UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended October 31, 2016

or

For the transition period from                   to                 

Commission File Number: 1-4488

MESABI TRUST

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(904) 271-2520

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  ☒  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes  ☒  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  ☐  No  ☒

As of December 7, 2016, there were 13,120,010 Units of Beneficial Interest in Mesabi Trust outstanding.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements. (Note 1)

Mesabi Trust

Condensed Statements of Operations

Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2016 and 2015

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

Mesabi Trust

Condensed Balance Sheets

October 31, 2016 and January 31, 2016

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

Mesabi Trust

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

Nine Months Ended October 31, 2016 and 2015

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

Mesabi Trust

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

October 31, 2016 (Unaudited)

Note 1.  The financial statements included herein have been prepared without audit (except for the balance sheet at January 31, 2016) in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.  In the opinion of the Trustees, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of (a) the results of operations for the three months and nine months ended October 31, 2016 and 2015, (b) the financial position at October 31, 2016 and (c) the cash flows for the nine months ended October 31, 2016 and 2015, have been made.  For further information, refer to the financial statements and footnotes included in Mesabi Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016.

Note 2.  Net income per unit includes accrued income receivable.  For the three months ended October 31, 2016 the Trust recorded $3,056,198 of accrued income receivable as reflected on the Condensed Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2016 (unaudited). Accrued income receivable is accounted for and reported for the Trust’s third fiscal quarter based on shipments during the month of October, even though such accrued income receivable is not available for distribution to the holders of Certificates of Beneficial Interest in Mesabi Trust (“Unitholders”) until the applicable royalties are actually received by the Trust. Accrued income receivable also includes accruals for anticipated pricing adjustments, which can be positive or negative. Net income per unit is based on 13,120,010 units outstanding during the period.

Note 3.  The Trust declares distributions (if any) each year in April, July, October and January.  The Trust’s financial statements are prepared on an accrual basis and present the Trust’s results of operations based on each fiscal quarter which ends one month after the close of each calendar quarter.  Because (i) distributions, if any, are declared by the Trustees based on, among other considerations, the amount of royalties actually paid to the Trust through the end of each calendar quarter prior to April, July, October and January of each year, the Trustees’ evaluation of known and projected Trust expenses in the current and future quarters, the then-current level of Unallocated Reserve and general economic conditions, and (ii) the Trust’s Net Income is calculated as of the end of each fiscal quarter, the distributions declared by the Trust are not equivalent to the Trust’s Net Income during the periods reported in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

Note 4.  On October 27, 2016, the Trustees received the quarterly royalty report of iron ore product shipments from Silver Bay, Minnesota during the quarter ended September 30, 2016 from Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (“Cliffs”), the parent company of Northshore Mining Company (“Northshore”). On October 14, 2016, the Trustees declared a distribution of ten cents ($0.10) per Unit of Beneficial Interest payable on November 20, 2016 to Mesabi Trust Unitholders of record at the close of business on October 30, 2016.

Each quarter, as authorized by the Agreement of Trust, the Trustees evaluate all relevant factors including all costs, expenses, obligations, and present and future liabilities of the Trust (whether known or contingent) in determining the prudent level of unallocated reserve in light of the unpredictable nature of the iron ore industry and current economic conditions.

Accordingly, although the actual amount of the Unallocated Reserve will fluctuate from time to time, and may increase or decrease from its current level, it is currently expected that future distributions will be highly dependent upon royalty payments, if any, received in the prior quarter, and the level of Trust expenses that the Trustees anticipate will occur in subsequent quarters.  Pursuant to the Agreement of Trust, the Trustees make decisions about cash distributions to Unitholders based on the royalty payments it receives from Northshore when received, rather than as royalty income is recorded in accordance with the Trust’s revenue recognition policy.  Refer to Note 3 for further information.

