Exhibit 1.1

Underwriting Agreement

August 8, 2017

Rodman & Renshaw, a unit of H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC

As the Representative of the

Several underwriters, if any, signatory hereto and named in Schedule I hereto

430 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10022

Ladies and Gentlemen:

BioAmber Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to issue and sell to the Underwriters signatory hereto and named in Schedule I hereto (the “Underwriters”), for whom you are acting as representative (the “Representative”), an aggregate of 14,666,667 combinations each consisting of one share (the “Firm Shares”) of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Stock”), of the Company and one warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock as set forth in the Prospectus (as defined herein) (the “Firm Warrants”). The Firm Shares and the Option Shares (as defined herein) that that the Underwriters elect to purchase pursuant to Section 2 hereof are also sometimes collectively referred to as the “Shares” and the Firm Warrants and the Option Warrants (as defined herein) are also sometimes collectively referred to herein as the “Warrants”. The Shares and the Warrants are sometimes referred to as the “Securities”. To the extent there are no additional Underwriters listed on Schedule I other than you, the term Representatives as used herein shall mean you, as Underwriters, and the terms Representatives and Underwriters shall mean either the singular or plural as the context requires.

1. The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, each of the Underwriters that:

(a) A registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-215408) (the “Initial Registration Statement”) in respect of the Shares has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”); the Initial Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, each in the form heretofore delivered to you, and, excluding exhibits thereto but including all documents incorporated by reference in the prospectus contained therein, to you for each of the other Underwriters, have been declared effective by the Commission in such form; other than a registration statement, if any, increasing the size of the offering (a “Rule 462(b) Registration Statement”), filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), which became effective upon filing, no other document with respect to the Initial Registration Statement or document incorporated by reference therein has heretofore been filed with the Commission; and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement, any post-effective amendment thereto or the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose has been initiated or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission (any preliminary prospectus included in the Initial Registration Statement or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Act is hereinafter called a “Preliminary Prospectus”; the various parts of the Initial Registration Statement and the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, including all exhibits thereto and including the information contained in the form of final prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act in accordance with Section 5(a) hereof and deemed by virtue of Rule 430A or Rule 430B under the Act to be part of the Initial Registration Statement at the time it was declared effective, each as amended at the time such part of the Initial Registration Statement became effective or such part of the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, became or hereafter becomes effective, are hereinafter collectively called the “Registration Statement”; the Preliminary Prospectus relating to the Shares that was included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to the Applicable Time (as defined in Section 1(c) hereof) is hereinafter called the “Pricing Prospectus”; such final prospectus, in the form first filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act, is hereinafter called the “Prospectus”; any reference herein to any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the Act, as of the date of such prospectus; any reference to any amendment or supplement to any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any documents filed after the date of such Preliminary Prospectus or Prospectus, as the case may be, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and incorporated therein; any reference to any amendment to the Registration Statement shall be deemed to refer to and include any

annual report of the Company filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the effective date of the Initial Registration Statement that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement; and any “issuer free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 433 under the Act relating to the Shares is hereinafter called an “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus”;

(b) Not used.

(c) No order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus has been issued by the Commission, and each Preliminary Prospectus, at the time of filing thereof, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein;

(d) For the purposes of this Agreement, the “Applicable Time” is 4:00.p.m. (Eastern time) on the date of this Agreement. The Pricing Prospectus, as of the Applicable Time, did not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus listed on Schedule II(a) hereto does not conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus and each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as supplemented by and taken together with the Pricing Prospectus as of the Applicable Time, did not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to statements or omissions made in an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein;

(e) The Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus conform, and the Prospectus and any further amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus will conform, in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and do not and will not, as of the applicable effective date as to each part of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto and as of the applicable filing date as to the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein;

(f) The documents incorporated by reference in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus when they became effective or were filed with the Commission, as the case may be, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of such documents contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto, when such documents become effective or are filed with the Commission, as the case may be, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein; and no such documents were filed with the Commission since the Commission’s close of business on the business day immediately prior to the date of this Agreement and prior to the execution of this Agreement, except as set forth on Schedule II(b) hereto;

(g) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Prospectus any material loss or interference with its

business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Pricing Prospectus and, since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Pricing Prospectus, there has not been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in or affecting the general affairs, management, financial position, stockholders’ equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or on the performance by the Company of its obligations under this Agreement (a “Material Adverse Effect”), otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Pricing Prospectus;

(h) The Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property and good and marketable title to all personal property owned by them, in each case free and clear of all liens, mortgages, hypothecs, security interests, claims, restrictions or other encumbrances of any kind and defects except such as are described in the Pricing Prospectus or such as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its subsidiaries; and any real property and buildings held under lease by the Company and its subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its subsidiaries;

(i) The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with power and authority (corporate and other) to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Pricing Prospectus, and has been duly qualified as a foreign corporation for the transaction of business and is in good standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which it owns or leases properties or currently conducts any business so as to require such qualification (to the extent the concept of “good standing” is applicable under the laws of any such jurisdiction), except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and each subsidiary of the Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation (to the extent the concept of “good standing” is applicable under the laws of such jurisdiction), with power and authority (corporate and other) to own its properties and conduct its business;

(j) The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the Pricing Prospectus and all of the issued shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable and conform in all material respects to the description of the Stock contained in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus under the heading “Description of Capital Stock”; and all of the issued shares of capital stock of each subsidiary of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and (except for directors’ qualifying shares and except as otherwise set forth in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus) are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of all liens, mortgages, hypothecs, security interests, claims, restrictions or other encumbrances of any kind;

(k) The unissued Shares and Warrants to be issued and sold by the Company to the Underwriters hereunder have been duly and validly authorized and, when issued and delivered against payment therefor as provided herein, will be duly and validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable and, when issued, will conform in all material respects to the description of the Stock and the Warrants contained in the Prospectus; the  shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (the “Warrant Shares”) in accordance with the terms of the Warrants and the Warrant Agency Agreement to be entered into on or prior to the Closing Date between the Company and Computershare Trust Company (the “Warrant Agent”) will be duly and validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable and, when issued, will conform in all material respects to the description of the Warrants contained in the Prospectus. The Warrants constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company.

