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EX-32 - CERTIFICATION OF CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICE - Travel & Leisure Co.wyn-ex32_2016930xq3.htm
EX-31.2 - CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER - Travel & Leisure Co.wyn-ex312_2016930xq3.htm
EX-31.1 - CERTIFICATION OF CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER - Travel & Leisure Co.wyn-ex311_2016930xq3.htm
EX-15 - LETTER RE: UNAUDITED INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION - Travel & Leisure Co.wyn-ex15_2016930xq3.htm
EX-12 - COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES - Travel & Leisure Co.wyn-ex12_2016930xq3.htm
EX-10.1 - SEVENTH AMENDMENT, DATED AUGUST 23, 2016, INDENTURE AND SERVICING AGREEMENT - Travel & Leisure Co.wyn-ex101_2016930xq3.htm


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
þ
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2016
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from         to        
Commission file number. 001-32876
Wyndham Worldwide Corporation
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware
 
20-0052541
(State or Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
 
22 Sylvan Way
 
07054
Parsippany, New Jersey
 
(Zip Code)
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
 
(973) 753-6000
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
None
(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ     No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
þ
Accelerated filer
o
Non-accelerated filer
o
Smaller reporting company
o
 
 
 
 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes o    No þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the last practicable date:
107,776,539 shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2016.




Table of Contents

 
 
Page
PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
 




PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Wyndham Worldwide Corporation

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Wyndham Worldwide Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of September 30, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of cash flows and equity for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.

We conducted our reviews in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to such consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, equity and cash flows for the year then ended prior to retrospective adjustments for a change in the Company’s method of presentation of debt issuance costs and deferred taxes (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 12, 2016, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. We also audited the adjustments described in Note 1 that were applied to retrospectively adjust the December 31, 2015 consolidated balance sheet of Wyndham Worldwide Corporation and subsidiaries (not presented herein). In our opinion, such adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied to the previously issued consolidated balance sheet in deriving the accompanying retrospectively adjusted consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015.


/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Parsippany, New Jersey
October 26, 2016




WYNDHAM WORLDWIDE CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In millions, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)


 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Net revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service and membership fees
$
735

 
$
734

 
$
2,001

 
$
1,957

Vacation ownership interest sales
441

 
448

 
1,191

 
1,201

Franchise fees
203

 
192

 
513

 
517

Consumer financing
112

 
108

 
327

 
318

Other
82

 
82

 
247

 
231

Net revenues
1,573

 
1,564

 
4,279

 
4,224


Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating
679

 
691

 
1,915

 
1,865

Cost of vacation ownership interests
47

 
43

 
115

 
123

Consumer financing interest
19

 
18

 
55

 
55

Marketing and reservation
242

 
218

 
645

 
624

General and administrative
173

 
200

 
545

 
562

Asset impairment

 
7

 

 
7

Restructuring
14

 
8

 
14

 
8

Depreciation and amortization
63

 
59

 
187

 
173

Total expenses
1,237

 
1,244

 
3,476

 
3,417


Operating income
336

 
320

 
803

 
807

Other (income)/expense, net
(3
)
 
(3
)
 
(19
)
 
(11
)
Interest expense
34

 
33

 
102

 
89

Early extinguishment of debt

 

 
11

 

Interest income
(2
)
 
(2
)
 
(6
)
 
(7
)
Income before income taxes
307

 
292

 
715

 
736

Provision for income taxes
110

 
102

 
267

 
265

Net income
197

 
190

 
448

 
471

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
 

Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
$
196

 
$
190

 
$
447

 
$
471


Earnings per share
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
1.79

 
$
1.62

 
$
4.03

 
$
3.96

Diluted
1.78

 
1.61

 
4.01

 
3.93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash dividends declared per share
$
0.50

 
$
0.42

 
$
1.50

 
$
1.26



See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2

WYNDHAM WORLDWIDE CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In millions)
(Unaudited)


 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Net income
$
197

 
$
190

 
$
448

 
$
471

Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustments
11

 
(39
)
 
19

 
(95
)
Unrealized (losses)/gains on cash flow hedges
(1
)
 
4

 

 
4

Defined benefit pension plans

 

 
(1
)
 

Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax
10

 
(35
)
 
18

 
(91
)
Comprehensive income
207

 
155

 
466

 
380

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
 

Comprehensive income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
$
206

 
$
155

 
$
465

 
$
380



See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

WYNDHAM WORLDWIDE CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except share data)
(Unaudited)



 
September 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Assets
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
332

 
$
171

Trade receivables, net
542

 
586

Vacation ownership contract receivables, net
264

 
272

Inventory
287

 
295

Prepaid expenses
153

 
153

Other current assets
265

 
266

Total current assets
1,843

 
1,743

Long-term vacation ownership contract receivables, net
2,496

 
2,438

Non-current inventory
1,027

 
964

Property and equipment, net
1,358

 
1,399

Goodwill
1,549

 
1,563

Trademarks, net
724

 
726

Franchise agreements and other intangibles, net
380

 
397

Other non-current assets
366

 
361

Total assets
$
9,743

 
$
9,591

Liabilities and Equity
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Securitized vacation ownership debt
$
200

 
$
209

Current portion of long-term debt
33

 
44

Accounts payable
392

 
394

Deferred income
464

 
483

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
842

 
827

Total current liabilities
1,931

 
1,957

Long-term securitized vacation ownership debt
1,898

 
1,897

Long-term debt
3,318

 
3,031

Deferred income taxes
1,198

 
1,154

Deferred income
208

 
198

Other non-current liabilities
393

 
401

Total liabilities
8,946

 
8,638

Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)

 

Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, authorized 6,000,000 shares, none issued and outstanding

 

Common stock, $.01 par value, authorized 600,000,000 shares, issued 218,162,618 shares in 2016 and 217,534,615 shares in 2015
2

 
2

Treasury stock, at cost – 110,479,733 shares in 2016 and 103,730,568 shares in 2015
(4,968
)
 
(4,493
)
Additional paid-in capital
3,949

 
3,923

Retained earnings
1,866

 
1,592

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(56
)
 
(74
)
Total stockholders’ equity
793

 
950

Noncontrolling interest
4

 
3

Total equity
797

 
953

Total liabilities and equity
$
9,743

 
$
9,591


See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

WYNDHAM WORLDWIDE CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
(Unaudited)


 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
Operating Activities
 
 
 
Net income
$
448

 
$
471

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
187

 
173

Provision for loan losses
256

 
184

Deferred income taxes
73

 
32

Stock-based compensation
52

 
44

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
(8
)
 
(17
)
Asset impairment

 
7

Loss on early extinguishment of debt
11

 

Non-cash interest
17

 
17

Net change in assets and liabilities, excluding the impact of acquisitions:
 
 
 
Trade receivables
45

 
28

Vacation ownership contract receivables
(295
)
 
(213
)
Inventory
(21
)
 
(16
)
Prepaid expenses
(1
)
 
4

Other current assets
4

 
38

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities
46

 
75

Deferred income
(18
)
 
(12
)
Other, net
(10
)
 
2

Net cash provided by operating activities
786

 
817

Investing Activities
 
 
 
Property and equipment additions
(136
)
 
(157
)
Net assets acquired, net of cash acquired
(37
)
 
(97
)
Payments of development advance notes
(6
)
 
(7
)
Proceeds from development advance notes
2

 
7

Equity investments and loans
(11
)
 
(12
)
Proceeds from asset sales
15

 
24

Decrease in securitization restricted cash
4

 
3

Increase in escrow deposit restricted cash
(2
)
 
(8
)
Other, net
(1
)
 
3

Net cash used in investing activities
(172
)
 
(244
)
Financing Activities
 
 
 
Proceeds from securitized borrowings
1,497

 
1,204

Principal payments on securitized borrowings
(1,506
)
 
(1,259
)
Proceeds from long-term debt
75

 
82

Principal payments on long-term debt
(114
)
 
(128
)
Proceeds from/(repayments of) commercial paper, net
295

 
(102
)
Proceeds from term loan and notes issued
325

 
348

Repurchase of notes
(327
)
 

Proceeds from vacation ownership inventory arrangements
20

 
65

Repayments of vacation ownership inventory arrangements
(26
)
 
(5
)
Dividends to shareholders
(169
)
 
(153
)
Repurchase of common stock
(469
)
 
(485
)
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
8

 
17

Debt issuance costs
(15
)
 
(16
)
Net share settlement of incentive equity awards
(34
)
 
(42
)
Other, net
(2
)
 
(3
)
Net cash used in financing activities
(442
)
 
(477
)
Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
(11
)
 
(20
)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
161

 
76

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
171

 
183

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
332

 
$
259


See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

WYNDHAM WORLDWIDE CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(In millions)
(Unaudited)


 
Common Shares Outstanding
 
Common Stock
 
Treasury Stock
 
Additional Paid-in Capital
 
Retained Earnings
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/ Income
 
Non-controlling Interest
 
Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2015
114

 
$
2

 
$
(4,493
)
 
$
3,923

 
$
1,592

 
$
(74
)
 
$
3

 
$
953

Net income

 

 

 

 
447

 

 
1

 
448

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 
18

 

 
18

Issuance of shares for RSU vesting
1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net share settlement of incentive equity awards

 

 

 
(34
)
 

 

 

 
(34
)
Change in deferred compensation

 

 

 
52

 

 

 

 
52

Change in deferred compensation for Board of Directors

 

 

 
1

 

 

 

 
1

Repurchase of common stock
(7
)
 

 
(475
)
 

 

 

 

 
(475
)
Change in excess tax benefit on equity awards

 

 

 
8

 

 

 

 
8

Dividends

 

 

 

 
(173
)
 

 

 
(173
)
Other

 

 

 
(1
)
 

 

 

 
(1
)
Balance as of September 30, 2016
108


$
2


$
(4,968
)

$
3,949


$
1,866


$
(56
)

$
4

 
$
797



 
Common Shares Outstanding
 
Common Stock
 
Treasury Stock
 
Additional Paid-in Capital
 
Retained Earnings
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
 
Non-controlling Interest
 
Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2014
121

 
$
2

 
$
(3,843
)
 
$
3,889

 
$
1,183

 
$
24

 
$
2

 
$
1,257

Net income

 

 

 

 
471

 

 

 
471

Other comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 
(91
)
 

 
(91
)
Issuance of shares for RSU vesting
1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net share settlement of incentive equity awards

 

 

 
(42
)
 

 

 

 
(42
)
Change in deferred compensation

 

 

 
44

 

 

 

 
44

Repurchase of common stock
(6
)
 

 
(485
)
 

 

 

 

 
(485
)
Change in excess tax benefit on equity awards

 

 

 
17

 

 

 

 
17

Dividends

 

 

 

 
(153
)
 

 

 
(153
)
Other

 

 

 

 

 

 
1

 
1

Balance as of September 30, 2015
116

 
$
2

 
$
(4,328
)
 
$
3,908

 
$
1,501

 
$
(67
)
 
$
3

 
$
1,019



See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
6


WYNDHAM WORLDWIDE CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unless otherwise noted, all amounts are in millions, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

1.
Basis of Presentation
Wyndham Worldwide Corporation (“Wyndham” or the “Company”) is a global provider of hospitality services and products. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts and transactions of Wyndham, as well as the entities in which Wyndham directly or indirectly has a controlling financial interest. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In presenting the Consolidated Financial Statements, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and related disclosures. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. In management’s opinion, the Consolidated Financial Statements contain all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of interim results reported. The results of operations reported for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for the entire year or any subsequent interim period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2015 Consolidated Financial Statements included in its Annual Report filed on Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 12, 2016.

Business Description
The Company operates in the following business segments:
Hotel Group—primarily franchises hotels in the upscale, upper midscale, midscale, economy and extended stay segments and provides hotel management services for full-service and select limited-service hotels.
Destination Network—provides vacation exchange services and products to owners of intervals of vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) and manages and markets vacation rental properties primarily on behalf of independent owners.
Vacation Ownership—develops, markets and sells VOIs to individual consumers, provides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs and provides property management services at resorts.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Revenue from Contracts with Customers. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance on revenue from contracts with customers. The guidance outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. The guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. In re-deliberations, the FASB approved a one-year deferral of the effective date of this guidance, such that it will be effective on January 1, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. In July 2015, the FASB issued guidance related to simplifying the measurement of inventory. This guidance requires an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value, which consists of the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable cost of completion, disposal, and transportation. This guidance is effective prospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance which requires companies generally to recognize on the balance sheet operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

7


Compensation - Stock Compensation. In March 2016, the FASB issued guidance which is intended to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this guidance is expected to impact the Company's provision for income taxes on its Consolidated Statements of Income and its operating and financing cash flows on its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The magnitude of such impacts are dependent upon the Company's future grants of stock-based compensation, the Company's stock price in relation to the fair value of awards on grant date, and the exercise behavior of the Company's equity compensation holders.
Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance which amends the guidance on measuring credit losses on financial assets held at amortized cost. The guidance requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Statement of Cash Flows. In August 2016, the FASB issued guidance intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. This guidance requires retrospective transition method and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
Consolidation. In February 2015, the FASB issued guidance related to management’s evaluation of consolidation for certain legal entities. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2016, as required. There was no material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements resulting from the adoption.
Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement. In April 2015, the FASB issued guidance on determining whether a cloud computing arrangement contains a software license that should be accounted for as internal-use software. If a cloud computing arrangement does not contain a software license, it should be accounted for as a service contract. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2016, as required. There was no material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements resulting from the adoption.
Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. In April 2015, the FASB issued guidance on the presentation of debt issuance costs. The guidance requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. In August 2015, the FASB further clarified its issued guidance by stating that the SEC staff would not object to an entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangements. This guidance required retrospective application and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2016, as required. Refer to the table below for the retrospective effect on the December 31, 2015 Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments. In September 2015, the FASB issued guidance simplifying the accounting for measurement-period adjustments related to a business combination. The guidance requires that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2016, as required. There was no material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements resulting from the adoption.
Income Taxes. In November 2015, the FASB issued guidance on the balance sheet classification of deferred taxes. The guidance requires deferred tax assets and liabilities to be classified as non-current in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. This guidance may be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company early adopted the guidance on a retrospective basis on June 30, 2016. Refer to the table below for the retrospective effect on the December 31, 2015 Consolidated Balance Sheet.

