FIVE STAR SENIOR LIVING INC. - FORM 10-Q - November 3, 2016

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON,  DC 20549 
FORM 10-Q
☒  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2016
 
or
 
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
Commission File Number 001-16817
FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
 
 
Maryland
04-3516029
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
 
400 Centre Street, Newton, Massachusetts 02458
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
 
 
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code): 617-796-8387
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant:  (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     
Yes  ☒ No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     
Yes  ☒ No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):
 
 
 
Large accelerated filer ☐
Accelerated filer ☒
Non-accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company ☐
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)
Yes  ☐ No  ☒
 
Number of registrant’s shares of common stock, $.01 par value, outstanding as of November 2, 2016:  49,512,651.  
 
 
 
 
 



FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
FORM 10-Q
SEPTEMBER 30, 2016
INDEX
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the Company, Five Star, we, us or our include Five Star Quality Care, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries unless otherwise expressly stated or the context indicates otherwise.




PART I.   Financial Information
Item 1.  Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)
 
 
September 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
43,174

 
$
14,672

Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $3,696 and $3,592 at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively
 
38,040

 
37,829

Due from related persons
 
8,961

 
9,731

Investments in available for sale securities, of which $10,553 and $11,471 are restricted at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively
 
25,801

 
26,417

Restricted cash
 
11,168

 
3,301

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
20,135

 
19,138

Assets of discontinued operations
 
567

 
981

Total current assets
 
147,846

 
112,069

 
 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
 
352,561

 
383,858

Equity investment of an investee
 
7,110

 
6,827

Restricted cash
 
1,787

 
2,821

Restricted investments in available for sale securities
 
18,511

 
23,166

Other long term assets
 
2,861

 
3,029

 
 
$
530,676

 
$
531,770

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Revolving credit facility
 
$
—

 
$
50,000

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
70,858

 
93,205

Accrued compensation and benefits
 
40,768

 
32,127

Due to related persons
 
18,338

 
17,870

Mortgage notes payable
 
1,878

 
1,807

Accrued real estate taxes
 
16,030

 
12,207

Security deposits and current portion of continuing care contracts
 
5,568

 
6,129

Other current liabilities
 
33,461

 
30,399

Liabilities of discontinued operations
 
8

 
176

Total current liabilities
 
186,909

 
243,920

 
 
 
 
 
Long term liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Mortgage notes payable
 
58,978

 
60,396

Continuing care contracts
 
1,068

 
1,267

Accrued self insurance obligations
 
35,636

 
37,588

Deferred gain on sale and leaseback transaction with Senior Housing Properties Trust
 
74,347

 
—

Other long term liabilities
 
3,648

 
4,147

Total long term liabilities
 
173,677

 
103,398

 
 
 
 
 
Commitments and contingencies
 

 

 
 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
Common stock, par value $.01: 75,000,000 shares authorized, 49,519,051 and 49,476,611 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively
 
495

 
494

Additional paid in capital
 
359,413

 
358,665

Accumulated deficit
 
(193,808
)
 
(177,622
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
 
3,990

 
2,915

Total shareholders’ equity
 
170,090

 
184,452

 
 
$
530,676

 
$
531,770

See accompanying notes.

1

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)


 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior living revenue
 
$
277,410

 
$
279,685

 
$
836,523

 
$
832,793

Management fee revenue
 
3,336

 
2,717

 
8,955

 
7,939

Reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
 
63,965

 
62,170

 
186,378

 
180,082

Total revenues
 
344,711

 
344,572

 
1,031,856

 
1,020,814

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior living wages and benefits
 
137,190

 
135,133

 
408,886

 
404,737

Other senior living operating expenses
 
70,890

 
72,637

 
212,565

 
216,107

Costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
 
63,965

 
62,170

 
186,378

 
180,082

Rent expense
 
50,625

 
49,730

 
150,837

 
149,015

General and administrative expenses
 
18,542

 
16,587

 
54,218

 
52,750

Depreciation and amortization expense
 
9,398

 
8,419

 
28,847

 
24,637

Goodwill impairment
 
—

 
25,344

 
—

 
25,344

Long lived asset impairment
 
196

 
145

 
502

 
145

Total operating expenses
 
350,806

 
370,165

 
1,042,233

 
1,052,817

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating loss
 
(6,095
)
 
(25,593
)
 
(10,377
)
 
(32,003
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest, dividend and other income
 
237

 
238

 
766

 
701

Interest and other expense
 
(945
)
 
(1,106
)
 
(3,957
)
 
(3,597
)
Gain on early extinguishment of debt
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
692

Gain on sale of available for sale securities reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
 
12

 
—

 
247

 
38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings (losses) of an investee
 
(6,791
)
 
(26,461
)
 
(13,321
)
 
(34,169
)
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes
 
934

 
236

 
(2,841
)
 
(348
)
Equity in earnings (losses) of an investee
 
13

 
(25
)
 
107

 
70

Loss from continuing operations
 
(5,844
)
 
(26,250
)
 
(16,055
)
 
(34,447
)
Loss from discontinued operations
 
(53
)
 
(1,238
)
 
(131
)
 
(2,253
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 
$
(5,897
)
 
$
(27,488
)
 
$
(16,186
)
 
$
(36,700
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding—basic and diluted
 
48,846

 
48,427

 
48,817

 
48,397

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted loss per share from:
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
 
$
(0.12
)
 
$
(0.54
)
 
$
(0.33
)
 
$
(0.71
)
Discontinued operations
 
—

 
(0.03
)
 
—

 
(0.05
)
Net loss per share—basic and diluted
 
$
(0.12
)
 
$
(0.57
)
 
$
(0.33
)
 
$
(0.76
)
 
See accompanying notes.


2

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)


 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(5,897
)
 
$
(27,488
)
 
$
(16,186
)
 
$
(36,700
)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Unrealized gain (loss) on investments in available for sale securities, net of tax benefit (expense) of $162,  $0, $(383) and $0, respectively
321

 
(311
)
 
1,147

 
(437
)
Equity in unrealized gain (loss) of an investee
80

 
(72
)
 
175

 
(91
)
Realized gain on investments in available for sale securities reclassified and included in net loss, net of tax
(12
)
 
—

 
(247
)
 
(38
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
389

 
(383
)
 
1,075

 
(566
)
Comprehensive loss
$
(5,508
)
 
$
(27,871
)
 
$
(15,111
)
 
$
(37,266
)
See accompanying notes.


3

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)


 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2016
 
2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 
$
(16,186
)
 
$
(36,700
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization expense
 
28,847

 
24,637

Gain on early extinguishment of debt
 
—

 
(742
)
Loss from discontinued operations
 
131

 
2,253

Gain on sale of available for sale securities reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
 
(247
)
 
(38
)
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
 
70

 
98

Goodwill impairment
 
—

 
25,344

Long lived asset impairment
 
502

 
145

Equity in earnings of an investee
 
(107
)
 
(70
)
Stock based compensation
 
749

 
948

Provision for losses on receivables
 
2,598

 
3,520

Amortization of deferred gain on sale and leaseback transaction with Senior Housing Properties Trust
 
(1,688
)
 
—

Other noncash (income) expense adjustments, net
 
(375
)
 
409

Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 

Accounts receivable
 
(2,809
)
 
(2,689
)
Prepaid expenses and other assets
 
(2,314
)
 
(1,962
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
(22,297
)
 
330

Accrued compensation and benefits
 
8,641

 
9,917

Due to/from related persons, net
 
222

 
1,026

Other current and long term liabilities
 
(2,716
)
 
9,278

Cash (used in) provided by operating activities
 
(6,979
)
 
35,704

 
 
 
 
 
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
Increase in restricted cash and investment accounts, net
 
(6,833
)
 
(417
)
Acquisition of property and equipment
 
(40,825
)
 
(40,867
)
Purchase of intangible assets
 
—

 
(191
)
Purchases of available for sale securities
 
(6,780
)
 
(10,717
)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment to Senior Housing Properties Trust
 
15,180

 
16,425

Proceeds from sale and  leaseback transaction with Senior Housing Properties Trust
 
112,350

 
—

Proceeds from sale of available for sale securities
 
13,508

 
6,469

Cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 
86,600

 
(29,298
)
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings on revolving credit facility
 
25,000

 
20,000

Repayments of borrowings on revolving credit facility
 
(75,000
)
 
(20,000
)
Repayments of mortgage notes payable
 
(934
)
 
(5,732
)
Payment of deferred financing fees
 
(300
)
 
(300
)
Cash used in financing activities
 
(51,234
)
 
(6,032
)
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
 
130

 
(1,512
)
Net cash used in investing activities
 
(15
)
 
(24
)
Net cash flows provided by (used in) discontinued operations
 
115

 
(1,536
)
 
 
 
 
 
Change in cash and cash equivalents
 
28,502

 
(1,162
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
 
14,672

 
20,988

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
43,174

 
$
19,826

 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental cash flow information:
 
 
 
 
Cash paid for interest
 
$
3,920

 
$
3,078

Cash paid for income taxes, net
 
$
2,657

 
$
805

See accompanying notes.

4

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)



Note 1.  Basis of Presentation and Organization
General
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of Five Star Quality Care, Inc. and its subsidiaries, or we, us or our, are unaudited.  Certain information and disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted.  We believe the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.  However, the accompanying financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, or our Annual Report.  In the opinion of our management, all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.  All intercompany transactions and balances with or among our consolidated subsidiaries have been eliminated.  Our operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior years’ condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year’s presentation.
 
We operate senior living communities, including independent living communities, assisted living communities and skilled nursing facilities, or SNFs.  As of September 30, 2016, we operated 276 senior living communities located in 32 states with 31,349 living units, including 246 primarily independent and assisted living communities with 28,748 living units and 30 SNFs with 2,601 living units.  As of September 30, 2016, we owned and operated 26 communities (2,703 living units), we leased and operated 187 communities (20,244 living units) and we managed 63 communities (8,402 living units).  Our 276 senior living communities, as of September 30, 2016, included 10,663 independent living apartments, 15,742 assisted living suites and 4,944 skilled nursing beds. The foregoing numbers exclude living units categorized as out of service.  
Segment Information
We have two operating segments: senior living communities and rehabilitation and wellness. In the senior living community segment, we operate for our own account or manage for the account of others independent living communities, assisted living communities and SNFs that are subject to centralized oversight and provide housing and services to elderly residents. Our rehabilitation and wellness operating segment does not meet any of the quantitative thresholds of a reportable segment as prescribed under Financial Accounting Standards Board, or the FASB, Accounting Standards Codification ™, or ASC, Topic 280, Segment Reporting, and therefore we have determined that our business is comprised of one reportable segment, senior living. All of our operations and assets are located in the United States, except for the operations of our Cayman Islands organized captive insurance company subsidiary, which participates in our workers’ compensation and professional and general liability insurance programs.
Note 2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2015, we early adopted FASB Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes, which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent in a consolidated balance sheet rather than the former presentation of separating deferred tax assets and liabilities into current and noncurrent amounts. We adopted this ASU using prospective application. Since we have recognized a full deferred tax valuation allowance since 2014 and our deferred tax assets and liabilities net to zero, the implementation of this ASU did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
On January 1, 2016, we adopted FASB ASU No. 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, which requires debt issuance costs to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the associated debt liability, and ASU No. 2015-15, Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements – Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcement at June 18, 2015 EITF Meeting, which addresses the presentation of debt issuance costs related to line of credit arrangements. The implementation of ASU No. 2015-03 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.  The adoption of ASU No. 2015-15 did not result in any changes in the classification of capitalized debt issuance costs related to our secured revolving credit facility.
On January 1, 2016, we adopted FASB ASU No. 2015-16, Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments, which eliminates the requirement for an acquirer in a business combination to account for measurement period adjustments retrospectively. Instead, acquirers must recognize measurement period adjustments during the period in which they determine the amounts, including the effect on earnings of any amounts that would have been recorded in previous periods if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The implementation of this ASU did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which changes how entities measure certain equity investments and present changes in the fair value of financial liabilities measured under the fair value option that are attributable to their own credit. This ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted subject to certain conditions. Currently, changes in fair value of these investments are recorded through other comprehensive income. Under this ASU, these changes will be recorded through earnings. We are continuing to evaluate this ASU, but we expect the implementation of this ASU will affect available for sale equity investments that we hold.
 