(l) The Shares and the Warrant Shares have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) and the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”);

(m) The issue and sale of the Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares, and the execution and delivery and the compliance by the Company with this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default

under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject, (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws of the Company or (iii) result in any violation of any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their properties, except, in the case of clauses (i) and (iii), for such breach or violation as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any such court or governmental agency or body is required for the issue and sale of the Shares, the Warrants or the Warrant Shares or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except (w) the registration under the Act of the Shares, (x) the listing of the Shares and the Warrant Shares on the NYSE and the TSX, and (y) such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws or the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Shares and Warrants by the Underwriters;

(n) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is (i) in violation of its Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws or other organizational documents or (ii) in default in the performance or observance of any material obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound, except in the case of clause (ii) for such default as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

(o) There are no legal or governmental proceedings pending and, to the Company’s knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened, to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would individually or in the aggregate reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and, to the Company’s knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others;

(p) From the time of initial confidential submission of a registration statement relating to the Stock with the Commission (or, if earlier, the first date on which any oral or written communication with potential investors undertaken in reliance on Section 5(d) of the Act was made) through the date hereof, the Company has been and is an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Act (an “Emerging Growth Company”);

(q) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Shares and the Warrants and the application of the proceeds thereof, will not be an “investment company”, as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;

(r) At the time of filing the Initial Registration Statement the Company was not and is not an “ineligible issuer,” as defined under Rule 405 under the Act;

(s) Deloitte LLP, who have certified certain consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, are independent public accountants as required by the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder;

(t) The Company maintains a system of internal controls, including, but not limited to, disclosure controls and procedures, internal controls over accounting matters and financial reporting, an internal audit function and legal and regulatory compliance controls (collectively, “Internal Controls”) that are sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States and to maintain accountability for assets, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences; the Internal Controls are overseen by the Audit Committee (the “Audit Committee”) of the Board in accordance with the rules of the NYSE and the TSX; and other than as set forth in the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus, the Company has not publicly disclosed or reported to the Audit Committee or the

Board, and within the next 135 days the Company does not reasonably expect to publicly disclose or report to the Audit Committee or the Board, a significant deficiency, material weakness, change in Internal Controls or fraud involving management or other employees who have a significant role in Internal Controls (each, an “Internal Control Event”), any violation of, or failure to comply with, applicable securities laws or NYSE and/or TSX rules, or any matter which, if determined adversely, would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

(u) A member of the Audit Committee has confirmed to the Company’s Chief Financial Officer that the Audit Committee is not reviewing or investigating, and neither the Company’s independent auditors nor its internal auditors have recommended that the Audit Committee review or investigate, (i) adding to, deleting, changing the application of, or changing the Company’s disclosure with respect to, any of the Company’s material accounting policies, (ii) any matter which could result in a restatement of the Company’s financial statements for any annual or interim period during the current or prior three fiscal years or (iii) any Internal Control Event;

(v) The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act; such disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its subsidiaries is made known to the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer by others within those entities; and such disclosure controls and procedures are effective;

(w) (i) The consolidated financial statements (including the related notes and any supporting schedules) of the Company and its subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and present fairly the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates and for the periods indicated, in each case in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby; and (ii) the selected financial data set forth under the caption “Selected Financial Data” incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, fairly present, on the basis stated in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus the information included therein;

(x) The Company has not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly, any action which is designed to or which has constituted or which would reasonably be expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares;

(y) The Company (i) does not have any material lending or other relationship with any bank or lending affiliate of any Underwriter and (ii) does not intend to use any proceeds from the sale of the Shares to repay any outstanding debt owed to any affiliate of any Underwriter;

(z) The Company and each of its subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are customary in the businesses in which they are engaged; within the past three years, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for; and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

(aa) Except as described in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, the Company and each of its subsidiaries, own, possess, or license the rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks and service marks, certification marks, business names, trade names, works of authorship, copyrights, inventions, processes, trade secrets, technology, software, know-how, confidential or proprietary information and other intellectual property, including provisionals, divisions, continuations continuations-in-part, re-examinations, re-issues, registrations, applications, renewals, foreign counterparts and equivalent protections with respect to any of the foregoing (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”) sufficient and necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as now conducted or as proposed to be conducted in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, except where the failure to own, possess or license such rights would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse

Effect. Further, except as set forth in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, (i) the conduct of the business of the Company and each of its subsidiaries as currently conducted, does not infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of any person in any material respect; (ii) to the Company’s knowledge, there is no infringement by third parties of any Intellectual Property used in the businesses of the Company or any of its subsidiaries; (iii) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim (“Action”) by any person challenging the Company’s rights in or to any Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such Action; (iv) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge. threatened Action by any person challenging the validity, enforceability or scope of any such Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts, including a failure to make the necessary registrations or filings, which would form a reasonable basis for any such Action; (v) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened Action by any person that the Company or any of its subsidiaries infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates any Intellectual Property right of any person, and the Company is unaware of any other fact which would form a reasonable basis for any such Action; and (vi) the Company and each of its subsidiaries have at all times used commercially appropriate security controls to restrict the use and disclosure of trade secrets and other proprietary or confidential information of the Company and its subsidiaries, except in each case covered by clauses (ii) through (vi) such as would not, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

