMiles Program.
     Regional Carriers Revenue. During the year ended December 31, 2009, we had contract carrier agreements with 10 Contract Carriers, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Comair, Inc. (“Comair”), Compass Airlines, Inc. (“Compass”) and Mesaba Aviation, Inc. (“Mesaba”). Compass and Mesaba began operating as Contract Carriers on the Closing Date. Our Contract Carrier agreements are structured as either (1) capacity purchase agreements where we purchase all or a portion of the Contract Carrier’s capacity and are responsible for selling the seat inventory we purchase or (2) revenue proration agreements, which are based on a fixed dollar or percentage division of revenues for tickets sold to passengers traveling on connecting flight itineraries. We record revenue related to all of our Contract Carrier agreements as regional carriers passenger revenue. We record expenses related to our Contract Carrier agreements, excluding Comair, Compass and Mesaba, as contract carrier arrangements expense.
Cargo Revenue
     Cargo revenue is recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Operations when we provide the transportation.
Other, net Revenue
     Other, net revenue includes revenue from (1) the Marketing Premium component of the sale of mileage credits in the SkyMiles and WorldPerks Programs discussed above, (2) our sale of seats on other airlines’ flights under our alliance agreements and (3) other miscellaneous service revenue, including administrative service charges, baggage handling fees and revenue from ancillary businesses, including our aircraft maintenance and repair and staffing services. Our revenue from other airlines’ sale of seats on our flights under our alliance agreements is recorded in passenger revenue on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Long-Lived Assets
     The following table shows our property and equipment at December 31, 2009 and 2008:
                 
    December 31,
(in millions)   2009     2008  
 
Flight equipment
  $ 19,513     $ 18,237  
Accumulated depreciation
    (1,731 )     (828 )
 
           
Flight equipment, net
    17,782       17,409  
 
           
Ground property and equipment
    2,936       2,715  
Accumulated depreciation
    (949 )     (578 )
 
           
Ground property and equipment, net
    1,987       2,137  
 
           
Flight and ground equipment under capital leases
    717       708  
Accumulated amortization
    (244 )     (152 )
 
           
Flight and ground equipment under capital leases, net
    473       556  
 
           
Advance payments for equipment
    191       525  
 
Total property and equipment, net
  $ 20,433     $ 20,627  
 

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     During the year ended December 31, 2009, we sold 16 aircraft, including 10 B-757-200 aircraft, four ATR-72 aircraft, one DC-9 aircraft and one EMB-120 aircraft. We received $78 million in proceeds from these aircraft sales.
     During the year ended December 31, 2008, we sold 20 aircraft, including seven CRJ-100 aircraft, five B-757-200 aircraft, four A320-200 aircraft and four DC-9-30 aircraft. In addition, we sold two B-747-200F airframes and one EMB-120 airframe. As a result of these sales, we received $123 million in proceeds and recorded a $21 million gain.
     We record property and equipment at cost and depreciate or amortize these assets on a straight-line basis to their estimated residual values over their respective estimated useful lives. Residual values for owned spare parts and simulators are generally 5% of cost except when guaranteed by a third party for a different amount. In connection with our adoption of fresh start reporting, we increased our residual values for flight equipment from 5% to 10% of cost. Additionally, we adjusted the net book values of property and equipment to their estimated fair values and adjusted the estimated useful lives of flight equipment. The estimated useful lives for major asset classifications are as follows:
         
    Estimated Useful Life
Asset Classification   Successor   Predecessor
 
Flight equipment
  21-30 years   25 years
 
       
Capitalized software(1)
  3-7 years   5-7 years
 
       
Ground property and equipment
  3-40 years   3-40 years
 
       
Leasehold improvements(2)
  Shorter of lease term or
estimated useful life
  Shorter of lease term or
estimated useful life
 
       
Flight equipment under capital lease
  Shorter of lease term or
estimated useful life
  Shorter of lease term or
estimated useful life
 
(1)   We capitalize certain internal and external costs incurred to develop and implement internal-use software. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the eight months ended December 31, 2007 and the four months ended April 30, 2007, we recorded $95 million, $99 million, $67 million and $34 million, respectively, for amortization of internal-use software. The net book value of these assets totaled $126 million and $229 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
(2)   For leasehold improvements at certain airport facilities, we apply estimated useful lives which extend beyond the contractual lease terms.
     We record impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations when events and circumstances indicate the assets may be impaired and the estimated future cash flows generated by those assets are less than their carrying amounts. If we decide to permanently remove flight equipment or other long-lived assets from operations, we will evaluate those assets for impairment. For long-lived assets held for sale, we record impairment losses when the carrying amount is greater than the fair value less the cost to sell. We discontinue depreciation of long-lived assets when these assets are classified as held for sale.
     To determine impairments for aircraft used in operations, we group assets at the fleet-type level (the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows) and then estimate future cash flows based on projections of capacity, passenger mile yield, fuel costs, labor costs and other relevant factors. If impairment occurs, the impairment loss recognized is the amount by which the aircraft’s carrying amount exceeds its estimated fair value. We estimate aircraft fair values using published sources, appraisals and bids received from third parties, as available.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
     Goodwill reflects (1) the excess of the reorganization value of the Successor over the fair values of tangible and identifiable intangible assets, net of liabilities, from the adoption of fresh start reporting, adjusted for impairment and (2) the excess of purchase price over the fair values of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Northwest in the Merger.
     Identifiable intangible assets reflect intangible assets (1) recorded as a result of our adoption of fresh start reporting upon emergence from bankruptcy and (2) acquired in the Merger. Indefinite-lived assets are not amortized. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis or under the undiscounted cash flows method over the estimated economic life of the respective agreements and contracts. Costs incurred to renew or extend the term of an intangible asset are expensed as incurred.
     We apply a fair value-based impairment test to the net book value of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets on an annual basis and, if certain events or circumstances indicate that an impairment loss may have been incurred, on an interim basis. The annual impairment test date for our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets is October 1.

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     In evaluating our goodwill for impairment, we first compare our one reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying value. We estimate the fair value of our reporting unit by considering (1) our market capitalization, (2) any premium to our market capitalization an investor would pay for a controlling interest, (3) the potential value of synergies and other benefits that could result from such interest, (4) market multiple and recent transaction values of peer companies and (5) projected discounted future cash flows, if reasonably estimable. If the reporting unit’s fair value exceeds its carrying value, no further testing is required. If, however, the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, we then determine the amount of the impairment charge, if any. We recognize an impairment charge if the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.
     We perform the impairment test for our indefinite-lived intangible assets by comparing the asset’s fair value to its carrying value. Fair value is estimated based on (1) recent market transactions, where available, (2) the lease savings method for airport slots (which reflects potential lease savings from owning the slots rather than leasing them from another airline at market rates), (3) the royalty method for the Delta tradename (which assumes hypothetical royalties generated from using our tradename) or (4) projected discounted future cash flows. We recognize an impairment charge if the asset’s carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value.
     Changes in assumptions or circumstances could result in an additional impairment in the period in which the change occurs and in future years. Factors which could cause impairment include, but are not limited to, (1) negative trends in our market capitalization, (2) volatile fuel prices, (3) declining passenger mile yields, (4) lower passenger demand as a result of the weakened U.S. and global economy, (5) interruption to our operations due to an employee strike, terrorist attack, or other reasons, (6) changes to the regulatory environment and (7) consolidation of competitors in the industry.
Interest Expense
     Interest expense recorded on our Consolidated Statements of Operations totaled $1.3 billion and $705 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, $390 million for the eight months ended December 31, 2007 and $262 million for the four months ended April 30, 2007. Contractual interest expense (including interest expense that was associated with obligations classified as liabilities subject to compromise) totaled $366 million for the four months ended April 30, 2007. While operating as a debtor-in-possession under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, we recorded interest expense only to the extent (1) interest would be paid during our Chapter 11 proceedings or (2) it was probable interest would be an allowed priority, secured or unsecured claim.
Income Taxes
     We account for deferred income taxes under the liability method. Under this method, we recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the tax effects of temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities, as measured by current enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when necessary. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded net as current and noncurrent deferred income taxes on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
     Our income tax provisions are based on calculations and assumptions that are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) and other taxing authorities. Although we believe that the positions taken on previously filed tax returns are reasonable, we have established tax and interest reserves in recognition that taxing authorities may challenge the positions we have taken, which could result in additional liabilities for taxes and interest. We review the reserves as circumstances warrant and adjust the reserves as events occur that affect our potential liability, such as lapsing of applicable statutes of limitations, conclusion of tax audits, a change in exposure based on current calculations, identification of new issues, release of administrative guidance or the rendering of a court decision affecting a particular issue. We would adjust the income tax provision in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.
Long-Term Investments
     Investments with maturities of greater than one year when purchased are recorded at fair value in other noncurrent assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our long-term investments are comprised of student loan backed auction rate securities classified as available-for-sale and insured auction rate securities classified as trading securities. Any change in the fair value of these securities is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss or earnings, as appropriate. For additional information regarding our auction rate securities, see Note 3.
Deferred Gains on Sale and Leaseback Transactions
     We amortize deferred gains on the sale and leaseback of property and equipment under operating leases over the lives of these leases. The amortization of these gains is recorded as a reduction to rent expense. Gains on the sale and leaseback of property and equipment under capital leases reduce the carrying value of the related assets.