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e., lessees and lessors). ASU No. 2016-02 requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase of the leased asset by the lessee. This classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight line basis over the term of the lease. A lessee is also required to record a right of use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases today. The new standard requires lessors to account for leases using an approach that is substantially equivalent to existing guidance for sales type leases, direct financing leases and operating leases. ASU No. 2016-02 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the potential impact the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), which identifies areas for simplification involving several aspects of accounting for share based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, an option to recognize gross stock compensation expense with actual forfeitures recognized as they occur, as well as certain classifications on the statement of cash flows.  ASU No. 2016-09 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. We are currently assessing the potential impact the adoption of ASU No. 2016-09 will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which outlines a comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers.  This ASU clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue by, among other things, removing inconsistencies in revenue requirements, improving comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities and industries and providing improved disclosure requirements. In July 2015, the FASB approved a one year deferral of the effective date for this ASU to interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017; however, early adoption at the original effective date is still permitted. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), which clarifies how an entity should identify the unit of accounting for the principal versus agent evaluation and how it should apply the control principle to certain types of arrangements, such as service transactions. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of these ASUs will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), which requires a financial asset or a group of financial assets measured at amortized cost basis, to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. This ASU eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold and instead reflects an entity’s current estimate of all expected credit losses. In addition, this ASU amends the current available for sale security other-than-temporary impairment model for debt securities. The length of time that the fair value of an available for sale debt security has been below the amortized cost will no longer impact the determination of whether a credit loss exists and credit losses will now be limited to the difference between a security’s amortized cost basis and its fair value. This ASU is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. We are currently assessing the potential impact the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which clarifies how companies present and classify certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows. ASU No. 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently assessing the potential impact the adoption of ASU No. 2016-15 will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.



6

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


Note 3. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consists of the following:
 
 
September 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Land
 
$
22,261

 
$
25,410

Buildings and improvements
 
303,260

 
338,522

Furniture, fixtures and equipment
 
185,654

 
165,497

Property and equipment, at cost
 
511,175

 
529,429

Accumulated depreciation
 
(158,614
)
 
(145,571
)
Property and equipment, net
 
$
352,561

 
$
383,858

 
We recorded depreciation expense relating to our property and equipment of $9,147 and $8,406 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $27,290 and $24,384 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
 
We review the carrying value of long lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If there is an indication that the carrying value of an asset is not recoverable, we determine the amount of impairment loss, if any, by comparing the historical carrying value of the asset to its estimated fair value. We determine estimated fair value based on input from market participants, our experience selling similar assets, market conditions and internally developed cash flow models that our assets or asset groups are expected to generate, and we consider these estimates to be a Level 3 fair value measurement. As a result of our long lived assets impairment review, we recorded $196 and $145 of impairment charges to certain of our long lived assets in continuing operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $502 and $145 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
 
As of September 30, 2016, we had $7,017 of assets related to our leased senior living communities included in our property and equipment that we currently expect to request that Senior Housing Properties Trust, or, together with its subsidiaries, SNH, purchase from us for an increase in future rent; however, SNH is not obligated to purchase such amounts. Please see Note 10 for more information regarding our leases and other arrangements with SNH.

Note 4. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table details the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2016:
 
 
Equity
Investment of an
Investee
 
Investments in
Available for Sale
Securities
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
Balance at January 1, 2016
 
$
30

 
$
2,885

 
$
2,915

Unrealized gain on investments, net of  tax of $0, $383 and $383, respectively
 
—

 
1,147

 
1,147

Equity in unrealized gain of an investee
 
175

 
—

 
175

Reclassification adjustment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized gain on investments, net of tax
 
—

 
(247
)
 
(247
)
Balance at September 30, 2016
 
$
205

 
$
3,785

 
$
3,990

 
Accumulated other comprehensive income represents the unrealized gains and losses of our investments, net of tax, and our share of other comprehensive income of Affiliates Insurance Company, or AIC.

Note 5.  Income Taxes
For the three months ended September 30, 2016, we recognized income tax benefits from continuing operations of $934 primarily due to a reduction of previously accrued estimated state tax expense resulting from our June 2016 sale and leaseback

7

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


transaction with SNH. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we recognized a provision for income taxes from continuing operations of $2,841, which consists of current state tax expense of $3,224 related primarily to the gain on sale for tax purposes associated with our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction with SNH, net of federal and state intraperiod tax allocation benefits totaling $383 related to the unrealized gains on our available for sale securities.  We have not recognized any federal income tax expense attributable to federal taxable income because in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, such income and expense were offset by our federal net operating loss carry forwards and tax credit carry forwards.  We did not recognize any income tax expense or benefit from our discontinued operations for any period presented.
 
As of September 30, 2016, after reduction for the amounts utilized to offset federal taxable income in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, our federal net operating loss carry forwards, which are scheduled to begin expiring in 2026 if unused, were approximately $54,407, and our tax credit carry forwards, which begin expiring in 2027 if unused, were approximately $18,975.  Our federal net operating loss carry forwards and tax credit carry forwards are subject to possible audit and adjustment by the Internal Revenue Service. 
 
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we determined it was more likely than not that our net deferred tax assets would not be realized and concluded that a full valuation allowance was required, which eliminated the amount of our net deferred tax assets recorded in our consolidated balance sheets.  In the future, if we believe that we will more likely than not realize the benefit of these deferred tax assets, we will adjust our valuation allowance and recognize an income tax benefit, which may affect our results of operations.

Note 6.  Earnings Per Share
We calculated basic earnings per common share, or EPS, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 using the weighted average number of shares of our common stock, $.01 par value per share, or our common shares, outstanding during the periods.  Diluted EPS reflects the more dilutive earnings per common share amount calculated using the two class method or the treasury stock method. The three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 had 821,180 and 541,018, respectively, and the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 had 898,009 and 591,367, respectively, of potentially dilutive restricted unvested common shares that were not included in the calculation of diluted EPS because to do so would have been antidilutive.    
 
The following table provides a reconciliation of loss from continuing operations and loss from discontinued operations and the number of common shares used in the calculations of diluted EPS:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Income
 
 
 
Per
 
Income
 
 
 
Per
 
(loss)
 
Shares
 
Share
 
(loss)
 
Shares
 
Share
Loss from continuing operations
 
$
(5,844
)
 
48,846

 
$
(0.12
)
 
$
(26,250
)
 
48,427

 
$
(0.54
)
Dilutive effect of unvested restricted shares
 
—

 
—

 
 
 
—

 
—

 
 
Diluted loss from continuing operations
 
$
(5,844
)
 
48,846

 
$
(0.12
)
 
$
(26,250
)
 
48,427

 
$
(0.54
)
Diluted loss from discontinued operations
 
$
(53
)
 
48,846

 
$
—

 
$
(1,238
)
 
48,427

 
$
(0.03
)

 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Income
 
 
 
Per
 
Income
 
 
 
Per
 
(loss)
 
Shares
 
Share
 
(loss)
 
Shares
 
Share
Loss from continuing operations
 
$
(16,055
)
 
48,817

 
$
(0.33
)
 
$
(34,447
)
 
48,397

 
$
(0.71
)
Dilutive effect of unvested restricted shares
 
—

 
—

 
 
 
—

 
—

 
 
Diluted loss from continuing operations
 
$
(16,055
)
 
48,817

 
$
(0.33
)
 
$
(34,447
)
 
48,397

 
$
(0.71
)
Diluted loss from discontinued operations
 
$
(131
)
 
48,817

 
$
—

 
$
(2,253
)
 
48,397

 
$
(0.05
)
 


8

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


Note 7.  Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
Our assets recorded at fair value have been categorized based upon a fair value hierarchy in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. We apply the following fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels.
 
Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access at the measurement date.
 
Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and quoted prices in inactive markets.
 
Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

Recurring Fair Value Measures
The tables below present the assets measured at fair value at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 categorized by the level of inputs used in the valuation of each asset.
 
 
As of September 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
 Assets
 
Significant 
Other
Observable
 Observable
Inputs
 
Significant
Unobservable 
Inputs
Description
 
Total
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
Cash equivalents(1)
 
$
12,961

 
$
12,961

 
$
—

 
$
—

Available for sale securities:(2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial services industry
 
3,099

 
—

 
3,099

 
—

REIT industry
 
349

 
—

 
349

 
—

Other
 
4,706

 
—

 
4,706

 
—

Total equity securities
 
8,154

 
—

 
8,154

 
—

Debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
International bond fund(3)
 
2,482

 
—

 
2,482

 
—

High yield fund(4)
 
2,545

 
—

 
2,545

 
—

Industrial bonds
 
6,565

 
—

 
6,565

 
—

Government bonds
 
11,218

 
7,078

 
4,140

 
—

Financial bonds
 
2,312

 
—

 
2,312

 
—

Other
 
11,036

 
—

 
11,036

 
—

Total debt securities
 
36,158

 
7,078

 
29,080

 
—

Total available for sale securities
 
44,312

 
7,078

 
37,234

 
—

Total
 
$
57,273

 
$
20,039

 
$
37,234

 
$
—


9

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


 
 
 
As of December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
 
Significant 
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
Significant
 Unobservable
Inputs
Description
 
Total
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
Cash equivalents(1)
 
5,936

 
5,936

 
 
 
 
Available for sale securities:(2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial services industry
 
3,746

 
3,746

 
—

 
—

REIT industry
 
270

 
270

 
—

 
—

Other
 
3,807

 
3,807

 
—

 
—

Total equity securities
 
7,823

 
7,823

 
—

 
—

Debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
International bond fund(3)
 
2,399

 
—

 
2,399

 
—

High yield fund(4)
 
2,245

 
—

 
2,245

 
—

Industrial bonds
 
6,007

 
—

 
6,007

 
—

Government bonds
 
16,612

 
8,661

 
7,951

 
—

Financial bonds
 
3,157

 
—

 
3,157

 
—

Other
 
11,340

 
—

 
11,340

 
—

Total debt securities
 
41,760

 
8,661

 
33,099

 
—

Total available for sale securities
 
49,583

 
16,484

 
33,099

 
—

Total
 
$
55,519

 
$
22,420

 
$
33,099

 
$
—

 
 
(1)
Cash equivalents consist of short term, highly liquid investments and money market funds held principally for obligations arising from our self insurance programs. Cash equivalents are reported in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as cash and cash equivalents and current and long term restricted cash.  Cash equivalents include $10,607 and $4,027 of balances that are restricted at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
 
(2)
As of September 30, 2016, our investments in available for sale securities had a fair value of $44,312 with an amortized cost of $41,486; the difference between the fair value and amortized cost amounts resulted from unrealized gains of $3,074, net of unrealized losses of $248. As of December 31, 2015, our investments in our available for sale securities had a fair value of $49,583 with an amortized cost of $48,040; the difference between the fair value and amortized cost amounts resulted from unrealized gains of $2,113, net of unrealized losses of $570. At September 30, 2016, 16 of the securities we hold, with a fair value of $4,272, have been in a loss position for less than 12 months and 10 of the securities we hold, with a fair value of $1,325, have been in a loss position for greater than 12 months. We do not believe these securities are impaired primarily because they have not been in a loss position for what we believe to be extended periods of time, the financial conditions of the issuers of these securities remain strong and exhibit solid fundamentals, we intend to hold these securities until recovery, and other factors that support our conclusion that the loss is temporary. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, we received gross proceeds of $13,508 and $6,469, respectively, in connection with the sales of available for sale securities and recorded gross realized gains totaling $423 and $41, respectively, and gross realized losses totaling $176 and $3, respectively. We record gains and losses on the sales of our available for sale securities using the specific identification method.

(3)
The investment strategy of this fund is to invest principally in fixed income securities issued by non-U.S. issuers. The fund invests in such securities or investment vehicles as it considers appropriate to achieve the fund’s investment objective, which is to provide an above average rate of total return while attempting to limit investment risk by investing in a diversified portfolio of U.S. dollar investment grade fixed income securities. There are no unfunded commitments and the investment can be redeemed weekly.
 
(4)
The investment strategy of this fund is to invest principally in fixed income securities. The fund invests in such securities or investment vehicles as it considers appropriate to achieve the fund’s investment objective, which is to provide an above average rate of total return while attempting to limit investment risk by investing in a diversified portfolio of primarily fixed income securities issued by companies with below investment grade ratings. There are no unfunded commitments and the investment can be redeemed weekly.
 
During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we did not change the type of inputs used to determine the fair value of any of our assets and liabilities that we measure at fair value.  Accordingly, there were no transfers of assets or liabilities between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
 
The carrying values of accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.  The carrying value and fair value of our mortgage notes payable were $60,856 and $66,394, respectively, as of September 30, 2016 and $62,203 and $65,999, respectively, as of December 31, 2015, and are categorized in Level 3 of

10

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


the fair value hierarchy in their entirety.  We estimate the fair values of our mortgage notes payable by using discounted cash flow analyses and currently prevailing market terms as of the measurement date. 

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measures
 
We review the carrying value of long lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Please see Note 3 for more information regarding fair value measurements related to impairments of our long lived assets in continuing operations.
 
The fair value of assets held for sale is determined based on the use of appraisals, input from market participants, our experience selling similar assets and/or internally developed cash flow models, all of which are considered to be Level 3 fair value measurements. Please see Note 11 for more information regarding impairments of our assets held for sale.
 
