Attached files
file | filename |
---|---|
EX-23.1 - CONSENT OF SATUMA GROUP CHARTERED PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANTS LLP, - NOWEA ENERGY, INC. | exhibit_23-1.htm |
EX-5.1 - LEGAL OPINION AND CONSENT OF O'NEAL LAW OFFICE - NOWEA ENERGY, INC. | exhibit_5-1.htm |
EX-10.4 - ENNIS LEASE ASSIGNMENT - NOWEA ENERGY, INC. | exhibit_10-4.htm |
EX-10.3 - WHITTAKER LEASE ASSIGNMENT - NOWEA ENERGY, INC. | exhibit_10-3.htm |
EX-10.2 - HARDCASTLE LEASE ASSIGNMENT - NOWEA ENERGY, INC. | exhibit_10-2.htm |
EX-10.1 - DAVIES LEASE ASSIGNMENT - NOWEA ENERGY, INC. | exhibit_10-1.htm |
EX-3.2 - BYLAWS OF REGISTRANT. - NOWEA ENERGY, INC. | exhibit_3-2.htm |
EX-3.1 - ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OF REGISTRANT. - NOWEA ENERGY, INC. | exhibit_3-1.htm |
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF
1933
|
NORTHWEST OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
|
(Name
of registrant as specified in its charter)
|
Nevada
|
|
1381
|
|
82-3552932
|
(State
or jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
|
|
(Primary
Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)
|
|
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.)
|
4650
Wedekind Road, #2
Sparks, Nevada 89431
|
(775) 882-7549
|
(Address,
including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of
Registrant’s principal executive offices)
|
|
Resident Agency National
4650 Wedekind Road, #2
Sparks, Nevada 89431
(775) 882-7549
With a copy to:
O’Neal Law Office
c/o William O’Neal, Esq.
2868 N. Crestwood Ct.
Florence, AZ 85132
(480) 510-4253
bdoneal59@gmail.com
|
(Name,
address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area
code, of agent for service)
|
Approximate
date of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after
the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any
of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered
on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the
Securities Act of 1933 check the following
box: ☒
If this
Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the
following box and list the Securities Act Registration Statement
number of the earlier effective Registration Statement for the same
offering. ☐
If this
Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the
Securities Act Registration Statement number of the earlier
effective Registration Statement for the same offering.
☐
1
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an
emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large
accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,”
“smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth
company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
one):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Large accelerated filer
|
|
☐
|
|
Accelerated filer
|
|
☐
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Non-accelerated
filer
|
|
☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting
company)
|
|
Smaller reporting company
|
|
☒
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
Emerging growth company
|
|
☒
|
If an
emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant
has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided
pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities
Act. ☒
2
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered
|
|
Amount to be Registered
|
|
|
Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Security(1) ($)
|
|
|
Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price(1) ($)
|
|
|
Amount of Registration Fee ($)
|
|
||||
Selling
Shareholders
|
|
|
390,000
|
|
|
$
|
0.20
|
|
|
$
|
78,000
|
|
|
$
|
9.45
|
|
(1)
|
Estimated
solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee in
accordance with Rule 457 of the Securities Act of
1933.
|
The
registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date
or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the
registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states
that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective
in accordance with section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or
until the registration statement shall become effective on such
date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to
said section 8(a), may determine.
3
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be
amended. The Registrant may not sell these securities until the
Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell
these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these
securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION DATED ___________, 2019
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
NORTHWEST OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
390,000 SHARES OF COMMON STOCK
OFFERING PRICE $0.20 PER SHARE
This
prospectus relates to the offering (the Offering”) of 390,000
shares of our common stock by our Selling Shareholders at a fixed
offering price of $0.20 per share until our shares are quoted on
the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, and thereafter at prevailing
market prices or privately negotiated prices. We will pay all
expenses incurred in this Offering (other than transfer taxes), and
the Selling Shareholders will receive all of the net proceeds from
this Offering.
AN INVESTMENT IN OUR SECURITIES IS SPECULATIVE. INVESTORS SHOULD BE
ABLE TO AFFORD THE LOSS OF THEIR ENTIRE INVESTMENT. YOU SHOULD
CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE FACTORS DESCRIBED UNDER THE HEADING
“RISK FACTORS” BEGINNING ON PAGE 9 BEFORE
INVESTING IN OUR COMMON STOCK.
Prior
to this Offering, there has been no public market for our common
stock and we have not applied for the listing or quotation of our
common stock on any public market. We have arbitrarily determined
the offering price of $0.20 per share in relation to this Offering.
The offering price bears no relationship to our assets, book value,
earnings or any other customary investment criteria. After the
effective date of the registration statement, we intend to seek a
market maker to file an application with the Financial Industry
Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) to have our common stock
quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board. We may never be approved for
trading on any exchange. We currently have no market maker who is
willing to list quotations for our stock. There is no assurance
that an active trading market for our shares will develop or will
be sustained if developed.
You
should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus.
We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information
different from that contained in this Prospectus. The information
contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of
this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this
prospectus or of any sale of our common shares.
The Company is an emerging growth company under the Jumpstart Our
Business Startups Act.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE
SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE
SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS
PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL
OFFENSE.
The
date of this prospectus is _______, 2019
4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The following table of contents has been designed to help you find
information contained in this prospectus. We encourage you to read
the entire prospectus.
|
|
|
|
|
Page
|
|
|
|
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
|
|
6
|
|
|
|
RISK
FACTORS
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
CAUTIONARY
STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
USE OF
PROCEEDS
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
DILUTION
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
DETERMINATION
OF THE OFFERING PRICE
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
DIVIDEND
POLICY
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
MARKET
FOR OUR COMMON STOCK
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
DESCRIPTION
OF OUR BUSINESS
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
MANAGEMENT
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
PRINCIPAL
SHAREHOLDERS
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
PLAN OF
DISTRIBUTION
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
SELLING
SHAREHOLDERS
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
DESCRIPTION
OF SECURITIES
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
SHARES
ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
LEGAL
MATTERS
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
EXPERTS
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
DISCLOSURE
OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES
LIABILITIES
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
CHANGES
IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING ANDFINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATION
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
|
|
F-1
|
5
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This
Prospectus and any supplement to this Prospectus include
“forward-looking statements”. To the extent that the
information presented in this Prospectus discusses financial
projections, information or expectations about our business plans,
results of operations, products or markets, or otherwise makes
statements about future events, such statements are
forward-looking. Such forward-looking statements can be identified
by the use of words such as “intends”,
“anticipates”, “believes”,
“estimates”, “projects”,
“forecasts”, “expects”, “plans”
and “proposes”. Although we believe that the
expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are
based on reasonable assumptions, there are a number of risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially
from such forward-looking statements. These include, among others,
the cautionary statements in the “Risk Factors” section
beginning on page 9 of this Prospectus and the
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Position and Results of Operations” section beginning on page
34 of this Prospectus.
This
summary only highlights selected information contained in greater
detail elsewhere in this Prospectus. This summary does not contain
all of the information that you should consider before investing in
our common stock. You should carefully read the entire Prospectus,
including “Risk Factors” beginning on page 9, and the
consolidated financial statements, before making an investment
decision.
Corporate Background and Business Overview
Northwest
Oil & Gas Trading Company, Inc. (“NWOG”, the
“Company” “we” or “us”) is a
development stage company. We were incorporated under the laws of
the state of Nevada on April 7, 2017. We are in the business of oil exploration. On December
21, 2017, we formalized an agreement whereby we were assigned
partial interest in two operating oil and gas leases in Warren
County, Kentucky. Two additional leases were assigned to us on
April 24, 2018. Our fiscal year end is May 31.
Our
business offices are currently located at 4650 Wedekind Road, #2,
Sparks, Nevada 89431. Our telephone number is (775)
882-7549.
We have
two (2) executive officers, Joachim Haas, our Chief Executive
Officer and President, and Thomas Hoeder, our Chief Financial
Officer. Our two (2) Directors are Joachim Haas and Michael
Ende.
We are
a development stage company that has generated no revenues and has
had limited operations to date. At
August 31, 2018, the Company had not yet recorded any revenues, has
a working capital deficit of $309,752, and has an accumulated
deficit of $50,817. As of
August 31, 2018, we had $3,185 in current assets and current
liabilities of $312,937. Through August 31, 2018, we have issued an
aggregate of 21,410,000 shares of our common stock since our
inception. We issued 21,000,000 shares of our common stock to three
(3) founding shareholders for services in connection with the
formation and organization of the Company. We issued a total of
410,000 shares of our common stock to forty-one (41) separate
foreign shareholders on March 31, 2017, pursuant to a private
placement of our common stock exempt from registration under
Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933, for total proceeds of
approximately $4,100. Except for acquisition of the four (4) leases
described above, since our inception we have not made any
significant purchase or sale of assets, nor have we been involved
in any mergers, acquisitions or consolidations.
Due to
the uncertainty of our ability to meet our current operating and
capital expenses, our independent auditors have included a going
concern opinion in their report on our audited financial statements
for the period August 31, 2018. The notes to our financial
statements contain additional disclosure describing the
circumstances leading to the issuance of a going concern opinion by
our auditors.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company
As a
company with less than $1 billion in revenue in our last fiscal
year, we are defined as an “emerging growth company”
under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (“JOBS”)
Act. We will retain “emerging growth
company” status until the earliest of:
6
●
|
The
last day of the fiscal year during which our annual revenues are
equal to or exceed $1 billion;
|
●
|
The
last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our
first sale of common stock pursuant to a registration statement
filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, which we refer
to in this document as the Securities Act;
|
●
|
The
date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in nonconvertible
debt in a previous three-year period; or
|
●
|
The
date on which we qualify as a large accelerated filer under Rule
12b-2 adopted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the “Exchange Act”) (i.e., an issuer with a public
float of $700 million that has been filing reports with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the
Exchange Act for at least 12 months).
|
As an
emerging growth company, we may take advantage of specified reduced
disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise applicable
generally to SEC reporting companies. For so long as we
remain an emerging growth company we will not be required
to:
●
|
have an
auditor report on our internal control over financial reporting
pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Wall Street Reform
and Consumer Protection Act of 2002;
|
●
|
comply
with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation
or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional
information about the audit and the financial statements (i.e., an
auditor discussion and analysis);
|
●
|
submit
certain executive compensation matters to stockholder non-binding
advisory votes;
|
●
|
submit
for stockholder approval golden parachute payments not previously
approved;
|
●
|
disclose
certain executive compensation related items, as we will be subject
to the scaled disclosure requirements of a smaller reporting
company with respect to executive compensation disclosure;
and
|
●
|
present
more than two years of audited financial statements and two years
of selected financial data in this registration statement and
future filings, instead of the customary three years for audited
financial statements and five years for selected financial
data.
|
Pursuant
to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act, we have elected to use the
extended transition period for complying with new or revised
accounting standards under Section 102(b)(2) of The JOBS
Act. This election allows us to delay the adoption of
new or revised accounting standards that have different effective
dates for public and private companies until those standards apply
to private companies. As a result, our financial
statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with
public company effective dates. Section 107 of the JOBS
Act provides that our decision to opt into the extended transition
period for complying with new or revised accounting standards is
irrevocable.
Because
the worldwide market value of our common stock held by
non-affiliates, or public float, is below $75 million, we are also
a “smaller reporting company” as defined under the
Exchange Act. Some of the foregoing reduced disclosure
and other requirements are also available to us because we are a
smaller reporting company and may continue to be available to us
even after we are no longer an emerging growth company under the
JOBS Act but remain a smaller reporting company under the Exchange
Act. As a smaller reporting company we are not required
to:
●
|
have an
auditor report on our internal control over financial reporting
pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;
and
|
●
|
present
more than two years of audited financial statements in our
registration statements and annual reports on Form 10-K and present
any selected financial data in such registration statements and
annual reports.
|
7
Summary of the Offering
Shares of common stock being offered by the
Registrant:
|
|
390,000
shares (the “Maximum Offering”) of the Selling
Shareholder’s common stock.
|
|
|
|
Offering price:
|
|
$0.20
per share of common stock.
|
|
|
|
Number of shares outstanding before the Offering:
|
|
As of
December 15, 2018, we had 21,410,000 shares of our common stock
issued and outstanding, and no issued and outstanding convertible
securities.
|
|
|
|
Number of shares outstanding after the Offering
|
|
21,410,00
if all of the shares being offered are sold
|
|
|
|
Market for the common stock:
|
|
There
is no public market for our common stock. After the effective date
of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part,
we intend to seek a market maker to file an application on our
behalf to have our common stock quoted on the Over-the-Counter
Bulletin Board. We may never be approved for trading on any
exchange. We currently have no market maker who is willing to list
quotations for our stock. There is no assurance that a trading
market for our stock will develop be sustained if
developed
|
|
|
|
Use of Proceeds:
|
|
No
proceeds to the Company.
|
|
|
|
Risk Factors:
|
|
See the
“Risk Factors” beginning on page 9 and the other
information in this prospectus for a discussion of the factors you
should consider before deciding to invest in shares of our common
stock.
|
|
|
|
Dividend Policy:
|
|
We have
not declared or paid any dividends on our common stock since our
inception, and we do not anticipate paying any such dividends for
the foreseeable future.
|
Summary Financial Data
The
following summary financial information for the period from April
7, 2017 (date of inception) through August 31, 2018, includes
statement of expenses and balance sheet data from our financial
statements. The information contained in this table should be read
in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation” and
the financial statements and accompanying notes included in this
prospectus.
Our
financial status creates substantial doubt whether we will continue
as a going concern.
Statement of Operations
|
Period from
Inception (April 7, 2017) To
August 31, 2018
|
Three Months
Ended August 31, 2018
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
Revenues
|
$0
|
0
|
Total
expenses
|
$50,817
|
$8,175
|
Net
loss
|
$(50,817)
|
$(8,175)
|
8
Balance Sheet Data
|
August 31, 2018 (Unaudited)
|
|
|
Total
assets
|
$287,220
|
Total
liabilities
|
$312,937
|
Total liabilities
and stockholders’ deficit
|
$287,220
|
RISK FACTORS
An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk.
You should carefully consider the following risk factors and other
information in this prospectus before deciding to invest in our
Company. If any of the following risks actually occur, our
business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects
for growth could be seriously harmed. As a result, the trading
price of our common stock could decline and you could lose all or
part of your investment.
Risks Relating to Our Business
There is uncertainty regarding our ability to continue as a going
concern, indicating the possibility that we may be required to
curtail or discontinue our operations in the future. If we
discontinue our operations, you may lose all of your
investment.
We have
an accumulated deficit of $50,817 as of August 31, 2018, and have
completed only the preliminary stages of our business plan. We
anticipate incurring additional losses before realizing any
revenues and will depend on additional financing in order to meet
our continuing obligations and ultimately, to attain profitability.
The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might
result from the uncertainty about our ability to continue our
business. If we are unable to obtain additional financing from
outside sources and eventually produce enough revenues, we may be
forced to sell our assets, or curtail or discontinue our
operations. If this happens, you could lose all or part of your
investment.
We are in an early stage of development. If we are not able to
develop our business as anticipated, we may not be able to generate
revenues or achieve profitability and you may lose your
investment.
We were
incorporated on April 7, 2017. We are in an early stage of
development and have not earned any revenues to date. Our business
prospects are difficult to predict because of our limited operating
history, early stage of development, and unproven business
strategy. As at August 31, 2018, we have incurred accumulated net
losses of $50,817. We expect to continue to incur operating losses
for the foreseeable future, and such losses may be substantial.
Given our history of operating losses, we cannot assure you that we
will be able to achieve or maintain operating profitability on an
annual or quarterly basis or at all. If we are unable to execute
our business plan as anticipated, we may not be able to generate
revenues or achieve profitability and you may lose your
investment.
We expect to suffer losses in the immediate future that may cause
us to curtail or discontinue our operations.
We
expect to incur operating losses in future periods. These losses
will occur because we do not yet have any revenues to offset the
expenses associated with the development of our business
operations, generally. We cannot guarantee that we will ever be
successful in generating revenues in the future. We recognize that
if we are unable to generate revenues, we will not be able to earn
profits or continue operations. There is no history upon which to
base any assumption as to the likelihood that we will prove
successful, and we can provide investors with no assurance that we
will generate any operating revenues or ever achieve profitable
operations. If we are unsuccessful in addressing these risks, our
business will almost certainly fail.
9
We have limited sales and marketing experience, which increases the
risk that our business will fail.
Our
officers, who will be responsible for marketing, have only nominal
sales and marketing experience. There can be no assurance that our
efforts will be successful. Further, if our initial efforts to
create a market are not successful, there can be no assurance that
we will be able to attract and retain qualified individuals with
marketing and sales expertise to attract customer. Our future
success will depend, among other factors, upon whether our products
and services can be sold at a profitable price and the extent to
which consumers acquire, adopt, and continue to use
them.
We may not be able to execute our business plan or stay in business
without additional funding.
Our
ability to generate future operating revenues depends in part on
whether we can obtain the financing necessary to implement our
business plan. We will likely require additional financing through
the issuance of debt and/or equity in order to establish profitable
operations, and such financing may not be forthcoming. As widely
reported, the global and domestic financial markets have been
extremely volatile in recent months. If such conditions and
constraints continue or if there is no investor appetite to finance
our specific business, we may not be able to acquire additional
financing through credit markets or equity markets. Even if
additional financing is available, it may not be available on terms
favorable to us. At this time, we have not identified or secured
sources of additional financing. Our failure to secure additional
financing when it becomes required will have an adverse effect on
our ability to remain in business.
If our estimates related to future expenditures are erroneous or
inaccurate, our business will fail and you could lose your entire
investment.
Our
success is dependent in part upon the accuracy of our
management’s estimates of our future cost expenditures for
legal and accounting services (including those we expect to incur
as a publicly reporting company), for research and development,
construction, marketing, and for administrative expenses over the
next twelve (12) months. If such estimates are erroneous or
inaccurate, or if we encounter unforeseen costs, we may not be able
to carry out our business plan, which could result in the failure
of our business and the loss of your entire
investment.
Our auditor has raised substantial doubts about our ability to
continue as a going concern and if we are unable to continue our
business, our shares may have little or no value.
Our
ability to become a profitable operating company is dependent upon
our ability to generate revenues and/or obtain financing adequate
to fulfill its research and market introduction activities, and
achieving a level of revenues adequate to support our cost
structure has raised substantial doubts about our ability to
continue as a going concern. We plan to attempt to raise additional
equity capital by selling shares, if necessary, through one or more
private placement or public offerings. However, the doubts raised,
relating to our ability to continue as a going concern, may make
our shares an unattractive investment for potential investors.
These factors, among others, may make it difficult to raise any
additional capital.
We are a small company with limited resources relative to our
competitors and we may not be able to compete
effectively.
Our
competitors have longer operating histories, greater resources and
name recognition, and a larger base of customers than we have. As a
result, these competitors will have greater credibility with our
potential customers. They also may be able to adopt more aggressive
pricing policies and devote greater resources to the development,
promotion, and sale of their services than we may be able to devote
to our services. Therefore, we may not be able to compete
effectively and our business may fail.
The loss of the services of any of our officers or our failure to
timely identify and retain competent personnel could negatively
impact our ability to develop our website and sell our
services.
The
development of our business will continue to place a significant
strain on our limited personnel, management, and other resources.
