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EX-32.1 - EXHIBIT 32.1 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm-10xqx1q2017xex321.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm-10xqx1q2017xex312.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm-10xqx1q2017xex311.htm
EX-10.23 - EXHIBIT 10.23 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_23.htm
EX-10.22 - EXHIBIT 10.22 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_22.htm
EX-10.21 - EXHIBIT 10.21 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_21.htm
EX-10.20 - EXHIBIT 10.20 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_20.htm
EX-10.19 - EXHIBIT 10.19 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_19.htm
EX-10.18 - EXHIBIT 10.18 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_18.htm
EX-10.17 - EXHIBIT 10.17 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_17.htm
EX-10.16 - EXHIBIT 10.16 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_16.htm
EX-10.15 - EXHIBIT 10.15 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_15.htm
EX-10.14 - EXHIBIT 10.14 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_14.htm
EX-10.13 - EXHIBIT 10.13 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_13.htm
EX-10.12 - EXHIBIT 10.12 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_12.htm
EX-10.11 - EXHIBIT 10.11 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_11.htm
EX-10.10 - EXHIBIT 10.10 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_10.htm
EX-10.9 - EXHIBIT 10.9 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_9.htm
EX-10.8 - EXHIBIT 10.8 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_8.htm
EX-10.7 - EXHIBIT 10.7 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_7.htm
EX-10.6 - EXHIBIT 10.6 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.a10q1q2017ex106.htm
EX-10.5 - EXHIBIT 10.5 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10-5.htm
EX-10.4 - EXHIBIT 10.4 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm10q1q2017ex10_4.htm
EX-10.3 - EXHIBIT 10.3 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm-10xqx1q2017xex103.htm
EX-10.2 - EXHIBIT 10.2 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm-10xqx1q2017xex102.htm
EX-10.1 - EXHIBIT 10.1 - Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.ozm-10xqx1q2017xex101.htm


 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
FORM 10-Q
 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2017
Commission File Number 001-33805
 
 
OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
 
 
 
Delaware
 
26-0354783
(State of Incorporation)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
 
9 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrant’s telephone number: (212) 790-0000
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  þ    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  þ    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
Large accelerated filer
 
þ
  
Accelerated filer
 
¨
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  
Smaller reporting company
 
¨
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
 
¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨   No þ
As of April 27, 2017, there were 185,127,575 Class A Shares and 267,489,478 Class B Shares outstanding.
 
 





OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
Page
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
Item 5.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 



i



Defined Terms
2007 Offerings
 
Refers collectively to our IPO and the concurrent private offering of approximately 38.1 million Class A Shares to DIC Sahir Limited, a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Dubai Holdings LLC
 
 
 
active executive managing directors
 
Executive managing directors who remain active in our business
 
 
 
Annual Report
 
Our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, dated March 1, 2017 and filed with the SEC
 
 
 
Class A Shares
 
Our Class A Shares, representing Class A limited liability company interests of Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC, which are publicly traded and listed on the NYSE
 
 
 
Class B Shares
 
Class B Shares of Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC, which are not publicly traded, are currently held solely by our executive managing directors and have no economic rights but entitle the holders thereof to one vote per share together with the holders of our Class A Shares
 
 
 
CLOs
 
Collateralized loan obligations
 
 
 
Exchange Act
 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
 
 
executive managing directors
 
The current limited partners of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities other than our intermediate holding companies, including our founder, Daniel S. Och, and, except where the context requires otherwise, include certain limited partners who are no longer active in the business of the Company
 
 
 
GAAP
 
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
 
 
 
intermediate holding companies
 
Refers collectively to Och-Ziff Corp and Och-Ziff Holding, both of which are wholly owned subsidiaries of Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC
 
 
 
Institutional Credit Strategies
 
Our asset management platform that invests in performing credits, including leveraged loans, high-yield bonds, private credit/bespoke financing and investment grade credit via CLOs and other customized solutions
 
 
 
IPO
 
Our initial public offering of 36.0 million Class A Shares that occurred in November 2007
 
 
 
NYSE
 
New York Stock Exchange
 
 
 
Och-Ziff, the Company, the firm, we, us, our
 
Refers, unless the context requires otherwise, to Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and its consolidated subsidiaries, including the Och-Ziff Operating Group
 
 
 
Och-Ziff Corp
 
Och-Ziff Holding Corporation, a Delaware corporation
 
 
 
Och-Ziff funds, funds
 
The multi-strategy, opportunistic credit, real estate and equity funds, Institutional Credit Strategies products and other alternative investment vehicles for which we provide asset management services
 
 
 
Och-Ziff Holding
 
Och-Ziff Holding LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
 
 
 


1



Och-Ziff Operating Group
 
Refers collectively to OZ Management, OZ Advisors I and OZ Advisors II, and their consolidated subsidiaries
 
 
 
Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units
 
Refers collectively to one Class A operating group unit in each of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities. Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units are equity interests held by our executive managing directors.
 
 
 
Och-Ziff Operating Group B Units
 
Refers collectively to one Class B operating group unit in each of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities. Och-Ziff Operating Group B Units are equity interests held by our intermediate holding companies.
 
 
 
Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units
 
Refers collectively to one Class D operating group unit in each of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities. Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units are non-equity, limited partner profits interests held by our executive managing directors.
 
 
 
Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units
 
Refers collectively to one Class P operating group unit in each of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities. Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units are equity interests held by our executive managing directors.
 
 
 
Partner Equity Units
 
Refers collectively to the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units and Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units.
 
 
 
OZ Advisors I
 
OZ Advisors LP, a Delaware limited partnership
 
 
 
OZ Advisors II
 
OZ Advisors II LP, a Delaware limited partnership
 
 
 
OZ Management
 
OZ Management LP, a Delaware limited partnership
 
 
 
Preferred Units
 
One Class A cumulative preferred unit in each of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities collectively represents one “Preferred Unit.” Certain of our executive managing directors collectively own 100% of the Preferred Units.
 
 
 
Registrant
 
Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
 
 
 
Reorganization
 
The reorganization of our business that took place prior to the IPO
 
 
 
SEC
 
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
 
 
 
Securities Act
 
Securities Act of 1933, as amended
 
 
 
Special Investments
 
Investments that we, as investment manager, believe lack a readily ascertainable market value, are illiquid or should be held until the resolution of a special event or circumstance
 
 
 
Ziffs
 
Refers collectively to Ziff Investors Partnership, L.P. II and certain of its affiliates and control persons


2



Available Information
Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information required by the Exchange Act with the SEC. We make available free of charge on our website (www.ozcap.com) our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and any amendments to those filings as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Also posted on our website in the “Public Investors – Corporate Governance” section are charters for our Audit Committee; Compensation Committee; and Nominating, Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee, as well as our Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics governing our directors, officers and employees. Information on, or accessible through, our website is not a part of, and is not incorporated into, this report or any other SEC filing. Copies of our SEC filings or corporate governance materials are available without charge upon written request to Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC, 9 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019, Attention: Office of the Secretary.
Any materials we file with the SEC are also publicly available through the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov) or may be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
No statements herein, available on our website or in any of the materials we file with the SEC constitute, or should be viewed as constituting, an offer of any Och-Ziff fund.
Forward-Looking Statements
Some of the statements under “Part I — Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” which we refer to as the “MD&A,” “Part I — Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” “Part II — Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this quarterly report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act that reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events and financial performance. We generally identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “outlook,” “believe,” “expect,” “potential,” “continue,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seek,” “approximately,” “predict,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “opportunity,” “comfortable,” “assume,” “remain,” “maintain,” “sustain,” “achieve,” “see,” “think,” “position” or the negative version of those words or other comparable words.
Any forward-looking statements contained herein are based upon historical information and on our current plans, estimates and expectations. The inclusion of this or other forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the future plans, estimates or expectations contemplated by us will be achieved.
We caution that forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, estimates, risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to the following: global economic, business, market and geopolitical conditions; U.S. and foreign regulatory developments relating to, among other things, financial institutions and markets, government oversight, fiscal and tax policy; the outcome of third-party litigation involving us; the consequences of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”) settlements with the SEC and the U.S. Department of Justice (the “DOJ”); conditions impacting the alternative asset management industry; our ability to retain existing fund investor capital; our ability to successfully compete for fund investors, assets, professional talent and investment opportunities; our ability to retain our active executive managing directors, managing directors and other investment professionals; our successful formulation and execution of our business and growth strategies; our ability to appropriately manage conflicts of interest and tax and other regulatory factors relevant to our business; and assumptions relating to our operations, investment performance, financial results, financial condition, business prospects, growth strategy and liquidity.
If one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our assumptions or estimates prove to be incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from those indicated in these statements. These factors are not and should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements and risks that are included in our filings with the SEC, including but not limited to our Annual Report.
There may be additional risks, uncertainties and factors that we do not currently view as material or that are not known. The forward-looking statements contained in this report are made only as of the date of this report. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statement because of new information, future developments or otherwise.


3



PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS — UNAUDITED
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Assets
 

 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
351,810

 
$
329,813

Income and fees receivable
60,319

 
176,638

Due from related parties
19,352

 
20,494

Deferred income tax assets
684,788

 
695,441

Other assets, net (includes assets measured at fair value of $22,048 and $21,341 as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)
132,970

 
207,964

Assets of consolidated Och-Ziff funds:
 

 
 
Investments, at fair value
35,996

 
37,661

Other assets of Och-Ziff funds
21,314

 
17,544

Total Assets
$
1,306,549

 
$
1,485,555

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ (Deficit) Equity
 

 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 
Compensation payable
$
39,031

 
$
206,106

Due to related parties
522,214

 
522,101

Debt obligations
410,612

 
577,128

Other liabilities (includes liabilities measured at fair value of $0 and $8,204 as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)
160,078

 
174,994

Liabilities of consolidated Och-Ziff funds:
 

 
 
Other liabilities of Och-Ziff funds
16,658

 
15,197

Total Liabilities
1,148,593

 
1,495,526

 
 
 
 
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 15)


 


 
 
 
 
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (Note 3)
441,971

 
284,121

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ (Deficit) Equity
 

 
 

Class A Shares, no par value, 1,000,000,000 shares authorized, 185,126,953 and 184,843,255 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively

 

Class B Shares, no par value, 750,000,000 shares authorized, 267,489,478 and 297,317,019 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively

 

Paid-in capital
3,068,788

 
3,097,431

Accumulated deficit
(3,569,763
)
 
(3,563,452
)
Shareholders’ deficit attributable to Class A Shareholders
(500,975
)
 
(466,021
)
Shareholders’ equity attributable to noncontrolling interests
216,960

 
171,929

Total Shareholders’ (Deficit) Equity
(284,015
)
 
(294,092
)
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests and Shareholders’ (Deficit) Equity
$
1,306,549

 
$
1,485,555

See notes to consolidated financial statements.


4


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) — UNAUDITED



 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Revenues
 
 
 
Management fees
$
86,255

 
$
156,910

Incentive income
51,626

 
30,587

Other revenues
776

 
579

Income of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
495

 
366

Total Revenues
139,152

 
188,442


 
 
 
Expenses
 
 
 
Compensation and benefits
69,943

 
54,261

Interest expense
6,280

 
5,386

General, administrative and other
45,928

 
267,669

Expenses of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
84

 
266

Total Expenses
122,235

 
327,582


 
 
 
Other Income
 
 
 
Changes in tax receivable agreement liability

 
145

Net gains on investments in Och-Ziff funds and joint ventures
721

 
249

Net gains of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
235

 
545

Total Other Income
956

 
939


 
 
 
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes
17,873

 
(138,201
)
Income taxes
12,056

 
18,539

Consolidated and Comprehensive Net Income (Loss)
5,817

 
(156,740
)
Less: (Income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(9,778
)
 
87,845

Less: (Income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
(350
)
 
(461
)
Net Loss Attributable to Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC
(4,311
)
 
(69,356
)
Less: Change in redemption value of Preferred Units
(2,853
)
 

Net Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders
$
(7,164
)
 
$
(69,356
)
 
 
 
 
Loss per Class A Share
 
 
 
Loss per Class A Share - basic
$
(0.04
)
 
$
(0.38
)
Loss per Class A Share - diluted
$
(0.04
)
 
$
(0.38
)
Weighted-average Class A Shares outstanding - basic
186,226,675

 
182,548,852

Weighted-average Class A Shares outstanding - diluted
186,226,675

 
182,548,852

 
 
 
 
Dividends Paid per Class A Share
$
0.01

 
$



See notes to consolidated financial statements.


5



OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) — UNAUDITED
 
Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC
 
 
 
 
 
Number of
Class A
Shares
 
Number of
Class B
Shares
 
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Shareholders' Deficit
Attributable to Class A
Shareholders
 
Shareholders' Equity
Attributable to
Noncontrolling Interests
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity (Deficit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 2016
184,843,255

 
297,317,019

 
$
3,097,431

 
$
(3,563,452
)
 
$
(466,021
)
 
$
171,929

 
$
(294,092
)
Capital contributions

 

 

 

 

 
251

 
251

Capital distributions

 

 

 

 

 
(4,563
)
 
(4,563
)
Cash dividends declared on Class A Shares

 

 

 
(1,849
)
 
(1,849
)
 

 
(1,849
)
Dividend equivalents on Class A restricted share units

 

 
151

 
(151
)
 

 

 

Relinquishment of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units (Note 3)

 
(30,000,000
)
 

 

 

 

 

Equity-based compensation, net of taxes
283,698

 
172,459

 
7,451

 

 
7,451

 
10,766

 
18,217

Impact of changes in Och-Ziff Operating Group ownership (Note 3)

 

 
(12,173
)
 

 
(12,173
)
 
12,173

 

Dilution of proceeds from tax receivable agreement waiver (Note 3)

 

 
(21,219
)
 

 
(21,219
)
 
21,219

 

Change in redemption value of Preferred Units

 

 
(2,853
)
 

 
(2,853
)
 
(4,593
)
 
(7,446
)
Comprehensive net (loss) income, excluding amounts attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests

 

 

 
(4,311
)
 
(4,311
)
 
9,778

 
5,467

As of March 31, 2017
185,126,953

 
267,489,478

 
$
3,068,788

 
$
(3,569,763
)
 
$
(500,975
)
 
$
216,960

 
$
(284,015
)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.



6


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS — UNAUDITED

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
 
 
 
Consolidated net income (loss)
$
5,817

 
$
(156,740
)
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Amortization of equity-based compensation
18,478

 
18,542

Depreciation and amortization and loss on disposal of fixed assets
4,212

 
3,402

Deferred income taxes
10,609

 
15,531

Operating cash flows due to changes in:
 
 
 
Income and fees receivable
116,319

 
49,274

Due from related parties
1,142

 
(1,328
)
Other assets, net
18,070

 
4,257

Due to related parties
113

 
(341
)
Compensation payable
(166,951
)
 
(163,749
)
Other liabilities
(14,902
)
 
222,831

Consolidated Och-Ziff funds related items:
 
 
 
Net gains of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
(235
)
 
(545
)
Purchases of investments
(47,831
)
 
(48,974
)
Proceeds from sale of investments
49,750

 
50,700

Other assets of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
(3,789
)
 
(2,163
)
Other liabilities of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
1,456

 
1,741

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
(7,742
)
 
(7,562
)
 
 
 
 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
 
 
 
Purchases of fixed assets
(1,335
)
 
(1,331
)
Proceeds from sale of fixed asset (Note 7)
51,724

 

Purchases of United States government obligations

 
(29,915
)
Maturities of United States government obligations

 
18,500

Investment in Och-Ziff funds
(212
)
 
(1,569
)
Return of investment in Och-Ziff funds
3,373

 
554

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
53,550

 
(13,761
)
 
 
 
 


7


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS — (continued)


 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
 
 
 
Issuance and sale of Preferred Units, net of issuance costs
150,054

 

Contributions from noncontrolling and redeemable noncontrolling interests
251

 
233

Distributions to noncontrolling and redeemable noncontrolling interests
(4,563
)
 
(1,821
)
Dividends on Class A Shares
(1,849
)
 

Repayment of debt obligations
(167,319
)
 
(905
)
Withholding taxes paid on vested RSUs
(385
)
 
(1,628
)
Other, net

 
100

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities
(23,811
)
 
(4,021
)
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents
21,997

 
(25,344
)
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period
329,813

 
254,070

Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period
$
351,810

 
$
228,726

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
 

 
 
Cash paid during the period:
 

 
 
Interest
$
1,960

 
$
419

Income taxes
$
1,149

 
$
545


See notes to consolidated financial statements.


8


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017




1. OVERVIEW
Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC (the “Registrant”), a Delaware limited liability company, together with its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”), is a global alternative asset management firm with offices in New York, London, Hong Kong, Mumbai, Beijing, Shanghai and Houston. The Company provides asset management services to its investment funds (the “Och-Ziff funds” or the “funds”), which pursue a broad range of global investment opportunities. The Company currently manages multi-strategy funds, dedicated credit funds, including opportunistic credit funds and Institutional Credit Strategies products, real estate funds and other alternative investment vehicles. Through Institutional Credit Strategies, the Company’s asset management platform that invests in performing credits, the Company manages collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and other customized solutions for its clients.
The Company’s primary sources of revenues are management fees, which are based on the amount of the Company’s assets under management, and incentive income, which is based on the investment performance of its funds. Accordingly, for any given period, the Company’s revenues will be driven by the combination of assets under management and the investment performance of the Och-Ziff funds.
The Company currently has two operating segments: the Och-Ziff Funds segment and the Companys real estate business. The Och-Ziff Funds segment is currently the Company’s only reportable operating segment under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and provides asset management services to the Company’s multi-strategy funds, dedicated credit funds and other alternative investment vehicles. The Company’s real estate business, which provides asset management services to its real estate funds, is included within Other Operations, as it does not meet the threshold of a reportable operating segment under GAAP.
The Company generates substantially all of its revenues in the United States. The liability of the Company’s Class A Shareholders is limited to the extent of their capital contributions.
The Company conducts its operations through OZ Management LP (“OZ Management”), OZ Advisors LP (“OZ Advisors I”) and OZ Advisors II LP (“OZ Advisors II”) (collectively, the “Operating Partnerships,” and collectively with their consolidated subsidiaries, the “Och-Ziff Operating Group”). References to the Company’s “executive managing directors” refer to the current limited partners of OZ Management, OZ Advisors and OZ Advisors II other than the Company’s intermediate holding companies, including the Company’s founder, Daniel S. Och, and, except where the context requires otherwise, include certain limited partners who are no longer active in the business of the Company. References to the Company’s “active executive managing directors” refer to executive managing directors who remain active in the Company’s business. References to the “Ziffs” refer collectively to Ziff Investors Partnership, L.P. II and certain of its affiliates and control persons. References to the Company’s “intermediate holding companies” refer, collectively, to Och-Ziff Holding Corporation (“Och-Ziff Corp”) and Och-Ziff Holding LLC, both of which are wholly owned subsidiaries of the Registrant.
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
These unaudited, interim, consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (the “Annual Report”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s unaudited, interim, consolidated financial statements have been included and are of a normal and recurring nature. The results of operations presented for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year, primarily because of the majority of incentive income and actual amounts of discretionary cash bonuses being recorded in the fourth quarter each year. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.