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Manufacturers’ Credits
     We periodically receive credits in connection with the acquisition of aircraft and engines. These credits are deferred until the aircraft and engines are delivered, and then applied on a pro rata basis as a reduction to the cost of the related equipment.
Maintenance Costs
     We record maintenance costs to aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Maintenance costs are expensed as incurred, except for costs incurred under power-by-the-hour contracts, which are expensed based on actual hours flown. Power-by-the-hour contracts transfer certain risk to third party service providers and fix the amount we pay per flight hour to the service provider in exchange for maintenance and repairs under a predefined maintenance program. Modifications that enhance the operating performance or extend the useful lives of airframes or engines are capitalized and amortized over the remaining estimated useful life of the asset or the remaining lease term, whichever is shorter.
Inventories
     Inventories of expendable parts related to flight equipment are carried at moving average cost and charged to operations as consumed. An allowance for obsolescence is provided over the remaining useful life of the related fleet for spare parts expected to be available at the date aircraft are retired from service. We also provide allowances for parts identified as excess or obsolete to reduce the carrying costs to the lower of cost or net realizable value. These parts are assumed to have an estimated residual value of 5% of the original cost. In connection with our adoption of fresh start reporting upon emergence from bankruptcy, we recorded our expendable parts inventories at fair value.
Advertising Costs
     We expense advertising costs as other selling expenses in the year incurred. Advertising expense was $176 million and $114 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, $121 million for the eight months ended December 31, 2007 and $51 million for the four months ended April 30, 2007.
Commissions
     We record passenger commissions in prepaid expenses and other on our Consolidated Balance Sheets when the related passenger tickets are sold. Passenger commissions are recognized in operating expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations when the related revenue is recognized.
Stock-Based Compensation
     We measure the cost of employee services in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The fair value of our stock options is estimated using an option pricing model. The cost of equity awards granted to employees is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award (usually the vesting period of the award).
Reclassifications
     We reclassified certain prior period amounts, none of which were material, to conform to our current period presentation. The reclassifications to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow were within cash flows from operating activities and do not impact total net cash provided by or used in operating activities for any period. The adjustments to the Consolidated Statements of Operations do not impact total operating expense or net income for any period.
     We reclassified travel and incidental expenses, primarily crew meals and lodging expenses, from salaries and related costs to other operating expense. These expenses amount to $308 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, $173 million for the eight months ended December 31, 2007 and $82 million for the four months ended April 30, 2007. We also adjusted our Consolidated Statements of Operations for certain costs incurred to provide services to our Contract Carriers, excluding Comair, Compass and Mesaba; these costs are recorded as a reduction to salaries and related costs and contracted services, as appropriate, rather than as a reduction to other operating expense. These costs amount to $256 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, $181 million for the eight months ended December 31, 2007 and $80 million for the four months ended April 30, 2007.

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NOTE 2. NORTHWEST MERGER
     On the Closing Date, Northwest became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Delta. Northwest was a major air carrier that provided scheduled air transportation for passengers and cargo throughout the U.S. and around the world.
     We believe the Merger better positions us to manage through economic cycles and volatile fuel prices, invest in our fleet, improve services for customers and achieve our strategic objectives. We also believe the Merger will generate significant annual revenue and cost synergies from more effective aircraft utilization, a more comprehensive and diversified route system and reduced overhead and improved operational efficiency.
     As a result of the Merger, each share of Northwest common stock outstanding on the Closing Date or issuable under Northwest’s Plan of Reorganization was converted into the right to receive 1.25 shares of Delta common stock. We issued, or expect to issue, a total of 339 million shares of Delta common stock for these purposes, or approximately 41% of the sum of the shares of Delta common stock (1) outstanding on the Closing Date (including shares issued to Northwest stockholders in the Merger), (2) issuable in exchange for shares of Northwest common stock reserved for issuance under Northwest’s Plan of Reorganization, (3) reserved for issuance under Delta’s Plan of Reorganization and (4) issuable to our employees in connection with the Merger.
     The purchase price paid to effect the Merger was allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Northwest based on their estimated fair values as of the Closing Date. The Merger was valued at $3.4 billion. This amount was derived from (1) the 339 million shares of Delta common stock we issued or expect to issue, as discussed above, at a price of $9.60 per share, the average closing price of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the five consecutive trading days that include the two trading days before, the day of and the two trading days after the public announcement on April 14, 2008 of the then planned Merger and (2) capitalized Merger-related transaction costs. The purchase price also included the fair value of Delta stock options and other equity awards issued on the Closing Date in exchange for similar securities of Northwest. Northwest stock options and other equity awards vested on the Closing Date and were assumed by Delta and modified to provide for the purchase of Delta common stock. The number of shares and, if applicable, the price per share were adjusted for the 1.25 exchange ratio. Vested stock options held by employees of Northwest were considered part of the purchase price.
     The purchase price was calculated as follows:
         
(in millions, except per share data)        
 
Shares of Northwest common stock exchanged
    271  
Exchange ratio
    1.25  
 
Shares of Delta common stock issued or issuable
    339  
Price per share
  $ 9.60  
 
Fair value of Delta common stock issued or issuable
  $ 3,251  
Fair value of outstanding Northwest stock options
    18  
Delta transaction costs
    84  
 
Total purchase price
  $ 3,353  
 

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     The table below represents the allocation of the total consideration to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Northwest in the Merger based on our estimate of their respective fair values on the Closing Date:
         
(in millions)        
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 2,441  
Other current assets
    2,732  
Property and equipment
    8,536  
Goodwill
    4,632  
Identifiable intangible assets
    2,701  
Other noncurrent assets
    292  
Long-term debt and capital leases
    (6,239 )
Pension and postretirement related benefits
    (4,010 )
Air traffic liability and frequent flyer deferred revenue
    (3,802 )
Other liabilities assumed
    (3,930 )
 
Total purchase price
  $ 3,353  
 
     The excess of the purchase price over the fair values of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Northwest in the Merger was allocated to goodwill. We believe that the portion of the purchase price attributable to goodwill represents the benefits expected to be realized from the Merger, as discussed above. This goodwill is not deductible or amortizable for tax purposes.
     The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired:
                 
    Weighted-        
    Average Life in     Gross Carrying  
(in millions)   Years     Amount  
 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
               
International routes and slots
    N/A     $ 2,140  
SkyTeam alliance
    N/A       380  
Domestic routes and slots
    N/A       110  
Other
    N/A       1  
 
             
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets
          $ 2,631  
 
               
Definite-lived intangible assets:
               
Northwest tradename
    1.5       40  
Marketing agreements
    14       26  
Domestic routes and slots
    1       4  
 
             
Total definite-lived intangible assets
    6     $ 70  
 
Total identifiable intangible assets
          $ 2,701  
 
     The following unaudited pro forma combined results of operations give effect to the Merger as if it had occurred at the beginning of the periods presented. The unaudited pro forma combined results of operations do not purport to represent Delta’s consolidated results of operations had the Merger occurred on the dates assumed, nor are these results necessarily indicative of Delta’s future consolidated results of operations. We expect to realize significant benefits from integrating the operations of Delta and Northwest, as discussed above, and to incur certain one-time cash costs. The unaudited pro forma combined results of operations do not reflect these benefits or costs. Additionally, to improve the comparability of the information presented, the unaudited pro forma combined results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2007 include pro forma historical results of operations of Delta and Northwest adjusted to reflect (1) the impact of fresh start reporting as if both companies had emerged from bankruptcy on January 1, 2007 and (2) changes in accounting principles as if adoption had occurred on January 1, 2007.

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    Year Ended
    December 31,
(in millions, except per share data)   2008(1)(2)   2007
 
Operating revenue
  $34,288     $ 31,781  
Net (loss) income
    (14,706 )     601  
Basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share
    (18.13 )     0.74  
 
(1)   Includes a $1.1 billion one-time primarily non-cash charge related to the issuance or vesting of employee equity awards in connection with the Merger.
 
