CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORP - FORM 10-Q

Attached files

file	filename
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORP	v438810_ex31-1.htm
EX-32 - EXHIBIT 32 - CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORP	v438810_ex32.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORP	v438810_ex31-2.htm

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______________ to _________________________.

Commission file number: 000-16084

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

PENNSYLVANIA	23-2451943
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)

90-92 MAIN STREET, WELLSBORO, PA 16901

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

570-724-3411

(Registrant's telephone number including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer x Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ¨ No x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock ($1.00 par value)

12,048,128 Shares Outstanding on May 2, 2016

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION

Index

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) – March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015		Page 3

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) – Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015		Page 4

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) – Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015		Page 5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) – Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015		Page 6

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) - Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015		Page 7

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements		Pages 8 – 36

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		Pages 37 – 53

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		Pages 54 – 56

Item 4. Controls and Procedures		Page 56

Part II. Other Information		Pages 57 – 58

Signatures		Page 59

Exhibit 31.1. Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification - Chief Executive Officer		Page 60

Exhibit 31.2. Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification - Chief Financial Officer		Page 61

Exhibit 32. Section 1350 Certifications		Page 62

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data) (Unaudited)

	March 31,			December 31,
	2016			2015
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks:
Noninterest-bearing	$	13,744		$	14,710
Interest-bearing		27,429			21,351
Total cash and due from banks		41,173			36,061
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value		413,606			420,290
Loans held for sale		526			280

Loans receivable		701,605			704,880
Allowance for loan losses		(7,661	)		(7,889	)
Loans, net		693,944			696,991
Bank-owned life insurance		19,418			20,764
Accrued interest receivable		3,900			3,768
Bank premises and equipment, net		15,376			15,406
Foreclosed assets held for sale		1,584			1,260
Deferred tax asset, net		949			3,115
Intangible asset - Core deposit intangibles		27			30
Intangible asset - Goodwill		11,942			11,942
Other assets		14,099			13,510
TOTAL ASSETS	$	1,216,544		$	1,223,417

LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	$	216,679		$	211,041
Interest-bearing		739,169			724,574
Total deposits		955,848			935,615
Short-term borrowings		25,952			53,496
Long-term borrowings		38,692			38,767
Accrued interest and other liabilities		7,742			8,052
TOTAL LIABILITIES		1,028,234			1,035,930

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock, $1,000 par value; authorized 30,000 shares; $1,000 liquidation preference per share; no shares issued at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015		0			0
Common stock, par value $1.00 per share; authorized 20,000,000 shares in 2016 and 2015; issued 12,655,171 at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015; outstanding 12,081,030 at March 31, 2016 and 12,180,623 December 31, 2015		12,655			12,655
Paid-in capital		71,212			71,654
Retained earnings		109,901			109,454
Treasury stock, at cost; 574,141 shares at March 31, 2016 and 474,548 shares at December 31, 2015		(10,854	)		(8,804	)
Sub-total		182,914			184,959
Accumulated other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities		5,347			2,493
Defined benefit plans gain		49			35
Total accumulated other comprehensive income		5,396			2,528
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY		188,310			187,487
TOTAL LIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	1,216,544		$	1,223,417

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Consolidated Statements of Income

(In Thousands Except Per Share Data) (Unaudited)

	3 Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,
	2016			2015
INTEREST INCOME
Interest and fees on loans	$	7,974		$	7,709
Interest on balances with depository institutions		24			26
Interest on loans to political subdivisions		448			349
Interest on mortgages held for sale		6			2
Income from available-for-sale securities:
Taxable		1,555			1,974
Tax-exempt		896			1,016
Dividends		34			87
Total interest and dividend income		10,937			11,163
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest on deposits		479			486
Interest on short-term borrowings		62			1
Interest on long-term borrowings		363			726
Total interest expense		904			1,213
Net interest income		10,033			9,950
Provision for loan losses		368			3
Net interest income after provision for loan losses		9,665			9,947
OTHER INCOME
Service charges on deposit accounts		1,138			1,022
Service charges and fees		94			113
Trust and financial management revenue		1,144			1,114
Brokerage revenue		173			219
Insurance commissions, fees and premiums		21			40
Interchange revenue from debit card transactions		463			474
Net gains from sale of loans		168			147
(Decrease) in fair value of servicing rights		(71	)		(117	)
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		96			97
Other operating income		464			447
Sub-total		3,690			3,556
Realized gains on available-for-sale securities, net		383			74
Total other income		4,073			3,630
OTHER EXPENSES
Salaries and wages		3,887			3,487
Pensions and other employee benefits		1,437			1,385
Occupancy expense, net		609			722
Furniture and equipment expense		427			454
FDIC Assessments		142			151
Pennsylvania shares tax		322			318
Professional fees		289			156
Automated teller machine and interchange expense		249			246
Software subscriptions		241			197
Other operating expense		1,469			1,417
Total other expenses		9,072			8,533
Income before income tax provision		4,666			5,044
Income tax provision		1,093			1,229
NET INCOME	$	3,573		$	3,815
NET INCOME PER SHARE - BASIC	$	0.29		$	0.31
NET INCOME PER SHARE - DILUTED	$	0.29		$	0.31

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In Thousands)

	3 Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,
	2016			2015
Net income	$	3,573		$	3,815

Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities:
Unrealized holding gains on available-for-sale securities		4,774			3,725
Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in income		(383	)		(74	)
Other comprehensive gain on available-for-sale securities		4,391			3,651

Unfunded pension and postretirement obligations:
Changes from plan amendments and actuarial gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss)		26			(100	)
Amortization of net transition obligation, prior service cost and net actuarial loss included in net periodic benefit cost		(5	)		(3	)
Other comprehensive gain (loss) on unfunded retirement obligations		21			(103	)

Other comprehensive income before income tax		4,412			3,548
Income tax related to other comprehensive income		(1,544	)		(1,242	)

Net other comprehensive income		2,868			2,306

Comprehensive income	$	6,441		$	6,121

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In Thousands) (Unaudited)

	3 Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,
	2016			2015
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	3,573		$	3,815
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses		368			3
Realized gains on available-for-sale securities, net		(383	)		(74	)
Realized loss on foreclosed assets		46			13
Depreciation expense		408			469
Accretion and amortization on securities, net		297			383
Accretion and amortization on loans and deposits, net		(4	)		(5	)
Decrease in fair value of servicing rights		71			117
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		(96	)		(97	)
Stock-based compensation		162			150
Amortization of core deposit intangibles		3			5
Deferred income taxes		622			440
Gains on sales of loans, net		(168	)		(147	)
Origination of loans for sale		(4,975	)		(4,150	)
Proceeds from sales of loans		4,861			4,052
Increase in accrued interest receivable and other assets		(759	)		(1,752	)
(Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable and other liabilities		(289	)		487
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities		3,737			3,709
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from maturities of certificates of deposit		100			0
Purchase of certificate of deposit		(100	)		0
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities		8,695			861
Proceeds from calls and maturities of available-for-sale securities		17,318			19,400
Purchase of available-for-sale securities		(14,852	)		(28,152	)
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh stock		2,297			485
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh stock		(901	)		(546	)
Net decrease in loans		2,313			1,402
Purchase of premises and equipment		(378	)		(367	)
Return of principal on limited liability entity investments		49			54
Proceeds from sale of foreclosed assets		0			191
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities		14,541			(6,672	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net increase in deposits		20,233			8,645
Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowings		(27,544	)		303
Repayments of long-term borrowings		(75	)		(72	)
Purchase of treasury stock		(3,070	)		(3,022	)
Sale of treasury stock		34			279
Tax benefit from compensation plans		45			42
Common dividends paid		(2,789	)		(2,829	)
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities		(13,166	)		3,346
INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		5,112			383
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR		33,313			31,619
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD	$	38,425		$	32,002

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Assets acquired through foreclosure of real estate loans	$	370		$	598
Accrued redemption of bank-owned life insurance policy	$	1,442		$	0
Interest paid	$	905		$	1,201
Income taxes paid	$	225		$	175

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

(In Thousands Except Share and Per Share Data)

(Unaudited)

														Accumulated
														Other
	Common		Treasury			Common		Paid-in			Retained			Comprehensive		Treasury
	Shares		Shares			Stock		Capital			Earnings			Income		Stock			Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Balance, December 31, 2015		12,655,171		474,548		$	12,655	$	71,654		$	109,454		$	2,528	$	(8,804	)	$	187,487
Net income												3,573								3,573
Other comprehensive income, net															2,868					2,868
Cash dividends declared on common stock, $0.26 per share												(3,165	)							(3,165	)
Shares issued for dividend reinvestment plan				(18,777	)				24								352			376
Treasury stock purchased				154,350													(3,070	)		(3,070	)
Shares issued from treasury for exercise of stock options				(2,090	)				(4	)							38			34
Restricted stock granted				(34,199	)				(635	)							635			0
Forfeiture of restricted stock				309					5								(5	)		0
Stock-based compensation expense									162											162
Tax benefit from dividends on restricted stock									6											6
Tax benefit from employee benefit plan												39								39
Balance, March 31, 2016		12,655,171		574,141		$	12,655	$	71,212		$	109,901		$	5,396	$	(10,854	)	$	188,310

Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
Balance, December 31, 2014		12,655,171		375,191		$	12,655	$	71,541		$	105,550		$	5,360	$	(6,744	)	$	188,362
Net income												3,815								3,815
Other comprehensive income, net															2,306					2,306
Cash dividends declared on common stock, $0.26 per share												(3,201	)							(3,201	)
Shares issued for dividend reinvestment plan				(19,239	)												372			372
Treasury stock purchased				155,800													(3,022	)		(3,022	)
Shares issued from treasury for exercise of stock options				(16,908	)				(28	)							307			279
Restricted stock granted				(34,800	)				(627	)							627			0
Forfeiture of restricted stock				1,943					33								(33	)		0
Stock-based compensation expense									150											150
Tax benefit from dividends on restricted stock									5											5
Tax benefit from employee benefit plan												37								37
Balance, March 31, 2015		12,655,171		461,987		$	12,655	$	71,074		$	106,201		$	7,666	$	(8,493	)	$	189,103

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

1. BASIS OF INTERIM PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial information included herein, with the exception of the consolidated balance sheet dated December 31, 2015, is unaudited. Such information reflects all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity for the interim periods; however, the information does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for a complete set of financial statements. Certain 2015 information has been reclassified for consistency with the 2016 presentation.

Operating results reported for the three-month ended March 31, 2016 might not be indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2016. The Corporation evaluates subsequent events through the date of filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

2. PER SHARE DATA

Net income per share is based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. The following data show the amounts used in computing basic and diluted net income per share. As shown in the table that follows, diluted earnings per share is computed using weighted average common shares outstanding, plus weighted-average common shares available from the exercise of all dilutive stock options, less the number of shares that could be repurchased with the proceeds of stock option exercises based on the average share price of the Corporation's common stock during the period.

			Weighted-
			Average			Earnings
	Net		Common			Per
	Income		Shares			Share
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Earnings per share – basic	$	3,573,000		12,155,108		$	0.29
Dilutive effect of potential common stock arising from stock options:
Exercise of outstanding stock options				198,985
Hypothetical share repurchase at $20.05				(178,215	)
Earnings per share – diluted	$	3,573,000		12,175,878		$	0.29

Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
Earnings per share – basic	$	3,815,000		12,268,306		$	0.31
Dilutive effect of potential common stock arising from stock options:
Exercise of outstanding stock options				181,385
Hypothetical share repurchase at $19.78				(160,552	)
Earnings per share – diluted	$	3,815,000		12,289,139		$	0.31

Stock options that were anti-dilutive were excluded from net income per share calculations. Weighted-average common shares available from anti-dilutive instruments totaled 47,309 shares in the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 and 103,104 shares in the three-month period ended March 31, 2015.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

3. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Comprehensive income is the total of (1) net income, and (2) all other changes in equity from non-stockholder sources, which are referred to as other comprehensive income. The components of other comprehensive income, and the related tax effects, are as follows:

(In Thousands)	Before- Tax			Income Tax			Net-of- Tax
	Amount			Effect			Amount
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities:
Unrealized holding gains on available-for-sale securities	$	4,774		$	(1,671	)	$	3,103
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) realized in income		(383	)		134			(249	)
Other comprehensive income on available-for-sale securities		4,391			(1,537	)		2,854

Unfunded pension and postretirement obligations:
Changes from plan amendments and actuarial gains and losses included in other comprehensive income		26			(9	)		17
Amortization of net transition obligation, prior service cost and net actuarial loss included in net periodic benefit cost		(5	)		2			(3	)
Other comprehensive income on unfunded retirement obligations		21			(7	)		14

Total other comprehensive income	$	4,412		$	(1,544	)	$	2,868

(In Thousands)	Before- Tax			Income Tax			Net-of- Tax
	Amount			Effect			Amount
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities:
Unrealized holding gains on available-for-sale securities	$	3,725		$	(1,304	)	$	2,421
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) realized in income		(74	)		26			(48	)
Other comprehensive income on available-for-sale securities		3,651			(1,278	)		2,373

Unfunded pension and postretirement obligations:
Changes from plan amendments and actuarial gains and losses included in other comprehensive income		(100	)		35			(65	)
Amortization of net transition obligation, prior service cost and net actuarial loss included in net periodic benefit cost		(3	)		1			(2	)
Other comprehensive loss on unfunded retirement obligations		(103	)		36			(67	)

Total other comprehensive income	$	3,548		$	(1,242	)	$	2,306

Changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income are as follows and are presented net of tax:

(In Thousands)	Unrealized			Unfunded			Accumulated
	Holding			Pension and			Other
	Gains			Postretirement			Comprehensive
	on Securities			Obligations			Income
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Balance, beginning of period	$	2,493		$	35		$	2,528
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		3,103			17			3,120
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		(249	)		(3	)		(252	)
Other comprehensive income		2,854			14			2,868
Balance, end of period	$	5,347		$	49		$	5,396

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

(In Thousands)	Unrealized			Unfunded			Accumulated
	Holding			Pension and			Other
	Gains			Postretirement			Comprehensive
	on Securities			Obligations			Income
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
Balance, beginning of period	$	5,281		$	79		$	5,360
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		2,421			(65	)		2,356
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		(48	)		(2	)		(50	)
Other comprehensive income		2,373			(67	)		2,306
Balance, end of period	$	7,654		$	12		$	7,666

Items reclassified out of each component of other comprehensive income are as follows:

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
(In Thousands)
	Reclassified from
Details about Accumulated Other	Accumulated Other			Affected Line Item in the Consolidated
Comprehensive Income Components	Comprehensive Income			Statements of Income
Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities	$	(383	)	Realized gains on available-for-sale securities, net
		134		Income tax provision
		(249	)	Net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension and postretirement items:
Prior service cost		(8	)	Pensions and other employee benefits
Actuarial loss		3		Pensions and other employee benefits
		(5	)	Total before tax
		2		Income tax provision
		(3	)	Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period	$	(252	)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
(In Thousands)
	Reclassified from
Details about Accumulated Other	Accumulated Other			Affected Line Item in the Consolidated
Comprehensive Income Components	Comprehensive Income			Statements of Income
Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities	$	(74	)	Realized gains on available-for-sale securities, net
		26		Income tax provision
		(48	)	Net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension and postretirement items:
Prior service cost		(7	)	Pensions and other employee benefits
Actuarial loss		4		Pensions and other employee benefits
		(3	)	Total before tax
		1		Income tax provision
		(2	)	Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period	$	(50	)

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

4. CASH AND DUE FROM BANKS

Cash and due from banks at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 include the following:

(In thousands)	March 31,		Dec. 31,
	2016		2015
Cash and cash equivalents	$	38,425	$	33,313
Certificates of deposit		2,748		2,748
Total cash and due from banks	$	41,173	$	36,061

Certificates of deposit are issues by U.S. banks with original maturities greater than three months. Each certificate of deposit is fully FDIC-insured. The Corporation maintains cash and cash equivalents with certain financial institutions in excess of the FDIC insurance limit.

The Corporation is required to maintain reserves against deposit liabilities in the form of cash and balances with the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. The reserves are based on deposit levels, account activity, and other services provided by the Federal Reserve Bank. Required reserves were $14,562,000 at March 31, 2016 and $15,327,000 at December 31, 2015.