9


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



Interim Accrual of Annual Discretionary Cash Bonus
In the first quarter of 2017, the Company decided to provide a minimum annual discretionary cash bonus. As a result of this decision, the Company will accrue the minimum annual discretionary cash bonus on a straight-line basis during the year. The total amount of discretionary cash bonuses ultimately recognized for the full year, which is determined in the fourth quarter of each year, could differ materially from the minimum amount accrued, as the total discretionary cash bonus is dependent upon a variety of factors, including fund performance for the year. 
Reclassification of Changes in Tax Receivable Agreement Liability
In the first quarter of 2017, the Company reclassified the changes in tax receivable agreement liability from general, administrative and other expenses to other income (loss) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification had no impact on the Company’s results of operations.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The requirements of ASU 2016-09 were effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2017. As permitted under the new guidance, the Company has made an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures on share-based compensation arrangements as they occur. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-09, the Company was required to estimate forfeitures. The decision to no longer estimate forfeitures was not material to the financial statements. Additionally, the Company will recognize all income tax effects of awards within consolidated and comprehensive net income when the awards vest or are settled. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-09, excess tax benefits were recorded to paid-in capital, while tax deficiencies were recorded in consolidated and comprehensive net income to the extent in excess of previously recorded excess tax benefits. The amendments related to the recognition of excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies in the statement of comprehensive income were applied prospectively.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-17, Consolidation (Topic 810): Interests Held through Related Parties that Are under Common Control. The guidance was effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2017. ASU 2016-17 amended the consolidation guidance with respect to a single decision maker’s evaluation of interests held through related parties that are under common control when it is determining whether it is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity (“VIE”). Under the amended guidance, a reporting entity considers its indirect economic interests in a VIE held through related parties that are under common control on a proportionate basis, consistent with the way it would evaluate its indirect economic interests held through related parties that are not under common control. The adoption of ASU 2016-17 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
None of the other changes to GAAP that went into effect in the three months ended March 31, 2017 has had a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Future Adoption of Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC 605-Revenue Recognition and most industry-specific revenue recognition guidance throughout the ASC. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company is in the process of implementing the new revenue guidance and is continuing to evaluate the effect the ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements, including, whether the Company: (a) will be required to recognize incentive income earlier than as prescribed under current guidance, (b) should present certain revenue streams on a gross or net basis depending on whether it is identified as principal or agent in a transaction where the standard’s core principle is one of control and not risks and rewards, as is the cash with the current guidance, and (c) whether certain costs associated with


10


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



business development and deal origination, which are currently recognized as an expense as incurred, should be initially deferred and subsequently recognized as an expense over a specified period. The ASU also introduces new qualitative and quantitative disclosure requirements and requires disaggregation of revenue information beyond that which is currently required, that will significantly impact the information presented in the notes to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company expects to adopt ASU 2014-09 using a modified retrospective application approach in the first quarter of 2018.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 significantly changes accounting for lease arrangements, in particular from the perspective of the lessee. The Company is not currently a lessor in any significant lease arrangements, but is a lessee in several lease arrangements that would be impacted by the ASU. The Company has determined that most of its operating leases will be reported as lease obligations, along with offsetting right to use assets on its consolidated balance sheet at their present value, and will continue to recognize associated expenses within consolidated net income (loss) in a manner similar to the existing accounting for leases (i.e., on a straight-line basis over the lease term). Entities are required to use a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements. The requirements of ASU 2016-02 are effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2019. See Note 17 of the Company’s Annual Report for details related to the Company’s existing operating lease obligations.
None of the other changes to GAAP that are not yet effective are expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
3. NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS AND OCH-ZIFF OPERATING GROUP OWNERSHIP
Noncontrolling interests represent ownership interests in the Company’s subsidiaries held by parties other than the Company, and primarily relate to the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units held by the Company’s executive managing directors and fund investors’ interests in the consolidated Och-Ziff funds.
Net income (loss) attributable to the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units is driven by the earnings (losses) of the Och-Ziff Operating Group. Net income attributable to fund investors’ interests in consolidated Och-Ziff funds is driven by the earnings of those funds.
As of March 31, 2017, Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units (as defined below) do not participate in the economics of the Och-Ziff Operating Group and will remain non-participating until certain service and performance conditions are met, as described below.
The following table presents the components of the net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units
$
9,635

 
$
(88,019
)
Consolidated Och-Ziff funds

 
262

Other
143

 
(88
)
 
$
9,778

 
$
(87,845
)


11


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



The following table presents the components of the shareholders’ equity attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units
$
212,738

 
$
166,521

Consolidated Och-Ziff funds

 

Other
4,222

 
5,408

 
$
216,960

 
$
171,929

The Preferred Units and fund investors’ interests in certain consolidated Och-Ziff funds are redeemable outside of the Company’s control. These interests are classified within redeemable noncontrolling interests in the consolidated balance sheets. The following table presents the activity in redeemable noncontrolling interests:
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Consolidated Funds
 
Preferred Units
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance
$
21,621

 
$
262,500

 
$
284,121

Change in redemption value of Preferred Units

 
7,446

 
7,446

Preferred Units issuance, net of issuance costs

 
150,054

 
150,054

Comprehensive income
350

 

 
350

Ending Balance
$
21,971

 
$
420,000

 
$
441,971

Och-Ziff Operating Group Ownership
The Company’s equity interest in the Och-Ziff Operating Group increased to 40.9% as of March 31, 2017, from 38.3% as of December 31, 2016. Changes in the Company’s interest in the Och-Ziff Operating Group have historically been, and in the future may be, driven by the following: (i) the exchange of Och-Ziff Operating Group A and P Units for an equal number of Class A Shares, at which time the related Class B Shares are also canceled; (ii) the issuance of Class A Shares under the Company’s Amended and Restated 2007 Equity Incentive Plan and 2013 Incentive Plan, primarily related to the settlement of RSUs; (iii) the forfeiture of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units and related Class B Shares by a departing executive managing director; and (iv) the repurchase of Class A Shares and Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units. The Company’s interest in the Och-Ziff Operating Group is expected to continue to increase over time as additional Class A Shares are issued upon the exchange of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units and settlement of RSUs. These increases will be offset upon any conversion by an executive managing director of Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units, which are not considered equity for GAAP purposes, into Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units, at which time an equal number of Class B Shares is also issued to the executive managing director.
Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units, 2017 Incentive Program and Limited Partnership Agreements Amendments
On February 13, 2017, the Company’s board of directors approved the Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC 2017 Incentive Program (the “2017 Incentive Program”). Under the terms of the 2017 Incentive Program, the Company granted Class P common units in each Operating Partnership (an “Incentive Award”) to certain executive managing directors. One Class P common unit in each Operating Partnership, collectively, is referred to as an “Och-Ziff Operating Group P Unit.”
The Company granted 71.9 million Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units in March 2017, at the average fair value of $1.25 per unit. The fair value was determined using the Monte-Carlo simulation valuation model, with the following assumptions: volatility of 35.7%, dividend rate of 10.0%, and risk-free discount rate of 2.2%. The requisite service period for these Incentive Awards was estimated to be 3.9 years at the time of the grant. Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to


12


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



unvested awards was $89.5 million. There were 71.9 million Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units outstanding as of March 31, 2017.
A grant of Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units will conditionally vest upon the applicable executive managing directors satisfying a service condition (the “Service Condition”) and certain market performance-based targets, expressed as percentages (the “Performance Condition”) being satisfied, as follows: 20% of Units vest upon a Performance Condition of 25% being achieved (i.e., total shareholder return from the contractually determined reference price of $3.21); an additional 40% (for a total of 60%) of Units vest upon a Performance Condition of 50% being achieved; an additional 20% (for a total of 80%) of Units vest upon a Performance Condition of 75% being achieved; and an additional 20% (for a total of 100%) of the Units vest upon a Performance Condition of 125% being achieved. Achievement of the applicable Performance Conditions earlier than estimated can materially affect the amount of equity-based compensation expense recognized by the Company in any given period.
Executive managing directors will be entitled to receive distributions on their Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units only after satisfaction of the Service Condition and the Performance Condition, from which time the executive managing director will be entitled to receive the same distributions per Unit on each Och-Ziff Operating Group P Unit as holders of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units and Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units.
If a holder of an Incentive Award has not satisfied both the Service Condition and the applicable Performance Condition has not been met with respect to the units comprising such Incentive Award by the sixth anniversary of the respective grant date, such units will be forfeited and canceled immediately.
Upon satisfaction of the Service Condition and the Performance Condition, Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units may be exchanged at the executive managing director’s discretion for Class A Shares (or the cash value thereof, as determined by the Board) provided that (i) sufficient Appreciation (as defined in the Limited Partnership Agreements) has occurred for each Och-Ziff Operating Group P Unit to have become economically equivalent to an Och-Ziff Operating Group A Unit, and (ii) shareholders approve an amendment to the Company’s 2013 Incentive Plan to reserve a sufficient number of Class A Shares under the 2013 Incentive Plan. Upon the exchange of an Och-Ziff Operating Group P Unit for a Class A Share (or the cash equivalent), the exchanging executive managing director will have a right to potential future payments owed to him or her under the tax receivable agreement.
Effective March 1, 2017, the Board of Directors approved amendments to the Limited Partnership Agreements of the Operating Partnerships that, in addition to the events discussed above, adjust the measurement thresholds used in determining whether sufficient Appreciation has taken place for Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units issued prior to March 1, 2017, to have become economically equivalent to Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units. This amendment makes it more likely that outstanding Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units will convert to Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units.
Relinquishment of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units
Och-Ziff Corp and Och-Ziff Holding, as the general partners of the Operating Partnerships, entered into a Relinquishment Agreement with Daniel S. Och and certain family trusts over which Mr. Och has investment control (the “Och Trusts”) effective as of March 1, 2017 (the “Relinquishment Agreement”). Pursuant to the Relinquishment Agreement, Mr. Och and the Och Trusts agreed to cancel, in the aggregate, 30.0 million of their vested Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units. The Relinquishment Agreement provides that if any of the Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units granted to James S. Levin on March 1, 2017 are forfeited, such forfeited units (up to an aggregate amount of 30.0 million) shall be reallocated to Mr. Och and the Och Trusts pursuant to the terms of the Limited Partnership Agreements. The Company accounted for the transaction as a repurchase of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units for no consideration. A corresponding number of Class B Shares were also canceled.
Dilution of Proceeds from Tax Receivable Agreement Waiver
In September 2016, the Company amended the tax receivable agreement to provide that no amounts will be due or payable under the tax receivable agreement by Och-Ziff Corp, one of the Company’s wholly owned intermediate holding


13


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



companies, with respect to the 2015 and 2016 taxable years. During the first quarter of 2017, Och-Ziff Corp contributed to the Och-Ziff Operating Group the cash previously set aside for such payments, which resulted in a reallocation of such contribution between the Company’s paid-in capital and the paid-in capital of the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units (including within noncontrolling interests).
4. FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES
Fair value represents the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date (i.e., an exit price). Due to the inherent uncertainty of valuations of investments that are determined to be illiquid or do not have readily ascertainable fair values, the estimates of fair value may differ from the values ultimately realized, and those differences can be material.
GAAP prioritizes the level of market price observability used in measuring assets and liabilities at fair value. Market price observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of assets and liabilities and the specific characteristics of the assets and liabilities. Assets and liabilities with readily available, actively quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively-quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified into one of the following categories:
Level I – Fair value is determined using quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. The types of assets and liabilities that would generally be included in this category are certain listed equities, U.S. government obligations and certain listed derivatives.
Level II – Fair value is determined using quotations received from dealers making a market for these assets or liabilities (“broker quotes”), valuations obtained from independent third-party pricing services, the use of models or other valuation methodologies based on pricing inputs that are either directly or indirectly market observable as of the measurement date. The types of assets and liabilities that would generally be included in this category are certain corporate bonds, certain credit default swap contracts, certain bank debt securities, certain commercial real estate debt, less liquid equity securities, forward contracts and certain over the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives.
Level III – Fair value is determined using pricing inputs that are unobservable in the market and includes situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. The fair value of assets and liabilities in this category may require significant judgment or estimation in determining fair value of the assets or liabilities. The fair value of these assets and liabilities may be estimated using a combination of observed transaction prices, independent pricing services, relevant broker quotes, models or other valuation methodologies based on pricing inputs that are neither directly or indirectly market observable. The types of assets and liabilities that would generally be included in this category include real estate investments, equity and debt securities issued by private entities, limited partnerships, certain corporate bonds, certain credit default swap contracts, certain bank debt securities, certain commercial real estate debt, certain OTC derivatives, residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities, collateralized debt obligations, and investments in affiliated credit funds.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an asset or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.


14


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



Fair Value Measurements Categorized within the Fair Value Hierarchy
The following table summarizes assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis within the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2017:
 
As of March 31, 2017
 
Level I

Level II

Level III

Total








 
(dollars in thousands)
Investments of Och-Ziff, Excluding the Investments of Consolidated Och-Ziff Funds
 
 
 
 
United States government obligations included within cash and cash equivalents
$
19,977

 
$

 
$

 
$
19,977

Investments in CLO included within other assets, net (1) (2)

 

 
22,048

 
22,048

 
$
19,977

 
$

 
$
22,048

 
$
42,025

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments of Consolidated Och-Ziff Funds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank debt
$

 
$
19,333

 
$
16,663

 
$
35,996

_______________
(1) As of March 31, 2017, investments in CLO had contractual principal amounts of $21.6 million outstanding.
(2) The Company elected to measure its investments in CLO at fair value through consolidated net income (loss) in order to simplify its accounting for these instruments. Changes in fair value of these investments are included within net gains on investments in Och-Ziff funds and joint ventures in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). The Company accrues interest income on its investments in CLO using the effective interest method.
The following table summarizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2016:
 
As of December 31, 2016
 
Level I
 
Level II
 
Level III
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Investments of Och-Ziff, Excluding the Consolidated Funds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States government obligations included within cash and cash equivalents
$
139,974

 
$

 
$

 
$
139,974

Investments in CLO included within other assets, net (1) (2)

 

 
21,341

 
21,341

 
$
139,974

 
$

 
$
21,341

 
$
161,315

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments of Consolidated Och-Ziff Funds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank debt
$

 
$
19,534

 
$
18,127

 
$
37,661

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities of Och-Ziff, Excluding the Consolidated Funds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obligation to deliver loans subject to forward sale agreement included within other liabilities
$

 
$
8,204

 
$

 
$
8,204

_______________
(1) As of December 31, 2016, investments in CLO had contractual principal amounts of $21.3 million outstanding.
(2) The Company elected to measure its investments in CLO at fair value through consolidated net income (loss) in order to simplify its accounting for these instruments. Changes in fair value of these investments are included within net gains on investments in Och-Ziff funds and joint ventures in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). The Company accrues interest income on its investments in CLO using the effective interest method.



15


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



Reconciliation of Fair Value Measurements Categorized within Level III
The Company assumes that any transfers between Level I, Level II or Level III occur at the beginning of the reporting period presented. Gains and losses of Och-Ziff, excluding the consolidated funds are recorded within net gains on investments in Och-Ziff funds and joint ventures in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), and gains and losses of the consolidated Och-Ziff funds are recorded within net gains (losses) of consolidated Och-Ziff funds. Amounts related to the deconsolidation of the Company’s funds upon the adoption of ASU 2015-02 on January 1, 2016 are included within investment sales.
The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s Level III assets and liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2017:

December 31, 2016

Transfers
In
 
Transfers
Out
 
Investment
Purchases / Issuances
 
Investment
Sales / Settlements
 
Derivative Settlements
 
Gains (Losses)

March 31, 2017

















(dollars in thousands)
Investments of Och-Ziff, Excluding the Consolidated Funds















Investments in CLO
$
21,341

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
707

 
$
22,048


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments of Consolidated Och-Ziff Funds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank debt
$
18,127

 
$
771

 
$
(4,878
)
 
$
27,497

 
$
(25,120
)
 
$

 
$
266

 
$
16,663


The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s Level III assets and liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
Transfers
In
 
Transfers
Out
 
Investment
Purchases / Issuances
 
Investment
Sales / Settlements
 
Derivative Settlements
 
Gains (Losses)
 
March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Bank debt
$
1,998,423

 
$
460

 
$
(489
)
 
$
19,614

 
$
(2,014,334
)
 
$

 
$
307

 
$
3,981

Real estate investments
719,957

 

 

 

 
(719,957
)
 

 

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities
323,571

 

 

 

 
(323,571
)
 

 

 

Collateralized debt obligations
83,759

 

 

 

 
(83,759
)
 

 

 

Energy and natural resources limited partnerships
70,604

 

 

 

 
(70,604
)
 

 

 

Commercial real estate debt
18,295

 

 

 

 
(18,295
)
 

 

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Asset-backed securities
23,739

 

 

 

 
(23,739
)
 

 

 

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
13,803

 

 

 

 
(13,803
)
 

 

 

Other investments (including derivatives, net)
1,938

 

 

 

 
(1,938
)
 

 

 

 
$
3,254,089

 
$
460

 
$
(489
)
 
$
19,614

 
$
(3,270,000
)
 
$

 
$
307

 
$
3,981

Transfers out of Level III presented in the tables above resulted from the fair values of certain securities becoming market observable, with fair value determined using independent pricing services. Transfers into Level III presented in the table above resulted from the valuation of certain investments with decreased market observability, with fair values determined using broker quotes or independent pricing services.
There were no transfers between Levels I and II during the periods presented above.


16


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



The table below summarizes the net change in unrealized gains and losses on the Company’s Level III assets and liabilities held as of the reporting date. These gains and losses are included within net gains of consolidated Och-Ziff funds in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss):
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Investments of Och-Ziff, Excluding the Consolidated Funds
 
 
 
Investments in CLO
$
707

 
$

 
 
 
 
Investments of Consolidated Och-Ziff Funds
 
 
 
Bank Debt
$
113

 
$
36

Valuation Methodologies for Fair Value Measurements Categorized within Levels II and III
Investments in CLO and bank debt are valued using independent pricing services and thus there are no unobservable valuation inputs used in determining their fair value to disclose. For valuation methodologies of investments that were deconsolidated on January 1, 2016, please refer to the Company’s Annual Report.
Valuation Process for Fair Value Measurements Categorized within Level III
The Company has established an internal control infrastructure over the valuation of financial instruments that includes ongoing oversight by its Financial Controls Group and Valuation Committee, as well as periodic audits by the Company’s Internal Audit Group. These control functions are segregated from the trading and investing functions.
The Valuation Committee is responsible for establishing the valuation policy and monitors compliance with the valuation policy, ensuring that all of the funds’ investments reflect fair value, as well as providing oversight of the valuation process. The valuation policy includes, but is not limited to the following: determining the pricing sources used to value specific investment classes; the selection of independent pricing services; performing due diligence of independent pricing services; and the classification of investments within the fair value hierarchy. The Valuation Committee reviews a variety of reports on a monthly basis, which include, but are not limited to the following: summaries of the sources used to determine the value of the funds’ investments; summaries of the fair value hierarchy of the funds’ investments; methodology changes and variance reports that compare the values of investments to independent pricing services. The Valuation Committee is independent from the investment professionals and may obtain input from investment professionals for consideration in carrying out its responsibilities.
The Valuation Committee has assigned the responsibility of performing price verification and related quality controls in accordance with the valuation policy to the Financial Controls Group. The Financial Controls Group’s other responsibilities include, but are not limited to the following: overseeing the collection and evaluation of counterparty prices, broker-dealer quotations, exchange prices and pricing information provided by independent pricing services. Additionally, the Financial Control Group is responsible for performing back testing by comparing prices observed in executed transactions to valuations and/or valuations provided by independent pricing service providers on a bi-weekly and monthly basis; performing stale pricing analysis on a monthly basis; performing due diligence reviews on independent pricing services on an annual basis; and recommending changes in valuation policies to the Valuation Committee. The Financial Controls Group also verifies that indicative broker quotations used to value certain investments are representative of fair value through procedures such as comparison to independent pricing services, back testing procedures, review of stale pricing reports and performance of other due diligence procedures as may be deemed necessary.
When pricing or verification sources cannot be obtained from external sources or if external prices are deemed unreliable, additional procedures are performed by the Financial Controls Group, which may include comparing unobservable inputs to observable inputs for similar positions, reviewing subsequent market activities, performing comparisons of actual versus


17


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



projected performance indicators, and reviewing the valuation methodology and key inputs. Independent third party valuation firms may be used to corroborate internal valuations.
Investment professionals and members of the Financial Controls Group review a daily profit and loss report, as well as other periodic reports that analyze the profit and loss and related asset class exposure of the funds’ investments.
The Internal Audit Group employs a risk-based program of audit coverage that is designed to provide an assessment of the design and effectiveness of controls over the Company’s operations, regulatory compliance, valuation of financial instruments and reporting. Additionally, the Internal Audit Group meets periodically with management and the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors to evaluate and provide guidance on the existing risk framework and control environment assessments.
Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments
Management estimates that the carrying value of the Company’s other financial instruments, including its debt obligations, approximated their fair values as of March 31, 2017. The Senior Notes are categorized as Level II and the CLO Investment Loan is categorized as Level III within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the Senior Notes and the CLO Investment Loan were determined using independent pricing services.
5. TRANSFERS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS
Investment in CLO and Related Transactions
In the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company purchased $27.4 million of Euro-denominated loans in the open market and contemporaneously entered into a forward sale agreement to sell the loans at cost to a European CLO managed by the Company. As of March 31, 2017, the entire balance of $27.4 million of the loans subject to the forward sale agreement was transferred and the criteria for derecognition met. The Company sold the derecognized loans to the CLO at cost, and therefore there were no realized gains or losses recognized on the sale.
In the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company purchased $21.5 million of senior secured and subordinated notes issued by the CLO to which it sold the loans discussed above. These investments in the CLO represent retained interests to the Company. The retained interest is reported as investment in CLO, at fair value, within other assets, net in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (see Note 7).
The Company uses independent pricing services to value its investments in the CLO, and therefore the only key assumption is the price provided by such service. A corresponding adverse change of 10% or 20% on price would have a corresponding impact on the fair value of the Company’s investment. The Company has not yet received payments from its investment in the CLO nor any management fees from the CLO and does not expect to receive any payments until July 2017, in accordance with the underlying contractual agreements.