As of October 31, 2016 and January 31, 2016, the unallocated cash and U.S. Government securities portion of the Trust’s Unallocated Reserve was comprised of the following components:

A reconciliation of the Trust’s Unallocated Reserve from January 31, 2016 to October 31, 2016 is as follows:

Item 2.  Trustees’ Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  All such forward-looking statements, including those statements regarding estimation of iron ore pellet production, shipments or pricing, are based on information from the lessee/operator (and its parent corporation) of the mine located on the lands owned and held in trust for the benefit of the holders of units of beneficial interest of Mesabi Trust.  These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking words, such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “project,” “predict,” “intend,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “continue,” “potential,” “plan,” “should,” “assume,” “forecast” and other similar words.  Such forward-looking statements are inherently subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties.  Actual results and future developments could differ materially from the results or developments expressed in or implied by these forward-looking statements.  These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, volatility of iron ore and steel prices, market supply and demand, competition, environmental hazards, health and safety conditions, regulation or government action, litigation and uncertainties about estimates of reserves.  Further, substantial portions of royalties earned by Mesabi Trust are based on estimated prices that are subject to interim and final adjustments, which can be positive or negative, and are dependent in part on multiple price and inflation index factors under agreements to which Mesabi Trust is not a party and that are not known until after the end of a contract year.  It is possible that future negative price adjustments could partially or even completely offset royalties or royalty income that would otherwise be payable to the Trust in any particular quarter, or at year-end, thereby potentially reducing cash available for distribution to the Trust’s Unitholders in future quarters.  For a discussion of the factors, including without limitation, those that could materially and adversely affect Mesabi Trust’s actual results and performance, see “Risk Factors” set forth on pages 3 through 9 of Mesabi Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016, as updated by Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.  Mesabi Trust undertakes no obligation, other than that imposed by law, to make any revisions to the forward-looking statements contained in this filing or to update them to reflect circumstances occurring after the date of this filing.

This discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed financial statements and notes presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the financial statements and notes in the last filed Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the period ended January 31, 2016 for a full understanding of Mesabi Trust’s financial position and results of operations for the nine month period ended October 31, 2016.

Background

Mesabi Trust (“Mesabi Trust” or the “Trust”), formed pursuant to an Agreement of Trust dated July 18, 1961 (the “Agreement of Trust”), is a trust organized under the laws of the State of New York.  Mesabi Trust holds all of the interests formerly owned by Mesabi Iron Company (“MIC”), including all right, title and interest in the Amendment of Assignment, Assumption and Further Assignment of Peters Lease (the “Amended Assignment of Peters Lease”), the Amendment of Assignment, Assumption and Further Assignment of Cloquet Lease (the “Amended Assignment of Cloquet Lease” and together with the Amended Assignment of Peters Lease, the “Amended Assignment Agreements”), the beneficial interest in a trust organized under the laws of the State of Minnesota to administer the Mesabi Fee Lands (as defined below) as the trust corpus in compliance with the laws of the State of Minnesota on July 18, 1961 (the “Mesabi Land Trust”) and all other assets and property identified in the Agreement of Trust. The Amended Assignment of Peters Lease relates to an Indenture made as of April 30, 1915 among East Mesaba Iron Company (“East Mesaba”), Dunka River Iron Company (“Dunka River”) and Claude W. Peters (the “Peters Lease”) and the Amended Assignment of Cloquet Lease relates to an Indenture made May 1, 1916 between Cloquet Lumber Company and Claude W. Peters (the “Cloquet Lease”).

The Agreement of Trust specifically prohibits the Trustees from entering into or engaging in any business.  This prohibition applies even to business activities the Trustees may deem necessary or proper for the preservation and protection of the Trust Estate.  Accordingly, the Trustees’ activities in connection with the administration of Trust assets are limited to collecting income, paying expenses and liabilities, distributing net income to the holders of Certificates of Beneficial Interest in Mesabi Trust (“Unitholders”) after the payment of, or provision for, such expenses and liabilities, and protecting and conserving the assets held by the Trust.

The Trustees do not intend to expand their responsibilities beyond those permitted or required by the Agreement of Trust, the Amendment to the Agreement of Trust dated October 25, 1982 (the “Amendment”), and those required under applicable law.  Mesabi Trust has no employees, but it engages independent consultants to assist the Trustees in, among other things, monitoring the volume and sales prices of iron ore products shipped from Silver Bay, Minnesota, based on information supplied to the Trustees by Northshore, the lessee/operator of the lands leased under the Peters Lease and Cloquet Lease (the “Peters Lease Lands” and “Cloquet Lease Lands,” respectively) and the 20% fee interest of certain lands that are particularly described in, and subject to a mining lease under, the Peters Lease (the “Mesabi Fee Lands,” and together with the Peters Lease Lands and Cloquet Lease Lands, the “Mesabi Trust lands”),, and its parent company Cliffs.  References to Northshore in this quarterly report, unless the context requires otherwise, are applicable to Cliffs as well.

