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EX-32.2 - EXHIBIT 32.2 - Deyu Agriculture Corp.v229668_ex32-2.htm
EX-32.1 - EXHIBIT 32.1 - Deyu Agriculture Corp.v229668_ex32-1.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - Deyu Agriculture Corp.v229668_ex31-1.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - Deyu Agriculture Corp.v229668_ex31-2.htm

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington D.C. 20549
  
   FORM 10-Q
  

 
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2011
 
or

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______to______.
 
 
DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP.
 
 
 (Exact name of registrant as specified in its
charter)
 
 
Nevada
 
333-160476
 
80-0329825
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(Commission File No.)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification
No.)
 
Tower A, Century Centre, Room 808, 8 North Star Road, Beijing, PRC
(Address of principal executive offices)
(626) 242-5292

 86-13828824414
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).Yes o No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company filer.  See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
 
Large Accelerated Filer   o         Accelerated Filer   o         Non-Accelerated Filer   o         Smaller Reporting Company   x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Yes o No x

As of August 11, 2011, there were 10,544,774 shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock.

 
 

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP.

FORM 10-Q

JUNE 30, 2011

INDEX
 
PART I
     
ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
     
ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  OF FINANCIAL CONDITIONAND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
4
     
ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
18
     
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
18
     
PART II
     
ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
19
     
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
19
     
ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
19
     
ITEM 3.
DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
19
     
ITEM 4.
(REMOVED AND RESERVED)
19
     
ITEM 5.
OTHER INFORMATION
19
     
ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
19
     
SIGNATURES
23

 
- 2 -

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
June 30, 2011

Consolidated Financial Statements:
 
   
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
F-1
   
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
F-2
   
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
F-3
   
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
F-4
 
- 3 -

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
   
June 30,
2011
   
December 31,
2010
 
   
(Unaudited)
   
(Audited)
 
Assets
           
Current Assets
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 9,434,993     $ 6,281,304  
Restricted cash
    10,189,526       -  
Accounts receivable, net
    26,688,021       11,166,452  
Inventory
    44,802,285       18,359,505  
Advance to supplier
    8,018,557       3,596,991  
Prepaid expenses
    3,208,469       2,219,332  
Other current assets
    1,326,701       849,593  
Total Current Assets
    103,668,552       42,473,177  
                 
Property, plant, and equipment, net
    11,736,781       4,626,004  
Construction-in-progress
    76,274       7,224,504  
Goodwill
    1,074,359       1,052,139  
Other assets
    10,393,960       10,553,328  
Intangible assets, net
    3,276,089       -  
                 
Total Assets
  $ 130,226,015     $ 65,929,152  
                 
Liabilities and Equity
               
                 
Current Liabilities
               
Short-term loans
  $ 12,743,406     $ 2,631,364  
Accounts payable
    3,487,477       540,956  
Notes payable
    26,567,649       -  
Advance from customers
    7,747,111       6,484,589  
Accrued expenses
    614,632       1,619,186  
Preferred stock dividends payable
    214,862       238,620  
Due to related parties
    21,226,889       8,030,303  
Other current liabilities
    3,627,327       2,943,681  
Total Current Liabilities
    76,229,353       22,488,699  
                 
Equity
               
Series A convertible preferred stock, $.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares
               
authorized,  1,931,088 and 2,106,088 shares outstanding, respectively
    1,931       2,106  
Common stock, $.001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized,
               
10,544,774 and 10,394,774 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
    10,545       10,350  
Additional paid-in capital
    19,966,266       18,770,230  
Other comprehensive income
    3,136,086       2,272,633  
Retained earnings
    28,834,173       22,385,134  
Total Stockholders' Equity
    51,949,001       43,440,453  
Noncontrolling Interest
    2,047,661       -  
Total Equity
    53,996,662       43,440,453  
                 
Total Liabilities and Equity
  $ 130,226,015     $ 65,929,152  
 
F-1

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(UNAUDITED)

   
For The Three Months
   
For The Six Months
 
   
Ended June 30,
   
Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
                         
Net revenue
  $ 52,039,275     $ 18,468,570     $ 93,471,536     $ 32,915,852  
                                 
Cost of goods sold
    (43,138,497 )     (13,722,057 )     (76,217,423 )     (24,658,176 )
                                 
Gross Profit
    8,900,778       4,746,513       17,254,113       8,257,676  
                                 
Selling expenses
    (3,291,798 )     (975,947 )     (7,295,052 )     (1,597,661 )
General and administrative expenses
    (2,260,318 )     (709,288 )     (4,546,913 )     (971,199 )
Total Operating Expense
    (6,182,115 )     (1,685,235 )     (11,841,965 )     (2,568,860 )
                                 
Operating income
    2,718,663       3,061,278       5,412,148       5,688,816  
                                 
Interest income
    (6,221     2,553       194       3,465  
Interest expense
    (137,446 )     (91,054 )     (211,824 )     (152,591 )
Non-operating income
    (40,231 )     -       4,746       -  
Total Other Expense
    (183,898 )     (88,501 )     (206,884 )     (149,126 )
                                 
Income before income taxes
    2,534,765       2,972,777       5,205,264       5,539,690  
Income tax benefit (expense)
    (138,042     -       488,208       -  
Net income
    2,396,723       2,972,777       5,693,472       5,539,690  
Add: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
    841,530       -       985,713       -  
Net income attributable to Deyu Agriculture Corp.
    3,238,253       2,972,777       6,679,185       5,539,690  
Preferred stock dividends
    (132,459 )     (96,051     (230,146 )     (96,051
Net income available to common stockholders
    3,105,794       2,876,726       6,449,039       5,443,639  
Foreign currency translation gain
    598,679       289,591       969,839       290,171  
Comprehensive income
    3,704,473       3,166,317       7,418,878       5,733,810  
Less: Other comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest
    (36,741 )     -       (44,071 )     -  
Comprehensive income attributable to Deyu Agriculture Corp.
  $ 3,667,732     $ 3,166,317     $ 7,374,807     $ 5,733,810  
                                 
Net income per common share - basic
  $ 0.30     $ 0.35     $ 0.61     $ 0.82  
                                 
Net income per common share - diluted
  $ 0.26     $ 0.29     $ 0.54     $ 0.74  
                                 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic
    10,527,356       8,551,428       10,498,724       6,750,718  
                                 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted
    12,465,313       10,106,763       12,460,613       7,532,682  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-2

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)

   
For The Six Months Ended
 
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
           
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 6,449,039     $ 5,443,639  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation & amortization
    461,822       191,086  
Share-based compensation
    275,163       -  
Preferred stock dividends accrued
    212,420       96,051  
Common stocks issued for services
    42,779       -  
Reserve for inventory valuation
    24,212       -  
Deferred income tax benefit
    (488,246 )     -  
Noncontrolling interest
    (985,713 )     -  
Reserve for sales discount
    -       389,773  
Decrease (increase) in current assets:
               
Accounts receivable
    (15,112,032 )     (2,800,806 )
Inventories
    (25,765,634     (4,146,551 )
Advance to suppliers
    (4,296,216 )     -  
Prepaid expense and other current assets
    (1,549,531     (2,228,742 )
Other assets
    35,947       -  
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
    2,901,740       1,521,121  
Advance from customers
    1,112,785       -  
Accrued expense and other liabilities
    (512,343     190,287  
Net cash used in operating activities
    (37,193,808 )     (1,344,142 )
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
               
Construction and remodeling of factory and warehouses
    (708,119 )     (1,035,884
Purchase of machinery and equipment
    (1,726,584 )     (1,414,526 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (2,434,703 )     (2,450,411 )
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
               
Net proceeds from short-term bank acceptance notes
    26,265,716       -  
Net proceeds of short-term loans from related parties
    12,878,950       -  
Net proceeds from short-term loans from bank and others
    10,054,688       2,007,954  
Proceeds from capital contributions
    3,823,916       8,771,963  
Cash restricted for credit line of bank acceptance notes
    (10,073,725     -  
Payment of preferred dividends
    (240,890     -  
Net repayments from short-term loans from related parties
    12,878,950       (39,296
Net cash provided by financing activities
    42,708,655       10,740,623  
                 
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGE ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
    73,545       64,128  
                 
NET INCREASE IN CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS
    3,153,689       7,010,195  
CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING BALANCE
    6,281,304       2,562,501  
CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS, ENDING BALANCE
  $ 9,434,993     $ 9,572,696  
                 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:
               
Income tax paid
  $ 31     $ -  
Interest paid
  $ 197,883     $ 152,591  
NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Construction completed and transferred to property, plant, and equipment
  $ 5,618,908     $ -  
Construction completed and transferred to land use rights
  $ 2,294,350     $ -  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-3

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
NOTE 1.
NATURE OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT PREPARATION

Deyu Agriculture Corp. (the “Company”), formerly known as Eco Building International, Inc., was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on December 23, 2008.  We completed the acquisition of City Zone Holdings Limited (“City Zone”), an agricultural products distributor in the Shanxi Province of the Peoples Republic of China (the “PRC”) engaged in procuring, processing, marketing, and distributing various grain and corn products, by means of a share exchange, effective April 27, 2010 (the “Share Exchange”).  As a result of the Share Exchange, City Zone became our wholly-owned subsidiary.  We currently conduct our business primarily through the operating PRC subsidiaries, including Jinzhong Deyu Agriculture Trading Co., Ltd. (“Jinzhong Deyu”), Jinzhong Yuliang Agriculture Trading Co., Ltd. (“Jinzhong Yuliang”), Jinzhong Yongcheng Agriculture Trading Co., Ltd. (“Jinzhong Yongcheng”), and Betian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“Detian Yu”) and its subsidiaries and variable interest entities.

On May 11, 2010, our Board of Directors adopted a resolution to change our name to "Deyu Agriculture Corp."  FINRA declared the name change effective on June 2, 2010.

Reverse Acquisition

On April 27, 2010, we entered into the Share Exchange by entering into a share exchange agreement pursuant to which we issued 8,736,932 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, to Expert Venture Limited (“Expert Venture”), a company organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands, and the other shareholders of City Zone (the “City Zone Shareholders”).  As a result of the Share Exchange, City Zone became our wholly-owned subsidiary and City Zone Shareholders acquired a majority of our issued and outstanding common stock.  Concurrent with the Share Exchange, Mr. Jianming Hao (“Mr. Hao”), the managing director of City Zone and all of its operating subsidiaries, was appointed our Chief Executive Officer.

As a result, the Share Exchange has been accounted for as a reverse acquisition using the purchase method of accounting, whereby City Zone is deemed to be the accounting acquirer (legal acquiree) and we are deemed the  accounting acquiree (legal acquirer).  The financial statements before the date of the Share Exchange are those of City Zone with our results being consolidated from the date of the Share exchange.  The equity section and earnings per share have been retroactively restated to reflect the reverse acquisition and no goodwill has been recorded.

City Zone was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands on July 27, 2009 under the BVI Business Companies Act of 2004.  In November 2009, pursuant to a restructuring plan set out below, City Zone has become the holding company of a group of companies comprised of Most Smart, Shenzhen Redsun, Shenzhen JiRuHai, Beijing Detian Yu, Jinzhong Deyu, Jinzhong Yongcheng and Jinzhong Yuliang.

Restructuring

In November 2009, pursuant to a restructuring plan (“Restructuring”) intended to ensure compliance with the PRC rules and regulations, City Zone, through a series of acquisitions and wholly-owned subsidiaries, acquired 100% of the equity interests of Jinzhong Deyu, Jinzheng Yuliang and Jinzhong Yongcheng.  The former shareholders and key management of Jinzhong Deyu, Jinzhong Yongcheng and Jinzhong Yuliang became the ultimate controlling parties and key management of City Zone.  This restructuring has been accounted for as a recapitalization of Jinzhong Deyu, Jinzhong Yongcheng and Jinzhong Yuliang with no adjustment to the historical basis of the assets and liabilities of these companies, while the historical financial positions and results of operations are consolidated as if the restructuring occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.  For the purpose of consistent and comparable presentation, the consolidated financial statements have been prepared as if City Zone had been in existence since the beginning of the earliest and throughout the whole periods covered by these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-4

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Variable Interest Entities

On November 16, 2010, Detian Yu entered into a series of contractual arrangements (the “Contractual Arrangements”) with each of Beijing Jundaqianyuan Investment Management Co., Ltd. (“Junda”), Jinzhong Longyue Investment Consultancy Services Co., Ltd. (“Longyue”) and their shareholders, pursuant to which Detian Yu effectively took over the management of the business activities of Junda and Longyue.

Junda is a limited liability company incorporated in the PRC on June 13, 2010 with registered capital of $14,637 (RMB 100,000) by Mr. Hao and Wenjun Tian, President and Executive Director of the Company.  As of December 31, 2010, Junda’s equity interest was 100% held by several executives and managers of the Company, including (a) Mr. Hao, owning 33% of Junda, (b) Wenjun Tian, owning 34% of Junda, (c) Jianbin Zhou, the Chief Operating Officer of the Company, owning 10% of Junda, (d) Li Ren, Vice President of Branding and Marketing of the Company, owning 5% of Junda, (e) Yongqing Ren, Vice President of the Corn Division of the Company, owning 3% of Junda and (f) Junde Zhang, Vice President of the Grains Division of the Company, owning 3% of Junda.  As a result, the execution of the contractual arrangements with Junda is considered a related party transaction.

The contractual arrangements are comprised of a series of agreements with a term of ten (10) years, including:

 
·
Exclusive Management and Consulting Service Agreements, through which Detian Yu shall provide to each of Junda and Longyue management consulting services in relation to the business of Junda and Longyue in exchange for 35% of the net income after taxes of Junda and Longyue every fiscal year.

 
·
Business Cooperation Agreements, through which Detian Yu shall provide business cooperation opportunities and services including clients, cooperation partners and market information in the fields of grain processing, sales and financing to each of Junda and Longyue in exchange for cooperation fees and commissions from each of Junda and Longyue equal to 65% of the net income after tax of each of Junda and Longyue in every fiscal year.

 
·
Business Operations Agreements, through which Detian Yu has exclusive authority of all decision-making of ongoing operations, including establishing compensation levels and hiring and firing of key personnel.  In order to ensure normal operations of Junda and Longyue, Detian Yu agrees to act as the guarantor and provide guarantee on the performance of the obligations of Junda and Longyue under all contracts executed by Junda and Longyue.

 
·
Share Pledge Agreements, through which the shareholders of Junda and Longyue have agreed to pledge all of their respective equity interests in Junda or Longyue (as the case may be) as security for the performance of all of the obligations or debts under the Exclusive Management and Consulting Service Agreements and Business Cooperation Agreements assumed by Junda and Longyue, and under a counter-guarantee to all the payments made by Detian Yu for the performance of the guarantees assumed by Detian Yu under the Business Operation Agreements.

 
·
Powers of Attorney, signed by each of the shareholders of Junda and Longyue, authorizing designees appointed by Detian Yu to exercise all of their respective voting rights as shareholders.

 
F-5

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

 
·
Equity Acquisition Option Agreements, through which the shareholders of Junda and Longyue granted Detian Yu an irrevocable and unconditional right to purchase, or caused a designated party of Detian Yu to purchase, part or all of the equity interests in Junda and Longyue from such shareholders, when and to the extent that applicable PRC laws permit.  The consideration for the equity acquisition option for Junda was RMB 80,000,000 and the consideration for the equity option for Longyue was RMB 120,000,000.
 
On February 21, 2011, Deyufarm received capital injection of $3,800,505 (RMB 24,971,218) from SBCVC Fund III Company Limited ("SBCVC"), a company organized under the laws of Hong Kong, in exchange for 35.69% of Deyufarm's equity interest pursuant to the two Investment and Relevant Issues Agreements entered into by each of Junda and Longyue with Deyufarm and SBCVC on September 15, 2010. According to the Investment and Relevant Issues Agreements, SBCVC shall invest an equivalent of RMB 25,000,000 of US dollars to Deyufarm. Before or in the meantime that SBCVC completes such investment to Deyufarm, Longyue shall have invested RMB 35,000,000 to Deyufarm through a capital increase and obtained the relevant capital verification report. Any time within 2 years after completing an investment to Deyufarm, SBCVC has the right to require Deyufarm to repurchase in advance, or Junda or Longyue to purchase part of or all the equity interests of Deyufarm owned by SBCVC. The board of directors of Deyufarm shall be comprised of 3 directors, and Junda, Longyue and SBCVC shall each nominate one director. The board of directors shall nominate a financial administrator agreed to by SBCVC. Forty-eight (48) months after SBCVC completes its investment in Deyufarm, the parties shall consummate a qualified IPO of Deyufarm.

