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EX-32.2 - CERTIFICATION - COATES INTERNATIONAL LTD \DE\f10q0917ex32-2_coates.htm
EX-32.1 - CERTIFICATION - COATES INTERNATIONAL LTD \DE\f10q0917ex32-1_coates.htm
EX-31.2 - CERTIFICATION - COATES INTERNATIONAL LTD \DE\f10q0917ex31-2_coates.htm
EX-31.1 - CERTIFICATION - COATES INTERNATIONAL LTD \DE\f10q0917ex31-1_coates.htm

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017

OR

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from _________________ to _________________

 

Commission File Number: 000-33155

 

 

COATES INTERNATIONAL, LTD.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   22-2925432
(State or other jurisdiction of   (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)   Identification No.)

 

2100 Highway 34, Wall Township, New Jersey 07719

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 

(732) 449-7717

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

 

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes  ☒  No  

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes  ☒  No  ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company ☒
  Emerging Growth Company ☐

  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.)

Yes  ☐  No  ☒

 

As of November 13, 2017, the Registrant had 6,341,500,963 shares of its common stock, par value $0.0001 per share issued and outstanding.

 

 

 

 

 

COATES INTERNATIONAL, LTD.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

 

CONTENTS

 

SEPTEMBER 30, 2017

 

    Page
     
PART 1 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Financial Statements: 1
  Balance Sheets 1
  Statements of Operations 2
  Condensed Statements of Cash Flows 3
  Notes to Financial Statements 4-22
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 23-32
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 33
Item 4. Controls and Procedures 33
     
PART II  -  OTHER INFORMATION    
     
Item 1. Legal Proceedings 34
Item 1A. Risk Factors 34
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 34
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 34
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 34
Item 5. Other Information 35
Item 6. Exhibits 35
     
SIGNATURES 36

 

 

 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

Coates International, Ltd.

Balance Sheets

 

   September 30,
2017
   December 31,
2016
 
   (Unaudited)     
Assets        
Current Assets        
Cash  $5,479   $9,163 
Inventory, net   191,482    191,482 
Other current assets   1,040    47,028 
Total Current Assets   198,001    247,673 
Property, plant and equipment, net   2,042,862    2,076,396 
Deferred licensing costs, net   34,953    38,166 
Total Assets  $2,275,816   $2,362,235 
           
Liabilities and Stockholders' Deficiency          
Current Liabilities          
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  $2,447,618   $2,461,175 
Deferred employee compensation payable   1,621,712    1,272,317 
Promissory notes to related parties   1,441,173    1,454,699 
Derivative liability related to convertible promissory notes   435,429    153,472 
Deposits on orders   150,595    150,595 
Convertible promissory notes, net of unamortized discount   127,271    45,801 
Current portion of sublicense deposits   60,725    60,725 
Mortgage loan payable   60,000    60,000 
Total Current Liabilities   6,344,523    5,658,784 
Non-current portion of mortgage loan payable   1,228,158    1,273,158 
Non-current portion of sublicense deposits   612,775    627,175 
Total Liabilities   8,185,456    7,559,117 
           
Commitments and Contingencies   -        -     
           
Stockholders' Deficiency          
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized:          
Series A Preferred Stock, 1,000,000 shares designated, 720,222 and 50,000 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively   720    50 
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, 75,000,000 shares designated, 36,054,423 and  16,252,584 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively   36,054    16,253 
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value, 12,000,000,000 shares authorized, 5,974,943,586 and 3,002,730,366 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively   597,494    300,273 
Additional paid-in capital   66,053,239    59,813,632 
Accumulated deficit   (72,597,147)   (65,327,090)
Total Stockholders' Deficiency   (5,909,640)   (5,196,882)
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Deficiency  $2,275,816   $2,362,235 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

 1 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.

Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

 

   For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
   For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   2017   2016   2017   2016 
                 
Sublicensing fee revenue  $4,800   $4,800   $14,400   $14,400 
Total Revenues   4,800    4,800    14,400    14,400 
Expenses:                    
Research and development costs   -        1,250    196,598    189,773 
Stock-based compensation expense   1,715,597    4,061,731    4,927,152    6,768,560 
Compensation and benefits   156,171    150,475    382,098    301,619 
General and administrative expenses   101,977    109,842    245,087    333,397 
Depreciation and amortization   12,249    12,249    36,746    36,122 
Total Operating Expenses   1,985,994    4,335,547    5,787,681    7,629,471 
Loss from Operations   (1,981,194)   (4,330,747)   (5,773,281)   (7,615,071)
Other Income (Expense):                    
(Increase) decrease in estimated fair value of embedded derivative liabilities   (118,570)   56,950    (281,957)   474,731 
Loss on conversion of convertible notes   (84,625)   (54,932)   (245,372)   (124,962)
Interest expense, net   (266,064)   (110,641)   (969,447)   (586,063)
Total other income (expense)   (469,259)   (108,623)   (1,496,776)   (236,294)
Loss Before Income Taxes   (2,450,453)   (4,439,370)   (7,270,057)   (7,851,365)
Provision for income taxes   -        -        -        -     
Net Loss  $(2,450,453)  $(4,439,370)  $(7,270,057)  $(7,851,365)
                     
Basic net loss per share  $(0.00)  $(0.00)  $(0.00)  $(0.00)
Basic weighted average shares outstanding   5,398,162,883    2,508,814,075    4,163,397,715    1,723,247,751 
Diluted net loss per share  $(0.00)  $(0.00)  $(0.00)  $(0.00)
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding   5,398,162,883    2,508,814,075    4,163,397,715    1,723,247,751 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

 2 

 

 

Coates International Ltd.

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,

(Unaudited)

 

   2017   2016 
         
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities  $(663,268)  $(449,121)
           
Cash Used in Investing Activities:          
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment   -        (11,493)
Total Cash Used in Investing Activities   -        (11,493)
           
Cash Flows Provided (Used in) by Financing Activities:          
Issuance of convertible promissory notes   723,300    154,000 
Issuance of promissory notes to related parties   60,340    162,443 
Issuance of common stock under equity purchase agreements   42,944    150,000 
Issuance of promissory notes   30,000    -     
Issuance of common stock and warrants   -        45,000 
Repayment of promissory notes and accrued interest  to related parties   (122,000)   (15,000)
Repayment of mortgage loan   (45,000)   (45,000)
Repayment of promissory notes   (30,000)   -     
Finance Lease Obligation Payments   -        (8,625)
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities   659,584    442,818 
Net (Decrease) in Cash   (3,684)   (17,796)
Cash, beginning of period   9,163    29,207 
Cash, end of period  $5,479   $11,411 
           
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:          
Cash paid during the period for interest  $135,960   $80,022 
           
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-cash Financing Activities:          
Conversion of convertible promissory notes  $449,614   $639,700 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

 3 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2017

(All amounts rounded to thousands of dollars)

(Unaudited)

 

1. THE COMPANY AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

 

Nature of Organization

 

Coates International, Ltd. (the “Company” or “CIL”) has acquired the exclusive licensing rights to the patented Coates spherical rotary valve (“CSRV®”) system technology in North America, Central America and South America (the “CSRV® License”). The CSRV® system technology has been developed over a period of more than 20 years by the Company’s founder George J. Coates, President and Chief Executive Officer, and his son Gregory G. Coates. The CSRV® system technology is adaptable for use in piston-driven internal combustion engines of many types and has been patented in the United States and numerous countries throughout the world. The Company is endeavoring to raise working capital to commence production of hydrogen gas and natural gas powered CSRV® industrial electric power generator sets (“Gen Sets)” and is also seeking to enter into sublicense agreements with third party, original equipment manufacturers (“OEM’s”) which provide for licensing fees. The Company is also continuing with research and development of a hydrogen reactor to harvest Hydroxy-Gas from water with the intent to power the Company’s products, including large industrial Gen Sets. George J. Coates, owner of the hydrogen reactor technology, has committed to license this technology to the Company once the related patent protection is in place.

 

Management believes that the CSRV® engines provide the following advantages as compared to conventional internal combustion engines designed with “poppet valves”:

 

Improved fuel efficiency
Lower levels of harmful emissions
Adaptability to numerous types of engine fuels
Longer engine life
Longer intervals between engine servicing

 

The CSRV® system technology is designed to replace the intake and exhaust conventional “poppet valves” currently used in almost all piston-driven, automotive, truck, motorcycle, marine and electric power generator engines, among others. Unlike conventional valves which protrude into the engine combustion chamber, the CSRV® system technology utilizes spherical valves that rotate in a cavity formed between a two-piece cylinder head. The CSRV® system technology utilizes significantly fewer moving parts than conventional poppet valve assemblies. As a result of these design improvements, management believes that engines incorporating the CSRV® system technology (“CSRV® Engines”) will last significantly longer and will require less lubrication over the life of the engine, as compared to conventional engines. In addition, CSRV® Engines can be designed with larger openings into the engine cylinder than with conventional valves so that more fuel and air can be inducted into, and expelled from the cylinder in a shorter period of time. Larger valve openings permit higher revolutions-per-minute (RPM’s) and permit higher compression ratios with lower combustion chamber temperatures, allowing the Coates Engine® to produce more power than equivalent conventional engines. The extent to which CSRV® Engines operating with the CSRV® system technology achieve (i) higher RPM’s, (ii) greater volumetric efficiency and (iii) thermal efficiency than conventional engines, is a function of the engine design and application.

 

 4 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying condensed financial statements include the accounts of the Company. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Certain prior period amounts in the condensed financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

 

These condensed financial statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual financial statements and the notes thereto included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and the Company’s quarterly financial statements and the notes thereto included in its Quarterly Reports.