Leasehold royalty income constitutes the principal source of the Trust’s revenue.  The income of the Trust is highly dependent upon the activities and operations of Northshore.  Royalty rates and the resulting royalty payments received by the Trust are determined in accordance with the terms of the Trust’s leases and assignments of leases.

Three types of royalties, as well as royalty bonuses, comprise the Trust’s leasehold royalty income:

Under the relevant documents, Northshore may mine and ship iron ore products from lands other than Mesabi Trust lands.  Northshore is obligated to make quarterly royalty payments to the Trust in January, April, July and October of each year based on shipments of iron ore products from Silver Bay, Minnesota during each calendar quarter.  In the case of base overriding royalties and royalty bonuses, these quarterly royalty payments are to be made whether or not the related proceeds of sale have been received by Northshore by the time such payments become due.  Northshore alone determines whether to mine off Trust and/or such other lands, based on its current mining and engineering plan.  The Trustees do not exert any influence over mining operational decisions.  To encourage the mining of iron ore products from Mesabi Trust lands, Mesabi Trust receives royalties, in part, based on the greater of the following two methods of calculating royalty payments, (i) the aggregate quantity of iron ore products shipped that were produced using iron ore mined from Mesabi Trust lands, and (ii) a portion of the aggregate quantity of all iron ore products shipped from Silver Bay that were mined from any lands, such portion being 90% of the first four million tons shipped from Silver Bay during the calendar year, 85% of the next two million tons shipped during the calendar year, and 25% of all tonnage shipped from Silver Bay during such year in excess of six million tons.  The royalty percentage paid to the Trust increases as the aggregate tonnage of iron ore products shipped, attributable to the Trust, in any calendar year increases past each of the first four one-million ton volume thresholds.  Assuming a consistent sales price per ton throughout a calendar year, shipments of iron ore product attributable to the Trust later in the year generate a higher royalty to the Trust, as total shipments for the year exceed increasing levels of royalty percentages and pass each of the first four one-million ton volume thresholds.

During the course of the Trust’s fiscal year some portion of royalties expected to be paid to Mesabi Trust is based in part on estimated prices for iron ore products sold under term contracts between Northshore, Cliffs and certain of their customers (the “Cliffs Pellet Agreements”).  The Cliffs Pellet Agreements use estimated prices which are subject to interim and final pricing adjustments, which can be positive or negative, and which adjustments are dependent in part on multiple price and inflation index factors that are not known until after the end of a contract year.  Even though Mesabi Trust is not a party to the Cliffs Pellet Agreements, these adjustments can result in significant variations in royalties received by Mesabi Trust (and in turn the resulting amount available for distribution to Unitholders by the Trust) from quarter to quarter and on a comparative historical basis, and these variations, which can be positive or negative, cannot be predicted by Mesabi Trust.  In either case, these price adjustments will impact future royalties received by the Trust that become available for distribution to Unitholders.

Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, the Corporate Trustee, performs certain administrative functions for Mesabi Trust.  The Trust maintains a website at www.mesabi-trust.com. The Trust makes available (free of charge) its annual, quarterly and current reports (and any amendments thereto) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) through its website as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filing or furnishing such material with or to the SEC.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Iron Ore Pellet Production and Shipments for the Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015

As shown in the table below, production of iron ore pellets at Northshore from Mesabi Trust lands during the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2016 totaled 1,219,430 tons, and shipments over the same period totaled 1,293,411 tons.  By comparison, pellet production and shipments for the comparable period in 2015 were 1,090,483 tons and 1,039,580 tons, respectively.  The increase in production and shipments is attributable to the demand from Northshore’s customers, as compared to the prior comparable period.

As shown in the table below, during the nine months ended October 31, 2016, production of iron ore pellets at Northshore from Mesabi Trust lands totaled 2,350,880 tons, and shipments over the same period totaled 1,887,675 tons.  By comparison, pellet production and shipments for the comparable period in 2015 were 3,143,019 tons and 2,815,257 tons, respectively.  The decrease in production and shipments is attributable to a decrease in demand from Northshore’s customers as compared to the prior comparable period.  For the nine months ended October 31, 2016, approximately 99.4% of shipments from Silver Bay, Minnesota originated from Trust lands, whereas during the same period in 2015 approximately 89.1% of shipments originated from Trust lands.

Comparison of Royalty Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015

Total royalty income for the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2016 increased by $822,431 to $3,441,528 as compared to the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2015.  The increase in total royalty income is due to the increase in shipments during the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2016, as compared to the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2015.

