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10-Q - FORM 10-Q - QUANTUM FUEL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES WORLDWIDE, INC.d216425d10q.htm
EX-32.2 - SECTION 906 CFO CERTIFICATION - QUANTUM FUEL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES WORLDWIDE, INC.d216425dex322.htm
EXCEL - IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT - QUANTUM FUEL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES WORLDWIDE, INC.Financial_Report.xls
EX-31.1 - SECTION 302 CEO CERTIFICATION - QUANTUM FUEL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES WORLDWIDE, INC.d216425dex311.htm
EX-32.1 - SECTION 906 CEO CERTIFICATION - QUANTUM FUEL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES WORLDWIDE, INC.d216425dex321.htm
EX-31.2 - SECTION 302 CFO CERTIFICATION - QUANTUM FUEL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES WORLDWIDE, INC.d216425dex312.htm
EX-10.8 - FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT - QUANTUM FUEL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES WORLDWIDE, INC.d216425dex108.htm

EXHIBIT 99.1

RISK FACTORS

An investment in the securities being offered is speculative and involves a high degree of risk. Before you invest, you should carefully consider the following risks, as well as the other information contained in this report and in the documents incorporated by reference. These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this report. The risks and uncertainties identified below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently know to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business and results of operations. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be seriously harmed. In that event, the market price for our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment.

RISKS RELATED TO LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Although our financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, we must raise additional capital before October 1, 2011 to fund our operations in order to continue as a going concern.

Ernst & Young LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2011, has included an explanatory paragraph in their opinion that accompanies our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended April 30, 2011, indicating that our current liquidity position raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. If we are unable to improve our liquidity position we may not be able to continue as a going concern. Our ability to raise the capital needed to improve our financial condition may be hindered by the participation right held by the investors from the private placement transaction we completed in February 2011 as the existence of such participation right may deter investors from purchasing our equity or debt securities. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result if we are unable to continue as a going concern and, therefore, be required to realize our assets and discharge our liabilities other than in the normal course of business which could cause investors to suffer the loss of all or a substantial portion of their investment.

We anticipate that our principal sources of liquidity will only be sufficient to fund our activities and debt service needs through October 1, 2011. In order to have sufficient cash to fund our operations beyond October 1, 2011, we will need to raise additional equity or debt capital by October 1, 2011 in order to continue as a going concern and we cannot provide any assurance that we will be successful in doing so.

We may not be able to refinance, extend or repay our substantial indebtedness owed to our senior secured lender, which would have a material adverse affect on our financial condition and ability to continue as a going concern.

We anticipate that we will need to raise a significant amount of debt or equity capital in the near future in order to repay our outstanding debt obligations owed to our senior secured lender when they mature. As of August 31, 2011, we owed our senior secured lender $15.5 million (Senior Debt Amount), which consists of (i) $12.7 million of principal and interest due under three convertible promissory notes of which $2.0 million was due and paid on September 9, 2011 and the remaining $10.7 million that is due on the scheduled maturity dates of October 31, 2011 and (ii) $2.8 million owing under a demand promissory note (referred to in our consolidated financial statements and elsewhere in this report as the Consent Fee Term Note) that is potentially payable in cash if our stock price is not above $2.00 per share at the time demand for payment is made. If we are unable to raise sufficient capital to repay these obligations at maturity and we are otherwise unable to extend the maturity dates or refinance these obligations, we would be in default. We cannot provide any assurances that we will be able to raise the necessary amount of capital to repay these obligations or that we will be able to extend the maturity dates or otherwise refinance these obligations. Upon a default in the Senior Debt Amount, our senior secured lender would have the right to exercise its rights and remedies to collect, which would include foreclosing on our assets. Accordingly, a default would have a material adverse effect on our business and, if our senior secured lender exercises its rights and remedies, we would likely be forced to seek bankruptcy protection.


We may not be able to maintain compliance with the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Global Market.

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market. In order to maintain that listing, we must satisfy minimum financial and other requirements including, without limitation, a requirement that our closing bid price be at least $1.00 per share. On February 8, 2011, we implemented a 1-for-20 reverse stock split in order to regain compliance with the $1.00 closing bid price requirement. If we fail to continue to meet all applicable continued listing requirements for The Nasdaq Global Market in the future and Nasdaq determines to delist our common stock, the delisting could adversely affect the market liquidity of our common stock, our ability to obtain financing to repay debt and fund our operations.

We have a history of operating losses and negative cash flow and we anticipate that we will need to raise additional funds to finance operations.

We have a history of operating losses and negative cash flow. We have incurred recurring net losses, including net losses from operations before income taxes of $28.0 million, $46.3 million and $11.3 million in fiscal 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively, and $7.9 million for the first three months of fiscal 2012. We used $16.9 million, $14.7 million and $13.6 million of cash for operating activities during fiscal 2009, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2011, respectively, and $7.7 million for the first three months of fiscal 2012.

To support our existing and new OEM customer programs, we will need to raise additional capital to fund our future operations. Our cash needs will depend on numerous factors, including our revenues, completion of our product development activities, our ability to commercialize our advanced propulsion and fuel systems, market acceptance of electric, plug-in electric and fuel cell vehicles, customer and market acceptance and use of our products, the development of an infrastructure to support electric, plug-in electric and fuel cell vehicles, increase in customer programs and product development, and our ability to reduce and control costs. We expect to devote substantial capital resources to, among other things, fund operations, continue development programs, and to build out and increase our portfolio of wind and solar energy farms. If we are unable to secure such additional financing, it will have a material adverse effect on our business and we may have to limit operations in a manner inconsistent with our development and commercialization plans. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of equity securities or convertible debt securities, it will be dilutive to our stockholders and could result in a decrease in our stock price.