 

Since the Company’s inception, the Company has been responsible for the development costs of the CSRV® technology in order to optimize the value of the licensing rights and has incurred related operational costs, the bulk of which have been funded primarily through cash generated from licensing fees, sales of stock, short term convertible promissory notes, capital contributions, loans made by George J. Coates, Bernadette Coates, his spouse, Gregory G. Coates and certain directors, fees received from research and development of prototype models and a small number of CSRV® engine generator sales. The Company has incurred substantial cumulative losses from operations since its inception. Losses from operations are expected to continue until the CSRV® Engines® are successfully introduced into the marketplace enabling the Company to generate substantial sales and/or receive substantial licensing revenues. These losses from operations were primarily related to research and development of the Company’s intellectual property rights, patent filing and maintenance costs and general and administrative expenses. The Company has also reported substantial non-cash expenses for stock-based compensation, remeasurement of the estimated fair value of embedded derivative liabilities related to convertible promissory notes issued and interest expense and losses on conversion of convertible promissory notes.

 

As shown in the accompanying financial statements, the Company has incurred recurring losses from operations and, as of September 30, 2017, had a stockholders’ deficiency of ($5,910,000). In addition, the recent trading price range of the Company’s common stock at a fraction of a penny has introduced additional difficulty to the Company’s challenge to secure needed additional working capital. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management has instituted a cost control program intended to restrict variable costs to only those expenses that are necessary to complete its activities related to entering the production phase of operations, develop additional commercially feasible applications of the CSRV® system technology, seek additional sources of working capital and cover general and administrative costs in support of such activities. The Company has been actively undertaking efforts to secure new sources of working capital. At September 30, 2017, the Company had negative working capital of ($6,147,000) compared with negative working capital of ($5,411,000) at the end of 2016.

 

The Company continues to actively seek out new sources of working capital; however, there can be no assurance that it will be successful in these efforts. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

 

 5 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

Inventory

 

Inventory consists of raw materials and work-in-process, including overhead. Effective January 2017, the Company adopted the accounting guidance of Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-11, “Inventory – Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (Topic 330), on a prospective basis. Pursuant to this update, inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Prior thereto, inventory was stated at the lower of cost or market. This change in 2017 did not have a material effect on the reported inventory values. Inventory is accounted for on the first-in, first-out method.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These significant estimates include determining the fair value of convertible promissory notes containing embedded derivatives and variable conversion rates, determining a value for shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued, assigning useful lives to the Company’s property, plant and equipment, determining an appropriate amount to reserve for obsolete and slow moving inventory, estimating a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, assigning expected lives to, and estimating the rate of forfeitures of, stock options granted and selecting a trading price volatility factor for the Company’s common stock in order to estimate the fair value of the Company’s stock options on the date of grant or other appropriate measurement date. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

2. CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT AND BUSINESS RISK

 

The Company maintains cash balances with one financial institution. Monies on deposit are fully insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

 

The Company’s operations are devoted to the development, application, licensing and marketing of the CSRV® system technology which was invented by George J. Coates, the Company’s founder, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, President and controlling stockholder. Development efforts have been conducted continuously during this time. From July 1982 through May 1993, seven U.S. patents as well as a number of foreign patents were issued with respect to the CSRV® system technology. Since inception of the Company in 1988, all aspects of the business have been completely dependent upon the activities of George J. Coates. The loss of George J. Coates’ availability or service due to death, incapacity or otherwise would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business and operations. The Company does not presently have any key-man life insurance in force for Mr. Coates.

 

3. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

 

Cash, Other Assets, Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities and Other Liabilities

 

With the exception of convertible promissory notes, the carrying amount of these items approximates their fair value because of the short term maturity of these instruments. The convertible promissory notes are reported at their estimated fair value, determined as described in more detail in Note 15.

 

 6 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

Limitations

 

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

 

4. LICENSING AGREEMENT AND DEFERRED LICENSING COSTS

 

The Company holds a manufacturing, use, lease and sale license from George J. Coates and Gregory G. Coates for the CSRV® system technology in the territory defined as the Western Hemisphere (the “License Agreement”). Under the License Agreement, George J. Coates and Gregory G. Coates granted to the Company an exclusive, perpetual, royalty-free, fully paid-up license to the patented intellectual property that specifically relates to an internal combustion engine that incorporates the CSRV® system technology (the “CSRV® Engine”) and that is currently owned or controlled by them (the “CSRV® Intellectual Property”), plus any CSRV® Intellectual Property that is developed by them during their employment with the Company. In the event of insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company, the licensed rights would terminate and ownership would revert back to George J. Coates and Gregory G. Coates.

 

Under the License Agreement, George J. Coates and Gregory G. Coates agreed that they will not grant any Western Hemisphere licenses to any other party with respect to the CSRV® Intellectual Property.

 

At September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, deferred licensing costs, comprised of expenditures for patent costs incurred pursuant to the CSRV® licensing agreement, net of accumulated amortization, amounted to $35,000 and $38,000, respectively. Amortization expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $1,000 and $1,000, respectively. Amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $3,000 and $3,000, respectively.

 

5. AGREEMENT ASSIGNED TO ALMONT ENERGY, INC.

 

In 2010, Almont Energy Inc. (“Almont”), a privately held, independent third-party entity based in Alberta, Canada became the assignee of a sublicense which covers the use of the CSRV® system technology in the territory of Canada in the oil and gas industry (the “Canadian License”). This sublicense is currently inactive because the parties have not fulfilled their obligations thereunder due to the Company’s delay in starting up production and delivery of CSRV® products to Almont. The parties mutually agreed to consider the basis on which the license could be reactivated at such time that the Company is successful in starting up its manufacturing operations.

 

In prior years, the Company received a non-refundable $300,000 deposit on the Canadian License. As the Company continues to be desirous of commencing shipments of its CSRV® products to Almont under the sublicense at such time that it is able to start up production operations, it has continued to amortize this deposit into income over the period until expiration of the last CSRV® system technology patent in force. At September, 2017, amortization of the unamortized balance is as follows:

 

Year Ending  Amount 
2017  $5,000 
2018   19,000 
2019   19,000 
2020   19,000 
2021   19,000 
Thereafter   94,000 
   $175,000 

 

 7 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

6. NON-EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTION SUBLICENSE WITH RENOWN POWER DEVELOPMENT, LTD.

 

In February 2015, the Company granted a non-exclusive distribution sublicense to Renown Power Development, Ltd., a China-based sales and distribution company (“Renown”) covering the territory defined as the Western Hemisphere. Under this sublicense, Renown will be permitted to sell, lease and distribute CSRV® products. Renown intends to source CSRV® products from Coates Power, Ltd., a China-based company formed for the purpose of manufacturing CSRV® products (“Coates Power”). Coates Power has not been able to commence operations due to ongoing delays in obtaining necessary support and approval from the Chinese government in spite of continuing efforts by Renown to do so on its behalf. This has been and continues to be a long, arduous process because the government is addressing this at a very slow pace. As of September 30, 2017, the Company has only received an initial non-refundable deposit of $500,000. In addition, after Renown receives aggregate cash flow of $10,000,000, it is required to pay the Company 25% of all funds it receives from any and all sources, until it fully pays the contractual licensing fee. Until Coates Power can begin production of CSRV® products for Renown, the Company will not receive any further monies from its sublicense with Renown.

 

At this time, as the Company’s intellectual property rights only cover the territory of North America, it does not have any rights to enter into a manufacturing and sale license agreement with Coates Power. These rights are currently held by George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and The Coates Trust, a trust controlled by George J. Coates. Coates Power and Renown are controlled and managed by Mr. James Pang, the Company’s liaison agent in China.

 

The Company received a $131,000 cash deposit with an order from Coates Power to produce two Gen Sets. This amount is included in Deposits in the accompanying balance sheets at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The Company intends to build and ship these two generators at such time that Coates Power is able to commence production in accordance with the manufacturing license agreement and there is sufficient working capital for this purpose.

 

7. INVENTORY

 

Inventory consisted of the following:

 

   September 30,
2017
   December 31,
2016
 
Raw materials  $178,000   $178,000 
Work-in-process   13,000    13,000 
Total  $191,000   $191,000 

 

8. LICENSE DEPOSITS

 

License deposits consist of monies received as deposits on sublicense agreements, primarily comprised of deposits from Renown in the amount of $498,000 and from Almont in the amount of $300,000. These deposits are being recognized as income on a straight-line basis over the remaining period until expiration of the last remaining CSRV® patent in force in 2027. Through September 30, 2017, the Company has recognized a total of $125,000 of the Almont deposit as revenue. The Company expects that sublicense-related activities by Renown may commence within the next twelve months and that it will begin recognizing revenue at that time. Recognition of revenue from the Almont license is included in the statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. The current portion of the license deposits represents the portion of the license deposits expected to be recognized as revenue within one year from the balance sheet date. The balance of the license deposits is included in non-current license deposits.

 

In December 2016, the Company entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with a group of companies under common ownership referred to as the Secure Supplies Companies (“Secure Supplies”). Under this sublicense agreement, Secure Supplies intended to procure a substantial number of large industrial CSRV® electric power generators powered by hydrogen gas. Secure Supplies was in default under the sublicense agreement for failure to pay the licensing fee that was due upon signing. On the basis of repeated promises made by Secure Supplies, the Company did not exercise its right until September 2017 to declare Secure Supplies in default and cancel the sublicense agreement. In the event that Secure Supplies is able to adequately fund its operating plan, the Company would consider entering into a new, non-exclusive sublicense agreement. The Company intends to sublicense hydrogen powered CSRV® electric power generators to other interested third parties on a non-exclusive basis.

 

 8 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

Sublicensing fee revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $5,000 and $5,000, respectively. Sublicensing fee revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $14,000 and $14,000, respectively.

