UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020

OR

For the transition period from _______ to ________.

Commission File Number:  001-37886

 

CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

(615) 732-6400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒ No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

 

 

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CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

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TERMINOLOGY

The terms “we,” “our,” “us,” “CapStar,” “the Company,” “CSTR” and “CapStar Financial” that appear in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Report”) refer to CapStar Financial Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, CapStar Bank, which we sometimes refer to as “CapStar Bank,” “our bank subsidiary,” “the Bank” and “our Bank”.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).  These forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events and our financial performance. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “predict,” “potential,” “believe,” “will likely result,” “expect,” “continue,” “will,” “anticipate,” “seek,” “aspire,” “roadmap,” “achieve,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “projection,” “forecast,” “goal,” “target,” “would,” and “outlook,” or the negative version of those words or other comparable words of a future or forward-looking nature. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts, and are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, management’s beliefs and certain assumptions made by management, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond our control. The inclusion of these forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that such expectations, estimates and projections will be achieved. Accordingly, we caution you that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, assumptions and uncertainties that are difficult to predict and that are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date of this Report, actual results may prove to be materially different from the results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. There are or will be important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in these forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, the following:

The COVID-19 pandemic is adversely affecting us, our customers, employees, and third-party service providers, and the ultimate extent of the impacts on our business, including on our credit quality, business operations and liquidity, as well as its impact on general economic and financial market conditions, is uncertain. Continued deterioration in general business and economic conditions, or turbulence in domestic or global financial markets could adversely affect CapStar’s revenues and the values of its assets and liabilities, reduce the availability of funding, affect credit quality, and increase stock price volatility. The Company may not capitalize on opportunities to enhance market share in certain markets and the Company’s services may not be generally accepted in new markets; the ability of the Company to meet expectations regarding the benefits, costs, synergies and financial and operational impact of the FCB Corporation (“FCB”) and the Bank of Waynesboro (“BOW”) mergers; that regulatory or other approvals required for the FCB and BOW mergers will not be obtained or that other customary closing conditions will not be satisfied in a timely manner or at all; reputational risks and the reaction of shareholders, customers, employees or other constituents of the Company to the FCB and BOW mergers; the acceptance by customers of FCB and BOW of the Company’s products and services; the possibility that the FCB and BOW merger integrations will be more expensive or take more time to complete than anticipated; economic conditions (including interest rate environment, government economic and monetary policies, the strength of global financial markets and inflation and deflation) that impact the financial services industry as a whole and/or our business; the concentration of our business in our Target Market and the effect of changes in the economic, political and environmental conditions on this market; increased competition in the financial services industry, locally, regionally or nationally, which may adversely affect pricing and the other terms offered to our clients; an increase in the cost of deposits, loss of deposits or a change in the deposit mix, which could increase our cost of funding; an increase in the costs of capital, which could negatively affect our ability to borrow funds, successfully raise additional capital or participate in strategic acquisition opportunities; our dependence on our management team and board of directors and changes in our management and board composition; our reputation in the community; our ability to execute our strategy to achieve our loan, ROAA and efficiency ratio goals, hire seasoned bankers, and achieve deposit growth through organic growth and strategic acquisitions; credit risks related to the size of our borrowers and our ability to adequately identify, assess and limit our credit risk; our concentration of large loans to a small number of borrowers as well as geographic concentrations located within our Target Market; the significant portion of our loan portfolio that originated during the past two years and therefore may less reliably predict future collectability than older loans; the adequacy of reserves (including our allowance for loan losses) and the appropriateness of our methodology for calculating such reserves; non-performing loans and leases; non-performing assets; charge-offs, non-accruals, troubled debt restructurings, impairments and other credit-related issues; adverse trends in the healthcare service industry, which is an integral component of our Target Market’s economy and which could adversely affect the business operations of certain of our key borrowers; our management of risks inherent in our commercial real estate loan portfolio, and the risk of a prolonged downturn in the real estate market, which could impair the value of our collateral and our ability to sell collateral upon any foreclosure; our inability to realize operating efficiencies and tax savings from the implementation of our strategic plan; governmental legislation and regulation, including changes in the nature and timing of the adoption and effectiveness of new requirements under the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010, as amended, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, as amended, Basel guidelines, capital requirements, accounting regulation or

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standards and other applicable laws and regulations; the loss of large depositor relationships, which could force us to fund our business through more expensive and less stable sources; operational and liquidity risks associated with our business, including liquidity risks inherent in correspondent banking; volatility in interest rates and our overall management of interest rate risk, including managing the sensitivity of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities to interest rates, and the impact to our earnings from a change in interest rates; the potential for our Bank’s regulatory lending limits and other factors related to our size to restrict our growth and prevent us from effectively implementing our business strategy; strategic acquisitions we may undertake to achieve our goals; the sufficiency of our capital, including sources of capital and the extent to which we may be required to raise additional capital to meet our goals; fluctuations in the fair value of our investment securities that are beyond our control; deterioration in the fiscal position of the U.S. government and downgrades in Treasury and federal agency securities; potential exposure to fraud, negligence, computer theft and cyber-crime; the adequacy of our risk management framework; our dependence on our information technology and telecommunications systems and the potential for any systems failures or interruptions; threats to and breaches of our information technology systems and data security, including cyber-attacks; our dependence upon outside third parties for the processing and handling of our records and data; our ability to adapt to technological change; the financial soundness of other financial institutions; our exposure to environmental liability risk associated with our lending activities; our engagement in derivative transactions; our involvement from time to time in legal proceedings and examinations and remedial actions by regulators; our involvement from time to time in litigation or other proceedings instituted by or against shareholders, customers, employees or third parties and the cost of legal fees associated with such litigation or proceedings; the susceptibility of our market to natural disasters and acts of God; and the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and our ability to remediate any future material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting.

The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with those factors that are detailed from time to time in the Company’s periodic and current reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including those factors included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 under the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and in the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K.  If one or more events related to these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may differ materially from our forward-looking statements. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of this Report, and we do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by law. New risks and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict their occurrence or how they will affect us.

 

 

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements

CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. & SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands, except share data)

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

 

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CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. & SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except share data)

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

 

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CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. & SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

 

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CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. & SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except share data)

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

 

 

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CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. & SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

 

 

 

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CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

 

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements as of and for the period ended March 31, 2020 include CapStar Financial Holdings, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, CapStar Bank (the “Bank”, together referred to as the “Company”). Significant intercompany transactions and accounts are eliminated in consolidation.  

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q and do not include all information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. All adjustments consisting of normally recurring accruals that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented have been included.  These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, determination of impairment of intangible assets, including goodwill, the valuation of our investment portfolio, deferred tax assets and estimated liabilities.  There have been no significant changes to the Company’s critical accounting policies as disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Subsequent Events

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 855, Subsequent Events, establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued. The Company evaluated all events or transactions that occurred after March 31, 2020 through the date of the issued financial statements.

On April 24, 2020, the Company adopted articles of amendment to its charter whereby the total number of shares of capital stock which the Company has authority to issue was amended to 40,000,000 shares, of which 35,000,000 shares shall be common stock ($1.00 par value per share) and 5,000,000 shares shall be preferred stock ($1.00 par value per share). Aside from the changes to its authorized shares, no further amendments were made to the Company’s charter.

