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Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

x                              QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014

 

OR

 

o                                 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission File No. 000-51448

 

Hittite Microwave Corporation

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

04-2854672

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)

 

2 Elizabeth Drive

Chelmsford, Massachusetts 01824

(Address of Principal Executive Offices and Zip Code)

 

(978) 250-3343

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a “smaller reporting company” (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Large accelerated filer  x             Accelerated filer  o            Non-accelerated filer  o           Smaller reporting company o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

 

As of April 24, 2014, Hittite Microwave Corporation had 31,371,964 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

 

 

 



Table of Contents

 

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORPORATION

 

FORM 10-Q

 

March 31, 2014

 

INDEX

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1.

Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

 

 

 

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

 

 

 

 

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

 

 

 

 

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

 

 

 

 

 

 

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1a.

Risk Factors

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 5.

Other Information

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 6.

Exhibits

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signatures

 

 

 

 

2



Table of Contents

 

PART I.                FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1.                       Financial Statements

 

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

 

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

March 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2013

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

172,385

 

$

118,600

 

Marketable securities

 

319,971

 

353,947

 

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $334

 

39,141

 

36,186

 

Inventories

 

77,034

 

76,020

 

Income taxes receivable

 

174

 

5,991

 

Deferred taxes

 

10,152

 

13,399

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

3,251

 

2,997

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current assets

 

622,108

 

607,140

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

38,186

 

39,433

 

Deferred taxes

 

2,006

 

1,725

 

Other assets

 

10,577

 

8,190

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

672,877

 

$

656,488

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

5,326

 

$

4,971

 

Accrued commissions

 

1,194

 

1,567

 

Accrued payroll and benefits

 

4,926

 

4,059

 

Accrued other expenses

 

4,691

 

4,760

 

Income taxes payable

 

1,314

 

193

 

Customer advances

 

4,012

 

3,919

 

Deferred revenue

 

2,278

 

2,816

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

 

23,741

 

22,285

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term income taxes payable

 

6,709

 

5,839

 

Deferred taxes

 

33

 

232

 

Other liabilities

 

95

 

103

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities

 

30,578

 

28,459

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 4)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, $.01 par value: 5,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013

 

 

 

Common stock, $.01 par value: 200,000 shares authorized; 31,376 and 31,390 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively

 

314

 

314

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

208,221

 

204,803

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(853

)

(823

)

Retained earnings

 

434,617

 

423,735

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

642,299

 

628,029

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

672,877

 

$

656,488

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

3



Table of Contents

 

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

2014

 

2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

$

70,608

 

$

67,696

 

Cost of revenue

 

23,014

 

17,797

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross profit

 

47,594

 

49,899

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development

 

11,895

 

13,218

 

Sales and marketing

 

6,944

 

5,790

 

General and administrative

 

3,732

 

3,771

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

 

22,571

 

22,779

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from operations

 

25,023

 

27,120

 

Interest income

 

81

 

66

 

Other (expense) income, net

 

(33

)

30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

 

25,071

 

27,216

 

Provision for income taxes

 

8,625

 

9,618

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

16,446

 

$

17,598

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share:

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

0.52

 

$

0.58

 

Diluted

 

$

0.52

 

$

0.57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

31,363

 

30,540

 

Diluted

 

31,394

 

31,049

 

Dividends paid per share

 

$

0.15

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

4



Table of Contents

 

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

(in thousands)

 

2014

 

2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

16,446

 

$

17,598

 

Foreign currency translation adjustments

 

(32

)

(556

)

Unrealized gain on marketable securities, net of tax

 

2

 

2

 

Comprehensive income

 

$

16,416

 

$

17,044

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

5



Table of Contents

 

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

(in thousands)

 

2014

 

2013

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

16,446

 

$

17,598

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

2,988

 

2,044

 

Amortization

 

470

 

680

 

Deferred taxes

 

2,776

 

31

 

Provision for excess and obsolete inventory

 

1,068

 

524

 

Stock-based compensation

 

3,479

 

3,474

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

(2,940

)

(4,455

)

Inventories

 

(2,080

)

(6,575

)

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

(3,129

)

(632

)

Deferred revenue and customer advances

 

(445

)

(558

)

Accounts payable

 

357

 

684

 

Accrued expenses

 

422

 

4,204

 

Income taxes receivable and payable

 

7,802

 

6,332

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

27,214

 

23,351

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property and equipment

 

(1,797

)

(1,834

)

Purchases of marketable securities

 

(146,951

)

(109,961

)

Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities

 

180,980

 

60,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 

32,232

 

(51,795

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

 

 

234

 

Payment of withholding taxes in connection with vesting of restricted stock

 

(857

)

(2,444

)

Excess income tax benefit related to stock-based compensation plans

 

(60

)

1,078

 

Payment of dividends

 

(4,707

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash used in financing activities

 

(5,624

)

(1,132

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

(37

)

(256

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

53,785

 

(29,832

)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

 

118,600

 

269,157

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

 

$

172,385

 

$

239,325

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

6



Table of Contents

 

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORPORATION

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(Unaudited)

1. General

 

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements presented herein have been prepared by Hittite Microwave Corporation (the Company), are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments, consisting only of normal, recurring adjustments and accruals, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position at March 31, 2014, results of operations for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, comprehensive income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, and cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The condensed consolidated balance sheet presented as of December 31, 2013 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP.

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are presented as permitted by Form 10-Q and do not contain all of the information that is included in the annual financial statements and notes of the Company. The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes presented herein should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

The Company operates in one reportable segment: the design, development and production of integrated circuits, modules, subsystems and instrumentation.

 

7



Table of Contents

 

2.     Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company measures at fair value certain financial assets and financial liabilities. Fair value is the price that would be received for an asset, or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability, in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs used to measure fair value, arranged in a hierarchy that maximizes the use of observable inputs:

 

Level 1:

Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

 

Level 2:

Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities.

 

 

Level 3:

Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity.

 

 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets that were measured at fair value within the fair value hierarchy:

 

 

 

March 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2013

 

 

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Cash equivalents

 

$

121,740

 

$

 

$

 

$

121,740

 

$

87,694

 

$

 

$

 

$

87,694

 

Marketable securities

 

319,971

 

 

 

319,971

 

350,952

 

2,995

 

 

353,947

 

Total

 

$

441,711

 

$

 

$

 

$

441,711

 

$

438,646

 

$

2,995

 

$

 

$

441,641

 

 

Cash equivalents include money market funds as well as highly rated government securities with maturities of three months or less at the time of acquisition. The Company’s portfolio of marketable securities consists of treasury bills, treasury notes and certificates of deposit, which are classified as available-for-sale. Treasury bills and treasury notes consist of debt securities issued by the U.S. Government. Gross unrealized gains and losses are immaterial for the periods presented. The effective maturity dates of these investments are less than one year.

 

8



Table of Contents

 

3. Inventories

 

Net inventories consist of the following:

 

(in thousands)

 

March 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Raw materials

 

$

49,126

 

$

50,593

 

Work in process

 

14,516

 

12,139

 

Finished goods

 

13,392

 

13,288

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

77,034

 

$

76,020

 

 

 

The Company is transitioning away from one of its foundries from which it sources a substantial portion of its GaAs wafers. The Company is working with the foundry to manage this transition with the goal of maintaining adequate supplies of the affected products over their natural life cycles, which are typically five to ten years. The Company has continued to make purchases of raw materials inventory from this foundry in order to support the products which have the longest life cycles. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, raw material inventory includes approximately $35,200,000 and $38,000,000, respectively, of advance purchases of wafers from this foundry.

 

4. Commitments and Contingencies

 

Indemnification

 

In connection with the sale of products in the ordinary course of business, the Company often makes representations affirming, among other things, that its products do not infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, and agrees to indemnify customers against third-party claims for such infringement. Further, the Company’s by-laws require it to indemnify its officers and directors against any action that may arise out of their services in that capacity, and the Company has also entered into indemnification agreements with respect to all of its directors. The Company has not been subject to any material liabilities under such provisions and therefore believes that its exposure for these indemnification obligations is minimal. Accordingly, the Company has no liabilities recorded for these indemnity agreements as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

 

Product Warranties

 

The Company provides product warranties in conjunction with certain product sales. Generally, product sales are accompanied by a one-year warranty period. These warranties cover factors such as nonconformance to specifications and defects in material and workmanship. Estimated standard warranty costs are recorded in the period in which the related product sales occur. The Company’s warranty accrual and related expense were immaterial to the Company’s financial position and results of operations for the periods presented herein.

 

9



Table of Contents

 

Intellectual Property Claims

 

In recent years there has been significant litigation involving intellectual property rights in many technology-based industries, including the Company’s. Because patent applications often are not disclosed until a patent is issued, it is not always possible for the Company to know whether patent applications are pending that might be infringed by its products, and there could be issued patents that are pertinent to the Company’s business of which it is not aware. The Company’s products may also be claimed to infringe intellectual property rights of others as a result of activities by its foundries or other suppliers with respect to which it has no control or knowledge.

 

The Company has from time to time been the subject of litigation alleging that sales by the Company of its products infringe patents held by such third parties. In addition, the Company has from time to time received letters asserting that it infringes patents held by third parties that have not resulted in litigation. The Company has incurred significant costs in investigating and defending intellectual property claims, and there can be no assurance that pending or future litigation or claims relating to infringement of third-party intellectual property rights can be resolved in a manner favorable to the Company. Claims relating to the alleged infringement by the Company of third-party proprietary rights, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming to defend and could harm the Company’s working relationships with its foundries and customers, damage its reputation, result in substantial and unanticipated costs associated with litigation, require the Company to enter into royalty or licensing agreements, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all, or result in the payment by the Company of substantial damages. If any of the Company’s products were found to infringe the intellectual property rights of any third party and if a license were not available on reasonable terms, the Company could be required to redesign the infringing product so as not to infringe, which could be time consuming and costly, or if this is not feasible, could be required to withdraw the infringing product from the market.