We have funded our operations primarily with proceeds from public and private offerings of our common stock and secured and unsecured debt instruments. Our history of operating losses and cash uses, our projections of the level of cash that will be required for our operations to reach profitability, the terms of the private placement transactions that we completed in the past, and the restricted availability of credit for emerging industries, may impair our ability to raise capital on terms that we consider reasonable and at the levels that we will require over the coming months. We cannot provide any assurances that we will be able to secure additional funding from public or private offerings on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain the requisite amount of financing needed to fund our planned operations, it would have a material adverse effect on our business and ability to continue as a going concern.

Our stockholders are subject to significant dilution upon the occurrence of certain events which could result in a decrease in our stock price.

As of July 31, 2011, we had approximately 9.7 million shares of our common stock reserved or designated for future issuance upon the exercise of outstanding options and warrants, and conversion of outstanding convertible debt and in payment of demands made under the Consent Fee Term Note. Further, we may from time to time make an offer to our warrant holders to exchange their outstanding warrants for shares of our common stock, a fewer number of warrants with more favorable terms, or a combination thereof.

Included in the shares of common stock designated for future issuance discussed above are 968,992 shares that are subject to warrant contracts issued in October 2006 that are currently exercisable at $2.92 per share (the “October 2006 Warrants”). The October 2006 Warrants contain a provision that, subject to certain exceptions, resets the exercise price of such warrants if at any time while such warrants are outstanding we sell or issue (or are deemed to sell or issue) shares of our common stock or rights, warrants, options or other securities or debt convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock at a price below the then current exercise price per share for such warrants. In the event of future price resets, the number of shares of our common stock that are subject to such warrants increase so that the aggregate purchase price payable applicable to the exercise of the warrants after the reset of the exercise price is the same as the aggregate purchase price payable immediately prior to the reset. Any future resets to the exercise price of the October 2006 Warrants will have a further dilutive effect on our existing stockholders and could result in a decrease in our stock price.


Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock into the public and the issuance of the shares reserved for future issuance, in payment of our term debt, and/or in exchange for outstanding warrants will be dilutive to our existing stockholders and could result in a decrease in our stock price.

The market price and trading volume of our common stock may be volatile.

The market price and trading volume of our common stock has been volatile. We expect that the market price of our common stock will continue to fluctuate significantly for many reasons, including in response to the risk factors described in this prospectus or for reasons unrelated to our specific performance. In recent years, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. This volatility has affected the market prices of securities issued by many companies for reasons unrelated to their operating performance and may adversely affect the market price and trading volume of our common stock. Prices for our common stock may also be influenced by the depth and liquidity of the market for our common stock, investor perceptions about us and our business, our future financial results, the absence of cash dividends on our common stock and general economic and market conditions. In the past, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in their stock price. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and could divert our management and other resources.

We may not be able to obtain waivers of potential defaults in the future from our lender if we do not meet future requirements associated with our amended credit facility and convertible promissory note.

We received waivers of defaults from our senior secured lender on March 12, 2009, January 16, 2008 and December 14, 2007 and we were operating under a Forbearance Agreement with our senior lender from January 3, 2011 through April 29, 2011 related to our non-compliance with certain required debt service payments and covenants. We cannot provide any assurance that our lender would provide us with a waiver should we not be in compliance in the future. A failure to maintain compliance along with our lender not agreeing to a waiver for the non-compliance would cause the outstanding borrowings to be in default and payable on demand which would have a material adverse effect on us and our ability to continue as a going concern.

We have a commitment to provide a guaranty to an affiliate’s credit facility that could be called upon if the affiliate defaults on the credit facility in the future.

In connection with our acquisition of an ownership interest in our German solar affiliate, Asola, we committed to provide a 1.0 million euro guaranty to Asola’s bank to support an increase in Asola’s bank debt. To date, Asola’s bank has not required us to put the guaranty in place. However, we cannot provide any assurance that we will not be required to put the guaranty in place in the future. If and when the guaranty is put in place, we could be called upon to repay the credit facility up to the limit of our guaranty if Asola were to default on its credit facility.

The change in value of our derivative liabilities could have a material effect on our financial results.

Included on our balance sheet at April 30, 2011 are derivative liabilities related to embedded features contained within certain warrant contracts. At each reporting period, we are required to determine the fair value of such derivatives and record the fair value adjustments as non-cash unrealized gains or losses. The share price of our common stock represents the primary underlying variable that impacts the value of the derivative instruments. Additional factors that impact the value of the derivative instruments include the volatility of our stock price, our credit rating, discount rates, and stated interest rates. Due to the volatile nature of our share price, we expect that we will recognize non-cash gains or losses on our derivative instruments each reporting period and that the amount of such gains or losses could be material.

Our financial condition may impair our ability to obtain credit terms with our suppliers.

Our automotive contracts typically provide us with payment terms of at least 30 days. However, our financial condition may make it difficult for us to continue to receive payment terms of at least 30 days or may result in one or more of our suppliers making demand for adequate assurance, which could include a demand for payment-in-advance. If we are unable to obtain reasonable payment terms or if any of our material suppliers were to successfully demand payment-in-advance, it could have a material adverse affect on our liquidity.


RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS

Risks Related to our Electric Drive & Fuel Systems Segment

Fisker Automotive represents a substantial portion of our existing and anticipated future revenues and these future revenues will depend on Fisker Automotive’s success.

A large percentage of our revenue is typically derived from a small number of customers, in particular, Fisker Automotive, and we expect this trend to continue. We expect that our revenues from Fisker Automotive for the remainder of fiscal year 2012 and the foreseeable future will continue to represent a substantial portion of our total revenues. If there is a significant unfavorable change in our agreements with Fisker Automotive or if there are delays in the development and/or production schedule of the Fisker Karma vehicle platform or the number of Fisker Karma vehicles sold does not meet expectations, it would have a material adverse affect on our business operations and financial results.

Fisker Automotive’s success and, in turn, our success and ability to reach profitability, is highly dependent on Fisker Automotive’s ability to access the full amount of a $528 million Department of Energy loan.

Our ability to achieve profitability is highly dependent on the success of Fisker Automotive. Fisker Automotive intends to use the proceeds of a Department of Energy loan (“DOE Loan”) to complete the development, testing and tooling for its Karma vehicle platform and future vehicle platforms. Fisker Automotive’s ability to access the DOE Loan is subject to a number of conditions and covenants. If Fisker Automotive is unable to satisfy the DOE Loan conditions or violates any of the DOE Loan covenants, it may not be able to access the full amount of the DOE Loan or obtain alternative sources of funding, which could have a material adverse effect on Fisker Automotive’s ability to bring the Karma and other vehicle models to production. Failure or delays in bringing the Fisker Karma to production would have a material adverse effect on our business operations and financial results.

Our fuel cell vehicle development and production revenue depends on our relationship with General Motors and General Motors’ commitment to and success with the commercialization of fuel cell vehicles.

General Motors has represented a significant portion of our historical revenues and although our relationship with General Motors under our strategic alliance continues, certain of our programs with General Motors have been delayed indefinitely and others have experienced funding restraints. Although we received a $10.0 million fuel cell program award in fiscal year 2011 from General Motors and anticipate that revenue levels from General Motors will increase over the next couple of years compared to the revenues recorded in fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011, we cannot provide any assurances when, or if, the level of services and amount of revenues will attain the levels reached prior to fiscal year 2009.

Certain of our agreements with General Motors could impair our ability to grow our hydrogen fuel systems business.

On February 14, 2011, we and General Motors entered into an Agreement in Support of Development and an Access and Security Agreement in connection with a $10.0 million development and validation program related to hydrogen storage vessels and systems for General Motors’ fuel cell vehicles. The agreements provide General Motors with certain rights should an event of default under either of those agreements occur including, without limitation, (i) a security interest in and an option to purchase at orderly liquidation value any equipment and tooling owned by us and used in the development and/or production of the components that are the subject of the Agreement in Support of Development (the “Component Parts”), (ii) the right to access our premises and to use our equipment, tooling and employees for a period of up to 360 days in order to continue development or production, as the case may be; provided, however, General Motors shall be obligated to pay all actual costs related thereto, and (iii) a broad license to use our intellectual property embedded in or related to the deliverable being developed to make, have made, use, produce, manufacture, assemble, package, and distribute the Component Parts. If an event of default occurred and GM exercised any of such rights, it could have a material adverse effect on our fuel systems business.


Failure to fully utilize our facilities could adversely affect our operating results.

We have a long-term lease agreement for our 88,000 square foot facility located in Irvine, California, which is currently underutilized. If we are unable to secure additional programs that will allow us to more fully utilize this facility or if we are not able to recoup the lease costs associated with this facility from a sublease arrangement, the carrying cost for this facility will continue to have an adverse affect on our operating results. Further, if we enter into a sublease arrangement for less than the full amount of our lease costs for this facility, we will be required to record a charge in our financial statements and the amount of such charge could be substantial.

We depend on third-party suppliers for the supply of materials and components for our products.

We depend on third-party suppliers for the supply of materials and components for our products. These companies may experience product development, resource and funding constraints that could impact their ability to supply components in a timely manner, if at all. Further, a prolonged downturn in the automotive industry could have a crippling effect on the automotive supplier chain which, in turn, could result in failures and disruptions in the supply of parts and components to us and materially affect our ability to meet our supply obligations to Fisker Automotive and other customers.

Our ability to design and manufacture powertrain and fuel systems for hybrid, hydrogen and fuel cell applications that can be integrated into new vehicle platforms will be critical to our business and our ability to successfully complete existing development programs.

We are currently developing and integrating advanced hybrid propulsion systems for production intent vehicles. These electric drive and fuel systems are being designed to meet strict design and packaging requirements of our customers. Customers for these systems require that these products meet either their strict design standards or OEM level standards that can vary by jurisdiction. Compliance with these requirements has resulted in increased development, manufacturing, warranty and administrative costs. A significant increase in these costs could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. If we fail to meet OEM or customer specifications on a timely basis, our existing or future relationships with our OEM and other customers may be harmed, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

To be commercially viable, our products and systems generally must be integrated into products manufactured by OEMs. We can offer no assurance that OEMs will manufacture appropriate products or, if they do manufacture such products, that they will choose to use our hybrid and fuel cell products and systems. Any integration, design, manufacturing or marketing problems encountered by OEMs could adversely affect the market for our hybrid and fuel cell products and systems, and our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our business depends on the growth of hybrid electric, hydrogen, and alternative fuel based vehicles.

