Attached files

file filename
EX-32.1 - EXHIBIT 32.1 - VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.ex32-1.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.ex31-1.htm
EX-32.2 - EXHIBIT 32.2 - VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.ex32-2.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.ex31-2.htm

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2015

 

OR

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from ______________ to _______________

 

Commission File Number 1-11388

 

VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Yukon Territory, Canada

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

  

04-3153858

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

150 Commercial Street

Sunnyvale, California 94086

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

 

(408) 530-1900

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period than the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer,” and “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer ☐

  

Accelerated filer ☐

  

  

  

Non-accelerated filer ☐

  

Smaller reporting company ☒

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

  

  

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐  No ☒

 

As of August 14, 2015 the issuer had 51,345,640 shares of common stock, no par value, outstanding.

 

 
 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Note About Forward-Looking Statements  
     

PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION  

Page

No.

  

  

  

Item 1.

Financial Statements

3

  

  

 

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

18

  

  

  

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

27

  

  

  

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

27

  

  

  

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

  

  

  

28

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

  

  

  

28

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

  

  

  

  

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

44

  

  

  

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

45

  

  

  

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

45

  

  

  

Item 5.

Other Information

45

  

  

  

Item 6.

Exhibits

46

  

  

  

SIGNATURES

47

 

 
 

 

 

 NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

 

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Quarterly Report”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this Quarterly Report other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, our business strategy and plans, and our objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words "believe," "may," "will," "estimate," "continue," "anticipate," "intend," "expect," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described in Part II, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Quarterly Report may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

 

We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.

 

Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms "Viveve Medical," the "Company," "we," "us," and "our" in this document refer to Viveve Medical, Inc., a Yukon Territory corporation, and, where appropriate, its wholly owned subsidiaries.

 

 
 

 

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1.     Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.        

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS        

(in thousands, except share data)

 

   

June 30,

   

December 31,

 
   

2015

   

2014

 

 

 

(unaudited)

      (1)  
ASSETS              

Current assets:

               

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 8,362     $ 895  

Accounts receivable

    -       6  

Inventory

    337       131  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

    1,729       923  

Total current assets

    10,428       1,955  

Property and equipment, net

    172       187  

Other assets

    153       156  

Total assets

  $ 10,753     $ 2,298  

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)

               

Current liabilities:

               

Accounts payable

  $ 612     $ 416  

Accrued liabilities

    992       223  

Note payable

    4,000       2,500  

Total liabilities

    5,604       3,139  

Commitments and contingences (Note 6)

               

Stockholders’ equity (deficit):

               

Preferred stock, no par value; unlimited shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014

    -       -  

Common stock and paid-in capital, no par value; unlimited shares authorized as of June 30, 2015 and December 31 2014; 51,339,764 and 18,341,294 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively

    46,764       35,244  

Accumulated deficit

    (41,615 )     (36,085 )

Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

    5,149       (841 )

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)

  $ 10,753     $ 2,298  

 

 

(1) The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2014 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date.

 

  The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 

 

 
3

 

 

VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.                

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS                

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

   

Three Months Ended

   

Six Months Ended

 
   

June 30,

   

June 30,

 
   

2015

   

2014

   

2015

   

2014

 
                                 

Revenue

  $ 73     $ -     $ 111     $ 47  

Cost of revenue

    53       3       103       25  

Gross profit (loss)

    20       (3 )     8       22  
                                 

Operating expenses:

                               

Research and development

    1,086       194       1,931       368  

Selling, general and administrative

    1,821       779       3,398       1,295  

Total operating expenses

    2,907       973       5,329       1,663  

Loss from operations

    (2,887 )     (976 )     (5,321 )     (1,641 )

Interest expense

    (105 )     (176 )     (188 )     (334 )

Other income (expense), net

    (14 )     21       (21 )     42  

Net loss

  $ (3,006 )   $ (1,131 )   $ (5,530 )   $ (1,933 )
                                 

Net loss per share:

                               

Basic and diluted

  $ (0.08 )   $ (21.43 )   $ (0.20 )   $ (36.63 )
                                 

Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per common share

                               

Basic and diluted

    35,440,988       52,768       26,985,096       52,768  

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 
4

 

 

VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.        

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS        

(in thousands)

 

 

   

Six Months Ended

 
   

June 30,

 
   

2015

   

2014

 
                 

Cash flows from operating activities:

               

Net loss

  $ (5,530 )   $ (1,933 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

               

Depreciation and amortization

    36       29  

Stock-based compensation

    90       30  

Fair value of warrants issued to employees for bonuses

    244       -  

Fair value of warrants issued to service providers

    136       -  

Revaluation of fair value of warrant liability

    -       (43 )

Non-cash interest expense

    102       264  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

               

Accounts receivable

    6       -  

Inventory

    (226 )     40  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

    (898 )     (15 )

Other noncurrent assets

    3       14  

Accounts payable

    196       237  

Accrued liabilities

    769       22  

Net cash used in operating activities

    (5,072 )     (1,355 )
                 

Cash flows from investing activities:

               

Purchase of property and equipment

    (1 )     (106 )

Net cash used in investing activities

    (1 )     (106 )
                 

Cash flows from financing activities:

               

Net cash proceeds from issuance of common stock in connection with private placement offering

    11,040       -  

Proceeds from note payable

    1,500       -  

Proceeds from related party convertible bridge notes

    -       1,250  

Net cash provided by financing activities

    12,540       1,250  

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

    7,467       (211 )
                 

Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period

    895       430  

Cash and cash equivalents - end of period

  $ 8,362     $ 219  
                 

Supplemental disclosure:

               

Cash paid for interest

  $ 85     $ 70  

Cash paid for income taxes

  $ 1     $ 1  
                 
                 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information as of end of period:

               

Transfer of equipment between inventory and property and equipment

  $ 20     $ -  

Issuance of warrant in connection with note payable

  $ 10     $ -  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 
5

 

 

VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

1.        The Company and Basis of Presentation

 

On September 23, 2014, Viveve Medical, Inc. (formerly PLC Systems Inc.), a Yukon Territory corporation (“Viveve Medical”, the “Company”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) completed a reverse acquisition and recapitalization pursuant to the terms and conditions of an Agreement and Plan of Merger (“Merger Agreement”) by and among the Company, Viveve®, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Viveve”) and PLC Systems Acquisition Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”). As of that date, Viveve operates as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and the Company changed its name from PLC Systems Inc. to Viveve Medical, Inc. Viveve Medical competes in the women’s health market with a focus on the Viveve System™ to improve women’s overall sexual well-being and quality of life, retained all its personnel and continues to be headquartered in Sunnyvale, California.

 

At the effective time of the Merger, the Company divested the ownership of its former operating subsidiaries, PLC Medical Systems, Inc. and PLC Systemas Medicos Internacionais, which, following the Merger, operate as independent entities under new ownership.

 

In connection with the Merger, certain outstanding convertible bridge notes in the aggregate principal amount of $4,875,000 and related accrued interest of approximately $522,000 were extinguished.  

 

Additionally, warrant liabilities of Viveve for approximately $572,000 were extinguished in connection with the Merger.

 

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, all shares of capital stock (including common and preferred stock) of Viveve owned by accredited investors were converted into 3,743,282 shares of the Company's common stock which represented approximately 62% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company on a fully diluted basis. In addition, non-accredited investors of Viveve were entitled to receive approximately $16,000 in exchange for the shares of common stock of Viveve owned by such holders upon closing. Upon the closing of the Merger, an additional 943,596 shares of the Company’s common stock were issued upon the automatic conversion of a warrant issued in exchange for the cancellation of related party convertible bridge notes.

 

The acquisition was accounted for as a reverse merger and recapitalization effected by a share exchange. Viveve is considered the acquirer for accounting and financial reporting purposes. The assets and liabilities of the acquired entity have been brought forward at their book value and no goodwill has been recognized. 

 

Concurrent with the Merger, Viveve Medical completed a private placement for total gross proceeds of approximately $6 million (including the conversion of approximately $1.5 million in outstanding convertible bridge notes) (the “September 2014 Offering”). As a result, Viveve Medical issued 11,305,567 shares of common stock (which excludes an additional 101,365 shares of common stock which were not issued as a result of beneficial ownership limitations) and 5-year warrants to purchase up to 940,189 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.53 per share.

 

On May 14, 2015, in connection with the closing of a private placement (the “May 2015 Offering”), Viveve Medical issued an aggregate of 32,432,432 shares of common stock at $0.37 per share for gross proceeds of approximately $12,000,000 in accordance with the terms and conditions of those certain Securities Purchase Agreements by and between the Company and certain accredited investors. The net proceeds to the Company after the deduction of placement agent commissions and other expenses were approximately $11,040,000.

  

Interim Unaudited Financial Information

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Viveve Medical have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements have been included.

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2015. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2015 or any future interim period.

 

 
6

 

 

2.         Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Financial Statement Presentation

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Viveve and Viveve BV (which was established in January 2015). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. In addition, any change in these estimates or their related assumptions could have an adverse effect on our operating results.

  

Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

 

To achieve profitable operations, the Company must successfully develop, manufacture, and market its products. There can be no assurance that any such products can be developed or manufactured at an acceptable cost and with appropriate performance characteristics, or that such products will be successfully marketed. These factors could have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s financial results, financial position, and future cash flows.

 

The Company’s products may require approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or other international regulatory agencies prior to commencing commercial sales. There can be no assurance that the Company’s products will receive any of these required approvals. If the Company was denied such approvals or such approvals were delayed, it would have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial results, financial position and future cash flows.

 

The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the medical device industry including, but not limited to, new technological innovations, dependence on key personnel, protection of proprietary technology, compliance with government regulations, uncertainty of market acceptance of products, product liability, and the need to obtain additional financing. The Company’s ultimate success is dependent upon its ability to raise additional capital and to successfully develop and market its products.

 

The Company outsources the manufacture and repair of the Viveve System to a single contract manufacturer. Also, certain other components and materials that comprise the Viveve System are currently manufactured by a single supplier or a limited number of suppliers. A significant supply interruption or disruption in the operations of the contract manufacturer or these third-party suppliers would adversely impact the production of our products for a substantial period of time, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2015, five customers accounted for 97% of the Company’s revenue. During the six months ended June 30, 2015, four customers accounted for 90% of the Company’s revenue. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, three customers accounted for 100% of the Company’s revenue.

  

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of its products, the Viveve® System, single-use treatment tips and ancillary consumables. Revenue is recognized upon delivery, provided that persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. Sales of our products are subject to regulatory requirements that vary from country to country. The Company has regulatory clearance outside the U.S. and currently sells the Viveve System in Canada, Hong Kong, Japan, Europe, Middle East and Southeast Asia.

 

The Company does not provide its customers with a contractual right of return.

 

Product Warranty

 

The Company’s products are generally subject to a one year warranty, which provides for the repair, rework or replacement of products (at its option) that fail to perform within stated specification. The Company has assessed the historical claims and, to date, product warranty claims have not been significant. The Company will continue to assess the need to record a warranty accrual at the time of sale going forward.

 

 
7

 

 

Comprehensive Loss

 

Comprehensive loss represents the changes in equity of an enterprise, other than those resulting from stockholder transactions. Accordingly, comprehensive loss may include certain changes in equity that are excluded from net loss. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, the Company’s comprehensive loss is the same as its net loss. 

  

Net Loss per Share

 

The Company’s basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. The diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. For purposes of this calculation, convertible preferred stock, warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock and common stock, stock options and rights to common stock are considered common stock equivalents. For periods in which the Company has reported net losses, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share, since dilutive common shares are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive. Potential common shares will always be anti-dilutive for periods in which the Company has reported a net loss.

 

The following securities were excluded from the calculation of net loss per share because the inclusion would be anti-dilutive. 

 

   

June 30,

 
   

2015

   

2014

 

Convertible preferred stock

    -       195,062,650  

Warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock

    -       16,680,324  

Stock options to purchase common stock

    3,005,783       339,742  

Warrants to purchase common stock

    2,864,823       -  

 

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Standards

 

In May 2014, as part of its ongoing efforts to assist in the convergence of US GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” The new guidance sets forth a new five-step revenue recognition model which replaces the prior revenue recognition guidance in its entirety and is intended to eliminate numerous industry-specific pieces of revenue recognition guidance that have historically existed in U.S. GAAP. The underlying principle of the new standard is that a business or other organization will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects what it expects in exchange for the goods or services. The standard also requires more detailed disclosures and provides additional guidance for transactions that were not addressed completely in the prior accounting guidance. The ASU provides alternative methods of initial adoption and is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We are currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-12, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could be Achieved After a Requisite Service Period” (“ASU 2014-12”). Companies commonly issue share-based payment awards that require a specific performance target to be achieved in order for employees to become eligible to vest in the awards. ASU 2014-12 requires that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period should be treated as a performance condition. The performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant date fair value of the award. Compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved. ASU 2014-12 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal years beginning fiscal 2016 and interim reporting periods within that year, using either the retrospective or prospective transition method. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

   

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern (Subtopic 310-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern” (“ASU 2014-15”), to provide guidance on management’s responsibility in evaluating whether there is substantial doubt about a company’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. ASU 2014-15 is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. We are currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

 

 
8

 

 

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, (“ASU 2015-03”). ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. ASU 2015-03 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2016 and subsequent interim periods, with earlier adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 3.        Fair Value Measurements

 

The Company recognizes and discloses the fair value of its assets and liabilities using a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to valuations based upon unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to valuations based upon unobservable inputs that are significant to the valuation (Level 3 measurements). Each level of input has different levels of subjectivity and difficulty involved in determining fair value.

  

 

Level 1

Inputs used to measure fair value are unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for the identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Therefore, determining fair value for Level 1 investments generally does not require significant judgment, and the estimation is not difficult.

 

 

Level 2

Pricing is provided by third party sources of market information obtained through investment advisors. The Company does not adjust for or apply any additional assumptions or estimates to the pricing information received from its advisors.

 

 

Level 3

Inputs used to measure fair value are unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and reflect the use of significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using pricing models for which the assumptions utilize management’s estimates of market participant assumptions. The determination of fair value for Level 3 instruments involves the most management judgment and subjectivity.

 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability.

 

There were no financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

 

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. Based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for loans with similar terms, the carrying value of the note payable approximates fair value.

 

4.         Accrued Liabilities

 

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 (in thousands):

 

   

June 30,

   

December 31,

 
   

2015

   

2014

 
                 

Accrued clinical trial costs

  $ 323     $ -  

Accrued professional fees

    242       117  

Accrued bonuses

    169       -  

Customer advance payments

    108       -  

Accrued vacation

    95       86  

Other accruals

    55       20  

Total accrued liabilities

  $ 992     $ 223  

 

 
9

 

  

 5.       Note Payable

  

 On September 30, 2014, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement, as amended on February 19, 2015 and May 14, 2015 (collectively, the “Loan Agreement”), pursuant to which we received a term loan in the amount of $5 million, funded in 3 tranches. The first tranche of $2.5 million was provided to us on October 1, 2014. The proceeds from the first tranche were used to repay the existing loan with a financial institution which totaled approximately $1,631,000 and the balance was used for general working capital purposes and capital expenditures. The first tranche borrowing is repayable in interest only payments until November 1, 2015 and then 30 equal installments of principal and interest at a rate of 5.25% per annum. The second tranche of the term loan is equal to $1.5 million, of which $500,000 was provided to us on each of February 19, 2015, March 16, 2015 and April 6, 2015. The second tranche borrowings in February, March and April 2015 are repayable in interest only payments until March 1, 2016 and then 30 equal installments of principal and interest at a rate of 5.00%, 5.06% and 5.00% per annum, respectively. The Company may receive up to $1 million in connection with the third tranche at any time during the period in which it has provided evidence to the lender of positive 3-month interim results with respect to the Company’s randomized, blinded and sham-controlled clinical trial in Europe and Canada (the “OUS Clinical Trial”) until July 15, 2015. (See Note 11.) Interest accrues on each third tranche advance at a fixed per annum rate, as defined in the Loan Agreement, not in any case less than 6.5% per annum. Each third tranche advance is due to be repaid 42 months after the date of the advance. Interest only is due and payable monthly during the first 12 months of the loan term and then 30 equal monthly installments of principal and interest. The proceeds from the second and third tranches will be used for general working capital purposes and capital expenditures. As of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the note payable had an outstanding balance of $4 million and $2.5 million, respectively, which is recorded as a current liability on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. All borrowings under the Loan Agreement are collateralized by substantially all of the Company’s assets, including intellectual property.

