PETROQUEST ENERGY INC - FORM 10-Q - May 7, 2014

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended: March 31, 2014
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from:                    to:                    
Commission file number: 001-32681
_________________________________________________________________
PETROQUEST ENERGY, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
DELAWARE
 
72-1440714
(State of Incorporation)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
400 E. Kaliste Saloom Rd., Suite 6000
Lafayette, Louisiana
 
70508
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (337) 232-7028
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer
¨
Accelerated filer
x
Non-accelerated filer
¨
Smaller reporting company
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x
As of May 7, 2014 there were 65,985,091 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $.001 per share, outstanding.

 
 
 

PETROQUEST ENERGY, INC.
Table of Contents
 
 
Page No.
Part I. Financial Information
 
 
 
Item 1. Financial Statements
 
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



PETROQUEST ENERGY, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Amounts in Thousands)
 
March 31,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
 
(unaudited)
 
(Note 1)
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
11,991

 
$
9,153

Revenue receivable
24,104

 
26,568

Joint interest billing receivable
23,872

 
26,556

Derivative asset
27

 
521

Prepaid drilling costs
520

 
477

Other current assets
8,176

 
8,132

Total current assets
68,690

 
71,407

Property and equipment:
 
 
 
Oil and gas properties:
 
 
 
Oil and gas properties, full cost method
2,068,266

 
2,035,899

Unevaluated oil and gas properties
102,707

 
98,387

Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization
(1,573,147
)
 
(1,553,044
)
Oil and gas properties, net
597,826

 
581,242

Other property and equipment
14,251

 
13,993

Accumulated depreciation of other property and equipment
(9,226
)
 
(8,901
)
Total property and equipment
602,851

 
586,334

Other assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $6,216 and $5,689, respectively
8,783

 
9,449

Total assets
$
680,324

 
$
667,190

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable to vendors
$
42,713

 
$
47,341

Advances from co-owners
7,002

 
969

Oil and gas revenue payable
29,710

 
22,664

Accrued interest and preferred stock dividend
4,224

 
12,909

Asset retirement obligation
3,390

 
3,113

Derivative liability
4,541

 
1,617

Other accrued liabilities
9,810

 
8,924

Total current liabilities
101,390

 
97,537

Bank debt
75,000

 
75,000

10% Senior Notes
350,000

 
350,000

Asset retirement obligation
45,780

 
45,423

Other long-term liability
180

 
135

Commitments and contingencies


 


Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $.001 par value; authorized 5,000 shares; issued and outstanding 1,495 shares
1

 
1

Common stock, $.001 par value; authorized 150,000 shares; issued and outstanding 64,035 and 63,664 shares, respectively
64

 
64

Paid-in capital
282,965

 
280,711

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(4,514
)
 
(1,096
)
Accumulated deficit
(170,542
)
 
(180,585
)
Total stockholders’ equity
107,974

 
99,095

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
680,324

 
$
667,190

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

1

PETROQUEST ENERGY, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(unaudited)
(Amounts in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)
 
    
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Revenues:
 
 
 
Oil and gas sales
$
59,966

 
$
35,976

Expenses:
 
 
 
Lease operating expenses
12,258

 
9,719

Production taxes
1,477

 
1,028

Depreciation, depletion and amortization
20,428

 
12,871

General and administrative
6,242

 
4,716

Accretion of asset retirement obligation
791

 
332

Interest expense
7,636

 
2,864

 
48,832

 
31,530

Other income (expense):
 
 
 
Other income
189

 
227

Derivative expense
—

 
(437
)
 
189

 
(210
)
Income from operations
11,323

 
4,236

Income tax expense
—

 
349

Net income
11,323

 
3,887

Preferred stock dividend
1,280

 
1,280

Income available to common stockholders
$
10,043

 
$
2,607

Earnings per common share:
 
 
 
Basic
 
 
 
Net income per share
$
0.15

 
$
0.04

Diluted
 
 
 
Net income per share
$
0.15

 
$
0.04

Weighted average number of common shares:
 
 
 
Basic
63,846

 
62,834

Diluted
63,902

 
63,029

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

2

PETROQUEST ENERGY, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(unaudited)
(Amounts in Thousands)
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Net income
$
11,323

 
$
3,887

Change in fair value of derivative instruments, accounted for as hedges, net of income tax benefit of $0 and $309, respectively
(3,418
)
 
(3,910
)
Comprehensive income (loss)
$
7,905

 
$
(23
)
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


3

PETROQUEST ENERGY, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)
(Amounts in Thousands)
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
11,323

 
$
3,887

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Deferred tax expense
—

 
349

Depreciation, depletion and amortization
20,428

 
12,871

Accretion of asset retirement obligation
791

 
332

Share-based compensation expense
1,389

 
556

Amortization costs and other
557

 
200

Non-cash derivative expense
—

 
437

Payments to settle asset retirement obligations
(718
)
 
(72
)
Changes in working capital accounts:
 
 
 
Revenue receivable
2,464

 
2,592

Prepaid drilling and pipe costs
(43
)
 
778

Joint interest billing receivable
2,684

 
6,331

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
246

 
(27,344
)
Advances from co-owners
6,033

 
10,742

Other
135

 
(2,539
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
45,289

 
9,120

Cash flows used in investing activities:
 
 
 
Investment in oil and gas properties
(41,792
)
 
(31,275
)
Investment in other property and equipment
(205
)
 
(49
)
Sale of oil and gas properties
—

 
19,652

Net cash used in investing activities
(41,997
)
 
(11,672
)
Cash flows used in financing activities:
 
 
 
Net proceeds (payments) for share based compensation
911

 
(84
)
Deferred financing costs
(81
)
 
(21
)
Payment of preferred stock dividend
(1,284
)
 
(1,284
)
Proceeds from bank borrowings
5,000

 
25,000

Repayment of bank borrowings
(5,000
)
 
(15,000
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(454
)
 
8,611

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
2,838

 
6,059

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
9,153

 
14,904

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
11,991

 
$
20,963

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
 
 
 
Cash paid during the period for:
 
 
 
Interest
$
18,131

 
$
7,845

Income taxes
$
—

 
$
41

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

PETROQUEST ENERGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
Note 1—Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial information for the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, has been prepared by the Company and was not audited by its independent registered public accountants. In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments have been made to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of the Company at March 31, 2014 and for all reported periods. Results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year or any future periods.
The balance sheet at December 31, 2013 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentations.
Unless the context otherwise indicates, any references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “PetroQuest” or the “Company” refer to PetroQuest Energy, Inc. (Delaware) and its wholly-owned consolidated subsidiaries, PetroQuest Energy, L.L.C. (a single member Louisiana limited liability company), PetroQuest Oil & Gas, L.L.C. (a single member Louisiana limited liability company), TDC Energy LLC (a single member Louisiana limited liability company) and Pittrans, Inc. (an Oklahoma corporation).
Note 2—Acquisition

On July 3, 2013, the Company acquired certain shallow water Gulf of Mexico shelf oil and gas properties (the “Acquired Assets”), for an aggregate cash purchase price of $188.8 million, reflecting an effective date of January 1, 2013 (collectively, the "Gulf of Mexico Acquisition"). The Acquired Assets included 16 wells located on seven platforms.

The aggregate cash purchase price of the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition was financed with the net proceeds from the sale of $200 million in principal amount of the Company's 10% Senior Notes due 2017 (the "New Notes").  In connection with the transaction, the Company recorded $5.0 million of deferred financing costs related to the New Notes and incurred $4.0 million of acquisition-related costs, including $2.6 million related to a bridge commitment fee, which were recognized as general and administrative expenses.
    