(2)   Includes $11.6 billion in non-cash charges from impairments of goodwill and other intangible assets for Delta and Northwest prior to the Closing Date. For additional information, see Note 5.
NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
     Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. A three-tier fair value hierarchy is used to prioritize the inputs in measuring fair value as follows:
    Level 1. Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
 
    Level 2. Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and
 
    Level 3. Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
     Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of three valuation techniques identified in the tables below. Where more than one technique is noted, individual assets or liabilities were valued using one or more of the noted techniques. The valuation techniques are as follows:
  (a)   Market approach. Prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities;
 
  (b)   Cost approach. Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost); and
 
  (c)   Income approach. Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount based on market expectations (including present value techniques, option-pricing and excess earnings models).
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
                                         
                    Significant        
            Quoted   Other   Significant    
            Prices In   Observable   Unobservable    
    December 31,   Active Markets   Inputs   Inputs   Valuation
(in millions)   2009   (Level 1)   (Level 2)   (Level 3)   Technique
 
Cash equivalents
  $ 4,335     $ 4,335     $     $       (a)  
Short-term investments
    71                   71       (c)  
Restricted cash equivalents
    435       435                   (a)  
Long-term investments
    129                   129       (c)  
Hedge derivatives asset, net
    108             108             (a)(c)  
 
                                         
                    Significant        
            Quoted   Other   Significant    
            Prices In   Observable   Unobservable    
    December 31,   Active Markets   Inputs   Inputs   Valuation
(in millions)   2008   (Level 1)   (Level 2)   (Level 3)   Technique
 
Cash equivalents
    $4,020     $ 4,020     $     $       (a)
Short-term investments
    212                   212       (c)  
Restricted cash equivalents
    128       128                   (a)  
Long-term investments
    121                   121       (c)  
Hedge derivatives liability, net
    (1,109 )           (18 )     (1,091 )     (a)(c)  
 

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     Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Equivalents. Short-term, highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased, which primarily consist of money market funds, treasury bills and time deposits, are classified as cash equivalents. These investments are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value.
     Short-Term Investments. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, our short-term investments were comprised of an investment in the Primary Fund, a money market fund that is undergoing an orderly liquidation. We record these investments as available-for-sale securities at fair value.
     At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the fair value of our investment in the Primary Fund was $71 million and $212 million, respectively. At December 31, 2009, the cost of our remaining investment was $84 million. In mid-September 2008, the net asset value of the Primary Fund decreased below $1 per share because the Primary Fund valued at zero its holdings of debt securities issued by Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. (“Lehman Brothers”), which filed for bankruptcy on September 15, 2008. Accordingly, we recorded an other than temporary impairment of $13 million as an unrealized loss to the cost basis of our pro rata share of the estimated loss in this investment.
     During 2008, due to uncertainty regarding the timing of the distribution of our holdings in the Primary Fund and the amount expected to be received from the distribution, we changed our valuation technique for the Primary Fund to an income approach using a discounted cash flow model. Accordingly, our short-term investments at December 31, 2008, comprised of these securities, changed from Level 1 to Level 3 since initial valuation upon acquisition.
     On January 29, 2010, we received $73 million in principal from the Primary Fund under a court approved plan of distribution. Combined with previous distributions from the Primary Fund, we have now received 99% of our original investment.
     Long-Term Investments. We record our investments in student loan backed auction rate securities as available-for-sale securities at fair value. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the fair value of our student loan backed auction rate securities was $45 million and $38 million, respectively. The cost of these investments was $45 million.
     We record our investments in insured auction rate securities as trading securities at fair value. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the fair value of our insured auction rate securities was $83 million. The cost of these investments was $110 million.
     Due to the protracted failure in the auction process and contractual maturities averaging 31 years for our student loan backed auction rate securities and 26 years for our insured auction rate securities, we have classified our auction rate securities as long-term within other noncurrent assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
     Because auction rate securities are not actively traded, fair values were estimated by discounting the cash flows expected to be received over the remaining maturities of the underlying securities. We based the valuations on our assessment of observable yields on instruments bearing comparable risks and consider the creditworthiness of the underlying debt issuer. Changes in market conditions could result in further adjustments to the fair value of these securities.
     Hedge Derivatives. Our results of operations are significantly impacted by changes in aircraft fuel prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. In an effort to manage our exposure to these risks, we periodically enter into derivative instruments, including fuel, interest rate and foreign currency hedges. These derivative instruments are comprised of contracts that are privately negotiated with counterparties without going through a public exchange. Accordingly, our fair value assessments give consideration to the risk of counterparty default (as well as our own credit risk).
    Aircraft Fuel Derivatives. Our aircraft fuel derivative instruments consist of crude oil, heating oil and jet fuel swap, collar, and call option contracts. Swap contracts are valued under the income approach using a discounted cash flow model based on data either readily observable or derived from public markets. Accordingly, we have classified these contracts in Level 2.
 
      Option contracts are valued under the income approach using option pricing models. Historically, we have based our valuation assessments for our option contracts on data either readily observable in public markets, derived from public markets or provided by counterparties who regularly trade in public markets. During 2008, we reevaluated certain valuation inputs used for our option contracts. As a result, we reclassified these contracts from Level 2 to Level 3 since valuation at December 31, 2007. During 2009, we implemented systems that better provide for the evaluation of these inputs against market data and we no longer rely on data provided by counterparties as a source for our valuation assessments. Accordingly, we believe a reclassification of our option contracts to Level 2 is appropriate.
 
    Interest Rate Derivatives. Our interest rate derivative instruments consist of swap and call option contracts and are valued primarily based on data readily observable in public markets.

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    Foreign Currency Derivatives. Our foreign currency derivative instruments consist of Japanese yen and Canadian dollar forward and collar contracts and are valued based on data readily observable in public markets.
Plan Assets
                                         
                    Significant        
            Quoted   Other   Significant    
            Prices In   Observable   Unobservable    
    December 31,   Active Markets   Inputs   Inputs   Valuation
(in millions)   2009   (Level 1)   (Level 2)   (Level 3)   Technique
 
Common stock
                                       
U.S.
  $ 1,661     $ 1,661     $     $       (a)  
Non-U.S.
    842       842                   (a)  
Mutual funds
                                       
U.S.
    851       2       849             (a)  
Non-U.S.
    251             251             (a)  
Non-U.S. emerging markets
    335       55       280             (a)  
Diversified fixed income
    310             310             (a)  
High yield
    317             271       46       (a)(c)  
Commingled funds
                                       
U.S.
    891             891             (a)  
Non-U.S.
    187             187             (a)  
Non-U.S. emerging markets
    86             86             (a)  
Diversified fixed income
    346             346             (a)  
High yield
    50             50             (a)  
Alternative investments
                                       
Limited partnerships
    1,251                   1,251       (a)(c)  
Real estate and natural resources
    336                   336       (a)(c)  
Fixed income
    389             389             (a)(c)  
Cash equivalents and other
    649       43       606             (a)  
         
Total plan assets
  $ 8,752     $ 2,603     $ 4,516     $ 1,633          
         
     Common Stock. Common stock is valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded.
     Mutual and Commingled Funds. These funds are valued using the net asset value, which is based on quoted market prices of the underlying assets owned by the fund minus its liabilities and then divided by the number of shares outstanding.
     Alternative Investments. The valuation of alternative investments requires significant judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices, the inherent lack of liquidity and the long-term nature of such assets; therefore these assets are generally classified in Level 3. Alternative investments include limited partnerships, real estate, oil and gas and timberland. Investments are valued based upon recommendations of our investment managers. The investment managers’ values are from valuation models where one or more of the significant inputs into the model cannot be observed and which require the development of relevant assumptions. We also assess the potential for adjustment to the fair value of these investments due to the lag in the availability of data. In these cases, we solicit preliminary valuation updates at year-end from the investment managers and use that information and corroborating data from public markets to determine any needed adjustments to fair value.
     Fixed Income. Investments include corporate bonds, government bonds, collateralized mortgage obligations, and other asset backed securities. These investments are generally valued at the bid price or the average of the bid and asked price. Prices are obtained from independent pricing services and are based on pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or broker quotes.
     Cash Equivalents and Other. These investments primarily consist of short term investment funds, which are valued using the net asset value based on the value of the underlying assets minus the liabilities and then divided by the number of shares outstanding. Cash is not included in the table above.