On February 25, 2011, Deyufarm received an additional capital injection of $4,495 (RMB 28,782) from SBCVC for 0.02% of Deyufarm's equity interest.

After the above two capital injections, SBCVC, Junda and Longyue currently own 35.71%, 14.29% and 50% of the equity interests in Deyufarm, respectively.  The total registered capital of Deyufarm increased from $6,688,635 (RMB 5,000,000) to $10,493,516 (RMB 70,000,000). SBCVC’s 35.71% equity interest in Deyufarm constitutes “nncontrolling interest” under FASB ASC Topic 810. Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest was $841,530 for the three months ended June 30, 2011, and $985,713 for the six months ended June 30, 2011.  As of June 30, 2011, the equity balance of noncontrolling interest was $2,047,661.

Details of our subsidiaries and variable interest entities subject to consolidation are as follows:
 
Name of Subsidiary
 
Domicile and
Date of
Incorporation
 
Registered
Capital
   
Percentage
of
Ownership
 
Principal Activities
City Zone Holdings Limited (“City Zone”)
 
British Virgin Islands, July 27, 2009
  $ 20,283,581       100 %
Holding company of Most Smart
                       
Most Smart International Limited (“Most Smart”)
 
Hong Kong, March 11, 2009
  $ 1       100 %
Holding company of Shenzhen Redsun
                       
Redsun Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (“Shenzhen Redsun”)
 
The PRC, August 20, 2009
  $ 30,000       100 %
Holding company of Shenzhen JiRuHai
                       
Shenzhen JiRuHai Technology Co., Ltd. (“Shenzhen JiRuHai”)
 
The PRC, August 20, 2009
  $ 14,638       100 %
Holding company of Beijing Detian Yu
                       
Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“Detian Yu”)
 
The PRC, November 30, 2006
  $ 7,637,723       100 %
Wholesale distribution of simple-processed and deep-processed packaged food products and staple food.  Holding company of the following first six entities.
                       
Jinzhong Deyu Agriculture Trading Co., Ltd. (“Jinzhong Deyu”)
 
The PRC, April 22, 2004
  $ 1,492,622       100 %
Organic grains preliminary processing and wholesale distribution.
                       
Jinzhong Yongcheng Agriculture Trading Co., Ltd. (“Jinzhong Yongcheng”)
 
The PRC, May 30, 2006
  $ 288,334       100 %
Corns preliminary processing and wholesale distribution.
                       
Jinzhong Yuliang Agriculture Trading Co., Ltd. (“Jinzhong Yuliang”)
 
The PRC, March 17, 2008
  $ 281,650       100 %
Corns preliminary processing and wholesale distribution.
                       
Tianjin Detian Yu Food Co., Ltd. (“Tianjin Detian Yu”)
 
The PRC, June 21, 2011
  $ 1,544,497       100 %
Wholesale distribution of simple-processed and deep-processed packaged food products and staple food. 
                       
Beijing Jundaqianyuan Investment Management Co., Ltd. (“Junda”)
 
The PRC, June 13, 2010
  $ 14,637    
Variable interest
 
Shareholding of Deyufarm (14.29%)
                       
Jinzhong Longyue Investment Consultancy Services Co., Ltd. (“Longyue”)
 
The PRC, June 2, 2010
  $ 4,393    
Variable interest
 
Shareholding of Deyufarm (50%)
                       
Deyufarm Innovation Food (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“Deyufarm”)
 
The PRC, June 13, 2010
  $ 10,493,516    
Variable interest
 
Wholesale distribution of packaged food products and instant millet beverage.  Holding company of the following two companies.
                       
Sichuan HaoLiangXin Instant Food Co., Ltd. (“HaoLiangXin”)
 
The PRC, April 25, 2008
  $ 1,202,460    
Variable interest
 
Manufacturing and wholesale distribution of instant grain vermicelli and buckwheat tea products.
                       
Beijing Xinggu Deyufarm Food Co., Ltd. (“Xinggu Deyufarm”)
 
The PRC, November 25, 2010
  $ 1,515,152    
Variable interest
 
Manufacturing of instant grain vermicelli products.

 
F-6

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE 2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The unaudited consolidated financial statements of Deyu Agriculture Corp. and subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q.  Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for annual financial statements.  However, the information included in these interim financial statements reflects all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the consolidated financial position and the consolidated results of operations.  Results shown for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for a full year. The consolidated balance sheet information as of December 31, 2010 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.  These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with that report.  Certain comparative amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period's presentation.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Deyu Agriculture Corp. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and joint ventures. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 
F-7

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Basis of presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Deyu Agriculture Corp., its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and those variable interest entities where the Company is the primary beneficiary.  All significant intercompany account balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  Results of operations of companies purchased are included from the dates of acquisition.

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  The Company’s function currency is the Chinese Yuan, or Renminbi (“RMB”); however, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been translated and presented in United States Dollars (“USD”).

On April 27, 2010, as a result of the consummation of the Share Exchange, we changed our fiscal year end from May 31 to December 31 to conform to the fiscal year end of City Zone.

Use of estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted  accounting  principles requires management to make estimates and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date  of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Management makes its estimates based on historical experience and various other assumptions and information that are available and believed to be reasonable at the time the estimates are made.  Therefore, actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, cash in bank and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
 
As of June 30, 2011, $4,641,448 of cash was restricted as a pledge for $15,471,494 (RMB 100,000,000) of notes payable obtained from Jinzhong City Commercial Bank at ZhongDu branch in April 2011, $2,970,527 of cash was restricted as a pledge for $5,941,053 (RMB 38,400,000) of notes payable obtained from Jinzhong City Commercial Bank at Dongshun branch in April 2011, and $2,577,551 of cash was restricted as a pledge for $5,155,102 (RMB 33,320,000) of notes payable obtained from Jinzhong City Commercial Bank at Dongshun branch in May 2011.

Accounts receivable
 
Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value consisting of the carrying amount less allowance for doubtful accounts, as needed.  We assess the collectability of accounts receivable based primarily upon the creditworthiness of the customer as determined by credit checks and analysis, as well as the customer’s payment history.  Management reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends, and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the adequacy of these reserves.  As of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, there were no customers with accounts receivable greater than six months past due.

Inventories
 
The Company's inventories are stated at lower of cost or market.  Cost is determined on moving-average basis.  Costs of inventories include purchase and related costs incurred in delivering the products to their present location and condition.  Market value is determined by reference to selling prices after the balance sheet date or to management’s estimates based on prevailing market conditions.  Management periodically evaluates the composition of its inventories at least quarterly to identify slow-moving and obsolete inventories to determine if valuation allowance is required.  As of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, management had identified no material slow-moving or obsolete inventory.

 
F-8

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Property, plant, and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to earnings as incurred; additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized.  When property, plant and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is included in operations.

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

 
Useful Life
(in years)
Automobiles
5
Buildings
30
Office equipment
5-6
Machinery and equipment
10
Furniture & fixtures
5-6
Leasehold Improvement
3

Construction-in-progress

Construction-in-progress consists of amounts expended for warehouse construction.  Construction-in-progress is not depreciated until such time as the assets are completed and put into service.  Once warehouse construction is completed, the cost accumulated in construction-in-progress is transferred to property, plant, and equipment.

Long-lived assets

The Company applies the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 360 (ASC 360), "Property, Plant, and Equipment" which addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets.  The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and used in accordance with ASC 360, at least on an annual basis.  ASC 360 requires the impairment losses to be recorded on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets' carrying amounts.  In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived assets.  Loss on long-lived assets to be disposed of is determined in a similar manner, except that fair market values are reduced for the cost of disposal.

Goodwill and intangible assets

Goodwill is calculated as the purchase premium after adjusting for the fair value of net assets acquired.  Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for potential impairment on an annual basis, or when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment, at the reporting unit level.  A reporting unit, as defined under applicable accounting guidance, is a business segment or one level below a business segment.  Under applicable accounting guidance, the goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test.  The first step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill.  If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step must be performed to measure potential impairment.

 
F-9

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The second step involves calculating an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting unit for which the first step indicated possible impairment.  The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination, which is the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit, as determined in the first step, over the aggregate fair values of the assets, liabilities and identifiable intangibles as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination.  Measurement of the fair values of the assets and liabilities of a reporting unit is consistent with the requirements of the fair value measurements accounting guidance, which defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  The adjustments to measure the assets, liabilities, and intangibles at fair value are for the purpose of measuring the implied fair value of goodwill and such adjustments are not reflected in the consolidation balance sheet.  If the implied fair value of goodwill exceeds the goodwill assigned to the reporting unit, there is no impairment.  If the goodwill assigned to a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess.  An impairment loss recognized cannot exceed the amount of goodwill assigned to a reporting unit.  An impairment loss establishes a new basis in the goodwill and subsequent reversals of goodwill impairment losses are not permitted under applicable accounting guidance.  In 2010, goodwill was tested for impairment and it was determined that goodwill was not impaired as of December 31, 2010.  No indication of impairment was noted by management as of June 30, 2011.

For intangible assets subject to amortization, an impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of the intangible asset is not recoverable and exceeds fair value.  The carrying amount of the intangible asset is considered not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset.

Fair value measurements

FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements” (formerly SFAS No. 157) defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price and maximize the use of observable units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price.  It establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value.  This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available.  Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company.  Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.  The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:

 
·
Level 1 – Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.  Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.

 
·
Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

 
F-10

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

 
·
Level 3 – Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data.  The fair value for such assets and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

This guidance applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements.  On February 12, 2008, the FASB finalized FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (ASC 820).  This Staff Position delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 (ASC 820) for nonfinancial assets and liabilities to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 and interim periods within those fiscal years, except for those items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually).  The adoption of SFAS No. 157 (ASC 820) had no effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

We also analyze all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC 480-10 (formerly SFAS 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity”) and ASC 815-40 (formerly EITF 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock”).  We have determined ASC 480-10 (formerly SFAS 150) and ASC 815-40 (formerly EITF 00-19) has no material effect on our financial position or results of operations.

Revenue recognition

The Company’s revenue recognition policies are in compliance with the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (“SAB 104”).  The Company recognizes product revenue when the following fundamental criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred, (iii) our price to the customer is fixed or determinable and (iv) collection of the resulting accounts receivable is reasonably assured.  The Company recognizes revenue for product sales upon transfer of title to the customer.  Customer purchase orders and/or contracts are generally used to determine the existence of an arrangement.  Shipping documents and the completion of any customer acceptance requirements, when applicable, are used to verify product delivery or that services have been rendered.  The Company assesses whether a price is fixed or determinable based upon the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment.

The Company’s revenue is recognized net of value-added tax (VAT), reductions to revenue for estimated product returns, and sales discounts based on volume achieved in the same period that the related revenue is recorded.  The estimates are based on historical sales returns, analysis of credit memo data, and other factors known at the time.  Commencing from year 2010, the Company’s general policy is to terminate the offering of sales discounts to customers.  However, the Company may offer sales discounts as incentive for early payments from customers, although those should be infrequent.  For the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, sales discounts were $58,912 and $392,000, respectively.

We offer a right of exchange on our grain products sold through our relationship with grocery store networks.  The consumer who purchases the product may exchange it for the same kind and quantity of product originally purchased.  In accordance with FASB ASC 605-15-25-1 and 605-15-15-2, these are not considered returns for revenue recognition purposes.  For the year ended December 31, 2010, the returns of our product were not material.

 
F-11

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Advertising costs

The Company expenses the cost of advertising as incurred or, as appropriate, the first time the advertising takes place.  Advertising costs for the six months ended June 30, 2011 were $1,492,256.  Advertising costs for the six months ended June 30, 2010 were not material.

Research and development

The Company expenses its research and development costs as incurred.  No material research and development costs were recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.

Stock-based compensation

In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standard Board, or the FASB, issued the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment”, which replaces SFAS No. 123 and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25.  SFAS No. 123(R) is now included in the FASB’s ASC Topic 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.”  Under SFAS No. 123(R), companies are required to measure the compensation costs of share-based compensation arrangements based on the grant-date fair value and recognize the costs in the financial statements over the period during which employees or independent contractors are required to provide services.  Share-based compensation arrangements include stock options and warrants, restricted share plans, performance-based awards, share appreciation rights and employee share purchase plans.  In March 2005, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, or SAB 107, which expresses views of the staff regarding the interaction between SFAS No. 123(R) and certain SEC rules and regulations and provides the staff’s views regarding the valuation of share-based payment arrangements for public companies.  SFAS No. 123(R) permits public companies to adopt its requirements using one of two methods.  On April 14, 2005, the SEC adopted a new rule amending the compliance dates for SFAS No. 123(R).  Companies may elect to apply this statement either prospectively, or on a modified version of retrospective application under which financial statements for prior periods are adjusted on a basis consistent with the pro forma disclosures required for those periods under SFAS No. 123.

The Company has fully adopted the provisions of FASB ASC 718 and related interpretations as provided by SAB 107.  As such, compensation cost is measured on the date of grant as the fair value of the share-based payments.  Such compensation amounts, if any, are amortized over the respective vesting periods of the option grant.

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes.”  ASC 740 requires a company to use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences.  Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases.  Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion, or all of, the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.
 
Under ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur.  The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination.  For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded.  The adoption had no effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 
F-12

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Foreign currency translation and comprehensive income

U.S. GAAP requires that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income.  Certain statements, however, require entities to report specific changes in assets and liabilities, such as gain or loss on foreign currency translation, as a separate component of the equity section of the balance sheet.  Such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income.  The functional currency of the Company is RMB.  The unit of RMB is in Yuan.  Translation gains are classified as an item of other comprehensive income in the stockholders’ equity section of the consolidated balance sheet.

Statement of cash flows

In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 230, “Statement of Cash Flows,” cash flows from the Company’s operations are calculated based upon the local currencies.  As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the consolidated statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the consolidated balance sheets.

Reclassifications

Certain classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.  The reclassifications have no impact on the Company’s 2010 consolidated statement of operations and retained earnings.

Recent pronouncements

In January 2010, FASB issued an amendment regarding improving disclosures about fair value measurements.  This new guidance requires some new disclosures and clarifies some existing disclosure requirements about fair value measurement.  The new disclosures and clarifications of existing disclosures are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements in the roll forward of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements.  Those disclosures are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010 and for interim periods within those fiscal years.  There was no impact from the adoption of this guidance to our consolidated financial position or results of operations as the amendment only addresses disclosures.

In April 2010, FASB issued an amendment to Stock Compensation.  The amendment clarifies that an employee stock-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in the currency of a market in which a substantial portion of the entity’s equity shares trades should not be considered to contain a condition that is not a market, performance, or service condition.  Therefore, an entity would not classify such an award as a liability if it otherwise qualifies as equity.  The amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2010.  The adoption of this guidance had no impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations since our stock-based payment awards have an exercise price denominated in the same currency of the market in which our Company shares are traded.

In May 2011, FASB issued an amendment (ASU No. 2011-04) to Fair Value Measurement (ASC Topic 820).  In 2006, the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) published a Memorandum of Understanding, which has served as the foundation of the Board’s efforts to a common set of high quality global accounting standards.  Consistent with the Memorandum of Understanding and the Board’s commitment to achieving the goal, the amendments in this Update are the result of the work by the FASB and the IASB to develop common requirements for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements in accordance with U.S. GAAP and IFRS.  The adoption of this guidance had no impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations

In May 2011, FASB issued an amendment (ASU No. 2011-05) to Comprehensive Income (ASC Topic 220).  The amendment require that all nonowner changes in stockholders’ equity be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements.  In the two-statement approach, the first statement should present total net income and its components followed consecutively by a second statement that should present total other comprehensive income, the components of other comprehensive income, and the total of comprehensive income.  The Company had adopted this guidance to our consolidated financial statements as of and for the period ended June 30, 2011.

