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EXCEL - IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT - REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LTD VIFinancial_Report.xls
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LTD VIreal6312_ex311.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LTD VIreal6312_ex312.htm
EX-32.1 - EXHIBIT 32.1 - REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LTD VIreal6312_ex321.htm

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

 

Form 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

[X]   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE

ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012

 

or

 

[ ]   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE

ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from __________ to __________

 

Commission file number 0-13112

 

REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LIMITED VI

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

California

95-3778627

(State or other jurisdiction of

(I.R.S. Employer

incorporation or organization)

Identification No.)

 

80 International Drive, PO Box 1089

Greenville, South Carolina  29602

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(864) 239-1000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes  [ ] No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). [X] Yes  [ ] No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer [ ]

Accelerated filer [ ]

Non-accelerated filer [ ]

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company [X]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [ ] Yes  [X] No

 


PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

 

ITEM 1.     FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LIMITED VI

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

 

 

 

 

March 31,

December 31,

 

2012

2011

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Investments in and advances to Local Limited

 

 

  Partnerships

  $   564

  $   508

Cash and cash equivalents

    1,533

    1,452

Receivables – limited partners

      196

      196

Total assets

  $ 2,293

  $ 2,156

 

 

 

Liabilities and Partners’ Capital (Deficiency)

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

  Accounts payable and accrued expenses

  $    37

  $    40

  Taxes payable

      103

       72

  Notes payable, in default

       --

      520

  Accrued interest payable, in default

       --

    1,363

Total liabilities

      140

    1,995

 

 

 

Contingencies

  --

    --

 

 

 

Partners' capital (deficiency):

 

 

  General partners

     (330)

     (350)

  Limited partners

    2,483

      511

Total partners’ capital (deficiency)

    2,153

      161

Total liabilities and partners' capital

 

 

  (deficiency)

  $ 2,293

  $ 2,156

 

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


 

REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LIMITED VI

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per interest data)

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

March 31,

 

2012

2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues:

$    --

$    --

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

 

 

Management fees - Corporate General Partner

     24

     33

Legal and accounting

     19

     18

Tax expense

     31

     21

General and administrative

      3

      2

Interest

      8

     12

Total operating expenses

     85

     86

 

 

 

Loss from partnership operations

     (85)

     (86)

Distributions from Local Limited Partnerships recognized

 

 

  as income

    130

     --

Gain on extinguishment of debt

  1,891

     --

Equity in income of Local Limited Partnership and

 

 

  amortization of acquisition costs

     56

     65

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

$ 1,992

 $   (21)

 

 

 

Net income (loss) allocated to general partners (1%)

$    20

$    --

Net income (loss) allocated to limited partners (99%)

$ 1,972

 $   (21)

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per limited partnership interest

$118.54

 $ (1.26)

 

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements



REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LIMITED VI

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

March 31,

 

2012

2011

 

 

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

 

 

Net income (loss)

$ 1,992

 $   (21)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash

 

 

used in operating activities:

 

 

Gain on extinguishment of debt

  (1,891)

     --

Distributions from sale of Local Limited Partnership

 

 

  properties recognized as income

    (130)

     --

Equity in income of Local Limited Partnership and

 

 

amortizationof acquisition costs

     (56)

     (65)

Change in accounts:

 

 

Taxes payable

     31

     21

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

      (3)

     (30)

Accrued interest payable

      8

     12

Net cash used in operating activities

     (49)

     (83)

 

 

 

Cash flows provided byinvesting activities:

 

 

Distributions from sale of Local Limited Partnership

 

 

 properties

    130

     --

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     81

     (83)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

  1,452

  1,332

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

$ 1,533

$ 1,249

 

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LIMITED VI

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATEDFINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

General

 

The information contained in the following notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements is condensed from that which would appear in the audited annual consolidated financial statements; accordingly, the consolidated financial statements included herein should be reviewed in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto contained in the annual report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 prepared by Real Estate Associates Limited VI (the "Partnership" or "Registrant"). Accounting measurements at interim dates inherently involve greater reliance on estimates than at year end. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year.

 

In the opinion of the Partnership’s management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting primarily of normal recurring items) necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position of the Partnership at March 31, 2012 and the consolidated results of operations and changes in cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2011 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.

 

The general partners collectively have a one percent interest in profits and losses of the Partnership. The limited partners have the remaining 99 percent interest which is allocated in proportion to their respective individual investments. The general partners of the Partnership are National Partnership Investments Corp. ("NAPICO” or the "Corporate General Partner") and National Partnership Investment Associates.  The Corporate General Partner is a subsidiary of Apartment Investment and Management Company (“Aimco”), a publicly traded real estate investment trust.

 

On January 31, 2012, an affiliate of the Corporate General Partner entered into a management agreement with a third party management services company for the management of a portfolio of approximately 147 properties with 10,184 units held by entities, including the Partnership, in which Aimco and its affiliates have minority limited and general partner interests. On January 31, 2012, an affiliate of the Corporate General Partner also entered into an option agreement with the management services company pursuant to which it granted the company the exclusive option, for a period ending on December 27, 2013, to purchase the minority interests in the portfolio held by Aimco and its affiliates. Aimco expects the sale of such interests to be completed later this year, pending the satisfaction of certain closing conditions.