18


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



6. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
In the ordinary course of business, the Company sponsors the formation of funds that are considered VIEs. See Note 2 of the Company’s Annual Report for a discussion of entities that are VIEs and the evaluation of those entities for consolidation by the Company.
The table below presents the assets and liabilities of VIEs consolidated by the Company:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Assets
 

 
 

Assets of consolidated Och-Ziff funds:
 

 
 

Investments, at fair value
$
35,996

 
$
37,661

Other assets of Och-Ziff funds
21,314

 
17,544

Total Assets
$
57,310

 
$
55,205

 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

Liabilities of consolidated Och-Ziff funds:
 

 
 

Other liabilities of Och-Ziff funds
16,658

 
15,197

Total Liabilities
$
16,658

 
$
15,197

The assets presented in the table above belong to the investors in those funds, are available for use only by the fund to which they belong, and are not available for use by the Company. The consolidated funds have no recourse to the general credit of the Company with respect to any liability.
The Company’s direct involvement with funds that are VIEs and not consolidated by the Company is generally limited to providing asset management services and, in certain cases, direct investments in the VIEs. The maximum exposure to loss represents the potential loss of current investments or income and fees receivables from these entities, as well as the obligation to repay unearned revenues, primarily incentive income subject to clawback, in the event of any future fund losses. The Company has commitments to certain funds that are VIEs as discussed in Note 15. The Company does not provide, nor is it required to provide, any type of non-contractual financial or other support to its VIEs that are not consolidated.
The table below presents the net assets of VIEs in which the Company has variable interests:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(dollars in thousands)
Net assets of unconsolidated VIEs in which the Company has a variable interest
$
3,988,814

 
$
4,069,617

 
 
 
 
Maximum risk of loss as a result of the Company's involvement with VIEs:
 
 
 
Unearned revenues
101,260

 
96,409

Income and fees receivable
27,165

 
13,074

Investments in Och-Ziff funds
34,423

 
35,868

Maximum Exposure to Loss
$
162,848

 
$
145,351



19


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



7. OTHER ASSETS, NET
The following table presents the components of other assets, net as reported in the consolidated balance sheets:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Fixed Assets:
 

 
 

Corporate aircraft held for sale
$
4,571

 
$
56,251

Leasehold improvements
52,415

 
54,414

Computer hardware and software
40,996

 
40,093

Furniture, fixtures and equipment
8,909

 
8,919

Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(51,666
)
 
(49,890
)
Fixed assets, net
55,225

 
109,787

Investments in Och-Ziff funds:
 
 
 
Investments in CLO, at fair value
22,048

 
21,341

Investments in other funds, equity method
14,301

 
16,453

Investments in Och-Ziff funds
36,349

 
37,794

Goodwill
22,691

 
22,691

Prepaid expenses
13,329

 
12,753

Trades receivable for loans subject to forward sale agreement

 
10,391

Loans held for sale

 
8,204

Other
5,376

 
6,344

Total Other Assets, Net
$
132,970

 
$
207,964

In March 2017, the Company sold one of its corporate aircraft for $51.7 million. The Company expects to sell the remaining corporate aircraft held for sale in the second quarter of 2017.
8. OTHER LIABILITIES
The following table presents the components of other liabilities as reported in the consolidated balance sheets:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Unearned incentive income
$
100,870

 
$
96,079

Accrued expenses
28,286

 
30,728

Deferred rent credit
9,951

 
15,046

Interest payable
6,608

 
2,654

Loan trades payable

 
10,391

Obligation to deliver loans subject to forward sale agreement, at fair value

 
8,204

Other
14,363

 
11,892

Total Other Liabilities
$
160,078

 
$
174,994



20


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



9. DEBT OBLIGATIONS
As of March 31, 2017, the Company’s outstanding indebtedness was primarily comprised of senior notes (the “Senior Notes”) and a secured loan to finance the purchase of the Company’s investments in a CLO (“CLO Investment Loan”). The table below presents scheduled principal payments on the Company’s debt obligations for each of the next five years:
 
Scheduled Payments (1)
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
April 1, 2017 - December 31, 2017
$

2018
$

2019
$
400,000

2020
$

2021
$

_______________
(1) The Company is not currently able to make a reasonable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years in connection with the CLO Investment Loan (as defined below), as the timing of those payments is contingent on principal payments made to the Company on the Investments in CLO, and therefore the Company did not include those principal payments in the table above.
Senior Notes
On November 20, 2014, the Company issued $400.0 million of Senior Notes due November 20, 2019, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. The Senior Notes were issued at a price of 99.417% of the aggregate principal amount and bear interest at a rate per annum of 4.50% payable semiannually in arrears. The Senior Notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations issued by a subsidiary of the Company, Och-Ziff Finance Co. LLC (“Och-Ziff Finance”), and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured and unsubordinated basis by OZ Management, OZ Advisors I and OZ Advisors II (collectively, the “Senior Notes Guarantors”).
The Senior Notes may be redeemed from time to time at the Company’s option, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount to be redeemed and a make-whole redemption price (as defined in the Senior Notes indenture), in either case, plus any accrued and unpaid interest. If a change of control repurchase event occurs, the Company will be required to offer to repurchase the Senior Notes at a price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount, plus any accrued and unpaid interest.
The Senior Notes do not have any financial maintenance covenants. However, the Senior Notes include certain covenants, including limitations on Och-Ziff Finance’s and, as applicable, the Senior Notes Guarantors’ ability to, subject to exceptions, incur indebtedness secured by liens on voting stock or profit participating equity interests of their respective subsidiaries or merge, consolidate or sell, transfer or lease all or substantially all assets. The Senior Notes also provide for customary events of default, bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization that may cause the Senior Notes to become immediately due and payable, plus any accrued and unpaid interest.
Revolving Credit Facility
On November 20, 2014, the Company entered into a $150.0 million, 5-year unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, which was subsequently amended on December 29, 2015, the proceeds of which may be used for working capital, general corporate purposes or other liquidity needs. The facility matures on November 20, 2019. The borrower under the Revolving Credit Facility is OZ Management and the facility is guaranteed by OZ Advisors I, OZ Advisors II and Och-Ziff Finance. The Company is able to increase the maximum amount of credit available under the facility to $225.0 million if certain conditions are satisfied.


21


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



The Company is subject to a fee of 0.10% to 0.25% per annum on undrawn commitments during the term of the Revolving Credit Facility. Outstanding borrowings will bear interest at a rate per annum of LIBOR plus 1.00% to 2.00%, or a base rate plus 0% to 1.00%. The commitment fees and the spreads over LIBOR or the base rate are based on OZ Management’s credit rating throughout the term of the facility. The interest rate on the drawn portion of the commitment during the quarter ended March 31, 2017 was LIBOR plus 2.00%, and the undrawn commitment fee was 0.25%.
In March 2017, the Company repaid its outstanding obligation under the Revolving Credit Facility in full, and as a result has $150.0 million available under the facility as of March 31, 2017.
The Revolving Credit Facility includes two financial maintenance covenants. The first covenant prohibits total fee-paying assets under management as of the last day of any fiscal quarter to be less than $22.0 billion for two successive quarters. The second covenant prohibits the economic income leverage ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility) as of the last day of any fiscal quarter from exceeding 4.0 to 1.0. The Revolving Credit Facility allows a limited right to cure an event of default resulting from noncompliance with the economic income leverage ratio test with an equity contribution made to the borrower, OZ Management. Such cure right may not be used more than two times in any four-quarter period or more than three times during the term of the facility.
The Revolving Credit Facility includes provisions that restrict or limit, among other things, the ability of Och-Ziff Operating Group from:
Incurring certain additional indebtedness or issuing certain equity interest.
Creating liens.
Paying dividends or making certain other payments when there is a default or event of default under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Merging, consolidating, selling or otherwise disposing of its assets.
Engaging in certain transactions with shareholders or affiliates.
Engaging in a substantially different line of business.
Amending its organizational documents in a manner materially adverse to the lenders.
The Revolving Credit Facility permits the Och-Ziff Operating Group to incur, among other things, up to $150.0 million of indebtedness, up to an additional $200.0 million of indebtedness for financing of investments in CLOs in order to comply with risk retention regulatory requirements, and additional indebtedness so long as, after giving effect to the incurrence of such indebtedness, it is in compliance with an economic income leverage ratio of 4.0 to 1.0 and no default or event of default has occurred and is continuing. The facility also permits the Och-Ziff Operating Group to create liens to, among other things, secure indebtedness related to financing of CLO risk retention investments, as well as other indebtedness and obligations of up to $50.0 million.
Aircraft Loan
In February 2014, the Company entered into the Aircraft Loan to finance installment payments towards the purchase of a corporate aircraft. In March 2017, the Company sold the aircraft and repaid the outstanding principal balance in the amount of $46.4 million.
CLO Investment Loan
On November 28, 2016, the Company entered into a $16.0 million loan to finance 75% of its investment in the CLO (see Note 5). The CLO Investment Loan is collateralized by the notes of the CLO held by the Company and is subject to an interest rate of EURIBOR plus 2.23%. In general, the Company will make interest and principal payments on the CLO


22


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



Investment Loan at such time interest payments are received on its investment in the CLO and will make principal payments on the CLO Investment Loan to the extent principal payments are received on its investment in the CLO. Any remaining unpaid principal balance is due on December 15, 2023. The CLO Investment Loan is subject to customary events of default and covenants and includes terms that require the Company’s continued involvement with the CLO. As of March 31, 2017, $16.2 million of principal was outstanding under the CLO Investment Loan.
10. PREFERRED UNITS
Pursuant to a securities purchase agreement, dated September 29, 2016 (the “Purchase Agreement”), certain of the Company’s executive managing directors, including Daniel S. Och (the “EMD Purchasers”), agreed to purchase up to a total of 400,000 Preferred Units for an aggregate amount of up to $400.0 million. On October 5, 2016, the Company completed a $250.0 million issuance and sale of 250,000 Preferred Units. On January 23, 2017, the Company completed an additional $150.0 million issuance and sale of 150,000 Preferred Units.
Distributions on the Preferred Units are payable on the liquidation preference amount and on a cumulative basis at an initial distribution rate of 0% per annum until February 19, 2020 (the “Step-up Date”), after which the distribution rate will increase in stages thereafter to a maximum of 10% per annum on and after the eighth anniversary of the Step-up Date. Subject to certain exceptions, unless distributions on the Preferred Units are declared and paid in cash for the then current distribution period and all preceding periods after the initial closing, the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities may not declare or pay distributions on or repurchase any of their equity securities that rank equal with or junior to the Preferred Units.
Following the occurrence of a change of control event, the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities will redeem the Preferred Units at a redemption price equal to the liquidation preference plus all accumulated but unpaid distributions (collectively, the “liquidation value”). For so long as the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities do not redeem all of the outstanding Preferred Units, the distribution rate will increase by 7% per annum, beginning on the 31st day following such change in control. The Och-Ziff Operating Group entities will not be required to effect such redemption until the earlier of (i) 91 days after the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility and (ii) the payment in full of all loans and other obligations and the termination of all commitments thereunder.
The Och-Ziff Operating Group entities may, at their option, redeem the Preferred Units at a price equal to: (i) 105% of the liquidation value until the day immediately prior to the Step-up Date; (ii) 103% of the liquidation value thereafter until the day immediately prior to the first anniversary of the Step-up Date; (iii) 101% of the liquidation value thereafter until the day immediately prior to the second anniversary of the Step-up Date; and (iv) thereafter at a price equal to the liquidation value. In addition, from and after March 31, 2020, if the amounts that were distributed to partners of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities in respect of their equity interests in the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities (other than amounts distributed in respect of tax distributions or certain other distributions) or utilized for repurchase of units by such entities (or which were available but not used for such purposes) for the immediately preceding fiscal year were in excess of $100 million in the aggregate, then an amount equal to 20% of such excess shall be utilized to redeem Preferred Units on a pro rata basis for an amount equal to the liquidation value.
Furthermore, if the average closing price of the Company’s Class A Shares exceeds $15.00 per share for the previous 20 trading days, the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities have agreed to use their reasonable best efforts to redeem all of the outstanding Preferred Units as promptly as practicable. If such event occurs prior to February 19, 2020, the Company has agreed to use its reasonable best efforts to obtain consents from its lenders in order to redeem the Preferred Units as promptly as practicable.
Although the Preferred Units do not have voting rights, the consent of the holders’ committee, which initially consists of Daniel S. Och as sole member, is required to effect (i) any amendment to or waiver of the terms of the Preferred Units or (ii) any amendment to the limited partnership agreement of an Och-Ziff Operating Group entity that would have an adverse effect on any holder of the Preferred Units. Under the terms of the Preferred Units, each Och-Ziff Operating Group entity is


23


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



prohibited from issuing any equity securities (or any debt or other securities convertible into equity securities of such entity) that rank equally with, or senior to, the Preferred Units, without the prior written consent of the holders’ committee.
As of March 31, 2017, the Company had 400,000 Preferred Units issued and outstanding.
11. INCOME TAXES
The computation of the effective tax rate and provision at each interim period requires the use of certain estimates and significant judgment including, but not limited to, the expected operating income for the year, projections of the proportion of income earned and taxed in foreign jurisdictions, permanent differences, and the likelihood of recovering deferred tax assets existing as of the balance sheet date. The estimates used to compute the provision for income taxes may change as new events occur, additional information is obtained or as tax laws and regulations change. Additionally, the amount of incentive income and discretionary cash bonuses recorded in any given quarter can have a significant impact on the Company’s effective tax rate. Accordingly, the effective tax rate for interim periods is not indicative of the tax rate expected for a full year.
The Registrant and each of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities are partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Due to the Company’s legal structure, only a portion of the income earned by the Company is subject to corporate-level tax rates in the United States and in foreign jurisdictions.
The provision for income taxes includes federal, state and local taxes in the United States and foreign taxes at an approximate effective tax rate of 67.5% and -13.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The reconciling items from the Company’s statutory rate to the effective tax rate were driven primarily by the following: (i) a portion of the Company’s consolidated net income is not subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes in the United States, as these amounts are allocated to the executive managing directors on their Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units or to fund investors in the Company’s consolidated funds (each of which is included within noncontrolling interests); (ii) a portion of the income earned by the Company is subject to the New York City unincorporated business tax; (iii) certain foreign subsidiaries are subject to foreign corporate income taxes; and (iv) the valuation allowance on the Company’s foreign tax credits increased during the quarter.
In accordance with GAAP, the Company recognizes tax benefits for amounts that are “more likely than not” to be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. For uncertain tax positions in which the benefit to be realized does not meet the “more likely than not” threshold, the Company establishes a liability, which is included within other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had a liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $7.0 million. As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company did not accrue interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. As of March 31, 2017, the Company does not believe that there will be a significant change to the uncertain tax positions during the next 12 months. The Company’s total unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect its effective tax rate was $4.6 million as of March 31, 2017.


24


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



12. GENERAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND OTHER
The following table presents the components of general, administrative and other expenses as reported in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss):
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(dollars in thousands)
Professional services
$
13,148

 
$
23,375

Occupancy and equipment
10,903

 
9,328

Information processing and communications
7,029

 
10,349

Recurring placement and related service fees
5,444

 
12,531

Business development
2,757

 
4,669

Insurance
1,960

 
4,004

Other expenses
4,687

 
3,413

 
45,928

 
67,669

FCPA settlements expense

 
200,000

Total General, Administrative and Other
$
45,928

 
$
267,669

13. (LOSS) EARNINGS PER CLASS A SHARE
Basic (loss) earnings per Class A Share is computed by dividing the net (loss) income attributable to Class A Shareholders by the weighted-average number of Class A Shares outstanding for the period. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 the Company included 1,326,320 and 1,364,560 RSUs respectively, that have vested but have not been settled in Class A Shares in the weighted-average Class A Shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted (loss) earnings per Class A Share.
The Company did not include the Och-Ziff Operating Group P Units in the calculations of dilutive earnings per share, as the equity awards are not yet participating in the economics of the Company as the Performance Conditions have not been met as of March 31, 2017 (see Note 3).
The following tables present the computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per Class A Share:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
Net Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders
 
Weighted-Average
Class A Shares
Outstanding
 
Loss Per Class A Share
 
Number of
Antidilutive Units
Excluded from
Diluted Calculation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic
$
(7,164
)
 
186,226,675

 
$
(0.04
)
 
 
Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units

 

 
 
 
287,004,764

RSUs

 

 
 
 
19,730,352

Diluted
$
(7,164
)
 
186,226,675

 
$
(0.04
)
 
 


25


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Net Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders
 
Weighted-Average
Class A Shares
Outstanding
 
Loss Per Class A Share
 
Number of
Antidilutive Units
Excluded from
Diluted Calculation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic
$
(69,356
)
 
182,548,852

 
$
(0.38
)
 
 
Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units

 

 
 
 
297,317,019

RSUs

 

 
 
 
14,758,228

Diluted
$
(69,356
)
 
182,548,852

 
$
(0.38
)
 
 
14. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Due from Related Parties
Amounts due from related parties relate primarily to amounts due from the Och-Ziff funds for expenses paid on their behalf. These amounts are reimbursed to the Company on an ongoing basis.
Due to Related Parties
Amounts due to related parties relate primarily to future payments owed to the Company’s executive managing directors and the Ziffs under the tax receivable agreement, as discussed further in Note 15.
Management Fees and Incentive Income Earned from the Och-Ziff Funds
The Company earns substantially all of its management fees and incentive income from the Och-Ziff funds, which are considered related parties as the Company manages the operations of and makes investment decisions for these funds.
Management Fees and Incentive Income Earned from Related Parties and Waived Fees
As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, approximately $2.5 billion, of the Company’s assets under management represented investments by the Company, its executive managing directors, employees and certain other related parties in the Company’s funds. As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, approximately 65% and 49%, respectively, of these affiliated assets under management were not charged management fees and were not subject to an incentive income calculation.
The following table presents management fees and incentive income charged on investments held by related parties before the impact of eliminations related to the consolidated funds:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Fees charged on investments held by related parties:
 
 
 
Management fees
$
2,691

 
$
4,767

Incentive income
$
1,878

 
$
920



26


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



Corporate Aircraft
The Company’s corporate aircraft are used for business purposes. From time to time, certain executive managing directors use the aircraft for personal use. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 the Company charged $291 thousand and $321 thousand, respectively, for personal use of the aircraft by certain executive managing directors.
15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Tax Receivable Agreement
The purchase of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units from the executive managing directors and the Ziffs with the proceeds from the 2007 Offerings, and subsequent taxable exchanges by them of Partner Equity Units for Class A Shares on a one-for-one basis (or, at the Company’s option, a cash equivalent), resulted, and, in the case of future exchanges, are anticipated to result, in an increase in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of the Och-Ziff Operating Group that would not otherwise have been available. As a result, the Company expects that its future tax liability will be reduced. Pursuant to the tax receivable agreement entered into among the Company, the executive managing directors and the Ziffs, the Company has agreed to pay to the executive managing directors and the Ziffs 85% of the amount of tax savings, if any, actually realized by the Company.
The Company recorded its initial estimate of future payments under the tax receivable agreement as a decrease to paid-in capital and an increase in amounts due to related parties in the consolidated financial statements. Subsequent adjustments to the liability for future payments under the tax receivable agreement related to changes in estimated future tax rates or state income tax apportionment are recognized through current period earnings in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
In connection with the departure of certain former executive managing directors since the IPO, the right to receive payments under the tax receivable agreement by those former executive managing directors was contributed to the Och-Ziff Operating Group. As a result, the Company expects to pay to the remaining executive managing directors and the Ziffs approximately 78% (from 85% at the time of the IPO) of the amount of cash savings, if any, in federal, state and local income taxes in the United States that the Company actually realizes as a result of the increases in tax basis.
The estimate of the timing and the amount of future payments under the tax receivable agreement involves several assumptions that do not account for the significant uncertainties associated with these potential payments, including an assumption that Och-Ziff Corp will have sufficient taxable income in the relevant tax years to utilize the tax benefits that would give rise to an obligation to make payments. The actual timing and amount of any actual payments under the tax receivable agreement will vary based upon these and a number of other factors. As of March 31, 2017, the estimated future payment under the tax receivable agreement was $520.8 million, which is recorded in due to related parties on the consolidated balance sheets.
Lease Obligations
The Company has non-cancelable operating leases for its headquarters in New York expiring in 2029 and various other operating leases for its offices in London, Hong Kong, Mumbai, Beijing, Shanghai and Houston expiring on various dates through 2024. The Company also has operating leases for other locations, as well as operating leases on computer hardware. The Company recognizes expense related to its operating leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term taking into account any rent holiday periods. The related lease commitments have not changed materially since December 31, 2016.
Litigation
From time to time, the Company is involved in litigation and claims incidental to the conduct of the Company’s business. The Company is also subject to extensive scrutiny by regulatory agencies globally that have, or may in the future have, regulatory authority over the Company and its business activities. This has resulted, or may in the future result, in regulatory agency investigations, litigation and subpoenas and costs related to each.


27


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



On May 5, 2014, a purported class of shareholders filed a lawsuit against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York (Menaldi v. Och-Ziff Capital Mgmt., et al.). The amended complaint asserted claims under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on behalf of all purchasers of Company securities from February 9, 2012 to August 22, 2014. Daniel Och, Joel Frank and Michael Cohen were also named as defendants. On March 16, 2015, all defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaint. On February 17, 2016, the court entered an order granting in part the motion to dismiss filed by the Company and Messrs. Och and Frank and dismissing Mr. Cohen from the action. On March 23, 2016, the Company and Messrs. Och and Frank filed their answer to the amended complaint. On November 18, 2016, plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint asserting claims under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on behalf of all purchasers of Company securities from November 18, 2011 to April 11, 2016. The second amended complaint alleges, among other things, breaches of certain disclosure obligations with respect to matters that were under investigation by the SEC and the DOJ, and names the Company and Messrs. Och, Frank and Cohen as defendants. On November 23, 2016, Mr. Cohen objected to being named as a defendant in the second amended complaint on procedural grounds. On December 21, 2016, the court directed the plaintiffs to file a motion for permission to renew their claims against Mr. Cohen. Plaintiffs filed their motion on January 7, 2017, and Mr. Cohen filed his opposition on January 21, 2017. On January 11, 2017, the Company and Messrs. Och and Frank filed motions to dismiss those portions of the second amended complaint that seek to revive dismissed claims or assert new claims against them. On March 24, 2017, plaintiffs filed their opposition to the motion to dismiss.
The Company believes the pending case is without merit and intends to defend it vigorously. The Company is unable to reasonably estimate the amount of loss or range of loss possible for this case.
Unearned Incentive Income
The Company receives incentive income distributions from certain real estate funds that are subject to clawback in the event of future losses in the respective fund. The Company recognizes this incentive income when it is no longer subject to clawback. These clawback contingencies will be resolved as remaining investments in the respective funds are realized, the timing of which is uncertain. The following table summarizes the activity in the Company’s unearned incentive income liability as of March 31, 2017:
 
Unearned Incentive Income
 
(dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2016
$
96,079

Incentive income collected but subject to clawback
5,995

Incentive income recognized
(1,204
)
Balance as of March 31, 2017
$
100,870

Investment Commitments
From time to time, certain funds consolidated by the Company may have commitments to fund investments. These commitments are funded through contributions from investors in those funds, including the Company if it is an investor in the relevant fund.
The Company has unfunded capital commitments of $21.9 million to certain funds it manages. It expects to fund these commitments over the next five years. In addition, certain of the Company’s executive managing directors, collectively, have capital commitments to funds managed by the Company of up to $39.9 million. The Company has guaranteed these commitments in the event any executive managing director fails to fund any portion when called by the fund. The Company has historically not funded any of these commitments and does not expect to in the future, as these commitments are expected to be funded by the Company’s executive managing directors individually.