 

The Loan Agreement also requires that the Company comply with certain financial covenants and milestones in connection with the OUS Clinical Trial, including, but not limited to, (a) full enrollment as of March 31, 2015, (b) positive 3-month interim data as of July 10, 2015, and (c) positive results from the trial as of January 31, 2016. Full enrollment of the OUS Clinical Trial was achieved prior to March 31, 2015. As of June 30, 2015, the Company was in compliance with all covenants of the Loan Agreement.

 

In connection with the Loan Agreement, the Company issued a 10-year warrant to the lender for the purchase of 471,698 shares of the Company’s common stock at $0.53 per share. In connection with the first loan amendment in February 2015, the Company also amended the terms of the warrant issued to the lender to provide for an automatic increase of the number of shares the lender may acquire in the event the Company fails to meet certain covenants. In connection with the second loan amendment in May 2015, the Company issued a second 10-year warrant to the lender to purchase a total of 25,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.37 per share. (See Note 7.)

 

The Loan Agreement with the financial institution contains a material adverse change clause, as defined in the agreement, which would result in an event of default if the lender deems a material adverse change to have occurred to the Company’s business. The continuing liquidity issues the Company faces could be construed by the note holder as a material adverse change which could trigger an acceleration of all of the outstanding debt. As such, the Company has classified all of its outstanding debt balance as a current liability as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

 

As of June 30, 2015, future minimum payments under the note payable are as follows (in thousands):

 

Year Ending December 31,

       

2015 (remaining 6 months)

  $ 268  

2016

    1,662  

2017

    1,681  

2018

    745  

Total payments

    4,356  

Less: Amount representing interest

    (356 )

Present value of obligations

    4,000  

Less: Notes payable, current portion

    4,000  

Note payable, noncurrent portion

  $ -  

 
10

 

  

6.         Commitments and Contingencies

 

Operating Lease

 

In January 2012, the Company entered into a lease agreement for office and laboratory facilities. The lease agreement, as amended in January 2015, commenced in March 2012 and will terminate in March 2017. Rent expense for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 was $55,000 and $43,000, respectively. Rent expense for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 was $101,000 and $86,000, respectively.

 

As of June 30, 2015, future minimum payments under the lease are as follows (in thousands):

 

Year Ending December 31,

       

2015 (remaining 6 months)

  $ 112  

2016

    229  

2017

    58  

Total minimum lease payments

  $ 399  

 

Indemnification Agreements

 

The Company enters into standard indemnification arrangements in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these arrangements, the Company indemnifies, holds harmless and agrees to reimburse the indemnified parties for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, in connection with performance of services within the scope of the agreement, breach of the agreement by the Company, or noncompliance of regulations or laws by the Company, in all cases provided the indemnified party has not breached the agreement and/or the loss is not attributable to the indemnified party’s negligence or willful malfeasance. The term of these indemnification agreements is generally perpetual any time after the execution of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these arrangements is not determinable. The Company has never incurred costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. As a result, the Company believes the estimated fair value of these agreements is minimal.

 

Loss Contingencies

 

The Company is or has been subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company evaluates contingent liabilities, including threatened or pending litigation, for potential losses. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceedings in considered probable and the amount can be estimated, the Company accrues a liability for the estimated loss. Because of uncertainties related to these matters, accruals are based upon the best information available. For potential losses for which there is a reasonable possibility (meaning the likelihood is more than remote but less than probable) that a loss exists, the Company will disclose an estimate of the potential loss or range of such potential loss or include a statement that an estimate of the potential loss cannot be made. As additional information becomes available, the Company reassesses the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation and may revise its estimates, which could materially impact its condensed consolidated financial statements.  

 

7.        Common Stock

 

In conjunction with the September 2014 Offering, the Company entered into a Right to Shares Agreement with certain investors. Pursuant to this agreement, 854,989 shares of common stock purchased by the investors in the September 2014 Offering were cancelled. The Company is obligated to issue, and the investors have the right to receive up to 956,354 shares of the Company’s common stock, which includes 101,365 shares that were not issued in the September 2014 Offering due to beneficial ownership limitations. No additional consideration will be paid upon the issuance of the shares and the subscription amount has been paid in full by the investors and is non-refundable. The Company is obligated to deliver the shares to the investors within 3 days of the investors’ request for the share issuance. If the Company fails to deliver the shares within 3 days of the request, under certain circumstances defined in the Right to Shares Agreement, the Company may be obligated to reimburse the investors in cash for losses that the investors incur as a result of not having access to the shares (the “Buy-In Shares”). In December 2014, certain investors exercised their right to such shares and the Company issued 390,316 shares of common stock. In June 2015, certain investors exercised their right to such shares and the Company issued 566,038 shares of common stock. As of June 30, 2015, there were no additional shares issuable or reserved pursuant to the Rights to Shares Agreement.

 

 
11

 

 

The Company assessed the provisions of the Buy-In Share feature of the Right to Shares Agreements as an embedded derivative and has concluded that the feature meets the definition of a derivative and is not clearly and closely related to the Rights to Shares equity host agreement. The Buy-In Shares feature has been bifurcated from the Rights to Shares agreement and accounted for separately. The value of this feature was nominal as of the issuance date, December 31, 2014 and June 30, 2015.  

 

On May 14, 2015, in connection with the closing of the May 2015 Offering, we issued an aggregate of 32,432,432 shares of common stock at $0.37 per share for gross proceeds of approximately $12,000,000 in accordance with the terms and conditions of those certain Securities Purchase Agreements by and between the Company and certain accredited investors. The net proceeds to the Company after the deduction of placement agent commissions and other expenses were approximately $11,040,000.

 

Warrants for Common Stock

 

As of June 30, 2015, outstanding warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2,864,823 shares of common stock were as follows:

 

                   

Number of

 
                   

Shares

 
                   

Outstanding

 
   

Exercisable

 

Expiration

 

Exercise

   

Under

 

Issuance Date

 

for

 

Date

 

Price

   

Warrants

 
                         

September 2014

 

Common Shares

 

September 23, 2019

  $ 0.53       940,189  

September 2014

 

Common Shares

 

September 30, 2024

  $ 0.53       471,698  

October 2014

 

Common Shares

 

October 13, 2019

  $ 0.53       237,000  

October 2014

 

Common Shares

 

October 31, 2019

  $ 0.53       11,250  

November 2014

 

Common Shares

 

November 19, 2019

  $ 0.53       100,000  

February 2015

 

Common Shares

 

February 17, 2025

  $ 0.50       605,556  

March 2015

 

Common Shares

 

March 26, 2025

  $ 0.34       11,628  

May 2015

 

Common Shares

 

May 12, 2025

  $ 0.53       289,827  

May 2015

 

Common Shares

 

May 14, 2025

  $ 0.37       25,000  

May 2015

 

Common Shares

 

May 17, 2020

  $ 0.53       172,675  
                      2,864,823  

 

In connection with the September 2014 Offering, the Company issued warrants to purchase a total of 940,189 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.53 per share. The warrants have a contractual life of five years and are exercisable immediately in whole or in part, on or before five years from the issuance date.

 

In connection with the Loan Agreement entered into on September 30, 2014, the Company issued a warrant to purchase a total of 471,698 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.53 per share. The warrant has a contractual life of ten years and is exercisable immediately in whole or in part, on or before ten years from the issuance date. The Company determined the fair value of the warrant on the date of issuance to be $622,000 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used were dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 77%, risk free interest rate of 2.5% and a contractual life of ten years. The warrant will expire on September 30, 2024. The fair value of the warrant was recorded as debt issuance costs, included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets and will be amortized to interest expense over the loan term. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, the Company recorded $47,000 and $94,000, respectively, of interest expense relating to the debt issuance costs. As of June 30, 2015, the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs were $479,000.

 

In connection with the first loan amendment in February 2015, the Company also amended the terms of the warrant issued to the lender to provide for an automatic increase of the number of shares the lender may acquire in the event the Company fails to meet certain covenants to achieve certain OUS Clinical Trial milestones or capital raising requirements as set forth in the Loan Agreement, as amended, by a number equal to the quotient derived by dividing (i) 1% of the principal balance outstanding under the Loan Agreement by (ii) the exercise price of $0.53 per share. 

 

In October and November of 2014, the Company issued common stock warrants to various vendors and nonemployee contractors to purchase a total of 382,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.53 per share. The warrants have a contractual life of five years and are exercisable in whole or in part, either immediately upon grant or in some cases upon achieving certain milestones or vesting terms. The Company determined the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used were dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 61.3%, risk free interest rate of 1.55% to 1.65% and a contractual life of five years. The fair values of the warrants were recorded as professional consulting fees or clinical costs, which are included in selling, general and administrative and research and development expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2014, depending on the nature of the services provided. Stock-based compensation expense related to these warrants is recognized as the warrants are earned and was $6,000 and $13,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively. A total of 33,750 shares issuable pursuant to these warrants were cancelled in May 2015 as the milestones related to these shares were not achieved.

 

 
12

 

 

In February 2015, the Company issued common stock warrants to employees for performance bonuses to purchase a total of 605,556 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.50 per share. The warrants have a contractual life of ten years and are exercisable immediately in whole or in part, on or before ten years from the issuance date. The Company determined the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used were dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 77.6%, risk free interest rate of 2.14% and a contractual life of ten years. The fair values of the warrants were recorded in selling, general and administrative and research and development expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015, depending on the department classification of the employee. The Company recorded zero and $244,000 of stock-based compensation expense related to these warrants in the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.

 

In March 2015, the Company issued a common stock warrant to a nonemployee contractor to purchase a total of 11,628 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.34 per share. The warrant has a contractual life of ten years and is exercisable immediately in whole or in part, on or before ten years from the issuance date. The Company determined the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used were dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 78.9%, risk free interest rate of 1.94% and a contractual life of ten years. The fair value of the warrant was recorded as professional consulting fees, which are included in selling, general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The Company recorded zero and $3,000 of stock-based compensation expense related to these warrants in the three and six months ended June 30, 2015.

 

In May 2015, the Company issued common stock warrants to nonemployee contractors to purchase a total of 289,827 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.53 per share. The warrants have a contractual life of ten years and are exercisable immediately in whole or in part, on or before ten years from the issuance date. The Company determined the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used were dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 80.1%, risk free interest rate of 2.28% and a contractual life of ten years. The fair value of the warrants were recorded as professional consulting fees, which are included in selling, general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015. Stock-based compensation expense related to these warrants was $73,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015.

 

In conjunction with the second loan amendment in May 2015, the Company issued a warrant to the lender to purchase a total of 25,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.37 per share. The warrant has a contractual life of ten years and is exercisable immediately in whole or in part, on or before ten years from the issuance date. The Company determined the fair value of the warrant on the date of issuance to be $10,000 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used were dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 80.1%, risk free interest rate of 2.23% and a contractual life of ten years. The fair value of the warrant was recorded as debt issuance costs, included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and will be amortized to interest expense over the period from the date of issuance to the end of the extended period to draw down the additional funds in connection with the third tranche or July 15, 2015. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, the Company recorded $8,000 of interest expense relating to the debt issuance costs. As of June 30, 2015, the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs were $2,000.

 

In May 2015, the Company issued a common stock warrant to a nonemployee contractor to purchase a total of 172,675 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.53 per share. The warrant has a contractual life of five years and is exercisable immediately in whole or in part, on or before five years from the issuance date. The Company determined the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used were dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 64.4%, risk free interest rate of 1.54% and a contractual life of five years. The fair value of the warrant was recorded as professional consulting fees, which are included in selling, general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2015. Stock-based compensation expense related to these warrants was $38,000 and $47,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.

 

 
13

 

 

8.       Summary of Stock Options

 

Stock Option Plans

 

The Company has issued equity awards in the form of stock options from three employee benefit plans. The plans include the Company’s 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2005 Plan”), the Viveve Amended and Restated 2006 Stock Plan (the “2006 Plan”) and the Company’s 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended (the “2013 Plan”).

 

The 2005 Plan was adopted by the Company’s board of directors and approved by its stockholders. As of June 30, 2015, 22,095 shares of common stock remain reserved for issuance under the 2005 Plan. The Company does not intend to grant further awards from the 2005 Plan, however, it will continue to administer the 2005 Plan until all outstanding awards are exercised, expire, terminate or are forfeited. There are currently outstanding stock option awards issued from the 2005 Plan covering a total of 22,095 shares of the Company’s common stock. The weighted average exercise price of the outstanding stock options is $12.83 per share and the weighted average remaining contractual term is 1.86 years.

  

The 2006 Plan was adopted by the board of directors of Viveve and was terminated in conjunction with the Merger. Prior to the Merger, the board of directors voted to accelerate the vesting of all unvested options that were outstanding as of the date of the Merger such that all options would be immediately vested and exercisable by the holders. At the Merger, the Company agreed to assume and administer the 2006 Plan and all outstanding options to purchase shares of Viveve, Inc. common stock issued from the 2006 Plan were converted into options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock (rounded down to the nearest whole share). The number of shares of the Company’s common stock into which the 2006 Plan options were converted was determined by multiplying the number of shares covered by each 2006 Plan option by the exchange ratio of 0.0080497. The exercise price of each 2006 Plan option was determined by dividing the exercise price of each 2006 Plan option immediately prior to the Merger by the exchange ratio of 0.0080497 (rounded up to the nearest cent). There are currently outstanding stock option awards issued from the 2006 Plan covering a total of 322,069 shares of the Company’s common stock and no shares available for future awards. The weighted average exercise price of the outstanding stock options is $1.54 per share and the weighted average remaining contractual term is 7.32 years.

  

The 2013 Plan was also adopted by the Company’s board of directors and approved by its stockholders. The 2013 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s board of directors (the “Administrator”). Under the 2013 Plan, the Company may grant to eligible participants equity awards which may take the form of stock options (both incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options), stock appreciation rights, restricted, deferred or unrestricted stock awards, performance based awards or dividend equivalent rights. Awards may be granted to officers, employees, nonemployee Directors (as defined in the 2013 Plan) and other key persons (including consultants and prospective employees). The term of any stock option award may not exceed 10 years and may be subject to vesting conditions, as determined by the Administrator. Options granted generally vest over four years. Incentive stock options may be granted only to employees of the Company or any subsidiary that is a “subsidiary corporation” within the meaning of Section 424(f) of the Internal Revenue Code. The exercise price of any stock option award cannot be less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock, provided, however, that an incentive stock option granted to an employee who owns more than 10% of the Company’s outstanding voting power must have an exercise price of no less than 110% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock and a term that does not exceed five years. As of June 30, 2015, there are outstanding stock option awards issued from the 2013 Plan covering a total of 2,661,619 shares of the Company’s common stock and there remain reserved for future awards 127,739 shares of the Company’s common stock. The weighted average exercise price of the outstanding stock options is $0.70 per share, and the remaining contractual term is 9.24 years.

 

Activity under the 2005 Plan, the 2006 Plan and the 2013 Plan is as follows:

 

   

Six Months Ended June 30, 2015

 
                   

Weighted

         
           

Weighted

   

Average

   

Aggregate

 
   

Number

   

Average

   

Remaining

   

Intrinsic

 
   

of

   

Exercise

   

Contractual

   

Value

 
   

Shares

   

Price

   

Term (years)

   

(in thousands)

 
                                 

Options outstanding, beginning of period

    2,291,783     $ 1.02       9.32     -  

Options granted

    735,000     $ 0.45                  

Options exercised

    -     $ -                  

Options canceled

    (21,000 )   $ 1.00                  

Options outstanding, end of period

    3,005,783     $ 0.88       8.98     $ 764,669  
                                 

Vested and exercisable and expected to vest, end of period

    2,784,084     $ 0.91       8.95     $  82,195  
                                 

Vested and exercisable, end of period

    718,086     $ 1.93       7.72     $ 697,679  

 

 The aggregate intrinsic value reflects the difference between the exercise price of the underlying stock options and the Company’s closing share price as of June 30, 2015.

 

 
14

 

 

 The options outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2015 are as follows (in thousands except share and per share data):

 

         

Options Outstanding

   

Options Exercisable

 
                         

Weighted

                 
         

Number

   

Weighted

   

Average

   

Number

   

Weighted

 
         

Outstanding

   

Average

   

Remaining

   

Exercisable

   

Average

 
 

Range of

   

as of

   

Exercise

   

Contractual

   

as of

   

Exercise

 
 

Exercise Prices

   

June 30, 2015

   

Price

   

Term (Years)

   

June 30, 2015

   

Price

 
                                               
    $0.33       100,000     $ 0.33       9.87       -     $ -  
    $0.46 - $0.47       635,000     $ 0.47       9.61       -     $ -  
    $0.60       1,881,476     $ 0.60       9.25       328,779     $ 0.60  
    $1.24       312,373     $ 1.24       7.40       312,373     $ 1.24  
    $7.00 - $9.00       57,603     $ 8.64       2.33       57,603     $ 8.64  
    $12.00 - $18.63       19,081     $ 15.29       2.82       19,081     $ 15.29  
    $37.00       250     $ 37.00       2.24       250     $ 37.00  
            3,005,783     $ 0.88       8.98       718,086     $ 1.93  

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2015, the Company granted stock options to employees to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock with a weighted average grant date fair value of $0.18 per share. During the six months ended June 30, 2015, the Company granted stock options to employees to purchase 735,000 shares of common stock with a weighted average grant date fair value of $0.24 per share. The Company did not grant any stock options to employees during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014. Stock-based compensation expense recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 was $48,000 and $17,000, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 was $90,000 and $30,000, respectively. As of June 30, 2015, the total unrecognized compensation cost in connection with unvested stock options was approximately $592,000. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 3.33 years.