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Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
                         
    December 31,   December 31,
    2009   2008
    Hedge           Hedge
    Derivatives   Plan   Derivatives
(in millions)   Asset, Net   Assets   Liability, Net
 
Balance at beginning of period
  $ (1,091 )   $ 1,797     $  
Liabilities assumed from Northwest
                (567 )
Change in fair value included in earnings
    (1,232 )           (203 )
Change in fair value included in other comprehensive income (loss)
    1,230       (56 )     (1,298 )
Purchases and settlements, net
    1,199       (108 )     924  
Transfers from/to Level 3
    (106 )           53  
 
Balance at end of period
  $     $ 1,633     $ (1,091 )
 
     (Losses) gains included in earnings above for hedge derivatives for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 are recorded on our Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows:
                                 
    December 31,   December 31,
    2009   2008
    Aircraft           Aircraft    
    Fuel Expense   Other   Fuel Expense   Other
    and Related   (Expense)   and Related   (Expense)
(in millions)   Taxes   Income   Taxes   Income
 
Total (losses) gains included in earnings
  $ (1,263 )   $ 31     $ (176 )   $ (27 )
 
Change in unrealized gains (losses) relating to assets and liabilities still held at end of period
  $     $ 26     $ (91 )   $ (5 )
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
                                 
    December 31,   December 31,    
    2009   2008    
    Significant   Significant        
    Unobservable   Unobservable   Total   Valuation
(in millions)   Inputs (Level 3)   Inputs (Level 3)   Impairment   Technique
 
Goodwill(1)
  $ 9,787     $ 9,731     $ 6,939       (a)(b)(c)  
Indefinite-lived intangible assets(2) (3)
    4,304       4,314       314       (a)(c)  
Definite-lived intangible assets(3)
    525       630       43       (c)  
 
(1)   In evaluating our goodwill for impairment, we first compare our one reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying value. We estimate the fair value of our reporting unit by considering (1) our market capitalization, (2) any premium to our market capitalization an investor would pay for a controlling interest, (3) the potential value of synergies and other benefits that could result from such interest, (4) market multiple and recent transaction values of peer companies and (5) projected discounted future cash flows, if reasonably estimable.
 
(2)   We perform the impairment test for our indefinite-lived intangible assets by comparing the asset’s fair value to its carrying value. Fair value is estimated based on (1) recent market transactions, where available, (2) the lease savings method for airport slots (which reflects potential lease savings from owning slots rather than leasing them from another airline at market rates), (3) the royalty method for the Delta tradename (which assumes hypothetical royalties generated from using our tradename) or (4) projected discounted future cash flows.
 
(3)   We valued our identified intangible assets upon emergence from bankruptcy primarily using the income approach valuation technique. Key assumptions used in this valuation include: (1) management’s projections of Delta’s revenues, expenses and cash flows for future years; (2) an estimated weighted average cost of capital of 10%; (3) assumed discount rates ranging from 12% to 15%, depending on the nature of the asset; and (4) a tax rate of 39.2%. Accordingly, the fair values are estimates, which are inherently subject to significant uncertainties, and actual results could vary significantly from these estimates.

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Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed from Northwest
                                 
            Significant   Significant    
            Other   Unobservable    
    October 29,   Observable   Inputs   Valuation
(in millions)   2008   Inputs (Level 2)   (Level 3)(1)   Technique
 
Flight equipment
  $ 7,946     $ 7,946     $       (a)  
Other property and equipment
    590       590             (a)(b)  
Goodwill(2)
    4,632             4,632       (a)(b)(c)  
Indefinite-lived intangible assets(2)
    2,631             2,631       (a)(c)  
Definite-lived intangible assets(2)
    70             70       (c)  
Other noncurrent assets
    261       181       80       (a)(b)  
Debt and capital leases
    6,239       6,239             (a)(c)  
WorldPerks deferred revenue(3)
    2,034             2,034       (a)  
Other noncurrent liabilities
    224       224             (a)  
 
(1)   These valuations were based on the present value of future cash flows for specific assets derived from our projections of future revenue, expense and airline market conditions. These cash flows were discounted to their present value using a rate of return that considers the relative risk of not realizing the estimated annual cash flows and time value of money.
 
(2)   Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Northwest in the Merger. Indefinite-lived and definite-lived intangible assets are identified by type in Note 5. Fair value measurements for goodwill and other intangible assets included significant unobservable inputs, which generally include a five-year business plan, 12 months of historical revenues and expenses by city pair, projections of available seat miles, revenue passenger miles, load factors, operating costs per available seat mile and a discount rate.
 
    One of the significant unobservable inputs underlying the intangible fair value measurements performed on the Closing Date is the discount rate. We determined the discount rate using the weighted average cost of capital of the airline industry, which was measured using a Capital Asset Pricing Model (“CAPM”). The CAPM in the valuation of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles utilized a 50% debt and 50% equity structure. The historical average debt-to-equity structure of the major airlines since 1990 is also approximately 50% debt and 50% equity, which was similar to Northwest’s debt-to-equity structure at emergence from Chapter 11. The return on debt was measured using a bid-to-yield analysis of major airline corporate bonds. The expected market rate of return for equity was measured based on the risk free rate, the airline industry beta and risk premiums based on the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H. 15 or Ibbotson® Stocks, Bonds, Bills, and Inflation® Valuation Yearbook, Edition 2008. These factors resulted in a 13% discount rate.
 
(3)   The fair value of Northwest’s WorldPerks Program liability was determined based on the estimated price that third parties would require us to pay for them to assume the obligation for miles expected to be redeemed under the WorldPerks Program. This estimated price was determined based on the weighted-average equivalent ticket value of a WorldPerks award, which is redeemed for travel on Northwest, Delta or a participating airline. The weighted-average equivalent ticket value contemplates differing classes of service, domestic and international itineraries and the carrier providing the award travel.
Fair Value of Debt
     Market risk associated with our fixed and variable rate long-term debt relates to the potential reduction in fair value and negative impact to future earnings, respectively, from an increase in interest rates. The following table presents information about our debt:
                 
    December 31,   December 31,
(in millions)   2009   2008
 
Total debt at par value
  $ 18,068     $ 17,865  
Unamortized discount, net
    (1,403 )     (1,859 )
 
Net carrying amount
  $ 16,665     $ 16,006  
 
Fair value(1)
  $ 15,427     $ 12,695  
 
(1)   The aggregate fair value of debt was based primarily on reported market values and recently completed market transactions.

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NOTE 4. RISK MANAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
     The following tables reflect the estimated fair value asset (liability) position of our hedge contracts:
                                             
    December 31, 2009
                        Hedge   Other   Hedge
    Notional   Maturity           Derivatives   Noncurrent   Margin
(in millions, unless otherwise stated)   Balance   Date   Assets   Liability   Liabilities   Payable, net
 
Designated as hedges
                                           
Fuel hedge swaps, collars and call options
  795 million gallons - crude oil, heating oil, jet fuel   January 2010 - December 2010   $ 180     $ (89 )   $          
 
                                           
Interest rate swaps and call options designated as cash flow hedges
  $ 1,478     September 2010 - May 2019     2       (38 )     (9 )        
 
                                           
Foreign currency exchange forwards
  55.8 billion Japanese Yen; 295 million Canadian Dollars   January 2010 - September 2012     1       (12 )     (12 )        
                         
Total derivative instruments
              $ 183     $ (139 )   $ (21 )   $ (10 )
 
 
 
                                                     
    December 31, 2008
                                Hedge   Other   Hedge
    Notional   Maturity           Accounts   Derivatives   Noncurrent   Margin
(in millions, unless otherwise stated)   Balance   Date   Assets   Payable   Liability   Liabilities   Receivable
 
Designated as hedges
                                                   
 
                                                   
Fuel hedge swaps, collars and call options(1)
  1.9 billion gallons - crude oil, heating oil, jet fuel   January 2009 - December 2010   $ 26     $ (66 )   $ (849 )   $          
 
                                                   
Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges(2)
  $ 1,000     September 2011 - July 2012     91                            
 
                                                   
Interest rate swaps and call options designated as cash flow hedges(3)
  $ 1,700     December 2009 - May 2019                 (32 )     (63 )        
 
                                                   
Foreign currency exchange forwards and collars(3)
  45.0 billion Japanese Yen   January - December 2009                 (48 )              
                         
Total designated
                117       (66 )     (929 )     (63 )        
Not designated as hedges
                                                   
 
                                                   
Fuel swap and collar contracts(3)
  180 million gallons - crude oil, heating oil, jet fuel   January - June 2009           (119 )     (318 )              
                         
Total not designated
                      (119 )     (318 )              
                         
Total derivative instruments
              $ 117     $ (185 )   $ (1,247 )   $ (63 )   $ 1,139  
 
(1)   Includes $163 million in hedges assumed from Northwest in the Merger.
 
(2)   Includes $17 million in accrued interest receivables related to these interest rate swaps. In accordance with fair value hedge accounting, the carrying value of our long-term debt at December 31, 2008 included $74 million of fair value adjustments.
 
(3)   Represents derivative contracts assumed from Northwest in the Merger.