 

9. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

 

Property, plant and equipment at cost, less accumulated depreciation, consists of the following:

 

   September 30,
2017
   December 31,
2016
 
Land  $1,235,000   $1,235,000 
Building   964,000    964,000 
Building improvements   83,000    83,000 
Machinery and equipment   689,000    689,000 
Furniture and fixtures   57,000    57,000 
    3,028,000    3.028,000 
Less:  Accumulated depreciation   (985,000)   (952,000)
      Total  $2,043,000   $2,076,000 

 

Depreciation expense amounted to $11,000 and $11,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Depreciation expense amounted to $33,000 and $33,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

 

10. MORTGAGE LOAN PAYABLE

 

The Company has a mortgage loan on the land and building that serves as its headquarters and research and development facility which bears interest at the rate of 7.5% per annum and matures in July 2018. Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $25,000 and $26,000, respectively. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $75,000 and $78,000, respectively. The loan requires monthly payments of interest, plus $5,000 which is being applied to the principal balance. The remaining principal balance at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was $1,288,000 and $1,333,000, respectively. The mortgage loan may be prepaid in whole, or, in part, at any time without penalty.

 

The loan is collateralized by a security interest in all of the Company’s assets, the pledge of five million shares of common stock of the Company owned by George J. Coates, which were deposited into escrow for the benefit of the lender and the personal guarantee of George J. Coates. The Company is not permitted to create or permit any secondary mortgage or similar liens on the property or improvements thereon without prior consent of the lender.

 

 9 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

11. FINANCE LEASE OBLIGATION

 

In August 2013, the Company entered into a sale/leaseback financing arrangement pursuant to which it sold its research and development and manufacturing equipment in consideration for net cash proceeds of $133,000. This lease terminated in February 2016, upon which the Company reacquired title to the equipment. The effective interest rate on this lease was 36.6%.

 

In accordance with GAAP, this sale/leaseback was required to be accounted for as a financing lease. Under this accounting method, the equipment and accumulated depreciation remained on the Company’s books and records as if the Company still owned the equipment.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, interest expense amounted to $-0- and $-0-, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, interest expense amounted to $-0- and $2,000, respectively. These amounts are included in interest expense in the accompanying statements of operations.

 

12. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities are as follows:

 

   September 30,
2017
   December 31,
2016
 
Legal and professional fees  $1,402,000   $1,452,000 
Accrued interest expense   549,000    502,000 
General and administrative expenses   382,000    392,000 
Research and development costs   115,000    115,000 
Total  $2,448,000   $2,461,000 

 

13. PROMISSORY NOTES TO RELATED PARTIES

 

Promissory Notes Issued to George J. Coates

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company issued, in a series of transactions, promissory notes to George J. Coates and received cash proceeds of $24,000 and $162,000, respectively and repaid promissory notes to George J. Coates in the aggregate principal amount of $23,000 and $15,000, respectively. Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $13,000 and $5,000, respectively. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $38,000 and $30,000, respectively.

 

In May 2016, by mutual consent, Mr. Coates converted $100,000 of principal and interest into 90,909,091 restricted shares of common stock at the closing trading price of the stock on the date of conversion of $0.0011 per share.

 

In July 2016, by mutual consent, George J. Coates converted $120,000 of principal and interest into 200,000,000 restricted shares of common stock at the closing trading price of the stock on the date of conversion of $0.0006 per share.

 

In August 2016, by mutual consent, George J. Coates converted $252,000 of principal and interest into 279,549,056 restricted shares of common stock at the closing trading price of the stock on the date of conversion of $0.0009 per share.

 

In December 2016, by mutual agreement between Mr. Coates and the Company, the prior conversion of $315,000 of accrued interest into shares of common stock, was rescinded. As a result, $315,000 was reinstated as accrued interest due to Mr. Coates and 359,139,789 shares of common stock issued to Mr. Coates were canceled.

 

The promissory notes are payable on demand and provide for interest at the rate of 17% per annum, compounded monthly. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the outstanding principal balance was $5,000 and $4,000, respectively.

 

 10 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

Promissory Note Issued to Gregory G. Coates

 

The Company has a non-interest bearing promissory note due to Gregory G. Coates which is payable on demand. Interest is being imputed on this promissory note at the rate of 10% per annum. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company, partially repaid $20,000 and $-0-, respectively of this promissory note. Imputed interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, amounted to $36,000 and $36,000, respectively. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, amounted to $107,000 and $108,000, respectively. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the outstanding principal balance was $1,418,000 and $1,438,000, respectively.

 

Promissory Notes Issued to Bernadette Coates

 

During the nine months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company issued promissory notes to Bernadette Coates, spouse of George J. Coates and received cash proceeds of $36,000 and $-0-, respectively. The Company repaid promissory notes to Bernadette Coates in the principal amount of $31,000 and $-0-, respectively. The promissory notes are payable on demand and provide for interest at the rate of 17% per annum, compounded monthly. Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $4,000 and $3,000, respectively. Interest expense for the nine months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $11,000 and $10,000, respectively. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the outstanding principal balance was $13,000 and $8,000, respectively.

 

Promissory Note Issued to Employee

 

The Company issued a promissory note to an employee which is payable on demand and provides for interest at the rate of 17% per annum, compounded monthly. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the outstanding principal balance was $5,000 and $5,000, respectively. 

 

Unpaid accrued interest on these promissory notes amounting to $395,000 is included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the accompanying balance sheet at September 30, 2017.

 

14. PROMISSORY NOTES

 

In March 2017, the Company issued a $25,000 promissory note with a maturity date of May 13, 2017. Interest was payable upon maturity in the form of 10,000,000 shares of unregistered, restricted shares of the Company's common stock. In addition, the Company agreed to extend warrants held by the lender to purchase 10,839,752 shares of common stock that were scheduled to expire in 2017 for an additional five years and modify the exercise price to $0.0015 per share. On May 5, 2017 the Company prepaid the note in full and issued 8,688,525 shares of its common stock representing the prorated number of shares for interest on the note, as a result of the prepayment. Interest expense of $4,000 was recorded for issuance of these shares based on the closing trading price on the date of issuance.

 

On April 14, 2017 the Company issued a 25%, $5,000 promissory note due June 12, 2017 to the same lender which was prepaid on April 25, 2017 together with accrued interest thereon.

 

15. CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTES AND EMBEDDED DERIVATIVE LIABILITY

 

From time to time, the Company issues convertible promissory notes, the proceeds of which are used for general working capital purposes. At September 30, 2017, there was $209,000 principal amount of convertible promissory notes outstanding. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, $778,000 and $165,000 of convertible promissory notes were issued, respectively. Outstanding notes may be converted into unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock at a discount ranging from 30% to 39% of the defined trading price of the common stock on the date of conversion. The defined trading prices are based on the trading price of the stock during a defined period ranging from ten to twenty-five trading days immediately preceding the date of conversion. The conversion rate discount establishes a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) or unamortized discount, which is required to be valued and accreted to interest expense over the six-month period until the conversion of the notes into restricted shares of common stock is permitted. In addition, the conversion formula meets the conditions that require accounting for convertible notes as derivative liability instruments. The effective interest rate on the outstanding convertible notes at September 30, 2017 was 147%. The unamortized discount on the outstanding convertible notes at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 amounted to $82,000 and $62,000, respectively.

 

 11 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

The convertible notes generally become convertible, in whole, or in part, beginning on the six month anniversary of the issuance date and may be prepaid at the option of the Company, with a prepayment penalty ranging from 15% to 50% of the principal amount of the convertible note at any time prior to becoming eligible for conversion.

 

One convertible promissory note with an aggregate outstanding balance of $55,000 is convertible in monthly installments in an amount determined by the noteholder, plus accrued interest. The Company may elect, at its option to repay each monthly installment in whole, or in part, in cash, without penalty. The amount of each installment not paid in cash is converted into shares of the Company’s common stock. This convertible note also requires that the conversion price be re-measured 23 trading days after the conversion shares are originally delivered. If the re-measured conversion price is lower, then the Company is required to issue additional conversion shares to the noteholder.

 

In accordance with GAAP, the estimated fair value of the embedded derivative liability related to the convertible notes is required to be remeasured at each balance sheet date. The fair value measurement accounting standard establishes a valuation hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used, when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on independent market data sources. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available. The valuation hierarchy is composed of three categories, which are as follows:

 

Level 1 – Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2 – Inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

 

Level 3 – Inputs to the fair value measurement are unobservable inputs or valuation techniques.

 

The estimated fair value of the embedded derivative liabilities related to promissory notes outstanding was measured as the aggregate estimated fair value, based on Level 2 inputs, which included quoted daily yield curve rates of treasury securities with comparable maturities and, because the actual volatility rate on the Company’s common stock is not available, a conservative estimated volatility rate of 200%.

 

The embedded derivative liability arises because, based on historical trading patterns of the Company’s stock, the formula for determining the Conversion Rate is expected to result in a different Conversion Rate than the closing price of the stock on the actual date of conversion (hereinafter referred to as the “Variable Conversion Rate Differential”). The estimated fair values of the derivative liabilities have been calculated based on a Black-Scholes option pricing model.

 

The following table presents the Company's fair value hierarchy of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value at:

 

   September 30, 2017   December 31, 2016 
         
Level 1 Inputs  $-       $-     
Level 2 Inputs   435,000    153,000 
Level 3 Inputs   -        -     
Total  $435,000   $153,000 

 

 12 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

In a series of transactions, during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $604,000, including accrued interest thereon were converted into 2,962,152,695 unregistered shares of common stock. The Company incurred a loss on these conversions amounting to $245,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

 

In a series of transactions, during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $665,000, including accrued interest thereon were converted into 1,209,182,017 unregistered shares of common stock. The Company incurred a loss on these conversions amounting to $125,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

 

At September 30, 2017, the Company had reserved 3,188,592,382 shares of its unissued common stock for conversion of convertible promissory notes. At September 30, 2017, none of the Company’s outstanding convertible notes were eligible for conversion.

 

The Company made the private placement of these securities in reliance upon Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), Rule 506 of Regulation D, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and/or upon any other exemption from the registration requirements of the Act, as applicable.