Our future success depends on the continued expansion and commercialization of hybrid electric, hydrogen and alternative fuel based vehicles. The market for these types of vehicles and technologies is influenced by and our sales may be negatively impacted by a number of factors, including, without limitation, oil prices, battery durability improvements, levels of investment tax credits and regulation, capital formation, interest rates and consumer disposable income.

The development, growth and acceptance of alternative fuel based vehicles is highly dependent on macro-economic conditions, specifically oil prices and the overall health of the economy. We believe if and when oil prices fall, the general attention placed on the development of advanced technology vehicles diminishes. Similarly, we believe consumers are less willing to spend a “technology premium” when faced with economic uncertainty. The downturn in the world economy is placing a tremendous strain on the automotive industry, including slowing demand for vehicles and limiting funding for alternative fuel vehicle programs outside of governmental grant and loan programs.

Additionally, we cannot provide any assurances that the markets for hybrid electric vehicles and other alternative energy based vehicles will gain broad acceptance in any economic environment or, if they do, that they will result in increased sales of hybrid vehicles and our advanced fuel system products. Our business depends on auto manufacturers’ timing for pre-production development programs and commercial production. If there are delays in the advancement of OEM alternative fuel technologies or in our OEM customers’ internal plans for advanced vehicle commercialization, our financial results could be adversely affected.


A mass market for hydrogen products and systems may never develop or may take longer to develop than anticipated.

Fuel cell and hydrogen systems represent emerging technologies, and we do not know whether consumers will adopt these technologies on a large scale or whether OEMs will incorporate these technologies into their products. In particular, if a mass market fails to develop, or develops more slowly than anticipated, for hydrogen powered transportation applications, we may be unable to recover our expenditures to develop our fuel systems for hydrogen applications and may be unable to achieve or maintain profitability, any of which could negatively impact our business. Many factors that are beyond our control may have a negative effect on the development of a mass market for fuel cells and our fuel systems for hydrogen applications. These factors include the following:

 

   

cost competitiveness and physical size of fuel cell systems and “balance of plant” components (e.g. fuel metering and regulation, bi-directional flow monitoring, sensors, etc.);

 

   

availability, future costs and safety of hydrogen, natural gas and other potential fuel cell fuels;

 

   

consumer acceptance of hydrogen or alternative fuel products;

 

   

government funding and support for the development of hydrogen vehicles and hydrogen fuel infrastructure;

 

   

the willingness of OEMs to replace current technology;

 

   

consumer perceptions of hydrogen systems;

 

   

regulatory requirements; and

 

   

emergence of newer, breakthrough technologies and products within the automotive industry.

Evolving customer design requirements, product specifications and testing procedures could cause order delays or cancellations.

We have experienced delays in shipping our products in the past as a result of changing customer specifications and testing procedures. Due to the dynamic nature of hybrid and hydrogen fuel cell technology, changes in specifications are common and may result in delayed shipments, order cancellations or higher production costs. Evolving design requirements or product specifications may adversely affect our business or financial results.

We have limited experience manufacturing hybrid propulsion and fuel systems on a commercial basis.

We have limited experience manufacturing propulsion and fuel systems for hybrid, plug-in electric hybrid, fuel cell and hydrogen applications on a commercial basis. In order to produce propulsion systems for hybrid and fuel cell applications at affordable prices, we will have to produce hybrid and fuel cell drive systems through high volume automated processes. We do not know whether we, or our suppliers, will be able to develop efficient, automated, low-cost manufacturing capability and processes that will enable us to meet the quality, price, engineering, design and production standards, or production volumes required to successfully mass market our propulsion systems for hybrid and fuel cell applications. Even if we, or our suppliers, are successful in developing our high volume manufacturing capability and processes, we do not know whether we will be able to do so in time to meet our product commercialization schedules or to satisfy the requirements of our customers. Our failure to develop such manufacturing processes and capabilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We may not meet our product development and commercialization milestones.

We have product development programs that are in the pre-commercial stage. The success of each product development program is highly dependent on our correct interpretation of commercial market requirements, and our translation of those requirements into applicable product specifications and appropriate development milestones. If we have misinterpreted market requirements, or if the requirements of the market change, we may develop a product that does not meet the cost and performance requirements for a successful commercial product. In addition, if we do not meet the required development milestones, our commercialization schedules could be delayed, which could result in potential purchasers of these products declining to purchase additional systems or choosing to purchase alternative technologies. Delayed commercialization schedules may also impact our cash flow, which could require increased funding.


We may be subject to warranty claims, and our provision for warranty costs may not be sufficient.

We may be subject to increased warranty claims as our products go to production due to longer warranty periods. In response to consumer demand, vehicle manufacturers have been providing, and may continue to provide, increasingly longer warranty periods for their products. As a consequence, these manufacturers require their suppliers, such as us, to provide correspondingly longer product warranties. As a result, we could incur substantially greater warranty claims in the future.

Our business may be subject to product liability claims or product recalls, which could be expensive and could result in a diversion of management’s attention.

The automotive industry experiences significant product liability claims. As a supplier of products and systems to automotive OEMs, we face an inherent business risk of exposure to product liability claims in the event that our products, or the equipment into which our products are incorporated, malfunction and result in personal injury or death. We may be named in product liability claims even if there is no evidence that our systems or components caused the accidents. Product liability claims could result in significant losses as a result of expenses incurred in defending claims or the award of damages. The sale of systems and components for the transportation industry entails a high risk of these claims. In addition, we may be required to participate in recalls involving these systems if any of our systems prove to be defective, or we may voluntarily initiate a recall or make payments related to such claims as a result of various industry or business practices or the need to maintain good customer relationships. Our other products may also be subject to product liability claims or recalls. We cannot assure you that our product liability insurance will be sufficient to cover all product liability claims, that such claims will not exceed our insurance coverage limits or that such insurance will continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Any product liability claim brought against us could have a material adverse effect on our reputation and business.