(bb) The Company and its subsidiaries, to the best of their knowledge, possess all material licenses, certificates, authorizations and permits (collectively, the “Governmental Licenses”) issued by, and have made all declarations and filings with, the appropriate federal, provincial, state, municipal or foreign or other regulatory authorities or bodies, which are necessary for the ownership of their respective properties or the conduct of their respective businesses now or to be operated by them; all of the Governmental Licenses are valid and in full force and effect; and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Governmental License;

(cc) The Company and its subsidiaries (i) are and have been in compliance with any and all applicable European Union, national, federal, provincial, state, municipal and local laws, statutes, directives, regulations, policies and guidelines relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (“Environmental Laws”) applicable to the Company’s or its subsidiaries’ business as currently conducted, except any noncompliance that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) have received all permits, certificates of authorization, certificates of approval, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws (the “Environmental Permits”) to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to have so received would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect and (iii) are and have been in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such Environmental Permits, except in each case where such failure to be in compliance or to obtain an Environmental Permit would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

(dd) Other than as set forth in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus and except as would not have a material effect on capital expenditures, earnings or the competitive position of the Company and its subsidiaries, the Company is not aware of any costs or liabilities associated with Environmental Laws (including without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws or any Environmental Permits, any related constraints on operating activities and potential liabilities to third parties), and other than as set forth in the Pricing Prospectus and  the Prospectus, there are no proceedings that are pending, or that are known to be contemplated, against the Company or any of its subsidiaries under any Environmental Laws in which a governmental entity is also a party, other than such proceedings regarding which it is reasonably believed no monetary sanctions of $100,000 or more will be imposed;

(ee) Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries owns or operates any real property contaminated with any substance that is subject to any Environmental Laws, is liable for any off-site disposal or contamination pursuant to any Environmental Laws, or is subject to any claim relating to any Environmental Laws; and the Company is not aware of any pending investigation which would reasonably be expected to lead to such a claim;

(ff) The Company and each of its subsidiaries have timely filed all federal, provincial, state and local and foreign tax returns required to be filed through the date hereof or have requested extensions thereof, except in any case in which the failure so to file would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect and all such returns are complete and correct in all material respects; the Company and each of its subsidiaries have paid all taxes, penalties and interest, assessments, fees and other charges due thereon, other than (i) those that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which reserves have been provided in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, (ii) those currently payable without penalty or interest, and no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or (iii) those that individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and since the date of the most recent financial statements the Company and its subsidiaries have not incurred any liability for taxes other than in the ordinary course of its business there is no tax lien, whether imposed by any federal, state, foreign or other taxing authority, outstanding against the assets, properties or business of the Company or its subsidiaries;

(gg) No labor disturbance by or dispute with employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists, or to the knowledge of the Company, is contemplated or threatened; and the Company is not aware of any existing, threatened or imminent labor disturbance by, or dispute with, the employees of any of its or its subsidiaries’ principal suppliers, contractors or customers that if it occurred would be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect;

(hh) Except as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (i) no “prohibited transaction” (as defined in Section 406 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (“ERISA”), or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time (the “Code”)) has occurred with respect to any employee benefit plan of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administrative exemption; (ii) each such employee benefit plan is in compliance with applicable law, including ERISA and the Code; (iii) none of the Company, any of its subsidiaries, or any entity that was at any time required to be treated as a single employer together with the Company under Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code or Section 4001(a)(14) of ERISA has incurred or reasonably expects to incur any liability under Section 302 of ERISA, Section 412 of the Code or Title IV of ERISA; and (iv) each such employee benefit plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code or to be qualified or registered under any other applicable law is so qualified or registered and, to the best knowledge of the Company, nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would reasonably be expected to cause the loss of such qualification or registration;

(ii) There are no business relationships, related-party transactions or off-balance sheet transactions involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any other person required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus which have not been described as required; and there are no contracts or other documents that are required to be described in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus or filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement by the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder that have not been so described or so filed as exhibits;

(jj) Except as described in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, including the description of the Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement of the Company, dated as of April 15, 2011 and as amended on November 4, 2011, February 6, 2012 and May 2, 2013, there are no contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any person granting such person the right to require the Company to file a registration statement under the Act or a prospectus under Canadian Securities Laws (as defined herein) with respect to any securities of the Company owned or to be owned by such person or to require the Company to include such securities in the securities registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or in any securities being registered pursuant to any other registration statement filed by the Company under the Act; and the holders of outstanding shares of the Company’s capital stock are not and will not be, entitled to preemptive or other rights to subscribe for the shares of capital stock of the Company, including after exercise or conversion of any security or right to acquire any security;

(kk) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or other person associated with or acting on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official

or employee from corporate funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977; or (iv) made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment;

(ll) The operations of the Company and its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”) and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened;

(mm) None of the Company, any of its subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury (“OFAC”); and the Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the offering of the Shares hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC;

(nn) No officer, director or any beneficial owner of 5% or more of the Company’s unregistered securities has any direct or indirect affiliation or association with any FINRA member (as determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA). The Company will advise the Representative and EGS if it learns that any officer, director or owner of 5% or more of the Company’s outstanding shares of Stock or securities of the Company with rights to acquire shares of Stock is or becomes an affiliate or associated person of a FINRA member firm; and

(oo) The Company is a reporting issuer, or the equivalent thereof, under the securities laws of the provinces of British Columbia and Ontario (such provinces, the “Canadian Jurisdictions” and such securities laws, the“Canadian Securities Laws”), is not in default of any requirement of Canadian Securities Laws, and the Company is not included on a list of defaulting reporting issuers maintained by any of the securities regulators of the Canadian Jurisdictions (the “Canadian Regulators”) that maintain such lists. The Company is not the subject of a cease trade order, or management cease trade order, issued by the Canadian Regulators, or any of them, and the Company is, to the best of its knowledge, not aware of any such order being contemplated or threatened by the Canadian Regulators, or any of them. All disclosure and filings on the public record and fees required to be made and paid by the Company and its subsidiaries pursuant to Canadian Securities Laws have been made and paid, and the Company has not filed any confidential material change reports.