 

At both March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, there were 16,636 limited partnership interests outstanding.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

The Partnership’s management evaluated subsequent events through the time this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was filed.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Partnership and its majority-owned general partnership.  All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Losses in excess of the minority interest in equity that would otherwise be attributed to the minority interest are being allocated to the Partnership.

 

Method of Accounting for Investments in Local Limited Partnerships

 

The investments in unconsolidated local limited partnerships (the “Local Limited Partnerships”) are accounted for using the equity method. Acquisition, selection fees and other costs related to the acquisition of the Local Limited Partnerships have been capitalized as part of the investment account and are being amortized by the straight line method over the estimated lives of the underlying assets, which is generally 30 years.

 

Net Income (Loss) Per Limited Partnership Interest

 

Net income (loss) per limited partnership interest was computed by dividing the limited partners’ share of net income (loss) by the number of limited partnership interests outstanding at the beginning of the year. The number of limited partnership interests used was 16,636 and 16,660 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

Variable Interest Entities

 

The Partnership consolidates any variable interest entities in which the Partnership holds a variable interest and is the primary beneficiary. Generally, a variable interest entity, or VIE, is an entity with one or more of the following characteristics: (a) the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support; (b) as a group the holders of the equity investment at risk lack (i) the ability to make decisions about an entity’s activities through voting or similar rights, (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity, or (iii) the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity; or (c) the equity investors have voting rights that are not proportional to their economic interests and substantially all of the entity’s activities either involve, or are conducted on behalf of, an investor that has disproportionately few voting rights. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is generally the entity that has (a) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (b) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

 

In determining whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, the Partnership considers qualitative and quantitative factors, including, but not limited to: which activities most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and which party controls such activities; the amount and characteristics of the Partnership’s investment; the obligation or likelihood for the Partnership or other investors to provide financial support; and the similarity with and significance to the business activities of the Partnership and the other investors.  Significant judgments related to these determinations include estimates about the current and future fair values and performance of real estate held by these VIEs and general market conditions.

 

At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Partnership holds variable interests in 6 and 9 VIEs, respectively, for which the Partnership is not the primary beneficiary.  The Partnership has concluded, based on its qualitative consideration of the partnership agreement, the partnership structure and the role of the general partner in each of the Local Limited Partnerships, that the general partner of each of the Local Limited Partnerships is the primary beneficiary of the respective Local Limited Partnership. In making this determination, the Partnership considered the following factors:

 

·         the general partners conduct and manage the business of the Local Limited Partnerships;

·         the general partners have the responsibility for and sole discretion over selecting a property management agent for the Local Limited Partnerships’ underlying real estate properties;

·         the general partners are responsible for approving operating and capital budgets for the properties owned by the Local Limited Partnerships;

·         the general partners are obligated to fund any recourse obligations of the Local Limited Partnerships;

·         the general partners are authorized to borrow funds on behalf of the Local Limited Partnerships; and

·         the Partnership, as a limited partner in each of the Local Limited Partnerships, does not have the ability to direct or otherwise significantly influence the activities of the Local Limited Partnerships that most significantly impact such entities’ economic performance.

 

The 6 VIEs at March 31, 2012 consist of Local Limited Partnerships that are directly engaged in the ownership and management of 6 apartment properties with a total of 345 units.  The Partnership is involved with those VIEs as a non-controlling limited partner equity holder. The Partnership’s maximum exposure to loss as a result of its involvement with the unconsolidated VIEs is limited to the Partnership’s recorded investments in and receivables from these VIEs, which were approximately $564,000 and $508,000 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. The Partnership may be subject to additional losses to the extent of any financial support that the Partnership voluntarily provides in the future.

 

NOTE 2 – INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO LOCAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIPS

 

As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Partnership holds limited partnership interests in 6 and 8 Local Limited Partnerships, respectively. In addition, the Partnership holds a majority-owned general partner interest in Real Estate Associates III (“REA III”), which, in turn, held a limited partnership interest in one additional Local Limited Partnership, Cassady Village, at December 31, 2011. In total, therefore, the Partnership holds interests, either directly or indirectly through REA III, in 6 and 9 Local Limited Partnerships, which owned, as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, residential low-income rental projects consisting of 345 and 533 apartment units, respectively. Certain of the Local Limited Partnerships are encumbered by mortgage notes payable to or insured by various governmental agencies.