8


The table below summarizes the changes to the Company’s December 31, 2015 Consolidated Balance Sheet as a result of the adoption of the following Accounting Standards Updates:
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Previously Reported Balance
 
Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs
 
Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes
 
Adjusted Balance
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred income taxes
 
$
126

 
$

 
$
(126
)
 
$

Total current assets
 
1,869

 

 
(126
)
 
1,743

Other non-current assets
 
360

 
(27
)
 
28

 
361

Total assets
 
9,716

 
(27
)
 
(98
)
 
9,591

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities and Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Long-term securitized vacation ownership debt
 
$
1,921

 
$
(24
)
 
$

 
$
1,897

Long-term debt
 
3,034

 
(3
)
 

 
3,031

Deferred income taxes
 
1,252

 

 
(98
)
 
1,154

Total liabilities
 
8,763

 
(27
)
 
(98
)
 
8,638

Total liabilities and equity
 
9,716

 
(27
)
 
(98
)
 
9,591


2.
Earnings Per Share
The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) is based on net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders divided by the basic weighted average number of common shares and diluted weighted average number of common shares, respectively.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS (in millions, except per share data):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
$
196

 
$
190

 
$
447

 
$
471

Basic weighted average shares outstanding
109

 
117

 
111

 
119

SSARs (a), RSUs (b) and PSUs (c)
1

 
1

 
1

 
1

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
110

 
118

 
112

 
120

Earnings per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
1.79

 
$
1.62

 
$
4.03

 
$
3.96

Diluted
1.78

 
1.61

 
4.01

 
3.93

Dividends:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aggregate dividends paid to shareholders
$
54

 
$
49

 
$
169

 
$
153


(a) 
Excludes stock-settled appreciation rights (“SSARs”) that would have been anti-dilutive to EPS.
(b) 
Includes unvested dilutive restricted stock units (“RSUs”) which are subject to future forfeitures.
(c) 
Excludes 0.6 million performance vested restricted stock units (“PSUs”) for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, as the Company has not met the required performance metrics.


9


Stock Repurchase Program

The following table summarizes stock repurchase activity under the current stock repurchase program (in millions, except per share data):
 
Shares
 
Cost
 
 Average Price Per Share
As of December 31, 2015
79.2

 
$
3,712

 
$
46.85

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016
6.8

 
475

 
70.35

As of September 30, 2016
86.0

 
$
4,187

 
48.70


The Company had $891 million of remaining availability under its program as of September 30, 2016. The total capacity of the program was increased by proceeds received from stock option exercises.

3.
Acquisitions
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations were recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the respective acquisition dates based upon their estimated fair values at such dates. The results of operations of businesses acquired by the Company have been included in the Consolidated Statements of Income since their respective dates of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed was allocated to goodwill. In certain circumstances, the allocations of the excess purchase price are based upon preliminary estimates and assumptions. Accordingly, the allocations may be subject to revision when the Company receives final information, including appraisals and other analyses. Any revisions to the fair values during the allocation period will be recorded by the Company as further adjustments to the purchase price allocations. Although, in certain circumstances, the Company has substantially integrated the operations of its acquired businesses, additional future costs relating to such integration may occur. These costs may result from integrating operating systems, relocating employees, closing facilities, reducing duplicative efforts and exiting and consolidating other activities. These costs will be recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Income as expenses.

During the third quarter of 2016, the Company completed five acquisitions for a total of $37 million in cash, net of cash acquired. The Company’s Destination Network segment completed three acquisitions for $20 million in cash, net of cash acquired. The preliminary purchase price allocations resulted primarily in the recognition of (i) $14 million of property and equipment, (ii) $11 million of definite-lived intangible assets with a weighted average life of 8 years, (iii) $10 million of goodwill, the majority of which is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes and (iv) $15 million of liabilities. Additionally, the Company’s Vacation Ownership segment completed two acquisitions for $17 million. The preliminary purchase price allocations resulted primarily in the recognition of $15 million of property and equipment. These acquisitions were not material to the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

4.
Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consisted of:
 
As of September 30, 2016
 
As of December 31, 2015
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
Unamortized Intangible Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Goodwill
$
1,549

 
 
 
 
 
$
1,563

 
 
 
 
    Trademarks
$
721

 
 
 
 
 
$
723

 
 
 
 
Amortized Intangible Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Franchise agreements
$
594

 
$
397

 
$
197

 
$
594

 
$
386

 
$
208

    Management agreements
153

 
52

 
101

 
153

 
46

 
107

    Trademarks
9

 
6

 
3

 
8

 
5

 
3

    Other
143

 
61

 
82

 
148

 
66

 
82

 
$
899

 
$
516

 
$
383

 
$
903

 
$
503

 
$
400



10


The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:
 
Balance as of December 31, 2015
 
Goodwill Acquired During 2016
 
Foreign
Exchange
 
Balance as of September 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hotel Group
$
329

 
$

 
$

 
$
329

Destination Network
1,207

 
10

 
(24
)
 
1,193

Vacation Ownership
27

 

 

 
27

Total Company
$
1,563

 
$
10

 
$
(24
)
 
$
1,549


Amortization expense relating to amortizable intangible assets was as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Franchise agreements
$
3

 
$
3

 
$
11

 
$
11

Management agreements
3

 
3

 
8

 
7

Other
3

 
4

 
9

 
10

Total (*)
$
9

 
$
10

 
$
28

 
$
28

 
(*)  
Included as a component of depreciation and amortization on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Based on the Company's amortizable intangible assets as of September 30, 2016, the Company expects related amortization expense as follows:
 
Amount
Remainder of 2016
$
9

2017
37

2018
36

2019
35

2020
33

2021
32



11


5.
Vacation Ownership Contract Receivables
The Company generates vacation ownership contract receivables by extending financing to the purchasers of its VOIs. Current and long-term vacation ownership contract receivables, net consisted of:
 
September 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Current vacation ownership contract receivables:
 
 
 
Securitized
$
238

 
$
248

Non-securitized
84

 
81

Current vacation ownership receivables, gross
322

 
329

Less: Allowance for loan losses
58

 
57

Current vacation ownership contract receivables, net
$
264

 
$
272

Long-term vacation ownership contract receivables:
 
 
 
Securitized
$
2,214

 
$
2,214

Non-securitized
843

 
748

Long-term vacation ownership receivables, gross
3,057

 
2,962

Less: Allowance for loan losses
561

 
524

Long-term vacation ownership contract receivables, net
$
2,496

 
$
2,438


During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company’s securitized vacation ownership contract receivables generated interest income of $83 million and $247 million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, such amounts were $83 million and $248 million, respectively. Such interest income is included within consumer financing on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Principal payments that are contractually due on the Company’s vacation ownership contract receivables during the next twelve months are classified as current on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company originated vacation ownership contract receivables of $908 million and $818 million, respectively, and received principal collections of $613 million and $605 million, respectively. The weighted average interest rate on outstanding vacation ownership contract receivables was 13.9% and 13.8% as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

The activity in the allowance for loan losses on vacation ownership contract receivables was as follows:
 
Amount
Allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2015
$
581

Provision for loan losses
256

Contract receivables write-offs, net
(218
)
Allowance for loan losses as of September 30, 2016
$
619

 
Amount
Allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2014
$
581

Provision for loan losses
184

Contract receivables write-offs, net
(181
)
Allowance for loan losses as of September 30, 2015
$
584

In accordance with the guidance for accounting for real estate time-sharing transactions, the Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $104 million and $256 million as a reduction of net revenues during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, and $78 million and $184 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively.


12


Credit Quality for Financed Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses
The basis of the differentiation within the identified class of financed VOI contract receivables is the consumer’s FICO score. A FICO score is a branded version of a consumer credit score widely used within the U.S. by the largest banks and lending institutions. FICO scores range from 300850 and are calculated based on information obtained from one or more of the three major U.S. credit reporting agencies that compile and report on a consumer’s credit history. The Company updates its records for all active VOI contract receivables with a balance due on a rolling monthly basis to ensure that all VOI contract receivables are scored at least every six months. The Company groups all VOI contract receivables into five different categories: FICO scores ranging from 700 to 850, 600 to 699, Below 600, No Score (primarily comprised of consumers for whom a score is not readily available, including consumers declining access to FICO scores and non U.S. residents) and Asia Pacific (comprised of receivables in the Company’s Wyndham Vacation Resort Asia Pacific business for which scores are not readily available).

The following table details an aged analysis of financing receivables using the most recently updated FICO scores (based on the policy described above):
 
As of September 30, 2016
 
700+
 
600-699
 
<600
 
No Score
 
Asia Pacific
 
Total
Current
$
1,718

 
$
1,020

 
$
149

 
$
118

 
$
241

 
$
3,246

31 - 60 days
14

 
26

 
17

 
5

 
2

 
64

61 - 90 days
9

 
14

 
11

 
3

 
1

 
38

91 - 120 days
7

 
11

 
10

 
2

 
1

 
31

Total
$
1,748

 
$
1,071

 
$
187

 
$
128

 
$
245

 
$
3,379

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2015
 
700+
 
600-699
 
<600
 
No Score
 
Asia Pacific
 
Total
Current
$
1,623

 
$
1,023

 
$
163

 
$
115

 
$
231

 
$
3,155

31 - 60 days
16

 
25

 
17

 
5

 
2

 
65

61 - 90 days
10

 
14

 
11

 
3

 
1

 
39

91 - 120 days
7

 
11

 
11

 
2

 
1

 
32

Total
$
1,656

 
$
1,073

 
$
202

 
$
125

 
$
235

 
$
3,291

The Company ceases to accrue interest on VOI contract receivables once the contract has remained delinquent for greater than 90 days. At greater than 120 days, the VOI contract receivable is written off to the allowance for loan losses. In accordance with its policy, the Company assesses the allowance for loan losses using a static pool methodology and thus does not assess individual loans for impairment separate from the pool.

13


6.
Inventory
Inventory consisted of:
 
September 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Land held for VOI development
$
146

 
$
136

VOI construction in process
64

 
62

Inventory sold subject to conditional repurchase
128

 
155

Completed VOI inventory
657

 
604

Estimated recoveries
258

 
242

Destination network vacation credits and other
61

 
60

Total inventory
1,314

 
1,259

Less: Current portion (*)
287

 
295

Non-current inventory
$
1,027

 
$
964

 
(*) 
Represents inventory that the Company expects to sell within the next 12 months.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company transferred $48 million and $67 million, respectively, from property and equipment to VOI inventory. In addition to the inventory obligations listed below, as of September 30, 2016, the Company had $10 million of inventory accruals included in accounts payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had $27 million of inventory accruals of which $20 million was included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $7 million was included in accounts payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Inventory Sale Transactions
During 2015, the Company sold real property located in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands (“St. Thomas”) to a third-party developer, consisting of $80 million of vacation ownership inventory, in exchange for $80 million of cash consideration, of which $70 million was received in 2015 and $10 million was received in 2016. During the second quarter of 2016, the Company received $10 million of additional cash consideration from the third-party developer for the vacation ownership inventory property under development in St. Thomas. During 2013, the Company sold real property located in Las Vegas, Nevada and Avon, Colorado to a third-party developer, consisting of vacation ownership inventory and property and equipment.

The Company recognized no gain or loss on these sales transactions. In accordance with the agreements with the third-party developers, the Company has conditional rights and conditional obligations to repurchase the completed properties from the developers subject to the properties conforming to the Company's vacation ownership resort standards and provided that the third-party developers have not sold the properties to another party. Under the sale of real estate accounting guidance, the conditional rights and obligations of the Company constitute continuing involvement and thus the Company was unable to account for these transactions as a sale.

During 2014, the Company acquired the property located in Avon, Colorado from the third-party developer. In connection with this acquisition, the Company had an outstanding obligation of $32 million as of both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, of which $11 million was included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $21 million was included within other non-current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In connection with the Las Vegas, Nevada and St. Thomas properties, the Company had outstanding obligations of $131 million as of September 30, 2016, of which $39 million were included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $92 million were included within other non-current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company paid $49 million to the third-party developer, of which $18 million was for vacation ownership inventory located in Las Vegas, Nevada and St. Thomas, $26 million was for its obligation under the vacation ownership inventory arrangements and $5 million was accrued interest. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had an outstanding obligation related to the Las Vegas, Nevada and St. Thomas properties of $157 million, of which $33 million was included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $124 million was included within other non-current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.


14


The Company has guaranteed to repurchase the completed properties located in Las Vegas, Nevada and St. Thomas from the third-party developers subject to the properties meeting the Company’s vacation ownership resort standards and provided that the third-party developers have not sold the properties to another party. The maximum potential future payments that the Company could be required to make under these commitments was $273 million as of September 30, 2016.

7.
Long-Term Debt and Borrowing Arrangements
The Company’s indebtedness consisted of:
 
September 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Securitized vacation ownership debt: (a)
 
 
 
Term notes (b)
$
1,818

 
$
1,867

Bank conduit facility (due August 2018)
280

 
239

Total securitized vacation ownership debt
2,098

 
2,106

Less: Current portion of securitized vacation ownership debt
200

 
209

Long-term securitized vacation ownership debt
$
1,898

 
$
1,897

Long-term debt: (c)
 
 
 
Revolving credit facility (due July 2020)
$
12

 
$
7

Commercial paper
404

 
109

Term loan (due March 2021)
323

 

$315 million 6.00% senior unsecured notes (due December 2016) (d)

 
316

$300 million 2.95% senior unsecured notes (due March 2017)
300

 
299

$14 million 5.75% senior unsecured notes (due February 2018)
14

 
14

$450 million 2.50% senior unsecured notes (due March 2018)
449

 
448

$40 million 7.375% senior unsecured notes (due March 2020)
40

 
40

$250 million 5.625% senior unsecured notes (due March 2021)
247

 
247

$650 million 4.25% senior unsecured notes (due March 2022) (e)
648

 
648

$400 million 3.90% senior unsecured notes (due March 2023) (f)
407

 
408

$350 million 5.10% senior unsecured notes (due October 2025) (g)
338

 
337

Capital leases
151

 
153

Other
18

 
49

Total long-term debt
3,351

 
3,075

Less: Current portion of long-term debt
33

 
44

Long-term debt
$
3,318

 
$
3,031

 
(a) 
Represents non-recourse debt that is securitized through bankruptcy-remote special purpose entities (“SPEs”), the creditors of which have no recourse to the Company for principal and interest. These outstanding borrowings (which legally are not liabilities of the Company) are collateralized by $2,560 million and $2,576 million of underlying gross vacation ownership contract receivables and related assets (which legally are not assets of the Company) as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
(b) 
The carrying amounts of the term notes are net of debt issuance costs aggregating $24 million as of both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
(c) 
The carrying amounts of the senior unsecured notes and term loan are net of unamortized discounts of $12 million and $14 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The carrying amounts of the senior unsecured notes and term loan are net of debt issuance costs of $4 million and $3 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
(d) 
Includes $1 million of unamortized gains from the settlement of a derivative as of December 31, 2015.
(e) 
Includes $2 million of unamortized gains from the settlement of a derivative as of both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
(f) 
Includes $10 million and $11 million of unamortized gains from the settlement of a derivative as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
(g) 
Includes $9 million and $10 million of unamortized losses from the settlement of a derivative as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

15


Long-Term Debt
The Company’s $300 million 2.95% senior unsecured notes due in March 2017 are classified as long-term as it has the intent to refinance such debt on a long-term basis and the ability to do so with its available capacity under the Company’s revolving credit facility.

Debt Issuances
Sierra Timeshare 2016-1 Receivables Funding, LLC. During March 2016, the Company closed a series of term notes payable, Sierra Timeshare 2016-1 Receivables Funding, LLC, with an initial principal amount of $425 million, which are secured by vacation ownership contract receivables and bear interest at a weighted average coupon rate of 3.20%. The advance rate for this transaction was 88.85%. As of September 30, 2016, the Company had outstanding borrowings under these term notes of $306 million, net of debt issuance costs.