5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Corporation measures certain assets at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. FASB ASC topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” establishes a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used in determining valuations into three levels. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 – Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Corporation for identical assets. These generally provide the most reliable evidence and are used to measure fair value whenever available.

Level 2 – Fair value is based on significant inputs, other than Level 1 inputs, that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset through corroboration with observable market data. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices in active markets for similar assets, quoted market prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets and other observable inputs.

Level 3 – Fair value is based on significant unobservable inputs. Examples of valuation methodologies that would result in Level 3 classification include option pricing models, discounted cash flows and other similar techniques.

The Corporation monitors and evaluates available data relating to fair value measurements on an ongoing basis and recognizes transfers among the levels of the fair value hierarchy as of the date of an event or change in circumstances that affects the valuation method chosen. Examples of such changes may include the market for a particular asset becoming active or inactive, changes in the availability of quoted prices, or changes in the availability of other market data.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, assets measured at fair value and the valuation methods used are as follows:

			March 31, 2016
	Quoted Prices		Other
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable			Total
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs			Fair
(In Thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)			Value

Recurring fair value measurements
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE SECURITIES:
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies	$	0	$	10,707	$	0		$	10,707
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
Tax-exempt		0		111,959		0			111,959
Taxable		0		35,094		0			35,094
Mortgage-backed securities		0		73,243		0			73,243
Collateralized mortgage obligations, Issued by U.S. Government agencies		0		180,860		0			180,860
Collateralized debt obligations		0		7		0			7
Total debt securities		0		411,870		0			411,870
Marketable equity securities		1,736		0		0			1,736
Total available-for-sale securities		1,736		411,870		0			413,606
Servicing rights		0		0		1,261			1,261
Total recurring fair value measurements	$	1,736	$	411,870	$	1,261		$	414,867

Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance	$	0	$	0	$	1,420		$	1,420
Valuation allowance		0		0		(306	)		(306	)
Impaired loans, net		0		0		1,114			1,114
Foreclosed assets held for sale		0		0		1,584			1,584
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements	$	0	$	0	$	2,698		$	2,698

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

			December 31, 2015
	Quoted Prices		Other
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable			Total
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs			Fair
(In Thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)			Value

Recurring fair value measurements
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE SECURITIES:
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies	$	0	$	10,483	$	0		$	10,483
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
Tax-exempt		0		107,757		0			107,757
Taxable		0		34,597		0			34,597
Mortgage-backed securities		0		73,343		0			73,343
Collateralized mortgage obligations, Issued by U.S. Government agencies		0		191,715		0			191,715
Collateralized debt obligations		0		9		0			9
Total debt securities		0		417,904		0			417,904
Marketable equity securities		2,386		0		0			2,386
Total available-for-sale securities		2,386		417,904		0			420,290
Servicing rights		0		0		1,296			1,296
Total recurring fair value measurements	$	2,386	$	417,904	$	1,296		$	421,586

Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance	$	0	$	0	$	1,933		$	1,933
Valuation allowance		0		0		(820	)		(820	)
Impaired loans, net		0		0		1,113			1,113
Foreclosed assets held for sale		0		0		1,260			1,260
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements	$	0	$	0	$	2,373		$	2,373

Management’s evaluation and selection of valuation techniques and the unobservable inputs used in determining the fair values of assets valued using Level 3 methodologies include sensitive assumptions. Other market participants might use substantially different assumptions, which could result in calculations of fair values that would be substantially different than the amount calculated by management.

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, quantitative information regarding significant techniques and inputs used for assets measured on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3 methodologies) are as follows:

	Fair Value at
	3/31/16		Valuation	Unobservable				Method or Value As of
Asset	(In Thousands)		Technique	Input(s)				3/31/16
Servicing rights	$	1,261	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate		10.00	%	Rate used through modeling period
				Loan prepayment speeds		168.00	%	Weighted-average PSA
				Servicing fees		0.25	%	of loan balances
						4.00	%	of payments are late
						5.00	%	late fees assessed
					$	1.94		Miscellaneous fees per account per month
				Servicing costs	$	6.00		Monthly servicing cost per account
					$	24.00		Additional monthly servicing cost per loan on loans more than 30 days delinquent
						1.50	%	of loans more than 30 days delinquent
						3.00	%	annual increase in servicing costs

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

	Fair Value at
	12/31/15		Valuation	Unobservable				Method or Value As of
Asset	(In Thousands)		Technique	Input(s)				12/31/15
Servicing rights	$	1,296	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate		10.00	%	Rate used through modeling period
				Loan prepayment speeds		146.00	%	Weighted-average PSA
				Servicing fees		0.25	%	of loan balances
						4.00	%	of payments are late
						5.00	%	late fees assessed
					$	1.94		Miscellaneous fees per account per month
				Servicing costs	$	6.00		Monthly servicing cost per account
					$	24.00		Additional monthly servicing cost per loan on loans more than 30 days delinquent
						1.50	%	of loans more than 30 days delinquent
						3.00	%	annual increase in servicing costs

The fair value of servicing rights is affected by expected future interest rates. Increases (decreases) in future expected interest rates tend to increase (decrease) the fair value of the Corporation’s servicing rights because of changes in expected prepayment behavior by the borrowers on the underlying loans.

Following is a reconciliation of activity for Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

(In Thousands)	3 Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,
	2016			2015
Servicing rights balance, beginning of period	$	1,296		$	1,281
Issuances of servicing rights		36			31
Unrealized losses included in earnings		(71	)		(117	)
Service rights balance, end of period	$	1,261		$	1,195

Loans are classified as impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Foreclosed assets held for sale consist of real estate acquired by foreclosure. For impaired commercial loans secured by real estate and foreclosed assets held for sale, estimated fair values are determined primarily using values from third-party appraisals. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value. The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, quantitative information regarding significant techniques and inputs used for nonrecurring fair value measurements using unobservable inputs (Level 3 methodologies) are as follows:

(In Thousands, Except									Value at
Percentages)			Valuation						3/31/16
	Balance at		Allowance at		Fair Value at		Valuation	Unobservable	(Weighted
Asset	3/31/16		3/31/16		3/31/16		Technique	Inputs	Average)

Impaired loans:
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate	$	311	$	96	$	215	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		47	%
Commercial and industrial		599		158		441	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		52	%
Loans secured by farmland		510		52		458	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		49	%
Total impaired loans	$	1,420	$	306	$	1,114
Foreclosed assets held for sale - real estate:
Residential (1-4 family)	$	883	$	0	$	883	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		39	%
Land		701		0		701	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		30	%
Total foreclosed assets held for sale	$	1,584	$	0	$	1,584

(In Thousands, Except									Value at
Percentages)			Valuation						12/31/15
	Balance at		Allowance at		Fair Value at		Valuation	Unobservable	(Weighted
Asset	12/31/15		12/31/15		12/31/15		Technique	Inputs	Average)

Impaired loans:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	42	$	1	$	41	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		31	%
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		317		97		220	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		46	%
Commercial and industrial		75		75		0	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		31	%
Loans secured by farmland		512		52		460	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		49	%
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		987		595		392	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		41	%
Total impaired loans	$	1,933	$	820	$	1,113
Foreclosed assets held for sale - real estate:
Residential (1-4 family)	$	556	$	0	$	556	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		32	%
Land		704		0		704	Sales comparison	Discount to appraised value		29	%
Total foreclosed assets held for sale	$	1,260	$	0	$	1,260

Certain of the Corporation’s financial instruments are not measured at fair value in the consolidated financial statements. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. Certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from disclosure requirements. Therefore, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not represent the underlying fair value of the Corporation.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

The Corporation used the following methods and assumptions in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments:

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - The carrying amounts of cash and short-term instruments approximate fair values.

CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT - Fair values for certificates of deposit, included in cash and due from banks in the consolidated balance sheet, are based on quoted market prices for certificates of similar remaining maturities.

SECURITIES - Fair values for securities, excluding restricted equity securities, are based on quoted market prices or other methods as described above. The carrying value of restricted equity securities approximates fair value based on applicable redemption provisions.

LOANS HELD FOR SALE - Fair values of loans held for sale are determined based on applicable sale prices available under the Federal Home Loan Banks’ MPF Xtra and MPF Original programs.

LOANS - Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type such as commercial, commercial real estate, residential mortgage and other consumer. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed and adjustable rate interest terms and by performing and nonperforming categories. The fair value of performing loans is calculated by discounting contractual cash flows, adjusted for estimated prepayments based on historical experience, using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loans. Fair value of nonperforming loans is based on recent appraisals or estimates prepared by the Corporation’s lending officers.

SERVICING RIGHTS - The fair value of servicing rights, included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet, is determined through a discounted cash flow valuation. Significant inputs include expected net servicing income, the discount rate and the expected prepayment speeds of the underlying loans.

DEPOSITS - The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as noninterest-bearing demand deposits, savings, money market and interest checking accounts, is (by definition) equal to the amount payable on demand at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. The fair value of time deposits, such as certificates of deposit and Individual Retirement Accounts, is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. The fair value estimates of deposits do not include the benefit that results from the low-cost funding provided by the deposit liabilities compared to the cost of borrowing funds in the market, commonly referred to as the core deposit intangible.

BORROWED FUNDS - The fair value of borrowings is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on rates currently available to the Corporation for similar types of borrowing arrangements.

ACCRUED INTEREST - The carrying amounts of accrued interest receivable and payable approximate fair values.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET COMMITMENTS - The Corporation has commitments to extend credit and has issued standby letters of credit. Standby letters of credit are conditional guarantees of performance by a customer to a third party. Estimates of the fair value of these off-balance sheet items were not made because of the short-term nature of these arrangements and the credit standing of the counterparties.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

The estimated fair values, and related carrying amounts, of the Corporation’s financial instruments are as follows:

(In Thousands)	Valuation	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
	Method(s)	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
	Used	Amount		Value		Amount		Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	38,425	$	38,425	$	33,313	$	33,313
Certificates of deposit	Level 2		2,748		2,773		2,748		2,752
Available-for-sale securities	See Above		413,606		413,606		420,290		420,290
Restricted equity securities (included in Other Assets)	Level 2		3,261		3,261		4,657		4,657
Loans held for sale	Level 2		526		526		280		280
Loans, net	Level 3		693,944		688,359		696,991		685,552
Accrued interest receivable	Level 2		3,900		3,900		3,768		3,768
Servicing rights	Level 3		1,261		1,261		1,296		1,296

Financial liabilities:
Deposits with no stated maturity	Level 2		736,837		736,837		713,931		713,931
Time deposits	Level 2		219,011		219,237		221,684		221,891
Short-term borrowings	Level 2		25,952		25,841		53,496		53,398
Long-term borrowings	Level 2		38,692		40,247		38,767		40,166
Accrued interest payable	Level 2		69		69		70		70

6. SECURITIES

Amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale securities at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are summarized as follows:

			March 31, 2016
			Gross		Gross
			Unrealized		Unrealized
	Amortized		Holding		Holding			Fair
(In Thousands)	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value

Obligations of U.S. Government agencies	$	10,661	$	46	$	0		$	10,707
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
Tax-exempt		107,269		4,756		(66	)		111,959
Taxable		34,249		845		0			35,094
Mortgage-backed securities		72,210		1,060		(27	)		73,243
Collateralized mortgage obligations, Issued by U.S. Government agencies		179,731		1,665		(536	)		180,860
Collateralized debt obligations		7		0		0			7
Total debt securities		404,127		8,372		(629	)		411,870
Marketable equity securities		1,253		483		0			1,736
Total	$	405,380	$	8,855	$	(629	)	$	413,606

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

			December 31, 2015
			Gross		Gross
			Unrealized		Unrealized
	Amortized		Holding		Holding			Fair
(In Thousands)	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value

Obligations of U.S. Government agencies	$	10,663	$	12	$	(192	)	$	10,483
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
Tax-exempt		103,414		4,365		(22	)		107,757
Taxable		34,317		381		(101	)		34,597
Mortgage-backed securities		73,227		486		(370	)		73,343
Collateralized mortgage obligations, Issued by U.S. Government agencies		193,145		623		(2,053	)		191,715
Collateralized debt obligations:		9		0		0			9
Total debt securities		414,775		5,867		(2,738	)		417,904
Marketable equity securities		1,680		706		0			2,386
Total	$	416,455	$	6,573	$	(2,738	)	$	420,290

The following table presents gross unrealized losses and fair value of available-for-sale securities with unrealized loss positions that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

March 31, 2016	Less Than 12 Months					12 Months or More					Total
(In Thousands)	Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized
	Value		Losses			Value		Losses			Value		Losses

Obligations of states and political subdivisions, Tax-exempt	$	10,017	$	(66	)	$	0	$	0		$	10,017	$	(66	)
Mortgage-backed securities		5,899		(27	)		0		0			5,899		(27	)
Collateralized mortgage obligations, Issued by U.S. Government agencies		5,820		(105	)		44,291		(431	)		50,111		(536	)
Total temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities	$	21,736	$	(198	)	$	44,291	$	(431	)	$	66,027	$	(629	)

December 31, 2015	Less Than 12 Months					12 Months or More					Total
(In Thousands)	Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized
	Value		Losses			Value		Losses			Value		Losses

Obligations of U.S. Government agencies	$	0	$	0		$	7,850	$	(192	)	$	7,850	$	(192	)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
Tax-exempt		5,200		(19	)		216		(3	)		5,416		(22	)
Taxable		10,605		(60	)		2,910		(41	)		13,515		(101	)
Mortgage-backed securities		38,764		(295	)		3,503		(75	)		42,267		(370	)
Collateralized mortgage obligations, Issued by U.S. Government agencies		88,355		(648	)		49,273		(1,405	)		137,628		(2,053	)
Total temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities	$	142,924	$	(1,022	)	$	63,752	$	(1,716	)	$	206,676	$	(2,738	)

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Gross realized gains and losses from available-for-sale securities were as follows:

(In Thousands)	3 Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2016		2015
Gross realized gains from sales	$	383	$	74
Gross realized losses from sales		0		0
Net realized gains	$	383	$	74

The amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale debt securities by contractual maturity are shown in the following table as of March 31, 2016. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because counterparties may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

	Amortized		Fair
(In Thousands)	Cost		Value

Due in one year or less	$	10,374	$	10,451
Due from one year through five years		65,791		67,520
Due from five years through ten years		45,949		47,676
Due after ten years		30,072		32,120
Subtotal		152,186		157,767
Mortgage-backed securities		72,210		73,243
Collateralized mortgage obligations, Issued by U.S. Government agencies		179,731		180,860
Total	$	404,127	$	411,870

The Corporation’s mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations have stated maturities that may differ from actual maturities due to borrowers’ ability to prepay obligations. Cash flows from such investments are dependent upon the performance of the underlying mortgage loans and are generally influenced by the level of interest rates. In the table above, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are shown in one period.

Investment securities carried at $215,510,000 at March 31, 2016 and $228,616,000 at December 31, 2015 were pledged as collateral for public deposits, trusts and certain other deposits as provided by law. See Note 8 for information concerning securities pledged to secure borrowing arrangements.

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) whether the Corporation intends to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery.

A summary of information management considered in evaluating debt and equity securities for OTTI at March 31, 2016 is provided below.

Debt Securities

At March 31, 2016, management performed an assessment for possible OTTI of the Corporation’s debt securities on an issue-by-issue basis, relying on information obtained from various sources, including publicly available financial data, ratings by external agencies, brokers and other sources. The extent of individual analysis applied to each security depended on the size of the Corporation’s investment, as well as management’s perception of the credit risk associated with each security. Based on the results of the assessment, management believes impairment of debt securities at March 31, 2016 to be temporary.

Equity Securities

The Corporation’s marketable equity securities at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 consisted exclusively of stocks of banking companies. At March 31, 2016, the Corporation held no stocks with an unrealized loss.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

In the first quarter 2016, the Corporation had realized gains of $249,000 from the sale of bank stocks. The Corporation had no realized gains or losses from the sale of equity securities in the first quarter of 2015.