The Gulf of Mexico Acquisition was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting, which involves determining the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The fair value of proved and unevaluated oil and gas properties was estimated using the income approach based on estimated reserve quantities, costs to produce and develop reserves, and forward prices for oil and gas, which represent Level 2 and Level 3 inputs. Asset retirement obligations were determined in accordance with applicable accounting standards.

The following table summarizes the acquisition date fair values of the net assets acquired (in thousands):
Oil and gas properties
 
$
192,067

Unevaluated oil and gas properties
 
12,033

Asset retirement obligations
 
(15,319
)
Net assets acquired
 
$
188,781


5



The following unaudited summary pro forma financial information for the three month period ended March 31, 2013 has been prepared to give effect to the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2012. The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the results that might have occurred had the transaction taken place on January 1, 2012 and is not intended to be a projection of future results. Future results may vary significantly from the results reflected in the following pro forma financial information because of normal production declines, changes in commodity prices, future acquisitions and divestitures, future development and exploration activities and other factors. Amounts in millions, except per share amounts.
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31, 2013
 
 
Revenues
$
51,752

Income from operations
4,823

Income available to common stockholders
3,194

 
 
Basic earnings per share
$
0.05

Diluted earnings per share
$
0.05


Note 3—Convertible Preferred Stock
The Company has 1,495,000 shares of 6.875% Series B Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”) outstanding.
The following is a summary of certain terms of the Series B Preferred Stock:
Dividends. The Series B Preferred Stock accumulates dividends at an annual rate of 6.875% for each share of Series B Preferred Stock. Dividends are cumulative from the date of first issuance and, to the extent payment of dividends is not prohibited by the Company’s debt agreements, assets are legally available to pay dividends and the Company’s board of directors or an authorized committee of the board declares a dividend payable, the Company pays dividends in cash, every quarter.
Mandatory conversion. The Company may, at its option, cause shares of the Series B Preferred Stock to be automatically converted at the applicable conversion rate, but only if the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock for 20 trading days within a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the trading day immediately preceding the date the Company gives the conversion notice equals or exceeds 130% of the conversion price in effect on each such trading day.
Conversion rights. Each share of Series B Preferred Stock may be converted at any time, at the option of the holder, into 3.4433 shares of the Company’s common stock (which is based on an initial conversion price of approximately $14.52 per share of common stock, subject to adjustment) plus cash in lieu of fractional shares, subject to the Company’s right to settle all or a portion of any such conversion in cash or shares of the Company’s common stock. If the Company elects to settle all or any portion of its conversion obligation in cash, the conversion value and the number of shares of the Company’s common stock it will deliver upon conversion (if any) will be based upon a 20 trading day averaging period.
Upon any conversion, the holder will not receive any cash payment representing accumulated and unpaid dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock, whether or not in arrears, except in limited circumstances. The conversion rate is equal to $50 divided by the conversion price at the time. The conversion price is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events. The conversion price on the conversion date and the number of shares of the Company’s common stock, as applicable, to be delivered upon conversion may be adjusted if certain events occur.



Note 4—Earnings Per Share
A reconciliation between the basic and diluted earnings per share computations (in thousands, except per share amounts) is as follows:
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014
Income (Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per
Share Amount
Net income available to common stockholders
$
10,043

 
63,846

 
 
  Attributable to participating securities
(289
)
 
—

 
 
BASIC EPS
$
9,754

 
63,846

 
$
0.15

 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income available to common stockholders
$
10,043

 
63,846

 
 
Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
  Stock options
—

 
56

 
 
  Attributable to participating securities
(289
)
 
—

 
 
DILUTED EPS
$
9,754

 
63,902

 
$
0.15

 
 
 
 
 
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Income (Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per
Share Amount
Net income available to common stockholders
$
2,607

 
62,834

 
 
Attributable to participating securities
(67
)
 
—

 
 
BASIC EPS
$
2,540

 
62,834

 
$
0.04

 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income available to common stockholders
2,607

 
62,834

 
 
Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
Stock options
—

 
195

 
 
Attributable to participating securities
(67
)
 
—

 
 
DILUTED EPS
$
2,540

 
63,029

 
$
0.04

Common shares issuable upon the assumed conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock totaling 5.1 million shares were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 because the inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. Options to purchase 1.2 million and 1.3 million shares of common stock were outstanding during the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the options' exercise prices were in excess of the average market price of the common shares.

Note 5—Long-Term Debt
On August 19, 2010, the Company issued $150 million in principal amount of its 10% Senior Notes due 2017 (the “Existing Notes”). On July 3, 2013, the Company issued an additional $200 million in principal amount of its 10% Senior Notes due 2017 (the "New Notes" and together with the Existing Notes, the "Notes").  The New Notes were issued at a price equal to 100% of face value plus accrued interest from March 1, 2013. The New Notes have terms that, subject to certain exceptions, are substantially identical to the Existing Notes. The net proceeds from the offering were used to finance the $188.8 million aggregate cash purchase price of the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition, which also closed on July 3, 2013. The Notes are guaranteed by certain of PetroQuest's subsidiaries. The subsidiary guarantors are 100% owned by PetroQuest and all guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several. PetroQuest has no independent assets or operations and the subsidiaries not providing guarantees are minor, as defined by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The Notes have numerous covenants including restrictions on liens, incurrence of indebtedness, asset sales, dividend payments and other restricted payments. Interest is payable semi-annually on March 1 and September 1. At March 31, 2014, $2.9 million had been accrued in connection with the September 1, 2014 interest payment and the Company was in compliance with all of the covenants contained in the Notes.
The Company and PetroQuest Energy, L.L.C. (the “Borrower”) have a Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., Capital One, N.A., IberiaBank, Bank of America, N.A. and The Bank of Nova Scotia. The Credit Agreement provides the Company with a $300 million revolving credit facility that permits borrowings based on the commitments of the lenders and the available borrowing base as determined in accordance with the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also allows the Company to use up to $25 million of the borrowing base for letters

7

of credit. The credit facility matures on October 3, 2016. As of March 31, 2014 the Company had $75.0 million of borrowings outstanding under (and no letters of credit issued pursuant to) the Credit Agreement.
The borrowing base under the Credit Agreement is based upon the valuation of the reserves attributable to the Company’s oil and gas properties as of January 1 and July 1 of each year. In connection with the most recent redetermination, the borrowing base was reaffirmed at $200 million (subject to the aggregate commitments of the lenders then in effect) effective March 31, 2014. The aggregate commitments of the lenders is currently $150 million and can be increased to up to $300 million by either adding new lenders or increasing the commitments of existing lenders, subject to certain conditions. The next borrowing base redetermination is scheduled to occur by September 30, 2014. The Company or the lenders may request two additional borrowing base re-determinations each year. Each time the borrowing base is to be re-determined, the administrative agent under the Credit Agreement will propose a new borrowing base as it deems appropriate in its sole discretion, which must be approved by all lenders if the borrowing base is to be increased, or by lenders holding two-thirds of the amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement if the borrowing base remains the same or is reduced.
The Credit Agreement is secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, including a lien on all equipment and at least 80% of the aggregate total value of the Borrower’s oil and gas properties. Outstanding balances under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the alternate base rate (“ABR”) plus a margin (based on a sliding scale of 0.5% to 1.5% depending on total commitments) or the adjusted LIBO rate (“Eurodollar”) plus a margin (based on a sliding scale of 1.5% to 2.5% depending on total commitments). The alternate base rate is equal to the highest of (i) the JPMorgan Chase prime rate, (ii) the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.5% or (iii) the adjusted LIBO rate plus 1%. For the purposes of the definition of alternative base rate only, the adjusted LIBO rate is equal to the rate at which dollar deposits of $5,000,000 with a one month maturity are offered by the principal London office of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in immediately available funds in the London interbank market. For all other purposes, the adjusted LIBO rate is equal to the rate at which Eurodollar deposits in the London interbank market for one, two, three or six months (as selected by the Company) are quoted, as adjusted for statutory reserve requirements for Eurocurrency liabilities. Outstanding letters of credit are charged a participation fee at a per annum rate equal to the margin applicable to Eurodollar loans, a fronting fee and customary administrative fees. In addition, the Company pays commitment fees based on a sliding scale of 0.375% to 0.5% depending on total commitments.
The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to certain restrictive financial covenants under the Credit Agreement, including a maximum ratio of total debt to EBITDAX, determined on a rolling four quarter basis, of 3.5 to 1.0 and a minimum ratio of consolidated current assets to consolidated current liabilities of 1.0 to 1.0, all as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also includes customary restrictions with respect to debt, liens, dividends, distributions and redemptions, investments, loans and advances, nature of business, international operations and foreign subsidiaries, leases, sale or discount of receivables, mergers or consolidations, sales of properties, transactions with affiliates, negative pledge agreements, gas imbalances and swap agreements. However, the Credit Agreement permits the Company to repurchase up to $10 million of the Company’s common stock during the term of the Credit Agreement, so long as after giving effect to such repurchase the Borrower’s Liquidity (as defined therein) is greater than 20% of the total commitments of the lenders at such time. As of March 31, 2014, the Company was in compliance with all of the covenants contained in the Credit Agreement.