Our business may become subject to future product certification regulations, which may impair our ability to market our products.

We must obtain product certification from governmental agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the California Air Resources Board, to sell certain of our products in the United States and internationally. A significant portion of our future sales will depend upon sales of fuel management products that are certified to meet existing and future air quality and energy standards. We cannot assure you that our products will continue to meet these standards. The failure to comply with these certification requirements could result in the recall of our products or in civil or criminal penalties.

We anticipate that regulatory bodies will establish certification procedures and impose regulations on fuel cell enabling technologies, which may impair our ability to distribute, install and service these systems. Any new government regulation that affects our advanced fuel technologies, whether at the foreign, federal, state or local level, including any regulations relating to installation and servicing of these systems, may increase our costs and the price of our systems. As a result, these regulations may have a negative impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Failure to comply with applicable environmental and other laws and regulations could adversely affect our business and harm our results of operations.

We use hazardous materials in our research and development and manufacturing processes, and as a result are subject to federal, state, local and foreign regulations governing the use, storage, handling and disposal of these materials and hazardous waste products that we generate. Although we believe that our procedures for using, handling, storing and disposing of hazardous materials comply with legally prescribed standards, we cannot completely eliminate the risk of contamination or injury resulting from hazardous materials and we may incur liability as a result of any such contamination or injury. In the event of an accident, including a discharge of hazardous materials into the environment, we could be held liable for damages or penalized with fines, and the liability could exceed our insurance and other resources. We have also incurred and may continue to incur expenses related to compliance with environmental laws. Such future expenses or liability could have a significant negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, we cannot assure you that the cost of complying with these laws and regulations will not materially increase in the future.

We are also subject to various other federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations, including new or revised safety or environmental standards, could give rise to significant liability and require us to incur substantial expenses and could materially harm our results of operations.


New technologies could render our existing products obsolete.

New developments in technology may negatively affect the development or sale of some or all of our products or make our products obsolete. A range of other technologies could compete with plug-in electric hybrid, fuel cell, hydrogen, hybrid or other technologies on which our automotive business is currently focused. Our success depends upon our ability to design, develop and market new or modified hybrid and fuel cell products and systems. Our inability to enhance existing products in a timely manner or to develop and introduce new products that incorporate new technologies, conform to increasingly stringent emission standards and performance requirements and achieve market acceptance in a timely manner could negatively impact our competitive position. New product development or modification is costly, involves significant research, development, time and expense and may not necessarily result in the successful commercialization of any new products.

Uniform codes and standards for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and related hydrogen refueling infrastructure may not develop in a timely fashion.

Uniform codes and standards do not currently exist for fuel cell systems, fuel cell components or the use of hydrogen as a vehicle fuel. Establishment of appropriate codes and standards is a critical element to allow fuel cell system developers, fuel cell component developers and hydrogen storage and handling companies to develop products that will be accepted in the marketplace.

All fuels, including hydrogen, pose significant safety hazards, and hydrogen vehicles have not yet been widely used under “real-world” driving conditions. Ensuring that hydrogen fuel is safe to use by the car-driving public requires that appropriate codes and standards be established that will address certain characteristics of hydrogen and the safe handling of hydrogen fuels.

The development of fuel cell and hydrogen fuel applicable standards is being undertaken by numerous organizations, including the American National Standards Institute, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the European Integrated Hydrogen Project, the International Code Council, the International Standards Organization, the National Fire Protection Association, the National Hydrogen Association, the Society of Automotive Engineers, the Canadian Standards Association, the American National Standards Institute and the International Electrotechnical Commission. Given the number of organizations pursuing hydrogen and fuel cell codes and standards, it is not clear whether universally accepted codes and standards will result and, if so, when.

Although many organizations have identified as a significant priority the development of codes and standards, we cannot assure you that any resulting codes and standards would not materially affect our revenue or the commercialization of our products.


Risks Related to Our Renewable Energy Segment and Investments

We cannot provide any assuance that our affiliate, Asola, or our majority owned subsidiary, Quantum Solar, will be able to fully respond to the changing market conditions prevailing within the global solar industry.

Our German affiliate, Asola, has experienced operating losses during calendar 2011 which is requiring it to seek measures to reduce their cost structure to remain competitive. In this regard, Asola has developed a relationship with a Chinese based manufacturer of solar energy products to potentially source partially-assembled solar panel sub-systems in China. We cannot provide any assurance that this relationship will be successful or that the sourcing of these sub-systems will enable Asola or Quantum Solar’s planned U.S. solar panel operation to be competitive in the solar industry. Asola and Quantum Solar may encounter difficulty in integrating these sub-systems into final assembled products and these entities may not be able to reach expected cost objectives. The inability of Asola and Quantum Solar to manufacture competitively priced solar panels will have a material adverse effect on our solar operations and our ability to produce profits from our investments in these operations in the future. Further, our deposits with and our investments in and advances to Asola could become impaired if Asola is unable to remain competitive over the long term.

Schneider Power’s success is highly dependent on its ability to obtain a substantial amount of capital in order to build and commission its renewable energy project pipeline.

Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Schneider Power, will need substantial capital in order to complete the development and construction of its wind and solar energy project pipeline. If Schneider Power is unable to obtain financing for its project pipeline, then it could result in significant delays in the development and construction of such projects or the sale or other disposition of such projects, which could have a material adverse effect on Schneider Power’s business, its ability to repay any intercompany loans made by us and our ability to realize the expected value we paid to acquire Schneider Power.

Schneider Power’s success is highly dependent on its ability to obtain permits, approvals, authorization, power purchase agreements and retain its land rights.

In order for Schneider Power to successfully develop and construct the wind and solar energy projects in its development pipeline it will need to obtain a number of various permits, approvals and authorizations from various federal, state, provincial and municipal governmental agencies and power purchase agreements with the respective governments or other third parties and must maintain its land access rights for such projects. We cannot provide any assurances that it will be able to obtain and maintain such permits, approvals, authorizations, agreements or land rights. Failure to obtain and maintain such permits, approvals, authorizations, agreements and land rights could result in significant delays or termination of the development projects, which could have a material adverse effect on Schneider Power’s business.

Development and construction of wind and solar energy projects is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties.

Development and construction of wind and solar electricity generation facilities is dependent on site assessment and the successful planning, installation and commissioning of clusters of wind turbines and solar module arrays, which includes foundation and interconnection structures. There is always the risk that a project will sustain delays and incur material cost overruns. In addition, wind and solar potential for a particular generation facility is based on historical data and weather patterns which may change significantly and have an adverse impact on future energy output and project profitability and cash flow for any given period.

Fluctuations in the Euro and Canadian dollar could have a material effect on Schneider Power’s business and operations.

Schneider Power, a Canadian entity, purchases its wind turbines and a majority of its other capital equipment from foreign suppliers that transact in Euro and U.S. dollars and which have long lead times. Unfavorable fluctuations in the Euro and U.S. dollar versus the Canadian dollar could have a significant adverse effect on Schneider Power’s financial results and could significantly increase the cost of capital equipment purchased from such foreign suppliers.


Decrease in demand or price for solar cells could have an adverse effect on our financial statements.

We, through our affiliate Asola, have entered into a long-term supply agreement under which we have agreed to purchase solar cells with a cumulative power of 77.5 mega watts (MW) through December 31, 2017 at pre-determined quantities that could cause us and Asola to hold larger than expected quantities of inventory on hand as a result of future decreased demand, and at pre-determined prices that could be above market rates in the future that could cause us and Asola to incur losses on the sale of products manufactured utilizing the solar cells. The spot trading prices for solar cell deliveries have decreased to levels that are currently below prices that we have secured for this applicable period under the long-term supply agreement. As a result, Asola demanded an adjustment to the stated pricing under the supply agreement in a fair and reasonable manner to account for the change in economic circumstances under a “loyalty clause” contained in the supply agreement. Asola’s demand and the subsequent negotiations were not successful and the matter is now in litigation in Germany. We cannot provide any assurance that the matter will be resolved in Asola’s favor. If the matter is resolved unfavorably to Asola and it is determined that a loss is probable on our remaining commitments to purchase the solar cells, we will be required to record a charge in the future for the difference between our remaining unconditional commitments and our estimated net realizable value and that charge could be material.

Other Risks Related to Our Business

Our credit agreement with our senior secured lender contains certain negative covenants that could restrict our ability to implement our business plan.

Pursuant to the terms of the credit agreement with our senior secured lender, we must first obtain the consent of our senior secured lender before entering into certain transactions or undertaking certain activities including, without limitation, incurring additional debt outside the ordinary course of business, acquiring the stock or assets of another business or entity, and selling or leasing our assets other than in the ordinary course of business. In connection with our acquisition of Schneider Power, our senior secured lender required us to pay a consent fee of $3.0 million which we satisfied by our delivery of a promissory note which is described in our financial statements as the Consent Fee Term Note. In the event that our business plan contemplates transactions or activities that are prohibited under the credit agreement and our senior secured lender is unwilling to give its consent, then we will either have to pay our senior secured lender a fee in order to get its consent or, alternatively, revise our business plan.

Past acquisitions and any future acquisitions, equity investments, joint ventures, strategic alliances or other similar transactions may not be successful.

We have consummated and may continue to consummate acquisitions, equity investments, joint ventures and strategic alliances in order to provide increased capabilities to our existing products, supply new products and services or enhance our distribution channels. We expect to continue to make strategic acquisitions of and investments in other businesses that offer complementary products, services and technologies, augment our market segment coverage and geographic locations, or enhance our technological capabilities. We may also enter into strategic alliances or joint ventures to achieve these goals. If we fail to integrate acquired businesses successfully into our existing businesses, or incur unforeseen expenses in consummating future acquisitions or other investments, we could incur unanticipated expenses and losses.

Any transactions or relationships will be accompanied by the risks commonly encountered with those matters. Risks that could have a material adverse affect on our business, results of operations or financial condition include, without limitation:

 

   

the difficulty of assimilating the operations and personnel of acquired businesses;

 

   

the potential disruption of our ongoing business;

 

   

the distraction of management from our business;

 

   

the unexpected loss of customers of the acquired business;

 

   

the potential inability of management to maximize our financial and strategic position as a result of an acquisition or investment;

 

   

the potential for costs and delays in implementing, and the potential difficulty in maintaining, uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies, including the integration of different information systems;


   

the impairment of relationships with employees and customers as a result of any integration of new management personnel;

 

   

the risk of entering market segments in which we have no or limited direct prior experience and where competitors in such market segments have stronger market segment positions;

 

   

the risk that there could be deficiencies in the internal controls of any acquired company or investments that could result in a material weakness in our overall internal controls taken as a whole;

 

   

the potential loss of key employees of an acquired company;

 

   

the potential dilution of earnings through acquisitions and options granted to employees of acquired companies or businesses; and

 

   

the potential for shareholder lawsuits.