Our future success depends upon the continued services of our
executive officers, Joachim Haas, our Chief Executive Officer,
President and Director, and Thomas Hoeder our Chief Financial
Officer, who are developing our business, and on our ability to
identify and retain competent consultants and employees with the
skills required to execute our business objectives. The loss of the
services of any of our officers or our failure to timely identify
and retain competent personnel could negatively impact our ability
to develop our website and sell our services, which could adversely
affect our financial results and impair our growth.
10
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have
conflicts of interest in that they have other time commitments that
will prevent them from devoting full-time to our operations, which
may affect our operations.
Because
our Chief Executive Officer, Joachim Haas, and our Chief Financial
Officer, Thomas Hoeder, only devote approximately fifty percent
(50%) of their full working time to operation and management of us,
the implementation of our business plans may be impeded. Mr. Haas
and Mr. Hoeder have limited time in which to devote to our
operations, which may slow our operations and may reduce our
financial results and as a result, we may not be able to continue
with our operations. Additionally, if Mr. Haas and Mr. Hoeder
became unable to handle their daily duties of the Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer on their own, we may not be
able to hire additional qualified personnel to replace them in a
timely manner. If this event should occur, we may not be able to
reach profitability, which might result in the loss of some or all
of your investment in our common stock.
Risks related to our US operations.
Part of
our strategy involves drilling in existing or emerging shale plays
using available drilling and completion techniques. The results of
our planned exploratory and development drilling in these plays are
subject to drilling and completion technique risks and drilling
results may not meet our expectations for reserves or production.
As a result, we may incur material write-downs and the value of our
undeveloped acreage could decline if drilling results are
unsuccessful. Our current working capital, together with cash
generated from anticipated production, may not be sufficient to
support all planned exploration and development opportunities, our
debt service obligation and our other contractual
obligations.
We may
not be able to successfully drill wells that produce oil or natural
gas in commercially viable quantities. We cannot assure you that
each well we drill will produce commercial quantities of oil and
natural gas. The total cost of drilling, completing and operating a
well is uncertain before drilling commences. Overruns in budgeted
expenditures are a common risk that can make a particular project
uneconomical. The use of seismic data and other technologies and
the study of producing fields in the same area will not enable us
to know conclusively prior to drilling each well whether oil or
natural gas will be present or, if present, whether oil or natural
gas will be present in commercial quantities. Our use of seismic
data is subject to interpretation and may not accurately identify
the presence of natural gas and oil. Further, many factors may
curtail, delay or cancel drilling, including the
following:
●
delays and restrictions imposed by or resulting from compliance
with regulatory requirements;
●
changes in laws and regulations applicable to oil and natural gas
activities;
●
hazards resulting from unusual or unexpected geological or
environmental conditions;
●
shortages of or delays in obtaining equipment and qualified
personnel;
●
equipment failures or accidents;
●
adverse weather conditions;
●
reductions in oil and natural gas prices;
●
land title problems;
●
lack of available gathering facilities or delays in construction of
gathering facilities;
●
unanticipated transportation costs and delays; and
●
limitations in the market for oil and natural gas.
Any of
these risks can cause substantial losses, and some may entail
personal injury or loss of life, damage to or destruction of
property, natural resources and equipment, pollution, environmental
contamination or loss of wells and other regulatory penalties. The
occurrence of any of these events could negatively affect our
ability to successfully drill wells that produce oil or natural gas
in commercially viable quantities.
We may not adhere to our proposed drilling schedule.
Our
final determination of whether to drill any scheduled or budgeted
wells will be dependent on a number of factors,
including:
●
the availability and costs of drilling and service equipment and
crews;
11
●
economic and industry conditions;
●
prevailing and anticipated prices for oil and gas;
●
the availability of sufficient capital resources;
●
the results of our exploitation efforts; and
●
our ability to obtain permits for drilling locations.
We have historically incurred losses and cannot assure investors as
to future profitability.
The
actual quantities and present value of our proved reserves may be
lower than we have estimated. In addition, the present value of
future net revenues from our proved reserves will not necessarily
be the same as the current market value of our estimated oil and
natural gas reserves. Properties that we have acquired and that we
may acquire in the future may not produce oil or natural gas as
projected, and we may be unable to successfully determine reserve
potential, identify liabilities associated with the properties or
obtain protection from sellers against them, which could cause us
to incur losses
Our business involves numerous operating hazards and exposure to
significant weather and climate risks. We have not insured and
cannot fully insure against all risks related to our operations,
which could result in substantial claims for which we are
underinsured or uninsured.
We have
not insured and cannot fully insure against all risks and have not
attempted to insure fully against risks where the cost of available
coverage is excessive relative to the perceived risks
presented.
In addition, certain pollution and environmental risks generally
are not insurable. Our exploration, drilling and other activities
are subject to risks such as:
●
adverse weather conditions, natural disasters and other
environmental disturbances;
●
fires and explosions;
●
environmental hazards, such as uncontrollable flows of natural gas,
oil, brine, well fluids, toxic gas or other pollution into the
environment, including groundwater and shoreline
contamination;
●
abnormally pressured formations;
●
mechanical failures of drilling equipment;
●
personal injuries and death, including insufficient worker
compensation coverage for third-party contractors who provide
drilling services; and
●
acts of terrorism.
In
particular, our operations in Alabama and Kentucky are conducted in
areas subject to extreme weather conditions and often in difficult
terrain. Primarily in the winter and spring, our operations are
often curtailed because of cold, snow and wet conditions. Unusually
severe weather could further curtail these operations, including
drilling of new wells or production from existing wells, and
depending on the severity of the weather, could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations. In addition, weather conditions and other events could
temporarily impair our ability to transport our oil and natural gas
production.
We do
not carry business interruption insurance coverage. Losses and
liabilities arising from uninsured and underinsured events, which
could arise from even one catastrophic accident, could reduce the
funds available for our exploration, development and production
activities and could materially and adversely affect our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
Our interests are held in the form of leases that we may be unable
to retain and the title to our properties may be
defective.
Our
properties are held under leases and working interests in leases.
If we or the holder of a lease fails to meet the specific
requirements of the lease regarding delay rental payments,
continuous production or development, or similar terms, portions of
the lease may terminate or expire. There can be no assurance that
any of the obligations required to maintain each lease will be met.
The termination or expiration of our leases or the working
interests relating to leases may reduce our opportunity to exploit
a given prospect for oil and natural gas production and thus have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operation and
financial condition.
12
It is
our practice in acquiring interests in oil and natural gas leases
not to undergo the expense of retaining lawyers to fully examine
the title to the interest to be placed under lease or already
placed under lease. Rather, we rely upon the judgment of oil and
natural gas lease brokers or landmen who actually do the field work
in examining records in the appropriate governmental office before
attempting to place under lease a specific interest. We believe
that this practice is widely followed in the oil and natural gas
industry.
Prior
to drilling a well for oil and natural gas, it is the normal
practice in the oil and natural gas industry for the person or
company acting as the operator of the well to hire a lawyer to
examine the title to the unit within which the proposed oil and
natural gas well is to be drilled. Frequently, as a result of such
examination, curative work must be done to correct deficiencies in
the marketability of the title. The work entails expense and might
include obtaining an affidavit of heirship or causing an estate to
be administered. The examination made by the title lawyers may
reveal that the oil and natural gas lease or leases are worthless,
having been purchased in error from a person who is not the owner
of the mineral interest desired. In such instances, the amount paid
for such oil and natural gas lease or leases may be
lost.
Our significant inventory of undeveloped acreage and large
percentage of undeveloped proved reserves may create additional
economic risk.
Our
success is largely dependent upon our ability to develop our
significant inventory of future drilling locations, undeveloped
acreage and undeveloped reserves. To the extent our drilling
results are not as successful as we anticipate, natural gas and oil
prices decline, or sufficient funds are not available to drill
these locations and reserves, we may not capture the expected or
projected value of these properties. In addition, delays in the
development of our reserves or increases in costs to drill and
develop such reserves will reduce the value of our estimated proved
undeveloped reserves and future net revenues estimated for such
reserves and may result in some projects becoming
uneconomic.
We may be subject to risks in connection with acquisitions, and the
integration of significant acquisitions may be
difficult.
We
periodically evaluate potential acquisitions of reserves,
properties, prospects and leaseholds and other strategic
transactions that appear to fit within our overall business
strategy. The successful acquisition of producing properties
requires an assessment of several factors, including:
●
recoverable reserves;
●
future oil and natural gas prices and their appropriate
differentials;
●
development and operating costs
●
potential environmental and other liabilities; and
●
our ability to obtain external financing to fund the purchase
price.
The
accuracy of these assessments is inherently uncertain. In
connection with these assessments, we perform a review of the
subject properties that we believe to be generally consistent with
industry practices. Our review will not reveal all existing or
potential problems nor will it permit us to become sufficiently
familiar with the properties to fully assess their deficiencies and
potential recoverable reserves. Inspections may not always be
performed on every well, and environmental problems are not
necessarily observable even when an inspection is undertaken. Even
when problems are identified, the seller may be unwilling or unable
to provide effective contractual protection against all or part of
the problems. We often are not entitled to contractual
indemnification for environmental liabilities and acquire
properties on an “as is” basis, and, as is the case
with certain liabilities associated with the properties acquired in
our recent acquisitions, we are entitled to only limited
indemnification for environmental liabilities.
Significant
acquisitions and other strategic transactions may involve other
risks, including:
●
diversion of our management’s attention to evaluating,
negotiating and integrating significant acquisitions and strategic
transactions;
●
challenge and cost of integrating acquired operations, information
management and other technology systems and business cultures with
those of ours while carrying on our ongoing business;
●
challenge of attracting and retaining personnel associated with
acquired operations; and
13
●
failure to realize the full benefit that we expect in estimated
proved reserves, production volume, cost savings from operating
synergies or other benefits anticipated from an acquisition, or to
realize these benefits within the expected time frame.
The
process of integrating operations, including those acquired in our
recent acquisitions, could cause an interruption of, or loss of
momentum in, the activities of our business. Members of our senior
management may be required to devote considerable amounts of time
to this integration process, which will decrease the time they will
have to manage our business. If our senior management is not able
to effectively manage the integration process, or if any
significant business activities are interrupted as a result of the
integration process, our business could suffer.
We may have difficulty managing our growth and the related demands
on our resources.
We are
experiencing significant growth through the expansion of our
drilling program, through recent acquisitions and our further
businesses.
Our
growth will place a significant strain on our financial, technical,
operational and administrative resources. We may experience
difficulties in finding and retaining additional qualified
personnel. In an effort to meet the demands of our planned
activities, we may be required to supplement our staff with
contract and consulting personnel until we are able to hire new
employees. In addition, our management may not be able to
successfully or efficiently manage our growth. As a result, we may
be unable to fully execute our growth plans, including acquiring or
integrating new businesses, all of which could have a material
adverse effect on our growth and results of
operations.
We are subject to financing and interest rate exposure
risks.
Our
future success depends on our ability to access capital markets and
obtain financing on reasonable terms. Our ability to access
financial markets and obtain financing on commercially reasonable
terms in the future is dependent on a number of factors, many of
which we cannot control, including changes in:
●
our credit rating;
●
interest rates;
●
the structured and commercial financial markets;
●
market perceptions of us and the oil and natural gas exploration
and production industry; and
●
tax burdens due to new tax laws.
Any
amounts due under our credit facility will bear interest at a
variable rate. Any increases in our interest rates, or our
inability to access the debt or equity markets on reasonable terms,
could have an adverse impact on our financial condition, results of
operations and growth prospects.
Oil and gas prices and markets are subject to
volatility.
Oil and
natural gas prices are volatile. A substantial or extended decline
in oil prices, an expansion in the differential between market
prices and the price we receive and, to a lesser extent, a decrease
in natural gas prices, could adversely affect our financial
position, financial results, cash flows, access to capital and
ability to grow.
Historically,
the markets for natural gas and oil have been volatile and they are
likely to continue to be volatile. As with most other companies
involved in resource exploration and development, we may be
adversely affected by future increases in the costs of conducting
exploration, development and resource extraction that may not be
fully offset by increases in the price received on sales of oil or
natural gas. Our focus on exploration activities therefore exposes
us to greater risks than are generally encountered in later-stage
oil and natural gas property development companies.
The
economic success of any drilling project will depend on numerous
factors, including:
●
our ability to drill, complete and operate wells;
●
our ability to estimate the volumes of recoverable reserves
relating to individual projects;
●
rates of future production;
●
future commodity prices received; and
14
●
investment and operating costs and possible environmental
liabilities.
Wide
fluctuations in natural gas and oil prices may result from
relatively minor changes in the supply of and demand for natural
gas and oil, market uncertainty and other factors that are beyond
our control. Historically, the markets for oil and natural gas have
been volatile. These markets will likely continue to be volatile in
the future. The prices a producer may expect and its level of
production depend on numerous factors beyond its control, such
as:
●
worldwide and domestic supplies of natural gas and
oil;
●
weather conditions;
●
the level of consumer demand;
●
the price and availability of alternative fuels;
●
technological advances affecting energy consumption;
●
the proximity and capacity of natural gas pipelines and other
transportation facilities;
●
the price and level of foreign imports;
●
domestic and foreign governmental regulations and
taxes;
●
the nature and extent of regulation relating to carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gas emissions;
●
the actions of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries;
●
political instability or armed conflict in oil-producing regions;
and
●
overall domestic and global economic conditions.
Volatile
oil and natural gas prices make it difficult to estimate the value
of producing properties in an acquisition and often cause
disruption in the market for oil and natural gas producing
properties, as buyers and sellers have difficulty agreeing on such
value. Price volatility also makes it difficult to budget for and
project the return on acquisitions and development and exploitation
projects. Lower oil and natural gas prices may not only decrease
revenues on a per unit basis, but also may reduce the amount of oil
and natural gas that can be economically produced. Lower prices
will also negatively affect the value of proved
reserves.
Our
revenues, operating results, profitability and future rate of
growth depend primarily upon the prices we receive for oil and, to
a lesser extent, natural gas that we sell. Prices also affect the
amount of cash flow available for capital expenditures and our
ability to borrow money or raise additional capital. A reduction in
oil and gas prices may result in a decrease in the borrowing base
or maximum credit available to us under our credit facility. In
addition, we may need to record asset carrying value write-downs if
prices fall. Any substantial or extended decline in the prices of
or demand for oil would have a material adverse effect on our
financial condition and results of operations and could adversely
affect our financial position, financial results, cash flows,
access to capital and ability to grow.
Conducting operations in the oil and natural gas industry subjects
us to complex laws and regulations that can have a material adverse
effect on the cost, manner and feasibility of doing
business.
Companies
that explore for and develop, produce and sell oil and natural gas
in the United States are subject to extensive federal, state, local
and tribal laws and regulations, including complex tax and
environmental laws and the corresponding regulations, and are
required to obtain various permits and approvals from federal,
state, local and tribal agencies and authorities. Our ability to
obtain, sustain and renew these permits on acceptable terms and
without unfavourable restrictions or conditions is subject to a
change in regulations and policies and to the discretion of the
applicable governmental agencies or authorities, among other
factors. Our inability to obtain, or our loss of or denial of
extensions of, any of these permits could limit our ability to
conduct our operations as planned. In addition, we may be required
to make large expenditures to comply with governmental regulations.
Matters subject to regulation include:
●
water discharge and disposal permits for drilling
operations;
●
drilling permits and bonds;
●
method of drilling and casing wells;
●
well stimulation processes;
●
plugging and abandoning wells and reclamation and restoration of
properties;
●
reports concerning operations;
●
air quality, noise levels and related permits;
15
●
location and spacing of wells;
●
rights-of-way and easements;
●
unitization and pooling of properties;
●
gathering, storage, transportation and marketing of oil and natural
gas;
●
habitat and endangered species protection;
●
reclamation and remediation, and environmental
protection;
●
safety precautions;
●
taxation; and
●
waste transport and disposal permits and requirements.
Failure
to comply with these laws may result in the suspension or
termination of operations and subject us to liabilities and
administrative, civil and criminal penalties. Compliance costs can
be significant. Moreover, these laws could change in ways that
substantially increase the costs of doing business. Any such
liabilities, penalties, suspensions, terminations or regulatory
changes could materially and adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Developments in the global financial system may have impacts on our
liquidity and financial condition that we currently cannot
predict.
Global
financial markets may have a material adverse impact on our
business and our financial condition, and we may face challenges if
conditions in the financial markets are inadequate to finance our
activities at a reasonable cost of capital. There continues to be
concerns over the worldwide economic outlook, geopolitical issues,
the availability and costs of credit and the sovereign debt crisis
have contributed to increased volatility in the global financial
markets and commodity prices and diminished expectations for the
global economy. We are unable to predict the duration or severity
of the current economic situation or its impact on our business. As
a result, our ability to access the capital markets or borrow money
may be restricted or made more expensive at a time when we would
like, or need, to raise capital, which could have an adverse impact
on our flexibility to react to changing economic and business
conditions and on our ability to fund our operations and capital
expenditures in the future. The economic situation could have an
impact on our lenders or customers, causing them to fail to meet
their obligations to us, and on the liquidity of our operating
partners, resulting in delays in operations or their failure to
make required payments. Also, market conditions could have an
impact on our natural gas and oil derivatives transactions if our
counterparties are unable to perform their obligations or seek
bankruptcy protection. Additionally, developments in the global
financial system could lead to further reductions in the demand for
natural gas and oil, or further reductions in the prices of natural
gas and oil, or both, which could have a negative impact on our
financial position, results of operations and cash flows. While the
ultimate outcome and impact of the current financial situation
cannot be predicted, it may have a material adverse effect on our
future liquidity, results of operations and financial
condition.
Our operations are subject to environmental, health and safety, and
historic preservation laws and regulations that may expose us to
significant costs and liabilities.
Our oil
and natural gas exploration and production operations are subject
to stringent and complex federal, state, local and tribal laws and
regulations governing health and safety aspects of our operations,
the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise
relating to environmental protection, and historic preservation.
These laws and regulations include, but are not limited to, the
Clean Water Act, as amended by the Oil Pollution Act, the Clean Air
Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, the Safe
Drinking Water Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Migratory Bird
Treaty Act, the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, the National
Environmental Policy Act, the Occupational Safety and Health Act,
the National Historic Preservation Act, the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act, Archaeological Resources
Protection Act, and the Paleontological Resources Preservation Act,
and their state counterparts and similar statutes, which provide
for civil, criminal and administrative penalties and other
sanctions for violation of their requirements.
16
These
laws and regulations may impose numerous obligations on us and our
operations including by requiring us to obtain permits before
conducting drilling or underground injection activities;
restricting the types, quantities and concentration of materials
that we can release into the environment; limiting or prohibiting
drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness,
wetlands and other protected areas, on lands containing protected
species, or on lands containing historic, cultural, archeological
or paleontological sites; subjecting us to specific health and
safety requirements addressing worker protection; imposing
substantial liabilities on us for pollution resulting from our
operations; and requiring us to organize and report information
about the hazardous materials we use in our operations to
employees, state and local government authorities and local
citizens. Numerous governmental authorities, such as the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, or the EPA, and analogous state
agencies, have the power to enforce compliance with these laws and
regulations and the permits issued under them, and their
interpretation and enforcement of these laws, regulations and
permits have tended to become more stringent over time. Failure to
comply with these laws, regulations and permits may result in the
assessment of administrative, civil or criminal penalties; the
imposition of investigatory, remedial or monitoring obligations;
and the issuance of injunctions limiting or prohibiting some or all
of our operations.