Note 6—Asset Retirement Obligation
The following table describes the changes to the Company’s asset retirement obligation liability (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Asset retirement obligation, beginning of period
$
48,536

 
$
27,260

Liabilities settled
(718
)
 
(72
)
Accretion expense
791

 
332

Revisions in estimated cash flows
561

 
986

Asset retirement obligation, end of period
49,170

 
28,506

Less: current portion of asset retirement obligation
(3,390
)
 
(3,845
)
Long-term asset retirement obligation
$
45,780

 
$
24,661



8


Note 7—Derivative Instruments
The Company seeks to reduce its exposure to commodity price volatility by hedging a portion of its production through commodity derivative instruments. When the conditions for hedge accounting are met, the Company may designate its commodity derivatives as cash flow hedges. The changes in fair value of derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting treatment are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged oil or natural gas quantities are produced. If a derivative does not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, the changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in the income statement as derivative income (expense). At March 31, 2014, all of the Company's derivative instruments were designated as effective cash flow hedges.
Oil and gas sales included additions (reductions) related to the settlement of gas hedges of ($3.0) million and $0.5 million and oil hedges of ($0.4) million and ($0.1) million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.    
As of March 31, 2014, the Company had entered into the following oil and gas contracts:
Production Period
Instrument
Type
 
Daily Volumes
 
Weighted
Average Price
Natural Gas:

 
 
 
 
April - December 2014
Swap
 
45,000 Mmbtu
 
$4.14
Crude Oil:

 

 
 
April - June 2014
Swap (LLS)
 
450 Bbls
 
$100.58
April - December 2014
Swap (LLS)
 
400 Bbls
 
$101.15
April - December 2014
Swap (WTI)
 
350 Bbls
 
$93.26
LLS - Louisiana Light Sweet
WTI - West Texas Intermediate
At March 31, 2014, the Company had recognized an accumulated other comprehensive loss of approximately $4.5 million related to the estimated fair value of its effective cash flow hedges. Based on estimated future commodity prices as of March 31, 2014, the Company would reclassify approximately $2.8 million, net of taxes, of accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings during the next 12 months. These losses are expected to be reclassified to oil and gas sales based on the schedule of oil and gas volumes stipulated in the derivative contracts.
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
All of the Company’s swap contracts are designated as effective cash flow hedges under ASC Topic 815-20-25. The following tables reflect the fair value of the Company’s effective cash flow hedges in the consolidated financial statements (in thousands):
Effect of Cash Flow Hedges on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013:    
 
Commodity Derivatives
Period
Balance Sheet
Location
Fair Value
March 31, 2014
Derivative asset
$
27

March 31, 2014
Derivative liability
$
(4,541
)
December 31, 2013
Derivative asset
$
521

December 31, 2013
Derivative liability
$
(1,617
)

Effect of Cash Flow Hedges on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013:
Instrument
Amount of Loss
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive Income
 
Location of
Gain (Loss) Reclassified
into Income
 
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified into
Income
Commodity Derivatives at March 31, 2014
$
(6,821
)
 
Oil and gas sales
 
$
(3,403
)
Commodity Derivatives at March 31, 2013
$
(3,523
)
 
Oil and gas sales
 
$
387


9

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
    
During 2013, the Company utilized a three-way collar contract that was not designated as an effective cash flow hedge and therefore both realized and unrealized (mark-to-market) gains or losses on this derivative were recorded as derivative expense (income) in the statement of operations. This contract expired on December 31, 2013. The following tables reflect the fair value of this contract in the consolidated financial statements (in thousands):
Effect of Non-designated Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013:
Instrument
Amount of Unrealized Loss
Recognized in Derivative
Expense
Commodity Derivatives at March 31, 2014
$
—

Commodity Derivatives at March 31, 2013
$
(437
)

Note 8 – Fair Value Measurements
As defined in ASC Topic 820, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. As presented in the tables below, this hierarchy consists of three broad levels:
•
Level 1: valuations consist of unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities and has the highest priority;
•
Level 2: valuations rely on quoted prices in markets that are not active or observable inputs over the full term of the asset or liability;
•
Level 3: valuations are based on prices or third party or internal valuation models that require inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement and are less observable and thus have the lowest priority.
The Company classifies its commodity derivatives based upon the data used to determine fair value. The Company’s derivative instruments at March 31, 2014 were in the form of swaps based on NYMEX pricing for oil and natural gas. The fair value of these derivatives is derived using an independent third-party’s valuation model that utilizes market-corroborated inputs that are observable over the term of the derivative contract. The Company’s fair value calculations also incorporate an estimate of the counterparties’ default risk for derivative assets and an estimate of the Company’s default risk for derivative liabilities. As a result, the Company designates its commodity derivatives as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
The following table summarizes the net valuation of the Company’s derivatives subject to fair value measurement on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (in thousands):
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
Instrument
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets (Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
Commodity Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
At March 31, 2014
$
—

 
$
(4,514
)
 
$
—

At December 31, 2013
$
—

 
$
(1,096
)
 
$
—

The fair value of the Company's cash and cash equivalents and variable-rate bank debt approximated book value at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The fair value of the Company's 10% Senior Notes due 2017 (the "Notes") was approximately $373 million and $364 million as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, as compared to the book value of $350 million as of each date. The fair value of the Notes was determined based upon a market quote provided by an independent broker, which represents a Level 2 input.

10

Note 9—Income Taxes
The Company typically provides for income taxes at a statutory rate of 35% adjusted for permanent differences expected to be realized, primarily statutory depletion, non-deductible stock compensation expenses and state income taxes. As a result of ceiling test write-downs recognized in prior periods, the Company has incurred a cumulative three-year loss. Because of the impact the cumulative loss has on the determination of the recoverability of deferred tax assets through future earnings, the Company assessed the realizability of its deferred tax assets based on the future reversals of existing deferred tax liabilities. Accordingly, the Company established a valuation allowance for a portion of the deferred tax asset. The valuation allowance was $42.5 million as of March 31, 2014.