28


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



The Company has committed to fund a portion of the operating budget for a joint venture. The amount of the commitment will be equal to the actual costs incurred in the projects the joint venture manages, as determined by the Company and its joint venture partner. The joint venture periodically returns substantially all of the cash that is contributed by the Company, as expenses incurred by the joint venture are generally reimbursed by the projects it manages.
Other Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts that provide a variety of general indemnifications. Such contracts include those with certain service providers, brokers and trading counterparties. Any exposure to the Company under these arrangements could involve future claims that may be made against the Company. Currently, no such claims exist or are expected to arise and, accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liability in connection with such indemnifications.
16. SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company’s operating segments are the Och-Ziff Funds segment and the Company’s real estate business. The Och-Ziff Funds, which provides asset management services to the Company’s multi-strategy funds, dedicated credit funds and other alternative investment vehicles, is currently the Company’s only reportable operating segment under GAAP. The Company’s real estate business, which provides asset management services to its real estate funds, is included in the Other Operations, as it does not meet the threshold of a reportable operating segment under GAAP.
In addition to analyzing the Company’s results on a GAAP basis, management also reviews its results on an “Economic Income” basis. Economic Income excludes the adjustments described below that are required for presentation of the Company’s results on a GAAP basis, but that management does not consider when evaluating operating performance in any given period. Management uses Economic Income as the basis on which it evaluates the Company’s financial performance and makes resource allocation and other operating decisions. Management considers it important that investors review the same operating information that it uses.
Economic Income is a measure of pre-tax operating performance that excludes the following from the Company’s results on a GAAP basis:
Income allocations to the Company’s executive managing directors on their direct interests in the Och-Ziff Operating Group. Management reviews operating performance at the Och-Ziff Operating Group level, where the Company’s operations are performed, prior to making any income allocations.
Equity-based compensation expenses, depreciation and amortization expenses, and gains and losses on assets held for sale, as management does not consider these non-cash expenses to be reflective of operating performance. However, the fair value of RSUs that are settled in cash to employees or executive managing directors is included as an expense at the time of settlement.
Changes in the tax receivable agreement liability and gains and losses on investments in Och-Ziff funds, as management does not consider these to be reflective of operating performance.
Amounts related to the consolidated Och-Ziff funds, including the related eliminations of management fees and incentive income, as management reviews the total amount of management fees and incentive income earned in relation to total assets under management and fund performance.
In addition, expenses related to incentive income profit-sharing arrangements are generally recognized at the same time the related incentive income revenue is recognized, as management reviews the total compensation expense related to these arrangements in relation to any incentive income earned by the relevant fund. Deferred cash compensation is expensed in full in the year granted for Economic Income, rather than over the service period for GAAP.


29


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



Finally, management reviews Economic Income revenues by presenting management fees net of recurring placement and related service fees, rather than considering these fees an expense, and by excluding the impact of eliminations related to the consolidated Och-Ziff funds.
Management does not regularly review assets by operating segment in assessing operating segment performance and the allocation of company resources; therefore, the Company does not present total assets by operating segment. Substantially all interest income and all interest expense related to outstanding indebtedness is allocated to the Och-Ziff Funds segment. The Company’s FCPA settlements were all allocated to the Och-Ziff Funds segment.
Och-Ziff Funds Segment Results
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Och-Ziff Funds Segment:
 
 
 
Economic Income Revenues
$
126,724

 
$
166,769

Economic Income
$
43,446

 
$
(119,939
)
Reconciliation of Och-Ziff Funds Segment Revenues to Consolidated Revenues
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Total consolidated revenues
$
139,152

 
$
188,442

Adjustment to management fees(1) 
(5,444
)
 
(12,531
)
Adjustment to incentive income(2) 

 

Other Operations revenues
(6,489
)
 
(8,776
)
Income of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
(495
)
 
(366
)
Economic Income Revenues - Och-Ziff Funds Segment
$
126,724

 
$
166,769

_______________
(1)
Adjustment to present management fees net of recurring placement and related service fees, as management considers these fees a reduction in management fees, not an expense. The impact of eliminations related to the consolidated Och-Ziff funds is also removed.
(2)
Adjustment to exclude the impact of eliminations related to the consolidated Och-Ziff funds.


30


OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — UNAUDITED
MARCH 31, 2017



Reconciliation of Och-Ziff Funds Segment Economic Income to Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Net Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders—GAAP
$
(7,164
)
 
$
(69,356
)
Change in redemption value of Preferred Units
2,853

 

Net Loss Attributable to Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC—GAAP
$
(4,311
)
 
$
(69,356
)
Net income (loss) attributable to the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units
9,635

 
(88,019
)
Equity-based compensation, net of RSUs settled in cash
18,478

 
18,542

Income taxes
12,056

 
18,539

Allocations to Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units
3,360

 
875

Adjustment for expenses related to compensation and profit-sharing arrangements based on fund investment performance
1,979

 
1,264

Changes in tax receivable agreement liability

 
(145
)
Depreciation and amortization and loss on disposal of fixed assets
4,212

 
3,402

Other adjustments
(1,011
)
 
(431
)
Other Operations
(952
)
 
(4,610
)
Economic Income - Och-Ziff Funds Segment
$
43,446

 
$
(119,939
)
17. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Dividend
On May 2, 2017, the Company announced a cash dividend of $0.02 per Class A Share. The dividend is payable on May 19, 2017, to holders of record as of the close of business on May 12, 2017.


31



Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This discussion contains forward-looking statements and involves numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described in “Part II—Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this report. Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report. An investment in our Class A Shares is not an investment in any of our funds.
Overview
Preferred Units Offering
As discussed in Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements, on September 29, 2016, we entered into the Purchase Agreement with the EMD Purchasers. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the EMD Purchasers agreed to purchase up to $400.0 million of Preferred Units. In October 2016, we issued $250.0 million of the Preferred Units to the EMD Purchasers. An additional $150.0 million of Preferred Units were issued to the EMD Purchasers in January 2017. We used the proceeds from the Preferred Units issued in October 2016, as well as cash on hand, to pay the $412.1 million in penalties and disgorgement related to the settlements with the SEC and the DOJ discussed above. We used the proceeds from the second sale of the Preferred Units in January 2017 to pay the outstanding balance under our Revolving Credit Facility.
Overview of Our Financial Results
We reported GAAP net loss attributable to Class A Shareholders of $7.2 million for the 2017 first quarter, compared to net loss of $69.4 million for the 2016 first quarter, primarily due to the $200.0 million FCPA settlements expense taken in the first quarter of 2016, as well as higher incentive income and lower income taxes year-over-year, partially offset by lower management fees. Also partially offsetting the year-over-year improvement in net loss was higher bonus expense, which was driven by our decision to provide a minimum annual discretionary cash bonus. As a result of this decision, we will accrue the minimum annual discretionary cash bonus on a straight-line basis during the year. The total amount of discretionary cash bonuses ultimately recognized for the full year, which is determined in the fourth quarter of each year, could differ materially from the minimum amount accrued, as the total discretionary cash bonus is dependent upon a variety of factors, including fund performance for the year.
We reported Economic Income of $44.4 million for the 2017 first quarter, compared to net loss of $115.3 million for the 2016 first quarter, primarily due to the $200.0 million FCPA settlements expense taken in the first quarter of 2016, as well as higher incentive income. These improvements were partially offset by lower management fees, as well as higher bonus expense due to our decision to provide a minimum annual discretionary cash bonus.
Economic Income is a non-GAAP measure. For additional information regarding non-GAAP measures, as well as for a discussion of the drivers of the year over year change in Economic Income, please see “—Economic Income Analysis.”
Overview of Assets Under Management and Fund Performance
Assets under management totaled $33.9 billion as of March 31, 2017. Longer-dated assets under management, which are those subject to initial commitment periods of three years or longer, were $16.9 billion, comprising 50% of our total assets under management as of March 31, 2017.
Assets under management in our multi-strategy funds totaled $17.7 billion as of March 31, 2017, decreasing 36%, or $9.8 billion, year-over-year. This change was driven by net capital outflows of $12.1 billion, primarily in the OZ Master Fund, our largest multi-strategy fund, partially offset by performance-related appreciation of $2.3 billion. Our multi-strategy funds experienced elevated redemptions and reduced inflows during 2016 and into early 2017 as a result of the FCPA matter, the related inability to rely on Regulation D, and the overall redemption cycle currently affecting the hedge fund industry.
OZ Master Fund generated a gross return of 5.5% and a net return of 4.1% year-to-date through March 31, 2017. These returns were driven by the fund’s long/short equity special situations, merger arbitrage, credit-related and convertible and derivative arbitrage strategies. Please see “—Assets Under Management and Fund Performance—Multi-Strategy Funds” for additional information regarding the returns of the OZ Master Fund.


32



Assets under management in our dedicated credit products totaled $13.3 billion as of March 31, 2017, increasing $920.0 million, or 7%, year-over-year. This change was driven by capital net inflows of $591.2 million and performance-related appreciation of $893.0 million, partially offset by $564.1 million of distributions and other reductions in our closed-end opportunistic credit funds.
Assets under management in our opportunistic credit funds were $5.3 billion as of March 31, 2017. OZ Credit Opportunities Master Fund, our global opportunistic credit fund, generated a gross return of 4.6% and a net return of 3.2% year-to-date through March 31, 2017. These returns were driven in part by realizations in corporate credit, structured credit and successful resolutions in various distressed situations. Assets under management for the fund were $1.7 billion as of March 31, 2017.
Assets under management in Institutional Credit Strategies were $8.0 billion as of March 31, 2017, increasing $771.6 million, or 11%, year-over-year. The increase was primarily driven by two additional CLOs that closed in the 2016 fourth quarter, including our first European CLO. We also refinanced three existing CLOs totaling $1.3 billion of par value during the first quarter.
Assets under management in our real estate funds totaled $2.2 billion as of March 31, 2017, increasing $121.8 million year-over-year. Since inception through March 31, 2017, the net internal rate of return (“IRR”) was 21.0% for Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund II (for which the investment period ended in 2014), and 15.7% for Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund I (for which the investment period ended in 2010).
Assets Under Management and Fund Performance
Our financial results are primarily driven by the combination of our assets under management and the investment performance of our funds. Both of these factors directly affect the revenues we earn from management fees and incentive income. Growth in assets under management due to capital placed with us by investors in our funds and positive investment performance of our funds drive growth in our revenues and earnings. Conversely, poor investment performance slows our growth by decreasing our assets under management and increasing the potential for redemptions from our funds, which would have a negative effect on our revenues and earnings.
We typically accept capital from new and existing investors in our funds on a monthly basis on the first day of each month. Investors in our multi-strategy and our open-end opportunistic credit funds (other than with respect to capital invested in Special Investments) typically have the right to redeem their interests in a fund following an initial lock-up period of one to three years. Following the expiration of these lock-up periods, subject to certain limitations, investors may redeem capital generally on a quarterly or annual basis upon giving 30 to 90 days’ prior written notice. However, upon the payment of a redemption fee to the applicable fund and upon giving 30 days’ prior written notice, certain investors may redeem capital during the lock-up period. The lock-up requirements for our funds may generally be waived or modified at the sole discretion of each fund’s general partner or board of directors, as applicable.
With respect to investors with quarterly redemption rights, requests for redemptions submitted during a quarter generally reduce assets under management on the first day of the following quarter. Accordingly, quarterly redemptions generally will have no impact on management fees during the quarter in which they are submitted. Instead, these redemptions will reduce management fees in the following quarter. With respect to investors with annual redemption rights, redemptions paid prior to the end of a quarter impact assets under management in the quarter in which they are paid, and therefore impact management fees for that quarter.
Investors in our closed-end credit funds, Institutional Credit Strategies products, real estate and certain other funds are not able to redeem their investments. In those funds, investors generally make a commitment that is funded over an investment period (or at launch for our CLOs). Upon the expiration of the investment period, the investments are then sold or realized over time, and distributions are made to the investors in the fund.
In a declining market, during periods when the hedge fund industry generally experiences outflows, or in response to specific company events, we could experience increased redemptions and a consequent reduction in our assets under management. Recently, our assets under management have declined and we believe this trend will likely continue to some extent


33



for some period of time in light of the recently settled FCPA matter, the related inability to rely on Regulation D, and the current redemption trend in the hedge fund industry.
Information with respect to our assets under management throughout this report, including the tables set forth below, includes investments by us, our executive managing directors, employees and certain other related parties. As of March 31, 2017, approximately 7% of our assets under management represented investments by us, our executive managing directors, employees and certain other related parties in our funds. As of that date, approximately 65% of these affiliated assets under management are not charged management fees and are not subject to an incentive income calculation. Additionally, to the extent that an Och-Ziff fund is an investor in another Och-Ziff fund, we waive or rebate a corresponding portion of the management fees charged to the fund.
As further discussed below in “—Understanding Our Results—Revenues,” we generally calculate management fees based on assets under management as of the beginning of each quarter. The assets under management in the tables below are presented net of management fees and incentive income as of the end of the period. Accordingly, the assets under management presented in the tables below are not the amounts used to calculate management fees for the respective periods.
Summary of Changes in Assets Under Management
The tables below present the changes to our assets under management for the respective periods based on the type of funds or investment vehicles we manage.
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Inflows / (Outflows)
 
Distributions / Other Reductions
 
Appreciation / (Depreciation)
 
March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Multi-strategy funds
$
21,084,548

 
$
(4,159,118
)
 
$

 
$
777,041

 
$
17,702,471

Credit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Opportunistic credit funds
5,417,498

 
(211,182
)
 
(19,769
)
 
140,457

 
5,327,004

Institutional Credit Strategies
8,019,510

 
3,453

 

 
(8,602
)
 
8,014,361

Real estate funds
2,171,946

 
33,474

 
(16,432
)
 
642

 
2,189,630

Other
1,186,801

 
(495,048
)
 
(30,016
)
 
22,631

 
684,368

Total
$
37,880,303

 
$
(4,828,421
)
 
$
(66,217
)
 
$
932,169

 
$
33,917,834

 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
Inflows / (Outflows)
 
Distributions / Other Reductions
 
Appreciation / (Depreciation)
 
March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Multi-strategy funds
$
29,510,248

 
$
(1,054,252
)
 
$

 
$
(944,866
)
 
$
27,511,130

Credit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Opportunistic credit funds
5,383,629

 
(60,316
)
 
(141,000
)
 
(3,785
)
 
5,178,528

Institutional Credit Strategies
7,241,680

 
5,379

 

 
(4,255
)
 
7,242,804

Real estate funds
2,048,559

 
75,039

 
(54,293
)
 
(1,435
)
 
2,067,870

Other
1,310,745

 
(43,372
)
 

 
(55,647
)
 
1,211,726

Total
$
45,494,861

 
$
(1,077,522
)
 
$
(195,293
)
 
$
(1,009,988
)
 
$
43,212,058

In the first quarter of 2017, our funds experienced performance-related appreciation of $932.2 million and net outflows of $4.8 billion, which was comprised of $149.5 million of gross inflows and $5.0 billion of gross outflows due to redemptions. We also had $66.2 million in distributions and other reductions related to investors in our other funds, closed-end opportunistic credit and real estate funds. We experienced elevated redemptions and reduced inflows in our multi-strategy funds during the first quarter of 2017 as a result of the FCPA matter, the related inability to rely on Regulation D, and the overall redemption cycle


34



currently affecting the hedge fund industry. In the first quarter of 2017, excluding CLOs, related parties and corporate, institutional and other investors were the largest sources of our gross inflows, while pensions and private banks were our largest sources of gross outflows. Our assets under management were $31.9 billion as of April 1, 2017, as capital net outflows are decreasing as compared to the previous three quarters.
In the first quarter of 2016, our funds experienced performance-related depreciation of $1.0 billion and net outflows of $1.1 billion, which was comprised of $303.0 million of gross inflows and $1.4 billion of gross outflows due to redemptions. We also had $195.3 million in distributions to investors in our closed-end opportunistic credit and real estate funds. Excluding CLOs, private banks and fund-of-funds were the largest sources of our gross inflows, while pensions, private banks and fund-of-funds were our largest sources of gross outflows during the first quarter of 2016.
Weighted-Average Assets Under Management and Average Management Fee Rates
The table below presents our weighted-average assets under management and average management fee rates. Weighted-average assets under management exclude the impact of first quarter investment performance for the periods presented, as these amounts generally do not impact management fees calculated for those periods. The average management fee rates presented below take into account the effect of non-fee paying assets under management. Please see the respective sections below for average management fee rates by fund type.
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)

Weighted-average assets under management
$
33,163,162

 
$
44,386,712

Average management fee rates
0.99
%
 
1.31
%
The decline in our average management fee rate for the periods presented occurred primarily because of a change in the mix of products that comprise our assets under management, as well as due to reductions in the management fee rates in our multi-strategy assets under management that took effect during the fourth quarter of 2016. Our average management fee will vary from period to period based on the mix of products that comprise our assets under management.
Fund Performance Information
The tables below present performance information for the funds we manage. All of our funds are managed by the Och-Ziff Funds segment with the exception of our real estate funds, which are managed by the real estate management business included in Other Operations.
The performance information presented in this report is not indicative of the performance of our Class A Shares and is not necessarily indicative of the future results of any particular fund, including the accrued unrecognized amounts of incentive income. An investment in our Class A Shares is not an investment in any of our funds. There can be no assurance that any of our existing or future funds will achieve similar results. The timing and amount of incentive income generated from our funds are inherently uncertain. Incentive income is a function of investment performance and realizations of investments, which vary period-to-period based on market conditions and other factors. We cannot predict when, or if, any realization of investments will occur. Incentive income recognized for any particular period is not a reliable indicator of incentive income that may be earned in subsequent periods.
The return information presented in this report represents, where applicable, the composite performance of all feeder funds that comprise each of the master funds presented. Gross return information is generally calculated using the total return of all feeder funds, net of all fees and expenses except management fees and incentive income of such feeder funds and master funds and the returns of each feeder fund include the reinvestment of all dividends and other income. Net return information is generally calculated as the gross returns less management fees and incentive income (except incentive income on unrealized gains attributable to Special Investments in certain funds that could reduce returns on these investments at the time of realization). Return information also includes realized and unrealized gains and losses attributable to Special Investments and initial public


35



offering investments that are not allocated to all investors in the feeder funds. Investors that were not allocated Special Investments and initial public offering investments may experience materially different returns.
Multi-Strategy Funds
The table below presents assets under management and investment performance for our multi-strategy funds. Assets under management are generally based on the net asset value of these products. Management fees generally range from 1.00% to 2.50% of assets under management. For the first quarter of 2017, our multi-strategy funds had an average management fee rate of 1.32%.
We generally crystallize incentive income from the majority of our multi-strategy funds on an annual basis. Incentive income is generally equal to 20% of the realized and unrealized profits attributable to each investor. A portion of the assets under management in each of the OZ Master Fund and our other multi-strategy funds is subject to initial commitment periods of three years, and certain of these assets are subject to hurdle rates (generally equal to the 3-month T-bill or LIBOR rate). However, once the investment performance has exceeded the hurdle rate for a portion of these assets, we may receive a preferential “catch-up” allocation, resulting in a potential recognition by us of a full 20% of the net profits attributable to investors in these assets.
 