 

10



Table of Contents

 

5. Earnings per Share

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

2014

 

2013

Basic earnings per share:

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

16,446

 

$

17,598

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

31,363

 

30,540

 

 

 

 

 

Basic earnings per share

 

$

0.52

 

$

0.58

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted earnings per share:

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

16,446

 

$

17,598

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

31,363

 

30,540

Effect of dilutive equity awards

 

31

 

509

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted weighted average shares — diluted

 

31,394

 

31,049

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted earnings per share

 

$

0.52

 

$

0.57

 

The dilutive effect of outstanding equity awards, in the form of stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units, is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method, which includes consideration of unamortized compensation cost and excess tax benefits on stock-based compensation.  For all periods presented, an immaterial number of such securities were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share, as their impact would have been anti-dilutive.

 

6. Stock-Based Compensation

 

On March 7, 2014, the Company granted to nine of its executive officers: (a) a total of 25,625 time-vested restricted stock unit awards, vesting in four equal annual installments; and (b) a total of 25,625 market-based restricted stock unit awards, vesting in three equal annual installments on the second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant (the “target award”). The market conditions to which the target award is subject relate to the relative total shareholder return, or TSR, of the Company’s common stock over the two-, three- and four-year vesting periods, in comparison to the TSRs of a group of comparable companies. The number of shares constituting the target award may be increased by up to 100% in the event that the Company’s TSR is positive and exceeds the 50th percentile in the comparison group. The number of shares to be issued upon vesting is capped such that the aggregate market value of the shares delivered will not exceed three times the grant date fair value of the award as of the vesting date. The comparison group consists of the companies included in the Philadelphia Stock Exchange Semiconductor Sector (SOXX) index, a capitalization-weighted index composed of companies primarily involved in the design, distribution, manufacture and sale of semiconductors.

 

The market-based restricted stock unit awards have been classified as equity by the Company. The equity classification reflects the Company’s determination that it is not probable that the aggregate market value of the shares to be delivered upon vesting will be limited by the cap. The grant date fair market value of the market-based restricted stock unit awards will be recognized as stock-based compensation over the four-year service term whether or not the market condition is ultimately satisfied.

 

7. Dividends

 

On February 6, 2014, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had declared a cash dividend of $0.15 per common share.  The dividend totalled $4,700,000 and was paid on March 27, 2014 to shareholders of record as of March 4, 2014.

 

On April 24, 2014, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had declared a dividend of $0.15 per common share to be paid in cash on June 27, 2014 to shareholders of record as of June 4, 2014.  The Company estimates the dividend will result in a cash payment of approximately $4,700,000 in the second quarter of 2014.

 

8. Subsequent Event

 

On May 1, 2014, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Keragis Corporation, a provider of extremely high power, wideband amplifier modules, located in San Diego, California, for approximately $11,000,000 in cash.

 

11



Table of Contents

 

Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

This information should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

Description of Our Revenue, Costs and Expenses

 

Revenue.    Our revenue is derived primarily from the sale of standard and custom products. We develop standard products from our own specifications, which we sell through our direct sales organization, our network of independent sales representatives, two distributors and our website. We also develop custom products to meet the specialized requirements of individual customers, which are sold by our direct sales organization.

 

We sell our products to original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, that supply advanced electronic systems to commercial and military end users, and to these OEMs’ contract manufacturers. In general, the decision to purchase our product is made by the OEM, which has designed our product into its system. In the event that we sell to an OEM’s contract manufacturer, the contract manufacturer typically does not have discretion to replace our product with one from a different supplier.

 

Our sales cycle varies substantially, ranging from a period of a month or less when a customer selects a standard product from our selection guide or website, to as long as two years or more for custom products. In the sales process, our sales and application engineers work closely with the OEM customer to analyze the customer’s system requirements and select an appropriate standard product or establish a technical specification for a custom product. In the case of a custom product, we also select a semiconductor process and foundry, and evaluate test wafers and finished components before manufacturing in commercial quantities can begin. Volume purchases of our products by an OEM customer, or its contract manufacturer, generally do not occur until the OEM customer has made the decision to begin production of the system incorporating our product. Our receipt of substantial revenue from sales of a product to an OEM customer depends on that customer’s commercial success in manufacturing and selling its system incorporating our product. It may take several years for a newly introduced standard product to generate substantial revenue, if ever. However, the life cycles of our standard products tend to be lengthy.

 

Although most of our revenue is derived from sales of our products, we also receive a small percentage of our revenue from customer-sponsored research and development activities. These activities range from pure research, in which we investigate integrated circuit, or IC, design techniques on new semiconductor technologies at the request of a government agency or commercial customer, to custom development projects in which we are paid to enhance or modify an existing product or develop a new product to meet a customer’s specifications.

 

Cost of revenue.    Cost of revenue consists primarily of the cost of semiconductor wafers that we purchase from our third-party foundries and other materials such as packages, epoxies, connectors and production masks. Cost of revenue also includes personnel costs and overhead related to our manufacturing and engineering operations, including occupancy and equipment costs, shipping costs, charges for inventory excess and obsolescence and warranty obligations and amortization of related intangible assets.

 

Research and development.    Research and development expense consists primarily of personnel costs of our research and development organization, third-party consulting costs, costs of development wafers, license fees for computer-aided design software, costs of development testing and evaluation, costs of developing automated test software, related occupancy and equipment costs and amortization of related intangible assets. We expense all research and development costs as incurred.

 

Sales and marketing.    Sales and marketing expense consists primarily of personnel costs of our sales and marketing organization, sales commissions paid to independent sales representatives, costs of advertising, trade shows, corporate marketing, promotion, travel, related occupancy and equipment costs, amortization of related intangible assets and other marketing costs.

 

General and administrative.    General and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel costs of our executive management, finance, and other administrative staff, outside professional fees including legal and accounting, related occupancy and equipment costs and other corporate expenses.

 

Trends and Uncertainties

 

We have been transitioning away from one of our principal foundries from which we historically sourced a substantial portion of our GaAs wafers. We have been working with the foundry to manage this transition with the goal of maintaining adequate supplies of the affected products over their natural life cycles, which are typically five to ten years. The impact of this transition on our business remains uncertain. We have made larger than normal purchases of raw materials inventory from this foundry, which we refer to as advance purchases, in order to support the products which have the longest life cycles. This consumes cash and could expose us to increased risk of inventory write-offs. At March 31, 2014, raw material inventory includes $35.2 million of advance purchases of wafers from this foundry, down from $38.0 million at December 31, 2013. During this transition, we could experience adverse reactions from customers, which could affect our revenues. The productivity of our new product development efforts has been, and may continue to be, adversely affected as we divert engineering resources in order to translate certain existing products to other foundries, which could affect our profitability. Further, products translated to other foundries could have inferior performance, production yields or costs. If we fail, or are unable, to purchase adequate quantities of GaAs wafers from this foundry to meet future demand of the related products, we may lose opportunities to sell these products to our customers. If any of these events were to occur to a more significant degree than they have to date, our business, revenues, profitability and financial condition could be adversely affected.

 

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements. The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. By their nature, these estimates and judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. On an ongoing basis, we re-evaluate our judgments and estimates including those related to revenue recognition, uncollectible accounts receivable, inventories, fixed assets, intangible assets, stock-based compensation, income taxes, accrued expenses and other contingencies. We base our estimates and judgments on our historical experience and on other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making the judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and material effects on our operating results and financial position may result.

 

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For a description of the accounting policies which, in our opinion, involve the most significant application of judgment, or involve complex estimation, and which could, if different judgments or estimates were made, materially affect our reported results of operations, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

Results of Operations

 

Comparison of the Three Month Periods Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013

 

Revenue. In the three months ended March 31, 2014, our revenue increased $2.9 million, or 4.3%, to $70.6 million compared with $67.7 million in the corresponding period of 2013. Revenue from sales to customers outside the United States accounted for 60.6% of our total revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2014, compared with 55.3% in the corresponding period of 2013. Our revenue increase was primarily attributable to a $7.3 million increase in sales to the microwave and millimeterwave communications market and a $6.7 million increase in sales to the cellular market, which were partially offset by a $7.5 million decrease in sales to the test and measurement market and $4.1 million decrease in sales to the military market. We believe that the growth in sales to the microwave and millimeterwave communications and cellular markets reflects stronger demand for our products used in infrastructure projects by our telecommunications customers. The decrease in sales to the military market primarily relates to decreased volume on certain military programs, which was partially offset by higher pricing on those programs.

 

Gross margin. In the three months ended March 31, 2014, our gross margin was 67.4% compared with 73.7% in the corresponding period of 2013. The decrease in our aggregate gross margin across all products was attributable to a net 420 basis point decrease due to product mix and the impact of certain development contracts and a net 250 basis point decrease due to pricing, partially offset by a 40 basis point improvement due to lower manufacturing costs. Our gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2014 was within the low end of our operating range.

 

Research and development expense. In the three months ended March 31, 2014, our research and development expense decreased $1.3 million, or 10.0%, to $11.9 million and represented 16.8% of our revenue, compared with $13.2 million, or 19.5% of our revenue, in the corresponding period of 2013. The decrease in our research and development expense was primarily attributable to a $0.9 million decrease in supplies and materials and a $0.4 million decrease in personnel and other costs.

 

Sales and marketing expense. In the three months ended March 31, 2014, our sales and marketing expense increased $1.2 million, or 19.9%, to $6.9 million, and represented 9.8% of our revenue, compared with $5.8 million, or 8.6% of our revenue, in the corresponding period of 2013. The increase in our sales and marketing expense was primarily attributable to a $0.8 million increase in personnel costs, a $0.2 million increase in travel costs and a $0.2 million increase in advertising and other costs.