 

16. CAPITAL STOCK

 

Common Stock

 

The Company’s common stock is traded on OTC Pink Sheets. Investors can find stock quotes and market information for the Company at www.otcmarkets.com under the ticker symbol COTE. Effective June 17, 2016, the Company amended its Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock, par value, $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”) to 12,000,000,000.

 

The following common stock transactions occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

 

In a series of transactions, convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $604,000, including accrued interest thereon were converted into 2,962,152,695 unregistered shares of common stock.

 

Barry C. Kaye converted 1,372 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series B”) into 1,372,000 unregistered, restricted shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

The Company issued 8,688,525 shares of common stock in payment of interest on a $25,000 promissory note as more fully discussed in Note 14.

 

The following common stock transactions occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2016:

 

In a series of transactions, convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $665,000, including accrued interest thereon were converted into 1,209,182,017 unregistered shares of common stock.

 

In a series of transactions, the Company issued 87,892,603 registered shares of its common stock to Southridge Partners II LP (“Southridge”) under an equity purchase agreement, as discussed in Note 21, in consideration for $150,000. The proceeds were used for general working capital. The Company is required to deliver shares of its common stock to Southridge with each Put Notice based on the dollar amount of the Put Notice and the trading price of the common stock.

 

 13 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

The Company made private sales, pursuant to stock purchase agreements, of 55,000,000 unregistered shares of its common stock and 55,000,000 common stock warrants to purchase one unregistered share of its common stock at exercise prices ranging from $0.0005 to $0.001 per share, in consideration for $45,000.

 

In a series of transactions by mutual consent between the Company and George J. Coates, $472,000 principal amount of promissory notes, including accrued interest, were converted into 570,458,147 restricted, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock at conversion rates ranging from $0.0006 to $0.0011 per share, which was the closing trading price of the stock on the respective dates of conversion.

 

Preferred Stock and anti-dilution rights

 

The Company is authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value, $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”). The Company may issue any class of the Preferred Stock in any series. The board is authorized to establish and designate series, and to fix the number of shares included in each such series and the relative rights, preferences and limitations as between series, provided that, if the stated dividends and amounts payable on liquidation are not paid in full, the shares of all series of the same class shall share ratably in the payment of dividends including accumulations, if any, in accordance with the sums which would be payable on such shares if all dividends were declared and paid in full and in any distribution of assets other than by way of dividends in accordance with the sums which would be payable on such distribution if all sums payable were discharged in full. Shares of each such series when issued, shall be designated to distinguish the shares of each series from shares of all other series.

 

There are two series of Preferred Stock that have been designated to date from the total 100,000,000 authorized shares of Preferred Stock. These are as follows:

 

Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Series A”), 1,000,000 shares designated, 770,222 and 50,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Shares of Series A entitle the holder to 10,000 votes per share on all matters brought before the shareholders for a vote. These shares are not entitled to receive dividends or share in distributions of capital and have no liquidation preference. All outstanding shares of Series A are owned by George J. Coates.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company issued 670,222 shares of Series A Preferred Stock to George J. Coates representing anti-dilution shares to restore Mr. Coates’ percentage of eligible votes to 85.7%. This percentage increased during the year ended December 31, 2016 as a result of Mr. Coates’ acquisition of 211,318,358 shares of common stock upon conversion of promissory notes from the Company which he held with a principal amount of $157,000 and 115,006,000 shares of common stock upon conversion of 115,006 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Series B”).

  

 14 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued) 

 

Series B, 75,000,000 shares designated, 36,054,423 and 16,252,584 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Shares of Series B do not earn any dividends and may be converted at the option of the holder at any time beginning on the second annual anniversary date after the date of issuance into 1,000 unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock. Holders of Series B are entitled to one thousand votes per share held, on all matters brought before the shareholders for a vote. 

 

In the event that either (i) the Company enters into an underwriting agreement for a secondary public offering of securities, or (ii) a change in control of the Company is consummated representing 50% more of the then outstanding shares of Company’s common stock, plus the number of shares of common stock into which any convertible preferred stock is convertible, regardless of whether or not such shares are otherwise eligible for conversion, then the Series B may be immediately converted at the option of the holder into restricted shares of the Company’s common stock. 

 

The Company provides anti-dilution protection for certain of its key employees. For each new share of common stock issued by the Company to non-Coates family members in the future, additional shares of Series B will be issued to maintain their fixed ownership percentage of the Company. The fixed ownership percentage is adjusted for acquisitions and dispositions of common stock not related to conversions of Series B by these key employees. At September 30, 2017, the fixed ownership percentages were as follows:

 

George J. Coates – 80.63%
Gregory G. Coates – 6.10%
Barry C. Kaye – 0.048%

  

These anti-dilution provisions do not apply to new shares of common stock issued in connection with exercises of employee stock options, a secondary public offering of the Company’s securities or a merger or acquisition.

   

The following presents by year, the number of shares of Series B held and the year that they become eligible for conversion into shares of common stock, as of September 30, 2017.

 

   Total   2017   2018   2019 
George J. Coates   33,308,066    3,135,357    11,766,624    18,406,085 
Gregory G. Coates   2,551,137    224,975    872,014    1,454,148 
Barry C. Kaye   195,220    13,063    68,266    113,891 
     Total   36,054,423    3,373,395    12,706,904    19,974,124 

  

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, 18,406,085, 1,454,148 and 113,891 shares of Series B were issued to George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and Barry C. Kaye, respectively, having an estimated fair value of $4,511,000, $370,000 and $29,000, respectively. These amounts were included in stock-based compensation expense in the accompanying statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, 11,766,624, 772,645 and 60,487 shares of Series B were issued to George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and Barry C. Kaye, respectively, having an estimated fair value of $6,749,000, $447,000 and $35,000, respectively. These amounts were included in stock-based compensation expense in the accompanying statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

 

 15 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, Barry C. Kaye converted 1,372 shares of Series B into 1,372,000 unregistered, restricted shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

In the event that all of the 36,054,423 shares of Series B outstanding at September 30, 2017 were converted, once the conversion restrictions lapse, an additional 36,054,423,000 new restricted shares of common stock would be issued. On a pro forma basis, based on the number of shares of common stock outstanding at September 30, 2017, this would dilute the ownership percentage of non-affiliated stockholders from 89.8% to 12.8%.

 

To the extent that additional shares of Series B are issued under the anti-dilution plan, the non-affiliated stockholders’ percentage ownership of the Company would be further diluted.

 

17. UNEARNED REVENUE

 

Unearned revenue at September 30, 2017, consisted of the following:

 

A deposit received with an order for two CSRV® Gen Sets from Coates Power, Ltd., a China-based unaffiliated manufacturing company in the amount of $131,000.

 

A $19,000 non-refundable deposit from Almont in connection with its order for a natural gas fueled electric power CSRV® engine generator.

 

18. SUBLICENSING FEE REVENUE

 

Sublicensing fee revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $5,000 and $5,000, respectively. Sublicensing fee revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $14,000 and $14,000, respectively. The Company is recognizing the license deposit of $300,000 on the Canadian License as revenue on a straight-line basis over the approximate remaining life until 2027 of the last CSRV® technology patent in force.

 

19. LOSS PER SHARE

 

At September 30, 2017, there were stock warrants outstanding to purchase 150,344,911 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $0.0005 to $0.675 per share and vested stock options outstanding to acquire 12,470,000 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $0.028 to $0.44 per share. None of the convertible promissory notes outstanding were eligible for conversion.

 

At September 30, 2016, there were stock warrants outstanding to purchase 90,344,911 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $0.0005 to $0.12 per share, vested stock options outstanding to acquire 12,470,000 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $0.028 to $0.44 per share and $50,000 of convertible promissory notes eligible for conversion, which on a pro forma basis, assuming they would have been converted on September 30, 2016, would have been convertible into 100,531,899 shares of common stock.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, none of the potentially issuable shares of common stock were assumed to be converted because the Company incurred a net loss in those periods and the effect of including them in the calculation of earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive.

 

 16 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

20. STOCK OPTIONS

 

The Company’s 2006 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “Stock Plan”) was adopted by the Company’s board in October 2006. In September 2007, the Stock Plan, by consent of George J. Coates, majority shareholder, was adopted by our shareholders. The Stock Plan provides for the grant of stock-based awards to employees, officers and directors of, and consultants or advisors to, the Company and its subsidiaries, if any. Under the Stock Plan, the Company may grant options that are intended to qualify as incentive stock options within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“ISO’s”), options not intended to qualify as incentive stock options (“non-statutory options”), restricted stock and other stock-based awards. ISO’s may be granted only to employees of the Company. All of the shares of common stock authorized under the Stock Plan have been granted and no further grants may be awarded thereunder.

 

The Company established a 2014 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2014 Stock Plan”) which was adopted by the Company’s board on May 30, 2014. On March 2, 2015, the 2014 Stock Plan, by consent of George J. Coates, majority shareholder, was adopted by our shareholders. The 2014 Stock Plan provides for the grant of stock-based awards to employees, officers and directors of, and consultants or advisors to, the Company and its subsidiaries, if any. Under the 2014 Stock Plan, the Company may grant ISO’s, non-statutory options, restricted stock and other stock-based awards. ISO’s may be granted only to employees of the Company. A total of 50,000,000 shares of common stock may be issued upon the exercise of options or other awards granted under the 2014 Stock Plan. The maximum number of shares with respect to which awards may be granted during any one year to any employee under the 2014 Stock Plan shall not exceed 25% of the 50,000,000 shares of common stock covered by the 2014 Stock Plan. At June 30, 2017, none of the shares of common stock authorized under the 2014 Stock Plan had been granted as stock options or awards.

