UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(mark one)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______to_______

Commission File Number 001-37914

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(815) 433-2525

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year,

if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020

INDEX

NOTE 1 – NATURE OF BUSINESS

Ottawa Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) is a Maryland corporation that was incorporated in May 2016 to be the successor to Ottawa Savings Bancorp, Inc. (“Ottawa Savings Bancorp”) upon completion of the second-step conversion of Ottawa Savings Bank (the “Bank”) from the two-tier mutual holding company structure to the stock holding company structure. Ottawa Savings Bancorp MHC was the former mutual holding company for Ottawa Savings Bancorp prior to completion of the second-step conversion. In conjunction with the second-step conversion, Ottawa Savings Bancorp MHC merged into Ottawa Savings Bancorp (and ceased to exist), and Ottawa Savings Bancorp merged into the Company, with the Company as the surviving entity.

On December 31, 2014, Ottawa Savings Bancorp completed a merger with Twin Oaks Savings Bank (“Twin Oaks”), whereby Twin Oaks was merged with and into the Bank, with the Bank as the surviving institution (the “Merger”). As a result of the Merger, the Bank increased its market share in the LaSalle County market and expanded into Grundy County.

The primary business of the Company is the ownership of the Bank. Through the Bank, the Company is engaged in providing a variety of financial services to individual and corporate customers in the Ottawa, Marseilles, and Morris, Illinois areas, which are primarily agricultural areas consisting of several rural communities with small to medium sized businesses. The Bank’s primary source of revenue is interest and fees related to single-family residential loans to middle-income individuals.

The Company is positioned to execute its mission as an essential community resource during these challenging times. The coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) is not only impacting health and safety around the world, it is causing significant economic disruption for both individuals and businesses, making the Company’s promise of support even more important to customers. In the face of the challenges and risks posed by COVID-19, the Company remains resolute in its focus on protecting the strength and flexibility of its balance sheet. The progression of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States began to negatively impact the Company’s results of operations during the quarter ended March 31, 2020. Going forward, COVID-19 can be expected to have a complex and significant adverse impact on the economy, the banking industry and the Company in future fiscal periods, all subject to a high degree of uncertainty as it relates to both timing and severity. Primary areas of impact in the future for the Company may include margin compression, increased provision expense, a deterioration in asset quality and decreased fees for customer services.

​ 

Subsequent Events 

The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q were issued. Other than as discussed below, there were no significant subsequent events for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 through the issuance date of these unaudited consolidated financial statements that warranted adjustment to or disclosure in the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted and adversely affected the Bank’s business and results of operations, and the ultimate impacts of the pandemic on the Bank’s business, financial condition and results of operations will depend on future developments and other factors that are highly uncertain and will be impacted by the scope and duration of the pandemic and actions taken by governmental authorities in response to the pandemic.

NOTE 2 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial statements presented in this quarterly report include the accounts of the Company and the Bank. The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and predominant practices followed by the financial services industry and are unaudited. In the opinion of the Company’s management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which the Company considers necessary to fairly state the Company’s financial position and the results of operations and cash flows have been recorded. The interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2019, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2020. The results of the Company’s operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of the Company’s operations for any other interim period or for a full fiscal year.

NOTE 3 – USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. Changes in these estimates and assumptions are considered reasonably possible and may have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements and, thus, actual results could differ from the amounts reported and disclosed herein.

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

At March 31, 2020, there were no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies from those disclosed in the Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2020.

NOTE 4 – CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

We consider accounting policies involving significant judgments and assumptions by management that have, or could have, a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets or on income to be critical accounting policies. We consider the allowance for loan losses to be our critical accounting policy.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is an amount necessary to absorb known or inherent losses that are both probable and reasonably estimable and is established through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect each borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial and non-residential loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

NOTE 5 – EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Basic earnings per share is based on net income divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period, including allocated and committed-to-be-released employee stock ownership plan shares. Diluted earnings per share show the dilutive effect, if any, of additional common shares issuable under stock options and awards.

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

NOTE 6 – EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN

On May 6, 2005, the Bank adopted an employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”) for the benefit of substantially all employees. On July 8, 2005, the ESOP borrowed $763,140 from the Company and used those funds to acquire 76,314 shares of the Company’s common stock in the Company’s initial public offering at a price of $10.00 per share. On October 11, 2016, the ESOP borrowed $1,907,160 from the Company and used those funds to acquire 190,716 shares of the Company’s common stock in connection with the Company’s second-step conversion offering at a price of $10.00 per share.

Shares purchased by the ESOP with the loan proceeds are held in a suspense account and are allocated to ESOP participants on a pro rata basis as principal and interest payments are made by the ESOP to the Company. The loan is secured by shares purchased with the loan proceeds and will be repaid by the ESOP with funds from the Company’s discretionary contributions to the ESOP and earnings on the ESOP assets. Annual principal and interest payments of approximately $239,000 are to be made by the ESOP.