 
F-13

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE 3.
CONSOLIDATION OF VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Effective November 16, 2010, the Company included in its consolidated financial statements, the net assets of Junda and Longyue, and their majority-owned and wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Deyufarm, HaoLiangXin and Xinggu Deyufarm, pursuant to the rights and obligations conveyed by the variable interests resulting in the Company absorbing a majority of Junda’s and Longyue’s expected losses and receiving their expected residual returns.  In accordance with ASC 810, “Consolidation”, the net assets of Junda and Longyue were initially measured at their carrying amounts at the date the requirements of the VIE substance first apply.  Carrying amounts refers to the amounts at which the assets and liabilities would have been carried in the consolidated financial statements if the VIE accounting guidance had been effective when the reporting entity first met the conditions to be the primary beneficiary.  The operating results of Junda and Longyue were included in the consolidated income statements of the Company from the effective date of consummating variable interests.

Selected information of the combined balance sheets of Junda and Longyue, including their wholly-owned subsidiaries, as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and the combined results of the operations for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and for the period from November 16, 2010 to December 31, 2010 are summarized as follows:

Junda & Longyue Consolidated & Combined
 
June 30,
2011
   
December
31, 2010
 
Combined Assets (1)
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 50,089     $ 489,886  
Accounts receivable
    1,635,573       5,493  
Inventories
    1,000,458       1,817,506  
Advance to suppliers
    442,561       2,418,459  
Prepaid expense
    582,424       895,081  
Fixed assets and construction-in-progress
    2,886,610       830,948  
Deferred tax assets
    232,408       251,632  
All other assets
    172,614       87,907  
Total
  $ 7,002,738     $ 6,796,912  
                 
Combined Liabilities (1)
               
Accounts payable
  $ 1,368,444     $ 343,944  
Accrued expenses
    292,284       327,959  
Due to related parties
    13,150,770       8,030,303  
Loan from unrelated parties
    -       2,734,309  
All other liabilities
    3,235,503       218,400  
Total
  $ 18,047,000     $ 11,654,915  
 
   
Six Months
Ended
June 30,
2011
   
Period
from
November
16, 2010 to
December
31, 2010
 
Net sales
 
$
7,443,120
   
$
 4,000,749
 
Net loss
   
(3,568,143
)
   
(756,480
)
 
(1) Total assets and liabilities of the combined VIEs are reported net of intercompany balances that have been eliminated in the Company’s consolidation.

 
F-14

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Prior to consummating the variable interests with the Company through Junda and Longyue, on July 24, 2010, Deyufarm, wholly-owned by Junda and Longyue, acquired 100% of the equity interest of HaoLiangXin for cash consideration of $1,212,336 (or RMB 8,220,000).  The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination under the purchase method of accounting.  HaoLiangXin’s results of operations were included in Deyufarm’s results beginning July 24, 2010.  The purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their fair value at the acquisition date (approximated to their carrying value) as summarized in the following:

Purchase price
  $ 1,212,336  
         
Allocation of the purchase price:
       
Cash acquired
    21,110  
Accounts receivable
    508  
Inventories
    264,641  
Advance to suppliers
    304,018  
Other current assets
    42,710  
Property, plant and equipment
    177,871  
Other assets
    3,669  
Accounts payable
    (24,911 )
Advance from customers
    (359,617 )
Other current liabilities
    (241,635 )
Fair value of net assets acquired
    188,364  
         
Goodwill (2)
  $ 1,023,972  

(2) The variance of $50,387 as compared to the $1,074,359 recorded in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2011 was mainly the effect of foreign currency translation.

NOTE 4.
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Accounts receivable consisted of the following:

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Accounts receivable
  $ 26,688,021     $ 11,166,452  
Less:  Allowance for doubtful accounts
    -       -  
Accounts receivable, net
  $ 26,688,021     $ 11,166,452  
 
 
F-15

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
NOTE 5.
INVENTORY

Inventory consisted of the following:

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Raw materials
  $ 12,488,716     $ 934,681  
Work in process
    264,864       421,858  
Finished goods
    31,662,012       16,812,946  
Supplies
    418,674       190,020  
Inventory Reserve
    (31,981 )     -  
Total
  $ 44,802,285     $ 18,359,505  

NOTE 6.
PREPAID EXPENSES

Prepaid expenses consisted of the following:

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Deductible value-added taxes (VAT)
  $ 2,625,053     $ 1,308,220  
Prepaid advertisement
    101,854       643,011  
Prepaid rent
    220,834       180,314  
Prepaid bank loan guarantee fee
    177,278          
Prepayment for equipment
    20,074       7,576  
Prepaid other expenses
    63,376       80,211  
Total
  $ 3,208,469     $ 2,219,332  

 
F-16

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE 7.
PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Automobiles
  $ 857,183     $ 933,878  
Buildings
    7,440,293       1,659,116  
Office equipment
    652,741       447,602  
Machinery and equipment
    4,406,167       2,786,421  
Furniture and fixtures
    49,046       58,837  
Leasehold Improvement
    34,656       -  
Total cost
    13,440,086       5,885,854  
Less:  Accumulated depreciation
    (1,703,305 )     (1,259,850 )
Property, plant, and equipment, net
  $ 11,736,781     $ 4,626,004  

The buildings owned by the Company located in Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, China are used for production, warehousing and offices for our grains business.  The building structure is mainly constructed of light steel and bricks.  During the year ended December, 31 2009, the Company observed a significant decrease in the construction cost of such property structure during its annual impairment testing of long-lived assets.  While future estimated operating results and cash flows are considered, the Company eventually employed the quoted replacement cost of the buildings as comparable market data.  As a result of this analysis, the Company concluded that the carrying amount of the buildings exceeded their appraised fair value, and recorded an impairment of $556,312 for the year ended December 31, 2009.  These charges are classified in the caption “other expenses” within operating expenses.

The construction of a warehousing, processing, and logistics center of Jinzhong Yongcheng (the “Yongcheng Plant”) was completed during the quarter ended June 30, 2011.  Cost of the six (6) warehouses (total 9,525 square meters), one office building (3,860 square meters), and a processing center with five (5) cylinder storages in the amount of RMB 30.1 million ($4.7 million) of the Yongcheng Plant was reclassified from Construction-in-Progress to Property, Plant and Equipment upon the construction completion as of June 30, 2011.  Cost of the land use rights in the amount of RMB 15 million ($2,395,439) of the Yongcheng Plant was reclassified from Construction-in-Progress to Intangible Assets upon the construction completion as of June 30, 2011 (see Note 9).  Depreciation of the warehouses, office building, and processing center will commence in July 2011.

Depreciation expense for the six month periods ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 was $412,111 and $191,086, respectively.

NOTE 8.
CONSTRUCTION-IN-PROGRESS

Construction-in-progress consisted of the following:

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Reconstructing of Gas Burning System
  $ 76,274     $ -  
Construction of Jinzhong processing and storage center
    -       6,732,189  
Remodeling of Beijing Pinggu factory and warehouse
    -       492,315  
Total cost
  $ 76,274     $ 7,224,504  

The Jinzhong processing and storage center and Jinzhong factory heating system located in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, PRC are completed and transferred to fixed assets and land use rights for $4.7 million and $2.3 million as of June 30, 2011.

The Reconstructing of Gas Burning System is located in Pinggu District, Beijing, PRC leased by Xingu Deyufarm under an operating lease agreement.

 
F-17

 


DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE 9.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible assets consisted of the following:

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Software-ERP System and B2C platform
  $ 1,005,647     $ -  
Land use rights
    2,395,439       74,715  
Less:  Accumulated amortization
    (124,997 )     (74,715 )
    $ 3,276,089     $ -  

According to government regulations of the PRC, the PRC Government owns all land.  The Company leases and obtains a certificate of right to use the industrial land of 11,667 square meters with the PRC Government in Jingzhong, Shanxi Province where Jinzhong Deyu’s buildings and production facility are located at.  The term of the right is four to five years and renewed upon expiration.  The right was fully amortized as of December 31, 2010 using the straight-line method.  The term of the right was for the period from March 14, 2007 to March 14, 2011.  The Company has been in the process of renewing the land use right certificate since the expiration date.  According to a Certification issued by the Jinzhong Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources on March 30, 2011, Jinzhong Deyu holds the legal title of the land use rights during the period of the renewal process.

The construction of a warehousing, processing, and logistics center of Jinzhong Yongcheng (the “Yongcheng Plant”) was completed during the quarter ended June 30, 2011.  Cost of the six (6) warehouses (total 9,525 square meters), one office building (3,860 square meters), and a processing center with five (5) cylinder storages in the amount of RMB 30.1 million ($4.7 million) of the Yongcheng Plant was reclassified from Construction-in-Progress to Property, Plant and Equipment upon the construction completion as of June 30, 2011 (see Note 7).  Cost of the land use rights in the amount of RMB 15 million ($2,395,439) of the Yongcheng Plant was reclassified from Construction-in-Progress to Intangible Assets upon the construction completion as of June 30, 2011.  The industrial land underlying the certificate of the land use rights is 46,860 square meters under the title of Jinzhong Deyu.  The term of the rights is fifty (50) years starting from November 26, 2010 to November 25, 2060.  The right will be amortized using the straight-line method over 49.40 years, the remaining term of the land use rights after the construction completion starting from July 2011.

Amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $49,711, mainly related to the ERP system and B2C platform.

NOTE 10.
OTHER ASSETS

Other assets consisted of the following:

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Prepaid for acquisition of farmland use rights
  $ 7,215,286     $ 7,066,061  
Timber, timberland, and farmland use rights
    1,591,392       1,558,479  
Net deferred tax assets – noncurrent
    1,587,282       908,332  
Installment payment for ERP system
    -       984,848  
Others
    -       35,608  
Total cost
  $ 10,393.960     $ 10,553,328  

On September 30, 2010 and December 20, 2010, we entered into Farmland Transfer Agreements with Shanxi Jinbei Plant Technology Co., Ltd. for the transfer of land use rights (the “Rights”) consisting of 53,000 mu (equivalent to 8,731 acres) and 52,337 mu (equivalent to 8,615 acres), respectively.  We paid RMB 19,415,000 (approximately $2,900,000) and RMB 27,221,000 (approximately $4,066,000) in September 30, 2010 and December 20, 2010, respectively.  The variance in the balance denominated in US Dollars as of June 30, 2011 was the effect of foreign currency translation.  Pursuant to the agreement and the terms of the original land use right certificates, the Rights will continue for 43 years (on average).  The land will be used for agricultural planting of corn and grains.  As of June 30, 2011, the title transfer of the Rights was still in the process.

 
F-18

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The cost of timber, timberland and farmland amounted to RMB 10,285,960 ($1,591,392 and $1,558,479 as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively).  The variance in the balances denominated in US Dollars was the effect of foreign currency translation.  According to government regulations of the PRC, the PRC Government owns all timberland and farmland.  The Company leases and obtains a certificate of right to use farmland of approximately 1,605 acres (or 10,032 mu) for the period from August 2005 to December 2031.  For the same farmland, the Company obtained a certificate of the right to timber and 896 acres (or 5,600 mu) of timberland for the period from August 2006 to August 2028.  Timber mainly includes pine trees and poplar trees.  These timber, timberland and farmland were not for operating use or intended for sale.  Based on management’s assessment, there was no impairment for the periods ended June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

NOTE 11.
SHORT-TERM LOANS

Short-term loan consisted of the following:

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Bank loan payable to Bank of Communications, bearing interest at a floating rate of prime rate plus 30% of prime rate, of which prime rate was based on one-year loan interest rate released by The People's Bank of China.  The term of the loan started from May 10, 2011 with maturity date on May 9, 2012.  The loan was obtained by Detain Yu and guaranteed by Zhongyuan Guoxin Credit Guarantee Co., Ltd., Wenjun Tian and Jianming Hao for a period of one year starting from May 10, 2011.
  $ 7,735,747     $ -  
                 
The loan was obtained by Jinzhong Deyu from Jinzhong Kun Sheng Trading Co., Ltd., an unrelated party.  It was unsecured and bearing no interest for the period of April 1 to September 30, 2011 and due October 7, 2011.
    4,950,878       -  
                 
Loan payable to Hangzhou TianCi Investment Management Co., Ltd., an unrelated party.  The loan was unsecured, bearing no interest and no due date was specified.
    56,781       55,606  
                 
Bank loan payable to Jinzhong Economic Development District Rural Credit Union, bearing interest at a floating rate of prime rate plus 129.83% of prime rate, of which prime rate was based on six-month to one-year loan interest rate released by The People's Bank of China.  The loan was due March 8, 2011.  The use of proceeds from the loan is for purchase of raw materials.  The loan was obtained by Jinzhong Yuliang and guaranteed by Jinzhong Deyu for a period of two years starting from January 13, 2010.  In January 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with the bank for an extension of the loan.  The new term is from February 1, 2011 to October 1, 2011.  The adjustable interest rate is a rate per annum equal to the Prime Rate plus 117.23 percentage points of prime rate.  The prime rate is based on one- to three-year loan interest rate released by The People's Bank of China.  Jinzhong Deyu continues to provide guarantees on the loan for a period of two years starting from October 1, 2011.
This loan was paid off on May 11, 2011.
    -       1,287,879  
 
 
F-19

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Bank loan payable to Shanxi Province Rural Credit Union, bearing interest at a floating rate of prime rate plus 107.00% of prime rate, of which prime rate was based on six-month-to-one-year loan interest rate released by The People's Bank of China and due January 13, 2011.  The use of proceeds from the loan is restricted for purchase of corns.  The loan was obtained by Jinzhong Yongcheng and guaranteed by Jinzhong Deyu and Jinzhong Yuliang for a period of two years starting from January 13, 2011.  In January 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with bank with an extension for the bank loan.  The new term of bank loan is from January 14, 2011 to June 11, 2011.  The adjustable interest rate is a rate per annum equal to the Prime Rate plus 107 percentage points of prime rate. The prime rate is based one-to-three-year loan interest rate released by The People's Bank of China.  Jinzhong Deyu and Jinzhong Yuliang remain providing guarantees on the loan for a period of two years starting from June 11, 2011.  This loan was paid off on May 11, 2011.
    -       1,287,879  
                 
Total
  $ 12,743,406     $ 2,631,364  

NOTE 12.
NOTES PAYABLE

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Bank notes payable to Shanxi Stored Grain Purchase-Sell of China Co., Ltd. issued by Jinzhong City Commercial Bank at ZhongDu branch, bearing no interest with 0.05% finance charge.  This note is for April 8, 2011 through October 8, 2011.  The note was obtained and issued by Jinzhong Yuliang and guaranteed by Wenjun Tian.
  $ 15,471,494     $ -  
                 
Bank notes payable to Taigu Yonghe Grain Trading Co., Ltd. issued by Jinzhong City Commercial Bank at Dongshun branch, bearing no interest with 0.05% finance charge.  This note is for April 13, 2011 through October 12, 2011.  The note was obtained and issued by Jinzhong Deyu and guaranteed by Wenjun Tian.
    5,941,053       -  
                 
Bank notes payable to Taigu Yonghe Grain Trading Co., Ltd. issued by Jinzhong City Commercial Bank at Dongshun branch, bearing no interest with 0.05% finance charge.  This note is for May 4, 2011 through November 4, 2011.  The note was obtained and issued by Jinzhong Deyu and guaranteed by Wenjun Tian.
    5,155,102       -  
                 
Total
  $ 26,567,649     $ -  

NOTE 13.
ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Accrued VAT and other taxes
  $ 57,582     $ 888,542  
Accrued payroll
    373,592       332,059  
Others
    183,458       398,585  
Total
  $ 614,632     $ 1,619,186  

NOTE 14.
INCOME TAXES

United States

The Company is incorporated in the United States of America and is subject to the U.S. federal and state taxation.  No provision for income taxes have been made as the Company has no taxable income in the U.S.  The applicable income tax rate for the Company for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 was 34%.  No tax benefit has been realized since a 100% valuation allowance has offset deferred tax asset resulting from the net operating losses.

 
F-20

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

British Virgin Islands

City Zone, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, is incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) and, under the current laws of the BVI, is not subject to income taxes.

Hong Kong

Most Smart, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, is incorporated in Hong Kong.  Most Smart is subject to Hong Kong taxation on its activities conducted in Hong Kong and income arising in or derived from Hong Kong.  No provision for income taxes have been made as Most Smart has no taxable income in Hong Kong.