 

The Stock Plan and the 2014 Stock Plan (the “Stock Plans”) are administered by the board and the Compensation Committee. Subject to the provisions of the Stock Plans, the board and the Compensation Committee each has the authority to select the persons to whom awards are granted and determine the terms of each award, including the number of shares of common stock subject to the award. Payment of the exercise price of an award may be made in cash, in a “cashless exercise” through a broker, or if the applicable stock option agreement permits, shares of common stock, or by any other method approved by the board or Compensation Committee. Unless otherwise permitted by the Company, awards are not assignable or transferable except by will or the laws of descent and distribution.

 

Upon the consummation of an acquisition of the business of the Company, by merger or otherwise, the board shall, as to outstanding awards (on the same basis or on different bases as the board shall specify), make appropriate provision for the continuation of such awards by the Company or the assumption of such awards by the surviving or acquiring entity and by substituting on an equitable basis for the shares then subject to such awards either (a) the consideration payable with respect to the outstanding shares of common stock in connection with the acquisition, (b) shares of stock of the surviving or acquiring corporation, or (c) such other securities or other consideration as the board deems appropriate, the fair market value of which (as determined by the board in its sole discretion) shall not materially differ from the fair market value of the shares of common stock subject to such awards immediately preceding the acquisition. In addition to, or in lieu of the foregoing, with respect to outstanding stock options, the board may, on the same basis or on different bases as the board shall specify, upon written notice to the affected optionees, provide that one or more options then outstanding must be exercised, in whole or in part, within a specified number of days of the date of such notice, at the end of which period such options shall terminate, or provide that one or more options then outstanding, in whole or in part, shall be terminated in exchange for a cash payment equal to the excess of the fair market value (as determined by the board in its sole discretion) for the shares subject to such stock options over the exercise price thereof. Unless otherwise determined by the board (on the same basis or on different bases as the board shall specify), any repurchase rights or other rights of the Company that relate to a stock option or other award shall continue to apply to consideration, including cash, that has been substituted, assumed or amended for a stock option or other award pursuant to these provisions. The Company may hold in escrow all or any portion of any such consideration in order to effectuate any continuing restrictions.

 

 17 

 

 

Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

The board may at any time provide that any stock options shall become immediately exercisable in full or in part, that any restricted stock awards shall be free of some or all restrictions, or that any other stock-based awards may become exercisable in full or in part or free of some or all restrictions or conditions, or otherwise realizable in full or in part, as the case may be.

 

The board or Compensation Committee may, in its sole discretion, amend, modify or terminate any award granted or made under the Stock Plan, so long as such amendment, modification or termination would not materially and adversely affect the participant.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, no stock options were granted. There were no unvested stock options outstanding at September 30, 2017.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not incur any stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options. At September 30, 2017, all stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding stock options had been fully recognized.

 

Details of the stock options outstanding under the Company’s Stock Option Plans are as follows:

 

   Exercise Price Per
Share
   Number
Outstanding
   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
   Number
Exercisable
   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Weighted
Average Fair
Value Per Stock
Option at Date of
Grant
 
Balance, 9/30/17  $0.028 – $0.44    12,470,000    9    12,470,000   $0.182   $0.169 

 

No stock options were exercised, forfeited or expired during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

 

The weighted average fair value of the Company's stock options was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model which requires highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. These assumptions were as follows:

 

 ● Historical stock price volatility   139% - 325%
 ● Risk-free interest rate   0.21% - 4.64%
 ● Expected life (in years)   4
 ● Dividend yield   $0.00

 

The valuation assumptions were determined as follows:

 

Historical stock price volatility: The Company utilized the volatility in the trading of its common stock computed for the 12 months of trading immediately preceding the date of grant.
   
Risk-free interest rate: The Company bases the risk-free interest rate on the interest rate payable on U.S. Treasury securities in effect at the time of the grant for a period that is commensurate with the assumed expected option life.
   
Expected life: The expected life of the options represents the period of time options are expected to be outstanding. The Company has very limited historical data on which to base this estimate. Accordingly, the Company estimated the expected life based on its assumption that the executives will be subject to frequent blackout periods during the time that the stock options will be exercisable and based on the Company’s expectation that it will complete its research and development phase and commence its initial production phase. The vesting period of these options was also considered in the determination of the expected life of each stock option grant.
   
No expected dividends.

 

 18 

 

 

 Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

21. EQUITY PURCHASE AND REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENTS

 

In July 2015, the Company entered into an equity purchase agreement (the “EP Agreement”) with Southridge Partners II LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“Southridge”). Pursuant to the terms of the EP Agreement, Southridge committed to purchase up to 205,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at 94% of the lowest closing price of the common stock during the ten trading days that comprise the defined pricing period. In December 2016, the EP Agreement automatically terminated because Southridge had purchased all 205,000,000 registered shares of common stock under the EP Agreement.

 

The Company filed a registration statement with the SEC covering 205,000,000 shares of common stock underlying the EP Agreement, which was declared effective in August 2015.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company received proceeds of $43,000 under the EP Agreement relating to 76,141,381 registered shares of common stock sold to Southridge in December 2016. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company sold 87,892,603 registered shares of common stock to Southridge and received proceeds of $150,000 under the EP Agreement.

 

22. INCOME TAXES

 

Deferred income taxes are determined using the liability method for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and income tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Deferred income taxes are measured based on the tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences are included in the Company’s tax return. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on anticipated future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.

 

Deferred tax assets increased by $701,000 and $1,750,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Deferred tax assets increased by $2,151,000 and $3,145,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. These amounts were fully offset by a corresponding increase in the tax valuation allowance resulting in no net change in deferred tax assets, respectively, during these periods.

 

No liability for unrecognized tax benefits was required to be reported at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.  Based on the Company's evaluation, it has concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Company's financial statements. The Company's evaluation was performed for tax years ended 2014 through 2016, the only periods subject to examination. The Company believes that its income tax positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and does not anticipate that adjustments, if any, will result in a material change to its financial position. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, there were no penalties or interest related to the Company’s income tax returns.

 

At September 30, 2017, the Company had available, $20,485,000 of net operating loss carryforwards which may be used to reduce future federal taxable income, expiring between 2018 and 2037 and $10,040,000 of net operating loss carryforwards which may be used to reduce future state taxable income, expiring between 2029 and 2037.

 

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Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

23. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

Issuances and Repayments of Promissory Notes to Related Parties

 

Issuances and repayments of promissory notes to related parties during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, are discussed in detail in Note 13.

 

Issuances of Preferred Stock

 

Shares of Series A Preferred Stock awarded to George J. Coates and Shares of Series B awarded to George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and Barry C. Kaye during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 are discussed in detail in Note 16.

 

Personal Guaranty and Stock Pledge

 

In connection with the Company’s mortgage loan, George J. Coates has pledged certain of his shares of common stock of the Company to the extent required by the lender and provided a personal guaranty as additional collateral for a mortgage loan on the Company’s headquarters facility.

 

Compensation and Benefits Paid

 

The approximate amount of compensation and benefits, all of which were approved by the board, paid to George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and Bernadette Coates, exclusive of stock-based compensation for unregistered, restricted shares of Preferred Stock awarded to George J. Coates and Gregory G. Coates, is summarized as follows:

 

   For the nine months ended September 30, 
   2017   2016 
George J. Coates (a) (b) (c)  $22,000   $17,000 
Gregory G. Coates (d) (e)   34,000    131,000 
Bernadette Coates (f)   4,000    3,000 

 

(a)For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, George J. Coates earned additional base compensation of $178,000 and $183,000, respectively, payment of which is being deferred until the Company has sufficient working capital. The total amount of deferred compensation included in the accompanying balance sheets at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, was $1,158,000 and $981,000, respectively.

 

(b)During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, George J. Coates was awarded 18,406,085 and 11,766,624 shares of Series B, respectively, with an estimated fair value of $4,511,000 and $6,749,000, respectively, for anti-dilution.

 

(c)During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, George J. Coates was awarded 670,222 shares of Series A Preferred Stock with an estimated fair value of $17,000, for anti-dilution.

 

(d)For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, Gregory G. Coates earned additional base compensation of $91,000 and $-0-, respectively, payment of which is being deferred until the Company has sufficient working capital. The total amount of deferred compensation included in the accompanying balance sheets at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, was $124,000 and $33,000, respectively.

 

(e)During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, Gregory G. Coates was awarded 1,454,148 and 772,645 shares of Series B, respectively, with an estimated fair value of $370,000 and $447,000, respectively, for anti-dilution.

 

(f)For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, Bernadette Coates earned additional base compensation of $50,000 and $50,000, respectively, payment of which is being deferred until the Company has sufficient working capital. The total amount of deferred compensation included in the accompanying balance sheets at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, was $309,000 and $258,000, respectively.

 

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Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, Barry C. Kaye, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer was paid compensation of $53,000 and $1,000, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, Mr. Kaye earned compensation of $25,000 and $25,000, respectively, which was not paid and is being deferred until the Company has sufficient working capital to remit payment to him. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, Mr. Kaye earned compensation of $85,000 and $74,000, respectively, which was not paid and is being deferred until the Company has sufficient working capital to remit payment to him. Starting in September 2016, the Company agreed to pay Mr. Kaye interest on the balance of his deferred compensation retroactive to when it began being deferred in May 2012. Interest continues to be accrued on the unpaid balance. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, interest accrued on Mr. Kaye’s deferred compensation amounted to $42,000. At September 30, 2017, the total amount of Mr. Kaye’s unpaid, deferred compensation, including accrued interest thereon, was $382,000. This amount is included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the accompanying balance sheet at September 30, 2017. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, Barry C. Kaye was awarded 113,891 and 60,487 shares of Series B, respectively, with an estimated fair value of $29,000 and $35,000, respectively, for anti-dilution.

 

At September 30, 2017, the Company owed deferred compensation to an employee in the amount of $31,000, payment of which is being deferred until the Company has sufficient working capital. This amount is included in deferred compensation in the accompanying balance sheet at September 30, 2017.