Note 8.  Indebtedness
We have a $100,000 secured revolving credit facility, or our Credit Facility, that is available for general business purposes, including acquisitions. In April 2016, we extended the maturity date of our Credit Facility to April 13, 2017, and we paid a fee of $300 in connection with this extension.  We are required to pay interest at an annual rate of LIBOR plus a premium of 250 basis points, or 3.03% as of September 30, 2016, on borrowings under our Credit Facility.  We are also required to pay a quarterly fee of 0.35% per annum on the unused part of our Credit Facility. We may draw, repay and redraw funds until maturity, and no principal repayment is due until maturity.  The weighted average annual interest rate for borrowings under our Credit Facility was 3.31% and 2.81% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  As of September 30, 2016, we had no borrowings outstanding and $87,671 available to borrow under our Credit Facility. We incurred interest expense and other associated costs related to our Credit Facility of $144 and $450 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $1,476 and $1,462 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
 
We are the borrower under our Credit Facility, and certain of our subsidiaries guarantee our obligations under our Credit Facility, which is secured by real estate mortgages on 10 senior living communities with 1,178 living units owned by our guarantor subsidiaries and our guarantor subsidiaries’ accounts receivable and related collateral. In connection with our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction with SNH, we reduced the aggregate commitments under our Credit Facility from $150,000 to $100,000 because, as part of that transaction, we sold to SNH five senior living communities that had been collateral under our Credit Facility prior to the sale. The amount of available borrowings under our Credit Facility is subject to our having qualified collateral, which is primarily based on the value of the properties securing our obligations under our Credit Facility. Accordingly, the availability of borrowings under our Credit Facility at any time may be less than $100,000.  Our Credit Facility provides for acceleration of payment of all amounts outstanding upon the occurrence and continuation of certain events of default, including a change of control of us, as defined.  Our Credit Facility contains a number of financial and other covenants, including covenants that restrict our ability to incur indebtedness or to pay dividends or make other distributions under certain circumstances and require us to maintain financial ratios and a minimum net worth. On October 17, 2016, ABP Trust and certain related parties requested the consent and waiver of the required lenders under our Credit Facility of any default or event of default resulting from their acquisition of more than 35% of the combined voting power of all our voting interests, which consent and waiver was obtained on October 21, 2016. Please see Note 10 for more information regarding the consent and waiver.
 
We previously had a $25,000 secured revolving line of credit that matured on March 18, 2016, which we determined not to extend or replace. We had no borrowings outstanding under this facility during either the nine months ended September 30, 2016 or 2015. We incurred associated costs related to this facility of $0 and $48 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $45 and $144 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
 
In June 2016, we initiated a so-called “step up” letter of credit for $11,700 as security for our workers’ compensation insurance program collateralized by approximately $8,000 in cash equivalents. This letter of credit matures in June 2017. We are required to increase the collateral under this letter of credit quarterly so that the stated amount of $11,700 is met by March 2017. The cash collateral is classified as short term restricted cash in our condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2016. At September 30, 2016, we had seven other irrevocable standby letters of credit outstanding, totaling $1,296, which secure certain of our other obligations. These letters of credit currently mature between May 2017 and September 2017 but are renewed annually. Our obligations under these letters of credit are secured by cash or cash equivalents.

11

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)



At September 30, 2016, six of our senior living communities were encumbered by mortgages with a carrying value of $60,856: (1) two of our communities were encumbered by Federal National Mortgage Association, or FNMA, mortgages; (2) two of our communities were encumbered by Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or FMCC, mortgages; and (3) two of our communities was encumbered by a mortgage from a commercial lender.  These mortgages contain standard mortgage covenants.  We recorded mortgage premiums in connection with our assumption of certain of these mortgages as part of our acquisitions of the encumbered communities in order to record the assumed mortgages at their estimated fair value. We are amortizing the mortgage premiums as a reduction of interest expense until the maturity of the respective mortgages.  The weighted average annual interest rate on these mortgages was 6.27% as of September 30, 2016.  Payments of principal and interest are due monthly under these mortgages until the maturities at varying dates ranging from June 2018 to September 2032.  We incurred mortgage interest expense, including premium amortization, of $806 and $607 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $2,425 and $1,988 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our mortgage debts require monthly payments into escrows for taxes, insurance and property replacement funds; certain withdrawals from escrows for our FNMA and FMCC mortgages require applicable FNMA and FMCC approval.
As of September 30, 2016, we believe we were in compliance with all applicable covenants under our Credit Facility and mortgage debts.
 
Note 9. Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have pledged our accounts receivable and certain other assets, with a carrying value as of September 30, 2016, of $15,144, arising from our operation of 25 communities owned by SNH and leased to us to secure SNH’s borrowings from its lender, FNMA.  As of September 30, 2016, we had no other off balance sheet arrangements that have had or that we expect would be reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
 
Note 10. Related Person Transactions
We have relationships and historical and continuing transactions with SNH, The RMR Group LLC, or RMR LLC, ABP Trust and others related to them, including other companies to which RMR LLC provides management services and which have trustees, directors and officers who are also our Directors or officers. For further information about these and other such relationships and certain other related person transactions, please refer to our Annual Report.
SNH: We were a 100% owned subsidiary of SNH until SNH distributed our common shares to its shareholders in 2001. As of September 30, 2016, SNH owned 4,235,000 of our common shares, or approximately 8.6% of our outstanding common shares.  SNH is currently our largest stockholder. We are SNH’s largest tenant and we manage certain senior living communities owned by SNH.
On June 29, 2016, we entered into a transaction agreement, or the Transaction Agreement, and related agreements, or, collectively, the Transaction Documents, with SNH.  Pursuant to the Transaction Documents, among other things, on June 29, 2016, we and SNH completed a sale and leaseback transaction with respect to certain senior living communities we owned and amended the pooling arrangements related to our management of certain of the senior living communities we manage for the account of SNH.  Significant terms of the Transaction Documents are summarized below.
•
Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, SNH purchased seven senior living communities we owned for an aggregate purchase price of $112,350, and we and SNH simultaneously entered into a new long term lease agreement, or the New Lease, whereby SNH has leased those seven senior living communities to us. 
•
Pursuant to the New Lease, we are required to pay SNH initial annual rent of $8,426, plus, beginning in 2018, percentage rent equal to 4% of the amount by which gross revenues, as defined in the New Lease, of each community exceeds gross revenues of such community in 2017.  The initial term of the New Lease expires on December 31, 2028, subject to our options to extend the term of the New Lease for two consecutive 15-year terms. Pursuant to the New Lease, we may request that SNH purchase certain improvements to the communities in return for rent increases in accordance with the formula specified in the New Lease; however, SNH is not obligated to purchase such improvements and we are not required to sell them to SNH.  Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, SNH has the right, in connection with a financing or other capital raising transaction by it, to reassign one or more of the

12

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


communities covered by the New Lease to another existing or new long term lease agreement between us and SNH.  Other terms of the New Lease are substantially similar to those of our other four preexisting long term leases with SNH, such terms being described in our Annual Report, which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference. 
•
Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, our three then existing pooling agreements with SNH that combined for certain purposes certain of our management agreements with SNH for senior living communities that include assisted living units, or AL Management Agreements, were terminated, and we entered into 10 new pooling agreements with SNH, or the New Pooling Agreements.  Nine of the New Pooling Agreements combine six AL Management Agreements and one of the New Pooling Agreements currently combines five AL Management Agreements.  Each New Pooling Agreement combines various calculations of revenues and expenses from the operations of the applicable communities covered by each New Pooling Agreement. 
•
Pursuant to the New Pooling Agreements, the AL Management Agreements covered by each New Pooling Agreement generally provide us with a management fee equal to either 3% or 5% of the gross revenues realized at such communities plus reimbursement for our direct costs and expenses related to such communities, as well as an annual incentive fee equal to either 35% or 20% of the annual net operating income of such communities remaining after SNH realizes an annual minimum return equal to either 8% or 7% of its invested capital, or, in the case of nine communities, a specified amount plus 7% of SNH’s invested capital since December 31, 2015.  The calculations of our fees and of SNH’s annual minimum return related to any AL Management Agreement that became effective before May 2015 and had been pooled under one of the previously existing pooling agreements are generally the same as they were under the previously existing pooling agreements.  However, with respect to certain communities, SNH’s annual minimum return was reduced to 7%, and also, with respect to the nine communities referenced above, SNH’s annual minimum return was reset as of 2016 to specified amounts.  With regard to AL Management Agreements that became effective from and after May 2015, the management fee was changed to 5%, rather than the prior 3%, of the gross revenues realized at the applicable community, and the incentive fee was changed to 20%, rather than the prior 35%, of the annual net operating income of the applicable community remaining, in all cases after SNH realizes its requisite annual minimum return.  Pursuant to the New Pooling Agreements, SNH will pay us a fee for our management of capital expenditure projects equal to 3% of amounts funded by SNH.
•
The terms of the AL Management Agreements covered by the New Pooling Agreements expire between 2030 and 2039 and are subject to automatic renewals, unless earlier terminated or timely notices of nonrenewal are delivered.  The right that we and SNH each had under the AL Management Agreements that became effective from and after May 1, 2015 to terminate each such AL Management Agreement as of December 31, 2016 was eliminated pursuant to the applicable New Pooling Agreement.  We have a limited right under the AL Management Agreements to require underperforming communities to be sold, and SNH has the right to terminate all the AL Management Agreements subject to a New Pooling Agreement if it does not receive its annual minimum return under such New Pooling Agreement in each of three consecutive years, commencing with calendar year 2016, subject to certain cure rights that we have. 
•
The New Pooling Agreements collectively combine all AL Management Agreements except for the management agreement related to one assisted living community located in New York and the management agreement related to one assisted living community located in California, and, other than as described below, the terms of those management agreements were not amended as part of the transactions implemented by the Transaction Documents.  The terms of our existing pooling agreement with SNH that combines our management agreements with SNH for senior living communities that include only independent living units, and the terms of those management agreements, also were not amended as part of the transactions implemented by the Transaction Documents.
•
Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, we and SNH amended the management agreement for one California community so that the calculation of SNH’s annual minimum return under that agreement is fixed at $3,610 plus 7% of any amount funded by SNH for capital expenditures at this community since December 31, 2015.
Because of the continuing relationships between us and SNH, the terms of the Transaction Documents were negotiated and approved by special committees of our Board of Directors and SNH’s board of trustees composed solely of our Independent Directors and SNH’s independent trustees who are not also Directors or trustees of the other party, which committees were represented by separate counsel.

13

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 840, Leases, the sale and leaseback transaction with SNH described above qualifies for sale-leaseback accounting and we have classified the New Lease as an operating lease.  Accordingly, the carrying value of the senior living communities we sold to SNH of $29,706 was removed from our condensed consolidated balance sheets during the second quarter of 2016, and the gain generated from the sale of $82,644 was deferred and will be amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the initial term of the New Lease.  As of September 30, 2016, the short term part of the deferred gain in the amount of $6,609 is presented in other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet, and the long term part of $74,347 is presented separately in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.  We incurred transaction costs of approximately $750 in connection with the sale of the senior living communities to SNH, which amount was expensed in full during the three months ended June 30, 2016.
In September 2016, SNH acquired for $130 an additional living unit at a senior living community located in Florida that we lease from SNH. This living unit was added to the applicable lease and our annual rent payable to SNH increased by $10 in accordance with the terms of that lease.
In September 2016, we and SNH sold a vacant SNF located in Wisconsin that we leased from SNH for $248, and as a result of this sale, our annual rent payable to SNH decreased by $25 in accordance with the terms of the applicable lease.
As of September 30, 2016 and 2015, we leased 183 and 178 senior living communities from SNH, respectively. Our total annual rent payable to SNH as of September 30, 2016 and 2015 was $202,253 and $191,839, respectively, excluding percentage rent.  Our total rent expense (which includes rent for all communities we lease from SNH, including communities that we have classified as discontinued operations) under all of our leases with SNH, net of lease inducement amortization and the amortization of the deferred gain associated with the sale and leaseback transaction with SNH described above, was $49,904 and $49,025 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, and $148,675 and $146,941 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which amounts included estimated percentage rent of $1,364 and $1,371 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $4,219 and $4,194 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had outstanding rent due and payable to SNH of $18,198 and $17,497, respectively, which are presented in due to related persons in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. 
 
Pursuant to the terms of our leases with SNH, we sold $3,470 and $7,523 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $15,180 and $16,425 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, of improvements to communities leased from SNH. As a result, the annual rent payable by us to SNH increased by approximately $279 and $604 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $1,219 and $1,322 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. As of September 30, 2016, our property and equipment included $7,017 for similar improvements to communities leased from SNH that we expected to request SNH to purchase from us for an increase in future rent; however, SNH is not obligated to purchase these improvements.
Also in September 2016, SNH agreed to acquire two senior living communities with a combined 126 living units located in Illinois for $18,600, excluding closing costs. If these communities are acquired, we expect that we will lease these communities from SNH under one of our existing master leases with SNH. These acquisitions are subject to various conditions; accordingly, we cannot be sure that SNH will complete these acquisitions and that we will lease them, that the acquisitions and lease arrangements will not be delayed or that the terms will not change.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we began managing for the account of SNH three senior living communities SNH owns with an aggregate 288 living units. The terms under which we are managing these senior living communities are described above.
As of September 30, 2016 and 2015, we managed 63 and 60 senior living communities for the account of SNH, respectively. We earned management fees from SNH of $3,070 and $2,717 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $8,689 and $7,939 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. In addition, we earned fees for our management of capital expenditure projects at the communities we managed for the account of SNH of $266 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, which amount is included in management fee revenue in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.