There
is inherent risk of incurring significant environmental costs and
liabilities in the performance of our operations because of our
handling of petroleum hydrocarbons and wastes; air emissions and
wastewater discharges related to our operations; our ownership,
lease or operation of real property, including acquired properties;
and historical industry operations and waste disposal
practices.
Under
certain environmental laws and regulations, we could be subject to
strict, joint and several liability for the removal or remediation
of contamination at properties we currently own, lease or operate
or have owned, leased or operated in the past. These laws often
impose liability even if the owner, lessee or operator was not
responsible for the contamination, or the contamination resulted
from actions taken in compliance with all applicable laws in effect
at the time. Private parties, including the owners of properties
upon which our wells are drilled and facilities where our petroleum
hydrocarbons or wastes are taken for reclamation or disposal, may
bring claims against us for property damage or personal injury,
including as a result of exposure to hazardous materials, or to
enforce compliance with, or seek damages under, applicable
environmental laws and regulations. In addition, the risk of
accidental spills or releases could expose us to significant
liabilities that could have a material adverse effect on our
financial condition or results of operations.
Changes
in environmental laws and regulations occur frequently, and such
changes could require us to make significant expenditures to attain
and maintain compliance and may otherwise have a material adverse
effect on our own results of operations, competitive position or
financial condition. We may not be able to recover some or any of
these costs from insurance.
Changes in tax laws may impair our results of
operations.
The
administration’s proposed budget includes numerous proposed
tax changes. Among the changes contained in the budget proposal is
the elimination of certain key U.S. federal income tax preferences
currently available to oil and gas exploration and production
companies. These changes include, but are not limited
to
(i) the
repeal of the percentage depletion allowance for oil and gas
properties,
(ii)
the elimination of current deductions for intangible drilling and
development costs,
(iii)
the elimination of the deduction for certain U.S. production
activities,
(iv)
the repeal of the exception to the passive loss exception
limitation to the limitation for
working
interests in oil and gas properties, and
(v) an
extension increase of the amortization period for certain
geological and geophysical
expenditures,
and
(vi)
the establishment of certain new fees.
The
Close Big Oil Tax Loopholes Act, which was introduced in the U.S.
Senate in May 2011, includes many of the same proposals but is
limited to taxpayers with annual gross revenues in excess of $100.0
million. It is not possible at this time to predict how legislation
or new regulations that may be adopted to address these proposals
would impact our business, but any such future laws and regulations
could adversely affect the amount of our taxable income or
loss.
17
Possible regulation related to global warming and climate change
could have an adverse effect on our operations and demand for oil
and gas.
Studies
over recent years have indicated that emissions of certain gases
may be contributing to warming of the Earth’s atmosphere. In
response to these studies, governments have begun adopting domestic
and international climate change regulations that require reporting
and reductions of the emission of greenhouse gases. Methane, a
primary component of natural gas, and carbon dioxide, a by-product
of the burning of oil, natural gas and refined petroleum products,
are considered greenhouse gases. In the United States, at the state
level, many states, either individually or through multi-state
regional initiatives, have begun implementing legal measures to
reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, primarily through the planned
development of emission inventories or regional greenhouse gas cap
and trade programs or have begun considering adopting greenhouse
gas regulatory programs. At the federal level, Congress has
considered legislation that could establish a cap and trade system
for restricting greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. The
ultimate outcome of this federal legislative initiative remains
uncertain.
In
addition to pending climate legislation, the EPA has issued
greenhouse gas monitoring and reporting regulations. Beyond
measuring and reporting, the EPA issued an “Endangerment
Finding” under section 202(a) of the Clean Air Act,
concluding greenhouse gas pollution threatens the public health and
welfare of current and future generations. The finding served as a
first step to issuing regulations that require permits for and
reductions in greenhouse gas emissions for certain facilities.
Moreover, the EPA has begun regulating greenhouse gas emission from
certain facilities pursuant to the Prevention of Significant
Deterioration and Title V provisions of the Clean Air Act. In the
courts, several decisions have been issued that may increase the
risk of claims being filed by government entities and private
parties against companies that have significant greenhouse gas
emissions. Such cases may seek to challenge air emissions permits
that greenhouse gas emitters apply for and seek to force emitters
to reduce their emissions or seek damages for alleged climate
change impacts to the environment, people, and property. Any
existing or future laws or regulations that restrict or reduce
emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to incur increased
operating and compliance costs. In addition, such laws and
regulations may adversely affect demand for the fossil fuels we
produce, including by increasing the cost of combusting fossil
fuels and by creating incentives for the use of alternative fuels
and energy.
The oil and natural gas industry is subject to significant
competition, which may adversely affect our ability to
compete.
Our
operations and properties are subject to extensive and changing
federal, state, tribal and local laws and regulations relating to
protection of the environment, wildlife protection, historic
preservation and health and safety. The recent trend in
environmental legislation and regulation is generally toward
stricter standards, and we expect that this trend will
continue.
Among
other things, these laws and regulations:
●
require the
acquisition of permits or other authorizations before construction,
drilling and certain other
activities;
●
require
environmental reviews and assessments of proposed actions prior to
the issuance of permits or the
granting of governmental approvals;
●
limit or prohibit
construction, drilling and other activities on specified lands
within wilderness and
other protected areas; and
●
impose substantial
liabilities for pollution resulting from our
operations.
The
various environmental permits required for our operations may be
subject to revocation, modification and renewal by issuing
authorities. Governmental authorities have the power to enforce
their regulations, and violations are subject to fines or
injunctions, or both. We believe that we are in substantial
compliance with current applicable environmental laws and
regulations, and have no material commitments for capital
expenditures to comply with existing environmental requirements.
Nevertheless, changes in existing environmental laws and
regulations or interpretations thereof could have a significant
impact on us, as well as the oil and natural gas industry in
general. The following is a summary of the more significant
existing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations to
which our business operations are subject and for which compliance
may have a material adverse impact on our capital expenditures,
results of operations or financial position.
18
The
Comprehensive Environmental, Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act, or CERCLA, and comparable state statutes impose strict, joint
and several liability on owners and operators of sites and on
persons who disposed of or arranged for the disposal of
“hazardous substances” found at such sites. It is not
uncommon for the government to file claims requiring cleanup
actions, demands for reimbursement for government-incurred cleanup
costs, or natural resource damages, or for neighboring landowners
and other third parties to file claims for personal injury and
property damage allegedly caused by hazardous substances released
into the environment.
The
Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, or RCRA, and
comparable state statutes govern the disposal of “solid
waste” and “hazardous waste” and authorize the
imposition of substantial fines and penalties for non-compliance,
as well as requirements for corrective act ions. Although CERCLA
currently excludes petroleum from its definition of
“hazardous substance,” state laws affecting our
operations may impose clean-up liability relating to petroleum and
petroleum-related products. In addition, although RCRA classifies
certain oil field wastes as “non-hazardous,” such
exploration and production wastes could be reclassified as
hazardous wastes thereby making such wastes subject to more
stringent handling and disposal requirements. CERCLA, RCRA and
comparable state statutes can impose liability for clean-up of
sites and disposal of substances found on drilling and production
sites long after operations on such sites have been
completed.
Other
statutes relating to the storage and handling of pollutants include
the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, which requires certain
owners and operators of facilities that store or otherwise handle
oil to prepare and implement spill response plans relating to the
potential discharge of oil into surface waters. The OPA, contains
numerous requirements relating to prevention of, reporting of, and
response to oil spills into waters of the United States. State laws
mandate oil cleanup programs with respect to contaminated soil. A
failure to comply with OPA’s requirements or inadequate
cooperation during a spill response action may subject a
responsible party to civil or criminal enforcement
actions.
The
Endangered Species Act, or ESA, seeks to ensure that activities do
not jeopardize endangered or threatened animal, fish and plant
species, or destroy or modify the critical habitat of such species.
Under the ESA, exploration and production operations, as well as
actions by federal agencies, may not significantly impair or
jeopardize the species or its habitat. The ESA has been used to
prevent or delay drilling activities and provides for criminal
penalties for willful violations of its provisions.
Other
statutes that provide protection to animal and plant species and
that may apply to our operations include, without limitation, the
Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, the Fishery Conservation and
Management Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and the Bald and
Golden Eagle Protection Act. Although we believe that our
operations are in substantial compliance with these statutes, any
change in these statutes or any reclassification of a species as
threatened or endangered or re-determination of the extent of
“critical habit” could subject us to significant
expenses to modify our operations or could force us to discontinue
some operations altogether.
The
National Environmental Policy Act, or NEPA, requires a thorough
review of the environmental impacts of “major federal
actions” and a determination of whether proposed actions on
federal and certain Indian lands would result in “significant
impact” on the environment. For purposes of NEPA,
“major federal action” can be something as basic as
issuance of a required permit. For oil and gas operations on
federal and certain Indian lands or requiring federal permits, NEPA
review can increase the time for obtaining approval and impose
additional regulatory burdens on the natural gas and oil industry,
thereby increasing our costs of doing business and our
profitability.
The
Clean Water Act, or CWA, and comparable state statutes, impose
restrictions and controls on the discharge of pollutants, including
spills and leaks of oil and other substances, into waters of the
United States. The discharge of pollutants into regulated waters is
prohibited, except in accordance with the terms of a permit issued
by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or an analogous state
agency. The CWA regulates storm water run-off from oil and natural
gas facilities and requires a storm water discharge permit for
certain activities. Such a permit requires the regulated facility
to monitor and sample storm water run-off from its
operations.
The CWA
and regulations implemented thereunder also prohibit discharges of
dredged and fill material in wetlands and other waters of the
United States unless authorized by an appropriately issued permit.
The CWA and comparable state statutes provide for civil, criminal
and administrative penalties for unauthorized discharges for oil
and other pollutants and impose liability on parties responsible
for those discharges for the costs of cleaning up any environmental
damage caused by the release and for natural resource damages
resulting from the release.
19
The
Safe Drinking Water Act, or SDWA, and the Underground Injection
Control (UIC) program promulgated thereunder, regulate the drilling
and operation of subsurface injection wells. EPA directly
administers the UIC program in some states and in others the
responsibility for the program has been delegated to the state. The
program requires that a permit be obtained before drilling a
disposal well. Violation of these regulations and/or contamination
of groundwater by oil and natural gas drilling, production, and
related operations may result in fines, penalties, and remediation
costs, among other sanctions and liabilities under the SWDA and
state laws. In addition, third party claims may be filed by
landowners and other parties claiming damages for alternative water
supplies, property damages, and bodily injury.
Our
operations employ hydraulic fracturing techniques to stimulate
natural gas production from unconventional geological formations,
which entails the injection of pressurized fracturing fluids into a
well bore. The federal Energy Policy Act of 2005 amended the SDWA
to exclude hydraulic fracturing from the definition of
“underground injection” under certain circumstances.
However, the repeal of this exclusion has been advocated by certain
advocacy organizations and others in the public. Legislation to
amend the SDWA to repeal this exemption and require federal
permitting and regulatory control of hydraulic fracturing, as well
as legislative proposals to require disclosure of the chemical
constituents of the fluids used in the fracturing process, has been
introduced in the current session of Congress.
The
U.S. Department of the Interior has announced that it will consider
regulations relating to the use of hydraulic fracturing techniques
on public lands and disclosure of fracturing fluid constituents. In
addition, some states and localities have adopted, and others are
considering adopting, regulations or ordinances that could restrict
hydraulic fracturing in certain circumstances, or that would impose
higher taxes, fees or royalties on natural gas production. If new
federal or state laws or regulations that significantly restrict
hydraulic fracturing are adopted, such legal requirements could
result in delays, eliminate certain drilling and injection
activities, make it more difficult or costly for us to perform
fracturing and increase our costs of compliance and doing business.
It is also possible that our drilling and injection operations
could adversely affect the environment, which could result in a
requirement to perform investigations or clean-ups or in the
incurrence of other unexpected material costs or
liabilities.
The
Clean Air Act, as amended, restricts the emission of air pollutants
from many sources, including oil and gas operations. New facilities
may be required to obtain permits before work can begin, and
existing facilities may be required to incur capital costs in order
to remain in compliance. In addition, more stringent regulations
governing emissions of air pollutants, including greenhouse gases
such as methane (a component of natural gas) and carbon dioxide are
being developed by the federal government, and may increase the
costs of compliance for some facilities or the cost of
transportation or processing of produced oil and natural gas which
may affect our operating costs. Legislation targeting air emissions
from hydraulic fracturing activities has been introduced in the
current session of Congress and if passed may increase our costs of
compliance and doing business. In addition, the EPA has promulgated
more stringent regulations governing emissions of toxic air
pollutants from sources in the oil and gas industry, and these
regulations may increase the costs of compliance for some
facilities.
Significant
studies and research have been devoted to climate change and global
warming, and climate change has developed into a major political
issue in the United States and globally. Certain research suggests
that greenhouse gas emissions contribute to climate change and pose
a threat to the environment. Recent scientific research and
political debate has focused in part on carbon dioxide and methane
incidental to oil and natural gas exploration and
production.
Many
state governments have enacted legislation directed at controlling
greenhouse gas emissions, and future state and federal legislation
and regulation could impose additional restrictions or requirements
in connection with our operations and favor use of alternative
energy sources, which could increase operating costs and demand for
oil products. As such, our business could be materially adversely
affected by domestic and international legislation targeted at
controlling climate change.
We are
subject to a number of federal and state laws and regulations,
including the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act, as
amended (OSHA), and comparable state laws, whose purpose is to
protect the health and safety of workers. In addition, the OSHA
hazard communication standard, the EPA community right-to-know
regulations under Title III of the federal Superfund Amendment and
Reauthorization Act and comparable state statutes require that
information be maintained concerning hazardous materials used or
produced in our operations and that this information be provided to
employees, state and local government authorities and
citizens.
20
We are
subject to federal and state laws and regulations relating to
preservation and protection of historical and cultural resources.
Such laws include the National Historic Preservation Act, the
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act,
Archaeological Resources Protection Act, and the Paleontological
Resources Preservation Act, and their state counterparts and
similar statutes, which require certain assessments and mitigation
activities if historical or cultural resources are impacted by our
activities and provide for civil, criminal and administrative
penalties and other sanctions for violation of their
requirements.
We do
not believe that our environmental, health and safety risks are
materially different from those of comparable companies in the
United States in the oil and natural gas industry. Nevertheless,
there can be no assurance that such environmental, health and
safety laws and regulations will not result in a curtailment of
production or material increase in the cost of production,
development or exploration or otherwise adversely affect our
capital expenditures, financial condition and results of
operations.
We have
acquired, and may in the future acquire, interests in properties
that have been operated in the past by others and may be liable for
environmental damage, including historical contamination, caused by
such former operators. Additional liabilities could also arise from
continuing violations or contamination not discovered during our
assessment of the acquired properties. We have not incurred, and do
not currently anticipate incurring, any material capital
expenditures for environmental control facilities.
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock
There is no active trading market for our common stock and if a
market for our common stock does not develop, our investors will be
unable to sell their shares.
There
has been no public market for our securities and there can be no
assurance that an active trading market for the securities offered
herein will develop or be sustained after this Offering. After the
effective date of the registration statement of which this
prospectus is a part, we intend to identify a market maker to file
an application with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
(“FINRA”) to have our common stock quoted on the
Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board. We must satisfy certain criteria
in order for our application to be accepted. We may never be
approved for trading on any exchange. We do not currently have a
market maker willing to participate in this application process,
and even if we identify a market maker, there can be no assurance
as to whether we will meet the requisite criteria or that our
application will be accepted. Our common stock may never be quoted
on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board or a public market for our
common stock may not materialize if it becomes quoted.
If our
securities are not eligible for initial or continued quotation on
the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board or if a public trading market
does not develop, purchasers of the common stock in this Offering
may have difficulty selling or be unable to sell their securities
should they desire to do so, rendering their shares effectively
worthless and resulting in a complete loss of their
investment.
If we do not
file a Registration Statement on Form 8-A to become a mandatory
reporting company under Section 12(g) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, we will continue as a reporting company and will not
be subject to the proxy statement requirements, and our officers,
directors and 10% stockholders will not be required to submit
reports to the SEC on their stock ownership and stock trading
activity, all of which could reduce the value of your investment
and the amount of publicly available information about
us.
As a
result of this Offering as required under Section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, we will file periodic reports with
the Securities and Exchange Commission once this registration
statement is declared effective. Once this registration statement
is declared effective, we intend voluntarily to file a registration
statement on Form 8-A which will subject us to all of the reporting
requirements of the 1934 Act. This will require us to file
quarterly and annual reports with the SEC and will also subject us
to the proxy rules of the SEC. In addition, our officers, directors
and 10% stockholders will be required to submit reports to the SEC
on their stock ownership and stock trading activity. We are not
required under Section 12(g) or otherwise to become a mandatory
1934 Act filer unless we have more than 500 shareholders and total
assets of more than $10 million on August 31, 2018. If we do not
file a registration statement on Form 8-A, we will continue as a
reporting company and will not be subject to the proxy statement
requirements of the 1934 Act, and our officers, directors and 10%
stockholders will not be required to submit reports to the SEC on
their stock ownership and stock trading activity.
21
Because we will be subject to “penny stock” rules once
our shares are quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, the
level of trading activity in our stock may be reduced.
Broker-dealer
practices in connection with transactions in “penny
stocks” are regulated by penny stock rules adopted by the
Securities and Exchange Commission. Penny stocks generally are
equity securities with a price of less than $5.00 (other than
securities registered on some national securities exchanges). The
penny stock rules require a broker-dealer to deliver to its
customers a standardized risk disclosure document that provides
information about penny stocks and the nature and level of risks in
the penny stock market prior to carrying out a transaction in a
penny stock not otherwise exempt from the rules,. The broker-dealer
also must provide the customer with current bid and offer
quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the
broker-dealer and its salesperson in the transaction, and, if the
broker-dealer is the sole market maker, the broker-dealer must
disclose this fact and the broker-dealer’s presumed control
over the market, and monthly account statements showing the market
value of each penny stock held in the customer’s account. In
addition, broker-dealers who sell these securities to persons other
than established customers and “accredited investors”
must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a
suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the
purchaser’s written agreement to the transaction.
Consequently, these requirements may have the effect of reducing
the level of trading activity, if any, in the secondary market for
a security subject to the penny stock rules. If a trading market
does develop for our common stock, these regulations will likely be
applicable, and investors in our common stock may find it difficult
to sell their shares.
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) sales practice
requirements may also limit your ability to buy and sell our stock,
which could depress our share price.
FINRA
rules require that in recommending an investment to a customer, a
broker-dealer must have reasonable grounds for believing that the
investment is suitable for that customer. Prior to recommending
speculative low priced securities to their non-institutional
customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain
information about the customer’s financial status, tax
status, investment objectives and other information. Under
interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high
probability that speculative low priced securities will not be
suitable for at least some customers. FINRA requirements make it
more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers
buy our common stock, which may limit your ability to buy and sell
our stock and have an adverse effect on the market for our shares,
depressing our share price.
State securities laws may limit secondary trading, which may
restrict the states in which you can sell the shares offered by
this prospectus.