C&N Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (FHLB-Pittsburgh), which is one of 11 regional Federal Home Loan Banks. As a member, C&N Bank is required to purchase and maintain stock in FHLB-Pittsburgh. There is no active market for FHLB-Pittsburgh stock, and it must ordinarily be redeemed by FHLB-Pittsburgh in order to be liquidated. C&N Bank’s investment in FHLB-Pittsburgh stock, included in Other Assets in the consolidated balance sheet, was $3,131,000 at March 31, 2016 and $4,527,000 at December 31, 2015. The Corporation evaluated its holding of FHLB-Pittsburgh stock for impairment and deemed the stock to not be impaired at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. In making this determination, management concluded that recovery of total outstanding par value, which equals the carrying value, is expected. The decision was based on review of financial information that FHLB-Pittsburgh has made publicly available.

7. LOANS

The loans receivable portfolio is segmented into residential mortgage, commercial and consumer loans. Loans outstanding at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are summarized by segment, and by classes within each segment, as follows:

Summary of Loans by Type
(In Thousands)	Mar. 31,			Dec. 31,
	2016			2015
Residential mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	306,753		$	304,783
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		21,622			21,146
Home equity lines of credit		38,627			39,040
1-4 Family residential construction		20,010			21,121
Total residential mortgage		387,012			386,090
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		154,646			154,779
Commercial and industrial		71,628			75,196
Political subdivisions		38,364			40,007
Commercial construction and land		7,445			5,122
Loans secured by farmland		7,168			7,019
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		8,393			9,188
Agricultural loans		4,492			4,671
Other commercial loans		11,387			12,152
Total commercial		303,523			308,134
Consumer		11,070			10,656
Total		701,605			704,880
Less: allowance for loan losses		(7,661	)		(7,889	)
Loans, net	$	693,944		$	696,991

The Corporation grants loans to individuals as well as commercial and tax-exempt entities. Commercial, residential and personal loans are made to customers geographically concentrated in the Pennsylvania and New York counties that comprise the market serviced by Citizens & Northern Bank. Although the Corporation has a diversified loan portfolio, a significant portion of its debtors’ ability to honor their contracts is dependent on the local economic conditions within the region. There is no concentration of loans to borrowers engaged in similar businesses or activities that exceed 10% of total loans at either March 31, 2016 or December 31, 2015.

The Corporation maintains an allowance for loan losses that represents management’s estimate of the losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date and recorded as a reduction of the investment in loans. The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that can be reasonably anticipated. Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance. The allowance is based on the Corporation’s past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. In the process of evaluating the loan portfolio, management also considers the Corporation’s exposure to losses from unfunded loan commitments. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, management determined that no allowance for credit losses related to unfunded loan commitments was required.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Transactions within the allowance for loan losses, summarized by segment and class, for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 were as follows:

	Dec. 31,										March 31,
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 (In Thousands)	2015 Balance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provision (Credit)			2016 Balance
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Residential mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	2,645	$	0		$	0	$	77		$	2,722
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		219		0			0		9			228
Home equity lines of credit		347		0			0		4			351
1-4 Family residential construction		207		0			0		(7	)		200
Total residential mortgage		3,418		0			0		83			3,501
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		1,939		0			1		87			2,027
Commercial and industrial		981		0			1		(6	)		976
Commercial construction and land		58		0			0		26			84
Loans secured by farmland		106		0			0		2			108
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		675		(595	)		0		176			256
Agricultural loans		45		0			0		(1	)		44
Other commercial loans		118		0			0		(6	)		112
Total commercial		3,922		(595	)		2		278			3,607
Consumer		122		(18	)		15		7			126
Unallocated		427		0			0		0			427

Total Allowance for Loan Losses	$	7,889	$	(613	)	$	17	$	368		$	7,661

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

	Dec. 31,										March 31,
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 (In Thousands)	2014 Balance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provision (Credit)			2015 Balance
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Residential mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	2,941	$	(79	)	$	1	$	(89	)	$	2,774
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		176		0			0		24			200
Home equity lines of credit		322		0			0		0			322
1-4 Family residential construction		214		0			0		(7	)		207
Total residential mortgage		3,653		(79	)		1		(72	)		3,503
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		1,758		(115	)		0		93			1,736
Commercial and industrial		688		(10	)		1		5			684
Commercial construction and land		283		0			0		3			286
Loans secured by farmland		165		0			0		(6	)		159
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		87		0			0		(6	)		81
Agricultural loans		31		0			0		(2	)		29
Other commercial loans		131		0			0		(8	)		123
Total commercial		3,143		(125	)		1		79			3,098
Consumer		145		(18	)		15		(3	)		139
Unallocated		395		0			0		(1	)		394

Total Allowance for Loan Losses	$	7,336	$	(222	)	$	17	$	3		$	7,134

In the evaluation of the loan portfolio, management determines two major components for the allowance for loan losses – (1) a specific component based on an assessment of certain larger relationships, mainly commercial purpose loans, on a loan-by-loan basis; and (2) a general component for the remainder of the portfolio based on a collective evaluation of pools of loans with similar risk characteristics. The general component is assigned to each pool of loans based on both historical net charge-off experience, and an evaluation of certain qualitative factors. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the above methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.

In determining the larger loan relationships for detailed assessment under the specific allowance component, the Corporation uses an internal risk rating system. Under the risk rating system, the Corporation classifies problem or potential problem loans as “Special Mention,” “Substandard,” or “Doubtful” on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values. Substandard loans include those characterized by the distinct possibility that the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loans classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loans that do not currently expose the Corporation to sufficient risk to warrant classification as Substandard or Doubtful, but possess weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention, are deemed to be Special Mention. Risk ratings are updated any time that conditions or the situation warrants. Loans not classified are included in the “Pass” column in the table below.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

The following tables summarize the aggregate credit quality classification of outstanding loans by risk rating as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

March 31, 2016
(In Thousands)			Special
	Pass		Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
Residential Mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	296,394	$	378	$	9,915	$	66	$	306,753
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		20,920		276		426		0		21,622
Home Equity lines of credit		37,570		492		565		0		38,627
1-4 Family residential construction		19,994		16		0		0		20,010
Total residential mortgage		374,878		1,162		10,906		66		387,012
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		140,985		4,444		9,217		0		154,646
Commercial and Industrial		67,568		2,257		1,676		127		71,628
Political subdivisions		38,364		0		0		0		38,364
Commercial construction and land		7,282		60		103		0		7,445
Loans secured by farmland		5,452		171		1,525		20		7,168
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		7,751		0		642		0		8,393
Agricultural loans		4,478		0		14		0		4,492
Other commercial loans		11,309		0		78		0		11,387
Total commercial		283,189		6,932		13,255		147		303,523
Consumer		10,878		20		172		0		11,070
Totals	$	668,945	$	8,114	$	24,333	$	213	$	701,605

December 31, 2015
(In Thousands)			Special
	Pass		Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
Residential Mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	295,302	$	407	$	9,007	$	67	$	304,783
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		20,558		185		403		0		21,146
Home equity lines of credit		38,071		543		426		0		39,040
1-4 Family residential construction		21,104		17		0		0		21,121
Total residential mortgage		375,035		1,152		9,836		67		386,090
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		140,381		5,862		8,536		0		154,779
Commercial and Industrial		71,225		2,106		1,737		128		75,196
Political subdivisions		40,007		0		0		0		40,007
Commercial construction and land		4,957		60		105		0		5,122
Loans secured by farmland		5,084		483		1,432		20		7,019
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		7,943		0		1,245		0		9,188
Agricultural loans		4,655		0		16		0		4,671
Other commercial loans		12,073		0		79		0		12,152
Total commercial		286,325		8,511		13,150		148		308,134
Consumer		10,490		21		145		0		10,656
Totals	$	671,850	$	9,684	$	23,131	$	215	$	704,880

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

The general component of the allowance for loan losses covers pools of loans including commercial loans not considered individually impaired, as well as smaller balance homogeneous classes of loans, such as residential real estate, home equity lines of credit and other consumer loans. Accordingly, the Corporation generally does not separately identify individual consumer and residential loans for impairment disclosures, unless such loans are subject to a restructuring agreement. The pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based upon three-year average historical net charge-off rates for each loan class, adjusted for qualitative factors. Qualitative risk factors (described in the following paragraph) are evaluated for the impact on each of the three segments (residential mortgage, commercial and consumer) within the loan portfolio. Each qualitative factor is assigned a value to reflect improving, stable or declining conditions based on management’s judgment using relevant information available at the time of the evaluation. The adjustment for qualitative factors is applied as an increase or decrease to the three-year average net charge-off rate to each loan class within each segment.

The qualitative factors used in the general component calculations are designed to address credit risk characteristics associated with each segment. The Corporation’s credit risk associated with all of the segments is significantly impacted by these factors, which include economic conditions within its market area, the Corporation’s lending policies, changes or trends in the portfolio, risk profile, competition, regulatory requirements and other factors. Further, the residential mortgage segment is significantly affected by the values of residential real estate that provide collateral for the loans. The majority of the Corporation’s commercial segment loans (approximately 59% at March 31, 2016) is secured by real estate, and accordingly, the Corporation’s risk for the commercial segment is significantly affected by commercial real estate values. The consumer segment includes a wide mix of loans for different purposes, primarily secured loans, including loans secured by motor vehicles, manufactured housing and other types of collateral.

Loans are classified as impaired, when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis for commercial loans, by the fair value of the collateral (if the loan is collateral dependent), by future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective rate or by the loan’s observable market price.

The scope of loans evaluated individually for impairment include all loan relationships greater than $200,000 for which there is at least one extension of credit graded Special Mention, Substandard or Doubtful. Also, all loans classified as troubled debt restructurings (discussed in more detail below) and all loan relationships less than $200,000 in the aggregate, but with an estimated loss of $100,000 or more, are individually evaluated for impairment. Loans that are individually evaluated for impairment, but which are not determined to be impaired, are combined with all remaining loans that are not reviewed on a specific basis, and such loans are included within larger pools of loans based on similar risk and loss characteristics for purposes of determining the general component of the allowance. The loans that have been individually evaluated, but which have not been determined to be impaired, are included in the “Collectively Evaluated” column in the tables summarizing the allowance and associated loan balances as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

The following tables present a summary of loan balances and the related allowance for loan losses summarized by portfolio segment and class for each impairment method used as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

March 31, 2016	Loans:						Allowance for Loan Losses:
(In Thousands)
	Individually		Collectively				Individually		Collectively
	Evaluated		Evaluated		Totals		Evaluated		Evaluated		Totals
Residential mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	833	$	305,920	$	306,753	$	0	$	2,722	$	2,722
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		72		21,550		21,622		0		228		228
Home equity lines of credit		0		38,627		38,627		0		351		351
1-4 Family residential construction		0		20,010		20,010		0		200		200
Total residential mortgage		905		386,107		387,012		0		3,501		3,501
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		6,065		148,581		154,646		96		1,931		2,027
Commercial and industrial		832		70,796		71,628		155		821		976
Political subdivisions		0		38,364		38,364		0		0		0
Commercial construction and land		0		7,445		7,445		0		84		84
Loans secured by farmland		1,418		5,750		7,168		52		56		108
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		392		8,001		8,393		0		256		256
Agricultural loans		14		4,478		4,492		0		44		44
Other commercial loans		0		11,387		11,387		0		112		112
Total commercial		8,721		294,802		303,523		303		3,304		3,607
Consumer		4		11,066		11,070		3		123		126
Unallocated												427

Total	$	9,630	$	691,975	$	701,605	$	306	$	6,928	$	7,661

December 31, 2015	Loans:						Allowance for Loan Losses:
(In Thousands)
	Individually		Collectively				Individually		Collectively
	Evaluated		Evaluated		Totals		Evaluated		Evaluated		Totals
Residential mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	884	$	303,899	$	304,783	$	1	$	2,644	$	2,645
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		74		21,072		21,146		0		219		219
Home equity lines of credit		0		39,040		39,040		0		347		347
1-4 Family residential construction		0		21,121		21,121		0		207		207
Total residential mortgage		958		385,132		386,090		1		3,417		3,418
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		6,262		148,517		154,779		97		1,842		1,939
Commercial and industrial		324		74,872		75,196		75		906		981
Political subdivisions		0		40,007		40,007		0		0		0
Commercial construction and land		0		5,122		5,122		0		58		58
Loans secured by farmland		1,427		5,592		7,019		52		54		106
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		987		8,201		9,188		595		80		675
Agricultural loans		16		4,655		4,671		0		45		45
Other commercial loans		0		12,152		12,152		0		118		118
Total commercial		9,016		299,118		308,134		819		3,103		3,922
Consumer		0		10,656		10,656		0		122		122
Unallocated												427

Total	$	9,974	$	694,906	$	704,880	$	820	$	6,642	$	7,889

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Summary information related to impaired loans at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 is as follows:

(In Thousands)	March 31, 2016						December 31, 2015
	Unpaid						Unpaid
	Principal		Recorded		Related		Principal		Recorded		Related
	Balance		Investment		Allowance		Balance		Investment		Allowance
With no related allowance recorded:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	833	$	833	$	0	$	842	$	842	$	0
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		72		72		0		74		74		0
Commercial loans secured by real estate		7,415		5,754		0		7,580		5,945		0
Commercial and industrial		237		237		0		249		249		0
Loans secured by farmland		908		908		0		915		915		0
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		987		392		0		0		0		0
Agricultural loans		14		14		0		16		16		0
Total with no related allowance recorded		10,466		8,210		0		9,676		8,041		0

With a related allowance recorded:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens		0		0		0		42		42		1
Commercial loans secured by real estate		311		311		96		317		317		97
Commercial and industrial		595		595		155		75		75		75
Loans secured by farmland		510		510		52		512		512		52
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		0		0		0		987		987		595
Consumer		4		4		3		0		0		0
Total with a related allowance recorded		1,420		1,420		306		1,933		1,933		820
Total	$	11,886	$	9,630	$	306	$	11,609	$	9,974	$	820

The average balance of impaired loans and interest income recognized on impaired loans is as follows:

					Interest Income Recognized on
	Average Investment in Impaired Loans				Impaired Loans on a Cash Basis
(In Thousands)	3 Months Ended				3 Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Residential mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first lien	$	861	$	3,442	$	10	$	14
Residential mortgage loans - junior lien		73		48		1		1
Total residential mortgage		934		3,490		11		15
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		6,160		6,588		110		112
Commercial and industrial		568		603		3		7
Commercial construction and land		0		75		0		0
Loans secured by farmland		1,423		1,465		21		26
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		690		519		0		25
Agricultural loans		15		0		1		0
Total commercial		8,856		9,250		135		170
Consumer		12		0		0		0
Total	$	9,802	$	12,740	$	146	$	185

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Loans are placed on nonaccrual status for all classes of loans when, in the opinion of management, collection of interest is doubtful. Any unpaid interest previously accrued on those loans is reversed from income. Interest income is not recognized on specific impaired loans unless the likelihood of further loss is remote. Interest payments received on loans for which the risk of further loss is greater than remote are applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance. Interest income on other nonaccrual loans, including impaired loans, is recognized only to the extent of interest payments received. Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time (generally six months) and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt. The past due status of all classes of loans receivable is determined based on contractual due dates for loan payments. Also, the amortization of deferred loan fees is discontinued when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status.