In October 2016, SNH entered into an agreement to sell a former memory care building at an assisted living community in Florida that we have historically managed for the account of SNH. If this sale is completed, we expect that our management

14

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


agreement with SNH for this community will be terminated. This sale is subject to various conditions; accordingly, we cannot be sure that SNH will complete the sale.

In October 2016, we agreed to manage four senior living communities SNH owns with approximately 350 living units. We will manage these senior living communities pursuant to management agreements that will be added to an existing or new pooling agreement with terms consistent with the AL Management Agreements that became effective from and after May 2015 as described above. Our assumption of the management of these communities is subject to conditions and we cannot be sure that those conditions will be satisfied.
 
D&R Yonkers LLC:  In order to accommodate certain requirements of New York licensing laws, a part of one of the senior living communities owned by SNH that we manage is subleased by a subsidiary of SNH to D&R Yonkers LLC, and D&R Yonkers LLC is owned by SNH’s president and chief operating officer and our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. Pursuant to our management agreement with D&R Yonkers LLC, we earned management fees of $65 and $45 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $194 and $153 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
 
RMR LLC:  Pursuant to our business management agreement with RMR LLC, we recognized business management fees of $2,229 and $2,241, for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $6,715 and $6,511 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These amounts are included in general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. 
 
We have historically awarded share grants to certain RMR LLC employees under our equity compensation plans.  In addition, under our business management agreement we reimburse RMR LLC for our allocable costs for internal audit services.  The amounts recognized as expense for share grants to RMR LLC employees and internal audit costs were $55 and $50 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $261 and $351 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively; these amounts are included in general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
ABP Trust:  We lease our headquarters from a subsidiary of ABP Trust, which is the indirect controlling shareholder of RMR LLC and which is owned in part by one of our Managing Directors. Our rent expense for our headquarters was $420 and $400 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $1,372 and $1,247 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 
On October 6, 2016, a subsidiary of ABP Trust, or the Purchaser, commenced a partial tender offer, or the Offer, for up to 10,000,000 of our common shares at a price of $3.00 per share. On October 27, 2016, the Purchaser amended the Offer to increase the number of our common shares it is offering to purchase from 10,000,000 to 18,000,000. In connection with the Offer, on October 2, 2016, we entered into a Consent, Standstill, Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement, or the Consent Agreement, with the Purchaser, ABP Trust, Adam D. Portnoy and Barry M. Portnoy, or the Requesting Parties. Pursuant to the Consent Agreement, among other things, we granted the Requesting Parties and certain related persons exceptions to the ownership restrictions set forth in our charter and, for the purposes of the restrictions on transfers of our common shares set forth in our bylaws and applicable provisions of Maryland law, approved the Requesting Parties’ acquisition up to 18,000,000 of our common shares. The Consent Agreement provided certain conditions to the granting of those exceptions and approvals, including that the Requesting Parties obtain the written consent of SNH to our granting of the exceptions to the ownership restrictions set forth in our charter and a waiver of any default under our leases, management and other agreements with SNH arising or resulting from the Offer and that, if required, the Requesting Parties obtain a written waiver from the required lenders under our Credit Facility of any default or event of default thereunder arising or resulting from the acquisition by the Requesting Parties of 35% or more of the combined voting power of all our voting interests, for the benefit of us and the Requesting Parties, or the Lender Consent. The Requesting Parties obtained such consent and waiver from SNH, to which we are a beneficiary, on October 2, 2016. On October 17, 2016, the Requesting Parties requested the Lender Consent and, in connection with this request, on October 21, 2016, we entered into a letter agreement with the Requesting Parties pursuant to which they confirmed their agreement to reimburse us for all of our out-of-pocket fees and expenses reasonably incurred in connection with such request and acknowledged that the Lender Consent does not vary any terms or conditions of the Consent Agreement. Also on October 21, 2016, the required lenders granted the Lender Consent. The Consent Agreement also included standstill and lock-up provisions for our benefit related to the common shares acquired by the Requesting Parties, as further described in the Consent Agreement. Because of the continuing relationships among us and ABP Trust and its affiliates, the

15

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


terms of the Consent Agreement were negotiated and approved by a special committee of our Board composed solely of our Independent Directors and also were approved by the Independent Directors and our Board (with Barry M. Portnoy abstaining), voting separately. For additional information regarding the Offer and the Consent Agreement and related matters, please refer to our Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 filed with the SEC on October 6, 2016, as amended by Amendment No. 1 to Schedule 14D-9 filed with the SEC on October 28, 2016, or the Schedule 14D-9, and to our Current Reports on Form 8-K dated October 2, 2016 and October 17, 2016 filed with the SEC on October 6, 2016 and October 27, 2016, respectively.
AIC:  We and six other companies to which RMR LLC provides management services each own AIC in equal amounts. We and the other AIC shareholders participate in a combined property insurance program arranged and reinsured in part by AIC. We paid aggregate annual premiums, including taxes and fees, of approximately $4,595 in connection with this insurance program for the policy year ending June 30, 2017, which amount may be adjusted from time to time as we acquire and dispose of properties that are included in this insurance program.
As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, our investment in AIC had a carrying value of $7,110 and $6,827, respectively. These amounts are presented as an equity investment on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We recognized income (loss) of $13 and $(25) related to our investment in AIC for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $107 and $70 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our other comprehensive income (loss) includes our proportionate part of unrealized gains (losses) on securities which are owned by AIC of $80 and $(72) for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $175 and $(91) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Directors’ and Officers’ Liability Insurance: We, The RMR Group Inc., RMR LLC and certain companies to which RMR LLC provides management services participate in a combined directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy. In September 2016, we participated in a one year extension of this combined directors’ and officers’ insurance policy through September 2018. Our premium for this policy extension was approximately $79.

Note 11.  Discontinued Operations
In September 2016, we sold an assisted living community we owned with 32 living units located in Alabama for $225, excluding closing costs. As of September 30, 2016, we have no senior living communities classified as held for sale. We recorded long lived asset impairment charges of $325 for the three months ended March 31, 2016, to reduce the carrying value of this community to its estimated fair value, less costs to sell. During the three months ended June 30, 2016, in accordance with FASB ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment, we recorded a gain to increase the carrying value of this community based on an increase in the estimated fair value of this community, less costs to sell. Below is a summary of the operating results of our discontinued operations included in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Revenues
 
$
90

 
$
335

 
$
478

 
$
4,021

Expenses
 
(143
)
 
(876
)
 
(497
)
 
(5,577
)
Impairment on discontinued assets
 
—

 
(697
)
 
(112
)
 
(697
)
Loss from discontinued operations
 
$
(53
)
 
$
(1,238
)
 
$
(131
)
 
$
(2,253
)
 
Note 12.  Legal Proceedings and Claims
We have been, are currently, and expect in the future to be involved in claims, lawsuits, and regulatory and other governmental audits, investigations and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, some of which may involve material amounts. Also, the defense and resolution of these claims, lawsuits, and regulatory and other governmental audits, investigations and proceedings may require us to incur significant expense. We account for claim and litigation losses in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 450, Contingencies, or ASC 450. Under ASC 450, loss contingency provisions are recorded for probable and estimable losses at our best estimate of a loss or, when a best estimate cannot be made, at our estimate of the minimum loss. These estimates are often developed prior to knowing the amount of the ultimate loss, require the application of considerable judgment, and are refined as additional information becomes known. Accordingly, we are often initially unable to

16

FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)


develop a best estimate of loss and therefore the estimated minimum loss amount, which could be zero, is recorded; and then, as information becomes known, the minimum loss amount is updated, as appropriate. A minimum or best estimate amount may be increased or decreased when events result in a changed expectation.
 
As previously disclosed, as a result of our compliance program to review medical records related to our Medicare billing practices, during 2014 we discovered potentially inadequate documentation and other issues at one of our leased SNFs. This compliance review was not initiated in response to any specific complaint or allegation, but was a review of the type that we periodically undertake to test our own compliance with applicable Medicare billing rules. As a result of these discoveries, in February 2015, we made a voluntary disclosure of deficiencies to the United States Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Inspector General, or the OIG, pursuant to the OIG’s Provider Self-Disclosure Protocol. We completed our investigation and assessment of these matters and submitted a final supplemental disclosure to the OIG in May 2015. In June 2016, we settled this matter with the OIG and agreed to pay approximately $8,600 in exchange for a customary release but did not admit any liability.

We previously accrued a total liability of $10,100 related to this matter, all of which was accrued at December 31, 2015 and $0 and $3,600 of which we recognized as a revenue reserve or expense during the three and nine months ended September 2015, respectively.  As a result of the accrued liability exceeding the final settlement amount, we recorded an increase to earnings in our results of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2016 of approximately $1,500.  Of the total increase to earnings, $1,000 was recorded as an increase to senior living revenue and $500 as a decrease to other senior living operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations consistent with the classification of the original charge.
 
We were defendants in a lawsuit filed in the Superior Court of Maricopa County, Arizona by the estate of a former resident of a senior living community operated by us. The complaint asserted claims against us for pain and suffering as a result of improper treatment constituting violations of the Arizona Adult Protective Services Act and wrongful death. In May 2015, the jury rendered a decision in our favor on the wrongful death claim, and against us on the remaining claims, returning verdicts awarding damages of approximately $19,200, which consisted of $2,500 for pain and suffering and the remainder in punitive damages. In March 2016, pursuant to a settlement agreement we entered into with the plaintiff, $7,250 was paid to the plaintiff, of which $3,021 was paid by our liability insurer and the balance by us. We believe our liability insurer may be financially responsible for more than $3,021 and we are seeking additional payments from our liability insurer; however, we cannot predict the outcome of our on-going negotiations or potential future litigation with our liability insurer. As a result, we recorded a $4,229 charge during the three months ended December 31, 2015, which was included in other senior living operating expenses in our consolidated statements of operations.

Note 13.  Subsequent Event
In October 2016, we entered into an agreement to acquire an assisted living community with 63 living units located in Illinois for $7,900. We expect to fund this acquisition with cash on hand. We currently expect this transaction to close in 2016; however, this acquisition is subject to various conditions; accordingly, we cannot be sure that we will acquire this community, that the acquisition will not be delayed or that the terms of this acquisition will not change.

17


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or this Quarterly Report, and with our Annual Report.

GENERAL INDUSTRY TRENDS
During the past several years, weak economic conditions in many markets throughout the country have negatively affected many businesses within our industry and others. These conditions have resulted in, among other things, a decrease in our senior living communities’ occupancy, and it is unclear when these conditions may materially improve. Although many of the services that we provide to residents of our senior living communities are needs driven, some prospective residents may be deferring decisions to relocate to senior living communities in light of current economic circumstances.  In recent years, economic indicators reflect an improving housing market; however, it is unclear how sustainable the improvements will be and whether any such improvements will result in any increased demand for our services.  For the past two to three years, low capital costs appear to have encouraged increased senior living development, particularly in certain higher demand markets.  As the recently developed senior living communities begin operations, we expect to experience continuing challenges in maintaining or increasing occupancy at our senior living communities.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We have two operating segments: senior living communities and rehabilitation and wellness. In the senior living community segment, we operate for our own account or manage for the account of others independent living communities, assisted living communities and SNFs that are subject to centralized oversight and provide housing and services to elderly residents. Our rehabilitation and wellness operating segment does not meet any of the quantitative thresholds of a reportable segment as prescribed under FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, and therefore we have determined that our business is comprised of one reportable segment, senior living. All of our operations and assets are located in the United States, except for the operations of our Cayman Islands organized captive insurance company subsidiary, which participates in our workers’ compensation and professional and general liability insurance programs.