If you
purchase shares of our common stock sold pursuant to this Offering,
you may not be able to resell the shares in a certain state unless
and until the shares of our common stock are qualified for
secondary trading under the applicable securities laws of such
state or there is confirmation that an exemption, such as listing
in certain recognized securities manuals, is available for
secondary trading in such state. There can be no assurance that we
will be successful in registering or qualifying our common stock
for secondary trading, or identifying an available exemption for
secondary trading in our common stock in every state. If we fail to
register or qualify, or to obtain or verify an exemption for the
secondary trading of, our common stock in any particular state, the
shares of common stock could not be offered or sold to, or
purchased by, a resident of that state. In the event that a
significant number of states refuse to permit secondary trading in
our common stock, the market for the common stock will be limited
which could drive down the market price of our common stock and
reduce the liquidity of the shares of our common stock and a
stockholder’s ability to resell shares of our common stock at
all or at current market prices, which could increase a
stockholder’s risk of losing some or all of his
investment.
Our Company has a concentration of stock ownership and control,
which may have the effect of delaying, preventing, or deterring a
change of control.
Our
common stock ownership is highly concentrated. Through ownership of
shares of our common stock, three shareholders, Yuen May Cheung,
Wai Hau Cheung, and Joachim Haas, who is also our Chief Executive
Officer and Director, beneficially owns approximately 98% of our
total outstanding shares of common stock before this Offering. As a
result of the concentrated ownership of the stock, Mr. Cheung, who
owns 15,000,000 shares of our common stock, acting alone, will be
able to control all matters requiring stockholder approval,
including the election of directors and approval of mergers and
other significant corporate transactions. This concentration of
ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring
a change in control of our Company. It could also deprive our
stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their
shares as part of a sale of our company and it may affect the
market price of our common stock. Moreover, such concentration of
our common stock in Ms. Cheung could create potential or actual
conflicts of interests detrimental to our stockholders and have a
negative impact on our ability to maintain effective internal
controls.
22
If quoted, the price of our common stock may be volatile, which may
substantially increase the risk that you may not be able to sell
your shares at or above the price that you may pay for the
shares.
Even if
our shares are quoted for trading on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin
Board following this Offering and a public market develops for our
common stock, the market price of our common stock may be volatile.
It may fluctuate significantly in response to the following
factors:
●
variations in quarterly operating results;
● our
announcements of significant contracts and achievement of
milestones;
● our
relationships with other companies or capital
commitments;
●
additions or departures of key personnel;
● sales
of common stock or termination of stock transfer
restrictions;
●
changes in financial estimates by securities analysts, if any;
and
●
fluctuations in stock market price and volume.
Your
inability to sell your shares during a decline in the price of our
stock may increase losses that you may suffer as a result of your
investment.
The stock market has experienced extreme price and volume
fluctuations and if we face a class action suit due to the
volatility of the price of our common stock, regardless of the
outcome, such litigation may have an adverse impact on our
financial condition and business operations.
The
market price of the securities offered herein, if any, may decline
below the initial public offering price. The stock market has
experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. In the past,
securities class action litigation has often been instituted
against various companies following periods of volatility in the
market price of their securities. If instituted against us,
regardless of the outcome, such litigation would result in
substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention
and resources, which would increase our operating expenses and
affect our financial condition and business
operations.
Because we do not intend to pay any dividends on our common stock;
holders of our common stock must rely on stock appreciation for any
return on their investment.
We have
not declared or paid any dividends on our common stock since our
inception, and we do not anticipate paying any such dividends for
the foreseeable future. Accordingly, holders of our common stock
will have to rely on capital appreciation, if any, to earn a return
on their investment in our common stock.
Any future additional issuances of our common stock may result in
immediate dilution to existing shareholders.
We are
authorized to issue up to 75,000,000 shares of common stock, of
which 21,410,000 shares are issued and outstanding as of the date
of this prospectus. Our Board of Directors has the authority,
without the consent of any of our stockholders, to cause us to
issue additional shares of common stock, and to determine the
rights, preferences and privileges attached to such shares. The
sale of our common stock pursuant to this prospectus, and any
future additional issuances of our common stock will result in
immediate dilution to our existing shareholders’ interests,
which may have a dilutive impact on our existing shareholders, and
could negatively affect the value of your shares.
We have not voluntarily implemented various corporate governance
measures, in the absence of which, shareholders may have more
limited protections against interested director transactions,
conflicts of interest and similar matters.
23
Recent
federal legislation, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, has
resulted in the adoption of various corporate governance measures
designed to promote the integrity of the corporate management and
the securities markets. Some of these measures have been adopted in
response to legal requirements; others have been adopted by
companies in response to the requirements of national securities
exchanges, such as the NYSE or the NASDAQ Stock Market, on which
their securities are listed. Among the corporate governance
measures that are required under the rules of national securities
exchanges and NASDAQ, are those that address the board of Directors
independence, audit committee oversight, and the adoption of a code
of ethics. While our Board of Directors has adopted a Code of
Ethics and Business Conduct, we have not yet adopted any of these
corporate governance measures, and since our securities are not
listed on a national securities exchange or NASDAQ, we are not
required to do so. It is possible that if we were to adopt some or
all of these corporate governance measures, shareholders would
benefit from somewhat greater assurances that internal corporate
decisions were being made by disinterested directors and that
policies had been implemented to define responsible conduct. For
example, in the absence of audit, nominating and compensation
committees comprised of at least a majority of independent
directors, decisions concerning matters such as compensation
packages to our senior officers and recommendations for director
nominees, may be made by a majority of directors who have an
interest in the outcome of the matters being decided. Prospective
investors should bear in mind our current lack of corporate
governance measures in formulating their investment
decisions.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements and information
relating to our business that are based on our beliefs, on
assumptions made by us, or upon information currently available to
us. These statements reflect our current views and assumptions with
respect to future events and are subject to risks and
uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are often identified by
words like: “believe,” “expect,”
“estimate,” “anticipate,”
“intend,” “project” and similar expressions
or words which, by their nature, refer to future events. In some
cases, you can also identify forward-looking statements by
terminology such as “may,” “will,”
“should,” “plans,” “predicts,”
“potential” or “continue” or the negative
of these terms or other comparable terminology. These statements
are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks,
uncertainties and other factors, including the risks in the section
entitled Risk Factors beginning on page 9, that may cause our or
our industry’s actual results, levels of activity,
performance or achievements to be materially different from any
future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements
expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In
addition, you are directed to factors discussed in the
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operation section beginning on page 34 and the
section entitled “Description of Our Business”
beginning on page 15, and as well as those discussed elsewhere
in this prospectus. Other factors include, among others: general
economic and business conditions; industry capacity; industry
trends; competition; changes in business strategy or development
plans; project performance; availability, terms, and deployment of
capital; and availability of qualified personnel.
These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this
prospectus. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in
the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee
future results, levels of activity, or achievements. Except as
required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the
United States, we expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking
to disseminate any update or revisions of any of the
forward-looking statements to reflect any change in our
expectations with regard thereto or to conform these statements to
actual results.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The
Company will receive no proceeds from this offering by the selling
shareholders.
DILUTION
As this
is a selling shareholders offering there is no dilution in the
price of the stock as a result of this registration.
DETERMINATION OF THE OFFERING PRICE
There
is no established public market for our shares of common stock. The
offering price of $0.20 per share was determined by us arbitrarily.
We believe that this price reflects the appropriate price that a
potential investor would be willing to invest in our Company at
this initial stage of our development. This price bears no
relationship whatsoever to our business plan, the price paid for
our shares by our founders, our assets, earnings, book value or any
other criteria of value. The offering price should not be regarded
as an indicator of the future market price of the securities, which
is likely to fluctuate.
24
See
“Plan of Distribution” for additional
information.
DIVIDEND POLICY
We have
not paid any dividends since our incorporation and do not
anticipate the payment of dividends in the foreseeable future. At
present, our policy is to retain any earnings to develop and market
our services. The payment of dividends in the future will depend
upon, among other factors, our earnings, capital requirements, and
operating financial conditions.
MARKET FOR OUR COMMON STOCK
Market Information
There
is no established public market for our common stock.
After
the effective date of the registration statement of which this
prospectus is a part, we intend to seek a market maker to file an
application with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.,
or FINRA, to have our common stock quoted on the Over-the-Counter
Bulletin Board. We will have to satisfy certain criteria in order
for our application to be accepted. We do not currently have a
market maker who is willing to participate in this application
process, and even if we identify a market maker, there can be no
assurance as to whether we will meet the requisite criteria or that
our application will be accepted. Our common stock may never be
quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, or, even if quoted,
a public market may not materialize. There can be no assurance that
an active trading market for our shares will develop, or, if
developed, that it will be sustained.
We have
issued 21,410,000 shares of our common stock since our inception on
April 7, 2017. There are no outstanding options, warrants, or other
securities that are convertible into shares of common
stock.
Holders
There
were 44 holders of record of our common stock as of December 15,
2018.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation
Plans
We do
not have any compensation plan under which equity securities are
authorized for issuance.
DESCRIPTION OF OUR BUSINESS
Overview
Company Summary
Northwest
Oil & Gas Trading Company, Inc. (“NWOG”, the
“Company” “we” or “us”) is a
development stage company. We were incorporated under the laws of
the state of Nevada on April 7, 2017. We are in the business of oil and gas exploration. On
December 21, 2017, we formalized an agreement whereby we were
assigned partial interest in two (2) operating oil and gas leases
in Warren County, Kentucky. Two additional leases were assigned to
us on April 24, 2018. Our fiscal year end is May 31. The
leases cover a total of nine (9) wells.
We are
a development stage company that has generated no revenues and has
had limited operations to date. At
August 31, 2018, the Company has not yet recorded any revenues, has
a working capital deficit of $309,752, and has an accumulated
deficit of $50,817. As of
August 31, 2018, we had $3,185 in current assets and current
liabilities of $312,937. Through August 31, 2018, we have issued an
aggregate of 21,410,000 shares of our common stock since our
inception. We issued 21,000,000 shares of our common stock to three
(3) founding shareholders for services in connection with the
formation and organization of the Company. We issued a total of
410,000 shares of our common stock to forty-one (41) separate
foreign shareholders on March 31, 2017, pursuant to a private
placement of our common stock exempt from registration under
Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933, for total proceeds of
approximately $4,100. Except for acquisition of the four (4) leases
described above, since our inception we have not made any
significant purchase or sale of assets, nor have we been involved
in any mergers, acquisitions or consolidations.
25
Business
Overview
NWOG
currently holds ownership in the following nine (9)
wells:
●
Hardcastle 1
Well
7%
Overriding Royalty Interest
25%
Working Interest
10% Net
Revenue Interest
●
Whittaker 1 and 2
wells
5%
Overriding Royalty Interest
100%
Working Interest
60% Net
Revenue Interest
●
Daviess Wells 1 and
2
71%
Working Interest
51% Net
Revenue Interest
●
Ennis 4
wells
71%
Working Interest
51% Net
Revenue Interest
This
wells are operated by Magna Bures Oil, LLC.
Our
plan is to develop the above mentioned oil wells within the next
twelve (12) months and to increase the oil production by
enhancement procedures. Further to start a drilling program to
drill ten (10) new wells within the coming twenty-four
months.
The
following chart provides an overview of our budgeted expenditures
by significant area of activity over the next twelve (12) months as
well over the next twenty-four (24) months, assuming we are able to
attract sufficient debt or equity financing. There can be no
assurance that we will be able to attract financing and we may be
required to scale back operations accordingly.
26
|
Month 1-3
|
Month 4-6
|
Month 7-9
|
Month 10-12
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenditures
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payroll
|
$0
|
$3,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$15,000
|
Travel
|
$2,500
|
$5,000
|
$2,500
|
$2,500
|
$12,500
|
Accounting
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Legal
|
$8,000
|
$4,000
|
$2,000
|
$2,000
|
$16,000
|
Auditing
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Oil Field
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operator
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$6,000
|
Maintenance
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Work over
|
$10,000
|
$10,000
|
$0
|
$0
|
$20,000
|
New drilling
|
$0
|
$0
|
$200,000
|
$200,000
|
$400,000
|
Marketing
|
|
|
|
|
|
Promotion
|
$9,000
|
$6,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$21,000
|
Investor Relations
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$24,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum
|
$46,000
|
$44,500
|
$230,000
|
$230,000
|
$550,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sale of oil
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hardcastle
|
$0
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$4,500
|
Whittaker
|
$1,800
|
$5,400
|
$10,000
|
$12,500
|
$29,700
|
Daviess
|
$1,500
|
$4,500
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$24,000
|
Ennies
|
$4,500
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$54,900
|
New well 1
|
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$30,000
|
New well 2
|
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$30,000
|
New well 3
|
|
|
|
$12,000
|
$12,000
|
New well 4
|
|
|
|
$12,000
|
$12,000
|
New well 5
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 6
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 7
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 8
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 9
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum
|
$7,800
|
$28,200
|
$61,300
|
$99,800
|
$143,100
|
27
|
Month 13-15
|
Month 16-18
|
Month 19-21
|
Month 22-24
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenditures
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payroll
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$30,000
|
Travel
|
$2,500
|
$2,500
|
$2,500
|
$2,500
|
$10,000
|
Accounting
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Legal
|
$2,000
|
$2,000
|
$2,000
|
$2,000
|
$8,000
|
Auditing
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Oil Field
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operator
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$6,000
|
Maintenance
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Work over
|
$10,000
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$10,000
|
New drilling
|
$225,000
|
$225,000
|
$0
|
$0
|
$450,000
|
Marketing
|
|
|
|
|
|
Promotion
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Investor Relations
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$24,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum
|
$265,000
|
$255,000
|
$33,000
|
$33,000
|
$586,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sale of oil
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hardcastle
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$6,000
|
Whittaker
|
$12,500
|
$12,500
|
$12,500
|
$12,500
|
$50,000
|
Daviess
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$36,000
|
Ennies
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$67,200
|
New well 1
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$72,000
|
New well 2
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$72,000
|
New well 3
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$72,000
|
New well 4
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$72,000
|
New well 5
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$66,000
|
New well 6
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$66,000
|
New well 7
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18.000
|
$18,000
|
$66,000
|
New well 8
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$48,000
|
New well 9
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$48,000
|
New well 10
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$48,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum
|
$147,800
|
$201,800
|
$219,800
|
$219,800
|
$789,200
|
28
Property and Facilities
We do
not own or lease any real property or facilities. Our Chief
Executive Officer provides office space for the Company in Malsch,
Germany at no cost to the Company.
Dependence on One or a Few Major Customers
We do
not anticipate dependence on one or a few major customers for at
least the next twelve (12) months or the foreseeable
future.
Environmental Regulations
Our
operations and properties are subject to extensive and changing
federal, state, tribal and local laws and regulations relating to
protection of the environment, wildlife protection, historic
preservation and health and safety. The recent trend in
environmental legislation and regulation is generally toward
stricter standards, and we expect that this trend will continue.
Among other things, these laws and regulations:
●
require the
acquisition of permits or other authorizations before construction,
drilling and certain other
activities;
●
require
environmental reviews and assessments of proposed actions prior to
the issuance of permits or the
granting of governmental approvals;
●
limit or prohibit
construction, drilling and other activities on specified lands
within wilderness and
other protected areas; and
●
impose substantial
liabilities for pollution resulting from our
operations.
The
various environmental permits required for our operations may be
subject to revocation, modification and renewal by issuing
authorities. Governmental authorities have the power to enforce
their regulations, and violations are subject to fines or
injunctions, or both. We believe that we are in substantial
compliance with current applicable environmental laws and
regulations, and have no material commitments for capital
expenditures to comply with existing environmental requirements.
Nevertheless, changes in existing environmental laws and
regulations or interpretations thereof could have a significant
impact on us, as well as the oil and natural gas industry in
general. The following is a summary of the more significant
existing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations to
which our business operations are subject and for which compliance
may have a material adverse impact on our capital expenditures,
results of operations or financial position.
The
Comprehensive Environmental, Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act, or CERCLA, and comparable state statutes impose strict, joint
and several liability on owners and operators of sites and on
persons who disposed of or arranged for the disposal of
“hazardous substances” found at such sites. It is not
uncommon for the government to file claims requiring cleanup
actions, demands for reimbursement for government-incurred cleanup
costs, or natural resource damages, or for neighboring landowners
and other third parties to file claims for personal injury and
property damage allegedly caused by hazardous substances released
into the environment.
The
Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, or RCRA, and
comparable state statutes govern the disposal of “solid
waste” and “hazardous waste” and authorize the
imposition of substantial fines and penalties for non-compliance,
as well as requirements for corrective act ions. Although CERCLA
currently excludes petroleum from its definition of
“hazardous substance,” state laws affecting our
operations may impose clean-up liability relating to petroleum and
petroleum-related products. In addition, although RCRA classifies
certain oil field wastes as “non-hazardous,” such
exploration and production wastes could be reclassified as
hazardous wastes thereby making such wastes subject to more
stringent handling and disposal requirements. CERCLA, RCRA and
comparable state statutes can impose liability for clean-up of
sites and disposal of substances found on drilling and production
sites long after operations on such sites have been
completed.
Other
statutes relating to the storage and handling of pollutants include
the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, which requires certain
owners and operators of facilities that store or otherwise handle
oil to prepare and implement spill response plans relating to the
potential discharge of oil into surface waters. The OPA, contains
numerous requirements relating to prevention of, reporting of, and
response to oil spills into waters of the United States. State laws
mandate oil cleanup programs with respect to contaminated soil. A
failure to comply with OPA’s requirements or
inadequate cooperation during
a spill response action may subject a responsible party to civil or
criminal enforcement actions.
29
The
Endangered Species Act, or ESA, seeks to ensure that activities do
not jeopardize endangered or threatened animal, fish and plant
species, or destroy or modify the critical habitat of such species.
Under the ESA, exploration and production operations, as well as
actions by federal agencies, may not significantly impair or
jeopardize the species or its habitat. The ESA has been used to
prevent or delay drilling activities and provides for criminal
penalties for willful violations of its provisions.
Other
statutes that provide protection to animal and plant species and
that may apply to our operations include, without limitation, the
Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, the Fishery Conservation and
Management Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and the Bald and
Golden Eagle Protection Act. Although we believe that our
operations are in substantial compliance with these statutes, any
change in these statutes or any reclassification of a species as
threatened or endangered or re-determination of the extent of
“critical habit” could subject us to significant
expenses to modify our operations or could force us to discontinue
some operations altogether.
The
National Environmental Policy Act, or NEPA, requires a thorough
review of the environmental impacts of “major federal
actions” and a determination of whether proposed actions on
federal and certain Indian lands would result in “significant
impact” on the environment. For purposes of NEPA,
“major federal action” can be something as basic as
issuance of a required permit. For oil and gas operations on
federal and certain Indian lands or requiring federal permits, NEPA
review can increase the time for obtaining approval and impose
additional regulatory burdens on the natural gas and oil industry,
thereby increasing our costs of doing business and our
profitability.
The
Clean Water Act, or CWA, and comparable state statutes, impose
restrictions and controls on the discharge of pollutants, including
spills and leaks of oil and other substances, into waters of the
United States. The discharge of pollutants into regulated waters is
prohibited, except in accordance with the terms of a permit issued
by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or an analogous state
agency. The CWA regulates storm water run-off from oil and natural
gas facilities and requires a storm water discharge permit for
certain activities. Such a permit requires the regulated facility
to monitor and sample storm water run-off from its
operations.
The CWA
and regulations implemented thereunder also prohibit discharges of
dredged and fill material in wetlands and other waters of the
United States unless authorized by an appropriately issued permit.