 

The Partnership, as a limited partner, does not have a contractual relationship with the Local Limited Partnerships or exercise control over the activities and operations, including refinancing or selling decisions, of the Local Limited Partnerships that would require or allow for consolidation. Accordingly, the Partnership accounts for its investments in the Local Limited Partnerships using the equity method. The Partnership is allocated profits and losses of the Local Limited Partnerships based upon its respective ownership percentages between 90% and 99%. Distributions of surplus cash from operations from most of the Local Limited Partnerships are restricted by the Local Limited Partnerships’ Regulatory Agreements with the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”). These restrictions limit the distribution to a portion, generally less than 10% of the initial invested capital. The excess surplus cash is deposited into a residual receipts reserve, of which the ultimate realization by the Partnership is uncertain as HUD frequently retains it upon sale or dissolution of the Local Limited Partnership. The Partnership is allocated profits and losses and receives distributions from refinancings and sales in accordance with the Local Limited Partnerships’ partnership agreements. These agreements usually limit the Partnership’s distributions to an amount substantially less than its ownership percentage in the Local Limited Partnership. 

 

The individual investments are carried at cost plus the Partnership’s share of the Local Limited Partnership’s profits less the Partnership’s share of the Local Limited Partnership’s losses, distributions and impairment charges. The Partnership is not legally liable for the obligations of the Local Limited Partnerships and is not otherwise committed to provide additional support to them. Therefore, it does not recognize losses once its investment in each of the Local Limited Partnerships reaches zero. Distributions from the Local Limited Partnerships are accounted for as a reduction of the investment balance until the investment balance is reduced to zero. When the investment balance has been reduced to zero, subsequent distributions received are recognized as income in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. No operating distributions were received from the Local Limited Partnerships during the three months ended March 31, 2012 or 2011.

 

In January 2012, Marshall Plaza Apartments I and Marshall Plaza Apartments II sold their investment properties for approximately $1,110,000 and $1,385,000, respectively. After payment of closing costs and non-recourse notes payable due to an affiliate of the purchaser, the Partnership received proceeds of approximately $58,000 from the sale of Marshall Plaza Apartments I and approximately $72,000 from the sale of Marshall Plaza Apartments II, which were recognized as income on the consolidated statements of operations. The Partnership had no investment balance remaining in Marshall Plaza Apartments I and II as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 

In March 2012, Cassady Village sold its investment property to the holder of its non-recourse note payable in exchange for (i) full satisfaction of the non-recourse note payable due to the purchaser (as discussed in “Note 3”), (ii) the assumption of the outstanding mortgage loan encumbering the property, and (iii) the sum of one dollar.  The Partnership did not receive any proceeds from the sale. In connection with the sale of Cassady Village, the Partnership’s non-recourse notes payable were extinguished during the three months ended March 31, 2012, and the Partnership recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of approximately $1,891,000. The Partnership had no investment balance remaining in Cassady Village as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 

For those investments where the Partnership has determined that the carrying value of its investments approximates the estimated fair value of those investments, the Partnership’s policy is to recognize equity in income of the Local Limited Partnerships only to the extent of distributions received and amortization of acquisition costs from those Local Limited Partnerships.  Therefore, the Partnership limits its recognition of equity earnings to the amount it expects to ultimately realize.

 

As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the investment balance in all but one of the Local Limited Partnerships had been reduced to zero. The Partnership still has an investment balance in Park Place Limited Partnership.

 

At times, advances are made to the Local Limited Partnerships. Advances made by the Partnership to the individual Local Limited Partnerships are considered part of the Partnership’s investment in the Local Limited Partnership. Advances made to Local Limited Partnerships for which the investment has been reduced to zero are charged to expense. There were no advances from the Partnership to the Local Limited Partnerships during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

The following is a summary of the investments in Local Limited Partnerships for the three months ended March 31, 2012 (in thousands):

 

Balance, beginning of period

$  508

Equity in income of Local Limited Partnership

    58

Amortization of acquisition costs

     (2)

Balance, end of period

$  564

 

The following are unaudited condensed combined estimated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 of Local Limited Partnerships in which the Partnership has invested (in thousands):

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

March 31,

 

2012

2011

Revenues

 

 

  Rental and other

$   666

$   687

 

 

 

Expenses

 

 

  Operating expenses

    381

    382

  Financial expenses

    110

    124

  Depreciation and amortization

     86

     85

Total expenses

    577

    591

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations

$    89

$    96

 

The combined results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 exclude the operations of Grant-Ko Enterprises, New Bel-Mo and Sauk-Ko Enterprises, due to the assignment of the Partnership’s interest in these Local Limited Partnerships in May 2011, Villas de Orocovix and Valley Oaks, due to the assignment of the Partnership’s interest in these Local Limited Partnerships in August 2011, Kentucky Manor, for which no financial information is available, Marshall Plaza I and II, due to their sales in January 2012 and Cassady Village due to its sale in March 2012.

 

In addition to being the Corporate General Partner, NAPICO, or one of its affiliates, is the general partner for two Local Limited Partnerships.

