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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

OR

From                      to                     

Commission File Number: 001-11703

GENCOR INDUSTRIES, INC.

(407) 290-6000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes  ☐                 No  ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

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GENCOR INDUSTRIES, INC.

Introductory Note: Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 10-Q Report and the Company’s other communications and statements may contain “forward-looking statements,” including statements about the Company’s beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, estimates, projections and intentions. These statements are subject to significant risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control. The words “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “target,” “goal,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to risks and uncertainties. The Company’s actual future results may differ materially from those set forth in its forward-looking statements. For information concerning these factors and related matters, see Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in this Report, and the following sections of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2016: (a) “Risk Factors” in Part I, and (b) “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II. However, other factors besides those referenced could adversely affect the Company’s results, and you should not consider any such list of factors to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties. Any forward-looking statements made by the Company herein speak as of the date of this Report. The Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

Unless the context otherwise indicates, all references in this Report to the “Company,” “Gencor,” “we,” “us,” or “our,” or similar words are to Gencor Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

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Part I. Financial Information

GENCOR INDUSTRIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENCOR INDUSTRIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENCOR INDUSTRIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENCOR INDUSTRIES, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 1 - Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all material adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the interim financial information. Operating results for the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending September 30, 2017.

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2016 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.

For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Gencor Industries, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2016.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In July 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which is a part of FASB’s Simplification initiative. The areas for simplification in ASU 2016-09 involve several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment awards issued by entities to their employees, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2016-09 during the quarter ended March 31, 2017 with no material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Note 2 - Marketable Securities

Marketable debt and equity securities are categorized as trading securities and are thus marked to market and stated at fair value. Fair value is determined using the quoted closing or latest bid prices for Level 1 investments and market standard valuation methodologies for Level 2 investments. Realized gains and losses on investment transactions are determined by specific identification and are recognized as incurred in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Net unrealized gains and losses are reported in the condensed consolidated statements of income in the current period and represent the change in the fair value of investment holdings during the period.

Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of financial instruments is presented based upon a hierarchy of levels that prioritizes the inputs of valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The fair value of marketable equity securities, exchange-traded funds, mutual funds, government securities and cash and money funds are substantially based on quoted market prices (Level 1). Corporate and municipal bonds are valued using market standard valuation methodologies, including: discounted cash flow methodologies, matrix pricing or other similar techniques. The inputs to these market standard valuation methodologies include, but are not limited to: interest rates, credit standing of the issuer or counterparty, industry sector of the issuer, coupon rate, call provisions, maturity, estimated duration and assumptions regarding liquidity and estimated future cash flows. In addition to bond characteristics, the valuation methodologies incorporate market data, such as actual trades completed, bids and actual dealer quotes, where such information is available. Accordingly, the estimated fair values are based on available market information and judgments about financial instruments (Level 2). Fair values of the Level 2 investments, if any, are provided by the Company’s professional investment management firm.

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The following table sets forth, by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Company’s assets measured at fair value as of March 31, 2017:

Net unrealized gains included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2017, on trading securities still held as of March 31, 2017, were $311,000 and $465,000, respectively. There were no transfers of investments between Level 1 and Level 2 during the six months ended March 31, 2017.

The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Company’s assets measured at fair value as of September 30, 2016:

Net unrealized gains included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2016, on trading securities still held as of March 31, 2016, were $647,000 and $1,590,000, respectively. There were no transfers of investments between Level 1 and Level 2 during the six months ended March 31, 2016.

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these items.

Note 3 - Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost being determined principally by using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method and market defined as replacement cost for raw materials and net realizable value for work in process and finished goods. Appropriate consideration is given to obsolescence, excessive levels, deterioration, possible alternative uses and other factors in determining net realizable value. The cost of work in process and finished goods includes materials, direct labor, variable costs and overhead. The Company evaluates the need to record inventory allowances on all inventories, including raw material, work in process, finished goods, spare parts and used equipment. Used equipment acquired by the Company on trade-in from customers is included in inventory and carried at estimated net realizable value. Unless specific circumstances warrant different treatment regarding inventory obsolescence, the cost basis of inventories three to four years old is reduced by 50%, while the cost basis of inventories four to five years old is reduced by 75%, and the cost basis of inventories greater than five years old is reduced to zero. Inventory is typically reviewed for obsolescence on an annual basis computed as of September 30, the Company’s fiscal year end. If significant known changes in trends, technology or other specific circumstances that warrant consideration occur during the year, then the impact on obsolescence is considered at that time. No such provisions were made during the quarter or six months ended March 31, 2017.