 

24. CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s contractual obligations and commitments at September 30, 2017:

 

   Total   2017   2018 
Deferred compensation  $1,622,000   $1,622,000   $-     
Promissory notes to related parties   1,441,000    1,441,000    -     
Mortgage loan payable   1,303,000    60,000    1,243,000 
Convertible promissory notes   209,000    -        209,000 
      Total  $4,575,000   $3,123,000   $1,452,000 

 

25. LITIGATION AND CONTINGENCIES

 

The Company is not a party to any litigation that is material to its business.

 

26. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

 

Revenue Recognition  

 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which amends the existing accounting standards for revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 is based on principles that govern the recognition of revenue at an amount an entity expects to be entitled to when products are transferred to customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Deferral of the Effective Date, which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 for one year and permits early adoption. Accordingly, the Company may adopt the standard in either its first quarter of 2018 or 2019.

 

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing (“ASU 2016-10”), which amends the guidance in ASU 2014-09 related to identifying performance obligations and accounting for licenses of intellectual property. The Company will adopt ASU 2016-10 with ASU 2014-09. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new revenue recognition standard, as amended, but does not expect it to have a material impact on its financial statements.

 

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Coates International, Ltd.
Notes to Financial Statements - (Continued)

 

Stock Compensation

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718), which simplified certain aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income taxes, classification of awards and classification in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new stock compensation standard, but does not expect it to have a material impact on its financial statements.

 

Financial Instruments

 

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10) (“ASU 2016-01”), which updates certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. ASU 2016-01 will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of 2019. The Company does not believe the adoption of the new financial instruments standard will have a material impact on its financial statements.

 

27. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

  

Issuance of Convertible Promissory Notes

 

During the period from October 1, 2017 to November 13, 2017, the Company issued a convertible promissory note and received net proceeds of $36,000, after transaction costs. This note becomes eligible for conversion six months after the funding date into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price 65% of the trading price, as defined, of the Company’s common stock over a specified trading period prior to the date of conversion.

 

Conversion of Convertible Promissory Notes

 

During the period from October 1, 2017 to November 13, 2017, $45,000 principal amount of convertible promissory notes, including accrued interest, was converted into 366,557,377 unregistered, restricted shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

Issuances of Promissory Notes to Related Parties

 

During the period from October 1, 2017 to November 13, 2017, the Company issued promissory notes to Bernadette Coates and received aggregate cash proceeds of $11,000. The promissory notes are payable on demand and provide for interest at the rate of 17% per annum, compounded monthly.

 

Issuance of Anti-dilution shares

 

During the period from October 1, 2017 to November 13, 2017, the Company issued 2,310,878, 174,924 and 13,694 shares of Series B to George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and Barry C. Kaye, respectively, representing anti-dilution shares related to newly issued shares of common stock. The estimated fair value of these shares was $393,000, $28,000 and $2,000, respectively.

 

Deferred Compensation

 

As of November 13, 2017, George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates, Barry C. Kaye and Bernadette Coates agreed to additional deferral of their compensation amounting to $29,000, $9,000, $15,000 and $8,000, respectively.

 

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 

THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION OF OUR PLAN OF OPERATION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS SHOULD BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELATED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INCLUDED ELSEWHERE IN THIS REPORT. THIS DISCUSSION CONTAINS FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS THAT RELATE TO FUTURE EVENTS OR OUR FUTURE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE. THESE STATEMENTS INVOLVE KNOWN AND UNKNOWN RISKS, UNCERTAINTIES AND OTHER FACTORS THAT MAY CAUSE OUR ACTUAL RESULTS, LEVELS OF ACTIVITY, PERFORMANCE OR ACHIEVEMENTS TO BE MATERIALLY DIFFERENT FROM ANY FUTURE RESULTS, LEVELS OF ACTIVITY, PERFORMANCE OR ACHIEVEMENTS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED BY THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. THESE RISKS AND OTHER FACTORS INCLUDE, AMONG OTHERS, THOSE LISTED UNDER “FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS” AND “RISK FACTORS” INCLUDED IN THE COMPANY’S ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016.

 

Background

 

We have completed development of the Coates spherical rotary valve engine (“CSRV®”) system technology. This technology has been successfully applied to natural gas fueled industrial electric power CSRV® generator engines (“Gen Sets”), automobile engines, residential generators and high performance racing car engines. We have also designed and retrofitted the CSRV® system technology into a diesel engine which is suitable for and can be applied to heavy trucks. In 2016, we completed production of an initial next generation 855 cubic inch industrial Gen Set. We are seeking substantial new working capital, and, if acquired, intend to devote a substantial amount of resources further to develop Hydrogen Gen Sets, capable producing up to 1MW of electrical power output. As discussed below in the Section “Going Concern”, we are confronted by a number of challenges in our efforts to raise additional working capital.

 

In December 2016, we entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with a group of companies under common ownership referred to as the Secure Supplies Companies (“Secure Supplies”). Under this sublicense agreement, Secure Supplies intended to procure a substantial number of large industrial CSRV® electric power generators powered by hydrogen gas. Secure Supplies was in default under the sublicense agreement for failure to pay the licensing fee that was due upon signing. On the basis of repeated promises made by Secure Supplies, we did not exercise our right until September 2017, to declare Secure Supplies in default and cancel the sublicense agreement. In the event that Secure Supplies is able to adequately fund its operating plan, we would consider entering into a new non-exclusive sublicense agreement. We also intend to sublicense hydrogen powered CSRV® electric power generators to other interested third parties on a non-exclusive basis.

 

In February 2015, we granted a non-exclusive distribution sublicense to Renown Power Development, Ltd., a China-based sales and distribution company (“Renown”) covering the territory defined as the Western Hemisphere. Under this sublicense, Renown will be permitted to sell, lease and distribute CSRV® products. Renown intends to source CSRV® products from Coates Power, Ltd., a China-based company formed for the purpose of manufacturing CSRV® products (“Coates Power”). Coates Power has not been able to commence operations due to ongoing delays in obtaining necessary support and approval from the Chinese government in spite of continuing efforts by Renown to do so on its behalf. This has been and continues to be a long, arduous process because the government is addressing this at a very slow pace. As of September 30, 2017, the Company has only received the initial non-refundable deposit of $500,000. In addition, after Renown receives aggregate cash flow of $10,000,000, it is required to pay us 25% of all funds it receives from any and all sources, until it fully pays the balance of the contractual licensing fee. Until Coates Power can begin production of CSRV® products for Renown, we will not receive any further monies from our sublicense with Renown.

 

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At this time, as our intellectual property rights only cover the territory of North America, we do not have any rights to enter into a manufacturing and sale license agreement with Coates Power. These rights are currently held by George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and The Coates Trust, a trust controlled by George J. Coates. Coates Power and Renown are controlled and managed by Mr. James Pang, the Company's liaison agent in China.

 

Independent testing on internal combustion engines incorporating the CSRV® system technology indicated the following advantages would be derived from this technology:

 

●      Better fuel efficiency

●      Reduced harmful emissions 

 

Based on more than ten years of operating a Mercedes 300 with an SE 280 engine retrofitted with the CSRV® system technology, the following advantages were demonstrated:

 

●      Longer intervals between engine servicing, and

●      Longer engine life than conventional internal combustion engines.

 

We continue to be engaged in new research and development activities from time-to-time in connection with applying this technology to other commercially feasible internal combustion engine applications and intend to manufacture engines and/or license the CSRV® system technology to third party Original Equipment Manufacturers (“OEM’s”) for multiple other applications and uses.

 

Hydrogen Reactor Technology Owned by George J. Coates

 

George J. Coates has developed a hydrogen reactor which rearranges H2O water molecules into HOH molecules also known as Hydroxy-Gas. Hydroxy-Gas has a different molecular structure than hydrogen gas which will power the Hydrogen Gen Sets. It consists of two hydrogen atoms. The Hydroxy-Gas produced by the hydrogen reactor can then be harvested for use as a type of fuel. While Mr. Coates intends to continue with development of this technology to enable the harvested Hydroxy-Gas to be utilized as the fuel source to power our patented CSRV® engines, development is being intentionally postponed in order to focus on developing Hydrogen Gen Sets. The next phase of this research and development will focus on powering larger, industrial engines. If successful, this application will only require a ready supply of water and would be suitable for stationary engines and generators. Conventional internal combustion engines employing poppet valve assemblies require lubrication and would experience excessive heat and friction if powered with Hydroxy-Gas. This, in turn, would cause the engines to burn out in a rather short period of time. The materials and components of the CSRV® engines do not require such lubrication and because of their design, are able to operate relatively trouble-free on Hydroxy-Gas as the engine fuel. There can be no assurance that this technology can be developed successfully, or that if developed, it will be feasible to penetrate the internal combustion engine market with this technology.

 

We previously agreed to collaborate on the development of this technology with WTF Asia International Ltd. (“WTF Asia”), a Hong Kong-based entity to enable it to be applied to large industrial gen set engines. We have determined that it is no longer feasible to work with WTF Asia due to the owner’s health and concerns with the status of WTF Asia’s technology. The Company intends to independently pursue further development of this technology.

 

We anticipate that application for patent protection of this technology will be filed upon completion of the research and development. Although at this time no arrangements have been made between us and George J. Coates, owner of the technology, regarding licensing of the hydrogen reactor, Mr. Coates has provided his commitment to license this technology to us once the related patent protection is in place. Accordingly, we do not currently have any rights to manufacture, use, sell and distribute the hydrogen reactor technology, should it become commercially feasible to manufacture and distribute products powered by the Hydroxy-Gas fuel. We have been responsible for all costs incurred to date related to the development of this technology.  

 

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Plan of Operation

 

Manufacturing, Sales and Distribution

 

We have completed development of the CSRV® system technology-based generator engine and during 2016 completed retrofitting a next generation Cummins industrial engine with our CSRV® engine technology. This unit is being used to attract new licensing transactions and other manufacturing activities. We will need to raise sufficient new working capital to ramp up our own manufacturing and distribution operations. As discussed above, we also plan to devote substantial resources to development of the Hydrogen Gen Set.