Assets Under Management as of March 31,
 
Returns for the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
Annualized Returns Since Inception Through March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
Gross
 
Net
 
Gross
 
Net
 
Gross
 
Net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OZ Master Fund(1)
$
14,712,330

 
$
22,576,072

 
5.5
%
 
4.1
%
 
-3.0
 %
 
-3.4
 %
 
16.9
%
(1) 
11.9
%
(1) 
OZ Asia Master Fund
791,304

 
1,156,795

 
7.4
%
 
6.4
%
 
-2.7
 %
 
-3.2
 %
 
9.4
%
 
5.4
%
 
OZ Europe Master Fund
372,548

 
861,950

 
3.3
%
 
2.4
%
 
-2.0
 %
 
-2.4
 %
 
11.7
%
 
7.7
%
 
OZ Enhanced Master Fund
654,120

 
1,055,923

 
8.7
%
 
6.6
%
 
-5.3
 %
 
-5.8
 %
 
13.4
%
 
9.0
%
 
Och-Ziff European Multi-Strategy UCITS Fund
21,419

 
277,361

 
2.4
%
 
2.1
%
 
-4.5
 %
 
-4.9
 %
 
4.9
%
 
2.2
%
 
Other funds
1,150,750

 
1,583,029

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
 
$
17,702,471

 
$
27,511,130

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_______________
n/m not meaningful
(1)
The annualized returns since inception are those of the Och-Ziff Multi-Strategy Composite, which represents the composite performance of all accounts that were managed in accordance with our broad multi-strategy mandate that were not subject to portfolio investment restrictions or other factors that limited our investment discretion since inception on April 1, 1994. Performance is calculated using the total return of all such accounts net of all investment fees and expenses of such accounts, except incentive income on unrealized gains attributable to Special Investments that could reduce returns in these investments at the time of realization, and the returns include the reinvestment of all dividends and other income. The performance calculation for the OZ Master Fund excludes realized and unrealized gains and losses attributable to currency hedging specific to certain investors investing in OZ Master Fund in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. For the period from April 1, 1994 through December 31, 1997, the returns are gross of certain overhead expenses that were reimbursed by the accounts. Such reimbursement arrangements were terminated at the inception of the OZ Master Fund on January 1, 1998. The size of the accounts comprising the composite during the time period shown vary materially. Such differences impacted our investment decisions and the diversity of the investment strategies followed. Furthermore, the composition of the investment strategies we follow is subject to our discretion, has varied materially since inception and is expected to vary materially in the future. As of March 31, 2017, the gross and net annualized returns since the OZ Master Fund’s inception on January 1, 1998 were 13.1% and 8.9%, respectively.
The $9.8 billion, or 36%, year over year decrease in assets under management in our multi-strategy funds was primarily due to capital net outflows of $12.1 billion, primarily from the OZ Master Fund, our largest multi-strategy fund, partially offset by performance-related appreciation of $2.3 billion. We continued to experience redemptions in early 2017 as a result of the FCPA matter, the related inability to rely on Regulation D, as well as the overall redemption cycle currently affecting the hedge fund industry. In the first quarter of 2017, the largest sources of gross outflows from our multi-strategy funds were attributable to pensions, private banks and corporate, institutional and other investors.
For the first quarter of 2017, the OZ Master Fund generated a gross return of 5.5% and a net return of 4.1%. These returns were driven by the fund’s long/short equity special situations, merger arbitrage, credit-related and convertible and derivative arbitrage strategies.


36



For the first quarter of 2016, the OZ Master Fund generated a gross return of -3.0% and a net return of -3.4%. On a gross basis, U.S. long/short equity special situations was the largest contributor to the performance-related depreciation, partially offset by positive performance in merger arbitrage, credit-related strategies and convertible and derivative arbitrage.
Credit
 
Assets Under Management as of March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Opportunistic credit funds
$
5,327,004

 
$
5,178,528

Institutional Credit Strategies
8,014,361

 
7,242,804

 
$
13,341,365

 
$
12,421,332

Opportunistic Credit Funds
Our opportunistic credit funds seek to generate risk-adjusted returns by capturing value in mispriced investments across disrupted, dislocated and distressed corporate, structured and private credit markets globally.
Certain of our opportunistic credit funds are open-end and allow for contributions and redemptions (subject to initial lock-up and notice periods) on a periodic basis similar to our multi-strategy funds. Our remaining opportunistic credit funds are closed-end, whereby investors make a commitment that is funded over an investment period. Upon the expiration of an investment period, the investments are then sold or realized over a period of time, and distributions are made to the investors in the fund.
Assets under management for our opportunistic credit funds are generally based on the net asset value of those funds plus any unfunded commitments. Management fees for our opportunistic credit funds generally range from 0.50% to 1.75% of the net asset value of these funds. For the first quarter of 2017, our opportunistic credit funds had an average management fee rate of 0.85%.
The table below presents assets under management and investment performance information for certain of our opportunistic credit funds. Incentive income related to these funds (excluding the closed-end opportunistic fund, which is explained further below) is generally equal to 20% of realized and unrealized profits attributable to each investor, and a portion of these assets under management is subject to hurdle rates (generally 5% to 8%). However, once the investment performance has exceeded the hurdle rate, we may receive a preferential “catch-up” allocation, resulting in a potential recognition by us of a full 20% of the net profits attributable to investors in these funds. The measurement periods for these assets under management generally range from one to five years.
 
Assets Under Management as of March 31,
 
Returns for the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
Annualized Returns Since Inception Through March 31, 2017
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross
 
Net
 
Gross
 
Net
 
Gross
 
Net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OZ Credit Opportunities Master Fund
$
1,698,229

 
$
1,499,382

 
4.6
%
 
3.2
%
 
1.3
%
 
1.0
%
 
17.6
%
 
13.1
%
Customized Credit Focused Platform
2,807,683

 
2,466,215

 
1.6
%
 
1.2
%
 
0.5
%
 
0.4
%
 
20.1
%
 
15.2
%
Closed-end opportunistic credit funds
346,779

 
756,196

 
See below for return information on our closed-end opportunistic credit funds.
Other funds
474,313

 
456,735

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
$
5,327,004

 
$
5,178,528

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_______________
n/m not meaningful


37



Assets under management in our opportunistic credit funds increased by $148.5 million, or 3%, year-over-year. This change was driven by $903.6 million of performance-related appreciation, partially offset by $564.1 million of distributions and other reductions in our closed-end opportunistic credit funds.
For the first quarter of 2017, the OZ Credit Opportunities Master Fund, our global opportunistic credit fund, generated a gross return of 4.6% and a net return of 3.2%. These returns were driven in part by realizations in corporate credit, structured credit and successful resolutions in various distressed situations. For the first quarter of 2016, OZ Credit Opportunities Master Fund generated a gross return of 1.3% and a net return of 1.0%, which was driven by the fund’s U.S. portfolio.
The table below presents assets under management, investment performance and other information for our closed-end opportunistic credit funds. Incentive income related to these funds is generally equal to 20% of the cumulative realized profits attributable to each investor over the life of the fund, subject to hurdle rates (generally 5% to 10%), and is recognized at or near the end of the life of the fund when it is no longer subject to clawback. However, once the investment performance has exceeded the hurdle rate, we may receive a preferential “catch-up” allocation, resulting in a potential recognition by us of a full 20% of the net profits attributable to investors in these funds. The investment periods for these funds may generally be extended for an additional one to two years.
 
Assets Under Management as of March 31,
 
Inception to Date as of March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
IRR
 
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
Total Commitments
 
Total Invested Capital(1)
 
Gross(2)
 
Net(3)
 
Gross MOIC(4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund (Investment Period)
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
OZ European Credit Opportunities Fund (2012-2015)(5)
$
68,272

 
$
175,664

 
$
459,600

 
$
305,487

 
16.6
%
 
12.5
%
 
1.48x
OZ Structured Products Domestic Fund II (2011-2014)(5)
112,238

 
257,261

 
326,850

 
326,850

 
19.6
%
 
15.3
%
 
1.94x
OZ Structured Products Offshore Fund II (2011-2014)(5)
110,596

 
237,353

 
304,531

 
304,531

 
16.9
%
 
12.9
%
 
1.74x
OZ Structured Products Offshore Fund I (2010-2013)(5)
5,258

 
22,976

 
155,098

 
155,098

 
24.0
%
 
19.2
%
 
2.1x
OZ Structured Products Domestic Fund I (2010-2013)(5)
4,698

 
14,240

 
99,986

 
99,986

 
22.9
%
 
18.2
%
 
1.99x
Other funds
45,717

 
48,702

 
346,250

 
313,250

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m
 
$
346,779

 
$
756,196

 
$
1,692,315

 
$
1,505,202

 
 
 
 
 
 
_______________
n/m not meaningful
(1)
Represents funded capital commitments net of recallable distributions to investors.
(2)
Gross IRR for our closed-end opportunistic credit funds represents the estimated, unaudited, annualized return based on the timing of cash inflows and outflows for the fund as of March 31, 2017, including the fair value of unrealized investments as of such date, together with any appreciation or depreciation from related hedging activity. Gross IRR does not include the effects of management fees or incentive income, which would reduce the return, and includes the reinvestment of all fund income.
(3)
Net IRR is calculated as described in footnote (2), but is reduced by all management fees, as well as paid incentive and accrued incentive income that will be payable upon the distribution of each fund’s capital in accordance with the terms of the relevant fund. Accrued incentive income may be higher or lower at such time. The net IRR represents a composite rate of return for a fund and does not reflect the net IRR specific to any individual investor.
(4)
Gross MOIC for our closed-end opportunistic credit funds is calculated by dividing the sum of the net asset value of the fund, accrued incentive income, life-to-date incentive income and management fees paid and any non-recallable distributions made from the fund by the invested capital.
(5)
These funds have concluded their investment periods, and therefore we expect assets under management for these funds to decrease as investments are sold and the related proceeds are distributed to the investors in these funds.


38



Institutional Credit Strategies
Institutional Credit Strategies is our asset management platform that invests in performing credits, including leveraged loans, high-yield bonds, private credit/bespoke financing and investment grade credit via CLOs and other customized solutions for clients.
Assets under management for our CLOs are generally based on the par value of the collateral and cash held in the CLOs. However, assets under management are reduced for any investments in our CLOs held by our other funds in order to avoid double counting these assets. Management fees for the CLOs are generally 0.50% of assets under management. For the first quarter of 2017, our Institutional Credit Strategies products had an average management fee rate of 0.41%.
Incentive income from our CLOs is generally equal to 20% of the excess cash flows due to the holders of the subordinated notes issued by the CLOs, and is generally subject to a 12% hurdle rate. Because of the hurdle rate and structure of our CLOs, we do not expect to earn a meaningful amount of incentive income from these entities, and therefore no return information is presented for these vehicles. The OZLM CLOs presented below are our U.S. CLOs, and OZLME is our European CLO.
 
 
 
 
 
Assets Under Management as of March 31,
 
Initial Closing Date
 
Initial Deal Size
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
CLOs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OZLM I
July 19, 2012
 
$
510,700

 
$
497,432

 
$
498,801

OZLM II
November 1, 2012
 
560,100

 
509,369

 
515,767

OZLM III
February 20, 2013
 
653,250

 
609,470

 
612,179

OZLM IV
June 27, 2013
 
600,000

 
539,900

 
541,469

OZLM V
December 17, 2013
 
501,250

 
468,015

 
469,582

OZLM VI
April 16, 2014
 
621,250

 
596,721

 
598,395

OZLM VII
June 26, 2014
 
824,750

 
795,840

 
796,872

OZLM VIII
September 9, 2014
 
622,250

 
596,892

 
596,764

OZLM IX
December 22, 2014
 
510,208

 
495,000

 
496,009

OZLM XI
March 12, 2015
 
510,500

 
490,609

 
491,528

OZLM XII
May 28, 2015
 
565,650

 
549,966

 
548,328

OZLM XIII
August 6, 2015
 
511,600

 
496,038

 
496,471

OZLM XIV
December 21, 2015
 
507,420

 
503,377

 
495,798

OZLM XV
December 20, 2016
 
409,250

 
396,489

 

OZLME I
December 15, 2016
 
430,490

 
426,009

 

 
 
 
8,338,668

 
7,971,127

 
7,157,963

Other funds
n/a
 
n/a

 
43,234

 
84,841

 
 
 
$
8,338,668

 
$
8,014,361

 
$
7,242,804

The year-over-year increase in assets under management was driven primarily by the closing of two new CLOs, including our first European CLO. Institutional Credit Strategies also refinanced three existing CLOs totaling $1.3 billion of par value during the first quarter of 2017. Refinancing CLOs produces further returns for the CLO equity holders, generates excess spread for bond investors, and extends the duration of the given CLO’s management fees.
Real Estate Funds
Our real estate funds generally make investments in commercial and residential real estate, including real property, multi-property portfolios, real estate-related joint ventures, real estate operating companies and other real estate-related assets.


39



Assets under management for our real estate funds are generally based on the amount of capital committed by our fund investors during the investment period and the amount of actual capital invested for periods following the investment period. However, assets under management are reduced for unfunded commitments by our executive managing directors that will be funded through transfers from other funds in order to avoid double counting these assets. Management fees for our real estate funds generally range from 0.75% to 1.50% of assets under management; however, management fees for Och-Ziff Real Estate Credit Fund I are based on invested capital. For the first quarter of 2017, our real estate funds had an average management fee rate of 0.99%.
The tables below present assets under management, investment performance and other information for our real estate funds. Incentive income related to these funds is equal to 20% of the cumulative realized profits attributable to each investor over the life of the fund, subject to hurdle rates (generally 6% to 10%). However, once the investment performance has exceeded the hurdle rate, we may receive a preferential “catch-up” allocation, resulting in a potential recognition by us of a full 20% of the net profits attributable to investors in these funds.
 
Assets Under Management as of December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
 
 
Fund
(dollars in thousands)
Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund I
$
14,179

 
$
33,122

Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund II
323,915

 
346,558

Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund III
1,457,963

 
1,450,927

Och-Ziff Real Estate Credit Fund I
286,449

 
130,150

Other funds
107,124

 
107,113

 
$
2,189,630

 
$
2,067,870

 
Inception to Date as of March 31, 2017
 
 
 
Total Investments
 
Realized/Partially Realized Investments(1)
 
Total Commitments
 
Invested Capital(2)
 
Total
Value(3)
 
Gross IRR(4)
 
Net IRR(5)
 
Gross MOIC(6)
 
Invested Capital
 
Total
Value
 
Gross IRR(4)
 
Gross MOIC(6)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund (Investment Period)
(dollars in thousands)
Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund I(7) (2005-2010)
$
408,081

 
$
385,636

 
$
801,903

 
25.2
%
 
15.7
%
 
2.1x
 
$
372,720

 
$
798,259

 
26.5
%
 
2.1x
Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund II(7) (2011-2014)
839,508

 
780,945

 
1,391,674

 
32.7
%
 
21.0
%
 
1.8x
 
552,240

 
1,131,411

 
39.4
%
 
2.0x
Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund III(8) (2014-2019)
1,500,000

 
500,159

 
633,791

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m
 

 

 
n/m

 
n/m
Och-Ziff Real Estate Credit Fund I(8) (2015-2019)
323,225

 
97,044

 
109,179

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m
 
22,419

 
26,483

 
n/m

 
n/m
Other funds
241,590

 
141,175

 
197,909

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m
 
38,090

 
92,838

 
n/m

 
n/m
 
$
3,312,404

 
$
1,904,959

 
$
3,134,456

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
985,469

 
$
2,048,991

 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized Investments as of March 31, 2017
 
Invested Capital
 
Total
Value
 
Gross
MOIC(6)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund (Investment Period)
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund I (2005-2010)(7)
$
12,916

 
$
3,644

 
0.3x
Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund II (2011-2014)(7)
228,705

 
260,263

 
1.1x
Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund III (2014-2019)(8)
500,159

 
633,791

 
n/m
Och-Ziff Real Estate Credit Fund I (2015-2019)(8)
74,625

 
82,696

 
n/m
Other funds
103,085

 
105,071

 
n/m
 
$
919,490

 
$
1,085,465

 
 
_______________
n/m not meaningful


40



(1)
An investment is considered partially realized when the total amount of proceeds received, including dividends, interest or other distributions of income and return of capital, represents at least 50% of invested capital.
(2)
Invested capital represents total aggregate contributions made for investments by the fund.
(3)
Total value represents the sum of realized distributions and the fair value of unrealized and partially realized investments as of March 31, 2017. Total value will be impacted (either positively or negatively) by future economic and other factors. Accordingly, the total value ultimately realized will likely be higher or lower than the amounts presented as of March 31, 2017.
(4)
Gross IRR for our real estate funds represents the estimated, unaudited, annualized return based on the timing of cash inflows and outflows for the aggregated investments as of March 31, 2017, including the fair value of unrealized and partially realized investments as of such date, together with any unrealized appreciation or depreciation from related hedging activity. Gross IRR is not adjusted for estimated management fees, incentive income or other fees or expenses to be paid by the fund, which would reduce the return.
(5)
Net IRR is calculated as described in footnote (4), but is reduced by all management fees and other fund-level fees and expenses not adjusted for in the calculation of gross IRR. Net IRR is further reduced by paid incentive and accrued incentive income that will be payable upon the distribution of each fund’s capital in accordance with the terms of the relevant fund. Accrued incentive income may be higher or lower at such time. The net IRR represents a composite rate of return for a fund and does not reflect the net IRR specific to any individual investor.
(6)
Gross MOIC for our real estate funds is calculated by dividing the value of a fund’s investments by the invested capital, prior to adjustments for incentive income, management fees or other expenses to be paid by the fund.
(7)
These funds have concluded their investment periods, and therefore we expect assets under management for these funds to decrease as investments are sold and the related proceeds are distributed to the investors in these funds.
(8)
These funds recently launched and have only invested a small portion of their committed capital; therefore, IRR and MOIC information is not presented, as it is not meaningful.
Other
Our other assets under management are comprised of funds that are generally strategy-specific, including our equity, Africa and energy funds. Management fees for these funds range from 0.75% to 2.25% of assets under management, generally based on the amount of capital committed to these platforms by our fund investors. For the first quarter of 2017, our other funds had an average management fee rate of 0.69%.
Incentive income for our equity funds is generally 20% of realized and unrealized annual profits attributable to each investor. Incentive income related to the Africa and energy funds is generally 20% of cumulative realized profits attributable to each investor, and is subject to hurdle rates (generally 3% to 8%). Incentive income for the Africa and energy funds is generally not recognized as revenue until near the end of the life of the fund when it is no longer subject to clawback.
Longer-Term Assets Under Management
As of March 31, 2017, approximately 50% of our assets under management were subject to initial commitment periods of three years or longer. We earn incentive income on these assets based on the cumulative investment performance generated over this commitment period. The table below presents the amount of these assets under management, as well as the gross amount of incentive income accrued at the fund level but for which the commitment period has not concluded. These amounts have not yet been recognized in our revenues, as we recognize incentive income at the end of the commitment period when amounts are no longer subject to clawback. Further, these amounts may ultimately not be recognized as revenue by us in the event of future losses in the respective funds. See “—Understanding Our Results—Incentive Income” for additional information.
 
March 31, 2017
 
Longer-Term Assets Under Management
 
Accrued Unrecognized Incentive Income
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Multi-strategy funds
$
2,311,335

 
$
40,146

Credit
 
 
 
Opportunistic credit funds
4,197,122

 
181,845

Institutional Credit Strategies
7,973,531

 

Real estate funds
2,189,630

 
126,394

Other
276,855

 
1,660

 
$
16,948,473

 
$
350,045



41



We recognize incentive income on our longer-term assets under management in our multi-strategy funds and open-end opportunistic credit funds at the end of their respective commitment periods, which are generally three to five years. Incentive income related to assets under management in our closed-end opportunistic credit funds and our real estate funds is generally recognized near the end of the life of each fund. These funds generally begin to make distributions after the conclusion of their respective investment period, as presented in the tables above. However, these investment periods may generally be extended for an additional one to two years.