The CWA and comparable state statutes provide for civil, criminal
and administrative penalties for unauthorized discharges for oil
and other pollutants and impose liability on parties responsible
for those discharges for the costs of cleaning up any environmental
damage caused by the release and for natural resource damages
resulting from the release.
The
Safe Drinking Water Act, or SDWA, and the Underground Injection
Control (UIC) program promulgated thereunder, regulate the drilling
and operation of subsurface injection wells. EPA directly
administers the UIC program in some states and in others the
responsibility for the program has been delegated to the state. The
program requires that a permit be obtained before drilling a
disposal well. Violation of these regulations and/or contamination
of groundwater by oil and natural gas drilling, production, and
related operations may result in fines, penalties, and remediation
costs, among other sanctions and liabilities under the SWDA and
state laws. In addition, third party claims may be filed by
landowners and other parties claiming damages for alternative water
supplies, property damages, and bodily injury.
Our
operations employ hydraulic fracturing techniques to stimulate
natural gas production from unconventional geological formations,
which entails the injection of pressurized fracturing fluids into a
well bore. The federal Energy Policy Act of 2005 amended the SDWA
to exclude hydraulic fracturing from the definition of
“underground injection” under certain circumstances.
However, the repeal of this exclusion has been advocated by certain
advocacy organizations and others in the public. Legislation to
amend the SDWA to repeal this exemption and require federal
permitting and regulatory control of hydraulic fracturing, as well
as legislative proposals to require disclosure of the chemical
constituents of the fluids used in the fracturing process, has been
introduced in the current session of Congress.
The
U.S. Department of the Interior has announced that it will consider
regulations relating to the use of hydraulic fracturing techniques
on public lands and disclosure of fracturing fluid constituents. In
addition, some states and localities have adopted, and others are
considering adopting, regulations or ordinances that could restrict
hydraulic fracturing in certain circumstances, or that would impose
higher taxes, fees or royalties on natural gas production. If new
federal or state laws or regulations that significantly restrict
hydraulic fracturing are adopted, such legal requirements could
result in delays, eliminate certain drilling and injection
activities, make it more difficult or costly for us to perform
fracturing and increase our costs of compliance and doing business.
It is also possible that our drilling and injection operations
could adversely affect the environment, which could result in a
requirement to perform investigations or clean-ups or in the
incurrence of other unexpected material costs or
liabilities.
30
The
Clean Air Act, as amended, restricts the emission of air pollutants
from many sources, including oil and gas operations. New facilities
may be required to obtain permits before work can begin, and
existing facilities may be required to incur capital costs in order
to remain in compliance. In addition, more stringent regulations
governing emissions of air pollutants, including greenhouse gases
such as methane (a component of natural gas) and carbon dioxide are
being developed by the federal government, and may increase the
costs of compliance for some facilities or the cost of
transportation or processing of produced oil and natural gas which
may affect our operating costs. Legislation targeting air emissions
from hydraulic fracturing activities has been introduced in the
current session of Congress and if passed may increase our costs of
compliance and doing business. In addition, the EPA has promulgated
more stringent regulations governing emissions of toxic air
pollutants from sources in the oil and gas industry, and these
regulations may increase the costs of compliance for some
facilities.
Significant
studies and research have been devoted to climate change and global
warming, and climate change has developed into a major political
issue in the United States and globally. Certain research suggests
that greenhouse gas emissions contribute to climate change and pose
a threat to the environment. Recent scientific research and
political debate has focused in part on carbon dioxide and methane
incidental to oil and natural gas exploration and
production.
Many
state governments have enacted legislation directed at controlling
greenhouse gas emissions, and future state and federal legislation
and regulation could impose additional restrictions or requirements
in connection with our operations and favor use of alternative
energy sources, which could increase operating costs and demand for
oil products. As such, our business could be materially adversely
affected by domestic and international legislation targeted at
controlling climate change.
We are
subject to a number of federal and state laws and regulations,
including the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act, as
amended (OSHA), and comparable state laws, whose purpose is to
protect the health and safety of workers. In addition, the OSHA
hazard communication standard, the EPA community right-to-know
regulations under Title III of the federal Superfund Amendment and
Reauthorization Act and comparable state statutes require that
information be maintained concerning hazardous materials used or
produced in our operations and that this information be provided to
employees, state and local government authorities and
citizens.
We are
subject to federal and state laws and regulations relating to
preservation and protection of historical and cultural resources.
Such laws include the National Historic Preservation Act, the
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act,
Archaeological Resources Protection Act, and the Paleontological
Resources Preservation Act, and their state counterparts and
similar statutes, which require certain assessments and mitigation
activities if historical or cultural resources are impacted by our
activities and provide for civil, criminal and administrative
penalties and other sanctions for violation of their
requirements.
We do
not believe that our environmental, health and safety risks are
materially different from those of comparable companies in the
United States in the oil and natural gas industry. Nevertheless,
there can be no assurance that such environmental, health and
safety laws and regulations will not result in a curtailment of
production or material increase in the cost of production,
development or exploration or otherwise adversely affect our
capital expenditures, financial condition and results of
operations.
We have
acquired, and may in the future acquire, interests in properties
that have been operated in the past by others and may be liable for
environmental damage, including historical contamination, caused by
such former operators. Additional liabilities could also arise from
continuing violations or contamination not discovered during our
assessment of the acquired properties. We have not incurred, and do
not currently anticipate incurring, any material capital
expenditures for environmental control facilities.
Patents, Trademarks and Licenses
We
currently do not have any patents or trademarks; and we are not
party to any license, franchise, concession, or royalty agreements
or any labor contracts.
31
Legal Proceedings
As of
the date of this prospectus, we know of no material pending legal
proceedings to which we are a party or of which any of our property
is the subject. There are no proceedings in which any of our
directors, executive officers or affiliates, or any registered or
beneficial stockholder, is an adverse party or has a material
interest adverse to our interest.
Employees
Our
only employees are our two (2) executive officers.
MANAGEMENT
The
name, age and position of each of our directors and executive
officers are as follows:
Name
|
|
Age
|
|
Position
|
|
|
|
|
|
Joachim Haas
|
|
57
|
|
Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
|
Thomas Hoeder
|
|
46
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
Michael Ende
|
|
73
|
|
Director
|
Joachim Haas, Age 57, Chief Executive Officer, President and
Director
Joachim
Haas is our Chief Executive Officer, President and Director and has
served in in such capacities since our inception in April 7, 2017.
Since 2007 until the present, Mr. Haas has served as an officer and
director of Northwest Oil & Gas Trading Company, Inc., a
Delaware corporation. From 2007 until 2010, Mr. Haas served as
Project Manager of Worldwide Energies, Inc. From 2006 until the
present, Mr. Haas has served as a Director of Northwest Oil &
Gas Ltd. (UK). Mr. Haas received a BS Degree in Business Economics
from Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University,
Karlsruhe, Germany. Mr. Haas does not, and has not served as an
officer or director of any other company required to file reports
with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Thomas Hoeder, Age 46, Chief Financial Officer
Thomas
Hoeder is our Chief Financial Officer and has served in that
capacity since May 1, 2018. From 2016 until the present, Mr. Hoeder
was Managing Partner Isarwinkel Bauservice GmbH, Bad Toelz, a
general construction contractor in Germany. From 2011 until the
present, Mr. Hoeder was Managing Partner of Deutsche Sachwert
Immobilien GmbH, Bad Toelz, a real estate company. Mr. Hoeder
received a BS Degree from TU-Bergakademie Freiberg, Technical
University, Freiberg in business Economist for Mining. Mr. Hoeder
does not, and has not served as an officer or director of any other
company required to file reports with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
Michael Ende, Age 73, Director
Michael
Ende is our Director and has served in that capacity since May 1,
2018. Michael Ende is a visionary and Artist. He did projects in
low tech and high tech, He is a graduate of ORT School of Delicate
Mechanic. From 1966 to 1967 Mr. Ende worked for the UGA with VIP
and in 1967 went to the school of minerals until the beginning of
1970. Thereafter he became the technical and production manager of
the school. In 1970 Mr. Ende helped to open the first plant for
Emeralds, Rubies, and Sapphires cutting and polishing. In 1970, he
built a small plant for cutting precious and semi-precious stones.
The same year he started to create Art in metals, Gold, Silver and
Brass. In 1988 Michael Ende was chosen by the Israeli Bonds as the
Artist of the country for the 40 Years Anniversary of the State of
Israel. The same year he won the first prize in Basel designing
wrist watch symbolizes Israel 40th anniversary. In 1991 during the
Gulf War, Mr. Ende developed the named brand T-TIE and came with
the T-Shirt with tie printing on the shirts with deferent design
and create new fashion including colorful watches two of the design
he win prices. "Time for Peace" and "Holding Hands for Peace" the
company still designing until today. In 1992 he developed with Sano
Chemicals Israel Co. and manufactured the green product "Michael
Ende Multimetal Polish". In 1997, he founded Atlantium Ltd. for
water disinfection using laser pulse UV light. In 2005, Mr. Ende
sponsored and researched, together with Dr. Alex Serginko, energy
fields. Mr. Ende and Dr. Alex Serginko jointed together in 2004 to
develop the theory of separating Hydrogen from water by using Dr.
Serginko’s theory in producing Alumina and Hydrogen. After
years of research and testing in September 2009 proved the theory.
In 2010, Mr. Ende founded SRE Smart Refineries Enterprise LTD and
H-Force Hydrogen Force Co. Mr. Ende does not, and has not served as
an officer or director of any other company required to file
reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
32
Board Composition
Our
Bylaws provide that the Board of Directors shall consist of no less
than 1, but not more than 9 directors. Each director serves until
his successor is elected and qualified.
Committees of the Board of Directors
We do
not presently have a separately constituted audit committee,
compensation committee, nominating committee, executive committee
or any other committees of our Board of Directors. Nor do we have
an audit committee “financial expert.” As such, our
entire Board of Directors acts as our audit committee and handles
matters related to compensation and nominations of
directors.
Potential Conflicts of Interest
Since
we do not have an audit or compensation committee comprised of
independent directors, the functions that would have been performed
by such committees are performed by our directors. Thus, there is a
potential conflict of interest in that our directors and officers
have the authority to determine issues concerning management
compensation and audit issues that may affect management decisions.
We are not aware of any other conflicts of interest with any of our
executives or directors.
Director Independence
We are
not subject to listing requirements of any national securities
exchange or national securities association and, as a result, we
are not at this time required to have our board comprised of a
majority of “independent directors.” Our determination
of independence of directors is made using the definition of
“independent director” contained in Rule 4200(a) (15)
of the Marketplace Rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market
(“NASDAQ”), even though such definitions do not
currently apply to us because we are not listed on NASDAQ. We have
determined that none of our directors currently meet the definition
of “independent” as within the meaning of such rules as
a result of their current positions as our executive
officers.
Significant Employees
We have
no significant employees other than the executive
officers/directors described above.
Family Relationships
There
are no familial relationships between our officers and
directors.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
No
director, person nominated to become a director, executive officer,
promoter or control person of our company has, during the last ten
years: (i) been convicted in or is currently subject to a pending a
criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor
offenses); (ii) been a party to a civil proceeding of a judicial or
administrative body of competent jurisdiction and as a result of
such proceeding was or is subject to a judgment, decree or final
order enjoining future violations of, or prohibiting or mandating
activities subject to any federal or state securities or banking or
commodities laws including, without limitation, in any way limiting
involvement in any business activity, or finding any violation with
respect to such law, nor (iii) any bankruptcy petition been filed
by or against the business of which such person was an executive
officer or a general partner, whether at the time of the bankruptcy
or for the two years prior thereto.
Stockholder Communications with the Board
We have
not implemented a formal policy or procedure by which our
stockholders can communicate directly with our Board of Directors.
Nevertheless, every effort has been made to ensure that the views
of stockholders are heard by the Board of Directors or individual
directors, as applicable, and that appropriate responses are
provided to stockholders in a timely manner. We believe that we are
responsive to stockholder communications, and therefore have not
considered it necessary to adopt a formal process for stockholder
communications with our Board. During the upcoming year, our Board
will continue to monitor whether it would be appropriate to adopt
such a process.
33
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance
16(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires the Company
directors and executive officers, and persons who own more than ten
percent of the Company’s common stock, to file with the
Securities and Exchange Commission initial reports of ownership and
reports of changes of ownership of our common stock. Officers,
directors and greater than ten percent shareholders are required by
SEC regulation to furnish the Company with copies of all Section
16(a) forms they file. The Company intends to ensure to the best of
our ability that all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable
to its officers, directors and greater than ten percent (10%)
beneficial owners are complied with in a timely
fashion.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
We have
not paid since our inception, nor do we owe, any compensation to
our executive officers or directors. There are no arrangements or
employment agreements with our executive officer or directors
pursuant to which they will be compensated now or in the future for
any services provided as an executive officer, and we do not
anticipate entering into any such arrangements or agreements with
them in the foreseeable future.
Outstanding Equity Awards
We do
not currently have a stock option plan or any long-term incentive
plans that provide compensation intended to serve as incentive for
performance. No individual grants of stock options or other equity
incentive awards have been made to any executive officer or any
director since our inception; accordingly, none were outstanding at
May 31, 2018, and through the date of this Registration
Statement.
Employment Contracts, Termination of Employment, Change-in-Control
Arrangements
There
are currently no employments or other contracts or arrangements
with our executive officers. There are no compensation plans or
arrangements, including payments to be made by us, with respect to
our officers, directors or consultants that would result from the
resignation, retirement or any other termination of such directors,
officers or consultants from us. There are no arrangements for
directors, officers, employees or consultants that would result
from a change-in-control.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
As at
August 31, 2018, the Company owes $25,000 to the President and
Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of the Company, which
is non-interest bearing, unsecured, and due on demand.
As at
August 31, 2018, the Company owes $270,887 to a company controlled
by the President and CEO of the Company, which is non-interest
bearing, unsecured, and due on demand.
As at
August 31, 2018, the Company owed $7,225 to the former President
and CEO of the Company, which is non-interest bearing, unsecured,
and due on demand.
PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS
The
following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial
ownership of our common stock as of December 15, 2018
for:
● each
person, or group of affiliated persons, known by us to beneficially
own more than 5% of our common stock;
● each
of our executive officers;
● each
of our directors; and
● all
of our executive officers and directors as a group.
34
We have
determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the
Securities and Exchange Commission. These rules generally attribute
beneficial ownership of securities to persons who possess sole or
shared voting power or investment power with respect to those
securities. The person is also deemed to be a beneficial owner of
any security of which that person has a right to acquire beneficial
ownership within 60 days. Unless otherwise indicated, the persons
or entities identified in this table have sole voting and
investment power with respect to all shares shown as beneficially
owned by them, subject to applicable community property laws, and
the address for each person listed in the table is c/o Northwest
Oil & Gas Trading Company, Inc.
The
percentage ownership information shown in the table below is
calculated based on 21,410,000 shares of our common stock issued
and outstanding as of December 15, 2018. We do not have any
outstanding options, warrants or other securities exercisable for
or convertible into shares of our common stock.
Title of Class of Beneficial Ownership
|
|
Name of Beneficial Owner
|
|
Amount and Nature
|
|
Percentage of Class
|
Common Stock
|
|
Joachim Haas, Chief Executive Officer, President and
Director
|
|
1,010,000 (D)
|
|
4.67%
|
Common Stock
|
|
Hau Wai Cheung
|
|
15,000,000
(D)
|
|
70.06%
|
Common Stock
|
|
Yuan May Cheung
|
|
5,000,000 (D)
|
|
23.35%
|
Common Stock
|
|
Michael Ende, Director
|
10,000 (I) (1)
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All officers and directors as a group
|
|
|
|
21,020,000
|
|
98.13%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*Less than .001%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) Mr. Ende indirectly owns 10,000 shares as the controlling
shareholder of T-Tie, Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
We are
unaware of any contract or other arrangement the operation of which
may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of our
Company.
We do
not have any issued and outstanding securities that are convertible
into common stock. None of our stockholders are entitled to
registration rights.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
There Is No Current Market for Our Shares of Common
Stock
There
is currently no market for our shares of common stock. We cannot
give you any assurance that the shares you purchase will ever have
a market or that if a market for our shares ever develops, that you
will be able to sell your shares. In addition, even if a public
market for our shares develops, there is no assurance that a
secondary public market will be sustained.
The
shares you purchase are not traded or listed on any exchange or
quotation medium. After the effective date of the registration
statement, we intend to seek a market maker to file an application
with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or FINRA,
to have our common stock quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin
Board. We will have to satisfy certain criteria in order for our
application to be accepted. We do not currently have a market maker
who is willing to participate in this application process, and even
if we identify a market maker, there can be no assurance as to
whether we will meet the requisite criteria or that our application
will be accepted. Our common stock may never be quoted on the
Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, or, even if quoted, a public
market may not materialize. There can be no assurance that an
active trading market for our shares will develop, or, if
developed, that it will be sustained.
35
The
Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board is maintained by the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. The securities traded on the
Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board are not listed or traded on the
floor of an organized national or regional stock exchange. Instead,
these securities transactions are conducted through a telephone and
computer network connecting dealers in stocks. Over-the-counter
stocks are traditionally smaller companies that do not meet the
financial and other listing requirements of a regional or national
stock exchange.
Even if
our shares are quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, a
purchaser of our shares may not be able to resell the shares.
Broker-dealers may be discouraged from effecting transactions in
our shares because they will be considered penny stocks and will be
subject to the penny stock rules. Rules 15g-1 through 15g-9
promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
impose sales practice and disclosure requirements on
brokers-dealers who make a market in a "penny stock." A penny stock
generally includes equity securities (other than securities
registered on some national securities exchanges) that have a
market price of less than $5.00 per share. Under the penny stock
regulations, a broker-dealer selling penny stock to anyone other
than an established customer or "accredited investor" (generally,
an individual with net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or an annual
income exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with his or her
spouse) must make a special suitability determination for the
purchaser and must receive the purchaser's written consent to the
transaction prior to sale, unless the broker-dealer or the
transaction is otherwise exempt. In addition, the penny stock
regulations require the broker-dealer to deliver, prior to any
transaction involving a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prepared
by the SEC relating to the penny stock market, unless the
broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. A
broker-dealer is also required to disclose commissions payable to
the broker-dealer and the registered representative and current
quotations for the securities. Finally, a broker-dealer is required
to send monthly statements disclosing recent price information with
respect to the penny stock held in a customer's account and
information with respect to the limited market in penny
stocks.
The
additional sales practice and disclosure requirements imposed upon
broker-dealers may discourage broker-dealers from effecting
transactions in our shares, which could severely limit the market
liquidity of the shares and impede the sale of our shares in the
secondary market, assuming one develops.
By Selling Stockholders
We are
registering shares of our common stock on behalf of the selling
shareholders. The selling shareholders will offer and sell the
shares of our common stock to which this prospectus relates for
their own accounts. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale
of those shares. We will pay all fees and expenses in connection
with the registration of those shares. Fees and expenses of any
attorneys or other advisors retained by the selling shareholders in
connection with the registration will be paid by the selling
shareholders.
The
selling shareholders may sell some or all of their shares of our
common stock registered hereby at a fixed price of $0.20 per share.