2. (a) Subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to issue and sell to each of the Underwriters, and each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company, at a purchase price per combination of $0.705, allocated $0.695 to the Shares (the “Share Purchase Price”) and $0.01 to the Warrants (the “Warrant Purchase Price”), the number of Firm Shares and Firm Warrants set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule I hereto. Of the aggregate underwriting discount, any selling concessions to selected dealers shall be paid prior to allocation of the remaining aggregate underwriting discount pro-rata among the Underwriters.

(b) (i)For the purposes of covering any over-allotments in connection with the distribution and sale of the Firm Shares and the Firm Warrants, the Representative, on behalf of the Underwriters,  is hereby granted an option (the “Over-Allotment Option”) to purchase, in the aggregate, up to 2,200,000 shares of Common Stock (the “Option Shares”) and 2,200,000 Warrants (the “Option Warrants” and, collectively with the Option Shares, the “Option Securities”) which may be purchased in any combination of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants at the Share Purchase Price and/or Warrant Purchase Price, respectively.

(ii)In connection with an exercise of the Over-Allotment Option, (a) the purchase price to be paid for the Option Shares is equal to the product of the Share Purchase Price multiplied by the number of Option Shares to be purchased and (b) the purchase price to be paid for the Option Warrants is equal to the product of the Warrant Purchase Price multiplied by the number of Option Warrants (the aggregate purchase price to be paid on an Option Closing Date, the “Option Closing Purchase Price”).

(iii) The Over-Allotment Option granted pursuant to this Section 2(b) may be exercised by the Representative as to all (at any time) or any part (from time to time) of the Option Securities within 30 days after the date of this Agreement.  An Underwriter will not be under any obligation to purchase any Option Securities prior to the exercise of the Over-Allotment Option by the Representative.  The Over-Allotment Option granted hereby may be exercised by the giving of oral notice to the Company from the Representative, which must be confirmed in writing by overnight mail or facsimile or other electronic transmission setting forth the number of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants to be purchased and the date and time for delivery of and payment for the Option Securities (each, an “Option Closing Date”), which will not be later than three (3) full New York Business Days after the date of the notice or such other time as shall be agreed upon by the Company and the Representative, at the Closing Location (as defined in Section 4 hereof) or at such other place (including remotely by facsimile or other electronic transmission) as shall be agreed upon by the Company and the Representative. If such delivery and payment for the Option Securities does not occur on the Closing Date, each Option Closing Date will be as set forth in the notice. Upon exercise of the Over-Allotment Option, the Company will become obligated to convey to the Underwriters, and, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Underwriters will become obligated to purchase, the number of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants specified in such notice.  The Representative may cancel the Over-Allotment Option at any time prior to the expiration of the Over-Allotment Option by written notice to the Company.

3. Upon the authorization by you of the release of the Firm Shares, the several Underwriters propose to offer the Firm Shares and Firm Warrants for sale upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus.

4. (a) The Shares to be purchased by each Underwriter hereunder, in definitive form, and in such authorized denominations and registered in such names as the Representative may request upon at least twenty-four hours’ prior notice to the Company shall be delivered by or on behalf of the Company to the Representative, through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) for the account of such Underwriter, against payment by or on behalf of such Underwriter of the purchase price therefor by wire transfer of Federal (same-day) funds to the account specified by the Company to the Representative at least twenty-four hours in advance of the Time of Delivery. To the extent the Representative requests any certificated Warrants, the Company will cause pdfs of the certificates representing the Warrants to be made available for checking and packaging at least twenty-four hours prior to the Time of Delivery (as defined below) with respect thereto at the office of the Representative (each, a “Designated Office”). The time and date of such delivery and payment shall be, with respect to the Firm Shares and Firm Warrants, 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on August 11, 2017 or such other time and date as the Representative and the Company may agree upon in writing. Such time and date for delivery of the Firm Shares and Firm Warrants is herein called the “Time of Delivery”. The Warrants will be delivered out on the date of the Time of Delivery via overnight courier to such addresses as the Representative may designate in writing.

(b) The documents to be delivered at the Time of Delivery by or on behalf of the parties hereto pursuant to Section 8 hereof, including the cross receipt for the Firm Shares and Firm Warrants and any additional documents requested by the Underwriters pursuant to Section 8(l) hereof, will be delivered at the offices of Goodwin Procter LLP, 100 Northern Avenue, Boston MA 02210 (the “Closing Location”), and the Firm Shares and the Firm Warrants will be delivered at the Designated Offices, all at the Time of Delivery. A meeting will be held at the Closing Location at 1:00 p.m., New York City time, on the New York Business Day next preceding the Time of Delivery, at which meeting the final drafts of the documents to be delivered pursuant to the preceding sentence will be available for review by the parties hereto. For the purposes of this Section 4, “New York Business Day” shall mean each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in New York City are generally authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