 

We intend to take advantage of the fact that essentially all the parts and components of the CSRV® generator engine may be readily sourced and acquired from U.S. based suppliers and subcontractors, and, accordingly, expect to manufacture Gen Sets by developing assembly lines within owned manufacturing facilities. The initial limited production will enable us to prove our concept for the CSRV® system technology and we expect this will dovetail with the existing demand in the marketplace. We plan to address this demand by establishing large scale manufacturing operations in the United States. Transitioning to large scale manufacturing is expected to require a substantial increase in our work force, securing additional manufacturing capacity and substantial capital expenditures.

 

Our ability to establish such manufacturing operations, recruit plant workers, finance initial manufacturing inventories and fund capital expenditures is highly dependent on our ability to successfully raise substantial new working capital in an amount and at a pace which matches our business plans. Potential sources of such new working capital include (i) licensing fees from new sublicensing agreements, (ii) positive working capital generated from sales of our CSRV® products and (iii) issuance of promissory notes to related parties and issuance of convertible notes. Although we have been successful in raising sufficient working capital to continue our ongoing operations, we have encountered very challenging credit and equity investment markets, and have not been able to raise sufficient new working capital to enable us to commence production of our Gen Sets. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in raising adequate new working capital or even any new working capital to carry out our business plans. The recent trading price range of our common stock at a fraction of a penny has introduced additional risk and difficulty to our challenge to secure needed additional working capital.

 

Sublicensing

 

We plan to sublicense the CSRV® system technology to multiple OEM’s in order to take advantage of third party manufacturers’ existing production capacity and resources by signing OEM agreements. A Sublicensing agreement with Renown is currently in place as discussed in the “Background” section above.

 

Significant Estimates

 

The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These significant estimates include determining the fair value of convertible promissory notes containing embedded derivatives as a result of variable conversion rate provisions, determining a value for Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued in connection with anti-dilution provisions in place, assigning useful lives to our property, plant and equipment, determining an appropriate amount to reserve for obsolete and slow moving inventory, providing a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, assigning expected lives to and estimating the rate of forfeitures of stock options granted and selecting a volatility factor for the Company’s stock options in order to estimate the fair value of the Company’s stock options on the date of grant. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

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Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016

 

Our principal business activities and efforts during the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were devoted to (i) undertaking efforts to raise additional working capital in order to fund ongoing operations, and (ii) seeking new sublicensing opportunities.

 

Although we incurred substantial net losses for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 of ($2,450,453) and ($4,439,370), respectively, it is important to consider that a substantial portion of these losses resulted from non-cash expenses required to be recorded for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP. These net losses should be considered in view of the fact that actual cash used in operating activities amounting to ($112,228) and ($143,262) in 2017 and 2016, respectively, was significantly less than these reported net losses. The differences between the reported net losses and actual cash losses incurred in 2017 and 2016 are described in detail in the section “Liquidity and Capital Resources”.

 

Revenue

 

There were no sales for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

 

Sublicensing fee revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $4,800 and $4,800, respectively. Sublicensing fees are being recognized by amortizing the license deposit of $300,000 on the Canadian License over the approximate remaining life of the last CSRV® technology patent in force.

 

Expenses

 

Research and Development Expenses

 

There were no research and development activities in the third quarter of 2017 and minimal research and development activities in the third quarter of 2016. Research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $-0- and $1,250, respectively.

 

Stock-based Compensation Expense

 

Stock-based compensation expense decreased by ($2,346,134) to $1,715,597 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 from $4,061,731 for the three months ended September 30, 2016. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in issuances of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock to George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and Barry C. Kaye, for anti-dilution in the 2017 period.

 

Compensation and Benefits

 

Compensation and benefits increased by $5,696 to $156,171 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 from $150,475 for the three months ended September 30, 2016.

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

General and administrative expenses decreased by ($7,865) to $101,977 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 from $109,842 for the three months ended September 30, 2016. This net decrease in 2017 resulted from decreases in investor relations of ($8,732), legal and professional fees of ($2,575), and all other expenses, net of ($1,645), partially offset by increases in building expenses of $1,884, insurance of $1,693 and real estate taxes of $1,510.

 

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Depreciation and Amortization

 

Depreciation and amortization expense remained the same at $12,249 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

 

Loss from Operations

 

A loss from operations of ($1,981,194) was incurred for the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared with a loss from operations of ($4,330,747) for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in the amount of the loss from operations was primarily attributable to a $2,346,134 decrease in non-cash, stock-based compensation expense, as discussed above.

 

Other Income (Expense)

 

Increase (Decrease) in Estimated Fair Value of Embedded Liabilities

 

The estimated fair value of embedded liabilities, which relates to outstanding convertible promissory notes, is remeasured at each balance sheet date. For the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, other (expense) income was recorded to reflect the (increase) decrease in the fair value of embedded liabilities of ($118,570) and $56,950, respectively.

 

Loss on conversion of convertible notes

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company realized a non-cash loss on conversion of convertible notes of ($84,625) and ($54,932), respectively.

 

Interest Expense

 

Interest expense increased to ($266,064) for the three months ended September 30, 2017 from ($110,641) in 2016. Interest expense in 2017 consisted of non-cash interest related to convertible promissory notes of $172,394, interest on promissory notes to related parties of $67,080, mortgage interest of $24,885 and net other interest of $1,705.

 

Interest expense in 2016 consisted of non-cash interest related to convertible promissory notes of $29,962, interest on promissory notes and deferred compensation to related parties of $51,351, mortgage loan interest of $25,983 and net other interest of $3,345.

 

Deferred Taxes

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the change in deferred taxes was fully offset by a valuation allowance, resulting in a $-0- net income tax provision.

 

Net Loss

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2017, we incurred a net loss of ($2,450,453) or ($0.00) basic net loss per share, as compared with net loss of ($4,439,370) or ($0.00) basic net loss per share for three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in the amount of the net loss was primarily attributable to a decrease in non-cash, stock-based compensation expense of $2,246,134, partly offset by an increase in the estimated fair value of embedded derivative liabilities of ($175,520), and an increase in interest expense of ($155,423).

 

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Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016

 

Our principal business activities and efforts during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were devoted to (i) applying the CSRV® system technology to optimally fuel industrial engines with hydrogen gas, in 2017 (ii) undertaking efforts to raise additional working capital in order to fund ongoing operations and (iii) research and development of the hydrogen reactor technology, in 2016.

 

Although we incurred substantial net losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 of ($7,270,057) and ($7,851,365), respectively, it is important to consider that a substantial portion of these losses resulted from non-cash expenses required to be recorded for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP. These net losses should be considered in view of the fact that actual cash used in operating activities amounting to ($663,268) and ($449,121) in 2017 and 2016, respectively, was significantly less than these reported net losses. The differences between the reported net losses and actual cash losses incurred in 2017 and 2016 are described in detail in the section “Liquidity and Capital Resources”.

 

Revenue

 

There were no sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

 

Sublicensing fee revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 amounted to $14,400 and $14,400, respectively. Sublicensing fees are being recognized by amortizing the license deposit of $300,000 on the Canadian License over the approximate remaining life of the last CSRV® technology patent in force.

 

Expenses

 

Research and Development Expenses

 

Research and development activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were primarily related to applying the CSRV® system technology to optimally fuel industrial engines with hydrogen gas in 2017 and research and development of the hydrogen reactor technology in 2016. Research and development expenses increased by $6,825 to $196,598 in 2017 from $189,773 in 2016. This was due to a $97,476 increase in parts and materials used in research and development, substantially offset by an ($89,400) decrease in compensation and benefits allocated to research and development.

 

Stock-based Compensation Expense

 

Stock-based compensation expense decreased by ($1,841,408) to $4,927,152 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from $6,768,560 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in issuances of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock to George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and Barry C. Kaye, for anti-dilution, partially offset by an increase due to the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock with an estimated fair value of $17,219 to George J. Coates for anti-dilution in 2017.

 

Compensation and Benefits

 

Compensation and benefits increased by $80,479 to $382,098 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from $301,619 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. This increase was primarily due to an $89,400 decrease in the amount of compensation allocated from compensation and benefits expense to research and development costs in the 2017 period.

 

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General and Administrative Expenses

 

General and administrative expenses decreased by ($88,310) to $245,087 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from $333,397 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. This net decrease in 2017 resulted from decreases in legal and professional fees of ($72,817), investor relations costs of ($23,768), patent maintenance costs of ($23,017) and parts expense of ($3,079), partially offset by increases in miscellaneous expenses of $15,156, financing costs of $13,671, building expenses of $2,524, utilities of $2,493 and all other expenses, net of $527.

 

Depreciation and Amortization

 

Depreciation and amortization expense increased to $36,746 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from $36,122 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

 

Loss from Operations

 

A loss from operations of ($5,773,281) was incurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared with a loss from operations of ($7,615,071) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in the amount of the loss from operations was primarily attributable to the decrease in non-cash, stock-based compensation expense of ($1,841,408).

 

Other Income (Expense)

 

(Increase) Decrease in Estimated Fair Value of Embedded Liabilities

 

The estimated fair value of embedded liabilities, which relates to outstanding convertible promissory notes, is remeasured at each balance sheet date. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, other (expense) income was recorded to reflect the (increase) decrease in the fair value of embedded liabilities of ($281,957) and $474,731, respectively.

 

Loss on conversion of convertible notes

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company realized a non-cash loss on conversion of convertible notes of ($245,372) and ($124,962), respectively.

 

Interest Expense

 

Interest expense increased to ($969,447) for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from ($586,063) in 2016. Interest expense in 2017 consisted of non-cash interest related to convertible promissory notes of $678,790, interest on amounts due to related parties of $198,017, mortgage loan interest of $75,016 and net other interest of $17,624.