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Net inventories at March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016 consist of the following:

Note 4 - Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016 consist of the following:

Note 5 - Earnings per Share Data

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include basic and diluted earnings per share information. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the quarters and six months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:

On July 11, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a three-for-two split of the Company’s common and Class B stock to be effected in the form of a 50% stock dividend. As a result, shareholders received one additional share of common or Class B stock for every two shares they held of the respective class of stock as of the record date. These shares were distributed on August 1, 2016, to shareholders of record as of the end of business on July 22, 2016. All share and per share data (except par value) have been adjusted to reflect the effect of the stock split for all periods presented. The number of shares of common and Class B stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options were proportionately increased in accordance with terms of the respective plans. The number of authorized shares, as reflected on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, was not affected by the stock split and, accordingly, has not been adjusted.

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Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted-average number of shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is based on the sum of the weighted-average number of shares outstanding plus common stock equivalents. The weighted-average shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options included in the diluted earnings per share calculation for the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2017 were 469,000 and 475,000, respectively, which equates to 207,000 and 210,000 dilutive common stock equivalents, respectively. Weighted-average shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options included in the diluted earnings per share calculation for the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2016 were 476,000 and 481,000, respectively, which equates to 169,000 and 146,000 dilutive common stock equivalents, respectively. There were no anti-dilutive shares for the quarters and six month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Note 6 - Customers with 10% (or greater) of Net Revenues

Net revenues from our three largest customers represented 15.0%, 13.5%, and 13.0% of net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2017, and 8.8%, 8.0% and 7.6% of net revenues for the six months ended March 31, 2017. There were no significant revenues recognized from these three customers for the three or six months ended March 31, 2016.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

Gencor Industries, Inc. (the “Company”) is a leading manufacturer of heavy machinery used in the production of highway construction materials and environmental control equipment. The Company’s core products include asphalt plants, combustion systems, and fluid heat transfer systems. The Company’s products are manufactured in two facilities in the United States.

Because the Company’s products are sold primarily to the highway construction industry, the business is seasonal in nature. Traditionally, the Company’s customers do not purchase new equipment for shipment during the summer and fall months to avoid disrupting their peak season for highway construction and repair work. The majority of orders for the Company’s products are thus received between October and February, with a significant volume of shipments occurring prior to June. The principal factors driving demand for the Company’s products are the overall economic conditions, the level of government funding for domestic highway construction and repair, Canadian infrastructure spending, the need for spare parts, fluctuations in the price of crude oil (liquid asphalt as well as fuel costs), and a trend towards larger plants resulting from industry consolidation.

On July 6, 2012, President Obama signed a $118 billion transportation bill, Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (“MAP-21”). MAP-21 included a final three-month extension of the previous SAFETEA-LU bill at then current spending levels combined with a new two-year, $105 billion authorization of the federal highway, transit, and safety programs effective October 1, 2012. The bill provided states with two years of funding to build roads, bridges, and transit systems. On August 8, 2014, President Obama signed a $10.8 billion ten-month bill to fund federal highway and mass-transit programs through May 31, 2015. On May 29, 2015, MAP-21 was extended through July 31, 2015. On July 31, 2015, President Obama signed a three-month extension of MAP-21 which provided $8 billion in funding for the Highway Trust Fund from August 1, 2015 through October 29, 2015. Two additional short-term extensions were approved between October 29, 2015 and December 4, 2015.

On December 4, 2015, President Obama signed into law a five-year, $305 billion transportation bill, Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act (the “FAST Act”). The FAST Act reauthorized the collection of the 18.4 cents per gallon gas tax that is typically used to pay for transportation projects. It also included $70 billion from other areas of the federal budget to close a $16 billion annual funding deficit. The bill includes spending of more than $205 billion on roads and highways over five years. The 2016 funding levels are approximately 5% above 2015 projected funding, with annual increases between 2.0% and 2.5% from 2016 through 2020.