Sierra Timeshare 2016-2 Receivables Funding, LLC. During July 2016, the Company closed a series of term notes payable, Sierra Timeshare 2016-2 Receivables Funding, LLC, with an initial principal amount of $375 million, which are secured by vacation ownership contract receivables and bear interest at a weighted average coupon rate of 2.42%. The advance rate for this transaction was 90%. As of September 30, 2016, the Company had outstanding borrowings under these term notes of $334 million, net of debt issuance costs.

Sierra Timeshare Conduit Receivables Funding II, LLC. During August 2016, the Company renewed its securitized
timeshare receivables conduit facility for a two-year period through August 2018. The facility has a total capacity of $650 million and bears interest at variable rates based on commercial paper rates and LIBOR rates plus a spread.

Term Loan. During March 2016, the Company entered into a five-year $325 million term loan agreement which matures on March 24, 2021. The term loan currently bears interest at LIBOR plus a spread. As of September 30, 2016, the term loan had a weighted average interest rate of 2.01%. The term loan can be paid at the Company’s option in whole or in part at any time prior to maturity. The interest on the term loan will be subject to adjustments from time to time if there are downgrades to the Company’s credit ratings. The term loan requires principal payments, payable in equal quarterly installments, of 5% per annum of the original loan balance, commencing with the third anniversary of the loan, and 10% per annum of the original loan balance commencing with the fourth anniversary of the loan, with the remaining balance payable at maturity.

Commercial Paper
The Company maintains U.S. and European commercial paper programs with a total capacity of $750 million and $500 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2016, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $404 million at a weighted average interest rate of 1.14%, all of which were under its U.S. commercial paper program. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $109 million at a weighted average interest rate of 1.07%, all of which were under its U.S. commercial paper program. The Company considers outstanding borrowings under its commercial paper programs to be a reduction of available capacity on its revolving credit facility.

Fair Value Hedges
During 2013, the Company entered into fixed to variable interest rate swap agreements (the “Swaps”) on its 3.90% and 4.25% senior unsecured notes with notional amounts of $400 million and $100 million, respectively. The fixed interest rates on these notes were effectively modified to a variable LIBOR-based index. During May 2015, the Company terminated the Swaps and received $17 million of cash which was included within other, net in operating activities on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The Company had $12 million and $13 million of deferred gains as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Such gains were included within long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Such gains will be recognized within interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income over the remaining life of the senior unsecured notes.

Deferred Financing Costs
The Company adopted the guidance on the presentation of debt issuance costs on January 1, 2016, as required. As a result, the Company retrospectively applied the guidance to its December 31, 2015 Consolidated Balance Sheet. In addition, the Company has elected to continue to classify debt issuance costs related to the revolving credit facility and the bank conduit facility within other non-current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 1 - Basis of Presentation for additional information regarding the adoption of the new guidance.


16


Maturities and Capacity
The Company’s outstanding debt as of September 30, 2016 matures as follows:
 
Securitized Vacation Ownership Debt
 
Long-Term Debt
 
Total
Within 1 year
$
200

 
$
333

(*) 
$
533

Between 1 and 2 years
193

 
478

 
671

Between 2 and 3 years
430

 
26

 
456

Between 3 and 4 years
202

 
497

 
699

Between 4 and 5 years
215

 
542

 
757

Thereafter
858

 
1,475

 
2,333

 
$
2,098

 
$
3,351

 
$
5,449

 
(*) 
Includes $300 million of senior unsecured notes that the Company classified as long-term debt as it has the intent to refinance such debt on a long-term basis and the ability to do so with its available capacity under the Company’s revolving credit facility.

Debt maturities of the securitized vacation ownership debt are based on the contractual payment terms of the underlying vacation ownership contract receivables. As such, actual maturities may differ as a result of prepayments by the vacation ownership contract receivable obligors.

As of September 30, 2016, available capacity under the Company’s borrowing arrangements was as follows:
 
Securitized Bank
Conduit Facility
(a)
 
Revolving
Credit Facility
 
Total Capacity
$
650

 
$
1,500

 
Less: Outstanding Borrowings
280

 
12

 
          Letters of credit

 
1

 
          Commercial paper borrowings

 
404

(b) 
Available Capacity
$
370

 
$
1,083

 
 
(a) 
The capacity of this facility is subject to the Company’s ability to provide additional assets to collateralize additional securitized borrowings.
(b) 
The Company considers outstanding borrowings under its commercial paper programs to be a reduction of the available capacity of its revolving credit facility.

Early Extinguishment of Debt
During the first quarter of 2016, the Company redeemed the remaining portion of its 6.00% senior unsecured notes for a total of $327 million. As a result, the Company incurred an $11 million loss during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, which is included within early extinguishment of debt on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

Interest Expense
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company incurred non-securitized interest expense of $34 million and $102 million, respectively, which primarily consisted of $35 million and $106 million of interest on long-term debt, partially offset by $1 million and $4 million of capitalized interest. Such amounts are included within interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Cash paid related to interest on the Company’s non-securitized debt was $118 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company incurred non-securitized interest expense of $33 million and $89 million, respectively, which primarily consisted of $35 million and $94 million of interest on long-term debt, partially offset by $2 million and $5 million of capitalized interest. Such amounts are included within interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Cash paid related to interest on the Company’s non-securitized debt was $102 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2015.


17


Interest expense incurred in connection with the Company’s securitized vacation ownership debt during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $19 million and $55 million, respectively, and $18 million and $55 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and is recorded within consumer financing interest on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Cash paid related to such interest was $38 million and $42 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

8.
Variable Interest Entities
In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance for the consolidation of a variable interest entity (“VIE”), the Company analyzes its variable interests, including loans, guarantees, SPEs and equity investments to determine if an entity in which the Company has a variable interest is a VIE. If the entity is considered to be a VIE, the Company determines whether it would be considered the entity’s primary beneficiary. The Company consolidates into its financial statements those VIEs for which it has determined that it is the primary beneficiary.

Vacation Ownership Contract Receivables Securitizations
The Company pools qualifying vacation ownership contract receivables and sells them to bankruptcy-remote entities. Vacation ownership contract receivables qualify for securitization based primarily on the credit strength of the VOI purchaser to whom financing has been extended. Vacation ownership contract receivables are securitized through bankruptcy-remote SPEs that are consolidated within the Consolidated Financial Statements. As a result, the Company does not recognize gains or losses resulting from these securitizations at the time of sale to the SPEs. Interest income is recognized when earned over the contractual life of the vacation ownership contract receivables. The Company services the securitized vacation ownership contract receivables pursuant to servicing agreements negotiated on an arms-length basis based on market conditions. The activities of these SPEs are limited to (i) purchasing vacation ownership contract receivables from the Company’s vacation ownership subsidiaries, (ii) issuing debt securities and/or borrowing under a conduit facility to fund such purchases and (iii) entering into derivatives to hedge interest rate exposure. The bankruptcy- remote SPEs are legally separate from the Company. The receivables held by the bankruptcy-remote SPEs are not available to creditors of the Company and legally are not assets of the Company. Additionally, the non-recourse debt that is securitized through the SPEs is legally not a liability of the Company and thus, the creditors have no recourse to the Company for principal and interest.

The assets and liabilities of these vacation ownership SPEs are as follows:
 
September 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Securitized contract receivables, gross (a)
$
2,452

 
$
2,462

Securitized restricted cash (b)
88

 
92

Interest receivables on securitized contract receivables (c)
20

 
20

Other assets (d)
4

 
5

Total SPE assets
2,564

 
2,579

Securitized term notes (e) (f)
1,818

 
1,867

Securitized conduit facilities (e)
280

 
239

Other liabilities (g)
2

 
2

Total SPE liabilities
2,100

 
2,108

SPE assets in excess of SPE liabilities
$
464

 
$
471

 
(a) 
Included in current ($238 million and $248 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively) and non-current ($2,214 million as of both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015) vacation ownership contract receivables on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(b) 
Included in other current assets ($73 million as of both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015) and other non-current assets ($15 million and $19 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(c) 
Included in trade receivables, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(d) 
Primarily includes deferred financing costs for the bank conduit facility and a security investment asset, which is included in other non-current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(e) 
Included in current ($200 million and $209 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively) and long-term ($1,898 million and $1,897 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively) securitized vacation ownership debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(f) 
Includes deferred financing costs of $24 million as of both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, related to securitized debt.

18


(g) 
Primarily includes accrued interest on securitized debt, which is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In addition, the Company has vacation ownership contract receivables that have not been securitized through bankruptcy-remote SPEs. Such gross receivables were $927 million and $829 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. A summary of total vacation ownership receivables and other securitized assets, net of securitized liabilities and the allowance for loan losses, is as follows:
 
September 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
SPE assets in excess of SPE liabilities
$
464

 
$
471

Non-securitized contract receivables
927

 
829

Less: Allowance for loan losses
619

 
581

Total, net
$
772

 
$
719


In addition to restricted cash related to securitizations, the Company had $61 million and $59 million of restricted cash related to escrow deposits as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, which are recorded within other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Midtown 45, NYC Property
During 2013, the Company entered into an agreement with a third-party partner whereby the partner acquired the Midtown 45 property in New York City through an SPE. The Company is managing and operating the property for rental purposes while the Company converts it into VOI inventory. The SPE financed the acquisition and planned renovations with a four-year mortgage note and mandatorily redeemable equity provided by related parties of such partner. At the time of the agreement, the Company committed to purchase such VOI inventory from the SPE over a four-year period which will be used to repay the four-year mortgage note and the mandatorily redeemable equity of the SPE. The Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary of the SPE and therefore, the Company consolidated the SPE within its financial statements.

The assets and liabilities of the SPE are as follows:
 
September 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
Receivable for leased property and equipment (a)
$
16

 
$
47

Total SPE assets
16

 
47

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

 
1

Long-term debt (b)
17

 
46

Total SPE liabilities
17

 
47

SPE deficit
$
(1
)
 
$

 
(a)  
Represents a receivable for assets leased to the Company which are reported within property and equipment, net on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(b) 
As of September 30, 2016, included $15 million relating to a mortgage note due in 2017 and $2 million of mandatorily redeemable equity both of which are included in current portion of long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2015, included $42 million relating to a mortgage note due in 2017 and $4 million of mandatorily redeemable equity; $29 million was included in current portion of long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the SPE conveyed $28 million and $23 million, respectively, of property and equipment to the Company. In addition, the Company subsequently transferred $36 million and $55 million of property and equipment to VOI inventory during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


19


9.
Fair Value
The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis and utilizes the fair value hierarchy to determine such fair values. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value driver is observable.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs used when little or no market data is available. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls has been determined based on the lowest level input (closest to Level 3) that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

As of September 30, 2016, the Company had foreign exchange contracts resulting in $2 million of assets which are included within other current assets and $2 million of liabilities which are included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had foreign exchange contracts resulting in $2 million of assets which are included within other current assets and $3 million of liabilities which are included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. On a recurring basis, such assets and liabilities are remeasured at estimated fair value (all of which are Level 2) and thus are equal to the carrying value.

The Company’s derivative instruments primarily consist of pay-fixed/receive-variable interest rate swaps, pay-variable/receive-fixed interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign exchange average rate forward contracts. For assets and liabilities that are measured using quoted prices in active markets, the fair value is the published market price per unit multiplied by the number of units held without consideration of transaction costs. Assets and liabilities that are measured using other significant observable inputs are valued by reference to similar assets and liabilities. For these items, a significant portion of fair value is derived by reference to quoted prices of similar assets and liabilities in active markets. For assets and liabilities that are measured using significant unobservable inputs, fair value is primarily derived using a fair value model, such as a discounted cash flow model.

The fair value of financial instruments is generally determined by reference to market values resulting from trading on a national securities exchange or in an over-the-counter market. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques, as appropriate. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, trade receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term maturities of these assets and liabilities. The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of all other financial instruments are as follows:
 
September 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Carrying
 Amount
 
Estimated Fair Value
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vacation ownership contract receivables, net
$
2,760

 
$
3,372

 
$
2,710

 
$
3,272

Debt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total debt
5,449

 
5,595

 
5,181

 
5,234


The Company estimates the fair value of its vacation ownership contract receivables using a discounted cash flow model which it believes is comparable to the model that an independent third-party would use in the current market. The model uses Level 3 inputs consisting of default rates, prepayment rates, coupon rates and loan terms for the contract receivables portfolio as key drivers of risk and relative value that, when applied in combination with pricing parameters, determines the fair value of the underlying contract receivables.


20


The Company estimates the fair value of its securitized vacation ownership debt by obtaining Level 2 inputs comprised of indicative bids from investment banks that actively issue and facilitate the secondary market for timeshare securities. The Company determines the fair value of its other long-term debt, excluding capital leases, using Level 2 inputs based on indicative bids from investment banks and determines the fair value of its senior notes using quoted market prices (such senior notes are not actively traded).

10.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Foreign Currency Risk

The Company has foreign currency rate exposure to exchange rate fluctuations worldwide with particular exposure to the British pound, Euro, Canadian dollar and Australian dollar. The Company uses freestanding foreign currency forward contracts to manage a portion of its exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates associated with its foreign currency denominated receivables, payables and forecasted earnings of foreign subsidiaries. Additionally, the Company uses foreign currency forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges to manage a portion of its exposure to changes in forecasted foreign currency denominated vendor payments. Gains and losses relating to freestanding foreign currency contracts are included in operating expenses on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income and are substantially offset by the earnings effect from the underlying items that were economically hedged. The freestanding foreign currency contracts resulted in less than $1 million of losses during the three months ended September 30, 2016 and $5 million of losses during the three months ended September 30, 2015. The freestanding foreign currency contracts resulted in losses of $11 million and $10 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The amount of gains or losses relating to contracts designated as cash flow hedges that the Company expects to reclassify from accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) to earnings over the next 12 months is not material.

Interest Rate Risk

A portion of the debt used to finance the Company’s operations is exposed to interest rate fluctuations. The Company uses various hedging strategies and derivative financial instruments to create a desired mix of fixed and floating rate assets and liabilities. Derivative instruments currently used in these hedging strategies include swaps and interest rate caps. The derivatives used to manage the risk associated with the Company’s floating rate debt include freestanding derivatives and derivatives designated as cash flow hedges. The Company also uses swaps to convert specific fixed-rate debt into variable-rate debt (i.e., fair value hedges) to manage the overall interest cost. For relationships designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are recorded in income with offsetting adjustments to the carrying amount of the hedged debt. The amount of gains or losses that the Company expects to reclassify from AOCI to earnings during the next 12 months is not material.

Gains or losses recognized in AOCI for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 were not material.


21


11.
Income Taxes
The Company files income tax returns in U.S. federal and state jurisdictions, as well as in foreign jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for years prior to 2013. In addition, with few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to state and local or foreign income tax examinations for years prior to 2008.