As shares are released from collateral, the Company will report compensation expense equal to the current market price of the shares, and the shares will become outstanding for earnings-per-share (“EPS”) computations. Dividends on allocated ESOP shares reduce retained earnings, and dividends on unallocated ESOP shares reduce accrued interest.

A terminated participant or the beneficiary of a deceased participant who received a distribution of employer stock from the ESOP has the right to require the Company to purchase such shares at their fair market value any time within 60 days of the distribution date. If this right is not exercised, an additional 60-day exercise period is available in the year following the year in which the distribution is made and begins after a new valuation of the stock has been determined and communicated to the participant or beneficiary.

The following table reflects the status of the shares held by the ESOP:

NOTE 7 – INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The amortized cost and fair values of securities, with gross unrealized gains and losses, follows:

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

The amortized cost and fair value at March 31, 2020, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Maturities may differ from contractual maturities in residential mortgage-backed securities because the mortgages underlying the securities may be called or prepaid without penalties. Therefore, stated maturities of residential mortgage-backed securities are not disclosed.

The following table reflects securities with gross unrealized losses for less than 12 months and for 12 months or more at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) the intent and ability to retain and whether it is not more likely than not the Company will be required to sell its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and industry analysts’ reports.

At March 31, 2020, 31 securities had unrealized losses with an aggregate depreciation of 0.98% from the Company’s amortized cost basis. The Company does not consider these investments to be other than temporarily impaired at March 31, 2020 due to the following:

There were $0.3 million of proceeds from the sales of securities for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and no proceeds from sale of securities for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The sales during the three months ended March 31, 2020 resulted in gross realized gains of $873. The tax provision applicable to the realized gains amounted to $16 for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

NOTE 8 – LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

The components of loans, net of deferred loan costs (fees), are as follows:

During the three month period ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no purchases of loans receivable, segregated by class of loans.

Net (charge-offs) / recoveries, segregated by class of loans, for the periods indicated were as follows:

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

The following table presents the recorded investment in loans and the related allowances allocated by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions.

The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment, by class of loans, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized no cash basis interest income on impaired loans.

At March 31, 2020 there were 35 impaired loans totaling approximately $2.6 million, compared to 30 impaired loans totaling approximately $2.3 million at December 31, 2019. The change in impaired loans was a result of the addition of five loans totaling approximately $405,000 to the impaired loan list offset by the payoff of a loan of approximately $30,000 and payments of approximately $108,000.

Our loan portfolio also includes certain loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”), where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers who have experienced financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from our loss mitigation activities and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forbearance or other actions. TDRs are classified as non-performing at the time of restructuring and typically are returned to performing status after considering the borrower’s sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period of at least six months.

When we modify loans in a TDR, we evaluate any possible impairment similar to other impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the contractual interest rate of the original loan agreement, or use the current fair value of the collateral, less estimated selling costs, for collateral dependent loans. If we determine that the value of the modified loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (net of previous charge-offs, deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), impairment is recognized through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance. In periods subsequent to modification, we evaluate all TDRs, including those that have payment defaults, for possible impairment and recognize impairment through the allowance.

Section 4013 of the U.S. Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), “Temporary Relief from Troubled Debt Restructurings,” allows banks to temporarily suspend certain requirements under GAAP related to TDRs for a limited period of time to account for the effects of COVID-19. A bank may elect to account for modifications on certain loans under Section 4013 of the CARES Act or, if a loan modification is not eligible under Section 4013, a bank may use the criteria in the COVID-19 guidance to determine when a loan modification is not a TDR in accordance with ASC 310-40. Guidance noted that modification or deferral programs mandated by the federal or a state government related to COVID-19 would not be in the scope of ASC 310-40, such as a state program that requires all institutions within that state to suspend mortgage payments for a specified period.

Impaired loans at March 31, 2020 included approximately $58,000 of loans whose terms have been modified in troubled debt restructurings, compared to approximately $60,000 at December 31, 2019. The amount of TDR loans included in impaired loans decreased as a result of payments of approximately $2,000. The remaining restructured loans are being monitored by management and remain on nonaccrual status as they have not, per accounting guidelines, performed in accordance with their restructured terms for the requisite period of time (generally at least six consecutive months) to be returned to accrual status.

There were no new loans classified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

There were no TDR loans that were restructured during the twelve months prior to March 31, 2020 and 2019 that had payment defaults (i.e., 60 days or more past due following a modification) during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

All TDRs are evaluated for possible impairment and any impairment identified is recognized through the allowance. Additionally, the qualitative factors are updated quarterly for trends in economic and non-performing factors, including collateral securing TDRs.

The following table presents the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans and loans past due over 90 days still on accrual status, by class of loans, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in loans, by class of loans, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Credit Quality Indicators:

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. For commercial and non-residential real estate loans, the Company’s credit quality indicator is internally assigned risk ratings. Each commercial and non-residential real estate loan is assigned a risk rating upon origination. The risk rating is reviewed annually, at a minimum, and on an as needed basis depending on the specific circumstances of the loan.