 

On March 2, 2012, Oakwood Manor entered into a purchase and sale contract to sell its investment property to a third party for a gross sale price of $500,000.  After payment of closing costs and the mortgage encumbering the property, the Partnership expects to receive a distribution of approximately $300,000 from the sale of Oakwood Manor.  The Partnership had no investment balance remaining in Oakwood Manor as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 

On October 25, 2011, Crockett Manor entered into a purchase and sale contract to sell its investment property to a third party for a sale price that exceeds the balance of the mortgage encumbering the property by $75,000. After payment of closing costs and the mortgage encumbering the property, the Partnership does not expect to receive any proceeds from the sale of Crockett Manor.  The Partnership had no investment balance remaining in Crockett Manor as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 

The current policy of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”) is to not renew the Housing Assistance Payment (“HAP”) Contracts on a long term basis on the existing terms.  In connection with renewals of the HAP Contracts under current law and policy, the amount of rental assistance payments under renewed HAP Contracts will be based on market rentals instead of above market rentals, which may not be the case under existing HAP Contracts.  The payments under the renewed HAP Contracts may not be in an amount that would provide sufficient cash flow to permit owners of properties subject to HAP Contracts to meet the debt service requirements of existing loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration of HUD (“FHA”) unless such mortgage loans are restructured. In order to address the reduction in payments under HAP Contracts as a result of current policy, the Multi-family Assisted Housing Reform and Affordability Act of 1997 (“MAHRAA”) provides for the restructuring of mortgage loans insured by the FHA with respect to properties subject to the Section 8 program. Under MAHRAA, an FHA-insured mortgage loan can be restructured into a first mortgage loan which will be amortized on a current basis and a low interest rate second mortgage loan payable to FHA which will only be payable on maturity of the first mortgage loan. This restructuring results in a reduction in annual debt service payable by the owner of the FHA-insured mortgage loan and is expected to result in an insurance payment from FHA to the holder of the FHA-insured loan due to the reduction in the principal amount. MAHRAA also phases out project-based subsidies on selected properties serving families not located in rental markets with limited supply, converting such subsidies to a tenant-based subsidy.

 

When the HAP Contracts are subject to renewal, there can be no assurance that the Local Limited Partnerships in which the Partnership has an investment will be permitted to restructure its mortgage indebtedness under MAHRAA. In addition, the economic impact on the Partnership of the combination of the reduced payments under the HAP Contracts and the restructuring of the existing FHA-insured mortgage loans under MAHRAA is uncertain.

 

NOTE 3 - NOTES PAYABLE AND AMOUNTS DUE FOR PARTNERSHIP INTERESTS

 

The Partnership was obligated on non-recourse notes payable of $520,000, which bore interest at 9.5 percent per annum and had principal maturities of December 1999. The notes and related interest were payable from cash flow generated from operations of the related rental property as defined in the notes. These obligations were collateralized by the Partnership’s investment in the Local Limited Partnership. Unpaid interest was due at maturity of the notes. Interest expense on non-recourse notes payable was approximately $8,000 and $12,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The notes payable and related accrued interest aggregating approximately $1,883,000 at December 31, 2011 relating to Cassady Village Apartments, Ltd. (“Cassady Village”) became payable prior to December 31, 2011. During 2005, the Partnership entered into an agreement with the non-recourse note holder for Cassady Village pursuant to which the noteholder agreed to forebear taking any action under the note pending the purchase by the noteholder of a series of projects, including the properties owned by the Local Limited Partnerships Cassady Village and Marshall Plaza I & II Apartments. As discussed in “Note 2”, these Local Limited Partnerships sold their respective investment properties to the note holder during the three months ended March 31, 2012. In connection with the sale of Cassady Village, the Partnership’s non-recourse notes payable were extinguished during the three months ended March 31, 2012, and the Partnership recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of approximately $1,891,000.

 

NOTE 4 - TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATED PARTIES

 

Under the terms of the Restated Certificate and Agreement of Limited Partnership, the Partnership is obligated to NAPICO for an annual management fee equal to 0.5 percent of the original invested assets of the Local Limited Partnerships at the beginning of the year.  Invested assets are defined as the costs of acquiring project interests, including the proportionate amount of the mortgage loans related to the Partnership's interests in the capital accounts of the respective Local Limited Partnerships. The fee was approximately $24,000 and $33,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

In addition to being the Corporate General Partner, NAPICO, or one of its affiliates, is the general partner for two of the Local Limited Partnerships.

 

NOTE 5 – FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

 

Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 825, “Financial Instruments”, requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, when it is practicable to estimate that value. At March 31, 2012, the carrying amounts of other assets and liabilities reported on the balance sheets that require such disclosure approximated their fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.

 

NOTE 6 - CONTINGENCIES

 

The Corporate General Partner is involved in various lawsuits arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management and the Corporate General Partner, the claims will not result in any material liability to the Partnership.


ITEM 2.     MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements in certain circumstances. Certain information included in this Quarterly Report contains or may contain information that is forward-looking within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Actual results may differ materially from those described in these forward-looking statements and, in addition, will be affected by a variety of risks and factors, some of which are beyond the Partnership’s control, including, without limitation: financing risks, including the availability and cost of financing and the risk that the Partnership’s cash flows from operations may be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest; national and local economic conditions, including the pace of job growth and the level of unemployment; the terms of governmental regulations that affect the Partnership and its investment in limited partnerships and interpretations of those regulations; the competitive environment in which the Partnership operates; real estate risks, including fluctuations in real estate values and the general economic climate in local markets and competition for residents in such markets; litigation, including costs associated with prosecuting or defending claims and any adverse outcomes; and possible environmental liabilities, including costs, fines or penalties that may be incurred due to necessary remediation of contamination of properties presently owned or previously owned by the limited partnerships in which the Partnership has invested.   Readers should carefully review the Partnership’s consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, as well as the other documents the Partnership files from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

The Corporate General Partner monitors developments in the area of legal and regulatory compliance.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

The properties in which the Partnership has invested, through its investments in the Local Limited Partnerships, receive one or more forms of assistance from the Federal Government.  As a result, the Local Limited Partnerships’ ability to transfer funds either to the Partnership or among themselves in the form of cash distributions, loans or advances is generally restricted by these government assistance programs. These restrictions, however, are not expected to impact the Partnership’s ability to meet its cash obligations.