The Company’s effective tax rate increased from 34.9% during the three months ended September 30, 2015 to 35.8% during the three months ended September 30, 2016 primarily due to a lower tax benefit from the release of reserves resulting from the expiration of statutes of limitation during the third quarter of 2016.

The Company’s effective tax rate increased from 36.0% during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 to 37.3% during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 primarily due to the lack of a tax benefit on the Venezuelan foreign exchange devaluation loss of $24 million incurred during the first quarter of 2016.

The Company made cash income tax payments, net of refunds, of $124 million and $181 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Deferred Taxes

The Company adopted the guidance on the balance sheet classification of deferred taxes on June 30, 2016. As a result, the Company retrospectively applied the guidance to its December 31, 2015 Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 1 - Basis of Presentation for additional information regarding the adoption of the new guidance.

12.
Commitments and Contingencies
The Company is involved in claims, legal and regulatory proceedings and governmental inquiries related to the Company’s business.

Wyndham Worldwide Corporation Litigation
The Company is involved in claims, legal and regulatory proceedings and governmental inquiries arising in the ordinary course of its business including but not limited to: for its hotel group business-breach of contract, fraud and bad faith claims between franchisors and franchisees in connection with franchise agreements and with owners in connection with management contracts, negligence, breach of contract, fraud, employment, consumer protection and other statutory claims asserted in connection with alleged acts or occurrences at owned, franchised or managed properties or in relation to guest reservations and bookings; for its destination network business-breach of contract, fraud and bad faith claims by affiliates and customers in connection with their respective agreements, negligence, breach of contract, fraud, consumer protection and other statutory claims asserted by members and guests for alleged injuries sustained at or acts or occurrences related to affiliated resorts and vacation rental properties and consumer protection and other statutory claims asserted by consumers; for its vacation ownership business-breach of contract, bad faith, conflict of interest, fraud, consumer protection and other statutory claims by property owners’ associations, owners and prospective owners in connection with the sale or use of VOIs or land, or the management of vacation ownership resorts, construction defect claims relating to vacation ownership units or resorts, and negligence, breach of contract, fraud, consumer protection and other statutory claims by guests for alleged injuries sustained at or acts or occurrences related to vacation ownership units or resorts; and for each of its businesses, bankruptcy proceedings involving efforts to collect receivables from a debtor in bankruptcy, employment matters which may include claims of retaliation, discrimination, harassment and wage and hour claims, claims of infringement upon third parties’ intellectual property rights, claims relating to information security, privacy and consumer protection, tax claims and environmental claims.

The Company records an accrual for legal contingencies when it determines, after consultation with outside counsel, that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In making such determinations, the Company evaluates, among other things, the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and, when it is probable that a liability has been incurred, the Company’s ability to make a reasonable estimate of loss. The Company reviews these accruals each reporting period and makes revisions based on changes in facts and circumstances including changes to its strategy in dealing with these matters.


22


The Company believes that it has adequately accrued for such matters with reserves of $30 million and $29 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Such reserves are exclusive of matters relating to the Company’s separation from Cendant (“Separation”). For matters not requiring accrual, the Company believes that such matters will not have a material effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows based on information currently available. However, litigation is inherently unpredictable and, although the Company believes that its accruals are adequate and/or that it has valid defenses in these matters, unfavorable results could occur. As such, an adverse outcome from such proceedings for which claims are awarded in excess of the amounts accrued, if any, could be material to the Company with respect to earnings and/or cash flows in any given reporting period. As of September 30, 2016, the potential exposure resulting from adverse outcomes of such legal proceedings could, in the aggregate, range up to $45 million in excess of recorded accruals. However, the Company does not believe that the impact of such litigation should result in a material liability to the Company in relation to its consolidated financial position or liquidity.

Other Guarantees/Indemnifications
Hotel Group
From time to time, the Company may enter into a hotel management agreement that provides the hotel owner with a guarantee of a certain level of profitability based upon various metrics. Under such an agreement, the Company would be required to compensate such hotel owner for any profitability shortfall over the life of the management agreement up to a specified aggregate amount. For certain agreements, the Company may be able to recapture all or a portion of the shortfall payments in the event that future operating results exceed targets. The terms of the Company’s existing guarantees range from 8 to 10 years and provide for early termination provisions under certain circumstances. As of September 30, 2016, the maximum potential amount of future payments that may be made under these guarantees was $128 million with a combined annual cap of $45 million. These guarantees have a remaining weighted average life of approximately 7 years. As of September 30, 2016, the Company also had a conditional guarantee with a hotel that will become effective if all the necessary conditions are satisfied by the hotel owner. At the effective date, the maximum potential amount of future payments that may be made under this conditional guarantee is $45 million.

In connection with such performance guarantees, as of September 30, 2016, the Company maintained a liability of $23 million, of which $18 million was included in other non-current liabilities and $5 million was included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on its Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of September 30, 2016, the Company also had a corresponding $33 million asset related to these guarantees, of which $29 million was included in other non-current assets and $4 million was included in other current assets on its Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2015, the Company maintained a liability of $25 million, of which $24 million was included in other non-current liabilities and $1 million was included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on its Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2015, the Company also had a corresponding $35 million asset related to the guarantees, of which $31 million was included in other non-current assets and $4 million was included in other current assets on its Consolidated Balance Sheet. Such assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the agreements. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the amortization expense for the performance guarantees noted above was $1 million and $3 million, respectively.

For guarantees subject to recapture provisions, the Company had a receivable of $35 million as of September 30, 2016, of which $1 million was included in other current assets and $34 million was included in other non-current assets on its Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had a receivable of $32 million, of which $1 million was included in other current assets and $31 million was included in other non-current assets on its Consolidated Balance Sheet. Such receivable was the result of payments made to date that are subject to recapture and which the Company believes will be recoverable from future operating performance.

Vacation Ownership
The Company has guaranteed to repurchase completed properties located in Las Vegas, Nevada and St. Thomas from third-party developers subject to such properties meeting the Company’s vacation ownership resort standards and provided that the third-party developers have not sold such properties to another party (see Note 6 - Inventory).

Cendant Litigation
Under the Separation agreement, the Company agreed to be responsible for 37.5% of certain of Cendant’s contingent and other corporate liabilities and associated costs, including certain contingent litigation. Since the Separation, Cendant settled the majority of the lawsuits pending on the date of the Separation. See Note 17 - Separation Adjustments and Transactions with Former Parent and Subsidiaries regarding contingent litigation liabilities resulting from the Separation.


23


13.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income
The components of AOCI are as follows:
 
Foreign
 
Unrealized
 
Defined
 
 
 
Currency
 
(Losses)/Gains
 
Benefit
 
 
 
Translation
 
on Cash Flow
 
Pension
 
 
Pretax
Adjustments
 
Hedges
 
Plans
 
AOCI
 Balance, December 31, 2015
$
(139
)
 
$

 
$
(9
)
 
$
(148
)
 Period change
(14
)
 

 
(1
)
 
(15
)
 Balance, September 30, 2016
$
(153
)
 
$

 
$
(10
)
 
$
(163
)
Tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Balance, December 31, 2015
$
70

 
$
1

 
$
3

 
$
74

 Period change
33

 

 

 
33

 Balance, September 30, 2016
$
103

 
$
1

 
$
3

 
$
107

Net of Tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Balance, December 31, 2015
$
(69
)
 
$
1

 
$
(6
)
 
$
(74
)
 Period change
19

 

 
(1
)
 
18

 Balance, September 30, 2016
$
(50
)
 
$
1

 
$
(7
)
 
$
(56
)

 
Foreign
 
Unrealized
 
Defined
 
 
 
Currency
 
(Losses)/Gains
 
Benefit
 
 
 
Translation
 
on Cash Flow
 
Pension
 
 
Pretax
Adjustments
 
Hedges
 
Plans
 
AOCI
 Balance, December 31, 2014
$
(13
)
 
$
(8
)
 
$
(12
)
 
$
(33
)
 Period change
(107
)
 
7

 

 
(100
)
 Balance, September 30, 2015
$
(120
)
 
$
(1
)
 
$
(12
)
 
$
(133
)
Tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Balance, December 31, 2014
$
50

 
$
4

 
$
3

 
$
57

 Period change
12

 
(3
)
 


9

 Balance, September 30, 2015
$
62

 
$
1

 
$
3

 
$
66

Net of Tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Balance, December 31, 2014
$
37

 
$
(4
)
 
$
(9
)
 
$
24

 Period change
(95
)
 
4

 

 
(91
)
 Balance, September 30, 2015
$
(58
)
 
$

 
$
(9
)
 
$
(67
)

Currency translation adjustments exclude income taxes related to investments in foreign subsidiaries where the Company intends to reinvest the undistributed earnings indefinitely in those foreign operations.


24


14.  
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company has a stock-based compensation plan available to grant RSUs, PSUs, SSARs and other stock-based awards to key employees, non-employee directors, advisors and consultants. Under the Wyndham Worldwide Corporation 2006 Equity and Incentive Plan, as amended, a maximum of 36.7 million shares of common stock may be awarded. As of September 30, 2016, 15.7 million shares remained available.

Incentive Equity Awards Granted by the Company
The activity related to incentive equity awards granted by the Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 consisted of the following:
 
RSUs
 
PSUs
 
SSARs
 
Number of RSUs
 
Weighted Average Grant Price
 
Number of PSUs
 
Weighted Average Grant Price
 
Number of SSARs
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Balance as of December 31, 2015
1.6

 
$
73.75

 
0.6

 
$
73.60

 
0.8

 
$
46.45

Granted (a)
0.9

 
71.65

 
0.2

 
71.65

 
0.1

 
71.65

Vested / exercised
(0.7
)
 
65.46

 
(0.2
)
 
60.24

 
(0.3
)
 
27.84

Balance as of September 30, 2016
1.8

(b) (c) 
75.84

 
0.6

(d) 
77.84

 
0.6

(b) (e) 
61.52

 
(a) 
Primarily represents awards granted by the Company on February 25, 2016.
(b) 
Aggregate unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs and SSARs was $109 million as of September 30, 2016, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.7 years.
(c) 
Approximately 1.7 million RSUs outstanding as of September 30, 2016 are expected to vest over time.
(d) 
Maximum aggregate unrecognized compensation expense was $27 million as of September 30, 2016, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.
(e) 
Approximately 0.4 million SSARs are exercisable as of September 30, 2016. The Company assumes that all unvested SSARs are expected to vest over time. SSARs outstanding as of September 30, 2016 had an intrinsic value of $7 million and have a weighted average remaining contractual life of 3.1 years.

On February 25, 2016, the Company granted incentive equity awards totaling $63 million to key employees and senior officers of Wyndham in the form of RSUs and SSARs. These awards will vest ratably over a period of four years. In addition, on February 25, 2016, the Company approved a grant of incentive equity awards totaling $17 million to key employees and senior officers of Wyndham in the form of PSUs. These awards cliff vest on the third anniversary of the grant date, contingent upon the Company achieving certain performance metrics.

The fair value of SSARs granted by the Company on February 25, 2016 was estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the relevant weighted average assumptions outlined in the table below. Expected volatility is based on both historical and implied volatilities of the Company’s stock over the estimated expected life of the SSARs. The expected life represents the period of time the SSARs are expected to be outstanding and is based on historical experience given consideration to the contractual terms and vesting periods of the SSARs. The risk free interest rate is based on yields on U.S. Treasury strips with a maturity similar to the estimated expected life of the SSARs. The projected dividend yield was based on the Company’s anticipated annual dividend divided by the price of the Company’s stock on the date of the grant.
 
SSARs Issued on
 
February 25, 2016
Grant date fair value
$
13.70

Grant date strike price
$
71.65

Expected volatility
27.81
%
Expected life
5.2 years

Risk free interest rate
1.33
%
Projected dividend yield
2.79
%


25


Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $15 million and $51 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, and $14 million and $43 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively, related to the incentive equity awards granted to key employees and senior officers by the Company. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company increased its pool of excess tax benefits available to absorb tax deficiencies (“APIC Pool”) by $8 million due to the vesting of RSUs and PSUs, as well as the exercise of SSARs. As of September 30, 2016, the Company’s APIC Pool balance was $137 million.

The Company paid $34 million and $42 million of taxes for the net share settlement of incentive equity awards during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Such amounts are included within financing activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

15.
Segment Information
The reportable segments presented below represent the Company’s operating segments for which separate financial information is available and which is utilized on a regular basis by its chief operating decision maker to assess performance and to allocate resources. In identifying its reportable segments, the Company also considers the nature of services provided by its operating segments. Management evaluates the operating results of each of its reportable segments based upon net revenues and “EBITDA”, which is defined as net income before depreciation and amortization, interest expense (excluding consumer financing interest), early extinguishment of debt, interest income (excluding consumer financing revenues) and income taxes, each of which is presented on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company believes that EBITDA is a useful measure of performance for its industry segments which, when considered with GAAP measures, the Company believes gives a more complete understanding of its operating performance. The Company’s presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies.

 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Net Revenues
 
EBITDA
 
Net Revenues
 
EBITDA
Hotel Group
$
364

(b)
$
107

 
$
357

(d)
$
83

Destination Network
486

(c)
138

 
476

 
134

Vacation Ownership
744

 
189

 
750

 
200

Total Reportable Segments
1,594

 
434

 
1,583

 
417

Corporate and Other (a)
(21
)
 
(32
)
 
(19
)
 
(35
)
Total Company
$
1,573

 
$
402

 
$
1,564

 
$
382

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of EBITDA to Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
 
2015
EBITDA
 
 
$
402

 
 
 
$
382

Depreciation and amortization
 
 
63

 
 
 
59

Interest expense
 
 
34

 
 
 
33

Interest income
 
 
(2
)
 
 
 
(2
)
Income before income taxes
 
 
307

 

 
292

Provision for income taxes
 
 
110

 
 
 
102

Net income
 
 
197

 
 
 
190

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 
(1
)
 
 
 

Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
 
 
$
196

 
 
 
$
190

 
(a) 
Includes the elimination of transactions between segments.

26


(b) 
Includes $19 million of intercompany revenues comprised of (i) $16 million of licensing fees for use of the Wyndham trade name, (ii) $2 million of other fees primarily associated with the Wyndham Rewards program and (iii) $1 million of room revenues at a Company owned hotel. Such revenues are offset in expenses at the Company’s Vacation Ownership segment.
(c) 
Includes $2 million of intercompany revenues comprised of call center operations and support services provided to the Company’s Hotel Group segment.
(d) 
Includes $19 million of intercompany revenues comprised of (i) $16 million of licensing fees for use of the Wyndham trade name, (ii) $2 million of room revenues at a Company owned hotel and (iii) $1 million of other fees primarily associated with the Wyndham Rewards program. Such revenues are offset in expenses at the Company’s Vacation Ownership segment.