The breakdown by portfolio segment and class of nonaccrual loans and loans past due ninety days or more and still accruing is as follows:

(In Thousands)	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
	Past Due				Past Due
	90+ Days and				90+ Days and
	Accruing		Nonaccrual		Accruing		Nonaccrual
Residential mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	2,680	$	3,080	$	2,381	$	3,044
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		140		0		79		0
Home equity lines of credit		175		0		130		0
Total residential mortgage		2,995		3,080		2,590		3,044
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		539		5,689		503		5,730
Commercial and industrial		318		312		65		313
Loans secured by farmland		102		1,418		0		1,427
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		0		392		0		987
Agricultural loans		0		14		0		16
Total commercial		959		7,825		568		8,473
Consumer		3		39		71		0

Totals	$	3,957	$	10,944	$	3,229	$	11,517

The amounts shown in the table immediately above include loans classified as troubled debt restructurings (described in more detail below), if such loans are past due ninety days or more or nonaccrual.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

The table below presents a summary of the contractual aging of loans as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

	As of March 31, 2016								As of December 31, 2015
	Current &								Current &
(In Thousands)	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due				Past Due		Past Due		Past Due
	Less than		30-89		90+				Less than		30-89		90+
	30 Days		Days		Days		Total		30 Days		Days		Days		Total
Residential mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	295,485	$	7,234	$	4,034	$	306,753	$	294,703	$	6,156	$	3,924	$	304,783
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		21,340		142		140		21,622		20,816		251		79		21,146
Home equity lines of credit		37,977		475		175		38,627		38,581		329		130		39,040
1-4 Family residential construction		19,867		143		0		20,010		21,121		0		0		21,121
Total residential mortgage		374,669		7,994		4,349		387,012		375,221		6,736		4,133		386,090

Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		150,087		3,280		1,279		154,646		153,427		108		1,244		154,779
Commercial and industrial		71,123		168		337		71,628		75,002		118		76		75,196
Political subdivisions		38,364		0		0		38,364		40,007		0		0		40,007
Commercial construction and land		7,311		134		0		7,445		5,018		104		0		5,122
Loans secured by farmland		6,025		221		922		7,168		5,970		223		826		7,019
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		7,928		73		392		8,393		8,201		0		987		9,188
Agricultural loans		4,398		80		14		4,492		4,642		13		16		4,671
Other commercial loans		11,387		0		0		11,387		12,152		0		0		12,152
Total commercial		296,623		3,956		2,944		303,523		304,419		566		3,149		308,134
Consumer		10,933		95		42		11,070		10,537		48		71		10,656

Totals	$	682,225	$	12,045	$	7,335	$	701,605	$	690,177	$	7,350	$	7,353	$	704,880

Nonaccrual loans are included in the contractual aging in the immediately preceding table. A summary of the contractual aging of nonaccrual loans at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 is as follows:

	Current &
(In Thousands)	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due
	Less than		30-89		90+
	30 Days		Days		Days		Total
March 31, 2016 Nonaccrual Totals	$	6,894	$	672	$	3,378	$	10,944
December 31, 2015 Nonaccrual Totals	$	7,100	$	293	$	4,124	$	11,517

Loans whose terms are modified are classified as Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) if the Corporation grants such borrowers concessions, and it is deemed that those borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty. Loans classified as TDRs are designated as impaired. The outstanding balance of loans subject to TDRs, as well as contractual aging information at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 is as follows:

	Current &
(In Thousands)	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due
	Less than		30-89		90+
	30 Days		Days		Days		Nonaccrual		Total
March 31, 2016 Totals	$	925	$	242	$	86	$	5,060	$	6,313
December 31, 2015 Totals	$	1,186	$	0	$	81	$	5,097	$	6,364

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

TDRs that occurred during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

Pre-

Post-

(Balances in Thousands)

Modification

Number

Outstanding

Recorded

Contracts

Investment

Commercial, Commercial and industrial

Three Months Ended March 31, 2015

Pre-

Post-

(Balances in Thousands)

Modification

Number

Outstanding

Recorded

Contracts

Investment

Residential mortgage:

Residential mortgage loans - first liens

Residential mortgage loans - junior liens

Consumer

The TDR in the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 resulted from an extension of a final maturity date. There was no allowance for loan losses on this loan at March 31, 2016 and no change in allowance for loan losses resulting from this TDR.

The TDRs in the three-month period ended March 31, 2015 included an extended maturity date and a reduction in interest rate on a residential mortgage – first lien, a lowered interest rate and reduced payment amount on a residential mortgage – junior lien and a lowered interest rate and reduced payment amount on the consumer loan. There was no allowance for loan losses on these loans at March 31, 2015 and no change in the allowance for loan losses resulting from these TDRs.

In the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, defaults on loans for which modifications considered to be TDRs were entered into within the previous 12 months were as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016	Number
(Balances in Thousands)	of		Recorded
	Contracts		Investment
Residential mortgage, Residential mortgage loans - first liens		1	$	31
Commercial, Commercial and industrial		1		5

Three Months Ended March 31, 2015	Number
(Balances in Thousands)	of		Recorded
	Contracts		Investment
Residential mortgage, Residential mortgage loans - first liens		2	$	115
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		1		407
Commercial construction and land		1		25

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

In the first quarter 2016, the events of default in the table listed above resulted from a borrower’s failure to pay in a timely manner after reduced payment amounts for six months expired in the Residential mortgage – first lien and a borrower’s failure to pay off a loan after the maturity date was extended and passed on the Commercial and industrial loan. There was no allowance for loan losses recorded on these loans at March 31, 2016.

In the first quarter 2015, the events of default in the table listed above resulted from the borrowers’ failure to make timely payments under the following circumstances: (1) for one customer relationship included in the Residential first lien mortgage class, payment was missed after the interest rate and monthly payment amount had been reduced; (2) for the other customer relationship included in the Residential first lien class, monthly payments were missed after reducing the monthly payments to interest only payments; (3) for the Commercial loan secured by real estate, monthly payments were missed after reducing the monthly payments to interest only; and (4) for the Commercial construction and land loan, monthly payments were missed after extending the term of maturity. There were no allowances for loan losses recorded on these loans at March 31, 2015.

The carrying amount of foreclosed residential real estate properties held as a result of obtaining physical possession (included in Foreclosed assets held for sale in the unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet) is as follows:

(In Thousands)	March 31,		Dec. 31,
	2016		2015
Foreclosed residential real estate	$	883	$	555

The recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process is as follows:

(In Thousands)	March 31,		Dec. 31,
	2016		2015
Residential real estate in process of foreclosure	$	931	$	1,173

8. BORROWED FUNDS

Short-term borrowings include the following:

(In Thousands)	March 31,		Dec. 31,
	2016		2015
FHLB-Pittsburgh borrowings	$	18,811	$	48,581
Customer repurchase agreements		7,141		4,915
Total short-term borrowings	$	25,952	$	53,496

Short-term borrowings from FHLB-Pittsburgh are as follows:

(In Thousands)	March 31,		Dec. 31,
	2016		2015
Overnight borrowing	$	0	$	23,500
Other short-term advances		18,811		25,081
Total short-term FHLB-Pittsburgh borrowings	$	18,811	$	48,581

The FHLB-Pittsburgh loan facilities are collateralized by qualifying loans secured by real estate with a book value totaling $448,336,000 at March 31, 2016 and $450,883,000 at December 31, 2015. Also, the FHLB-Pittsburgh loan facilities require the Corporation to invest in established amounts of FHLB-Pittsburgh stock. The carrying values of the Corporation’s holdings of FHLB-Pittsburgh stock (included in Other Assets) were $3,131,000 at March 31, 2016 and $4,527,000 at December 31, 2015.

At March 31, 2016, short-term borrowings from the FHLB-Pittsburgh include 9 advances of approximately $2,090,000 each maturing monthly throughout the remainder of the year ended December 31, 2016, with a weighted average interest rate of 0.94% and rates ranging from 0.77% to 1.052%. In the first quarter 2016, the Corporation repaid 3 advances of approximately $2,090,000 each with a weighted average rate of 0.62%.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

The Corporation engages in repurchase agreements with certain commercial customers. These agreements provide that the Corporation sells specified investment securities to the customers on an overnight basis and repurchases them on the following business day. The weighted average rate paid by the Corporation on customer repurchase agreements was 0.10% at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. The carrying value of the underlying securities was $12,100,000 at March 31, 2016 and $12,613,000 at December 31, 2015.

Long-term borrowings are as follows:

(In Thousands)	March 31,		Dec. 31,
	2016		2015
FHLB-Pittsburgh borrowings	$	11,692	$	11,767
Repurchase agreement		27,000		27,000
Total long-term borrowings	$	38,692	$	38,767

Long-term borrowings from FHLB-Pittsburgh are as follows:

(In Thousands)	March 31,		Dec. 31,
	2016		2015
Loan maturing in 2016 with a rate of 6.86%	$	45	$	57
Loan maturing in 2017 with a rate of 6.83%		9		10
Loan maturing in 2017 with a rate of 3.81%		10,000		10,000
Loan maturing in 2020 with a rate of 4.79%		778		821
Loan maturing in 2025 with a rate of 4.91%		860		879
Total long-term FHLB-Pittsburgh borrowings	$	11,692	$	11,767

The repurchase agreement included in long-term borrowings has an interest rate of 3.595% and an effective maturity date in December 2017.

The “Repurchase Date,” as defined in the Master Repurchase Agreement between the Corporation and the broker-dealer, occurs quarterly on or about the 20^th of each March, June, September and December until the “Final Repurchase Date” (as defined) on December 20, 2017. The Corporation pays interest, and the borrowing is putable by the issuer, on each Repurchase Date. The Final Repurchase Date is the effective maturity date of the borrowings.

Securities sold under repurchase agreements were delivered to the broker-dealer who is the counter-party to the transactions. The broker-dealer may have sold, loaned or otherwise disposed of such securities to other parties in the normal course of their operations, and has agreed to resell to the Corporation substantially identical securities at the maturities of the agreements. The Master Repurchase Agreement provides that the Agreement constitutes a “netting contract,” as defined; however, the Corporation and the broker-dealer have no other obligations to one another and accordingly, no netting has occurred.

The carrying value of the underlying securities was $32,701,000 at March 31, 2016 and $33,780,000 at December 31, 2015, detailed in the following table:

(In Thousands)	March 31,		Dec. 31,
	2016		2015
Mortgage-backed securities	$	15,526	$	15,772
Collateralized mortgage obligations, Issued by U.S. Government agencies		17,175		18,008
Total	$	32,701	$	33,780

Two of the more significant risks associated with the repurchase agreement with the broker-dealer are as follows:

The borrowings are putable at quarterly intervals by the issuer. Accordingly, if interest rates were to rise to a sufficient level, the issuer would be expected to require the Corporation to pay off the borrowing. In this circumstance, the Corporation would be required to obtain a new borrowing at a higher interest rate than the existing repurchase agreement or utilize cash from other sources to pay off the borrowing. If sales of available-for-sale securities were used to generate cash to pay off the borrowing, the value of such securities would be expected to have fallen, which could result in the Corporation recognizing a loss.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

As principal pay-downs of mortgage backed securities and CMOs occur, the Corporation must have available, unencumbered assets or purchase a sufficient amount of assets with credit quality suitable to the broker-dealer to replace the amounts being paid off. Since pre-payments of mortgages typically increase as interest rates fall, the Corporation may be required to purchase additional assets at times when market rates are lower than the rates paid on the borrowing.

The Corporation manages these risks by maintaining sufficient available assets of acceptable credit quality, as well as maintaining other borrowing facilities, to meet ongoing collateral maintenance requirements or pay off the borrowing if required. In particular, the Corporation had unused borrowing capacity available from the FHLB-Pittsburgh of $297,186,000 at March 31, 2016.

9. DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS

The Corporation sponsors a defined benefit health care plan that provides postretirement medical benefits and life insurance to employees who meet certain age and length of service requirements. Full-time employees no longer accrue service time toward the Corporation-subsidized portion of the medical benefits. This plan contains a cost-sharing feature, which causes participants to pay for all future increases in costs related to benefit coverage. Accordingly, actuarial assumptions related to health care cost trend rates do not significantly affect the liability balance at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and are not expected to significantly affect the Corporation's future expenses. The Corporation uses a December 31 measurement date for the postretirement plan.

In an acquisition in 2007, the Corporation assumed the Citizens Trust Company Retirement Plan, a defined benefit pension plan. This plan covers certain employees who were employed by Citizens Trust Company on December 31, 2002, when the plan was amended to discontinue admittance of any future participant and to freeze benefit accruals. Information related to the Citizens Trust Company Retirement Plan has been included in the tables that follow. The Corporation uses a December 31 measurement date for this plan.

The components of net periodic benefit costs from these defined benefit plans are as follows:

Defined Benefit Plans
(In Thousands)	Pension						Postretirement
	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended
	March 31,						March 31,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Service cost	$	0		$	0		$	9		$	10
Interest cost		7			9			16			13
Expected return on plan assets		(7	)		(11	)		0			0
Amortization of prior service cost		0			0			(8	)		(7	)
Recognized net actuarial loss		3			4			0			0
Net periodic benefit cost	$	3		$	2		$	17		$	16

In the first three months of 2016, the Corporation funded postretirement contributions totaling $18,000, with estimated annual postretirement contributions of $68,000 expected in 2016 for the full year. Based upon the related actuarial reports, no defined benefit pension contributions are required in 2016, though the Corporation may make discretionary contributions.

10. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

The Corporation has a Stock Incentive Plan for a selected group of officers and an Independent Directors Stock Incentive Plan. In the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, the Corporation issued restricted stock under each of the Plans.

In the first quarter 2016, the Corporation awarded a total of 34,199 shares of restricted stock under the Stock Incentive and Independent Directors Stock Incentive Plans. Restricted stock awards in the first quarter 2016 included the following: (1) a total of 17,289 shares to employees, vesting over a three-year term, with vesting contingent upon the Corporation meeting an annual return on average equity (“ROAE”) performance ratio, as defined; (2) a total of 10,304 shares to employees, vesting over a three-year term, with vesting dependent on satisfactory performance; and (3) a total of 6,606 shares under the Independent Directors Incentive Plan, vesting over a term of one year.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

In the first quarter 2015, a total of 34,800 shares of restricted stock were awarded under the Plans. Restricted stock awards in 2015 included the following: (1) a total of 20,298 shares to employees, vesting over a four-year term, with vesting contingent upon the Corporation meeting an annual ROAE performance ratio, as defined; (2) a total of 2,198 shares to employees, vesting over a four-year term, with vesting dependent on satisfactory performance; (3) an award to the Chief Executive Officer of 5,174 shares, vesting over a three-year term, with vesting dependent on satisfactory performance; and (4) a total of 7,130 shares under the Independent Directors Incentive Plan, vesting over a term of one year.

Compensation cost related to restricted stock is recognized based on the market price of the stock at the grant date over the vesting period. Management has estimated restricted stock expense in the first three months of 2016 based on an assumption that the ROAE target for 2016 will be met. Total stock-based compensation expense attributable to restricted stock awards amounted to $162,000 in the first quarter 2016 and $150,000 in the first quarter 2015.

11. INCOME TAXES

The net deferred tax asset at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 represents the following temporary difference components:

	March 31,		December 31,
(In Thousands)	2016		2015
Deferred tax assets:
Net realized losses on securities	$	36	$	69
Allowance for loan losses		2,623		2,761
Other deferred tax assets		2,238		2,634
Total deferred tax assets		4,897		5,464

Deferred tax liabilities:
Unrealized holding gains on securities		2,879		1,342
Defined benefit plans - ASC 835		26		19
Bank premises and equipment		926		869
Core deposit intangibles		10		11
Other deferred tax liabilities		107		108
Total deferred tax liabilities		3,948		2,349
Deferred tax asset, net	$	949	$	3,115

The provision for income tax for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is based on the Corporation’s estimate of the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full year. The effective tax rates for the Corporation are as follows:

	Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	March 31,
	2016			2015
Income before income tax provision	$	4,666		$	5,044
Income tax provision		1,093			1,229
Effective tax rate		23.42	%		24.37	%

The effective tax rate for each period presented differs from the statutory rate of 35% principally because of the effects of tax-exempt interest income.

The Corporation has investments in three limited partnerships that manage affordable housing projects that have qualified for the federal low-income housing tax credit. The Corporation’s expected return from these investments is based on the receipt of tax credits and tax benefits from deductions of operating losses. The Corporation uses the effective yield method to account for these investments, with the benefits recognized as a reduction of the provision for income taxes. For two of the three limited partnership investments, the tax credits have been received in full in prior years, and the Corporation has fully realized the benefits of the credits and amortized its initial investments in the partnerships. The most recent affordable housing project was completed in 2013, and the Corporation received tax credits in 2013, 2014 and 2015 and expects to continue to receive tax credits annually through 2022. The carrying amount of the Corporation’s investment is $787,000 at March 31, 2016 and $812,000 at December 31, 2015 (included in Other Assets in the consolidated balance sheets). For the year ending December 31, 2016, the estimated amount of tax credits and other tax benefits to be received is $158,000 and the estimated amount to be recognized as a reduction of the provision for income taxes is $76,000. For the year ended December 31, 2015, tax credits and other tax benefits totaled $158,000 and the amount recognized as a reduction of the provision for income taxes for 2015 was $80,000. The total reduction in the provision for income taxes resulting from this investment is $19,000 in the first quarter 2016 and $20,000 in the first quarter 2015.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

The Corporation has no unrecognized tax benefits, nor pending examination issues related to tax positions taken in preparation of its income tax returns. With limited exceptions, the Corporation is no longer subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service for years prior to 2012.