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Aircraft Fuel Price Risk
Hedge Position
     Our results of operations are materially impacted by changes in aircraft fuel prices. In an effort to manage our exposure to this risk, we periodically enter into derivative instruments comprised of crude oil, heating oil and jet fuel swap, collar and call option contracts to hedge a portion of our projected aircraft fuel requirements, including those of our Contract Carriers under capacity purchase agreements. As of December 31, 2009, our open fuel hedge contracts had an estimated fair value asset position of $179 million, which is recorded in prepaid expenses and other on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2009, we have hedged approximately 20% of our projected fuel consumption for 2010.
     In the Merger, we assumed all of Northwest’s outstanding fuel hedge contracts. On the Closing Date, we designated certain of Northwest’s derivative instruments, comprised of crude oil collar and swap contracts, as hedges. All Northwest fuel hedge contracts settled as of June 30, 2009.
Hedge Gains (Losses)
     Gains (losses) recorded on our Consolidated Financial Statements related to our fuel hedge contracts are as follows:
                                                                 
                                    Effective Portion Reclassified from Accumulated Other
    Effective Portion Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)   Comprehensive Loss to Earnings
    Successor   Predecessor   Successor   Predecessor
                    Eight Months                           Eight Months    
    Year Ended   Ended   Four Months   Year Ended   Ended   Four Months
    December 31,   December 31,   Ended April 30,   December 31,   December 31,   Ended April 30,
(in millions)   2009   2008   2007   2007   2009   2008(4)   2007   2007
 
Designated as hedges
                                                               
Fuel hedge swaps, collars and call options(1)
  $ 1,268     $ (1,268 )   $ 27     $ 69     $ (1,344 )   $26   $ 59     $ (8 )
Interest rate swaps and call options designated as cash flow hedges(2)
    51       (94 )                                    
Foreign currency exchange forwards and collars(3)
    11       (33 )                 (6 )                  
 
Total designated
  $ 1,330     $ (1,395 )   $ 27     $ 69     $ (1,350 )   $26     $ 59     $ (8 )
 
(1)   Gains and losses on fuel hedge contracts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss are recorded in aircraft fuel and related taxes.
 
(2)   Losses on interest rate swaps and call options reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss are recorded in interest expense.
 
(3)   Losses on foreign currency exchange contracts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss are recorded in passenger and cargo revenue.
 
(4)   We recorded a mark-to-market adjustment of $91 million related to Northwest derivative contracts settling in 2009 that were not designated as hedges for the year ended December 31, 2008.
     Ineffectiveness gains (losses) recognized on our fuel hedge contracts in other (expense) income on our Consolidated Statements of Operations was $57 million and $(20) million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, $(13) million for the eight months ended December 31, 2007 and $14 million for the four months ended April 30, 2007.
     We recorded a loss of $15 million to aircraft fuel and related taxes on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2009 related to Northwest derivative contracts that were not designated as hedges. As of December 31, 2009, we recorded in other comprehensive loss on our Consolidated Balance Sheet $15 million of net gains on our hedge contracts scheduled to settle in the next 12 months.

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     In September 2008, one of our fuel hedge contract counterparties, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy. As a result, we terminated our fuel hedge contracts with Lehman Brothers prior to their scheduled settlement dates. Additionally, during the December 2008 quarter, we terminated certain fuel hedge contracts with other counterparties to reduce our exposure to projected fuel hedge losses due to the decrease in crude oil prices. We recorded an unrealized loss of $324 million, which represents the effective portion of these terminated contracts at the date of settlement, in accumulated other comprehensive loss on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. These losses were reclassified in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in accordance with their original contract settlement dates through December 2009. The ineffective portion of these contracts at the date of settlement resulted in an $11 million charge, which we recorded to other (expense) income on our Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008.
     Prior to the adoption of fresh start reporting, we recorded as a component of stockholders’ deficit a $46 million unrealized gain related to our fuel hedging program. This gain would have been recognized as an offset to aircraft fuel expense and related taxes as the underlying fuel hedge contracts were settled. However, as required by fresh start reporting, our accumulated stockholders’ deficit and accumulated other comprehensive loss were reset to zero. Accordingly, fresh start reporting adjustments eliminated the unrealized gain and increased aircraft fuel expense and related taxes by $46 million for the eight months ended December 31, 2007.
Interest Rate Risk
     Our exposure to market risk from adverse changes in interest rates is associated with our long-term debt obligations, cash portfolio, workers’ compensation obligations and pension, postemployment and postretirement benefits. Market risk associated with our fixed and variable rate long-term debt relates to the potential reduction in fair value and negative impact to future earnings, respectively, from an increase in interest rates.
     Cash Flow Hedges. In the Merger, we assumed Northwest’s outstanding interest rate swap and call option agreements. On the Closing Date, we designated these derivative instruments as cash flow hedges for purposes of converting our interest rate exposure on a portion of our debt portfolio from a floating rate to a fixed rate. The floating rates are based on three month LIBOR plus a margin. These interest rate swap and call option agreements had a net fair value loss of $45 million at December 31, 2009.
     Fair Value Hedges. During the June 2008 quarter, we entered into interest rate swap agreements designated as fair value hedges with an aggregate notional amount of $1.0 billion to convert our interest rate exposure on a portion of our debt portfolio from a fixed rate to a floating rate. These interest rate swap agreements had a fair value gain of $74 million and a corresponding interest receivable of $17 million, which were recorded in other noncurrent assets and accounts receivable, respectively, on our Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2008. In accordance with fair value accounting, the carrying value of our long-term debt at December 31, 2008 included $74 million of fair value adjustments.
     During the June 2009 quarter, we terminated our interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges, resulting in $65 million in cash proceeds from counterparties. Due to the fair value gain position of these swaps at the date of termination, we recorded a deferred gain of $44 million. This gain will be amortized through 2012, the remaining life of the debt, using an effective-interest method and recorded to interest expense. As of December 31, 2009, $35 million of this gain had yet to be amortized.
     Other Matters. Market risk associated with our cash portfolio relates to the potential decline in interest income from a decrease in interest rates. Workers’ compensation obligation risk relates to the potential increase in our future obligations and expenses from a decrease in interest rates used to discount these obligations. Pension, postemployment and postretirement benefits risk relates to the potential increase in our benefit obligations, funding and expenses from a decrease in interest rates.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
     We are subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk because we have revenue and expense denominated in foreign currencies, primarily the Japanese yen and the Canadian dollar. To manage exchange rate risk, we attempt to execute both our international revenue and expense transactions in the same foreign currency to the extent practicable. From time to time, we may also enter into foreign currency options and forward contracts.
     In the Merger, we assumed Northwest’s outstanding foreign currency derivative instruments. On the Closing Date, we designated certain of these derivative instruments, comprised of Japanese yen forward and collar contracts, as cash flow hedges. All Northwest foreign currency derivative instruments settled as of December 31, 2009.

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     As of December 31, 2009, we have hedged approximately 29%, 21% and 5% of Japanese yen-denominated, and 24%, 15% and 4% of anticipated Canadian dollar-denominated, cash flows from sales in 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively. These foreign currency derivative instruments had a net fair value loss of $23 million at December 31, 2009.
Credit Risk
     To manage credit risk associated with our aircraft fuel price, interest rate and foreign currency hedging programs, we select counterparties based on their credit ratings and limit our exposure to any one counterparty. We also monitor the market position of these programs and our relative market position with each counterparty.
     Due to the estimated fair value position of our fuel hedge contracts, we received $17 million in fuel hedge margin from counterparties and provided $7 million in fuel hedge margin to counterparties as of December 31, 2009.
     Our accounts receivable are generated largely from the sale of passenger airline tickets and cargo transportation services. The majority of these sales are processed through major credit card companies, resulting in accounts receivable that may be subject to certain holdbacks by the credit card processors.
     We also have receivables from the sale of mileage credits under our SkyMiles Program to participating airlines and non-airline businesses such as credit card companies, hotels and car rental agencies. We believe the credit risk associated with these receivables is minimal and that the allowance for uncollectible accounts that we have provided is appropriate.
Self-Insurance Risk
     We self-insure a portion of our losses from claims related to workers’ compensation, environmental issues, property damage, medical insurance for employees and general liability. Losses are accrued based on an estimate of the ultimate aggregate liability for claims incurred, using independent actuarial reviews based on standard industry practices and our historical experience. A portion of our projected workers’ compensation liability is secured with restricted cash collateral.
NOTE 5. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
     The following table reflects the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:
                         
    Gross        
    Carrying        
(in millions)   Amount   Impairment   Net
 
Balance at January 1, 2008
  $ 12,104     $     $ 12,104  
 
Impairment
          (6,939 )     (6,939 )
Northwest Merger
    4,572             4,572  
Other
    (6 )           (6 )
 
Balance at December 31, 2008
    16,670       (6,939 )     9,731  
 
Northwest Merger
    60             60  
Other
    (4 )           (4 )
 
Balance at December 31, 2009
  $ 16,726     $ (6,939 )   $ 9,787  
 
     During 2008, we experienced a significant decline in market capitalization primarily from record high fuel prices and overall airline industry conditions. In addition, the announcement of our intention to merge with Northwest established a stock exchange ratio based on the relative valuation of Delta and Northwest (see Note 2). We determined that these factors combined with further increases in fuel prices were an indicator that a goodwill impairment test was required. As a result, we estimated fair value based on a discounted projection of future cash flows, supported with a market-based valuation. We determined that goodwill was impaired and recorded a non-cash charge of $6.9 billion for the year ended December 31, 2008. In estimating fair value, we based our estimates and assumptions on the same valuation techniques employed and levels of inputs used to estimate the fair value of goodwill upon adoption of fresh start reporting.