18

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



Key Statistical Data For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:
The following tables present a summary of our operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands, except average monthly rate)
 
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
%/bps
Change
 
Senior living revenue
 
$
277,410

 
$
279,685

 
$
(2,275
)
 
(0.8
)%
 
Management fee revenue
 
3,336

 
2,717

 
619

 
22.8
 %
 
Reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
 
63,965

 
62,170

 
1,795

 
2.9
 %
 
Total revenues
 
344,711

 
344,572

 
139

 
—
 %
 
Senior living wages and benefits
 
(137,190
)
 
(135,133
)
 
(2,057
)
 
(1.5
)%
 
Other senior living operating expenses
 
(70,890
)
 
(72,637
)
 
1,747

 
2.4
 %
 
Costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
 
(63,965
)
 
(62,170
)
 
(1,795
)
 
(2.9
)%
 
Rent expense
 
(50,625
)
 
(49,730
)
 
(895
)
 
(1.8
)%
 
General and administrative expenses
 
(18,542
)
 
(16,587
)
 
(1,955
)
 
(11.8
)%
 
Depreciation and amortization expense
 
(9,398
)
 
(8,419
)
 
(979
)
 
(11.6
)%
 
Goodwill impairment
 
—

 
(25,344
)
 
25,344

 
100.0
 %
 
Long lived asset impairment
 
(196
)
 
(145
)
 
(51
)
 
(35.2
)%
 
Interest, dividend and other income
 
237

 
238

 
(1
)
 
(0.4
)%
 
Interest and other expense
 
(945
)
 
(1,106
)
 
161

 
14.6
 %
 
Gain on sale of available for sale securities reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 
12

 
—

 
12

 
100.0
 %
 
Benefit from income taxes
 
934

 
236

 
698

 
(295.8
)%
 
Equity in earnings (losses) of an investee
 
13

 
(25
)
 
38

 
(152.0
)%
 
Loss from continuing operations
 
$
(5,844
)
 
$
(26,250
)
 
$
20,406

 
77.7
 %
 
Total number of communities (end of period):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owned and leased communities(1)
 
213

 
212

 
1

 
0.5
 %
 
Managed communities
 
63

 
60

 
3

 
5.0
 %
 
Number of total communities(1)
 
276

 
272

 
4

 
1.5
 %
 
Total number of living units (end of period):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owned and leased living units (1)(2)
 
22,947

 
23,099

 
(152
)
 
(0.7
)%
 
Managed living units (2)
 
8,402

 
8,211

 
191

 
2.3
 %
 
Number of total living units (1)(2)
 
31,349

 
31,310

 
39

 
0.1
 %
 
Owned and leased communities (1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Occupancy %(2)
 
83.8
%
 
85.0
%
 
n/a 

 
(120
)
bps
Average monthly rate(3)
 
$
4,608

 
$
4,567

 
$
41

 
0.9
 %
 
Percent of senior living revenue from Medicaid
 
11.5
%
 
11.4
%
 
n/a 

 
10

bps
Percent of senior living revenue from Medicare
 
9.9
%
 
10.6
%
 
n/a 

 
(70
)
bps
Percent of senior living revenue from private and other sources
 
78.6
%
 
78.0
%
 
n/a 

 
60

bps
 
 
(1) Excludes those senior living communities that we have classified as discontinued operations.
(2) For the three months ended September 30, 2016, the calculation of occupancy includes only living units categorized as in service; occupancy calculations for periods prior to 2016 included certain living units categorized as out of service.
(3) Average monthly rate is calculated by taking the average daily rate, which is defined as total operating revenues divided by occupied units during the period, and multiplying it by 30 days.

19

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



Comparable communities (senior living communities that we have owned, leased or managed and operated continuously since July 1, 2015):
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands, except average monthly rate)
 
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
%/bps
Change
 
Senior living revenue
 
$
276,357

 
$
278,010

 
$
(1,653
)
 
(0.6
)%
 
Management fee revenue
 
2,964

 
2,717

 
247

 
9.1
 %
 
Senior living wages and benefits
 
(136,932
)
 
(133,946
)
 
(2,986
)
 
(2.2
)%
 
Other senior living operating expenses
 
(70,639
)
 
(72,090
)
 
1,451

 
2.0
 %
 
Total number of communities (end of period):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owned and leased communities(1)
 
211

 
211

 
—

 
—
 %
 
Managed communities
 
60

 
60

 
—

 
—
 %
 
Number of total communities(1)
 
271

 
271

 
—

 
—
 %
 
Total number of living units (end of period):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owned and leased living units (1)(2)
 
22,796

 
22,940

 
(144
)
 
(0.6
)%
 
Managed living units (2)
 
8,101

 
8,211

 
(110
)
 
(1.3
)%
 
Number of total living units (1)(2)
 
30,897

 
31,151

 
(254
)
 
(0.8
)%
 
Owned and leased communities (1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Occupancy %(2)
 
83.7
%
 
85.2
%
 
n/a 

 
(150
)
bps
Average monthly rate(3)
 
$
4,625

 
$
4,562

 
$
63

 
1.4
 %
 
Percent of senior living revenue from Medicaid
 
11.6
%
 
11.1
%
 
n/a 

 
50

bps
Percent of senior living revenue from Medicare
 
9.9
%
 
10.6
%
 
n/a 

 
(70
)
bps
Percent of senior living revenue from private and other sources
 
78.5
%
 
78.3
%
 
n/a 

 
20

bps
 
 

(1) Excludes those senior living communities that we have classified as discontinued operations.
(2) For the three months ended September 30, 2016, the calculation of occupancy includes only living units categorized as in service; occupancy calculations for periods prior to 2016 included certain living units categorized as out of service.
(3) Average monthly rate is calculated by taking the average daily rate, which is defined as total operating revenues divided by occupied units during the period, and multiplying it by 30 days.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
Our senior living revenue decreased by 0.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to a decrease in occupancy, partially offset by an increase in average monthly rates to residents who pay privately for services.
 
Our management fee revenue increased by 22.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to an increase in the base management fee to 5% from 3% under our management agreements with SNH for certain senior living communities and additional fees for the management of capital expenditure projects by us at the senior living communities we manage for the account of SNH, each of which became effective as of July 1, 2016, an increase in the number of managed communities from 60 to 63 and an increase in average monthly rates to private pay residents, partially offset by a decrease in occupancy at our comparable managed communities.

Our reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities increased by 2.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to an increase in the number of managed communities from 60 to 63.
 
Our senior living wages and benefits increased by 1.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to annual wage increases, increases in employee health insurance costs and our acquisition of two senior living communities during the fourth quarter of 2015.
 
Our other senior living operating expenses, which include utilities, housekeeping, dietary, maintenance, insurance and community level administrative costs, decreased by 2.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to professional fees and other costs recorded in the 2015 period related to our Medicare compliance assessment at one of our SNFs, or the Compliance Assessment, partially offset by an increase in professional and general liability insurance expense.

Our rent expense increased by 1.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to additional rent related to senior living community capital improvements we sold to SNH since January 1, 2015 pursuant to our leases with SNH and an increase in the number of leased communities as a result of our June 2016 sale and

20

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



leaseback transaction, partially offset by rent reductions as a result of the sale of certain communities that we leased from SNH during 2015 and 2016.
 
Our general and administrative expenses increased by 11.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to increases in certain corporate wages and benefits, transaction costs relating to our acquisition and disposition activities, purchased services and professional fees.
 
Our depreciation and amortization expense increased by 11.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to our acquisition of two senior living communities during the fourth quarter of 2015 and capital expenditures (net of our sales of capital improvements to SNH), including depreciation costs related to our purchase of furniture and fixtures for owned senior living communities.

For the three months ended September 30, 2015, we recorded a non-cash charge for goodwill impairment of $25.3 million to write down the goodwill in our senior living reporting unit to its implied fair value.

For the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 we recorded non-cash charges for long lived asset impairment of $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, to reduce the carrying value of certain of our long lived assets to their estimated fair values.
 
Our interest, dividend and other income decreased by 0.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to lower investable cash and cash equivalents balances.
 
Our interest and other expense decreased by 14.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to the repayment of all of the outstanding borrowings under our Credit Facility with proceeds from our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction, partially offset by the assumption of a mortgage note in connection with our acquisition of two senior living communities during the fourth quarter of 2015.
 
Gain on sale of available for sale securities reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income represents our realized gain on investments.
 
For the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, we recognized income tax benefits from continuing operations of $0.9 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The benefits for income taxes increased primarily due to a reduction of estimated state tax expense resulting primarily from our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction with SNH.  For more information about our taxes, please see Note 5 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
 
Equity in earnings of an investee represents our proportionate share of earnings from AIC.
Discontinued operations:
We recorded a loss from discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 of $0.1 million compared to a loss of $1.2 million for the same period in 2015. We did not recognize any income tax expense or benefit from our discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2016 or 2015.  The losses in both periods were primarily due to losses incurred at assisted living communities and SNFs that we have sold.


21

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



Key Statistical Data For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:
The following tables present a summary of our operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:
(dollars in thousands, except average monthly rate)
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
%/bps
Change
 
Senior living revenue
 
$
836,523

 
$
832,793

 
$
3,730

 
0.4
 %
 
Management fee revenue
 
8,955

 
7,939

 
1,016

 
12.8
 %
 
Reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
 
186,378

 
180,082

 
6,296

 
3.5
 %
 
Total revenues
 
1,031,856

 
1,020,814

 
11,042

 
1.1
 %
 
Senior living wages and benefits
 
(408,886
)
 
(404,737
)
 
(4,149
)
 
(1.0
)%
 
Other senior living operating expenses
 
(212,565
)
 
(216,107
)
 
3,542

 
1.6
 %
 
Costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
 
(186,378
)
 
(180,082
)
 
(6,296
)
 
(3.5
)%
 
Rent expense
 
(150,837
)
 
(149,015
)
 
(1,822
)
 
(1.2
)%
 
General and administrative expenses
 
(54,218
)
 
(52,750
)
 
(1,468
)
 
(2.8
)%
 
Depreciation and amortization expense
 
(28,847
)
 
(24,637
)
 
(4,210
)
 
(17.1
)%
 
Goodwill impairment
 
—

 
(25,344
)
 
25,344

 
100.0
 %
 
Long lived asset impairment
 
(502
)
 
(145
)
 
(357
)
 
(246.2
)%
 
Interest, dividend and other income
 
766

 
701

 
65

 
9.3
 %
 
Interest and other expense
 
(3,957
)
 
(3,597
)
 
(360
)
 
(10.0
)%
 
Gain on early extinguishment of debt
 
—

 
692

 
(692
)
 
(100.0
)%
 
Gain on sale of available for sale securities reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
 
247

 
38

 
209

 
550.0
 %
 
Provision for income taxes
 
(2,841
)
 
(348
)
 
(2,493
)
 
(716.4
)%
 
Equity in earnings of an investee
 
107

 
70

 
37

 
52.9
 %
 
Loss from continuing operations
 
$
(16,055
)
 
$
(34,447
)
 
$
18,392

 
53.4
 %
 
Total number of communities (end of period):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owned and leased communities(1)
 
213

 
212

 
1

 
0.5
 %
 
Managed communities
 
63

 
60

 
3

 
5.0
 %
 
Number of total communities(1)
 
276

 
272

 
4

 
1.5
 %
 
Total number of living units (end of period):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owned and leased living units (1)(2)
 
22,947

 
23,099

 
(152
)
 
(0.7
)%
 
Managed living units (2)
 
8,402

 
8,211

 
191

 
2.3
 %
 
Number of total living units (1)(2)
 
31,349

 
31,310

 
39

 
0.1
 %
 
Owned and leased communities (1):
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Occupancy %(2)
 
84.4
%
 
85.2
%
 
n/a 

 
(80
)
bps
Average monthly rate(3)
 
$
4,640

 
$
4,594

 
$
46

 
1.0
 %
 
Percent of senior living revenue from Medicaid
 
11.5
%
 
11.1
%
 
n/a 

 
40

bps
Percent of senior living revenue from Medicare
 
10.1
%
 
11.3
%
 
n/a 

 
(120
)
bps
Percent of senior living revenue from private and other sources
 
78.4
%
 
77.6
%
 
n/a 

 
80

bps
 
 

(1) Excludes those senior living communities that we have classified as discontinued operations.
(2) For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the calculation of occupancy includes only living units categorized as in service; occupancy calculations for periods prior to 2016 included certain living units categorized as out of service.
(3) Average monthly rate is calculated by taking the average daily rate, which is defined as total operating revenues divided by occupied units during the period, and multiplying it by 30 days.