In addition to government funding and overall economic conditions, fluctuations in the price of oil, which is a major component of asphalt mix, may affect the Company’s financial performance. An increase in the price of oil increases the cost of liquid asphalt and could, therefore, decrease demand for hot mix asphalt paving materials and certain of the Company’s products. Increases in oil prices also drive up the cost of gasoline and diesel, which results in increased freight costs. Where possible, the Company will pass increased freight costs on to its customers. However, the Company may not be able to recapture all of the increased costs and thus could have a negative impact on the Company’s financial performance.

Steel is a major component used in manufacturing the Company’s equipment. The Company is subject to fluctuations in market prices for raw materials such as steel. If the Company is unable to purchase materials it requires or is unable to pass on price increases to its customers or otherwise reduce its cost of goods sold, its business results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

The Company believes its strategy of continuing to invest in product engineering and development and its focus on delivering the highest quality products and superior service will strengthen the Company’s market position. The Company continues to review its internal processes to identify inefficiencies and cost-reduction opportunities. The Company will continue to scrutinize its relationships with external suppliers to ensure it is achieving the highest quality materials and services at the most competitive cost.

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Results of Operations

Quarter Ended March 31, 2017 versus March 31, 2016

Net revenues for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 increased $448,000 to $22,526,000 from $22,078,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2016. The Company has continued to see increased demand for its equipment during the second quarter of 2017.

As a percent of sales, gross profit margin increased to 29.6% in the quarter ended March 31, 2017, from 24.6% in the quarter ended March 31, 2016. The higher gross profit margin was due to improved efficiencies and cost absorption on higher production volumes.

Product engineering and development expenses increased $91,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2016, due to increased staffing. Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses decreased $63,000 in the quarter ended March 31, 2017, compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2016. As a percentage of net revenues, SG&A expenses decreased to 9.4%, compared to 9.9% in the prior year quarter.

The Company had operating income of $4,060,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 versus $2,872,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2016. Operating margins improved to 18.0%, compared to 13.0% in the prior year quarter. The increase in operating income was due to improved gross profit margins.

For the quarter ended March 31, 2017, interest and dividend income, net of fees, from the investment portfolio was $162,000, as compared to $204,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2016. Net realized and unrealized gains on marketable securities were $656,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, as compared to net realized and unrealized losses of $(490,000) for the quarter ended March 31, 2016.

The effective income tax rate for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 was 30.0% versus 37.0% for the quarter ended March 31, 2016. Net income for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 was $3,415,000, or $.23 per diluted share, versus $1,630,000, or $.11 per diluted share, for the quarter ended March 31, 2016. The increase in net income was due to the improved sales, higher gross and operating margins, and higher investment income.

Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 versus March 31, 2016

Net sales for the six months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 were $38,309,000 and $35,336,000, respectively, an increase of 8.4% as the positive impact of the FAST Act continued to aid results.

Gross profit margin increased to 28.2% in the six months ended March 31, 2017 from 24.7% in the six months ended March 31, 2016. The higher gross profit margin resulted from increased net revenues, improved efficiencies and cost absorption.

Product engineering and development expenses increased $125,000 in the six months ended March 31, 2017, compared to the six months ended March 31, 2016. SG&A expenses increased $342,000 in the six months ended March 31, 2017, compared to the six months ended March 31, 2016. As a percentage of net revenues, SG&A expenses were 11.3%, compared to 11.2% in the prior year six months. The higher expenses in 2017 were due to increased headcount and sales commissions from improved net revenues.

The Company had operating income of $5,604,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2017 versus $3,987,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2016. The improved operating results were due to increased net revenues and gross profit margins. Operating margins improved to 14.6%, compared to 11.3% in the six months ended March 31, 2016.

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For the six months ended March 31, 2017, interest and dividend income, net of fees, from the investment portfolio was $203,000, as compared to $589,000 in 2016. Net realized and unrealized gains on marketable securities were $1,063,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2017 versus $103,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2016.

The effective income tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2017 was 30.0% versus 31.5% for the six months ended March 31, 2016. The effective income tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2016 was positively impacted by a $256,000 increase in the prior year federal tax benefit estimate. Net income for the six months ended March 31, 2017 was $4,809,000, or $.33 per diluted share, versus $3,205,000, or $.22 per diluted share, for the six months ended March 31, 2016. The increase in net income was due to the improved net revenues and gross profit margins, and higher investment income.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company generates capital resources through operations and returns on its investments.