 

 

NOTE 2 – SECURITIES

The amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows (in thousands):

 

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Security fair values are established by an independent pricing service as of the dates indicated. The difference between amortized cost and fair value reflects current interest rates and represents the potential gain (loss) had the portfolio been liquidated on those dates. Security gains (losses) are realized only in the event of dispositions prior to maturity or other-than-temporary impairment. Securities with unrealized losses as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and the length of time they were in continuous loss positions as of such dates are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

As noted in the table above, as of March 31, 2020, the Company had gross unrealized losses of $0.7 million in its investment securities portfolio. The unrealized losses associated with these investment securities are driven by changes in interest rates and are recorded as a component of equity. These investment securities will continue to be monitored as a part of our ongoing impairment analysis. Management evaluates the financial performance of the issuers on a quarterly basis to determine if it is probable that the issuers can make all contractual principal and interest payments. If a shortfall in future cash flows is identified, a credit loss will be deemed to have occurred and will be recognized as a charge to earnings and a new cost basis for the security will be established.

Because the Company currently does not intend to sell any investment securities that have an unrealized loss at March 31, 2020, and it is not more-likely-than-not that we will be required to sell these investment securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be at maturity, we do not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2020.

Securities with a carrying value of $69.3 million at March 31, 2020 were pledged to collateralize public deposits, derivative positions and Federal Home Loan Bank advances.

Results from sales of securities were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

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The amortized cost and fair value of securities at March 31, 2020, by contractual maturity, are shown below (in thousands). Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.

 

 

 

NOTE 3 – LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

A summary of the loan portfolio as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 follows (in thousands):

 

 

The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses (“ALL”) is assessed at the end of each quarter. The ALL includes a specific component related to loans that are individually evaluated for impairment and a general component related to loans that are segregated into homogenous pools and collectively evaluated for impairment.  The ALL factors applied to these pools are an estimate of probable incurred losses based on management’s evaluation of historical net losses from loans with similar characteristics, which are adjusted by management to reflect current events, trends, and conditions. The adjustments include consideration of the following:  changes in lending policies and procedures, economic conditions, nature and volume of the portfolio, experience of lending management, volume and severity of past due loans, quality of the loan review system, value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans, concentrations, and other external factors. The Company’s evaluation of other external factors included consideration of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) global pandemic and the resulting impact on the Company’s loan portfolio as of March 31, 2020, which is largely uncertain due to rapidly evolving conditions.

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes all commercial loans, and consumer relationships with an outstanding balance greater than $500,000, individually and assigns each loan a risk rating. This analysis is performed on a continual basis by the relationship managers and credit department personnel. On at least an annual basis an independent party performs a formal credit risk review of a sample of the loan portfolio. Among other things, this review assesses the appropriateness of the loan’s risk rating. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Special Mention – A special mention asset possesses deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving of management’s attention. If uncorrected, such weaknesses or deficiencies may expose the Company to an increased risk of loss in the future.

Substandard – A substandard asset is inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard assets, does not have to exist in individual assets classified substandard.

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Doubtful – A doubtful asset has all weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard, with the added characteristic that weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The probability of loss is extremely high, but certain important and reasonable specific pending factors which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset exist, therefore, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until a more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, and refinancing plans.

Loans not falling into the criteria above are considered to be pass-rated loans. The Company utilizes six loan grades within the pass risk rating.

The following tables present the loan balances by category as well as risk rating (in thousands):

 

 

None of the Company’s loans had a risk rating of “Doubtful” as of March 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

The following table details the changes in the ALL for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

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A breakdown of the ALL and the loan portfolio by loan category at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 follows (in thousands):

 

 

The following table presents the allocation of the ALL for each respective loan category with the corresponding percentage of the ALL in each category to total loans, net of deferred fees as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

 

 

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The following table presents the Company’s impaired loans that were evaluated for specific loss allowance as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

The following presents information related to the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

There was no interest income recognized on a cash basis for impaired loans during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019.

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The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 by class of loans (in thousands):

 

 

The following table presents the recorded investment in non-accrual loans, past due loans over 89 days and accruing and troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”) by class of loans as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, all loans classified as nonperforming were deemed to be impaired.

 

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As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had a recorded investment in TDR of $1.3 million and $2.7 million, respectively.  The Company had no specific allowance for those loans at March 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019 and there were no commitments to lend additional amounts.  Loans accounted for as TDR include modifications from original terms such as those due to bankruptcy proceedings, certain modifications of amortization periods or extended suspension of principal payments due to customer financial difficulties.  In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification.  This evaluation is performed under the Bank’s loan policy.  Loans accounted for as TDR are individually evaluated for impairment. In accordance with interagency guidance, short term deferrals granted due to the COVID-19 pandemic are not considered TDRs unless the borrower was experiencing financial difficulty prior to the pandemic.

  

There were no new TDR identified during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019. There were no TDR for which there was a payment default within twelve months following the modification during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019.   

 

A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms.

 

Acquired Loans

 

The following table presents changes in the carrying value of purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans (in thousands):

 

 

The following table presents changes in the accretable yield for PCI loans (in thousands):

 

PCI loans had no impact on the ALL for the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019.

 

 

NOTE 4 – PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT

The Company leases certain premises and equipment under operating leases.  At March 31, 2020, the Company had lease liabilities totaling $12.2 million and right-of-use assets totaling $11.4 million related to these leases.  Lease liabilities and right-of-use assets are reflected in other liabilities and other assets, respectively.  For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the weighted average remaining lease term for operating leases was 10.2 years and the weighted average discount rate used in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was 3.52%.

Lease costs were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

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There were no sale and leaseback transactions, leveraged leases, or lease transactions with related parties during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019.

 

A maturity analysis of operating lease liabilities and reconciliation of the undiscounted cash flows to the total operating lease liability is as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

NOTE 5 – FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES

The Company had outstanding borrowings totaling $10.0 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, via various advances. These advances are non-callable; interest payments are due monthly, with principal due at maturity.

The following is a summary of the contractual maturities and average effective rates of outstanding advances (dollars in thousands):

 

 

Advances from the FHLB are collateralized by investment securities with a market value of $3.2 million, FHLB stock and certain commercial and residential real estate mortgage loans totaling $663.5 million under a blanket mortgage collateral agreement.  At March 31, 2020, the amount of available credit from the FHLB totaled $195.4 million.

 

 

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NOTE 6 – ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The following were changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component, net of tax, for the periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

The following were significant amounts reclassified out of each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

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NOTE 7 – INCOME TAXES

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was -74.6% compared to 22.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

The effective tax rate compared favorably to the statutory federal rate of 21% and Tennessee excise tax rate of 6.5% primarily due to the enactment of new Net Operating Loss (“NOL”) provisions under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). The CARES act permits NOL’s arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2021 to be carried back five taxable years. This enabled the Company to carry back losses incurred during the taxable year 2018 to prior years with a higher statutory tax rate, creating a permanent tax rate benefit. As a result, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $0.8 million related to the permanent tax rate benefit during the period ended March 31, 2020.  In addition to the permanent tax rate benefit, the effective tax rate compared favorably to the statutory rate due to investments in qualified municipal securities, company owned life insurance, state tax credits, net of the effect of certain non-deductible expenses and the recognition of excess tax benefits related to stock compensation.

