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Exhibit 99.01

MODEL N ANNOUNCES THIRD QUARTER

FISCAL YEAR 2015 FINANCIAL RESULTS

Redwood City, CA – Model N, Inc., (NYSE: MODN), the leader in Revenue Management Cloud solutions to the life science and technology industries, today announced financial results for the third quarter of fiscal year 2015, which ended June 30, 2015.

“Model N executed extremely well in the third quarter of fiscal year 2015 putting ourselves in position to leverage an environment of improved demand. We believe the market will soon reach two important tipping points. First, revenue management is now perceived as mission critical, and secondly, cloud-based solutions are commonly being leveraged even in highly regulated industries,” said Zack Rinat, Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer at Model N. “Consequently, we are seeing an increasing contribution to our revenues from our cloud-based solutions. Our third quarter results are strong testaments to the Model N vision of revenue management, the robust market for revenue management, and our strategy to concurrently drive growth and to transform our business to SaaS and recurring revenues.”

Third Quarter Fiscal 2015 Financial Highlights:

 

    Revenues: Total revenues were $23.6 million, compared to $19.3 million for the third quarter of fiscal 2014. SaaS and maintenance revenues were $15.3 million, or 65% of total revenues, compared to $11.2 million, or 58% of total revenues, in the third quarter of fiscal 2014.

 

    Gross Profit: Gross profit was $12.7 million, compared to $10.2 million for the third quarter of fiscal 2014. Gross margins were 54%, compared to 53% for the third quarter of fiscal 2014. Non-GAAP gross profit was $13.1 million, compared to $10.6 million for the third quarter of fiscal 2014. Non-GAAP gross margins were 56%, compared to 55% for the third quarter of fiscal 2014.

 

    Loss from operations: GAAP loss from operations was $(5.7) million, compared to a loss from operations of $(6.7) million for the third quarter of fiscal 2014. Non-GAAP loss from operations was $(2.1) million, compared to a Non-GAAP loss from operations of $(3.9) million for the third quarter of fiscal 2014.

 

    Net loss: GAAP net loss was $(5.8) million, compared to net loss of $(6.8) million for the third quarter of fiscal 2014. GAAP basic and diluted net loss per share attributed to common stockholders was $(0.22) based upon weighted average shares outstanding of 26.3 million, as compared to net loss per share of $(0.27) for the third quarter of fiscal 2014 based upon weighted average shares outstanding of 24.8 million.

 

    Non-GAAP net loss: Non-GAAP net loss was $(2.1) million, as compared to Non-GAAP net loss of $(4.0) million for the third quarter of fiscal 2014. Non-GAAP net loss per share was $(0.08) based upon weighted average shares outstanding of 26.3 million, as compared to Non-GAAP net loss per share of $(0.16) for the third quarter of fiscal 2014 based upon weighted average shares outstanding of 24.8 million.

 

    Adjusted EBITDA: Adjusted EBITDA was $(1.0) million, compared to $(3.1) million for the third quarter of fiscal 2014.


Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures has been provided in the financial tables included in this press release.

Guidance:

As of August 10, 2015, we are providing guidance for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 and the full fiscal year ending September 30, 2015.

Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2015 Guidance:

 

    Total revenues are expected to be in the range from $24.6 million to $24.9 million,

 

    Non-GAAP loss from operations is expected to be in the range of ($2.3) million to ($2.1) million,

 

    Non-GAAP net loss per share is expected to be in the range of ($0.09) to ($0.08) based upon weighted average shares outstanding of 26.5 million shares.

Fiscal Year 2015 Guidance:

 

    Total revenues are expected to be in the range from $92.9 million to $93.2 million,

 

    Non-GAAP loss from operations is expected to be in the range of ($7.6) million to ($7.3) million,

 

    Non-GAAP net loss per share is expected to be in the range of ($0.29) to ($0.28) based upon weighted average shares outstanding of 25.9 million shares.