The Company had no long-term or short-term debt outstanding at March 31, 2017 or September 30, 2016. The Company does not currently require a credit facility. As of March 31, 2017, the Company had funded $135,000 in cash deposits at insurance companies to cover related collateral needs.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had $27,036,000 in cash and cash equivalents, and $87,204,000 in marketable securities, including $69,712,000 in government securities, $9,182,000 in equities, $5,411,000 in mutual funds, and $1,372,000 in exchange-traded funds, and $1,527,000 in cash and money funds. The marketable securities are invested through a global professional investment management firm. These securities may be liquidated at any time into cash and cash equivalents.

The Company’s backlog was $42.9 at March 31, 2017, compared to $31.6 million at March 31, 2016. The Company’s working capital (defined as current assets less current liabilities) was equal to $120.5 million at March 31, 2017 and $115.2 million at September 30, 2016. Cash provided by operations during the six months ended March 31, 2017 was $9,139,000. The significant purchases, sales and maturities of marketable securities shown on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows reflect the recurring purchase and sale of United States treasury bills. Accounts receivable increased $632,000 as parts sales increased during the quarter ended March 31, 2017, as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2016. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings decreased $3,241,000 with the timing of customer payments on open percentage-of-completion jobs. Inventories increased $2,964,000 reflecting an increase in jobs-in-progress at March 31, 2017, compared to September 30, 2016. Accounts payable increased $1,698,000 reflecting increased parts and raw material purchases. Customer deposits increased $2,795,000 with the increase in the number of open percentage-of-completion jobs, compared to September 30, 2016.

Cash flows used in investing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2017 of $420,000 were related to capital expenditures. Cash flows from financing activities of $98,000 during the six months ended March 31, 2017 reflect the proceeds received from stock option exercises.

Seasonality

The Company primarily manufactures and sells asphalt plants and related components and is subject to a seasonal slow-down during the third and fourth quarters of the calendar year. This slow-down often results in lower reported sales and operating results during the first and fourth quarters of each fiscal year ended September 30.

Forward-Looking Information

This Report on Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which represent the Company’s expectations and beliefs, including, but not limited to, statements concerning gross margins, sales of the Company’s products and future financing plans. These statements by their nature involve substantial risks and uncertainties, certain of which are beyond the Company’s control. Actual results may differ materially depending on a variety of important factors, including the financial condition of the Company’s customers, changes in the economic and competitive environments, and demand for the Company’s products.

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For information concerning these factors and related matters, see the following sections of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2016: (a) “Risk Factors” in Part I and (b) “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II. However, other factors besides those referenced could adversely affect the Company’s results, and you should not consider any such list of factors to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties. Any forward-looking statements made by the Company herein speak as of the date of this Report. The Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Assumptions

The Company believes the following discussion addresses its most critical accounting policies, which are those that are most important to the portrayal of the financial condition and results of operations and require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Accounting policies, in addition to the critical accounting policies referenced below, are presented in Note 1 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2016, “Accounting Policies.”

Estimates and Assumptions

In preparing the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company uses certain estimates and assumptions that may affect reported amounts and disclosures. Estimates and assumptions are used, among other places, when accounting for certain revenue (e.g., contract accounting), expense, and asset and liability valuations. The Company believes that the estimates and assumptions made in preparing the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are reasonable, but are inherently uncertain. Assumptions may be incomplete or inaccurate and unanticipated events may occur. The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ from estimated results.

Revenues & Expenses

Revenues from contracts for the design, manufacture and sale of asphalt plants are recognized under the percentage-of-completion method. The percentage-of-completion method of accounting for these contracts recognizes revenue, net of any promotional discounts, and costs in proportion to actual labor costs incurred as compared with total estimated labor costs expected to be incurred during the entire contract. Pre-contract costs are expensed as incurred. Changes to total estimated contract costs or losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined. Revenue recognized in excess of amounts billed is classified as current assets under “costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings.” The Company anticipates that all incurred costs associated with these contracts at March 31, 2017 will be billed and collected within one year.