 

The Company estimated the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of employee stock options is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards. The fair value of employee stock options granted was estimated using the following assumptions:

 

   

Three Months Ended

   

Six Months Ended

 
   

June 30, 2015

   

June 30, 2015

 
                 

Expected term (in years)

    5       5  

Average volatility

    64%       62% - 64%  

Risk-free interest rate

    1.58%       1.29% - 1.58%  

Dividend yield

    0%       0%  

 

Option-pricing models require the input of various subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The expected stock price volatility is based on analysis of the Company’s stock price history over a period commensurate with the expected term of the options, trading volume of comparable companies’ stock, look-back volatilities and Company specific events that affected volatility in a prior period. The expected term of employee stock options represents the weighted average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding and is based on the history of exercises and cancellations on all past option grants made by the Company, the contractual term, the vesting period and the expected remaining term of the outstanding options. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury interest rates whose term is consistent with the expected life of the stock options. No dividend yield is included as the Company has not issued any dividends and does not anticipate issuing any dividends in the future.

 

 
15

 

 

The following table shows stock-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):

 

   

Three Months Ended

   

Six Months Ended

 
   

June 30,

   

June 30,

 
   

2015

   

2014

   

2015

   

2014

 
                                 

Research and development

  $ 4     $ -     $ 8     $ -  

Selling, general and administrative

    44       17       82       30  

Total

  $ 48     $ 17     $ 90     $ 30  

 

9.         Income Taxes

 

Provision for Income Tax

 

The Company calculates its interim tax provision in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740-270, “Income Taxes; Interim Reporting”. For interim periods, the Company estimates its annual effective income tax rate and applies the estimated rate to the year-to-date income or loss before income taxes. The Company also computes the tax provision or benefit related to items reported separately and recognizes the items net of their related tax effect in the interim periods in which they occur. The Company also recognizes the effect of changes in enacted tax laws or rates in the interim periods in which the changes occur.

 

The Company’s effective tax rate is 0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014. The Company expects that its effective tax rate for the full year 2015 will be 0%.

 

Deferred Income Taxes

 

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between book and tax bases of recorded assets and liabilities. ASC 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had a deferred tax asset of approximately $13,900,000 which was fully offset by a valuation allowance. If realized, the asset will be reflected on the Company’s balance sheet and the reversal of the corresponding valuation allowance will result in a tax benefit being recorded in the statement of operations in the respective period. No additional deferred income tax asset has been recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2015.

 

As of December 31, 2014, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $14,487,000 and $14,475,000 available to offset future taxable income, if any, for both federal and California state income tax purposes, respectively. The Company’s federal and state net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2027 and 2017, respectively, and valuation allowances have been provided, where necessary.

 

Utilization of the net operating loss carryforward may be subject to an annual limitation due to the ownership percentage change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of the net operating loss before utilization.

 

Uncertain Tax Positions

 

The Company accounts for its uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had $97,000 of unrecognized tax benefits, none of which will affect the effective tax rate if recognized due to the valuation allowance.

 

The Company is not aware of any other uncertain tax positions that could result in significant additional payments, accruals or other material deviation in this estimate during the fiscal year.

 

The Company files US federal and state returns. All tax years remain open in the jurisdictions, none of which have individual significance.

 

The Company recognizes interest and/or penalties related to uncertain tax positions as other expense and not tax expense. The Company currently has no interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.

 

 
16

 

 

10.      Related Party Transactions

 

In June 2006, the Company entered into a Development and Manufacturing Agreement with Stellartech Research Corporation (the “Agreement”). The Agreement was amended on October 4, 2007. Under the Agreement, the Company agreed to purchase 300 generators manufactured by Stellartech. As of June 30, 2015, the Company has purchased 23 units. The price per unit is variable and dependent on the volume and timing of units ordered. In conjunction with the Agreement, Stellartech purchased 300,000 shares of Viveve’s common stock at par value (2,415 shares of the Company’s common stock post-Merger based on the exchange ratio of 0.0080497). These shares are subject to a right of repurchase by the Company, which lapse over a four-year period. As of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, none of the shares of common stock were subject to repurchase. Under the Agreement, the Company paid Stellartech $1,211,000 and $163,000 for goods and services during the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

  

11.      Subsequent Events

 

In connection with the Loan Agreement, the Company provided evidence to the lender of positive 3-month interim results with respect to the OUS Clinical Trial and on July 15, 2015 we received the final $1,000,000 drawdown of funds from the third tranche. The third tranche borrowing is repayable in interest only payments until August 1, 2016 and then 30 equal installments of principal and interest at a rate of 6.56% per annum.

 

 On July 22, 2015, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the 2013 Plan increasing the number of shares of common stock authorized for awards under the 2013 Plan from 3,111,587 shares to a total of 10,100,000 shares.

 

 
17

 

 

Item 2.     Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and with our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition to historical condensed consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, particularly in Part II, Item 1A. "Risk Factors."

 

Overview of Our Business

  

We design, develop, manufacture and market medical devices for the non-invasive treatment of vaginal introital laxity. Vaginal laxity occurs in many women as a result of natural childbirth, during which the vaginal opening, or introitus, is over-stretched and fails to return to its pre-childbirth state. Vaginal laxity can often cause decreased sexual function and satisfaction in women. The Viveve Treatment is a non-invasive solution for vaginal laxity that is performed in less than 30 minutes, in a physician’s office, and does not require the use of anesthesia. The Viveve System uses patented monopolar radiofrequency, or RF, energy to generate low temperature heat. The vaginal mucosa is simultaneously cooled while this non-ablative heat is delivered into the submucosal layer. The RF energy stimulates the formation of collagen and causes the collagen fibers to remodel thereby tightening the submucosal tissue of the vaginal introitus. The RF stimulation causes subtle alterations in the collagen that can renew the tissue and further tighten the vaginal introitus over the next one to three months following treatment (the “Viveve Treatment”) and lead to increased sexual function as shown by the results of our clinical trials. The Viveve Treatment provides patients suffering from vaginal laxity and decreased sexual function a non-invasive alternative to surgical procedures, which in contrast, can cost up to tens of thousands of dollars and involve weeks of recovery. The tissue tightening effect caused from the application of RF energy has been demonstrated by our own pre-clinical and clinical. The technology underlying the Viveve System is identical to the technology underlying the Thermage System, except for certain system modifications required for use in a different indication than that used by the Thermage System.

 

The Viveve System is currently being offered by 12 distributors for use by physicians in 32 countries throughout the world.

 

REGION

COUNTRIES

North America

Canada

Europe

Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Kazakhstan, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, The Russian Federation, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom

   

Asia Pacific

Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Brunei, Taiwan, Thailand, S. Korea

Middle East

United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Oman, Jordan, Iraq, Egypt

 

As of the date of this filing, we have sold 16 Viveve Systems and approximately 890 single-use treatment tips in countries outside of the U.S.

 

The Viveve Solution

 

We believe that the Viveve System provides a compelling, safe, non-invasive treatment for vaginal laxity and improvement of sexual function. The Viveve System consists of an RF generator with cooling capability that protects the mucosa from over-heating and a handpiece that, in conjunction with a single-use treatment tip, regulates the application of RF energy and monitors treatment data. The Viveve Treatment is typically performed in a medical office setting by, or under the supervision of, trained and qualified physicians, which may include obstetricians and gynecologists, plastic surgeons, dermatologists, general surgeons, urologists, urogynecologists or family practitioners.

 

 The Viveve System

 

        The Viveve System includes three major components: an RF generator housed in a table-top console, a reusable handpiece and a single-use treatment tip, as well as several other consumable accessories. Physicians attach the single-use treatment tip to the handpiece, which is connected to the console. The generator authenticates the treatment tip and programs the system for the desired treatment without further physician intervention.

 

 
18

 

 

           The Viveve System also includes other consumable components. The console houses a canister of coolant that can be used for approximately five to six procedures. Each procedure requires a new return pad, which is typically adhered to the patient’s upper leg to allow a path of travel for the RF current through the body and back to the generator. We also sell proprietary single-use bottles of coupling fluid, a viscous liquid that helps ensure electrical and thermal contact with the treatment tip.

 

The Viveve Treatment

 

                The Viveve Treatment is conducted on an outpatient basis in a physician’s office. The procedure typically takes less than 30 minutes and does not require any form of anesthesia. To perform the procedure, a physician attaches the single-use treatment tip to the handpiece. The return pad is then adhered to the patient’s upper leg to allow a path of travel for the RF current back to the generator. Prior to treatment, the treatment area is bathed in coupling fluid, which is used for conduction and lubrication. The area from the 1:00 o’clock position to the 11:00 o’clock position just inside the hymenal ring is treated using the Viveve Treatment Tip by delivering a three-phased pulse: Phase 1 – cooling, Phase 2 – 90 Joules/cm2 of RF energy, and Phase 3 – cooling. Each pulse lasts approximately eight seconds. The Viveve treatment tip is then repositioned in an overlapping fashion clockwise and the three-phased treatment pulse is repeated. The entire circumferential treatment area from the 1:00 o’clock position to the 11:00 o’clock position is treated five times with overlapping pulses. Treatment of the urethral area is avoided. During the treatment procedure patients are expected to feel a sensation of warmth when the RF phase is delivered and a cooling sensation when the cooling phases are delivered. Based on our current clinical results, the Viveve Treatment is only required once, with efficacy lasting for at least 12 months.

 

Reverse Acquisition and Recent Events

 

  On September 23, 2014, we completed a reverse acquisition and recapitalization pursuant to the terms and conditions of an Agreement and Plan of Merger (“Merger Agreement”) by and among PLC Systems Acquisition Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company with and into Viveve, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Merger”). In connection with the Merger, we changed our name from PLC Systems Inc. to Viveve Medical, Inc. and Viveve, Inc. is operating as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.  As a result of the reverse acquisition resulting from the Merger, Viveve, Inc. is considered the accounting acquirer in the Merger and the assets and liabilities and the historical operations that are reflected in our financial statements are those of Viveve, Inc. Therefore, the historical financial data of Viveve, Inc. is deemed to be our historical financial data.

 

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, all shares of capital stock (including common and preferred stock) of Viveve, Inc. were converted into 3,743,282 shares of the Viveve Medical, Inc.’s common stock which represented approximately 62% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company on a fully diluted basis. In addition, non-accredited investors were entitled to receive approximately $16,000 upon closing.

 

As a condition to and upon the closing of the Merger, an aggregate amount of $4,875,000 and related accrued interest of approximately $522,000 were extinguished pursuant to the terms and conditions of a Convertible Note Termination Agreement, dated May 9, 2014, by and between Viveve, Inc. and 5AM Co-Investors II, LP, a Convertible Note Termination Agreement, dated May 9, 2014 (collectively, the “5AM Note Termination Agreements”), by and between Viveve, Inc. and 5AM Ventures II, LP (together with 5AM Co-Investors II, LP, the “5AM Parties”) and a Convertible Note Exchange Agreement, dated May 9, 2014 (the “GBS Note Exchange Agreement”) by and between Viveve, Inc. and GBS Venture Partners Limited, trustee for GBS BioVentures III (“GBS”). In accordance with the terms and conditions of the 5AM Note Termination Agreements, the 5AM Parties acknowledged and agreed that the benefits received from the closing of the Merger, including the portion of the merger consideration issued to the 5AM Parties as shareholders of Viveve, Inc. in accordance with the terms of the merger agreement, was full and fair consideration to cancel or extinguish all principal and interest underlying the notes held by such holders. Pursuant to the terms of the Note Exchange Agreement, GBS agreed to cancel and extinguish all principal and interest underlying the notes held by GBS in exchange for a warrant to acquire such number of shares of common stock of the Company equal to 5% of the issued and outstanding common stock of the Company following the effective date of the Merger (the “GBS Warrant”). Upon the closing of the Merger, the Company issued an aggregate of 943,596 shares of common stock to GBS upon the automatic conversion of the warrant.

  

Upon the closing of the Merger, all rights, title or interest in outstanding warrants to purchase securities of Viveve, Inc. were also terminated, extinguishing approximately $572,000 in outstanding warrant liabilities, in accordance with the terms and conditions of a Warrant Termination Agreement, dated May 9, 2014, by and between Viveve, Inc. and each of the 5AM Parties, a Warrant Termination Agreement, dated May 9, 2014, by and between Viveve, Inc. and GBS, a Warrant Termination Agreement, dated May 9, 2014, by and between Viveve, Inc. and Oxford Finance LLC (“Oxford”), and a Warrant Termination Agreement, dated May 9, 2014 (collectively, the “Warrant Termination Agreements”), by and between Viveve, Inc. and SVB Financial Group (“SVB Financial”). The cancellation of the outstanding principal amount and related accrued interest underlying the convertible bridge notes and the warrant liabilities were accounted for as part of the Merger transaction and no gain was recorded in the statement of operations.

 

 
19

 

 

The acquisition was accounted for as a reverse merger and recapitalization effected by a share exchange. Viveve is considered the acquirer for accounting and financial reporting purposes. The assets and liabilities of the acquired entity have been brought forward at their book value and no goodwill has been recognized.

  

Concurrent with the consummation of the Merger, we completed a private placement (the “September 2014 Offering”) of 11,406,932 shares of our common stock (of which 11,305,567 shares of our common stock were issued at the closing as a result of beneficial ownership limitations), together with five-year warrants for the purchase of up to 940,189 shares of common stock, at an exercise price of $0.53 per share, for gross proceeds of approximately $6,000,000, which included the conversion of $1,500,000 of convertible notes. The price per unit was $0.53 per share.

 

On September 30, 2014, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement, as amended on February 19, 2015 and May 14, 2015 (collectively the “Loan Agreement”), with Square 1 Bank (the “Lender”) pursuant to which we received a term loan in the amount of $5 million, funded in 3 tranches. The first tranche of $2.5 million was provided to us on October 1, 2014 and proceeds of $500,000 from the second tranche were received on each of February 19, 2015, March 16, 2015 and April 6, 2015 for aggregate proceeds of $1,500,000. The terms of the loan also require that the Company meet certain financial covenants and milestones in connection with the randomized, blinded and sham-controlled clinical trial initiated by the Company in Europe and Canada which is designed to demonstrate the efficacy of the Viveve Treatment versus a sham controlled procedure for the treatment of vaginal introital laxity (the “OUS Clinical Trial”), including, but not limited to, (a) full enrollment as of March 31, 2015, (b) positive 3-month interim data as of July 10, 2015, and (c) positive results from the trial as of January 31, 2016. Full enrollment of the OUS Clinical Trial was achieved prior to March 31, 2015. Additionally, the Company provided evidence to Lender of positive 3-month interim results with respect to the OUS Clinical Trial and on July 15, 2015 we received the final $1,000,000 of the term loan with a drawdown of funds from the third tranche. Interest accrues at a fixed per annum rate equal to the Basic Rate, as defined in the Loan Agreement, in effect on the date of any tranche 1 advance or tranche 2 advance, respectively, plus the Applicable Margin, as defined in the Loan Agreement, not in any case less than 5.0% per annum. Interest accrues on each tranche 3 advance at a fixed per annum rate equal to the Base Rate, as defined in the Loan Agreement, in effect on the date of the tranche 3 advance plus the Applicable Margin, as defined in the Loan Agreement, not in any case less than 6.5% per annum. Each advance is due to be repaid 42 months after the date of the advance (the “Term Loan Maturity Date.”) Interest only is due and payable monthly during the first 12 months of the loan term (the “Interest Only Period”). The principal balance of each advance that is outstanding at the end of the applicable Interest Only Period must be paid in 30 equal monthly installments of principal, plus all accrued interest, beginning on the first day of the first month following the end of the Interest Only Period, and continuing on the same day of each month thereafter through the Term Loan Maturity Date, at which time all amounts outstanding in connection with any advance shall be immediately due and payable. As of June 30, 2015 and the date of this filing, the outstanding term loan principal balance was $4 million and $5 million, respectively.