5. The Company agrees with each of the Underwriters:

(a) To prepare the Prospectus in a form approved by you and to file such Prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act not later than the Commission’s close of business on the second business day following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, or, if applicable, such earlier time as may be required by Rule 430A(a)(3) under the Act; to make no further amendment or any supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus prior to the Time of Delivery which shall be disapproved by you promptly after reasonable notice thereof; to advise you, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the time when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus has been filed and to furnish you with copies

thereof; to file promptly all material required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act; to file promptly all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of the Prospectus and for so long as the delivery of a prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is required in connection with the offering or sale of the Shares; to advise you, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus, or other prospectus in respect of the Shares, of the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or for additional information; and, in the event of the issuance of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or other prospectus or suspending any such qualification, to promptly use its best efforts to obtain the withdrawal of such order;

(b) Promptly from time to time to take such action as you may reasonably request to qualify the Shares and Warrants for offering and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as you may request and to comply with such laws so as to permit the continuance of sales and dealings therein in such jurisdictions for as long as may be necessary to complete the distribution of the Shares and Warrants, provided that in connection therewith the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction;

(c) Prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the New York Business Day next succeeding the date of this Agreement and from time to time, to furnish the Underwriters with written and electronic copies of the Prospectus in New York City in such quantities as you may reasonably request, and, if the delivery of a prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is required at any time prior to the expiration of nine months after the time of issue of the Prospectus in connection with the offering or sale of the Shares and Warrants and if at such time any event shall have occurred as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made when such Prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is delivered, not misleading, or, if for any other reason it shall be necessary during such same period to amend or supplement the Prospectus or to file under the Exchange Act any document incorporated by reference in the Prospectus in order to comply with the Act or the Exchange Act, to notify you and upon your request to file such document and to prepare and furnish without charge to each Underwriter and to any dealer in securities as many written and electronic copies as you may from time to time reasonably request of an amended Prospectus or a supplement to the Prospectus which will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance; and in case any Underwriter is required to deliver a prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) in connection with sales of any of the Shares at any time nine months or more after the time of issue of the Prospectus, upon your request but at the expense of such Underwriter, to prepare and deliver to such Underwriter as many written and electronic copies as you may request of an amended or supplemented Prospectus complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the Act;

(d) To make generally available to its securityholders as soon as reasonably practicable, but in any event not later than sixteen months after the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule 158(c) under the Act), an earnings statement of the Company and its subsidiaries (which need not be audited) complying with Section 11(a) of the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (including, at the option of the Company, Rule 158);

(e) During the period beginning from the date hereof and continuing to and including the date 90 days after the date of the Prospectus (other than with respect to any exercise of the Over-Allotment Option by the Representative), not to (i) offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, grant any option to purchase, make any short sale or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, or file with the Commission a registration statement under the Act relating to, any securities of the Company that are substantially similar to the Shares, including but not limited to any options or warrants (including any further Warrants) to purchase shares of Stock or any securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, Stock or any such substantially similar securities (other than (i) the issuance and sale of the Shares to be sold pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) pursuant to employee equity incentive plans existing on the date of this Agreement, (iii) upon the exercise of the Warrants or an option or upon the exercise, conversion or exchange of exercisable, convertible or exchangeable securities outstanding as of the date of this Agreement, which shall include entering into a transaction involving the conversion or exercise of any of

the Company’s issued and outstanding convertible securities, or (iv) the issuance of Stock in connection with mergers or acquisitions of securities, businesses, property or other assets, joint ventures, strategic alliances, provided that prior to any such issuance the Company shall cause any such securities issued pursuant thereto to be subject to transfer restrictions substantially similar to those contained in Annex II hereto), or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge, disposition or filing or (ii) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Stock or any such other securities, or publicly disclose the intention to enter into any such agreement, whether any such transaction (actually entered into or only intended) described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise (other than the Shares to be sold hereunder or pursuant to employee stock option plans existing on, or upon the conversion or exchange of convertible or exchangeable securities outstanding as of, the date of this Agreement), without your prior written consent, provided, the forgoing notwithstanding, the Company shall not be restricted from restructuring its existing indebtedness or incurring additional non-convertible indebtedness;

(f) During a period of one year from the Closing Date, enter into any At the Market Offering agreement (as defined in SEC Rule 415) without your prior written consent;

(g) During a period of three years from the effective date of the Registration Statement, to the extent not available on EDGAR or SEDAR, to furnish to you upon written request copies of all reports or other communications (financial or other) furnished to stockholders, and to deliver to you (i) as soon as they are available, copies of any reports and financial statements furnished to or filed with the Commission or any national securities exchange on which any class of securities of the Company is listed; and (ii) such additional information concerning the business and financial condition of the Company as you may from time to time reasonably request (such financial statements to be on a consolidated basis to the extent the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries are consolidated in reports furnished to its stockholders generally or to the Commission);

(h) To use the net proceeds received by it from the sale of the Shares and Warrants pursuant to this Agreement in the manner specified in the Pricing Prospectus under the caption “Use of Proceeds”;

(i) To obtain the listing, subject to notice of issuance, of the Firm Shares, Option Shares and Warrant Shares on the NYSE and the TSX;

(j) If the Company elects to rely upon Rule 462(b), the Company shall file a Rule 462(b) Registration Statement with the Commission in compliance with Rule 462(b) by 10:00 P.M., Washington, D.C. time, on the date of this Agreement, and the Company shall at the time of filing either pay to the Commission the filing fee for the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement or give irrevocable instructions for the payment of such fee pursuant to Rule 3a(c) of the Commission’s Informal and Other Procedures (17 CFR 202.3a);

(k) To promptly notify you if the Company ceases to be an Emerging Growth Company at any time prior to the completion of the distribution of the Shares and Warrants within the meaning of the Act;

(l) Upon request of any Underwriter, to furnish, or cause to be furnished, to such Underwriter an electronic version of the Company’s trademarks, servicemarks and corporate logo for use on the website, if any, operated by such Underwriter for the purpose of facilitating the on-line offering of the Shares and Warrants (the “License”); provided, however, that the License shall be used solely for the purpose described above, is granted without any fee and may not be assigned or transferred; and