 

 

NOTE 8 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

In the normal course of business, the Company has outstanding commitments and contingent liabilities, such as commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, which are not included in the accompanying financial statements. The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instruments for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual or notional amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making such commitments as it does for instruments that are included in the balance sheet.

The following table sets forth outstanding financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

The Company is party to litigation and claims arising in the normal course of business. Management believes that the liabilities, if any, arising from such litigation and claims as of March 31, 2020, will not have a material impact on the financial statements of the Company.

 

 

NOTE 9 – DERIVATIVES

The Company utilizes interest rate swap agreements as part of its asset liability management strategy to help manage its interest rate risk position. The notional amount of the interest rate swaps does not represent amounts exchanged by the parties. The amount exchanged is determined by reference to the notional amount and the other terms of the individual interest rate swap agreements.

Interest Rate Swaps Designated as Cash Flow Hedges

There were no interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Company terminated an interest rate swap during 2019, which resulted in a termination fee of $1.5 million. Cash flow swaps that have been terminated resulting in cash settlement equal to previously unrealized gains or losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive income and are being amortized to net income over the remaining contractual terms of the swaps.

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Other Interest Rate Swaps

The Company enters into swaps to facilitate customer transactions and meet their financing needs.  Upon entering into these transactions the Company enters into offsetting positions with large U.S. financial institutions in order to minimize risk to the Company. A summary of the Company’s customer related interest rate swaps was as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Mortgage Banking Derivatives

The Company enters into various derivative agreements with customers in the form of interest-rate lock commitments which are commitments to originate mortgage loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding and the customers have locked into that interest rate. The derivatives are valued using a model that utilizes market interest rates and other unobservable inputs. Changes in the fair value of these commitments due to fluctuations in interest rates that are to be originated to our loans held for sale portfolio are economically hedged through the use of forward sale commitments of mortgage-backed securities. The gains and losses arising from this derivative activity are reflected in current period earnings under mortgage banking income. Interest rate lock commitments are valued using a model with significant unobservable market parameters. Forward sale commitments are valued based on quoted prices for similar assets in an active market with inputs that are observable.

The net gains (losses) relating to mortgage banking derivative instruments included in mortgage banking income were as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

 

There were no gains or losses relating to mortgage banking derivative instruments for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

 

The amount and fair value of mortgage banking derivatives included in the consolidated balance sheets was as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

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NOTE 10 – STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED SHARES

During 2008, the board of directors of the Bank approved the CapStar Bank 2008 Stock Incentive Plan. Following the formation of CapStar Financial Holdings, Inc. in 2016, and in connection with the Share Exchange, the outstanding awards of restricted stock and stock options under the CapStar Bank 2008 Stock Incentive Plan were exchanged for similar awards of restricted stock and stock options issued by CapStar Financial Holdings, Inc. under the CapStar Financial Holdings, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), which the board of directors adopted in 2016. The Stock Incentive Plan provides for the grant of stock-based incentives, including stock options, restricted stock units, performance awards and restricted stock, to employees, directors and service providers that are subject to forfeiture until vesting conditions have been satisfied by the award recipient under the terms of the award.  The Plan is intended to help align the interests of employees and our shareholders and reward our employees for improved Company performance.  The Plan reserved 1,569,475 shares of stock for issuance of stock incentives. Stock incentives include both restricted share and stock option grants.  During 2018, the board of directors approved the addition of 400,000 shares of stock for issuance of stock incentives under the Plan.  Total shares issuable under the plan were 301,921 at March 31, 2020.

The Company has recognized stock-based compensation expense, within salaries and employee benefits for employees, and within other non-interest expense for directors, in the consolidated statements of income as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Restricted Shares

Compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period of the awards based on the fair value of the stock at the issue date. The fair value of each restricted stock grant is based on valuations performed by independent consultants. The recipients have the right to vote and receive dividends but cannot sell, transfer, assign, pledge, hypothecate, or otherwise encumber the restricted stock until the shares have vested. Restricted shares fully vest on the third anniversary of the grant date.  A summary of the changes in the Company’s nonvested restricted shares for the three months ended March 31, 2020 follows:

 

 

As of March 31, 2020, there was $1.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested shares granted under the Plan.  The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years. The total fair value of shares vested during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was $0.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

Stock Options

Option awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant.  Option awards generally have a three year vesting period and a ten year contractual term.

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option pricing model.  There were no options granted in 2020. The Company granted 50,000 options during 2019.

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The fair value of options granted during 2019 was determined using the following weighted average assumptions as of the grant date.

 

 

 

A summary of the activity in stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2020 follows:

 

 

Information related to stock options during each year follows:

 

 

As of March 31, 2020, there was $0.2 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options granted under the Plan.  The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years.

 

 

NOTE 11 – REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS

The Company and the Bank are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by the Federal Reserve and the Bank is also subject to the regulatory capital requirements of the Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions. Failure to meet capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory – and possibly additional discretionary – actions by regulators that could, in that event, have a material adverse effect on the institutions’ financial statements. The relevant regulations require the Company and the Bank to meet specific capital adequacy guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting principles. The capital classifications of the Company and the Bank are also subject to qualitative judgments by their regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Those qualitative judgments could also affect the capital status of the Company and the Bank and the amount of dividends the Company and the Bank may distribute. The final rules implementing the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for U.S. banks (Basel III rules) became effective for the Bank on January 1, 2015 with full compliance with all of the requirements being phased in over a multi-year schedule, and fully phased in by January 1, 2019. The net unrealized gain or loss on available for sale securities is not included in computing regulatory capital. Management believes as of March 31, 2020, the Company and the Bank met all regulatory capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.

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The Company’s and the Bank’s capital amounts and ratios as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are presented in the following table (dollars in thousands).

 

 

 

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NOTE 12 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following is a summary of the basic and diluted earnings per share calculation for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands except share data):

 

 

 

NOTE 13 – FAIR VALUE

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

The Bank used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value:

Investment Securities: The fair values for investment securities are determined by quoted market prices, if available (Level 1). For securities where quoted prices are not available, fair values are calculated based on market prices of similar securities (Level 2), using matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique commonly used to price debt securities that are not actively traded and, values debt securities by relying on quoted prices for the specific securities and the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators (Level 3). See below for additional discussion of Level 3 valuation methodologies and significant inputs. The fair values of all securities are determined from third party pricing services without adjustment.

Derivatives-Interest Rate Swaps: The fair values of derivatives are based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2). The Bank’s derivatives are traded in an over-the-counter market where quoted market prices are not always available. Therefore, the fair values of derivatives are determined using quantitative models that utilize multiple market inputs. The inputs will vary based on the type of derivative, but could include interest rates, prices and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, prepayment rates, and volatility factors to value the position. The majority of market inputs are actively quoted and can be validated through external sources, including brokers, market transactions and third-party pricing services.  The fair values of all interest rate swaps are determined from third party pricing services without adjustment.

