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EX-32.1 - EX-32.1 - OPNEXT INC | v59741exv32w1.htm |
EX-23.1 - EX-23.1 - OPNEXT INC | v59741exv23w1.htm |
EX-32.2 - EX-32.2 - OPNEXT INC | v59741exv32w2.htm |
EX-31.1 - EX-31.1 - OPNEXT INC | v59741exv31w1.htm |
EX-31.2 - EX-31.2 - OPNEXT INC | v59741exv31w2.htm |
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011
Commission file number 001-33306
Opnext, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
22-3761205 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
46429 Landing Parkway, Fremont, California (Address of principal executive office) |
94538 (Zip Code) |
(510) 580-8828
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
Common Stock, $0.01 par value | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:
None
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act of 1933. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section
13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation
S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer þ | Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Act). Yes o No þ
As of September 30, 2010, the aggregate market value of the registrants voting and non-voting
common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $86,292,148.64, based upon
the closing sales price of the registrants common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market on
September 30, 2010 of $1.57 per share.
As of June 9, 2011, 90,283,473 shares of the registrants common stock were outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the proxy statement for the registrants 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K Report.
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2
Table of Contents
PART I
Item 1. Business
Business Description
Opnext, Inc. (which may be referred to in this Form 10-K as the Company, we, us, or
our) is a designer and manufacturer of optical components, modules and subsystems for
communications uses. The majority of our revenue is derived from the sale of high speed optical
communications products related to the transmission and reception of high speed optical signals
over optical fiber. We sell our products, which enable high speed network connectivity to address
the increasing data usage by the global population, to other businesses. Additionally, we sell
infrared and visible light optical devices for industrial and commercial use.
Our optical communications components consist of discrete transmitters and receivers typically
consisting of a hermetically packaged compound semiconductor laser or photodetector. These
components utilize internally fabricated or externally sourced lasers or photodetectors built from
InP (indium phosphide) or GaAs (gallium arsenide) compound semiconductor materials systems. Our
optical transceiver modules, which often use our components, convert signals between electrical and
optical for transmitting and receiving data over fiber optic networks, providing the physical
communications interface for both data communications and telecommunications systems. These
optical transceiver modules are used for both client-side interfaces generally consisting of short
distance dedicated fiber cables as well as line-side interfaces consisting of long distance
transmission with shared fiber cable and amplification media. Our subsystems and custom designs,
which utilize our transmission and photonics know-how, optimize performance for high speed
transport networks. Our subsystems generally specialize in 40Gbps and 100Gbps long distance optical
communications. Our expertise in mixed-signal high frequency transmission, core semiconductor laser
technology and other optical communications technologies has enabled us to create a broad portfolio
of products that address demands for higher speeds, optimized long-haul links, wider temperature
ranges, smaller sizes, lower power consumption and greater reliability.
Most of our customers are engaged in the design, manufacturing and service of optical
communication systems for telecommunications and data communications networks. We view ourselves as
a strategic vendor to our customers. Our customers include many of the leading telecommunications
and data communications network systems vendors such as Alcatel-Lucent, Cisco Systems, Inc. and
subsidiaries (Cisco), Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd (Huawei) and Nokia Siemens Networks (NSN).
Through our direct sales force supported by manufacturer representatives and distributors, we sell
products to network systems vendors throughout the Americas, Europe, Japan and the rest of the Asia
Pacific region. We also supply components to several major transceiver module companies and sell
into select industrial and commercial applications where we can apply our core laser capabilities,
such as mini projectors, defense products, laser projection, medical systems, display applications,
laser printers and barcode scanners.
We were founded in September 2000 as a subsidiary of Hitachi Ltd. (Hitachi) and subsequently
spun out of Hitachis fiber optic components business. We draw upon a nearly 40-year history of
fundamental laser research, manufacturing excellence and product development that has helped create
several technological innovations, including the creation of 10Gbps and 40Gbps laser technologies.
We work closely with Hitachis renowned research laboratories to conduct research and commercialize
products based on fundamental laser and photodetector technology. These research efforts have
enabled us to develop market leadership in the 10Gbps and 40Gbps transceiver module market and are
supporting our development of differentiated products for emerging higher-speed markets, such as
the 40GbE and 100Gbps markets.
Since our founding, we have acquired and integrated three businesses and, in February 2007, we
completed our initial public offering and the listing of our common shares on the NASDAQ market.
Prior to our IPO, we acquired Pine Photonics Communications, Inc., a transceiver module company
that expanded our product line of SFP transceivers with data rates less than 10Gbps, and Hitachis
opto device business, which is the foundation of our industrial and commercial product line. Our
most recent acquisition, StrataLight Communications, Inc. (StrataLight), a high-speed data
transport company, was completed on January 9, 2009, and complements our core of high speed client
technologies.
The Companys annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on
Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports are made available free of charge through the
Investor Relations section of the Companys website at http://www.opnext.com as soon as practicable
after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The information
contained on the Companys website or connected to our website is not incorporated by reference
into this annual report on Form 10-K and should not be considered part of this report.
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Industry Background
Networks are frequently described in terms of the distances they span and the hardware and
software protocols used to transport and store data. The physical medium through which signals are
best transmitted over these networks depends on the distance involved and the amount of data or
bandwidth to be transmitted, often expressed as gigabits per second, or Gbps. Voice-grade copper
wire can only support connections of about two kilometers without the use of repeaters to amplify
the signal. At speeds of greater than 1 Gbps the ability of copper wire to transmit more than 300
meters is limited due to the degradation of the signal over distance as well as interference from
external signal generating equipment. Optical systems, on the other hand, can carry signals in
excess of 80 kilometers at speeds of 10 Gbps without further processing. For networks with longer
links, such as submarine or inter-continental spans, long haul or coast-to-coast spans, or regional
spans, the distances range from a few hundred to thousands of kilometers and the signaling is
almost exclusively transmitted optically. These long distances require processing and
amplification in order for the signal to be transmitted without errors.
Telephone networks historically spanned longer distances and demanded higher performance than
early computer networks. Early computer networks had relatively limited performance requirements,
short connection distances and low transmission speeds and, therefore, relied almost exclusively on
copper wire as the medium of choice. Accordingly, telephone network service providers were the
first adopters of fiber optic communications technology, especially for links spanning hundreds of
kilometers.
Over the past two decades, the proliferation of electronic commerce, communications and
broadband entertainment has resulted in the digitization and accumulation of enormous amounts of
data. The growth of computer networks, the Internet, mobile computing and high-bandwidth intensive
applications such as video and music downloads and streaming, on-line gaming and peer-to-peer file
sharing has placed greater requirements on the former telephone networks to transport an increased
amount of data traffic. These applications drive increased network utilization across the core and
at the edge of wireline, wireless and cable networks, challenging network service providers to
supply increasing bandwidth to their customers. This has caused telecommunications network service
providers to install fiber optic cable connections progressively closer to the end user in an
effort to transmit more data at a lower operating cost. Thus, while copper continues to be the
primary medium used for delivering signals to the desktop, the need to quickly transmit, store and
retrieve large blocks of data in a cost-effective manner has increasingly required service
providers to add high-speed network access such as Wi-Fi, WiMAX, and 3G/4G and to expand the
capacity, or bandwidth, of their networks by using fiber optic technology to transmit data at
higher speeds and over greater distances.
Additionally, in data communications, enterprises and institutions are managing the rapidly
escalating demands for data and bandwidth and are upgrading and deploying their own high-speed
local, storage and wide-area networks, also called LANs, SANs and WANs, respectively. These
deployments increase the ability to utilize high-bandwidth applications that are growing in
importance to their organizations and also increase utilization across telecommunications networks
as this traffic leaves the LANs, SANs and WANs and travels over the network service providers edge
and core networks.
Telecommunications and data communications network service providers are laboring under common
objectives of moving an increasing amount of data traffic. As a result, network service providers
are converging traditionally separate networks for delivering voice, video and data into IP-based
integrated networks. These formerly distinct networks are increasingly using optical networking
technologies capable of supporting higher speeds with additional features and greater flexibility
to accommodate greater bandwidth requirements.
Mirroring the convergence of telecommunications and data communications networks, network
systems vendors are increasingly addressing both telecommunications and data communications
applications. Traditional telecommunications network systems vendors, such as NSN and
Alcatel-Lucent, and traditional data communications network systems vendors, such as Cisco, are
producing optical systems increasingly based on 10Gbps, 40Gbps and 100Gbps speeds, including
multi-service switches, DWDM (Dense Wave Division Multiplexing) transport terminals, access
multiplexers, routers, and Ethernet switches.
Faced with technological and cost challenges, network system vendors are focusing on their
core competencies of software and systems integration, and are relying upon established subsystem,
module and component suppliers for the design, development and supply of critical hardware
components such as products that perform the optical transmit and receive functions. Network system
vendors rely upon optical component designers and manufacturers such as us to provide their optical
interface technologies.
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Standardization in the Optical Communications Industry
As a subset of the communications industry, the optical component industry typically relies on
standard interfaces and form factors for products to insure that point A can communicate with point
B. However, different network system vendors and even different
systems designed by the same vendor may use a different level of product integration
ranging from a fully integrated subsystem to an optical module to a discrete optical component
while still complying with industry standard interfaces.
There are two broad categories of standardization in the optical communications industry. The
first is industry standard interfaces that specify the frequency of light, data structure, detailed
optical and electrical parameters, and data encoding. These are usually specified by international
standards bodies such as the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) and the ITU
(International Telecommunication Union). Some examples include 10 Gigabit Ethernet and DWDM
channel grid used primarily in telecommunications networks. The second broad category is a
mechanical and electrical definition of a form factor generally specified as Multi-Source
Agreements (MSAs). Many customers use these MSAs as a framework for the design of their new
systems. These MSAs specify the mechanical dimensions, electrical interface, diagnostic and
management features and other key specifications, such as heat and electrical interference, of the
form factor and enable network systems vendors to plan their new systems accordingly. We were
founders or early members of successfully adopted 10Gbps MSAs such as 300 pin, XENPAK, X2, SFP+,
XLMD and XMD. In 2009, we were a founding member of a group that announced an industry MSA for
40Gbps and 100Gbps modules called CFP. We are also providing technical leadership in the Optical
Internetworking Forum for developing MSAs for 100Gbps long-haul DWDM applications.
Our products typically comply both with the industry standard interfaces as well as with
MSA-defined form factors. The existence of these standards generally increases the level of
competition, yet the two layers of standardization facilitate market expansion and reduce the risk
that a custom design might never achieve mass deployment. Additionally, from the optical systems
vendor to the network service provider, there is higher confidence to deploy standards-based
equipment and interfaces more rapidly and widely. This confidence stems from the reduced supply
risk as well as the backwards and forwards compatibility that industry standards provide.
Within the constraints of these industry standards, optical subsystems, module and component
companies still face significant technology challenges. We need to provide products that
incorporate improved semiconductor laser technology and improved mixed-signal logic that address
performance, power consumption, operating temperature and size, all of which are inter-related
primary challenges, while also meeting customers stringent demands for product reliability and low
cost. The following are some of the primary technical challenges we encounter in designing and
bringing our products to market:
| The Power Challenge. Modules that operate at 10Gbps and 40Gbps consume two to more than five times as much electrical power as modules operating at the preceding data rate, and the power challenges are expected to become more difficult as the industry moves toward 100Gbps. Network service providers generally have fixed, limited space in their network central offices, closets, and data centers to house network equipment, creating de facto standards on the physical size allowed for each piece of network equipment regardless of data rate. To offer increasingly higher-speed systems, network system vendors need more efficient modules to support greater port density while adhering to power supply and cooling system constraints. These constraints drive the need for laser technology with higher temperature tolerance and improved efficiency, which reduces power consumption and enables smaller form factor modules to be used. Most carriers and system vendors also now have well established green programs and award preference to suppliers that help them reduce their carbon footprint through lower power consumption. | ||
| The Temperature Challenge. Within an optical module, the laser diode is the component most sensitive to temperature. As a result, 10Gbps modules have in the past been constrained to 70°C maximum operating case temperature. Even in temperature controlled environments, heat dissipation from neighboring electronic components can raise internal equipment temperatures to levels that degrade laser and module performance. Furthermore, some network equipment is located outdoors in non-temperature controlled environments where transceiver modules need to operate reliably up to an operating case temperature of 85°C. Therefore, customers are demanding optical modules that can operate at wider temperature ranges, especially incorporating lasers that do not require costly and inefficient thermoelectric coolers. A benefit of more efficient and uncooled lasers is that they draw less current, which reduces power consumption and helps the environment. We are extending this technology to reaches of up to 80km at 10Gbps. | ||
| The Size Challenge. The system throughput, data rate of each port and the overall chassis dimensions of a system define the bandwidth capacity of that system. Expanding the capacity of a system requires increasing the number of ports and the data rate of those ports. To meet these higher speed and density requirements, industry leaders have defined smaller transceiver packages. As the size of these packages decreases, so does their ability to dissipate heat, making it virtually impossible to support cooled-laser technology. |
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Therefore, lower power consumption uncooled-laser technology with higher temperature tolerance and improved efficiency is required to meet the thermal capacity of these smaller packages. |
These three challenges become greater factors as we move further into 40Gbps and 100Gbps
client-side and line-side solutions.
Technology and Research and Development
We use our proprietary technology at many levels within our product development, ranging from
the basic materials to the component integration and optimization techniques for our modules and
subsystems. We are conducting fundamental research in laser and photonic integration technologies.
In addition, we are developing technology and designs for analog and digital integrated circuits to
best complement our high speed optical components. Our technology is protected by our strong patent
portfolio and our trade secrets. In particular, the following technologies are central to our
business:
Semiconductor Laser Design & Manufacturing. We are a leading designer and manufacturer of
lasers for high-speed fiber optic communications such as 10Gbps and 40Gbps. In the development and
manufacturing of new lasers, we utilize accumulated knowledge in areas such as semiconductor
growth, semiconductor materials systems, quantum well engineering, wavelength design and
high-frequency performance. This knowledge enables performance improvements such as
miniaturization, wavelength control, wide temperature and high-speed operation, and provides us
with a time to market and design advantage over companies that source their 10Gbps and 40Gbps
lasers from other companies.
Optical Semiconductor Materials. Central to our laser design and manufacturing is our
experience and research in materials, one of the most challenging aspects of optical communications
technology and a source of competitive advantage. Our advances in optical semiconductor materials
have enabled us to develop new lasers that are more compact, offer greater control of the light
emitted and utilize less power to operate. For example, our innovations in the use of aluminum in
semiconductor lasers are utilized in several of our new lasers including our uncooled DFB laser and
our EA-DFB laser, which integrates a modulator with the DFB laser on the same chip. The use of
aluminum gives these lasers increased temperature tolerance, improved efficiency, faster response
time and greater wavelength stability, all while achieving or exceeding industry reliability
requirements. Our research continues on new materials systems for use in developing new laser
structures to further improve laser operating temperature and efficiency.