12. CONTINGENCIES

In the normal course of business, the Corporation may be subject to pending and threatened lawsuits in which claims for monetary damages could be asserted. In management’s opinion, the Corporation’s financial position and results of operations would not be materially affected by the outcome of such pending legal proceedings.

13. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

The FASB issues Accounting Standards Updates (ASUs) to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). This section provides a summary description of recent ASUs that have significant implications (elected or required) within the consolidated financial statements, or that management expects may have a significant impact on financial statements issued in the near future.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which provides a principles-based framework for revenue recognition that supersedes virtually all previously issued revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. Additionally, the ASU requires improved disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. The core principle of the five-step revenue recognition framework is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In August 2015 the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, which deferred the effective date of the revenue recognition standard by a year, making it applicable for the Corporation in the first quarter 2018 and for the annual period ending December 31, 2018. The amendments should be applied either retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the amendments recognized at the date of initial application. The Corporation is in the process of evaluating the potential impact of adopting the amendments, including determining which transition method to apply.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Liabilities. This makes significant changes in U.S. GAAP related to certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. The changes provided for in this Update that are applicable to the Corporation are as follows: (1) require equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; however, an entity may choose to measure equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer; (2) for equity investments without readily determinable fair values, require a qualitative assessment to identify impairment, and if a qualitative assessment indicates that impairment exists, requiring an entity to measure the investment at fair value; (3) eliminate the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet; (4) require public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; (5) require an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments (at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Corporation has no liabilities for which the fair value measurement option has been elected); (6) require separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements; and (7) clarify that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets. The amendments in this Update will become effective for the Corporation for annual and interim periods beginning in the first quarter 2018. With limited exceptions, early adoption of the amendments in this Update is not permitted. Amendments are to be applied by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The amendments related to equity securities without readily determinable fair values should be applied prospectively.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The core principle of Topic 842 is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. Specifically, a lessee should recognize on the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee would be permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and liabilities. Topic 842 would not significantly change the recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee from current U.S. GAAP; however, the principal change from current GAAP is that lease assets and liabilities arising from operating leases would be recognized on the balance sheet. Topic 842 provides several other changes or clarifications to existing GAAP, and will require qualitative disclosures, along with quantitative disclosures, so that financial statement users can understand more about the nature of an entity’s leasing activities. In transition, Topic 842 provides that lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach, including optional practical expedients. An entity that elects to apply the practical expedients will, in effect, continue to account for leases that commence before the effective date in accordance with previous GAAP unless the lease is modified, except that lessees will be required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all operating leases at each reporting date based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments that were tracked and disclosed under previous GAAP. Topic 842 will become effective for the Corporation for annual and interim periods beginning in the first quarter 2019.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures. This ASU eliminates the requirement that when an investment qualifies for the equity method as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or influence, an investor must adjust the investment, results of operations and retained earnings retroactively as if the equity method had been in effect during all previous periods the investment had been held. The ASU requires the equity method investor to add the cost of acquiring an additional interest in the investee to the basis of the investor’s previously held interest and adopt the equity method of accounting as of the date the investment becomes qualified for the equity method. The ASU further requires that an entity that has an available-for-sale equity security that becomes qualified for the equity method recognize through earnings the unrealized gain or loss in accumulated other comprehensive income at the date the investment becomes qualified for use of the equity method. The amendments in this Update are effective for the Corporation for annual and interim periods beginning in the first quarter 2017, with earlier application permitted. The amendments should be applied prospectively upon their effective date.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation. This ASU changes several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, and includes some changes that apply only to nonpublic companies. This Update includes amendments that currently apply, or may apply in the future, to the Corporation related to the following: (1) accounting for the difference between the deduction for tax purposes and the amount of compensation cost recognized for financial reporting purposes; (2) classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows; (3) accounting for forfeitures; (4) accounting for awards partially settled in cash in excess of the employer’s minimum statutory tax withholding requirements; and (5) classification of employee taxes paid on the statement of cash flows when an employer withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes. The amendments in this Update are effective for the Corporation for annual and interim periods beginning in the first quarter 2017, with earlier adoption permitted. The ASU provides separate transition provisions for each of the amendments. The Corporation is in the process of evaluating the potential impact of adopting the amendments.

14. SUBSEQUENT EVENT

Effective April 21, 2016, the Corporation announced a new treasury stock repurchase program. Announcement of a new treasury stock repurchase program follows the recent completion of a common stock repurchase plan authorized by the Board of Directors in July 2014. Through March 31, 2016, 589,550 shares had been repurchased under the July 2014 program for a total cost of $11,870,000. In April 2016, the Corporation repurchased the remainder of the shares authorized under that program. In total, 622,500 shares were repurchased for a total cost of $12,140,000, at an average price of $19.50 per share.

Under the new program, the Corporation is authorized to repurchase up to 600,000 shares of the Corporation’s common stock, or slightly less than 5% of the Corporation’s issued and outstanding shares at April 19, 2016. As permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements and subject to market conditions and other factors, purchases under the new program may be made from time to time in the open market at prevailing prices, or through privately negotiated transactions.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Consistent with the previous program, the Board of Directors’ April 21, 2016 authorization provides that: (1) the new treasury stock repurchase program shall be effective when publicly announced and shall continue thereafter until suspended or terminated by the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion; and (2) all shares of common stock repurchased pursuant to the new program shall be held as treasury shares and be available for use and reissuance for purposes as and when determined by the Board of Directors including, without limitation, pursuant to the Corporation’s Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan and its equity compensation program.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Certain statements in this section and elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements. Citizens & Northern Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the Corporation) intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements, which are not historical facts, are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, business objectives and expectations, and are generally identifiable by the use of words such as, "should", “likely”, "expect", “plan”, "anticipate", “target”, “forecast”, and “goal”. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict, may be beyond management’s control and could cause results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors which could have a material, adverse impact on the operations and future prospects of the Corporation include, but are not limited to, the following:

changes in monetary and fiscal policies of the Federal Reserve Board and the U. S. Government, particularly related to changes in interest rates

changes in general economic conditions

legislative or regulatory changes

downturn in demand for loan, deposit and other financial services in the Corporation’s market area

increased competition from other banks and non-bank providers of financial services

technological changes and increased technology-related costs

changes in accounting principles, or the application of generally accepted accounting principles.

These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements.

EARNINGS OVERVIEW

Net income per basic and diluted share was $0.29 in the first quarter 2016, as compared to $0.33 per share in the fourth quarter 2015 and $0.31 per share in the first quarter 2015. The return on average assets for the first quarter 2016 was 1.18%, and the return on average equity was 7.60%.

Some of the more significant fluctuations in revenues and expenses between the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 and the corresponding period in 2015 were as follows:

Net interest income was up $83,000 (0.8%) in the first quarter 2016 as compared to the first quarter 2015. The first quarter 2016 net interest margin of 3.81% improved by 0.07% over the first quarter 2015 due to a lower cost of borrowed funds and a more favorable mix of earning assets. The lower rate on borrowed funds resulted from prepayments in 2015 totaling $34 million of principal of a repurchase agreement with an interest rate of 4.265%. Average total loans outstanding increased $77.2 million (12.4%) in the first quarter 2016 as compared to the first quarter 2015, while average total available-for-sale securities fell $94.5 million. The average balance of earning assets fell $23.6 million, reflecting a reduction in funding available for investment, as average total deposits decreased $21.4 million (2.2%).

The first quarter 2016 provision for loan losses of $368,000 was $365,000 higher than the comparative first quarter 2015 amount of $3,000. The higher provision in the first quarter 2016 resulted from an increase in the collectively determined portion of the allowance for loan losses, including the effect of an increase in the average net charge-off percentage used to calculate the allowance due to a partial charge-off of $595,000 on one commercial loan in the first quarter 2016. In comparison, the lower first quarter 2015 provision included the net effect of a decrease in qualitative factor percentages used in determining the collectively evaluated portion of the allowance for loan losses, lower loan balances and a reduction in the specific allowance on impaired loans.

Noninterest revenue of $3,690,000 in the first quarter 2016 was higher by $134,000 (3.8%) than the first quarter 2015 amount. Service charges on deposit accounts were $116,000 (11.4%) higher in the first quarter 2016 than in the first quarter 2015, reflecting changes made in the fee structure of certain checking products effective in April 2015.

In the first quarter 2016, realized gains from securities totaled $383,000, including gains from sales of bank stocks of $249,000. Realized gains from securities in the first quarter 2016 exceeded the first quarter 2015 amount by $309,000.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Noninterest expenses, excluding loss on prepayment of borrowings, of $9,072,000 in the first quarter 2016 exceeded the first quarter 2015 amount by $539,000 (6.3%). Salaries and wages expense increased $400,000 (11.5%), reflecting an increase in number of employees and the effects of a significant portion of 2016 employee annual performance evaluations and merit increases occurring in the first quarter. The average number of full-time equivalent employees was 288 in the first quarter 2016, up from 278 in the first quarter 2015, including new positions established for lending, lending support, information technology, training and marketing functions. Professional fees expense increased $133,000 in the first quarter 2016 over the first quarter 2015 amount, including increases related to employee sales and service training, information technology, marketing and outsourced commercial loan credit review.

More detailed information concerning fluctuations in the Corporation’s earnings results and other financial information are provided in other sections of Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

TABLE I - QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA
(In Thousands) (Unaudited)	For the Three Months Ended:
	Mar. 31,		Dec. 31,		Sept. 30,		June 30,		Mar. 31,
	2016		2015		2015		2015		2015
Interest income	$	10,937	$	11,036	$	11,134	$	11,186	$	11,163
Interest expense		904		1,087		1,126		1,176		1,213
Net interest income		10,033		9,949		10,008		10,010		9,950
Provision for loan losses		368		319		302		221		3
Net interest income after provision
for loan losses		9,665		9,630		9,706		9,789		9,947
Other income		3,690		3,999		3,961		3,962		3,556
Net gains on available-for-sale securities		383		1,776		79		932		74
Loss on prepayment of borrowings		0		1,663		0		910		0
Other expenses		9,072		8,416		8,117		7,964		8,533
Income before income tax provision		4,666		5,326		5,629		5,809		5,044
Income tax provision		1,093		1,261		1,395		1,452		1,229
Net income	$	3,573	$	4,065	$	4,234	$	4,357	$	3,815
Net income per share – basic	$	0.29	$	0.33	$	0.35	$	0.36	$	0.31
Net income per share – diluted	$	0.29	$	0.33	$	0.35	$	0.36	$	0.31

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The presentation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect many of the reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

A material estimate that is particularly susceptible to significant change is the determination of the allowance for loan losses. Management believes the allowance for loan losses is adequate and reasonable. Analytical information related to the Corporation’s aggregate loans and the related allowance for loan losses is summarized by loan segment and classes of loans in Note 7 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements. Additional discussion of the Corporation’s allowance for loan losses is provided in a separate section later in Management’s Discussion and Analysis. Given the very subjective nature of identifying and valuing loan losses, it is likely that well-informed individuals could make materially different assumptions, and could, therefore calculate a materially different allowance value. While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, changes in economic conditions may necessitate revisions in future years. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Corporation’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Corporation to recognize adjustments to the allowance based on their judgments of information available to them at the time of their examination.

Another material estimate is the calculation of fair values of the Corporation’s debt securities. For most of the Corporation’s debt securities, the Corporation receives estimated fair values of debt securities from an independent valuation service, or from brokers. In developing fair values, the valuation service and the brokers use estimates of cash flows, based on historical performance of similar instruments in similar interest rate environments. Based on experience, management is aware that estimated fair values of debt securities tend to vary among brokers and other valuation services.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

As described in Note 6 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements, management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI). In making that evaluation, consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) whether the Corporation intends to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery. Management’s assessments of the likelihood and potential for recovery in value of securities are subjective and based on sensitive assumptions.

NET INTEREST INCOME

The Corporation’s primary source of operating income is net interest income, which is equal to the difference between the amounts of interest income and interest expense. Tables II, III and IV include information regarding the Corporation’s net interest income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015. In each of these tables, the amounts of interest income earned on tax-exempt securities and loans have been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis. Accordingly, the net interest income amounts reflected in these tables exceed the amounts presented in the consolidated financial statements. The discussion that follows is based on amounts in the related Tables.

Fully taxable equivalent net interest income was $10,744,000 in 2016, $76,000 (0.7%) higher than in 2015. Interest income was $233,000 lower in 2016 as compared to 2015; however, interest expense was lower by $309,000 in comparing the same periods. As presented in Table III, the Net Interest Margin was 3.81% in 2016 as compared to 3.74% in 2015, and the “Interest Rate Spread” (excess of average rate of return on earning assets over average cost of funds on interest-bearing liabilities) was 3.68% in 2016 as compared to 3.57% in 2015. In the first quarter 2016, the Corporation recognized accretion (interest) income of $33,000 on an accelerated basis on three tax-exempt securities that were called during the quarter, with the call dates occurring later in the year. The fully taxable equivalent benefit of the accelerated accretion was $51,000, which increased the Margin and Spread by 0.02% each over the levels that would have been reported in the absence of the accelerated recognition. The favorable change in Margin and Spread were partially offset by the impact of a reduction in earning assets, which fell $23,562,000, reflecting a reduction in investable funds due to a lower amount of average deposits.

INTEREST INCOME AND EARNING ASSETS

Interest income totaled $11,648,000 in 2016, a decrease of 2.0% from 2015. Interest and fees on loans receivable increased $418,000, or 5.1%, while income from available-for-sale securities decreased $653,000 (18.1%). As discussed in more detail in the “Financial Condition” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis, the average balance of gross loans receivable increased 12.4% to $701,636,000 in 2016 from $624,423,000 in 2015. The Corporation’s average rate of return on loans receivable declined to 4.96% in 2015 from 5.35% in 2015 as rates on new loans have decreased.

As indicated in Table III, average available-for-sale securities (at amortized cost) totaled $411,286,000 in 2016, a decrease of $94,492,000 (18.7%) from 2015. The net decrease in the Corporation’s available-for-sale securities portfolio consisted of decreases in all categories of securities. The average rate of return on available-for-sale securities of 2.89% was essentially flat in 2016 as compared to 2015 at 2.90%. Excluding the accelerated accretion from the three called securities, as described above, the average rate of return on available-for-sale securities for the first quarter 2016 would have been 2.84%.

INTEREST EXPENSE AND INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES

Interest expense fell $309,000, or 25.5%, to $904,000 in 2016 from $1,213,000 in 2015. The reduction in interest expense included a reduction in interest on borrowed funds of $302,000. Table III shows that the overall cost of funds on interest-bearing liabilities fell to 0.45% in 2016 from 0.59% in 2015.

Total average deposits (interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing) decreased 2.2%, to $944,599,000 in 2016 from $966,027,000 in 2015. Decreases in the average balances of money market, certificates of deposit, Individual Retirement Accounts, and noninterest-bearing demand deposit accounts were partially offset by increases in interest checking and savings accounts.