 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Net Revenues
 
EBITDA
 
Net Revenues
 
EBITDA
Hotel Group
$
993

(b)
$
291

 
$
983

(d)
$
255

Destination Network
1,255

(c)
303

 
1,228

 
323

Vacation Ownership
2,089

 
512

 
2,067

 
513

Total Reportable Segments
4,337

 
1,106

 
4,278

 
1,091

Corporate and Other (a)
(58
)
 
(97
)
 
(54
)
 
(100
)
Total Company
$
4,279

 
$
1,009

 
$
4,224

 
$
991

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of EBITDA to Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
 
2015
EBITDA
 
 
$
1,009

 
 
 
$
991

Depreciation and amortization
 
 
187

 
 
 
173

Interest expense
 
 
102

 
 
 
89

Early extinguishment of debt
 
 
11

 
 
 

Interest income
 
 
(6
)
 
 
 
(7
)
Income before income taxes
 
 
715

 
 
 
736

Provision for income taxes
 
 
267

 
 
 
265

Net income
 
 
448

 
 
 
471

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 
(1
)
 
 
 

Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
 
 
$
447


 
 
$
471

 
(a) 
Includes the elimination of transactions between segments.
(b) 
Includes $52 million of intercompany revenues comprised of (i) $43 million of intersegment licensing fees for use of the Wyndham trade name, (ii) $6 million of other fees primarily associated with the Wyndham Rewards program and (iii) $3 million of room revenues at a Company owned hotel. Such revenues are offset in expenses at the Company’s Vacation Ownership segment.
(c) 
Includes $6 million of intercompany revenues comprised of call center operations and support services provided to the Company’s Hotel Group segment.
(d) 
Includes $54 million of intercompany revenues comprised of (i) $43 million of intersegment licensing fees for use of the Wyndham trade name, (ii) $6 million of room revenues at a Company owned hotel and (iii) $5 million of other fees primarily associated with the Wyndham Rewards program. Such revenues are offset in expenses at the Company’s Vacation Ownership segment.


27


16.
Restructuring, Impairment and Other Charges
2016 Restructuring Plans

During the third quarter of 2016, the Company recorded $14 million of charges related to restructuring initiatives, primarily focused on enhancing organizational efficiency and rationalizing existing facilities which will result in the closure of vacation ownership sales offices. The remaining liability of $12 million as of September 30, 2016 is expected to be paid primarily by the end of 2017.

Total restructuring costs by segment are as follows:
 
Personnel-related (a)
 
Asset Write-offs (b)
 
Total
Hotel Group
$
3

 
$

 
$
3

Destination Network
4

 

 
4

Vacation Ownership
4

 
2

 
6

Corporate
1

 

 
1

 
$
12

 
$
2

 
$
14

 
(a) 
Represents severance costs incurred across the Company’s businesses resulting from a reduction of 561 employees.
(b) 
Represents the write-off of assets from sales office closures.

2015 Restructuring Plans

During 2015, the Company recorded $8 million of restructuring charges resulting from a realignment of brand services and call center operations within its hotel group business, a rationalization of international operations within its destination network business and a reorganization of the sales function within its vacation ownership business. In connection with these initiatives, the Company initially recorded $7 million of personnel-related costs and a $1 million non-cash asset impairment charge associated with a facility. The Company subsequently reversed $2 million of previously recorded personnel-related costs and reduced its liability with $2 million of cash payments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company paid its remaining liability with $3 million of cash payments.

The Company has additional restructuring plans which were implemented prior to 2015. The remaining liability of $1 million as of September 30, 2016, all of which is related to leased facilities, is expected to be paid by 2020.

The activity associated with the Company’s restructuring plans is summarized by category as follows:
 
Liability as of
 
Costs
 
Cash
 
Other
 
Liability as of
 
December 31, 2015
 
Recognized
 
Payments
 
Non-Cash
 
September 30, 2016
Personnel-related
$
3

 
$
12

 
$
(3
)
 
$

 
$
12

Facility-related
2

 

 
(1
)
 

 
1

Asset Write-offs

 
2

 

 
(2
)
 

 
$
5

 
$
14

 
$
(4
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$
13


Impairment

During the third quarter of 2015, the Company recorded a $7 million non-cash impairment charge at its hotel group business related to the write-down of terminated in-process technology projects results from the decision to outsource its reservation system to a third-party partner. Such charge is recorded within asset impairment on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

28


Other Charges

During the first quarter of 2016, the Company incurred a $24 million foreign exchange loss, primarily impacting cash, resulting from the Venezuelan government’s decision to devalue the exchange rate of its currency. Such loss is recorded within operating expenses on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

During the third quarter of 2016, the Company recorded an additional $7 million charge related to the anticipated termination of a management contract at its hotel group business. During the third quarter of 2015, the Company recorded a $14 million charge associated with such management contract. Such charges are recorded within operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

17.
Separation Adjustments and Transactions with Former Parent and Subsidiaries
Transfer of Cendant Corporate Liabilities and Issuance of Guarantees to Cendant and Affiliates
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, upon the distribution of the Company’s common stock to Cendant shareholders, the Company entered into certain guarantee commitments with Cendant (pursuant to the assumption of certain liabilities and the obligation to indemnify Cendant, Realogy and Travelport for such liabilities) and guarantee commitments related to deferred compensation arrangements with each of Cendant and Realogy. These guarantee arrangements primarily relate to certain contingent litigation liabilities, contingent tax liabilities, and Cendant contingent and other corporate liabilities, of which the Company assumed and is responsible for 37.5% while Realogy is responsible for the remaining 62.5%. The remaining amount of liabilities which were assumed by the Company in connection with the Separation was $34 million as of both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. These amounts were comprised of certain Cendant corporate liabilities which were recorded on the books of Cendant as well as additional liabilities which were established for guarantees issued at the date of Separation, related to unresolved contingent matters and others that could arise during the guarantee period. Regarding the guarantees, if any of the companies responsible for all or a portion of such liabilities were to default in its payment of costs or expenses related to any such liability, the Company would be responsible for a portion of the defaulting party or parties’ obligation(s). The Company also provided a default guarantee related to certain deferred compensation arrangements related to certain current and former senior officers and directors of Cendant, Realogy and Travelport. These arrangements were valued upon the Separation in accordance with the guidance for guarantees and recorded as liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. To the extent such recorded liabilities are not adequate to cover the ultimate payment amounts, such excess will be reflected as an expense to the results of operations in future periods.

As a result of the sale of Realogy on April 10, 2007, Realogy was required to post a letter of credit in an amount acceptable to the Company and Avis Budget Group (formerly known as Cendant) to satisfy its obligations for the Cendant legacy contingent liabilities. As of September 30, 2016, the letter of credit was $53 million.

As of September 30, 2016, the $34 million of Separation related liabilities is comprised of $31 million for tax liabilities, $1 million for other contingent and corporate liabilities and $2 million of liabilities where the calculated guarantee amount exceeded the contingent liability assumed at the Separation Date. In connection with these liabilities, as of September 30, 2016, $6 million is recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $28 million is recorded in other non-current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had $34 million of Separation related liabilities of which $19 million was recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $15 million was recorded in other non-current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company will indemnify Cendant for these contingent liabilities and therefore any payments made to the third-party would be through the former Parent. The actual timing of payments relating to these liabilities is dependent on a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control. In addition, the Company had $1 million of receivables due from former Parent and subsidiaries primarily relating to income taxes, as of both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, which is included within other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

18.
Subsequent Event
Securitization Term Transaction

On October 19, 2016, the Company closed a series of term notes payable, Sierra Timeshare 2016-3 Receivables Funding, LLC, with an initial principal amount of $325 million, which are secured by vacation ownership contract receivables and bear interest at a weighted average coupon rate of 2.47%. The advance rate for this transaction was 90%.


29


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report includes “forward-looking” statements, as that term is defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in its rules, regulations and releases. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, hopes, intentions or strategies regarding the future. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “expects,” “should,” “believes,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” or other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, general economic conditions, our financial and business prospects, our capital requirements, our financing prospects, our relationships with associates, and those disclosed as risks under “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this report. We caution readers that any such statements are based on currently available operational, financial and competitive information, and they should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinion only as of the date on which they were made. Except as required by law, we disclaim any obligation to review or update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances as they occur.

BUSINESS AND OVERVIEW
We are a global provider of hospitality services and products and operate our business in the following three segments:
Hotel Group—primarily franchises hotels in the upscale, upper midscale, midscale, economy and extended stay segments and provides hotel management services for full-service and select limited-service hotels.
Destination Network—provides vacation exchange services and products to owners of intervals of vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) and manages and markets vacation rental properties primarily on behalf of independent owners.
Vacation Ownership—develops, markets and sells VOIs to individual consumers, provides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs and provides property management services at resorts.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Discussed below are our key operating statistics, consolidated results of operations and the results of operations for each of our reportable segments. The reportable segments presented below represent our operating segments for which discrete financial information is available and which is utilized on a regular basis by our chief operating decision maker to assess performance and to allocate resources. In identifying our reportable segments, we also consider the nature of services provided by our operating segments. Management evaluates the operating results of each of our reportable segments and corporate and other based upon net revenues and “EBITDA”, which is defined as net income before depreciation and amortization, interest expense (excluding consumer financing interest), early extinguishment of debt, interest income (excluding consumer financing revenues) and income taxes, each of which is presented on the Consolidated Statements of Income. We believe that EBITDA is a useful measure of performance for our industry segments and, when considered with GAAP measures, gives a more complete understanding of our operating performance. Our presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies.

30


OPERATING STATISTICS
The table below presents our operating statistics for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015. These operating statistics are the drivers of our revenues and therefore provide an enhanced understanding of our businesses. Refer to the Results of Operations section for a discussion as to how these operating statistics affected our business for the periods presented.
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
% Change
Hotel Group
 
 
 
 
 
Number of rooms (a)
689,800

 
671,900

 
2.7
RevPAR (b)
$
43.04

 
$
43.34

 
(0.7)
Destination Network
 
 
 
 
 
Average number of members (in 000s) (c)
3,868

 
3,835

 
0.9
Exchange revenue per member (d)
$
164.39

 
$
163.38

 
0.6
Vacation rental transactions (in 000s) (e) (f)
508

 
462

 
10.0
Average net price per vacation rental (e) (g)
$
599.59

 
$
642.00

 
(6.6)
Vacation Ownership(e)
 
 
 
 
 
Gross VOI sales (in 000s) (h) (i)
$
564,000

 
$
565,000

 
(0.2)
Tours (in 000s) (j)
230

 
227

 
1.3
Volume Per Guest (“VPG”) (k)
$
2,320

 
$
2,354

 
(1.4)
 
(a) 
Represents the number of rooms at hotel group properties at the end of the period which are under franchise and/or management agreements, or are company owned.
(b) 
Represents revenue per available room and is calculated by multiplying the percentage of available rooms occupied during the period by the average rate charged for renting a hotel room for one day.
(c) 
Represents members in our vacation exchange programs who paid annual membership dues as of the end of the period or who are within the allowed grace period.
(d) 
Represents total annualized revenues generated from fees associated with memberships, exchange transactions, member-related rentals and other servicing for the period divided by the average number of vacation exchange members during the period.
(e) 
Includes the impact from acquisitions from the acquisition dates forward. Therefore, such operating statistics for 2016 are not presented on a comparable basis to the 2015 operating statistics.
(f) 
Represents the number of transactions that are generated during the period in connection with customers booking their vacation rental stays through us. One rental transaction is recorded for each standard one-week rental.
(g) 
Represents the net rental price generated from renting vacation properties to customers and other related rental servicing fees during the period divided by the number of vacation rental transactions during the period.
(h) 
Represents total sales of VOIs, including sales under the Wyndham Asset Affiliation Model (“WAAM”) Fee-for-Service, before the net effect of percentage-of-completion (“POC”) accounting and loan loss provisions. We believe that Gross VOI sales provide an enhanced understanding of the performance of our vacation ownership business because it directly measures the sales volume of this business during a given reporting period.
(i) 
The following table provides a reconciliation of Gross VOI sales to vacation ownership interest sales for the three months ended September 30 (in millions):
 
2016
 
2015
Gross VOI sales
$
564

 
$
565

Less: WAAM Fee-for-Service sales (1)
(20
)
 
(37
)
Gross VOI sales, net of WAAM Fee-for-Service sales
544

 
528

Less: Loan loss provision
(104
)
 
(78
)
Less: Impact of POC accounting

 
(2
)
Vacation ownership interest sales (2)
$
441

 
$
448

 
(1) 
Represents total sales of VOIs through our WAAM Fee-for-Service sales model designed to offer turn-key solutions for developers or banks in possession of newly developed inventory, which we will sell for a commission fee through our extensive sales and marketing channels. WAAM Fee-for-Service commission revenues were $13 million and $23 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
(2) 
Amounts may not foot due to rounding.
(j) 
Represents the number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs.

31


(k) 
VPG is calculated by dividing Gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) by the number of tours. Tele-sales upgrades were $31 million and $32 million during the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. We have excluded tele-sales upgrades in the calculation of VPG because tele-sales upgrades are generated by a different marketing channel. We believe that VPG provides an enhanced understanding of the performance of our vacation ownership business because it directly measures the efficiency of this business’s tour selling efforts during a given reporting period.

THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2016 VS. THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2015
Our consolidated results are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Favorable/(Unfavorable)
Net revenues
$
1,573

 
$
1,564

 
$
9

Expenses
1,237

 
1,244

 
7

Operating income
336

 
320

 
16

Other (income)/expense, net
(3
)
 
(3
)
 

Interest expense
34

 
33

 
(1
)
Interest income
(2
)
 
(2
)
 

Income before income taxes
307

 
292

 
15

Provision for income taxes
110

 
102

 
(8
)
Net income
197

 
190

 
7

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
$
196

 
$
190

 
$
6


Net revenues increased $9 million (0.6%) for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period last year. Foreign currency translation unfavorably impacted revenues by $18 million. Excluding foreign currency translation, net revenues increased primarily from:
$20 million of higher revenues (excluding intersegment revenues) at our destination network business primarily from growth in vacation rental transactions;
$8 million of higher revenues at our hotel group business primarily from the impact of fees charged for our global franchise conference; and
$7 million of incremental revenue from acquisitions at our destination network business.

Such increases were partially offset by a $9 million reduction of revenues at our vacation ownership business primarily from lower net VOI sales resulting from a higher provision for loan losses.

Expenses decreased $7 million (0.6%) for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period last year. Foreign currency favorably impacted expenses by $9 million. Excluding foreign currency, expenses increased primarily from:
$6 million of higher restructuring costs;
$5 million of incremental expenses related to acquisitions at our destination network business; and
a $4 million increase in depreciation and amortization resulting from the impact of property and equipment additions that were placed in service over the last twelve months.

Such increases were offset by (i) the absence of a $7 million non-cash impairment charge during the third quarter of 2015 and (ii) $7 million of lower expense related to the anticipated termination of a management contract which resulted in a charge of $7 million and $14 million during the third quarter of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Our effective tax rate increased from 34.9% during the three months ended September 30, 2015 to 35.8% during the three months ended September 30, 2016 primarily due to a lower tax benefit from the release of reserves resulting from the expiration of statutes of limitation during the third quarter of 2016.

As a result of these items, net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders increased $6 million (3.2%) as compared with third quarter of 2015.