Subassembly Design. Laser diodes and photodetectors are particularly sensitive to external
forces, fields and chemical environments, so they are typically housed in a hermetically sealed
package. These laser diodes and photodetectors are placed upon special ceramic circuit boards and
packaged into a mechanical housing with certain electronics into transmit or receive optical
subassemblies, or TOSA (transmitter optical sub-assembly) and ROSA (receiver optical sub-assembly),
respectively. We have experts dedicated to TOSA and ROSA design with fundamental knowledge in laser
physics, high-frequency design and mechanical design who have been awarded numerous patents. We are
a founding member of the XMD and XLMD MSAs, which create a platform of miniature, high-performance
TOSAs and ROSAs for 10Gbps and 40Gbps that are used across multiple products.
Analog Integrated Circuit and Radio Frequency Design. We internally develop both silicon
germanium integrated circuits and monolithic microwave integrated circuits for modulator driver
amplifier applications. This analog electronics expertise captured in our integrated circuits
provides our 40Gbps and 100Gbps transponders with improved performance and time-to-market
advantages. In addition, we are continuing to optimize radio frequency techniques for 40Gbps
applications and packaging and interconnect design at 40Gbps and 100Gbps.
High Speed Optical Design. High speed optical interfaces such as 40Gbps and 100Gbps require
significant development of the analog optical design to meet performance requirements while
remaining readily manufacturable. In addition to delivering advanced performance for high speed
40Gbps and 100Gbps transponders, we have also pioneered the development of carrier-class
polarization mode dispersion compensation (PMDC) technology. Polarization mode dispersion is
primarily created by mechanical stress in the fiber link, causing the polarization states of an
optical signal to travel with different propagation velocities and thus arrive at different times
at the receiver. Polarization mode dispersion stresses the receiver in detecting the transmitted
optical signal and may cause inter-symbol interference, which leads to bit errors. Opnexts PMDC
technology reduces the impairment effects of PMD.
Digital Logic Design. Applications such as regional and long haul transmission are
increasingly using digital logic to compensate for long haul optical transmission impairments. We
internally developed the digital logic for our 40Gbps products, including optical carrier and
transport framers, integrated random data traffic testers, precoder logic and enhanced FEC (Forward
Error Correction). We
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are developing digital logic designs for a 100Gbps long haul coherent
receiver to provide superior performance and cost structure for our products.
Module Design. Transceiver modules integrate the TOSA, ROSA, integrated circuits and other
components into compact packages specified by various MSAs. We develop key technologies in the form
of high-speed circuit design to allow for error-free receiving, processing and transmitting of
information, exceptional mechanical design to allow for higher tolerance of electrical and
mechanical shock and excellent thermal design to transfer heat away from key components of the
module and the module itself. Long-distance transmission modules generally require special
manipulation of the optical signal to ensure that error-free transmission is
achieved over hundreds of kilometers of optical fiber.
Modulation Techniques. In the communications industry, the modulation scheme refers to how
bits of binary data are encoded into a new set of symbols that are more easily transmitted and
received. A historical example is Morse code, which encodes data in short pulses, dots, and long
pulses, dashes. Conventionally, optical communication has used a pulse of light to encode a binary
1 and the absence of light to encode a binary 0. However, at higher data rates such as 40 Gbps
and beyond, more complex modulation schemes are required. We possess expertise and know-how in
using modulation schemes for long-reach and high data-rate optical transmission, including
continuously optimized DPSK (Differential Phase Shift Keying), RZ-DQPSK (Return to Zero
Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) and coherent technologies. Additionally, we maintain a
database of carrier fiber characteristics and deployed infrastructure that allows us to accurately
model our modulation solutions based upon real-world impairments.
System-Level Software. At the system level, we offer a web-based graphical user interface
that provides fault, configuration, accounting, performance and security, or FCAPS, capabilities
within a self-contained, network-managed subsystem. Our software enables fast and simple
integration into our original equipment manufacturer (OEM) customers management systems via XML
(eXtensible Markup Language) or SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) management interfaces. By
combining our standards-compliant software interfaces with our 40Gbps subsystem, OEM customers are
not required to independently develop hardware to integrate our 40Gbps subsystems into their
existing DWDM systems.
Our research and development plans are driven by customer input obtained by our sales and
marketing teams and by our participation in various MSAs, as well as by our long-term technology
and product strategies. One example of our long-term technology strategy has been our investment
in coherent technologies for long-haul optical transmission. We believe that this technology
investment more closely resembles traditional IC semiconductor investments with higher initial
costs and potentially higher margins than traditional optical component technology investments. We
review research and development priorities on a regular basis and advise key customers and Tier 1
carriers of our research and development progress to achieve better alignment in our product and
technology planning. For new components and more complex modules, research and development is
conducted in close collaboration with our manufacturing operations to shorten the time-to-market
and optimize the manufacturing process. We generally perform product commercialization activities
ourselves and utilize our Hitachi relationship to jointly develop or fund more fundamental optical
technology such as new laser designs and materials systems.
Our total research and development expenses were $62.0 million, $74.1 million and $54.0
million in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. In addition to our
own sponsored research and development activities, we periodically enter into research and
development agreements primarily to design, develop and manufacture complex 40Gbps and 100Gbps
products according to the specifications of the customer. We recognized revenues of $0.4 million
and $5.1 million pursuant to such research and development agreements during the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. We recognized no revenues pursuant to research and
development agreements in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009.
Products
We categorize our communications products along three axes: data rate, application or reach,
and product integration. The first axis of data rate indicates the speed at which the optical
transceiver or device may operate. We have been a leader at the 10Gbps data rate, and we are
investing in technically more challenging 40Gbps and 100Gbps technologies in an effort to extend
our leadership to such data rates. The second axis of application or reach indicates the type of
link and the distance over which the optical signal is transmitted and received. The terms
client-side and line-side indicate the type of link. Line-side applications typically transport
multiple signals over a shared fiber cable spanning distances within a large city to
inter-continental reaches. Client-side applications use a dedicated fiber cable to transport the
data over a distance spanning the interior of a building or within a small city. Sometimes we
further segment the client-side applications by the type of optical fiber, such as multimode fiber,
which is used for less than 100 meters or within building links, or single mode fiber, which is
used for reaches that can extend between buildings or across municipalities. Finally, the third
axis of product integration indicates the level of complexity and functionality of the particular
product. These range from discrete laser and photodiodes sold in chip or TOSA/ROSA form factors to
optical transceiver modules to integrated subsystems with full software management implementations.
The primary technologies that comprise all of our products are laser diodes, photodetectors,
digital logic and mixed-signal integrated circuits. These components are at the semiconductor chip
level and are sometimes abbreviated as chips. The laser diode
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provides the light source for
communication over fiber optic cables. Our current communications laser diode product offering
includes DFB lasers and EA-DFB lasers at selected 2.5Gbps, 10Gbps, 25Gbps and 40Gbps data rates and
1310nm and 1550nm wavelengths. We expect our future developments to include tunable lasers and
40GbE laser source(s). We offer high-performance positive-intrinsic-negative and avalanche
photodiodes, or PINs and APDs, which operate at the same data rates and wavelengths as our lasers.
We develop our laser diodes and photodetectors to offer superior performance in key metrics such as
link distance, reliability, temperature range, power consumption, stability and sensitivity.
The next level of integration is for our TOSA (transmitter optical sub-assembly) and ROSA
(receiver optical sub-assembly) products. These involve packaging the laser diodes or
photodetectors with integrated circuits and other electronic components that perform various
control and signal conversion functions as well as optical focusing elements. A transmitter
combines a laser diode with
electronic components that control the laser and convert electrical signals from a digital
integrated circuit into optical signals suitable for transmission over optical fiber. A receiver
combines a photodetector with electronic components that perform the opposite function, converting
the optical signal back into electrical form for processing by a digital integrated circuit.
The integration of the transmit functionality and the receive functionality is accomplished in
optical modules often referred to as transceivers or transponders. The term transceiver is used
more often for client-side applications and usually implies a more compact size and module
footprint, whereas a transponder is more often used for line-side applications and usually implies
a larger form factor size with more complex digital controls. Optical network systems vendors rely
upon these optical modules to perform transmit and receive functions in most of their new system
designs. Telecommunications systems may have anywhere from two to 16 transceiver modules typically
mounted onto line cards while data communications systems may have anywhere from two to 48 ports. A
few network system vendors design and build the optical interfaces for line-side applications
internally; however, almost all network system vendors use optical modules for client-side
applications. Our modules support a wide range of protocol interfaces for telecommunications and
data communications systems such as OTN, Ethernet, Fibre Channel, and SONET/SDH ranging in speeds
from 155Mbps to 100Gbps, as well as utilizing DWDM and tunable technology.
The final level of integration extends to optical terminal subsystems and custom subsystems,
which encompass the optical interface, digital management, digital processing and software
management. Our custom 40Gbps subsystem is currently embedded in next generation 40Gbps DWDM
interfaces on an IP router, but could be customized for optical cross-connect switches, SONET/SDH
multiplexers and transponder-based DWDM solutions. We provide custom integrated modules that meet
network system vendors existing software control interface and mechanical, thermal and power
design constraints, thus minimizing their development overhead and time-to-market. Our OTS-4000
optical terminal subsystem is an industry-compliant, shelf-level product that occupies one-third of
a standard seven-foot equipment rack and supports eight hot-swappable line cards, each with 40Gbps
total capacity, consisting of transponders, regenerators, shelf controllers and dispersion
compensators. The OTS-4000 is scalable to nearly a terabit per second in a single seven-foot rack
in single 40Gbps channel increments and provides a service provider with an immediate reduction in
transmission cost per bit. Our 40Gbps transponder technology supports long-haul transmission using
existing optical amplification techniques. The OTS-4000 chassis supports redundant direct current
power feeds and provides full redundancy of all common equipment.
Our products include:
Reach and Application | <10G | 10G | 40G | 100G | ||||||
Client- side
|
≤300 m | SFP | SFP+, XFP, X2, XENPAK | |||||||
≤2/10 km | SFP | SFP+, XFP, X2, XENPAK, 300pin, XMD TOSA, XMD ROSA, chips | 300pin, QSFP+, CFP, XLMD TOSA, XLMD ROSA | CFP | ||||||
≤40 km | SFP, chips | SFP+, XFP, X2, XENPAK, 300pin, XMD TOSA, XMD ROSA, chips | ||||||||
≤80 km | SFP, chips | SFP+, XFP, X2, XENPAK, 300pin, XMD TOSA, XMD ROSA, chips | ||||||||
Line-side
|
Metro to Long Haul | SFP, laser diode modules, chips | SFP+, XFP, X2, XENPAK, 300pin | 300pin DPSK, 300pin DQPSK, DPSK Subsystem | Under Development |
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In addition to our communication products, we offer lasers and infrared LEDs for a
variety of industrial and commercial applications. Our products include 404nm, 445nm,
635nm, 650nm and 670nm wavelength-visible lasers for applications such as mini-projectors,
laser printing, industrial barcode scanning, bio/medical imaging, industrial imaging and
professional contractor tools; 780nm and 830nm wavelength infrared lasers for scientific
measurement, night vision, and other infrared applications; and 640nm, 760nm, 840nm and
880nm wavelength infrared LEDs for sensors used in robotics and other industrial
applications.
Customers
We have a global customer base for both the telecommunications and data communications markets
that consists of many of the leading network systems vendors worldwide, including Alcatel-Lucent,
Ciena Corporation, Cisco, Ericsson Limited, Fiberhome
Telecommunication Technologies Co. Ltd., Hitachi, Huawei, Juniper Networks, Inc., NSN and ZTE
Kangxun Telecom Co. Ltd.. These customers purchase from us directly or, in certain cases,
indirectly through their specified contract manufacturers. We have established long-term
relationships by working closely with our customers to better understand the requirements of their
products and by providing customer service and technical support.
The number of leading network systems vendors that supply the global telecommunications and
data communications market is concentrated, and so, in turn, is our customer base. Cisco and
Alcatel-Lucent historically have been our two largest customers. In addition, sales to Huawei have
grown significantly over the past two years. Sales to Cisco, Alcatel-Lucent and Huawei represented
44.8% in aggregate of our total revenue in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011. Sales to Cisco
and NSN represented 44.8% in aggregate of our total revenue in the fiscal year ended March 31,
2010.
Our customers in the industrial and commercial markets consist of a broad range of companies
that design and manufacture laser-based products, including medical and scientific systems,
industrial bar code scanners, professional grade construction and surveying tools, gun sights and
other security equipment, display and projection systems for mini-projectors and other projection
applications, sensors for robotics and industrial automation, and printing engines for high-speed
laser printers and plain paper copiers.
Competition
The market for optical subsystems, modules and components is highly competitive and is
characterized by continuous innovation. While no individual company competes against us in all of
our product areas, our competitors range from the large, multinational companies offering a wide
range of products to smaller companies specializing in narrow markets. In the telecommunications
and data communications markets, we compete at the level of basic building blocks, such as lasers
and photodetectors, as well as at the integrated module level, such as transceivers. Competitors
include Avago, Emcore, Finisar, Fujitsu, JDS Uniphase, Oclaro, Source Photonics and Sumitomo
Electric Devices. With respect to subsystems and certain emerging technologies such as 100Gbps
line-side technologies, we also compete with the internal development efforts of network systems
companies. We believe the principal competitive factors are:
| product performance, including size, speed, operating temperature range, power consumption and reliability; | ||
| price-to-performance characteristics; | ||
| delivery performance and lead times; | ||
| ability to introduce new products in a timely manner that meet customers design-in schedules and requirements; | ||
| ability to dedicate resources to, and successfully progress, research and development efforts; | ||
| breadth of product solutions; | ||
| sales, technical and post-sales service and support; | ||
| sales channels; and | ||
| ability to comply with new industry standard interfaces and MSAs. |
In our industrial and commercial product lines, we principally compete with Arima, Mitsubishi,
QSI and Sony. We believe the principal competitive factors are:
| price-to-performance characteristics; | ||
| delivery performance and lead times; | ||
| breadth-of-product solutions; |
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| sales, technical and post-sales service and support; and | ||
| sales channels. |
Manufacturing
We fabricate key lasers and photo detectors for use in our modules and for sale to other
module suppliers in our manufacturing facilities in Totsuka and Komoro, Japan. Optical component
manufacturing is highly complex, utilizing extensive know-how in multiple disciplines and
accumulated knowledge of the fabrication equipment used to achieve high manufacturing yields, low
cost and high product consistency and reliability. Co-location of our research and development and
manufacturing teams and utilization of well-proven fabrication equipment helps us shorten the
time-to-market and generally achieve or exceed manufacturing cost and yield targets. After chip
fabrication, we generally utilize contract manufacturers for the more labor intensive step of
packaging the bare die into standardized components such as TOSAs, ROSAs, laser diode modules and
TO-cans that are then integrated into transceiver modules and other products.
We complete the manufacturing of our 40Gbps and 100Gbps subsystems and 40Gbps DPSK modules in
our Los Gatos facility from the subassemblies and components provided by our contract manufacturers
and other suppliers. Our expertise in optical, electrical and radio frequency design enables us or
one of our contract manufacturers to combine the subassemblies and components from our contract
manufacturers with our proprietary technologies, install custom embedded software and conduct
extensive system calibration and testing.
For our 10Gbps transceiver modules, we use a combination of internal manufacturing and
contract manufacturing. We strive to develop long-term relationships with contract manufacturers to
reduce assembly costs and provide greater manufacturing flexibility. We are in the process of
transitioning most 10Gbps module production to our contract manufacturers. The manufacture of
highly complex 40Gbps and 100Gbps transceiver modules will remain in house for the near future to
ensure time-to-market and the highest level of quality.