22

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



Comparable communities (senior living communities that we have owned, leased or managed and operated continuously since January 1, 2015):
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands, except average monthly rate)
 
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
%/bps
Change
 
Senior living revenue
 
$
831,962

 
$
827,723

 
$
4,239

 
0.5
 %
 
Management fee revenue
 
8,207

 
7,516

 
691

 
9.2
 %
 
Senior living wages and benefits
 
(406,822
)
 
(401,032
)
 
(5,790
)
 
(1.4
)%
 
Other senior living operating expenses
 
(210,624
)
 
(214,344
)
 
3,720

 
1.7
 %
 
Total number of communities (end of period):
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Owned and leased communities (1)
 
211

 
211

 
0

 
—
 %
 
Managed communities
 
46

 
46

 
0

 
—
 %
 
Number of total communities(1)
 
257

 
257

 
0

 
—
 %
 
Total number of living units (end of period):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owned and leased living units (1)(2)
 
22,796

 
22,940

 
(144
)
 
(0.6
)%
 
Managed living units
 
7,217

 
7,330

 
(113
)
 
(1.5
)%
 
Number of total living units (1)(2)
 
30,013

 
30,270

 
(257
)
 
(0.8
)%
 
Owned and leased communities (1):
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Occupancy %(2)
 
84.3
%
 
85.4
%
 
n/a 

 
(110
)
bps
Average monthly rate(3)
 
$
4,649

 
$
4,588

 
$
61

 
1.3
 %
 
Percent of senior living revenue from Medicaid
 
11.4
%
 
10.8
%
 
n/a 

 
60

bps
Percent of senior living revenue from Medicare
 
10.2
%
 
11.3
%
 
n/a 

 
(110
)
bps
Percent of senior living revenue from private and other sources
 
78.4
%
 
77.9
%
 
n/a 

 
50

bps
 
 

(1 ) Excludes those senior living communities that we have classified as discontinued operations.
(2) For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the calculation of occupancy includes only living units categorized as in service; occupancy calculations for periods prior to 2016 included certain living units categorized as out of service.
(3 ) Average monthly rate is calculated by taking the average daily rate, which is defined as total operating revenues divided by occupied units during the period, and multiplying it by 30 days.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
Our senior living revenue increased by 0.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to an increase in average monthly rates to residents who pay privately for services, a $1.0 million reversal in revenue reserves recorded in the 2016 period as a result of the final settlement amount of the Compliance Assessment being less than the previously estimated amount, a $2.4 million revenue reserve recorded in the 2015 period related to the Compliance Assessment and an increase in the number of communities compared to the same period in 2015, partially offset by a decrease in occupancy.
Our management fee revenue increased by 12.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 primarily due to an increase in the base management fee to 5% from 3% under our management agreements with SNH for certain senior living communities and additional fees for the management of capital expenditure projects at the senior living communities we manage for the account of SNH, each of which became effective as of July 1, 2016, an increase in the number of managed communities from 60 to 63 and an increase in average monthly rates to private pay residents, partially offset by a decrease in occupancy at our comparable managed communities.
Our reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities increased by 3.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to an increase in the number of managed communities from 60 to 63.

Our senior living wages and benefits increased by 1.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to annual wage increases, increases in employee health insurance costs and our acquisition of two senior living communities during the fourth quarter of 2015, partially offset by decreases in workers' compensation insurance costs.
 
Our other senior living operating expenses, which include utilities, housekeeping, dietary, maintenance, insurance and community level administrative costs, decreased by 1.6% primarily due to a $0.5 million reversal in accrued liability for estimated penalties related to the Compliance Assessment and professional fees and other costs we incurred during the 2015 period related to the Compliance Assessment, partially offset by transaction costs we incurred primarily related to our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction and increased professional and general liability insurance expense.

23

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations




Our rent expense increased by 1.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to additional rent related to senior living community capital improvements we sold to SNH since January 1, 2015 pursuant to our leases with SNH and an increase in the number of leased communities as a result of our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction, partially offset by rent reductions as a result of the sale of certain communities that we leased from SNH during 2015 and 2016.
 
Our general and administrative expenses increased by 2.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to increases in certain corporate wages and benefits, transaction costs relating to our acquisition and disposition activities, purchased services and professional fees.
 
Our depreciation and amortization expense increased by 17.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to our acquisition of two senior living communities during the fourth quarter of 2015 and capital expenditures (net of our sales of capital improvements to SNH), including depreciation costs related to our purchase of furniture and fixtures for owned senior living communities.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, we recorded a non-cash charge for goodwill impairment of $25.3 million to write down the goodwill in our senior living reporting unit to its implied fair value.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 we recorded non-cash charges for long lived asset impairment of $0.5 million and $0.1 million, respectively, to reduce the carrying value of certain of our long lived assets to their estimated fair values.
 
Our interest, dividend and other income increased by 9.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to higher investable cash and cash equivalents balances. Our interest and other expense increased by 10.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 primarily due to the assumption of a mortgage note in connection with our acquisition of two senior living communities during the fourth quarter of 2015 and increased borrowings under our Credit Facility for the first six months of 2016, partially offset by the repayment of all of the outstanding borrowings under our Credit Facility with proceeds from our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction.
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, we recorded a gain on early extinguishment of debt of $0.7 million in connection with the prepayment of one of our mortgage notes.
 
Gain on sale of available for sale securities reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income represents our realized gain on investments.
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, we recognized a provision for income taxes from continuing operations of $2.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The provision for income taxes increased primarily due to the taxes on the gain we realized for tax purposes in connection with our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction.  For more information about our taxes, please see Note 5 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
 
Equity in earnings of an investee represents our proportionate share of earnings from AIC.
Discontinued operations:
We recorded a loss from discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 of $0.1 million compared to a loss of $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.  The loss from discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 includes impairment charges recorded at a senior living community included in discontinued operations, partially offset by a gain to increase the carrying value of this community based on an increase in the estimated fair value of this community, less costs to sell. The loss from discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was primarily due to losses incurred at assisted living communities and SNFs that have been sold.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As of September 30, 2016, we had $43.2 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and $87.7 million available to borrow under our Credit Facility.  Our Credit Facility matures on April 13, 2017; although we intend to refinance or replace our Credit Facility on or before its maturity, we cannot be sure that we will be able to do so or what the terms or timing of any such refinancing or replacement might be. We expect to use the cash flows from our operations, our cash balances, borrowings under our Credit Facility or any replacement credit facility, proceeds from our sales to SNH of qualified capital improvements we may make to communities that we lease from SNH for increased rent pursuant to our leases to fund our operations, debt

24

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



funding obligations, investments in and maintenance of our senior living communities, future acquisitions and other general business purposes. We have also in the past incurred debt in addition to our Credit Facility, engaged in sale and leaseback transactions, assumed mortgage debt in connection with certain of our acquisitions and mortgage financed our properties and we may do so in the future. We believe such amounts will be sufficient to fund these activities for the next 12 months and for the foreseeable future thereafter.  If, however, we are unable to replace or refinance our Credit Facility, our occupancies continue to decline, the non-government payment rates we receive for our services decline, government reimbursement rates are reduced and we are unable to generate positive cash flows for an extended period, or for other reasons, we expect that we would explore alternatives to fund our operations.  Such alternatives may include reducing our costs, incurring debt under, and perhaps in addition to, our Credit Facility or a replacement credit facility, if any, mortgage financing our owned communities that are not subject to existing mortgages and issuing new debt or equity securities. We may also elect to pursue such funding sources for other business reasons, including to grow our business.
Assets and Liabilities
At September 30, 2016, we had cash and cash equivalents of $43.2 million compared to $14.7 million at December 31, 2015. Our total current assets at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were $147.8 million and $112.1 million, respectively.  Our total current and long term liabilities were $186.9 million and $173.7 million, respectively, at September 30, 2016 compared to $243.9 million and $103.4 million, respectively, at December 31, 2015. The increase in our cash and cash equivalents as well as the increase in our total current assets primarily relates to the $112.4 million of net proceeds received from our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction.  The decrease in our total current liabilities primarily relates to our repayment of outstanding borrowings under our Credit Facility, a settlement payment from us and our insurer related to our Arizona litigation matter, a payment made to the OIG in connection with the settlement of the Compliance Assessment and timing differences in our payables and accrued costs. The increase in our total long term liabilities primarily relates to the long term deferred gain we recorded in connection with our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction.
 
We had cash flows used in operating activities of $7.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to cash flows provided by operating activities of $35.7 million for the same period in 2015. The decrease in our cash flows from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was primarily due to a payment made in connection with the settlement of the Arizona litigation matter, a payment made to the OIG in connection with the settlement of the Compliance Assessment and timing of other payables made by us before the period ended September 30, 2016 and lower operating income before non-cash goodwill charges. We had cash flows provided by investing activities of $86.6 million compared to cash flows used in investing activities of $29.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The increase in cash provided by investing activities was due to the $112.4 million of net proceeds received from our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction.  Acquisitions of property and equipment, on a net basis after considering the proceeds from sales of such assets to SNH, were $25.6 million and $24.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  We had cash flows used in financing activities of $51.2 million and $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The increase in cash flows used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was due to the repayment of $75.0 million of outstanding borrowings under our Credit Facility primarily with a part of the proceeds from our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction.
Our Leases and Management Agreements with SNH
 
In April, May and July 2016, we began managing for the account of SNH three senior living communities SNH owns located in North Carolina, Georgia and Alabama with 87, 38 and 163 living units, respectively. We are managing these communities pursuant to separate management agreements on terms substantially consistent with our other management agreements with SNH for senior living communities that include assisted living units.
 
In June 2016, we entered into a sale and leaseback transaction with SNH, whereby SNH purchased seven senior living communities we then owned and simultaneously leased those communities back to us pursuant to a new master lease agreement. We are required to pay initial annual rent of $8.4 million under the new master lease. The initial term of the new master lease expires on December 31, 2028, and we have options to extend the term of the new master lease for two consecutive 15-year terms.
 
As of September 30, 2016, we leased 183 senior living communities from SNH under five leases.  Our total annual rent payable to SNH as of September 30, 2016 was $202.3 million, excluding percentage rent based on increases in gross revenues at certain communities.  Our total rent expense under all of our leases with SNH, net of lease inducement amortization and the amortization of the deferred gain associated with the sale and leaseback transaction, was $49.9 million and $49.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $148.7 million and $146.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which included approximately $1.4 million in estimated percentage rent due

25

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



to SNH for each of the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, and approximately $4.2 million for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015.
 
Upon our request, SNH may purchase capital improvements made at the communities we lease from SNH and increase our rent pursuant to contractual formulas; however, SNH is not obligated to purchase these improvements from us. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we sold to SNH $15.2 million of capital improvements made at the communities we lease from SNH and these purchases resulted in our annual rent being increased by approximately $1.2 million. 
 
For more information regarding our leases and management agreements with SNH, please see Note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report, and Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of our Annual Report.
 
Acquisition and Disposition Activity
 
In June 2016, we sold seven senior living communities to SNH for $112.4 million, excluding closing costs. These seven senior living communities have an aggregate of 545 living units and are located in four states; North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia.  
 
In September 2016, we sold an assisted living community we owned with 32 living units located in Alabama for $0.2 million, excluding closing costs. As of September 30, 2016, we have no senior living communities classified as held for sale.

In September 2016, we and SNH sold a vacant SNF located in Wisconsin for approximately $0.2 million, and as a result of this sale, our annual rent payable to SNH decreased by approximately $25,000 in accordance with the terms of the applicable lease.

In September 2016, SNH acquired for $0.1 million an additional living unit at a senior living community located in Florida we lease from SNH. This living unit was added to the applicable lease and our annual rent payable to SNH increased by approximately $10,000 in accordance with the terms of that lease.

Also in September 2016, SNH entered into an agreement to acquire two senior living communities with a combined 126 living units located in Illinois for $18.6 million, excluding closing costs. If these communities are acquired, we expect to lease these communities from SNH under one of our existing master leases with SNH. These acquisitions are subject to various conditions; accordingly, we cannot be sure that SNH will complete the acquisitions and that we will lease them, that the acquisitions and lease arrangements will not be delayed or that the terms will not change.

In October 2016, we entered into an agreement to acquire an assisted living community with 63 living units located in Illinois for $7.9 million. We expect to fund this acquisition with cash on hand. We currently expect this transaction to close in 2016; however, this acquisition is subject to various conditions; accordingly, we cannot be sure that we will acquire this community, that the acquisition will not be delayed or that the terms of this acquisition will not change.

In October 2016, we agreed to manage four senior living communities SNH owns with approximately 350 living units. We will manage these senior living communities pursuant to management agreements that will be added to an existing or new pooling agreement with terms consistent with the AL Management Agreements that became effective from and after May 2015 as described in Note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report. Our assumption of the management of these communities is subject to conditions and we cannot be sure that those conditions will be satisfied.

Our Revenues
 
Our revenues from services to residents at our senior living communities are our primary source of cash to fund our operations, including rent, capital expenditures (net of capital improvements that we sell to SNH for increased rent pursuant to our leases with SNH) and principal and interest payments on our debt.

During the past several years, weak economic conditions throughout the country have negatively affected many businesses both in and outside of our industry. These conditions have resulted in, among other things, a decrease in our senior living communities’ occupancy, and it is unclear when these conditions may materially improve. Although many of the services that we provide are needs driven, some of our prospective residents may be deferring their decisions to relocate to senior living communities in light of current economic circumstances. In recent years, economic indicators reflect an improving housing market; however, it is unclear how sustainable the improvements will be and whether any such improvements will result in any increased demand for our services. For the past two to three years, low capital costs appear to have encouraged increased

26

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



senior living development, particularly in certain higher demand markets. As the recently developed senior living communities begin operations, we expect to have continuing challenges to maintain or increase occupancies and the rates we charge at our senior living communities.

At some of our senior living communities (principally our SNFs) and our rehabilitation and wellness clinics, Medicare and Medicaid programs provide operating revenues for skilled nursing, rehabilitation and wellness services.  We derived approximately 21.6% and 22.4% of our total revenues from continuing operations from these programs during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our net Medicare revenues from services to senior living community residents from continuing operations totaled $83.2 million and $92.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our net Medicaid revenues from services to senior living community residents from continuing operations totaled $93.9 million and $91.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 
 
Because of the current and projected federal budget deficit, other federal spending priorities and challenging state fiscal conditions, there have been numerous recent legislative and regulatory actions or proposed actions with respect to federal Medicare rates, state Medicaid rates and federal payments to states for Medicaid programs. We cannot currently predict the type and magnitude of the potential Medicare and Medicaid policy changes, rate reductions or other changes that may cause these government funded healthcare programs to not increase rates to match our increasing expenses, but such changes may be adverse and material to our operations and to our future financial results.