32


Following is a discussion of the results of each of our segments and Corporate and Other for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to September 30, 2015:
 
Net Revenues
 
EBITDA
 
2016
 
2015
 
%
Change
 
2016
 
2015
 
%
Change
Hotel Group
$
364

 
$
357

 
2.0
 
$
107

(b) 
$
83

(f) 
28.9
Destination Network
486

 
476

 
2.1
 
138

(c) 
134

(g) 
3.0
Vacation Ownership
744

 
750

 
(0.8)
 
189

(d) 
200

(h) 
(5.5)
Total Reportable Segments
1,594

 
1,583

 
0.7
 
434

 
417

 
4.1
Corporate and Other (a)
(21
)
 
(19
)
 
(10.5)
 
(32
)
(e) 
(35
)
(i) 
8.6
Total Company
$
1,573

 
$
1,564

 
0.6
 
$
402

 
$
382

 
5.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of EBITDA to Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
EBITDA
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
402

 
$
382

 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
 
 
 
 
 
63

 
59

 
 
Interest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
34

 
33

 
 
Interest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2
)
 
(2
)
 
 
Income before income taxes
 
 
 
 
 
 
307

 
292

 
 
Provision for income taxes
 
 
 
 
 
 
110

 
102

 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
197

 
190

 
 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1
)
 

 
 
Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
196

 
$
190

 
 
 
(a) 
Includes the elimination of transactions between segments.
(b) 
Includes $7 million of costs associated with the anticipated termination of a management contract and $3 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of our focus on enhancing organizational efficiency.
(c) 
Includes $4 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of our focus on enhancing organizational efficiency.
(d) 
Includes $6 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of our focus on enhancing organizational efficiency and rationalizing existing facilities.
(e) 
Includes (i) $32 million of corporate costs, (ii) $1 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of our focus on enhancing organizational efficiency and (iii) $1 million of a net benefit from the resolution of and adjustment to certain contingent liabilities and assets resulting from our Separation.
(f) 
Includes (i) $14 million of costs associated with the anticipated termination of a management contract, (ii) a $7 million non-cash impairment charge related to the write-down of terminated in-process technology projects resulting from the decision to outsource our reservation system to a third-party provider and (iii) $4 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of a realignment of brand services and call center operations.
(g) 
Includes $3 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of a rationalization of our international operations.
(h) 
Includes $1 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of an organizational realignment of the sales function.
(i) 
Includes $35 million of corporate costs.

Hotel Group

Net revenues and EBITDA increased $7 million (2.0%) and $24 million (28.9%), respectively during the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period during 2015. Foreign currency translation unfavorably impacted revenues by $1 million and had no impact on EBITDA.
Net revenues from royalty, marketing and reservation fees (inclusive of Wyndham Rewards) declined $3 million compared to the prior year. Excluding an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $1 million, royalty revenue increased $2 million which was more than offset by $4 million of lower marketing, reservation and Wyndham Rewards revenues. An increase of 2.7% in global system size was offset by a 0.7% decline in global RevPAR. The decline in global RevPAR was primarily due to a 4.6% decline in international RevPAR partially offset by 1.9% increase in domestic RevPAR. The decrease in international RevPAR was principally the result of unfavorable currency translation and the impact of room growth in lower RevPAR

33


markets, specifically China. The growth in domestic RevPAR was primarily the result of a 4.6% increase in average daily rates partially offset by 2.6% decline in occupancy rates.
Revenues were favorably impacted by $13 million of fees charged for our global franchise conference during 2016 which were fully offset by conference expenses. Revenues increased $1 million and EBITDA remained flat from our owned hotels compared to the prior year primarily due to higher RevPAR and food and beverage sales. Such increases in revenues were offset by higher operating costs.
Hotel management reimbursable revenues decreased $6 million compared to the prior year resulting from property terminations. Ancillary services contributed an additional $3 million and $2 million of revenues and EBITDA, respectively due to growth in our co-branded credit card program.
EBITDA also reflects:
the absence of a $7 million non-cash impairment charge related to the write-down of terminated in-process technology projects during the third quarter of 2015;
$7 million of lower expense related to the anticipated termination of a management contract which resulted in a charge of $7 million and $14 million during the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively;
$6 million of lower marketing expenses; and
$5 million of cost savings primarily associated with lower employee related costs.

As of September 30, 2016, we had approximately 7,930 properties and approximately 689,800 rooms in our system. Additionally, our hotel development pipeline included approximately 1,100 hotels and approximately 133,800 rooms, of which 60% were international and 66% were new construction.

Destination Network

Net revenues and EBITDA increased $10 million (2.1%) and $4 million (3.0%), respectively, during the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period during 2015. Foreign currency translation unfavorably impacted net revenues and EBITDA by $19 million and $9 million, respectively.

Our acquisitions of vacation rentals brands contributed $7 million of incremental revenues and $2 million of incremental EBITDA during the third quarter of 2016.

Net revenues generated from rental transactions and related services increased $8 million. Excluding $7 million of incremental vacation rental revenues from acquisitions and an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $18 million, net revenues generated from rental transactions and related services increased $19 million principally due to an 8.0% increase in rental transaction volume, partially offset by a 1.7% decline in average net price per vacation rental. The increase in rental transaction volume was driven by growth across our U.K. cottage and parks brands, our Denmark-based Novasol brand and our Netherlands-based Landal GreenParks brand. The decline in average net price per vacation rental was a result of the mix impact from higher growth in our more moderate product offerings primarily related to our U.K. cottages and parks brands.

Exchange and related services revenue, which principally consist of fees generated from memberships, exchange transactions, member-related rentals and other member servicing increased $2 million. Excluding an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $1 million, exchange and related services revenue increased $3 million primarily due to (i) a 1.4% increase in exchange revenue per member resulting from increased pricing for exchange and other related fees, partially offset by the impact of growth in club memberships in North America where there is a lower propensity to transact, and (ii) a 0.9% increase in the average number of members principally resulting from new member growth in North America.

EBITDA was further impacted by:
$9 million of higher costs resulting from revenue increases;
$2 million of higher IT costs primarily related to growth initiatives; and
a $2 million non-cash impairment charge related to the write-down of an equity investment.

Such amounts were partially offset by $4 million of lower operating expenses at our U.K.-based James Villa Holidays brand associated with securing product cost at 2015 exchange rates prior to the 2016 currency devaluation of the British pound.


34


Vacation Ownership

Net revenues and EBITDA decreased $6 million (0.8%) and $11 million (5.5%), respectively during the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period of 2015. Foreign currency translation favorably impacted net revenues by $2 million.
Net VOI revenues decreased $7 million compared to the same period last year. Such decrease was primarily due to a $26 million increase in our provision for loan losses principally attributable to organized activities by third-parties to encourage customers to default on their timeshare loans, a higher percentage of VOIs financed and $16 million of higher gross VOI sales, net of WAAM Fee-for-service sales.
Excluding a $2 million favorable impact from foreign currency translation, gross VOI sales decreased $3 million compared to the same period last year primarily due to a 1.4% decrease in VPG partially offset by a 1.3% increase in tours. Such change in VPG and tours reflected our continued focus on new owner generation which resulted in higher tours and proportionally higher sales to new owners, that are generally less efficient than sales to existing owners.
Commission revenues generated from WAAM Fee-for-Service decreased $10 million compared to the prior year resulting from lower WAAM Fee-for-Service VOI sales as we continue to shift our focus on utilizing our WAAM Just-in-Time inventory. EBITDA was flat compared to last year as the decrease in commission revenues was offset by lower expenses for such WAAM VOI sales.
Consumer financing revenues and EBITDA increased $4 million and $3 million, respectively compared to the same period last year. Such increases were due to a higher weighted average interest rate earned and a higher average contract receivables portfolio balance. In addition, EBITDA was unfavorably impacted by higher interest expense resulting from an increase in the weighted average interest rate on our securitized debt to 3.7% from 3.5%, partially offset by a lower average securitized debt balance. As a result, our net interest income margin increased to 83.1% compared to 82.9% during 2015.
Property management revenues and EBITDA increased by $9 million and $2 million, respectively compared to the prior year primarily as a result of higher reimbursable revenues and management fees.
In addition, EBITDA was unfavorably impacted by:
an $11 million increase in marketing costs principally due to tour growth and our continued focus on new owner generation which yield a higher cost per tour;
$9 million of higher sales and commission expenses resulting from unfavorable commission rates and a $16 million increase in Gross VOI sales, net of WAAM Fee-for-Service, as we continue to shift the mix of our Gross VOIs by reducing our focus on WAAM Fee-for-Service VOI sales;
$5 million of higher restructuring charges; and
$4 million of higher maintenance fees for unsold inventory.

Such decreases in EBITDA were partially offset by $20 million of lower expenses primarily associated with employee related costs.

Corporate and Other
Corporate and Other revenues, which primarily represent the elimination of intersegment revenues charged between our businesses, decreased $2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to 2015.
Corporate expenses (excluding intercompany expense eliminations) decreased $3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the prior year. Excluding a $1 million net benefit related to the resolution and adjustment of certain liabilities resulting from our Separation, corporate expenses decreased $4 million primarily the result of lower employee related costs partially offset by higher expenses associated with our restructuring initiative.



35


NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2016 VS. NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2015
Our consolidated results are as follows:
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Favorable/(Unfavorable)
Net revenues
$
4,279

 
$
4,224

 
$
55

Expenses
3,476

 
3,417

 
(59
)
Operating income
803

 
807

 
(4
)
Other (income)/expense, net
(19
)
 
(11
)
 
8

Interest expense
102

 
89

 
(13
)
Early extinguishment of debt
11

 

 
(11
)
Interest income
(6
)
 
(7
)
 
(1
)
Income before income taxes
715

 
736

 
(21
)
Provision for income taxes
267

 
265

 
(2
)
Net income
448

 
471

 
(23
)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
$
447

 
$
471

 
$
(24
)

Net revenues increased $55 million (1.3%) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period last year. Foreign currency translation unfavorably impacted revenues by $40 million. Excluding foreign currency translation, net revenues increased primarily from:
$37 million of higher revenues (excluding intersegment revenues) at our destination network business primarily from growth in vacation rental transactions;
$26 million of higher revenues at our vacation ownership business primarily resulting from an increase in property management revenues;
$26 million of incremental revenues (inclusive of $8 million at our hotel group business related to reimbursable fees, which have no impact on EBITDA) resulting from acquisitions at our hotel group and destination network businesses; and
$6 million of higher revenues at our hotel group business primarily due to an increase in ancillary services.

Expenses increased $59 million (1.7%) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period last year. Foreign currency favorably impacted expenses by $25 million. Excluding foreign currency, expenses increased primarily from:
$35 million of higher expenses from operations primarily related to the revenue increases;
a $24 million foreign exchange loss related to the devaluation of the Venezuela exchange rate;
$19 million of incremental expenses related to acquisitions at our hotel group and destination network businesses;
a $14 million increase in depreciation and amortization resulting from the impact of property and equipment additions that were placed in service over the last twelve months; and
$6 million of higher restructuring costs.

Such increases were offset by (i) the absence of a $7 million non-cash impairment charge during the third quarter of 2015 and (ii) $7 million of lower expense related to the anticipated termination of a management contract which resulted in a charge of $7 million and $14 million during the third quarter of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Other income, net increased $8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period last year primarily from settlements of business interruption claims received at our vacation ownership business.

Interest expense increased $13 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period last year primarily due to a higher average effective interest rate resulting from the termination of interest rate swaps during the second quarter of 2015 and the impact of the 5.10% senior unsecured notes issued in September 2015.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we incurred $11 million of expenses resulting from the early repurchase of the remaining portion of our 6.00% senior unsecured notes.


36


Our effective tax rate increased from 36.0% during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 to 37.3% during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 primarily due to the lack of a tax benefit on the Venezuelan foreign exchange devaluation loss of $24 million incurred during the first quarter of 2016.

As a result of these items, net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders decreased $24 million (5.1%) as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Following is a discussion of the results of each of our segments and Corporate and Other for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to September 30, 2015:
 
Net Revenues
 
EBITDA
 
2016
 
2015
 
%
Change
 
2016
 
2015
 
%
Change
Hotel Group
$
993

 
$
983

 
1.0
 
$
291

(b) 
$
255

(f) 
14.1
Destination Network
1,255

 
1,228

 
2.2
 
303

(c) 
323

(g) 
(6.2)
Vacation Ownership
2,089

 
2,067

 
1.1
 
512

(d) 
513

(h) 
(0.2)
Total Reportable Segments
4,337

 
4,278

 
1.4
 
1,106

 
1,091

 
1.4
Corporate and Other (a)
(58
)
 
(54
)
 
(7.4)
 
(97
)
(e) 
(100
)
(i) 
3.0
Total Company
$
4,279

 
$
4,224

 
1.3
 
$
1,009

 
$
991

 
1.8
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of EBITDA to Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
EBITDA
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,009

 
$
991

 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
 
 
 
 
 
187

 
173

 
 
Interest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
102

 
89

 
 
Early extinguishment of debt
 
 
 
 
 
 
11

 

 
 
Interest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
(6
)
 
(7
)
 
 
Income before income taxes
 
 
 
 
 
 
715

 
736

 
 
Provision for income taxes
 
 
 
 
 
 
267

 
265

 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
448

 
471

 
 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1
)
 

 
 
Net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
447

 
$
471

 
 
 
(a) 
Includes the elimination of transactions between segments.
(b) 
Includes $7 million of costs associated with the anticipated termination of a management contract and $3 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of our focus on enhancing organizational efficiency.
(c) 
Includes (i) a $24 million foreign currency loss related to the devaluation of the exchange rate of Venezuela, (ii) $4 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of our focus on enhancing organizational efficiency and (iii) $1 million of acquisition costs.
(d) 
Includes $6 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of our focus on enhancing organizational efficiency and rationalizing existing facilities.
(e) 
Includes (i) $97 million of corporate costs, (ii) $1 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of our focus on enhancing organizational efficiency and (iii) $1 million of a net benefit from the resolution of and adjustment to certain contingent liabilities and assets resulting from our Separation.
(f) 
Includes (i) $14 million of costs associated with the anticipated termination of a management contract, (ii) a $7 million non-cash impairment charge related to the write-down of terminated in process technology projects resulting from the decision to outsource its reservation system to a third-party provider, (iii) $4 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of an organizational realignment of brand services and call center operations and (iv) $3 million of costs incurred in connection with the Dolce acquisition.
(g) 
Includes (i) $3 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of a rationalization of our international operations and (ii) a $1 million reversal of a portion of the restructuring reserve established during the fourth quarter of 2014.
(h) 
Includes $1 million of restructuring costs incurred as a result of an organizational realignment of the sales function.
(i) 
Includes $100 million of corporate costs.