Quarterly Results Conference Call

Model N will host a conference call today at 2:00 PM Pacific Time (5:00 PM Eastern Time) to review the company’s financial results for the third quarter of fiscal year 2015, which ended June 30, 2015. To access the call, please dial (877) 705-6003 in the U.S. or (201) 493-6725 internationally. Passcode is 13614108. A live webcast of the conference will be accessible from Model N’s website at: http://investor.modeln.com. Following the completion of the call, a recording will be available for one year for replay at: http://investor.modeln.com and a telephone replay will be available through 11:59 p.m. ET on August 17, 2015 by dialing (877) 870-5176 in the U.S. or (858) 384-5517 internationally with recording access code 13614108.

About Model N

Model N is the leader in Revenue Management Cloud solutions. Model N helps its customers maximize their revenues by maximizing sell time, revenues per opportunity and number of opportunities. Model N Cloud solutions manage every dollar that impacts the customer’s top line and transform the revenue lifecycle from a series of disjointed operations into a strategic end-to-end process. With deep industry expertise, Model N supports the unique business needs of life science and technology companies across more than 100 countries. Global customers include: Actavis, Allergan, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Fairchild, Intel, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, Maxim, Micron, Microsoft Mobile, STMicroelectronics, Stryker and VMware. Learn more at: http://www.modeln.com. Model N is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol MODN.


Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements including, among other things, statements regarding Model N’s fourth quarter and full year fiscal year 2015 revenue and other financial results. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. If the risks materialize or assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. Risks include, but are not limited to: (i) delays in closing customer contracts; (ii) our ability to improve and sustain our sales execution; (iii) the timing of new orders and the associated revenue recognition; (iv) adverse changes in general economic or market conditions; (v) delays or reductions in information technology spending and resulting variability in customer orders from quarter to quarter; (vi) competitive factors, including but not limited to pricing pressures, industry consolidation, entry of new competitors and new applications and marketing initiatives by our competitors; (vii) our ability to manage our growth effectively; (viii) acceptance of our applications and services by customers; (ix) success of new products; (x) the risk that the strategic initiatives that we may pursue will not result in significant future revenues; and (xi) our ability to retain customers. Further information on risks that could affect Model N’s results is included in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q and our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2014, and any current reports on Form 8-K that we may file from time to time. Should any of these risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results could differ materially from expectations. Model N assumes no obligation to, and does not currently intend to, update any such forward-looking statements after the date of this release.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We have provided in this release financial information that has not been prepared in accordance with accounting standards generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). We use these non-GAAP financial measures internally in analyzing our financial results and believe they are useful to investors, as a supplement to GAAP measures, in evaluating our ongoing operational performance. We believe that the use of these non-GAAP financial measures provides an additional tool for investors to use in evaluating ongoing operating results and trends and in comparing our financial results with other companies in our industry, many of which present similar non-GAAP financial measures to investors.

Non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. Investors are encouraged to review the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures below. A reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measures has been provided in the financial statement tables included below in this press release.

Our reported results include certain non-GAAP financial measures, including non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP loss from operations, non-GAAP net loss, non-GAAP net (loss) income per share, and adjusted EBITDA. Non-GAAP gross profit excludes stock-based compensation expense, LeapFrogRX compensation charges and amortization of intangible assets. Non-GAAP loss from operations and non-GAAP net loss exclude stock-based compensation expense, LeapFrogRX compensation charges, amortization of intangible assets, certain legal expenses and restructuring charges as they are often excluded by other companies to help investors understand the operational performance of their business and, in the case of stock-based compensation, can be difficult to predict. In addition, stock-based compensation expense varies from period to period and company to company due to such things as differing valuation methodologies and changes in stock price. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net loss, adjusted for LeapFrogRX compensation charges, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, certain legal expenses, restructuring charges, interest income and other expenses, net, and provision for income taxes. Reconciliation tables are provided in this press release.