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Impaired Loans: The fair value of impaired loans with specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses is generally based on recent appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available for similar loans and collateral underlying such loans. Such adjustments result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification. Impaired loans are evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted in accordance with the loan policy. The Company had no impaired loans carried at fair value at December 31, 2019.

Other Real Estate Owned: Assets acquired through or instead of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. These assets are subsequently accounted for at lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals which are updated no less frequently than annually. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach with data from comparable properties. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Appraisals may be adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the collateral. Such adjustments result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Real estate owned properties are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly.  The Company had no other real estate owned carried at fair value at March 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

Loans Held For Sale: Loans held for sale are carried at either fair value, if elected, or the lower of cost or fair value on a pool-level basis. Origination fees and costs for loans held for sale recorded at lower of cost or market are capitalized in the basis of the loan and are included in the calculation of realized gains and losses upon sale.  Origination fees and costs are recognized in earnings at the time of origination for loans held for sale that are recorded at fair value.  Fair value is determined using quoted prices for similar assets, adjusted for specific attributes of that loan or other observable market data, such as outstanding commitments from third party investors (Level 2).

 

Derivatives-Mortgage Loan Interest Rate Lock Commitments:  Interest rate lock commitments that relate to the origination of mortgage loans that will be held for sale are recorded at fair value, determined as the amount that would be required to settle each derivative instrument at the balance sheet date. The fair value of the interest rate lock commitment is derived from the fair value of related mortgage loans, which is based on observable market data and includes the expected net future cash flows related to servicing of the loans.  In estimating the fair value of an interest rate lock commitment, the Company assigns a probability to the interest rate lock commitment based on an expectation that it will be exercised and the loan will be funded (a “pull through” rate).  The expected pull through rates are applied to the fair value of the unclosed mortgage pipeline, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification. The pull through rate is a statistical analysis of our actual rate lock fallout history to determine the sensitivity of the residential mortgage loan pipeline compared to interest rate changes and other deterministic values. New market prices are applied based on updated loan characteristics and new fallout ratios (i.e., the inverse of the pull through rate) are applied accordingly. Significant increases (decreases) in the pull through rate in isolation result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement. Changes to the fair value of interest rate lock commitments are recognized based on interest rate changes, changes in the probability that the commitment will be exercised, and the passage of time.

 

Derivatives-Mortgage-Backed Securities Forward Sales Commitments:  The Company utilizes mortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments to hedge mortgage loan interest rate lock commitments.  Mortgage-backed securities forward sales commitments are recorded at fair value based on quoted prices for similar assets in an active market with inputs that are observable, resulting in a Level 2 fair value classification.

 

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Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below (in thousands):

 

 

 

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The table below presents a reconciliation of all assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

The following table presents quantitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are summarized below (in thousands):  There were no assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2019.

 

 

 

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value and estimated fair values of the Bank’s financial instruments at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

The methods and assumptions, not previously presented, used to estimate fair values are described as follows:

For these short‑term instruments, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Federal funds sold clear on a daily basis. For this reason, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

It is not practical to determine the fair value of restricted securities due to restrictions placed on their transferability.

In accordance with the prospective adoption of ASU No. 2016-01, the fair value of loans was measured using an exit price notion. Fair values for impaired loans are estimated using discounted cash flow models or based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.

The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value.

 

 

Included in other assets are bank owned life insurance and certain interest rate swap agreements. The fair values of interest rate swap agreements are based on independent pricing services that utilize pricing models with observable market inputs. For bank owned life insurance, the carrying amount is based on the cash surrender value and is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

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The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts and certain money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of certificates of deposit is estimated by discounted cash flow models, using current market interest rates offered on certificates with similar remaining maturities.

The fair value of fixed rate Federal Home Loan Bank Advances is estimated using discounted cash flow models, using current market interest rates offered on certificates, advances and other borrowings with similar remaining maturities.

Included in other liabilities are accrued interest payable and certain interest rate swap agreements. The fair values of interest rate swap agreements are based on independent pricing services that utilize pricing models with observable market inputs. The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value.

Fair values for off-balance sheet, credit-related financial instruments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing.  The fair value of commitments is not material.

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Bank’s entire holdings of a particular instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Bank’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

Fair value estimates are based on estimating on and off‑balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. For example, fixed assets are not considered financial instruments and their value has not been incorporated into the fair value estimates. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in the estimates.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following is a discussion of our financial condition at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.  The purpose of this discussion is to focus on information about our financial condition and results of operations which is not otherwise apparent from the consolidated financial statements.  The following discussion and analysis should be read along with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.  Annualized results for interim periods may not be indicative of results for the full year or future periods.  In addition to historical information, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from our current expectations.  Factors that could cause such differences are discussed in the section entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this Report and the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements except to the extent required by applicable law.

The following discussion and analysis pertains to our historical results on a consolidated basis.  However, because we conduct all of our material business operations through our wholly-owned subsidiary, CapStar Bank, the following discussion and analysis relates to activities primarily conducted at the subsidiary level.

All dollar amounts in the tables in this section are in thousands of dollars, except per share data or when otherwise specifically noted.

Overview

We completed the first three months of 2020 with net income of $1.3 million, or 71.8% less than the comparable period of 2019. Fully diluted net income per share of common stock for the first three months of 2020 was $0.07, compared with $0.25 for the same period in 2019. Annualized return on average assets was 0.26% for the first three months of 2020 compared to 0.97% for the same period in 2019. Average loans for the first three months of 2020 were $1.4 billion, a 2.8% decrease over the comparable period of 2019. Average deposits for the first three months of 2020 were $1.7 billion, a 9.3% increase over the comparable period of 2019.  

The recent outbreak of a novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) has resulted in a global pandemic causing the extended shutdown of certain businesses in the region. The recent developments including the extent of the virus’s spread and the measures, such as quarantines and travel restrictions, taken to contain such spread has adversely affected economic conditions in the United States generally and our markets in particular. While the impact of COVID-19 on the economy, the Company and its clients is evolving rapidly and its future effects are uncertain, management is actively monitoring the situation and taking necessary actions to adjust operations to protect the health and well-being of employees and clients. Despite the uncertainty the Company is well positioned to continue delivering on its strategic initiatives in a responsible manner by prioritizing things such as business continuity, liquidity management and maintaining an adequate allowance for loan losses.

The Company has taken a proactive approach to protecting our team members and their families as a result of COVID-19. The Company was an early adopter of a work from home strategy having previously made significant investments in laptops, virtual private network access, and bandwidth. Through its business continuity procedures, employees tested remote access the first week of March and all non-financial center employees have been working remotely since March 11. Bi-weekly all-employee calls are being conducted to ensure the health of employees, discuss the state of operations, and ensure we are providing the best possible client service and support during this challenging time. Additionally, non-essential business travel has been suspended and company-wide cleaning efforts have been enhanced.