Revenues from all other contracts for the design and manufacture of custom equipment, for service and for parts sales, net of any discounts and return allowances, are recorded when the following four revenue recognition criteria are met: product is delivered or service is performed, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the selling price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.

Return allowances, which reduce product revenue, are estimated using historical experience. The Company’s customers may qualify for certain cash rebates generally based on the level of sales attained during a twelve-month period. Provisions for these rebates, as well as estimated returns and allowances and other adjustments are provided for in the same period the related sales are recorded.

Product warranty costs are estimated using historical experience and known issues and are charged to production costs as revenue is recognized.

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All product engineering and development costs, and selling, general and administrative expenses are charged to operations as incurred. Provision is made for any anticipated contract losses in the period that the loss becomes evident.

The allowance for doubtful accounts is determined by performing a specific review of all account balances greater than 90 days past due and other higher risk amounts to determine collectability and also adjusting for any known customer payment issues with account balances in the less-than-90-day past due aging buckets. Account balances are charged off against the allowance for doubtful accounts when they are determined to be uncollectable. Any recoveries of account balances previously considered in the allowance for doubtful accounts reduce future additions to the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost being determined principally by using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method and market defined as replacement cost for raw materials and net realizable value for work in process and finished goods. Appropriate consideration is given to obsolescence, excessive levels, deterioration, possible alternative uses and other factors in determining net realizable value. The cost of work in process and finished goods includes materials, direct labor, variable costs and overhead. The Company evaluates the need to record inventory adjustments on all inventories, including raw material, work in process, finished goods, spare parts and used equipment. Used equipment acquired by the Company on trade-in from customers is carried at estimated net realizable value. Unless specific circumstances warrant different treatment regarding inventory obsolescence, the cost basis of inventories three to four years old are reduced by 50%, while the cost basis of inventories four to five years old are reduced by 75%, and the cost basis of inventories greater than five years old are reduced to zero. Inventory is typically reviewed for obsolescence on an annual basis computed as of September 30, the Company’s fiscal year end. If significant known changes in trends, technology or other specific circumstances that warrant consideration occur during the year, then the impact on obsolescence is considered at that time.

Investments

Marketable debt and equity securities are categorized as trading securities and are thus marked to market and stated at fair value. Fair value is determined using the quoted closing or latest bid prices for Level 1 investments and market standard valuation methodologies for Level 2 investments. Realized gains and losses on investment transactions are determined by specific identification and are recognized as incurred in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Net unrealized gains and losses are reported in the condensed consolidated statements of income in the current period and represent the change in the fair value of investment holdings during the period.

Long-Lived Asset Impairment

Property and equipment and intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset (or asset group) may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The amount of the impairment loss to be recorded is calculated by the excess over its fair value of the asset’s carrying value. Fair value is generally determined using a discounted cash flow analysis.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company operates manufacturing facilities and sales offices principally located in the United States. The Company is subject to business risks inherent in non-U.S. activities, including political and economic uncertainty, import and export limitations, and market risk related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. The Company may use derivative financial instruments consisting primarily of interest rate hedge agreements to manage exposure to interest rate changes. The Company’s objective in managing its exposure to changes in interest rates on any future variable rate debt is to limit the impact on earnings and cash flow and reduce overall borrowing costs.

At March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, the Company had no debt outstanding. The Company’s marketable securities are invested primarily in cash and money funds, equities, government securities, mutual funds and exchange-traded funds through a global professional investment management firm. Investment securities are exposed to various risks, such as interest rate, market and credit risks. Due to the level of risk associated with investment securities, it is possible that changes in these risk factors could have an adverse material impact on the Company’s results of operations or equity.

The Company’s sensitivity analysis for interest rate risk excludes accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities because of the short-term maturity of such instruments. The analysis does not consider the effect on other variables, such as changes in sales volumes or management’s actions with respect to levels of capital expenditures, future acquisitions or planned divestures, all of which could be significantly influenced by changes in interest rates.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Principal Financial and Accounting Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Because of inherent limitations, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well-designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of such disclosure controls and procedures are met and no evaluation can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer, has reviewed the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2017 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II. Other Information

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time the Company is engaged in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe any current legal proceedings are material to our business.

ITEM  lA. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended September 30,2016, as filed with the SEC on December 2, 2016.

Item 6. Exhibits

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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