For our 2.5Gbps and lower speed SFP modules, we transfer all designs to contract manufacturers
once the design phase is completed. These lower speed modules are generally less complex than
10Gbps and above modules and ramp up to much greater volumes in mass production.
Our contract manufacturers are located in China, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand and
the United States. Certain of our contract manufacturers that assemble or produce modules are
strategically located close to our customers contract manufacturing facilities to shorten lead
times and enhance flexibility.
We follow established new product introduction processes that ensure product reliability and
manufacturability by controlling when new products move from sampling stage to mass production. We
have stringent quality control processes in place for both internal and contract manufacturing. We
utilize comprehensive manufacturing resource planning systems to coordinate procurement and
manufacturing with our customers forecasts and orders. These processes and systems help us closely
coordinate with our customers, support their purchasing needs and product release plans, and
streamline our supply chain.
Sources and Availability of Raw Materials
While we manufacture many parts, including some critical parts, internally, certain of our key
components, such as laser diodes, TOSAs and ROSAs, are purchased from external sources. We use
various companies and contract manufacturers to supply parts and components for the manufacture and
support of our product lines. Although our intention is to establish at least two sources of supply
for materials and components whenever possible, our customers have often qualified only a single
source of supply for many of the components used in the production of our products. Thus, we may
not be able to procure components from alternative sources or, even if we are able to procure
materials or components from alternative sources, we may not be able to procure them at acceptable
prices or within a reasonable timeframe. As a result, the loss or interruption of such supply
arrangements could have a material impact on our ability to deliver certain products on a timely
basis.
For a further discussion of the importance to our business of, and the risks attendant to, our
supply chain, see Risk FactorsThere is a limited number of potential suppliers for certain
components used in our products. In addition, we depend on a limited number of suppliers whose
components have been qualified into our products and who could disrupt our business if they stop,
decrease or delay
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shipments or if the components they ship have quality or consistency issues. We
may also face component shortages if we experience increased demand for modules and components
beyond what our qualified suppliers can deliver in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Backlog and Geographic Financial Information
As of each of June 10, 2011 and June 10, 2010, we had $62.9 million of backlog orders expected
to be firm. We reasonably expect the full amount of such backlog as of June 10, 2011 to be filled
in the current fiscal year ending March 31, 2012. Our level of backlog is significantly impacted by
our participation in the vendor managed inventory programs certain of our more significant
customers have implemented. For a further discussion of vendor managed inventory programs and the
impact of our participation therein on us, see Risk FactorsWe participate in vendor managed
inventory programs for the benefit of certain of our customers, which could result in increased
inventory levels and/or decreased visibility into the timing of sales in Item 1A of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
Please see Note 18 to Consolidated Financial Statements on page 85 for financial information
regarding the regions in which we do business.
Sales, Marketing and Technical Support
In the communications market, we primarily sell our products through our direct sales force
supported by a network of manufacturer representatives and distributors. Our sales force works
closely with our field application engineers and product marketing and sales operations teams in an
integrated approach to address our customers current and future needs. We assign an account
manager to each customer account to provide a clear interface for the customer, with some account
managers responsible for multiple customers. The support provided by our field application
engineers is critical in the product qualification stage. Transceiver modules, especially at
higher data rates, are complex products that are subject to rigorous qualification procedures
of both the product and the supplier and these procedures differ from customer to customer. Also,
many customers have custom requirements in addition to those defined by MSAs to differentiate their
products and meet design constraints. Our product marketing teams interface with our customers
product development staffs to address customization requests, collect market intelligence to define
future product development and represent us in MSAs. Our market development team meets regularly
with the Tier 1 system providers to understand their requirements so we can better address the
needs of our direct customer, the system vendor.
For key customers, we hold periodic technology forums to allow their product development teams
to interact directly with our product marketing teams. These forums provide us insight into our
customers long-term needs while helping our customers adjust their plans to the product advances
we can deliver. Also, our customers are increasingly utilizing contract manufacturers while
retaining design and key component qualification activities. This trend requires us to continually
upgrade our sales operations and manufacturing support to maximize our efficiency and coordination
with our customers.
In the industrial and commercial market, we primarily sell through a network of manufacturing
representatives and/or distributors to address the broad range of applications and industries in
which our products are used. The sales effort is managed by an internal sales team and supported by
dedicated field application engineering and product marketing staff. We also sell directly to
certain strategic customers. Through our customer interactions, we continually increase our
knowledge of each applications requirements, using this information to improve our sales
effectiveness and guide product development.
Since inception, we have actively communicated our brand worldwide through participation at
trade shows and industry conferences, publication of research papers and bylined articles in trade
media, advertisements in trade publications and interactive media, interactions with industry press
and analysts, press releases and our company website, as well as through print and electronic sales
material.
Patents and Other Intellectual Property Rights
We rely on patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret laws and internal controls and
procedures to protect our technology and brand.
As of March 31, 2011, we have been issued 570 patents, of which 141 patents are from the same
technology in different jurisdictions, and had 321 patent applications pending, of which 96 patents
are from the same technology in different jurisdictions. Patents have been issued in various
countries including the U.S., Japan, Germany and France, with the main concentrations in the U.S.
and Japan. Of the 223 patents issued in the U.S., 15 will expire within the next five years and, of
those, 11 will expire in the next two years. Of the 213 patents issued in Japan, 32 will expire in
the next five years and, of those, 19 will expire in the next two years. We do not expect the
expiration of our patents in the next two years to materially affect our business. Our patent
portfolio covers a broad range of intellectual property, including semiconductor design and
manufacturing, optical device packaging, TOSA/ROSA and module design and manufacturing, electrical
circuit design, tunable and DWDM technology, connectors and manufacturing tools. We follow
well-established procedures for patenting intellectual property and have internal incentive
programs to encourage the protection of new inventions.
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For technologies that we develop in cooperation with Hitachi, either on a joint development or
funded project basis, we have contractual terms that define the ownership, use rights, and
responsibility for intellectual property protection for any inventions that arise. We also benefit
from long-term cross-licensing agreements with Hitachi that allow either party to leverage certain
of the other partys intellectual property rights worldwide.
Opnext is a registered trademark in the U.S., Japan, China and in the European Union as a
Community Trademark (CTM).
We take extensive measures to protect our intellectual property rights and information. For
example, every employee enters into a confidential information and invention assignment agreement
with us when they join us and employees are reminded of their responsibilities pursuant to such
agreement when they depart from the Company. We also enter into confidential information and
invention assignment agreements with our contractors.
Employees
As of March 31, 2011, we had 512 full-time employees, of which 312 were located in Japan, 180
in the U.S., ten in Europe, four in Canada and six in China. Of our 512 total employees as of March
31, 2011, 191 were in research and development, 160 were in
manufacturing, 89 were in sales and marketing, and 72 were in administration. We consider our
relationships with our employees to be good. None of our employees is represented by a labor union.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider each of the following risks and all of the other information set
forth in this annual report. The following risks relate principally to our business and our common
stock. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks
and uncertainties that we do not know or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also
adversely affect our business. If any of the following risks and uncertainties develop into actual
events, they could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results
of operations, which could also adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.
We depend on a limited number of customers for a significant percentage of our sales, and any
loss, cancellation, reduction or delay in purchases by these customers could harm our business.
A limited number of customers have, historically, consistently accounted for a significant
portion of our sales. For example, for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, sales to three
customers, Alcatel-Lucent, Cisco and Huawei, in aggregate accounted for 44.7% of our total
revenues, and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, Cisco and NSN in aggregate accounted for
45% of our total revenues. Sales from any of our major customers may decline or fluctuate
significantly in the future. We may not be able to offset any decline in sales from our existing
major customers with sales from new customers or other existing customers. Because of our reliance
on a limited number of customers, any decrease in sales from, or loss of, one or more of these
customers without a corresponding increase in sales from other customers would harm our business,
operating results and financial condition. In addition, any negative developments in the business
of existing significant customers could result in significantly decreased sales to these customers,
which could seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition. Although we are
attempting to expand our customer base, the markets in which we sell our optical components
products are dominated by a relatively small number of systems manufacturers, thereby limiting the
number of our potential customers. Accordingly, our success will depend on our continued ability to
develop and manage relationships with significant customers, and we expect that the majority of our
sales will continue to depend on sales of our products to a limited number of customers for the
foreseeable future.
We do not have long-term volume purchase contracts with our customers, and, as a result, our
customers may increase, decrease, cancel or delay their buying levels at any time with minimal
advance notice to us, which may significantly harm our business.
Our customers typically purchase our products pursuant to individual purchase orders. While
our customers generally provide us with their demand forecasts, in most cases they are not
contractually committed to buy any quantity of products. Our customers may increase, decrease,
cancel or delay purchase orders already in place. If any of our major customers were to decrease,
stop or delay purchasing our products for any reason, our business and results of operations would
be harmed. Cancellation or delays of orders may cause us to fail to achieve our short-term and
long-term financial and operating goals. In the past, during periods of severe market
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downturns, certain of our largest customers cancelled significant orders with us and our competitors, which
resulted in losses of sales and excess and obsolete inventory and led to inventory and asset
disposals throughout the industry. More recently, as the global economic recession that began in
late 2007 deepened, particularly affecting the credit markets as well as equity markets, certain of
our largest customers cancelled significant, previously committed purchase orders resulting in the
loss of sales and excess and obsolete inventory for us and increasing the difficulties associated
with accurately forecasting future sales. Similar or continued decreases, deferrals or
cancellations of purchases by our customers may significantly harm our industry and specifically
our business in these and in additional unforeseen ways, particularly if such decreases, deferrals
or cancellations are not anticipated.
In addition, as a consequence of natural disasters such as the March 11, 2011 earthquake and
tsunami in Japan or other unforeseen events, our OEM customers may not be able to obtain sufficient
supply of materials and components required for the production of their products, which could
reduce sales of these products to end-users. If our OEM customers are unable to obtain adequate
supplies of components needed for the manufacture of their products that incorporate our products,
or if their operations are otherwise disrupted by any natural disaster, we may experience delays or
cancellation of orders from our OEM customers. Furthermore, concerns about shortages could lead
some of our customers to forecast or place orders in excess of actual demand in order to ensure
supply of products, and these types of ordering patterns could result in the buildup of excess
inventory or excess manufacturing capacity.
There is a limited number of potential suppliers for certain components used in our products. In
addition, we depend on a limited number of suppliers whose components have been qualified into our
products and who could disrupt our business if they stop, decrease or delay shipments or if the
components they ship have quality or consistency issues. We may also face component shortages if
we experience increased demand for modules and components beyond what our qualified suppliers can
deliver.
Our customers generally restrict our ability to change the component parts in our modules
without their approval, which for less critical components may require as little as a specification
comparison and for more critical components, such as lasers, photodetectors and key integrated
circuits, as much as repeating the entire qualification process. We depend on a limited number of
suppliers of key components we have qualified to use in the manufacture of certain of our products.
Some of these components are available only from a sole source or have been qualified only from a
single supplier. We typically have not entered into long-term agreements with our suppliers and,
therefore, our suppliers could stop supplying materials and equipment at any time or fail to supply
adequate quantities of component parts on a timely basis. It is difficult, costly, time consuming
and, on short notice, sometimes impossible for us to identify and qualify new component suppliers.
The reliance on a sole supplier, single qualified vendor or limited number of suppliers could
result in delivery or quality problems or reduced control over product pricing, reliability and
performance. In the past, we have had to change suppliers, which has, in some instances, resulted
in delays in product development and manufacturing until another supplier was found and qualified.
Any such delays in the future may limit our ability to respond to changes in customer and market
demands.
During the last several years, the number of suppliers of components has decreased
significantly and, more recently, demand for components has increased rapidly. Any supply
deficiencies relating to the quality or quantities of components we use to manufacture our products
could adversely affect our ability to fulfill customer orders and our results of operations. For
example, during the calendar year ended December 31, 2010, we experienced significant limitations
on the availability of components from certain of our suppliers, resulting in losses of anticipated
sales and the related revenues. In addition, following the March 11, 2011 earthquake and tsunami in
Japan, we experienced some supply chain disruption, resulting in some loss of revenue for us. Any
negative impact on our suppliers from earthquakes or other natural disasters, including disruption
in the production of component parts for our products or the ability of our suppliers to transport
these components, may affect the availability of components used in our products, adversely
affecting our ability to fulfill orders and, thus, our business and results of operations.
We are dependent on contract manufacturers used by our customers for a significant portion of our
sales.
Many of our OEM customers, including Cisco and Alcatel-Lucent, use third-party contract
manufacturers to manufacture their networking systems. Sales to contract manufacturers used by our
customers represented 31.4% and 32.2% of our total revenues for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2011 and 2010, respectively. Certain contract manufacturers purchase our products directly from us
on behalf of networking OEMs. Although we work with our OEM customers in the design and
development phases of their systems, these OEM customers are gradually giving contract
manufacturers more authority in product purchasing decisions. As a result, we depend on a
concentrated group of contract manufacturers for a significant portion of our sales. If we cannot
compete effectively for the business of these contract manufacturers or if any of the contract
manufacturers that work with our OEM customers experience financial or other difficulties in their
businesses, our sales and our business could be adversely affected.
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Uncertainty in customers forecasts of their demands and other factors may lead to delays and
disruptions in manufacturing, which could result in delays in product shipments to customers and
could adversely affect our business.
Fluctuations and changes in our customers demand are common in our industry. Such
fluctuations, as well as quality control problems experienced in our manufacturing operations or
those of our third-party contract manufacturers or vendors, may cause us to experience delays and
disruptions in our manufacturing process and overall operations and reduce our output. As a result,
product shipments could be delayed beyond the shipment schedules requested by our customers or
could be cancelled, which would negatively affect our sales, operating income, strategic position
with customers, market share and reputation. In addition, disruptions, delays or cancellations
could cause inefficient production that in turn could result in higher manufacturing costs, lower
yields and potential excess and obsolete inventory or manufacturing equipment. In the past, we have
experienced such disruptions, delays and cancellations.
We participate in vendor managed inventory programs for the benefit of certain of our customers,
which could result in increased inventory levels and/or decreased visibility into the timing of
sales.
Certain of our more significant customers have implemented a supply chain management tool
called vendor managed inventory (VMI) that requires suppliers, such as Opnext, to assume
responsibility for maintaining an agreed upon level of consigned inventory at the customers
location or at a third-party logistics provider, based on the customers demand forecast.
Notwithstanding the fact that the supplier builds and ships the inventory, the customer does not
purchase the consigned inventory until the inventory is drawn or pulled from the customer or
third-party location to be used in the manufacture of the customers product. Though the consigned
inventory may be at the customers or third-party logistics providers physical location, it
remains inventory owned by the supplier until the inventory is drawn or pulled, which is the time
at which the sale takes place. Our participation in VMI programs has resulted in our experiencing
higher levels of inventory than we might otherwise and has decreased our visibility into the
timing of when our finished goods will ultimately result in revenue-generating sales.