 

Interest expense in 2016 consisted of non-cash interest related to convertible promissory notes of $259,832, interest on promissory notes and deferred compensation to related parties of $237,198, mortgage loan interest of $78,173, interest expense related to the sale/leaseback of equipment of $1,618 and net other interest of $9,242.

 

Deferred Taxes

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the change in deferred taxes was fully offset by a valuation allowance, resulting in a $-0- net income tax provision.

 

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Net Loss

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we incurred a net loss of ($7,270,057) or ($0.00) basic net loss per share, as compared with net loss of ($7,851,365) or ($0.00) basic net loss per share the for nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in the amount of the net loss was primarily attributable to a decrease in non-cash, stock-based compensation expense of $1,841,408, partly offset by an increase in the estimated fair value of embedded derivative liabilities of ($756,888), and an increase in interest expense of ($383,384).

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Our cash position at September 30, 2017 was $5,479, a decrease of ($3,684) from the cash position of $9,163 at December 31, 2016. We had negative working capital of ($6,146,522) at September 30, 2017 which represents a decrease in our working capital of ($735,411) compared to the ($5,411,111) of negative working capital at December 31, 2016. Our current liabilities of $6,344,523 at September 30, 2017, increased by $685,739 from $5,658,784 at December 31, 2016. This net increase resulted from (i) a $349,395 increase in deferred compensation payable, (ii) a $281,957 net increase in the derivative liability related to convertible promissory notes and (iii) an $81,470 increase in the carrying amount of convertible promissory notes, net of unamortized discount, offset by (iv) a ($13,557) decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and (v) repayment of ($13,526) of promissory notes to related parties.

 

Operating activities utilized cash of ($663,268) for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of ($214,147) from the cash utilized for operating activities of ($449,121) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Cash utilized by operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 resulted primarily from (i) a cash basis net loss of ($663,268), after adding back (deducting) non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $4,927,152, interest accrued, but not paid of $833,486, an increase in embedded derivative liabilities related to convertible notes of $281,957, a non-cash loss on conversion of convertible notes of $245,372, depreciation and amortization of $36,746 and non-cash licensing revenues of ($14,400) and (ii) changes in current assets and liabilities, including a decrease in other assets of $3,044, a decrease of ($55,963) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and an increase in deferred compensation payable of $349,395.

 

No cash was used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $(11,493) used for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

 

Cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, amounted to $659,584, an increase of $216,766 from the cash provided by financing activities of $442,818 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. This was comprised of proceeds from issuances of convertible promissory notes aggregating $723,300, issuances of promissory notes to related parties of $60,340, receipt of proceeds in 2017 from common stock issued in 2016 under an equity purchase agreement of $42,944 and proceeds from issuances of $30,000 of promissory notes, partially offset by repayments of principal and interest on promissory notes held by related parties of ($122,000), principal repayments of ($45,000) on a mortgage loan payable and repayment of promissory notes of ($30,000).

 

Going Concern

 

We have incurred net recurring losses since inception, amounting to ($72,597,147) as of September 30, 2017 and had a stockholders’ deficiency of ($5,909,640). We will need to obtain additional working capital in order to continue to cover our ongoing cash expenses.

 

These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, the recent trading price range of our common stock at a fraction of a penny has introduced additional difficulty to our challenge to secure needed additional working capital. Our Independent Registered Public Accountants have stated in their Auditor’s Report dated April 14, 2017, with respect to our financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016, that these circumstances raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

 

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During 2017, we restricted variable costs to only those expenses that are necessary to perform activities related to efforts to negotiate sublicenses for distribution of our CSRV® products, raising working capital to enable us to commence limited production of our CSRV® system technology products, research and development and general and administrative costs in support of such activities.

 

Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if we are unable to continue as a going concern.

 

Potential sources of working capital and new funding being pursued by us include (i) issuances of promissory notes to related parties and convertible promissory notes, (ii) licensing fees for hydrogen powered CSRV® industrial generators, (iii) new equity investments, (iv) new borrowing arrangements and (v) proceeds from sales of CSRV® Gen Sets. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in securing any of these sources of additional funding. In this event, we may be required to substantially or completely curtail our operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition.

 

During the period from October 1, 2017 to November 11, 2017, the Company raised a total $40,000 of new working capital from issuance of a convertible promissory note and issuance of promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of $8,000 to Bernadette Coates.

 

At September 30, 2017, current liabilities amounted to $6,344,523, comprised of deferred compensation of $1,621,712, promissory notes due to related parties aggregating $1,441,173, legal and professional fees of $1,412,306, accrued interest expense of $548,507, a derivative liability related to convertible promissory notes of $435,429, accrued general and administrative expenses of $371,946, deposits of $150,595, accrued research and development expenses of $114,859, convertible promissory notes, net of unamortized discount of $127,271, the current portion of license deposits of $60,725 and the current portion of a mortgage loan amounting to $60,000.

 

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

 

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commitments at September 30, 2017:

 

   Total   2017   2018 
             
Deferred compensation  $1,621,712   $1,621,712   $-     
Promissory notes to related parties   1,441,173    1,441,173    -     
Mortgage loan payable   1,303,158    60,000    1,243,158 
Convertible promissory notes   209,000    -        209,000 
Total  $4,575,043   $3,122,885   $1,452,158 

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements.

 

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Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our significant accounting policies are presented in the notes to our financial statements for the period ended June 30, 2017, which are contained in this filing and notes to financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 which are contained in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The significant accounting policies that are most critical and aid in fully understanding and evaluating the reported financial results include the following:

 

We prepare our financial statements in conformity with GAAP. These principals require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management believes that these estimates are reasonable and have been discussed with the board of directors; however, actual results could differ from those estimates.

  

Long-lived assets such as property, equipment and identifiable intangibles are reviewed for impairment whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.  When required, impairment losses on assets to be held and used are recognized based on the fair value of the asset.  The fair value is determined based on estimates of future cash flows, market value of similar assets, if available, or independent appraisals, if required.  If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the carrying amount and fair value of the asset.  When fair values are not available, we estimate fair value using the expected future cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk associated with the recovery of the assets. We did not recognize any impairment losses for any periods presented.

 

Other significant estimates include determining the fair value of convertible promissory notes containing embedded derivatives and variable conversion rates, determining a value for Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued, assigning useful lives to the Company’s property, plant and equipment, determining an appropriate amount to reserve for obsolete and slow moving inventory, estimating a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, assigning expected lives to, and estimating the rate of forfeitures of, stock options granted and selecting a trading price volatility factor for the Company’s common stock in order to estimate the fair value of the Company’s stock options on the date of grant or other appropriate measurement date. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

Revenue Recognition

 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which amends the existing accounting standards for revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 is based on principles that govern the recognition of revenue at an amount an entity expects to be entitled to when products are transferred to customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Deferral of the Effective Date, which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 for one year and permits early adoption as early as the original effective date. Accordingly, we may adopt the standard in either its first quarter of 2018 or 2019.

 

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing (“ASU 2016-10”), which amends the guidance in ASU 2014-09 related to identifying performance obligations and accounting for licenses of intellectual property. We will adopt ASU 2016-10 with ASU 2014-09. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new revenue recognition standard, as amended, but do not expect it to have a material impact on our financial statements.

 

Stock Compensation

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) (“ASU 2016-09”), which simplified certain aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income taxes, classification of awards and classification in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of 2018. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new stock compensation standard, but do not expect it to have a material impact on our financial statements.

 

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Financial Instruments

 

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10) (“ASU 2016-01”), which updates certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. ASU 2016-01 will be effective for the Company beginning in our first quarter of 2019. We do not believe adoption of the new financial instruments standard will have a material impact on our financial statements.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

We are not required to provide the information under this item as we are a smaller reporting company.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

 

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls

 

Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), we carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) (our principal financial and accounting officer), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

 

We are currently not involved in any litigation that we believe could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or of our company's or our company's subsidiaries' officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

 

We believe there are no changes that constitute material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed April 14, 2017.

 

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

The following issuances of securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(2), and Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act. We made this determination based on the representations of the Investors which included, in pertinent part, that such Investors were “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act, and that such Investors were acquiring our common stock for investment purposes for their own respective accounts and not as nominees or agents, and not with a view to the resale or distribution thereof, and that the Investors understood that the shares of our common stock may not be sold or otherwise disposed of without registration under the Securities Act or an applicable exemption therefrom. 

 

In a series of transactions, convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $604,000, including accrued interest thereon were converted into 2,962,152,695 unregistered shares of common stock.

 

We issued 8,688,525 shares of common stock in payment of interest on a $25,000 promissory note.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we issued 670,222 shares of Series A Preferred Stock to George J. Coates representing anti-dilution shares to restore Mr. Coates’ percentage of eligible votes to 85.7%.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, 18,406,085, 1,454,148 and 113,891 shares of Series B were issued to George J. Coates, Gregory G. Coates and Barry C. Kaye, respectively, having an estimated fair value of $4,511,000, $370,000 and $29,000, respectively.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, Barry C. Kaye converted 1,372 shares of Series B into 1,372,000 unregistered restricted shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

The net proceeds from the original issuances of convertible promissory notes was used for general working capital purposes.

 

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

 

None.

 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

 

Not Applicable.

 

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Item 5. Other Information

 

None.

 

Item 6. Exhibits

 

Exhibit

Number

  Description
31.1*  Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*  Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*  Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2*  Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*  XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*  XBRL Taxonomy Schema
101.CAL*  XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF*  XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase
101.LAB*  XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase
101.PRE*  XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase
101.DE*  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

 

*Furnished herewith.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

 

  COATES INTERNATIONAL, LTD.

 

Date: November 13, 2017 /s/ George J. Coates
  George J. Coates
 

Duly Authorized Officer, President and
Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

Date: November 13, 2017   /s/ Barry C. Kaye
  Barry C. Kaye
 

Duly Authorized Officer, Treasurer and
Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

 

 

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