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Hotel Group

Net revenues and EBITDA increased $10 million (1.0%) and $36 million (14.1%), respectively during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period during 2015. Foreign currency translation unfavorably impacted revenues and EBITDA by $3 million and $2 million, respectively.
Net revenues from royalty, marketing and reservation fees (inclusive of Wyndham Rewards) declined $3 million compared to the prior year. Excluding an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $3 million, royalty revenues increased $2 million which were fully offset by a reduction in marketing, reservation and Wyndham Rewards revenues. An increase of 2.7% in global system size was offset by a 2.0% decline in global RevPAR. The decline in global RevPAR was primarily due to a 7.6% decline in international RevPAR partially offset by 1.3% increase in domestic RevPAR. The decrease in international RevPAR was principally the result of unfavorable currency translation and the impact of room growth in lower RevPAR markets, specifically China. The growth in domestic RevPAR was primarily the result of a 3.3% increase in average daily rates partially offset by 2.0% decline in occupancy rates.
Revenues and EBITDA increased $3 million and $1 million, respectively from our owned hotels compared to the prior year primarily due to higher RevPAR and favorable food and beverage revenues. Such increases in revenues were partially offset by higher operating costs.
Revenues and EBITDA from other franchise fees each decreased $1 million primarily from lower termination fees. Ancillary services contributed an additional $9 million and $7 million of revenues and EBITDA, respectively due to growth in our co-branded credit card program.
EBITDA was also favorably impacted by:
the absence of a $7 million non-cash impairment charge related to the write-down of terminated in-process technology projects during the third quarter of 2015;
$7 million of lower expense related to the anticipated termination of a management contract which resulted in a charge of $7 million and $14 million during the third quarter of 2016 and 2015, respectively;
$7 million of lower marketing expenses;
$9 million of lower expenses primarily related to employee related costs; and
the absence of $3 million of Dolce integration and deal costs incurred during 2015.

Destination Network

Net revenues increased $27 million (2.2%) and EBITDA decreased $20 million (6.2%) during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period during 2015. Foreign currency translation unfavorably impacted net revenues and EBITDA by $33 million and $14 million, respectively. EBITDA also reflected a $24 million foreign exchange loss related to the devaluation of the exchange rate of Venezuela during the first quarter of 2016.

Our acquisitions of vacation rentals brands contributed $18 million of incremental revenues (inclusive of $1 million of ancillary revenues) and $4 million of incremental EBITDA during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

Net revenues generated from rental transactions and related services increased $27 million. Excluding $17 million of incremental vacation rental revenues from acquisitions and an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $25 million, net revenues generated from rental transactions and related services increased $35 million principally due to a 6.4% increase in rental transaction volume, partially offset by a 1.1% decline in average net price per vacation rental. The increase in volume was driven by growth across our Denmark-based Novasol brand, our U.K. cottage and parks brands and our Netherlands-based Landal GreenParks brand. The decline in average net price per vacation rental was a result of the mix impact from higher growth in our more moderate product offerings primarily related to our U.K. cottages and parks brands.

Exchange and related services revenue, which principally consist of fees generated from memberships, exchange transactions, member-related rentals and other member servicing decreased $3 million. Excluding an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $8 million, exchange and related services revenue increased $5 million primarily due to (i) a 0.7% increase in the average number of members principally resulting from new member growth in North America and (ii) a 0.4% increase in exchange revenue per member resulting from increased pricing for exchange and other related fees, partially offset by the impact of growth in club memberships in North America where there is a lower propensity to transact.


38


In addition, EBITDA was unfavorably impacted by:
$26 million of higher costs resulting from revenue increases;
$4 million of higher IT costs primarily related to growth initiatives;
the absence of a $4 million benefit from a reserve reversal for value-added taxes resulting from a favorable ruling during the first quarter of 2015; and
a $2 million non-cash impairment charge related to the write-down of an equity investment.

Such amounts were partially offset by (i) $5 million of lower operating expenses at our U.K.-based James Villa Holidays brand associated with securing product cost at 2015 exchange rates prior to the 2016 currency devaluation of the British pound and (ii) a $2 million favorable impact from foreign exchange transactions and foreign exchange contracts.

EBITDA also benefited by $3 million from the settlement of business disruption claims received during both 2016 and 2015 related to the 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill.

Vacation Ownership

Net revenues increased $22 million (1.1%) and EBITDA decreased $1 million (0.2%), respectively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the same period of 2015. Foreign currency translation unfavorably impacted net revenues and EBITDA by $4 million and $1 million, respectively.
Net VOI revenues decreased $10 million compared to the same period last year. Excluding an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $3 million, net VOI revenues decreased $7 million. Such decrease was primarily due to (i) a $72 million increase in our provision for loan losses principally attributable to organized activities by third-parties to encourage customers to default on their timeshare loans and a higher amount of VOIs financed and (ii) the absence of $11 million of VOI revenues recognized under percentage-of-completion accounting during the same period of 2015. Such decreases were partially offset by $73 million of higher gross VOI sales, net of WAAM Fee-for-service sales.

Excluding a $3 million unfavorable impact from foreign currency translation, Gross VOI sales increased $56 million (3.8%) compared to the same period last year primarily due to a 3.5% increase in tours as a result of our continued focus on targeting new owner generation. VPG remained flat compared to the prior year.

Commission revenues decreased $9 million compared to the prior year resulting from lower WAAM Fee-for-service VOI sales as we continue to shift our focus on utilizing our WAAM Just-in-Time inventory. EBITDA generated from WAAM Fee-for-Service increased $2 million primarily due to lower sales expenses on such VOI sales.
Consumer financing revenues and EBITDA increased $9 million and $8 million, respectively compared to the same period last year. Such increases were due to a higher weighted average interest rate earned and a larger average portfolio balance. EBITDA was also impacted by higher interest expense resulting from an increase in the weighted average interest rate on our securitized debt to 3.6% from 3.5% partially offset by a lower average securitized debt balance. As a result, our net interest income margin increased to 83.1% compared to 82.7% during 2015.
Property management revenues and EBITDA increased by $32 million and $11 million compared to the prior year primarily as a result of higher reimbursable revenues and management fees.
In addition, EBITDA was unfavorably impacted by:
a $26 million increase in marketing costs due to tour growth and our continued focus on new owner generation which yield a higher cost per tour;
$15 million of higher sales and commission expenses primarily due to $73 million of higher gross VOI sales, net of WAAM Fee-for-Service; and
$5 million of higher restructuring charges.

Such decreases in EBITDA were partially offset by:
a $9 million reduction in the cost of VOIs sold primarily due to the favorable impact on estimated inventory recoveries resulting from an increase in the provision for loan losses partially offset by (i) higher costs related to the increase in VOI sales and (ii) higher average product costs;
$9 million received during 2016 resulting from the settlement of several business interruption claims; and
an $18 million decrease in expenses associated with lower employee related costs and favorable legal settlements.


39


Corporate and Other
Corporate and Other revenues, which primarily represent the elimination of intersegment revenues charged between our businesses, decreased $4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to 2015.

Corporate expenses (excluding intercompany expense eliminations) decreased $3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the prior year primarily due to lower information technology and employee related costs partially offset by higher expenses associated with our restructuring initiative.

RESTRUCTURING PLANS

During the third quarter of 2016, we recorded $14 million of restructuring initiatives primarily focused on enhancing organizational efficiency and rationalizing existing facilities which resulted in the closure of three vacation ownership sales offices during October 2016. In connection with these initiatives, we recorded $12 million of personnel-related costs and a $2 million non-cash charge. The remaining liability of $12 million as of September 30, 2016 is expected to be paid primarily by the end of 2017. We anticipate annual net savings from such initiatives to be $20 million.

During 2015, we recorded $8 million of costs associated with restructuring activities focused on a realignment of brand services and call center operations within our hotel group business, a rationalization of international operations within our destination network business and a reorganization of the sales function within our vacation ownership business. In connection with these initiatives, we initially recorded $7 million of personnel-related costs and a $1 million non-cash asset impairment charge associated with a facility. We subsequently reversed $2 million of previously recorded personnel-related costs and reduced our liability with $2 million of cash payments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we paid our remaining liability with $3 million of cash payments.

We have additional restructuring plans which were implemented prior to 2015. The remaining liability of $1 million as of September 30, 2016, all of which is related to leased facilities, is expected to be paid by 2020.

FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
FINANCIAL CONDITION
 
September 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
Change
Total assets
$
9,743

 
$
9,591

 
$
152

Total liabilities
8,946

 
8,638

 
308

Total equity
797

 
953

 
(156
)

Total assets increased $152 million from December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 primarily due to:

a $161 million increase in cash and cash equivalents primarily due to seasonality in our vacation rentals businesses and growth within our international operations;
a $55 million increase in inventory resulting from (i) current year spend on vacation ownership development projects and (ii) the transfer of property and equipment to inventory, partially offset by VOI sales; and
a $50 million increase in vacation ownership contract receivables primarily due to net loan originations exceeding principal collections and loan loss provision.
 
Such increases in assets were partially offset by:
a $44 million decrease in trade receivables principally due to collections on advanced bookings resulting from seasonality at our vacation rentals business; and
a $41 million reduction in net property and equipment resulting from (i) $160 million of current year depreciation and (ii) the transfer of property and equipment to VOI inventory, partially offset by $136 million of property and equipment additions.

Total liabilities increased $308 million from December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 primarily due to $276 million increase in long term debt and a $44 million increase in deferred income taxes primarily related to higher gross VOI sales.


40


Total equity decreased $156 million from December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 primarily due to $475 million of stock repurchases and $173 million of dividends, partially offset by $447 million of net income attributable to Wyndham shareholders.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Currently, our financing needs are supported by cash generated from operations and borrowings under our revolving credit facility and commercial paper programs as well as issuance of long-term unsecured debt. In addition, certain funding requirements of our vacation ownership business are met through the utilization of our bank conduit facility and the issuance of securitized debt to finance vacation ownership contract receivables. We believe that our net cash from operations, cash and cash equivalents, access to our revolving credit facility, commercial paper programs and continued access to the securitization and debt markets provide us with sufficient liquidity to meet our ongoing needs.

Our five-year revolving credit facility, which expires in July 2020, has a total capacity of $1.5 billion. As of September 30, 2016, we had $1.1 billion of available capacity, net of letters of credit and commercial paper borrowings. We consider outstanding borrowings under our commercial paper programs to be a reduction of the available capacity under our revolving credit facility.

We maintain U.S. and European commercial paper programs under which we may issue unsecured commercial paper notes up to a maximum amount of $750 million and $500 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2016, we had $404 million of outstanding commercial paper borrowings, all under the U.S. program.

We entered into a five-year $325 million term loan agreement which matures on March 24, 2021. The term loan requires principal payments, payable in equal quarterly installments, of 5% per annum of the original loan balance, commencing with the third anniversary of the loan, and 10% per annum of the original loan balance, commencing with the fourth anniversary of the loan, with the remaining balance payable at maturity.

Our $300 million 2.95% senior unsecured notes, with a carrying value of $300 million, are due in March 2017. Our intent is to refinance such notes on a long-term basis and we have the ability to do so with available capacity under our revolving credit facility.

Our two-year securitized vacation ownership bank conduit facility, which expires in August 2018, has a total capacity of $650 million and available capacity of $370 million as of September 30, 2016.

We may, from time to time, depending on market conditions and other factors, repurchase our outstanding indebtedness, whether or not such indebtedness trades above or below its face amount, for cash and/or in exchange for other securities or other consideration, in each case in open market purchases and/or privately negotiated transactions.

CASH FLOW

The following table summarizes the changes in cash and cash equivalents during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Change
Cash provided by/(used in)
 
 
 
 
 
Operating activities
$
786

 
$
817

 
$
(31
)
Investing activities
(172
)
 
(244
)
 
72

Financing activities
(442
)
 
(477
)
 
35

Effects of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
(11
)
 
(20
)
 
9

Net change in cash and cash equivalents
$
161

 
$
76

 
$
85


Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $31 million compared to the prior year. Such decline reflects a $156 million increase in cash utilized for working capital (net change in assets and liabilities) primarily due to an increase in vacation ownership contract receivables resulting from higher originations, and a reduction in accrued expenses associated with lower employee related costs, partially offset by the timing of income tax payments.


41


Net income adjusted for non-cash items increased cash from operations by $125 million compared to the prior year primarily due to an increase in provision for loan losses and deferred income taxes, partially offset by an unfavorable impact from the devaluation of the exchange rate of Venezuela.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities decreased $72 million compared to the prior year, principally reflecting $60 million of lower acquisition payments.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities decreased by $35 million compared to last year, principally the result of (i) $54 million of higher net borrowings on non-securitized debt and (ii) $46 million of higher net borrowings on securitized vacation ownership debt partially offset by $66 million of lower net proceeds received in connection with the sale of vacation ownership inventory which is subject to conditional repurchase.

Capital Deployment

We focus on optimizing cash flow and seek to deploy capital for the highest possible returns. Ultimately, our business objective is to grow our business while transforming our cash and earnings profile by managing our cash streams to derive a greater proportion of EBITDA from our fee-for-service businesses. We intend to continue to invest in select capital and technological improvements across our business. We may also seek to acquire additional franchise agreements, hotel/property management contracts and exclusive agreements for vacation rental properties on a strategic and selective basis as well as grow the business through merger and acquisition activities. In addition, we intend to return cash to shareholders through the repurchase of common stock and payment of dividends.

We expect to generate annual net cash provided by operating activities less property and equipment additions (which we also refer to as capital expenditures) of approximately $800 million during 2016. We anticipate net cash provided by operating activities of $990 million to $1,010 million and net cash used for capital expenditures of $190 million to $210 million during 2016. Net cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures amounted to $769 million during 2015, which was comprised of net cash provided by operating activities of $991 million less capital expenditures of $222 million. We believe net cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures is a useful operating performance measure to evaluate the ability of our operations to generate cash for uses other than capital expenditures and, after debt service and other obligations, our ability to grow our business through acquisitions, development advances, and equity investments, as well as our ability to return cash to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we spent $135 million on vacation ownership development projects (inventory). We believe that our vacation ownership business currently has adequate finished inventory on our balance sheet to support vacation ownership sales for at least the next year. During 2016, we anticipate spending $195 million to $205 million on vacation ownership development projects. The average inventory spend on vacation ownership development projects for the five year period 2016 through 2020 is expected to be approximately $225 million annually. After factoring in the anticipated additional average annual spending, we expect to have adequate inventory to support vacation ownership sales through at least the next four to five years.

We spent $136 million on capital expenditures during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, primarily on information technology enhancement projects and renovations at our owned Rio Mar hotel and chalets at our Landal GreenParks business.

In connection with our focus on optimizing cash flow we are continuing our asset-light efforts in vacation ownership by seeking opportunities with financial partners whereby they make strategic investments to develop assets on our behalf. We refer to this as WAAM Just-in-Time. The partner may invest in new ground-up development projects or purchase from us, for cash, existing in-process inventory which currently resides on our balance sheet. The partner will complete the development of the project and we may purchase finished inventory at a future date as needed or as obligated under the agreement.
We expect that the majority of the expenditures that will be required to pursue our capital spending programs, strategic investments and vacation ownership development projects will be financed with cash flow generated through operations. Additional expenditures are financed with general unsecured corporate borrowings, including through the use of available capacity under our revolving credit facility and commercial paper programs.


42


Stock Repurchase Program

On August 20, 2007, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a stock repurchase program that enables us to purchase our common stock. The Board has since increased the capacity of the program seven times, most recently on February 8, 2016 by $1.0 billion, bringing the total authorization under the current program to $5.0 billion. Proceeds received from stock option exercises have increased repurchase capacity by $78 million since the inception of this program.