Certain VMI programs, particularly any involving products considered to be standard products,
may require us to commit to delivering certain quantities of our products to our customers as
consigned inventory without the customers having committed to purchase any such products. Such VMI
programs increase the likelihood that estimates of our customers requirements that prove to be
greater than our customers actual purchases could result in surplus inventory and we could be
required to record charges for obsolete or excess inventories. Some of our products and supplies
have in the past become obsolete while in inventory because rapidly changing customer
specifications or a decrease in customer demand. If we or our customers with which we participate
in VMI programs fail to accurately predict the demand for our products, we could incur additional
excess and obsolete inventory write-downs. If we are unable to effectively manage the
implementation of, and proper inventory management planning associated with, our customers VMI
programs, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
If our customers do not qualify our products or if their customers do not qualify their products,
our results of operations may suffer.
Most of our customers do not purchase our products prior to qualification of our products and
satisfactory completion of factory audits and vendor evaluation. Our existing products, as well as
each new product, must pass through varying levels of qualification with our customers. In
addition, because of the rapid technological changes in our market, a customer may cancel or modify
a design project before we begin large-scale manufacture of the product and receive revenues from
the customer. It is unlikely that we would be able to recover the expenses for cancelled or
unutilized custom design projects absent a research and development agreement that provided for the
payment of such expenses. It is difficult to predict with any certainty whether our customers will
delay or terminate product qualification or the frequency with which customers will cancel or
modify their projects, but any such delay, termination, cancellation or modification could have a
negative effect on our results of operations.
If network service providers that purchase systems from our customers fail to qualify or delay
qualifications of any products sold by our customers that contain our products, our business could
be harmed. The qualification and field testing of our customers systems by network service
providers is long and unpredictable. This process is not under our or our customers control, and,
as a result, timing of our sales is unpredictable. Any unanticipated delay in qualification of one
of our customers network systems could result in the delay or cancellation of orders from our
customers for products included in the applicable network system, which could harm our results of
operations.
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Our products are complex and may take longer to develop and qualify than anticipated and we may
not recognize sales from new products until after long customer qualification periods.
We are constantly developing new products and using new technologies in these products. These
products often take substantial time to develop because of their complexity, rigorous testing and
qualification requirements and because customer and market requirements can change during the
product development or qualification process. Such activity requires significant spending by us.
Because of the long development cycle and qualification process, we may not sell any of the new
products until long after such expenditures are made.
In the telecommunications market, there are stringent and comprehensive reliability and
qualification requirements for optical networking systems. In the data communications industry,
qualifications can also be stringent and time consuming. However, these requirements are less
uniform than those found in the telecommunications industry from application to application and
systems vendor to systems vendor.
At the component level, such as for new lasers, the development cycle may be lengthy and may
not result in a product that can be utilized cost-effectively in our modules or that meets customer
and market requirements. Additionally, we often incur substantial costs associated with the
research and development and sales and marketing activities in connection with products that may be
purchased long after we have incurred the costs associated with designing, creating and selling
such products.
We rely substantially upon a limited number of contract manufacturers and, if these contract
manufacturers fail to meet our short and long-term needs and contractual obligations, our business
may be negatively impacted.
We rely on a limited number of contract manufacturers to assemble, manufacture and test the
majority of our finished goods. The qualification and set-up of these independent manufacturers
under quality assurance standards is an expensive and time-consuming process. Certain of our
independent manufacturers have a limited history of manufacturing optical modules or components. In
the past,
we have experienced delays or other problems, such as inferior quality, insufficient quantity
of product and an inability to meet cost targets, which have led to delays in our ability to
fulfill customer orders. Additionally, in the past we have been required to qualify new contract
manufacturers and replace contract manufacturers, which has led to delays in deliveries. Any future
interruption in the operations of these manufacturers, or any deficiency in the quality, quantity
or timely delivery of the components or products built for us by these manufacturers, could impede
our ability to meet our scheduled product deliveries to our customers or require us to contract
with and qualify new contract manufacturers. As a result, we may lose existing or potential
customers or orders and our business may be negatively impacted.
Our financial results may vary significantly from quarter to quarter as the result of a number of
factors, which may lead to volatility in our stock price.
Our quarterly sales and operating results have varied in the past and may continue to vary
significantly from quarter to quarter. This variability may lead to volatility in our stock price
as market analysts and investors respond to these quarterly fluctuations. These fluctuations are
attributable to numerous factors, including:
| fluctuations in demand for our products; | ||
| the timing, size and product mix of sales of our products; | ||
| the timing and size of revenues derived from research and development agreements; | ||
| our ability to source component parts and to manufacture and deliver products to our customers in a timely and cost-effective manner; | ||
| quality control problems in our and our contract manufacturers manufacturing operations; | ||
| fluctuations in our manufacturing yields; | ||
| length and variability of the sales cycles of our products; |
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| the loss or gain of significant customers; | ||
| new product introductions and enhancements by our competitors and ourselves and the level of market acceptance thereof; | ||
| changes in our pricing and sales policies or the pricing and sales policies of our competitors; | ||
| our ability to develop, introduce and ship new products and product enhancements that meet customer requirements in a timely manner; | ||
| the evolving and unpredictable nature of the markets for products incorporating our optical components and subsystems; | ||
| the occurrence and effects of natural disasters, including in Japan which has a high level of seismic activity; | ||
| unanticipated increases in costs and expenses; and | ||
| fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. |
These events are difficult to forecast and these events, as well as other events, could
materially adversely affect our quarterly or annual operating results. In addition, a significant
amount of our operating expenses is relatively fixed in nature because of the extent of our
internal manufacturing operations and the level of resources dedicated to our research and
development, sales and general administrative efforts. Any failure to adjust spending quickly
enough to compensate for a sales shortfall could magnify the adverse impact of such sales shortfall
on our results of operations. Because many of the factors referenced above are beyond our control,
we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results may not be a reliable
indication of our future performance, and you should not rely on our results for any single quarter
as an indication of our future performance. Moreover, our operating results may not meet our
announced guidance or expectations of equity research analysts or investors, in which case the
price of our common stock could decrease significantly.
Our future operating results may be subject to volatility as a result of exposure to foreign
currency exchange rate risks.
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risks. Foreign currency exchange rate
fluctuations may affect our revenues and our costs and expenses and significantly affect our
operating results. Because certain sales transactions and the related assets and liabilities are
denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily the Japanese yen, our revenues are
exposed to market risks related to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. For example,
for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, 15.5%, 9.4% and 16.7%, respectively, of
our revenues were denominated in Japanese yen. To the extent we continue to generate a significant
portion of our revenues in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, our revenues will continue to be
affected by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. In addition, a substantial portion of our
cost of sales and the related assets and liabilities are denominated in Japanese yen and portions
of our operating expenses are denominated in Japanese yen and euros. For example, during the
fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, approximately 44.0%, 37.2% and 60.5%,
respectively, of our cost of sales were denominated in Japanese yen. As a result, we bear the risk
that fluctuations in the exchange rates of foreign currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar could
decrease our total revenues or increase our costs and expenses and, therefore, have a negative
effect on future operating results.
We may experience low manufacturing yields or higher than expected costs.
Manufacturing yields depend on a number of factors, including the stability and
manufacturability of the product design, manufacturing improvements gained over cumulative
production volumes, the quality and consistency of component parts and the nature and extent of
customization requirements by customers. Higher volume demand for more mature designs requiring
less customization generally results in higher manufacturing yields than products with lower
volumes, less mature designs and requiring extensive customization. Capacity constraints, raw
materials shortages, logistics issues, the introduction of new product lines and changes in our
customer requirements, manufacturing facilities or processes or those of our third-party contract
manufacturers and component suppliers have historically caused, and may in the future cause,
significantly reduced manufacturing yields, negatively impacting the gross margins on, and our
production capacity for, those products. Our ability to maintain sufficient manufacturing yields is
particularly important with respect to certain products we manufacture, such as lasers and
photodetectors as a result of the long manufacturing process. Moreover, an increase in the
rejection and rework rate of products during the quality control process before, during or after
manufacture would result in lower yields, gross margins and production capacity. Finally,
manufacturing yields and
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margins can also be lower if we receive and inadvertently use defective or
contaminated materials from our suppliers. Because a significant portion of our manufacturing costs
is relatively fixed, manufacturing yields may have a significant effect on our results of
operations. Lower than expected manufacturing yields could delay product shipments increase our
costs or decrease our sales and related revenues.
Shifts in our product mix may result in declines in gross margin.
Our gross profit margins vary among our product families and are generally higher on our
100Gbps, 40Gbps and longer distance 10Gbps products. Our optical products sold for longer-distance
applications typically have higher gross margins than our products for shorter-distance
applications. Therefore, our overall gross profit margins can be significantly impacted by the
relative levels of longer-distance and shorter-distance products sold in any particular period.
Recently, we experienced five consecutive quarterly declines in sales of our 40Gbps subsystems
products through the quarter ended June 30, 2010. Although sales of these products increased in the
quarter ended March 31, 2011 relative to the previous quarter, reoccurrence of an unfavorable sales
trend in these products or other 40Gbs and above products could negatively affect future gross
margins, given that our gross margins are generally higher on these products.
In addition, our gross margins are generally lower for newly introduced products and improve
as unit volumes increase. Our overall operating income has fluctuated from period to period as a
result of shifts in product mix, the introduction of new products, decreases in average selling
prices, our ability to reduce product costs, and recognition of revenues derived from research and
development agreements, and these fluctuations are expected to continue in the future.
In recent periods, certain of our products that operate at 10Gbps data rates and below have
generated reduced gross margins, which reduced margins we believe are attributable to, among other
factors, the increased average age of such products, delays in the development of certain internal
subcomponents, our low level of vertical integration, as well as intensified competition in these
product groups. To the extent that we are unable to introduce, or experience delays in introducing,
the next generation of these products, or to the extent we are unsuccessful in achieving a
desirable level of vertical integration with respect to the subcomponents of these products, we may
continue to experience diminished gross margins in connection with the sales of certain 10Gbps
products.
Certain of our revenues are derived from research and development agreements, which can result in
material increases or decreases in our gross margin and net earnings from quarter to quarter due
to the recognition or deferral of revenue related to these agreements in a particular quarter.
We periodically enter into research and development agreements primarily to design, develop
and manufacture complex 40Gbps and 100Gbps products according to the specifications of the
customer. Revenues from such agreements are generally recognized upon the completion of certain
milestones specified in such agreements. Such revenue may have limited or no corresponding cost of
revenue, and therefore revenue from these agreements can have a substantial effect on our gross
margin and net earnings during the period in which such revenue and the associated cost of sales is
recognized.
Our products may contain defects that may cause us to incur significant costs, divert our
attention from product development efforts, result in a loss of customers or possibly result in
product liability claims.
Our products are complex and undergo quality testing as well as formal qualification by both
our customers and us. However, defects may be found from time to time. Our customers testing
procedures are limited to evaluating our products under likely and foreseeable failure scenarios
and over varying amounts of time. For various reasons (including, among others, the occurrence of
performance problems that are unforeseeable in testing or that are detected only when products age
or are operated under peak stress conditions), our products may fail to perform as expected long
after customer acceptance. Failures could result from faulty components or design, problems in
manufacturing or other unforeseen reasons. As a result, we could incur significant costs to repair
and/or replace defective products under warranty, particularly when such failures occur in
installed systems. In addition, certain of our customer contracts require that, in addition to
correcting the failure with the product, we reimburse the customer for the costs and expenses
incurred by the customer in connection with an epidemic failure of our product. An epidemic
failure with respect to a particular product generally occurs when in excess of a specified
percentage of such installed product exhibits a failure of the same root cause within a certain
specified time period. We have experienced such failures in the past and will continue to face this
risk going forward, as our products are widely deployed throughout the world in multiple demanding
environments and applications. In addition, we may in certain circumstances honor warranty claims
after the warranty has expired or for problems not covered by warranty in order to maintain
customer
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relationships. We have in the past increased our warranty reserves and have incurred
significant expenses relating to certain communications products. Any significant product failure
could result in lost future sales of the affected product or other products, as well as severe
customer relations problems, litigation or damage to our reputation.
In addition, our products are typically embedded in, or deployed in conjunction with, our
customers products which incorporate a variety of components and our products may be expected to
interoperate with products produced by third parties. As a result, not all defects are immediately
detectable and, when problems occur, it may be difficult to identify the source of the problem.
These problems may cause us to incur significant damages or warranty and repair costs, divert the
attention of our engineering personnel from our product development efforts and cause significant
customer relation problems or loss of customers, all of which would harm our business.
The occurrence of any defects in our products could give rise to liability for damages caused
by such defects. Any defects could, moreover, impair the markets acceptance of our products. Both
could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. For example, in the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, we incurred a $1.0 million warranty charge to cover anticipated
future costs associated with replacing defective 40Gbps Digital Mux/Demux integrated circuits
purchased from an external supplier that were included in 40Gpbs transceivers previously sold to
our customers.
The price of our common stock is highly volatile and may continue to fluctuate substantially,
which could result in substantial losses for our investors.
The trading price of our common stock has fluctuated significantly since our initial public
offering in February 2007, and is likely to remain volatile in the future. For example, since the
date of our initial public offering, our common stock has closed as low as $1.30 and as high as
$18.71 per share. The trading price of our common stock could be subject to wide fluctuations in
response to many events or factors, including the following:
| actual or anticipated fluctuations in our results of operations; | ||
| variance in our financial performance from the expectations of market analysts; | ||
| conditions and trends in the markets we serve; | ||
| announcements of significant new products by us or our competitors; | ||
| changes in our pricing policies or the pricing policies of our competitors; | ||
| legislation or regulatory policies, practices, or actions; | ||
| the commencement or outcome of litigation; | ||
| our sale of common stock or other securities in the future, or sales of our common stock by our principal stockholders; | ||
| changes in market valuation or earnings of our competitors; | ||
| the trading volume of our common stock; | ||
| changes in the estimation of the future size and growth rate of our markets; | ||
| the occurrence and effects of natural disasters, including in Japan which has a high level of seismic activity; | ||
| general economic conditions; and | ||
| material weaknesses in internal controls. |
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In addition, the stock market in general, and the NASDAQ and the market for technology
companies in particular, have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often
been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of particular companies affected.
These broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our common stock,
regardless of our operating performance.
We face increasing competition from providers of competing products, which could negatively impact
our results of operations and market share.
A number of companies have developed or are developing transmit and receive optical modules
and components and lasers and infrared LEDs that compete directly with our product offerings.
Current and potential competitors may have substantially greater financial, marketing, research and
manufacturing resources than we possess, and there can be no assurance that our current and future
competitors will not be more successful than us in specific product lines or as a whole.
Competition has intensified as additional competitors enter the market and current competitors
expand their product lines. The industry has experienced an increase in low-cost providers of
certain product lines. Companies competing with us may introduce products that are more
competitively priced, have better performance, functionality or reliability, or our competitors may
have stronger customer relationships, or may be able to react quicker to changing customer
requirements and expectations. Increased competitive pressure has in the past and may in the future
result in a loss of sales or market share or cause us to lower prices for our products, any of
which would harm our business, financial condition and operating results. To attract new customers
or retain existing customers, we may offer certain customers favorable prices on our products. A
reduction in pricing for any existing or future customers may result in reduced pricing for other
existing or future customers since our customers pricing is generally established pursuant to
pricing agreements of not more than one year in duration or upon receipt of purchase orders. Most
of the pricing agreements with our customers provide either that prices will be set at invoicing or
at various intervals during the year or require us to offer our existing customers the most
favorable pricing terms. All of these situations enable our customers to frequently negotiate based
upon prevailing market price trends. As product prices decline, our average selling prices and
operating profits decline.