Prior to those prices being quoted on the OTCBB, the selling
shareholders may sell their shares of our common stock registered
hereby in private transactions to other individuals. Although our
common stock is not listed on a public exchange, we intend to apply
for participation on the OTCBB concurrently with the filing of this
registration statement. In order to be quoted on the OTCBB, a
market maker must file an application on our behalf in order to
make a market for our common stock. There can be no assurance that
a market maker will agree to file the necessary documents with
FINRA, which operates the OTCBB, nor can there be any assurance
that such an application for quotation will be approved. However,
sales by selling shareholders of their shares of our common stock
registered hereby must be made at the fixed price of $0.20 until
the prices of our common stock are quoted on the
OTCBB.
When
prices for our common stock are quoted on the OTCBB, the shares of
our common stock registered hereby may be sold or distributed from
time to time by the selling shareholders directly to one or more
purchasers or through brokers or dealers who act solely as agents,
at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related
to such prevailing market prices, at negotiated prices or at fixed
prices, which may be changed. The distribution of those shares may
be effected in one or more of the following methods:
●
ordinary brokers transactions, which may include long or short
sales;
●
transactions involving cross or block trades on any securities or
market where our common stock is trading;
●
through direct sales to purchasers or sales effected through
agents;
●
through transactions in options, swaps or other derivatives
(whether exchange listed or otherwise); or
● any
combination of the foregoing;
36
In
addition, the selling shareholders may enter into hedging
transactions with broker-dealers who may engage in short sales, if
short sales were permitted, of those shares in the course of
hedging the positions they assume with the selling stockholders.
The selling shareholders may also enter into option or other
transactions with broker-dealers that require the delivery by such
broker-dealers of those shares, which shares may be resold
thereafter pursuant to this prospectus. To our best knowledge, none
of the selling shareholders are broker-dealers or affiliates of
broker dealers.
We will
inform the selling shareholders that the anti-manipulation rules of
Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 may apply to
sales of those shares in the market and to the activities of the
selling shareholders and their affiliates. In addition, we will
make copies of this prospectus (as it may be supplemented or
amended from time to time) available to the selling shareholders
for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933. The selling shareholders may
indemnify any broker-dealer that participates in transactions
involving the sale of those shares against certain liabilities,
including liabilities arising under the Securities Act of
1933.
Brokers,
dealers, or agents participating in the distribution of those
shares may receive compensation in the form of discounts,
concessions or commissions from the selling shareholders and/or the
purchasers of shares for whom such broker-dealers may act as agent
or to whom they may sell as principal, or both (which compensation
as to a particular broker-dealer may be in excess of customary
commissions). Neither the selling shareholders nor we can presently
estimate the amount of such compensation. We know of no existing
arrangements among the selling shareholders and any other
shareholder, broker, dealer or agent relating to the sale or
distribution of those shares.
Our
affiliates and/or promoters, if any, who are offering their shares
of our common stock for sale and any broker-dealers who act in
connection with the sale of the shares of our common stock
hereunder will be deemed to be “underwriters” of this
offering within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, and any
commissions they receive and proceeds of any sale of the shares may
be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the
Securities Act of 1933.
The
selling shareholders and any purchasers of our common stock should
be aware that any market that develops for our common stock will be
subject to “penny stock” rules.
Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities occurring pursuant to the
Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to our directors, officers,
and controlling persons, we have been advised that in the opinion
of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and, therefore,
unenforceable.
If any
of the selling shareholders enter into an agreement after the
effectiveness of the registration statement of which this
prospectus is a part to sell all or a portion of his or her shares
of our common stock registered hereby to a broker-dealer as
principal and that broker-dealer acts as underwriter, we will file
a post-effective amendment to this registration statement
identifying that broker-dealer, providing the required information
regarding the plan of distribution, revising disclosures in that
registration statement, as required, and filing a copy of that
agreement as an exhibit to that registration
statement.
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
All of
the shares of common stock issued are being offered by the selling
stockholders listed in the table below. None of the selling
stockholders are broker-dealers or affiliated with broker-dealers.
We issued the shares of common stock pursuant to a private
placement exempt from registration under Section 4(2) and
Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933.
The
selling stockholders may offer and sell, from time to time, any or
all of the common stock issued. Because the selling stockholders
may offer all or only some portion of the 400,000 shares of common
stock to be registered, no estimate can be given as to the amount
or percentage of these shares of common stock that will be held by
the selling stockholders upon termination of the
offering.
The
following table sets forth certain information regarding the
beneficial ownership of shares of common stock by the selling
stockholders as of October 15, 2015, and the number of shares of
common stock covered by this prospectus.
37
The
number of shares in the table represents an estimate of the number
of shares of common stock to be offered by the selling
stockholders.
Selling
Shareholders
|
Shares of Common
Stock Owned Prior to Offering
|
Shares of Common
Stock to be Offered for Sale
|
Shares of Common
Stock Owned After the Offering
|
Percentage of
Common Stock Owned Before the Offering
|
Percentage of
Common Stock Owned After the Offering
|
Gidon
Marinovxky
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Shlomo
Yisachar
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Ben Zvi
Yishcar
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Daniel
Soloman
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Rafi
Eitan
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Emmanual
Gadaix
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Lior
Aditti
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Yigal
Weinstein
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Gadi
Dayan
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Idan
Shuraty
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Sharon
Ende
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Asher
Zohar
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Doron
Zohar
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Jean
Baer
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Yitzhak
Eldan
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Dean
Soloman
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Avrham
Ende
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Lina Ende
(1)
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Kilman
Aya
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Shmuel
Yair
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Mordechai
Moshkovits
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Anette
Dirschnabel(2)
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Rebekka
Haas
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Lai Ying
Leung
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Pik Sing
Chan
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Ching Fan
Shuan
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Kylie
Cheung
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Yuk Ying
Leung
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Kwen Wing
Leung
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Wing Hong
Kee
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Ka Chun
Kee
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Pi Nin
Wang
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Ngai Fung
Man
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Sun Tai
Kong
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Chiu Mui
Ho
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Way Szi Candy
Lo
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Yan Ki
Yue
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Wai Ming
Lo
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Wai Han Cindy
Lo
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
0
|
*
|
0.00%
|
Total
|
390,000
|
390,000
|
0
|
1.82%
|
0.00%
|
* Less
than 0.1%
(1)
Linda Ende is the spouse of our Director, Michael Ende
(2)
Anette Dirschnabel is the spouse of our Chief Executive Officer,
President and Director, Joachim Haas
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
Common Stock
Our
authorized capital stock consists of 75,000,000 shares of common
stock, par value $0.001 per share.
38
The
holders of our common stock:
● Have
equal rateable rights to dividends from funds legally available
therefore, when, as and if declared by our Board of
Directors;
● Are
entitled to share rateably in all of our assets available for
distribution to holders of common stock upon liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of our affairs;
● Do
not have pre-emptive, subscription or conversion rights and there
are no redemption or sinking fund provisions or rights;
and
● Are
entitled to one non-cumulative vote per share on all matters on
which stockholders may vote.
The
shares of common stock are not subject to any future call or
assessment and all have equal voting rights. There are no special
rights or restrictions of any nature attached to any of the common
shares and they all rank at equal rate or pari passu , each with the other, as to
all benefits, which might accrue to the holders of the common
shares. All registered stockholders are entitled to receive a
notice of any general annual meeting to be convened by our Board of
Directors.
At any
general meeting, subject to the restrictions on joint registered
owners of common shares, every stockholder who is present in person
or by proxy and entitled to vote has one vote, and on a poll every
stockholder has one vote for each share of common stock of which he
is the registered owner and may exercise such vote either in person
or by proxy. To the knowledge of our management, at the date
hereof, our officers and directors are the only persons to exercise
control, directly or indirectly, over more than 10% of our
outstanding common shares. See “Security Ownership of Certain
Beneficial Owners and Management.”
We
refer you to our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, copies of
which were filed with the registration statement of which this
prospectus is a part, and to the applicable statutes of the State
of Nevada for a more complete description of the rights and
liabilities of holders of our securities.
As of
December 15, 2018, there were 21,410,000 shares of our common stock
issued and outstanding.
Preferred Stock
We are
not authorized to issue any preferred stock.
Options, Warrants and Rights
There
are no outstanding options, warrants, or similar rights to purchase
any of our securities.
Non-cumulative Voting
Holders
of shares of our common stock do not have cumulative voting rights,
which means that the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding
shares, voting for the election of directors, can elect all of the
directors to be elected, if they so choose, and, in such event, the
holders of the remaining shares will not be able to elect any of
our directors.
Cash Dividends
As of
the date of this prospectus, we have not paid any cash dividends to
stockholders. The declaration of any future cash dividend will be
at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon
our earnings, if any, our capital requirements and financial
position, our general economic and other pertinent conditions. It
is our present intention not to pay any cash dividends in the
foreseeable future, but rather to reinvest earnings, if any, into
our business.
39
Transfer Agent
The
transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Sedona Equity
Registrar & Transfer, Inc., 12601 N. Cave Creek Road, Suite
118, Phoenix, AZ 85022. The transfer agent is responsible for all
record-keeping and administrative functions in connection with our
issued and outstanding common stock.
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
There
is no public market for our common stock. We cannot predict the
effect, if any, that market sales of shares of our common stock or
the availability of shares of our common stock for sale will have
on the market price of our common stock. Sales of substantial
amounts of our common stock in the public market could adversely
affect the market prices of our common stock and could impair our
future ability to raise capital through the sale of our equity
securities.
Upon
completion of this Offering, based on our outstanding shares as of
December 15, 2018, we will have outstanding an aggregate of
21,410,000 shares of common stock outstanding. Of these shares,
upon effectiveness of the registration statement of which this
prospectus forms a part, all shares covered hereby and sold under
the Offering will be freely transferable without restriction or
further registration under the Securities Act.
Rule 144
In
general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, a person who is not
one of our affiliates and who is not deemed to have been one of our
affiliates at any time during the three months preceding a sale and
who has beneficially owned shares of our common stock that are
deemed restricted securities for at least six months would be
entitled after such six-month holding period to sell the common
stock held by such person, subject to the continued availability of
current public information about us (which current public
information requirement is eliminated after a one-year holding
period).
A
person who is one of our affiliates, or has been an affiliate of
ours at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who
has beneficially owned shares of our common stock that are deemed
restricted securities for at least six months would be entitled
after such six-month holding period to sell his or her securities,
provided that he or she sells an amount that does not exceed 1% of
the number of shares of our common stock then outstanding (or
214,100 shares) immediately after this Offering (or, if our common
stock is listed on a national securities exchange, the average
weekly trading volume of the shares during the four calendar weeks
preceding the sale), subject to the continued availability of
current public information about us and compliance with certain
manner of sale provisions.
Rule
144 is not available for resale of restricted securities of shell
companies or former shell companies until one year elapses from the
time that such company is no longer considered a shell
company.
LEGAL MATTERS
We know
of no existing or pending legal proceedings against us, nor are we
involved as a plaintiff in any proceeding or pending litigation.
There are no proceedings in which any of our directors, officers or
any of their respective affiliates, or any beneficial stockholder,
is an adverse party or has a material interest adverse to our
interest. Our address for service of process in Nevada is 4650
Wedekind Road, #2, Sparks, Nevada 89431.
LEGAL REPRESENTATION
The
O’Neal Law Office, c/o William O’Neal, Esq. will pass
upon the validity of the common stock offered hereby.
EXPERTS
The
financial statements included in this prospectus, and in the
registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, have
been audited by Saturna Group Chartered Professional Accountants
LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, to the
extent and for the period set forth in their report appearing
elsewhere herein and in the registration statement, and are
included in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of
said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. No expert or
counsel named in this prospectus as having prepared or certified
any part of this prospectus or having given an opinion upon the
validity of the securities being registered or upon other legal
matters in connection with the registration or offering of the
common stock was employed on a contingency basis or had, or is to
receive, in connection with the offering, a substantial interest,
directly or indirectly, in the Company, nor was any such person
connected with the Company as a promoter, managing or principal
underwriter, voting trustee, director, officer or
employee.
40
DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES
LIABILITIES
Our
Bylaws, subject to the provisions of Nevada law, contain provisions
which allow us to indemnify any person against liabilities and
other expenses incurred as the result of defending or administering
any pending or anticipated legal issue in connection with service
to us if it is determined that person acted in good faith and in a
manner which he reasonably believed was in the best interest of the
corporation. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising
under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to our directors,
officers and controlling persons, we have been advised that in the
opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such
indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore,
unenforceable.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
ANDFINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
There
have not been any changes in or disagreements with accountants on
accounting, financial disclosure or any other matter.
WHERE YOU CAN GET MORE INFORMATION
In
accordance with the Securities Act of 1933, we are filing with the
SEC a registration statement on Form S-1, of which this prospectus
is a part, covering the securities being offered by the Registrant.
As permitted by rules and regulations of the SEC, this prospectus
does not contain all of the information set forth in the
registration statement. For further information regarding both our
Company and our common stock, we refer you to the registration
statement, including all exhibits and schedules, which you may
inspect without charge at the public reference facilities of the
SEC’s Washington, D.C. office, 100 F Street, N.E.,
Washington, D.C. 20549, on official business days during the hours
of 10am and 3pm, and on the SEC Internet site at
http:\\www.sec.gov. Information regarding the operation of the
public reference rooms may be obtained by calling the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATION
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of
operation should be read in conjunction with the financial
statements and related notes that appear elsewhere in this
prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements and
information relating to our business that reflect our current views
and assumptions with respect to future events and are subject to
risks and uncertainties, including the risks in the section
entitled Risk Factors beginning on page 9, that may cause our or
our industry’s actual results, levels of activity,
performance or achievements to be materially different from any
future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements
expressed or implied by these forward-looking
statements.
These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this
prospectus. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in
the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee
future results, levels of activity, or achievements. Except as
required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the
United States, we expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking
to disseminate any update or revisions of any of the
forward-looking statements to reflect any change in our
expectations with regard thereto or to conform these statements to
actual results.
Plan of Operations
Northwest
Oil & Gas Trading Company, Inc. (“NWOG”, the
“Company” “we” or “us”) is a
development stage company. We were incorporated under the laws of
the state of Nevada on April 7, 2017. We are in the business of oil exploration. On December
21, 2017, we formalized an agreement whereby we were assigned
partial interest in two (2) operating oil and gas leases in Warren
County, Kentucky. Two additional leases were assigned to us on
April 24, 2018. Our fiscal year end is May 31. The leases
cover the following nine (9) wells:
41
●
Hardcastle 1
Well
7%
Overriding Royalty Interest
25%
Working Interest
10% Net
Revenue Interest
●
Whittaker 1 and 2
wells
5%
Overriding Royalty Interest
100%
Working Interest
60% Net
Revenue Interest
●
Daviess Wells 1 and
2
71%
Working Interest
51% Net
Revenue Interest
●
Ennis 4
wells
71%
Working Interest
51% Net
Revenue Interest
This
wells are operated by Magna Bures Oil, LLC.
Our
plan is to develop the above mentioned oil wells within the next
twelve (12) months and to increase the oil production by
enhancement procedures. Further to start a drilling program to
drill ten (10) new wells within the coming twenty-four (24)
months.
The
following chart provides an overview of our budgeted expenditures
by significant area of activity over the next twelve (12) months as
well over the next twenty-four (24) months, assuming we are able to
attract sufficient debt or equity financing. There can be no
assurance that we will be able to attract financing and we may be
required to scale back operations accordingly.
42
|
Month 1-3
|
Month 4-6
|
Month 7-9
|
Month 10-12
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenditures
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payroll
|
$0
|
$3,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$15,000
|
Travel
|
$2,500
|
$5,000
|
$2,500
|
$2,500
|
$12,500
|
Accounting
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Legal
|
$8,000
|
$4,000
|
$2,000
|
$2,000
|
$16,000
|
Auditing
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Oil Field
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operator
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$6,000
|
Maintenance
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Work over
|
$10,000
|
$10,000
|
$0
|
$0
|
$20,000
|
New drilling
|
$0
|
$0
|
$200,000
|
$200,000
|
$400,000
|
Marketing
|
|
|
|
|
|
Promotion
|
$9,000
|
$6,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$21,000
|
Investor Relations
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$24,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum
|
$46,000
|
$44,500
|
$230,000
|
$230,000
|
$550,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sale of oil
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hardcastle
|
$0
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$4,500
|
Whittaker
|
$1,800
|
$5,400
|
$10,000
|
$12,500
|
$29,700
|
Daviess
|
$1,500
|
$4,500
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$24,000
|
Ennies
|
$4,500
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$54,900
|
New well 1
|
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$30,000
|
New well 2
|
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$30,000
|
New well 3
|
|
|
|
$12,000
|
$12,000
|
New well 4
|
|
|
|
$12,000
|
$12,000
|
New well 5
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 6
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 7
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 8
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 9
|
|
|
|
|
|
New well 10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum
|
$7,800
|
$28,200
|
$61,300
|
$99,800
|
$143,100
|
43
|
Month 13-15
|
Month 16-18
|
Month 19-21
|
Month 22-24
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenditures
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payroll
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$30,000
|
Travel
|
$2,500
|
$2,500
|
$2,500
|
$2,500
|
$10,000
|
Accounting
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Legal
|
$2,000
|
$2,000
|
$2,000
|
$2,000
|
$8,000
|
Auditing
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Oil Field
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operator
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$6,000
|
Maintenance
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Work over
|
$10,000
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$10,000
|
New drilling
|
$225,000
|
$225,000
|
$0
|
$0
|
$450,000
|
Marketing
|
|
|
|
|
|
Promotion
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$3,000
|
$12,000
|
Investor Relations
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$6,000
|
$24,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum
|
$265,000
|
$255,000
|
$33,000
|
$33,000
|
$586,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sale of oil
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hardcastle
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$1,500
|
$6,000
|
Whittaker
|
$12,500
|
$12,500
|
$12,500
|
$12,500
|
$50,000
|
Daviess
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$9,000
|
$36,000
|
Ennies
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$16,800
|
$67,200
|
New well 1
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$72,000
|
New well 2
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$72,000
|
New well 3
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$72,000
|
New well 4
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$72,000
|
New well 5
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$66,000
|
New well 6
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$66,000
|
New well 7
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$66,000
|
New well 8
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$48,000
|
New well 9
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$48,000
|
New well 10
|
|
$12,000
|
$18,000
|
$18,000
|
$48,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum
|
$147,800
|
$201,800
|
$219,800
|
$219,800
|
$789,200
|
44
Liquidity and Results of Operations
Results for the Three months ended August 31, 2018 and August 31,
2017; and
the years ended May 31, 2018 and May 31, 2017
Operating Expenses
Total
operating expenses was to $8,175 for the three months ended August
31, 2018, as compared to $0 for the three months ended August 31,
2017. The Company was inactive in the comparative
period..
Total
operating expenses decreased to $15,267 for the year ended May 31,
2018, as compared to $27,375 for the year ended May 31, 2017. The
decrease is mainly attributable to management fees incured in
fiscal 2018 offset by an impairment loss on oil and gas leases
recognized in fiscal 2018.
Effect of Inflation
Inflation
has not had a significant impact on the Company’s operations
or cash flows.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Related Party Balances
(a) As at August
31, 2018, the Company owes $25,000 (May 31, 2018 - $25,000) to the
President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of the
Company, which is non-interest bearing, unsecured, and due on
demand.
(b) As
at August 31, 2018, the Company owes $270,887 (May 31, 2018 -
$270,887) to a company controlled by the President and CEO of the
Company, which is non-interest bearing, unsecured, and due on
demand.
(c) As
at August 31, 2018, the Company owed $7,225 (May 31, 2018 - $7,225)
to the former President and CEO of the Company, which is
non-interest bearing, unsecured, and due on demand.