Note 10 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables represent the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands):

 
Gains and Losses on Cash Flow Hedges
 
Change in Valuation Allowance
 
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2013
$
(688
)
 
$
(408
)
 
$
(1,096
)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications:
 
 
 
 
 
 Change in fair value of derivatives
(6,821
)
 
—

 
(6,821
)
 Income tax effect
2,538

 
(2,538
)
 
—

 Net of tax
(4,283
)
 
(2,538
)
 
(6,821
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 Oil and gas sales
3,403

 
—

 
3,403

 Income tax effect
(1,266
)
 
1,266

 
 
 Net of tax
2,137

 
1,266

 
3,403

Net other comprehensive loss
(2,146
)
 
(1,272
)
 
(3,418
)
Balance as of March 31, 2014
$
(2,834
)
 
$
(1,680
)
 
$
(4,514
)

 
Gains and Losses on Cash Flow Hedges
 
Change in Valuation Allowance
 
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2012
$
521

 
$
—

 
$
521

Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications:
 
 
 
 
 
 Change in fair value of derivatives
(3,523
)
 
—

 
(3,523
)
 Income tax effect
1,261

 
(1,261
)
 
—

 Net of tax
(2,262
)
 
(1,261
)
 
(3,523
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 Oil and gas sales
(387
)
 
—

 
(387
)
 Income tax effect
—

 
—

 
 
 Net of tax
(387
)
 
—

 
(387
)
Net other comprehensive loss
(2,649
)
 
(1,261
)
 
(3,910
)
Balance as of March 31, 2013
$
(2,128
)
 
$
(1,261
)
 
$
(3,389
)


11

Item 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
PetroQuest Energy, Inc. is an independent oil and gas company incorporated in the State of Delaware with operations in Oklahoma, Texas, and the Gulf Coast Basin. We seek to grow our production, proved reserves, cash flow and earnings at low finding and development costs through a balanced mix of exploration, development and acquisition activities. From the commencement of our operations in 1985 through 2002, we were focused exclusively in the Gulf Coast Basin with onshore properties principally in southern Louisiana and offshore properties in the shallow waters of the Gulf of Mexico shelf. During 2003, we began the implementation of our strategic goal of diversifying our reserves and production into longer life and lower risk onshore properties. As part of the strategic shift to diversify our asset portfolio and lower our geographic and geologic risk profile, we refocused our opportunity selection processes to reduce our average working interest in higher risk projects, shift capital to higher probability of success onshore wells and mitigate the risks associated with individual wells by expanding our drilling program across multiple basins.
We have successfully diversified into onshore, longer life basins in Oklahoma and Texas through a combination of selective acquisitions and drilling activity. Beginning in 2003 with our acquisition of the Carthage Field in East Texas through 2013, we have invested approximately $1.1 billion into growing our longer life assets. During the ten year period ended December 31, 2013, we have realized a 95% drilling success rate on 918 gross wells drilled. Comparing 2013 metrics with those in 2003, the year we implemented our diversification strategy, we have grown production by 294% and estimated proved reserves by 262%. At March 31, 2014, 83% of our estimated proved reserves and 50% of our first quarter 2014 production were derived from our longer life assets.
As a result of the impact of low natural gas prices on our revenues and cash flow, we have focused on growing our reserves and production through a balanced drilling budget with an increased emphasis on growing our oil and natural gas liquids production.  In May 2010, we entered into the Woodford joint development agreement ("JDA"), which provided us with $85 million in cash during 2010 and 2011, along with a drilling carry that we have utilized since May 2010 to enhance economic returns by reducing our share of capital expenditures in the Woodford Shale and Mississippian Lime. During 2013, we closed the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition (discussed below) which significantly enhanced our 2013 oil production. As a result of our drilling programs in each of our operating areas, as well as the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition, we set Company records in 2013 for estimated proved reserves at year end and total production, including a 36% increase in oil and natural gas liquids production from 2012.

Gulf of Mexico Acquisition

On July 3, 2013, we closed the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition for an aggregate cash purchase price of $188.8 million, reflecting an effective date of January 1, 2013. The Gulf of Mexico Acquisition was financed with the issuance of an additional $200 million in aggregate principal amount of our 10% Senior Notes due 2017. The Acquired Assets included 16 gross wells located on seven platforms.
    
During 2013, the Acquired Assets contributed 4.5 Bcfe of production, including 235,000 barrels of oil, and added 30.5 Bcfe of estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2013. As a result of the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition, our acreage position in the Gulf Coast Basin increased 23% to 46,801 net acres. See "Note 2 - Acquisition" in Item 1. Financial Statements for additional details related to this transaction.

We believe the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition represents both a strategic and transformative transaction for us. This transaction builds upon our existing strategy of utilizing free cash flow from our shorter life, Gulf Coast Basin assets to develop our longer-life resource assets. As evidenced by the larger percentage of our production and estimated proved reserves now located in our longer lived basins, we have successfully leveraged our Gulf Coast free cash flow to help fund our substantial diversification efforts over the past several years. We plan to utilize a portion of the free cash flow generated from these acquired properties to accelerate the development of our Woodford Shale and Cotton Valley resource plays. In addition, based upon our experience and successful track record in exploiting reservoirs in the Gulf Coast Basin and Gulf of Mexico, we believe that we will be able to create value above the current estimated proved reserves associated with the Acquired Assets.

12

Critical Accounting Policies
Reserve Estimates
Our estimates of proved oil and gas reserves constitute those quantities of oil and gas, which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward, from known reservoirs, and under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. At the end of each year, our proved reserves are estimated by independent petroleum engineers in accordance with guidelines established by the SEC. These estimates, however, represent projections based on geologic and engineering data. Reserve engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and gas that are difficult to measure. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quantity and quality of available data, engineering and geological interpretation and professional judgment. Estimates of economically recoverable oil and gas reserves and future net cash flows necessarily depend upon a number of variable factors and assumptions, such as historical production from the area compared with production from other producing areas, the assumed effect of regulations by governmental agencies, and assumptions governing future oil and gas prices, future operating costs, severance taxes, development costs and workover costs. The future drilling costs associated with reserves assigned to proved undeveloped locations may ultimately increase to the extent that these reserves may be later determined to be uneconomic. Any significant variance in the assumptions could materially affect the estimated quantity and value of the reserves, which could affect the carrying value of our oil and gas properties and/or the rate of depletion of such oil and gas properties.
Disclosure requirements under Staff Accounting Bulletin 113 (“SAB 113”) include provisions that permit the use of new technologies to determine proved reserves if those technologies have been demonstrated empirically to lead to reliable conclusions about reserve volumes. The rules also allow companies the option to disclose probable and possible reserves in addition to the existing requirement to disclose proved reserves. The disclosure requirements also require companies to report the independence and qualifications of third party preparers of reserves and file reports when a third party is relied upon to prepare reserves estimates. Pricing is based on a 12-month average price using beginning of the month pricing during the 12-month period prior to the ending date of the balance sheet to report oil and natural gas reserves. In addition, the 12-month average will also be used to measure ceiling test impairments and to compute depreciation, depletion and amortization.
Full Cost Method of Accounting
We use the full cost method of accounting for our investments in oil and gas properties. Under this method, all acquisition, exploration and development costs, including certain related employee costs, incurred for the purpose of exploring for and developing oil and natural gas are capitalized. Acquisition costs include costs incurred to purchase, lease or otherwise acquire property. Exploration costs include the costs of drilling exploratory wells, including those in progress and geological and geophysical service costs in exploration activities. Development costs include the costs of drilling development wells and costs of completions, platforms, facilities and pipelines. Costs associated with production and general corporate activities are expensed in the period incurred. Sales of oil and gas properties, whether or not being amortized currently, are accounted for as adjustments of capitalized costs, with no gain or loss recognized, unless such adjustments would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves of oil and gas.
The costs associated with unevaluated properties are not initially included in the amortization base and primarily relate to ongoing exploration activities, unevaluated leasehold acreage and delay rentals, seismic data and capitalized interest. These costs are either transferred to the amortization base with the costs of drilling the related well or are assessed quarterly for possible impairment or reduction in value.
We compute the provision for depletion of oil and gas properties using the unit-of-production method based upon production and estimates of proved reserve quantities. Unevaluated costs and related carrying costs are excluded from the amortization base until the properties associated with these costs are evaluated. In addition to costs associated with evaluated properties, the amortization base includes estimated future development costs related to non-producing reserves. Our depletion expense is affected by the estimates of future development costs, unevaluated costs and proved reserves, and changes in these estimates could have an impact on our future earnings.
We capitalize certain internal costs that are directly identified with acquisition, exploration and development activities. The capitalized internal costs include salaries, employee benefits, costs of consulting services and other related expenses and do not include costs related to production, general corporate overhead or similar activities. We also capitalize a portion of the interest costs incurred on our debt. Capitalized interest is calculated using the amount of our unevaluated property and our effective borrowing rate.
Capitalized costs of oil and gas properties, net of accumulated DD&A and related deferred taxes, are limited to the estimated future net cash flows from proved oil and gas reserves, including the effect of cash flow hedges in place, discounted at 10 percent,