 

General and administrative expense. In the three months ended March 31, 2014, our general and administrative expense decreased slightly to $3.7 million, and represented 5.3% of our revenue, compared with $3.8 million, or 5.6% of our revenue, in the corresponding period of 2013. The decrease in our general and administrative expense was primarily attributable to a $0.5 million decrease in professional fees and other costs, partially offset by a $0.4 million increase in personnel costs.

 

Interest income. In the three months ended March 31, 2014, our interest income was $81,000 compared with $66,000 in the corresponding period of 2013. Interest income in both periods reflects the low effective yields that are available due to the current market conditions.

 

Other (expense) income, net. In the three months ended March 31, 2014, our other expense, net was $33,000 compared with other income, net of $30,000 in the corresponding period of 2013. The change was primarily due to increased net foreign currency losses.

 

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Provision for income taxes.  Our provision for income taxes decreased $1.0 million to $8.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2014, from $9.6 million in the corresponding period of 2013, representing an effective tax rate of 34.4% and 35.3% during the quarter ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

Our effective tax rate decreased 90 basis points, representing the net effect of three primary factors.  Our effective tax rate decreased by 600 basis points due to a decrease in deemed dividends from our foreign subsidiaries, pursuant to Subpart F of the Internal Revenue Code.  This decrease was partially offset by a reduction in benefits from foreign tax rate differentials and foreign tax credits, resulting in a 220 basis point increase to our effective tax rate.  Additionally, our effective tax rate increased 230 basis points due to the expiration of the federal R&D credit for expenses incurred after December 31, 2013, as well as, the impact of The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (“Act”), which was enacted on January 2, 2013.  Under the Act, the federal research and development credit was retroactively extended for amounts paid or incurred after December 31, 2011 through December 31, 2013.  The effects of the change in the tax law were recognized in the first quarter of 2013, which is the quarter in which the law was enacted.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As of March 31, 2014, we held $172.4 million of cash and cash equivalents. We also held $320.0 million of marketable securities consisting of treasury bills and treasury notes. Cash provided by our operations was $27.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2014, of which the principal components were our net income of $16.4 million and non-cash charges of $10.8 million.  Our operating assets and liabilities resulted in no net change to our cash provided by operations.  Net operating assets and liabilities includes a $7.8 million decrease in net income taxes receivable, due to the timing of tax payments and receipts and a $0.8 million increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses, due to the timing of disbursements, offset by a $3.1 million increase in prepaid expense and other assets, a $2.9 million increase in accounts receivable, related to the timing of customer shipments and collections, a $2.1 million increase in inventory and a $0.4 million net decrease in deferred revenue and customer advances, due to product shipments under contracts with advanced billings.

 

We invested $1.8 million in the purchase of property and equipment in the three months ended March 31, 2014, primarily related to production tooling equipment, test equipment and software. We purchased $147.0 million of marketable securities in the three months ended March 31, 2014, comprised of United States government treasury notes and bills, while maturities of marketable securities amounted to $181.0 million.

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2014, shares issued upon vesting of restricted stock were net of 15,090 shares retained by us to cover employee tax withholdings of $0.9 million paid by us.

 

In the three months ended March 31, 2014, we paid a cash dividend of $0.15 per share totaling $4.7 million.  Future dividends will be declared at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors and will depend upon such factors as the Board deems relevant including, among other things, our ability to generate positive cash flows from operations.

 

We believe that our cash, cash equivalents, short term investments and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements for at least the next 12 months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our rate of revenue growth, the timing and extent of spending to support product development efforts, the expansion of our sales and marketing activities, the timing and introduction of new products, the costs to ensure access to adequate manufacturing capacity and the continuing market acceptance of our products.

 

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

Item 3.                        Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

We are exposed to market risk in the ordinary course of business, which consists primarily of interest rate risk associated with our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, as well as foreign currency exchange rate risk.

 

Interest rate risk.   The primary objectives of our investment activity are to preserve principal, provide liquidity and earn a market rate of return. To minimize market risk, we maintain our portfolio in cash and diversified short-term investments, which may consist of bank deposits, money market funds and highly rated, short-term government and commercial securities. The interest rates are variable and fluctuate with current market conditions. The risk associated with fluctuating interest rates is limited to this investment portfolio. We do not believe that a 10% change in interest rates would have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

 

Foreign currency risk.   To date, our international customer sales agreements and our consolidated operating expenses have been denominated primarily in United States dollars. Accordingly, we have limited exposure to foreign currency exchange rates and do not enter into foreign currency hedging transactions.

 

The functional currency of most of our foreign operations, other than that of our subsidiaries in Ireland, is the local currency. The functional currency of our subsidiaries in Ireland is the U.S. dollar. Sales contracts and vendor purchase agreements entered into by our subsidiaries in Ireland are generally U.S. dollar denominated. The functional currency of our other foreign subsidiaries is the local currency reflecting that those subsidiaries primarily generate and expend cash in their local currency. Accordingly, the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on the net assets of these operations are accounted for as translation gains or losses in accumulated other comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity.

 

We face exposure to movements in foreign currency exchange rates whenever we, or any of our subsidiaries, enter into transactions with third parties or hold cash denominated in currencies other than our functional currency. Intercompany transactions between entities that use different functional currencies also expose us to foreign currency risk. Accordingly, the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on non-functional currency assets and liabilities are accounted for as foreign exchange gains and losses in other income (expense) within the Statement of Operations.

 

We do not believe that a change of 10% in any individual foreign currency exchange rate would have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

 

Item 4.                        Controls and Procedures

 

(a)

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide a reasonable level of assurance that we record, process, summarize and report the information we must disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, and

 

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that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.

 

The effectiveness of a system of disclosure controls and procedures is subject to various inherent limitations, including cost limitations, judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the soundness of internal controls, and the risk of fraud. Because of these limitations, there can be no assurance that any system of disclosure controls and procedures will be successful in preventing all errors or fraud or in making all material information known in a timely manner to the appropriate levels of management.

 

(b)              Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2014 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1.   Legal Proceedings

 

We are not a party to any material legal proceedings.

 

Item 1a.      Risk Factors

 

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 contains certain safe harbor provisions regarding forward-looking statements. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and other information provided by us or statements made by our directors, officers or employees from time to time, may contain “forward-looking” statements and information, which involve risks and uncertainties. Actual future results may differ materially. Statements indicating that we “expect,” “estimate,” “believe,” “are planning” or “plan to” are forward-looking, as are other statements concerning future financial results, product offerings or other events that have not yet occurred. There are several important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements. Such factors include those described below, which have not changed in any material respect as compared with the risk factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013. Although we have sought to identify the most significant risks to our business, we cannot predict whether, or to what extent, any of such risks may be realized. We also cannot assure that we have identified all possible issues which we might face. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update these risk factors or any forward-looking statements that we make.

 

Uncertain prospects for the global economy could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

We are unable to predict the future of the global economy, and there is no certainty that our business will grow in the long term. These uncertainties, including uncertainties related to the current sovereign debt crisis in certain countries in Europe, the recent U.S. Government shutdown and to the mandatory reductions in defense spending that may occur under the U.S. Budget Control Act of 2011, affect businesses such as ours in a number of ways, making it difficult to accurately forecast and plan our future business activities. Uncertain economic conditions may lead consumers, businesses and governments to reduce or postpone spending, which may cause our customers to cancel, decrease or delay their existing and future orders with us. The inability of customers to obtain credit could negatively affect our revenue and our ability to collect receivables. In addition, financial difficulties experienced by our suppliers, independent sales representatives or distributors could result in product delays, increased accounts receivable defaults and inventory challenges. If uncertain economic conditions continue or deteriorate, we may recognize charges relating to restructuring costs or the impairment of assets. These uncertainties could have a material adverse impact on our business, our ability to achieve targeted results of operations and our financial condition.

 

Our quarterly revenue and operating results are difficult to predict accurately and may fluctuate significantly from period to period. As a result, we may fail to meet the expectations of investors, which could cause our stock price to decline.

 

We operate in a highly dynamic industry and our future results could be subject to significant fluctuations, particularly on a quarterly basis. Our quarterly revenue and operating results have fluctuated significantly in the past and may continue to vary from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are not within our control. Although some of our customers, such as those who serve the military and space industries, place long-term orders with us or provide us with forecasts of their future requirements for our products, a significant percentage of our revenue in each quarter is dependent on sales that are booked and shipped during that quarter, typically attributable to a large number of orders from diverse customers and markets, which we refer to as our “turns business.” Accurately forecasting our turns business and our total revenue in any quarter is difficult. If our operating results do not meet our publicly stated guidance, if any, or the expectations of investors, our stock price may decline. Additional factors that can contribute to fluctuations in our operating results include:

 

· changes in demand for our products due to global economic conditions;

· changes in our product mix or customer mix;

· the increase, reduction, rescheduling or cancellation of significant customer orders;

· the timing of customer qualification of our products and commencement of volume sales of their systems that include our products;

· the rate at which our present and future customers adopt our technologies in our target markets;

· the timing and success of the introduction of new products and technologies by us and our competitors, and the acceptance of our new products by our customers;

· the gain or loss of one or more key customers;

· the availability, cost and quality of materials and components that we purchase from third-party vendors and any problems or delays in the fabrication, assembly, testing or delivery of our products;

· the quality of our products and any remediation costs; and

· changes in our effective tax rate.

 

Due to these and other factors, quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our historical operating results should not be relied upon as accurate indicators of our future performance.

 

As a fabless company, we depend on third-party foundries to manufacture semiconductor wafers that are critical to our products, which makes us susceptible to supply shortages or loss of supply, price fluctuations and quality risks that could adversely affect our operating results.

 

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We obtain all the semiconductor wafers used in our products from third-party wafer fabrication facilities, known as foundries. Our principal third-party foundries include Cree in North Carolina, Global Communications Semiconductors in California, IBM in Vermont, Northrop Grumman in California, Telefunken Semiconductors in Germany, TriQuint Semiconductor in Oregon and Texas, Tower/Jazz in California, TSMC in Washington and Taiwan, UMS in France and WIN Semiconductors in Taiwan. We typically rely on a single foundry for the production of the wafer used in a particular product. We generally have not had long term supply agreements with our foundries. Our agreements with our foundries fix the prices at which we purchase wafers from them, typically for a period of one year.