We currently face and will continue to face significant competition.

Our products face and will continue to face significant competition. New developments in technology may negatively affect the development or sale of some or all of our products or make our products uncompetitive or obsolete. Other companies, many of which have substantially greater resources, are currently engaged in the development of plug-in electric hybrid, hydrogen and electric hybrid propulsion products and technologies that are similar to, or may be competitive with, certain of our products and technologies.

Because the plug-in electric hybrid, fuel cell and hybrid propulsion technologies have the potential to replace existing power sources, competition for plug-in electric, fuel cell and hybrid products will come from current power technologies, from improvements to current power technologies and from new alternative power technologies. Increases in the market for alternative fueled vehicles may cause OEMs to find it advantageous to develop and produce their own hybrid propulsion or fuel management equipment rather than purchase the equipment from us. In addition, greater acceptance of plug-in electric hybrid, electric vehicles and alternative fuel engines or fuel cells may result in new competitors. Furthermore, there are competitors, including OEMs, working on developing other plug-in electric, fuel cell and hybrid vehicle technologies in our targeted markets. A large number of corporations, national laboratories and universities in the United States, Canada, Europe and Japan possess plug-in electric, fuel cell and hybrid vehicle technology and/or are actively engaged in the development and manufacture of plug-in electric, fuel cell and hybrid vehicles. Each of these competitors has the potential to capture market share in various markets, which would have a material adverse effect on our position in the industry and our business, results of operations and financial condition. Many of our competitors have greater financial, labor and other resources and a more diverse and developed customer base which give them significant competitive advantages.

We depend on our intellectual property, and our failure to protect that intellectual property could adversely affect our future growth and success.

Our failure to protect our existing intellectual property rights may result in the loss of exclusivity or the right to use our technologies. If we do not adequately ensure our freedom to use certain technology, we may have to pay others for rights to use their intellectual property, pay damages for infringement or misappropriation, and/or be enjoined from using such intellectual property.

We have not conducted formal evaluations to confirm that our technology and products do not or will not infringe upon the intellectual property rights of third parties. As a result, we cannot be certain that our technology and products do not or will not infringe upon the intellectual property rights of third parties. If infringement were to occur, our development, manufacturing, sales and distribution of such technology or products may be disrupted.

We rely on patent, trade secret, trademark and copyright law to protect our intellectual property. Our patent position is subject to complex factual and legal issues that may give rise to uncertainty as to the validity, scope and enforceability of a particular patent. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that any of the patents we have filed or other patents that third parties license to us will not be invalidated, circumvented, challenged, rendered unenforceable, or licensed to others or that any of our pending or future patent applications will be issued with the breadth of claim coverage we seek, if issued at all.

Effective patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protection may be unavailable, limited or not applied for in certain foreign countries. For instance, it may be difficult for us to enforce certain of our intellectual property rights against third parties who may have inappropriately acquired interests in our intellectual property rights by filing unauthorized trademark applications in foreign countries to register our marks because of their familiarity with our business in the United States.

Some of our proprietary intellectual property is not protected by any patent or patent application, and, despite our precautions, it may be possible for third parties to obtain and use such intellectual property without authorization. We have generally sought to protect such proprietary intellectual property in part by confidentiality agreements and, if applicable, inventors’ rights agreements with strategic partners and employees, although such agreements have not been put in place in every instance. We cannot guarantee that these agreements adequately protect our trade secrets and other intellectual property or proprietary rights. In addition, we cannot assure you that these agreements will not be breached, that we will have adequate remedies for any breach or that such persons or institutions will not assert rights to intellectual property arising out of these relationships. Furthermore, the steps we have taken and may take in the future may not prevent misappropriation of our solutions or technologies, particularly in respect of officers and employees who are no longer employed by us or in foreign countries where laws or law enforcement practices may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States.


Our failure to obtain or maintain the right to use certain intellectual property may negatively affect our business.

Our future success and competitive position depends in part upon our ability to obtain or maintain certain proprietary intellectual property used in our principal products. This may be achieved, in part, by prosecuting claims against others who we believe are infringing our rights and by defending claims of intellectual property infringement brought by others. While we are not currently engaged in any material intellectual property litigation, in the future we may commence lawsuits against others if we believe they have infringed our rights, or we may become subject to lawsuits alleging that we have infringed the intellectual property rights of others. For example, to the extent that we have previously incorporated third-party technology and/or know-how into certain products for which we do not have sufficient license rights, we could incur substantial litigation costs, be forced to pay substantial damages or royalties, or even be forced to cease sales in the event any owner of such technology or know-how were to challenge our subsequent sale of such products (and any progeny thereof). In addition, to the extent that we discover or have discovered third-party patents that may be applicable to products or processes in development, we may need to take steps to avoid claims of possible infringement, including obtaining non-infringement or invalidity opinions and, when necessary, re-designing or re-engineering products. However, we cannot assure you that these precautions will allow us to successfully avoid infringement claims. Our involvement in intellectual property litigation could result in significant expense to us, adversely affect the development of sales of the challenged product or intellectual property and divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, whether or not such litigation is resolved in our favor. In the event of an adverse outcome in any such litigation, we may, among other things, be required to:

 

   

pay substantial damages;

 

   

cease the development, manufacture, use, sale or importation of products that infringe upon other patented intellectual property;

 

   

expend significant resources to develop or acquire non-infringing intellectual property;

 

   

discontinue processes incorporating infringing technology; or

 

   

obtain licenses to the infringing intellectual property.