Under our current stock repurchase program, we repurchased 6.8 million shares at an average price of $70.35 for a cost of $475 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. From August 20, 2007 through September 30, 2016, we repurchased 86 million shares at an average price of $48.70 for a cost of $4.2 billion.

As of September 30, 2016, we have repurchased under our current and prior stock repurchase programs a total of 111 million shares at an average price of $44.99 for a cost of $5.0 billion since our Separation.

During the period October 1, 2016 through October 25, 2016, we repurchased an additional 0.7 million shares at an average price of $67.66 for a cost of $50 million. We currently have $841 million of remaining availability in our program. The amount and timing of specific repurchases are subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other factors. Repurchases may be conducted in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.

Dividend Policy

During each of the quarterly periods ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016, we paid cash dividends of $0.50 per share ($169 million in aggregate). During each of the quarterly periods ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2015, we paid cash dividends of $0.42 per share ($153 million in aggregate).

Our ongoing dividend policy for the future is to grow our dividend at least at the rate of growth of our earnings. The declaration and payment of future dividends to holders of our common stock are at the discretion of our Board and depend upon many factors, including our financial condition, earnings, capital requirements of our business, covenants associated with certain debt obligations, legal requirements, regulatory constraints, industry practice and other factors that our Board deems relevant. There is no assurance that a payment of a dividend will occur in the future.

Financial Obligations
Long-Term Debt Covenants
The revolving credit facility and term loan are subject to covenants including the maintenance of specific financial ratios. The financial ratio covenants consist of a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio of at least 2.5 to 1.0 as of the measurement date and a maximum consolidated leverage ratio not to exceed 4.25 to 1.0 as of the measurement date (provided that the consolidated leverage ratio may be increased for a limited period to 5.0 to 1.0 in connection with a material acquisition). The consolidated interest coverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement) by consolidated interest expense (as defined in the credit agreement), both as measured on a trailing 12 month basis preceding the measurement date. As of September 30, 2016, our consolidated interest coverage ratio was 10.1 times. Consolidated interest expense excludes, among other things, interest expense on any securitization indebtedness (as defined in the credit agreement). The consolidated leverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated total indebtedness (as defined in the credit agreement and which excludes, among other things, securitization indebtedness) as of the measurement date by consolidated EBITDA as measured on a trailing 12 month basis preceding the measurement date. As of September 30, 2016, our consolidated leverage ratio was 2.4 times. Covenants in the credit facility and term loan also include limitations on indebtedness of material subsidiaries; liens; mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions; and the sale of all or substantially all of our assets. Events of default in this credit facility include failure to pay interest, principal and fees when due; breach of a covenant or warranty; acceleration of or failure to pay other debt in excess of $50 million (excluding securitization indebtedness); insolvency matters; and a change of control.

All of our senior unsecured notes contain various covenants including limitations on liens, limitations on potential sale and leaseback transactions and change of control restrictions. In addition, there are limitations on mergers, consolidations and potential sale of all or substantially all of our assets. Events of default in the notes include failure to pay interest and principal when due, breach of a covenant or warranty, acceleration of other debt in excess of $50 million and insolvency matters.

As of September 30, 2016, we were in compliance with all of the financial covenants described above.


43


Each of our non-recourse, securitized term notes and the bank conduit facility contain various triggers relating to the performance of the applicable loan pools. If the vacation ownership contract receivables pool that collateralizes one of our securitization notes fails to perform within the parameters established by the contractual triggers (such as higher default or delinquency rates), there are provisions pursuant to which the cash flows for that pool will be maintained in the securitization as extra collateral for the note holders or applied to accelerate the repayment of outstanding principal to the note holders. As of September 30, 2016, all of our securitized loan pools were in compliance with applicable contractual triggers.

LIQUIDITY
Our vacation ownership business finances certain of its receivables through (i) an asset-backed bank conduit facility and (ii) periodically accessing the capital markets by issuing asset-backed securities. None of the currently outstanding asset-backed securities contain any recourse provisions to us other than interest rate risk related to swap counterparties (solely to the extent that the amount outstanding on our notes differs from the forecasted amortization schedule at the time of issuance).

We believe that our bank conduit facility, with a term through August 2018 and capacity of $650 million, combined with our ability to issue term asset-backed securities, should provide sufficient liquidity for our expected sales pace and we expect to have available liquidity to finance the sale of VOIs.

As of September 30, 2016, we had $370 million of availability under our asset-backed bank conduit facility. Any disruption to the asset-backed market could adversely impact our ability to obtain such financings.

We maintain commercial paper programs under which we may issue unsecured commercial paper notes up to a maximum amount of $1.25 billion. We allocate a portion of our available capacity under our revolving credit facility to repay outstanding commercial paper borrowings in the event that the commercial paper market is not available to us for any reason when outstanding borrowings mature. As of September 30, 2016, we had $404 million of outstanding borrowings and the total available capacity was $846 million under these programs.

We primarily utilize surety bonds at our vacation ownership business for sales and development transactions in order to meet regulatory requirements of certain states. In the ordinary course of our business, we have assembled commitments from twelve surety providers in the amount of $1.3 billion, of which we had $503 million outstanding as of September 30, 2016. The availability, terms and conditions and pricing of such bonding capacity are dependent on, among other things, continued financial strength and stability of the insurance company affiliates providing the bonding capacity, general availability of such capacity and our corporate credit rating. If bonding capacity is unavailable, or alternatively, if the terms and conditions and pricing of such bonding capacity are unacceptable to us, our vacation ownership business could be negatively impacted.

Our liquidity position may also be negatively affected by unfavorable conditions in the capital markets in which we operate or if our vacation ownership contract receivables portfolios do not meet specified portfolio credit parameters. Our liquidity as it relates to our vacation ownership contract receivables securitization program could be adversely affected if we were to fail to renew or replace our conduit facility on its expiration date, or if a particular receivables pool were to fail to meet certain ratios, which could occur in certain instances if the default rates or other credit metrics of the underlying vacation ownership contract receivables deteriorate. Our ability to sell securities backed by our vacation ownership contract receivables depends on the continued ability and willingness of capital market participants to invest in such securities.

Our senior unsecured debt is rated Baa3 with a “stable outlook” by Moody’s Investors Service and BBB- with a “stable outlook” by both Standard and Poor’s and Fitch Rating Agency. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and is subject to revision or withdrawal by the assigning rating organization. Reference in this report to any such credit rating is intended for the limited purpose of discussing or referring to aspects of our liquidity and of our costs of funds. Any reference to a credit rating is not intended to be any guarantee or assurance of, nor should there be any undue reliance upon, any credit rating or change in credit rating, nor is any such reference intended as any inference concerning future performance, future liquidity or any future credit rating.


44


SEASONALITY
We experience seasonal fluctuations in our net revenues and net income from our franchise and management fees, commission income earned from renting vacation properties, annual membership fees, exchange and member-related transaction fees and sales of VOIs. Revenues from franchise and management fees are generally higher in the second and third quarters than in the first or fourth quarters due to increased leisure travel during the spring and summer months. Revenues from vacation rentals are generally highest in the third quarter, when vacation arrivals are highest, combined with a compressed booking window. Revenues from vacation exchange fees are generally highest in the first quarter, which is generally when members of our vacation exchange business plan and book their vacations for the year. Revenues from sales of VOIs are generally higher in the third quarter than in other quarters due to increased leisure travel. The seasonality of our business may cause fluctuations in our quarterly operating results. As we expand into new markets and geographical locations, we may experience increased or different seasonality dynamics that create fluctuations in operating results different from the fluctuations we have experienced in the past.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
We are involved in claims, legal and regulatory proceedings and governmental inquiries related to our business. Litigation is inherently unpredictable and, although we believe that our accruals are adequate and/or that we have valid defenses in these matters, unfavorable results could occur. As such, an adverse outcome from such proceedings for which claims are awarded in excess of the amounts accrued, if any, could be material to us with respect to earnings or cash flows in any given reporting period. As of September 30, 2016, the potential exposure resulting from adverse outcomes of such legal proceedings could, in the aggregate, range up to $45 million in excess of recorded accruals. However, we do not believe that the impact of such litigation should result in a material liability to us in relation to our consolidated financial position or liquidity.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
The following table summarizes our future contractual obligations for the twelve month periods set forth below:
 
10/1/16 - 9/30/17
 
10/1/17 - 9/30/18
 
10/1/18 - 9/30/19
 
10/1/19 - 9/30/20
 
10/1/20 - 9/30/21
 
Thereafter
 
Total
Securitized debt (a)
$
200

 
$
193

 
$
430

 
$
202

 
$
215

 
$
858

 
$
2,098

Long-term debt (b)
333

 
478

 
26

 
497

 
542

 
1,475

 
3,351

Interest on debt (c)
176

 
162

 
151

 
139

 
103

 
133

 
864

Operating leases
86

 
70

 
56

 
42

 
33

 
173

 
460

Purchase commitments (d)
201

 
121

 
58

 
25

 
27

 
48

 
480

Inventory sold subject to conditional repurchase (e)
106

 
105

 
69

 
38

 
56

 
30

 
404

Separation liabilities (f)
6

 
28

 

 

 

 

 
34

Total (g) (h)
$
1,108

 
$
1,157

 
$
790

 
$
943

 
$
976

 
$
2,717

 
$
7,691

 
(a) 
Represents debt that is securitized through bankruptcy-remote special purpose entities the creditors to which have no recourse to us for principal and interest.
(b) 
Includes $300 million of senior unsecured notes due during March 2017 which we intend to refinance on a long-term basis and have the ability to do so with available capacity under our revolving credit facility.
(c) 
Includes interest on both securitized and long-term debt; estimated using the stated interest rates on our long-term debt and the swapped interest rates on our securitized debt.
(d) 
Includes (i) $164 million for information technology activities, (ii) $101 million for marketing related activities and (iii) $131 million relating to the development of vacation ownership properties, of which $44 million is included within total liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(e) 
Represents obligations to repurchase completed vacation ownership properties from third-party developers (See Note 6 – Inventory for further detail) of which $131 million are included within total liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(f) 
Represents liabilities which we assumed and are responsible for pursuant to our Separation (See Note 17 – Separation Adjustments and Transactions with Former Parent and Subsidiaries for further details).
(g) 
Excludes a $38 million liability for unrecognized tax benefits associated with the guidance for uncertainty in income taxes since it is not reasonably estimable to determine the periods in which such liability would be settled with the respective tax authorities.
(h) 
Excludes other guarantees at our hotel group business as it is not reasonably estimable to determine the periods in which such commitments would be settled (See Note 12– Commitments and Contingencies for further details).


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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
In presenting our financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported therein. Several of the estimates and assumptions we are required to make relate to matters that are inherently uncertain as they pertain to future events. However, events that are outside of our control cannot be predicted and, as such, they cannot be contemplated in evaluating such estimates and assumptions. If there is a significant unfavorable change to current conditions, it could result in a material impact to our consolidated results of operations, financial position and liquidity. We believe that the estimates and assumptions we used when preparing our financial statements were the most appropriate at that time. These Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report filed on Form 10-K with the SEC on February 12, 2016, which includes a description of our critical accounting policies that involve subjective and complex judgments that could potentially affect reported results. While there have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies as to the methodologies or assumptions we apply under them, we continue to monitor such methodologies and assumptions.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks.
We assess our market risks based on changes in interest and foreign currency exchange rates utilizing a sensitivity analysis that measures the potential impact in earnings, fair values and cash flows based on a hypothetical 10% change (increase and decrease) in interest and foreign currency exchange rates. We used September 30, 2016 market rates to perform a sensitivity analysis separately for each of our market risk exposures. The estimates assume instantaneous, parallel shifts in interest rate yield curves and exchange rates. We have determined, through such analyses, that a hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates would have resulted in approximately a $7 million increase or decrease to the fair value of our outstanding forward foreign currency exchange contracts, which would generally be offset by an opposite effect on the underlying exposure being economically hedged.

Our variable rate borrowings, which include our commercial paper, term loan, bank conduit facility and revolving credit facility, expose us to risks caused by fluctuations in the applicable interest rates. The total outstanding balance of such variable rate borrowings was approximately $1 billion at September 30, 2016. A 100 basis point change in the underlying interest rates would result in approximately a $10 million increase or decrease on our annual interest expense.

As such, we believe that a 10% change in interest and foreign currency exchange rates would not have a material effect on our prices, earnings, fair values and cash flows.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
(a)
Disclosure Controls and Procedures.  As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13(a)-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on such evaluation, our principal executive and principal financial officers concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and operating to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b)
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the period to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. As of September 30, 2016, we utilized the criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the Treadway Commission.



46


PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
We are involved in various claims and lawsuits, none of which, in the opinion of management, is expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of claims and legal actions applicable to our business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.
The discussion of our business and operations should be read together with the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are or may become subject. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies or prospects in a material and adverse manner. As of September 30, 2016, there have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
(c)
Below is a summary of our Wyndham common stock repurchases by month for the quarter ended September 30, 2016:
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased

Average Price Paid per Share

Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plan

Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under Plan

July 1-31, 2016
773,400

$
73.11

773,400

$
984,413,214

August 1-31, 2016
690,400

$
70.27

690,400

$
935,899,376

September 1-30, 2016
657,112

$
68.27

657,112

$
891,035,509

Total
2,120,912

$
70.69

2,120,912

$
891,035,509

(*) Includes 93,654 shares purchased for which the trade date occurred during September 2016 while settlement occurred during October 2016.
On August 20, 2007, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program that enables us to purchase our common stock. The Board has since increased the program seven times, most recently on February 8, 2016 for $1.0 billion, bringing the total authorization under the program to $5.0 billion. Under our current and prior stock repurchase plans, the total authorization is $5.8 billion.
During the period October 1, 2016 through October 25, 2016, we repurchased an additional 0.7 million shares at an average price of $67.66. We currently have $841 million of remaining availability in our program. The amount and timing of specific repurchases are subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other factors. Repurchases may be conducted in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.
None.

Item 6. Exhibits.
The exhibit index appears on the page immediately following the signature page of this report.

47


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
 
WYNDHAM WORLDWIDE CORPORATION
 
 
 
Date: October 26, 2016
By:
/s/ Thomas G. Conforti
 
 
Thomas G. Conforti
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
Date: October 26, 2016
By:
/s/ Nicola Rossi
 
 
Nicola Rossi
 
 
Chief Accounting Officer


48


Exhibit Index

Exhibit No.
Description
10.1
Seventh Amendment, dated as of August 23, 2016, to the Amended and Restated Indenture and Servicing Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2010, by and among Sierra Timeshare Conduit Receivables Funding II, LLC, as Issuer, Wyndham Consumer Finance, Inc., as Servicer, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee and U.S. Bank National Association, as Collateral Agent
12*
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
15*
Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Information
31.1*
Certification of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
31.2*
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
32**
Certification of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101.INS*
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
*
Filed with this report
** Furnished with this report


49