The People’s Republic of China (PRC)

Under the Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) Law of the PRC, the standard EIT rate is 25%.  The PRC subsidiaries of the Company are subject to PRC income taxes on an entity basis on income arising in or derived from the tax jurisdiction in which they operate.  According to the Tax Pronouncement [2008] No. 149 issued by the State Administration of Tax of the PRC, the preliminary processing industry of agricultural products is entitled to EIT exemption starting January 1, 2008.  Three of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries located in the Shanxi Province, China, including Jinzhong Deyu, Jinzhong Yongcheng, and Jinzhong Yuliang are subject to the EIT exemption.  All other subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs are subject to the 25% EIT rate.

 
F-21

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The provision for income taxes from continuing operations on income consists of the following for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010:
   
For the Six Months
Ended
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Current income tax expense (benefit)
           
U.S.
  $ -     $ -  
PRC
    -       -  
Total current expense (benefit)
  $ -     $ -  
                 
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
               
U.S.
  $ -     $ -  
PRC
    (488,208 )     -  
Total deferred expense (benefit)
  $ (488,208 )   $ -  

The following is a reconciliation of the statutory tax rate to the effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010:

   
2011
   
2010
 
Expected U.S. income tax expense
    34.0 %     34.0 %
Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from:
               
Tax-exempt income
    (77.9 )%     (35.4 )%
Foreign tax differential
    10.1 %     0.4  
Change in U.S. federal valuation allowance
    22.9 %     1.1  
Intercompany elimination
    0.5 %     -  
Other
    0.6 %     -  
Total income tax benefit
    (9.8 )%     -  

Significant components of the Company’s net deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are presented in the following table:

   
June 30,
2011
   
December 31,
2010
 
Deferred tax assets
           
Net operating loss carryforwards (NOL)
  $ 2,068,539     $ 1,458,421  
Share-based compensation
    298,703       197,126  
Gross deferred tax assets
    2,367,242       1,655,547  
Less: Valuation allowance
    (659,377 )     (466,649 )
Total deferred tax assets, net
  $ 1,707,865     $ 1,188,898  
 
 
F-22

 
 
DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE 15.
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Reverse Acquisition and Private Placement

On April 27, 2010, we completed the acquisition of City Zone by means of a share exchange.  Simultaneously with the acquisition, we completed a private placement for gross proceeds of $8,211,166 from the sale of our securities to accredited investors at $4.40 per unit, with each “Unit” consisting of one share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, and a warrant to purchase 0.4 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $5.06 per share.

On April 27, 2010, the (the “Closing Date”), we entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (“Exchange Agreement”) by and among (i) City Zone, (ii) City Zone’s shareholders, (iii) us, and (iv) our principal stockholders.  Pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement, Expert Venture Limited and the other City Zone Shareholders will transfer to us all of the shares of City Zone in exchange for the issuance of 8,736,932 shares of our common stock as set forth in the Exchange Agreement, so that Expert Venture and other minority shareholders of City Zone shall own at least a majority of our outstanding shares.

Our directors approved the Exchange Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby.  The directors of City Zone also approved the Exchange Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby.

As a result of the Exchange Agreement effective April 27, 2010, we acquired 100% of the equity interest of City Zone, the business and operations of which now constitutes our primary business and operations through its wholly-owned PRC subsidiaries.  Specifically, as a result of the Exchange Agreement:

 
·
We issued 8,736,932 shares of our common stock to the City Zone Shareholders;
 
·
The ownership position of our shareholders who were holders of common stock immediately prior to the Exchange Agreement changed from 100% to 9.5% (fully diluted) of our outstanding shares; and
 
·
City Zone Shareholders were issued our common stock constituting approximately 65.71% of our fully diluted outstanding shares.

Immediately after the Share Exchange, we entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (the “Investors”) for the issuance and sale in a private placement of 1,866,174 Units, consisting of 1,866,174 shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Investor Shares”) and Series A Warrants to purchase up to 746,479 shares of our Common Stock (the “Warrants”), for aggregate gross proceeds of $8,211,166 (the “Private Placement”).  In connection with the Private Placement, we also entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with the Investors, in which we agreed to file a registration statement (the “Registration Statement”) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) to register for resale the Investor Shares, within 60 calendar days of the Closing Date of the Private Placement, and to use our best efforts to have the Registration Statement declared effective within 180 calendar days of the Closing Date of the Private Placement.  On October 21, 2010, the SEC declared our Form S-1 effective.

 
F-23

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

In connection with the Private Placement, Maxim Group, LLC acted as our financial advisor and placement agent (the “Placement Agent”).  Maxim received a cash fee equal to 7% of the gross proceeds of the Private Placement.  Maxim also received warrants to purchase 171,911 shares of our Common Stock at a price per share of $5.06 (the “Placement Agent Warrants”).  Pursuant to the Original Placement Agreement entered into by Detian Yu on January 27, 2010 with the Placement Agent (the “Original Placement Agreement”), we engaged the Placement Agent to act as the exclusive agent to sell the Units in this offering on a “commercially reasonable efforts basis.”  The Placement Agent received cash fees equal to 7% of our gross proceeds received in connection with an equity financing and a cash corporate finance fee equally to 1% of our gross proceeds raised in the Offering, payable at the time of each Closing; five (5) year warrants to purchase that number of Series A Preferred Shares and Shares equal to 5% of the aggregate number of Series A Preferred Shares and Shares underlying the Units issued pursuant to this Offering; and a non-refundable cash retainer (or restricted shares) of $25,000 payable upon the execution of the retainer agreement.  We also agreed to pay for all of the reasonable expenses the Placement Agent incurred in connection with the Offering.

On May 10, 2010, we closed on the second and final round (the “Final Closing”) of the private placement offering for the issuance and sale of 589,689 Units, consisting of 589,689 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and 235,883 five-year Series A Warrants with an exercise price of $5.06 per share, to certain accredited investors (the “Investors”) for total gross proceeds of $2,594,607.

We raised an aggregate amount of $10,805,750 in the offering.  As of the Final Closing, we had 9,999,999 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.  In connection with the offering, we issued a total of 2,455,863 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Shares and 982,362 Series A Warrants to the Investors.  Additionally, the Placement Agent received 171,911 warrants.

Make Good Escrow Agreement

We also entered into a make good escrow agreement with the Investors (the “Securities Escrow Agreement”), pursuant to which the City Zone Shareholders placed a number of shares of common stock equal to 100% of the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the Investor Shares, which are initially convertible into 1,866,174 shares of Common Stock (the “Escrow Shares”) in an escrow account.  The Escrow Shares are being held as security in the event we do not achieve $11 million in audited net income for the fiscal year 2010 (the “2010 Performance Threshold”) and $15 million in audited net income for the fiscal year 2011 (the “2011 Performance Threshold”).  If we achieve the 2010 Performance Threshold and the 2011 Performance Threshold, the Escrow Shares will be released back to the City Zone Shareholders.  If either the 2010 Performance Threshold or 2011 Performance Threshold is not achieved, an aggregate number of Escrow Shares (such number to be determined by the formula set forth in the Securities Escrow Agreement) will be distributed to the Investors, based upon the number of Investor Shares (on an as-converted basis) purchased in the Private Placement and still beneficially owned by such Investor, or such successor, assign or transferee, at such time.  If any Investor transfers Investor Shares purchased pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the rights to the Escrow Shares shall similarly transfer to such transferee, with no further action required by the Investor, the transferee or us.

Lock-Up Agreement

We also entered into a lock-up agreement with the Investors (the “Lock-Up Agreement”), pursuant to which the common stock owned by the management of City Zone will be locked-up until six (6) months after the Registration Statement is declared effective.

 
F-24

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

The holders of Series A Convertible Preferred Shares (“Series A Preferred”) are entitled to receive cumulative dividends in preference to the holders of common stock at an annual rate of 5% of the applicable per Series A Preferred original purchase price (the “Dividend Preference” and the “Dividends”).  If, after the Dividend Preference has been fully paid or declared and set apart, the Company shall make any additional distributions, then the holders of Series A Preferred shall participate with the holders of common stock on an as-converted basis with respect to such distributions.  Dividends are payable in cash or shares of Series A Preferred, at the Company’s option.

Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of Series A Preferred will be entitled to receive, out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders, an amount equal to $4.40 per share (the amount, the “Liquidation Preference Amount”), before any payment shall be made or any assets distributed to the holders of the common stock (the “Liquidation Preference”).
 
Each holder of Series A Preferred will have the right, at the option of the holder at any time on or after the issuance of the Series A Preferred, without the payment of additional consideration, to convert Series A Preferred into a number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of common stock equal to: (i) the Liquidation Preference Amount of such share divided by (ii) the Conversion Price in effect as of the date of the conversion.

For a period of two (2) years following the issuance of the Series A Preferred, the conversion price of Series A Preferred will be subject to adjustment for issuances of common stock (or securities convertible or exchangeable into shares of common stock) at a purchase price less than the conversion price of the Series A Preferred.   The Series A Preferred Stock does not contain any repurchase or redemption rights.

Current accounting standards require that we evaluate the terms and conditions of convertible preferred stock to determine (i) if the nature of the hybrid financial instrument, based upon its economic risks, is more akin to an equity contract or a debt contract for purposes of establishing classification of the embedded conversion feature and (ii) the classification of the host or hybrid financial instrument.  Based upon a review of the terms and conditions of the Series A Preferred, the Company has concluded that the financial instrument is more akin to an equity financial instrument.  The major consideration underlying this conclusion is that the Series A Preferred is a perpetual financial instrument with no stated maturity or redemption date, or other redemption that is not within the Company’s control.  Other considerations in support of the equity conclusion included the voting rights and conversion feature into common shares.  While the cumulative dividend feature may, in some instances, be likened to a debt-type coupon, the absence of a stated maturity date was determined to establish the cumulative dividend as a residual return, which does not obviate the equity nature of the financial instrument.  Further, there are no cash redemption features that are not within the control of our management.  As a result, classification in stockholders’ equity is appropriate for the Series A Preferred.

 
F-25

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Series A Warrants

The warrants issued to the investors and placement agent have strike prices of $5.06 and $4.84, respectively, and expire in five years.  The strike prices are subject to adjustment only for changes in our capital structure, but allow for cashless exercise under a formula that limits the aggregate issuable common shares.  There are no redemption features embodied in the warrants and they have met the conditions provided in current accounting standards for equity classification.

There were 982,362 Series A Warrants sold together with the Series A Preferred to the Investors, which:

 
(a)
entitle the holder to purchase 1 share of common stock;
 
(b)
are exercisable at any time after consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Securities Purchase Agreement and shall expire on the date that is five years following the original issuance date of the Series A Warrants;
 
(c)
are exercisable, in whole or in part, at an exercise price of $5.06 per share of common stock; and
 
(d)
are exercisable only for cash (except that there will be a cashless exercise option if, after twelve months from the Issue Date, (i) the Per Share Market Value of one share of Common Stock is greater than the Warrant Price (at the date of calculation) and (ii) a registration statement under the Securities Act providing for the resale of the Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Warrant Shares is not in effect, in lieu of exercising this Warrant by payment of cash).

Aggregate gross proceeds from the two closing events amounted to $10,805,750.  Direct financing costs totaled $1,742,993 of which $1,555,627 was paid in cash and the balance of $187,366 represents the fair value of warrants linked to 171,911 shares of our common stock that were issued to a placement agent.  The proceeds and the related direct financing costs were allocated to the Series A Preferred and the warrants (classified in paid-in capital) based upon their relative fair values.  The following table summarizes the components of the allocation:

   
Series A
Preferred
   
Paid-in
Capital
Warrants
   
Total
 
Fair values of financial instruments
  $ 10,248,092     $ 1,039,978     $ 11,288,070  
                         
Gross proceeds
  $ 9,810,227     $ 995,523     $ 10,805,750  
Direct financing costs
    (1,581,550 )     (161,443 )     (1,742,993 )
Fair value of placement agent warrants
          187,366       187,366  
    $ 8,228,677     $ 1,021,446     $ 9,250,123  

Fair value considerations:

Our accounting for the sale of Series A Preferred and warrants, and the issuance of warrants to the Placement Agent required the estimation of fair values of the financial instruments on the financing inception date.  The development of fair values of financial instruments requires the selection of appropriate methodologies and the estimation of often subjective assumptions.  We selected the valuation techniques based upon consideration of the types of assumptions that market participants would likely consider in exchanging the financial instruments in market transactions.  The Series A Preferred was valued based upon a common stock equivalent method, enhanced by the cumulative dividend feature.  The dividend feature was valued as the estimated cash flows of the dividends discounted to present value using an estimated weighted average cost of capital.  The warrants were valued using a Black-Scholes-Merton Valuation Technique because it embodies all of the requisite assumptions (including trading volatility, estimated terms and risk free rates) necessary to fair value these instruments.

 
F-26

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

These fair values were necessary to develop relative fair value calculation for allocations of certain elements of the financing arrangement, principally proceeds and the related direct financing costs.  The following tables reflect assumptions used to determine the fair value of the Series A Preferred:

   
Fair Value
   
Series A
Preferred
   
Series A
Preferred
 
   
Hierarchy
Level
   
April 27,
2010
   
May 10,
2010
 
Indexed common shares
          1,866,174       589,689  
                       
Components of fair value:
                     
Common stock equivalent value
        $ 6,631,403     $ 2,083,094  
Dividend feature
          659,821       209,439  
          $ 7,791,224     $ 2,292,533  
                       
Significant assumptions:
                     
Common stock price
    3       3.55       3.53  
Horizon for dividend cash flow projection
    3       2.0       2.0  
Weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”)
    3       15.91 %     15.55 %

Fair value hierarchy of the above assumptions can be categorized as follows:

 
(1)
Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, or derived there from.  There were no level 1 inputs.

 
(2)
Level 2 inputs are significant other observable inputs. There were no level 2 inputs.

 
(3)
Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs. Inputs for which any parts are level 3 inputs are classified as level 3 in their entirety.

 
·
Stock price- Given that management did not believe our trading market price was indicative of the fair value of our common stock at the measurement date, the common stock price value was derived implicitly from an iterative process based upon the assumption that the consideration of the Private Placement was the result of an arm’s length transaction. The Private Placement was composed of Series A Preferred and Series A Warrants which were both indexed to our common stock; accordingly, we used an iterative process to determine the value of our common stock in order for the fair value of the Series A Preferred and Series A Warrants to equal the amount of consideration received in the Private Placement.

 
·
Dividend horizon- We estimated the horizon for dividend payment at 2 years.

 
·
WACC- The rates utilized to discount the cumulative dividend cash flows to their present values were based on a weighted average cost of capital of 18.94% and 18.60% as of April 27, 2010 and May 10, 2010, respectively. This discount rate was determined after consideration of the rate of return on debt capital and equity that typical investors would require in an investment in companies similar in size and operating in similar markets as Deyu Agriculture Corp.. The cost of equity was determined using a build-up method which begins with a risk free rate and adds expected risk premiums designed to reflect the additional risk of the investment. Additional premiums or discounts related specifically to us and the industry are also added or subtracted to arrive at the final cost of equity rate. The cost of debt was determined based upon available financing terms.

 
F-27

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

 
·
Significant inputs and assumptions underlying the model calculations related to the warrant valuations are as follows:

The following tables reflect assumptions used to determine the fair value of the Warrants:

         
April 27, 2010
   
May 10, 2010
 
   
Fair Value
Hierarchy
Level
   
Investor
warrants
   
Agent
warrants
   
Investor
warrants
   
Agent
Warrants
 
                               
Indexed shares
          746,479       130,632       235,883       41,279  
Exercise price
          5.06       4.84       5.06       4.84  
                                       
Significant assumptions:
                                     
Stock price
    3       3.55       3.55       3.53       3.53  
Remaining term
    3    
5 years
   
5 years
   
5 years
   
5 years
 
Risk free rate
    2       2.39 %     2.39 %     2.24 %     2.24 %
Expected volatility
    2       45.25 %     45.25 %     45.47 %     45.47 %

Fair value hierarchy of the above assumptions can be categorized as follows:

 
(1)
There were no Level 1 inputs.

 
(2)
Level 2 inputs include:

 
·
Risk-free rate- This rate is based on publicly-available yields on zero-coupon Treasury securities with remaining terms to maturity consistent with the remaining contractual term of the warrants

 
·
Expected volatility- We did not have a historical trading history sufficient to develop an internal volatility rate for use in the model. As a result, we have used a peer approach wherein the historical trading volatilities of certain companies with similar characteristics as ours and who had a sufficient trading history were used as an estimate of our volatility. In developing this model, no one company was weighted more heavily.