 

In connection with the terms of the Loan Agreement, we entered into the Intellectual Property Security Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2014, pursuant to which a first priority security interest was created in all of our intellectual property and issued a 10-year warrant to the Lender for the purchase of 471,698 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $0.53 per share (the “Warrant”), such number of shares to automatically increase in the event that we fail to meet certain covenants to achieve certain OUS Clinical Trial milestones or capital raising requirements as set forth in the Loan Agreement, as amended, by a number equal to the quotient derived by dividing (i) 1% of the principal balance outstanding under the Loan Agreement by (ii) the exercise price $0.53 per share (the “Amended Warrant”). In connection with the second amendment to the Loan Agreement in May 2015, the Company issued a second 10-year warrant to the Lender to purchase a total of 25,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.37 per share.

 

On May 14, 2015, we completed a private offering (the “May 2015 Offering”) pursuant to which we sold 32,432,432 shares of common stock, no par value, for gross proceeds of approximately $12,000,000, to 20 accredited investors pursuant to the terms of a Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of May 12, 2015. The net proceeds from the May 2015 Offering was approximately $11,040,000.

 

 
20

 

 

Plan of Operation

 

 We are subject to risks, expenses and uncertainties frequently encountered by companies in the medical device industry. These risks include, but are not limited to, intense competition, whether we can be successful in obtaining FDA approval for the sale of our product, whether there will be a demand for the Viveve Treatment, given that the cost of the procedure will likely not be reimbursed by the government or private health insurers. In addition, we will continue to require substantial funds to support our clinical trials and fund our efforts to expand regulatory approval for our products in locations in which we do not currently have approval to market our product, including the U.S. We cannot be certain that any additional required financing will be available when needed or on terms which are favorable to us. As noted above, our operations to date have been primarily funded through the sale of debt and equity securities. Various factors, including our limited operating history with minimal revenues to date and our limited ability to market and sell our product have resulted in limited working capital available to fund our operations. The recent Merger and concurrent Private Placement was consummated in an effort to raise additional capital and increase public awareness of Viveve, as well as create opportunities for access to additional capital by increasing liquidity that investors may find more attractive in a public company. While we believe that our recent going public transaction will be attractive to investors, there are no assurances that we will be successful in securing additional financing to fund our operations going forward. Failure to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, raise additional capital or reduce certain discretionary spending could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our intended business objectives. These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

 

We intend to increase our sales and exposure both internationally and in the United States market by seeking regulatory approval for the sale and distribution of our product, identifying and training qualified distributors and expanding the scope of physicians who offer the Viveve Treatment to include plastic surgeons, dermatologists, general surgeons, urologists, urogynecologists and primary care physicians. In addition, we intend to use the strategic relationships that we have developed with outside contractors and medical experts to improve the Viveve System by focusing our research and development efforts on various areas including, but not limited to:

 

 

●  

designing new treatment tips optimized for both ease-of-use and to reduce procedure times for patients and physicians;

 

 

●  

increasing security to prevent the re-use of treatment tips, resulting in improved procedure efficacy and reduced safety concerns; and

 

 

●  

developing a new cooling system that integrates a substitute for hydroflurocarbon, to maintain compliance with changes in international environmental regulations.

 

We are using the net proceeds of approximately $4.2 million received from the September 2014 Offering, together with our debt financing of $5.0 million pursuant to the Loan Agreement and net proceeds of approximately $11.0 million from the May 2015 Offering to support commercialization of our product in existing and new markets, for our research and development efforts and for protection of our intellectual property, as well as for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We expect that we will continue to require funds to fully implement our plan of operation. The net proceeds from the September 2014 Offering, the debt financing pursuant to the Loan Agreement, and the May 2015 Offering are expected to be sufficient to fund our activities for the next twelve months. Our operating costs include employee salaries and benefits, compensation paid to consultants, professional fees and expenses, costs associated with our clinical trials, capital costs for research and other equipment, costs associated with research and development activities including travel and administration, legal expenses, sales and marketing costs, general and administrative expenses, and other costs associated with an early stage public company subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We also expect to incur expenses related to obtaining regulatory approvals in the U.S. and internationally as well as legal and related expenses to protect our intellectual property. We expect capital expenditures to be less than $250,000 annually.

 

We intend to continue to meet our operating cash flow requirements through the sales of our products and by raising additional funds from the sale of equity or debt securities. If we sell our equity securities, or securities convertible into equity, to raise capital, our current stockholders will likely be substantially diluted. We may also consider the sale of certain assets, or entering into a transaction, such as a merger, with a business complimentary to ours, although we do not currently have plans for any such transaction. While we have been successful in raising capital to fund our operations since inception, other than as discussed in this quarterly report, we do not have any committed sources of financing and there are no assurances that we will be able to secure additional funding. If we cannot obtain financing, then we may be forced to curtail our operations or consider other strategic alternatives.

 

Results of Operations

 

Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015 and 2014

 

Revenue

 

   

Three Months Ended

                 
   

June 30,

   

Change

 
   

2015

   

2014

    $    

%

 
    (in thousands, except percentages)  
                                 

Revenue

  $ 73     $ -     $ 73    

N/A

 

 

 
21

 

 

We recorded revenue of $73,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2015, compared to revenue of zero for the three months ended June 30, 2014, an increase of $73,000. The increase in revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2015, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2014 was primarily due to sales of our disposable treatment tips and other ancillary consumables to existing customers. Despite this increase, overall sales in the second quarter of 2015 were limited, primarily as a result of insufficient commercial inventory available for sale. During the second half of 2014 inventory production was slowed due to funding constraints and the majority of inventory was used to support our OUS Clinical Trial.

  

Research and development expenses

 

   

Three Months Ended

                 
   

June 30,

   

Change

 
   

2015

   

2014

    $    

%

 
    (in thousands, except percentages)  
                                 

Research and development

  $ 1,086     $ 194     $ 892       460 %

 

Research and development expense totaled $1,086,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2015, compared to research and development expense of $194,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2014, an increase of $892,000, or approximately 460%. Spending on research and development primarily increased in the second quarter of 2015 due to costs associated with our OUS Clinical Trial. The Viveve OUS Clinical Trial commenced in the fourth quarter of 2014 and is a post market study designed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Viveve Treatment. The study duration is approximately 12-15 months. We also increased engineering and development work with our contract manufacturer related to product improvement efforts in 2015.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

   

Three Months Ended

                 
   

June 30,

   

Change

 
   

2015

   

2014

    $    

%

 
    (in thousands, except percentages)  
                                 

Selling, general and administrative

  $ 1,821     $ 779     $ 1,042       134 %
  

Selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $1,821,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2015, compared to $779,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2014, an increase of $1,042,000, or approximately 134%. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2015 was primarily attributable to increased sales and marketing efforts to build brand and market awareness, expenses associated with being a public company and financing efforts. Selling, general and administrative expenses during the second quarter of 2015 also included higher personnel costs due to new hires (primarily in connection with our sales and marketing efforts) and accrued bonuses associated with the Company’s 2015 employee bonus program and new stock options granted. In contrast, selling, general and administrative expenses were lower in 2014 as a result of reduced activity due to funding constraints.

 

Interest expense

 

   

Three Months Ended

                 
   

June 30,

   

Change

 
   

2015

   

2014

    $    

%

 
    (in thousands, except percentages)  
                                 

Interest expense

  $ 105     $ 176     $ (71 )     (40 )%

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2015, we had interest expense of $105,000, compared to $176,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2014. The decrease of $71,000, or approximately 40%, resulted primarily from interest expense during the second quarter of 2014 on our convertible bridge notes. In connection with the Merger, these convertible promissory notes were extinguished.

 

 
22

 

 

Other income (expense), net

 

   

Three Months Ended

                 
   

June 30,

   

Change

 
   

2015

   

2014

    $    

%

 
    (in thousands, except percentages)  
                                 

Other income (expense), net

  $ (14 )   $ 21     $ (35 )     (167 )%

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2015 we had other expense, net, of $14,000, compared to other income, net, of $21,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2014. The decrease of $35,000, or approximately 167%, was primarily attributable to mark-to-market adjustments in the second quarter of 2014 associated with the change in the fair value for our preferred stock warrants, which were accounted for as liabilities. These warrants were extinguished in connection with the Merger.

 

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 and 2014

 

Revenue

    Six Months Ended                  
    June 30,     Change  
    2015     2014     $    

%

 
   

(in thousands, except percentages)

 
                                 

Revenue

  $ 111     $ 47     $ 64       136 %

 

We recorded revenue of $111,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2015, compared to revenue of $47,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2014, an increase of $64,000, or approximately 136%. The increase in revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2015 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2014 was primarily due to sales of our disposable treatment tips and other ancillary consumables to existing customers. Despite this increase, overall sales in the first half of 2015 were limited, primarily as a result of insufficient commercial inventory available for sale. During the second half of 2014 inventory production was slowed due to funding constraints and the majority of inventory was used to support our OUS Clinical Trial.

  

Research and development expenses 

    Six Months Ended                  
    June 30,     Change  
    2015     2014     $    

%

 
   

(in thousands, except percentages)

 
                                 

Research and development

  $ 1,931     $ 368     $ 1,563       425 %

    

Research and development expense totaled $1,931,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2015, compared to research and development expense of $368,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2014, an increase of $1,563,000, or approximately 425%. Spending on research and development primarily increased in the first half of 2015 due to costs associated with our OUS Clinical Trial. The Viveve OUS Clinical Trial commenced in the fourth quarter of 2014 and is a post market study designed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Viveve Treatment. The study duration is approximately 12-15 months. We also increased engineering and development work with our contract manufacturer related to product improvement efforts and additional stock-based compensation expense primarily due to performance-based bonuses for employees in the first half of 2015.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

    Six Months Ended                  
    June 30,     Change  
    2015     2014     $    

%

 
   

(in thousands, except percentages)

 
                                 

Selling, general and administrative

  $ 3,398     $ 1,295     $ 2,103       162 %

     

 
23

 

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $3,398,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2015, compared to $1,295,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2014, an increase of $2,103,000, or approximately 162%. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2015 was primarily attributable to increased sales and marketing efforts to build brand and market awareness, expenses associated with being a public company and financing efforts. Selling, general and administrative expenses during the first half of 2015 also included higher personnel costs due to new hires (primarily in connection with our sales and marketing efforts) and additional stock-based compensation expense primarily due to new stock options granted and performance-based bonuses for employees in the first half of 2015. In contrast, selling, general and administrative expenses were lower in 2014 as a result of reduced activity due to funding constraints.

 

Interest expense

    Six Months Ended                  
    June 30,     Change  
    2015     2014     $    

%

 
   

(in thousands, except percentages)

 
                                 

Interest expense

  $ 188     $ 334     $ (146 )     (44 )%

    

During the six months ended June 30, 2015, we had interest expense of $188,000, compared to $334,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2014. The decrease of $146,000, or approximately 44%, resulted primarily from interest expense during the first half of 2014 on our convertible bridge notes. In connection with the Merger, these convertible promissory notes were extinguished.

 

Other income (expense), net

    Six Months Ended                  
    June 30,     Change  
    2015     2014     $    

%

 
   

(in thousands, except percentages)

 
                                 

Other income (expense), net

  $ (21 )   $ 42     $ (63 )     (150 )%

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2015 we had other expense, net, of $21,000 as compared to other income, net, of $42,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2014. The decrease of $63,000, or approximately 150%, was primarily attributable to mark-to-market adjustments in the first half of 2014 associated with the change in the fair value for our preferred stock warrants, which were accounted for as liabilities. The warrants were extinguished in connection with the Merger.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2015

 

Liquidity is our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operating activities to meet our obligations and commitments. In addition, liquidity includes the ability to obtain appropriate financing or to raise capital. We have funded our operations since inception through the sale of our capital stock and borrowings from related parties and financial institutions. Cash and cash equivalents were $8,362,000 as of June 30, 2015, an increase of $7,467,000 from December 31, 2014, primarily due to raising $11,040,000 of cash, which represent the net proceeds from the May 2015 Offering, and the drawdown under the second tranche of $1,500,000 pursuant to the Loan Agreement. To date, we have not generated sufficient cash flows from operating activities to meet our obligations and commitments, and we anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future. We believe our current cash position should be sufficient to fund our activities for the next twelve months.

 

The following table summarizes the primary sources and uses of cash for the periods presented below (in thousands):

   

Six Months Ended

 
   

June 30,

 
   

2015

   

2014

 
                 

Net cash used in operating activities

    (5,072 )     (1,355 )

Net cash used in investing activities

    (1 )     (106 )

Net cash provided by financing activities

    12,540       1,250  

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

    7,467       (211 )

 

 
24

 

 

Operating Activities

 

We have incurred, and expect to continue to incur, significant expenses in the areas of research and development, regulatory and clinical study costs, associated with the Viveve System.

 

Operating activities used $5,072,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2015 compared to $1,355,000 used for the six months ended June 30, 2014. The primary use of our cash was to fund selling, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses associated with the Viveve System. Net cash used during the six months ended June 30, 2015 consisted of a net loss of $5,530,000 adjusted for non-cash expenses including depreciation and amortization of $36,000, stock-based compensation of $90,000, fair value of warrants issued to employees for performance bonuses of $244,000, fair value of warrants issued to service providers of $136,000 (primarily related to nonemployee contractors), non-cash interest expense of $102,000, and outflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities of $150,000. Net cash used during the six months ended June 30, 2014 consisted of a net loss of $1,933,000 adjusted for non-cash expenses including depreciation and amortization of $29,000, stock-based compensation of $30,000, gain of $43,000 from the revaluation of the warrant liability, non-cash interest expense of $264,000, and changes in operating assets and liabilities of $298,000.

 

Investing Activities

 

Net cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 was $1,000 and $106,000, respectively, which was used for the purchase of property and equipment. We expect to continue to purchase property and equipment in the normal course of our business. The amount and timing of these purchases and the related cash outflows in future periods is difficult to predict and is dependent on a number of factors including, but not limited to, any increase in the number of our employees and any changes to the capital equipment requirements related to our development programs and clinical trials.

  

Financing Activities

 

Net cash provided by financing activities during six months ended June 30, 2015 was $12,540,000, which was the result of the gross proceeds of $12,000,000 from our 2015 private placement, partially offset by transaction costs of $960,000, and the proceeds of $1,500,000 from the drawdown of funds from the second tranche of the term loan. Cash provided by financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2014 was $1,250,000, which was the result of proceeds from the issuance of related party convertible bridge notes which were extinguished in connection with the Merger.

 

Contractual Payment Obligations

 

We have obligations under a non-cancelable operating lease, a bank term loan and a purchase commitment for inventory. As of June 30, 2015, our contractual obligations are as follows (in thousands):

 

           

Less than

                   

More than

 

Contractual Obligations:

 

Total

   

1 Year

   

1 - 3 Year

   

3 -5 Years

   

5 Years

 

Non-cancellable operating lease obligations

  $ 399     $ 226     $ 173     $ -     $ -  

Debt obligations (including interest)

    4,356       1,059       3,297                  

Total

  $ 4,755     $ 1,285     $ 3,470     $ -     $ -  

 

In June 2006, we entered into a Development and Manufacturing Agreement with Stellartech Research Corporation (the "Agreement"). The Agreement was amended on October 4, 2007. Under the Agreement, we agreed to purchase 300 generators manufactured by Stellartech. As of June 30, 2015 and the date of this filing, we have purchased 23 units and 35 units, respectively. The price per unit is variable and dependent on the volume and timing of units ordered. 

 

In January 2012, we entered into a lease agreement for office and laboratory facilities. The lease agreement, as amended in January 2015, commenced in March 2012 and will terminate in March 2017.

 

 As described above, on September 30, 2014, we entered into the Loan Agreement pursuant to which we received a term loan in the amount of $5,000,000, funded in 3 tranches. The first tranche of $2,500,000 was provided to us on October 1, 2014.  The proceeds from the first tranche were used to repay the existing loan with a financial institution which totaled approximately $1,631,000 and the balance was used for general working capital purposes and capital expenditures. The first tranche borrowing is repayable in interest only payments until November 1, 2015 and then 30 equal installments of principal and interest at a rate of 5.25% per annum. The second tranche of the term loan is equal to $1,500,000, of which $500,000 was provided to us on each of February 19, 2015, March 16, 2015 and April 6, 2015.  The proceeds from the second tranches will be used for general working capital purposes and capital expenditures. The second tranche borrowings in February, March and April 2015 are repayable in interest only payments until March 1, 2016 and then 30 equal installments of principal and interest at a rate of 5.00%, 5.06% and 5.00% per annum, respectively. As of June 30, 2015, the outstanding term loan principal balance was $4,000,000. On July 15, 2015, the Company received the final $1,000,000 of the term loan with a drawdown of funds from the third tranche. The third tranche borrowing is repayable in interest only payments until August 1, 2016 and then 30 equal installments of principal and interest at rate of 6.56% per annum. The proceeds from the third tranches will be used for general working capital purposes and capital expenditures. As of the date of this filing, the outstanding term loan principal balance was $5,000,000.