42



Understanding Our Results
Revenues
Our operations historically have been financed primarily by cash flows generated by our business. Our principal sources of revenues are management fees and incentive income. For any given period, our revenues are influenced by the amount of our assets under management, the investment performance of our funds and the timing of when we recognize incentive income for certain assets under management as discussed below.
The ability of investors to contribute capital to and redeem capital from our funds causes our assets under management to fluctuate from period to period. Fluctuations in assets under management also result from our funds’ investment performance. Both of these factors directly impact the revenues we earn from management fees and incentive income. For example, a $1 billion increase or decrease in assets under management subject to a 2% management fee would generally increase or decrease annual management fees by $20 million. If net profits attributable to a fee-paying fund investor were $10 million in a given year, we generally would earn incentive income equal to $2 million, assuming a 20% incentive income rate, a one-year commitment period, no hurdle rate and no high-water marks from prior years.
For any given quarter, our revenues are influenced by the combination of assets under management and the investment performance of our funds. For the first three quarters of each year, our revenues are primarily comprised of the management fees we have earned for each respective quarter. In addition, we may recognize incentive income for assets under management for which the measurement period expired in that quarter, such as assets subject to three-year commitment periods, or incentive income related to fund investor redemptions, and these amounts may be significant. In the fourth quarter, our revenues are primarily comprised of the management fees we have earned for the quarter, as well as incentive income related to the full-year investment performance generated on assets under management that are subject to one-year commitment periods, or for other assets under management for which the commitment period expired in that quarter.
Management Fees. Management fees are generally calculated and paid to us on a quarterly basis in advance, based on the amount of assets under management at the beginning of the quarter. Management fees are prorated for capital inflows and redemptions during the quarter. Accordingly, changes in our management fee revenues from quarter to quarter are driven by changes in the quarterly opening balances of assets under management, the relative magnitude and timing of inflows and redemptions during the respective quarter, as well as the impact of differing management fee rates charged on those inflows and redemptions. See “—Weighted-Average Assets Under Management and Average Management Fee Rates” for information on our average management fee rate.
Incentive Income. We earn incentive income based on the cumulative performance of our funds over a commitment period. Incentive income is typically equal to 20% of the net realized and unrealized profits attributable to each fund investor in our multi-strategy funds, open-end opportunistic credit funds and certain other funds, but it excludes unrealized gains and losses attributable to Special Investments. For our closed-end opportunistic credit funds, real estate funds and certain other funds, incentive income is typically equal to 20% of the realized profits attributable to each fund investor. For our CLOs, incentive income is typically 20% of the excess cash flows available to the holders of the subordinated notes. Our ability to earn incentive income from some of our funds may be impacted by hurdle rates as further discussed below.  
For funds that we consolidate, incentive income is recognized by allocating a portion of the net income of the consolidated Och-Ziff funds to us rather than to the fund investors (noncontrolling interests). Incentive income allocated to us is not reflected as incentive income in our consolidated revenues, as these amounts are eliminated in consolidation. The allocation of incentive income to us is based on the contractual terms of the relevant fund agreements. As a result, we may recognize earnings related to our incentive income allocation from the consolidated Och-Ziff funds prior to the end of their respective commitment periods, and therefore we may recognize earnings that are subject to clawback to the extent a consolidated fund generates subsequent losses. For Economic Income purposes, we defer recognition of these earnings until they are no longer subject to clawback.
For funds that we do not consolidate, incentive income is recognized at the end of the applicable commitment period when the amounts are contractually payable, or “crystallized,” and when no longer subject to clawback. Additionally, all of our multi-strategy funds and open-end opportunistic credit funds are subject to a perpetual loss carry forward, or a perpetual “high-water mark,” meaning we would not be able to earn incentive income with respect to positive investment performance we


43



generate for a fund investor in any year following negative investment performance until that loss is recouped, at which point a fund investor’s investment surpasses the high-water mark. We earn incentive income on any net profits in excess of the high-water mark.
The commitment period for most of our multi-strategy assets under management is for a period of one year on a calendar-year basis, and therefore we generally crystallize incentive income annually on December 31. We may also recognize incentive income related to fund investor redemptions at other times during the year, as well as on assets under management subject to commitment periods that are longer than one year. We may also recognize incentive income for tax distributions related to these assets. Tax distributions are amounts distributed to us to cover tax liabilities related to incentive income that has been accrued at the fund level but will not be recognized by us until the end of the relevant commitment period (if at all). These tax distributions are not subject to clawback once distributed to us.
Approximately $16.9 billion, or 50%, of our assets under management as of March 31, 2017 were subject to initial commitment periods of three years or longer. These assets under management include assets subject to three-year commitment periods in the OZ Master Fund and certain other multi-strategy funds, as well as assets in our opportunistic credit funds, CLOs, real estate funds and certain other funds. Incentive income related to these assets is based on the cumulative investment performance over a specified commitment period (in the case of CLOs, based on the excess cash flows available to the holders of the subordinated notes), and, to the extent a fund is not consolidated, is not earned until it is no longer subject to repayment to the respective fund. Our ability to earn incentive income on these longer-term assets is also subject to hurdle rates whereby we do not earn any incentive income until the investment returns exceed an agreed upon benchmark. However, for a portion of these assets subject to hurdle rates, once the investment performance has exceeded the hurdle rate, we may receive a preferential “catch-up” allocation, resulting in a potential recognition by us of a full 20% of the net profits attributable to investors in these assets.
Income of Consolidated Och-Ziff Funds. Revenues recorded as income of consolidated Och-Ziff funds consist of interest income, dividend income and other miscellaneous items.
Expenses
Compensation and Benefits. Compensation and benefits consist of salaries, benefits, payroll taxes, and discretionary and guaranteed cash bonus expenses. On an annual basis, compensation and benefits comprise a significant portion of total expenses, with discretionary cash bonuses generally comprising a significant portion of total compensation and benefits. These cash bonuses are based on total annual revenues, which are significantly influenced by the amount of incentive income we earn in the year. Through 2016, annual discretionary cash bonuses were generally determined and expensed in the fourth quarter of each year. In the first quarter of 2017, we decided to provide a minimum annual discretionary cash bonus. As a result of this decision, we will accrue the minimum annual discretionary cash bonus on a straight-line basis during the year. The total amount of discretionary cash bonus ultimately recognized for the full year, which is determined in the fourth quarter of each year, could differ materially from the minimum amount accrued, as the total discretionary cash bonus is dependent upon a variety of factors, including fund performance for the year. 
Compensation and benefits also includes equity-based compensation expense, which is primarily in the form of RSUs granted to our independent board members, employees and executive managing directors, as well as Partner Equity Units granted to executive managing directors. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for a description of these units.
We also issue Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units to executive managing directors. The Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units are not considered equity under GAAP, and therefore no equity-based compensation expense is recognized related to these units when they are granted. Distributions to holders of Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units are included within compensation and benefits in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). These distributions are accrued in the quarter in which the related income was earned and are paid out the following quarter at the same time distributions on the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units and dividends on the Company’s Class A Shares are paid.
An Och-Ziff Operating Group D Unit converts into an Och-Ziff Operating Group A Unit to the extent the Company determines that it has become economically equivalent to an Och-Ziff Operating Group A Unit, at which point it is considered a grant of equity-based compensation for GAAP purposes. Upon the conversion of Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units into Och-


44



Ziff Operating Group A Units, we recognize a one-time charge for the grant-date fair value of the vested units and begin to amortize the grant-date fair value of the unvested units over the vesting period. As additional Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units are converted into Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units in the future, we may see increasing non-cash equity-based compensation expense related to these units.
Effective March 1, 2017, the Board of Directors approved amendments to the Limited Partnership Agreements of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities to adjust the measurement thresholds used in calculating the appreciation necessary to permit a determination that Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units issued prior to March 1, 2017 have become economically equivalent to Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units, making it more likely that outstanding Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units (and, due to the fact that economic equivalence is determined chronologically based on order of issuance, subsequently issued Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units) will convert to Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units. This adjustment had no impact on the combined total number of Och-Ziff Operating Group A, D and P Units outstanding, which was 417,072,691 as of March 31, 2017.
We also have profit-sharing arrangements whereby certain employees or executive managing directors are entitled to a share of incentive income distributed by certain funds. This incentive income is typically paid to us, and a portion is paid to the participant, as investments held by these funds are realized. We defer the recognition of any portion of this incentive income to the extent it is subject to clawback and relates to a fund that is not consolidated. See “—Incentive Income” above. To the extent that the payments to the employees or executive managing directors are probable and reasonably estimable, we accrue these payments as compensation expense for GAAP purposes, which may occur prior to the recognition of the related incentive income.
In August 2012, we adopted the Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC 2012 Partner Incentive Plan (the “PIP”), under which certain of our executive managing directors at the time of the IPO may be eligible to receive discretionary cash awards and discretionary grants of Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units over a five-year period that commenced in 2013. Each year, an aggregate of up to 2,770,749 Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units may be granted under the PIP to the participating executive managing directors. Aggregate discretionary cash awards for each year under the PIP will be capped at 10% of our incentive income earned during such year, up to a maximum of $39.6 million per year. In addition to awards under the PIP, we may also issue additional performance-related Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units or make discretionary performance cash payments to our executive managing directors.
Interest Expense. Amounts included within interest expense relate primarily to indebtedness outstanding under our Senior Notes, Aircraft Loan, Revolving Credit Facility and CLO Investment Loan (as defined below). See “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Debt Obligations” for a summary of the terms related to these borrowings. We repaid the outstanding balance under our Revolving Credit Facility and our Aircraft Loan in the first quarter of 2017.
General, Administrative and Other. General, administrative and other expenses are comprised of recurring placement and related service fees, occupancy and equipment, professional services, information processing and communications, insurance, business development, and other miscellaneous expenses. In addition, the FCPA settlements expense incurred in 2016 is also included in this line item.
Expenses of Consolidated Och-Ziff Funds. Expenses recorded as expenses of consolidated Och-Ziff funds consist of interest expense and other miscellaneous expenses.
Other Income
Changes in Tax Receivable Agreement Liability. Changes in tax receivable agreement liability primarily consists of changes in our estimate of the future payments related to the tax receivable agreement, described in detail in Note 15.
Net Gains on Investments in Och-Ziff Funds and Joint Ventures. Net gains on investments in Och-Ziff funds and joint ventures primarily consist of net gains and losses on investments in our funds made by us and net gains and losses on investments in joint ventures established to expand certain of our private investments platforms.
Net Gains of Consolidated Och-Ziff Funds. Net gains of consolidated Och-Ziff funds consist of net realized and unrealized gains on investments held by the consolidated Och-Ziff funds.


45



Income Taxes
Income taxes consist of our provision for federal, state and local income taxes in the United States and foreign income taxes, including provisions for deferred income taxes resulting from temporary differences between the tax and GAAP bases. The computation of the provision requires certain estimates and significant judgment, including, but not limited to, the expected taxable income for the year, projections of the proportion of income earned and taxed in foreign jurisdictions, permanent differences between the tax and GAAP bases and the likelihood of being able to fully utilize deferred income tax assets existing as of the end of the period.
The Registrant and the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities are partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Due to our legal structure, only a portion of the income we earn is subject to corporate-level income taxes in the United States and foreign jurisdictions. The amount of incentive income we earn in a given year, the resultant flow of revenues and expenses through our legal entity structure, the effect that changes in our Class A Share price may have on the ultimate deduction we are able to take related to the settlement of RSUs, and any changes in future enacted income tax rates may have a significant impact on our income tax provision and effective income tax rate.
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests represent ownership interests in our subsidiaries held by parties other than us and are primarily made up of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units and fund investors’ interests in the consolidated Och-Ziff funds. Increases or decreases in net income (loss) attributable to the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units are driven by the earnings of the Och-Ziff Operating Group. Increases or decreases in the net income attributable to fund investors’ interests in consolidated Och-Ziff funds are driven by the earnings of those funds as allocated under the contractual terms of the relevant fund agreements.
Our interest in the Och-Ziff Operating Group is expected to continue to increase over time as additional Class A Shares are issued upon the exchange of Och-Ziff Operating Group A and P Units and settlement of RSUs. These increases will be offset upon the conversion of Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units, which are not considered equity for GAAP purposes, into Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units.
Additionally, we consolidate certain of our opportunistic credit funds, wherein investors are able to redeem their interests after an initial lock-up period of up to three years. Allocations of earnings to these interests are reflected within net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Revenues
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(dollars in thousands)
Management fees
$
86,255

 
$
156,910

Incentive income
51,626

 
30,587

Other revenues
776

 
579

Income of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
495

 
366

Total Revenues
$
139,152

 
$
188,442

Total revenues for the quarter-to-date period decreased by $49.3 million, primarily due to the following:
A $70.7 million decrease in management fees, driven primarily by lower assets under management in our multi-strategy funds, as well as lower average management fee rates. See “Assets Under Management and Fund Performance—Weighted-Average Assets Under Management and Average Management Fee Rate” above for information regarding our average management fee rate.


46



A $21.0 million increase in incentive income, primarily due to the following:
Multi-strategy funds. A $12.8 million increase in incentive income from our multi-strategy funds was due to: (i) a $5.9 million increase related to assets subject to a one-year measurement period; (ii) a $3.4 million increase related to longer-term assets under management; (iii) a $2.4 million increase related to tax distributions taken to cover tax liabilities on incentive income that has been accrued on certain longer-term assets under management, but that will not be realized until the end of the relevant commitment period; and (iv) a $1.1 million increase due to crystallization of incentive related to fund investor redemptions.
Opportunistic credit funds. A $9.2 million increase in incentive income from our opportunistic credit funds, primarily due to a $15.0 million increase in incentive income from our open-end opportunistic credit funds, primarily drive by tax distributions. This increase was partially offset by a $5.8 million decrease from our closed-end opportunistic funds, due to a lower amount of realizations as these funds continue to wind down.
These increases were partially offset by:
Real estate funds. A $2.1 million decrease in incentive income from our real estate funds, primarily due to a lower amount of realizations from Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund I as this fund continues to wind down.
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(dollars in thousands)
Compensation and benefits
$
69,943

 
$
54,261

Interest expense
6,280

 
5,386

General, administrative and other
45,928

 
267,669

Expenses of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
84

 
266

Total Expenses
$
122,235

 
$
327,582

Total expenses for the quarter-to-date period decreased by $205.3 million, primarily due to the following:
A $221.7 million decrease in general, administrative and other expenses driven primarily by a $200.0 million decrease in FCPA settlements expense accrued in the first quarter of 2016, which did not reoccur in the first quarter of 2017, as well as reductions across various other categories of operating expenses, including a $10.2 million decrease in professional services, which was driven primarily by lower legal fees.
A $15.7 million increase in compensation and benefits expenses, primarily driven by the following: (i) a $17.7 million increase in bonus expense primarily due to the decision to provide and accrue for minimum discretionary bonuses; and (ii) a $2.5 million increase due to distributions accrued on the Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units in the first quarter of 2017 (no corresponding distributions were declared from the Och-Ziff Operating Group in the first quarter of 2016). These increases were partially offset by a $4.4 million decrease in salaries and benefits expense driven by lower headcount. Our global headcount was 505 as of March 31, 2017, as compared to 638 as of March 31, 2016.
An $894 thousand increase in interest expense primarily due to the drawdown on the Revolving Credit Facility in April 2016 and the CLO Investment Loan financing that we entered into in November 2016.


47



Other Income
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(dollars in thousands)
Changes in tax receivable agreement liability
$

 
$
145

Net gains on investments in Och-Ziff funds and joint ventures
721

 
249

Net gains of consolidated Och-Ziff funds
235

 
545

Total Other Income
$
956

 
$
939

Total other income remained relatively flat period over period.
Income Taxes
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(dollars in thousands)
Income taxes
$
12,056

 
$
18,539

Income tax expense for the quarter-to-date period decreased by $6.5 million, although our GAAP income was higher period over period, our taxable income was lower primarily as a result of the non-deductible $200.0 million FCPA settlements expense incurred in the first quarter of 2016.
Net Income (Loss) Allocated to Noncontrolling Interests
The following table presents the components of the net income (loss) allocated to noncontrolling interests and to redeemable noncontrolling interests:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(dollars in thousands)
Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units
$
9,635

 
$
(88,019
)
Consolidated Och-Ziff funds

 
262

Other
143

 
(88
)
Total
$
9,778

 
$
(87,845
)
 
 
 
 
Redeemable noncontrolling interests
$
350

 
$
461

Net income (loss) allocated to noncontrolling interests increased by $97.6 million, primarily due to the $200.0 million FCPA settlements expense taken in the first quarter of 2016, as well as higher incentive income and lower income taxes year-over-year, partially offset by lower management fees. Also partially offsetting the year-over-year improvement in net loss was higher discretionary cash bonus expense allocable to the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units, which was due to our decision to provide and accrue for a minimum annual discretionary cash bonus.
Net Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(dollars in thousands)
Net Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders
$
(7,164
)
 
$
(69,356
)


48



Net loss attributable to Class A Shareholders for the quarter-to-date period improved by $62.2 million, primarily due to the $200.0 million FCPA settlements expense taken in the first quarter of 2016, as well as higher incentive income and lower income taxes year-over-year, partially offset by lower management fees. Also partially offsetting the year-over-year improvement in net loss was higher bonus expense, which was due to the decision to provide and accrue for minimum discretionary bonuses.
Economic Income Analysis
In addition to analyzing our results on a GAAP basis, management also reviews our results on an “Economic Income” basis. Economic Income excludes the adjustments described below that are required for presentation of our results on a GAAP basis, but that management does not consider when evaluating operating performance in any given period. Management uses Economic Income as the basis on which it evaluates our financial performance and makes resource allocation and other operating decisions. Management considers it important that investors review the same operating information that it uses.
Economic Income is a measure of pre-tax operating performance that excludes the following from our results on a GAAP basis:
Income allocations to our executive managing directors on their direct interests in the Och-Ziff Operating Group. Management reviews operating performance at the Och-Ziff Operating Group level, where our operations are performed, prior to making any income allocations.
Equity-based compensation expenses and depreciation and amortization expenses, as well as any losses on disposal of fixed assets, as management does not consider these non-cash expenses to be reflective of operating performance. However, the fair value of RSUs that are settled in cash to employees or executive managing directors is included as an expense at the time of settlement.
Changes in the tax receivable agreement liability and net gains on investments in Och-Ziff funds, as management does not consider these items to be reflective of operating performance.
Amounts related to the consolidated Och-Ziff funds, including the related eliminations of management fees and incentive income, as management reviews the total amount of management fees and incentive income earned in relation to total assets under management and fund performance.
In addition, expenses related to compensation and profit-sharing arrangements based on fund investment performance are recognized at the end of the relevant commitment period, as management reviews the total compensation expense related to these arrangements in relation to any incentive income earned by the relevant fund.
As a result of the adjustments described above, as well as an adjustment to present management fees net of recurring placement and related service fees (rather than considering these fees an expense), management fees, incentive income, compensation and benefits, non-compensation expenses and net income (loss) allocated to noncontrolling interests as presented on an Economic Income basis are also non-GAAP measures. No adjustments to the GAAP basis have been made for other revenues and net gains (losses) on joint ventures. For reconciliations of our non-GAAP measures to the respective GAAP measures, please see “—Economic Income Reconciliations” at the end of this MD&A.
Our non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered as alternatives to our GAAP net income allocated to Class A Shareholders or cash flow from operations, or as indicative of liquidity or the cash available to fund operations. Our non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.
We currently have two operating segments: the Och-Ziff Funds segment and our real estate business. The Och-Ziff Funds segment, which provides asset management services to our multi-strategy funds, dedicated credit funds and other alternative investment vehicles, is currently our only reportable operating segment under GAAP. Our real estate business, which provides asset management services to our real estate funds, is included within Other Operations as it does not meet the threshold of a reportable operating segment under GAAP.


49



Economic Income Revenues (Non-GAAP)
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
(dollars in thousands)
Economic Income Basis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management fees
$
75,552

 
$
5,259

 
$
80,811

 
$
139,244

 
$
5,135

 
$
144,379

Incentive income
50,422

 
1,204

 
51,626

 
26,953

 
3,634

 
30,587

Other revenues
750

 
26

 
776

 
572

 
7

 
579

Total Economic Income Revenues
$
126,724

 
$
6,489

 
$
133,213

 
$
166,769

 
$
8,776

 
$
175,545

Economic Income revenues for the quarter-to-date period decreased by $42.3 million, primarily due to the following:
A $63.6 million decrease in management fees, driven primarily by lower assets under management in our multi-strategy funds, as well as lower average management fee rates. See “Assets Under Management and Fund Performance—Weighted-Average Assets Under Management and Average Management Fee Rate” above for information regarding our average management fee rate.
A $21.0 million increase in incentive income, primarily due to the following:
Multi-strategy funds. A $12.8 million increase in incentive income from our multi-strategy funds was due to: (i) a $5.9 million increase related to assets subject to a one-year measurement period; (ii) a $3.4 million increase related to longer-term assets under management; (iii) a $2.4 million increase related to tax distributions taken to cover tax liabilities on incentive income that has been accrued on certain longer-term assets under management, but that will not be realized until the end of the relevant commitment period; and (iv) a $1.1 million increase due to crystallization of incentive related to fund investor redemptions.
Opportunistic credit funds. A $9.2 million increase in incentive income from our opportunistic credit funds, primarily due to a $15.0 million increase in incentive income from our open-end opportunistic credit funds, primarily drive by tax distributions. This increase was partially offset by a $5.8 million decrease from our closed-end opportunistic funds, due to a lower amount of realizations as these funds continue to wind down.
Real estate funds. A $2.1 million decrease in incentive income from our real estate funds, primarily due to a lower amount of realizations from Och-Ziff Real Estate Fund I as this fund continues to wind down.
Economic Income Expenses (Non-GAAP)
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
(dollars in thousands)
Economic Income Basis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation and benefits
$
41,365

 
$
4,899

 
$
46,264

 
$
31,059

 
$
2,697

 
$
33,756

Non-compensation expenses
41,913

 
638

 
42,551

 
255,651

 
1,469

 
257,120

Total Economic Income Expenses
$
83,278

 
$
5,537

 
$
88,815

 
$
286,710

 
$
4,166

 
$
290,876

Economic Income expenses for the quarter-to-date period decreased by $202.1 million, primarily due to the following:
A $214.6 million decrease in non-compensation expenses driven primarily by a $200.0 million decrease in FCPA settlements expense accrued in the first quarter of 2016, which did not reoccur in the first quarter of 2017, as well as reductions across various other categories of operating expenses, including a $10.2 million decrease in professional services, which was driven primarily by lower legal fees.


