Attached files

file filename
EX-32.2 - EX-32.2 - LEAF GROUP LTD.leaf-20191231ex322fef6ab.htm
EX-32.1 - EX-32.1 - LEAF GROUP LTD.leaf-20191231ex3214c1762.htm
EX-31.2 - EX-31.2 - LEAF GROUP LTD.leaf-20191231ex312f50bfd.htm
EX-31.1 - EX-31.1 - LEAF GROUP LTD.leaf-20191231ex311a55ac3.htm
EX-23.1 - EX-23.1 - LEAF GROUP LTD.leaf-20191231ex2319b1378.htm
EX-21.1 - EX-21.1 - LEAF GROUP LTD.leaf-20191231ex2113d7330.htm
10-K - 10-K - LEAF GROUP LTD.leaf-20191231x10k.htm

Exhibit 4.2

 

DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY’S SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

 

As of December 31, 2019, Leaf Group Ltd. (“Leaf Group,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our”) had one class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended: our common stock.

 

DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK

 

Our authorized capital stock consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, and 25,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, $0.0001 par value. The following description of our common stock does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, and our amended and restated bylaws, which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2016.

 

Common Stock

 

All of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. Our shares of common stock are not redeemable and do not have preemptive rights.

 

Our common stock is listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “LEAF.”

 

Dividend Rights

 

Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds.

 

Voting Rights

 

Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, including the election of directors. Our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Accordingly, holders of a majority of the voting shares are able to elect all of the directors.

 

Liquidation

 

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any then outstanding shares of preferred stock.

 

Rights and Preferences

 

Holders of our common stock have no preemptive, conversion, subscription or other rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of our common stock are subject to and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of our preferred stock that we may designate in the future.

 

Preferred Stock – Limitations on Rights of Holders of Common Stock

 

Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to issue up to 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof. The rights, preferences and privileges of our preferred stock could include dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of common stock. The issuance of our preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and the likelihood that such holders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation. In addition, the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of our company or other corporate action.

 

Prior to the issuance of shares of each series, our board of directors is required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to adopt resolutions and file a certificate of designation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The certificate of designation fixes for each class or series the designations, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions of each such class or series, including, but not limited to, the following:

 

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the number of shares constituting each class or series;

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dividend rights and rates;

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voting rights;

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conversion terms;

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rights and terms of redemption (including sinking fund provisions);

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rights upon dissolution of the company or a distribution of assets; and

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liquidation preferences.

 

All shares of preferred stock offered hereby will, when issued, be fully paid and nonassessable and will not have any preemptive or similar rights.

 

Transfer Agent

 

The transfer agent for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company LLC. 

 

Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware Law and Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides for our board of directors to be divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. Only one class of directors will be elected at each annual meeting of our stockholders, with the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms. Because our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights, our stockholders holding a majority of the shares of common stock outstanding will be able to elect all of our directors. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provides that only our board of directors may fill vacancies created by expansion of our board of directors or the resignation, death or removal of a director. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of preferred stock then outstanding, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide that all stockholder actions must be effected at a duly called meeting of stockholders and not by a consent in writing, and that only our board of directors, Chairman of our board of directors, Chief Executive Officer or President (in the absence of a Chief Executive Officer) may call a special meeting of stockholders. In addition, our amended and restated bylaws provide that stockholders must comply with advance notice provisions to bring business before or nominate directors for election at a stockholder meeting.

Subject to the rights of holders of any series of preferred stock then outstanding, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws require a 66-2/3% stockholder vote for the rescission, alteration, amendment or repeal of the amended and restated bylaws by stockholders. The combination of the

classification of our board of directors, the lack of cumulative voting and the inability of our stockholders to remove a director without cause will make it more difficult for our existing stockholders to replace our board of directors as well as for another party to obtain control of us by replacing our board of directors. Since our board of directors has the power to retain and discharge our officers, these provisions could also make it more difficult for existing stockholders or another party to effect a change in management. In addition, the authorization of undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for our board of directors to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to change our control.

These provisions may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in our control or management. They are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and its policies and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened acquisition of us. These provisions are also designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal and to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, such provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they also may inhibit fluctuations in the market price of our stock that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. Such provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in our management.

Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware

We are subject to Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, which prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, with the following exceptions:

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before such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

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upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction began, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned (i) by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

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on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66-2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

In general, Section 203 defines a “business combination” to include the following:

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any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

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any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of assets of the corporation with an aggregate market value of 10% or more of either the aggregate market value of all assets of the corporation on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding stock of the corporation involving the interested stockholder;

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subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

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any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock or any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; or

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the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loss, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an “interested stockholder” as an entity or person who, together with the stockholder’s affiliates and associates (as defined in Section 203), beneficially owns, or within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

Acceleration of Equity Awards Upon Change of Control

Generally, under our Amended and Restated 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and our Amended and Restated 2010 Incentive Award Plan, in the event of certain mergers, a reorganization or consolidation of our company with or into another corporation or the sale of all or substantially all of our assets or all of our capital stock wherein the successor corporation does not assume outstanding equity awards, including stock options and restricted stock units, or issue equivalent equity awards, our board of directors is required to accelerate the vesting of any such equity awards outstanding under such plans.