 
(3)
Level 3 inputs include:

 
·
Stock price- Given that management did not believe our trading market price was indicative of the fair value of our common stock at the measurement date, the stock price was determined implicitly from an iterative process based upon the assumption that the consideration of the Private Placement was the result of an arm’s length transaction.

 
·
Remaining term- We do not have a history to develop the expected term for our warrants.  Accordingly, we have used the contractual remaining term in our calculations.
 
 
F-28

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following is a summary of the status and activity of warrants outstanding as of June 30, 2011:

Outstanding Warrants
Exercise Price
   
Number of Warrants
 
Average Remaining Contractual Life
$ 5.06       982,362  
3.84 years
$ 4.84       171,911  
3.84 years
Total
      1,154,273    

   
Number of Warrants
 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2011
    1,154,273  
Granted
    -  
Forfeited
    -  
Exercised
    -  
Outstanding as of June 30, 2011
    1,154,273  

NOTE 16.
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

As of June 30, 2011, the Company had one share-based compensation plan as described below.  The compensation cost that had been charged against income for the plan was $275,163 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and $549,106 for the year ended December 31, 2010.  The related income tax benefit recognized was $298,703 as of June 30, 2011.  A 100% valuation allowance was assessed against the deferred tax assets derived from such tax benefit as of June 30, 2011.

On November 4, 2010, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the Company’s 2010 Share Incentive Plan (the “Plan”).  Under the Plan, 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock shall be allocated to and authorized for use pursuant to the terms of the Plan.  On November 8, 2010, a total of 931,000 non-qualified incentive stock options were approved by our Board of Directors and granted under the Plan, including 851,000 options granted to the Company’s executives and key employees (collectively, “Employees”) and 80,000 options granted to consultants and independent directors of the Board (collectively, “Non-employees”), at an exercise price of $4.40 per share.  On December 15, 2010, 40,000 non-qualified incentive stock options were approved by our Board of Directors and granted under the Plan to a consultant at an exercise price of $4.40 per share.  The option award granted in 2010 shall vest as follows:

 
(i)
33 1/3% of the option grants be vested one (1) month after the date of grant;
 
(ii)
33 1/3% of the option grants be vested twelve (12) months after the date of grant; and
 
(iii)
33 1/3% of the option grants be vested twenty-four (24) months after the date of grant

The fair value of each option award was estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model that uses the assumptions noted in the following table.  The model is based on the assumption that it is possible to set up a perfectly hedged position consisting of owning the shares of stock and selling a call option on the stock.  Any movement in the price of the underlying stock will be offset by an opposite movement in the options value, resulting in no risk to the investor.  This perfect hedge is riskless and, therefore, should yield the riskless rate of return.  As the Black-Scholes option pricing model applies to stocks that do not pay dividends, we made an adjustment developed by Robert Merton to approximate the option value of a dividend-paying stock.  Under this adjustment method, it is assumed that the Company’s stock will generate a constant dividend yield during the remaining life of the options.

 
F-29

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following tables reflect assumptions used to determine the fair value of the option award:

Options granted on November 8, 2010:

Exercisable Period
 
12/8/2010
 –
11/8/2020
   
11/8/2011
 –
11/8/2020
   
11/8/2012
 –
11/8/2020
 
Risk-free Rate (%)
    1.12       1.27       1.46  
Expected Lives (years)
    5.04       5.50       6.00  
Expected Volatility (%)
    46.10       44.49       43.04  
Expected forfeitures per year (%)
    0.00-5.00       0.00-5.00       0.00-5.00  
Dividend Yield (%)
    0.00       0.00       0.00  

Options granted on December 15, 2010:

Exercisable Period
 
1/15/2011
 – 
12/15/2020
   
12/15/2011
 – 
12/15/2020
   
12/15/2012
 – 
12/15/2020
 
Risk-free Rate (%)
    2.15       2.32       2.50  
Expected Lives (years)
    5.04       5.50       6.00  
Expected Volatility (%)
    46.15       44.52       43.09  
Expected forfeitures per year (%)
    0.00       0.00       0.00  
Dividend Yield (%)
    0.00       0.00       0.00  

Fair value hierarchy of the above assumptions can be categorized as follows:

 
(1)
There were no Level 1 inputs.

 
(2)
Level 2 inputs include:

 
·
Risk-free rate- This rate is based on continuous compounding of publicly-available yields on U.S. Treasury securities with remaining terms to maturity consistent with the expected term of the options at the dates of grant.

 
·
Expected volatility- We did not have a historical trading history sufficient to develop an internal volatility rate for use in the model.  As a result, we have used a peer approach wherein the historical trading volatilities of certain companies with similar characteristics as ours and who had a sufficient trading history were used as an estimate of our volatility.  In developing this model, no one company was weighted more heavily.

 
F-30

 

DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

(3) Level 3 inputs include:

 
Expected lives- The expected lives of options granted were derived from the output of the option valuation model and represented the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding.

 
Expected forfeitures per year- The expected forfeitures are estimated at the dates of grant and will be revised in subsequent periods pursuant to actual forfeitures, if significantly different from the previous estimates.

The estimates of fair value from the model are theoretical values of stock options and changes in the assumptions used in the model could result in materially different fair value estimates.  The actual value of the stock options will depend on the market value of the Company’s common stock when the stock options are exercised.

A summary of option activity under the Plan as of June 30, 2011, and changes during the six months then ended is presented below:

Options
 
Shares
   
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
   
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2011
    971,000     $ 4.40       -  
Granted
    -       -       -  
Exercised
    -       -       -  
Forfeited
    (25,000     4.40       -  
Outstanding as of June 30, 2011
    946,000       4.40    
4.97 years
 
Exercisable as of June 30, 2011
    315,333       4.40    
4.68 years
 
Vested and expected to vest (3)
    918,467       4.40    
4.96 years
 

(3) Includes vested shares and unnvested shares after a forfeiture rate is applied.

A summary of the status of the Company’s unvested shares as of June 30, 2011, and changes during the year ended June 30, 2011, is presented below:

Unvested Shares
 
Shares
   
Weighted-
Average
Grant-
Date Fair
Value
 
Unvested as of January 1, 2011
   
647,334
   
$
 1,162,373
 
Granted
   
-
     
-
 
Vested
   
-
     
-
 
Forfeited
   
(25,000
   
(30,274
Unvested as of June 30, 2011
   
622,334
   
$
1,132,099
 
 
 
F-31

 
   
DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
NOTE 17.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Due to related parties

   
As of June
30,
   
As of
December
31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Advances from -
           
Dongsheng International Investment Co., Ltd.
 
$
14,110,002
   
$
 3,484,848
 
Jinzhong Xinhuasheng Business Trading Co., Ltd.
   
3,094,299
     
3,030,303
 
Mr. Wenjun Tian
   
4,022,588
     
1,515,152
 
Total
 
$
21,226,889
   
$
 8,030,303
 

Mr. Wenjun Tian, the President and Executive Director of the Company is also the President and Executive Director of Dongsheng International Investment Co., Ltd.  Mr. Hong Wang, a shareholder with over 5% beneficial ownership and a manager of the Company is the President and Executive Director of Jinzhong Xinhuasheng Business Trading Co., Ltd.  Those advances as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are unsecured, bear no interest and no due date is specified.

Guarantees

As of June 30, 2011, Zhongyuan Guoxin Credit Guarantee Co., Ltd., Wenjun Tian and Jianming Hao provided guarantees on short-term loans obtained by Detain Yu.  Wenjun Tian provided guarantees on bank notes obtained and issued by Jinzhong Yuliang and Jinzhong Deyu.

As of December 31, 2010, Jinzhong Deyu provided guarantees on short-term loans obtained by Jinzhong Yuliang and Jinzhong Yongcheng.  Jinzhong Yuliang also provided guarantees on a short-term loan obtained by Jinzhong Yongcheng.
 
NOTE 18.
SEGMENT REPORTING

As defined in ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting”, the Company has three reportable segments, including the corn division, the simple-processed grain division, and the deep-processed grain division.  The three segments were identified primarily based on the difference in products.  The corn division is comprised of Jinzhong Yongcheng and Jinzhong Yuliang in the business of bulk purchasing corns from farmers and distributing to agricultural product trading companies through wholesale.  The business of the simple-processed grain division is conducted through Jinzhong Deyu and Detian Yu, by bulk purchasing of grains from farmers and distributing to wholesalers and supermarkets with our own brand names, including “De Yu” and “Shi-Tie” for certified organic grain products.  The deep-processed grain division was newly created in 2010.  Its business is conducted through Detian Yu, Deyufarm and its subsidiaries, by producing and distributing instant grain vermicelli, instant millet beverage, and buckwheat tea to wholesalers and supermarkets with our own brand name, “Deyufang”.  Other entities consolidated under the Company are mainly for holding purposes and do not plan to earn revenues, and may only incur incidental activities.
 
 
F-32

 
  
DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
Information about the three reportable segments is presented in the following tables:

Six Months Ended
June 30, 2011
 
Corn
Division
   
Simple-
Processed
Grain
 Division
   
Deep-
Processed
Grain
Division
   
Others
   
Total
 
Revenues from external customers
 
$
55,178,759
   
$
35,505,989
   
$
2,786,788
   
$
-
   
$
93,471,536
 
Intersegment revenues
   
5,071,110
     
18,471
     
-
     
-
     
5,089,580
 
Interest revenue
   
-
     
130
     
-
     
64
     
194
 
Interest expense
   
(124,615
)
   
(87,209
)
   
-
     
-
     
(211,824
)
Net interest (expense) income
   
(124,615
)
   
(87,079
)
   
-
     
64
     
(211,629
)
Depreciation and amortization
   
(84,217
)
   
(316,349
)
   
(49,485
)
   
(11,770
)
   
(461,822
)
Noncontrolling interest
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
985,713
     
985,713
 
Segment net profit (loss)
   
8,914,545
     
(1,821,820
)
   
 (417,560
)
   
(226,125
)
   
6,449,039
 

Three Months Ended
June 30, 2011
 
Corn
Division
   
Simple-
Processed
Grain
 Division
   
Deep-
Processed
Grain
Division
   
Others
   
Total
 
Revenues from external customers
 
$
34,686,833
   
$
16,613,271
   
$
$739,169
   
$
-
   
$
52,039,273
 
Intersegment revenues
   
4,787,259
     
(4,325
)
   
-
     
-
     
4,782,933
 
Interest revenue
   
(4,901)
     
(1,099)
     
(23)
     
(198)
     
(6,221)
 
Interest expense
   
(50,237
)
   
(87,209
)
   
-
     
-
     
(137,446
)
Net interest (expense) income
   
(45,336
)
   
(86,110
)
   
(23
)
   
(198
)
   
(131,225
)
Depreciation and amortization
   
(34,577
)
   
(159,727
)
   
(23,177
)
   
(5,921
)
   
(223,403
)
Noncontrolling interest
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
841,530
     
841,530
 
Segment net profit (loss)
   
5,322,325
     
(2,459,960
)
   
16,665
     
226,765
     
3,105,794
 

Six Months
Ended
June 31, 2010
 
Corn
Division
   
Simple-
Processed
Grain
 Division
   
Deep-
Processed
Grain
Division
   
Others
   
Total
 
Revenues from external customers
 
$
26,961,513
   
$
5,954,339
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
32,915,852
 
Intersegment revenues
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Interest revenue
   
2,044
     
1,416
     
-
     
5
     
3,465
 
Interest expense
   
(145,968
)
   
(6,623
)
   
-
     
-
     
(152,591
)
Net interest expense
   
(143,924
)
   
(5,207
)
   
-
     
5
     
(149,126
)
Depreciation and amortization
   
(83,253
)
   
(103,883
)
   
-
     
(3,950
   
(191,086
)
Segment net profit (loss)
   
4,026,209
     
1,633,520
     
-
     
(216,090
)
   
5,443,639
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 31, 2010
 
Corn
Division
   
Simple-
Processed
Grain
 Division
   
Deep-
Processed
Grain
Division
   
Others
   
Total
 
Revenues from external customers
 
$
16,016,871
   
$
2,451,699
   
$
-
   
$
-
   
$
18,468,570
 
Intersegment revenues
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Interest revenue
   
1,541
     
1,007
     
-
     
5
     
2,553
 
Interest expense
   
(89,728
)
   
(1,326
)
   
-
     
-
     
(91,054
)
Net interest expense
   
(88,187
)
   
(319
)
   
-
     
5
     
(88,501
)
Depreciation and amortization
   
(37,110
)
   
(70,032
)
   
-
     
(3,950
   
(111,092
)
Segment net profit (loss)
   
2,498,816
     
590,791
     
-
     
(212,881
)
   
2,876,726
 

All of our revenues were generated from customers in China.  All long-lived assets are located in China.  The following tables set forth our three major customers in each segment:

   
% of Gross Sales for
the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2011
 
Corn Division :
     
Taigu Grain Depot
    5.1 %
Sichuan Guangyuan Tay Grain Depot
    4.4 %
Shanghai Yihai Trading Co., Ltd.
    4.4 %
Top Three Customers as % of Total Gross Sales:
    13.9 %
         
Simple-Processed Grain Division :
       
Tianjin Yimingda Grain Division
    27.1 %
Hebei Zhuoran Agriculture Technology Co., Ltd.
    8.2 %
Beijing Nianfongliye Trading Co., Ltd.
    4.7 %
Top Three Customers as % of Total Gross Sales
    40.0 %
         
Deep-Processed Grain Division :
       
Tianjin Yimingda Grain Division
    17.1 %
Beijing Chaoxinhuiyuan Culture Development Co., Ltd.
    13.9 %
Jinzhong Xinkeyuan Trading Co., Ltd.
    4.0 %
Top Three Customers as % of Total Gross Sales:
    35.0 %

NOTE 19.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
 
On July 18, 2011, Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“Detian Yu”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Deyu Agriculture Corp., a Nevada corporation (the “Registrant”), entered into a Collaboration Agreement of Incorporation with Yalin Gu, an individual, pursuant to which Detian Yu shall invest RMB7,000,000 (US$1,083,590), equal to 70% of the total initial registered share capital of, and Yalin Gu shall invest RMB3,000,000 (US$464,400), equal to 30% of the total initial registered share capital of, Hebei YuGu Grain Co., Ltd., a company which shall be incorporated and registered in Gaocheng City of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China for the investment and operation base in a new project in Gaocheng City entitled the “China Grain Trading Center”.  The scope of operation of the new company shall be sales of grains, beans and potatoes and the import and export of goods and technology.  As of the date of this report, such company has no operations.
 
 
F-33

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements

In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless otherwise indicated, the words “we”, “us” and “our” refer to Deyu Agriculture Corp. and all entities owned or controlled by Deyu Agriculture Corp.  All references to “Deyu” or the “Company” in this report mean Deyu Agriculture Corp., a Nevada corporation, and all entities owned or controlled by Deyu Agriculture Corp., except where it is made clear that the term only means the parent or a subsidiary company. References in this report to the “PRC” or “China” are to the People’s Republic of China.

This report contains forward-looking statements.  The words “anticipated”, “believe”, “expect”, “plan”, “intend”, “seek”, “estimate”, “project,”, “could”, “may” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.  These statements include, among others, information regarding future operations, future capital expenditures, and future net cash flow.  Such statements reflect our management’s current views with respect to future events and financial performance and involve risks and uncertainties, including, without limitation, the current economic downturn adversely affecting demand for the our products; our reliance on our major customers for a large portion of our net sales; our ability to develop and market new products; our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations; our ability to accurately forecast amounts of supplies needed to meet customer demand; market acceptance of our products; exposure to product liability and defect claims; fluctuations in the availability of raw materials and components needed for our products; protection of our intellectual property rights; changes in the laws of the PRC that affect our operations; inflation and fluctuations in foreign currency rates and various other matters, many of which are beyond our control.  Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties occur, or should underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may vary materially and adversely from those anticipated, believed, estimated or otherwise indicated.  Consequently, all of the forward-looking statements made in this report are qualified by these cautionary statements and there can be no assurance of the actual results or developments.
 