As of March 23, 2020 and until further notice, the Company expanded its social distancing practice by modifying the operations of its financial center network to support the efforts of public health authorities and to help curtail the spread of COVID-19. The Company is temporarily redirecting financial centers to its digital channels, drive-thrus, and ATMs which can handle most financial transactions.

While the ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is largely uncertain, based on an initial assessment of the impact to our loan portfolio we increased our allowance for loan losses through a provision for loan losses of $7.6 million during the first quarter of 2020. Additionally, in an effort to provide relief to clients most impacted by the pandemic, CapStar Bank proactively offered a 90-day full deferment of all loan payments to CapStar borrowers that were less than 30 days past due. As a result, approximately 114 loans (representing approximately $40.3 million in outstanding loan balances) were approved for payment deferment as of March 31, 2020. Subsequent to March 31, 2020 CapStar Bank has continued to assist clients through its payment deferment program. As of May 1, 2020, a total of 663 loans (representing approximately $451.7 million in outstanding loan balances) had been approved for payment deferment. CapStar Bank has also been actively involved in assisting clients apply for loans under the SBA’s Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”). Although no PPP loans had been funded as of March 31, 2020, we have subsequently approved approximately 1,530 PPP loans or $236.3 million through April 28, 2020. As the pandemic continues, we will continue to assess the impact on our market. While it is likely losses will materialize in the future, we continue to proactively work with our clients and evaluate the potential impact of the pandemic on them and us.

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Furthermore, we currently do not anticipate a significant adverse liquidity impact related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, the Company has a comprehensive contingency funding plan that addresses potential adverse liquidity events and emergency cash flow requirements that may arise from the COVID-19 pandemic. See further discussion regarding the Company’s management of liquidity risk in the subsequent section titled ‘Liquidity’.

Our primary revenue sources are net interest income and fees from various financial services provided to customers. Net interest income is the difference between interest income earned on loans, investment securities and other interest earning assets less interest expense on deposit accounts and other interest bearing liabilities. Loan volume and interest rates earned on those loans are critical to overall profitability. Similarly, deposit volume is crucial to funding loans and rates paid on deposits directly impact profitability. Business volumes are influenced by competition, new business acquisition efforts and economic factors including market interest rates, business spending and consumer confidence.

Net interest income decreased $0.3 million, or 2.0%, for the first three months of 2020, compared with the same period in 2019. Net interest margin decreased to 3.50% for the first three months of 2020, compared with 3.75% for the same period of 2019. The negative effects of decreased yields on earning assets were partially offset by the positive effect of decreasing deposit costs.

Provision for loan losses was $7.6 million in 2020 compared to $0.9 million in 2019, a 752.5% increase. Net charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2020 were $43 thousand compared to $40 thousand for the comparable period of 2019. The provision for loan losses represents a charge to earnings necessary to establish an allowance for loan losses that, in management’s evaluation, is adequate to provide coverage for the estimated probable inherent losses on outstanding loans.  Our allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2020 was 1.39% of total loans, compared with 0.89% of total loans at December 31, 2019.  

Total non-interest income in the first three months of 2020 increased $1.1 million, or 24.1%, compared with the same period in 2019, and comprised 21% of total revenues.  

Total non-interest expense for the first three months of 2020 decreased $0.5 million, or 3.5%, compared with the same period in 2019. Our efficiency ratio for the first three months of 2020 was 63.1% compared to 67.7% for the same period in 2019.

Our effective tax rate decreased to -74.6% for the first three months of 2020 from 22.0% for the same period in 2019. The decrease in the effective tax rate is largely the result of the enactment of new provisions under the CARES Act. The CARES act permits NOL’s arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2021 to be carried back 5 taxable years. This enabled the Company to carry back losses incurred during the taxable year 2018 to prior years with a higher statutory tax rate, creating a permanent tax rate benefit. As a result, we recorded an income tax benefit of $0.8 million related to the permanent tax rate benefit during the period ended March 31, 2020. We also implemented new strategies during the period, including the establishment of a Real Estate Investment Trust subsidiary, which also contributed to a lower effective tax rate.

Tangible common equity, a non-GAAP measure, is a measure of a company's capital which is useful in evaluating the quality and adequacy of capital. Our ratio of tangible common equity to total tangible assets was 11.43% as of March 31, 2020, compared with 11.47% at December 31, 2019. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a discussion of and reconciliation to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure.

The following sections provide more details on subjects presented in this overview.

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The following is a summary of our results of operations:

 

 

Annualized return on average assets and annualized return on average shareholders’ equity were 0.26% and 1.94%, respectively, for the first quarter of 2020, compared with 0.97% and 7.54%, respectively, for the same period in 2019.

 

Net Interest Income

The largest component of our net income is net interest income – the difference between the income earned on interest-earning assets and the interest paid on deposits and borrowed funds used to support our assets. Net interest income divided by total average interest-earning assets represents our net interest margin. The major factors that affect net interest income and net interest margin are changes in volumes, the yield on interest-earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities. Our margin can also be affected by economic conditions, the competitive environment, loan demand and deposit flow. Our ability to respond to changes in these factors by using effective asset-liability management techniques is critical to maintaining the stability of the net interest margin and our net interest income.

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The following tables set forth the amount of our average balances, interest income or interest expense for each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the average interest rate for interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, net interest spread and net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

 

 

Our net interest margin was 3.50% and 3.75% for the first quarter of 2020 and 2019, respectively. The decrease in net interest margin was primarily due to declining yields on earning assets partially offset by declining deposit costs.  

For the first quarter of 2019 and 2020, average loan yields decreased from 5.49% to 5.10% which was primarily driven by decreases in short-term interest rate indexes affecting the variable rate portion of our loan portfolio.  From December 31, 2018 to March 31, 2020, the LIBOR – 1 month interest rate decreased from 2.50% to 0.99%.  Similarly, the Bank Prime Loan Rate decreased from 5.50% to 3.25% over the same time period. Approximately 53% of our loan portfolio at March 31, 2020 is variable in nature.  

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Average security yields decreased from 3.20% to 3.04% for 2019 and 2020, respectively, primarily due to decreases in the LIBOR rate on the variable rate portion of our securities portfolio.  The resulting yield on average interest-earning assets decreased 50 basis points for 2020 compared to 2019.

Average funding sources increased 2.9% from 2019 to 2020. The primary driver of our increased funding sources was growth in our average deposits of 9.28% from 2019 to 2020 which was primarily driven by continued growth in our target markets and an enhanced focus on our deposit strategy. Average non-interest bearing deposits increased 12.1% from 2019 to 2020.

The average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was 1.43% for 2020 compared to 1.71% for 2019.  The majority of this decrease was due to decreases in the Fed Funds rate. The Fed Funds rate decreased from 2.40% at December 31, 2018 to 0.09% at March 31, 2020. We passed along a portion of this 231 basis point rate decrease to our clients.

Asset/Liability Management and Interest Rate Risk

Managing interest rate risk is fundamental for the financial services industry. The primary objective of interest rate risk management is to neutralize effects of interest rate changes on net income. By considering both on and off-balance sheet financial instruments, management evaluates interest rate sensitivity while attempting to optimize net interest income within the constraints of prudent capital adequacy, liquidity needs, market opportunities and customer requirements.