The table below shows that the base overriding royalties decreased $143,994 and the bonus royalties increased $948,460 for the three months ended October 31, 2016, as compared to the three months ended October 31, 2015.  Fee royalties increased by $17,965 over the same period.  The decrease in the base overriding royalties is attributable to base royalties being paid at a lower royalty rate as compared to the prior comparable period.  As discussed on page 8, the base overriding royalty rate is based on the total volume of shipments which is significantly lower in 2016 as compared to 2015.  The increase in bonus royalties is attributable to higher sales prices per ton as compared to the prior comparable period.  As discussed on page 8, the royalty bonuses are based on the sales price as compared to the adjusted threshold price for the calendar year.

The table below summarizes the components of Mesabi Trust’s royalty income for the three months ended October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively:

As reflected in the table below, the Trust’s total royalty income for the nine months ended October 31, 2016 decreased by $617,795 to $6,050,147 as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2015.  The decrease is the result of a decrease in demand from Northshore’s customers during the nine months ended October 31, 2016, as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2015.

The table below shows that the base overriding royalties decreased $1,727,617 and the bonus royalties increased by $1,214,351 for the nine months ended October 31, 2016, as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2015. Fee royalties decreased by $104,529 over the same period.  The decrease in the base overriding royalties is attributable to a decrease in demand from Northshore’s customers as compared to the prior comparable period. The increase in bonus royalties is attributable to both higher sales prices per ton as compared to the prior comparable period and to anticipated positive pricing adjustments on unconsumed iron ore pellets at January 31, 2016 for the quarter ending October 31, 2016 related to shipments during the calendar year 2015. These price adjustments will not be finalized until after the end of the calendar year in which the pellets are consumed. The decrease in the fee royalty amount is due to a decrease in the amount of iron ore mined under the Peters Lease.

The table below summarizes the components of Mesabi Trust’s total royalty income for the nine months ended October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015:

Comparison of Net Income, Expenses and Distributions for the Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015

Net income for the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2016 was $3,208,151, an increase of $806,084 compared to the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2015.  The increase in net income for the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2016 was the result of an increase in bonus royalties over the comparable period as discussed in the section above.  The table below summarizes the Trust’s income and expenses for the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively.

Net income for the nine months ended October 31, 2016 was $5,198,145, a decrease of $627,832 as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2015.  The decrease in net income for the nine months ended October 31, 2016 was the result of a decrease in demand from Northshore’s customers, as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2015. The table below summarizes the Trust’s income and expenses for the nine months ended October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively.

As presented on the Trust’s Condensed Statements of Income on page 2 of this quarterly report, the Trust’s net income per unit increased $0.0614 per unit to $0.2445 per unit for the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2016.  For the nine months ended October 31, 2016, the Trust’s net income per unit decreased $0.0479 per unit to $0.3962 per unit, as compared to the prior year period. On October 14, 2016, the Trust declared a distribution of $0.10 per unit payable to Unitholders of record on October 30, 2016.  Comparatively, the Trust declared a distribution of $0.00 per unit to Unitholders in October 2015.  During the nine months ended October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015, the Trust had declared total distributions per unit $0.50 and $0.04, respectively.

Distributions are declared after receiving notification from Northshore as to the amount of royalty income that is expected to be paid to the Trust based on shipments through the end of each calendar quarter and such royalty payments may include pricing adjustments with respect to shipments during prior periods.  The Trust accounts for and reports accrued income receivable based on shipments during the last month of each of the Trust’s fiscal quarters (April, July, October and January) and price adjustments under the Cliffs Pellet Agreements (which can be positive or negative and can result in significant variations in royalties received by Mesabi Trust and cash available for distribution to Unitholders) as reported to the Trust by Northshore.  The Trust accounts for these amounts by using estimated prices and reports such amounts even though accrued income receivable is not available for distribution to Unitholders until it is received by the Trust.  Accordingly, distributions declared by the Trust are not equivalent to the Trust’s Net Income during the periods reported in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

Comparison of Unallocated Reserve as of October 31, 2016, October 31, 2015 and January 31, 2016

As set forth in the table below, Unallocated Reserve, which is comprised of accrued income receivable, unallocated cash and U.S. Government securities for potential fixed or contingent future liabilities, and prepaid expenses and accrued expenses increased from $6,912,301 as of October 31, 2015 to $7,627,304 as of October 31, 2016. The increase in Unallocated Reserve as of October 31, 2016, as compared to October 31, 2015, is primarily the result of a significant increase in the accrued income receivable portion of the Unallocated Reserve.  The increase in the accrued income receivable portion of the Unallocated Reserve is the result of a higher volume of shipments in October 2016 as compared to October 2015 as well as an increase in the average sales price per ton. The decrease in the unallocated cash and U.S. Government securities is a result of the Trustees’ decision to decrease the Trust’s reserve for unexpected obligations.

