Exhibit 5.1

November 24, 2014

Trimble Navigation Limited

935 Stewart Drive

Sunnyvale, California, 94085

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as special counsel to Trimble Navigation Limited, a California corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the public offering of $400 million aggregate principal amount of 4.750% Senior Notes due 2024 (the “Securities”) to be issued under the Indenture, dated as of October 30, 2014 (the “Base Indenture”), between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”), as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 24, 2014, between the Company and the Trustee (the “Supplemental Indenture” and, together with the Base Indenture, the “Indenture”). On November 19, 2014, the Company entered into an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as representatives of the several underwriters named therein (the “Underwriters”), relating to the sale by the Company to the Underwriters of the Securities. The Underwriting Agreement, the Indenture and the Note Certificate (as defined below) are referred to herein collectively as the “Transaction Agreements.”

Trimble Navigation Limited

November 24, 2014

Page 2

This opinion is being furnished in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”).

In rendering the opinions stated herein, we have examined and relied upon the following:

(i) the registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-199716) of the Company relating to the Securities and other securities of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act, on October 30, 2014, allowing for delayed offerings pursuant to Rule 415 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Act (the “Rules and Regulations”), including information deemed to be a part of the registration statement pursuant to Rule 430B of the Rules and Regulations (such registration statement being hereinafter referred to as the “Registration Statement”);

(ii) an executed copy of the Underwriting Agreement;

(iii) an executed copy of the global certificate evidencing the Securities in the form delivered by the Company to the Trustee for authentication and delivery (the “Note Certificate”);

(iv) an executed copy of the Base Indenture;

(v) an executed copy of the Supplemental Indenture;

(vi) an executed copy of a certificate of François Delépine, Chief Financial Officer and Assistant Secretary of the Company, dated the date hereof (the “Assistant Secretary’s Certificate”);

(vii) a copy of the Company’s Restated Articles of Incorporation certified by the Secretary of State of the State of California and as in effect on the date hereof, and certified pursuant to the Assistant Secretary’s Certificate;

(viii) a copy of the Company’s Bylaws, as amended and in effect as of the date hereof, certified pursuant to the Assistant Secretary’s Certificate;

(ix) a copy of certain resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company, adopted on November 6, 2014 certified pursuant to the Assistant Secretary’s Certificate; and

(x) written approval by François Delépine, Chief Financial Officer and Assistant Secretary of the Company and Jim Kirkland, Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary of the Company, of the pricing terms.

Trimble Navigation Limited

November 24, 2014

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We have also examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such records of the Company and such agreements, certificates and receipts of public officials, certificates of officers or other representatives of the Company and others, and such other documents as we have deemed necessary or appropriate as a basis for the opinions stated below.

In our examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures including endorsements, the legal capacity and competency of all natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as facsimile, electronic, certified or photostatic copies, and the authenticity of the originals of such copies. As to any facts material to the opinions expressed herein that we did not independently establish or verify, we have relied upon statements and representations of officers and other representatives of the Company and others and of public officials.

We do not express any opinion with respect to the laws of any jurisdiction other than (i) the General Corporation Law of the State of California and (ii) the laws, rules and regulations of the State of New York that, in our experience, are normally applicable to transactions of the type contemplated by the Transaction Agreements, and, to the extent that judicial or regulatory orders or decrees or consents, approvals, licenses, authorizations, validations, filings, recordings or registrations with governmental authorities are relevant, to those required under such laws (all of the foregoing being referred to as “Opined on Law”). We do not express any opinion as to the effect of any non-Opined on Law on the opinions stated herein.

Based upon the foregoing and subject to the qualifications and assumptions set forth herein, we are of the opinion that the Note Certificate has been duly authorized and executed by the Company, and when duly authenticated by the Trustee and issued and delivered by the Company against payment therefore in accordance with the terms of the Underwriting Agreement and the Indenture, the Note Certificate will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits of the Indenture and enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

Trimble Navigation Limited

November 24, 2014

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The opinions stated herein are subject to the following qualifications:

(a) the opinions stated herein are limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer, preference and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in equity or at law);

(b) except to the extent expressly stated in the opinions contained herein, we do not express any opinion with respect to the effect on the opinions stated herein of (i) the compliance or non-compliance of any party to any of the Transaction Agreements with any laws, rules or regulations applicable to such party or (ii) the legal status or legal capacity of any party to any of the Transaction Agreements;

(c) except to the extent expressly stated in the opinions contained herein, we do not express any opinion with respect to any law, rule or regulation that is applicable to any party to any of the Transaction Agreements or the transactions contemplated thereby solely because such law, rule or regulation is part of a regulatory regime applicable to such party or any of its affiliates as a result of the specific assets or business operations of such party or such affiliates; and

(d) to the extent that any opinion relates to the enforceability of the choice of New York law and choice of New York forum provisions contained in any Transaction Agreement, the opinions stated herein are subject to the qualification that such enforceability may be subject to, in each case, (i) the exceptions and limitations in New York General Obligations Law sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 and (ii) principles of comity or constitutionality.

In addition, in rendering the foregoing opinions, we have assumed that:

(a) neither the execution and delivery by the Company of the Transaction Agreements and delivery by the Company of the Transaction Agreements nor the performance by the Company of its obligations under each of the Transaction Agreements: (i) constitutes or will a violation of, or a default under, any lease, indenture, instrument or other agreement to which the Company or its property is subject, (ii) contravenes or will contravene any order or decree of any governmental authority to which the Company or its property is subject, (iii) violates or will violate any law, rule or regulation to which the Company or its property is subject or (iv) requires the consent, approval, licensing or authorization of, or any filing, recording or registration with, any governmental authority under any law, rule or regulation of any jurisdiction; and

(b) the Trustee’s certificate of authentication of the Note Certificate will have been manually signed by one of the Trustee’s authorized officers.

Trimble Navigation Limited

November 24, 2014

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We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K being filed on the date hereof, and incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement. We also hereby consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Legal Opinions” in the prospectus supplement dated November 19, 2014 and filed with the Commission. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that we are included in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations. This opinion is expressed as of the date hereof unless otherwise expressly stated, and we disclaim any undertaking to advise you of any subsequent changes in the facts stated or assumed herein or of any subsequent changes in applicable law.