(m) At the request of the Representative, by 11:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the date of this agreement, the Company shall issue a press release disclosing the material terms of this offering.  The Company and the Representative shall consult with each other in issuing any other press releases with respect to this offering, and neither the Company nor any Underwriter shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public statement without the prior consent of the Company, with respect to any press release of such Underwriter, or without the prior consent of such Underwriter, with respect to any press release of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure is required by law, in which case the disclosing party shall promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public statement or communication.  The Company will not issue press releases or engage in any other publicity, without the Representative’s prior written consent, for a period ending at 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the first business day following the 40th

day following the Time of Delivery, other than normal and customary releases issued in the ordinary course of the Company’s business.

6. (a) The Company represents and agrees that, without the prior consent of the Representative, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the Act; each Underwriter represents and agrees, severally and not jointly, that, without the prior consent of the Company and the Representative it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Shares and Warrants that would constitute a free writing prospectus; any such free writing prospectus, the use of which has been consented to by the Company and the Representative, is listed on Schedule II(a) hereto;

(b) The Company has complied and will comply with the requirements of Rule 433 under the Act applicable to any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, including timely filing with the Commission or retention where required and legending; and

(c) The Company agrees that if at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus any event occurred or occurs as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus would conflict with the information in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances then prevailing, not misleading, the Company will give prompt notice thereof to the Representative and, if requested by the Representative, will prepare and furnish without charge to each Underwriter an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or other document which will correct such conflict, statement or omission; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions in an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein.

7. The Company covenants and agrees with the several Underwriters that the Company will pay or cause to be paid the following: (i) the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company’s counsel and accountants in connection with the registration of the Shares under the Act and all other expenses in connection with the preparation, printing, reproduction and filing of the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and the Prospectus and amendments and supplements thereto and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to the Underwriters and dealers; (ii) the cost of printing or producing any Agreement among Underwriters, this Agreement, the Blue Sky Memorandum, closing documents (including any compilations thereof) and any other documents in connection with the offering, purchase, sale and delivery of the Shares; (iii) all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Shares for offering and sale under state securities laws as provided in Section 5(b) hereof, including the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with such qualification and in connection with the Blue Sky survey, which fees and expenses shall be included in the amount set forth in subsection (v) to this Section 7; (iv) all fees and expenses in connection with listing the Shares on the NYSE and the TSX; (vi) the actual, documented fees and expenses of counsel for the Representative, which shall not exceed $90,000; (vii) the cost of preparing stock certificates; (viii) the cost and charges of any transfer agent or registrar and the warrant agent, and of the Representative’s clearing agent which shall be $10,000; and (ix) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder which are not otherwise specifically provided for in this Section (including any taxes on the purchase of the Shares and/or Warrants by the Underwriters). It is understood, however, that, except as provided in this Section, and Sections 9 and 12 hereof, the Underwriters will pay all of their own costs and expenses, including additional fees of their counsel not included herein, stock transfer taxes on resale of any of the Shares and/or Warrants by them (if applicable and unless they are payable by the purchaser of the Shares), any advertising expenses connected with any offers they may make and all travel, lodging and other expenses of the Underwriters or any of their employees in connection with any “road show” undertaken in connection with the marketing of the offering of the Shares and Warrants, and 50% of the cost of any aircraft chartered in connection with any road show.

8. The obligations of the Underwriters hereunder, as to the Shares and Warrants to be delivered at the Time of Delivery and/or the applicable Option Closing Date, shall be subject, in their discretion, to the condition that all representations and warranties and other statements of the Company herein are, at and as of the Time of Delivery and the applicable Option Closing Date, true and correct, the condition that the Company shall have performed all of its obligations hereunder theretofore to be performed, and the following additional conditions:

(a) The Prospectus shall have been filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by the rules and regulations under the Act and in accordance with Section 5(a) hereof; all material required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act shall have been filed with the Commission within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule 433; if the Company has elected to rely upon Rule 462(b) under the Act, the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement shall have become effective by 10:00 P.M., Washington, D.C. time, on the date of this Agreement; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; no stop order suspending or preventing the use of the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; and all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission shall have been complied with to your reasonable satisfaction;

(b) Goodwin Procter LLP, counsel for the Company and its U.S. subsidiaries, shall have furnished to you their written opinion and negative assurance letter, each dated the Time of Delivery, in form and substance satisfactory to you and a “bringdown” letter at each Option Closing Date, if any;

(c) Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP, Canadian counsel for the Company, and its Canadian subsidiaries, shall have furnished to you their written opinion, dated the Time of Delivery in form and substance satisfactory to you and a “bringdown” letter at each relevant Option Closing Date, if any;

(d) Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, shall have furnished to you such written opinion and negative assurance letter, each dated the Time of Delivery, in form and substance satisfactory to you with respect to such matters as you may reasonably request, and a “bringdown” letter at each Option Closing Date, if any, and such counsel shall have received such papers and information as they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters;

(e) At the Time of Delivery, Deloitte LLP shall have furnished to you a letter or letters, dated the respective dates of delivery thereof, in form and substance satisfactory to you in customary form and substance, and a “bringdown” letter at each Option Closing Date, if any;

(f) Not used;

(g) (i) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries shall have sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Prospectus any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Pricing Prospectus, and (ii) since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Pricing Prospectus there shall not have been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the general affairs, management, financial position, stockholders’ equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Pricing Prospectus, the effect of which, in any such case described in clause (i) or (ii), is in your judgment so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Shares being delivered at the Time of Delivery on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus;