Summary of our Business

We are a Beijing, China-based producer and seller of organic and non-organic, ready-to-eat and ready-to-drink “simple processed” and “deep processed” grain consumer products which are sold in approximately 10,000 supermarkets and convenient stores throughout China.  We are also one of the dominant organic and non-organic agricultural product distributors in Shanxi Province engaged in procuring, processing, marketing and distributing various grain and corn products and byproducts.

We have experienced high growth in both revenue and net income.  Operating revenue for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $89,175,633, representing a 119% increase from $40,732,447 for the year ended December 31, 2009. Our net income for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $11,502,253, representing a 60% increase from $7,181,132 for the year ended December 31, 2009.  Operating revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $93,471,536, representing a 184% increase from $32,915,852 for the six months ended June 30, 2010. Our net income for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $6,449,039, representing a 19% increase from $5,443,639 for the six months ended June 30, 2010.

Our continuous growth relies on our ability to meet the increasing demand for our current products and our expanded product lines.  Management has developed strategies and taken actions to keep up with demands and foreseeable ones.  Such actions include working with farmers to increase current yields, focusing on our ability to enter into new cooperative agreements, signing contracts with new farmer agents, and expanding geographically in Shanxi Province, land acquisitions, building production sites and warehouses, or even consider mergers and acquisitions of suppliers of some of our products (although we are currently not a party to any such negotiations or agreements), vendors, or competitors if considered necessary or bargain purchase.

 
- 4 -

 

 
As a result of our recent control agreements whereby we now control Deyufarm, we believe our deep processed grain products would have higher margin products than our rough processed corn if run in full capacity.  As such, we have increased our efforts to enter into supermarkets in tier 1 and tier 2 cities in China.   Additionally, based upon our perceived and historical growing demand for our deep processed grain products, the changing dietary demands, and the increase in health and nutrition consciousness of the Chinese people, we believe we have a unique opportunity to substantially increase our revenues, net income and gross margins.  Management has also begun an initial evaluation of the viability of exporting our deep processed grain products to other countries, such as Japan and the United States, or importing foreign grains or nuts as displayed together with unpacked Chinese grain products within supermarkets.  We believe significant factors that could affect our operating results are the (a) cost of raw materials, (b) prices and margins of our products to our retailers and their markup to the end users, (c) consumer acceptance of our deep processed grain products, (d) general economic conditions in China and (e) the changing dietary habits of the people of China towards our organic food.

On June 16, 2011, Tianjin Detian Yu entered into a Cooperation Agreement (the “Agreement”) with the Administrative Committee of Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city (the “Agency”), the representative organization of the Tianjin Municipal Government. Tianjin Detian Yu exists as a newly formed subsidiary of Detian Yu.  The Agreement provides for a cooperative relationship between Tianjin Detian Yu and the Agency regarding Tianjin Detian Yu’s establishment of its operations in Tianin’s Eco-city, particularly with respect to certain tax arrangements.

Our goal for 2011 is to develop the business model comprised of three major pieces: corn division, simple and deep processed grain divisions, and non-processed and unpacked grains sold in retail stores.  Together that would result in significant growth.  With the funds we received from banks that required to use in purchase of corn, we will not need to shift some capital from corn division to unpacked grain business to grow it.  At the same time, we rely on our strengths, competitive edges and support to our corn customers to keep up the revenues.  On the other hand, all of increased distribution channels and brand name recognition out of sales and marketing initiatives and momentum we gain from simple and deep processed grain products would help tremendously on this unpacked grain business.  In addition, the ERP system we implemented to strength and better our procurement capability and accuracy, particularly for retail side of business, would boost up our flexibility and accuracy to eventually increase our business and quality of accounting and internal control.  Meanwhile, the B2B and B2C E-Commerce we built will further enhance our selling capability which should attract especially our current or new wholesale customers who can register as members by paying membership fees to attain lower pricing.  This initiative would help encourage them to order high volume and help our cash flows at the same time.

Plan of Operation

With the corn business being matured and stable and yet increasing demand yearly, we have acquired two pieces of farmland of approximately 17,300 acres of ownership rights between 40 to 47 years at the end of 2010 for a total of approximately $7 million to secure the supply and quality of crops for both grains and corn. The growing season for these parcels commenced in April 2011.  As a result, we believe we have achieved economies of scale through exclusive rights of use to over 109,000 acres of some of China’s most fertile agricultural land, including ownership rights to approximately 19,000 acres.  Since demand of both simple processed and deep processed grain products is increasing through our expanding sales network and brand name recognition, we are increasing the land coverage of our growing base and also our production base for deep processed products.  To achieve that, we are constructing warehouses in Shanxi Province and a new plant in the outskirts of Beijing.

In the year 2011, for sales and marketing strategy, instead of rapidly increasing the number of stores selling our products across Beijing and China as a whole, we have shifted our focus on promoting our name brand and products regionally, and increasing customer purchases on a per store basis.

Since we have been successful of promoting and selling our products through all of our distribution channels and networks, including B2B and B2C E-Commerce, and our brand names are becoming widely known, to support this growth, the Company has carefully planned to build more warehouses and plants and to acquire companies in the future that either fit in or expand Deyu product lines.  It also helps ease requests by many of our wholesalers and retail stores for providing other non-existing Deyu product lines.  Thus, we plan to make a few strategic acquisitions per year vertically or horizontally to sell either under our own brands name or theirs through our distribution networks.

 
- 5 -

 

 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations has been prepared by management based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with US GAAP.  The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates our critical accounting policies and estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, valuation of accounts receivable, property and equipment, long-lived assets, intangible assets, derivative liabilities and contingencies.  Estimates are based on historical experience and on various assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. These judgments and estimates affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods.  We consider the following accounting policies important in understanding our operating results and financial condition:

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted  accounting  principles requires management to make estimates and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date  of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Management makes its estimates based on historical experience and various other assumptions and information that are available and believed to be reasonable at the time the estimates are made.  Therefore, actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

Long-Lived Assets

We apply the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 360 (ASC 360), "Property, Plant, and Equipment" which addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets.  We periodically evaluate the carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and used in accordance with ASC 360, at least on an annual basis.  ASC 360 requires the impairment losses to be recorded on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets' carrying amounts.  In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived assets.  Loss on long-lived assets to be disposed of is determined in a similar manner, except that fair market values are reduced for the cost of disposal.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill is calculated as the purchase premium after adjust for the fair value of net assets acquired.  Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for potential impairment on an annual basis, or when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment, at the reporting unit level.  A reporting unit, as defined under applicable accounting guidance, is a business segment or one level below a business segment.  Under applicable accounting guidance, the goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test.  The first step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill.  If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step must be performed to measure potential impairment.

The second step involves calculating an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting unit for which the first step indicated possible impairment.  The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination, which is the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit, as determined in the first step, over the aggregate fair values of the assets, liabilities and identifiable intangibles as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination.  Measurement of the fair values of the assets and liabilities of a reporting unit is consistent with the requirements of the fair value measurements accounting guidance, which defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  The adjustments to measure the assets, liabilities, and intangibles at fair value are for the purpose of measuring the implied fair value of goodwill and such adjustments are not reflected in the consolidation balance sheet.  If the implied fair value of goodwill exceeds the goodwill assigned to the reporting unit, there is no impairment.  If the goodwill assigned to a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess.  An impairment loss recognized cannot exceed the amount of goodwill assigned to a reporting unit.  An impairment loss establishes a new basis in the goodwill and subsequent reversals of goodwill impairment losses are not permitted under applicable accounting guidance.  In 2010, goodwill was tested for impairment and it was determined that goodwill was not impaired as of December 31, 2010.  No indication of impairment was noted by management as of June 30, 2011.

 
- 6 -

 
 
For intangible assets subject to amortization, an impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of the intangible asset is not recoverable and exceeds fair value.  The carrying amount of the intangible asset is considered not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset.

Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements” (formerly SFAS No. 157) defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price and maximize the use of observable units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price.  It establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value.  This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available.  Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company.  Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.  The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:

 
·
Level 1 – Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.  Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.

 
·
Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

 
·
Level 3 – Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data.  The fair value for such assets and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

This guidance applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements.  On February 12, 2008, the FASB finalized FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (ASC 820).  This Staff Position delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 (ASC 820) for nonfinancial assets and liabilities to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 and interim periods within those fiscal years, except for those items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually).  The adoption of SFAS No. 157 (ASC 820) had no effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

We also analyze all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC 480-10 (formerly SFAS 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity”) and ASC 815-40 (formerly EITF 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock”).  We have determined ASC 480-10 (formerly SFAS 150) and ASC 815-40 (formerly EITF 00-19) has no material effect on our financial position or results of operations.

 
- 7 -

 

 
Revenue Recognition

Our revenue recognition policies are in compliance with the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (“SAB 104”).  We recognize product revenue when the following fundamental criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred, (iii) our price to the customer is fixed or determinable and (iv) collection of the resulting accounts receivable is reasonably assured.  We recognize revenue for product sales upon transfer of title to the customer.  Customer purchase orders and/or contracts are generally used to determine the existence of an arrangement.  Shipping documents and the completion of any customer acceptance requirements, when applicable, are used to verify product delivery or that services have been rendered.  The Company assesses whether a price is fixed or determinable based upon the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment.
 
Our revenue is recognized net of value-added tax (VAT), reductions to revenue for estimated product returns, and sales discounts based on volume achieved in the same period that the related revenue is recorded.  The estimates are based on historical sales returns, analysis of credit memo data, and other factors known at the time.  Commencing from year 2010, the Company’s general policy is to terminate the offering of sales discounts to customers. However, the Company may offer sales discounts as incentive for early payments from customers, although those should be infrequent. For the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, sales discounts were $58,912 and $392,000, respectively.

We offer a right of exchange on our grain products sold through our relationships with our network of grocery stores.  The consumer who purchases the product may exchange it for the same kind and quantity of product originally purchased.  In accordance with FASB ASC 605-15-25-1 and 605-15-15-2, these are not considered returns for revenue recognition purposes.  For the six months ended June 30, 2011, the returns of our products were not material.

Stock-Based Compensation

In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standard Board, or the FASB, issued the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment”, which replaces SFAS No. 123 and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25.  SFAS No. 123(R) is now included in the FASB’s ASC Topic 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.”  Under SFAS No. 123(R), companies are required to measure the compensation costs of share-based compensation arrangements based on the grant-date fair value and recognize the costs in the financial statements over the period during which employees or independent contractors are required to provide services.  Share-based compensation arrangements include stock options and warrants, restricted share plans, performance-based awards, share appreciation rights and employee share purchase plans.  In March 2005, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, or SAB 107, which expresses views of the staff regarding the interaction between SFAS No. 123(R) and certain SEC rules and regulations and provides the staff’s views regarding the valuation of share-based payment arrangements for public companies.  SFAS No. 123(R) permits public companies to adopt its requirements using one of two methods.  On April 14, 2005, the SEC adopted a new rule amending the compliance dates for SFAS No. 123(R).  Companies may elect to apply this statement either prospectively, or on a modified version of retrospective application under which financial statements for prior periods are adjusted on a basis consistent with the pro forma disclosures required for those periods under SFAS No. 123.

We have fully adopted the provisions of FASB ASC 718 and related interpretations as provided by SAB 107.  As such, compensation cost is measured on the date of grant as the fair value of the share-based payments.  Such compensation amounts, if any, are amortized over the respective vesting periods of the option grant.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes.”  ASC 740 requires a company to use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences.  Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases.  Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion, or all of, the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.
 
 
- 8 -

 

 
Under ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur.  The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination.  For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded.  The adoption had no effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Foreign Currency Translation and Comprehensive Income

U.S. GAAP requires that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income.  Certain statements, however, require entities to report specific changes in assets and liabilities, such as gain or loss on foreign currency translation, as a separate component of the equity section of the balance sheet.  Such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income.  The functional currency of the Company is Renminbi (RMB).  The unit of RMB is in Yuan.  Translation gains are classified as an item of other comprehensive income in the stockholders’ equity section of the consolidated balance sheet.

Recent Pronouncements

In January 2010, FASB issued an amendment regarding improving disclosures about fair value measurements.  This new guidance requires some new disclosures and clarifies some existing disclosure requirements about fair value measurement.  The new disclosures and clarifications of existing disclosures are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements in the roll forward of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements.  Those disclosures are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010 and for interim periods within those fiscal years.  There was no impact from the adoption of this guidance to our consolidated financial position or results of operations as the amendment only addresses disclosures.

In April 2010, FASB issued an amendment to Stock Compensation.  The amendment clarifies that an employee stock-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in the currency of a market in which a substantial portion of the entity’s equity shares trades should not be considered to contain a condition that is not a market, performance, or service condition.  Therefore, an entity would not classify such an award as a liability if it otherwise qualifies as equity.  The amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2010.  The adoption of this guidance had no impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations since our stock-based payment awards have an exercise price denominated in the same currency of the market in which our Company shares are traded.

In May 2011, FASB issued an amendment (ASU No. 2011-04) to Fair Value Measurement (ASC Topic 820).  In 2006, the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) published a Memorandum of Understanding, which has served as the foundation of the Board’s efforts to a common set of high quality global accounting standards.  Consistent with the Memorandum of Understanding and the Board’s commitment to achieving the goal, the amendments in this Update are the result of the work by the FASB and the IASB to develop common requirements for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements in accordance with U.S. GAAP and IFRS.  The adoption of this guidance had no impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations

In May 2011, FASB issued an amendment (ASU No. 2011-05) to Comprehensive Income (ASC Topic 220).  The amendment require that all nonowner changes in stockholders’ equity be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements.  In the two-statement approach, the first statement should present total net income and its components followed consecutively by a second statement that should present total other comprehensive income, the components of other comprehensive income, and the total of comprehensive income.  The Company had adopted this guidance to our consolidated financial statements as of and for the period ended June 30, 2011.

 
- 9 -

 

 
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2011 as compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2010
 
   
For The Three Months
Ended 
June 30,
             
   
2011
   
2010
   
Change
   
%
 
                         
Net revenue
 
$
52,039,275
   
$
18,468,570
   
 $
33,570,705
     
182
%
                                 
Cost of goods sold
   
(43,138,497
)
   
(13,722,057
)
   
(29,416,440
)
   
214
%
                                 
Gross Profit
   
8,900,778
     
4,746,513
     
4,154,265
     
88
%
                                 
Selling expenses
   
(3,921,797
)
   
(975,947
)
   
(2,945,850
)
   
302
%
General and administrative expenses
   
(2,260,318
)
   
(709,288
)
   
(1,551,030
)
   
219
%
Total Operating Expense
   
(6,182,115
)
   
(1,685,235
)
   
(4,496,880
)
   
267
                                 
Operating income
   
2,718,663
     
3,061,278
     
(342,615
)
   
(11
)%
                                 
Interest income
   
(6,221
)
   
2,553
     
(8,774
)
   
(344)
%
Interest expense
   
(137,446
)
   
(91,054
)
   
(46,392
)
   
51
%
Non-operating income
   
(40,231
)
   
-
     
(40,231
)
   
(100)
Total Other Expense
   
(183,898
)
   
(88,501
)
   
(95,397
)
   
108
%
                                 
Income before income taxes
   
2,534,765
     
2,972,777
     
(438,012
)
   
(15
)%
Income tax benefit
   
(138,042
)
           
(138,042
)
       
Net income
   
2,396,723
     
2,972,777
     
(576,054
)
   
(19
)%
                                 
Add : Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
   
841,530
     
-
     
841,530
     
100
Net income attributable to Deyu Agriculture Corp.
   
3,238,253
     
2,972,777
     
265,476
     
9
%
Preferred stock dividends
   
(132,459
)
   
(96,051
)
   
(36,408
)
   
38
%
                                 
Net income available to common stockholders
 
$
3,105,794
   
$
2,876,726
   
$
229,068
     
8
%
 
Net Revenue

Our revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2011 was $52.1 million compared with $18.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $33.6 million, or 182%, of which $18.7 million was attributable to corn sales, $14.1 million to simple processed grain sales and the remaining $0.8 million from deep processed grain sales.  The following table breaks down the distribution of our sales volume and amount by division and as a percentage of gross sales:
 
  
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2011
   
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2010
 
  
 
Sales
Volume
(ton)
   
Gross Sales
   
Less
Sales
Discount
   
Net Sales
   
% of
total
sales
   
Sales
Volume
(ton)
   
Gross Sales
   
Less
Sales
Discount
   
Net Sales
   
% of
total
sales
 
Corn Division
   
124,919
   
$
34,686,833
   
$
-
   
$
34,686,833
     
67
%
   
56,036
   
$
16,016,871
   
$
-
   
$
16,016,871
     
87
%
Simple Processed Grain
   
30,235
     
16,613,271
     
-
     
16,613,271
     
32
%
   
2,075
     
2,468,723
     
(17,024
)
   
2,451,699
     
13
%
Deep Processed Grain
           
798,081
     
(58,912
)
   
739,169
     
1
%
                   
-
     
-
     
-
 
                                                                                 
Total
   
155,154
   
$
52,098,185
   
$
(58,912
)
 
$
52,039,273
     
100
%
   
58,111
   
$
18,485,594
   
$
(17,024
)
 
$
18,468,570
     
100
%
  
 
- 10 -

 
 
Revenue from our corn division for the three months ended June 30, 2011 was approximately $34.7 million, an increase of $18.7 million, or approximately 117%, as compared to the same period in 2010.  This growth is attributable to the Company fully taking advantage of its regional strengths and environmental resources in Shanxi Province of mainland China, the strength and capacity of our warehouses, farmland and farmer-agent relationships to provide sufficient, steady and quality supply, and strong procurement of our distribution network and railroad stations.  Increased revenue is also attributable to the Company obtaining sufficient funds from loans and bank notes for corn purchases.