 

Our reliance on third-party foundries involves a number of risks. These include uncertainties as to availability of manufacturing capacity, reduced control over our manufacturing costs, delivery times, reliability and process quality, which can adversely affect the quality of our components produced from these wafers, the possible misappropriation of our technology and the possibility that third parties may claim that our products infringe their intellectual property as a result of activities by our foundries. In addition to wafers, we also purchase a number of other key components and services from sole source suppliers or a limited number of suppliers, which exposes us to similar risks. For example, we rely on a small number of subcontractors, primarily in Asia and the United States, to package some of our products, particularly those that utilize standard plastic encapsulated packages.

 

The ability of our suppliers to meet our requirements could be impaired or interrupted by constraints on their manufacturing capacity or by a variety of other factors beyond their control, such as earthquakes or other natural phenomena, labor strikes or shortages or political unrest. One supplier of wafers that are used in a significant number of our products has, in the past, experienced financial difficulties. Financial or other difficulties faced by our suppliers, or significant changes in demand for the components, materials or services they use in the products they supply to us, could limit the availability of those products to us.

 

The number of foundries that can provide the advanced gallium arsenide, or GaAs, processes that currently account for most of our wafer purchases is limited. Growth in global demand for RF components, particularly for use in smart phones and other mobile devices, has led to higher utilization at many GaAs foundries, and at least one of our foundries has experienced capacity constraints that have affected its operations. Several of our foundries, including TriQuint Semiconductor, UMS and (to a lesser extent) Northrop Grumman, also compete with us in the business of developing and selling semiconductor ICs, which could affect their willingness to continue to supply us or others with foundry services or otherwise result in their having objectives that conflict with ours. As a result of these or other factors, one or more of our foundries or other suppliers could in the future be unable to, or elect not to, make available to us adequate manufacturing capacity to meet our requirements, extend their lead times or seek to increase the prices of materials we purchase from them as their contracts with us expire. If any of these events were to occur, our operations could be adversely affected.

 

We are in the process of transitioning away from one of our principal foundry suppliers, which creates uncertainties that could affect our business, revenues, profitability and financial condition.

 

We have been transitioning away from one of our principal foundries from which we historically sourced a substantial portion of our GaAs wafers. We have been working with the foundry to manage this transition with the goal of maintaining adequate supplies of the affected products over their natural life cycles, which are typically five to ten years. The impact of this transition on our business remains uncertain. We have made larger than normal purchases of raw materials inventory from this foundry, which we refer to as advance purchases, in order to support the products which have the longest life cycles. This consumes cash and could expose us to increased risk of inventory write-offs. At March 31, 2014, raw material inventory includes $35.2 million of advance purchases of wafers from this foundry. During this transition, we could experience adverse reactions from customers, which could affect our revenues, and the productivity of our new product development efforts has been, and may continue to be, adversely affected as we divert engineering resources in order to translate certain existing products to other foundries, which could affect our profitability. Further, products translated to other foundries could have inferior performance, production yields or costs. If we fail, or are unable, to purchase adequate quantities of GaAs wafers from this foundry to meet future demand of the related products, we may lose opportunities to sell these products to

 

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our customers. If any of these events were to occur to a more significant degree than they have to date, our business, revenues, profitability and financial condition could be adversely affected.

 

Our financial results are exposed to the cyclicality of the semiconductor industry and our end markets.

 

In addition to being subject to such broad, macroeconomic conditions, the semiconductor industry in general, and the market segments within that industry that we serve, are cyclical in nature and have experienced, and may in the future experience, significant fluctuations in supply and demand. Such fluctuations could result in product overcapacity, high inventory levels and accelerated erosion of average selling prices, affecting one or more of the markets we serve. These adverse effects could occur even during periods of growth in the broader economy. Downturns in many sectors of the electronic systems industry have in the past contributed to weak demand for semiconductor products, which has sometimes lasted for extended periods of time. A period of weak demand could adversely impact our revenue and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

If our principal markets fail to grow or experience declines, our revenue may suffer.

 

Although our products are used in a variety of markets, our future growth depends to a significant extent on the success of our principal markets, which are automotive, broadband, cellular infrastructure, fiber optics, microwave and millimeterwave communications, military, space and test and measurement systems. Revenue derived from our three largest markets, military, microwave and millimeterwave communications and test and measurement, represented, in the aggregate 74.0% and 75.6% of our annual revenue in 2013 and 2012, respectively. In 2011, our three largest markets were military, microwave and millimeterwave communications and cellular infrastructure, which accounted for, in the aggregate, 76.8% of our annual revenue. Given the current economic climate, the rate at which our principal markets will grow or decline is difficult to predict. These markets may fail to grow or may decline for many reasons, including insufficient consumer demand, lack of access to capital, changes in the United States defense budget and procurement processes and changes in regulatory environments. If demand for electronic systems in which our products are incorporated declines, fails to grow, or grows more slowly than we anticipate, our revenue could decline.

 

A decline in the U.S. Government defense budget, changes in spending or budgetary priorities, prolonged U.S. Government shutdown or delays in contract awards may significantly and adversely affect our future revenues, cash flow and financial results.

 

Our operating results have in the past been, and could in the future be, adversely affected by spending caps or changes in the budgetary priorities of the U.S. Government or the Department of Defense, as well as delays in program starts or the award of contracts. Current U.S. Government spending levels for defense-related programs may not be sustained and future spending and program authorizations may not increase or may decrease or shift to programs in areas in which we do not participate. Such changes in spending authorizations and budgetary priorities may occur as a result of the rapid growth of the federal budget deficit, increasing political pressure and legislation, including the Budget Control Act of 2011, designed to reduce overall levels of government spending, including through sequestration, shifts in spending priorities from defense-related programs as a result of competing demands for federal funds, the number and intensity of military conflicts or other factors. Further, the failure of Congress to pass an interim or full-year budget in the immediate future, or increase the amount the U.S. Government is authorized to borrow (commonly referred to as the debt ceiling), could disrupt our business. These uncertainties could have a material adverse impact on our business, our ability to achieve targeted results of operations and our financial condition.

 

If we fail to develop new products that achieve market acceptance or fail to introduce new products that enable us to address additional markets, our operating results could be adversely affected.

 

The markets for our products are characterized by frequent new product introductions and changes in product and process technologies. The future success of our business and continued growth in our revenue will depend on our ability to develop new products for existing and new markets, introduce these products in a cost-effective and timely manner and have our products designed into the products of OEMs. The development of new high

 

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performance semiconductor ICs, modules, subsystems and instrumentation is highly complex, and from time to time we may experience delays in completing the development and introduction of new products or fail to efficiently manufacture such products in the early production phase. As the complexity and degree of integration of our products increases, maintaining or increasing our historical rate of new product introductions will become increasingly challenging. Our ability to successfully develop, manufacture, introduce and deliver new types of high performance semiconductor ICs, modules, subsystems and instrumentation will depend on various factors, including our ability to:

 

· attract and retain skilled engineering personnel;

· accurately understand market requirements;

· complete and introduce new products;

· achieve design wins with our customers;

· obtain adequate supplies of materials and components that meet our quality requirements; and

· achieve adequate manufacturing yields.

 

Furthermore, a newly introduced standard product generally has little immediate impact on our revenue. A new standard product may not generate meaningful revenue for two or more years, if ever. In the meantime, we will have incurred expenses to design and produce the product, and we may not recover these expenses if demand for the product fails to reach forecasted levels. As the complexity and level of integration of our products has grown, the number of new products that we have introduced each year has decreased in each of the last three years, and the average investment in research and development cost in each such new product has increased. We believe the revenue potential of these new products justifies this larger investment. However, greater concentration of our research and development resources on a smaller number of products increases the risk of harm to our business if any one of these new products fails to achieve market acceptance.

 

Our gross margin fluctuates from period to period, which affects our results of operations.

 

Our gross margin has fluctuated on a quarterly basis. For example, our quarterly gross margin since the first quarter of 2010 has ranged from a low of 67.3% to a high of 74.8%, including sequential, quarterly variations as high as 390 basis points, as in the fourth quarter of 2013. We believe that our gross margin in prior periods has been at the high end of what we consider our normal range, while our gross margin of 67.3% in the fourth quarter of 2013 was at the lower end of our normal range. A number of factors can cause our gross margin to fluctuate from period to period. Our gross margin in any period is significantly affected by industry demand and the intensity of competition in the markets into which we sell our products. Our gross margin is also significantly affected by product mix, that is, the percentage of our revenue in that period that is attributable to higher or lower margin products, and by pricing, including fluctuations in the relative proportion of high volume orders, on which we offer higher discounts. In addition, we may from time to time enter into development contracts, typically with government customers, that initially generate low gross margins, in the hope that these development projects will lead to higher margin production contracts. Such contracts may initially have an adverse effect on our gross margin.

 

Additional factors affecting our gross margin include changes in the cost of wafers and materials, the timing of indirect costs for pre-production masks and evaluation materials, project cost variations on customer-funded contracts, changes in overhead absorption, charges for excess or obsolescent inventory, changes in manufacturing efficiencies, and other factors, some of which are not under our control. Our margin also can be substantially affected by variations in our manufacturing yields. Our yields depend on many factors that we control, such as product design and the effectiveness of our own assembly and test operations, but they are also affected by the activities of third parties, such as the foundries and packaging and test subcontractors that supply us with critical materials and services, that are beyond our control. Our margins may also be adversely affected by the transition away from one of our principal foundry suppliers discussed above. As a result of these or other factors, our gross margin may fluctuate, or even trend down over time. A significant decrease in our gross margin would affect our profitability and likely have an adverse effect on our stock price.

 

We may be subject to claims that we are infringing third-party intellectual property rights, which could result in costly and lengthy litigation that could harm our business.