(h) On or after the Applicable Time (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded the Company’s debt securities or preferred stock by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization”, as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the Act, and (ii) no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, with possible negative implications, its rating of any of the Company’s debt securities or preferred stock;

(i) On or after the Applicable Time there shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) a suspension or material limitation in trading in securities generally on the NYSE or NASDAQ; (ii) a suspension or material limitation in trading in the Company’s securities on the NYSE; (iii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities declared by either Federal or New York State authorities or a material disruption in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United States; (iv) the outbreak or escalation of hostilities involving

the United States or the declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war or (v) the occurrence of any other calamity or crisis or any change in financial, political or economic conditions in the United States or elsewhere, if the effect of any such event specified in clause (iv) or (v) in your judgment makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Shares being delivered at the Time of Delivery on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus;

(j) The Firm Shares; the Option Shares, the Firm Warrant Shares and the Option Warrant Shares shall have been duly listed, subject to notice of issuance (and in the case of the TSX, satisfaction of customary listing conditions), on the NYSE and the TSX;

(k) The Company shall have obtained and delivered to the Underwriters executed copies of an agreement from directors and officers of the Company named on Schedule III hereto, substantially in the form attached hereto as Annex II; provided that the Representative shall not be allowed to release any or all signatories of such agreements from the obligations thereunder without the prior consent of the Company;

(l) The Company shall have complied with the provisions of Section 5(c) hereof with respect to the furnishing of prospectuses on the New York Business Day next succeeding the date of this Agreement; and

(m) The Company shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to you at the Time of Delivery certificates of officers and the secretary of the Company satisfactory to you as to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company herein at and as of the Time of Delivery, as to the performance by the Company of all of its obligations hereunder to be performed at or prior to the Time of Delivery, as to the matters set forth in subsections (a) and (h) of this Section and as to such other matters as you may reasonably request.

9. (a) The Company will indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which such Underwriter may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any “issuer information” filed or required to be filed pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and will reimburse each Underwriter for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Underwriter in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein.

(b) Each Underwriter will severally and not jointly indemnify and hold harmless the Company against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which the Company may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by such Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein; and will reimburse the Company for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred, it being understood and agreed upon that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the following information in the Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus furnished on behalf of each Underwriter: the names of the Underwriters appearing on the front cover page of the Prospectuses and in the table of Underwriters in the first

paragraph of text under the caption “Underwriting” in the Prospectuses;  [the fifth paragraph of text under the caption “Underwriting” in the Prospectuses, concerning the terms of the offering by the Underwriters; [and the thirteenth and fourteenth paragraphs of text  under the caption “Underwriting” in the Prospectuses, concerning short sales, stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover positions created by short sales by the Underwriters.

(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under such subsection, promptly notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under such subsection. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and, after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under such subsection for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses, in each case subsequently incurred by such indemnified party, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. No indemnifying party shall, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 9 is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Shares. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law or if the indemnified party failed to give the notice required under subsection (c) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company on the one hand or the Underwriters on the other and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection (d) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this subsection (d). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Shares underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters’

obligations in this subsection (d) to contribute are several in proportion to their respective underwriting obligations and not joint.

(e) The obligations of the Company under this Section 9 shall be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each dealer selected by each Underwriter that participated in the offer and sale of the Shares (each a “Selected Dealer”) and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter or Selected Dealer within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act and each affiliate of any Underwriter within the meaning of Rule 405 of the Act; and the obligations of the Underwriters under this Section 9 shall be in addition to any liability which the respective Underwriters may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each officer and director of the Company and to each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act.

10. (a) If any Underwriter shall default in its obligation to purchase the Shares or Warrants which it has agreed to purchase hereunder at the Time of Delivery or any Option Closing Date, you may in your discretion arrange for you or another party or other parties to purchase such Securities on the terms contained herein. If within thirty-six hours after such default by any Underwriter you do not arrange for the purchase of such Securities, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of thirty-six hours within which to procure another party or other parties satisfactory to you to purchase such Securities on such terms. In the event that, within the respective prescribed periods, you notify the Company that you have so arranged for the purchase of such Securities, or the Company notifies you that it has so arranged for the purchase of such Securities, you or the Company shall have the right to postpone the Time of Delivery for a period of not more than seven days, in order to effect whatever changes may thereby be made necessary in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or in any other documents or arrangements, and the Company agrees to file promptly any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which in your opinion may thereby be made necessary. The term “Underwriter” as used in this Agreement shall include any person substituted under this Section with like effect as if such person had originally been a party to this Agreement with respect to such Securities.

(b) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by you and the Company as provided in subsection (a) above, the aggregate number of such Shares which remains unpurchased does not exceed one-eleventh of the aggregate number of all the Shares to be purchased at the Time of Delivery, then the Company shall have the right to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase the number of Shares which such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder at the Time of Delivery and, in addition, to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase its pro rata share (based on the number of Shares which such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder) of the Shares of such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters for which such arrangements have not been made; but nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.

(c) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Shares of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by you and the Company as provided in subsection (a) above, the aggregate number of such Shares which remains unpurchased exceeds one-eleventh of the aggregate number of all the Shares to be purchased at the Time of Delivery, or if the Company shall not exercise the right described in subsection (b) above to require non-defaulting Underwriters to purchase Shares of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters, then this Agreement shall thereupon terminate, without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter or the Company, except for the expenses to be borne by the Company and the Underwriters as provided in Section 7 hereof and the indemnity and contribution agreements in Section 9 hereof; but nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.

11. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the Company and the several Underwriters, as set forth in, or incorporated by reference into, this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them, respectively, pursuant to this Agreement, shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation (or any statement as to the results thereof) made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or any controlling person of any Underwriter, or the Company, or any officer or director or controlling person of the Company, and shall survive delivery of and payment for the Shares and Warrants.