Revenue from our simple processed grain division for the three months ended June 30, 2011 was $16.6 million, an increase of $14.2 million, or 578%, as compared to the same period in 2010.  This increase is mainly attributable to the expansion of our operations, expansion of our sales force, the quality of sales personnel, superior leadership and strategies, strengths and influences derived from increases in our sales channels and retail stores, the quality of products and promotions on our name brand campaign and discounted prices.

Our unpacked grain business, which we deem to be a part of our Simple Processed Grain division which was added during the first quarter 2011, generated revenues of $7.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011.  This business had fully taken advantage of retail networks and sales channels to lure customers with selective purchase quantities and grain varieties during the three months ended June 30, 2011.

Another newly-added business in first quarter of 2011, the bulk purchase and wholesale of rice and flour, generated revenue of approximately $8.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011.  Since the Company had fully utilized its strengths and resources to develop this business section that comes with low maintenance costs, this section has gradually became a stable part of the Company’s revenue and net income.  We believe this business will gradually develop into and combine with "the China Grain Trading Center" project of Hebei YuGu Grain Co., Ltd., an entity which shall be incorporated by Detian Yu and Yalin Gu as described in Note 19 of the Financial Statements which are made a part of this report.

Revenue from our deep processed grain division for the three months ended June 30, 2011 was $0.8 million.  This division is still in a development stage in terms of business development, product development, market research, branding, consumers’ understanding and acceptance of our products.

Cost of Goods Sold
 
Cost of goods sold mainly consists of cost of raw materials, labor, utilities, manufacturing costs, manufacturing related depreciation and packaging costs.  Cost of goods sold was $43.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011, compared to cost of goods sold of $13.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $29.4 million, or 214%.  This increase in cost of goods sold is primarily due to the 182% increase in net revenues during the three months ended June 30, 2011.  As a percentage of net revenue, cost of goods sold increased 8.6% to 82.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2011 compared to 74.3% for three months ended June 30, 2010.  This increase in the cost of goods as a percentage of net revenue is attributable to the decreased margin of 16.8% of our corn division and the low margin of 8.8% of our bulk purchase and wholesale of rice and flour division.

Gross Profit
 
As a result of the increases in net revenues and cost of goods sold, gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2011 was $8.9 million, compared to gross profit of $4.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $4.1 million, or 88%.  Our gross profit margin decreased 8.6% to 17.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2011 as compared to 25.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2010. 

The decrease in gross margin was due to the decreasing margin of our corn division of 16.8% and lower margin of 8.8% of our bulk purchase and wholesale of rice and flour division.
 
Gross margin for our corn division was 16.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2011, compared to 21.6% for the three months ended June 30, 2010.   This lower margin was attributable to price competiveness in the beginning of the harvest season of corn with ample provision in the market. We believe the margin will be improved in following periods with our strengths of inventory quantity, warehousing capacity, improved procurement and security of supply.

 
- 11 -

 

 
Gross margin for our simple-processed grains division was 17.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2011, compared to 52.6% for the three months ended June 30, 2010.  The decrease was mainly attributable to the lower margin of 8.8% our newly added business of bulk purchase/wholesale of rice and flour, and the margin of 27.9% our unpacked grain business sold in supermarkets were included in this division; the fact that consumer agriculture products cannot reflect price increases of purchase costs in time; and the Company discounting some models of products which is in line with our strategy of increasing our market share in the relevant markets.

Our unpacked grain business, which we deem to be a part of our Simple Processed Grain division which was added during the first quarter 2011, generated revenues of $7.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011 with gross margins of approximately 27.9%, which was lower than the margin of three months ended March 31, 2011 due to the increase in quantity sold with a higher percentage of non-unique types of grains with lower margins.

An additional newly-added business in first quarter of 2011, the bulk purchase and wholesale of rice and flour, generated revenue of approximately $8.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011, having a gross margin of approximately 8.8%.  The margin has been consistent with our margin during the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Gross margin for our deep processed grain division was approximately 18.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2011.  The Company established its deep processed grain division during the second half of 2010 through acquisitions and research and development.  This division is still in the mode of market development. Until now, The Company is still selling with promoted discounting prices in order to enter the market and we lack full scale of production.  For the three months ended June 30, 2011, our new production lines and manufacturing plants were still in the test phase, and most of such products were produced through outsourcing.  All these factors contributed to a weakness of cost controls.  We believe margins will improve only after all of our lines and manufacturing plants are up and running and are more fully developed.
  
Selling Expenses
 
Selling expenses increased $3 million, or 302%, for the three months ended June 30, 2011 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2010.  Expenses increased to $4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011 from $1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010.  Such increase is mainly due to a revenue increase of 182% from the three months ended June 30, 2010 to the same period of 2011 for all variable costs of increases.  Some others included a freight cost increase, sales personnel cost an increases associated with increase of sales offices and sales channels, and marketing initiatives and advertisement costs which were non-existent during the second quarter of 2010.  As a percentage of net revenue, selling expenses were 7.6% of net revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2011, an increase of 2.3% from 5.3% of net revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2010.  Compared to 8.1% for three months ended March 31, 2011, as a percentage of revenue, selling expenses decreased to 7.6% for three months ended June 30, 2011.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses increased by $1.5 million to $2.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2011, or 218%, compared to $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010.  The increase was attributable to sales activity increases and business expansion.  As a percentage of net revenues, general and administrative expenses were 4.3% and 3.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and June 30, 2010, respectively, which represents an increase of 0.5%. 

Such increase is attributable to an increase of professional managers (or higher level) as a result of our Company becoming a public company in the US, including accounting, legal and consulting fees; the increase of rent and utilities mainly due to newly rented offices in Shanxi Province and Beijing; increases in travel and lodging expenses were attributable to increases of sales and business development activities during the three months ended June 30, 2011 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2010.

 
- 12 -

 

 
However, as a percentage of revenue, General and administrative expenses  decreased to 4.3% for three months ended June 30, 2011, as compared to 5.5% for three months ended March 31, 2011.

Interest Expense
 
Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2011 was $137,446, compared to interest expense of $91,054 for the comparable period in 2010, an increase of $46,392, or 51%.  This increase was mainly due to a short-term loan increase of $8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2010.

Provision for Income Taxes
 
Under the Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) Law of the PRC, the standard EIT rate is 25%.  Our PRC subsidiaries are subject to PRC income taxes on an entity basis on income arising in or derived from the tax jurisdiction in which they operate.  According to the Tax Pronouncement [2008] No. 149 issued by the State Administration of Tax of the PRC, the preliminary processing industry of agricultural products is entitled to EIT exemption starting January 1, 2008.  Three of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries located in Shanxi Province, including Jinzhong Deyu, Jinzhong Yongcheng, and Jinzhong Yuliang, are subject to the EIT exemption.  All of our other subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs are subject to the 25% EIT rate.  The operations of Detian Yu, Deyufarm, HaoLiangXin and Xinggu Deyufarm commenced late in the second half of 2010 and as a result, those entities had not been in a profitable position during the remainder of 2010 and therefore, were entitled to income tax benefits.

Net Income
 
Net income was $3.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011 compared to $2.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $0.2 million or 8%.

Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2011 as compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010
 
   
For The Six Months
Ended 
June 30,
             
   
2011
   
2010
   
Change
   
%
 
                         
Net revenue
 
$
93,471,536
   
$
32,915,852
   
 $
60,555,684
     
184
%
                                 
Cost of goods sold
   
(76,217,423
)
   
(24,658,176
)
   
(51,559,247
)
   
209
%
                                 
Gross Profit
   
17,254,113
     
8,257,676
     
8,996,437
     
109
%
                                 
Selling expenses
   
(7,295,052
)
   
(1,597,661
)
   
(5,697,391
)
   
357
%
General and administrative expenses
   
(4,546,913
)
   
(971,199
)
   
(3,575,714
)
   
368
%
Total Operating Expense
   
(11,841,965
)
   
(2,568,860
)
   
(9,273,105
)
   
361
                                 
Operating income
   
5,412,148
     
5,688,816
     
(276,668
)
   
(5
)%
                                 
Interest income
   
194
     
3,465
     
(3,271
)
   
(94)
%
Interest expense
   
(211,824
)
   
(152,591
)
   
(59,233
)
   
39
%
Non-operating income
   
4,746
             
4,746
      100
%
Total Other Expense
   
(206,884
)
   
(149,126
)
   
(57,758
)
   
39
%
                                 
Income before income taxes
   
5,205,264
     
5,539,690
     
(334,426
)
   
(6
)%
Income tax benefit
   
488,208
     
-
     
488,208
      100
%
Net income
   
5,693,472
     
5,539,690
     
153,782
     
3
%
Add : Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
   
985,713
     
-
     
985,713
     
100
Net income attributable to Deyu Agriculture Corp.
   
6,679,185
     
5,539,690
     
1,139,495
     
21
%
Preferred stock dividends
   
(230,146
)
   
(96,051
)
   
(134,095
)
   
140
%
                                 
Net income available to common stockholders
 
$
6,449,039
   
$
5,443,639
   
$
1,005,400
     
19
%
 
 
- 13 -

 
 
Net Revenue

Our revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $93.5 million compared with $32.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $60.6 million, or 184%, of which $28.2 million was attributable to corn sales, $29.6 million to simple processed grain sales and the remaining $2.8 million from deep processed grain sales.  The following table breaks down the distribution of our sales volume and amount by division and as a percentage of gross sales:
 
  
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2011
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010
 
  
 
Sales
Volume
(ton)
   
Gross Sales
   
Less
Sales
Discount
   
Net Sales
   
% of
total
sales
   
Sales
Volume
(ton)
   
Gross Sales
   
Less
Sales
Discount
   
Net Sales
   
% of
total
sales
 
Corn Division
   
191,819
   
$
55,178,759
   
$
-
   
$
55,178,759
     
59
%
   
98,595
   
$
26,961,512
   
$
-
   
$
26,961,512
     
82
%
Simple Processed Grain
   
43,262
     
35,505,989
     
-
     
35,505,989
     
38
%
   
5,933
     
6,346,340
     
(392,000
)
   
5,954,340
     
18
%
Deep Processed Grain
   
-
     
2,845,700
     
(58,912
)
   
2,786,788
     
3
%
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
                                                                                 
Total
   
235,081
   
$
93,530,448
   
$
(58,912
)
 
$
93,471,536
     
100
%
   
104,528
   
$
33,307,852
     
(392,000
)
 
$
32,915,852
     
100
%
 
Revenue from our corn division for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was approximately $55.2 million, an increase of $28.2 million, or approximately 105%, as compared to the same period in 2010.  This growth is attributable to the Company fully taking advantage of its regional strengths and environmental resources in Shanxi Province of mainland China, the strength and capacity of our warehouses, farmland and farmer-agent relationships to provide sufficient, steady and quality supply, and strong procurement of our  distribution network and railroad stations. Increased revenue is also attributable to the Company obtaining sufficient funds from loans and bank notes for corn purchases.

Revenue from our simple processed grain division for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $35.5 million, an increase of $29.6 million, or 496%, as compared to the same period in 2010.  This increase is mainly attributable to the expansion of our operations, expansion of our sales force, the quality of sales personnel, superior leadership and strategies, strengths and influences derived from increases in our sales channels and retail stores, the quality of products and promotions on our name brand campaign and discounted prices.

Our unpacked grain business, which we deem to be a part of our Simple Processed Grain division which was added during the first quarter 2011, generated revenues of $13.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011.  This business had fully taken advantage of retail networks and sales channels to lure customers with selective purchase quantities and grain varieties during the six months ended June 30, 2011.

Another newly-added business in first quarter of 2011, the bulk purchase and wholesale of rice and flour, generated revenue of approximately $21.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011.  Since the Company had fully utilized its strengths and resources to develop this business section that comes with low maintenance costs, this section has gradually became a stable part of the Company’s revenue and net income.  We believe this business will gradually develop into and combine with "the China Grain Trading Center" project of Hebei YuGu Grain Co., Ltd., an entity which shall be incorporated by Detian Yu and Yalin Gu as described in Note 19 of the Financial Statements which are made a part of this report.
  
 
- 14 -

 

 
Revenue from our deep processed grain division for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $2.8 million.  This division is still in a development stage in terms of business development, product development, market research, branding, consumers’ understanding and acceptance of our products.

Cost of Goods Sold
 
Cost of goods sold mainly consists of cost of raw materials, labor, utilities, manufacturing costs, manufacturing related depreciation and packaging costs.  Cost of goods sold was $76.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to cost of goods sold of $24.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $51.5 million, or 209%.  This increase in cost of goods sold is primarily due to the 184% increase in net revenues during the six months ended June 30, 2011.  As a percentage of net revenue, cost of goods sold increased 6.6% to 81.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2011 compared to 74.9% for six months ended June 30, 2010.  The increase in the cost of goods as percentage of net revenue is attributable to the decreasing margin of 19.8% of our corn division, the low margin of 9.5% of bulk purchase and wholesale of rice and flour division and low margin of 17.5% of our deep processed grain division.

Gross Profit
 
As a result of the increases in net revenues and cost of goods sold, gross profits for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $17.3 million, compared to gross profits of $8.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $9.0 million, or 109%.  Gross profit margin decreased 6.6% to 18.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2011 as compared to 25.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2010. 

The decrease in gross margin was due to the decreasing margin of 19.8% of our corn division, the low margin of 9.5% of bulk purchase and wholesale of rice and flour division and low margin of 17.5% of deep processed grain division.

Gross margin for our corn division was 19.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to 21.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2010.  This lower margin was attributable to price competiveness in the beginning of the harvest season of corn with ample provision in the market. We believe the margin will be improved in following periods with our strengths of inventory quantity, warehousing capacity, improved procurement and security of supply.
 
Gross margin for our simple-processed grains division was 16.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2011, a decrease of 26.8 % from 43.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2010.  The decrease was mainly attributable to the lower margin of 9.5% our newly added business of bulk purchase/wholesale of rice and flour, and the margin of 27.5% our unpacked grain business sold in supermarkets were included in this division; the fact that consumer agriculture products cannot reflect price increases of purchase costs in time; and the Company discounting some models of products which is in line with our strategy of increasing our market share in the relevant markets.

Our unpacked grain business, which we deem to be a part of our Simple Processed Grain division which was added during the first quarter 2011, generated revenues of $13.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 with gross margins of approximately 27.5%.  Higher margins in this section as compared to our other traditional simple processed grain segment are due to selective provisions of unique types of grains to customize product choices demanded by different types of customers for a variety of needs; exclusive rights in most supermarket and the Company taking advantage of procurement, resources of supply, sales channels and name brand effects.

An additional newly-added business in first quarter of 2011, the bulk purchase and wholesale of rice and flour, generated revenue of approximately $21.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, having a gross margin of approximately 9.5%.  The margin has been consistent throughout six months ended June 30, 2011.