Investor Relations Contact:

ICR for Model N

Sheila Ennis, 650-610-4998

investorrelations@modeln.com

Media Contact:

Grayling for Model N

Erin Lumley, 925-899-1355

erin.lumley@grayling.com


Model N Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(dollars in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     As of     As of  
     June 30,     September 30,  
     2015     2014  

Assets

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 93,811     $ 101,006   

Accounts receivable, net

     20,853       15,203   

Deferred cost of implementation services, current portion

     504       251   

Prepaid expenses

     2,716       2,092   

Other current assets

     121       322   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     118,005       118,874   

Property and equipment, net

     7,657       6,889   

Goodwill

     1,509       1,509   

Intangible assets, net

     378       587   

Other assets

     1,790       1,272   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 129,339     $ 129,131   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

    

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 3,405     $ 1,369   

Accrued employee compensation

     9,051       9,194   

Accrued liabilities

     3,611       1,998   

Deferred revenue, current portion

     26,344       23,943   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     42,411       36,504   

Long-term liabilities:

    

Deferred revenue, net of current portion

     1,907       2,585   

Other long-term liabilities

     993       1,078   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term liabilities

     2,900       3,663   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     45,311       40,167   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Common Stock

     4       4   

Preferred Stock

     —          —     

Additional paid-in capital

     182,067       172,245   

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (363 )     (289

Accumulated deficit

     (97,680 )     (82,996
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

     84,028       88,964   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 129,339     $ 129,131   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 


Model N Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
     2015     2014     2015     2014  

Revenues:

        

License and implementation

   $ 8,359     $ 8,073     $ 27,781      $ 27,449  

SaaS and maintenance

     15,251       11,196       40,606        34,029  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenues

     23,610       19,269       68,387        61,478  

Cost of Revenues:

        

License and implementation

     4,020       3,812       11,806        12,955  

SaaS and maintenance

     6,928       5,302       18,228        15,917  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues

     10,948       9,114       30,034        28,872  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

     12,662       10,155       38,353        32,606  

Operating Expenses:

        

Research and development

     4,438       4,814       13,178        14,362  

Sales and marketing

     7,657       6,664       22,254        18,293  

General and administrative

     6,267       5,403       17,145        14,518  

Restructuring

     —          (43 )     —          26  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     18,362       16,838       52,577        47,199  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss from operations

     (5,700 )     (6,683 )     (14,224     (14,593 )

Interest income, net

     —          (3 )     (6     (10 )

Other expenses, net

     6       24       59        111  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before income taxes

     (5,706 )     (6,704 )     (14,277     (14,694 )

Provision for income taxes

     80       96       407        261  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss

   $ (5,786 )   $ (6,800 )   $ (14,684   $ (14,955 )
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:

        

Basic and diluted

   $ (0.22 )   $ (0.27 )   $ (0.57   $ (0.62 )
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average number of shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:

        

Basic and diluted

     26,317       24,794       25,837        24,214  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 


Model N Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(dollars in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     Nine months ended June 30,  
     2015     2014  

Cash Flows From Operating Activities:

    

Net loss

   $ (14,684 )   $ (14,955 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities

    

Depreciation and amortization

     2,787       2,543  

Amortization of intangible assets

     209       248  

Stock-based compensation

     7,412       7,450  

Other non cash charges, net

     187       29  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts receivable

     (5,667 )     (1,806 )

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     (753 )     128  

Deferred cost of implementation services

     (436 )     265  

Accounts payable

     2,174       (212 )

Accrued employee compensation

     (73 )     (2,342 )

Other accrued and long-term liabilities

     1,278       (906 )

Deferred revenue

     1,723       6,106  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in operating activities

     (5,843 )     (3,452 )
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash Flows From Investing Activities:

    

Purchases of property and equipment, net

     (1,748 )     (1,503 )

Capitalization of software development costs

     (1,883 )     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

     (3,631 )     (1,503 )
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash Flows From Financing Activities:

    

Proceeds from exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan

     2,300       5,049  

Payments for deferred offering costs

     —          (6 )

Principal payments on capital lease obligations

     —          (292 )
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

     2,300       4,751  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     (21 )     24  

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

     (7,195 )     (180 )

Cash and cash equivalents

    

Beginning of period

     101,006       103,350  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

End of period

   $ 93,811     $ 103,170  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 


Model N Inc.