 

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In recent years there has been significant litigation involving intellectual property rights in many technology-based industries, including our own. Because patent applications often are not disclosed until a patent issues, it is not always possible for us to know whether patent applications are pending that might be infringed by our products, and there could be issued patents that are pertinent to our business of which we are not aware. Our products may also be claimed to infringe intellectual property rights of others as a result of activities by our foundries or other suppliers with respect to which we have no control or knowledge. In connection with the sale of our products, we often make representations affirming, among other things, that our products do not infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, and we agree to indemnify customers against third-party claims of such infringement.

 

We have from time to time been the subject of litigation alleging that sales by us of our products infringe patents held by such third parties. We have also from time to time received letters asserting that we infringe patents held by third parties that have not resulted in litigation. We have incurred significant costs in investigating and defending these actions and claims, and there can be no assurance that these or any other pending or future litigation or claims relating to infringement of third-party intellectual property rights can be resolved in a manner favorable to us. Any claims relating to the alleged infringement by us of third-party proprietary rights, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming to defend and could harm our working relationships with our foundries and customers, damage our reputation, result in substantial and unanticipated costs associated with litigation, require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all, or result in the payment by us of substantial damages. If any of our products were found to infringe the intellectual property rights of any third party and if a license were not available on reasonable terms, we could be required to redesign the infringing product so as not to infringe, which could be time consuming and costly, or if this is not feasible, we could be required to withdraw the infringing product from the market.

 

Operations at our Chelmsford, Massachusetts facilities and at our warehouse facility in Malaysia that are critical to our business are subject to disruption from a variety of causes, including those that may be beyond our control.

 

Our executive management, sales, marketing and administrative functions in the United States, and a substantial portion of our research and development and product design activities, are carried out at our headquarters facility in Chelmsford, Massachusetts, while final assembly of our module and subsystem-level products, and final testing for most of our products, are carried out at our separate manufacturing facility, also located nearby in Chelmsford, Massachusetts. These activities are critical to our business, and could be affected by disruptions such as electrical power outages, fire, earthquake, flooding, acts of terrorism, health advisories or risks, or other natural or man-made disasters that could damage these facilities. Additionally, a majority of our raw materials inventory is held in a warehouse facility operated by a third party in Malaysia, and is subject to risks of theft, fire, earthquake, flooding and other similar casualty risks. Although we seek to mitigate these risks by maintaining casualty and business interruption insurance, this insurance would not be adequate to protect against all the consequences of such occurrences. A major disruption affecting our Chelmsford assembly and test operations, or our Malaysia warehouse, could cause significant delays in shipments until we are able to procure and outfit another suitable facility or to qualify and contract with alternative third party suppliers, or procure replacement inventory, processes which could take many months. A significant portion of the inventory held in our Malaysia warehouse consists of advance purchase material procured from a foundry from which we likely would not be able to obtain replacement inventory. Loss of this inventory would therefore result in a substantial loss of revenue that would likely not be covered by insurance, and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Even if alternative assembly and test capacity or sources of supply are available, we may not be able to obtain them on a timely basis, or favorable terms, which could result in higher costs and/or a loss of customers.

 

We may be subject to information technology system failures, network disruptions and breaches in data security.

 

Information technology system failures, network disruptions and breaches of data security could disrupt our operations by causing delays or cancellation of customer orders, impeding the manufacture or shipment of products, preventing the processing of transactions and interfering with the accurate reporting of our financial results. They could also result in the unintentional disclosure of confidential information about our company, or our intellectual property, or with respect to our customers and employees. While we have taken, and will continue to take, steps to

 

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address these concerns by implementing network security and internal control measures, there can be no assurance that a system failure or data security breach will not have a material adverse effect on our business or our financial condition or operating results.

 

We may not be able to effectively manage the challenges associated with global business expansion, including the need to make improvements in our infrastructure and systems, and any failure by us to manage these challenges could harm our business and operating results.

 

We have expanded internationally, including our acquisition of Arctic Silicon Devices in Norway, the establishment of our international operations center in Ireland, the opening of our new design center in Egypt and the establishment of a warehouse facility operated by a third party in Malaysia. Our long-term global expansion project has many goals, including optimizing how we execute our growing international business. We believe that our new corporate structure will enable us to service our international customers, better manage our global suppliers and have significant long-term benefits, including improving customer satisfaction, reducing manufacturing cost and cycle times and lowering our financial risk.

 

It requires significant attention and resources to manage geographically dispersed operations, and the recent expansion of our headcount and in the geographical scope of our operations have placed additional demands on our management and other resources. To accommodate any future growth, we must continue to expand and upgrade our operational and financial systems, procedures and controls, and other internal management systems. As a result of our international expansion and the increasing scale and complexity of our operations, we are now in the process of implementing an entirely new ERP system with substantially greater functionality, a project that we expect will not be completed until at least the second quarter of 2014.

 

These projects and other planned improvements to our facilities and our operational, financial and management information systems require substantial managerial and financial resources, and our efforts in this regard may not be successful. The implementation of new or upgraded management information systems, and their adaptation to our more complex international structure, is a complex and costly process that involves numerous risks. Any failure of these systems to function as expected that is not detected by our system of internal control over financial reporting could result in errors in our financial reporting, which could be material, or cause delays in reporting results in accordance with our regulatory requirements. In general, if we fail to adequately manage our global business expansion, or to improve our operational, financial and management information systems in a timely and effective manner, our business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

 

We design and manufacture products in our standard product line based upon our internal assessment and forecasts of market requirements, and our results of operations will be adversely affected if we fail to assess market requirements accurately.

 

A majority of our revenue is typically derived from sales of our standard products. We order components and materials, such as semiconductor wafers, used in the manufacture of our standard products 12-14 weeks in advance, while our customers typically place orders for those products one to eight weeks in advance, exposing us to inventory and manufacturing costs in advance of anticipated revenue. If we or our customers fail to predict market demand accurately for new and existing standard products, we may experience a delay or reduction of anticipated revenue without having sufficient time to adjust our inventory and operating expenses. Over the past several years, our customer’s requested lead times have continued to decrease. As the number of products we offer increases, and our customers’ expected lead times grow shorter, we have been required to carry larger amounts of inventory, which exposes us to increased inventory risk. Additionally, as customers’ lead times become shorter, changes in their buying patterns or in our product mix can manifest themselves rapidly and unexpectedly, and can affect our results of operations in a manner that is difficult to predict or plan for.

 

Lead times for our manufacturing materials can vary significantly and depend on factors such as specific supplier requirements, the size of the order, contract terms, current market demand and the availability of manufacturing capacity at our third-party foundries. As a result, we make financial commitments in the form of purchase commitments. Furthermore, we generally lack visibility into the finished goods inventories of our

 

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customers, which makes it more difficult for us to accurately forecast their requirements. If we overestimate our customers’ requirements, we may have excess inventory, which would increase our costs. If we underestimate our customers’ requirements, we may have inadequate inventory, which could prevent us from delivering our products to our customers on a timely basis, which could disrupt our customers’ production schedules. If we are unable to accurately forecast the mix of higher margin and lower margin products that we sell, our gross margins and profitability could be adversely affected. Any of these occurrences could negatively impact our operating results and our business.

 

We design custom products to meet specific requirements of our customers. The amount and timing of revenue from such products can cause fluctuations in our quarterly operating results.

 

The design and sales cycle for our custom products, from initial contact by our sales force to the commencement of shipments of those products in commercial quantities, is lengthy and can range from three months to as long as two years or more. In this process, our sales and application engineers work closely with the OEM customer to analyze the customer’s system requirements and establish a technical specification for the custom product. We then select a semiconductor process and foundry, evaluate test wafers and components, and establish assembly and test procedures before manufacturing in commercial quantities can begin. The length of this cycle is influenced by many factors, including the difficulty of the technical specification, the novelty and complexity of the design and the customer’s procurement processes. OEMs typically do not commit to purchase significant quantities of the custom product until they are ready to commence volume shipment of their own systems, and volume purchases of our products by an OEM customer or its contract manufacturer generally do not occur until the OEM customer has successfully introduced the system incorporating our product. Our receipt of substantial revenue from sales of a custom product depends on that customer’s commercial success in manufacturing and selling its system incorporating our product. As a result, a significant period may elapse between our investment of time and resources in a custom product and our receipt of substantial revenue from sales of that product.

 

The length of this process increases the risk that a customer will decide to cancel or change its product plans. Such a cancellation or change in plans by a customer could cause us to lose anticipated sales. In addition, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected if a significant customer curtails, reduces or delays orders during our sales cycle, chooses not to release equipment that contains our products, or is not successful in the sale and marketing of its products that incorporate our custom products.

 

Finally, if we fail to achieve initial design wins in the customer’s qualification process, we may lose the opportunity for significant sales to that customer for a lengthy period of time because the customer may be unlikely to change its source for those products in the future due to the significant costs associated with qualifying a new supplier and potentially redesigning its product.

 

We rely on a small number of customers for a significant percentage of our revenue, and the loss of, or a reduction in, orders from these customers could result in a decline in revenue.

 

We have historically depended on a small number of customers for a large percentage of our annual revenue. Revenue derived from our 10 largest customers as a percentage of our annual revenue was 35.4% in 2013, 40.2% in 2012 and 43.2% in 2011, and was 40.1% of our revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2014. During 2013, 2012 and 2011, Boeing accounted for 13.5%, 16.1% and 16.4%, respectively of our total sales. We include in these calculations revenue from products sold to these customers directly by us or through sales representatives and our distributors, as well as from products sold to contract manufacturers for use in a system manufactured by the contract manufacturer for that customer. Our major customers often use our products in multiple systems or programs, sometimes developed by different business units within the customer’s organization, each having differing product life cycles, end customers and market dynamics. While the composition of our top 10 customers varies from year to year, we expect that sales to a limited number of customers will continue to account for a significant percentage of our revenue for the foreseeable future. Additionally, we have noted consolidation among OEMs in some of our markets, which could result in an increased concentration in our sources of revenue. It is possible that any of our major customers could terminate its purchasing arrangements with us or significantly reduce or delay the amount of our products that it orders, purchase products from our competitors or develop its own products internally. The loss of, or a reduction in, orders from any major customer could cause a decline in revenue and adversely affect our results of operations.