 

 
25

 

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). Certain accounting policies and estimates are particularly important to the understanding of our financial position and results of operations and require the application of significant judgment by our management or can be materially affected by changes from period to period in economic factors or conditions that are outside of our control. As a result, they are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. In applying these policies, management uses their judgment to determine the appropriate assumptions to be used in the determination of certain estimates. Those estimates are based on our historical operations, our future business plans and projected financial results, the terms of existing contracts, observance of trends in the industry, information provided by our customers and information available from other outside sources, as appropriate. Please see Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, that was filed with the SEC on March 16, 2015, for a more complete description of our significant accounting policies. There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies during the three months ended June 30, 2015.

  

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In May 2014, as part of its ongoing efforts to assist in the convergence of US GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)”. The new guidance sets forth a new five-step revenue recognition model which replaces the prior revenue recognition guidance in its entirety and is intended to eliminate numerous industry-specific pieces of revenue recognition guidance that have historically existed in US GAAP. The underlying principle of the new standard is that a business or other organization will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects what it expects in exchange for the goods or services. The standard also requires more detailed disclosures and provides additional guidance for transactions that were not addressed completely in the prior accounting guidance. The ASU provides alternative methods of initial adoption and is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We are currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-12, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could be Achieved After a Requisite Service Period” (“ASU 2014-12”). Companies commonly issue share-based payment awards that require a specific performance target to be achieved in order for employees to become eligible to vest in the awards. ASU 2014-12 requires that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period should be treated as a performance condition. The performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant date fair value of the award. Compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved. ASU 2014-12 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal years beginning fiscal 2016 and interim reporting periods within that year, using either the retrospective or prospective transition method. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern (subtopic 310-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern” (“ASU 2014-15”), to provide guidance on management’s responsibility in evaluating whether there is substantial doubt about a company’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. ASU 2014-15 is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. We are currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures. 

 

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, (“ASU 2015-03”). ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. ASU 2015-03 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2016 and subsequent interim periods, with earlier adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of this guidance on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 
26

 

 

Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

 

We do not have any off-balance sheet transactions.

 

Trends, Events and Uncertainties

 

Research and development of new technologies is, by its nature, unpredictable. Although we will undertake development efforts with commercially reasonable diligence, there can be no assurance that we will have adequate capital to develop our technology to the extent needed to create future sales to sustain our operations.

 

We cannot assure you that our technology will be adopted, that we will ever earn revenues sufficient to support our operations, or that we will ever be profitable. Furthermore, since we have no committed source of financing, we cannot assure you that we will be able to raise money as and when we need it to continue our operations. If we cannot raise funds as and when we need them, we may be required to severely curtail, or even to cease, our operations.

 

Other than as discussed above and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we are not aware of any trends, events or uncertainties that are likely to have a material effect on our financial condition.

 

Item 3.       Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

 

As a "smaller reporting company" as defined by Item 10 of Regulation S-K, the Company is not required to provide information required by this Item.

 

Item 4.       Controls and Procedures.

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 

 

We carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2015, the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based upon the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2015, our Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer) concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

No changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting have come to management's attention during the Company's last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

 

 
27

 

 

PART II-OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1.        Legal Proceedings.

 

We are not currently a party to any legal proceedings.

 

Item 1A.     Risk Factors.

 

Certain factors may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below, in addition to other information contained in this Quarterly Report, including our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business

 

We are dependent upon the success of the Viveve System, which has a limited commercial history. If the Viveve System fails to gain or loses market acceptance, our business will suffer.

 

In 2012, we began marketing the Viveve System in Canada, Hong Kong and Japan, and we expect that sales of the Viveve System, including the single-use Viveve treatment tips, will account for substantially all of our revenue for the foreseeable future. The Viveve System may not significantly penetrate current or new markets, including the U.S. and elsewhere. If demand for the Viveve System does not increase as we anticipate, or if demand declines, our business, financial condition and results of operations will be harmed.

 

Performing clinical studies on, and collecting data from, the Viveve Treatment is inherently subjective, and we have limited data regarding the efficacy of the Viveve System. If future data is not positive or consistent with our prior experience, rates of physician adoption will likely be harmed.

 

We believe that in order to significantly grow our business, we will need to conduct future clinical studies of the effectiveness of the Viveve System. Clinical studies of vaginal laxity and sexual function are subject to a number of limitations. First, these studies do not involve objective standards for measuring the effectiveness of treatment. Subjective, patient reported outcomes are the most common method of evaluating effectiveness. As a result, clinical studies may conclude that a treatment is effective even in the absence of objective measures. Second, as with other non-invasive, energy-based devices, the effect of the Viveve Treatment varies from patient to patient and can be influenced by a number of factors, including the age, ethnicity and level of vaginal laxity and sexual function of the patient among other things.

 

Current published studies of the Viveve System conducted in the U.S. and Japan have investigated the tissue-tightening effect of Viveve’s monopolar RF technology using single-arm studies where all patients enrolled in the trial received the same treatment without comparison to randomized, blinded or controlled trials. Clinical studies designed in a randomized, blinded and controlled fashion represent the gold-standard in clinical trial design, which most effectively assess the efficacy of a product or therapy versus a placebo group. Future clinical studies, which may be required to drive physician adoption or support regulatory clearance or approval, may require randomized, blinded and controlled trial designs. In the fourth quarter of 2014, we initiated a new randomized, blinded and sham-controlled clinical trial in Europe and Canada designed to demonstrate the efficacy of the Viveve Treatment versus a sham-controlled procedure for the treatment of vaginal introital laxity (the “OUS Clinical Trials”). (See discussion under the headingClinical Studies”.) A sham-controlled treatment or procedure refers to a procedure performed as a control and that is similar to the treatment or procedure under investigation without the key therapeutic element being investigated.

 

Since we have not yet received the results of the Viveve Treatment under these trial design conditions, we cannot be certain that the outcomes will be positive. Negative outcomes would have a material, adverse impact on our business. For example, on September 30, 2014, we entered into the Loan Agreement pursuant to which we received a term loan in the amount of $5 million, which was anticipated to be funded in 3 tranches. The first tranche of $2.5 million was provided to us on October 1, 2014. The second tranche of the term loan is equal to $1.5 million, of which $500,000 was provided to us on February 19, 2015 and $1 million was subject to (i) evidence acceptable to the Lender of at least 50% enrollment in the OUS Clinical Trial no later than March 9, 2015, which was satisfied, and (ii) documentation or other evidence acceptable to the Lender of a prospective equity financing. On each of March 16, 2015 and April 6, 2015, we received an additional $500,000 in connection with a drawdown of funds from the second tranche, for a total of $1,500,000 received under the second tranche. The terms of the loan also require that the Company meet certain financial covenants and milestones in connection with the OUS Clinical Trial, including, but not limited to, (a) full enrollment as of March 31, 2015, (b) positive 3-month interim data as of July 10, 2015, as amended, and (c) positive results from the trial as of January 31, 2016.  At March 31, 2015, full enrollment of the OUS Clinical Trial was achieved. On July 15, 2015, the Company received the final $1,000,000 of the term loan with a drawdown of funds from the third tranche. The third tranche borrowing is repayable in interest only payments until August 1, 2016 and then 30 equal installments of principal and interest at rate of 6.56% per annum. The proceeds from the second and third tranches are being used for general working capital purposes and capital expenditures.

 

 
28

 

 

Additionally, we have not conducted any head-to-head clinical studies that compare results from treatment with the Viveve System to surgery or treatment with other therapies. Without head-to-head studies against competing alternative treatments, which we have no current plans to conduct, potential customers may not find clinical studies of our technology sufficiently compelling to purchase the Viveve System. If we decide to pursue additional studies in the future, such studies could be expensive and time consuming, and the data collected may not produce favorable or compelling results. If the results of such studies do not meet physicians’ expectations, the Viveve System may not become widely adopted, physicians may recommend alternative treatments for their patients, and our business may be harmed.

 

We currently do not have the ability to market the Viveve System in the U.S. If we want to sell the Viveve System and single-use treatment tips in the U.S., we will need to obtain FDA clearance or approval, which may not be granted.

 

Developing and promoting the Viveve System in additional areas, including the U.S., is a key element of our future growth strategy. We currently do not have FDA clearance or approval in the U.S. to market the Viveve System in its current configuration. We are in the process of seeking clearance or approval from the FDA to expand our marketing efforts. We cannot predict whether we will receive such clearances or approvals. The FDA will require us to conduct clinical trials to support regulatory clearance or approval, which trials may be time-consuming and expensive, and may produce results that do not result in clearance or approval of our FDA application. In the event that we do not obtain FDA clearance or approval, we will be unable to promote the Viveve System in the U.S. and the ability to grow our revenues may be adversely affected.

 

Our business is not currently profitable, and we may not be able to achieve profitability even if we are able to generate significant revenue.

 

Through June 30, 2015, we incurred losses since inception of approximately $41.6 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2015, we incurred a loss of $5.5 million. In 2014, we incurred a loss of $6.2 million and in 2013 a loss of $4.3 million. Even though our revenues may increase, we expect to incur significant additional losses while we grow and expand our business. We cannot predict if and when we will achieve profitability. Our failure to achieve and sustain profitability could negatively impact the market price of our common stock and may require us to seek additional financing for our business. There are no assurances that we will be able to obtain any additional financing or that any such financing will be on terms that are favorable to us.

 

It is difficult to forecast future performance, which may cause our financial results to fluctuate unpredictably.

 

Our limited operating history makes it difficult to predict future performance. Additionally, the demand for the Viveve System may vary from quarter to quarter. A number of factors, over which we have limited or no control, may contribute to fluctuations in our financial results, such as:

 

 

delays in receipt of anticipated purchase orders;

 

 

performance of our independent distributors;

 

 

positive or negative media coverage of the Viveve System, the Viveve Treatment or products of our competitors;

 

 

our ability to obtain further regulatory clearances or approvals;

 

 

delays in, or failure of, product and component deliveries by our subcontractors and suppliers;

 

 

customer response to the introduction of new product offerings; and

 

 

fluctuations in foreign currency.

 

 Our limited operating history has limited our ability to determine an appropriate sales price for our products.

 

Our historical operating performance has limited our ability to determine the proper sales prices for the Viveve System and the single-use treatment tips. Establishing appropriate pricing for our capital equipment and components has been challenging because there have not existed directly comparable competitive products. We may experience similar pricing challenges in the future as we enter new markets or introduce new products, which could have an unanticipated negative impact on our financial performance.

 

 
29

 

 

If there is not sufficient patient demand for our treatments, practitioner demand for the Viveve System could drop, resulting in unfavorable operating results.

 

Most procedures performed using the Viveve System are elective procedures, the cost of which must be borne by the patient, and are not reimbursable through government or private health insurance. The decision to undergo the Viveve Treatment is thus driven by consumer demand, which may be influenced by a number of factors, such as:

 

 

our sales and marketing efforts directed toward consumers, for which we have limited experience and resources;

 

 

the extent to which physicians recommend the Viveve Treatment to their patients;

 

 

the cost, safety and effectiveness of a Viveve Treatment versus alternative treatments;

 

 

general consumer sentiment about the benefits and risks of such procedures; and

 

 

consumer confidence, which may be impacted by economic and political conditions.

 

Our financial performance could be materially harmed in the event that any of the above factors discourage patients from seeking the Viveve Treatment.

 

The failure of the Viveve System to meet patient expectations or the occurrence of unpleasant side effects from the Viveve Treatment could impair our financial performance.

 

Our future success depends upon patients having a positive experience with the Viveve Treatment in order to increase physician demand for our products, as a result of positive feedback and word-of-mouth referrals. Patients may be dissatisfied if their expectations of the procedure, side effects and results, among other things, are not met. Despite the safety of the Viveve Treatment, patients may experience undesirable side-effects such as temporary swelling or reddening of the treated tissue. Experiencing any of these side effects could discourage a patient from completing a Viveve Treatment or discourage a patient from having future procedures or referring Viveve Treatments to others. In order to generate referral business, we believe that patients must be satisfied with the effectiveness of the Viveve Treatment. Results obtained from a Viveve Treatment are subjective and may be subtle. The Viveve Treatment may produce results that may not meet patients’ expectations. If patients are not satisfied with the procedure or feel that it is too expensive for the results obtained, our reputation and future sales will suffer.

 

Our success depends on growing physician adoption of the Viveve System and continued use of treatment tips.

 

Some of our target physician customers already own self-pay device products. Our ability to grow our business and convince physicians to purchase the Viveve System depends on the success of our sales and marketing efforts. Our business model involves both a capital equipment purchase of the Viveve System and continued purchases by our customers of single-use treatment tips and ancillary consumables. This may be a novel business model for many potential customers who may be used to competing products that are exclusively capital equipment, such as many laser-based systems. We must be able to demonstrate that the cost of the Viveve System and the revenue that the physician can derive from performing procedures using it are compelling when compared to the cost and revenue associated with alternative products or therapies. When marketing to plastic surgeons, we must also, in some cases, overcome a bias against non-invasive procedures. If we are unable to increase physician adoption of the Viveve System and use of the treatment tips, our financial performance will be adversely affected.

 

To successfully market and sell the Viveve System internationally, we must address many issues with which we have limited experience.

 

Sales outside the U.S. accounted for 100% of our revenue during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2015, and during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. We believe that a significant portion of our business will continue to come from sales outside the U.S. through increased penetration in countries where we currently sell the Viveve System, combined with expansion into new international markets. However, international sales are subject to a number of risks, including:

 

 

difficulties in staffing and managing international operations;

 

 

difficulties in penetrating markets in which our competitors’ products may be more established;

  

 
30

 

 

 

reduced or no protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;

 

 

export restrictions, trade regulations and foreign tax laws;

 

 

fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates;

 

 

foreign certification and regulatory clearance or approval requirements;

 

 

difficulties in developing effective marketing campaigns for unfamiliar, foreign countries;

 

 

customs clearance and shipping delays;

 

 

political and economic instability; and

 

 

preference for locally produced products.

 

If one or more of these risks were realized, it could require us to dedicate significant resources to remedy the situation, and even if we are able to find a solution, our revenues may still decline.

 

To market and sell the Viveve System internationally, we depend on distributors, and they may not be successful.

 

We currently depend exclusively on third-party distributors to sell and service the Viveve System internationally and to train our international customers, and if these distributors terminate their relationships with us or under-perform, we may be unable to maintain or increase our level of international revenue. We will also need to engage additional international distributors to grow our business and expand the territories in which we sell the Viveve System. Distributors may not commit the necessary resources to market, sell and service the Viveve System to the level of our expectations. If current or future distributors do not perform adequately, or if we are unable to engage distributors in particular geographic areas, our revenue from international operations will be adversely affected.

 

We currently have limited sales and marketing resources or experience and failure to build and manage a sales force or to market and distribute the Viveve System effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

We expect to rely on a direct sales force to sell the Viveve System in the U.S. In order to meet our future anticipated sales objectives, we expect to grow our domestic sales organization significantly over the next several years. There are significant risks involved in building and managing our sales organization, including risks related to our ability to:

 

 

hire qualified individuals as needed;

 

 

provide adequate training for the effective sale of the Viveve System; and

 

 

retain and motivate sales employees.

 

In addition, the Viveve System competes with products that are well-established in the market. Accordingly, it is difficult to predict how well our sales force will perform. Our failure to adequately address these risks could have a material adverse effect on our ability to sell the Viveve System, causing our revenue to be lower than expected and harming our results of operations.

 

We compete against companies that have more established products, longer operating histories and greater resources, which may prevent us from achieving significant market penetration or increased operating results.

 

The medical device and aesthetics markets are highly competitive and dynamic, and are marked by rapid and substantial technological development and product innovations. Demand for the Viveve System could be diminished by equivalent or superior products and technologies offered by competitors. Specifically, the Viveve System competes against other offerings in these markets, including laser and other light-based medical devices, pharmaceutical and consumer products, surgical procedures and exercise therapies.

 

Competing in these markets could result in price-cutting, reduced profit margins and loss of market share, any of which would harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our ability to compete effectively depends upon our ability to distinguish our company and the Viveve System from our competitors and their products, on such factors as:

 

 

safety and effectiveness;

  

 
31

 

 

 

product pricing;

 

 

success of our marketing initiatives;

 

 

compelling clinical data;

 

 

intellectual property protection;

 

 

quality of customer support; and

 

  

development of successful distribution channels, both domestically and internationally.