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Operating Results

(dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

    Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
    2015     2014     2015     2014  

Reconciliation from GAAP net loss to adjusted EBITDA:

       

GAAP net loss:

  $ (5,786 )   $ (6,800   $ (14,684   $ (14,955

Reversal of non-GAAP items:

       

Stock-based compensation expense

    2,736       2,662        7,412        7,450   

Depreciation and amortization

    1,113       912        2,996        2,791   

LeapFrogRx compensation charges

    —          80        91        381   

Legal expenses

    853       —          1,095        —     

Restructuring

    —          (43     —          26   

Interest income, net

    —          (3     (6     (10

Other expenses, net

    6       24        59        111   

Provision for income taxes

    80       96        407        261   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ (998 )   $ (3,072   $ (2,630   $ (3,945
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
    2015     2014     2015     2014  

Reconciliation from GAAP gross profit to non-GAAP gross profit:

       

GAAP gross profit:

  $ 12,662     $ 10,155      $ 38,353      $ 32,606   

Reversal of non-GAAP expenses:

       

Stock-based compensation (a)

    397       373        1,077        1,328   

Amortization of intangible assets (b)

    61       61        183        182   

LeapFrogRx compensation charges (c)

    —          50        57        238   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-GAAP gross profit

  $ 13,120     $ 10,639      $ 39,670      $ 34,354   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Percentage of revenue

    55.6     55.2     58.0     55.9
    Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
    2015     2014     2015     2014  

Reconciliation from GAAP gross profit to non-GAAP gross profit:

       

for license and implementation:

       

GAAP gross profit - license and implementation:

  $ 4,339     $ 4,261      $ 15,975      $ 14,494   

Reversal of non-GAAP expenses:

       

Stock-based compensation (a)

    189       206        493        752   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-GAAP gross profit - license and implementation

  $ 4,528     $ 4,467      $ 16,468      $ 15,246   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Percentage of revenue

    54.2     55.3     59.3     55.5
    Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
    2015     2014     2015     2014  

Reconciliation from GAAP gross profit to non-GAAP gross profit:

       

for SaaS and maintenance:

       

GAAP gross profit - SaaS and maintenance:

  $ 8,323     $ 5,894      $ 22,378      $ 18,112   

Reversal of non-GAAP expenses:

       

Stock-based compensation (a)

    208       167        584        576   

Amortization of intangible assets (b)

    61       61        183        182   

LeapFrogRx compensation charges (c)

    —          50        57        238   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-GAAP gross profit - SaaS and maintenance

  $ 8,592     $ 6,172      $ 23,202      $ 19,108   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Percentage of revenue

    56.3     55.1     57.1     56.2
    Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
    2015     2014     2015     2014  

Reconciliation from GAAP research and development to non-GAAP research and development:

       

GAAP research and development

  $ 4,438     $ 4,814      $ 13,178      $ 14,362   

Reversal of non-GAAP expenses:

       

Stock-based compensation (a)

    (353 )     (310     (947     (972

LeapFrogRx compensation charges (c)

    —          (1     (1     (10
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-GAAP research and development

  $ 4,085     $ 4,503      $ 12,230      $ 13,380   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
    2015     2014     2015     2014  

Reconciliation from GAAP sales and marketing to non-GAAP sales and marketing:

       

GAAP sales and marketing

  $ 7,657     $ 6,664      $ 22,254      $ 18,293   

Reversal of non-GAAP expenses:

       

Stock-based compensation (a)

    (899 )     (721     (2,273     (1,931

Amortization of intangible assets (b)

    —          (22     (26     (66

LeapFrogRx compensation charges (c)

    —          (11     (13     (65
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-GAAP sales and marketing

  $ 6,758     $ 5,910      $ 19,942      $ 16,231   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
    2015     2014     2015     2014  

Reconciliation from GAAP general and administrative to non-GAAP general and administrative:

       

GAAP general and administrative

  $ 6,267     $ 5,403      $ 17,145      $ 14,518   

Reversal of non-GAAP expenses:

       

Stock-based compensation (a)

    (1,087 )     (1,258     (3,115     (3,219

LeapFrogRx compensation charges (c)

    —          (18     (20     (68

Legal expenses (e)

    (853 )     —          (1,095     —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-GAAP general and administrative

  $ 4,327      $ 4,127      $ 12,915      $ 11,231   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 


     Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
     2015     2014     2015     2014  

Reconciliation from GAAP loss from operations to non-GAAP loss from operations:

        

GAAP net loss from operations:

   $ (5,700   $ (6,683   $ (14,224   $ (14,593

Reversal of non-GAAP expenses:

        

Stock-based compensation (a)