 

The Partnership's primary source of funds includes distributions from Local Limited Partnerships in which the Partnership has invested. It is not expected that any of the Local Limited Partnerships in which the Partnership has invested will generate cash flow sufficient to provide for distributions to the Partnership's limited partners in any material amount. An infrequent source of funds is from the sale of a Local Limited Partnership property or the sale of the Partnership’s interest in a Local Limited Partnership. As discussed below, during the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Partnership received proceeds of approximately $130,000 from the sales of Marshall Plaza Apartments I and II. No distributions to partners were made during the three months ended March 31, 2012 or 2011.

 

Distributions received from Local Limited Partnerships are recognized as a reduction of the investment balance until the investment balance has been reduced to zero. Subsequent distributions received are recognized as income.  No operating distributions were received from the Local Limited Partnerships during the three months ended March 31, 2012 or 2011.

 

In January 2012, Marshall Plaza Apartments I and Marshall Plaza Apartments II sold their investment properties for approximately $1,110,000 and $1,385,000, respectively. After payment of closing costs and non-recourse notes payable due to an affiliate of the purchaser, the Partnership received proceeds of approximately $58,000 from the sale of Marshall Plaza Apartments I and approximately $72,000 from the sale of Marshall Plaza Apartments II, which were recognized as income on the consolidated statements of operations. The Partnership had no investment balance remaining in Marshall Plaza Apartments I and II as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 

In March 2012, Cassady Village sold its investment property to the holder of its non-recourse note payable in exchange for (i) full satisfaction of the non-recourse note payable due to the purchaser (as discussed below), (ii) the assumption of the outstanding mortgage loan encumbering the property, and (iii) the sum of one dollar. The Partnership did not receive any proceeds from the sale.  The Partnership had no investment balance remaining as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 

As of March 31, 2012, the Partnership had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $1,533,000, compared with approximately $1,452,000 at December 31, 2011. All of this cash is on deposit with a financial institution.

 

The Partnership was obligated on non-recourse notes payable of $520,000, which bore interest at 9.5 percent per annum and had principal maturities of December 1999. The notes and related interest were payable from cash flow generated from operations of the related rental property as defined in the notes. These obligations were collateralized by the Partnership’s investment in the Local Limited Partnership. Unpaid interest was due at maturity of the notes. Interest expense on non-recourse notes payable was approximately $8,000 and $12,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The notes payable and related accrued interest aggregating approximately $1,883,000 at December 31, 2011 relating to Cassady Village Apartments, Ltd. became payable prior to December 31, 2011. During 2005, the Partnership entered into an agreement with the non-recourse note holder for Cassady Village pursuant to which the noteholder agreed to forebear taking any action under the note pending the purchase by the noteholder of a series of projects, including the properties owned by the Local Limited Partnerships Cassady Village and Marshall Plaza I & II Apartments. As discussed above, these Local Limited Partnerships sold their respective investment properties to the note holder during the three months ended March 31, 2012. In connection with the sale of Cassady Village, the Partnership’s non-recourse notes payable were extinguished during the three months ended March 31, 2012, and the Partnership recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of approximately $1,891,000.

 

On March 2, 2012, Oakwood Manor entered into a purchase and sale contract to sell its investment property to a third party for a gross sale price of $500,000.  After payment of closing costs and the mortgage encumbering the property, the Partnership expects to receive a distribution of approximately $300,000 from the sale of Oakwood Manor.  The Partnership had no investment balance remaining in Oakwood Manor as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 

On October 25, 2011, Crockett Manor entered into a purchase and sale contract to sell its investment property to a third party for a sale price that exceeds the balance of the mortgage encumbering the property by $75,000. After payment of closing costs and the mortgage encumbering the property, the Partnership does not expect to receive any proceeds from the sale of Crockett Manor.  The Partnership had no investment balance remaining in Crockett Manor as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 

Results of Operations

 