Gross margin for our deep processed grain division was approximately 17.54% for the six months ended June 30, 2011.  The Company established its deep processed grain division during the second half of 2010 through acquisitions and research and development.  This division is still in the mode of market development. Until now, The Company is still selling with promoted discounting prices in order to enter the market and we lack full scale of production.  For the six months ended June 30, 2011, our new production lines and manufacturing plants were still in the test phase, and most of such products were produced through outsourcing.  All these factors contributed to a weakness of cost controls.  We believe margins will improve only after all of our lines and manufacturing plants are up and running and are more fully developed.

 
- 15 -

 
 
Selling Expenses
 
Selling expenses increased $5.7 million, or 357%, to $7.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 as compared to $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010.  Such increase is mainly due to revenue increase of 184% from the six months ended June 30, 2010 to same period of 2011 for all variable costs of increases.  Other factors include a freight cost increase, sales personnel cost increases associated with increase of sales offices and sales channels, and marketing initiatives and advertisement costs which were non-existent during the same period of 2010.  As a percentage of net revenue, selling expenses were 7.9% of net revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2011, an increase of 3% from 4.9% of net revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2010.

General and Administrative Expenses

The following table breaks down our General and Administrative Expenses:
 
  
  
For The Six Months
Ended
June 30,
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
2011
  
  
2010
  
  
Change
  
  
%
  
                         
Payroll, welfare, and bonuses
 
$
2,132,506
   
$
268,684
   
$
1,863,822
     
694
%
Professional service expense
   
582,292
     
133,754
     
448,538
     
335
%
Rent and utilities
   
579,725
     
64,551
     
515,174
     
798
%
Travel and lodging expense
   
329,312
     
152,767
     
176,545
     
116
%
Depreciation & amortization
   
223,547
     
61,653
     
161,894
     
263
%
Office expense
   
136,970
     
83,317
     
53,653
     
64
%
Meals and Entertainment expense
   
171,454
     
77,931
     
93,523
     
120
%
Others
   
391,107
     
128,542
     
262,565
     
204
%
Total
 
$
4,546,913
   
$
971,199
   
$
3,575,714
     
368
%

General and administrative expenses increased by $3.6 million to $4.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2011, or 368%, compared to $1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010.  The increase was attributable to sales activity increases and business expansion.  As a percentage of net revenues, general and administrative expenses were 4.9% and 3% for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and June 30, 2010, respectively, which represents an increase of 1.9%. 

Such increase is attributable to an increase of professional managers (or higher level) as a result of our Company becoming a public company in the US, including accounting, legal and consulting fees; the increase of rent and utilities mainly due to newly rented offices in Shanxi Province and Beijing; increases in travel and lodging expenses were attributable to increases of sales and business development activities, during the six months ended June 30, 2011 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2010.

Interest Expense
 
Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $211,824, compared to interest expense of $152,591 for the comparable period in 2010, an increase of $59,233, or 39%.  This increase was mainly due to short-term loan increase of $8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2010.

 
- 16 -

 

 
Provision for Income Taxes
 
Under the Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) Law of the PRC, the standard EIT rate is 25%.  Our PRC subsidiaries are subject to PRC income taxes on an entity basis on income arising in or derived from the tax jurisdiction in which they operate.  According to the Tax Pronouncement [2008] No. 149 issued by the State Administration of Tax of the PRC, the preliminary processing industry of agricultural products is entitled to EIT exemption starting January 1, 2008.  Six of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries located in Shanxi Province, including Jinzhong Deyu, Jinzhong Yongcheng, and Jinzhong Yuliang, are subject to the EIT exemption.  All of our other subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs are subject to the 25% EIT rate.  The operations of Detian Yu, Deyufarm, HaoLiangXin and Xinggu Deyufarm commenced late in the second half of 2010 and as a result, those entities had not been in a profitable position during the remainder of 2010 and therefore, were entitled to income tax benefits.

Net Income
 
Net income, prior to the adjustment for the June 30, 2011 preferred stock dividend, was $6.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 compared to $5.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $1.2 million or 21%.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
The following summarizes the key components of our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
  
  
2011
  
  
2010
  
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
  
$
(37,193,808
)  
  
$
(1,344,143
)  
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
   
(2,434,703
   
(2,450,411
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
   
42,708,655
     
10,740,621
 
Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents
   
73,545
     
64,128
 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
 
$
3,153,689
   
$
7,010,195
 

For the six months ended June 30, 2011, net cash used in operating activities totaled approximately $37.2 million, an increase of approximately $35.8 million, or 2,667%, from approximately $1.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2010.  This decrease is primarily attributable to our ramping up sales activities of both our corn and simple processed grain divisions, particularly on our corn revenue’s substantial growth.  Our corn business requires seed provision and cash payments to farmers and their agents before accounts receivable can be collected through terms with our customers.  This decrease is also attributable to our inventory increase by $25.8 million and our accounts receivable increase by $15.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 as compared to same period ended June 30, 2010.

For the six months ended June 30, 2011, net cash used in investing activities was approximately $2.4 million, a decrease of approximately $0.1 million, or 1%, from approximately $2.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2010. 

Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was approximately $42.7 million, an increase of approximately $32 million, or 298%, from approximately $10.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2010.  This increase of $32 million is primarily attributable to a $12.9 million increase of short-term loans from related parties, an $8 million increase of short-term loans from banks and others, a $26.3 million increase of short-term bank acceptance notes and a $10.1 million increase of cash restricted for short-term bank loans and notes.

We believe that our current levels of cash, cash flows from operations, and bank, related party and unrelated party borrowings will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for at least the next 12 months. However, we may need additional cash resources in the future if we experience changed business conditions or other developments. We may also need additional cash resources in the future if we find and wish to pursue opportunities for investment, acquisition, strategic cooperation or other similar actions. If we ever determine that our cash requirements exceed our amounts of cash and cash equivalents on hand, we may seek to issue debt or equity securities or obtain a credit facility. Any future issuance of equity securities could cause dilution to our shareholders. Any incurrence of indebtedness could increase our debt service obligations and cause us to be subject to restrictive operating and financial covenants. It is possible that, when we need additional cash resources, financing will only be available to us in amounts or on terms that would not be acceptable to us, if at all.

 
- 17 -

 

 
Summary of Certain Liquidity Events

In connection with an exchange agreement, on April 27, 2010, we issued an aggregate of 8,736,932 shares of our common stock to the shareholders of City Zone.  We received in exchange from the City Zone shareholders 100% of the shares of City Zone, which exchange resulted in City Zone becoming our wholly owned subsidiary.  Immediately after the share exchange, we entered into a purchase agreement with certain accredited investors for the issuance and sale in a private placement of units, consisting of, 2,455,863 shares of our Series A convertible preferred stock and Series A warrants to purchase up to 982,362 shares of our common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $10,805,750.

On November 4, 2010, our Board of Directors approved the Company’s 2010 Share Incentive Plan.  Under that Plan, 1,000,000 shares of our common stock shall be allocated to and authorized for use pursuant to the terms of the Plan.  On November 8, 2010, a total of 931,000 non-qualified incentive stock options were approved by our Board of Directors and granted under the Plan to executives, key employees, independent directors, and consultants at an exercise price of $4.40 per share and on December 15, 2010, 40,000 non-qualified incentive stock shares were approved by our Board of Directors and granted under the Plan to a consultant at an exercise price of $4.40 per share, of which shall vest as follows:
 
33 1/3% of the option grants vested one (1) month after the date of grant;
33 1/3% of the option grants will vest twelve (12) months after the date of grant; and
33 1/3% of the option grants will vest twenty-four (24) months after the date of grant.

On November 5, 2011, we filed a registration statement with the SEC on Form S-8 covering the shares underlying the options set forth above.  As of June 30, 2011, none of the options issued pursuant to the Plan have been exercised.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, financings, or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons, also known as “special purpose entities”.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Smaller reporting companies are not required to provide this information.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

(a)           Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. At the conclusion of the period ended June 30, 2011 we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of June 30, 2011, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and adequately designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms and that such information was accumulated and communicated to our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, in a manner that allowed for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. 

 
- 18 -

 

 
(b)       Changes in internal controls.  There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are currently not involved in any litigation that we believe could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. To our knowledge, there is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of our executive officers or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting us, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or any of our companies or our companies’ subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.
 
Smaller reporting companies are not required to provide this information.
 
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
 
None.

Item 4. (Removed and Reserved).
 
Item 5. Other Information.
 
None.

Item 6. Exhibits.
 
2.1
Share Exchange Agreement Dated April 27, 2010 (1)

3.1
Articles of Incorporation of Deyu Agriculture Corp. (2)

3.2
Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation of Deyu Agriculture Corp. (3)

3.3
Bylaws of Deyu Agriculture Corp. (2)

4.1
Certificate of Designation of Rights and Preferences of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (1)

4.2
Form of Series A Warrant (1)

10.1
Securities Purchase Agreement Dated April 27, 2010 (1)

10.2
Registration Rights Agreement Dated April 27, 2010 (1)

10.3
Form of Lock-Up Agreement Dated April 27, 2010 (1)

 
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10.4
Securities Escrow Agreement Dated April 27, 2010 (1)

10.5
Placement Agent Agreement between the Company and Maxim Group, LLC dated January 27, 2010(6)

10.6
Share Transfer Agreement between Hong Wang and Yam Sheung Kwok dated April 26, 2010 (6)

10.7
Share Transfer Agreement between Jianming Hao and Yam Sheung Kwok dated April 26, 2010 (6)

10.8
Share Transfer Agreement between Wenjun Tian and Yam Sheung Kwok dated April 26, 2010 (6)

10.9
Share Transfer Agreement between Yongqing Ren and Yam Sheung Kwok dated April 26, 2010 (6)

10.10
Share Transfer Agreement between Junde Zhang and Yam Sheung Kwok dated April 26, 2010 (6)

10.11
Employment Agreement between David Lethem, as Chief Financial Officer, and the Company dated June 18, 2010 (4)

10.12
Certificate from China Organic Food Certification Center dated December 21, 2009 (6)

10.13
Corn Purchase Letter of Intent between Shanghai Yihai Trading Co., Ltd., Shanxi Office and Jinzhong Yuliang Agricultural Trading Co., Limited dated December 20, 2009 (6)

10.14
Warehouse Lease Agreement between Shanxi 661 Warehouse and Jinzhong Yongcheng Agricultural Trading Co., Limited dated December 21, 2006 (6)

10.15
Warehouse Lease Agreement between Shanxi Means of Production Company, Yuci Warehouse (formerly, the 671 Warehouse) and Jinzhong Yongcheng Agricultural Trading Co., Limited dated December 28, 2008 (6)
  
10.16
Railway Lease Agreement between Shanxi Cereal & Oil Group, Mingli Reservation Depot and Jinzhong Yongcheng Agriculture Trading Co., Limited dated December 21, 2006 (6)

10.17
Railway Lease Agreement between Shanxi Yuci Cereal Reservation Depot and Jinzhong Yongcheng Agriculture Trading Co., Limited dated November 15, 2007 (6)

10.18
Railway Lease Agreement between Yuci Dongzhao Railway Freight Station and Jinzhong Yongcheng Agriculture Trading Co., Limited dated December 21, 2006 (6)

10.19
Agricultural Technology Cooperation Agreement between Jinzhong Deyu Agriculture Trading Co., Ltd. and Millet Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science dated October 2007 (6)

10.20
Agricultural Technology Cooperation Agreement between Sorghum Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Jinzhong Deyu Agriculture Trading Co., Ltd. dated August 24, 2008 (6)

10.21
Certificate of Forest Rights for the Yuci Forest Right Certificate (2005) No. 01518 dated August 11, 2006 (6)

10.22
Farmland Transfer Agreement between Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Ltd. and Shanxi Jinbei Plant Technology Co, Ltd. dated September 30, 2010 (6)

10.23
Land Use Rights Acquisition Contract Dated September 30, 2010 (5)

10.24
Deyu Agriculture Corp. 2010 Share Incentive Plan (7)

10.25
Exclusive Management and Consulting Service Agreement, dated November 16, 2010, by and between Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited and Beijing Jundaqianyuan Investment Management Co., Ltd. (English translated version) (8)

 
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10.26
Exclusive Management and Consulting Service Agreement, dated November 16, 2010, by and between Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited and Jinzhong Longyue Investment Consulting Co., Ltd. (English translated version) (8)

10.27
Business Cooperation Agreement, dated November 16, 2010, by and between Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited and Beijing Jundaqianyuan Investment Management Co., Ltd. (English Translated Version) (8)

10.28
Business Operation Agreement, dated November 16, 2010, by and among Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited, Beijing Jundaqianyuan Investment Management Co., Ltd. and each of the shareholders of Beijing Jundaqianyuan Investment Management Co., Ltd. (English translated version) (8)

10.29
Business Operation Agreement, dated November 16, 2010, by and among Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited, Jinzhong Longyue Investment Consulting Co., Ltd. and both of the shareholders of Jinzhong Longyue Investment Consulting Co., Ltd. (English translated version) (8)

10.30
Share Pledge Agreement, dated November 16, 2010, by and among Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited and the following shareholders of Beijing Jundaqianyuan Investment Management Co., Ltd.: Tian Wenjun, Hao Jianming, Yang Jianhui, Zhou Jianbin, Ren Li, Ren Yongqing, Zhang Junde and Wang Tao (English translated version) (8)
 
10.31
Share Pledge Agreement, dated November 16, 2010, by and among Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited and the following shareholders of Jinzhong Longyue Investment Consulting Co., Ltd.: Zhao Jing and Zhao Peilin (English translated version) (8) 
 
10.32
Form of Power of Attorney (English translated version) (8)

10.33
Equity Acquisition Option Agreement, dated November 16, 2010,  by and among Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited and the following shareholders of Beijing Jundaqianyuan Investment Management Co., Ltd.: Tian Wenjun, Hao Jianming, Yang Jianhui, Zhou Jianbin, Ren Li, Ren Yongqing, Zhang Junde and Wang Tao (English translated version) (8)

10.34
Equity Acquisition Option Agreement, dated November 16, 2010,  by and among Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited and the following shareholders of Jinzhong Longyue Investment Consulting Co., Ltd.: Zhao Jing and Zhao Peilin (English translated version) (8)

10.35
Business Cooperation Agreement, dated November 16, 2010, by and between Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co. Limited and Jinzhong Longyue Investment Consulting Co., Ltd. (English Translated Version) (8)

10.36
Village Collective Farmland Transfer Agreement, dated December 20, 2010, by and between Detian Yu Biotechnology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Shanxi Jinbei Plant Technology Development Co., Ltd. (English Translated and Mandarin Versions) (9)

10.37
Contract of Agreement, effective as of January 10, 2011,  by and between Deyu Agriculture Corp. and Charlie Lin (10)

10.38
Cooperation Agreement, by and between the Administration Committee of Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city and Tianjin Detian Yu (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., dated June 16, 2011 (English translated and Chinese versions) (13)

14.1
Code of Conduct (6)

16.1
Letter from Auditor (11)

21
List of Subsidiaries (12)

 
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31.1
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*

31.2
Certifications of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*

32.1
Certification Pursuant To 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant To Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002*

32.2
Certification Pursuant To 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant To Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002*

99.1
Audit Committee Charter adopted August 19, 2010 (6)
 
(1)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K filed on May 3, 2010.
(2)
Incorporated by reference to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on July 8, 2009.
(3)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K filed on June 4, 2010.
(4)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K filed on June 18, 2010.
(5)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K filed on October 6, 2010.
(6)
Incorporated by reference to our Form S-1/A filed on October 21, 2010.
(7)
Incorporated by reference to our Form S-8 filed on November 5, 2010.
(8)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K filed on November 17, 2010.
(9)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K filed on December 21, 2010.
(10)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K filed on January 10, 2011.
(11)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K filed on May 3, 2010.
(12)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 10-K filed on March 31, 2011
(13)
Incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K filed on June 21, 2011
 
* Filed herewith.
 
 
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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
DEYU AGRICULTURE CORP.
 
Signature
 
Title
 
Date
         
/s/ Jianming Hao
 
Chief Executive Officer, Principal Executive Officer
 
August 15, 2011
Jianming Hao
       
         
/s/ Charlie Lin
 
Chief Financial Officer, Principal Financial and Accounting Officer
 
August 15, 2011
Charlie Lin
       
 
 
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