Exhibit 8.1

April 2, 2012

CVR Partners, LP

2277 Plaza Drive, Suite 500

Sugar Land, Texas 77479

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel for CVR Partners LP (the “Partnership”), a Delaware limited partnership, with respect to certain legal matters in connection with the offer and sale by the selling unitholder of common units representing limited partner interests in the Partnership. We have also participated in the preparation of a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-179930) (the “Registration Statement”).

This opinion is based on various facts and assumptions, and is conditioned upon certain representations made by the Partnership as to factual matters through a certificate of the general partner of the Partnership (the “GP’s Certificate”). In addition, this opinion is based upon the factual representations of the Partnership concerning its business, properties and governing documents as set forth in the Registration Statement.

In our capacity as counsel to the Partnership, we have made such legal and factual examinations and inquiries, including an examination of originals or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction of such documents, corporate records and other instruments, as we have deemed necessary or appropriate for purposes of this opinion. In our examination, we have assumed the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the genuineness of all signatures thereon, the legal capacity of natural persons executing such documents and the conformity to authentic original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies. For the purpose of our opinion, we have not made an independent investigation or audit of the facts set forth in the above-referenced documents or in the GP’s Certificate. In addition, in rendering this opinion we have assumed the truth and accuracy of all representations and statements made to us which are qualified as to knowledge or belief, without regard to such qualification.

We are opining herein as to the effect on the subject transaction only of the federal income tax laws of the United States, and we express no opinion with respect to the applicability thereto, or the effect thereon, of other federal laws, foreign laws, the laws of any state or any other jurisdiction or as to any matters of municipal law or the laws of any other local agencies within any state. Based on the facts, assumptions and representations set forth herein, the discussion in the Registration Statement under the caption “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences,” insofar as such discussion purports to constitute a summary of U.S. federal income tax law and regulations or legal conclusions with respect thereto, constitutes the opinion of Vinson & Elkins LLP as to the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the matters described therein. No opinion is expressed as to any matter not discussed therein.

Exhibit 8.1

This opinion is based on various statutory provisions, regulations promulgated thereunder and interpretations thereof by the Internal Revenue Service and the courts having jurisdiction over such matters, all of which are subject to change either prospectively or retroactively. Also, any variation or difference in the facts from those set forth in the representations described above, including in the Registration Statement and the GP’s Certificate, may affect the conclusions stated herein.

This opinion is furnished to you, and is for your use in connection with the transactions set forth in the Registration Statement. This opinion may not be relied upon by you for any other purpose or furnished to, assigned to, quoted to or relied upon by any other person, firm or other entity, for any purpose, without our prior written consent. However, this opinion may be relied upon by you and by persons entitled to rely on it pursuant to applicable provisions of federal securities law, including persons purchasing common units pursuant to the Registration Statement.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion of counsel as Exhibit 8.1 to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm in the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.