At March 31, 2012, the Partnership had investments in 6 Local Limited Partnerships, all of which own housing projects, most of which were substantially rented. The Partnership, as a limited partner, does not have a contractual relationship with the Local Limited Partnerships or exercise control over the activities and operations, including refinancing or selling decisions, of the Local Limited Partnerships that would require or allow for consolidation.  Accordingly, the Partnership accounts for its investment in the Local Limited Partnerships using the equity method. Thus the individual investments are carried at cost plus the Partnership’s share of the Local Limited Partnership’s profits less the Partnership’s share of the Local Limited Partnership’s losses, distributions and any impairment charges. However, since the Partnership is not legally liable for the obligations of the Local Limited Partnerships, or is not otherwise committed to provide additional support to them, it does not recognize losses once its investment in each of the Local Limited Partnerships reaches zero.  Distributions from the Local Limited Partnerships are accounted for as a reduction of the investment balance until the investment balance is reduced to zero.  Subsequent distributions received are recognized as income in the consolidated statements of operations.  For those investments where the Partnership has determined that the carrying value of its investments approximates the estimated fair value of those investments, the Partnership’s policy is to recognize equity in income of the Local Limited Partnerships only to the extent of distributions received and amortization of acquisition costs from those Local Limited Partnerships. During the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, the Partnership recognized equity in income and amortization of acquisition costs of approximately $56,000 and $65,000, respectively, from one Local Limited Partnership.

 

The investments in all but one of the Local Limited Partnerships have been reduced to zero as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. The Partnership still has an investment balance in Park Place Limited Partnership.

 

At times, advances are made to the Local Limited Partnerships. Advances made by the Partnership to the individual Local Limited Partnerships are considered part of the Partnership’s investment in the Local Limited Partnership. Advances made to Local Limited Partnerships for which the investment has been reduced to zero are charged to expense. There were no advances from the Partnership to the Local Limited Partnerships during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

A recurring partnership expense is the annual management fee. The fee is payable to the Corporate General Partner and is calculated at 0.5 percent of the Partnership's original remaining invested assets at the beginning of the year. The management fee is paid to the Corporate General Partner for its continuing management of the Partnership’s affairs. Management fees were approximately $24,000 and $33,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Management fees decreased due to the assignment of limited partnership interests in five Local Limited partnerships in 2011.

 

Operating expenses, other than management fees, consist of legal and accounting fees for services rendered to the Partnership and general and administrative expenses. Legal and accounting fees were approximately $19,000 and $18,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. General and administrative expenses were approximately $3,000 and $2,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

The Partnership incurs expense for a New Jersey tax based upon the number of resident and non-resident limited partners and apportionment of income related to the Partnership’s investment in certain Local Limited Partnerships. For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, the expense was approximately $31,000 and $21,000, respectively.

 

Interest expense on non-recourse notes payable was approximately $8,000 and $12,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The decrease in interest expense is due to the extinguishment of the non-recourse notes payable related to Cassady Village during March 2012, as discussed in “Liquidity and Capital Resources”.

 

The Partnership, as a limited partner in the Local Limited Partnerships in which it has invested, is subject to the risks incident to the construction, management and ownership of improved real estate.  The Partnership’s investments are also subject to adverse general economic conditions, and, accordingly, the status of the national economy, including substantial unemployment, concurrent inflation and changing legislation which could increase vacancy levels, rental payment defaults, and operating expenses, which in turn could substantially increase the risk of operating losses for the projects.

 

The current policy of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”) is to not renew the Housing Assistance Payment (“HAP”) Contracts on a long term basis on the existing terms.  In connection with renewals of the HAP Contracts under current law and policy, the amount of rental assistance payments under renewed HAP Contracts will be based on market rentals instead of above market rentals, which may be the case under existing HAP Contracts.  The payments under the renewed HAP Contracts may not be in an amount that would provide sufficient cash flow to permit owners of properties subject to HAP Contracts to meet the debt service requirements of existing loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration of HUD (“FHA”) unless such mortgage loans are restructured.  In order to address the reduction in payments under HAP Contracts as a result of current policy, the Multi-family Assisted Housing Reform and Affordability Act of 1997 (“MAHRAA”) provides for the restructuring of mortgage loans insured by the FHA with respect to properties subject to the Section 8 program. Under MAHRAA, an FHA-insured mortgage loan can be restructured into a first mortgage loan which will be amortized on a current basis and a low interest rate second mortgage loan payable to FHA which will only be payable on maturity of the first mortgage loan. This restructuring results in a reduction in annual debt service payable by the owner of the FHA-insured mortgage loan and is expected to result in an insurance payment from FHA to the holder of the FHA-insured loan due to the reduction in the principal amount. MAHRAA also phases out project-based subsidies on selected properties serving families not located in rental markets with limited supply, converting such subsidies to a tenant-based subsidy.

 

When the HAP Contracts are subject to renewal, there can be no assurance that the Local Limited Partnerships in which the Partnership has an investment will be permitted to restructure its mortgage indebtedness under MAHRAA.  In addition, the economic impact on the Partnership of the combination of the reduced payments under the HAP Contracts and the restructuring of the existing FHA-insured mortgage loans under MAHRAA is uncertain. 