 

Some of our competitors have more established products and customer relationships than we have, which could inhibit our market penetration efforts. For example, we may encounter situations where, due to pre-existing relationships, potential customers decide to purchase additional products from our competitors. Potential customers also may need to recoup the cost of expensive products that they have already purchased from our competitors and thus may decide not to purchase, or to delay the purchase of, the Viveve System. If we are unable to achieve continued market penetration, we will be unable to compete effectively and our business will be harmed.

 

In addition, some of our current and potential competitors have significantly greater financial, research and development, manufacturing, and sales and marketing resources than we have. Our competitors could utilize their greater financial resources to acquire other companies to gain enhanced name recognition and market share, as well as new technologies or products that could effectively compete with our existing product. Given the relatively few competitors currently in the market, any such action could exacerbate existing competitive pressures, which could harm our business.

 

Competition among providers of devices for the medical device and aesthetics markets is characterized by rapid innovation, and we must continuously innovate the Viveve System and develop new products or our revenue may decline.

 

While we attempt to protect the Viveve System through patents and other intellectual property rights, there are few barriers to entry that would prevent new entrants or existing competitors from developing products that compete directly with our products. For example, while we believe our monopolar RF technology maintains a strong intellectual property position, there may be other companies employing competing technologies which claim to have a similar clinical effect to our technology. Additionally, there are others who may market monopolar RF technology for competing purposes in a direct challenge to our intellectual property position. As we continue to create market demand for a non-surgical, non-invasive way to treat vaginal laxity and sexual dysfunction, competitors may enter the market with other products making similar or superior claims. We expect that any competitive advantage we may enjoy from our current and future innovations may diminish over time, as companies successfully respond to our innovations, or create their own. Consequently, we believe that we will have to continuously innovate and improve the Viveve System and technology or develop new products to compete successfully. If we are unable to develop new products or innovate successfully, the Viveve System could become obsolete and our revenue will decline as our customers purchase competing products.

 

We outsource the manufacturing and repair of key elements of the Viveve System to a single manufacturing partner.

 

We outsource the manufacture and repair of the Viveve System to a single contract manufacturer, Stellartech. If Stellartech’s operations are interrupted or if Stellartech is unable to meet our delivery requirements due to capacity limitations or other constraints, we may be limited in our ability to fulfill new customer orders or to repair equipment at current customer sites. Stellartech has limited manufacturing capacity, is itself dependent upon third-party suppliers and is dependent on trained technical labor to effectively repair components making up the Viveve System. In addition, Stellartech is a medical device manufacturer and is required to demonstrate and maintain compliance with the FDA’s Quality System Regulation, or QSR. If Stellartech fails to comply with the FDA’s QSR, its manufacturing and repair operations could be halted. In addition, both the availability of our product to support the fulfillment of new customer orders as well as our ability to repair those products installed at current customer sites would be impaired. In addition, as of the date of this Quarterly Report, the development and manufacturing agreement under which Viveve and Stellartech operate has expired without any subsequent extension or renewal by the parties and the minimum conditions to the licenses granted therein have not been satisfied by us. Although the parties continue to operate under the terms of this agreement, our manufacturing operations could be adversely impacted if we are unable to enforce Stellartech’s performance under this agreement, or enter into a new agreement with Stellartech upon favorable terms.

  

 
32

 

 

Our manufacturing operations and those of our key manufacturing subcontractors are dependent upon third-party suppliers, making us vulnerable to supply shortages and price fluctuations, which could harm our business.

 

The single source supply of the Viveve System from Stellartech could not be replaced without significant effort and delay in production. Also, several other components and materials that comprise the Viveve System are currently manufactured by a single supplier or a limited number of suppliers. In many of these cases, we have not yet qualified alternate suppliers and we rely upon purchase orders, rather than long-term supply agreements. A supply interruption or an increase in demand beyond our current suppliers’ capabilities could harm our ability to manufacture the Viveve System until new sources of supply are identified and qualified. Our reliance on these suppliers subjects us to a number of risks that could harm our business, including:

 

 

interruption of supply resulting from modifications to or discontinuation of a supplier’s operations;

 

 

delays in product shipments resulting from uncorrected defects, reliability issues or a supplier’s variation in a component;

 

 

a lack of long-term supply arrangements for key components with our suppliers;

 

 

inability to obtain adequate supply in a timely manner, or to obtain adequate supply on commercially reasonable terms;

 

 

difficulty locating and qualifying alternative suppliers for our components in a timely manner;

 

 

production delays related to the evaluation and testing of products from alternative suppliers, and corresponding regulatory qualifications;

 

 

delay in delivery due to suppliers prioritizing other customer orders over our orders;

 

 

damage to our brand reputation caused by defective components produced by our suppliers;

 

  

increased cost of our warranty program due to product repair or replacement based upon defects in components produced by our suppliers; and

 

 

fluctuation in delivery by our suppliers due to changes in demand from us or from their other customers.

 

Any interruption in the supply of components or materials, or our inability to obtain substitute components or materials from alternate sources at acceptable prices in a timely manner, could impair our ability to meet the demand of our customers, which would have an adverse effect on our business.

 

If, in the future, we decide to perform additional manufacturing functions internally that we currently outsource, our business could be harmed by our limited manufacturing experience and related capabilities.

 

In the future, for financial or operational purposes, we may elect to perform component or system manufacturing functions internally. Our limited experience with manufacturing processes could lead to difficulties in producing sufficient quantities of manufactured items that meet our quality standards and that comply with applicable regulatory requirements in a timely and cost-effective manner. In addition, if we experience these types of manufacturing difficulties, it may be expensive and time consuming to engage a new or previous subcontractor or supplier to fulfill our replacement manufacturing needs. The occurrence of any of these events could harm our business.

 

If the Viveve System malfunctions or if we discover a manufacturing defect that could lead to a malfunction, we may have to initiate a product recall or replace components, which could adversely impact our business.

 

Problems in our manufacturing processes, or those of our manufacturing partners or subcontractors, which lead to an actual or possible malfunction in any of the components of the Viveve System, may require us to recall product from customers or replace components and could disrupt our operations. For example, in December 2012, we began replacing handpiece assemblies that were causing system malfunctions due to fiber optic damage that occurred during the manufacturing process. We subsequently worked with our manufacturing partner to redesign and test the reliability of the newly designed handpiece. The problem was resolved within several weeks and did not have a significant impact on our ability to supply products to our customers or, more generally, on our results of operations. However, our results of operations, reputation and market acceptance of our products could be harmed if we encounter difficulties in manufacturing that result in a more significant issue or significant patient injury, and delays our ability to fill customer orders.

  

 
33

 

 

We may not be able to develop an alternative cooling module that will be in compliance with changing environmental regulations in a timely or cost-effective manner.

 

Our cooling module relies upon a hydrofluorocarbon, or HFC, called R134a, to protect the outer layer of the tissue from over-heating while the device delivers RF energy to the submucosal tissue. New environmental regulations phasing out HFCs over the next decade have been adopted or are under consideration in a number of countries, and since 2007, European Union directives, aimed at the automotive industry, require the phase-out of HFCs and prohibit the introduction of new products incorporating HFCs and it is currently anticipated that such directives may impact the medical device industry. As a result, if we are unable to develop an alternative cooling module for our device which is not dependent on HFCs in a timely or cost-effective manner, the Viveve System may not be in compliance with environmental regulations, which could result in fines, civil penalties and the inability to sell our products in certain major international markets.

 

In addition, the impending restrictions on HFCs have reduced their current availability, as suppliers have less of an incentive to expand production capacity or maintain existing capacity. This change in supply could expose us to supply shortages or increased prices for R134a, which could impair our ability to manufacture the Viveve System and adversely affect our results or operations. HFCs may also be classified by some countries as a hazardous substance and, therefore, subject to significant shipping surcharges that may negatively impact profit margins.

  

If Solta Medical refuses to sell to us the cryogen cooling method and coupling fluid for commercial reasons, or otherwise, our business could be materially adversely affected.

 

We entered into a Coupling Fluid License and Product Supply Agreement with Solta Medical (“Solta”) pursuant to which Solta agreed to grant to us a license for the coupling fluid and supply the coupling fluid at preferred pricing for two years and at non-preferred pricing after two years. The agreement was for an initial term of three years, after which it continues to remain in effect unless and until terminated in accordance with the terms therein.

 

We use the cryogen cooling method and coupling fluid with our compatible radio frequency medical device for the purpose of conducting our initial clinical trials as well as for commercial purposes. Since we currently do not have any alternative sources of cryogen, if Solta refuses to sell to us for commercial reasons, or otherwise, our business could be materially adversely affected.

 

We forecast sales to determine requirements for components and materials used in the Viveve System, and if our forecasts are incorrect, we may experience delays in shipments or increased inventory costs.

 

We keep limited materials, components and finished product on hand. To manage our manufacturing operations with our suppliers, we forecast anticipated product orders and material requirements to predict our inventory needs up to six months in advance and enter into purchase orders on the basis of these requirements. Our limited historical experience may not provide us with enough data to accurately predict future demand. If our business expands, our demand for components and materials would increase and our suppliers may be unable to meet our demand. If we overestimate our component and material requirements, we will have excess inventory, which would increase our expenses. If we underestimate our component and material requirements, we may have inadequate inventory, which could interrupt, delay or prevent delivery of the Viveve System to our customers. Any of these occurrences would negatively affect our financial performance and the level of satisfaction that our customers have with our business.

 

Even though we require training for users of the Viveve System and we do not sell the Viveve System to non-physicians, there exists a potential for misuse, which could harm our reputation and our business.

 

Outside of the U.S., our independent distributors sell in many jurisdictions that do not require specific qualifications or training for purchasers or operators of the Viveve System. We do not supervise the procedures performed with the Viveve System, nor can we be assured that direct physician supervision of our equipment occurs according to our recommendations. We and our distributors require purchasers of the Viveve System to undergo an initial training session as a condition of purchase, but do not require ongoing training. In addition, we prohibit the sale of the Viveve System to companies that rent the Viveve System to third parties, but we cannot prevent an otherwise qualified physician from contracting with a rental company in violation of his or her purchase agreement with us.

 

In the U.S., we intend to only sell the Viveve System to licensed physicians who have met certain training requirements. However, current federal regulations will allow us to sell the Viveve System to “licensed practitioners,” if we receive FDA approval. The definition of “licensed practitioners” varies from state to state. As a result, the Viveve System may be operated by licensed practitioners with varying levels of training, and in many states by non-physicians, including physician assistants, registered nurses and nurse practitioners. Thus, in some states, the definition of “licensed practitioner” may result in the legal use of the Viveve System by non-physicians.

 

The use of the Viveve System by non-physicians, as well as noncompliance with the operating guidelines set forth in our training programs, may result in product misuse and adverse treatment outcomes, which could harm our reputation and expose us to costly product liability litigation.

  

 
34

 

 

Third parties could misuse the application of RF energy for the non-invasive treatment of vaginal introital laxity, which could harm the reputation of the Viveve System, which uses RF energy.

 

Third parties may utilize RF energy in connection with treatments other than the Viveve System, for vaginal introital laxity. Misuse of such energy may cause adverse treatment outcomes, including patient injuries. In the event there are negative outcomes from the use of RF energy, the reputation of RF energy as a method for treating vaginal introital laxity may be harmed. Such harm may cause the market to lose confidence in the Viveve System, which could harm our reputation and business.

 

Product liability suits could be brought against us due to defective design, labeling, material or workmanship, or misuse of the Viveve System, and could result in expensive and time-consuming litigation, payment of substantial damages and an increase in our insurance rates.

 

If the Viveve System is defectively designed, manufactured or labeled, contains defective components or is misused, we may become subject to substantial and costly litigation by our customers or their patients. Misusing the Viveve System or failing to adhere to operating guidelines could cause serious adverse events. In addition, if our operating guidelines are found to be inadequate, we may be subject to liability. We may, in the future, be involved in litigation related to the use of the Viveve System. Product liability claims could divert management’s attention from our business, be expensive to defend and result in sizable damage awards against us. We may not have sufficient insurance coverage for all future claims. We may not be able to obtain insurance in amounts or scope sufficient to provide us with adequate coverage against all potential liabilities. Any product liability claims brought against us, with or without merit, could increase our product liability insurance rates or prevent us from securing continuing coverage, could harm our reputation in the industry and reduce product sales. Product liability claims in excess of our insurance coverage would be paid out of cash reserves, harming our financial condition and adversely affecting our operating results.

 

After-market modifications to treatment tips by third parties and the development of counterfeit products could reduce our sales, expose us to product liability litigation and dilute our brand quality.

 

Third parties may introduce adulterated after-market modifications to our treatment tips, which enable re-use of treatment tips in multiple procedures. Because the treatment tips are designed to withstand a finite number of pulses, modifications intended to increase the number of pulses could result in patient injuries caused by the use of worn-out or damaged treatment tips. In addition, third parties may seek to develop counterfeit products that are compatible with the Viveve System and available to practitioners at lower prices. If security features incorporated into the design of the Viveve System are unable to prevent after-market modifications to the treatment tips or the introduction of counterfeit products, we could be subject to reduced sales, product liability lawsuits resulting from the use of damaged or defective goods and damage to our reputation.

 

We depend on skilled and experienced personnel to operate our business effectively. If we are unable to recruit, hire and retain these employees, our ability to manage and expand our business will be harmed, which would impair our future revenue and profitability.

 

Our success largely depends on the skills, experience and efforts of our officers and other key employees. While we have employment contracts with our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, these officers and other key employees may terminate their employment at any time. The loss of any senior management team members could weaken our management expertise and harm our business.

 

Our ability to retain our skilled labor force and our success in attracting and hiring new skilled employees will be a critical factor in determining whether we will be successful in the future. We may not be able to meet our future hiring needs or retain existing personnel. We will face particularly significant challenges and risks in hiring, training, managing and retaining engineering and sales and marketing employees, as well as independent distributors, most of whom are geographically dispersed and must be trained in the use and benefits of the Viveve System. Failure to attract and retain personnel, particularly technical and sales and marketing personnel, would materially harm our ability to compete effectively and grow our business.

 

Any acquisitions that we make could disrupt our business and harm our financial condition.

 

We expect to evaluate potential strategic acquisitions of complementary businesses, products or technologies. We may also consider joint ventures and other collaborative projects. We may not be able to identify appropriate acquisition candidates or strategic partners, or successfully negotiate, finance or integrate acquisitions of any businesses, products or technologies. Furthermore, the integration of any acquisition and management of any collaborative project may divert management’s time and resources from our business and disrupt our operations. We do not have any experience with acquiring companies or products. If we decide to expand our product offerings, we may spend time and money on projects that do not increase our revenues.

 

 
35

 

 

Risks Related to Regulatory Matters

 

We may be unable to obtain or maintain international regulatory qualifications or approvals for our current or future products, which could harm our business.

 

Sales of the Viveve System internationally are subject to foreign regulatory requirements that vary widely from country to country. In addition, the FDA regulates exports of medical devices from the U.S. Complying with international regulatory requirements can be an expensive and time-consuming process, and approval is not certain. The time required to obtain clearances or approvals, if required by other countries, may be longer than that required for FDA clearance or approvals, and requirements for such clearances or approvals may significantly differ from FDA requirements. We may rely on third-party distributors to obtain all regulatory clearances and approvals required in other countries, and these distributors may be unable to obtain or maintain such clearances or approvals. Our distributors may also incur significant costs in attempting to obtain and in maintaining foreign regulatory approvals or qualifications, which could increase the difficulty of attracting and retaining qualified distributors. If our distributors experience delays in receiving necessary qualifications, clearances or approvals to market our products outside the U.S., or if they fail to receive those qualifications, clearances or approvals, we may be unable to market our products or enhancements in international markets effectively, or at all.

  

Foreign governmental authorities that regulate the manufacture and sale of medical devices have become increasingly stringent and, to the extent we market and sell our products outside of the U.S., we may be subject to rigorous international regulation in the future. In these circumstances, we would be required to rely on our foreign independent distributors to comply with the varying regulations, and any failures on their part could result in restrictions on the sale of our product in foreign countries.

 

If we fail to maintain regulatory approvals and clearances, or if we are unable to obtain, or experience significant delays in obtaining, FDA clearances or approvals for the Viveve System or any future products we may develop or acquire, including product enhancements, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

The Viveve System is, and any future products we may acquire or develop will be, subject to rigorous regulation by the FDA and numerous other federal, state and foreign governmental authorities. The process of obtaining regulatory clearances or approvals to market a medical device can be costly and time consuming, and we may not be able to obtain these clearances or approvals on a timely basis, if at all. In particular, the FDA permits commercial distribution of a new medical device only after the device has received clearance under Section 510(k) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, approval of a de novo reclassification petition, or is the subject of an approved premarket approval application, or PMA, unless the device is specifically exempt from those requirements. The FDA will clear marketing of a lower risk medical device through the 510(k) process if the manufacturer demonstrates that the new product is substantially equivalent to other 510(k)-cleared products. High risk devices deemed to pose the greatest risk, such as life-sustaining, life-supporting, or implantable devices, or devices not deemed substantially equivalent to a previously cleared device, require the approval of a PMA. The PMA process is more costly, lengthy and uncertain than the 510(k) clearance process. A PMA application must be supported by extensive data, including, but not limited to, technical, pre-clinical, clinical trial, manufacturing and labeling data, to demonstrate to the FDA’s satisfaction the safety and efficacy of the device for its intended use.