12. If this Agreement shall be terminated pursuant to Section 10 hereof, the Company shall not then be under any liability to any Underwriter except as provided in Sections 7 and 9 hereof; but, if for any other reason, any Shares or Warrants are not delivered by or on behalf of the Company as provided herein, the Company will reimburse the Underwriters through you for all out-of-pocket expenses approved in writing by you, including fees and disbursements of counsel, reasonably incurred by the Underwriters in making preparations for the purchase, sale and delivery of the Shares and/or Warrants not so delivered, but the Company shall then be under no further liability to any Underwriter except as provided in Sections 7 and 9 hereof.

13. In all dealings hereunder, you shall act on behalf of each of the Underwriters, and the parties hereto shall be entitled to act and rely upon any statement, request, notice or agreement on behalf of any Underwriter made or given by you.

All statements, requests, notices and agreements hereunder shall be in writing, and if to the Underwriters shall be delivered or sent by mail, email, telex or facsimile transmission to you as the Representative in care of: H.C. Wainwright & co., LLC, 430 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022, Attention: Head of Investment Banking, email: notices@hcwco.com, and if to the Company shall be delivered or sent by mail, email, telex or facsimile transmission to the address of the Company set forth in the Registration Statement, Attention: Secretary, email: Thomas.desbiens@bio-amber.com, with a copy to Goodwin Procter LLP, Exchange Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02109, Attention: Jocelyn M. Arel, Esq.; provided, however, that any notice to an Underwriter pursuant to Section 9(c) hereof shall be delivered or sent by mail, email, or facsimile transmission to such Underwriter at its address or email address set forth in its Underwriters’ Questionnaire, or telex constituting such Questionnaire, which address will be supplied to the Company by you upon request.

In accordance with the requirements of the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)), the Underwriters are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies their respective clients, including the Company, which information may include the name and address of their respective clients, as well as other information that will allow the Underwriters to properly identify their respective clients.

14. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and inure solely to the benefit of, the Underwriters, the Company and, to the extent provided in Sections 9 and 11 hereof, the officers and directors of the Company and each person who controls the Company or any Underwriter, and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, and no other person shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement. No purchaser of any of the Shares or Warrants from any Underwriter shall be deemed a successor or assign by reason merely of such purchase.

15. Time shall be of the essence of this Agreement. As used herein, the term “business day” shall mean any day when the Commission’s office in Washington, D.C. is open for business.

16. The Company acknowledges and agrees that (i) the purchase and sale of the Shares and Warrants pursuant to this Agreement is an arm’s-length commercial transaction between the Company, on the one hand, and the several Underwriters, on the other, (ii) in connection therewith and with the process leading to such transaction each Underwriter is acting solely as a principal and not the agent or fiduciary of the Company, (iii) no Underwriter has assumed an advisory or fiduciary responsibility in favor of the Company with respect to the offering contemplated hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether such Underwriter has advised or is currently advising the Company on other matters) or any other obligation to the Company except the obligations expressly set forth in this Agreement and (iv) the Company has consulted its own legal and financial advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate. The Company agrees that it will not claim that the Underwriters, or any of them, has rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owes a fiduciary or similar duty to the Company, in connection with such transaction or the process leading thereto.

17. The Company acknowledges that the Underwriters’ respective research analysts and research departments are required to be independent from their respective investment banking divisions and are subject to certain regulations and internal policies, and that such Underwriters’ research analysts may hold views and make statements or investment recommendations and/or publish research reports with respect to the Company and/or the offering that differ from the views of their respective investment banking divisions. The Company hereby waives and releases, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims that the Company may have against the Underwriters with respect to

any conflict that may arise from the fact that the views expressed by their independent research analysts and research departments may be different from or inconsistent with the views or advice communicated to the Company by such Underwriters’ investment banking divisions. The Company acknowledges that each of the Underwriters is a full service securities firm and as such from time to time, subject to applicable securities laws, may effect transactions for its own account or the account of its customers and hold long or short positions in debt or equity securities of the companies that may be the subject of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

18. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings (whether written or oral) between the Company and the Underwriters, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof.

19. THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY MATTERS RELATED TO THIS TRANSACTION SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. The Company agrees that any suit or proceeding arising in respect of this agreement or our engagement will be tried exclusively in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York or, if that court does not have subject matter jurisdiction, in any state court located in The City and County of New York and the Company agrees to submit to the jurisdiction of, and to venue in, such courts.

20. The Company and each of the Underwriters hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.

21. This Agreement may be executed by any one or more of the parties hereto in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.

[Remainder of page left intentionally blank]

If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please sign and return to us four counterparts hereof, and upon the acceptance hereof by you, on behalf of each of the Underwriters, this letter and such acceptance hereof shall constitute a binding agreement among each of the Underwriters and the Company. It is understood that your acceptance of this letter on behalf of each of the Underwriters is pursuant to the authority set forth in a form of Agreement among Underwriters, the form of which shall be submitted to the Company for examination upon request, but without warranty on your part as to the authority of the signers thereof.  

SCHEDULE I

SCHEDULE II

(a) Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses: None

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SCHEDULE III

Signatories to lock-up letters contemplated by Section 8(k):

I. Directors and Officers

Raymond J. Land

Kurt Briner

Robert Frost

Heinz Haller

Ellen B. Richstone

Kenneth W. Wall

Mario Settino

Fabrice Orecchioni

Roger Laurent Bernier

Thomas Desbiens

Michael A. Hartmann

James R. Millis

II. Other Stockholders

Dilum Dunuwila

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