Total average borrowed funds decreased $4,629,000 to $74,408,000 in 2016 from $79,037,000 in 2015. The average rate on borrowed funds was 2.30% in 2016 compared to 3.73% in 2015, reflecting a $34,295,000 reduction in the average balance of higher-rate, long-term borrowings resulting from prepayment in the second and fourth quarters of 2015 of a long-term repurchase agreement borrowing with an interest rate of 4.265%. The average balance of short-term borrowings increased $29,666,000 in 2016 over 2015, as average overnight borrowings were higher in 2016 and the Corporation funded the pay-off of the long-term repurchase agreement with a series of short-term advances from the FHLB-Pittsburgh.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

TABLE II - ANALYSIS OF INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,				Increase/
(In Thousands)	2016		2015		(Decrease)

INTEREST INCOME
Available-for-sale securities:
Taxable	$	1,589	$	2,061	($	472	)
Tax-exempt		1,370		1,551		(181	)
Total available-for-sale securities		2,959		3,612		(653	)
Interest-bearing due from banks		24		26		(2	)
Loans held for sale		6		2		4
Loans receivable:
Taxable		7,974		7,709		265
Tax-exempt		685		532		153
Total loans receivable		8,659		8,241		418
Total Interest Income		11,648		11,881		(233	)

INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest checking		58		55		3
Money market		79		72		7
Savings		32		31		1
Certificates of deposit		202		215		(13	)
Individual Retirement Accounts		108		113		(5	)
Total interest-bearing deposits		479		486		(7	)
Borrowed funds:
Short-term		62		1		61
Long-term		363		726		(363	)
Total borrowed funds		425		727		(302	)
Total Interest Expense		904		1,213		(309	)

Net Interest Income	$	10,744	$	10,668	$	76

Note: Interest income from tax-exempt securities and loans has been adjusted to a fully tax-equivalent basis, using the Corporation’s marginal federal income tax rate of 35%.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

TABLE III - ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE DAILY BALANCES AND RATES

(Dollars in Thousands)

	3 Months						3 Months
	Ended			Rate of			Ended			Rate of
	3/31/2016			Return/			3/31/2015			Return/
	Average			Cost of			Average			Cost of
	Balance			Funds %			Balance			Funds %
EARNING ASSETS
Available-for-sale securities, at amortized cost:
Taxable	$	305,880			2.09	%	$	388,104			2.15	%
Tax-exempt		105,406			5.23	%		117,674			5.35	%
Total available-for-sale securities		411,286			2.89	%		505,778			2.90	%
Interest-bearing due from banks		20,348			0.47	%		26,994			0.39	%
Loans held for sale		452			5.34	%		89			9.11	%
Loans receivable:
Taxable		640,959			5.00	%		582,498			5.37	%
Tax-exempt		60,677			4.54	%		41,925			5.15	%
Total loans receivable		701,636			4.96	%		624,423			5.35	%
Total Earning Assets		1,133,722			4.13	%		1,157,284			4.16	%
Cash		15,588						16,127
Unrealized gain/loss on securities		7,055						10,626
Allowance for loan losses		(7,932	)					(7,391	)
Bank premises and equipment		15,458						16,252
Intangible Asset - Core Deposit Intangible		29						50
Intangible Asset - Goodwill		11,942						11,942
Other assets		38,530						37,135
Total Assets	$	1,214,392					$	1,242,025

INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest checking	$	195,142			0.12	%	$	191,705			0.12	%
Money market		191,514			0.17	%		194,834			0.15	%
Savings		130,003			0.10	%		127,853			0.10	%
Certificates of deposit		113,411			0.72	%		122,007			0.71	%
Individual Retirement Accounts		105,562			0.41	%		113,806			0.40	%
Other time deposits		804			0.00	%		803			0.00	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		736,436			0.26	%		751,008			0.26	%
Borrowed funds:
Short-term		35,683			0.70	%		6,017			0.07	%
Long-term		38,725			3.77	%		73,020			4.03	%
Total borrowed funds		74,408			2.30	%		79,037			3.73	%
Total Interest-bearing Liabilities		810,844			0.45	%		830,045			0.59	%
Demand deposits		208,163						215,019
Other liabilities		7,378						8,120
Total Liabilities		1,026,385						1,053,184
Stockholders' equity, excluding other comprehensive income/loss		183,376						181,944
Other comprehensive income/loss		4,631						6,897
Total Stockholders' Equity		188,007						188,841
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	1,214,392					$	1,242,025
Interest Rate Spread					3.68	%					3.57	%
Net Interest Income/Earning Assets					3.81	%					3.74	%

Total Deposits (Interest-bearing
and Demand)	$	944,599					$	966,027

(1) Annualized rates of return on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, using the Corporation’s marginal federal income tax rate of 35%.

(2) Nonaccrual loans have been included with loans for the purpose of analyzing net interest earnings.

(3) Rates of return on earning assets and costs of funds are presented on an annualized basis.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

TABLE IV - ANALYSIS OF VOLUME AND RATE CHANGES

	3 Months Ended 3/31/16 vs. 3/31/15
	Change in			Change in			Total
(In Thousands)	Volume			Rate			Change
EARNING ASSETS
Available-for-sale securities:
Taxable	$	(414	)	$	(58	)	$	(472	)
Tax-exempt		(150	)		(31	)		(181	)
Total available-for-sale securities		(564	)		(89	)		(653	)
Interest-bearing due from banks		(7	)		5			(2	)
Loans held for sale		5			(1	)		4
Loans receivable:
Taxable		787			(522	)		265
Tax-exempt		221			(68	)		153
Total loans receivable		1,008			(590	)		418
Total Interest Income		442			(675	)		(233	)

INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest checking		1			2			3
Money market		(1	)		8			7
Savings		1			0			1
Certificates of deposit		(14	)		1			(13	)
Individual Retirement Accounts		(7	)		2			(5	)
Total interest-bearing deposits		(20	)		13			(7	)
Borrowed funds:
Short-term		22			39			61
Long-term		(319	)		(44	)		(363	)
Total borrowed funds		(297	)		(5	)		(302	)
Total Interest Expense		(317	)		8			(309	)

Net Interest Income	$	759		($	683	)	$	76

(1) Changes in income on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a fully tax-equivalent basis, using the Corporation’s marginal federal income tax rate of 35%.

(2) The change in interest due to both volume and rates has been allocated to volume and rate changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amount of the change in each.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

TABLE V - COMPARISON OF NONINTEREST INCOME

(In Thousands)

	3 Months Ended
	March 31,						$			%
	2016			2015			Change			Change
Service charges on deposit accounts	$	1,138		$	1,022		$	116			11.4
Service charges and fees		94			113			(19	)		(16.8	)
Trust and financial management revenue		1,144			1,114			30			2.7
Brokerage revenue		173			219			(46	)		(21.0	)
Insurance commissions, fees and premiums		21			40			(19	)		(47.5	)
Interchange revenue from debit card transactions		463			474			(11	)		(2.3	)
Net gains from sales of loans		168			147			21			14.3
Decrease in fair value of servicing rights		(71	)		(117	)		46			(39.3	)
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		96			97			(1	)		(1.0	)
Other operating income		464			447			17			3.8
Total other operating income before realized gains on available-for-sale securities, net	$	3,690		$	3,556		$	134			3.8

Table V excludes realized gains on available-for-sale securities, which are discussed in the “Earnings Overview” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis. Total noninterest income shown in Table V increased $134,000 or 3.8%, in the first three months of 2016 as compared to the first three months of 2015. The most significant variances include the following:

Service charges on deposit accounts increased $116,000 (11.4%) in the first quarter 2016 compared to the first quarter 2015, primarily as a result of changes made in the fee structure of certain checking products effective in April 2015.

The fair value of servicing rights associated with residential mortgage loans decreased $71,000 in the first quarter 2016 as compared to a decrease of $117,000 in the first quarter 2015. The decreases in fair value resulted mainly from changes in prepayment assumptions driven by market assumptions of lower interest rates.

Broker dealer revenue was $46,000 lower in the first quarter of 2016 than in the first quarter 2015 as a result of lower volume of sales transactions as well as lower fees resulting from market value decreases.

TABLE VI - COMPARISON OF NONINTEREST EXPENSE

(In Thousands)

	3 Months Ended
	March 31,				$			%
	2016		2015		Change			Change
Salaries and wages	$	3,887	$	3,487	$	400			11.5
Pensions and other employee benefits		1,437		1,385		52			3.8
Occupancy expense, net		609		722		(113	)		(15.7	)
Furniture and equipment expense		427		454		(27	)		(5.9	)
FDIC Assessments		142		151		(9	)		(6.0	)
Pennsylvania shares tax		322		318		4			1.3
Professional fees		289		156		133			85.3
Automated teller machine and interchange expense		249		246		3			1.2
Software subscriptions		241		197		44			22.3
Other operating expense		1,469		1,417		52			3.7
Total Other Expense	$	9,072	$	8,533	$	539			6.3

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

As shown in Table VI, total noninterest expense increased $539,000 or 6.3% in the first three months of 2016 as compared to the first three months of 2015. Significant variances include the following:

Salaries and wages expense increased $400,000 (11.5%), reflecting an increase in number of employees and the effects of a significant portion of 2016 employee annual performance evaluations and merit increases occurring in the first quarter. The average number of full-time equivalent employees was 288 in the first quarter 2016, up from 278 in the first quarter 2015, including new positions established for lending, lending support, information technology, training and marketing functions.

Professional fees expense increased $133,000 (85.3%) in the first quarter 2016 over the first quarter 2015 amount, including increases related to employee sales and service training, information technology, marketing and outsourced commercial loan credit review.

Pensions and other employee benefits increased $52,000 (3.8%) in the first quarter 2016 over the first quarter 2015 as a result of increased healthcare claims as well as increases in other benefits related to new hires.

Other operating expense increased $52,000 (3.7%) in the first quarter 2016 over the first quarter 2015, including an increase in charitable donations of $70,000.

Software subscriptions and updates increased $44,000 (22.3%) in the first quarter 2016 over the first quarter 2015 as a result of enhancements and new applications initiated in 2015 and continuing into 2016.

Occupancy expenses in the first quarter of 2016 were $113,000 (15.7%) under the first quarter 2015 primarily as a result of lower depreciation costs as well as lower winter related expenses such as snow removal and fuel costs.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Gross loans outstanding (excluding mortgage loans held for sale) were $701,605,000 at March 31, 2016, down 0.5% from $704,880,000 at December 31, 2015. The total outstanding balances of residential mortgage and consumer loans were slightly higher at March 31, 2016 as compared to December 31, 2015; however, the balance of commercial loans was lower by $4,611,000, or 1.5%. In contrast, average loans outstanding in the first quarter 2016 of $701,636,000 were $77,213,000, or 12.4%, higher than the corresponding total in the first quarter 2015. The increase in loans outstanding over the last three quarters of 2015 included significant increases in tax-exempt municipal loans and in commercial participation loans. A significant portion of the 2015 growth in municipal loans stemmed from loans to two school districts located in the Corporation’s market area. Participation loans represent portions of larger commercial transactions for which other institutions are the “lead banks”. Although not the lead bank, the Corporation conducts detailed underwriting and monitoring of participation loan opportunities. Participation loans are included in the “Commercial and industrial” and “Commercial loans secured by real estate” classes in the loan tables presented in this Form 10-Q. Total participation loans outstanding amounted to $32,671,000 at March 31, 2016, down slightly from $33,059,000 at December 31, 2015. At March 31, 2016, the balance of participation loans outstanding includes $7,126,000 to a business based in the Corporation’s market area, $10,000,000 to an entity located outside of the Corporation’s market area and $11,089,000 from participations in loans originated through the Corporation’s membership in a network that originates loans throughout the U.S. The Corporation’s participation loans originated through the network consist of loans to businesses that are larger than the Corporation’s typical commercial customer base. The loans originated through the network are considered “leveraged loans,” meaning the businesses typically have minimal tangible book equity and the extent of collateral available is limited, though the businesses have demonstrated strong cash flow performance in their recent histories.

The balance of available-for-sale securities fell $6,684,000 to $413,606,000 at March 31, 2016 from $420,290,000 at December 31, 2015. The reduction related primarily to the use of proceeds from calls and maturities of securities to pay down short-term debt. The average balance of available-for-sale securities, at amortized cost, was $411,286,000 for the first three months of 2016, or $94.5 million (18.7%) lower than the average balance for the first three months of 2015.

Although average deposits were 2.2% lower in the first quarter 2016 as compared to the first quarter 2015, total deposits of $955,848,000 at March 31, 2016 were up $20,233,000, or 2.2%, from the corresponding total at December 31, 2015. In the first quarter 2016, the Corporation’s total municipal deposits increased, as the Pennsylvania state budget impasse that had delayed funding to many municipal customers and depressed total deposits outstanding as of the end of 2015 was resolved.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Other significant changes in the average balances of the Corporation’s earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities are described in the “Net Interest Income” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis. Other significant balance sheet items, including the allowance for loan losses and stockholders’ equity, are discussed in separate sections of Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

Management does not expect capital expenditures to have a material, detrimental effect on the Corporation’s financial condition in 2016.

Since 2009, the Corporation has originated and sold residential mortgage loans to the secondary market through the MPF Xtra program administered by the Federal Home Loan Banks of Pittsburgh and Chicago. Residential mortgages originated and sold through the MPF Xtra program consist primarily of conforming, prime loans sold to the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), a government agency. In 2014, the Corporation began to originate and sell residential mortgage loans to the secondary market through the MPF Original program, which is also administered by the Federal Home Loan Banks of Pittsburgh and Chicago. Residential mortgages originated and sold through the MPF Original program consist primarily of conforming, prime loans sold to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh. For loans sold under the Original program, the Corporation provides a credit enhancement whereby the Corporation would assume credit losses in excess of a defined First Loss Account (“FLA”) balance, up to specified amounts. The FLA is funded by the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh based on a percentage of the outstanding balance of loans sold. The Corporation does not provide a credit enhancement for loans sold through the Xtra program.

For loan sales originated under the MPF Xtra and Original programs, the Corporation provides customary representations and warranties to investors that specify, among other things, that the loans have been underwritten to the standards established by the investor. The Corporation may be required to repurchase a loan and reimburse a portion of fees received, or reimburse the investor for a credit loss incurred on a loan, if it is determined that the representations and warranties have not been met. Such repurchases or reimbursements generally result from an underwriting or documentation deficiency. At March 31, 2016, the total outstanding balance of loans the Corporation has repurchased as a result of identified instances of noncompliance amounted to $1,952,000, and the corresponding total outstanding balance repurchased at December 31, 2015 was $1,968,000.

At March 31, 2016, outstanding balances of loans sold and serviced through the two programs totaled $153,778,000, including loans sold through the MPF Xtra program of $123,227,000 and loans sold through the Original program of $30,551,000. At December 31, 2015, outstanding balances of loans sold and serviced through the two programs totaled $152,448,000, including loans sold through the MPF Xtra program of $125,571,000 and loans sold through the Original program of $26,877,000. Based on the fairly limited volume of required repurchases to date, and of sales through the Original program with credit enhancement, no allowance had been established for representation and warranty exposures, or for credit losses on loan sales through the Original program as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

PROVISION AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

The Corporation maintains an allowance for loan losses that represents management’s estimate of the losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date and is recorded as a reduction of the investment in loans. Note 7 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements provides an overview of the process management uses for evaluating and determining the allowance for loan losses.

While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, changes in economic conditions may necessitate revisions in future years. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Corporation’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Corporation to recognize adjustments to the allowance based on their judgments of information available to them at the time of their examination.

The allowance for loan losses was $7,661,000 at March 31, 2016, down from $7,889,000 at December 31, 2015. As shown in Table VIII, the specific allowance on impaired loans totaled $306,000 at March 31, 2016, which was $514,000 lower than the total specific allowance at December 31, 2015 primarily as a result of a $595,000 partial charge-off on one commercial loan. Table VIII also shows the collectively determined component of the allowance for commercial loans was $201,000 higher at March 31, 2016 than at December 31, 2015, reflecting a higher allocation because average net charge-offs were higher primarily as a result of the charge-off in the first quarter 2016 previously noted.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

The provision (credit) for loan losses by segment in the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:

(In Thousands)	3 Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2016		2015
Residential mortgage	$	83	$	(72	)
Commercial		278		79
Consumer		7		(3	)
Unallocated		0		(1	)

Total	$	368	$	3

In the first quarter 2016, the total provision for loan losses was $368,000 compared to the first quarter 2015 total of $3,000. The provision for loan losses on commercial loans in the first quarter 2016 exceeded the first quarter of 2015 by $199,000. In 2016, the provision for the commercial segment included the effects of an increase in the portion of the collectively determined allowance based on average net charge-offs (based on historical experience over the previous thirty-six months) used to estimate a portion of the collectively determined allowance. The provision for loan losses on residential mortgages in the first quarter 2016 was $83,000 compared to a credit of $72,000 in 2015. In 2016, the provision for residential mortgages included the effects of an increase as compared to year-end 2015 in the qualitative factors used to estimate a portion of the collectively determined allowance. The provision for loan losses in the first quarter 2015 includes the net effect of a decrease in qualitative factor percentages used in determining the collectively evaluated portions of the allowance for loan losses, lower loan balances and a reduction in the specific allowance on impaired loans of $69,000, which were partially offset by increases in net charge-off percentages used in determining the collectively evaluated portions of the allowance for loan losses.