These distribution determinations by the Trustees during the last three quarters resulted from several factors, including the Trustee’s evaluation of known and projected Trust expenses in the current and future quarters.

It is possible that future negative price adjustments could offset, or even eliminate, future royalties or royalty income that would otherwise be payable to the Trust in any particular quarter, or at year end, thereby potentially reducing cash available for distribution to the Trust’s Unitholders in future quarters.  See the discussion under the heading “Risk Factors” beginning on page 3 of the Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2016.

The Trust’s Unallocated Reserve as of October 31, 2016 decreased by $1,361,860 to $7,627,304, as compared to the fiscal year ended January 31, 2016.  The decrease in the Unallocated Reserve is due primarily to the Trustee’s decision to decrease the Trust’s reserve for unexpected obligations.  As of October 31, 2016, the Trust’s Unallocated Reserve consisted of $4,528,624 of unallocated cash and U.S. Government securities and $ 3,056,198 of accrued income receivable.  At January 31, 2016, the Trust’s Unallocated Reserve consisted of $8,127,881 in unallocated cash and U.S. Government securities and $978,146 of accrued income receivable.

Each quarter, as authorized by the Agreement of Trust, the Trustees will reevaluate all relevant factors including all costs, expenses, obligations, and present and future liabilities of the Trust (whether known or contingent) in determining a prudent level of unallocated reserve in light of the unpredictable nature of the iron ore industry, current and projected future mining operations and current economic conditions.  Although the actual amount of the Unallocated Reserve will fluctuate from time to time and may increase or decrease from its current level, it is currently intended that future distributions will be highly dependent upon royalty income as it is received and the level of Trust expenses.  The amount of future royalty income available for distribution will be subject to the volume of iron ore product shipments and the dollar level of sales by Northshore.  Shipping activity is greatly reduced during the winter months.  Economic conditions, particularly those affecting the iron ore and steel industry, may adversely affect the amount and timing of such future shipments and sales.  The Trustees will continue to monitor the economic circumstances of the Trust to strike a responsible balance between distributions to Unitholders and the need to maintain adequate reserves at a prudent level, given the unpredictable nature of the iron ore and steel industry, the Trust’s dependence on the actions of the lessee/operator, and the fact that the Trust essentially has no other liquid assets.

Recent Developments

On October 14, 2016, the Trustees of Mesabi Trust declared a distribution of ten cents ($0.10) per Unit of Beneficial Interest payable on November 20, 2016 to Mesabi Trust Unitholders of record at the close of business on October 30, 2016. This compares to no distribution (zero per Unit) for the same period last year.

On October 27, 2016, the Trustees received the quarterly royalty report of iron ore product shipments from Silver Bay, Minnesota during the quarter ended September 30, 2016 from Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (“Cliffs”), the parent company of Northshore Mining Company (“Northshore”). As reported to the Trust by Cliffs in the quarterly royalty report, based on shipments of iron ore products by Northshore during the three months ended September 30, 2016, Mesabi Trust was credited with a base royalty of $1,643,276.  Mesabi Trust also was credited with a bonus royalty in the amount of $571,691.  Royalties paid to Mesabi Trust, however, reflected a reduction of $468,190 as a result of negative pricing adjustments to base and bonus royalty calculations related to changes in price estimates made in the previous calendar quarters of 2016.  Accordingly, the total royalty payments received by October 30, 2016 by Mesabi Trust from Northshore were $1,880,334 (which includes a royalty payment of $133,557 paid to the Mesabi Land Trust). The royalties paid to Mesabi Trust are based on the volume of shipments of iron ore pellets for the quarter and the year to date, the pricing of iron ore product sales, and the percentage of iron ore pellet shipments from Mesabi Trust lands rather than from non-Mesabi Trust lands.  In the third calendar quarter of 2016, Northshore credited Mesabi Trust with 1,020,796 tons of iron ore, as compared to 1,231,310 tons during the third calendar quarter of 2015.