13

plus the lower of cost or fair value of unproved properties, as adjusted for related income tax effects (the full cost ceiling). If capitalized costs exceed the full cost ceiling, the excess is charged to write-down of oil and gas properties in the quarter in which the excess occurs.
Given the volatility of oil and gas prices, it is probable that our estimate of discounted future net cash flows from proved oil and gas reserves will change in the near term. If oil or gas prices decline, even for only a short period of time, or if we have downward revisions to our estimated proved reserves, it is possible that write-downs of oil and gas properties could occur in the future.
Future Abandonment Costs
Future abandonment costs include costs to dismantle and relocate or dispose of our production platforms, gathering systems, wells and related structures and restoration costs of land and seabed. We develop estimates of these costs for each of our properties based upon the type of production structure, depth of water, reservoir characteristics, depth of the reservoir, market demand for equipment, currently available procedures and consultations with construction and engineering consultants. Because these costs typically extend many years into the future, estimating these future costs is difficult and requires management to make estimates and judgments that are subject to future revisions based upon numerous factors, including changing technology, the timing of estimated costs, the impact of future inflation on current cost estimates and the political and regulatory environment.
Derivative Instruments

We seek to reduce our exposure to commodity price volatility by hedging a portion of our production through commodity derivative instruments. The estimated fair values of our commodity derivative instruments are recorded in the consolidated balance sheet. The changes in fair value of those derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting treatment are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged oil and natural gas quantities are produced. If a hedge becomes ineffective because the hedged production does not occur, or the hedge otherwise does not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, the changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in the income statement as derivative income (expense).
Our hedges are specifically referenced to NYMEX prices for oil and natural gas. We evaluate the effectiveness of our hedges at the time we enter the contracts, and periodically over the life of the contracts, by analyzing the correlation between NYMEX prices and the posted prices we receive from our designated production. Through this analysis, we are able to determine if a high correlation exists between the prices received for the designated production and the NYMEX prices at which the hedges will be settled. At March 31, 2014, our derivative instruments were designated as effective cash flow hedges.
Estimating the fair value of derivative instruments requires valuation calculations incorporating estimates of future NYMEX prices, discount rates and price movements. As a result, we calculate the fair value of our commodity derivatives using an independent third-party’s valuation model that utilizes market-corroborated inputs that are observable over the term of the derivative contract. Our fair value calculations also incorporate an estimate of the counterparties’ default risk for derivative assets and an estimate of our default risk for derivative liabilities.

14

Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to our oil and gas operations for the periods noted. These historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in future periods.
    
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Production:
 
 
 
Oil (Bbls)
242,283

 
125,723

Gas (Mcf)
7,184,130

 
6,436,595

Ngl (Mcfe)
1,131,282

 
1,064,647

Total Production (Mcfe)
9,769,110

 
8,255,580

Sales:
 
 
 
Total oil sales
$
24,140,656

 
$
13,144,310

Total gas sales
29,557,335

 
16,723,032

Total ngl sales
6,268,406

 
6,108,946

Total oil and gas sales
$
59,966,397

 
$
35,976,288

Average sales prices:
 
 
 
Oil (per Bbl)
$
99.64

 
$
104.55

Gas (per Mcf)
4.11

 
2.60

Ngl (per Mcfe)
5.54

 
5.74

Per Mcfe
6.14

 
4.36

The above sales and average sales prices include increases (decreases) to revenue related to the settlement of gas hedges of ($2,969,000) and $532,000 and oil hedges of ($434,000) and ($145,000) for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Net income available to common stockholders totaled $10,043,000 and $2,607,000 for the quarters ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The primary fluctuations were as follows:
Production Total production increased 18% during the three month period ended March 31, 2014 as compared to the 2013 period. Gas production during the three month period ended March 31, 2014 increased 12% from the comparable period in 2013. The increase in gas production was primarily the result of added production from the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition. In addition, gas production increased as a result of the commencement of production of our third successful well in the La Cantera field in May 2013. Partially offsetting these increases were decreases in gas production due to normal production declines at our dry gas Oklahoma fields as well as certain of our legacy Gulf of Mexico fields. As a result of an anticipated full year of production from the wells acquired in the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition and increased drilling activity planned for 2014, we expect our average daily gas production in 2014 to increase as compared to 2013.
Oil production during the three month period ended March 31, 2014 increased 93% from the 2013 period due primarily to added production from the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition as well as the successful completion of our third well within our La Cantera field. Partially offsetting these increases were decreases as a result of normal production declines at certain of our legacy Gulf of Mexico and East Texas fields. As a result of an anticipated full year of production from the wells acquired in the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition, we expect our average daily oil production to be significantly higher during 2014 as compared to 2013.
Ngl production during the three month period ended March 31, 2014 increased 6% from the 2013 period due to added production from the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition as well as the successful completion of our third well within our La Cantera field. Partially offsetting these increases were decreases as a result of normal production declines at our legacy Gulf of Mexico and Oklahoma fields. As a result of the increase in drilling activity planned for 2014 as well as an anticipated full year of production from the wells acquired in the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition, we expect our daily Ngl production for 2014 to increase significantly as compared to 2013.
Prices Including the effects of our hedges, average gas prices per Mcf for the three month period ended March 31, 2014 were $4.11 as compared to $2.60 for the 2013 period. Average oil prices per Bbl for the three months ended March 31, 2014 were $99.64 as compared to $104.55 for the 2013 period and average Ngl prices per Mcfe were $5.54 for the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to $5.74 for the 2013 period. Stated on an Mcfe basis, unit prices received during the three months ended March 31, 2014 were 41% higher than the prices received during the comparable 2013 period.