Interest Rate Simulation Sensitivity Analysis

We use earnings at risk, or EAR, simulations to assess the impact of changing rates on earnings under a variety of scenarios and time horizons. The simulation model is designed to reflect the dynamics of interest earning assets, interest bearing liabilities and off-balance sheet financial instruments.  These simulations utilize both instantaneous and parallel changes in the level of interest rates, as well as non-parallel changes such as changing slopes and twists of the yield curve.  Static simulation models are based on current exposures and assume a constant balance sheet with no new growth.  Dynamic simulation models are also utilized that rely on detailed assumptions regarding changes in existing lines of business, new business, and changes in management and client behavior.  By estimating the effects of interest rate increases and decreases, the model can reveal approximate interest rate risk exposure. The simulation model is used by management to gauge approximate results given a specific change in interest rates at a given point in time. The model is therefore a tool to indicate earnings trends in given interest rate scenarios and does not indicate actual expected results.

At March 31, 2020, our EAR static simulation results indicated that our balance sheet is asset sensitive to parallel shifts in interest rates. This indicates that our assets generally reprice faster than our liabilities, which results in a favorable impact to net interest income when market interest rates increase. Many assumptions are used to calculate the impact of interest rate fluctuations on our net interest income, such as asset prepayments, non-maturity deposit price sensitivity and decay rates, and key rate drivers. Because of the inherent use of these estimates and assumptions in the model, our actual results may, and most likely will, differ from our static EAR results. In addition, static EAR results do not include actions that our management may undertake to manage the risks in response to anticipated changes in interest rates or client behavior. For example, as part of our asset/liability management strategy, management has the ability to increase asset duration and/or decrease liability duration in order to reduce asset sensitivity, or to decrease asset duration and/or increase liability duration in order to increase asset sensitivity. 

The following table illustrates the results of our EAR analysis to determine the extent to which our net interest income over the next 12 months would change if prevailing interest rates immediately increased or decreased by the specified amounts.

 

 

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Provision for Loan Losses

Our policy is to maintain an allowance for loan losses at a level sufficient to absorb probable incurred losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance is increased by a provision for loan losses, which is a charge to earnings, is decreased by charge-offs and increased by loan recoveries. Our allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans was 1.39% and 0.89% at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

The provision for loan losses amounted to $7.6 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Provision expense is impacted by the absolute level of loans, loan growth, the credit quality of the loan portfolio and the amount of net charge-offs.

Based upon our evaluation of the loan portfolio, we believe the allowance for loan losses to be adequate to absorb our estimate of probable losses existing in the loan portfolio at March 31, 2020. While our policies and procedures used to estimate the allowance for loan losses, as well as the resultant provision for loan losses charged to operations, are considered adequate by management, they are necessarily approximate and imprecise.

There are factors beyond our control, such as conditions in the local and national economy, local real estate markets, or particular industry or borrower-specific conditions, which may materially negatively impact our asset quality and the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses and, thus, the resulting increase in our provision for loan losses could be material. Based on an initial assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic to our loan portfolio we increased our allowance for loan losses through a provision for loan losses of $7.6 million during the first quarter of 2020.

See “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — Note 3 — Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses” for additional information on our allowance for loan losses.

Noninterest Income

In addition to net interest margin, we generate recurring noninterest income from our lines of business. Our banking operations generate revenue from service charges and fees on deposit accounts. We have a mortgage banking line of business that generates revenue from originating and selling mortgages, a line of business that originates and sells commercial real estate loans (Tri-Net), and we have a revenue-sharing relationship with a registered broker-dealer, which generates wealth management fees. In addition to these types of recurring noninterest income, we own insurance on several key employees and record income on the increase in the cash surrender value of these policies.

The following table sets forth the principal components of noninterest income for the periods indicated.

 

 

The slight decrease in treasury management and other deposit service charges for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was driven primarily by transaction volume, which can fluctuate throughout and from period to period.  

Tri-Net fees represent a line of business which originates and sells commercial real estate loans to third-party investors.  All of these loan sales transfer servicing rights to the buyer.  The volume of loan sales fluctuates from period to period based on various factors, including, but not limited to, market conditions and our need for liquidity.

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Mortgage banking income consists of mortgage fee income from the origination and sale of mortgage loans.  These mortgage fees are for loans originated in our markets that are subsequently sold to third-party investors.  Mortgage origination fees will fluctuate from quarter to quarter as the rate environment changes. Mortgage banking income increased 62.7% from 2019 to 2020 primarily due to a significantly higher volume of originations. Additionally, during the second quarter of 2019, we implemented a hedging program for residential mortgage loans originated with the intent to sell.  In connection with this program, we elected the fair value option for this portfolio.  The fair value adjustments for applicable loans held for sale and related derivative instruments at March 31, 2020 resulted in a $0.6 million decrease to mortgage banking income for 2020 when compared to 2019.

Wealth management fees are derived from advisory services offered to specific customers. The increase in wealth management fees for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was mostly driven by transaction volume, which can fluctuate from period to period.  

The increase in interchange and debit card transaction fees is due to the continued growth in the Company’s deposit base and consequent transaction volume.

Other noninterest income primarily consists of loan related fees and income from bank owned life insurance. The increase of $0.1 million from 2019 to 2020 was primarily due to organic growth.

Noninterest Expense

The following table presents the primary components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated.

 

 

Salaries and employee benefits decreased $0.4 million, or 5.1%, for the first quarter of 2020 compared with the same period of 2019. The decrease is primarily related to early retirements taken at the end of 2019 and an increase in deferred loan origination costs related to an increase in loan origination volumes during the period. The number of full-time employees decreased from 289 at March 31, 2019 to 288 at March 31, 2020.

Data processing and software expense increased from 2019 to 2020 primarily due to an increase in the volume of transactions from organic growth and costs associated with IT infrastructure.  

The decrease in occupancy expense and equipment expense from the first quarter of 2020 compared to the first quarter of 2019 is due to a reduction in the amount of maintenance and repair expenditures incurred during the period.  

Merger related expenses in 2019 and 2020 relate to our acquisition of Athens and pending FCB and BOW mergers, respectively.

Our efficiency ratio (ratio of noninterest expense to the sum of net interest income and noninterest income) was 63.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to 67.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The efficiency ratio measures the amount of expense that is incurred to generate a dollar of revenue.

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Income Tax Provision

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we recorded an income tax benefit of $0.6 million compared to income tax expense of$1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Our income tax benefit for the period ended March 31, 2020 reflects an effective income tax rate of -74.6% compared to 22.0% for the period ended March 31, 2019.  Our effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate primarily due to the enactment of new NOL provisions under the CARES Act. The CARES act permits NOL’s arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2021 to be carried back five taxable years. This enabled the Company to carry back losses incurred during the taxable year 2018 to prior years with a higher statutory tax rate, creating a permanent tax rate benefit. As a result the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $0.8 million related to the permanent tax rate benefit during the period ended March 31, 2020.  In addition to the permanent tax rate benefit, the effective tax rate compared favorably to the statutory rate due to investments in qualified municipal securities, company owned life insurance, state tax credits, net of the effect of certain non-deductible expenses and the recognition of excess tax benefits related to stock compensation.