 

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Our failure to continue to keep pace with new or improved semiconductor process technologies could impair our competitive position.

 

Semiconductor manufacturers constantly seek to develop new and improved semiconductor process technologies. Our future success depends in part upon our ability to continue to gain access to these semiconductor process technologies in order to adapt to emerging customer requirements and competitive market conditions. Our access to advanced GaAs semiconductor process technologies for new product development may be adversely affected by the transition away from one of our principal foundry suppliers discussed above. If we fail for any reason to remain abreast of new and improved semiconductor process technologies as they emerge, we may lose market share which could adversely affect our operating results.

 

Our business depends on international customers, suppliers and operations, and as a result we are subject to regulatory, operational, financial and political risks which could adversely affect our financial results.

 

The percentage of our revenue attributable to sales to customers outside the United States, based on the customer location, was 56.7% in 2013, 52.9% in 2012 and 54.8% in 2011, and was 60.6% of our revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2014. We expect that revenue from customers outside the United States will continue to account for the majority of our revenue. Currently, we maintain international sales offices in Europe and Asia, and we rely on a network of independent sales representatives to sell our products internationally. We also have design centers in Turkey, Canada, Norway and Egypt. In 2012, we established an international headquarters in Ireland as part of our global expansion project. We have in the past relied on, and expect to continue to rely on, suppliers, manufacturers and subcontractors located in countries other than the United States, including France, Germany, Malaysia, the Philippines, Korea and Taiwan. Accordingly, we will be subject to several risks and challenges, any of which could adversely affect our business and financial results. These risks and challenges include:

 

· difficulties and costs of staffing and managing international operations across different geographic areas and cultures;

· compliance with a wide variety of domestic and foreign laws and regulations, including those relating to the import or export of semiconductor products;

· legal uncertainties regarding taxes, tariffs, quotas, export controls, export licenses and other trade barriers;

· changes in the statutory tax rate in the various foreign jurisdictions that we operate in;

· changes in our effective tax rate due to the outcome of future tax audits or examinations;

· managing our global expansion project;

· seasonal reductions in business activities;

· our ability to receive timely payment and collect our accounts receivable;

· political, legal and economic instability, foreign conflicts, and the impact of regional and global infectious illnesses in the countries in which we and our customers, suppliers, manufacturers and subcontractors are located;

· legal uncertainties regarding protection for intellectual property rights in some countries; and

· fluctuations in freight rates and transportation disruptions.

 

Political and economic instability and changes in governmental regulations could adversely affect our ability to effectively operate our foreign sales offices and foreign design centers, as well as the ability of our foreign suppliers to supply us with required materials or services. Any interruption or delay in the supply of our required components, products, materials or services, or our inability to obtain these components, materials, products or services from alternate sources at acceptable prices and within a reasonable amount of time, could impair our ability to meet scheduled product deliveries to our customers and could cause customers to cancel orders.

 

Additionally, most of our foreign sales, as well as our purchases of material from international suppliers, are denominated in U.S. dollars. An increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could make our products more expensive for our international customers to purchase, thus rendering the prices of our products less competitive. Conversely, a reduction in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could increase our supply costs.

 

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The segment of the semiconductor industry in which we participate is intensely competitive, and our inability to compete effectively would harm our business.

 

The markets for our products are extremely competitive, and are characterized by rapid technological change and continuously evolving customer requirements. We compete primarily with other suppliers of high performance analog and mixed-signal semiconductor components used in RF, microwave and millimeterwave applications. These competitors include large, diversified semiconductor manufacturers with broad product lines, such as Avago and Analog Devices, with whom we compete in a number of our markets. We also compete in specific markets or product categories with a large number of semiconductor manufacturers such as IDT, Linear Technology, Cree, M/A-COM, Peregrine Semiconductor, RFMD, Skyworks, TriQuint Semiconductor and UMS. We also encounter competition from manufacturers of advanced electronic systems that also manufacture semiconductor components internally. Additionally, in certain product categories we compete with semiconductor manufacturers from which we also obtain foundry services, such as Cree, TriQuint Semiconductor and UMS. Our competitors may develop new technologies, enhancements of existing products or new products that offer price or performance features superior to ours. Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, sales and marketing resources than we do, and might be perceived by prospective customers to offer financial and operational stability superior to ours. This is particularly true of competitors in the markets for silicon-based products. We expect competition in our markets to intensify, as new competitors enter the RF, microwave and millimeterwave component market, existing competitors merge or form alliances, and new technologies emerge. If we are not able to compete effectively, our market share and revenue could be adversely affected, and our business and results of operations could be harmed.

 

We rely on the significant experience and specialized expertise of our senior management and engineering staff and must attract and retain qualified engineers and other highly skilled personnel in order to grow our business successfully.

 

Our performance is substantially dependent on the continued services and performance of our senior management and our highly qualified team of engineers, many of whom have numerous years of experience and specialized expertise in our business. Highly skilled analog and mixed-signal IC engineers, in particular, are in short supply. We expect to continue to hire additional engineering personnel as we expand our IC design and system-level engineering capabilities. If we are not successful in hiring and retaining highly qualified engineers, we may not be able to extend or maintain our engineering expertise, and our future product development efforts could be adversely affected.

 

Our future success also depends on our ability to identify, attract, hire, train, retain and motivate highly skilled managerial, financial, operations, sales, marketing and customer service personnel. If we fail to attract, integrate and retain the necessary personnel, our ability to maintain and grow our business could suffer significantly. Further, stock price volatility could impact our ability to retain key personnel.

 

Our business could be adversely affected if we experience product returns, product liability and defects claims.

 

We introduce a significant number of new products every year, and we may not be able to anticipate all of the possible performance or reliability problems that could arise with these products. If such problems occur or become significant, we could experience a reduction in our revenue and increased costs related to inventory write-offs, warranty claims and other expenses which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition.

 

The materials used to manufacture our products are complex and are provided by a significant number of vendors in our supply chain. While we perform extensive testing and inspections during the manufacturing process, some defects may escape detection in our manufacturing process and subsequently pass through to our customers. These matters have arisen from time to time and may reasonably be expected to occur again in the future. The occurrence of defects such as these could result in product returns from, and reduced product shipments to, our customers. Such defects also could result in the loss of or delay in market acceptance of our products or harm our reputation.

 

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Our purchase agreements with our customers typically contain provisions designed to limit our exposure to potential product liability claims. However, the limitation of liability provisions contained in these agreements may not be effective as a result of federal, state or local laws, or ordinances or unfavorable judicial decisions in the United States or other countries. The insurance we maintain to protect against claims associated with the use of our products may not adequately cover all claims asserted against us. In addition, even if ultimately unsuccessful, such claims could result in costly litigation, divert our management’s time and resources, and damage our customer relationships.

 

Deviations in the manufacturing process can cause unacceptable manufacturing yield loss or halts in production, which could have a material adverse effect on our revenue and gross margin.

 

Our products involve complexities in both their design and the semiconductor process technology employed in their fabrication. In many cases, the products are assembled into customized packages or integrated into higher level modules and subsystems. Our products must meet exacting customer specifications for quality, performance and reliability. Our manufacturing yield, the percentage of “good” units produced in a given period, is a combination of yields including wafer fabrication, assembly, and test yields. Due to the complexity of our products, we periodically experience difficulties in achieving acceptable yields as even minor deviations in the manufacturing process can cause unacceptable manufacturing yield loss or halts in production. The number of usable products that result from our production process can fluctuate as a result of many factors, including the following:

 

· design errors;

· processing defects in the procured wafers;

· impurities or contamination in the materials used;

· contamination of the manufacturing environment;

· equipment failure or variations in the manufacturing processes;

· losses from broken wafers or other human error;

· defects in packaging; and

· issues and errors in testing.

 

Typically, when our yields improve, our gross margin improves. When our yields decrease, our unit costs are typically higher, our gross margin is lower and our profitability is adversely affected, any or all of which can harm our results of operations and lower our stock price.

 

Our signal generator instrument products are more complex than our core IC products, and as a result, present quality, regulatory and product liability risks that differ from those we have faced in our core IC business.

 

Our signal generators are complex microwave test instruments and could be subject to multiple internal component failures and manufacturing and software defects which could result in product failure. Defects in the hardware or software incorporated in these products could cause us to incur significant warranty, support and repair costs, divert the attention of our engineering personnel from our product development efforts and harm our relationship with our customers. Our test and measurement instrument products operate using line voltages of 100 volts or more and certain products require AC-to-DC power transformers which we purchase from a third party and supply to our customers. The failure of these products or their power transformers could cause safety problems for the operator, including the risk of electrical shock, injury or death in the event of a short circuit or other malfunction, and a product liability claim brought against us, even if unsuccessful, would likely be time consuming and costly to defend. We may be required to comply with various domestic and international legal directives governing the manufacture of our test and measurement instrument products. Failure of our test and measurement system products to meet domestic and international safety and other regulatory requirements for electromagnetic radiation, power consumption or workmanship standards could result in a loss of revenue, loss of market share or failure to achieve market acceptance. We generally seek certification of these products by various third parties such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL) in the United States or Conformité Européenne (CE) in Europe.

 

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We cannot ensure that we will be able to obtain, or if obtained, maintain any such certifications for our test and measurement instrument products. Our failure to obtain or maintain such certifications could adversely affect the market acceptance of the products.

 

We use specialized technologies and know-how to design, develop and manufacture our products. Our inability to protect our intellectual property could hurt our competitive position, harm our reputation and adversely affect our results of operations.