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     We also recorded a non-cash charge of $357 million ($238 million after tax) for the year ended December 31, 2008 to reduce the carrying value of certain intangible assets based on their revised estimated fair values. This charge was included in impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets on our Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2008.
     The following tables reflect the carrying amount of intangible assets at December 31, 2009 and 2008:
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
                 
    Carrying   Carrying
    Amount   Amount
    December 31,   December 31,
(in millions)   2009   2008
 
International routes and slots
  $ 2,290     $ 2,300  
Delta tradename
    850       850  
SkyTeam alliance
    661       661  
Domestic routes and slots
    500       500  
Other
    3       3  
 
Total
  $ 4,304     $ 4,314  
 
Definite-Lived Intangible Assets
                                         
            December 31, 2009   December 31, 2008
    Estimated   Gross           Gross    
    Life in   Carrying   Accumulated   Carrying   Accumulated
(in millions)   Year(s)   Amount   Amortization   Amount   Amortization
 
Marketing agreements
    1 to 18     $ 730     $ (370 )   $ 737     $ (312 )
Contracts
    17 to 34       193       (36 )     193       (24 )
Northwest tradename
    2       40       (32 )     40       (7 )
Customer relationships
    4       9       (9 )     9       (9 )
Domestic routes and slots
    1       4       (4 )     4       (1 )
Other
    1                   1       (1 )
                 
Total
          $ 976     $ (451 )   $ 984     $ (354 )
 
     Total amortization expense recognized for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the eight months ended December 31, 2007 and the four months ended April 30, 2007 was $97 million, $207 million, $147 million and $1 million, respectively. The following table summarizes the expected amortization expense for our definite-lived intangible assets:
         
Years Ending December 31,        
(in millions)        
 
2010
  $ 79  
2011
    70  
2012
    69  
2013
    68  
2014
    67  
Thereafter
    172  
 
Total
  $ 525  
 

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NOTE 6. DEBT
     In 2009, we entered into the following financing transactions:
    Senior Secured Credit Facilities due 2013;
 
    Senior Secured Notes due 2014;
 
    Senior Second Lien Notes due 2015;
 
    Bank Revolving Credit Facilities due 2010 and 2012;
 
    2009-1 EETC; and
 
    Clayton County Bonds, Series 2009.
     The Senior Secured Credit Facilities due 2013, the Senior Secured Notes due 2014 and the Senior Second Lien Notes due 2015 are guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic subsidiaries and are secured by our Pacific route authorities and certain related assets. A portion of the net proceeds from these transactions was used to repay in full the Bank Credit Facility due 2010 with the remainder of the proceeds used for general corporate purposes. The Bank Revolving Credit Facilities due 2010 and 2012 are also guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic subsidiaries and secured by certain aircraft, engines and related assets.
     The 2009-1 EETC was used to prepay $342 million of existing mortgage financings with respect to two B-737-700 aircraft and three B-777-200LR aircraft that were delivered and financed in 2009 (the “2009 Aircraft”) and for general corporate purposes. The remaining $347 million will be used to repay a portion of the refinancing of 10 B-737-800 aircraft, nine B-757-200 aircraft and three 767-300ER aircraft that currently secure our 2000-1 EETC (the “2001 Aircraft”) after the maturity of the 2000-1 EETC in November 2010. Accordingly, we reclassified $347 million of the 2000-1 EETC principal from current maturities to long-term.
     Our obligations in connection with the Clayton County Bonds, Series 2009 are not secured. The proceeds from this transaction are available to be used for general corporate purposes.
     The following table summarizes our debt at December 31, 2009 and 2008:
                 
    December 31,
(in millions)   2009   2008
 
Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities due 2012 and 2014
  $ 2,444     $ 2,448  
Senior Secured Credit Facilities due 2013
    249        
Senior Secured Notes due 2014
    750        
Senior Second Lien Notes due 2015
    600        
Bank Revolving Credit Facilities due 2010 and 2012
           
Bank Credit Facility due 2010
          904  
Other Financing Arrangements
               
Certificates due in installments from 2010 to 2023
    5,709       5,844  
Aircraft financings due in installments from 2010 to 2025
    6,005       6,224  
Other secured financings due in installments from 2010 to 2031
    911       1,180  
 
Total secured debt
    16,668       16,600  
 
American Express Agreement
    1,000       1,000  
Clayton County Bonds, Series 2009 due in installments from 2014 to 2035
    150        
Other unsecured debt due in installments from 2010 to 2030
    250       265  
 
Total unsecured debt
    1,400       1,265  
 
Total secured and unsecured debt
    18,068       17,865  
Unamortized discount, net(1)
    (1,403 )     (1,859 )
 
Total debt
    16,665       16,006  
 
Less: current maturities
    (1,445 )     (1,068 )
 
Total long-term debt
  $ 15,220     $ 14,938  
 
(1)   This item includes a reduction in the carrying value of (1) Northwest’s debt as a result of purchase accounting related to the Merger and (2) the debt recorded in connection with a multi-year extension of our co-brand credit card relationship with American Express (the “American Express Agreement”). This item also includes fair value adjustments to our long-term debt in connection with our adoption of fresh start reporting upon emergence from bankruptcy. These adjustments will be amortized to interest expense over the remaining maturities of the respective debt.

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Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities due 2012 and 2014
     In connection with Delta’s emergence from bankruptcy in April 2007, we entered into a senior secured exit financing facility (the “Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities”) to borrow up to $2.5 billion. The Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities consist of a $1.0 billion first-lien revolving credit facility (the “Exit Revolving Facility”), a $600 million first-lien synthetic revolving facility (the “Synthetic Facility”) (together with the Exit Revolving Facility, the “First-Lien Facilities”), and a $900 million second-lien term loan facility (the “Term Loan” or the “Second-Lien Facility”). During 2008, we borrowed the entire amount of the Exit Revolving Facility. Borrowings under the First-Lien Facilities are due in April 2012 and borrowings under the Second-Lien Facility are due in April 2014. As of December 31, 2009, the Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities had interest rates ranging from 2.3% to 3.5% per annum.
     Our obligations under the Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities are guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”). The Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities and the related guarantees are secured by liens on substantially all of our and the Guarantors’ present and future assets that do not secure other financings (the “Collateral”). The First-Lien Facilities are secured by a first priority security interest in the Collateral. The Second-Lien Facility is secured by a second priority security interest in the Collateral.
     The Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities include affirmative, negative and financial covenants that restrict our ability to, among other things, incur additional secured indebtedness, make investments, sell or otherwise dispose of assets if not in compliance with the collateral coverage ratio tests, pay dividends or repurchase stock. These covenants may have a material adverse impact on our operations. The Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities contain financial covenants that require us to:
    maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio (defined as the ratio of (1) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and aircraft rent, and subject to other adjustments to net income (“EBITDAR”) to (2) the sum of gross cash interest expense, cash aircraft rent expense and the interest portion of our capitalized lease obligations, for successive trailing 12-month periods ending at each quarter-end date through the maturity date of the respective Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities), which minimum ratio is 1.20:1 in the case of the First-Lien Facilities and 1.02:1 in the case of the Second-Lien Facility;
 
    maintain unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and permitted investments of not less than $750 million in the case of the First-Lien Facilities and $650 million in the case of the Second-Lien Facility;
 
    maintain a minimum total collateral coverage ratio (defined as the ratio of (1) certain of the Collateral that meets specified eligibility standards (“Eligible Collateral”) to (2) the sum of the aggregate outstanding exposure under the First-Lien Facilities and the Second-Lien Facility and the aggregate termination value of certain hedging agreements) of 125% at all times; and
 
    in the case of the First-Lien Facilities, also maintain a minimum first-lien collateral coverage ratio (together with the total collateral coverage ratio described above, the “collateral coverage ratios”) (defined as the ratio of (1) Eligible Collateral to (2) the sum of the aggregate outstanding exposure under the First Lien Facilities and the aggregate termination value of certain hedging agreements) of 175% at all times.
     If the collateral coverage ratios are not maintained, we must either provide additional collateral to secure our obligations, or we must repay the loans under the Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities by an amount necessary to maintain compliance with the collateral coverage ratios.
     The Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities contain events of default customary for senior secured exit financings, including cross-defaults to other material indebtedness and certain change of control events. The Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities also include events of default specific to our business, including the suspension of all or substantially all of our flights and other operations for more than two consecutive days (other than as a result of a Federal Aviation Administration suspension due to extraordinary events similarly affecting other major U.S. air carriers). Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the outstanding obligations under the Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities may be accelerated and become due and payable immediately and our cash may become restricted.
Senior Secured Credit Facilities due 2013
     In 2009, we entered into a first-lien revolving credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of $500 million (the “Revolving Facility”) and a first-lien term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $250 million (the “Term Facility” and collectively with the Revolving Facility, the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). The Senior Secured Credit Facilities are guaranteed by the Guarantors and are secured by a first lien on our Pacific route authorities and certain related assets (the “Pacific Collateral”). Lenders under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and holders of the Senior Secured Notes (as described below) have equal rights to payment and collateral.