Because certain of our competitors have longer operating histories, stronger strategic
alliances and greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we have, these
companies have the ability to devote greater resources to the development, promotion, sale and
support of their products. For example, in the telecommunications and data communications markets,
some of our competitors offer broader product portfolios by supplying passive components or a
broader range of lower speed transceivers. Other competitors may also have preferential access to
certain network systems vendors or offer directly competitive products that may have certain better
performance measures than our products. In addition, with respect to certain emerging technologies
such as 100Gbps line-side technologies, we also compete with the internal development efforts of
network system companies. Our competitors including network
systems companies developing potentially competitive products internally that have large
market capitalizations or cash reserves may be better positioned than we are to acquire other
companies to gain new technologies or products that may compete with our product lines. Any of
these factors could give our competitors a strategic advantage. Therefore, we cannot assure you
that we will be able to compete successfully against either current or future competitors in the
future.
The market for optical components continues to be characterized by intense price competition which
has had, and will continue to have, a material adverse effect on our results of operations,
particularly if we are not able to reduce our expenses commensurately.
The market for optical components continues to be characterized by declining average selling
prices resulting from factors such as intense price competition among optical component
manufacturers, excess capacity, the introduction of new products, and increased unit volumes as
manufacturers continue to deploy network and storage systems. In recent years, we have observed a
modest acceleration in the decline of average selling prices. We anticipate that average selling
prices will continue to decrease in the future in response to product introductions by our
competitors or us, or in response to other factors, including price pressures from significant
customers. In order to achieve and sustain profitable operations, we must, therefore, continue to
develop and introduce new products on a timely basis that incorporate features that can be sold at
higher average selling prices. Failure to do so could have an adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
In the current environment of declining average selling prices, and especially when such
declines appear to be accelerating, we must continually seek ways to reduce our costs to achieve
our desired operating results. Our cost reduction efforts may not allow us to keep pace with
competitive pricing pressures. The continued uncertainties in the communications industry and the
global economy make it difficult for us to anticipate revenue levels and therefore to make
appropriate estimates and plans relating to cost management. To remain
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competitive, we must
continually reduce the cost of manufacturing our products through design and engineering changes.
We may not be successful in redesigning our products or delivering our products to market in a
timely manner. We cannot assure you that any redesign will result in sufficient cost reductions to
enable us to remain price competitive and achieve our desired operating results.
If demand for optical systems, particularly for 10Gbps and above network systems, does not
continue to expand as expected, our business will suffer.
Our future success as a manufacturer of transmit and receive optical modules, components and
subsystems ultimately depends on the continued growth of the communications industry and, in
particular, the continued expansion of global information networks, particularly those directly or
indirectly dependent upon a fiber optics infrastructure. The continued uncertainties in the
communications industry and the global economy make it difficult for us to anticipate sales levels.
Continued uncertain demand for optical components would have a material adverse effect on our
results of operations. Currently, while increasing demand for network services and for broadband
access, in particular, is apparent, growth is limited by several factors, including, among others,
the current global economic conditions, an uncertain regulatory environment and reluctance on the
part of content providers to supply video and audio content because of insufficient copy protection
and uncertainty regarding long-term sustainable business models as multiple industries (cable TV,
traditional telecommunications, wireless, satellite, etc.) offer competing content delivery
solutions. Ultimately, if long-term expectations for network growth and bandwidth demand are not
realized or do not support a sustainable business model, our business would be significantly
harmed.
Our markets are subject to rapid technological change and, to compete effectively, we must
continually introduce new products that achieve market acceptance or our business may be
significantly harmed.
The markets for our products are characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new
product introductions, changes in customer requirements and evolving industry standards, all with
an underlying pressure to reduce cost and meet stringent reliability and qualification
requirements. We expect that new technologies will emerge as competition and the need for higher
and more cost-effective bandwidth increases. Our future performance will depend on the successful
development, introduction and market acceptance of new and enhanced products that address these
changes as well as current and potential customer requirements. The introduction of new and
enhanced products may cause our customers to defer or cancel orders for existing products. In
addition, a slowdown in demand for existing products ahead of a new product introduction could
result in a write-down in the value of inventory on hand related to existing products. We have in
the past experienced a slowdown in demand for existing products and delays in new product
development, and such delays may occur in the future. To the extent customers defer or cancel
orders for existing products for any reason, our operating results would suffer. Product
development delays may result from numerous factors, including:
| changing product specifications and customer requirements; | ||
| access to or availability of parts and components needed in new products; | ||
| unanticipated engineering complexities; | ||
| delays in or denials of membership in future MSAs that become successful, or membership in and product development for MSAs that do not become successful; | ||
| difficulties in hiring and retaining necessary technical personnel; | ||
| difficulties in reallocating engineering resources and overcoming resource limitations; and | ||
| changing market or competitive product requirements. |
We expect that new technologies will continue to emerge as competition in the communications
industry increases and the need for higher and more cost efficient bandwidth expands. The
introduction of new products embodying new technologies or the emergence of new industry standards
could render our existing products or products in development uncompetitive, obsolete or
unmarketable. The development of new, technologically advanced products is a complex and uncertain
process requiring high levels of innovation and highly skilled engineering and development
personnel, as well as the accurate anticipation of technological and market trends. We cannot make
any assurance that we will be able to identify, develop, manufacture, market or support new or
enhanced products
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successfully, if at all, or on a timely basis. Further, we cannot assure you that
our new products, including those incorporating certain emerging technologies such as 100Gbps
line-side technologies, in which we have made and continue to make significant investments, will
gain market acceptance or that we will be able to respond effectively to product introductions by
competitors, technological changes or emerging industry standards. We also may not be able to
develop or license from third parties the underlying core technologies necessary to create new
products and enhancements and to stay competitive in our markets. Any failure to respond to
technological changes could significantly harm our business.
We depend on Hitachi for assistance with our research and development efforts. Any failure of
Hitachi to provide these services could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our product expertise is based on our research ability developed within our Hitachi heritage
and through joint research and development in lasers and optical technologies. A key factor to our
business success and strategy is fundamental laser research. We rely on access to Hitachis
research laboratories pursuant to a research and development agreement with Hitachi, which includes
access to Hitachis research facilities and engineers, to conduct research and development
activities that are important to the establishment of new technologies and products vital to our
current and future business. Our research and development agreement with Hitachi and Opnext Japans
research and development agreement with Hitachi will both expire on February 20, 2012. Should
access to Hitachis research laboratories be unavailable or available at less attractive terms in
the future, this may impede development of new technologies and products, and our financial
condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected.
Adverse conditions in the global economy have negatively impacted our customers, suppliers and our
business.
The United States, Europe and Asia have experienced significant declines in economic activity,
including, among other things, reduced consumer spending, declines in asset valuations, diminished
liquidity and credit availability, significant volatility in securities prices, rating downgrades
in certain instances, and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. These economic
developments have adversely affected, or have the potential to adversely affect, our customers,
suppliers and businesses similar to ours and have resulted or could result in a variety of negative
effects, such as reduction in revenues, increased costs, lower gross margin percentages, increased
allowances for doubtful accounts and/or write-offs of accounts receivable, and required recognition
of impairments of capitalized assets, including goodwill and other intangibles. Any such
developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial
condition and cash flows. We are not able to predict the duration or severity of adverse economic
conditions in the U.S. and other countries, and there can be no assurance that there will not be
further declines in economic activity.
We depend on facilities located outside of the United States to manufacture our products, which
subjects us to additional risks.
In addition to our two manufacturing facilities in Japan, we rely on contract manufacturers
located elsewhere in Asia and other countries for our supply of key products and we intend to
further expand our use of contract manufacturers outside the United States. Each of these
facilities and manufacturers subjects us to additional risks associated with international
manufacturing, including:
| unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; | ||
| legal uncertainties regarding liabilities, tariffs and other trade barriers; | ||
| inadequate protection of intellectual property in some countries; | ||
| greater incidence of shipping delays, including, but not limited to, as a result of customs delays; | ||
| greater difficulty in overseeing manufacturing operations, including, but not limited to, the levels of inventory maintained at our and our contract manufacturers facilities; | ||
| greater difficulty in hiring talent needed to oversee manufacturing operations; | ||
| the impact of earthquakes or other natural disasters, including in Japan which has a high level of seismic activity; | ||
| potential political and economic instability; and |
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| the outbreak of infectious diseases that could result in travel restrictions or the closure of our facilities or the facilities of our contract manufacturers or suppliers. |
Any of these factors could significantly impair our ability to source our contract
manufacturing requirements internationally.
Business disruptions resulting from international uncertainties or risks could negatively impact
our profitability.
We derive, and expect to continue to derive, a significant portion of our revenues from sales
in various international markets. Our international sales and operations are subject to a number of
material risks, including, but not limited to:
| different technical standards or requirements, such as country or region-specific requirements to eliminate the use of lead; | ||
| difficulties in staffing, managing and supporting operations in more than one country; | ||
| difficulties in enforcing agreements and collecting receivables through foreign legal systems; | ||
| fewer legal protections for intellectual property; | ||
| fluctuations in foreign economies; | ||
| fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies and interest rates; | ||
| domestic and international economic or political changes, hostilities or other disruptions in regions where we currently operate or may operate in the future; | ||
| limitations on travel engendered by the outbreak of diseases and any other widespread public health problems; and | ||
| different and changing legal and regulatory requirements in the jurisdictions in which we currently operate or may operate in the future. |
The risks provided above impact our business in areas in which we operate, including Japan and
Europe, which constitute a significant portion of our international operations. As an example, the
European Union enforced a mandatory requirement through a directive concerning the Reduction of
Hazardous Substances (RoHS 2002/95/EC), which required us to make changes to our product line on a
global basis to comply with the European directive, and may institute similar or additional
requirements in the future. Negative developments in one or more countries or regions in which we
operate or sell our products could result in a reduction in demand for our products, the
cancellation or delay of orders already placed, difficulties in producing and delivering our
products, threats to our intellectual property, difficulty in collecting receivables, or a higher
cost of doing business, any of which could negatively impact our business, financial condition or
results of operations.
Our business and future operating results may be adversely affected by events outside of our
control, including, but not limited to, natural disasters such as the recent earthquake and
tsunami in Japan.
Our business and operating results are vulnerable to interruption by events outside of our
control, including, but not limited to, natural disasters, particularly possible earthquakes that
may affect our factories or facilities in Japan or California or the facilities of our contract
manufacturers or critical vendors. Other possible disruptions include: fire, tsunami, volcanic
activity, flood, power loss, telecommunications failures, political instability, military conflict
and uncertainties arising from terrorist attacks, the economic consequences of military action or
terrorist activities and associated political instability, and the effect of heightened security
concerns on domestic and international travel and commerce. Any of the foregoing events could have
a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. In
addition, in the event of an economic downturn triggered by one or more of the foregoing events, we
may suffer a decline in revenues and we may not be able to reduce costs fast enough to compensate,
particularly since we may be hampered in reducing employee headcount in foreign jurisdictions
because of foreign labor regulations.
For example, on March 11, 2011 the northeast coast of Japan experienced a severe earthquake
followed by a tsunami, with continuing aftershocks from the earthquake. These geological events
caused significant damage in the region, including severe damage
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to Japans power and other
infrastructure as well as its economy. Our module assembly facility in Totsuka, Japan suffered
minor disruption from the earthquake, with production at this facility interrupted for ten days.
While our chip production facility in Totsuka also suffered minor damage, production at this
facility did not fully resume for approximately five weeks due to the time required to recalibrate
and verify the proper operation of the equipment located there.
Certain of our suppliers located in Japan were also impacted by the March 11 earthquake and
tsunami and, in certain instances, we had to obtain alternative sources of supply or implement
other measures. Any negative impact on our suppliers from earthquakes or other natural disasters,
including disruption in the production of components used in our products or the ability of our
suppliers to transport such components, may affect the availability and price of components used in
our products. Other factors stemming from the March 11 events that could impact our suppliers in
Japan and our products include disruption of stable power supply, the impact of the damaged nuclear
power plant, including radiation contamination, infrastructure issues such as transportation
disruption, potential screening for radiation or other contamination, and workforce availability.
We were also impacted by power outages in the Totsuka area in March and April 2011 and there
is continued uncertainty regarding the availability of electrical power. Thus, there remains a
risk that we could in the future experience interruptions to our production or delays or other
constraints in obtaining key components and/or price increases related to such components that
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The ten-day interruption in our module manufacturing operations in Japan resulted in some loss
of revenue in the quarter ended March 31, 2011 and we expect the continuing effects of the
earthquake will impact our revenues into our quarter ending September 30, 2011. Although the value
of equipment and inventory damaged by the earthquake was minimal, we experienced approximately $1.0
million of idle capacity costs in the quarter ended March 31, 2011 and we expect to continue to
experience unutilized capacity costs into our quarter ending September 30, 2011.
While the March 11, 2011 earthquake did not directly damage our facilities to any significant
extent, Japan in general is subject to earthquakes. Earthquakes and other natural events beyond
our control can harm our business, financial condition and results of operation by causing, among
other things, production stoppages, the incurrence of significant costs, including, but not limited
to, increased cost of component parts, supply chain shortages, or reduced demand for our products
due to the impact of our customers or their supply chains.
We may not be able to obtain additional capital in the future, and failure to do so may harm our
business.
We believe that our existing balances of cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet
our cash needs to fund working capital, capital expenditures and our capital lease obligations for
at least the next 12 months. We may, however, require additional financing to fund our operations
in the future. Due to the unpredictable nature of the capital markets, particularly in the
technology sector, we cannot assure you that we will be able to raise additional capital if and
when it is required, especially if we experience disappointing operating results. If adequate
capital is not available to us as required, or is not available on favorable terms, we could be
required to significantly reduce or restructure our business operations. If we raise additional
funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of
our stockholders could be significantly diluted, and these newly issued securities may have rights,
preferences or privileges senior to those of existing stockholders.
If we fail to obtain the right to use others intellectual property rights necessary to operate
our business, our ability to succeed will be adversely affected.
Numerous patents in our industry are held by others, including our competitors and certain
academic institutions. Our competitors may seek to gain a competitive advantage or other third
parties may seek an economic return on their intellectual property portfolios by making
infringement claims against us. For example, on March 27, 2008, Furukawa Electric Co. (Furukawa)
filed a complaint against Opnext Japan, Inc., our wholly owned subsidiary (Opnext Japan),
alleging that certain laser diode modules sold by Opnext Japan infringe Furukawas Japanese Patent
No. 2,898,643. The complaint seeks an injunction as well as 300 million yen in royalty damages.
While the Tokyo District Court entered judgment in favor of Opnext Japan in February of 2010, the
judgment was appealed by Furukawa to the Intellectual Property High Court on March 9, 2010. While
we continue to defend ourselves vigorously in this litigation, the defense of this action has
required significant expenditures on our part. There can be no assurance that this action or other
actions which may in the future be filed against us will not result in a material recovery against,
or significant additional expenses to, us.