We cannot assure you that we would be successful in any such development or acquisition or that any such licenses would be available upon reasonable terms, if at all. Any such development, acquisition or license could require the expenditure of substantial time and other resources and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our business could suffer if we fail to attract and maintain key personnel.

Our future depends, in part, on our ability to attract and retain key personnel, including engineers, technicians, machinists and management personnel. For example, our research and development efforts depend on hiring and retaining qualified engineers. Competition for highly skilled engineers is extremely intense, and we may experience difficulty in identifying and hiring qualified engineers in many areas of our business. Our future also depends on the continued contributions of our executive officers and other key management and technical personnel, each of whom would be difficult to replace. We do not maintain a key person life insurance policy on our chairman of the board, our chief executive officer, or our chief financial officer. The loss of the services of one or more of our senior executive officers or key personnel, or the inability to continue to attract qualified personnel, could delay product development cycles or otherwise materially harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our insurance may not be sufficient.

We carry insurance that we consider adequate in regard to the nature of the covered risks and the costs of coverage. We are not fully insured against all possible risks, nor are all such risks insurable.

Changes in environmental policies could hurt the market for our products and our renewable energy projects.

The market for plug-in electric hybrid, fuel cell, hybrid and other forms of alternative fuel vehicles and equipment and the demand for our products are driven, to a significant degree, by local, state and federal regulations that relate to air quality, greenhouse gases and pollutants, and that require the purchase of motor vehicles and


equipment operating on alternative fuels or fuel cells. Similarly, foreign governmental regulations also affect our international business. These laws and regulations may change, which could result in transportation or equipment manufacturers abandoning or delaying their interest in alternative fuel and fuel cell powered vehicles or equipment. In addition, a failure by authorities to enforce current domestic and foreign laws or to adopt additional environmental laws could limit the demand for our products.

Although many governments have identified as a significant priority the development of alternative energy sources, and fuel cells in particular, we cannot assure you that governments will not change their priorities or that any change they make would not materially affect our revenue or the development of our products.

Our renewable energy projects are also subject to a number of environmental laws, rules and policies related to noise, air, water, wildlife and other aspects of the environment and the surrounding habitat which must be adhered to in order to obtain the permits necessary to develop, construct and operate the projects. Any change in such laws, rules and policies could result in significant cost-overruns and delays or termination of such projects.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results, and current and potential stockholders may lose confidence in our financial reporting.

We are required by the Securities and Exchange Commission to establish and maintain adequate internal control over financial reporting that provides reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. We are likewise required, on a quarterly basis, to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal controls and to disclose any changes and material weaknesses in those internal controls.

In our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2009, we reported that we had a material weakness over the accounting for and disclosure of derivatives associated with debt and warrant instruments because we lacked the technical expertise and did not maintain adequate procedures to ensure that the accounting for derivative financial instruments was appropriate under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Procedures related to identifying derivative instruments and disclosing derivative instruments at April 30, 2009 did not operate properly and this material weakness resulted in a restatement of our prior financial statements. Since April 30, 2009, we developed and implemented a remediation plan to address the identified material weakness as follows: (i) we increased our technical expertise of GAAP associated with accounting for derivative instruments and (ii) we enhanced internal procedures to better identify derivative financial instruments.

Although we believe that these efforts have strengthened our internal control over financial reporting and address the concern that gave rise to the material weakness as of April 30, 2009, we cannot be certain that our expanded knowledge and revised internal control practices will ensure that we maintain adequate internal control over our financial reporting in future periods. Any failure to maintain such internal controls could adversely impact our ability to report our financial results on a timely and accurate basis. If our financial statements are not accurate, investors may not have a complete understanding of our operations. Likewise, if our financial statements are not filed on a timely basis as required by the Securities and Exchange Commission and The Nasdaq Global Market, we could face severe consequences from those authorities. In either case, there could result a material adverse affect on our business. Inferior internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock.

Provisions of Delaware law and of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws may make a takeover or change in control more difficult.

Provisions in our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, and of Delaware corporate law, may make it difficult and expensive for a third party to pursue a tender offer, change in control or takeover attempt that our management and board of directors oppose. Public stockholders that might desire to participate in one of these transactions may not have an opportunity to do so. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws provide for the following:

 

   

a staggered board of directors, which makes it difficult for stockholders to change the composition of the board of directors in any one year;

 

   

the exclusive right of the board of directors to change the number of directors and fill vacancies on the board of directors, which could make it more difficult for a third party to obtain control of the board of directors;


   

authorizing the issuance of preferred stock which can be created and issued by the board of directors without prior stockholder approval, commonly referred to as “blank check” preferred stock, with rights senior to those of our common stock, which could make it more difficult or expensive for a third party to obtain voting control of us;

 

   

advance notice requirements for director nominations or other proposals at stockholder meetings;

 

   

prohibiting stockholder action by written consent, which could delay a third party from pursuing an acquisition; and

 

   

requiring the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of our outstanding voting stock to amend certain provisions in our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, and requiring the affirmative vote of 80% of our outstanding voting stock to amend certain other provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, which could make it more difficult for a third party to remove the provisions we have included to prevent or delay a change of control.

These anti-takeover provisions could substantially impede the ability of public stockholders to benefit from a change in control or to change our management and the board of directors.