     2,736        2,662        7,412        7,450   

Amortization of intangible assets (b)

     61        83        209        248   

LeapFrogRx compensation charges (c)

     —          80        91        381   

Restructuring (d)

     —          (43     —          26   

Legal expenses (e)

     853        —          1,095        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-GAAP loss from operations

   $ (2,050   $ (3,901   $ (5,417   $ (6,488
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     Three months ended June 30,     Nine months ended June 30,  
     2015     2014     2015     2014  

Numerator:

        

Reconciliation between GAAP and non-GAAP net loss:

        

GAAP net loss:

   $ (5,786   $ (6,800   $ (14,684   $ (14,955

Reversal of non-GAAP expenses:

        

Stock-based compensation (a)

     2,736        2,662        7,412        7,450   

Amortization of intangible assets (b)

     61        83        209        248   

LeapFrogRx compensation charges (c)

     —          80        91        381   

Restructuring (d)

     —          (43     —          26   

Legal expenses (e)

     853        —          1,095        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-GAAP net loss attributable to Model N Inc. common stockholders

   $ (2,136   $ (4,018   $ (5,877   $ (6,850
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Denominator:

        

Reconciliation between GAAP and non-GAAP weighted average shares used in computing diluted net loss per share attributable to Model N Inc. common stockholders:

        

Weighted average number of shares used in computing GAAP and non-GAAP diluted net loss per share

     26,317        24,794        25,837        24,214   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

GAAP diluted net loss per share attributable to Model N Inc. common stockholders

   $ (0.22   $ (0.27   $ (0.57   $ (0.62
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-GAAP diluted net loss per share attributable to Model N Inc. common stockholders

   $ (0.08   $ (0.16   $ (0.23   $ (0.28
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our condensed consolidated financial statements presented on a GAAP basis, Model N uses non-GAAP measures of adjusted EBITDA, gross profit, loss from operations, net loss, weighted average shares outstanding and net loss per share, which are adjusted to exclude LeapFrogRx compensation charges, stock-based compensation expense, restructuring charge and amortization of intangible assets and includes dilutive shares where applicable. We believe these adjustments are appropriate to enhance an overall understanding of our past financial performance and also our prospects for the future. These adjustments to our current period GAAP results are made with the intent of providing both management and investors a more complete understanding of Model N’s underlying operating results and trends and our marketplace performance. The non-GAAP results are an indication of our baseline performance that are considered by management for the purpose of making operational decisions. In addition, these non-GAAP results are the primary indicators management uses as a basis for our planning and forecasting of future periods. The presentation of this additional information is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for operating loss, net loss or basic and diluted net loss per share prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. Non-GAAP financial measures are not based on a comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles and are subject to limitations.

While a large component of our expense in certain periods, we believe investors may want to exclude the effects of these items in order to compare our financial performance with that of other companies and between time periods:

 

(a) Stock-based compensation is a non-cash expense accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. Stock-based compensation expenses are excluded from our non-GAAP results because stock-based compensation amounts are difficult to forecast due in part to the volume, timing and terms of restricted stock grants and the volatility of our common stock. We believe that the exclusion of stock-based compensation expense provides for a better comparison of our operation results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
(b) Amortization of intangible assets resulted principally from acquisitions. Intangible asset amortization is a non-cash item. As such, we believe exclusion of these expenses provides for a better comparison of our operation results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
(c) In January 2012, we acquired LeapFrog Rx for initial cash consideration of $3.0 million as well as potential additional payments to former LeapFrogRx shareholders totaling up-to $8.3 million which are expected to be incurred through January 2015. These additional payments are, among other things, subject to future continued employment and are therefore considered compensatory in nature and are being recognized as compensation expense (LeapFrogRx compensation charges) over the term of each component. We believe that the exclusion of these expenses provides for a better comparison of our operation results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
(d) On September 30, 2013, the Company recorded workforce reduction restructuring charges primarily related to employee separation packages, which included severance pay, benefits continuation and outplacement costs. We believe that the exclusion of this expense provides for a better comparison of our operation results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
(e) Legal expense is for the securities class action lawsuits filed in September 2014 and January 2015. We believe that the exclusion of these legal expenses provides for a better comparison of our operation results to prior periods and to our peer companies.