50



A $12.5 million increase in compensation and benefit expenses primarily driven by a $16.9 million increase in bonus expense due to the decision to provide and accrue for minimum discretionary bonuses, discussed above, partially offset by a $4.4 million decrease in salaries and benefits expense driven by lower headcount.
Economic Income (Non-GAAP)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(dollars in thousands)
Economic Income:
 
 
 
Och-Ziff Funds segment
$
43,446

 
$
(119,939
)
Other Operations
952

 
4,610

Total Company
$
44,398

 
$
(115,329
)
Economic Income for the quarter-to-date period increased by $159.7 million, primarily due to the $200.0 million FCPA settlements expense taken in the first quarter of 2016, as well as higher incentive income. These improvements were partially offset by lower management fees, as well as higher bonus expense due to our decision to provide a minimum annual discretionary cash bonus. As a result of this decision, we will accrue the minimum annual discretionary cash bonus on a straight-line basis during the year.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
In September 2016, we entered into the Purchase Agreement with the EMD Purchasers, including Daniel S. Och, to issue up to $400.0 million of Preferred Units. Pursuant to the agreement, in October 2016, we completed a $250.0 million issuance and sale of Preferred Units to the EMD Purchasers and completed an additional $150.0 million issuance and sale of Preferred Units to EMD Purchasers in January 2017. We used the proceeds from the Preferred Units issued in October 2016, as well as cash on hand, to pay the $412.1 million in penalties and disgorgement related to the settlements with the SEC and the DOJ discussed above. We used the proceeds from the second sale of the Preferred Units in January 2017 to pay the outstanding balance under our Revolving Credit Facility. See Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for details regarding the terms of the Preferred Units.
The working capital needs of our business have historically been met, and we anticipate will continue to be met, through cash generated from management fees and incentive income earned by the Och-Ziff Operating Group from our funds, as well as other sources of liquidity noted above and below.
Over the next 12 months, we expect that our primary liquidity needs will be to:
Pay our operating expenses, primarily consisting of compensation and benefits, as well as any related tax withholding obligations, and non-compensation expenses.
Pay interest on our debt obligations.
Provide capital to facilitate the growth of our business.
Pay income taxes.
Make cash distributions in accordance with our distribution policy as discussed below under “—Dividends and Distributions.”
Historically, management fees have been sufficient to cover all of our “fixed” operating expenses, which we define as salaries, benefits and a minimum discretionary bonus and our non-compensation costs incurred in the ordinary course of business. We recently reduced our management fee rates for existing investors in virtually all of our multi-strategy assets under management. And while we are making every effort to scale our operations so that management fees are sufficient to cover our fixed operating expenses, no assurances can be given that our management fees ultimately will be sufficient for these purposes.


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We cannot predict the amount of incentive income, if any, which we may earn in any given year. Accordingly, we historically have not relied on incentive income to meet our fixed operating expenses. Total annual revenues, which are heavily influenced by the amount of annual incentive income we earn, historically have been sufficient to fund all of our other working capital needs, including annual discretionary cash bonuses. These cash bonuses, which historically have comprised our largest cash operating expense, are variable such that in any year where total annual revenues are greater or less than the prior year, cash bonuses may be adjusted accordingly. Our ability to scale our largest cash operating expense to our total annual revenues helps us manage our cash flow and liquidity position from year to year.
Executive managing directors participating in the PIP may be eligible to receive discretionary annual cash awards each year for a five-year period that commenced in 2013, if we earn incentive income in the relevant year. The maximum aggregate amount of cash that may be awarded for each year under the PIP to the participating executive managing directors, collectively, will be capped at 10% of our incentive income earned during that year, up to a maximum aggregate amount of $39.6 million per year. Whether any cash is awarded under the PIP in a particular year, and the amount of such awards, will be determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board in its sole discretion, based on recommendations from Mr. Och for that year.
Based on our past results, management’s experience and our current level of assets under management, we believe that our existing cash resources, together with the cash generated from management fees, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated fixed operating expenses and other working capital needs for at least the next 12 months.
Historically, we have determined the amount of discretionary cash bonuses, including discretionary annual cash awards under the PIP described above, during the fourth quarter of each year, based on our total annual revenues. We have historically funded these amounts through fourth quarter management fees and incentive income crystallized on December 31, which represents the majority of the incentive income we typically earn each year. Starting in the first quarter of 2017, we began to accrue a minimum amount of discretionary cash bonuses on a pro rata basis throughout the year. To the extent our funds generate incentive income in the fourth quarter, we may elect to increase the amount of cash bonuses paid to employees over the amount already accrued, with any incremental amounts recognized as expense in the fourth quarter. Although we cannot predict the amount, if any, of incentive income we may earn, we are able to regularly monitor expected management fees and we believe that we will be able to adjust our expense infrastructure, including discretionary cash bonuses, as needed to meet the requirements of our business and in order to maintain positive operating cash flows. Nevertheless, if we generate insufficient cash flows from operations to meet our short-term liquidity needs, we may have to borrow funds or sell assets, subject to existing contractual arrangements.
We may use cash on hand to repay all or a portion of our outstanding indebtedness prior to their respective maturity dates, which would reduce amounts available to distribute to our Class A Shareholders. For any amounts unpaid as of a maturity date, we will be required to repay the remaining balance by using cash on hand, refinancing the remaining balance by issuing new notes or entering into new credit facilities, which could result in higher borrowing costs, or by issuing equity or other securities, which would dilute existing shareholders. No assurance can be given that we will be able to issue new notes, enter into new credit facilities or issue equity or other securities in the future on attractive terms or at all. Any new notes or new credit facilities that we may be able to issue or enter into may have covenants that impose additional limitations on us, including with respect to making distributions, entering into business transactions or other matters, and may result in increased interest expense. If we are unable to meet our debt obligations on terms that are favorable to us, our business may be adversely impacted. See “—Debt Obligations” for more information.
For our other longer-term liquidity requirements, we expect to continue to fund our fixed operating expenses through management fees and to fund discretionary cash bonuses and the repayment of our debt obligations through a combination of management fees and incentive income. We may also decide to meet these requirements by borrowing funds under our Revolving Credit Facility or by issuing additional debt, equity or other securities.
Over the long term, we believe we will be able to grow our assets under management and generate positive investment performance in our funds, which we expect will allow us to grow our management fees and incentive income in amounts sufficient to cover our long-term liquidity requirements.


52



To maintain maximum flexibility to meet demands and opportunities both in the short and long term, and subject to existing contractual arrangements, we may want to retain cash, issue additional equity or borrow additional funds to:
Support the future growth in our business.
Create new or enhance existing products and investment platforms.
Repay borrowings.
Pursue new investment opportunities.
Develop new distribution channels.
Cover potential costs incurred in connection with the legal and regulatory matters described in the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Market conditions and other factors may make it more difficult or costly to raise or borrow additional funds. Excessive costs or other significant market barriers may limit or prevent us from maximizing our growth potential and flexibility.
Debt Obligations
Senior Notes
On November 20, 2014, we issued $400.0 million of 4.50% Senior Notes due November 20, 2019, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. Please see Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for additional details on the Senior Notes.
Revolving Credit Facility
On November 20, 2014, we entered into the $150.0 million, five-year unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, which was subsequently amended on December 29, 2015, the proceeds of which may be used for working capital, general corporate purposes or other liquidity needs. The facility matures on November 20, 2019. In March 2017, we repaid our outstanding obligation under the Revolving Credit Facility, and as a result we currently have $150.0 million available to us under the facility as of March 31, 2017. Please see Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for additional details on the Revolving Credit Facility.
Aircraft Loan
In February  2014, we entered into the Aircraft Loan to finance installment payments towards the purchase of a corporate aircraft. In March 2017, we sold the aircraft and repaid the outstanding balance of the loan in the amount of $46.4 million.
CLO Investment Loan
In November 2016, we entered into a $16.0 million loan to finance 75% of our investment into a CLO we manage (the “CLO Investment Loan”). We will make interest and principal payments on the CLO Investment Loan at such time interest and principal payments are received on our investment in the CLO. Any remaining unpaid principal is due on December 15, 2023. Please see Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for additional details on the CLO Investment Loan.
Tax Receivable Agreement
We have made, and may in the future be required to make, payments under the tax receivable agreement that we entered into with our executive managing directors and the Ziffs. The purchase by the Och-Ziff Operating Group of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units from our executive managing directors and the Ziffs with proceeds from the IPO and concurrent private Class A Share offering in 2007 (collectively, the “2007 Offerings”), and subsequent taxable exchanges by them of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units for our Class A Shares on a one-for-one basis (or, at our option, a cash equivalent), resulted, and, in the case of


53



future exchanges, are anticipated to result, in an increase in the tax basis of the assets of the Och-Ziff Operating Group that would not otherwise have been available. We anticipate that any such tax basis adjustment resulting from an exchange will be allocated principally to certain intangible assets of the Och-Ziff Operating Group, and we will derive our tax benefits principally through amortization of these intangibles over a 15-year period from the date of the 2007 Offerings or the date of any subsequent exchange. Consequently, these tax basis adjustments will increase, for tax purposes, our depreciation and amortization expenses and will therefore reduce the amount of tax that Och-Ziff Corp and any other corporate taxpaying entities that hold Och-Ziff Operating Group B Units in connection with an exchange, if any, would otherwise be required to pay in the future. Accordingly, pursuant to the tax receivable agreement, such corporate taxpaying entities (including Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC if it is treated as a corporate taxpayer) have agreed to pay our executive managing directors and the Ziffs 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in federal, state and local income taxes in the United States that these entities actually realize related to their units as a result of such increases in tax basis.
In connection with the departure of certain former executive managing directors since the IPO, the right to receive payments under the tax receivable agreement by those former executive managing directors was contributed to the Och-Ziff Operating Group. As a result, we expect to pay to the other executive managing directors and the Ziffs approximately 78% (from 85% at the time of the IPO) of the amount of cash savings, if any, in federal, state and local income taxes in the United States that we actually realize as a result of such increases in tax basis. To the extent that we do not realize any cash savings, we would not be required to make corresponding payments under the tax receivable agreement.
Payments under the tax receivable agreement are anticipated to increase the tax basis adjustment of intangible assets resulting from a prior exchange, with such increase being amortized over the remainder of the amortization period applicable to the original basis adjustment of such intangible assets resulting from such prior exchange. It is anticipated that this will result in increasing annual amortization deductions in the taxable years of and after such increases to the original basis adjustments, and potentially will give rise to increasing tax savings with respect to such years and correspondingly increasing payments under the tax receivable agreement.
As of March 31, 2017, assuming no material changes in the relevant tax law and that we generate sufficient taxable income to realize the full tax benefit of the increased amortization resulting from the increase in tax basis of our assets, we expect to pay our executive managing directors and the Ziffs approximately $520.8 million as a result of the cash savings to our intermediate holding companies from the purchase of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units from our executive managing directors and the Ziffs with proceeds from the 2007 Offerings and the exchange of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units for Class A Shares. Future cash savings and related payments to our executive managing directors under the tax receivable agreement in respect of subsequent exchanges would be in addition to these amounts. The obligation to make payments under the tax receivable agreement is an obligation of Och-Ziff Corp, and any other corporate taxpaying entities that hold Och-Ziff Operating Group B Units, and not of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities. We may need to incur debt to finance payments under the tax receivable agreement to the extent the entities within the Och-Ziff Operating Group do not distribute cash to our intermediate corporate tax paying entities in an amount sufficient to meet our obligations under the tax receivable agreement.
The actual increase in tax basis of the Och-Ziff Operating Group assets resulting from an exchange or from payments under the tax receivable agreement, as well as the amortization thereof and the timing and amount of payments under the tax receivable agreement, will vary based upon a number of factors, including the following:
The amount and timing of the income of Och-Ziff Corp will impact the payments to be made under the tax receivable agreement. To the extent that Och-Ziff Corp does not have sufficient taxable income to utilize the amortization deductions available as a result of the increased tax basis in the Och-Ziff Operating Group assets, payments required under the tax receivable agreement would be reduced.
The price of our Class A Shares at the time of any exchange will determine the actual increase in tax basis of the Och-Ziff Operating Group assets resulting from such exchange; payments under the tax receivable agreement resulting from future exchanges, if any, will be dependent in part upon such actual increase in tax basis.
The composition of the Och-Ziff Operating Group’s assets at the time of any exchange will determine the extent to which Och-Ziff Corp may benefit from amortizing its increased tax basis in such assets and thus will impact the amount of future payments under the tax receivable agreement resulting from any future exchanges.


54



The extent to which future exchanges are taxable will impact the extent to which Och-Ziff Corp will receive an increase in tax basis of the Och-Ziff Operating Group assets as a result of such exchanges, and thus will impact the benefit derived by Och-Ziff Corp and the resulting payments, if any, to be made under the tax receivable agreement.
The tax rates in effect at the time any potential tax savings are realized, which would affect the amount of any future payments under the tax receivable agreement.
Depending upon the outcome of these factors, payments that we may be obligated to make to our executive managing directors and the Ziffs under the tax receivable agreement in respect of exchanges could be substantial. In light of the numerous factors affecting our obligation to make payments under the tax receivable agreement, the timing and amounts of any such actual payments are not reasonably ascertainable.
Dividends and Distributions
The table below presents the cash dividends paid on our Class A Shares in 2017, and the related cash distributions to our executive managing directors on their Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units and Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units.
 
 
Class A Shares
 
 
Payment Date
 
Record Date
 
Dividend
per Share
 
Related Distributions
to Executive Managing
Directors
(dollars in thousands)
March 6, 2017
 
February 27, 2017
 
$
0.01

 
$
3,228

We intend to distribute to our Class A Shareholders substantially all of their pro rata share of our annual Economic Income (as described above under “—Economic Income Analysis”) in excess of amounts determined by us to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of our business, to pay income taxes, to pay any amounts owed under the tax receivable agreement, to make appropriate investments in our business and our funds, to make payments on any of our other obligations, to fund the repurchase of Class A Shares or interests in the Och-Ziff Operating Group, as well as to fund distributions on the Preferred Units starting in 2020. Subject to certain exceptions, unless distributions on the Preferred Units are declared and paid in cash for the then current distribution period and all preceding periods after the initial closing of the Preferred Units, the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities may not declare or pay distributions on or repurchase any of their equity securities that rank equal with or junior to the Preferred Units. See Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for additional information regarding the terms of the Preferred Units.
When we pay dividends on our Class A Shares, we also intend to make distributions to our executive managing directors on their interests in the Och-Ziff Operating Group, subject to the terms of the limited partnership agreements of the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities.
The declaration and payment of future distributions will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors, which may change our distribution policy or reduce or eliminate our distributions at any time in its discretion. Our Board of Directors will take into account such factors as it may deem relevant, including general economic and business conditions; our strategic plans and prospects; our business and investment opportunities; our financial condition and operating results; working capital requirements and anticipated cash needs; contractual restrictions and obligations, including payment obligations pursuant to the tax receivable agreement and restrictions pursuant to our term loan; legal, tax and regulatory restrictions; other restrictions and limitations on the payment of distributions by us to our Class A Shareholders or by our subsidiaries to us; and such other factors as our Board of Directors may deem relevant.
The declaration and payment of any distribution may be subject to legal, contractual or other restrictions. For example, as a Delaware limited liability company, Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC is not permitted to make distributions if and to the extent that after giving effect to such distributions, its liabilities would exceed the fair value of its assets. Our cash needs and payment obligations may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter, and we may have material unexpected expenses in any period. This may cause amounts available for distribution to significantly fluctuate from quarter to quarter or may reduce or eliminate such amounts.


55



Additionally, RSUs outstanding accrue dividend equivalents equal to the dividend amounts paid on our Class A Shares. To date, these dividend equivalents have been awarded in the form of additional RSUs, which accrue additional dividend equivalents. The dividend equivalents will only be paid if the related RSUs vest and will be settled at the same time as the underlying RSUs. Our Board of Directors has the right to determine whether the RSUs and any related dividend equivalents will be settled in Class A Shares or in cash. We currently withhold shares to satisfy the tax withholding obligations related to vested RSUs and dividend equivalents held by our employees, which results in the use of cash from operations or borrowings to satisfy these tax-withholding payments.
In accordance with the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities’ limited partnership agreements, we may cause the applicable Och-Ziff Operating Group entities to distribute cash to the intermediate holding companies and our executive managing directors in an amount at least equal to the presumed maximum tax liabilities arising from their direct ownership in these entities. The presumed maximum tax liabilities are based upon the presumed maximum income allocable to any such unit holder at the maximum combined U.S. federal, New York State and New York City tax rates. Holders of our Class A Shares may not always receive distributions at a time when our intermediate holding companies and our executive managing directors are receiving distributions on their interests, as distributions to our intermediate holding companies may be used to settle tax liabilities, if any, or other obligations. Such tax distributions will take into account the disproportionate income allocation (but not a disproportionate cash allocation) to the unit holders with respect to “built-in gain assets,” if any, at the time of the IPO. Consequently, Och-Ziff Operating Group tax distributions may be greater than if such assets had a tax basis equal to their value at the time of the IPO.
Our cash distribution policy has certain risks and limitations, particularly with respect to our liquidity. Although we expect to pay distributions according to our policy, we may not make distributions according to our policy, or at all, if, among other things, we do not have the cash necessary to pay the distribution. Moreover, if the Och-Ziff Operating Group’s cash flows from operations are insufficient to enable it to make required minimum tax distributions discussed above, the Och-Ziff Operating Group may have to borrow funds or sell assets, and thus our liquidity and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. Furthermore, by paying cash distributions rather than investing that cash in our businesses, we might risk slowing the pace of our growth, or not having a sufficient amount of cash to fund our obligations, operations, new investments or unanticipated capital expenditures, should the need arise. In such event, we may not be able to execute our business and growth strategy to the extent intended.
Our Funds’ Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our funds have access to liquidity from our prime brokers and other counterparties. Additionally, our funds may have committed facilities in addition to regular financing from our counterparties. These sources of liquidity provide our funds with additional financing resources, allowing them to take advantage of opportunities in the global marketplace.
Our funds’ current liquidity position could be adversely impacted by any substantial, unanticipated investor redemptions from our funds that are made within a short time period. As discussed above in “—Assets Under Management and Fund Performance,” capital contributions from investors in our multi-strategy and open-end opportunistic credit funds generally are subject to initial lock-up periods of one to three years. Following the expiration of these lock-up periods, subject to certain limitations, investors may redeem capital generally on a quarterly or annual basis upon giving 30 to 90 days’ prior written notice. These lock-ups and redemption notice periods help us to manage our liquidity position. However, upon the payment of a redemption fee to the applicable fund and upon giving 30 days’ prior written notice, certain investors may redeem capital during the lock-up period. Investors in our other funds are generally not allowed to redeem until the end of the life of the fund.
We also follow a rigorous risk management process and regularly monitor the liquidity of our funds’ portfolios in relation to economic and market factors and the timing of potential investor redemptions. As a result of this process, we may determine to reduce exposure or increase the liquidity of our funds’ portfolios at any time, whether in response to global economic and market conditions, redemption requests or otherwise. For these reasons, we believe we will be well prepared to address market conditions and redemption requests, as well as any other events, with limited impact on our funds’ liquidity position. Nevertheless, significant redemptions made during a single quarter could adversely affect our funds’ liquidity position, as we may meet redemptions by using our funds’ available cash or selling assets (possibly at a loss). Such actions would result in lower assets under management, which would reduce the amount of management fees and incentive income we may earn. Our


56



funds could also meet redemption requests by increasing leverage, provided we are able to obtain financing on reasonable terms, if at all. We believe our funds have sufficient liquidity to meet any anticipated redemptions for the foreseeable future.
Cash Flows Analysis
Operating Activities. Net cash from operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $(7.7) million and $(7.6) million, respectively. Our net cash flows from operating activities are generally comprised of current-year management fees, the collection of incentive income earned during the fourth quarter of the previous year, less cash used for operating expenses.

The net cash outflow from operating activities remained relatively flat period over period.
Investing Activities. Net cash from investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $53.6 million and $(13.8) million, respectively. Investing cash flows in the first quarter of 2017 primarily related to the sale of one of our corporate aircraft. Investing cash flows in the first quarter of 2016 primarily related to the purchases and maturities of U.S. government obligations to manage excess liquidity.
Financing Activities. Net cash from financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $(23.8) million and $(4.0) million, respectively. Our net cash from financing activities is generally comprised of proceeds from Preferred Units offerings, dividends paid to our Class A Shareholders and borrowings and repayments related to our debt obligations. Contributions from noncontrolling interests, which relate to fund investor contributions into the consolidated funds, and distributions to noncontrolling interests, which relate to fund investor redemptions and distributions to our executive managing directors on their Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units, are also included in net cash from financing activities.
In March 2017, we repaid $120.0 million outstanding on our Revolving Credit Facility using proceeds from the second offering of Preferred Units and $46.4 million outstanding on our Aircraft Loan using proceeds from the sale of one of our corporate aircraft. We also paid dividends of $1.8 million to our Class A Shareholders and $3.0 million of distributions to our executive managing directors on their Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units in the first quarter of 2017. We did not make dividend or distribution payments in 2016.
Contractual Obligations
During the first quarter of 2017, we repaid the $120.0 million outstanding on our Revolving Credit Facility and $46.4 million outstanding on our Aircraft Loan. Other than these items, our contractual obligations have not changed significantly from what was reported in our Annual Report.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
In the normal course of business, we enter into various off-balance sheet arrangements including sponsoring and owning general partner interests in our funds and retained interests in a CLO we manage. We also have ongoing capital commitment arrangements with certain of our funds. None of our off-balance sheet arrangements require us to fund losses or guarantee target returns to investors in any of our other investment funds. See Notes 5 and 6 of our consolidated financial statements included in this report for information on our retained and variable interests in our funds and CLO.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Critical accounting policies are those that require us to make significant judgments, estimates or assumptions that affect amounts reported in our financial statements or the notes thereto. We base our judgments, estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable and prudent. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for a description of our accounting policies. Set forth below is a summary of what we believe to be our most critical accounting policies and estimates.