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     Borrowings under the Term Facility must be repaid in an amount equal to 1% of the original principal amount of the term loans annually (to be paid in equal quarterly installments), with the balance of the term loans due and payable in September 2013. Borrowings under the Term Facility bear interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR or another index rate, in each case plus a specified margin. As of December 31, 2009, the Term Facility had an interest rate of 8.8% per annum.
     In 2009, we borrowed and subsequently repaid the entire amount of the Revolving Facility, which matures in March 2013. Borrowings under the Revolving Facility can be prepaid without penalty and amounts prepaid can be reborrowed. Borrowings under the Revolving Facility bear interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR or another index rate, in each case plus a specified margin. As of December 31, 2009, the Revolving Facility was undrawn.
     The Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain affirmative and negative covenants and default provisions that are substantially similar to the ones described under “Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities” above. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also contain financial covenants that require us to:
    maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio (defined as the ratio of (1) EBITDAR (excluding gains and losses arising under fuel hedging arrangements incurred prior to the closing date of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities) to (2) the sum of cash interest expense plus cash aircraft rent expense plus the interest portion of Delta’s capitalized lease obligations) in each case for the 12-month period ending as of the last day of each fiscal quarter of not less than 1.20 to 1;
 
    maintain a minimum collateral coverage ratio (defined as the ratio of aggregate current fair market value of the collateral to the sum of the aggregate outstanding exposure under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and certain obligations with equal rights to payment and collateral and the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Senior Secured Notes) of 1.60:1; and
 
    maintain unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of not less than $2 billion.
     The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also contain mandatory prepayment provisions that require us in certain instances to prepay obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities in connection with dispositions of collateral. In addition, if the collateral coverage ratio is less than 1.60:1, we must either provide additional collateral in the form of cash or additional routes and slots to secure our obligations, or we must repay the loans under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities by an amount necessary to comply with the collateral coverage ratio.
Senior Secured Notes due 2014
     Also in 2009, we issued $750 million of Senior Secured Notes (the “Senior Secured Notes”). The Senior Secured Notes mature in September 2014 and have a fixed interest rate of 9.5% per annum. We may redeem some or all of the Senior Secured Notes at any time on or after September 15, 2011 at specified redemption prices. If we sell certain of our assets or if we experience specific kinds of changes in control, we must offer to repurchase the Senior Secured Notes.
     Our obligations under the Senior Secured Notes are guaranteed by the Guarantors. The Senior Secured Notes and related guarantees are secured on a senior basis equally and ratably with the indebtedness incurred under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities by security interests in the Pacific Collateral.
     The Senior Secured Notes include covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to sell assets, incur additional indebtedness, issue preferred stock, make investments or pay dividends. In addition, in the event the collateral coverage ratio, which has the same definition as the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, is less than 1.60:1, we must pay additional interest on the Senior Secured Notes at the rate of 2% per annum until the collateral coverage ratio equals at least 1.60:1.
     The Senior Secured Notes contain events of default customary for similar financings, including cross-defaults to other material indebtedness. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the outstanding obligations under the Senior Secured Notes may be accelerated and become due and payable immediately.
Senior Second Lien Notes due 2015
     In conjunction with the issuance of the Senior Secured Notes, we issued $600 million of Senior Second Lien Notes (the “Senior Second Lien Notes”). The Senior Second Lien Notes mature in March 2015 and have a fixed interest rate of 12.25% per annum. We may redeem some or all of the Senior Second Lien Notes at any time on or after March 15, 2012 at specified redemption prices. If we sell certain of our assets or if we experience specific kinds of changes in control, we must offer to repurchase the Senior Second Lien Notes.
     Our obligations under the Senior Second Lien Notes are guaranteed by the Guarantors. The Senior Second Lien Notes and related guarantees are secured on a junior basis by security interests in the Pacific Collateral.

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     The Senior Second Lien Notes include covenants and default provisions that are substantially similar to the ones described under “Senior Secured Notes due 2014” above. In addition, in the event (1) the collateral coverage ratio (defined as the ratio of aggregate current market value of the collateral to the sum of the aggregate outstanding exposure under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and certain obligations with equal rights to payment and collateral, the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Senior Secured Notes, and the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Senior Second Lien Notes and any other permitted junior indebtedness that is secured by the collateral) is less than 1.00:1 or (2) we are required to pay additional interest on the Senior Secured Notes, we must pay additional interest on the Senior Second Lien Notes at the rate of 2% per annum until the later of (a) the collateral coverage ratio equals at least 1.00:1 or (b) special interest on the Senior Secured Notes ceases to accrue.
Bank Revolving Credit Facilities due 2010 and 2012
     In December 2009, we entered into a $100 million first-lien revolving credit facility, which is guaranteed by the Guarantors and is secured by a first lien on certain aircraft, engines and related assets owned by Mesaba and us. Borrowings under this facility are due in December 2012, can be repaid and reborrowed without penalty and bear interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR or another index rate, in each case plus a specified margin. As of December 31, 2009, the facility was undrawn.
     In December 2009, we also entered into a $150 million first-lien revolving credit facility, which is guaranteed by the Guarantors and is secured by a first lien on certain aircraft, engines and related assets owned by Delta and Comair. Borrowings under the facility are due in December 2010; however, we may request additional one-year renewals of the facility thereafter. Borrowings can be repaid and reborrowed without penalty and bear interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR or another index rate, in each case plus a specified margin. As of December 31, 2009, the facility was undrawn.
     Under both of these facilities, we must maintain a minimum balance of cash, permitted investments and available borrowing capacity under committed facilities at a specified level. We are also required to maintain a minimum collateral coverage ratio under both facilities. If the collateral coverage ratio is not maintained, we must either provide additional collateral to secure our obligations or repay the relevant facility by an amount necessary to maintain compliance with the collateral coverage ratio. Both facilities contain other covenants and events of default, including cross-defaults to other material indebtedness, that are substantially similar to the ones described under “Senior Secured Exit Financing Facilities due 2012 and 2014” above.
Other Financing Agreements
     Certificates. Pass-Through Trust Certificates and Enhanced Equipment Trust Certificates (collectively, the “Certificates”) are secured by 242 aircraft. As of December 31, 2009, the Certificates had interest rates ranging from 0.8% to 9.8%. We issued $689 million of Class A and Class B Pass Through Certificates, Series 2009-1 in November 2009 through two separate pass through trusts (the “2009-1 EETC”). The trusts hold equipment notes for, and are secured by, the 2009 Aircraft and are expected, after the maturity of our 2000-1 EETC in November 2010, to hold equipment notes for, and be secured by, the 2000-1 Aircraft. The equipment notes have a weighted average fixed interest rate of 8.1%.
     Aircraft Financing. We have $6.0 billion of loans secured by 300 aircraft, not including aircraft securing the Certificates. These loans had interest rates ranging from 0.7% to 7.2% at December 31, 2009. During 2008, we entered into agreements to borrow up to $1.6 billion to finance the purchase of 35 aircraft. In 2009, we took delivery of and financed 20 aircraft, five of which were the 2009 Aircraft which were refinanced in connection with the 2009-1 EETC.
     Other Secured Financings. Other secured financings primarily include (1) manufacturer term loans, secured by spare parts, spare engines and aircraft and (2) real estate loans. The financings had annual interest rates ranging from 1.5% to 8.5% at December 31, 2009.
     American Express Agreement. In December 2008, we announced a multi-year extension of the American Express Agreement. As part of the American Express Agreement, we received $1.0 billion from American Express for an advance purchase of SkyMiles, which amount is classified as long-term debt. This obligation will not be satisfied by cash payments, but through the use of SkyMiles by American Express over an expected two year period beginning in December 2010.