On July 29, 2016, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or CMS, adopted a final rule updating Medicare payments to SNFs for federal fiscal year 2017, which CMS estimates will increase payments to SNFs by an aggregate of 2.4% compared to payments in federal fiscal year 2016. Due to the previous reduction of Medicare payment rates of approximately 11.1% for federal fiscal year 2012, Medicare payment rates are expected to be lower for federal fiscal year 2017 than they were in federal fiscal year 2011. The final rule also includes regulations to implement the SNF quality reporting program beginning in federal fiscal year 2018 and the SNF value-based purchasing program beginning in federal fiscal year 2019. The SNF quality reporting program will subject SNFs that fail to timely comply with the reporting requirements to a 2.0% reduction in their annual updated Medicare payment rates as required by the Improving Medicare Post-Acute Transformation Act of 2014, or the IMPACT Act.  The SNF value-based purchasing program will provide incentive payments to SNFs for quality and efficiency, as required by the Protecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014.

On September 28, 2016, CMS issued a final rule to update the requirements for long term care facilities that participate in Medicare and Medicaid, including our SNFs. The final rule, which is effective beginning on November 28, 2016, institutes a broad range of new requirements, some of which stem from statutory modifications under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, or collectively, the ACA, and the IMPACT Act. The requirements under the final rule largely match those set forth in the proposed rule, which was released by CMS on July 13, 2015. These requirements will increase the cost of operations for long term care facilities that participate in Medicare and Medicaid, including our SNFs. Specifically, CMS now estimates in the final rule that the cost of complying with all of the new requirements per facility would be approximately $62,900 in the first year, and approximately $55,000 each year thereafter. However, we believe new requirements often cost considerably more than CMS estimates.

On October 14, 2016, CMS issued a final rule to implement the Merit-Based Incentive System, or MIPS, and Advanced Alternative Payment Models, or APMs, which together CMS calls the Quality Payment Program.  These reforms were mandated under the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act and replace the Sustainable Growth Rate methodology for updates to the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule, or MPFS.  Starting in 2019, providers may be subject to either MIPS payment adjustments or APM incentive payments.  MIPS is a new Medicare program that combines certain parts of existing quality and incentive programs into a single program that addresses quality, resource use, clinical practice activities and meaningful use of electronic health records.  APMs are innovative models approved by CMS for paying healthcare providers for services provided to Medicare beneficiaries which draw on existing programs, such as the bundled payment and shared savings models.  Our Medicare Part B outpatient therapy revenue rates are tied to the MPFS and may be affected by these regulatory changes.

For more information regarding the government healthcare funding and regulation of our business, please see the sections captioned “Business-Government Regulation and Reimbursement” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Our Revenues” in our Annual Report and the section captioned “Impact of Government Reimbursement” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and June 30, 2016.

Debt Financings and Covenants
During June and July 2016, we used part of the net proceeds from our June 2016 sale and leaseback transaction to repay outstanding borrowings under our Credit Facility.  As of September 30, 2016, we had no amounts outstanding under our Credit

27

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



Facility and $60.9 million of outstanding mortgage debt, and we believe we were in compliance with all applicable covenants under our debt agreements. As of November 2, 2016, we continue to have no amounts outstanding under our Credit Facility.
In April 2016, we extended the maturity date of our Credit Facility to April 13, 2017, and we paid a fee of $0.3 million in connection with this extension. We cannot be sure that we will be successful in renewing, refinancing or replacing our Credit Facility when it expires and any such renewal, refinancing or replacement may be on terms less favorable to us than the current terms. For more information regarding our debt financings and covenants, please see Note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have pledged our accounts receivable and certain other assets, with a carrying value, as of September 30, 2016, of $15.1 million arising from our operation of 25 communities owned by SNH and leased to us to secure SNH’s borrowings from its lender, FNMA.  As of September 30, 2016, we had no other off balance sheet arrangements that have had or that we expect would be reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
Related Person Transactions
We have relationships and historical and continuing transactions with SNH, RMR LLC, ABP Trust and others related to them. For example, SNH is our former parent company, our largest landlord and the owner of senior living communities that we manage and SNH is currently our largest stockholder; RMR LLC provides management services to both us and to SNH and RMR LLC employs certain of our and SNH’s executive officers; we lease our headquarters from ABP Trust, the indirect controlling shareholder of RMR LLC, which is owned in part by one of our Managing Directors and a subsidiary of which recently commenced a partial tender offer for up to 18,000,000 of our common shares; and we and six other companies to which RMR LLC provides management services own in equal amounts AIC, an insurance company, and we participate in a combined property insurance program arranged and reinsured in part by AIC. For further information about these and other such relationships and related person transactions, please see “Our Leases and Management Agreements with SNH” above, Note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our Annual Report, our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, our Current Reports on Form 8-K dated June 29, 2016, October 2, 2016, October 17, 2016 and November 1, 2016, the Schedule 14D-9 and our other filings with the SEC. In addition, please see the section captioned “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and of our Annual Report for a description of risks that may arise as a result of these and other related person transactions and relationships. Our filings with the SEC and copies of certain of our agreements with these related parties are publicly available as exhibits to our public filings with the SEC and accessible at the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. We may engage in additional transactions with related persons, including RMR LLC and companies to which RMR LLC or its affiliates provide management services.
Seasonality
Our senior living business is subject to modest effects of seasonality. During the calendar fourth quarter holiday periods, SNF and assisted living residents are sometimes discharged to join family celebrations and relocations and admission decisions are often deferred. The first quarter of each calendar year usually coincides with increased illness among SNF and assisted living residents which can result in increased costs or discharges to hospitals. As a result of these factors, SNF and assisted living operations sometimes produce greater earnings in the second and third quarters of a calendar year and lower earnings in the first and fourth quarters. We do not believe that this seasonality will cause fluctuations in our revenues or operating cash flows to such an extent that we will have difficulty paying our expenses, including rent, which do not fluctuate seasonally.


28



Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk affecting us, see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report.  Our exposure to market risks has not changed materially from that set forth in our Annual Report.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, our management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.  Based upon that evaluation, our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
 
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

29



WARNING CONCERNING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
THIS QUARTERLY REPORT CONTAINS STATEMENTS THAT CONSTITUTE FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995 AND OTHER SECURITIES LAWS.  ALSO, WHENEVER WE USE WORDS SUCH AS “BELIEVE”, “EXPECT”, “ANTICIPATE”, “INTEND”, “PLAN”, “ESTIMATE”, “WILL”, “MAY” AND NEGATIVES OR DERIVATIVES OF THESE OR SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS, WE ARE MAKING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS.  THESE FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE BASED UPON OUR PRESENT INTENT, BELIEFS OR EXPECTATIONS, BUT FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE NOT GUARANTEED TO OCCUR AND MAY NOT OCCUR.  FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS IN THIS REPORT RELATE TO VARIOUS ASPECTS OF OUR BUSINESS, INCLUDING:
 
•
OUR ABILITY TO OPERATE OUR SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES PROFITABLY,
•
OUR ABILITY TO COMPLY AND TO REMAIN IN COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE MEDICARE, MEDICAID AND OTHER FEDERAL AND STATE REGULATORY, RULE MAKING AND RATE SETTING REQUIREMENTS,
•
OUR ABILITY TO MEET OUR RENT AND DEBT OBLIGATIONS,
•
OUR ABILITY TO RAISE DEBT OR EQUITY CAPITAL,
 
•
OUR ABILITY TO COMPETE FOR ACQUISITIONS EFFECTIVELY, TO OPERATE ADDITIONAL SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES AND TO SELL COMMUNITIES WE OFFER FOR SALE,
 
•
THE FUTURE AVAILABILITY OF BORROWINGS UNDER OUR CREDIT FACILITY AND OUR ABILITY TO EXTEND, REFINANCE OR REPLACE OUR CREDIT FACILITY PRIOR TO ITS EXPIRATION,
•
OUR EXPECTATION THAT WE BENEFIT FROM OUR OWNERSHIP OF AIC AND OUR PARTICIPATION IN INSURANCE PROGRAMS ARRANGED BY AIC,
 
•
THE IMPACT OF THE ACA AND OTHER EXISTING OR PROPOSED LEGISLATION OR REGULATIONS ON US, AND
•
OTHER MATTERS.
 
OUR ACTUAL RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE CONTAINED IN OR IMPLIED BY OUR FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS AS A RESULT OF VARIOUS FACTORS. FACTORS THAT COULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS AND UPON OUR BUSINESS, RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, FINANCIAL CONDITION, CASH FLOWS, LIQUIDITY AND PROSPECTS INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO:
 
•
CHANGES IN MEDICARE OR MEDICAID POLICIES, INCLUDING THOSE THAT MAY RESULT FROM THE IMPACT OF THE ACA AND OTHER EXISTING OR PROPOSED LEGISLATION OR REGULATIONS, WHICH COULD RESULT IN REDUCED MEDICARE OR MEDICAID RATES OR A FAILURE OF SUCH RATES TO COVER OUR COSTS,
•
THE IMPACT OF CHANGES IN THE ECONOMY AND THE CAPITAL MARKETS ON US AND OUR RESIDENTS AND OTHER CUSTOMERS,
•
COMPETITION WITHIN THE SENIOR LIVING SERVICES BUSINESS,
•
INCREASES IN INSURANCE AND TORT LIABILITY COSTS,
•
INCREASES IN OUR LABOR COSTS OR IN COSTS WE PAY FOR GOODS AND SERVICES,
•
ACTUAL AND POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST WITH OUR RELATED PARTIES, INCLUDING OUR MANAGING DIRECTORS, SNH, RMR LLC, ABP TRUST, AIC AND OTHERS AFFILIATED WITH THEM,

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•
DELAYS OR NONPAYMENTS OF GOVERNMENT PAYMENTS TO US THAT COULD RESULT FROM GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWNS OR OTHER CIRCUMSTANCES,
•
COMPLIANCE WITH, AND CHANGES TO, FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS THAT COULD AFFECT OUR SERVICES OR IMPOSE REQUIREMENTS, COSTS AND ADMINISTRATIVE BURDENS THAT MAY REDUCE OUR ABILITY TO PROFITABLY OPERATE OUR BUSINESS, AND
•
ACTS OF TERRORISM, OUTBREAKS OF SO CALLED PANDEMICS OR OTHER MANMADE OR NATURAL DISASTERS BEYOND OUR CONTROL.

FOR EXAMPLE:
•
WE BELIEVE THAT OUR LIABILITY INSURER MAY BE FINANCIALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR MORE THAN IT HAS PAID IN CONNECTION WITH OUR SETTLEMENT OF THE ARIZONA LITIGATION AND WE ARE SEEKING ADDITIONAL PAYMENTS FROM OUR LIABILITY INSURER. HOWEVER, OUR LIABILITY INSURER HAS DENIED COVERAGE FOR ANY ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS. WE CANNOT PREDICT THE OUTCOME OF OUR ON GOING NEGOTIATIONS OR ANY POTENTIAL FUTURE LITIGATION WITH OUR LIABILITY INSURER, AND ANY POTENTIAL LITIGATION BETWEEN US AND OUR LIABILITY INSURER MAY ITSELF BE EXPENSIVE,
•
THE VARIOUS GOVERNMENTS WHICH PAY US FOR THE SERVICES WE PROVIDE TO SOME OF OUR RESIDENTS ARE CURRENTLY EXPERIENCING BUDGETARY CONSTRAINTS AND MAY LOWER THE MEDICARE, MEDICAID AND OTHER RATES THEY PAY US. BECAUSE WE OFTEN CANNOT LOWER THE QUALITY OF THE SERVICES WE PROVIDE TO MATCH THE AVAILABLE MEDICARE, MEDICAID AND OTHER RATES WE ARE PAID, WE MAY EXPERIENCE LOSSES AND SUCH LOSSES MAY BE MATERIAL,
•
WE MAY ENTER INTO ADDITIONAL LEASE OR MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS WITH SNH FOR ADDITIONAL SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES THAT SNH OWNS OR MAY ACQUIRE IN THE FUTURE OR OTHER TRANSACTIONS WITH SNH. HOWEVER, WE CANNOT BE SURE THAT WE AND SNH WILL ENTER INTO ANY ADDITIONAL LEASES, MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS OR OTHER TRANSACTIONS,
•
OUR ABILITY TO OPERATE NEW SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES PROFITABLY DEPENDS UPON MANY FACTORS, INCLUDING OUR ABILITY TO INTEGRATE NEW COMMUNITIES INTO OUR EXISTING OPERATIONS AND SOME FACTORS WHICH ARE BEYOND OUR CONTROL SUCH AS THE DEMAND FOR OUR SERVICES ARISING FROM ECONOMIC CONDITIONS GENERALLY AND COMPETITION FROM OTHER PROVIDERS OF SENIOR LIVING SERVICES. WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO SUCCESSFULLY INTEGRATE NEW COMMUNITIES OR OPERATE AND MANAGE NEW COMMUNITIES PROFITABLY,
•
OUR BELIEF THAT THE AGING OF THE U.S. POPULATION WILL INCREASE DEMAND FOR SENIOR LIVING SERVICES MAY NOT BE REALIZED OR MAY NOT RESULT IN INCREASED DEMAND FOR OUR SERVICES,
•
AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2016, WE HAD $43.2 MILLION OF CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND $87.7 MILLION OF REMAINING AVAILABILITY UNDER OUR CREDIT FACILITY. IN ADDITION, WE HAVE SOLD IMPROVEMENTS TO SNH IN THE PAST AND EXPECT TO REQUEST TO SELL ADDITIONAL IMPROVEMENTS TO SNH FOR INCREASED RENT PURSUANT TO OUR LEASES WITH SNH. THESE STATEMENTS MAY IMPLY THAT WE HAVE SUFFICIENT CASH LIQUIDITY. HOWEVER, OUR OPERATIONS AND BUSINESS REQUIRE SIGNIFICANT AMOUNTS OF WORKING CASH AND REQUIRE US TO MAKE SIGNIFICANT CAPITAL EXPENDITURES TO MAINTAIN OUR COMPETITIVENESS. FURTHER, SNH IS NOT OBLIGATED TO PURCHASE IMPROVEMENTS WE MAY MAKE TO THE LEASED COMMUNITIES. ACCORDINGLY, WE MAY NOT HAVE SUFFICIENT CASH LIQUIDITY,