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In the future, we may need to obtain license rights to patents or other intellectual property
held by others to the extent necessary for our business. Unless we are able to obtain those
licenses on commercially reasonable terms, patents or other intellectual property held by others
could inhibit sales of our existing products and the development of new products for our markets.
Generally, a license, if granted, would include payments of up-front fees, ongoing royalties or
both. These payments or other terms could have a significant adverse impact on our operating
results. Our competitors may be able to obtain licenses or cross-license their technology on better
terms than we can, which could put us at a competitive disadvantage.
If we are unable to obtain a license from a third party, or successfully defeat their
infringement claim, we could be required to:
| cease the manufacture, use or sale of the infringing products, processes or technology; | ||
| pay substantial damages for past, present and future use of the infringing technology; | ||
| expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology; or | ||
| pay substantial damages to our customers or end users to discontinue use or replace infringing technology with non-infringing technology. |
Any of the foregoing results could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
We license our intellectual property to Hitachi and its wholly owned subsidiaries without
restriction. In addition, Hitachi is free to license certain of Hitachis intellectual property
that we use in our business to any third party, including our competitors, which could harm our
business and operating results.
We were initially created as a stand-alone entity by acquiring certain assets of Hitachi
through various transactions. In connection with these transactions, we acquired a number of
patents and know-how from Hitachi, but also granted Hitachi and its wholly owned subsidiaries a
perpetual right to continue to use those patents and know-how, as well as other patents and
know-how that we develop during a period ending in July 2011 (and October 2012 in certain cases).
This license back to Hitachi is broad and permits Hitachi to use this intellectual property for any
products or services anywhere in the world, including to compete with us.
Additionally, while significant intellectual property owned by Hitachi was assigned to us when
we were formed, Hitachi retained and only licensed to us the intellectual property rights to
underlying technologies used in both our products and the products of Hitachi. Under the agreement,
Hitachi remains free to license these intellectual property rights to the underlying technologies
to any party, including our competitors. The intellectual property that has been retained by
Hitachi and that can be licensed in this manner does not relate solely or primarily to one or more
of our products, or groups of products; rather, the intellectual property that is licensed to us by
Hitachi is generally used broadly across our entire product portfolio. Competition by third parties
using the underlying technologies retained by Hitachi could harm our business, financial condition
and operating results.
Our failure to protect our intellectual property may significantly harm our business.
Our success and ability to compete is dependent in part on our proprietary technology. We rely
on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, as well as confidentiality
agreements and internal procedures, to establish and protect our proprietary rights. Although a
number of patents have been issued to us and we have obtained a number of other patents as a result
of our
acquisitions, we cannot assure you that our issued patents will be upheld if challenged by
another party. Additionally, with respect to any patent applications that we have filed, we cannot
assure you that any patents will issue as a result of these applications. If we fail to protect our
intellectual property, we may not receive any return on the resources expended to create the
intellectual property or generate any competitive advantage based on it.
Pursuing infringers of our intellectual property rights can be costly.
Pursuing infringers of our proprietary rights could result in significant litigation costs,
and any failure to pursue infringers could result in our competitors utilizing our technology and
offering similar products, potentially resulting in loss of a competitive advantage and decreased
sales. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, existing patent, copyright, trademark
and trade secret laws afford only limited protection. In addition, the laws of some foreign
countries do not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as
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do the laws of the United
States. Protecting our intellectual property is difficult, especially after our employees or those
of our third-party contract manufacturers end their employment or engagement. We may have employees
leave us and go to work for competitors. Attempts may be made to copy or reverse-engineer aspects
of our products or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. Accordingly, we may
not be able to prevent misappropriation of our technology or prevent others from developing similar
technology. Furthermore, policing the unauthorized use of our intellectual property is difficult
and expensive. Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights or to
determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. For example, on May 27, 2011
Opnext Japan filed a complaint against Furukawa in the Tokyo District Court, alleging that certain
laser diode modules sold by Furukawa infringe Opnext Japans Japanese patent No. 3,887,174. Opnext
Japan is seeking an injunction as well as damages in the amount of 100 million yen. The costs and
diversion of resources from this or other litigation that may be necessary to enforce our
intellectual property rights could significantly harm our business. However, if we fail to protect
our intellectual property, we may not receive any return or an acceptable return on the resources
expended to create the intellectual property or generate any competitive advantage based on it.
Third parties may claim we are infringing their intellectual property rights, and we could be
prevented from selling our products or suffer significant litigation expense, even if these claims
have no merit.
Our competitive position is driven in part by our intellectual property and other proprietary
rights. Third parties, however, may claim that we, or our products, operations or any products or
technology we obtain from other parties are infringing their intellectual property rights, and we
may be unaware of intellectual property rights of others that may cover some of our assets,
technology and products. There may be third parties that refrained from asserting intellectual
property infringement claims against our products or processes while we were a majority-owned
subsidiary of Hitachi that may elect to pursue such claims now that we are no longer a
majority-owned subsidiary of Hitachi. For example, on March 27, 2008, Furukawa filed a complaint
against Opnext Japan, alleging that certain laser diode modules sold by Opnext Japan infringe
Furukawas Japanese Patent No. 2,898,643. The complaint seeks an injunction as well as 300 million
yen in royalty damages. While the Tokyo District Court entered judgment in favor of Opnext Japan in
February of 2010, the judgment was appealed by Furukawa to the Intellectual Property High Court on
March 9, 2010. While we continue to defend ourselves vigorously in this litigation, the defense of
this action has required significant expenditures on our part. There can be no assurances that
this action or other actions that might be brought against us in the future will not result in a
material recovery against, or significant additional expenses to, us.
In addition, from time to time we receive letters from third parties that allege we are
infringing their intellectual property and asking us to license such intellectual property, and we
review the merits of each such letter. Any litigation regarding patents, trademarks, copyrights or
other intellectual property rights, even those without merit, could be costly and time consuming,
and divert our management and key personnel from operating our business. The complexity of the
technology involved and inherent uncertainty and cost of intellectual property litigation increases
our risks. If any third party has a meritorious or successful claim that we are infringing its
intellectual property rights, we may be forced to change our products or manufacturing processes or
enter into a licensing arrangement with such third party, which may be costly or impractical,
particularly in the event we are subject to a contractual commitment to continue supplying impacted
products to one or more of our customers. This also may require us to stop selling our products as
currently engineered, which could harm our competitive position. We also may be subject to
significant damages or injunctions that prevent the further development and sale of certain of our
products or services and may result in a material decrease in sales.
The anticipated benefits of the acquisition of StrataLight may not be realized fully, or realized
at all, or may take longer to realize than expected.
Achieving the potential benefits of the acquisition of StrataLight depends in substantial part
on the successful integration of the two companies technologies, operations and personnel. We face
significant challenges in continuing to integrate StrataLights organization and operations. Some
of the challenges involved in this integration include:
| integrating product offerings and manufacturing activities; | ||
| coordinating sales and marketing efforts to effectively communicate our capabilities to customers; | ||
| coordinating and rationalizing research and development activities to enhance introduction of new products and technologies with reduced cost; and |
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| preserving important relationships of both Opnext and StrataLight and resolving potential conflicts that may arise. |
The integration of StrataLight has been and will continue to be a complex, time consuming and
expensive process and has and will continue to require significant attention from management and
other personnel, which may distract their attention from our day-to-day business. The diversion of
managements attention and any difficulties associated with integrating StrataLight into Opnext
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation
and could result in our not achieving the anticipated benefits of the acquisition.
We may not achieve strategic objectives, anticipated synergies and cost savings and other
potential benefits of the acquisition of StrataLight.
We expected to realize strategic and other financial and operating benefits as a result of the
acquisition of StrataLight, including, among other things, certain cost and sales synergies.
However, we cannot predict with certainty the extent to which these benefits will be or will
continue to be achieved or the timing of the realization of any such benefits. The following
factors, among others, may prevent or delay us from realizing these benefits:
| our inability to increase product sales; | ||
| our inability to make the significant capital expenditures required to develop StrataLights planned products; | ||
| unfavorable customer reaction to the our companys products; | ||
| competitive factors, including technological advances attained by competitors and patents granted to or contested by competitors, which would enhance their ability to compete against us; | ||
| the failure of key markets for our products to develop to the extent or as rapidly as expected; | ||
| changes in technology that increase the number of competitors we face or require us to develop competitive products; and | ||
| the failure to retain key employees. |
Failure to achieve the strategic objectives and anticipated potential benefits of the
acquisition could have a material adverse effect on our sales, levels of expenses and operating
results and could result in dilution in our earnings per share.
Potential future acquisitions may not generate the results expected and could be difficult to
integrate, divert the attention of key personnel, disrupt our business, dilute stockholder value
and impair our financial results.
As part of our business strategy, we may pursue acquisitions of companies, technologies and
products that we believe could accelerate our ability to compete in our core markets or allow us to
enter new markets. If we fail to manage the pursuit, consummation and integration of acquisitions
effectively, in particular during periods of industry uncertainty, our business could suffer. In
addition, if we fail to properly evaluate acquisitions, we may not achieve the anticipated benefits
of any such acquisitions, and we may incur costs in excess of what we anticipate. Acquisitions
involve numerous risks, any of which could harm our business, including:
| difficulties in integrating the manufacturing, operations, technologies, products, existing contracts, accounting and personnel of the target company and realizing the anticipated synergies of the combined businesses; | ||
| difficulties in supporting and transitioning customers, if any, of the acquired company; | ||
| diversion of financial and management resources from existing operations; | ||
| the price we pay or other resources that we devote may exceed the value we actually realize, or the value we could have realized if we had allocated the purchase price or other resources to another opportunity or for our existing operations; | ||
| risks associated with entering new markets in which we have limited or no experience; |
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| potential loss of key employees, customers and strategic alliances from either our current business or the acquired companys business; | ||
| assumption of unanticipated problems or latent liabilities, such as problems with the quality of the acquired companys products; | ||
| inability to generate sufficient revenue and profitability to offset acquisition costs; | ||
| equity-based acquisitions may have a dilutive effect on our stock; and | ||
| inability to successfully consummate transactions with identified acquisition candidates. |
There can be no assurance that any acquisition we might consummate will generate the
anticipated results. While we continue to believe that the acquisition of StrataLight, a high-speed
transport company that we acquired in January of 2009, complements our core of high speed client
technologies, StrataLight has not contributed the level of revenues we initially anticipated that
it would contribute to our overall results. For example, StrataLight contributed revenue of $16.7
million in the quarter ended March 31, 2011 as compared to revenue of $37.8 million in the quarter
ended March 31, 2009.
Acquisitions also frequently result in the recording of goodwill and other intangible assets
that are subject to potential impairments in the future that could harm our financial results. We
recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $5.7 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2008,
which represented the full amount of goodwill recorded at the time of the acquisition of Pine
Photonics Communications, Inc. In addition, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $62.0
million for the quarter ended March 31, 2009 in connection with the acquisition of StrataLight,
which represented the full amount of goodwill recorded in connection with such acquisition.
We could be subject to legal and regulatory consequences if we fail to comply with applicable
export control laws and regulations.
Exports of certain of our products are subject to export controls imposed by the U.S.
government and administered by the United States Departments of State and Commerce. In certain
instances, these regulations may require pre-shipment authorization from the administering
department. For products subject to the Export Administration Regulations, or EAR, administered by
the Department of Commerces Bureau of Industry and Security, the requirement for a license is
dependent on the type and end use of the product, the final destination, the identity of the end
user and whether a license exception might apply. Virtually all exports of products subject to the
International Traffic in Arms Regulations, or ITAR, administered by the Department of States
Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, require a license. In addition, products developed and
manufactured in our foreign locations are subject to export controls of the applicable foreign
nation.
Obtaining necessary export licenses can be difficult and time-consuming. Failure to obtain
necessary export licenses could significantly reduce our revenue and materially adversely affect
our business, financial condition and results of operations. We could be subject to investigation
and potential regulatory consequences, including, but not limited to, a no-action letter, monetary
penalties, debarment from government contracting or denial of export privileges and criminal
sanctions, any of which would adversely affect our results of operations and cash flow. Compliance
with U.S. government regulations may also subject us to significant fees and expenses, including
legal expenses, and require us to expend significant time and resources. Finally, the absence of
comparable restrictions on competitors in other countries may adversely affect our competitive
position.
Environmental laws and regulations may subject us to significant costs and liabilities.
Our operations include the use, generation and disposal of hazardous materials. We are subject
to various U.S. federal, state and foreign laws and regulations relating to the protection of the
environment, including those governing the use of hazardous substances, the management and disposal
of hazardous substances and wastes, the cleanup of contaminated sites and the maintenance of a safe
workplace. For example, the European Union enforced a mandatory requirement through a directive
concerning the Reduction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS 2002/95/EC), which required us to make
changes to our product line on a global basis to comply with the European directive, and may
institute similar or additional directives in the future. A rework or repair expense may be
incurred if products are shipped in non-compliance with such directives. These costs may exceed
compensation, if any, from parts suppliers, and
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could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operation. In the future, we could incur substantial
costs, including cleanup costs, as a result of violations of or liabilities under environmental
laws.
We were recently the target of securities class action complaints and are at risk of future
securities class action litigation. Any additional litigation could result in substantial costs to
us, drain our resources and divert our managements time and attention.
On February 20, 2008, a putative class action captioned Bixler v. Opnext, Inc., et al. was
filed in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (the Court) against us
and certain of our present and former directors and officers (the Individual Defendants),
alleging, inter alia, that the registration statement and prospectus issued in connection with our
initial public offering (the IPO) contained material misrepresentations in violation of federal
securities laws. In March 2008, two additional putative class actions were filed in the Court,
captioned Coleman v. Opnext, Inc., et al. and Johnson v. Opnext, Inc., et al., with similar
allegations and naming us, the Individual Defendants, our independent auditor and the underwriters
of the IPO as defendants. On May 22, 2008, the Court issued an order consolidating Bixler, Coleman,
and Johnson and, on July 30, 2008, a consolidated complaint was filed on behalf of all persons who
purchased our common stock on or before February 13, 2008, pursuant to or traceable to the IPO. On
November 6, 2008, our independent auditor was voluntarily dismissed from the action by plaintiff
without prejudice.
On September 8, 2009, the remaining parties, including us and the Individual Defendants,
entered into a Stipulation and Agreement of Settlement (the Settlement). On January 6, 2010, the
Court granted final approval of the Settlement, which approval is no longer subject to appeal. We
and the Individual Defendants have denied and continue to deny the claims asserted in the
consolidated action and entered into the Settlement solely to avoid the costs and risks associated
with further litigation. Under the terms of the Settlement, our insurer paid $2,000,000 to a
settlement fund that was used to pay eligible claimants and plaintiffs counsel, plaintiff
dismissed the consolidated action with prejudice and all defendants (including us and the
Individual Defendants) were released from any claims that were brought or could have been brought
in the consolidated action.
We incurred significant legal fees in responding to this lawsuit and the expense of defending
any additional litigation that may arise may also be significant. The amount of time that would be
required to resolve any future lawsuits could be unpredictable and any such litigation could divert
managements attention from the day-to-day operations of our business, which could adversely affect
our business, results of operations and cash flows.