Cash Flow Information
The
Company had a working capital deficit of $309,752 at August 31,
2018. The Company had working capital deficit of $301,577 at May
31, 2018.
45
The
Company believes it has insufficient cash resources to meet its
liquidity requirements for the next twelve (12) months. The primary
sources of funding for such requirements are expected to be cash
generated from operations and raising additional funds from private
sources and/or debt financing.
At
August 31, 2018, the Company had cash of $3,185 as compared to cash
of $4,110 at May 31, 2018. This represents a slight decrease in
cash of $925.
Cash provided by operating activities
The
Company used $925 of cash in operating activities for the three
months ended August 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended
August 31, 2017. The Company had $10 of cash provided operating
activities for the year ended May 31, 2018 as compared to $6,375 of
cash used in operating activities April 7, 2017 (date of
incorporation) and May 31, 2017.
Non-cash investment and financing
activites
During
the year ended May 31, 2018 the Company acquired of oil and gas
leases through the issuance of related party debt in the amount of
$295,887 as follows:
Hardcastle:
On December 21, 2017, the Company acquired an 8% overriding royalty
interest, 100% working interest, and 60% net revenue interest in
wells located in Warren County, Kentucky from North West Oil and
Gas Trading Company Inc., a related party through ownership. During
the year ended May 31, 2018, the Company an impairment loss of
$11,852.
Whittaker:
On April 24, 2018, the Company acquired a 7% overriding royalty
interest, 25% working interest, and 10% net revenue interest in
additional wells located in Warren County, Kentucky from North West
Oil and Gas Trading Company Inc., a related party through common
ownership.
Ennis:
On April 24, 2018, the Company acquired 51% net revenue interest at
71% working interest in four wells located in Warren County,
Kentucky from NEO Oil and Gas.
Daviess:
On June 16, 2018, the Company acquired a 51% net revenue interest
and 71% working interest in two wells located in the county of
Daviess, Kentucky from Magna Bures Oil LLC.
46
Cash provided by financing activities
Financing
activities for the year ended May 31, 2018 consists of proceeds of
$4,100 from the issuance of common stock compared to proceeds
of $6,375 from related party advances for the period May 31,
2017.
The
Company’s principal sources and uses of funds are investments
from accredited investors. The Company would need to raise
additional capital in order to meet its business plan. Management
intends to secure additional funds using borrowing or the further
sale of securities to accredited investors in the future. There is
no assurance that we may secure funding, or whether it can do so on
terms acceptable to us, or at all, and its liquidity would be
severely compromised.
The
accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that
the Company will continue as a going concern which contemplates,
amongst other things, the start of oil extraction and satisfaction
of liabilities in the course of business.
We
anticipate that our future liquidity requirements will arise from
the need to fund our growth, pay our current obligations and future
capital expenditures. The primary sources of funding for such
requirements are expected to be cash generated from operations and
raising additional funds from private sources and/or debt
financing. There is no assurance that we may secure funding, or
whether we can do so on terms acceptable to us, or at all, and our
liquidity would be severely compromised.
Going Concern Consideration
Our
independent auditors included an explanatory paragraph in their
report on the accompanying financial statements expressing concerns
about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our financial
statements contain additional note disclosures describing the
circumstances that lead to this disclosure by our independent
auditors.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have
no off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies
The
preparation of our financial statements requires us to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses and related disclosures
about contingent assets and liabilities. We base these estimates
and assumptions on historical experience and on various other
information and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable
under the circumstance. Estimates and assumptions about future
events and their effects cannot be perceived with certainty and,
accordingly, these estimates may change as additional information
is obtained, as more experience is acquired, as our operating
environment changes and as new events occur.
(a) Oil
and Gas
The
Company utilizes the full-cost method of accounting for petroleum
and natural gas properties. Under this method, the Company
capitalizes all costs associated with acquisition, exploration, and
development of oil and natural gas reserves, including leasehold
acquisition costs, geological and geophysical expenditures, lease
rentals on undeveloped properties and costs of drilling of
productive and non-productive wells into the full cost pool on a
country-by-country basis. When the Company obtains proven oil and
gas reserves, capitalized costs, including estimated future costs
to develop the reserves proved and estimated abandonment costs, net
of salvage, will be depleted on the units-of-production method
using estimates of proved reserves. The costs of unproved
properties are not amortized until it is determined whether or not
proved reserves can be assigned to the properties. Until such
determination is made, the Company assesses annually whether
impairment has occurred, and includes in the amortization base
drilling exploratory dry holes associated with unproved
properties.
47
The
Company applies a ceiling test to the capitalized cost in the full
cost pool. The ceiling test limits such cost to the estimated
present value, using a ten percent discount rate, of the future net
revenue from proved reserves based on current economic and
operating conditions. Specifically, the Company computes the
ceiling test so that capitalized cost, less accumulated depletion
and related deferred income tax, do not exceed an amount (the
ceiling) equal to the sum of: The present value of estimated future
net revenue computed by applying current prices of oil and gas
reserves (with consideration of price changes only to the extent
provided by contractual arrangements) to estimated future
production of proved oil and gas reserves as of the date of the
latest balance sheet presented, less estimated future expenditures
(based on current cost) to be incurred in developing and producing
the proved reserves computed using a discount factor of ten percent
and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions; plus the
cost of property not being amortized; plus the lower of cost or
estimated fair value of unproven properties included in the costs
being amortized; less income tax effects related to differences
between the book and tax basis of the property. For unproven
properties, the Company excludes from capitalized costs subject to
depletion, all costs directly associated with the acquisition and
evaluation of the unproved property until it is determined whether
or not proved reserves can be assigned to the property. Until such
a determination is made, the Company assesses the property at least
annually to ascertain whether impairment has occurred. In assessing
impairment, the Company considers factors such as historical
experience and other data such as primary lease terms of the
property, average holding periods of unproved property, and
geographic and geologic data. The Company adds the amount of
impairment assessed to the cost to be amortized subject to the
ceiling test.
(b)
Stock-Based Compensation
The
Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC
718, Compensation – Stock
Compensation and ASC 505, Equity Based Payments to Non-Employees,
which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation
expense based on estimated fair values for all share-based awards
made to employees and directors, including stock
options.
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The
following table sets forth the expenses in connection with the
issuance and distribution of the securities being registered
hereby. All such expenses will be borne by the
registrant.
Name
of Expense
|
Amount
|
|
|
Securities and
Exchange Commission registration fee
|
$9.45
|
Legal, accounting
fees and expenses(1)
|
$15,000
|
Edgar filing,
printing and engraving fees(1)
|
$1500
|
Total
|
$16,509.45
|
(1)
Estimated.
|
48
ITEM 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Our
officers and directors are indemnified as provided by the Nevada
Statutes and by our Bylaws.
Under
the Nevada Revised Statutes, director immunity from liability to a
company or its stockholders for monetary liabilities applies
automatically unless it is specifically limited by a
company’s Articles of Incorporation. Our Articles of
Incorporation do not specifically limit our directors’
immunity. Excepted from that immunity are: (a) a wilful failure to
deal fairly with the company or its stockholders in connection with
a matter in which the director has a material conflict of interest;
(b) a violation of criminal law, unless the director had reasonable
cause to believe that his or her conduct was lawful or no
reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful;
(c) a transaction from which the director derived an improper
personal profit; and (d) wilful misconduct.
Our
Bylaws provide that we will indemnify our directors and officers to
the fullest extent not prohibited by Nevada law; provided, however,
that we may modify the extent of such indemnification by individual
contracts with our directors and officers; and, provided, further,
that we shall not be required to indemnify any director or officer
in connection with any proceeding, or part thereof, initiated by
such person unless such indemnification: (a) is expressly required
to be made by law, (b) the proceeding was authorized by our Board
of Directors, (c) is provided by us, in our sole discretion,
pursuant to the powers vested in us under Nevada law or (d) is
required to be made pursuant to the Bylaws.
Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
may be permitted to our directors, officers and control persons
pursuant to the foregoing provisions or otherwise, we have been
advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission, such indemnification is against public policy, and is,
therefore, unenforceable.
ITEM 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
We
issued a total of 410,000 shares to 41 separate accredited foreign
shareholders on March 31, 2018, pursuant to a private placement of
our common stock exempt from registration under Regulation S of the
Securities Act of 1933, for total proceeds of approximately $4,100.
We issued an additional 21,000,000 shares to three founding
shareholders for services rendered in connection with the formation
and organization of the Company issued pursuant to a private
placement of our common stock exempt from registration under
Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933 for a total value of
approximately $21,000. The following table sets forth the
Shareholders, Shares Purchased, Purchase Price and the Date
Purchased.
Shareholder
|
Name
|
Shares Purchased
|
Purchase Price $
|
Date Purchased
|
|
|
|
($0.01 per share)
|
|
Marinovsky
|
Gidon
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Haas
|
Joachim
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Yisachar
|
Shlomo
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Yisachar
|
Ben
Zvi
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Salomon
|
Daniel
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Eitan
|
Rafi
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Gadaix
|
Emmanuel
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Arditti
|
Lior
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
49
Weinstein
|
Yigal
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Dayan
|
Gadi
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Shuraty
|
Idan
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Ende
|
Sharon
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Zohar
|
Asher
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Zohar
|
Doron
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Baer
|
Jean
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Eldan
|
Yitzhak
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Salomon
|
Dean
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
T-Tie
LTD.
|
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Ende
|
Avrham
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Ende
|
Lina
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Aya
|
Kilman
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Yair
|
Shmuel
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Moshkovits
|
Mordechai
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Dirschnabel
|
Anette
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Haas
|
Rebekka
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Leung
|
Lai
Ying
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Chan
|
Pik
Sing
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Shuan
|
Ching
Fan
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Cheung
|
Kylie
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Leung
|
Yuk
Ying
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Leung
|
Kwen
Wing
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Kee
|
Wing
Hong
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Kee
|
Ka
Chun
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Wang
|
Pi
Nin
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Man
|
Ngai
Fung
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Kong
|
Sun
Tai
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Ho
|
Chiu
Mui
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Lo
|
Wai
Sze Candy
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Yue
|
Yan
Ki
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Lo
|
Wai
Ming
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Lo
|
Wai
Han Cindy
|
10,000
|
100.00
|
3/31/2018
|
Cheung
|
Yuen
May
|
5,000,000
|
Services
|
5/31/2017
|
Cheung
|
Hau
Wai
|
15,000,000
|
Services
|
5/31/2017
|
Haas
|
Joachim
|
1,000,000
|
Services
|
5/31/2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
44 shareholders
|
|
21,410,000
|
4,100
|
|
50
ITEM 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a)
|
Exhibits:
|
The
following exhibits are filed as part of this registration
statement:
Exhibit
|
|
Description
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
Undertakings
The
undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:
To
file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a
post-effective amendment to this registration
statement:
|
(a)
|
To
include any prospectus required by Section 10(a) (3) of the
Securities Act of 1933;
|
|
(b)
|
To
reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the
effective date of this registration statement, or most recent
post-effective amendment, which, individually or in the aggregate,
represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in this
registration statement; and
|
|
(c)
|
To
include any material information with respect to the plan of
distribution not previously disclosed in this registration
statement or any material change to such information in the
registration statement.
|
That,
for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities
Act, each post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered herein,
and the Offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to
be the initial bona fide Offering thereof.
To
remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any
of the securities being registered hereby which remain unsold at
the termination of the Offering.
Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling
persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions
described above, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that
in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such
indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
51
In the
event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or
paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is
asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in
connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant
will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been
settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will
be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a
registration statement relating to an offering, other than
registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than
prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be
part of and included in the registration statement as of the date
it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no
statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is
part of the registration statement or made in a document
incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the
registration statement or prospectus that is part of the
registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of
contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any
statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus
that was part of the registration statement or made in any such
document immediately prior to such date of first use.
52
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant
has duly caused this Registration Statement on Form S-1 to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized,
in the City of Sparks on December 27, 2018.
NORTHWEST OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
By:
/s/
Joachim Haas
Name:
Joachim Haas
Title:
Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
(Principal
executive officer)
By:
/s/
Thomas Hoeder
Name:
Thomas Hoeder
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal
financial officer)
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
registration statement has been signed by the following persons in
the capacities and on the dates indicated.
/s/ Joachim Haas
|
December 27, 2018
|
Name: Joachim Haas
|
|
Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
|
|
(Principal executive officer)
|
|
|
|
/s/ Thomas Hoeder
|
December 27, 2018
|
Name: Thomas Hoeder
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
(Principal accounting officer)
|
|
|
|
/s/ Michael Ende
|
December 27, 2018
|
Name: Michael Ende
|
|
Director
|
|
53
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Financial
Statements
(Expressed in U.S.
Dollars)
CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of August 31,
2018 and May 31, 2018 (audited)
|
|
|
F-2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unaudited
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three
Months Ended August 31, 2018 and August 31, 2017
|
|
|
F-3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unaudited
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three
Months Ended August 31, 2018 and August 31, 2017
|
|
|
F-4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unaudited Notes to the Interim Financial Statements for the Period
Ended August 31, 2018 and August 31, 2017
|
|
|
F-5 to
F-7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
|
|
F-8
|
|
|
|
|||
Consolidated
Balance Sheets
|
|
|
F-9
|
|
|
|
|||
Consolidated
Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
|
|
|
F-10
|
|
|
|
|||
Consolidated
Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit
|
|
|
F-11
|
|
|
|
|||
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows
|
|
|
F-12
|
|
|
|
|||
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
|
|
F-13
to F-17
|
|
F-1
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Condensed balance
sheets
(Expressed in US
dollars)
|
August
31,
2018
$
|
May
31,
2018
$
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
3,185
|
4,110
|
|
|
|
Total Current
Assets
|
3,185
|
4,110
|
|
|
|
Non-Current
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas leases (Note 5)
|
284,035
|
284,035
|
|
|
|
Total
Assets
|
287,220
|
288,145
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities
|
9,825
|
2,575
|
Due
to related parties (Note 6)
|
32,225
|
32,225
|
Loans payable to
related parties (Note 6)
|
270,887
|
270,887
|
|
|
|
Total Current
Liabilities
|
312,937
|
305,687
|
|
|
|
Nature of
operations and continuance of business (Note 2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders’
Deficit
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
stock, 75,000,000 shares authorized, $0.001 par value 21,410,000
shares issued and outstanding
|
21,410
|
21,410
|
Additional
paid-in capital
|
3,690
|
3,690
|
Deficit
|
(50,817)
|
(42,642)
|
|
|
|
Total
Stockholders’ Deficit
|
(25,717)
|
(17,542)
|
|
|
|
Total Liabilities
and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
|
287,220
|
288,145
|
F-2
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Condensed
statements of operations and comprehensive loss
(unaudited)
(Expressed in US
dollars)
|
For
the three months ended
August
31,
2018
$
|
For
the three months ended August 31,
2017
$
|
|
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appraisal
fee
|
1,750
|
–
|
General and
administrative
|
275
|
–
|
Professional
fees
|
5,500
|
–
|
Transfer
agent fees
|
650
|
–
|
|
|
|
Total operating
expenses
|
8,175
|
–
|
|
|
|
Net loss and
comprehensive loss for the period
|
(8,175)
|
–
|
|
|
|
Loss per share,
basic and diluted
|
–
|
–
|
|
|
|
Weighted average
shares outstanding
|
21,410,000
|
21,000,000
|
F-3
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Condensed
statements of cash flows
(unaudited)
(Expressed in US
dollars)
|
For
the three months ended
August
31,
2018
$
|
For
the three months ended
August
31,
2017
$
|
|
|
|
Operating
activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
loss
|
(8,175)
|
–
|
|
|
|
Changes in non-cash
working capital:
|
|
|
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities
|
7,250
|
–
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided
by (used in) operating activities
|
(925)
|
–
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in
cash
|
(925)
|
–
|
|
|
|
Cash, beginning of
period
|
4,110
|
–
|
|
|
|
Cash, end of
period
|
3,185
|
–
|
|
|
|
Supplemental
disclosures:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
paid
|
–
|
–
|
Income taxes
paid
|
–
|
–
|
F-4
NORTHWEST OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Notes
to the interim financial statements
For the
Period Ended August 31, 2018 and 2017
(unaudited)
(Expressed
in US dollars)
1.
Nature
of Operations and Continuance of Business
Northwest
Oil & Gas Company Inc. (the “Company”) was
incorporated on April 7, 2017 in the State of Nevada, USA. The
Company is in the business of oil exploration. On December 21,
2017, the Company formalized an agreement whereby it was assigned
partial interest in two operating oil and gas leases in Warren
county, Kentucky. Two other leases were assigned on April 24,
2018.
These
condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going
concern, which assumes that the Company will be able to meet its
obligations and continue its operations for its next twelve months.
Realization values may be substantially different from carrying
values as shown and these financial statements do not give effect
to adjustments that would be necessary to the carrying values and
classification of assets and liabilities should the Company be
unable to continue as a going concern. At August 31, 2018, the
Company had not yet recorded any revenues, has a working capital
deficit of $309,752, and has an accumulated deficit of $50,817.
These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s
ability to continue as a going concern. Management has no formal
plan in place to address this concern but considers that the
Company will be able to obtain additional funds by equity financing
and/or related party advances, however there is no assurance of
additional funding being available. These financial statements do
not include any adjustments to the recoverability and
classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of
liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to
continue as a going concern.
2.
Summary
of Significant Accounting Policies
(a)
Basis of
Presentation
These
condensed financial statements and related notes are presented in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States (“US GAAP”) and are expressed in US
dollars. The Company’s fiscal year-end is May
31.
(b)
Use of
Estimates
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during
the reporting period. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and
assumptions related to the recoverability of mineral properties,
and deferred income tax asset valuation allowances. The Company
bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical
experience and various other factors that it believes to be
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the
basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and
liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not
readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced
by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the
Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material
differences between the estimates and the actual results, future
results of operations will be affected.
(c)
Interim Condensed
Financial Statements
These
interim condensed unaudited financial statements have been prepared
on the same basis as the annual financial statements and in the
opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only
normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the
Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash
flows for the periods shown. The results of operations for such
periods are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for
a full year or for any future period.
F-5
NORTHWEST OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Notes
to the interim financial statements
For the
Period Ended August 31, 2018 and 2017
(unaudited)
(Expressed
in US dollars)
2.
Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
(d)
Basic and Diluted
Net Loss per Share
The
Company computes net income (loss) per share in accordance with ASC
260, Earnings per Share.
ASC 260 requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings
per share (“EPS”) on the face of the income statement.
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to
common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of
shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted EPS
gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding
during the period using the treasury stock method and convertible
preferred stock using the if-converted method. In computing diluted
EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in determining
the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of
stock options or warrants. Diluted EPS excludes all dilutive
potential shares if their effect is anti dilutive. As of September
30 and March 31, 2018, the Company had no potentially dilutive
shares.
(e)
Recent Accounting
Pronouncements
The
Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are
in effect. These pronouncements did not have any material impact on
the financial statements unless otherwise disclosed, and the
Company does not believe that there are any other new accounting
pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material
impact on its financial position or results of
operations.
3.