 

If there is no known predicate for a device, a company can request a de novo reclassification of the product. De novo generally applies where there is no predicate device and the FDA believes the device is sufficiently safe so that no PMA should be required. FDA’s de novo process has just been streamlined to allow a company to request that a new product classification be developed based on information provided by the requesting company. Our plan is to utilize the Direct De Novo process for the Viveve System. However, we cannot predict when or if such approval will be obtained, or whether FDA will create a new product code. Failure to approve the de novo petition, or establishment of a new product code could require us to seek a PMA for the Viveve System. Delays in receipt or failure to receive clearances or approvals could reduce our sales, profitability and future growth prospects.

 

If we modify an FDA-cleared device, we may need to seek and obtain new clearances, which, if not granted, would prevent the sale of our modified product or require us to redesign the product.

 

Any modifications to an FDA-cleared device that could significantly affect its safety or effectiveness or that would constitute a major change in its intended use would require a new 510(k) clearance or possibly a premarket approval. Viveve may not be able to obtain additional 510(k) clearances or premarket approvals for new products or for modifications to, or additional indications for, our existing product in a timely fashion, or at all. Delays in obtaining future clearances would adversely affect our ability to introduce new or enhanced products in a timely manner, which in turn could harm our revenue and potential future profitability. We have made modifications to our device in the past and may make additional modifications in the future that we believe do not or will not require additional clearances or approvals. If the FDA disagrees, and requires new clearances or approvals for the modifications, we may be required to recall and to stop marketing the modified device, which could harm our operating results and require us to redesign the product.

  

 
36

 

 

Clinical trials necessary to support a 510(k) or a PMA application will be expensive and will require the enrollment of large numbers of patients. Suitable patients may be difficult to identify and recruit. Delays or failures in our clinical trials will prevent us from commercializing any modified or new products and will adversely affect our business, operating results and prospects.

 

The FDA has asked us to conduct an investigational device exemption, or IDE, study to support a future product submission for the Viveve System. Initiating and completing clinical trials necessary to support a 510(k) or a PMA application for the Viveve System, as well as other possible future product candidates, will be time consuming and expensive and the outcome is uncertain. Moreover, the results of early clinical trials are not necessarily predictive of future results, and any product we advance into clinical trials may not have favorable results in later clinical trials.

 

Conducting successful clinical studies will require the enrollment of patients, and suitable patients may be difficult to identify and recruit. Patient enrollment in clinical trials and completion of patient participation and follow-up depends on many factors, including the size of the patient population, the nature of the trial protocol, the desirability of, or the discomforts and risks associated with, the treatments received by enrolled subjects, the availability of appropriate clinical trial investigators, support staff, and proximity of patients to clinical sites and ability to comply with the eligibility and exclusion criteria for participation in the clinical trial and patient compliance. For example, patients may be discouraged from enrolling in our clinical trials if the trial protocol requires them to undergo extensive post-treatment procedures or follow-up to assess the safety and effectiveness of our product or if they determine that the treatments received under the trial protocols are not desirable or involve unacceptable risk or discomfort.

 

Development of sufficient and appropriate clinical protocols to demonstrate safety and efficacy are required and we may not adequately develop such protocols to support clearance and approval. Further, the FDA may require us to submit data on a greater number of patients than we originally anticipated and/or for a longer follow-up period or change the data collection requirements or data analysis applicable to our clinical trials. Delays in patient enrollment or failure of patients to continue to participate in a clinical trial may cause an increase in costs and delays in the approval and attempted commercialization of our product or result in the failure of the clinical trial. In addition, despite considerable time and expense invested in clinical trials, the FDA may not consider our data adequate to demonstrate safety and efficacy. Such increased costs and delays or failures could adversely affect our business, operating results and prospects.

 

If the third parties on which we rely to conduct our clinical trials and to assist us with pre-clinical development do not perform as contractually required or expected, we may not be able to obtain the regulatory clearance or approval which would permit us to commercialize our products.

 

We do not have the ability to independently conduct the pre-clinical and clinical trials for our product, therefore we must rely on third parties, such as contract research organizations, medical institutions, clinical investigators and contract laboratories to conduct the trials. If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or regulatory obligations or meet expected deadlines, if these third parties need to be replaced, or if the quality or accuracy of the data they obtain is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our clinical protocols or regulatory requirements or for other reasons, our pre-clinical development activities or clinical trials may be extended, delayed, suspended or terminated, and we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for, or be able to successfully commercialize, our product on a timely basis, if at all. In that event, our business, operating results and prospects may be adversely affected.

 

The results of our clinical trials may not support our proposed product claims or may result in the discovery of adverse side effects. Furthermore, if the results of our OUS Clinical Trials are not positive, we may not receive further funding from our lender. Any of these events could have a material adverse impact on our business. 

 

Even if our clinical trials are completed as planned, it cannot be certain that the results of the clinical trials will support our proposed claims for the Viveve System, that the FDA or foreign authorities will agree with our conclusions regarding them or that even if our product receives regulatory approval or clearance, that it will not later result in adverse side effects that limit or prevent its use. Success in pre-clinical studies and early clinical trials does not ensure that later clinical trials will be successful, and we cannot be sure that the later trials will replicate the results of prior trials and pre-clinical studies. The clinical trial process may fail to demonstrate that our product is safe and effective for the proposed indicated uses. Any delay of our clinical trials or failure by the FDA or other foreign authorities to accept our product claims will delay, or even prevent, our ability to commercialize our product and generate revenues.           

  

 
37

 

 

Even if our product is approved by regulatory authorities, if we or our suppliers fail to comply with ongoing FDA or other foreign regulatory authority requirements, or if we experience unanticipated problems with our product, the product could be subject to restrictions or withdrawal from the market.

 

Any product for which we obtain clearance or approval, and the manufacturing processes, reporting requirements, post-approval clinical data and promotional activities for such product, will be subject to continued regulatory review, oversight and periodic inspections by the FDA and other domestic and foreign regulatory bodies, such as the Food and Drug Branch of the California Department of Health Services, or CDHS. In particular, we and our suppliers are required to comply with the FDA’s QSR, and International Standards Organization, or ISO, regulations for the manufacture of our product and other regulations which cover the methods and documentation of the design, testing, production, control, quality assurance, labeling, packaging, storage and shipping of any product for which we obtain clearance or approval. Regulatory bodies, such as the FDA, enforce the QSR and other regulations through periodic inspections. In the past, our facility has been inspected by the FDA and CDHS, and observations were noted. The FDA and CDHS have accepted our responses to these observations, and we believe that we are in substantial compliance with the QSR. Any future failure by us or one of our suppliers to comply with applicable statutes and regulations administered by the FDA and other regulatory bodies, or the failure to timely and adequately respond to any adverse inspectional observations or product safety issues, could result in, among other things, any of the following enforcement actions:

 

 

untitled letters, warning letters, fines, injunctions, consent decrees and civil penalties;

 

 

unanticipated expenditures to address or defend such actions

 

 

customer notifications for repair, replacement or refunds;

 

 

recall, detention or seizure of our products;

 

 

operating restrictions or partial suspension or total shutdown of production;

 

 

refusing or delaying our requests for 510(k) clearance or premarket approval of new products or modified products;

 

 

operating restrictions;

 

 

withdrawing 510(k) clearances on PMA approvals that have already been granted;

 

 

refusal to grant export approval for our product; or

 

 

criminal prosecution.

 

If any of these actions were to occur it would harm our reputation and cause our product sales to suffer and may prevent us from generating revenue. Furthermore, our third party manufacturers may not currently be, or may not continue to be, in compliance with all applicable regulatory requirements which could result in a failure to produce our product on a timely basis and in the required quantities, if at all.

 

Even if regulatory clearance or approval of a product is granted for the Viveve System or future products, such clearance or approval may be subject to limitations on the intended uses for which the product may be marketed and reduce our potential to successfully commercialize the product and generate revenue from the product. If the FDA determines that our promotional materials, labeling, training or other marketing or educational activities constitute promotion of an unapproved use, it could request that we cease or modify our training or promotional materials or subject us to regulatory enforcement actions. It is also possible that other federal, state or foreign enforcement authorities might take action if they consider our training or other promotional materials to constitute promotion of an unapproved use, which could result in significant fines or penalties under other statutory authorities, such as laws prohibiting false claims for reimbursement.

 

In addition, we may be required to conduct costly post-market testing and surveillance to monitor the safety or effectiveness of our products, and we must comply with medical device reporting requirements, including the reporting of adverse events and malfunctions related to our products. Later discovery of previously unknown problems with our products, including unanticipated adverse events or adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, manufacturing problems, or failure to comply with regulatory requirements such as QSR, may result in changes to labeling, restrictions on such products or manufacturing processes, withdrawal of the products from the market, voluntary or mandatory recalls, a requirement to repair, replace or refund the cost of any medical device we manufacture or distribute, fines, suspension of regulatory approvals, product seizures, injunctions or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties which would adversely affect our business, operating results and prospects.

 

The Viveve System may also be subject to state regulations which are, in many instances, in flux. Changes in state regulations may impede sales. For example, federal regulations may allow the Viveve System to be sold to, or on the order of, “licensed practitioners,” as determined on a state-by-state basis. As a result, in some states, non-physicians may legally purchase and operate the Viveve System. However, a state could change its regulations at any time, disallowing sales to particular types of end users. We cannot predict the impact or effect of future legislation or regulations at the federal or state levels.

  

 
38

 

 

If we or our third-party manufacturers fail to comply with the FDA’s QSR, our business would suffer.

 

We and our third-party manufacturers are required to demonstrate and maintain compliance with the FDA’s QSR. The QSR is a complex regulatory scheme that covers the methods and documentation of the design, testing, control, manufacturing, labeling, quality assurance, packaging, storage and shipping of our product. The FDA enforces the QSR through periodic unannounced inspections. We anticipate that in the future we will be subject to such inspections. Our failure, or the failure of our third-party manufacturers, to take satisfactory corrective action in response to an adverse QSR inspection could result in enforcement actions, including a public warning letter, a shutdown of our manufacturing operations, a recall of our product, civil or criminal penalties or other sanctions, which would cause our reputation, sales and business to suffer.

 

If our product causes or contributes to a death or a serious injury, or malfunctions in certain ways, we will be subject to medical device reporting regulations, which can result in voluntary corrective actions or agency enforcement actions.

 

Under the FDA medical device reporting regulations, medical device manufacturers are required to report to the FDA information that a device has or may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or has malfunctioned in a way that would likely cause or contribute to death or serious injury if the malfunction of the device were to recur. If we fail to report these events to the FDA within the required timeframes, or at all, the FDA could take enforcement action against us. Any such adverse event involving the Viveve System or future products could result in future voluntary corrective actions, such as recalls or customer notifications, or agency action, such as inspection or enforcement action. Any corrective action, whether voluntary or involuntary, as well as mounting a defense to a legal action, if one were to be brought, would require the dedication of our time and capital, distract management from operating our business, and may harm our reputation and financial results.

 

The Viveve System may, in the future, be subject to product recalls that could harm our reputation, business and financial results.

 

The FDA and similar foreign governmental authorities have the authority to require the recall of commercialized products in the event of material deficiencies or defects in design or manufacture. In the case of the FDA, the authority to require a recall must be based on an FDA finding that there is a reasonable probability that the device would cause serious injury or death. In addition, foreign governmental bodies have the authority to require the recall of our product in the event of material deficiencies or defects in design or manufacture. Manufacturers may, under their own initiative, recall a product if any material deficiency in a device is found. A government-mandated or voluntary recall by us or one of our distributors could occur as a result of component failures, manufacturing errors, design or labeling defects or other deficiencies and issues. A recall of our product would divert managerial and financial resources and have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. The FDA requires that certain classifications of recalls be reported to the FDA within 10 working days after the recall is initiated. Companies are required to maintain certain records of recalls, even if they are not reportable to the FDA. In the future, we may initiate one or more voluntary recalls involving our product that we determine do not require notification to the FDA. If the FDA disagrees with our determinations, they could require us to report those actions as recalls. A future recall announcement could harm our reputation with customers and negatively affect our sales. In addition, the FDA could take enforcement action for failing to report the recalls when they were conducted.

 

We are subject to regulation by various federal, state and foreign agencies that require us to comply with a wide variety of regulations, including those regarding the manufacture of products, and the shipping of products.

 

We are subject to federal, state, local and international laws and regulations that govern the handling, transportation, manufacture, use or sale of substances that are or could be classified as toxic or hazardous substances. These regulations govern a wide variety of product activities, including labeling, manufacturing, promotion, sales and distribution. If we fail to comply with these regulations, we may have to cease products’ manufacture and distribution, which would increase our costs and reduce revenues.

 

Federal and state regulatory reforms may adversely affect our ability to sell our product profitably.

 

From time to time, legislation is drafted and introduced in Congress that could significantly change the statutory provisions governing the clearance or approval, manufacture and marketing of a medical device. In addition, FDA regulations and guidance are often revised or reinterpreted by the agency in ways that may significantly affect our business and our product. It is impossible to predict whether legislative changes will be enacted or FDA regulations, guidance or interpretations changed, and what the impact of such changes, if any, may be.

  

 
39

 

 

For example, in August 2010, the FDA issued its preliminary recommendations on reform of the 510(k) premarket notification process for medical devices. On January 19, 2011, the FDA announced its “Plan of Action” for implementing these recommendations. The Plan of Action included 25 action items, including revising existing guidance or developing guidance to clarify various aspects of the 510(k) process and to streamline the review process for innovative, lower risk products (the “de novo” process); improving training for the Center for Devices and Radiological Health staff; increasing reliance on external experts; and addressing and improving internal processes. The FDA has already begun implementing many of these reforms, and may implement other reforms in the future. Future reforms could have the effect of making it more difficult and expensive for us to obtain 510(k) clearance.

 

In addition, a state could change its regulations at any time, disallowing sales to particular types of end users. We cannot predict the impact or effect of future legislation or regulations at the federal or state levels.

 

Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar laws associated with our activities outside the U.S. could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.

 

A significant portion of our revenues is and will be from jurisdictions outside of the U.S. We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or the FCPA, which generally prohibits U.S. companies and their intermediaries from making payments to foreign officials for the purpose of directing, obtaining or keeping business, and requires companies to maintain reasonable books and records and a system of internal accounting controls. The FCPA applies to companies and individuals alike, including company directors, officers, employees and agents. Under the FCPA, U.S. companies may be held liable for the corrupt actions taken by employees, strategic or local partners or other representatives. In addition, the government may seek to rely on a theory of successor liability and hold us responsible for FCPA violations committed by companies or associated with assets which we acquire.

 

In many foreign countries where we operate, particularly in countries with developing economies, it may be a local custom for businesses to engage in practices that are prohibited by the FCPA or other similar laws and regulations. In contrast, we have implemented a company policy requiring our employees and consultants to comply with the FCPA and similar laws. Although we have not conducted formal FCPA compliance training, we are in the process of devising a training schedule for certain of our employees, agents and partners. Nevertheless, there can be no assurance that our employees, partners and agents, as well as those companies to which we outsource certain of our business operations, will not take actions in violation of the FCPA or our policies for which we may be ultimately held responsible. As a result of our anticipated growth, our development of infrastructure designed to identify FCPA matters and monitor compliance is at an early stage. If we or our intermediaries fail to comply with the requirements of the FCPA or similar legislation, governmental authorities in the U.S. and elsewhere could seek to impose civil and/or criminal fines and penalties which could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, operating results and financial conditions. We may also face collateral consequences, such as debarment and the loss of our export privileges. 

 

Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property

 

Intellectual property rights may not provide adequate protection for the Viveve System, which may permit third parties to compete against us more effectively.