15

Revenue Including the effects of hedges, oil and gas sales during the three months ended March 31, 2014 increased 67% to $59,966,000 , as compared to oil and gas sales of $35,976,000 during the 2013 period. The increased revenue was primarily the result of higher average realized prices for our production during 2014 as well as increased production as discussed above.
Expenses Lease operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2014 totaled $12,258,000 as compared to $9,719,000 during the 2013 period. Per unit lease operating expenses totaled $1.25 per Mcfe during the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to $1.18 per Mcfe during the 2013 period. We expect the absolute dollar amount of lease operating expenses to increase during 2014 as compared to 2013 as a result of the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition but we expect per unit lease operating costs to approximate per unit amounts in 2013.
Production taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2014 totaled $1,477,000, or $0.15 per Mcfe, as compared to $1,028,000, or $0.12 per Mcfe, during the 2013 period. The increase was primarily due to higher commodity prices for our production during the first quarter of 2014 as compared to the 2013 period. Partially offsetting the effect of the price increases was a tax refund recorded during the first quarter of 2014 for refunds relative to production taxes previously paid on our East Texas wells. Because the majority of the assets purchased in the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition are located in Federal waters and are therefore not subject to production taxes, we do not expect a meaningful change to our production taxes during 2014 as compared to 2013.
General and administrative expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2014 totaled $6,242,000 as compared to $4,716,000 during the 2013 period. The 32% increase during the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to the comparable period of 2013 is primarily due to higher employee related costs including share-based compensation during the 2014 period. Included in first quarter 2014 and 2013 general and administrative expenses were share-based compensation costs of $1,762,000 and $698,000, respectively. We capitalized $4,379,000 of general and administrative costs during the three month period ended March 31, 2014 compared to $3,111,000 during the 2013 period. We expect general and administrative expenses in 2014 to approximate 2013.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”) expense on oil and gas properties for the three months ended March 31, 2014 totaled $20,103,000, or $2.06 per Mcfe, as compared to $12,611,000, or $1.53 per Mcfe, during the comparable 2013 period. The increase in the per unit DD&A rate is primarily the result of the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition, which had a higher cost per unit as compared to our overall amortization base. We expect our DD&A rate to be slightly lower than the 2014 first quarter rate for the remainder of 2014.
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized on unevaluated properties, totaled $7,636,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to $2,864,000 during the comparable 2013 period. During the three month period ended March 31, 2014, our capitalized interest totaled $2,167,000 as compared to $1,452,000 during the comparable 2013 period. The increase in interest expense was a result of the issuance of an additional $200 million of 10% senior notes due 2017, which were used to finance the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition. As a result, we expect interest expense for 2014 to be higher than that of 2013.
Income tax expense during the three months ended March 31, 2014 was zero as compared to $349,000 during the comparable 2013 period. We typically provide for income taxes at a statutory rate of 35% adjusted for permanent differences expected to be realized, primarily statutory depletion, non-deductible stock compensation expenses and state income taxes.
As a result of ceiling test write-downs recognized in prior periods, we have incurred a cumulative three-year loss. Because of the impact the cumulative loss has on the determination of the recoverability of deferred tax assets through future earnings, we assessed the realizability of our deferred tax assets based on the future reversals of existing deferred tax liabilities. Accordingly, we established a valuation allowance for a portion of our deferred tax asset. The valuation allowance was $42,517,000 as of March 31, 2014.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have financed our acquisition, exploration and development activities principally through cash flow from operations, bank borrowings, other credit facilities, issuances of equity and debt securities, joint ventures and sales of assets. At March 31, 2014 we had a working capital deficit of approximately $32.7 million as compared to a working capital deficit of approximately $26.1 million as of December 31, 2013. Since we operate the majority of our drilling activities, we have the ability to reduce our capital expenditures to manage our working capital deficit and liquidity position. To the extent our capital expenditures during the remainder of 2014 exceed our cash flow and cash on hand, we plan to utilize available borrowings under the bank credit facility or proceeds from the potential sale of assets to fund a portion of our drilling budget.
Prices for oil and natural gas are subject to many factors beyond our control such as weather, the overall condition of the global financial markets and economies, relatively minor changes in the outlook of supply and demand, and the actions of OPEC. Oil and natural gas prices have a significant impact on our cash flows available for capital expenditures and our ability to borrow and raise additional capital. The amount we can borrow under our bank credit facility is subject to periodic re-determination based in part on changing expectations of future prices. Lower prices may also reduce the amount of oil and natural gas that we can

16

economically produce. Lower prices and/or lower production may decrease revenues, cash flows and the borrowing base under the bank credit facility, thus reducing the amount of financial resources available to meet our capital requirements. Lower prices and reduced cash flow may also make it difficult to incur debt, including under our bank credit facility, because of the restrictive covenants in the indenture governing the Notes. See “Source of Capital: Debt” below. Our ability to comply with the covenants in our debt agreements is dependent upon the success of our exploration and development program and upon factors beyond our control, such as oil and natural gas prices.
Source of Capital: Operations
Net cash flow from operations increased from $9.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2013 to $45.3 million during the 2014 period. The increase in operating cash flow during 2014 as compared to 2013 was primarily attributable to increases in oil and gas revenues.
Source of Capital: Debt
On August 19, 2010, we issued $150 million in principal amount of 10% Senior Notes due 2017 (the “Existing Notes”). On July 3, 2013, we issued an additional $200 million in principal amount of 10% Senior Notes due 2017 (the "New Notes" and together with the Existing Notes, the "Notes"). The New Notes were issued at a price equal to 100% of face value plus accrued interest from March 1, 2013. The New Notes have terms that, subject to certain exceptions, are substantially identical to the Existing Notes. The net proceeds from the offering were used to finance the $188.8 million aggregate cash purchase price of the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition, which also closed on July 3, 2013.
The Notes have numerous covenants including restrictions on liens, incurrence of indebtedness, asset sales, dividend payments and other restricted payments. Interest is payable semi-annually on March 1 and September 1. At March 31, 2014, $2.9 million had been accrued in connection with the September 1, 2014 interest payment and we were in compliance with all of the covenants contained in the Notes.
We have a Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., Capital One, N.A., IberiaBank, Bank of America, N.A. and The Bank of Nova Scotia. The Credit Agreement provides us with a $300 million revolving credit facility that permits borrowings based on the commitments of the lenders and the available borrowing base as determined in accordance with the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also allows us to use up to $25 million of the borrowing base for letters of credit. Our bank credit facility matures on October 3, 2016. As of March 31, 2014 we had $75 million of borrowings outstanding under (and no letters of credit issued pursuant to) the Credit Agreement.
The borrowing base under the Credit Agreement is based upon the valuation of the reserves attributable to our oil and gas properties as of January 1 and July 1 of each year. In connection with the most recent redetermination, the borrowing base was reaffirmed at $200 million (subject to the aggregate commitments of the lenders then in effect) effective March 31, 2014. The aggregate commitments of the lenders is currently $150 million and can be increased to up to $300 million by either adding new lenders or increasing the commitments of existing lenders, subject to certain conditions. The next borrowing base redetermination is scheduled to occur by September 30, 2014. We or the lenders may request two additional borrowing base re-determinations each year. Each time the borrowing base is to be re-determined, the administrative agent under the Credit Agreement will propose a new borrowing base as it deems appropriate in its sole discretion, which must be approved by all lenders if the borrowing base is to be increased, or by lenders holding two-thirds of the amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement if the borrowing base remains the same or is reduced.
The Credit Agreement is secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of our assets, including a lien on all equipment and at least 80% of the aggregate total value of our oil and gas properties. Outstanding balances under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the alternate base rate (“ABR”) plus a margin (based on a sliding scale of 0.5% to 1.5% depending on total commitments) or the adjusted LIBO rate (“Eurodollar”) plus a margin (based on a sliding scale of 1.5% to 2.5% depending on total commitments). The alternate base rate is equal to the highest of (i) the JPMorgan Chase prime rate, (ii) the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.5% or (iii) the adjusted LIBO rate plus 1%. For the purposes of the definition of alternative base rate only, the adjusted LIBO rate is equal to the rate at which dollar deposits of $5,000,000 with a one month maturity are offered by the principal London office of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in immediately available funds in the London interbank market. For all other purposes, the adjusted LIBO rate is equal to the rate at which Eurodollar deposits in the London interbank market for one, two, three or six months (as selected by us) are quoted, as adjusted for statutory reserve requirements for Eurocurrency liabilities. Outstanding letters of credit are charged a participation fee at a per annum rate equal to the margin applicable to Eurodollar loans, a fronting fee and customary administrative fees. In addition, we pay commitment fees based on a sliding scale of 0.375% to 0.5% depending on total commitments.
We are subject to certain restrictive financial covenants under the Credit Agreement, including a maximum ratio of total debt to EBITDAX, determined on a rolling four quarter basis, of 3.5 to 1.0 and a minimum ratio of consolidated current assets to consolidated current liabilities of 1.0 to 1.0, all as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also includes customary