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Fair Value of Investments
The valuation of investments held by our funds is the most critical estimate made by management impacting our results. Pursuant to specialized accounting for investment companies under GAAP, investments held by the Och-Ziff funds are carried at their estimated fair values. The valuation of investments held by our funds has a significant impact on our results, as our management fees and incentive income are generally determined based on the fair value of these investments.
GAAP prioritizes the level of market price observability used in measuring assets and liabilities at fair value. Market price observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of assets and liabilities and the specific characteristics of the assets and liabilities. Assets and liabilities with readily available, actively quoted prices (Level I) or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices (Level II) generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value than those measured using pricing inputs that are unobservable in the market (Level III). See Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for additional information regarding fair value measurements.
As of March 31, 2017, the absolute values of our funds’ invested assets and liabilities (excluding the notes and loans payable of our CLOs) were classified within the fair value hierarchy as follows: approximately 46% within Level I; approximately 32% within Level II; and approximately 22% within Level III. As of December 31, 2016, the absolute values of our funds’ invested assets and liabilities (excluding the notes and loans payable of our CLOs) were classified within the fair value hierarchy as follows: approximately 46% within Level I; approximately 32% within Level II; and approximately 22% within Level III. The percentage of our funds’ assets and liabilities within the fair value hierarchy will fluctuate based on the investments made at any given time and such fluctuations could be significant. A portion of our funds’ Level III assets relate to Special Investments or other investments on which we do not earn any incentive income until such investments are sold or otherwise realized. Upon the sale or realization event of these assets, any realized profits are included in the calculation of incentive income for such year. Accordingly, the estimated fair value of our funds’ Level III assets may not have any relation to the amount of incentive income actually earned with respect to such assets.
Valuation of Investments. Fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. The fair value of our funds’ investments is based on observable market prices when available. Such values are generally based on the last sales price. We, as the investment manager of the Och-Ziff funds, determine the fair value of investments that are not actively traded on a recognized securities exchange or otherwise lack a readily ascertainable market value. The methods and procedures to value these investments may include, but are not limited to: (i) performing comparisons with prices of comparable or similar securities; (ii) obtaining valuation-related information from the issuers; (iii) calculating the present value of future cash flows; (iv) assessing other analytical data and information relating to the investment that is an indication of value; (v) obtaining information provided by third parties; and (vi) evaluating financial information provided by the management of these investments. See Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for additional information.
Significant judgment and estimation goes into the assumptions that drive our valuation methodologies and procedures for assets that are not actively traded on a recognized securities exchange or otherwise lack a readily ascertainable market value. The actual amounts ultimately realized could differ materially from the values estimated based on the use of these methodologies. Realizations at values significantly lower than the values at which investments have been reflected could result in losses at the fund level and a decline in future management fees and incentive income. Such situations may also negatively impact fund investor perception of our valuation policies and procedures, which could result in redemptions and difficulties in raising additional capital.
We have established an internal control infrastructure over the valuation of financial instruments that includes ongoing oversight by our Financial Controls Group and Valuation Committee, as well as periodic audits by our Internal Audit Group. These management control functions are segregated from the trading and investing functions. See Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for additional information regarding our valuation procedures and related oversight and controls.
Impact of Fair Value Measurement on Our Results. A 10% change in the estimate of fair value of the investments held by our funds would generally have a 10% change in management fees in the period subsequent to the change in fair value, as


58



management fees are charged based on the assets under management at the beginning of the period. For our real estate funds and certain other funds, there would be no impact as management fees are generally charged based on committed capital during the original investment period and invested capital thereafter. The impact of a 10% change in unrealized gains and losses of the investments held by our funds would generally have an immediate 10% impact on the amount of profit on which we earn our 20% incentive income if the change continues at the end of the commitment period, and assuming no hurdle rates and no high-water marks from any prior-year losses. For certain opportunistic credit, real estate and certain other funds, there would be no impact, as incentive income is recognized based on realized profits and when no longer subject to clawback.
For additional information regarding the impact that the fair value measurement of assets under management has on our results, please see “Part I—Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”
Variable Interest Entities
The determination of whether or not to consolidate a variable interest entity under GAAP requires a significant amount of judgment concerning the degree of control over an entity by its holders of variable interests. To make these judgments, management has conducted an analysis, on a case-by-case basis, of whether we are the primary beneficiary and are therefore required to consolidate the entity. Management continually reconsiders whether we should consolidate a variable interest entity. Upon the occurrence of certain events, such as investor redemptions or modifications to fund organizational documents and investment management agreements, management will reconsider its conclusion regarding the status of an entity as a variable interest entity.
Income Taxes
We use the asset and liability method of accounting for deferred income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is established when management believes it is more likely than not that a deferred income tax asset will not be realized.
Substantially all of our deferred income tax assets relate to the goodwill and other intangible assets deductible for tax purposes by Och-Ziff Corp that arose in connection with the purchase of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units from our executive managing directors and the Ziffs with proceeds from the 2007 Offerings, subsequent exchanges of Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units for Class A Shares and subsequent payments to our executive managing directors and the Ziffs made under the tax receivable agreement, in addition to any related net operating loss carryforward. In accordance with relevant provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, we expect to take these goodwill and other intangible deductions over the 15-year period following the 2007 Offerings, as well as an additional 20-year loss carryforward period available to us in any year a net operating loss is generated as a result. Our analysis of whether we expect to have sufficient future taxable income to realize these deductions is based solely on estimates over this period.
Och-Ziff Corp generated taxable income of $17.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, before taking into account deductions related to the amortization of the goodwill and other intangible assets. We determined that we would need to generate taxable income of at least $1.7 billion over the remaining seven-year weighted-average amortization period, as well as an additional 20-year loss carryforward period available to us if a net operating loss is generated, in order to fully realize the deferred income tax assets. Using the estimates and assumptions discussed below, we expect to generate sufficient taxable income over the remaining amortization and loss carryforward periods available to us in order to fully realize these deferred income tax assets.
To generate $1.7 billion in taxable income over the remaining amortization and loss carryforward periods available to us, we estimated that, based on estimated assets under management of $31.9 billion as of April 1, 2017, we would need to generate a minimum compound annual growth rate in assets under management of less than 1%, assuming no performance-related growth, and therefore no incentive income. The assumed nature and amount of this estimated growth rate are not based on historical results or current expectations of future growth; however, the other assumptions underlying the taxable income estimate, such as general maintenance of current expense ratios and cost allocation percentages among the Och-Ziff Operating Group entities, which impact the amount of taxable income flowing through our legal structure, are based on our near-term operating budget. If our actual growth rate in assets under management falls below this minimum threshold for any extended time during the period


59



for which these estimates relate and we do not otherwise experience offsetting growth rates in other periods, we may not generate taxable income sufficient to realize the deferred income tax assets and may need to record a valuation allowance.
Management regularly reviews the model used to generate the estimates, including the underlying assumptions. If it determines that a valuation allowance is required for any reason, the amount would be determined based on the relevant circumstances at that time. To the extent we record a valuation allowance against our deferred income tax assets related to the goodwill and other intangible assets, we would record a corresponding decrease in the liability to our executive managing directors and the Ziffs under the tax receivable agreement equal to approximately 78% of such amount; therefore, our net income allocated to Class A Shareholders would only be impacted by 22% of any valuation allowance recorded against the deferred income tax assets.
Actual taxable income may differ from the estimate described above, which was prepared solely for determining whether we currently expect to have sufficient future taxable income to realize the deferred income tax assets. Furthermore, actual or estimated future taxable income may be materially impacted by significant changes in assets under management, whether as a result of fund investment performance or fund investor contributions or redemptions, significant changes to the assumptions underlying our estimates, future changes in income tax law, state income tax apportionment or other factors.
As of March 31, 2017, we had $224.9 million of net operating losses available to offset future taxable income for federal income tax purposes that will expire between 2030 and 2037, and $103.7 million of net operating losses available to offset future taxable income for state income tax purposes and $96.1 million for local income tax purposes that will expire between 2035 and 2036. Based on the analysis set forth above, as of March 31, 2017, we have determined that it is not necessary to record a valuation allowance with respect to our deferred income tax assets related to the goodwill and other intangible assets deductible for tax purposes, and any related net operating loss carryforward. However, we have determined that we may not realize certain foreign income tax credits and certain foreign net operating losses. Accordingly, a valuation allowance of $14.3 million has been established for these items.
Impact of Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements on Recent and Future Trends
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) has issued various Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) that could impact our future trends. For additional details regarding these ASUs, including methods of adoption (e.g., full retrospective or modified retrospective), see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for additional information.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. ASU 2016-09. The requirements of ASU 2016-09 were effective for us beginning in the first quarter of 2017. As a result of adopting ASU 2016-09 we elected not to estimate forfeiture rates when calculating its equity-based compensation expense and will account for forfeitures as they occur. Additionally, we no longer maintain and track our APIC pool account, and recognize all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expenses or benefits in the statement of operations. This guidance was adopted on prospective basis and does not have a material impact on our recent and future trends.
None of the other changes to GAAP that went into effect during the three months ended March 31, 2017 are expected to impact our future trends.
Expected Impact of Future Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements on Future Trends
Listed below are ASUs that have been issued but that we have not yet adopted that may impact our future trends. For additional details regarding these ASUs, including methods of adoption (e.g., full retrospective or modified retrospective), see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report.
ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC 605—Revenue Recognition and most industry-specific revenue recognition guidance throughout the ASC. The requirements of ASU 2014-09 are effective for us beginning in the first quarter of 2018. We are still in the process of evaluating the effect that ASU 2014-09 may have on our revenue trends. We expect to adopt ASU 2014-09 using a modified retrospective application approach.


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ASU 2016-02, Leases.  ASU 2016-02 significantly changes accounting for lease arrangements, in particular from the perspective of the lessee. Upon adoption of the ASU, where we are the lessee, we will likely be required to recognize certain lease arrangements on our balance sheet for the first time, but will continue to recognize associated expenses on our statement of comprehensive income in a manner similar to existing accounting principles. The requirements of ASU 2016-02 are effective for us beginning in the first quarter of 2019. We have determined that most of our operating leases will be reported on our consolidated balance sheet at their present value. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-02 to have a material effect on our future expense trends. See Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for details related to our existing operating lease obligations as of March 31, 2017.
None of the other changes to GAAP that have been issued but that we have not yet adopted are expected to impact our future trends.
Economic Income Reconciliations
The tables below present the reconciliations of Economic Income and its components to the respective GAAP measures for the periods presented in this MD&A.
Economic Income
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders—GAAP
$
(5,480
)
 
$
(1,684
)
 
$
(7,164
)
Change in redemption value of Preferred Units
2,853

 

 
2,853

Net Loss Allocated to Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC—GAAP
(2,627
)
 
(1,684
)
 
(4,311
)
Net income allocated to the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units
9,635

 

 
9,635

Equity-based compensation
17,698

 
780

 
18,478

Income taxes
12,052

 
4

 
12,056

Allocations to Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units
3,310

 
50

 
3,360

Adjustment for expenses related to compensation and profit-sharing arrangements based on fund investment performance

 
1,979

 
1,979

Changes in tax receivable agreement liability

 

 

Depreciation and amortization and loss on disposal of fixed assets
4,212

 

 
4,212

Other adjustments
(834
)
 
(177
)
 
(1,011
)
Economic Income—Non-GAAP
$
43,446

 
$
952

 
$
44,398




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Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
(Loss) Income Attributable to Class A Shareholders—GAAP
$
(71,722
)
 
$
2,366

 
$
(69,356
)
Change in redemption value of Preferred Units

 

 

Net (Loss) Income Allocated to Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC—GAAP
(71,722
)
 
2,366

 
(69,356
)
Net (loss) allocated to the Och-Ziff Operating Group A Units
(88,019
)
 

 
(88,019
)
Equity-based compensation, net of RSUs settled in cash
17,968

 
574

 
18,542

Income taxes
18,539

 

 
18,539

Adjustment for incentive income allocations from consolidated funds subject to clawback

 

 

Allocations to Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units
875

 

 
875

Adjustment for expenses related to compensation and profit-sharing arrangements based on fund investment performance

 
1,264

 
1,264

Changes in tax receivable agreement liability
(145
)
 

 
(145
)
Depreciation and amortization and loss on disposal of fixed assets
3,215

 
187

 
3,402

Other adjustments
(650
)
 
219

 
(431
)
Economic Income—Non-GAAP
$
(119,939
)
 
$
4,610

 
$
(115,329
)
Economic Income Revenues
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Management fees—GAAP
$
80,996

 
$
5,259

 
$
86,255

 
$
151,775

 
$
5,135

 
$
156,910

Adjustment to management fees(1)
(5,444
)
 

 
(5,444
)
 
(12,531
)
 

 
(12,531
)
Management Fees—Economic Income Basis—Non-GAAP
75,552

 
5,259

 
80,811

 
139,244

 
5,135

 
144,379

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Incentive income—GAAP
50,422

 
1,204

 
51,626

 
26,953

 
3,634

 
30,587

Adjustment to incentive income(2)

 

 

 

 

 

Incentive Income—Economic Income Basis—Non-GAAP
50,422

 
1,204

 
51,626

 
26,953

 
3,634

 
30,587

Other revenues
750

 
26

 
776

 
572

 
7

 
579

Total Revenues—Economic Income Basis—Non-GAAP
$
126,724

 
$
6,489

 
$
133,213

 
$
166,769

 
$
8,776

 
$
175,545

_______________
(1)
Adjustment to present management fees net of recurring placement and related service fees, as management considers these fees a reduction in management fees, not an expense. The impact of eliminations related to the consolidated Och-Ziff funds is also removed.
(2)
Adjustment to exclude the impact of eliminations related to the consolidated Och-Ziff funds.


62



Economic Income Expenses
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Compensation and benefits—GAAP
$
62,235

 
$
7,708

 
$
69,943

 
$
49,726

 
$
4,535

 
$
54,261

Adjustment to compensation and benefits(1)
(20,870
)
 
(2,809
)
 
(23,679
)
 
(18,667
)
 
(1,838
)
 
(20,505
)
Compensation and Benefits—Economic Income Basis—Non-GAAP
$
41,365

 
$
4,899

 
$
46,264

 
$
31,059

 
$
2,697

 
$
33,756

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense and general, administrative and other expenses—GAAP
$
51,570

 
$
638

 
$
52,208

 
$
271,399

 
$
1,656

 
$
273,055

Adjustment to interest expense and general, administrative and other expenses(2)
(9,657
)
 

 
(9,657
)
 
(15,748
)
 
(187
)
 
(15,935
)
Non-Compensation Expenses—Economic Income Basis—Non-GAAP
$
41,913

 
$
638

 
$
42,551

 
$
255,651

 
$
1,469

 
$
257,120

_______________
(1)
Adjustment to exclude equity-based compensation, as management does not consider these non-cash expenses to be reflective of our operating performance. However, the fair value of RSUs that are settled in cash to employees or executive managing directors is included as an expense at the time of settlement. Further, expenses related to compensation and profit-sharing arrangements based on fund investment performance are recognized at the end of the relevant commitment period, as management reviews the total compensation expense related to these arrangements in relation to any incentive income earned by the relevant fund. Distributions to the Och-Ziff Operating Group D Units are also excluded, as management reviews operating performance at the Och-Ziff Operating Group level, where our operations are performed, prior to making any income allocations.
(2)
Adjustment to exclude depreciation, amortization, gains and losses on assets held for sale and changes in the tax receivable agreement liability, as management does not consider these items to be reflective of our operating performance. Additionally, recurring placement and related service fees are excluded, as management considers these fees a reduction in management fees, not an expense.
Other Economic Income Items
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
Och-Ziff
Funds Segment
 
Other
Operations
 
Total
Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Net gains on investments in Och-Ziff funds and joint ventures—GAAP
$
389

 
$
332

 
$
721

 
$
83

 
$
166

 
$
249

Adjustment to net gains on investments in Och-Ziff funds and joint ventures(1)
(389
)
 
(332
)
 
(721
)
 
(83
)
 
(166
)
 
(249
)
Net Gains on Joint Ventures—GAAP
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests—GAAP
$
9,623

 
$
155

 
$
9,778

 
$
(88,021
)
 
$
176

 
$
(87,845
)
Adjustment to net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests(2)
(9,623
)
 
(155
)
 
(9,778
)
 
88,019

 
(176
)
 
87,843

Net Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests—Economic Income Basis—Non-GAAP
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(2
)
 
$

 
$
(2
)
_______________
(1)
Adjustment to exclude gains and losses on investments in Och-Ziff funds, as management does not consider these items to be reflective of our operating performance.
(2)
Adjustment to exclude amounts allocated to our executive managing directors on their interests in the Och-Ziff Operating Group, as management reviews operating performance at the Och-Ziff Operating Group level. We conduct substantially all of our activities through the Och-Ziff Operating Group. Additionally, the impact of the consolidated Och-Ziff funds, including the allocation of earnings to investors in those funds, is also removed.


63



Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Our predominant exposure to market risk is related to our role as general partner or investment manager for the Och-Ziff funds, and the sensitivities to movements in the fair value of their investments that may adversely affect our management fees and incentive income.
Fair value of the financial assets and liabilities of the Och-Ziff funds may fluctuate in response to changes in the value of investments, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and interest rates. The fair value changes in the assets and liabilities of the Och-Ziff funds affect the management fees and incentive income we may earn from the funds.
With regards to the consolidated Och-Ziff funds, the net effect of these fair value changes primarily impacts the net gains of consolidated Och-Ziff funds in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss); however, a large portion of these fair value changes is absorbed by the investors of these funds (noncontrolling interests). We may also be entitled to a portion of these earnings through our incentive income allocation as general partner of these funds.
Impact on Management Fees
Management fees for our multi-strategy and opportunistic credit funds are generally based on the net asset value of those funds. Accordingly, management fees will generally change in proportion to changes in the fair value of investments held by these funds. Management fees for our real estate funds and certain other funds are generally based on committed capital during the original investment period and invested capital thereafter; therefore, management fees are not impacted by changes in the fair value of investments held by those funds.
Impact on Incentive Income
Incentive income for our funds is generally based on a percentage of profits generated by our funds over a commitment period, which is impacted by global market conditions and other factors. Major factors that influence the degree of impact include how the investments held by our funds are impacted by changes in the market and the extent to which any high-water marks impact our ability to earn incentive income. Consequently, incentive income cannot be readily predicted or estimated.
Market Risk
The amount of our assets under management is generally based on the net asset value of multi-strategy and opportunistic credit funds (plus unfunded commitments for certain closed-end opportunistic credit funds), and committed or invested capital for our real estate funds and certain other funds. A 10% change in the fair value of the net assets held by our funds as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, would have resulted in a change of approximately $2.2 billion and $2.6 billion, respectively, in our assets under management.
A 10% change in the fair value of the net assets held by our funds as of April 1, 2017 (the date management fees are calculated for the second quarter of 2017) would impact management fees charged on that day by approximately $5.0 million. A 10% change in the fair value of the net assets held by our funds as of January 1, 2017, would have impacted management fees charged on that day by approximately $5.6 million.
A 10% change in the fair value of the net assets held by our funds as of the end of any year (excluding unrealized gains and losses in Special Investments or other investments on which we do not earn any incentive income until such investments are sold or otherwise realized), could significantly affect our incentive income, as incentive income is generally based on a percentage of annual profits generated by our funds. We do not earn incentive income on unrealized gains attributable to Special Investments and certain other investments, and therefore a change in the fair value of those investments would have no effect on incentive income.
Exchange Rate Risk
Our funds hold investments denominated in non-U.S. dollar currencies, which may be affected by movements in the rate of exchange between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies. We estimate that as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, a 10% weakening or


64



strengthening of the U.S. dollar against all or any combination of currencies to which our funds have exposure to exchange rates would not have a material effect on our revenues, net income attributable to Class A Shareholders or Economic Income.
Interest Rate Risk
Our Senior Notes and Aircraft Loan are fixed-rate borrowings. Our borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, CLO Investment Loan and investments in CLO accrue interest at variable rates. Our funds also have financing arrangements and hold credit instruments that accrue interest at variable rates. Interest rate changes may therefore impact the amount of interest income and interest expense, future earnings and cash flows.
We estimate that as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, a 100 basis point increase or decrease in variable rates would not have a material effect on our annual interest income, interest expense, net income attributable to Class A Shareholders or Economic Income. A tightening of credit and an increase in prevailing interest rates could make it more difficult for us to raise capital and sustain the growth rate of the funds.
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk that counterparties or debt issuers may fail to fulfill their obligations or that the collateral value may become inadequate to cover our exposure. We manage credit risk by monitoring the credit exposure to and the creditworthiness of counterparties, requiring additional collateral where appropriate.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
As of March 31, 2017, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and were operating at a reasonable assurance level as of March 31, 2017.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act, that occurred in the first quarter of 2017 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control


65



issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls.
The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of controls to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.


66



PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are not currently subject to any pending judicial, administrative or arbitration proceedings that we expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We are from time to time involved in litigation and claims incidental to the conduct of our business. Like other businesses in our industry, we are subject to extensive scrutiny by regulatory agencies globally that have, or may in the future have, regulatory authority over us and our business activities. This has resulted in, or may in the future result in, regulatory agency investigations, litigation and subpoenas, and related sanctions and costs. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” below and “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Recent regulatory changes in jurisdictions outside the United States could adversely affect our business” in our Annual Report. See Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for additional information.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Please see “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report for a discussion of the risks material to our business.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
Item 5. Other Information
None.


67



Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document


68



101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document


69


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Dated: May 2, 2017

 
OCH-ZIFF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC
 
 
 
 
By:
 
/s/ Alesia J. Haas
 
 
 
Alesia J. Haas
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer and Executive Managing Director