Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We have issued our report dated April 16, 2021, except for Note 15 as to which the date is July 6, 2021, with respect to the financial statements of HCW Biologics Inc. contained in the Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333- 256510), which are incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-1MEF. We consent to the incorporation by reference of the aforementioned report in this Registration Statement, and to the use of our name as it appears under the caption “Experts” in the prospectus incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Miami, Florida

July 19, 2021