17

restrictions with respect to debt, liens, dividends, distributions and redemptions, investments, loans and advances, nature of business, international operations and foreign subsidiaries, leases, sale or discount of receivables, mergers or consolidations, sales of properties, transactions with affiliates, negative pledge agreements, gas imbalances and swap agreements. However, the Credit Agreement permits us to repurchase up to $10 million of our common stock during the term of the Credit Agreement, so long as after giving effect to such repurchase our Liquidity (as defined therein) is greater than 20% of the total commitments of the lenders at such time. As of March 31, 2014, we were in compliance with all of the covenants contained in the Credit Agreement.
Source of Capital: Issuance of Securities
Our shelf registration statement allows us to publicly offer and sell up to $350 million of any combination of debt securities, shares of common and preferred stock, depositary shares and warrants. The registration statement does not provide any assurance that we will or could sell any such securities.
Source of Capital: Joint Ventures
In May 2010, we entered into a joint development agreement with WSGP Gas Producing, LLC (WSGP), a subsidiary of NextEra Energy Resources, LLC, whereby WSGP acquired approximately 29 Bcfe of our Woodford proved undeveloped reserves as well as the right to earn 50% of our undeveloped Woodford acreage position through a two phase drilling program. We received approximately $57.4 million in cash at closing, net of $2.6 million in transaction fees, and an additional $14 million in each of 2011 and 2012. In addition, since May 2010, WSGP has funded a share of our drilling costs under a drilling program, which we refer to as the drilling carry. As of March 31, 2014, approximately $48.3 million of drilling carry remained available.
Source of Capital: Divestitures
We do not budget property divestitures; however, we are continuously evaluating our property base to determine if there are assets in our portfolio that no longer meet our strategic objectives. From time to time we may divest certain non-strategic assets in order to provide liquidity to strengthen our balance sheet or capital to be reinvested in higher rate of return projects. We are currently exploring divestment opportunities for our Wyoming and South Texas assets. We cannot assure you that we will be able to sell any of our assets in the future.

In January 2013, we sold 50% of our saltwater disposal systems and related surface assets in the Woodford for net proceeds of approximately $10 million. In December 2013, we sold our non-operated Wyoming assets for a cash purchase price of $1.0 million.

Use of Capital: Exploration and Development
Our 2014 capital budget, which includes capitalized interest and general and administrative costs, is expected to range between $140 million and $150 million, of which $37 million was incurred during the first three months of 2014. Because we operate the majority of our drilling activities, we expect to be able to control the timing of a substantial portion of our capital investments. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, we funded our capital expenditures with cash flow from operations and cash on hand. To the extent our capital expenditures during the remainder of 2014 exceed our cash flow and cash on hand, we plan to utilize available borrowings under the bank credit facility or proceeds from the potential sale of assets to fund a portion of our drilling budget.
Use of Capital: Acquisitions

On July 3, 2013, we closed the Gulf of Mexico Acquisition for an aggregate cash purchase price of $188.8 million. The Acquired Assets include 16 gross wells located on seven platforms.

We believe the acquisition of the Acquired Assets represents both a strategic and transformative transaction for us. This transaction builds upon our existing strategy of utilizing free cash flow from our shorter life, Gulf Coast Basin assets to develop our longer life resource assets. We plan to utilize a portion of the free cash flow generated from these acquired properties to accelerate the development of our Woodford Shale and Cotton Valley resource plays.
We expect to finance our future acquisition activities, if consummated, through cash on hand or available borrowings under our bank credit facility. We may also utilize sales of equity or debt securities, sales of properties or assets or joint venture arrangements with industry partners, if necessary. We cannot assure you that such additional financings will be available on acceptable terms, if at all.

18


Disclosure Regarding Forward Looking Statements
This Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical facts included in and incorporated by reference into this Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks, trends and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. Among those risks, trends and uncertainties are our ability to integrate our recently completed acquisitions with our operations and realize the anticipated benefits from the acquisitions, any unexpected costs or delays in connection with the acquisitions, our ability to find oil and natural gas reserves that are economically recoverable, the volatility of oil and natural gas prices and significantly depressed natural gas prices since the middle of 2008, the uncertain economic conditions in the United States and globally, the declines in the values of our properties that have resulted and may in the future result in additional ceiling test write-downs, our ability to replace reserves and sustain production, our estimate of the sufficiency of our existing capital sources, our ability to raise additional capital to fund cash requirements for future operations, the uncertainties involved in prospect development and property acquisitions or dispositions and in projecting future rates of production or future reserves, the timing of development expenditures and drilling of wells, hurricanes and other natural disasters, changes in laws and regulations as they relate to our operations, including our fracing operations in shale plays or our operations in the Gulf of Mexico, and the operating hazards attendant to the oil and gas business. In particular, careful consideration should be given to cautionary statements made in the various reports the Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company undertakes no duty to update or revise these forward-looking statements.
When used in this Form 10-Q, the words, “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “estimate” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Because these forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements for a number of important reasons, including those discussed under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We experience market risks primarily in two areas: commodity prices and interest rates. Because our properties are located within the United States, we do not believe that our business operations are exposed to significant foreign currency exchange risks.
Our revenues are derived from the sale of our crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production. Based on projected sales volumes for the remainder of 2014, a 10% change in the prices we receive for our crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production would have an approximate $13.7 million impact on our revenues.
We seek to reduce our exposure to commodity price volatility by hedging a portion of production through commodity derivative instruments. In the settlement of a typical hedge transaction, we will have the right to receive from the counterparties to the hedge the excess of the fixed price specified in the hedge over a floating price based on a market index multiplied by the quantity hedged. If the floating price exceeds the fixed price, we are required to pay the counterparties this difference multiplied by the quantity hedged. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, we paid $3.4 million to the counterparties to our derivative instruments in connection with net hedge settlements.
We are required to pay the difference between the floating price and the fixed price (when the floating price exceeds the fixed price) regardless of whether we have sufficient production to cover the quantities specified in the hedge. Significant reductions in production at times when the floating price exceeds the fixed price could require us to make payments under the hedge agreements even though such payments are not offset by sales of production. Hedging will also prevent us from receiving the full advantage of increases in oil or gas prices above the fixed amount specified in the hedge.
Our Credit Agreement requires that the counterparties to our hedge contracts be lenders under the Credit Agreement or, if not a lender under the Credit Agreement, rated A/A2 or higher by S&P or Moody’s. Currently, the counterparties to our existing hedge contracts are lenders under the Credit Agreement. To the extent we enter into additional hedge contracts, we would expect that certain of the lenders under the Credit Agreement would serve as counterparties.