 

We rely on patent, copyright, trade secret and trademark laws and confidentiality agreements to protect our technology and the Viveve System. We have an exclusive license to 8 issued U.S. patents primarily covering the Viveve System and methods of use – 2 of which expired in 2015. The remaining 6 licensed patents expire between 2016 and 2017. We also have 1 issued patent in the U.S. covering the Viveve System and its method of use, which was recently issued in February 2015. Additionally, we have 2 pending U.S. patent applications; 12 issued foreign patents; and 17 pending foreign patent applications, some of which foreign applications preserve an opportunity to pursue patent rights in multiple countries. Some of the Viveve System components are not, and in the future may not be, protected by patents. Additionally, our patent applications may not issue as patents or, if issued, may not issue in a form that will be advantageous to us. Any patents we obtain may be challenged, invalidated or legally circumvented by third parties. Consequently, competitors could market products and use manufacturing processes that are substantially similar to, or superior to, ours. We may not be able to prevent the unauthorized disclosure or use of our technical knowledge or other trade secrets by consultants, vendors, former employees or current employees, despite the existence generally of confidentiality agreements and other contractual restrictions. Monitoring unauthorized uses and disclosures of our intellectual property is difficult, and we do not know whether the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property will be effective. Moreover, we do not have patent rights in all foreign countries in which a market may exist, and where we have applied for foreign patent rights, the laws of many foreign countries may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the U.S.

 

In addition, competitors could purchase the Viveve System and attempt to replicate some or all of the competitive advantages we derive from our development efforts, willfully infringe our intellectual property rights, design around our protected technology or develop their own competitive technologies that fall outside of our intellectual property rights. If our intellectual property is not adequately protected so as to defend our market against competitors’ products and methods, our competitive position and business could be adversely affected.

  

 
40

 

 

We may be involved in future costly intellectual property litigation, which could impact our future business and financial performance.

 

Our industry has been characterized by frequent intellectual property litigation. Our competitors or other patent holders may assert that the Viveve System and the methods we employ are covered by their patents. If the Viveve System or methods are found to infringe, we could be prevented from marketing the Viveve System. In addition, we do not know whether our competitors or potential competitors have applied for, or will apply for or obtain, patents that will prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make, use, sell, import or export the Viveve System. We may also initiate litigation against third parties to protect our intellectual property that may be expensive, protracted or unsuccessful. In the future there may be companies that market products for competing purposes in direct challenge to our intellectual property position, and we may be required to initiate litigation in order to stop them. If we initiate litigation to protect our rights, we run the risk of having our patents invalidated, which would undermine our competitive position.

 

Litigation related to infringement and other intellectual property claims, with or without merit, is unpredictable, can be expensive and time-consuming and could divert management’s attention from our business. If we lose this kind of litigation, a court could require us to pay substantial damages, and prohibit us from using technologies essential to the Viveve System, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In that event, we do not know whether necessary licenses would be available to us on satisfactory terms, or whether we could redesign the Viveve System or processes to avoid infringement.

 

Competing products may also appear in other countries in which our patent coverage might not exist or be as strong. If we lose a foreign patent lawsuit, we could be prevented from marketing the Viveve System in one or more countries.

 

In addition, we may hereafter become involved in litigation to protect our trademark rights associated with our name or the names used with the Viveve System. Names used with the Viveve System and procedures may be claimed to infringe names held by others or to be ineligible for proprietary protection. If we have to change the name of the company or the Viveve System, we may experience a loss in goodwill associated with our brand name, customer confusion and a loss of sales.

 

Risks Related to our Securities

 

Public company compliance may make it more difficult to attract and retain officers and directors.

 

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and rules implemented by the Commission have required changes in corporate governance practices of public companies. As a public company, these rules and regulations increase our compliance costs and make certain activities more time consuming and costly. These rules and regulations may also make it more difficult and expensive for us to maintain our director and officer liability insurance and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers, and to maintain insurance at reasonable rates, or at all.

 

We may not be able to timely and effectively implement controls and procedures required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

We are subject to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The standards required for a public company under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are significantly more stringent than those required of us prior to the Merger. Management may not be able to effectively and timely implement controls and procedures that adequately respond to the increased regulatory compliance and reporting requirements that are applicable to us as a result of the Merger. If we are not able to implement the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, we may not be able to assess whether our internal controls over financial reporting are effective, which may subject us to adverse regulatory consequences and could harm investor confidence and the market price of our common stock.

 

 

Concentration of ownership of our common stock may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control.

 

Our officers and directors collectively beneficially own approximately 39.8% of our outstanding common stock. Additionally, Stonepine Capital, L.P. owns approximately 30.3% of our outstanding common stock. As a result, these stockholders, if they act together, will be able to control the management and affairs of our company and most matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control and might adversely affect the market price of our common stock. This concentration of ownership may not be in the best interests of our other stockholders.

  

 
41

 

 

We are a holding company with no business operations of our own and we depend on cash flow from Viveve, Inc. to meet our obligations.

 

As a result of the Merger, we are a holding company with no business operations of our own or material assets other than the stock we own in Viveve. All of our operations are conducted by Viveve. As a holding company, we will require dividends and other payments from our subsidiary to meet cash requirements. The terms of any agreements governing indebtedness that we may enter into may restrict our subsidiary from paying dividends and otherwise transferring cash or other assets to us. If there is an insolvency, liquidation or other reorganization of our subsidiary, our stockholders likely will have no right to proceed against its assets. Creditors of our subsidiary will be entitled to payment in full from the sale or other disposal of the assets of our subsidiary before we, as an equity holder, would be entitled to receive any distribution from that sale or disposal. If Viveve is unable to pay dividends or make other payments to us when needed, we will be unable to satisfy our obligations.

 

Because we are incorporated in Canada, you may not be able to enforce judgments against us and our Canadian directors.

 

Under Canadian law, you may not be able to enforce a judgment issued by courts in the U.S. against us or our Canadian directors. The status of the law in Canada is unclear as to whether a U.S. citizen can enforce a judgment from a U.S. court in Canada for violations of U.S. securities laws. A separate suit may need to be brought directly in Canada.

 

Our stock price may be volatile.

 

The market price of our common stock is likely to be highly volatile and could fluctuate widely in price in response to various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including the following:

 

 

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly financial results or the quarterly financial results of companies perceived to be similar to us;

 

 

changes in the market’s expectations about our operating results;

 

 

success of competitors;

 

 

our operating results failing to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors in a particular period;

 

 

changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts concerning our business, the market for our products, the health services industry, or the healthcare and health insurance industries in general;

 

 

operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to us;

 

 

our ability to market new and enhanced products on a timely basis;

 

 

changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;

 

 

commencement of, or involvement in, litigation involving us;

 

 

changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of debt;

 

 

the volume of shares of our common stock available for public sale;

 

 

any major change in our board of directors or management;

 

 

 

sales of substantial amounts of common stock by our directors, executive officers or significant stockholders or the perception that such sales could occur; and

 

 

general economic and political conditions such as recessions, fluctuations in interest rates and international currency fluctuations.

  

 
42

 

 

In addition, the securities markets have from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

Our shares of common stock are thinly traded, the price may not reflect our value, and there can be no assurance that there will be an active market for our shares of common stock either now or in the future.

 

Our shares of common stock are thinly trade and the price may not reflect our actual or perceived value. There can be no assurance that there will be an active market for our shares of common stock either now or in the future. The market liquidity will be dependent on the perception of our operating business, among other things. We will take certain steps including utilizing investor awareness campaigns, investor relations firms, press releases, road shows and conferences to increase awareness of our business. Any steps that we might take to bring us to the awareness of investors may require that we compensate consultants with cash and/or stock. There can be no assurance that there will be any awareness generated or the results of any efforts will result in any impact on our trading volume. Consequently, investors may not be able to liquidate their investment or liquidate it at a price that reflects the value of the business, and trading may be at a depressed price relative to the performance of the Company due to, among other things, the availability of sellers of our shares. If an active market should develop, the price may be highly volatile. Because there is currently a relatively low per-share price for our common stock, many brokerage firms or clearing firms are not willing to effect transactions in the securities or accept our shares for deposit in an account. Many lending institutions will not permit the use of low priced shares of common stock as collateral for any loans.

 

Offers or availability for sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock may cause the price of our common stock to decline.

 

If our stockholders sell substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market upon the expiration of any statutory holding period under Rule 144, or shares issued upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants, it could create a circumstance commonly referred to as an “overhang” and, in anticipation of which, the market price of our common stock could fall. The existence of an overhang, whether or not sales have occurred or are occurring, also could make more difficult our ability to raise additional financing through the sale of equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we deem reasonable or appropriate.

 

In general, under Rule 144, a non-affiliated person who has held restricted shares of our common stock for a period of six months may sell into the market all of their shares, subject to the Company being current in our periodic reports filed with the Commission.

 

As of June 30, 2015, approximately 43,839,364 shares of common stock may be publicly resold pursuant to the registration statements on Form S-1 (File Nos. 333-200458 and 333-204981), which have been declared effective by the Commission.. Additionally, approximately 3,743,282 shares of common stock that have not been registered may be resold pursuant to Rule 144. The remaining shares of the 51,339,764 shares issued and outstanding may be eligible for resale or have been resold pursuant to Rule 144 or an effective registration statement at the time of such sale.

 

In addition, as of June 30, 2015, there were 2,864,823 shares subject to outstanding warrants, 3,005,783 shares subject to outstanding options and an additional 127,739 shares reserved for future issuance under our 2013 Employee Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended, that will become eligible for sale in the public market to the extent permitted by any applicable vesting requirements and Rule 144 under the Securities Act.

 

We do not expect to declare or pay dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and have no plans to do so in the foreseeable future. We intend to retain any earnings to develop, carry on, and expand our business.

  

 
43

 

 

Penny stock rules may make buying or selling our common stock difficult, and severely limit its marketability and liquidity.

 

Because our securities are considered a penny stock, stockholders will be more limited in their ability to sell their shares. The Commission has adopted rules that regulate broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions in penny stocks. Penny stocks are generally equity securities with a price of less than $5.00, other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on the NASDAQ system, provided that current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or quotation system. Because our securities constitute “penny stocks” within the meaning of the rules, the rules apply to us and to our securities. The rules may further affect the ability of owners of shares to sell our securities in any market that might develop for them. As long as the trading price of our common shares is less than $5.00 per share, the common shares will be subject to Rule 15g-9 under the Exchange Act. The penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a penny stock, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document prepared by the Commission, that:

 

 

contains a description of the nature and level of risk in the market for penny stocks in both public offerings and secondary trading;

 

 

contains a description of the broker’s or dealer’s duties to the customer and of the rights and remedies available to the customer with respect to a violation to such duties or other requirements of securities laws;

 

 

contains a brief, clear, narrative description of a dealer market, including bid and ask prices for penny stocks and the significance of the spread between the bid and ask price;

 

 

contains a toll-free telephone number for inquiries on disciplinary actions;

 

 

defines significant terms in the disclosure document or in the conduct of trading in penny stocks; and

 

 

contains such other information and is in such form, including language, type, size and format, as the SEC shall require by rule or regulation.

 

Prior to effecting any transaction in a penny stock, the broker-dealer also must provide the customer with: (a) bid and offer quotations for the penny stock; (b) the compensation of the broker-dealer and its salesperson in the transaction; (c) the number of shares to which such bid and ask prices apply, or other comparable information relating to the depth and liquidity of the market for such shares; and (d) a monthly account statement showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customer’s account. In addition, the penny stock rules require that prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules; the broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written acknowledgment of the receipt of a risk disclosure statement, a written agreement to transactions involving penny stocks, and a signed and dated copy of a written suitably statement. These disclosure requirements may have the effect of reducing the trading activity in the secondary market for our shares.

 

Item 2.        Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use Of Proceeds.

 

On May 12, 2015, we issued James Atkinson, our Chief Business Officer, and a third-party consultant each a ten-year warrant to purchase up to 217,333 shares of common stock and 72,094 shares of common stock, respectively, at an exercise price of $0.53 per share in exchange for services rendered.

 

On May 14, 2015, we issued a ten-year warrant to Square 1 Bank for the purchase of a total of 25,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.37 per share.

 

On May 17, 2015, we issued a consultant a five-year warrant to purchase up to 172,675 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.53 per share in connection with deferred cash consulting compensation.

 

The securities described above were issued in transactions that were exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act inasmuch as the securities were offered and sold to our employees and/or accredited investors and we did not engage in any form of general solicitation or general advertising in making the offerings.

 

May 2015 Offering

 

On May 14, 2015, we completed the May 2015 Offering, pursuant to which we issued 32,432,432 shares of common stock, no par value (the “Shares”), for gross proceeds of approximately $12,000,000 to twenty (20) accredited investors (the “Purchasers”) pursuant to the terms of a Securities Purchase Agreement, by and among the Company and the Purchasers, dated as of May 12, 2015 (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”). The placement agent received cash commissions equal to approximately $840,000 representing 7% of the gross proceeds received from the May 2015 Offering. The net proceeds to the company after the deduction placement agent commissions and other expenses were approximately $11,040,000.

 

In connection with the May 2015 Offering, the Company entered into a registration rights agreement with the Purchasers pursuant to which the Company agreed to register the Shares on a registration statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Registration Statement”) within forty-five (45) days after the closing of the May 2015 Offering (the “Filing Date”) and use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Registration Statement to be declared effective within ninety (90) days after the Filing Date (the “Effectiveness Date”). The Registration Statement was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 26, 2015. If the Company allows certain lapses in effectiveness (each an “Event”), the Company is obligated to pay to the Purchasers liquidated damages equal to 1.5% of the original subscription amount paid by the Purchasers upon the occurrence of an Event and for every thirty (30) days after the occurrence of an Event until cured. In addition, the Company entered into a letter agreement with the lead investor Stonepine Capital, L.P. (“Stonepine”) pursuant to which Stonepine received the right to designate one director to the board for so long as it owns at least 15% of the outstanding common stock of the Company.

 

 
44 

 

 

 

The Shares were issued in reliance upon an exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder. In determining that the issuance of the Shares qualified for an exemption under Rule 506 of Regulation D, the Company relied on the following facts: (i) all of the Purchasers were accredited investors, as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act and (ii) the Company did not use any form of general solicitation or advertising to offer the Shares.

 

The foregoing summary of the transactions contemplated by the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the Letter Agreement do not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the full text of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the Letter Agreement, which are incorporated by reference into this Form 10-Q as Exhibits 10.6, 10.7and 10.8.

 

 Item 3.       Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

 

Not applicable.      

 

Item 4.      Mine Safety Disclosures.

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 5.      Other Information.

 

 None.

 

 
45

 

 

Item 6.      Exhibits.

 

Exhibit
Number

 

Document

4.1

  

First Amendment to Warrant to Purchase Stock, dated February 19, 2015, between Viveve, Inc. and Square 1 Bank. (1)

 

 

 

4.2

 

Warrant to Purchase Common Stock, dated May 14, 2015, between Viveve Medical, Inc. and Square 1 Bank. (2)

 

 

 

4.3

 

Amended and Restated Warrant to Purchase Stock, dated May 14, 2015. (2)

  

  

  

10.1

 

First Amendment to Lease Agreement, dated January 2015. (2)

 

 

 

10.2

  

First Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated February 19, 2015 between Viveve, Inc. and Square 1 Bank. (1)

  

  

  

10.3

  

Second Amendment to Loan & Security Agreement, dated May 14, 2015 between Viveve, Inc, and Square 1 Bank. (2)

 

 

 

10.4

 

Amended and Restated Warrant to Purchase Stock, dated May 14, 2015, between Viveve Medical, Inc. and Square 1 Financial, Inc. (2)

  

  

  

10.5

  

First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement, dated February 19, 2015. (1)

 

 

 

10.6

 

Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated May 12, 2015, by and between Viveve Medical, Inc, and the Purchasers. (2)

 

 

 

10.7

 

Form of Registration Rights Agreement, dated May 12, 2015, by and between Viveve Medical, Inc. and the Purchasers. (2)

 

 

 

10.8

 

Letter Agreement by and between Viveve Medical, Inc. and Stonepine Capital, L.P. (2)

  

  

  

31.1*

  

Certification of the Company’s Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

  

  

  

31.2*

  

Certification of the Company’s Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

  

  

  

32.1#

  

Certification of the Company’s Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

  

  

  

32.2#

  

Certification of the Company’s Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

  

  

  

101 .INS* 

 

XBRL Instance Document 

  

  

  

101.SCH*

  

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

  

  

  

101.CAL*

  

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

  

  

  

101.DEF*

  

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

  

  

  

101.LAB*

  

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

  

  

  

101.PRE*

  

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

 

   * Filed herewith.

# This certification is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

 

 

(1)

Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 25, 2015.

 

(2)

Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 15, 2015.

 

 
46

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

Dated:  August 14, 2015

VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.

  

(Registrant)

  

  

  

By:

/s/ Patricia Scheller

  

  

Patricia Scheller

  

  

Chief Executive Officer

Principal Executive Officer

  

  

  

  

By:

/s/ Scott Durbin

  

  

Scott Durbin

  

  

Chief Financial Officer

Principal Financial and Accounting Officer

 

 

47