UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K/A

(Amendment No. 1)

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010

or

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number: 001-32449

VITRAN CORPORATION INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

185 The West Mall, Suite 701, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M9C 5L5

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

416-596-7664

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ¨    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to the Form 10-K.    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 16,300,041 common shares outstanding at February 9, 2011. The aggregate market value of the voting stock of the registrant, excluding directors, officers and registered holders of 10% as of February 9, 2011 was approximately $163,155,000.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

1) Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”), to be filed within 120 days of the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, are incorporated by reference in Part III hereof. Except with respect to information specifically incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K, the Proxy Statement is not deemed to be filed as part hereof.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This Annual Report on Form 10-K/A (“Amended Form 10-K”) is being filed as Amendment No. 1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 11, 2011 (the “Original Filing”). This Amended Form 10-K is a technical amendment to add as Exhibit 23.1, the Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. The referenced exhibit was inadvertently omitted from the Original Filing.

We have not modified or updated other disclosures presented in our Original Filing. Accordingly, this Amended Form 10-K does not reflect events occurring after the filing of our Original Filing and does not modify or update those disclosures affected by subsequent events. Information not affected by this amendment is unchanged and reflects the disclosures made at the time of the Original Filing. Pursuant to Rule 12b-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the complete text of Item 15, as amended, is repeated in this Amended 10-K.

This Amended 10-K consists solely of the preceding cover page, this explanatory note, amended Item 15, the signature page, the consent filed as exhibit 23.1 under amended Item 15 to this Amended 10-K and restated exhibits 31.1, 31.2 and 32.1.

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PART IV

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The exhibits listed in the accompanying Exhibit Index are filed as part of this Amended Annual Report on Form 10-K/A.

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Notes:

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 1 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Toronto, Province of Ontario, on the 6th day of October, 2011.