Important Factors Affecting Mesabi Trust

The Agreement of Trust specifically prohibits the Trustees from entering into or engaging in any business.  This prohibition seemingly applies even to business activities the Trustees deem necessary or proper for the preservation and protection of the Trust’s assets.  Accordingly, the Trustees’ activities in connection with the administration of Trust assets are limited to collecting income, paying expenses and liabilities, distributing net income to Mesabi Trust’s Unitholders after the payment of, or provision for, such expenses and liabilities, and protecting and conserving the held assets.

Neither Mesabi Trust nor the Trustees have any control over the operations and activities of Northshore, except within the framework of the Amended Assignment Agreements.  Cliffs alone controls (i) historical operating data, including iron ore production volumes, marketing of iron ore products, operating and capital expenditures as they relate to Northshore, environmental and other liabilities and the effects of regulatory changes; (ii) plans for Northshore’s future operating and capital expenditures; (iii) geological data relating to ore reserves (iv) projected production of iron ore products; (v) contracts between Cliffs and Northshore with their customers; and (vi) the decision to mine off Mesabi Trust and/or state lands, based on Cliffs’ current mining and engineering plan.  The Trustees do not exert any influence over mining operational decisions at Northshore, nor do the Trustees provide any input regarding the ore reserve estimated at Northshore as reported by Cliffs.  While the Trustees request relevant information from Cliffs and Northshore for use in periodic reports as part of their evaluation of Mesabi Trust’s disclosure controls and procedures, the Trustees do not control this information and they rely on the information in Cliffs’ periodic and current filings with the SEC to provide accurate and timely information in Mesabi Trust’s reports filed with the SEC.

In accordance with the Agreement of Trust and the Amendment, the Trustees are entitled to, and in fact do, rely upon certain experts in good faith, including (i) the independent consultants with respect to monthly production and shipment reports, which include figures on crude ore production and iron ore pellet shipments, and discussions concerning the condition and accuracy of the

scales and plans regarding the development of Mesabi Trust’s mining property; and (ii) the accounting firm they have contracted with for non-audit services, including reviews of financial data related to shipping and sales reports provided by Northshore and a review of the schedule of leasehold royalties payable to Mesabi Trust.  For a discussion of additional factors, including but not limited to those that could adversely affect Mesabi Trust’s actual results and performance, see “Risk Factors” set forth on pages 3 through 9 of Mesabi Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended January 31, 2016, as updated by Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Iron Ore Pricing and Contract Adjustments

During the course of its fiscal year some portion of the royalties paid to Mesabi Trust are based on estimated prices for iron ore products sold under term contracts between Cliffs and its subsidiaries and certain of their customers (the “Cliffs Pellet Agreements”). Mesabi Trust is not a party to any of the Cliffs Pellet Agreements.  These prices are subject to interim and final pricing adjustments, which can be positive or negative, and which adjustments are dependent in part on a variety of price and inflation index factors, including but not limited to the international benchmark pellet price, hot band steel prices and various Producer Price Indexes.  Although Northshore makes interim adjustments to the royalty payments on a quarterly basis, these price adjustments cannot be finalized until after the end of a contract year.  This may result in significant and frequent variations in royalties received by Mesabi Trust (and in turn the resulting amount of funds available for distribution to Unitholders by the Trust) from quarter to quarter and on a comparative historical basis, and these variations, which can be positive or negative, cannot be predicted by Mesabi Trust.  It is possible that future negative price adjustments could partially or even completely offset royalties or royalty income that would otherwise be payable to the Trust in any particular quarter, or at year-end, thereby potentially reducing cash available for distribution to the Trust’s Unitholders in future quarters.

Effects of Securities Regulation

The Trust is a publicly-traded trust with Units of Beneficial Interest that are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and is therefore subject to extensive regulations under, among others, the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”) and the rules and regulations of the NYSE, each as amended.  Issuers failing to comply with such regulations risk serious consequences, including criminal as well as civil and administrative penalties.  In most instances, these laws, rules and regulations do not specifically address their applicability to publicly-traded trusts such as Mesabi Trust.  In particular, Sarbanes-Oxley and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act have mandated the adoption by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and, in some instances, the NYSE of certain rules and regulations that are impossible for the Trust to satisfy because of its nature as a pass-through trust that has no officers or employees.  Pursuant to NYSE rules currently in effect the Trust is exempt from many of the corporate governance requirements that apply to publicly traded corporations listed on the NYSE.  The Trust does not have, nor does the Agreement of Trust provide for, a board of directors, an audit committee, a corporate governance committee or a compensation committee.  The Trustees intend to closely monitor the SEC’s and the NYSE’s rulemaking activity and will attempt to comply with such rules and regulations where applicable.