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     Clayton County Bonds, Series 2009. In December 2009, the Development Authority of Clayton County (the “Development Authority”) issued bonds with principal of $150 million, in two series, maturing in 2029 and 2035 (the “Clayton Bonds”). The Clayton Bonds have a weighted average fixed interest rate of 8.9% and are subject to mandatory sinking fund redemption requirements. The proceeds of this sale were loaned to us to refund bonds that previously had been issued to refinance certain of our facilities at Atlanta’s Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport. The bonds are secured solely by the Development Authority’s pledge of the revenues payable to it under loan agreements between Delta and the Development Authority. Our obligations under the loan agreements are not secured.
     Northwest Revolving Credit Facility due 2009. In 2009, we amended the Northwest Revolving Credit Facility to, among other things, reduce its borrowing limit from $500 million to $300 million and change its maturity date to December 30, 2009. Borrowings under the Northwest Revolving Credit Facility were guaranteed by Northwest Airlines Corporation and certain of its subsidiaries. The Northwest Revolving Credit Facility and related guarantees were secured by substantially all of Northwest’s unencumbered assets as of October 29, 2008. The Northwest Revolving Credit Facility terminated in December 2009 on its maturity date.
Covenants
     We were in compliance with all covenants in our financing agreements at December 31, 2009.
Future Maturities
     The following table summarizes scheduled maturities of our debt, including current maturities, at December 31, 2009:
         
Years Ending December 31,    
(in millions)   Total
 
2010
  $ 1,709  
2011
    2,573  
2012
    3,440  
2013
    1,382  
2014
    2,865  
Thereafter
    6,099  
 
 
    18,068  
Unamortized discount, net
    (1,403 )
 
Total
  $ 16,665  
 
NOTE 7. LEASE OBLIGATIONS
     We lease aircraft, airport terminals and maintenance facilities, ticket offices and other property and equipment from third parties. Rental expense for operating leases, which is recorded on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease term, totaled $1.3 billion and $798 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, $470 million for the eight months ended December 31, 2007 and $261 million for the four months ended April 30, 2007. Amounts due under capital leases are recorded as liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Assets acquired under capital leases are recorded as property and equipment on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of assets recorded under capital leases is included in depreciation and amortization expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Many of our facility, aircraft and equipment leases include rental escalation clauses and/or renewal options. Our leases do not include residual value guarantees.

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     The following tables summarize, as of December 31, 2009, our minimum rental commitments under capital leases and noncancelable operating leases (including certain aircraft under Contract Carrier agreements) with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year:
Capital Leases
         
Years Ending December 31,        
(in millions)        
 
2010
    $148  
2011
    146  
2012
    119  
2013
    87  
2014
    67  
Thereafter
    337  
 
Total minimum lease payments
    904  
Less: amount of lease payments representing interest
    (396 )
 
Present value of future minimum capital lease payments
    508  
Plus: unamortized premium, net
    25  
Less: current obligations under capital leases
    (88 )
 
Long-term capital lease obligations
    $445  
 
Operating Leases
                         
            Contract    
            Carrier    
    Delta   Aircraft    
Years Ending December 31,   Lease   Lease    
(in millions)   Payments   Payments(1)   Total
 
2010
  $ 1,082     $ 507     $ 1,589  
2011
    910       497       1,407  
2012
    806       490       1,296  
2013
    711       460       1,171  
2014
    634       451       1,085  
Thereafter
    3,700       1,542       5,242  
 
Total minimum lease payments
  $ 7,843     $ 3,947     $ 11,790  
 
(1)   These amounts represent the minimum lease obligations under our Contract Carrier agreements with Atlantic Southeast Airlines, Inc. (“ASA”), Chautauqua Airlines, Inc. (“Chautauqua”), Freedom Airlines, Inc. (“Freedom”), Pinnacle Airlines, Inc. (“Pinnacle”), Shuttle America Corporation (“Shuttle America”) and SkyWest Airlines, Inc. (“SkyWest Airlines”).
     At December 31, 2009, we operated 213 aircraft under operating leases and 93 aircraft under capital leases. Our Contract Carriers under capacity purchase agreements operated 450 aircraft under operating leases. Leases for aircraft operated by us and our Contract Carriers have expiration dates ranging from 2010 to 2025. During the four months ended April 30, 2007, we recorded estimated claims relating to the restructuring of the financing arrangements for many of our aircraft and the rejection of certain of our leases in connection with our bankruptcy proceedings.

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NOTE 8. PURCHASE COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Aircraft Commitments
     Future purchase commitments for aircraft as of December 31, 2009 are estimated to total approximately $1.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010. Approximately $800 million of the $1.1 billion is associated with the purchase of 20 B-737-800 aircraft for which we have entered into definitive agreements to sell to third parties immediately following delivery of those aircraft to us by the manufacturer. We have not received any notice that these parties have defaulted on their purchase obligations. The remaining commitments relate to the purchase of two B-777-200LR aircraft, two B-737-800 aircraft and 11 previously owned MD-90 aircraft. We have no aircraft purchase commitments after December 31, 2010.
     As of December 31, 2009, we have financing commitments from third parties or, with respect to 20 of the 22 B-737-800 aircraft referred to above, definitive agreements to sell all aircraft subject to purchase commitments, except for nine of the 11 previously owned MD-90 aircraft. Under these financing commitments, third parties have agreed to finance on a long-term basis a substantial portion of the purchase price of the covered aircraft.
     Our aircraft purchase commitments described above do not include our orders for:
    18 B-787-8 aircraft. The Boeing Company (“Boeing”) has informed us that Boeing will be unable to meet the contractual delivery schedule for these aircraft. We are in discussions with Boeing regarding this situation.
 
    five A319-100 aircraft and two A320-200 aircraft. We have the right to cancel these orders.
Contract Carrier Agreements
     During the year ended December 31, 2009, we had Contract Carrier agreements with 10 Contract Carriers, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Comair, Compass and Mesaba.
     Capacity Purchase Agreements. During the year ended December 31, 2009, six Contract Carriers operated for us (in addition to Comair, Compass and Mesaba) pursuant to capacity purchase agreements. Under these agreements, the Contract Carriers operate some or all of their aircraft using our flight designator codes, and we control the scheduling, pricing, reservations, ticketing and seat inventories of those aircraft and retain the revenues associated with those flights. We pay those airlines an amount, as defined in the applicable agreement, which is based on a determination of their cost of operating those flights and other factors intended to approximate market rates for those services.
     The following table shows our minimum fixed obligations under these capacity purchase agreements (excluding Comair, Compass and Mesaba). The obligations set forth in the table contemplate minimum levels of flying by the Contract Carriers under the respective agreements and also reflect assumptions regarding certain costs associated with the minimum levels of flying such as for fuel, labor, maintenance, insurance, catering, property tax and landing fees. Accordingly, our actual payments under these agreements could differ materially from the minimum fixed obligations set forth in the table below.
         
Year Ending December 31,    
(in millions)   Amount(1)
 
2010
    $1,870  
2011
    1,780  
2012
    1,770  
2013
    1,820  
2014
    1,900  
Thereafter
    7,550  
 
Total
  $ 16,690  
 
(1)   These amounts exclude contract carrier lease payments accounted for as operating leases, which are described in Note 7. The contingencies described below under “Contingencies Related to Termination of Contract Carrier Agreements” are not included in this table.

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     The following table shows by Contract Carrier and contract (1) the number of aircraft in operation as of December 31, 2009, (2) the number of aircraft scheduled to be in operation as of December 31, 2010, (3) the number of aircraft scheduled to be in operation immediately prior to the expiration date of the agreement and (4) the expiration date of the agreement:
                                 
                    Number of    
                    Aircraft    
            Number of   Scheduled    
            Aircraft   to be in    
    Number of   Scheduled to   Operation    
    Aircraft in   be in   Immediately    
    Operation   Operation   Prior to the    
    as of   as of   Expiration   Expiration
    December 31,   December 31,   of the   Date of
Carrier   2009   2010   Agreement   Agreement
 
ASA
    152       132       16       2020  
SkyWest Airlines
    82       82       37       2020  
ASA/SkyWest Airlines(1)
    12       12       12       2012  
Chautauqua
    24       24       24       2016  
Freedom (ERJ-145 aircraft)(2)
    22       22       22       2012  
Shuttle America
    16       16       16       2019  
Pinnacle (CRJ-900 aircraft)
    16       16       16       2019  
Pinnacle (CRJ-200 aircraft)
    126       126       124       2017  
         
Total
    450       430       267 &nbs