Table IX presents information related to past due and impaired loans, and loans that have been modified under terms that are considered troubled debt restructurings (TDRs). Table IX shows total impaired loans of $9,630,000 at March 31, 2016, down $344,000 from the corresponding amount at December 31, 2015 of $9,974,000. As also shown in Table IX, loans classified as TDRs totaled $6,313,000 at March 31, 2016 down slightly from $6,364,000 at December 31, 2015, and nonaccrual loans totaled $10,944,000 at March 31, 2016 as compared to $11,517,000 at December 31, 2015.

The outstanding balances of impaired loans without a valuation allowance, nonaccrual loans and nonperforming TDRs at March 31, 2016, include an outstanding balance of $4,961,000 from loans to one commercial entity. In 2014, the Corporation entered into a forbearance agreement with this commercial borrower which includes a reduction in monthly payment amounts over a fifteen-month period. At the end of the fifteen-month period, the monthly payment amounts would revert to the original amounts, unless the forbearance agreement is extended or the payment requirements are otherwise modified. In July 2015, the forbearance agreement was extended for twelve months. The Corporation recorded a charge-off of $1,486,000 in the second quarter 2014 as a result of these modifications, as the payment amounts based on the forbearance agreement are not sufficient to fully amortize the contractual amount of principal outstanding on the loans.

As also shown in Table IX, the amount of loans past due 30-89 days and accruing interest increased $4,316,000, to $11,373,000 at March 31, 2016. The increase in the balance in the 30-89 days delinquent category included one commercial loan with an outstanding balance of $2,736,000 that was 35 days past due (and had been current prior to the first quarter 2016), and an increase of $807,000 in 1-4 family residential mortgage loans. Total loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest increased to $3,957,000 at March 31, 2016 from $3,229,000 at December 31, 2015. This category includes first lien residential mortgages with a total outstanding balance of $2,680,000 at March 31, 2016. The Corporation reviews the status of loans past due 90 days or more each quarter to determine if it is appropriate to continue to accrue interest, and has determined the loans included in this category are well secured and that ultimate collection of all principal and interest is probable.

Each period presented in Table IX includes a few large commercial relationships that have required significant monitoring and workout efforts. As a result, a limited number of relationships may significantly impact the total amount of allowance required on impaired loans, and may significantly impact the amount of total charge-offs reported in any one period.

Management believes it has been conservative in its decisions concerning identification of impaired loans, estimates of loss, and nonaccrual status; however, the actual losses realized from these relationships could vary materially from the allowances calculated as of March 31, 2016. Management continues to closely monitor its commercial loan relationships for possible credit losses, and will adjust its estimates of loss and decisions concerning nonaccrual status, if appropriate.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Tables VII through X present historical data related to loans and the allowance for loan losses.

TABLE VII - ANALYSIS OF THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

(In Thousands)

	3 Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,			Years Ended December 31,
	2016			2015			2015			2014			2013			2012			2011
Balance, beginning of year	$	7,889		$	7,336		$	7,336		$	8,663		$	6,857		$	7,705		$	9,107
Charge-offs:
Residential mortgage		0			(79	)		(217	)		(327	)		(95	)		(552	)		(100	)
Commercial		(595	)		(125	)		(251	)		(1,715	)		(459	)		(498	)		(1,189	)
Consumer		(18	)		(18	)		(94	)		(97	)		(117	)		(171	)		(157	)
Total charge-offs		(613	)		(222	)		(562	)		(2,139	)		(671	)		(1,221	)		(1,446	)
Recoveries:
Residential mortgage		0			1			1			25			24			18			3
Commercial		2			1			214			264			348			8			255
Consumer		15			15			55			47			58			59			71
Total recoveries		17			17			270			336			430			85			329
Net charge-offs		(596	)		(205	)		(292	)		(1,803	)		(241	)		(1,136	)		(1,117	)
Provision (credit) for loan losses		368			3			845			476			2,047			288			(285	)
Balance, end of period	$	7,661		$	7,134		$	7,889		$	7,336		$	8,663		$	6,857		$	7,705

Net charge-offs as a % of average loans		0.08	%		0.03	%		0.04	%		0.29	%		0.04	%		0.16	%		0.16	%

TABLE VIII - COMPONENTS OF THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

(In Thousands)

	Mar. 31,		As of December 31,
	2016		2015		2014		2013		2012		2011
ASC 310 - Impaired loans	$	306	$	820	$	769	$	2,333	$	623	$	1,126
ASC 450 - Collective segments:
Commercial		3,304		3,103		2,732		2,583		2,594		2,811
Residential mortgage		3,501		3,417		3,295		3,156		3,011		3,130
Consumer		123		122		145		193		188		204
Unallocated		427		427		395		398		441		434
Total Allowance	$	7,661	$	7,889	$	7,336	$	8,663	$	6,857	$	7,705

The above allocation is based on estimates and subjective judgments and is not necessarily indicative of the specific amounts or loan categories in which losses may occur.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

TABLE IX - PAST DUE AND IMPAIRED LOANS, NONPERFORMING ASSETS

AND TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURINGS (TDRs)

(In Thousands)

	As of
	March 31,			As of December 31,
	2016			2015			2014			2013			2012			2011
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance	$	1,420		$	1,933		$	3,241		$	9,889		$	2,710		$	3,433
Impaired loans without a valuation allowance		8,210			8,041			9,075			6,432			4,719			4,431
Total impaired loans	$	9,630		$	9,974		$	12,316		$	16,321		$	7,429		$	7,864

Total loans past due 30-89 days and still accruing	$	11,373		$	7,057		$	7,121		$	8,305		$	7,756		$	7,898

Nonperforming assets:
Total nonaccrual loans	$	10,944		$	11,517		$	12,610		$	14,934		$	7,353		$	7,197
Total loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing		3,957			3,229			2,843			3,131			2,311			1,267
Total nonperforming loans		14,901			14,746			15,453			18,065			9,664			8,464
Foreclosed assets held for sale (real estate)		1,584			1,260			1,189			892			879			1,235
Total nonperforming assets	$	16,485		$	16,006		$	16,642		$	18,957		$	10,543		$	9,699

Loans subject to troubled debt restructurings (TDRs):
Performing	$	1,167		$	1,186		$	1,807		$	3,267		$	906		$	1,064
Nonperforming		5,146			5,178			5,388			908			1,155			2,413
Total TDRs	$	6,313		$	6,364		$	7,195		$	4,175		$	2,061		$	3,477

Total nonperforming loans as a % of loans		2.12	%		2.09	%		2.45	%		2.80	%		1.41	%		1.19	%
Total nonperforming assets as a % of assets		1.36	%		1.31	%		1.34	%		1.53	%		0.82	%		0.73	%
Allowance for loan losses as a % of total loans		1.09	%		1.12	%		1.16	%		1.34	%		1.00	%		1.09	%
Allowance for loan losses as a % of nonperforming loans		51.41	%		53.50	%		47.47	%		47.95	%		70.95	%		91.03	%

TABLE X - SUMMARY OF LOANS BY TYPE

Summary of Loans by Type

(In Thousands)

	Mar. 31,			As of December 31,
	2016			2015			2014			2013			2012			2011
Residential mortgage:
Residential mortgage loans - first liens	$	306,753		$	304,783		$	291,882		$	299,831		$	311,627		$	331,015
Residential mortgage loans - junior liens		21,622			21,146			21,166			23,040			26,748			28,851
Home equity lines of credit		38,627			39,040			36,629			34,530			33,017			30,037
1-4 Family residential construction		20,010			21,121			16,739			13,909			12,842			9,959
Total residential mortgage		387,012			386,090			366,416			371,310			384,234			399,862
Commercial:
Commercial loans secured by real estate		154,646			154,779			145,878			147,215			158,413			156,388
Commercial and industrial		71,628			75,196			50,157			42,387			48,442			57,191
Political subdivisions		38,364			40,007			17,534			16,291			31,789			37,620
Commercial construction and land		7,445			5,122			6,938			17,003			28,200			23,518
Loans secured by farmland		7,168			7,019			7,916			10,468			11,403			10,949
Multi-family (5 or more) residential		8,393			9,188			8,917			10,985			6,745			6,583
Agricultural loans		4,492			4,671			3,221			3,251			3,053			2,987
Other commercial loans		11,387			12,152			13,334			14,631			362			552
Total commercial		303,523			308,134			253,895			262,231			288,407			295,788
Consumer		11,070			10,656			10,234			10,762			11,269			12,665
Total		701,605			704,880			630,545			644,303			683,910			708,315
Less: allowance for loan losses		(7,661	)		(7,889	)		(7,336	)		(8,663	)		(6,857	)		(7,705	)
Loans, net	$	693,944		$	696,991		$	623,209		$	635,640		$	677,053		$	700,610

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

LIQUIDITY

Liquidity is the ability to quickly raise cash at a reasonable cost. An adequate liquidity position permits the Corporation to pay creditors, compensate for unforeseen deposit fluctuations and fund unexpected loan demand. At March 31, 2016, the Corporation maintained overnight interest-bearing deposits with the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia and other correspondent banks totaling $24,681,000.

The Corporation maintains overnight borrowing facilities with several correspondent banks that provide a source of day-to-day liquidity. Also, the Corporation maintains borrowing facilities with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh, secured by various mortgage loans.

The Corporation has a line of credit with the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia’s Discount Window. Management intends to use this line of credit as a contingency funding source. As collateral for the line, the Corporation has pledged available-for-sale securities with a carrying value of $19,021,000 at March 31, 2016.

The Corporation’s outstanding, available, and total credit facilities at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are as follows:

	Outstanding				Available				Total Credit
(In Thousands)	Mar. 31,		Dec. 31,		Mar. 31,		Dec. 31,		Mar. 31,		Dec. 31,
	2016		2015		2016		2015		2016		2015
Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh	$	30,503	$	60,348	$	297,186	$	262,361	$	327,689	$	322,709
Federal Reserve Bank Discount Window		0		0		18,595		19,606		18,595		19,606
Other correspondent banks		0		0		45,000		45,000		45,000		45,000
Total credit facilities	$	30,503	$	60,348	$	360,781	$	326,967	$	391,284	$	387,315

At March 31, 2016, the Corporation’s outstanding credit facilities with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh consisted of short-term borrowings of $18,811,000, and long-term borrowings with a total amount of $11,692,000. At December 31, 2015, the Corporation’s outstanding credit facilities with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh consisted of overnight borrowings of $23,500,000, short-term borrowings of $25,081,000, and long-term borrowings with a total amount of $11,767,000. Additional information regarding borrowed funds is included in Note 8 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Additionally, the Corporation uses repurchase agreements placed with brokers to borrow funds secured by investment assets and “RepoSweep” arrangements to borrow funds from commercial banking customers on an overnight basis. If required to raise cash in an emergency situation, the Corporation could sell available-for-sale securities to meet its obligations. At March 31, 2016, the carrying value of available-for-sale securities in excess of amounts required to meet pledging or repurchase agreement obligations was $233,985,000.

Management believes the Corporation is well-positioned to meet its short-term and long-term obligations.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND CAPITAL ADEQUACY

The Corporation and C&N Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Details concerning capital ratios at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are presented below. Management believes, as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, that the Corporation and C&N Bank meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject and maintain capital conservation buffers (described in more detail in the “New Capital Rule” section below) that allow the Corporation and C&N Bank to avoid limitations on capital distributions, including dividend payments and certain discretionary bonus payments to executive officers.

(Dollars in Thousands)																Minimum To Be Well
						Minimum					Minimum To Maintain					Capitalized Under
						Capital					Capital Conservation					Prompt Corrective
	Actual					Requirement					Buffer at Reporting Date					Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
March 31, 2016:
Total capital to risk-weighted assets:
Consolidated	$	178,839		24.19	%	$	59,148		³8	%	$	63,769		³8.625	%	$	73,935		³10	%
C&N Bank		161,558		21.99	%		58,788		³8	%		63,381		³8.625	%		73,485		³10	%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets:
Consolidated		170,961		23.12	%		29,574		³6	%		48,982		³6.625	%		59,148		³8	%
C&N Bank		153,897		20.94	%		29,394		³6	%		48,684		³6.625	%		58,788		³8	%
Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets:
Consolidated		170,961		23.12	%		29,574		³4.5	%		37,892		³5.125	%		48,058		³6.5	%
C&N Bank		153,897		20.94	%		29,394		³4.5	%		37,661		³5.125	%		47,765		³6.5	%
Tier 1 capital to average assets:
Consolidated		170,961		14.26	%		47,954		³4	%		N/A		N/A			59,943		³5	%
C&N Bank		153,897		12.98	%		47,415		³4	%		N/A		N/A			59,269		³5	%

December 31, 2015:
Total capital to risk-weighted assets:
Consolidated	$	181,216		24.40	%	$	59,424		³8	%		N/A		N/A		$	74,281		³10	%
C&N Bank		161,187		21.83	%		59,058		³8	%		N/A		N/A			73,823		³10	%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets:
Consolidated		173,009		23.29	%		29,712		³6	%		N/A		N/A			59,424		³8	%
C&N Bank		153,298		20.77	%		29,529		³6	%		N/A		N/A			59,058		³8	%
Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets:
Consolidated		173,009		23.29	%		29,712		³4.5	%		N/A		N/A			48,282		³6.5	%
C&N Bank		153,298		20.77	%		29,529		³4.5	%		N/A		N/A			47,985		³6.5	%
Tier 1 capital to average assets:
Consolidated		173,009		14.31	%		48,355		³4	%		N/A		N/A			60,444		³5	%
C&N Bank		153,298		12.81	%		47,861		³4	%		N/A		N/A			59,826		³5	%

Management expects the Corporation and C&N Bank to maintain capital levels that exceed the regulatory standards for well-capitalized institutions and the applicable capital conservation buffers for the next 12 months and for the foreseeable future.

Future dividend payments will depend upon maintenance of a strong financial condition, future earnings and capital and regulatory requirements. As described in more detail in the section below titled “New Capital Rule," the Corporation and C&N Bank are subject to restrictions on the amount of dividends that may be paid without approval of banking regulatory authorities.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

NEW CAPITAL RULE

In July 2013, the federal regulatory authorities issued a new capital rule based, in part, on revisions developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision to the Basel capital framework (Basel III). The Corporation and C&N Bank became subject to the new rule effective January 1, 2015. Generally, the new rule implemented higher minimum capital requirements, revised the definition of regulatory capital components and related calculations, added a new common equity tier 1 capital ratio, implemented a new capital conservation buffer, increased the risk weighting for past due loans and provided a transition period for several aspects of the new rule.