For residential real estate loans, multi-family, consumer direct and purchased auto loans, the Company’s credit quality indicator is performance determined by delinquency status. Delinquency status is updated regularly by the Company’s loan system for real estate loans, multi-family and consumer direct loans. The Company receives monthly reports on the delinquency status of the purchased auto loan portfolio from the servicing company. Generally, when residential real estate loans, multi-family and consumer direct loans become over 90 days past due, they are classified as substandard. Periodically, based on subsequent performance over 6-12 months, these loans could be upgraded to special mention.

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the risk category of loans by class is as follows:

At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company held $0 in foreclosed residential real estate property. In addition, the Company also held $819,871 and $607,268 in consumer mortgage loans that are collateralized by residential real estate properties that were in the process of foreclosure at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

NOTE 9 – STOCK COMPENSATION

Total stock-based compensation expense was $2,663 and $3,363 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. In accordance with FASB ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the grantees’ vesting period or to the grantees’ retirement eligibility date, if earlier. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not grant additional options or shares under the Management Recognition Plan (MRP).

NOTE 10 – RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Under the new guidance in this ASU, lessees will be required to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee`s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee's right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new lease guidance also simplified the accounting for sale and leaseback transactions primarily because lessees must recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. Lessees will no longer be provided with a source of off-balance sheet financing. ASU 2016-02 was effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition approach. The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2019 and the standard did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

              In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization’s portfolio. In addition, ASU 2016-13 amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. ASU 2016-13 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. On October 16, 2019, the FASB unanimously approved to delay the required implementation date for this guidance until fiscal years beginning after December 12, 2022 for certain entities. The delay would apply to small reporting companies (as defined by the SEC), such as the Company, non-SEC public companies and private companies. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of ASU 2016-13, to determine the potential impact of the new accounting guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

          In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This ASU simplifies measurement of goodwill and eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The Company should perform its goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. The impairment charge is limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The impact of adopting this ASU did not have an effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

          In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20), Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities, which shortens the period of amortization of the premium on certain callable debt securities to the earliest call date. Currently, generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) excludes certain callable debt securities from consideration of early repayment of principal even if the holder is certain that the call will be exercised. As a result, upon the exercise of a call on a callable debt security held at a premium, the unamortized premium is recorded as a loss in earnings. ASU 2017-08 requires that premiums on certain callable debt securities be amortized to the shortest call date. Securities within the scope of this ASU are those that have explicit, noncontingent call features that are callable at fixed prices and on preset dates. This ASU was effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual periods. The impact of adopting this ASU did not have an effect as our current bond accounting is consistent with the requirements of this guidance.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The amendments in the Update provide optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effect of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. In response to concerns about structural risks of interbank offered rates (IBORs), and, particularly, the risk of cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), regulators in several jurisdictions around the world have undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction based and less susceptible to manipulation. The amendments in this Update are elective and apply to all entities, subject to meeting certain criteria, that have contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. In accordance with the amendments in this Update, an entity may make a one-time election to sell, transfer, or both sell and transfer debt securities classified as held to maturity that reference a rate affected by reference rate reform and that are classified as held to maturity before January 1, 2020. The amendments in this Update are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company does not believe the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

NOTE 11 – BORROWINGS

A summary of outstanding advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago is as follows:

NOTE 12 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DISCLOSURE

FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants and is not adjusted for transaction costs. This guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement inputs) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement inputs). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC 820 are described below:

Basis of Fair Value Measurement:

Following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value:

Securities Available for Sale

Securities classified as available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis using pricing obtained from an independent pricing service. Where quoted market prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1. The Company has no securities classified within Level 1. If quoted market prices are not available, the pricing service estimates the fair values by using pricing models or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. For these securities, the inputs used by the pricing service to determine fair value consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and bonds’ terms and conditions, among other things resulting in classification within Level 2. Level 2 securities include state and municipal securities, and residential mortgage-backed securities. In cases where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3. The Company has no securities classified within Level 3.

OTTAWA BANCORP, INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(continued)

Foreclosed Assets

Foreclosed assets, consisting of foreclosed real estate and repossessed assets, are adjusted to fair value less estimated costs to sell upon transfer of the loans to foreclosed assets. Subsequently, foreclosed assets are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Company records the foreclosed asset as non-recurring Level 2. When an appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Company records the foreclosed asset as non-recurring Level 3.

Impaired Loans

Impaired loans are evaluated and adjusted to the lower of carrying value or fair value less estimated costs to sell at the time the loan is identified as impaired. Impaired loans are carried at the lower of cost or fair value.  Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Company records the impaired loan as non-recurring Level 2. When an appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Company records the impaired loan as non-recurring Level 3.

The Company did not have any transfers of assets or liabilities between Levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company’s policy for determining transfers between levels occurs at the end of the reporting period when circumstances in the underlying valuation criteria change and result in transfers between levels.

The tables below present the recorded amounts of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.