Oil
and Gas Leases
|
August
31,
2018
$
|
May
31,
2018
$
|
|
|
|
Hardcastle
|
43,987
|
43,987
|
Whittaker
|
215,048
|
215,048
|
Ennis
|
12,500
|
12,500
|
Daviess
|
12,500
|
12,500
|
|
|
|
|
284,035
|
284,035
|
Hardcastle
On
December 21, 2017, the Company acquired an 8% overriding royalty
interest, 100% working interest, and 60% net revenue interest in
wells located in Warren County, Kentucky from North West Oil and
Gas Trading Company Inc., a related party through ownership. During
the year ended May 31, 2018, the Company an impairment loss of
$11,852.
Whittaker
On
April 24, 2018, the Company acquired a 7% overriding royalty
interest, 25% working interest, and 10% net revenue interest in
additional wells located in Warren County, Kentucky from North West
Oil and Gas Trading Company Inc., a related party through common
ownership.
Ennis
On
April 24, 2018, the Company acquired 51% net revenue interest at
71% working interest in four wells located in Warren County,
Kentucky from NEO Oil and Gas.
Daviess
On
June 16, 2018, the Company acquired a 51% net revenue interest and
71% working interest in two wells located in the county of Daviess,
Kentucky from Magna Bures Oil LLC.
F-6
NORTHWEST OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Notes
to the interim financial statements
For the
Period Ended August 31, 2018 and 2017
(unaudited)
(Expressed
in US dollars)
4.
Related
Party Transactions
(a)
As at August
31, 2018, the Company owes $25,000 (2017 - $nil) to the President
and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of the Company,
which is non-interest bearing, unsecured, and due on
demand.
(b)
As at August 31, 2018, the Company owes $270,887
(2017 - $nil) to a company controlled by the President and CEO of
the Company, which is non-interest bearing, unsecured, and due on
demand.
(c)
As at August 31, 2018, the Company owed $7,225
(2017 - $nil) to the former President and CEO of the Company, which
is non-interest bearing, unsecured, and due on
demand.
F-7
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of Northwest Oil & Gas
Trading Company, Inc.
Opinion
on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have
audited the accompanying balance sheets of Northwest Oil & Gas
Trading Company, Inc. (the “Company”) as of May 31,
2018 and 2017, and the related statements of operations and
comprehensive loss, stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows for
the year ended May 31, 2018 and for the period from April 7, 2017
(date of incorporation) to May 31, 2017 and related notes
(collectively, the “financial statements”). In our
opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of the Company as at May 31, 2018
and 2017, and the results of their operations and cash flows for
the year ended May 31, 2018 and for the period from April 7, 2017
(date of incorporation) to May 31, 2017, in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
Explanatory
Paragraph Regarding Going Concern
The
accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming the
Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to
the financial statements, the Company has a working capital
deficit, and has incurred significant operating losses and negative
cash flows from operations since inception. As May 31, 2018, the
Company has a working capital deficit of $301,577 and an
accumulated deficit of $42,642. These factors raise substantial
doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going
concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are
also discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements. The financial
statements do not include any adjustments that might result from
the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis
for Opinion
These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a
public accounting firm registered with the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”)
and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and
the PCAOB.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated
financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due
to fraud or error. The Company is not required to have, nor were we
engaged to perform, an audit of its internal controls over
financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to
obtain an understanding of the Company’s internal controls
over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an
opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal
controls over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such
opinion.
Our
audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of
material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements,
whether due to fraud or error, and performing procedures that
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a
test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the
consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included
evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation
of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Saturna
Group Chartered Professional Accountants LLP
We have
served as the Company’s auditor since 2017
Vancouver,
Canada
November 14,
2018
F-8
NORTHWEST OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
|
|
|
Balance
sheets
(Expressed
in U.S. dollars)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
May
31,
|
May
31,
|
|
2018
|
2017
|
|
$
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
Current
Assets
|
|
|
Cash
|
4,110
|
–
|
|
|
|
Total
Current Assets
|
4,110
|
–
|
Non-Current
Assets
|
|
|
Oil
and gas leases (Note 3)
|
284,035
|
–
|
|
|
|
Total
Assets
|
288,145
|
–
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities
|
2,575
|
–
|
Due
to related parties (Note 4)
|
32,225
|
6,375
|
Loans
payable to related parties (Note 4)
|
270,887
|
–
|
Total
Current Liabilities
|
305,687
|
6,375
|
|
|
|
Nature
of operations and continuance of business (Note 1)
|
|
|
Stockholders’
Deficit
|
|
|
Common
stock, 75,000,000 shares authorized, $0.001 par value
|
|
|
21,410,000
(2017 – 21,000,000) shares issued and
outstanding
|
21,410
|
21,000
|
Additional
paid-in capital
|
3,690
|
–
|
Deficit
|
(42,642)
|
(27,375)
|
Total
Stockholders’ Deficit
|
(17,542)
|
(6,375)
|
Total
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
|
288,145
|
–
|
F-9
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Statements of
operations and comprehensive loss
(Expressed in U.S.
dollars)
|
|
|
|
Year
ended
|
Period from April 7,
2017 (date of incorporation) to
|
|
May
31,
2018
$
|
May
31,
2017
$
|
|
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
General and
administrative
|
840
|
6,375
|
Impairment loss on
oil and gas leases (Note 3)
|
11,852
|
–
|
Professional
fees
|
2,000
|
–
|
Management fees
(Note 4)
|
–
|
21,000
|
Transfer agent
fees
|
575
|
–
|
Total operating
expenses
|
15,267
|
27,375
|
Net loss for the
year
|
(15,267)
|
(27,375)
|
Loss per share,
basic and diluted
|
–
|
(0.69)
|
Weighted average
shares outstanding
|
21,068,521
|
39,623
|
F-10
NORTHWEST OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY,
INC.
|
|||||
Statements of stockholders’ deficit
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of shares
|
Amount
$
|
Additional
paid-in capital
$
|
Deficit
$
|
Total
stockholders’ equity (deficit)
$
|
Balance,
April 7, 2017 (date of incorporation)
|
-
|
-
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Shares
issued for services
|
21,000,000
|
21,000
|
–
|
–
|
21,000
|
Net
loss for the period
|
-
|
|
–
|
(27,375)
|
(27,375)
|
Balance,
May 31, 2017
|
21,000,000
|
21,000
|
–
|
(27,375)
|
(6,375)
|
Shares
issued for cash
|
410,000
|
410
|
3,690
|
–
|
4,100
|
Net
loss for the year
|
-
|
-
|
–
|
(15,267)
|
(15,267)
|
Balance,
May 31, 2018
|
21,410,000
|
21,410
|
3,690
|
(42,642)
|
(17,542)
|
F-11
NORTHWEST OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
|
|
|
Statements
of cash flows
(Expressed
in U.S. dollars)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year
ended May 31,
|
Period
from April 7, 2017 (date of incorporation) to May 31,
|
|
2018
|
2017
|
|
$
|
$
|
|
|
|
Operating
activities
|
|
|
Net
loss
|
(15,267)
|
(27,375)
|
Adjustment
to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:
|
|
|
Common
stock issued for services
|
–
|
21,000
|
Impairment loss on oil and gas leases
|
11,852
|
|
Changes in non-cash working capital:
|
|
|
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities
|
2,575
|
–
|
Due
to related party
|
850
|
–
|
Net
cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
10
|
(6,375)
|
|
|
|
Financing
activities
|
|
|
Proceeds
from issuance of common stock
|
4,100
|
–
|
Proceeds
from related party advances
|
–
|
6,375
|
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
4,100
|
6,375
|
Change
in cash
|
4,110
|
–
|
Cash,
beginning of period
|
–
|
–
|
Cash,
end of period
|
4,110
|
–
|
|
|
|
Non-cash
investing and financing activities:
|
|
|
Acquisition
of oil and gas leases through issuance of related party
debt
|
295,887
|
–
|
|
|
|
Supplemental
disclosures:
|
|
|
Interest
paid
|
–
|
–
|
Income
taxes paid
|
–
|
–
|
F-12
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Notes
to the financial statements
Years
Ended May 31, 2018 and 2017
(Expressed in U.S.
dollars)
1.
Nature
of Operations and Continuance of Business
Northwest Oil &
Gas Company Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated on
April 7, 2017 in the State of Nevada, USA. The Company is in the
business of oil exploration. On December 21, 2017, the Company
formalized an agreement whereby it was assigned partial interest in
two operating oil and gas leases in Warren county, Kentucky. Two
other leases were assigned on April 24, 2018.
These
financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going
concern, which assumes that the Company will be able to meet its
obligations and continue its operations for its next twelve months.
Realization values may be substantially different from carrying
values as shown and these financial statements do not give effect
to adjustments that would be necessary to the carrying values and
classification of assets and liabilities should the Company be
unable to continue as a going concern. At May 31, 2018, the Company
had not yet recorded any revenues, has a working capital deficit of
$301,577, and has an accumulated deficit of $42,642. These factors
raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to
continue as a going concern. Management has no formal plan in place
to address this concern but considers that the Company will be able
to obtain additional funds by equity financing and/or related party
advances, however there is no assurance of additional funding being
available. These financial statements do not include any
adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded
asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be
necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going
concern.
2.
Summary
of Significant Accounting Policies
(a)
Basis of
Presentation
These
financial statements and related notes are presented in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
and are expressed in U.S. dollars. The Company’s fiscal
year-end is May 31.
(b)
Use of Estimates
and Judgments
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions
related to valuation of oil and gas leases, stock-based
compensation, and deferred income tax asset valuation allowances.
The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts,
historical experience, and various other factors that it believes
to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form
the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets
and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not
readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced
by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the
Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material
differences between the estimates and the actual results, future
results of operations will be affected.
(c)
Cash and Cash
Equivalents
The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of
three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash
equivalents.
F-13
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Notes
to the financial statements
Years
Ended May 31, 2018 and 2017
(Expressed in U.S.
dollars)
2.
Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
(d)
Oil and Gas
Leases
The
Company utilizes the full-cost method of accounting for petroleum
and natural gas properties. Under this method, the Company
capitalizes all costs associated with acquisition, exploration, and
development of oil and natural gas reserves, including leasehold
acquisition costs, geological and geophysical expenditures, lease
rentals on undeveloped properties and costs of drilling of
productive and non-productive wells into the full cost pool on a
country-by-country basis. When the Company obtains proven oil and
gas reserves, capitalized costs, including estimated future costs
to develop the reserves proved and estimated abandonment costs, net
of salvage, will be depleted on the units-of-production method
using estimates of proved reserves. The costs of unproved
properties are not amortized until it is determined whether or not
proved reserves can be assigned to the properties. Until such
determination is made, the Company assesses annually whether
impairment has occurred, and includes in the amortization base
drilling exploratory dry holes associated with unproved
properties.
The
Company applies a ceiling test to the capitalized cost in the full
cost pool. The ceiling test limits such cost to the estimated
present value, using a ten percent discount rate, of the future net
revenue from proved reserves based on current economic and
operating conditions. Specifically, the Company computes the
ceiling test so that capitalized cost, less accumulated depletion
and related deferred income tax, do not exceed an amount (the
ceiling) equal to the sum of: The present value of estimated future
net revenue computed by applying current prices of oil and gas
reserves (with consideration of price changes only to the extent
provided by contractual arrangements) to estimated future
production of proved oil and gas reserves as of the date of the
latest balance sheet presented, less estimated future expenditures
(based on current cost) to be incurred in developing and producing
the proved reserves computed using a discount factor of ten percent
and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions; plus the
cost of property not being amortized; plus the lower of cost or
estimated fair value of unproven properties included in the costs
being amortized; less income tax effects related to differences
between the book and tax basis of the property. For unproven
properties, the Company excludes from capitalized costs subject to
depletion, all costs directly associated with the acquisition and
evaluation of the unproved property until it is determined whether
or not proved reserves can be assigned to the property. Until such
a determination is made, the Company assesses the property at least
annually to ascertain whether impairment has occurred. In assessing
impairment, the Company considers factors such as historical
experience and other data such as primary lease terms of the
property, average holding periods of unproved property, and
geographic and geologic data. The Company adds the amount of
impairment assessed to the cost to be amortized subject to the
ceiling test.
(e)
Financial
Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
The
Company measures and discloses the estimated fair value of
financial assets and liabilities using the fair value hierarchy
prescribed by ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and
Disclosures”. The fair value hierarchy has three levels,
which are based on reliable available inputs of observable data.
The hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when
available. The three-level hierarchy is defined as
follows:
Level 1
– quoted prices for identical instruments in active
markets.
Level 2
– quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets;
quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that
are not active; and model derived valuations in which
p
Level 3
– fair value measurements derived from valuation techniques
in which one or more significant inputs or significant value
drivers are unobservable.
F-14
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Notes
to the financial statements
Years
Ended May 31, 2018 and 2017
(Expressed in U.S.
dollars)
2.
Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
(e)
Financial
Instruments and Fair Value Measurements (continued)
Financial
instruments consist principally of cash, accounts payable and
accrued liabilities, and amounts due to related parties. Pursuant
to ASC 820, the fair value of cash is determined based on
“Level 1” inputs, which consist of quoted prices in
active markets for identical assets. The recorded values of all
other financial instruments approximate their current fair values
because of their nature and respective maturity dates or
durations.
(f)
Revenue
Recognition
The
Company derives revenues from the sale of oil and gas. In
accordance with ASC 605, “Revenue Recognition”, revenue is
recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists,
services have been rendered, the sales price is fixed or
determinable, and collectability is reasonably
assured.
Management assesses
the business environment, customers’ financial condition,
historical collection experience, accounts receivable aging, and
customer disputes to determine whether collectability is reasonably
assured. If collectability is not considered reasonably assured at
the time of sale, the Company does not recognize revenue until
collection occurs.
(g)
Loss Per
Share
The
Company computes loss per share in accordance with ASC 260,
"Earnings per Share" which
requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share
(“EPS”) on the face of the statement of operations.
Basic EPS is computed by dividing the loss available to common
shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of shares
outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted EPS gives
effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during
the period using the treasury stock method and convertible
preferred stock using the if- converted method. In computing
diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in
determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the
exercise of stock options or warrants. Diluted EPS excludes all
dilutive potential shares if their effect is
anti-dilutive.
(h)
Income
Taxes
The
Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability
method in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes”. The
asset and liability method provides that deferred income tax assets
and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax
consequences of temporary differences between the financial
reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for
operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred income tax
assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax
rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are
expected to reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance to
reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount that is believed
more likely than not to be realized.
(i)
Comprehensive
Loss
ASC
220, Comprehensive Income,
establishes standards for the reporting and display of
comprehensive loss and its components in the financial statements.
As at May 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company has no items that
represent a comprehensive loss and, therefore, has not included a
schedule of comprehensive loss in the financial
statements.
(j)
Stock-based
Compensation
The
Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC
718, Compensation – Stock
Compensation and ASC 505, Equity Based Payments to Non-Employees,
which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation
expense based on estimated fair values for all share-based awards
made to employees and directors, including stock
options.
F-15
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Notes
to the financial statements
Years
Ended May 31, 2018 and 2017
(Expressed in U.S.
dollars)
2.
Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies (continued)
(j)
Stock-based
Compensation (continued)
ASC 718
requires company to estimate the fair value of share-based awards
on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The Company
uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model as its method of
determining fair value. This model is affected by the
Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a
number of subjective variables. These subjective variables include,
but are not limited to the Company’s expected stock price
volatility over the term of the awards, and actual and projected
employee stock option exercise behaviours. The value of the portion
of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as
an expense in the statement of operations over the requisite
service period.
All
transactions in which goods or services are the consideration
received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for
based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair
value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably
measurable.
(k)
Recent Accounting
Pronouncements
The
Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are
in effect. These pronouncements did not have any material impact on
the financial statements unless otherwise disclosed, and the
Company does not believe that there are any other new accounting
pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material
impact on its financial position or results of
operations.
3.
Oil
and Gas Leases
|
May
31,
2018
$
|
May
31,
2017
$
|
Hardcastle
|
43,987
|
–
|
Whittaker
|
215,048
|
–
|
Ennis
|
12,500
|
–
|
Daviess
|
12,500
|
–
|
|
284,035
|
–
|
Hardcastle
On
December 21, 2017, the Company acquired an 8% overriding royalty
interest, 100% working interest, and 60% net revenue interest in
wells located in Warren County, Kentucky from North West Oil and
Gas Trading Company Inc., a related party through ownership. During
the year ended May 31, 2018, the Company an impairment loss of
$11,852.
Whittaker
On
April 24, 2018, the Company acquired a 7% overriding royalty
interest, 25% working interest, and 10% net revenue interest in
additional wells located in Warren County, Kentucky from North West
Oil and Gas Trading Company Inc., a related party through common
ownership.
Ennis
On
April 24, 2018, the Company acquired 51% net revenue interest at
71% working interest in four wells located in Warren County,
Kentucky from NEO Oil and Gas.
Daviess
On
April 1, 2018, the Company acquired a 51% net revenue interest and
71% working interest in two wells located in the county of Daviess,
Kentucky from Magna Bures Oil LLC.
F-16
NORTHWEST
OIL & GAS TRADING COMPANY, INC.
Notes
to the financial statements
Years
Ended May 31, 2018 and 2017
(Expressed in U.S.
dollars)
4.
Related
Party Transactions
(a)
As at May 31, 2018,
the Company owes $25,000 (2017 - $nil) to the President and Chief
Executive Officer (“CEO”) of the Company, which is
non-interest bearing, unsecured, and due on demand. During the year
ended May 31, 2018, the Company incurred management fees of $nil
(2017 - $1,000) to the President and CEO of the Company. Refer to
Note 5(a).
(b)
As at May 31, 2018,
the Company owes $270,887 (2017 - $nil) to a company controlled by
the President and CEO of the Company, which is non-interest
bearing, unsecured, and due on demand.
(c)
As at May 31, 2018,
the Company owed $7,225 (2017 - $6,375) to the former President and
CEO of the Company, which is non-interest bearing, unsecured, and
due on demand.
(d)
During the year
ended May 31, 2018, the Company incurred management fees of $nil
(2017 -
$20,000) to the
former Chief Financial Officer of the Company. Refer to Note
5(a).
5.
Share
Capital
(a)
On April 7, 2017,
the Company issued 21,000,000 shares of common stock at $0.001 per
share for management services with a fair value of
$21,000.
(b)
On March 31, 2018,
the Company issued 410,000 shares of common stock at $0.01 per
share for proceeds of $4,100.
6.
Income
Taxes
The
Company has $42,642 of net operating losses carried forward to
offset taxable income in future years which expire commencing in
fiscal 2037. The income tax benefit differs from the amount
computed by applying the US federal income tax rate of 34% in 2017
and 21% in 2018 to net loss before income taxes. As at May 31,
2018, the Company had no uncertain tax positions.
|
May
31,
2018
$
|
May
31,
2017
$
|
Net loss before
taxes
|
15,267
|
27,375
|
Statutory
rate
|
28.6%
|
34%
|
Computed expected
tax recovery
|
4,364
|
9,308
|
Tax effect of:
|
|
|
Change in
enacted tax rates
|
(4,717)
|
–
|
Change in valuation
allowance
|
353
|
(9,308)
|
Income tax
provision
|
–
|
–
|
The
significant components of deferred income tax assets and
liabilities as at May 31, 2018 and 2017, after applying enacted
corporate income tax rates are as follows:
|
2018
$
|
2017
$
|
Non-capital losses
carried forward
|
8,955
|
9,308
|
Valuation
allowance
|
(8,955)
|
(9,308)
|
Net deferred income
tax assets
|
–
|
–
|
F-17