A lack of effective internal control over financial reporting could result in an inability to
accurately report our financial results, which could lead to a loss of investor confidence in our
financial reports and have an adverse effect on our stock price.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports. If we
cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our business and operating results
could be harmed. We have in the past discovered, and may in the future discover, deficiencies in
our internal controls. For example, as more fully described in Item 9A of Amendment No. 1 to our
Annual Report filed on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007, our management
concluded that in the course of preparing our financial statements for the quarter ended December
31, 2007 errors occurred in the valuation of inventory consigned to one of our contract
manufacturers and that, as a result, our inventory and trade payables balances and the reported
amounts of cost of goods sold and other income (expense), net, were not properly reported for each
of the fiscal years ended March 31, 2006 and March 31, 2007, and for the quarters beginning
September 30, 2005 through March 31, 2007, and our inventory and trade payables balances and the
reported amount of cost of goods sold were not properly reported for the quarter ended June 30,
2007. As a result of these errors, we restated our audited financial statements for the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, and filed Amendment No. 1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007 to restate these financial statements, as well as
Amendment No. 1 to our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q/A for the fiscal quarters ended June 30, 2007
and September 30, 2007. These restatements caused our management to conclude that we had a material
weakness in our internal control over financial reporting because the controls did not identify the
errors on a timely basis. During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, our management implemented
processes and procedures that it believes remediated this weakness. As a result, our management
concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was operating effectively as of March
31, 2008 and for each subsequent quarterly period through the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011.
A failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in a
material misstatement of our financial statements or otherwise cause us to fail to meet our
financial reporting obligations. This, in turn, could result in a loss of investor confidence in
the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which could have an adverse effect on our
business, financial condition, operating results and our stock price, and we could be subject to
further stockholder litigation and the costs associated therewith.
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Prior to the closing of our acquisition of StrataLight, StrataLights independent registered
public accounting firm identified material weaknesses and significant deficiencies in StrataLights
internal control over financial reporting. The identified material weaknesses included a lack of
adequate financial statement resources and the lack of an appropriate level of qualified accounting
staff, which resulted in a failure to adequately maintain books and records relating to
non-recurring engineering arrangements and incorrect accounting for complex or unusual
transactions. StrataLight also had a material weakness with respect to inconsistency in the
effectiveness of the review over the inputs and analysis of warranty reserve, labor and overhead
capitalization and inventory valuation. These material weaknesses were identified by StrataLights
independent registered public accounting firm in connection with the audit of StrataLights
financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007, along with other matters involving its
internal controls that constituted significant deficiencies and control deficiencies.
The existence of a material weakness could result in errors or material misstatements in
financial statements. While we believe we have been successful in remediating StrataLights
material weakness, any recurrence of such material weaknesses, or any occurrence of other material
weaknesses, may make it difficult for us to report our future financial results accurately and in a
timely fashion. Because of the size of StrataLight in relation to Opnext, any errors resulting from
StrataLights material weaknesses, significant deficiencies or control deficiencies could result in
material misstatements to our future financial statements, which could cause an adverse effect on
the trading price of our common stock.
Our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income is
limited and may in the future be subject to further limitations.
As of December 31, 2009, we experienced an ownership change as that term is defined in
Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as Amended (Section 382), with the result of
limiting the availability of our net operating loss carryforwards and other related tax attributes
(NOLs) for future use. As a result of the ownership change, our U.S. federal and state NOLs
were reduced by $28.0 million and $40.2 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2009. Our U.S.
federal and state NOLs had been previously reduced by $15.8 million and $35.9 million,
respectively, as a result of prior acquisitions. After giving effect to such reductions, we had
U.S. federal, state and foreign NOLs of $148.3 million, $47.5 million and $267.5 million,
respectively, at March 31, 2011. Of the NOLs at March 31, 2011, $131.9 million of U.S. federal
NOLs and $33.7 million of state NOLs are subject to annual limitations in the amounts of $6.5
million and $2.7 million, respectively. There can be no assurance that in the future we will not
experience further limitations with respect to the utilization of our NOLs.
If we fail to retain our senior management and other key personnel or if we fail to attract
additional qualified personnel, we may not be able to achieve our anticipated level of growth and
our business could suffer.
Our future depends, in part, on our ability to attract and retain key personnel, including the
members of our senior management team and key technical personnel, each of whom would be difficult
to replace. The loss of services of members of our senior management team or key personnel or the
inability to continue to attract qualified personnel could have a material adverse effect on our
business. Competition for highly skilled technical personnel is extremely intense and we continue
to experience difficulty identifying and hiring qualified personnel in many areas of our business.
We may not be able to hire and retain qualified personnel at compensation levels consistent with
our existing compensation and salary structure. On April 1, 2009, we announced certain plans to
reduce our cost structure and operating expenses, including a ten percent reduction in executive
salaries and a five percent reduction in the salaries for other employees. Such salary reductions
remained in effect until March 31, 2010, at which time they were discontinued. There can be no
assurance that such measures will not adversely impact our ability to attract and retain key
personnel. In addition, some of the companies with which we compete for hiring experienced
employees have greater resources than we have. Further, in making employment decisions,
particularly in the high technology industries, job candidates often consider the value of the
equity they are to receive in connection with their employment. Therefore, significant volatility
in the price of our stock or the poor relative performance of our stock could adversely affect our
ability to attract or retain key technical or other personnel.
On December 10, 2010, Gilles Bouchard resigned from his position as our Chief Executive
Officer and President and our Board of Directors (the Board) appointed Harry Bosco, our Chairman
of the Board, to the position of Chief Executive Officer and President on an interim basis. Prior
to assuming the position of Chairman of the Board in April 2009, Mr. Bosco had served as our Chief
Executive
Officer and President and a member of the Board since our formation in November 2000. There
can be no assurance that we will be successful in identifying and attracting a permanent chief
executive officer nor can there be any assurance as to the timing of when we might be successful in
identifying and attracting a permanent chief executive officer.
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Hitachi and Clarity could effectively together control the outcome of shareholder actions in the
Company.
As of June 1, 2011, Hitachi held an approximately 31.4%, and Clarity Partners, L.P. and
Clarity Opnext Holdings II, LLC (collectively, Clarity) held an approximately 7.1%, equity
interest in the Company. In addition, Hitachi and Clarity Management, L.P. each hold fully vested
options to purchase 1,010,000 and 1,000,000 shares of our common stock, respectively, and they each
have employees who serve as members of our board of directors. Their equity shareholdings could
effectively give them the power to collectively control many or all actions that require
shareholder approval, including the election of our board of directors. Significant corporate
actions, including the incurrence of material indebtedness or the issuance of a material amount of
equity securities may require the consent of our shareholders. Hitachi and Clarity, collectively
or individually, might oppose any action that would dilute their respective equity interests in the
Company, and may be unable or unwilling to participate in future financings of the Company and
thereby materially harm our business and prospects.
We may have conflicts of interest with Hitachi and, because of Hitachis significant ownership
interest in the Company, may not be able to resolve such conflicts of interest on favorable terms
for us. For example, Hitachi has another majority-owned subsidiary, Hitachi Cable, Ltd., that
directly competes with us in certain 10Gbps 300 pin and LX4 applications and certain SFP
applications.
Certain provisions of our corporate governing documents and Delaware Law could make an acquisition
of our company difficult.
Certain provisions of our organizational documents and Delaware law could discourage potential
acquisition proposals, delay or prevent a change in control of the Company or limit the price that
investors may be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. For example, our
amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws:
| authorize the issuance of preferred stock that can be created and issued by our board of directors without prior stockholder approval, commonly referred to as blank check preferred stock, with rights senior to those of our common stock; | ||
| limit the persons who can call special stockholder meetings; | ||
| provide that a supermajority vote of our stockholders is required to amend some portions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws; | ||
| establish advance notice requirements to nominate persons for election to our board of directors or to propose matters that can be acted on by stockholders at stockholder meetings; | ||
| do not provide for cumulative voting in the election of directors; and | ||
| provide for the filling of vacancies on our board of directors by action of a majority of the directors and not by the stockholders. |
These and other provisions in our organizational documents could allow our board of directors
to affect the rights of our stockholders in a number of ways, including making it difficult for
stockholders to replace members of the board of directors. Because our board of directors is
responsible for approving the appointment of members of our management team, these provisions could
in turn affect any attempt to replace the current management team. These provisions could also
limit the price that investors would be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common
stock.
In addition to our governing documents, on June 18, 2009, our board of directors adopted a
shareholder rights plan (the Rights Plan) designed to protect our NOLs and other related tax
attributes that could be used to reduce future potential federal and state income tax obligations.
The rights were designed to deter stock accumulations made without prior approval from our board of
directors that would trigger an ownership change, as that term is defined in Section 382, with
the result of limiting the availability for future use of our NOLs. The Rights Plan was not adopted
in response to any known accumulation of shares of our stock and was approved by our stockholders
at our 2009 annual meeting of stockholders. On February 8, 2010, Marubeni Corporation filed a
Schedule 13G/A reporting events that, when taken together with other changes in ownership of our
common stock by our five percent or greater stockholders during the prior three-year period,
constituted an ownership change for us as that term is defined in Section 382, with the result of
limiting the availability of our NOLs and other related tax attributes for future use.
Notwithstanding such ownership change, the Rights Plan remains in place and may continue to deter
accumulations of shares of our common stock.
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Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law also imposes certain restrictions on
mergers and other business combinations between us and any holder of 15% or more of our common
stock that could have the effect of delaying, deferring or prohibiting a merger or other takeover
or a change of control of our company. Generally, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation
Law prohibits us from engaging in a business combination with any holder of 15% or more of our
common stock for a period of three years after the time that the stockholder acquired our common
stock, subject to certain exceptions.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
Not Applicable.
Item 2. Properties
We currently lease space in the United States, Japan, Germany and China.
We do not own any real property. We believe that our leased facilities are adequate to meet
our needs for the foreseeable future. The table below lists and describes the terms of our leased
properties:
Location | Approximate Square Feet | Function | Lease Expiration Date | |||
United States |
||||||
Eatontown, New Jersey
|
7,853 | Administration, Sales | August 31, 2011 | |||
Fremont, California
|
30,574 | Administration, Sales, Marketing, Manufacturing, Research and Development | November 30, 2013 | |||
Los Gatos,
California Building
1
|
33,290 | Administration, Marketing, Manufacturing, Research and Development | September 30, 2011 | |||
Los Gatos,
California Building
2
|
10,073 | Administration, Marketing, Research and Development | June 30, 2011 | |||
San Jose, California
(with a rent
commencement date on
or about September
1, 2011)
|
25,300 | Administration, Marketing, Research and Development | November 30, 2016 | |||
International |
||||||
Chiyoda-ku, Japan
|
2,330 (216 square meters) | Sales | June 11, 2012 (automatic 2-year extensions unless notice given by either party) | |||
Komoro, Japan
|
34,542 (3,209 square meters) | Manufacturing, Research and Development | March 31, 2016 (automatic 5-year extensions unless notice given by either party) | |||
Munich, Germany
|
2,992 (278 square meters) | Sales | October 31, 2012 | |||
Shanghai, China
|
1,356 (126 square meters) | Sales | January 21, 2014 | |||
Totsuka, Japan
|
115,852 (10,763 square meters) | Administration, Manufacturing, Research and Development | September 30, 2011 (automatic 1-year extensions unless notice given by either party) | |||
Kanazawa-ku, Japan
|
2,727 (253 square meters) | Research and Development | February 28, 2015 (automatic 2-year extensions unless notice given by either party) |
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
On March 27, 2008, Furukawa filed a complaint against Opnext Japan in the Tokyo District
Court, alleging that certain laser diode modules sold by the Company infringe the Furukawa Patent.
The complaint sought an injunction as well as 300 million yen in royalty damages. Opnext Japan
filed its answer on May 7, 2008 stating therein its belief that it does not infringe the Furukawa
Patent and that the Furukawa Patent is invalid. On February 24, 2010, the Tokyo District Court
entered judgment in favor of Opnext Japan, which judgment
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was appealed by Furukawa to the Intellectual Property High Court on March 9, 2010. We intend
to defend ourselves vigorously in this litigation.
On May 27, 2011, Opnext Japan filed a complaint against Furukawa in the Tokyo District Court,
alleging that certain laser diode modules sold by Furukawa infringe Opnext Japans Japanese patent
No. 3,887,174. Opnext Japan is seeking an injunction as well as damages in the amount of 100
million yen.
Item 4. Reserved
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PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder
Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Since the commencement of public trading of our common stock on February
15, 2007 in connection with our initial public offering, our common stock has traded
on the NASDAQ Market under the symbol OPXT. The following table sets forth the
range of high and low closing sale prices of our common stock for the periods
indicated:
High | Low | |||||||
Fiscal 2011 Quarter: |
||||||||
January 1, 2011 to March 31, 2011 |
4.19 | 1.84 | ||||||
October 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010 |
1.90 | 1.35 | ||||||
July 1, 2010 to September 30, 2010 |
1.85 | 1.36 | ||||||
April 1, 2010 to June 30, 2010 |
2.46 | 1.65 | ||||||
Fiscal 2010 Quarter: |
||||||||
January 1, 2010 to March 31, 2010 |
2.69 | 1.74 | ||||||
October 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009 |
3.20 | 1.75 | ||||||
July 1, 2009 to September 30, 2009 |
3.14 | 1.72 | ||||||
April 1, 2009 to June 30, 2009 |
2.53 | 1.72 |
The approximate number of stockholders of record as of June 3, 2011 was
364.
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Stock Performance Graph
The graph set forth below compares the cumulative total stockholder return
on our common stock between February 15, 2007 and March 31, 2011, with the cumulative
total return of (i) the NASDAQ Telecommunications Index, (ii) the NASDAQ Composite
Index and (iii) the Amex Networking Index, over the same period. This graph assumes
the investment of $100.00 on February 15, 2007 in each of our common stock, the
NASDAQ Telecommunications Index, the NASDAQ Composite Index and the Amex Networking
Index and assumes the reinvestment of dividends, if any. The graph assumes our
closing sale price on February 15, 2007 of $17.40 per share as the initial value of
our common stock. The comparisons shown in the graph below are based upon historical
data and are not necessarily indicative of potential future performance.
Prior to February 15, 2007, there was no public market for our securities
and, as a result, data for the period preceding February 15, 2007 is not presented on
the graph below.
2/15/2007 | 3/31/2007 | 3/31/2008 | 3/31/2009 | 3/31/2010 | 3/31/2011 | |||||||||||||||||||
Opnext, Inc. |
100.00 | 85.00 | 31.32 | 9.83 | 13.56 | 13.97 | ||||||||||||||||||
NASDAQ
Telecommunications
Index |
100.00 | 96.50 | 92.87 | 61.31 | 92.41 | 91.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
NASDAQ Composite Index |
100.00 | 96.98 | 91.27 | 61.21 | 96.03 | 111.37 | ||||||||||||||||||
Amex Networking Index |
100.00 | 95.74 | 84.07 | 52.82 | 100.57 | 130.72 |
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Dividend Policy
We have never declared, or paid, any cash dividends on our common stock and
we currently do not anticipate paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future.