(b)Financial Condition

Balance Sheet

Total assets increased $35.4 million, or 1.7%, from $2.04 billion on December 31, 2019 to $2.07 billion on March 31, 2020. Loans grew $26.7 million, or 1.9%, in the first three months of 2020. Loans held for sale increased $18.7 million, or 11.1%, during the first three months of 2020.  

Total liabilities increased $33.5 million, or 1.9%, from $1.76 billion on December 31, 2019 to $1.80 billion on March 31, 2020. Deposits increased $34.3 million, or 2.0%.  

Loans and Leases

The composition of loans and leases at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and the percentage of each classification to total loans are summarized as follows:

 

 

At March 31, 2020, our loan portfolio composition remained relatively consistent with the composition at December 31, 2019. The commercial real estate category includes owner-occupied commercial real estate loans which is similar in many ways to our commercial and industrial lending in that these loans are generally made to businesses on the basis of the cash flows of the business rather than on the valuation of the real estate.

Non-Performing Loans and Assets

Information summarizing non-performing assets, including non-accrual loans follows:

 

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The following table sets forth the major classifications of non-accrual loans:

 

 

Liquidity risk is the risk that we will be unable to meet our obligations as they become due because of an inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding.  To manage liquidity risk, management has established a comprehensive management process for identifying, measuring, monitoring and controlling liquidity risk.  Because of its critical importance to the viability of the Bank, liquidity risk management is fully integrated into our risk management processes. Critical elements of our liquidity risk management include: effective corporate governance consisting of oversight by the board of directors and active involvement by management; appropriate strategies, policies, procedures, and limits used to manage and mitigate liquidity risk; comprehensive liquidity risk measurement and monitoring systems (including assessments of the current and prospective cash flows or sources and uses of funds) that are commensurate with the complexity and business activities of the Bank; active management of intraday liquidity and collateral; an appropriately diverse mix of existing and potential future funding sources; adequate levels of highly liquid marketable securities free of legal, regulatory, or operational impediments, that can be used to meet liquidity needs in stressful situations; comprehensive contingency funding plans that sufficiently address potential adverse liquidity events and emergency cash flow requirements; and internal controls and internal audit processes sufficient to determine the adequacy of the institution’s liquidity risk management process.

The role of liquidity management is to ensure funds are available to meet depositors’ withdrawal and borrowers’ credit demands while at the same time maximizing profitability. This is accomplished by balancing changes in demand for funds with changes in the supply of those funds. Liquidity is provided by short-term liquid assets that can be converted to cash, investment securities available-for-sale, various lines of credit available to us, and the ability to attract funds from external sources, principally deposits.

Our most liquid assets are comprised of cash and due from banks, available-for-sale marketable investment securities and federal funds sold. The fair value of the available-for-sale investment portfolio was $219.2 million at March 31, 2020. We pledge portions of our investment securities portfolio to secure public fund deposits, derivative positions and Federal Home Loan Bank advances. At March 31, 2020, total investment securities pledged for these purposes comprised 31% of the estimated fair value of the entire investment portfolio, leaving $153.3 million of unpledged securities.

We have a large base of non-maturity customer deposits, defined as demand, savings, and money market deposit accounts. At March 31, 2020, such deposits totaled $1.46 billion and represented 83% of our total deposits.

Other sources of funds available to meet daily needs include FHLB advances. As a member of the FHLB of Cincinnati, the Company has access to credit products offered by the FHLB. The Company views these borrowings as a low cost alternative to other time deposits. At March 31, 2020, available credit from the FHLB totaled $195.4 million. Additionally, we had available federal funds purchased lines with correspondent banks totaling $117.5 million at March 31, 2020.

The principal source of cash for CapStar Financial Holdings, Inc. (the “Parent Company”) is dividends paid to it as the sole shareholder of the Bank. At March 31, 2020, the Bank was able to pay up to $36.9 million in dividends to the Parent Company without regulatory approval subject to the ongoing capital requirements of the Bank.

Accordingly, management currently believes that our funding sources are at sufficient levels to satisfy our short-term and long-term liquidity needs.

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At March 31, 2020, shareholders’ equity totaled $275.8 million, an increase of $2.7 million since December 31, 2019. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2020, the Company and the Bank were well-capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  See the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity and Note 11 of the consolidated financial statements for further detail of the changes in equity since the end of 2019.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the normal course of business, we enter into various transactions that, in accordance with GAAP, are not included in our consolidated balance sheet.  We enter into these transactions to meet the financing needs of our clients. These transactions include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in our consolidated balance sheets. Most of these commitments mature within two years and are expected to expire without being drawn upon.  Standby letters of credit are included in the determination of the amount of risk-based capital that the Company and the Bank are required to hold.

We enter into contractual loan commitments to extend credit, normally with fixed expiration dates or termination clauses, at specified rates and for specific purposes. Substantially all of our commitments to extend credit are contingent upon clients maintaining specific credit standards until the time of loan funding.

Standby letters of credit are written conditional commitments issued by us to guarantee the performance of a client to a third party. In the event that the client does not perform in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the third party, we would be required to fund the commitment.  The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make is represented by the contractual amount of the commitment. If the commitment is funded, we would be entitled to seek recovery from the client.  Our policies generally require that standby letter of credit arrangements contain security and debt covenants similar to those contained in loan agreements.

We minimize our exposure to loss under loan commitments and standby letters of credit by subjecting them to the same credit approval and monitoring procedures as we do for on-balance sheet instruments.  We assess the credit risk associated with certain commitments to extend credit and establish a liability for probable credit losses.  The effect on our revenue, expenses, cash flows and liquidity of the unused portions of these commitments cannot be reasonably predicted because there is no guarantee that the lines of credit will be used.

Our off-balance sheet arrangements are summarized in Note 8 of the consolidated financial statements.

This Report includes the following financial measures that have been prepared other than in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“non-GAAP financial measures”): tangible common equity, tangible common equity to total tangible assets and tangible common equity per share. The Company believes that these non-GAAP financial measures (i) provide useful information to management and investors that is supplementary to its financial condition, results of operations and cash flows computed in accordance with GAAP, (ii) enable a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting the Company’s business, and (iii) allow investors to evaluate the Company’s performance in a manner similar to management, the financial services industry, bank stock analysts and bank regulators; however, the Company acknowledges that its non-GAAP financial measures have a number of limitations.  As such, you should not view these disclosures as a substitute for results determined in accordance with GAAP, and they are not necessarily comparable to non-GAAP financial measures that other companies use.

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The following table presents a reconciliation of tangible common equity, tangible common equity to total tangible assets and tangible common equity per share to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.

 

 

ASU 2016-02, Leases

In February 2016, the FASB amended the Leases topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to revise certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of leasing transactions. The amendments will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.

The Company adopted the guidance using the modified retrospective method and practical expedients for transition. The practical expedients allow the Company to largely account for our existing leases consistent with current guidance except for the incremental balance sheet recognition for lessees. The Company evaluated the new guidance and its impact on the Company’s financial statements. Based on leases outstanding at December 31, 2018, the impact of adoption on January 1, 2019 was recording a lease liability of approximately $13.4 million, a right-of-use asset of approximately $12.8 million, and elimination of deferred rent of approximately $0.6 million. The leasing liability and right-of-use asset are recorded in other liabilities and other assets, respectively.

ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses

In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance to change the accounting for credit losses and modify the impairment model for certain debt securities. The amendments were originally supposed to be effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted for all organizations for periods beginning after December 15, 2018. However, in November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842): Effective Dates, which finalizes effective date delays for private companies, not-for-profit organizations, and certain smaller reporting companies applying the credit losses standard. The Company has elected to delay implementation of the new standard until 2023.

 

ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test of Goodwill Impairment

In January 2017, the FASB amended the Goodwill and Other Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to simplify the accounting for goodwill impairment for public business entities and other entities that have goodwill reported in their financial statements and have not elected the private company alternative for the subsequent measurement of goodwill. The amendment removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill.  The effective date and transition requirements for the technical corrections will be effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019.  These amendments did not have a material effect on the financial statements.

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ASU 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation

In June 2018, the FASB amended the Compensation—Stock Compensation Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification. The amendments expand the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The amendments were effective for years beginning after December 15, 2018. These amendments did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

ASU 2019-04 ― Applicable to entities that hold financial instruments:  

In April 2019, the FASB issued guidance that clarifies and improves areas of guidance related to the recently issued standards on credit losses, hedging, and recognition and measurement of financial instruments. The amendments related to credit losses were effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments related to hedging were effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The amendments related to recognition and measurement of financial instruments were effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. There was no material effect on the financial statements.

ASU 2019-05 ― Applicable to entities that hold financial instruments:  

In May 2019, the FASB issued guidance to provide entities with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option, applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The amendments will be effective for the Company upon adoption of ASU 2016-13 in fiscal year 2023. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.

ASU 2019-12 ― Applicable to entities within the scope of Topic 740, Income Taxes:  

In December 2019, the FASB issued guidance to simplify accounting for income taxes by removing specific technical exceptions that often produce information investors have a hard time understanding. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.

The consolidated financial statements and related consolidated financial data presented herein have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and practices within the banking industry which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. Unlike most industrial companies, virtually all the assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on a financial institution's performance than the effects of general levels of inflation.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

Information required by this item is included in “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Interest Rate Simulation Sensitivity Analysis” of this Report.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company, with the participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s filings under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

General

From time to time, the Company is party to legal actions that are routine and incidental to its business.  Given the nature, scope and complexity of the extensive legal and regulatory landscape applicable to the Company’s business, including laws and regulations governing consumer protection, fair lending, fair labor, privacy, information security and anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism laws, the Company, like all banking organizations, is subject to heightened legal and regulatory compliance and litigation risk.  However, based upon available information and in consultation with legal counsel, management does not expect the ultimate disposition of any or a combination of these actions to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s assets, business, cash flow, condition (financial or otherwise), liquidity, prospects and\or results of operations.

Litigation Against Gaylon M. Lawrence & The Lawrence Group

On October 31, 2017, CapStar filed a complaint, captioned CapStar Financial Holdings, Inc. v. Gaylon M. Lawrence & The Lawrence Group, Case No. 3:17-cv-01421, in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, in connection with Mr. Lawrence and The Lawrence Group's acquisition of our common stock. The complaint alleges that defendants violated Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act by filing materially false and misleading Schedules 13D regarding defendants' acquisition of a minority stake (1,156,675 shares) of our common stock. It also alleged that defendants violated the Change in Bank Control Act, 12 U.S.C. § 1817(j) (the "CBCA"), by attempting to acquire control of CapStar without first receiving approval from the Federal Reserve, and also that defendants violated Tennessee Code Section 45-2-107 by controlling banks without having registered as a bank holding company. 

By order dated December 18, 2017, the court granted our motion for expedited discovery, which is presently underway. Defendants have filed a motion to dismiss the action as well as a separate motion to stay.  The motion to stay was denied by the court on May 21, 2018.  On September 24, 2018, the court denied in part and granted in part defendants' motion to dismiss, permitting our claims that defendants violated Tennessee Code Section 45-2-107 under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act to proceed.

Mr. Lawrence also filed an Interagency Notice of Change in Control pursuant to the CBCA with the Federal Reserve on October 30, 2017 ( the “Notice”), seeking permission to acquire up to 15% of the outstanding voting shares of our common stock. At the Federal Reserve's direction, on March 13, 2018, Mr. Lawrence requested that the Federal Reserve suspend processing of this Notice. On November 6, 2018, the Federal Reserve notified us that it has determined not to disapprove the Notice, subject to compliance by Mr. Lawrence and his affiliates with extensive representations and commitments set forth in correspondence between Mr. Lawrence and the Federal Reserve.  On November 19, 2019, Mr. Lawrence filed an amended Schedule 13D in which he asserted that the Federal Reserve’s determination not to disapprove his Notice has now expired, and in which Mr. Lawrence further stated that he “does not presently intend to file a new Interagency Notice of Change in Control with the Federal Reserve.”

In evaluating an investment in the Company’s securities, investors should consider carefully, among other things, information under the heading “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this Report as well as those factors that are detailed from time to time in the Company’s periodic and current reports filed with the SEC, including those factors included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 under the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and in the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K.

We are providing this additional risk factor to supplement the risk factors contained in Item 1A. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Our business, financial condition, liquidity, credit quality, and results of operations have been, and will likely continue to be, adversely affected by the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to negatively affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, credit quality, and results of operations will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

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Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

The following table shows information relating to the repurchase of shares of common stock by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

 

 

Use of Proceeds

On September 27, 2016, the Company sold 1,688,049 shares of its common stock, including 387,750 shares purchased by the underwriters pursuant to the full exercise of their purchase option, in its initial public offering (“IPO”).  In addition, certain selling shareholders participated in the IPO and sold an aggregate of 1,284,701 shares of the Company’s common stock.    

The shares were sold at a public offering price of $15.00 per share, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $44.6 million. The aggregate offering price for the shares sold by the Company was approximately $25.3 million, and after deducting approximately $1.6 million for the underwriting discount and approximately $2.1 million of offering expenses paid to third parties, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $21.6 million.  The aggregate offering price for the shares sold by the selling shareholders was approximately $19.3 million.

All of the shares were sold pursuant to our Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-213367), which was declared effective by the SEC on September 21, 2016. The offering did not terminate until all of the shares offered were sold.  The Company made no payments to its directors, officers or persons owning ten percent or more of its common stock or to their associates, or to its affiliates in connection with the issuance and sale of the common stock or in connection with the use of IPO proceeds.  Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. and Sandler O’Neill & Partners, L.P. acted as lead book-running managers for the initial public offering. Our common stock is currently trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “CSTR.”

There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our IPO as described in our prospectus filed with the SEC on September 23, 2016 pursuant to Rule 424(b)(4) under the Securities Act. Pending application of the IPO proceeds, we have invested the net proceeds in short-term investments.  During 2017, the Company provided $10.0 million of the IPO proceeds as a capital contribution to the Bank for working capital purposes.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

CAPSTAR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.

 

 

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