The Trust’s website is located at www.mesabi-trust.com.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

This “Trustees’ Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” is based upon the Trust’s financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  The preparation of these financial statements requires the Trustees to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.  Critical accounting policies are those that have meaningful impact on the reporting of the Trust’s financial condition and results, and that require significant judgment and estimates.  During the preparation of financial statements, the Trust makes estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect reported amounts.  These estimates, assumptions and judgments include those related to revenue recognition and accrued expenses.  The Trust bases its estimates on various assumptions and historical experience, which are believed to be reasonable; however, due to the inherent nature of estimates, actual results may differ significantly due to changed conditions or assumptions.  On a regular basis, the Trust reviews the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgments to ensure that the financial statements are fairly presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.

The Trust did not have any changes in critical accounting policies or in significant accounting estimates during the three months ended October 31, 2016.  For a complete description of the Trust’s significant accounting policies, please see Note 2 to the financial statements included in the Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016.

Certain Tax Information

The Trust is not taxable as a corporation for federal or state income tax purposes and is instead qualified as a nontaxable grantor trust.  Since the Trust’s inception, all net taxable income is annually attributable directly to Unitholders for tax purposes regardless of whether the income is distributed or retained by the Trust in its reserve account.  As such, in lieu of the Trust paying income taxes, Unitholders report their pro rata share of the various items of Trust income and deductions on their income tax returns.  This reporting is required whether or not the earnings of the Trust are distributed as to Unitholders.  During calendar 2016, any funds retained to increase the Trust’s unallocated reserve, which were derived from reportable royalty income, will nonetheless become taxable as reportable income to Unitholders, depending on each individual’s personal tax situation.  Information regarding the background on the changes in the Trust’s unallocated reserve is described above under “Results of Operations — Comparison of Unallocated Reserve as of October 31, 2016, October 31, 2015 and January 31, 2016” and “Recent Developments—Unallocated Reserve.”  Unitholders are encouraged to consult with their own tax advisors to plan for any financial impact related to this and to review their personal tax situations related to investing in, holding or selling units of beneficial interest in Mesabi Trust.

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not applicable.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.  The Trustees maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Trust in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Trust is accumulated and communicated by Northshore, and consultants to the Trustees as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As part of their evaluation of the Trust’s disclosure controls and procedures, the Trustees rely on quarterly shipment and royalty calculations provided by Northshore.  Because Northshore has declined to support this information with a written certification attesting to whether Northshore has established disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls sufficient to enable it to verify that the information furnished to the Trustees is accurate and complete, the Trustees also rely on (a) an annual certification from Northshore and Northshore’s parent, Cliffs, certifying as to the accuracy of the royalty calculations, and (b) the related due diligence review performed by the Trust’s external accountants.  In addition, the Trust’s consultants review the schedule of leasehold royalties payable and shipping and sales reports provided by Northshore against production and shipment reports prepared by the Eveleth Fee Office, Inc., an independent consultant to the Trust (“Eveleth Fee Office”).  The Eveleth Fee Office gathers production and shipping information from Northshore and prepares monthly production and shipment reports for the Trustees. Furthermore, as part of its engagement by the Trust, the Eveleth Fee Office also attends Northshore’s calibration and testing of its crude ore scales and boat loader scales which are conducted on a periodic basis.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Trustees carried out an evaluation of the Trust’s disclosure controls and procedures.  The Trustees have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  To the knowledge of the Trustees, there has been no change in the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Trust’s last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting.  The Trustees note for purposes of clarification that they have no authority over, and make no statement concerning, the internal control over financial reporting of Northshore or Cliffs.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in the Trust’s risk factors as described in “Risk Factors” set forth on pages 3 through 9 of Mesabi Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended January 31, 2016.

Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3.  Defaults upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5.  Other Information

Mine Safety and Health Administration Safety Data. Pursuant to §1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, Cliffs started reporting information related to certain mine safety results at Northshore. This information is available in Part II, Item 4 of Cliffs’ Form 10-Q filed October 27, 2016.

Item 6.  Exhibits.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

* There are no principal executive officers or principal financial officers of the registrant.

EXHIBIT INDEX