The current (new) capital rule provides that, in order to avoid limitations on capital distributions, including dividend payments and certain discretionary bonus payments to executive officers, a banking organization must hold a capital conservation buffer composed of common equity tier 1 capital above its minimum risk-based capital requirements. The buffer is measured relative to risk-weighted assets. Phase-in of the capital conservation buffer requirements began January 1, 2016. The transition schedule for new ratios, including the capital conservation buffer, is as follows:

	As of January 1:
	2015			2016			2017			2018			2019
Minimum common equity tier 1 capital ratio		4.5	%		4.5	%		4.5	%		4.5	%		4.5	%
Common equity tier 1 capital conservation buffer		N/A			0.625	%		1.25	%		1.875	%		2.5	%
Minimum common equity tier 1 capital ratio plus capital conservation buffer		4.5	%		5.125	%		5.75	%		6.375	%		7.0	%
Phase-in of most deductions from common equity tier 1 capital		40	%		60	%		80	%		100	%		100	%
Minimum tier 1 capital ratio		6.0	%		6.0	%		6.0	%		6.0	%		6.0	%
Minimum tier 1 capital ratio plus capital conservation buffer		N/A			6.625	%		7.25	%		7.875	%		8.5	%
Minimum total capital ratio		8.0	%		8.0	%		8.0	%		8.0	%		8.0	%
Minimum total capital ratio plus capital conservation buffer		N/A			8.625	%		9.25	%		9.875	%		10.5	%

As fully phased in, a banking organization with a buffer greater than 2.5% would not be subject to additional limits on dividend payments or discretionary bonus payments; however, a banking organization with a buffer less than 2.5% would be subject to increasingly stringent limitations as the buffer approaches zero. The new rule also prohibits a banking organization from making dividend payments or discretionary bonus payments if its eligible retained income is negative in that quarter and its capital conservation buffer ratio was less than 2.5% as of the beginning of that quarter. Eligible net income is defined as net income for the four calendar quarters preceding the current calendar quarter, net of any distributions and associated tax effects not already reflected in net income. A summary of payout restrictions based on the capital conservation buffer is as follows:

Capital Conservation Buffer	Maximum Payout
(as a % of risk-weighted assets)	(as a % of eligible retained income)
Greater than 2.5%		No payout limitation applies
≤2.5% and >1.875%		60	%
≤1.875% and >1.25%		40	%
≤1.25% and >0.625%		20	%
≤0.625%		0	%

The Corporation’s total stockholders’ equity is affected by fluctuations in the fair values of available-for-sale securities. The difference between amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale securities, net of deferred income tax, is included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income within stockholders’ equity. The balance in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income related to unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities, net of deferred income tax, amounted to $5,347,000 at March 31, 2016 and $2,493,000 at December 31, 2015. Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income are excluded from earnings and directly increase or decrease stockholders’ equity. If available-for-sale securities are deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, unrealized losses are recorded as a charge against earnings, and amortized cost for the affected securities is reduced. Note 6 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements provides additional information concerning management’s evaluation of available-for-sale securities for other-than-temporary impairment at March 31, 2016.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Stockholders’ equity is also affected by the underfunded or overfunded status of defined benefit pension and postretirement plans. The balance in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income related to defined benefit plans, net of deferred income tax, was $49,000 at March 31, 2016 and $35,000 at December 31, 2015.

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Comprehensive Income is the total of (1) net income, and (2) all other changes in equity from non-stockholder sources, which are referred to as Other Comprehensive Income. Changes in the components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) are included in Other Comprehensive Income, and for the Corporation, consist of changes in unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities and changes in underfunded or overfunded defined benefit plans.

Fluctuations in interest rates significantly affect fair values of available-for-sale securities, and accordingly have an effect on Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) in each period. Comprehensive Income totaled $6,441,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 as compared to $6,121,000 in the first quarter 2015. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, Comprehensive Income included: (1) Net Income of $3,573,000, which was $242,000 lower than in the first quarter 2015; (2) Other Comprehensive Income from an increase in net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities of $2,854,000 as compared to Other Comprehensive Gain of $2,373,000 from an increase in net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities in the first quarter 2015; and (3) Other Comprehensive Gain from defined benefit plans of $14,000, as compared to Other Comprehensive Loss of $67,000 from defined benefit plans in the first quarter 2015.

INCOME TAXES

The effective income tax rate was 23.4% of pre-tax income for the first quarter 2016 and 24.4% for the first quarter 2015. The provision for income tax for interim periods is based on the Corporation’s estimate of the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full year. The Corporation’s effective tax rates differ from the statutory rate of 35% principally because of the effects of tax-exempt interest income.

The Corporation recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. At March 31, 2016, the net deferred tax asset was $949,000, down from $3,115,000 at December 31, 2015. The most significant change in temporary difference components was an increase of $1,537,000 in the deferred tax liability associated with unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities.

The Corporation regularly reviews deferred tax assets for recoverability based on history of earnings, expectations for future earnings and expected timing of reversals of temporary differences. Realization of deferred tax assets ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income, including taxable income in prior carryback years, as well as future taxable income. Management believes the recorded net deferred tax asset at March 31, 2016 is fully realizable; however, if management determines the Corporation will be unable to realize all or part of the net deferred tax asset, the Corporation would adjust the deferred tax asset, which would negatively impact earnings.

Additional information related to income taxes is presented in Note 11 to the unaudited, consolidated financial statements.

INFLATION

The Corporation is significantly affected by the Federal Reserve Board’s efforts to control inflation through changes in short-term interest rates. Beginning in September 2007, in response to concerns about weakness in the U.S. economy, the Federal Reserve lowered the fed funds target rate numerous times; in December 2008, it established a target range of 0% to 0.25%, which it maintained through mid-December 2015. On December 16, 2015, the Federal Reserve raised their target for the federal funds rate to 0.25% to 0.50%. This decision was based on data available that suggested economic activity had been expanding at a moderate pace. This included an increase in household spending, business fixed investments increasing, and an improvement in labor market conditions. Also, throughout this period, the Federal Reserve has injected massive amounts of liquidity into the nation’s monetary system through a variety of programs. The Federal Reserve has purchased large amounts of securities in an effort to keep interest rates low and stimulate economic growth. Beginning in late 2013, the Federal Reserve began reducing the amount of securities purchased under its asset purchase program and then ended the program in October 2014, though still reinvesting principal payments from its holdings of agency debt and agency mortgage-backed securities in agency mortgage-backed securities and continued to roll over maturing Treasury securities at auction. The Federal Reserve maintained their commitment to this policy in their March 16, 2016 statement and anticipates doing so until normalization of the level of the federal funds rate is well under way.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Despite the current low short-term rate environment, inflation statistics indicate that the overall rate of inflation is unlikely to significantly affect the Corporation’s operations within the near future. Although management cannot predict future changes in the rates of inflation, management monitors the impact of economic trends, including any indicators of inflationary pressures, in managing interest rate and other financial risks.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices of the Corporation’s financial instruments. In addition to the effects of interest rates, the market prices of the Corporation’s debt securities within the available-for-sale securities portfolio are affected by fluctuations in the risk premiums (amounts of spread over risk-free rates) demanded by investors. Management attempts to limit the risk that economic conditions would force the Corporation to sell securities for realized losses by maintaining a strong capital position (discussed in the “Stockholders’ Equity and Capital Adequacy” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis) and ample sources of liquidity (discussed in the “Liquidity” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis).

The Corporation’s two major categories of market risk are interest rate risk and equity securities risk, which are discussed in the following sections.

INTEREST RATE RISK

Business risk arising from changes in interest rates is an inherent factor in operating a bank. The Corporation’s assets are predominantly long-term, fixed-rate loans and debt securities. Funding for these assets comes principally from shorter-term deposits and borrowed funds. Accordingly, there is an inherent risk of lower future earnings or decline in fair value of the Corporation’s financial instruments when interest rates change.

The Corporation uses a simulation model to calculate the potential effects of interest rate fluctuations on net interest income and the market value of portfolio equity. For purposes of these calculations, the market value of portfolio equity includes the fair values of financial instruments, such as securities, loans, deposits and borrowed funds, and the book values of nonfinancial assets and liabilities, such as premises and equipment and accrued expenses. The model measures and projects the amount of potential changes in net interest income, and calculates the discounted present value of anticipated cash flows of financial instruments, assuming an immediate increase or decrease in interest rates. Management ordinarily runs a variety of scenarios within a range of plus or minus 100-400 basis points of current rates.

The model makes estimates, at each level of interest rate change, regarding cash flows from principal repayments on loans and mortgage-backed securities and call activity on other investment securities. Actual results could vary significantly from these estimates, which could result in significant differences in the calculations of projected changes in net interest income and market value of portfolio equity. Also, the model does not make estimates related to changes in the composition of the deposit portfolio that could occur due to rate competition, and the table does not necessarily reflect changes that management would make to realign the portfolio as a result of changes in interest rates.

The Corporation’s Board of Directors has established policy guidelines for acceptable levels of interest rate risk, based on an immediate increase or decrease in interest rates. The policy limits acceptable fluctuations in net interest income from the baseline (flat rates) one-year scenario and variances in the market value of portfolio equity from the baseline values based on current rates.

Table XI, which follows this discussion, is based on the results of calculations performed using the simulation model as of January 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. The table shows that as of the respective dates, the changes in net interest income and changes in market value were within the policy limits in all scenarios.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

TABLE XI - THE EFFECT OF HYPOTHETICAL CHANGES IN INTEREST RATES

January 31, 2016 Data
(In Thousands)			Period Ending January 31, 2017

Basis Point	Interest		Interest		Net Interest		NII			NII
Change in Rates	Income		Expense		Income (NII)		% Change			Risk Limit
+400	$	51,937	$	22,130	$	29,807		-20.0	%		25.0	%
+300		49,274		17,351		31,923		-14.3	%		20.0	%
+200		46,592		12,661		33,931		-8.9	%		15.0	%
+100		43,824		8,146		35,678		-4.3	%		10.0	%
0		40,967		3,705		37,262		0.0	%		0.0	%
-100		38,268		3,182		35,086		-5.8	%		10.0	%
-200		36,868		3,179		33,689		-9.6	%		15.0	%
-300		36,351		3,179		33,172		-11.0	%		20.0	%
-400		36,208		3,179		33,029		-11.4	%		25.0	%

	Market Value of Portfolio Equity at January 31, 2016

	Present		Present			Present
Basis Point	Value		Value			Value
Change in Rates	Equity		% Change			Risk Limit
+400	$	166,868		-24.3	%		50.0	%
+300		178,584		-19.0	%		45.0	%
+200		192,086		-12.8	%		35.0	%
+100		205,639		-6.7	%		25.0	%
0		220,406		0.0	%		0.0	%
-100		219,868		-0.2	%		25.0	%
-200		226,004		2.5	%		35.0	%
-300		258,154		17.1	%		45.0	%
-400		292,212		32.6	%		50.0	%

December 31, 2015 Data
(In Thousands)			Period Ending December 31, 2016

Basis Point	Interest		Interest		Net Interest		NII			NII
Change in Rates	Income		Expense		Income (NII)		% Change			Risk Limit
+400	$	52,181	$	21,985	$	30,196		-20.8	%		25.0	%
+300		49,687		17,282		32,405		-15.0	%		20.0	%
+200		47,136		12,659		34,477		-9.6	%		15.0	%
+100		44,546		8,109		36,437		-4.4	%		10.0	%
0		41,835		3,715		38,120		0.0	%		0.0	%
-100		39,116		3,171		35,945		-5.7	%		10.0	%
-200		37,417		3,168		34,249		-10.2	%		15.0	%
-300		36,838		3,168		33,670		-11.7	%		20.0	%
-400		36,689		3,168		33,521		-12.1	%		25.0	%

	Market Value of Portfolio Equity at December 31, 2016

	Present		Present			Present
Basis Point	Value		Value			Value
Change in Rates	Equity		% Change			Risk Limit
+400	$	167,741		-24.4	%		50.0	%
+300		179,772		-18.9	%		45.0	%
+200		193,823		-12.6	%		35.0	%
+100		207,803		-6.3	%		25.0	%
0		221,750		0.0	%		0.0	%
-100		223,517		0.8	%		25.0	%
-200		225,185		1.5	%		35.0	%
-300		250,353		12.9	%		45.0	%
-400		286,210		29.1	%		50.0	%

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

EQUITY SECURITIES RISK

The Corporation’s equity securities portfolio consists of investments in stocks of banks and bank holding companies. Investments in bank stocks are subject to risk factors that affect the banking industry in general, including credit risk, competition from non-bank entities, interest rate risk and other factors, which could result in a decline in market prices. Also, losses could occur in individual stocks held by the Corporation because of specific circumstances related to each bank.

Equity securities held as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are presented in Table XII. Table XII presents quantitative data concerning the effects of a decline in fair value of the Corporation’s equity securities of 10% or 20%. The data in Table XII does not reflect the effects of any appreciation in value that may occur, nor does it present the Corporation’s maximum exposure to loss on equity securities, which would be 100% of their fair value as of March 31, 2016.

TABLE XII - EQUITY SECURITIES RISK

(In Thousands)

	March 31,			Dec. 31,
	2016			2015
Cost	$	1,253		$	1,680
Fair Value		1,736			2,386
Hypothetical 10% Decline In Market Value		(174	)		(239	)
Hypothetical 20% Decline In Market Value		(347	)		(477	)

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Corporation’s management, under the supervision of and with the participation of the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has carried out an evaluation of the design and effectiveness of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that all material information required to be disclosed in reports the Corporation files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.

There were no significant changes in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

The Corporation and C&N Bank are involved in various legal proceedings incidental to their business. Management believes the aggregate liability, if any, resulting from such pending and threatened legal proceedings will not have a material, adverse effect on the Corporation’s financial condition or results of operations.

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A of the Corporation’s Form 10-K filed February 18, 2016.

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Effective July 17, 2014, the Corporation terminated its existing treasury stock repurchase programs and approved a new treasury stock repurchase program. Under the new program, the Corporation is authorized to repurchase up to 622,500 shares of the Corporation’s common stock, or approximately 5% of the Corporation’s issued and outstanding shares at July 16, 2014. As permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements and subject to market conditions and other factors, purchases under the new program may be made from time to time in the open market at prevailing prices, or through privately negotiated transactions.

Consistent with previous programs, the Board of Directors’ July 17, 2014 authorization provides that: (1) the new treasury stock repurchase program shall be effective when publicly announced and shall continue thereafter until suspended or terminated by the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion; and (2) all shares of common stock repurchased pursuant to the new program shall be held as treasury shares and be available for use and reissuance for purposes as and when determined by the Board of Directors including, without limitation, pursuant to the Corporation’s Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan and its equity compensation program.

The following table sets forth a summary of the purchases by the Corporation, on the open market, of its equity securities during the first quarter 2016:

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
January 1 - 31, 2016		35,300	$	19.83		470,500		152,000
February 1 - 29, 2016		75,550	$	19.86		546,050		76,450
March 1 - 31, 2016		43,500	$	19.98		589,550		32,950

Through March 31, 2016, 589,550 shares had been repurchased for a total cost of $11,870,000. In April 2016, the Corporation repurchased the remainder of the shares authorized under the program. In total, 622,500 shares were repurchased for a total cost of $12,140,000, at an average price of $19.50 per share.

Effective April 21, 2016, the Corporation’s Board of Directors approved a new treasury stock repurchase program. Under the newly approved stock repurchase program, the Corporation is authorized to repurchase up to 600,000 shares of the Corporation's common stock or slightly less than 5% of the Corporation's issued and outstanding shares at April 19, 2016. Consistent with the previous program, the Board of Directors’ April 21, 2016 authorization provides that: (1) the new treasury stock repurchase program shall be effective when publicly announced and shall continue thereafter until suspended or terminated by the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion; and (2) all shares of common stock repurchased pursuant to the new program shall be held as treasury shares and be available for use and reissuance for purposes as and when determined by the Board of Directors including, without limitation, pursuant to the Corporation’s Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan and its equity compensation program.

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

Item 5.

Other Information

None

Item 6.

Exhibits

2. Plan of acquisition, reorganization, arrangement, liquidation or succession		Not applicable

3. (i) Articles of Incorporation		Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Corporation's Form 8-K filed September 21, 2009

3. (ii) By-laws		Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Corporation's Form 8-K filed April 19, 2013

4. Instruments defining the rights of Security holders, including indentures		Not applicable

10. Material contracts		Not applicable

11. Statement re: computation of per share earnings		Information concerning the computation of earnings per share is provided in Note 2 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements, which is included in Part I, Item 1 of Form 10-Q

15. Letter re: unaudited interim information		Not applicable

18. Letter re: change in accounting principles		Not applicable

19. Report furnished to security holders		Not applicable

22. Published report regarding matters submitted to vote of security holders		Not applicable

23. Consents of experts and counsel		Not applicable

24. Power of attorney		Not applicable

31. Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) certifications:
31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer		Filed herewith
31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer		Filed herewith

32. Section 1350 certifications		Filed herewith

99. Additional exhibits		Not applicable

100. XBRL-related documents		Not applicable

101. Interactive data file		Filed herewith

CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION – FORM 10-Q

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	CITIZENS & NORTHERN CORPORATION

May 5, 2016	By:	/s/ J. Bradley Scovill
Date	President and Chief Executive Officer

May 5, 2016	By:	/s/ Mark A. Hughes
Date	Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer

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