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

The Partnership owns limited partnership interests in unconsolidated Local Limited Partnerships, in which the Partnership’s ownership percentage ranges from 90% to 99%.  However, based on the provisions of the relevant partnership agreements, the Partnership, as a limited partner, does not have control or a contractual relationship with the Local Limited Partnerships that would require or allow for consolidation under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (see “Note 1 – Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the consolidated financial statements in “Item 1. Financial Statements”).  There are no lines of credit, side agreements or any other derivative financial instruments between the Local Limited Partnerships and the Partnership.  Accordingly the Partnership’s maximum risk of loss related to these unconsolidated Local Limited Partnerships is limited to the recorded investments in and receivables from the Local Limited Partnerships.  See “Note 2 – Investments in and Advances to Local Limited Partnerships” of the consolidated financial statements in “Item 1. Financial Statements” for additional information about the Partnership’s investments in unconsolidated Local Limited Partnerships.

 

Other

 

In addition to its indirect ownership of the general partnership interest in the Partnership, Aimco and its affiliates owned 879.5 limited partnership units (the "Units") (or 1,759 limited partnership interests) in the Partnership representing 10.57% of the outstanding Units at March 31, 2012. A Unit consists of two limited partnership interests. A number of these Units were acquired pursuant to tender offers made by Aimco or its affiliates. Under the Partnership Agreement, Unit holders holding a majority of the Units are entitled to take action with respect to a variety of matters that include, but are not limited to, voting on certain amendments to the Partnership Agreement and voting to remove the Corporate General Partner. Although the Corporate General Partner owes fiduciary duties to the limited partners of the Partnership, the Corporate General Partner also owes fiduciary duties to Aimco as its sole stockholder. As a result, the duties of the Corporate General Partner, as corporate general partner, to the Partnership and its limited partners may come into conflict with the duties of the Corporate General Partner to Aimco as its sole stockholder.

 

Variable Interest Entites

 

The Partnership consolidates any variable interest entities in which the Partnership holds a variable interest and is the primary beneficiary. Generally, a variable interest entity, or VIE, is an entity with one or more of the following characteristics: (a) the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support; (b) as a group the holders of the equity investment at risk lack (i) the ability to make decisions about an entity’s activities through voting or similar rights, (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity, or (iii) the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity; or (c) the equity investors have voting rights that are not proportional to their economic interests and substantially all of the entity’s activities either involve, or are conducted on behalf of, an investor that has disproportionately few voting rights. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is generally the entity that has (a) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (b) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

 

In determining whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, the Partnership considers qualitative and quantitative factors, including, but not limited to: which activities most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and which party controls such activities; the amount and characteristics of the Partnership’s investment; the obligation or likelihood for the Partnership or other investors to provide financial support; and the similarity with and significance to the business activities of the Partnership and the other investors.  Significant judgments related to these determinations include estimates about the current and future fair values and performance of real estate held by these VIEs and general market conditions.

 

At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Partnership holds variable interests in 6 and 9 VIEs, respectively, for which the Partnership is not the primary beneficiary.  The Partnership has concluded, based on its qualitative consideration of the partnership agreement, the partnership structure and the role of the general partner in each of the Local Limited Partnerships, that the general partner of each of the Local Limited Partnerships is the primary beneficiary of the respective Local Limited Partnership. In making this determination, the Partnership considered the following factors:

 

·         the general partners conduct and manage the business of the Local Limited Partnerships;

·         the general partners have the responsibility for and sole discretion over selecting a property management agent for the Local Limited Partnerships’ underlying real estate properties;

·         the general partners are responsible for approving operating and capital budgets for the properties owned by the Local Limited Partnerships;

·         the general partners are obligated to fund any recourse obligations of the Local Limited Partnerships;

·         the general partners are authorized to borrow funds on behalf of the Local Limited Partnerships; and

·         the Partnership, as a limited partner in each of the Local Limited Partnerships, does not have the ability to direct or otherwise significantly influence the activities of the Local Limited Partnerships that most significantly impact such entities’ economic performance.

 

The 6 VIEs at March 31, 2012 consist of Local Limited Partnerships that are directly engaged in the ownership and management of 6 apartment properties with a total of 345 units.  The Partnership is involved with those VIEs as a non-controlling limited partner equity holder. The Partnership’s maximum exposure to loss as a result of its involvement with the unconsolidated VIEs is limited to the Partnership’s recorded investments in and receivables from these VIEs, which were approximately $564,000 and $508,000 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.  The Partnership may be subject to additional losses to the extent of any financial support that the Partnership voluntarily provides in the future.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which require the Partnership to make estimates and assumptions. The Partnership believes that of its critical accounting policies, the following may involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity.

 

Method of Accounting for Investments in Local Limited Partnerships

 

The Partnership, as a limited partner, does not have a contractual relationship with the Local Limited Partnerships or exercise control over the activities and operations, including refinancing or selling decisions, of the Local Limited Partnerships that would require or allow for consolidation. Accordingly, the Partnership accounts for its investments in the Local Limited Partnerships using the equity method. The Partnership is allocated profits and losses of the Local Limited Partnerships based upon its respective ownership percentages between 90% and 99%. Distributions of surplus cash from operations from most of the Local Limited Partnerships are restricted by the Local Limited Partnerships’ Regulatory Agreements with the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”). These restrictions limit the distribution to a portion, generally less than 10%, of the initial invested capital. The excess surplus cash is deposited into a residual receipts reserve, of which the ultimate realization by the Partnership is uncertain as HUD frequently retains it upon sale or dissolution of the Local Limited Partnership. The Partnership is allocated profits and losses and receives distributions from refinancings and sales in accordance with the Local Limited Partnerships’ partnership agreements. These agreements usually limit the Partnership’s distributions to an amount substantially less than its ownership percentage in the Local Limited Partnership. 