19


As of March 31, 2014, we had entered into the following oil and gas contracts:
Production Period
Instrument
Type
Daily Volumes
Weighted
Average Price
Natural Gas:
 
 
 
April - December 2014
Swap
45,000 Mmbtu
$4.14
Crude Oil:
 
 
 
April - June 2014
Swap (LLS)
450 Bbls
$100.58
April - December 2014
Swap (LLS)
400 Bbls
$101.15
April - December 2014
Swap (WTI)
350 Bbls
$93.26
At March 31, 2014, we had an accumulated other comprehensive loss of approximately $4.5 million related to the estimated fair value of our effective cash flow hedges. Based on estimated future commodity prices as of March 31, 2014, we would realize a $2.8 million loss, net of taxes, during the next 12 months. This loss is expected to be reclassified based on the schedule of oil and gas volumes stipulated in the derivative contracts.
During April 2014, we entered into the following additional hedge contract accounted for as a cash flow hedge:
Production Period
Instrument
Type
Daily Volumes
Weighted
Average Price
Crude Oil:
 
 
 
July - December 2014
Swap (LLS)
250 Bbls
$100.90
After executing the above transaction, the Company has approximately 12.4 Bcf of gas volumes, at an average price of $4.14 per Mcf, and 293,200 barrels of oil volumes at $98.44 hedged for the remainder of 2014.
Debt outstanding under our bank credit facility is subject to a floating interest rate and represents 18% of our total debt as of March 31, 2014. Based upon an analysis utilizing the actual interest rate in effect and balances outstanding as of March 31, 2014, and assuming a 10% increase in interest rates and no change in the amount of debt outstanding, the potential effect on interest expense for 2014 is $0.1 million.
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, completed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded:
i.
that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure (a) that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (b) that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure; and
ii.
that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, there can be no assurance that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures will detect or uncover all failures of persons within the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in the Company’s periodic reports. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

20

Part II
Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
NONE.

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

Oil and natural gas prices are volatile, and an extended decline in the prices of oil and natural gas would likely have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity, ability to meet our financial obligations and results of operations.

Our future financial condition, revenues, results of operations, profitability and future growth, and the carrying value of our oil and natural gas properties depend primarily on the prices we receive for our oil and natural gas production. Our ability to maintain or increase our borrowing capacity and to obtain additional capital on attractive terms also substantially depends upon oil and natural gas prices. Historically, the markets for oil and natural gas have been volatile. For example, for the four years ended December 31, 2013, the NYMEX-WTI oil price ranged from a high of $113.93 per Bbl to a low of $68.01 per Bbl, while the NYMEX-Henry Hub natural gas price ranged from a high of $6.01 per MMBtu to a low of $1.91 per MMBtu. These markets will likely continue to be volatile in the future. The prices we will receive for our production, and the levels of our production, will depend on numerous factors beyond our control.
These factors include:
•
relatively minor changes in the supply of or the demand for oil and natural gas;
•
the condition of the United States and worldwide economies;
•
market uncertainty;
•
the level of consumer product demand;
•
weather conditions in the United States, such as hurricanes;
•
the actions of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries;
•
domestic and foreign governmental regulation and taxes, including price controls adopted by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission;
•
political conditions or hostilities in oil and natural gas producing regions, including the Middle East and South America;
•
the price and level of foreign imports of oil and natural gas; and
•
the price and availability of alternate fuel sources.
We cannot predict future oil and natural gas prices and such prices may decline further. An extended decline in oil and natural gas prices may adversely affect our financial condition, liquidity, ability to meet our financial obligations and results of operations. Lower prices have reduced and may further reduce the amount of oil and natural gas that we can produce economically and has required and may require us to record additional ceiling test write-downs and may cause our estimated proved reserves at December 31, 2014 to decline compared to our estimated proved reserves at December 31, 2013. Substantially all of our oil and natural gas sales are made in the spot market or pursuant to contracts based on spot market prices. Our sales are not made pursuant to long-term fixed price contracts.
To attempt to reduce our price risk, we periodically enter into hedging transactions with respect to a portion of our expected future production. We cannot assure you that such transactions will reduce the risk or minimize the effect of any decline in oil or natural gas prices. Any substantial or extended decline in the prices of or demand for oil or natural gas would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity, ability to meet our financial obligations and results of operations.

21


Our outstanding indebtedness may adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to operate our business, remain in compliance with debt covenants and make payments on our debt.
As of March 31, 2014, the aggregate amount of our outstanding indebtedness, net of cash on hand, was $413.0 million. We have $75 million of additional availability under our bank credit facility, subject, however, to limitations on incurrence of indebtedness under the indenture governing our 10% senior notes due 2017, which we refer to as our 10% notes. In addition, we may also incur additional indebtedness in the future. Specifically, our high level of debt could have important consequences for you, including the following:
•
it may be more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our outstanding indebtedness, including our 10% notes, and any failure to comply with the obligations of any of our debt agreements, including financial and other restrictive covenants, could result in an event of default under the agreements governing such indebtedness;
•
the covenants contained in our debt agreements limit our ability to borrow money in the future for acquisitions, capital expenditures or to meet our operating expenses or other general corporate obligations and may limit our flexibility in operating our business;
•
we will need to use a substantial portion of our cash flows to pay interest on our debt, approximately $35 million per year for interest on our 10% notes alone, and to pay quarterly dividends, if declared by our Board of Directors, on our Series B Preferred Stock of approximately $5.1 million per year, which will reduce the amount of money we have for operations, capital expenditures, expansion, acquisitions or general corporate or other business activities;
•
the amount of our interest expense may increase because certain of our borrowings in the future may be at variable rates of interest, which, if interest rates increase, could result in higher interest expense;
•
we may have a higher level of debt than some of our competitors, which may put us at a competitive disadvantage;
•
we may be more vulnerable to economic downturns and adverse developments in our industry or the economy in general, especially extended or further declines in oil and natural gas prices; and
•
our debt level could limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate.
Our ability to meet our expenses and debt obligations will depend on our future performance, which will be affected by financial, business, economic, regulatory and other factors. We will not be able to control many of these factors, such as economic conditions and governmental regulation. We cannot be certain that our cash flow from operations will be sufficient to allow us to pay the principal and interest on our debt, including our 10% notes, and meet our other obligations. If we do not have enough cash to service our debt, we may be required to refinance all or part of our existing debt, including our 10% notes, sell assets, borrow more money or raise equity. We may not be able to refinance our debt, sell assets, borrow more money or raise equity on terms acceptable to us, if at all.
Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to repurchases of our common stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2014.
 
Total Number of
Shares Purchased (1)
 
Average Price
Paid Per Share
 
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
or Program
 
Maximum Number (or
Approximate Dollar
Value) of Shares that
May be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs
January 1 - January 31, 2014
509

 
$
4.17

 
—

 
—

February 1 - February 28, 2014
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

March 1 - March 31, 2014
9,606

 
5.10

 
—

 
—

Total
10,115

 
$
5.06

 
—

 
—

 ________________________
(1)
All shares repurchased were surrendered by employees to pay tax withholding upon the vesting of restricted stock awards.


22

Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
NONE.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
NONE.

Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION
NONE.

Item 6. EXHIBITS
10.1 Executive Employment Agreement dated February 1, 2014 between PetroQuest Energy, Inc. and Edward E. Abels, Jr. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 5, 2014).

 
10.2 Termination Agreement dated February 1, 2014 between PetroQuest Energy, Inc. and Edward E. Abels, Jr. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 5, 2014).

 
10.3 Seventh Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of March 31, 2014, among PetroQuest Energy, Inc., PetroQuest Energy, L.L.C., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., Capital One, N.A., Iberiabank, Bank of America, N.A. and The Bank of Nova Scotia (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2014).

 
Exhibit 31.1, Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13-a-14(a)/Rule 15d-14(a), promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
Exhibit 31.2, Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13-a-14(a)/Rule 15d-14(a), promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
Exhibit 32.1, Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
Exhibit 32.2, Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
Exhibit 101.INS, XBRL Instance Document
 
Exhibit 101.SCH, XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 
Exhibit 101.CAL, XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
Exhibit 101.DEF, XBRL Taxonomy Definitions Linkbase Document
 
Exhibit 101.LAB, XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
 
Exhibit 101.PRE, XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document


23

SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
PETROQUEST ENERGY, INC.
 
 
 
Date:
May 7, 2014
/s/ J. Bond Clement
 
 
J. Bond Clement
Executive Vice President, Chief
(Authorized Officer and Principal
Financial Officer)

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