 

We seek to protect our proprietary technology under United States and foreign laws affording protection for trade secrets, and seek United States and foreign patent, copyright and trademark protection of our products and developments where appropriate. We rely primarily on trade secrets, technical know-how and other unpatented proprietary information relating to our product development and manufacturing activities. While we own a small number of patents, we have not historically emphasized patents as a source of significant competitive advantage. We believe that while the protection afforded by trade secret, patent, copyright and trademark laws may provide some advantages, the competitive position of participants in our industry is largely determined by such factors as the technical and creative skills of their personnel, the frequency of their new product developments and their ability to anticipate and rapidly respond to evolving market requirements. To the extent that a competitor effectively uses its intellectual property portfolio, including patents, to prevent us from selling products that allegedly infringe such competitor’s products, our operating results would be adversely affected.

 

We seek to protect our trade secrets and proprietary information, in part, by requiring our employees to enter into agreements providing for the maintenance of confidentiality and the assignment of rights to inventions made by them while employed by us. We also enter into non-disclosure agreements with our consultants, semiconductor foundries and other suppliers to protect our confidential information delivered to them. There can be no assurance that our confidentiality agreements with employees, consultants and other parties will not be breached, that we will have adequate remedies for any breach or that our trade secrets and other proprietary information will not otherwise become known. There also can be no assurance that others will not independently develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technology or reverse engineer our products.

 

Additionally, the laws of countries in which we operate may afford little or no protection to our intellectual property rights. If we are unable to prevent misappropriation of our technology or to deter independent development of similar technologies, our competitive position and reputation could suffer.

 

We generate a portion of our revenue from sales made by third parties, including our independent sales representatives and our distributors, and the failure to manage successfully our relationships with these third parties could cause our revenue to decline and harm our business.

 

We rely in part upon third parties, including our independent sales representatives and our distributors, Future Electronics and Digi-Key Corporation, to promote our products, generate demand and sales leads, and obtain orders for our products. In addition, these parties provide technical sales support to our customers. The activities of these third parties are not within our direct control. Our failure to manage our relationships with these third parties effectively could impair the effectiveness of our sales, marketing and support activities. A reduction in the sales efforts, technical capabilities or financial viability of these parties, a misalignment of interest between us and them, or a termination of our relationship with a major sales representative or our distributors could have a negative effect on our sales, financial results and ability to support our customers. These parties are engaged under short-term contracts, which typically may be terminated by either party on 30 to 60 days notice. It generally takes approximately three to six months for a third party such as a sales representative to become educated about our products and capable of providing quality sales and technical support to our customers. If we were to terminate our relationship with one of our distributors or one of our larger sales representatives, or if one of them decided to discontinue its relationship with us, sales to current and prospective customers could be disrupted or delayed, and we could experience a diversion of substantial time and resources as we seek to identify, contract with and train a replacement.

 

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We may pursue acquisitions and investments in new businesses, products or technologies that involve numerous risks, which could disrupt our business and may harm our financial results.

 

We have previously made, and may in the future pursue, acquisitions of and investments in new businesses, products and technologies, or we may acquire other operations that expand our current capabilities. Acquisitions and investments present a number of potential risks and challenges that could, if not met, disrupt our business operations, increase our operating costs and reduce the value to us of the acquired business, product or technology. For example, if we identify an acquisition or investment candidate, we may not be able to successfully negotiate or finance the transaction on favorable terms. Even if we are successful, we may not be able to integrate the acquired businesses, products or technologies into our existing business and products. Further, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in retaining key employees or customers of the acquired business. In some cases, the consent of a customer may be required before contracts between that customer and a company that we acquire may be assumed by us, and it may not be feasible to obtain all such consents prior to closing. As a result of the rapid pace of technological change, we may misgauge the long-term potential of the acquired business or technology, or be unable to commercialize the acquired technology in time to capitalize on available market opportunities, or may find that the acquisition is not complementary to our existing business. Potential acquisitions and investments, whether or not consummated, may divert our management’s attention and require considerable cash outlays at the expense of our existing operations. In addition, to complete future acquisitions and investments, we may issue equity securities, incur debt or assume contingent liabilities. Additionally, acquisitions could result in increased amortization expenses and, to the extent such acquisitions are not successful, write-downs of acquired assets, which would adversely affect our profitability.

 

Our financial results may be adversely affected by increased tax rates and exposure to additional tax liabilities.

 

As a global company, our effective tax rate is highly dependent upon the geographic composition of worldwide earnings and tax regulations governing each region. We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and various foreign jurisdictions, and significant judgment is required to determine worldwide tax liabilities. Our effective tax rate as well as the actual tax ultimately payable could be adversely affected by changes in the split of earnings between countries with differing statutory tax rates, in the valuation of deferred tax assets, in tax laws or by material audit assessments, which could affect our profitability. In addition, the amount of income taxes we pay is subject to ongoing audits in various jurisdictions, and a material assessment by a governing tax authority could affect our profitability.

 

If we fail to comply with export control regulations we could be subject to substantial fines or other sanctions.

 

Certain of our products are subject to the Export Administration Regulations, administered by the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry Security, which require that we obtain an export license before we can export products or technology to specified countries. Additionally, some of our products are subject to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations, which restrict the export of information and material that may be used for military or intelligence applications by a foreign person. Our export compliance procedures and classification of our products are subject to review from time to time by the relevant government authorities. Our failure to comply with these laws, or failure to properly classify our products for purposes of these laws, could result in sanctions by the government, including substantial monetary penalties, denial of export privileges and debarment from government contracts.

 

If we fail to comply with government contracting regulations, we could suffer a loss of revenue or incur price adjustments or other penalties.

 

Some of our revenue is derived from contracts with agencies of the United States Government and subcontracts with its prime contractors. As a United States Government contractor or subcontractor, we are subject to federal contracting regulations, including the Federal Acquisition Regulations, which govern the allowability of costs incurred by us in the performance of United States government contracts. Certain contract pricing is based on

 

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estimated direct and indirect costs, which are subject to change. Additionally, the United States government is entitled after final payment on certain negotiated contracts to examine all of our cost records with respect to such contracts and to seek a downward adjustment to the price of the contract if it determines that we failed to furnish complete, accurate and current cost or pricing data in connection with the negotiation of the price of the contract.

 

In connection with our United States government business, we are also subject to government audits and to review and approval of our policies, procedures, and internal controls for compliance with procurement regulations and applicable laws. In certain circumstances, if we do not comply with the terms of a contract or with regulations or statutes, we could be subject to downward contract price adjustments or refund obligations or could in extreme circumstances be assessed civil and criminal penalties or be debarred or suspended from obtaining future contracts for a specified period of time. Any such suspension or debarment or other sanction could have an adverse effect on our business.

 

Under some of our government subcontracts, we are required to maintain secure facilities and to obtain security clearances for personnel involved in performance of the contract, in compliance with applicable federal standards. If we were unable to comply with these requirements, or if personnel critical to our performance of these contracts were to lose their security clearances, we might be unable to perform these contracts or compete for other projects of this nature, which could adversely affect our revenue.

 

Some of our long-term contracts may be terminated for the convenience of the customer and may involve significant expenditures on our part that, if the contract is terminated early, we may be unable to recover.

 

Our United States Government contracts and subcontracts may be funded in increments over a number of government budget periods and typically can be terminated by the government for its convenience. Some of these contracts are long-term agreements for the manufacture of complex subsystems for which we are required to expand our production facilities, hire additional personnel, incur costs to meet customer qualification requirements and make other substantial investments in advance of our receipt of significant revenue. If such a contract is terminated, in addition to the loss of anticipated revenue, we may be unable to recover all of our costs incurred or committed.

 

In order to comply with current and pending environmental and climate change laws and regulations, we may need to modify our activities or incur substantial costs, and if we fail to comply with environmental regulations we could be subject to substantial fines or be required to suspend production, alter manufacturing processes or cease operations.

 

We are subject to a variety of international, federal, state and local governmental regulations directed at preventing or mitigating climate change and other environmental harms, as well as to the storage, discharge, handling, generation, disposal and labeling of toxic or other hazardous substances used to manufacture our products. If we fail to comply with these regulations, substantial fines could be imposed on us, and we could be required to suspend production, alter manufacturing processes or cease operations, any of which could have a negative effect on our sales, income and business operations. Failure to comply with environmental regulations could subject us to civil or criminal sanctions and property damage or personal injury claims. Compliance with current or future environmental laws and regulations could restrict our ability to expand our facilities or build new facilities or require us to acquire additional expensive equipment, modify our manufacturing processes, or incur other substantial expenses which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. In response to environmental concerns, some customers and government agencies impose requirements for the elimination of hazardous substances, such as lead (which is widely used in soldering connections in the process of semiconductor packaging and assembly), from electronic equipment. For example, in 2003, the EU adopted its RoHS Directive. Effective July 1, 2006, the RoHS Directive prohibits, with specified exceptions, the sale in the EU market of new electrical and electronic equipment containing more than agreed levels of lead or other hazardous materials. We have a program in place to meet these customer and governmental requirements, including the RoHS Directive, where applicable to us, by making available versions of our products that do not include lead or other hazardous substances. The European Parliament has also adopted the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive, or WEEE Directive, which makes producers of electrical and electronic equipment financially responsible for specified collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of past and future covered products. Environmental laws and regulations such as these could become more stringent over time, imposing even greater compliance costs and

 

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increasing risks and penalties associated with violations, which could seriously harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

New regulations related to conflict minerals will force us to continue to incur additional expenses, may make our supply chain more complex and may result in damage to our relationships with customers.