 

The individual investments are carried at cost plus the Partnership’s share of the Local Limited Partnership’s profits less the Partnership’s share of the Local Limited Partnership’s losses, distributions and impairment charges. The Partnership is not legally liable for the obligations of the Local Limited Partnerships and is not otherwise committed to provide additional support to them. Therefore, it does not recognize losses once its investment in each of the Local Limited Partnerships reaches zero.  Distributions from the Local Limited Partnerships are accounted for as a reduction of the investment balance until the investment balance is reduced to zero. When the investment balance has been reduced to zero, subsequent distributions received are recognized as income in the consolidated statements of operations. 

 

For those investments where the Partnership has determined that the carrying value of its investments approximates the estimated fair value of those investments, the Partnership’s policy is to recognize equity in income of the Local Limited Partnerships only to the extent of distributions received and amortization of acquisition costs from those Local Limited Partnerships.  Therefore, the Partnership limits its recognition of equity earnings to the amount it expects to ultimately realize.

 

ITEM 3.     QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 4.     CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

(a)   Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

The Partnership’s management, with the participation of the principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the Corporate General Partner, who are the equivalent of the Partnership’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, respectively, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the Corporate General Partner, who are the equivalent of the Partnership’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, respectively, have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective. 

 

(b)   Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

There has been no change in the Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter to which this report relates that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.

 


PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

ITEM 6.     EXHIBITS

 

See Exhibit Index.

 

The agreements included as exhibits to this Form 10-Q contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable agreement. These representations and warranties have been made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreement and:

 

  • should not in all instances be treated as categorical statements of fact, but rather as a way of allocating the risk to one of the parties if those statements prove to be inaccurate;

 

  • have been qualified by disclosures that were made to the other party in connection with the negotiation of the applicable agreement, which disclosures are not necessarily reflected in the agreement;

 

  • may apply standards of materiality in a way that is different from what may be viewed as material to an investor; and

 

  • were made only as of the date of the applicable agreement or such other date or dates as may be specified in the agreement and are subject to more recent developments.

 

Accordingly, these representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time. The Partnership acknowledges that, notwithstanding the inclusion of the foregoing cautionary statements, it is responsible for considering whether additional specific disclosures of material information regarding material contractual provisions are required to make the statements in this Form 10-Q not misleading. Additional information about the Partnership may be found elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and the Partnership’s other public filings, which are available without charge through the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.  

 



REAL ESTATE ASSOCIATES LIMITED VI

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

 

Exhibit     Description of Exhibit

 

 

3          Articles of incorporation and bylaws: The registrant is not incorporated. The Partnership Agreement was filed with Form S-11 #2-82090 which is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

3.1        Amendment to the Restated Certificate and Agreement of Limited Partnership of Real Estate Associates Limited VI, filed with the Partnership’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 29, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

10.5       Assignment Agreement by and between Real Estate Associates Limited VI, a California limited partnership, Linda Kittleson, and Duane Kittleson and Richard C. Adams, dated May 19, 2011, incorporated by reference to the Partnership’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2011.

 

10.6       Assignment Agreement by and between Real Estate Associates Limited VI, a California limited partnership, Linda Kittleson and Duane Kittleson, dated May 19, 2011, incorporated by reference to the Partnership’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2011.

 

10.7       Assignment Agreement by and between Real Estate Associates Limited VI, a California limited partnership, Linda Kittleson and Duane Kittleson, dated May 19, 2011, incorporated by reference to the Partnership’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2011.

 

10.8       Assignment and Assumption of Limited Partner Interest and First Amendment to the First Amended and Restated Agreement and Certificate of Limited Partnership by and between Real Estate Associates Limited VI, a California limited partnership, Alvarez Bracero LP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Bucare Development Corporation, a Puerto Rico corporation, and Bahia Guayanilla Corporation, a Puerto Rico Corporation, dated August 16, 2011, incorporated by reference to the Partnership’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 16, 2011.

 

10.9       First Amendment to Agreement and Certificate of Limited Partnership of Valley Oaks Senior Housing Associates by and between Real Estate Associates Limited VI, a California limited partnership, and Patrick R. Sabelhaus and Kristen Otto, dated August 22, 2011, incorporated by reference to the Partnership’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 22, 2011.

 

31.1      Certification of equivalent of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

31.2      Certification of equivalent of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

32.1       Certification of the equivalent of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

101        XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language). The following materials from Real Estate Associates Limited VI’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012, formatted in XBRL: (i) consolidated balance sheets, (ii) consolidated statements of operations, (iii) consolidated statement of changes in Partners’ capital (deficiency), (iv) consolidated statements of cash flows, and (v) notes to consolidated financial statements (1).

 

(1)        As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.