•
IN RECENT YEARS ECONOMIC INDICATORS REFLECT AN IMPROVING HOUSING MARKET AND MANY OF THE SERVICES WE PROVIDE ARE NEEDS DRIVEN.  THESE FACTORS MAY IMPLY THAT ECONOMIC CONDITIONS WILL IMPROVE AND THAT OUR REVENUES AND PROFITABILITY WILL IMPROVE.  HOWEVER, WE CANNOT BE SURE THAT GENERAL ECONOMIC CONDITIONS WILL IMPROVE, THAT THERE EXISTS ANY PENT UP DEMAND FOR SERVICES WE PROVIDE OR THAT, EVEN IF THERE IS SUCH DEMAND, THAT WE WOULD BE SUCCESSFUL IN ATTRACTING SUCH DEMAND, OR THAT OUR REVENUES AND PROFITS WILL IMPROVE. FURTHER, SOME ECONOMIC INDICATORS MAY INDICATE

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DECLINING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, WHICH COULD BE HARMFUL TO OUR BUSINESS AND CAUSE US TO EXPERIENCE CONTINUING LOSSES,
•
RESIDENTS WHO PAY FOR OUR SERVICES WITH THEIR PRIVATE RESOURCES MAY BECOME UNABLE TO AFFORD OUR SERVICES WHICH COULD RESULT IN DECREASED OCCUPANCY AND DECREASED REVENUES AT OUR SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES AND OUR INCREASED RELIANCE ON LOWER RATES FROM GOVERNMENTS AND OTHER PAYERS,
•
WE MAY BE UNABLE TO REPAY OUR DEBT OBLIGATIONS WHEN THEY BECOME DUE,
•
THE AMOUNT OF AVAILABLE BORROWINGS UNDER OUR CREDIT FACILITY IS SUBJECT TO OUR HAVING QUALIFIED COLLATERAL, WHICH IS PRIMARILY BASED ON THE VALUE OF OUR ASSETS SECURING OUR OBLIGATIONS UNDER THAT FACILITY. ACCORDINGLY, THE AVAILABILITY OF BORROWINGS UNDER OUR CREDIT FACILITY AT ANY TIME MAY BE LESS THAN $100.0 MILLION.  ADDITIONALLY, THE AVAILABILITY OF BORROWINGS UNDER OUR CREDIT FACILITY IS SUBJECT TO OUR SATISFYING CERTAIN FINANCIAL COVENANTS AND OTHER CUSTOMARY CONDITIONS THAT WE MAY BE UNABLE TO SATISFY,
•
ACTUAL COSTS UNDER OUR CREDIT FACILITY WILL BE HIGHER THAN LIBOR PLUS A PREMIUM BECAUSE OF OTHER FEES AND EXPENSES ASSOCIATED WITH THAT FACILITY,
•
OUR CREDIT FACILITY MATURES ON APRIL 13, 2017; ALTHOUGH WE INTEND TO REFINANCE OR REPLACE OUR CREDIT FACILITY ON OR BEFORE ITS MATURITY, WE CANNOT BE SURE THAT WE WILL BE ABLE TO DO SO OR WHAT THE TERMS OR TIMING OF ANY SUCH REFINANCING OR REPLACEMENT MIGHT BE,
•
CONTINGENCIES IN OUR AND SNH’S ACQUISITION AND SALE AGREEMENTS MAY NOT BE SATISFIED AND ANY PENDING ACQUISITIONS AND/OR SALES AND ANY RELATED LEASES OR MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS MAY NOT OCCUR, MAY BE DELAYED OR THE TERMS OF SUCH TRANSACTIONS MAY CHANGE,
•
OUR SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES ARE SUBJECT TO EXTENSIVE GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION, LICENSURE AND OVERSIGHT. WE SOMETIMES EXPERIENCE DEFICIENCIES IN THE OPERATION OF OUR SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES AND SOME OF OUR COMMUNITIES MAY BE PROHIBITED FROM ADMITTING NEW RESIDENTS OR OUR LICENSE TO CONTINUE OPERATIONS AT A COMMUNITY MAY BE REVOKED. ALSO, OPERATING DEFICIENCIES OR A LICENSE REVOCATION AT ONE OR MORE OF OUR SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES MAY HAVE AN ADVERSE IMPACT ON OUR ABILITY TO OBTAIN LICENSES FOR, OR ATTRACT RESIDENTS TO, OUR OTHER COMMUNITIES,
•
WE BELIEVE THAT OUR RELATIONSHIPS WITH OUR RELATED PARTIES, INCLUDING SNH, RMR LLC, ABP TRUST, AIC AND OTHERS AFFILIATED WITH THEM MAY BENEFIT US AND PROVIDE US WITH COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES IN OPERATING AND GROWING OUR BUSINESS. HOWEVER, THE ADVANTAGES WE BELIEVE WE MAY REALIZE FROM THESE RELATIONSHIPS MAY NOT MATERIALIZE, AND
•
THIS QUARTERLY REPORT STATES THAT THE TERMS OF THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS WITH SNH AND OF THE CONSENT AGREEMENT WITH ABP TRUST AND OTHERS WERE NEGOTIATED AND APPROVED BY SPECIAL COMMITTEES OF OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS COMPOSED SOLELY OF OUR INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS.  AN IMPLICATION OF THESE STATEMENTS MAY BE THAT THE TERMS OF THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS AND OF THE CONSENT AGREEMENT ARE EQUIVALENT TO THOSE THAT COULD BE OBTAINED IN “ARM’S LENGTH” NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN UNRELATED PARTIES.  WE AND SNH ARE RELATED BECAUSE, AMONG OTHER THINGS, SNH IS OUR LARGEST LANDLORD AND IS CURRENTLY OUR LARGEST STOCKHOLDER, AND WE AND ABP TRUST ARE RELATED BECAUSE ABP TRUST IS THE INDIRECT CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDER OF OUR MANAGER, RMR LLC, AND IS OWNED IN PART BY ONE OF OUR MANAGING DIRECTORS, AND BECAUSE WE HAVE LEASING ARRANGEMENTS WITH A SUBSIDIARY OF ABP TRUST.  ACCORDINGLY, THE TERMS OF THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS AND THE CONSENT AGREEMENT DESCRIBED HEREIN MAY NOT BE EQUIVALENT TO THOSE THAT COULD BE OBTAINED IN “ARM’S LENGTH” NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN UNRELATED PARTIES.


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CURRENTLY UNEXPECTED RESULTS COULD OCCUR DUE TO MANY DIFFERENT CIRCUMSTANCES, SOME OF WHICH ARE BEYOND OUR CONTROL, SUCH AS ACTS OF TERRORISM, NATURAL DISASTERS, CHANGED MEDICARE AND MEDICAID RATES, NEW LEGISLATION, REGULATIONS OR RULE MAKING AFFECTING OUR BUSINESS, OR CHANGES IN CAPITAL MARKETS OR THE ECONOMY GENERALLY.
 
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED ELSEWHERE IN THIS QUARTERLY REPORT AND IN OUR ANNUAL REPORT OR IN OUR OTHER FILINGS WITH THE SEC, INCLUDING UNDER THE CAPTION “RISK FACTORS”, OR INCORPORATED HEREIN OR THEREIN, IDENTIFIES OTHER IMPORTANT FACTORS THAT COULD CAUSE DIFFERENCES FROM OUR FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS. OUR FILINGS WITH THE SEC ARE AVAILABLE ON THE SEC’S WEBSITE AT WWW.SEC.GOV.
 
YOU SHOULD NOT PLACE UNDUE RELIANCE UPON OUR FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS.
 
EXCEPT AS REQUIRED BY LAW, WE DO NOT INTEND TO UPDATE OR CHANGE ANY FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS AS A RESULT OF NEW INFORMATION, FUTURE EVENTS OR OTHERWISE.


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PART II.  Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
 
There have been no material developments in our legal proceedings from those disclosed in our Annual Report. For a description of certain recent litigation, please see Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.

Item 1A. Risk Factors
 
Our business faces many risks, a number of which are described under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, or our Second Quarter Report, and below. The risks so described may not be the only risks we face. Additional risks of which we are not yet aware, or that we currently believe are immaterial, may also materially and adversely impact our business operations or financial results. If any of the events or circumstances described in the risk factors contained in our Annual Report or Second Quarter Report or described below occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely impacted and the trading price of our securities could decline. Investors and prospective investors should consider the risks described in our Annual Report, our Second Quarter Report and below and the information contained under the heading “Warning Concerning Forward Looking Statements” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report before deciding whether to invest in our securities.
 
Our bylaws designate the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland or, if that court does not have jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, Baltimore Division, as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our Directors, officers, manager or agents.
 
Our bylaws currently provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland, or if that court does not have jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, Baltimore Division, will be the sole and exclusive forum for: (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (2) any action asserting a claim for breach of a duty owed by any Director, officer, manager, agent or employee of ours to us or our stockholders; (3) any action asserting a claim against us or any Director, officer, manager, agent or employee of ours arising pursuant to the Maryland General Corporation Law, our charter or bylaws brought by or on behalf of a stockholder; or (4) any action asserting a claim against us or any Director, officer, manager, agent or employee of ours that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine of the State of Maryland. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that the stockholder believes is favorable for disputes with us or our Directors, officers, manager or agents, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our Directors, officers, manager or agents. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in our shares of common stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to this provision of our bylaws, as they may be amended from time to time. This provision of our bylaws does not abrogate or supersede other provisions of our bylaws dealing with the arbitration of certain disputes affecting us.

Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
3.1
 
Composite Copy of Articles of Amendment and Restatement, dated December 5, 2001, as amended to date. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.)
3.2
 
Articles Supplementary, as corrected by Certificate of Correction, dated March 19, 2004. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s registration statement on Form 8-A dated March 19, 2004 and the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2004, respectively, File Number 001-16817.)
3.3
 
Articles Supplementary, dated April 16, 2014. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 16, 2014.)
3.4
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, adopted September 7, 2016. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 7, 2016.)
4.1
 
Form of Common Stock Certificate. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.)
10.1
 
Consent, Standstill, Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement, dated October 2, 2016, among the Company, ABP Trust, ABP Acquisition LLC, Barry M. Portnoy and Adam D. Portnoy. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 2, 2016.)

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10.2
 
Partial Termination of and Ninth Amendment to Amended and Restated Master Lease Agreement (Lease No. 2), dated as of September 29, 2016, among certain subsidiaries of the Company, as tenant, and certain subsidiaries of Senior Housing Properties Trust, as landlord. (Filed herewith.)
31.1
 
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer. (Filed herewith.)
31.2
 
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer. (Filed herewith.)
32.1
 
Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. (Furnished herewith.)
99.1
 
Letter Agreement, dated October 21, 2016, among the Company and ABP Trust, ABP Acquisition LLC, Barry M. Portnoy and Adam D. Portnoy. (Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 17, 2016.)
99.2
 
Letter Agreement, dated October 28, 2016, between the Company and Senior Housing Properties Trust. (Filed herewith.)
101.1
 
The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016 formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) related notes to these financial statements, tagged as blocks of text and in detail. (Filed herewith.)


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
FIVE STAR QUALITY CARE, INC.
 
/s/ Bruce J. Mackey Jr.
 
Bruce J. Mackey Jr.
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
Dated: November 3, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Richard A. Doyle
 
Richard A. Doyle
 
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 
Dated: November 3, 2016


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