 

On August 22, 2012, under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, or the Dodd-Frank Act, the SEC adopted new requirements for companies that manufacture products that contain certain minerals and metals, known as conflict minerals. These rules require public companies to perform diligence and to report annually to the SEC whether such minerals originate from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries. The implementation of these new requirements could adversely affect the sourcing, availability and pricing of minerals we use in the manufacture of our products. In addition, we have incurred and will incur additional costs to comply with the disclosure requirements, including costs related to seeking to determine the source of any of the relevant minerals used in our products. Since our supply chain is complex, we may not be able to ascertain the origins for these minerals used in our products through the due diligence procedures that we implement, which may harm our reputation. We may also face difficulties in satisfying customers who may require that our products be certified as conflict-free, which could harm our relationships with these customers and lead to a loss of revenue. These new requirements could limit the pool of suppliers that can provide conflict-free minerals, and we may be unable to obtain conflict-free minerals at competitive prices, which could increase our costs and adversely affect our manufacturing operations and our profitability.

 

We are required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and any adverse results from such evaluation could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports and have an adverse effect on our stock price.

 

Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to furnish annually a report by our management, and an opinion of our independent registered public accounting firm, on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Our management report is required to contain, among other matters, an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of our fiscal year, including a statement as to whether or not our internal control over financial reporting is effective. This assessment must include disclosure of any material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting identified by management.

 

If our management identifies one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, we will be unable to assert that our internal control is effective. If we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal controls, investors could lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which could have an adverse effect on our stock price.

 

We could be the subject of securities class action litigation due to stock price volatility or in connection with matters related to our corporate governance, which could divert management’s attention and adversely affect our financial position or results of operations.

 

The stock market in general, and market prices for the securities of technology companies like ours in particular, have experienced volatility that often has been unrelated to the operating performance of the underlying companies. These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance. In recent situations where the market price of a stock has been volatile, holders of that stock have initiated securities class action litigation against the company that issued the stock. Additionally, there has recently been a significant increase in litigation commenced by stockholders of public companies unrelated to changes in the company’s stock price. Such litigation may, for example, challenge actions taken by the board of directors related to the company’s corporate governance, such as a proposal to adopt new or amended bylaws, or allege that a company’s proxy disclosures, even in connection with a routine annual meeting, are defective. If any of our stockholders were to bring a lawsuit against us, the defense and disposition of the lawsuit could be costly and divert the time and attention of our management and harm our business.

 

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Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law could prevent or delay a change in control of our Company that stockholders may consider beneficial and may adversely affect the price of our stock.

 

Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and by-laws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or change of control that a stockholder may consider favorable. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors and take other corporate actions. The existence of these provisions could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. These provisions include authorizing the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock and establishing advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the board of directors and for proposing matters to be submitted to a stockholder vote.

 

Provisions of Delaware law may also discourage, delay or prevent someone from acquiring or merging with our Company or obtaining control of our Company. Specifically, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporate Law may prohibit business combinations with stockholders owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock and could reduce the value of our Company.

 

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Item 2.         Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

Repurchases of our common stock

 

The agreements governing restricted stock and restricted stock units issued to our employees generally provide that upon vesting of such awards the recipients must pay any Federal, state, local and/or payroll taxes required by law to be withheld with respect to such income. Alternatively, recipients may elect to have such tax withholding obligation satisfied by delivering to us for cancellation shares subject to such award in order to satisfy the minimum statutory withholding amount due, in which case we will pay the required amounts to the appropriate taxing authorities on the recipient’s behalf. All such shares retained by us in satisfaction of tax withholding obligations are retired and restored to the status of authorized and unissued shares.

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2014, an aggregate of 15,090 shares were retained by us to cover aggregate employee tax withholdings of $857,000, as follows:

 

Period 

 

Total number
of shares
purchased

 

Average price
paid per
share (1)

 

January 2014

 

1,319

 

$

59.67

 

February 2014

 

13,469

 

56.40

 

March 2014

 

302

 

60.71

 

Total

 

15,090

 

56.77

 

 


(1) Represents the weighted average closing price per share of the shares withheld in satisfaction of withholding tax obligations, as reported by the Nasdaq Stock Market, as of the date the withholding was effected.

 

Item 3.         Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

Not applicable.

 

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Item 4.         Mine Safety Disclosures

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 5.         Other Information

 

Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.

 

(a) 2014 Senior Executive Cash Incentive Compensation Plan.

 

The Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors has approved a Senior Executive Cash Incentive Compensation Plan for calendar year 2014 (the “Plan”) for our Named Executive Officers and other senior executives.

 

Each participant is assigned a target bonus amount, representing a fixed percentage of his base salary. The target amount is allocated to two components as follows:

 

· 70% will be determined based on our company financial performance in 2014 (the “Company Performance Bonus”); and

 

· 30% will be determined based upon the individual’s performance in relation to individual performance objectives, or MBOs (the “MBO Bonus”).

 

The target bonus represents the amount to be paid assuming 100% attainment of the company financial performance targets and individual MBO targets, as specified in the Plan. The actual bonus awarded will be reduced to as little as zero, or increased within stated limits, to the extent that actual performance varies from the targeted levels set forth in the Plan.

 

The 2014 target bonus for each of our Named Executive Officers who remains employed by us, as a percentage of his salary for 2014, is as follows:

 

Name

 

Title

 

Target Bonus
as
Percentage of
Salary

 

Rick D. Hess

 

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

60

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

William W. Boecke

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

50

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

William D. Hannabach

 

Vice President of Global Operations

 

40

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thomas Hwang

 

Vice President

 

40

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Antonio Visconti

 

Vice President

 

40

%

 

The Company Performance Bonus will be determined based on two equally weighted measures of our financial performance for calendar year 2014, as follows:

 

· One-half based upon the amount of our total revenue for 2014; and

· One-half based upon our net income margin for 2014; provided that

· In no event will any Company Performance Bonus be paid if our earnings per share for 2014 shall not equal or exceed our EPS for 2013.

 

The amount of the bonus paid on account of each of these company performance measures will be equal to the portion of the target bonus that is allocated to that measure, multiplied by a pay-out factor (ranging from zero to 200%) based on the actual value of such measure for 2014, determined in accordance with a matrix set forth in the Plan.

 

For this purpose, our revenue growth and net income margin will be determined by reference to our financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles; provided, that in determining the extent to which the performance targets have been achieved the Compensation Committee may adjust the GAAP measures to include or exclude special or unusual items such as restructuring-related expense, acquisition-related expense, gain or loss on disposition of businesses, non-recurring royalty payments, impairments of acquisition-related intangible assets, deferred tax adjustments, asset write-offs, write-downs and impairment charges, significant unforeseen legal costs or settlements and such other similar non-cash or non-recurring items as the Compensation Committee may determine in its sole discretion. In making any such adjustments the Committee will be guided by the principle that our compensation practices should not have the effect of deterring participants from taking actions that are beneficial for our company and stockholders because they might decrease the participants’ bonus payments, nor should they encourage participants to take actions that are detrimental to our company and stockholders because they might increase participants’ bonus payments.

 

The percentage of the MBO Bonus paid to any participant will be based on the Committee’s determination, in its sole discretion, as to the extent to which the participant has attained or exceeded his MBO objectives, provided that in no case will the MBO Bonus be paid at more than 150% of the targeted level.

 

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We expect that the amounts, if any, of the Company Performance Bonus and MBO Bonus will be determined by the Compensation Committee at its first regularly scheduled meeting following the issuance of our earnings release for 2014, and that such amounts, if any, shall be paid during the first quarter of 2015.

 

(b) Senior Executive Change in Control Retention Agreements

 

In April 2014 we entered into an amendment to our employment agreement with our chief executive officer, and change in control retention agreements with each of our other Named Executive Officers who remains employed by us, that provide them with severance benefits if any of the following occurs, each of which we refer to as a severance trigger event:

 

·      within 12 months after a change in control (as defined in each agreement) we terminate the employee’s employment for a reason other than “cause” or “misconduct” (as defined in the agreement) or the employee’s death or disability; or

 

·      the executive terminates his or her employment following an event that occurs within 12 months after a change in control and that constitutes “constructive termination” of his or her employment or “good reason” (as defined in the agreement).

 

For purposes of these agreements, a “change in control” occurs when:

 

·      any person or entity becomes the beneficial owner of 50% or more of the combined voting power of our outstanding securities;

 

·      our shareholders approve specified mergers of Hittite with another entity; or

 

·      our shareholders approve a plan of liquidation or sale of all, or substantially all, of our assets.

 

These agreements provide for the following benefits upon the occurrence of a severance trigger event:

 

·      payment of an amount equal to one times the executive’s annual base salary;

 

·      payment of an amount in lieu of bonus equal to the product of the executive’s target cash incentive bonus for the year in which termination of employment occurs, multiplied by the sum of 1.0 plus a fraction equal to the quotient of the number of days during such year on which he or she was employed by us, divided by 365; and

 

·      we will pay the difference between the cost of COBRA continuation coverage (for the executive and any dependent who received health insurance coverage prior to such termination) and any premium contribution amount applicable to the executive as of such termination.

 

Item 6.         Exhibits

 

Exhibit
No.

 

Description

3.1

 

Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012)

 

 

 

3.2

 

Amended and Restated By-laws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on January 7, 2013.

 

 

 

4.1

 

Specimen certificate for common stock of Hittite Microwave Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-124664)

 

 

 

10.1*

 

2014 Senior Executive Cash Incentive Compensation Plan

 

 

 

10.2*

 

Amendment No. 2 to Employment Agreement between us and Rick D. Hess dated April 14, 2014

 

 

 

10.3*

 

Form of Change in Control Retention Agreement entered into between us and each of William Boecke, Susan DiCecco, Bryan Goldstein, Gorkem Guven, William Hannabach, Gregory Henderson, Jason Lynch, Michael McCullar, Antonio Visconti, and Larry Ward.

 

 

 

31.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a)

 

 

 

31.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a)

 

 

 

32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 1350

 

 

 

32.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 1350

 

 

 

101

 

The following materials from the Hittite Microwave Corporation Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013; and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

 


*

 

Compensation plan or arrangement

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

Date: May 6, 2014

 

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORPORATION

 

 

(Registrant)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

/s/ William W. Boecke

 

 

 

 

William W. Boecke

 

 

 

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

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