Instead, we anticipate that any earnings on our common stock will be used to provide
working capital, to support our operations, and to finance the growth and development
of our business, including potentially the acquisition of, or investment in,
businesses, technologies or products that complement our existing business. Any
future determination relating to dividend policy will be made at the discretion of
our board of directors and will depend on a number of factors, including, but not
limited to, our future earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, future
prospects, applicable Delaware law, which provides that dividends are only payable
out of surplus or current net profits, and other factors our board of directors might
deem relevant.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
The following table summarizes our stock-based incentive plans as of March
31, 2011 that were approved or not approved by our stockholders (in thousands, except
per share data):
Number of Securities to be issued | Number of securities | |||||||||||
upon exercise of outstanding | Weighted-average | remaining available for | ||||||||||
options, stock appreciation rights | exercise | future issuance under equity | ||||||||||
and stock units | price | compensation plans | ||||||||||
Equity
compensation plans
approved by our
security holders |
13,778 | $ | 5.90 | 13,238 | ||||||||
Equity
compensation plans
not approved by our
security holders |
| $ | | | ||||||||
Repurchases of Equity
We made no repurchases of our common stock during our fourth fiscal quarter
ended March 31, 2011.
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The following consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2011 and 2010 and the
consolidated statements of operations data for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011,
2010 and 2009 have been derived from our audited financial statements and related notes
that are included elsewhere in this annual report. The consolidated balance sheet data
as of March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and the statement of operations data for the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 have been derived from our audited financial
statements and related notes that do not appear in this annual report. The consolidated
selected financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with our
consolidated financial statements, the related notes and Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere in this
annual report. The historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to
be expected for any future period.
Historical Financial Data
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated statements of
operations data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues(1) |
$ | 357,641 | $ | 319,132 | $ | 318,555 | $ | 283,498 | $ | 222,859 | ||||||||||
Cost of sales |
281,418 | 252,490 | 242,782 | 187,123 | 148,753 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of acquired developed
technology |
5,780 | 5,780 | 1,321 | | | |||||||||||||||
Gross margin |
70,443 | 60,862 | 74,452 | 96,375 | 74,106 | |||||||||||||||
19.7 | % | 19.1 | % | 23.4 | % | 34.0 | % | 33.3 | % | |||||||||||
Research and development expenses |
62,039 | 74,145 | 54,043 | 38,324 | 35,615 | |||||||||||||||
Selling, general, and administrative
expenses |
58,258 | 54,829 | 63,483 | 48,291 | 40,231 | |||||||||||||||
Impairment of goodwill |
| | 67,681 | | | |||||||||||||||
Acquired in-process research and
development |
| | 15,700 | | | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of purchased intangibles |
1,368 | 9,240 | 5,540 | | | |||||||||||||||
Loss on disposal of property and
equipment |
578 | 159 | 122 | 502 | 311 | |||||||||||||||
Operating (loss) income |
(51,800 | ) | (77,511 | ) | (132,117 | ) | 9,258 | (2,051 | ) | |||||||||||
Gain on sale of technology assets, net |
21,436 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Interest (expense) income, net |
(823 | ) | (615 | ) | 2,748 | 8,534 | 3,298 | |||||||||||||
Other
expense, net |
(494 | ) | (472 | ) | (187 | ) | (744 | ) | (551 | ) | ||||||||||
(Loss) income before income taxes |
(31,681 | ) | (78,598 | ) | (129,556 | ) | 17,048 | 696 | ||||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit |
(151 | ) | 85 | (16 | ) | | | |||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (31,832 | ) | $ | (78,513 | ) | $ | (129,572 | ) | $ | 17,048 | $ | 696 | |||||||
Net (loss) income per share: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | (0.35 | ) | $ | (0.88 | ) | $ | (1.86 | ) | $ | 0.26 | $ | 0.01 | |||||||
Diluted |
(0.35 | ) | (0.88 | ) | (1.86 | ) | 0.26 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average number of shares: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Basic |
89,904 | 88,952 | 69,775 | 64,598 | 53,432 | |||||||||||||||
Diluted |
89,904 | 88,952 | 69,775 | 64,633 | 53,486 | |||||||||||||||
Consolidated balance sheet data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 374,357 | $ | 370,298 | $ | 449,764 | $ | 432,459 | $ | 367,849 | ||||||||||
Long-term liabilities |
19,409 | 16,672 | 26,050 | 22,192 | 17,271 | |||||||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
236,226 | 253,540 | 320,537 | 323,078 | 290,657 |
(1) | Revenues include revenues attributable to StrataLight Communications, Inc. commencing January 9, 2009. |
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Selected Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)
The following table shows our unaudited consolidated quarterly statements of
operations data for each of the quarters in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and
2010. This information has been derived from our unaudited financial information,
which, in the opinion of management, has been prepared on the same basis as our
audited financial statements and includes all adjustments necessary for the fair
presentation of the financial information for the quarters presented. This
information should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and
related notes included elsewhere in this annual report.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, | Dec. 31, | Sept. 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 95,348 | $ | 97,051 | $ | 86,376 | $ | 78,866 | ||||||||
Gross margin |
18,703 | 19,362 | 17,587 | 14,791 | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) (1) |
9,035 | (10,180 | ) | (14,427 | ) | (16,260 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) per share: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 0.10 | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.16 | ) | $ | (0.18 | ) | |||||
Diluted |
0.10 | (0.11 | ) | (0.16 | ) | (0.18 | ) | |||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
89,964 | 89,892 | 89,889 | 89,873 | ||||||||||||
Diluted |
91,974 | 89,892 | 89,889 | 89,873 |
(1) | Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2011 included $21.4 million of net gain from the sale of technology assets, $1.9 million of stock-based compensation expense, and $1.8 million of amortization of purchased intangibles. Net loss for the three months ended December 31, 2010 included $2.4 million of stock-based compensation expense, $1.8 million of amortization of purchased intangibles, and $0.5 million of restructuring charges. Net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2010 included $1.9 million of stock-based compensation expense, $1.8 million of amortization of purchased intangibles, and $0.1 million of restructuring charges. Net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2010 included $2.0 million of stock-based compensation expense, $1.8 million of amortization of purchased intangibles, and $0.3 million of restructuring charges. |
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Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, | Dec. 31, | Sept. 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 76,783 | $ | 76,065 | $ | 80,975 | $ | 85,309 | ||||||||
Gross margin |
14,407 | 12,120 | 17,589 | 16,746 | ||||||||||||
Net loss (1) |
(18,303 | ) | (18,580 | ) | (17,913 | ) | (23,717 | ) | ||||||||
Net loss per share: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | (0.20 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | (0.20 | ) | $ | (0.27 | ) | ||||
Diluted |
(0.20 | ) | (0.21 | ) | (0.20 | ) | (0.27 | ) | ||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
89,392 | 88,960 | 88,769 | 88,656 | ||||||||||||
Diluted |
89,392 | 88,960 | 88,769 | 88,656 |
(1) | Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2010 included $1.8 million of amortization of purchased intangibles, $1.6 million of stock-based compensation expense, $0.3 million of restructuring charges and $0.1 million of StrataLight Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan expense. Net loss for the three months ended December 31, 2009 included $1.8 million of amortization of purchased intangibles, $1.7 million of stock-based compensation expense, $1.6 million of StrataLight Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan expense, $0.9 million of restructuring charges and $0.1 million of litigation expense. Net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2009 included $3.8 million of amortization of purchased intangibles, $2.9 million of StrataLight Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan expense, $1.7 million of stock-based compensation expense, $0.2 million of restructuring charges and $0.1 million of litigation expense. Net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2009 included $7.7 million of amortization of purchased intangibles, $2.8 million of StrataLight Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan expense, $1.6 million of stock-based compensation expense, $1.0 million of restructuring charges, $1.0 million attributable to purchase price accounting adjustments for inventory sold during the period, and $0.4 million of integration cost. |
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Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion relates to our consolidated financial statements
and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto
appearing elsewhere in this annual report. Statements contained in this Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations that are
not historical facts may be forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject
to certain risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ
materially from the forward-looking statement. Although the information is based on
our current expectations, actual results could vary from expectations stated in this
report. Numerous factors will affect our actual results, some of which are beyond our
control. These include current and future economic conditions and events and their
impact on us and our customers, the impact of natural events such as severe weather
or earthquakes in locations in which we, our customers, our contract manufacturers or
our suppliers operate, the strength of telecommunications and data communications
markets, competitive market conditions, interest rate levels, volatility in our stock
price, and capital market conditions. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance
on this information, which speaks only as of the date of this annual report. We
assume no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking information, whether as a
result of new information, future events or otherwise, except to the extent we are
required to do so in connection with our ongoing requirements under federal
securities laws to disclose material information. For a discussion of important risks
related to our business, and related to investing in our securities, including risks
that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from results and
events referred to in the forward-looking information, see Item 1A: Risk Factors and
the discussion under the captions Factors That May Influence Future Results of
Operations and Liquidity and Capital Resources below. In light of these risks,
uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this report
might not occur.
Overview and Background
We were incorporated as a wholly owned subsidiary of Hitachi, Ltd., or
Hitachi, in September of 2000. In July of 2001, Clarity Partners, L.P. and related
investment vehicles invested in us and we became a majority owned subsidiary of
Hitachi. In October 2002, we acquired Hitachis opto device business and expanded our
product line into select industrial and commercial markets. In June 2003, we acquired
Pine Photonics Communication Inc. (Pine) and expanded our product line of SFP
transceivers with data rates less than 10Gbps that are sold to telecommunication and
data communication customers. In February 2007, we completed our initial public
offering of common stock on the NASDAQ market. On January 9, 2009, we completed our
acquisition of StrataLight Communications, Inc. (StrataLight), which expanded our
product line to include 40Gbps subsystems.
We presently have sales and marketing offices in the U.S., Europe, Japan and
China, which are strategically located in close proximity to our major customers. We
also have research and development facilities that are co-located with each of our
manufacturing facilities in the U.S. and Japan. In addition, we use contract
manufacturing partners that are located in China, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan,
Thailand and the U.S. Certain of our contract manufacturing partners that assemble or
produce modules are strategically located close to our customers contract
manufacturing facilities to shorten lead times and enhance flexibility.
Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
On March 11, 2011, the northeast coast of Japan experienced a severe earthquake
followed by a tsunami, with continuing aftershocks from the earthquake. These
geological events caused significant damage in the region, including severe damage to
nuclear power plants, and impacted Japans power and other infrastructure as well as
its economy.
Our industrial and commercial production facility located in Komoro, Japan and
our Tokyo sales office were undamaged by the earthquake and operations at these
facilities resumed shortly following the earthquake. Our module assembly facility in
Totsuka, Japan suffered minor disruption from the earthquake and production at this
facility was reinstated on March 21, 2011. While our chip production facility in
Totsuka also suffered minor damage, production at this facility did not fully resume
until mid-April, however, due to the time required to recalibrate and verify the
proper operation of the equipment. While certain of our suppliers located in Japan
were also impacted by the earthquake and tsunami, we were generally able to obtain
alternative sources of supply or implement other measures.
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We were also impacted by power outages in the Totsuka area in March and April,
2011 and we are in the process of installing backup power systems to mitigate the
impact of any future interruptions. We expect these backup power
systems will be operational by the end of June 2011. Notwithstanding our
efforts, uncertainty exists with respect to the availability of electrical power.
Thus, there is a risk that we could in the future experience interruptions to our
production or delays or other constraints in obtaining key components and/or price
increases related to such components that could materially adversely affect our
financial condition and operating results.
The ten-day interruption in our module manufacturing operations resulted in some
loss of revenue in the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2011 and we expect the
continuing effects of the earthquake will impact our revenues into our fiscal quarter
ending September 30, 2011. Although the value of equipment and inventory damaged by
the earthquake was minimal, we experienced approximately $1.0 million of idle capacity
costs in the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2011. In addition, we expect to continue
to experience unutilized capacity costs into our fiscal quarter ending September 30,
2011, though such costs will likely be less than the approximately $1.0 million of
idle capacity costs we experienced in the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2011.
Acquisition of StrataLight
On January 9, 2009, we completed our acquisition of StrataLight, now
named Opnext Subsystems, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Opnext. The aggregate
consideration for such acquisition consisted of 26,545,455 shares of common stock and
$47.9 million in cash, including the impact of net purchase price adjustments
pursuant to the merger agreement. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and
2009, StrataLights operations contributed revenues of $47.1 million, $83.0 million
and $37.8 million, respectively. The decrease in StrataLight revenues for the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2011 compared to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 resulted
from a decline in sales of 40Gbp subsystems. StrataLight revenues have favorably
impacted our gross margin percentage as sales of StrataLight products generally have
higher relative margins. We also experienced incremental increases of research and
development and selling, general and administrative expenses related to the
StrataLight operations. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, in connection
with the acquisition of StrataLight, we expensed $15.7 million of in-process research
and development costs, and following the completion of the acquisition, we recognized
a goodwill impairment charge of $62.0 million.
Sale of Technology Assets
On February 9, 2011, Opnext Subsystems, Inc. (Opnext Subsystems) entered into
an Asset Purchase Agreement (the Purchase Agreement) with Juniper Networks, Inc.
(Juniper) to sell certain technology related to modem Application Specific
Integrated Circuits used for long haul/ultra-long optical transmission to Juniper for
$26 million (the Purchase Price), $23.5 million of which was paid simultaneously
with the execution of the Purchase Agreement and $2.5 million of which was paid on
May 6, 2011. Juniper has assumed all liabilities to the extent arising out of or
related to the ownership, use and operation of this technology following the sale, as
well as certain other liabilities relating to certain of Opnext Subsystems employees
to be hired by Juniper.
Revenues
Through our direct sales force supported by manufacturer representatives and
distributors, we sell products to many of the leading network systems vendors
throughout the Americas, Europe, Japan and the rest of Asia. Our customers include
many of the top telecommunications and data communications network systems vendors in
the world. We also supply components to several major transceiver module companies
and we sell to select industrial and commercial customers. Sales to telecommunication
and data communication customers, our communication sales, accounted for 91.5%, 95.1%
and 94.1% of our total revenues during each of the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011,
2010 and 2009, respectively. Also during each of the fiscal years ended March 31,
2011, 2010 and 2009, sales of our communications products with 10Gbps or lower data
rates, which we refer to as our 10Gbps and below products, represented 62.2%, 63.2%
and 74.7% of total revenues, respectively, while sales of our communications products
with 40Gbps or higher data rates, which we refer to as our 40Gbps and above
products, represented 29.0%, 31.8% and 19.3% of total revenues, respectively. The
term sales when used herein in reference to our 40Gbps and above products includes
revenues received pursuant to development agreements.
The number of leading network systems vendors that supply the global
telecommunications and data communications markets is concentrated, and so, in turn,
is our customer base. For the fiscal year ended March 31,
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2011, our top three
customers, Alcatel-Lucent, Cisco Systems Inc. and subsidiaries (Cisco) and Huawei
Technologies Co. Ltd. (Huawei), accounted for 44.7% in the aggregate of our
consolidated revenues. Although we
continue to attempt to expand our customer base, we anticipate that a small
number of customers will continue to represent a significant percentage of our total
revenues.
During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, sales
attributed to the Americas represented 40.0%, 45.4% and 49.8% of total revenues,
sales attributed to Asia Pacific (excluding Japan) represented 24.0, 14.6% and 9.7%
of total revenues, sales attributed to Europe represented 21.0%, 30.6% and 27.0% of
total revenues, and sales attributed to Japan represented 15.0%, 9.4% and 13.5% of
total revenues, respectively.
Because certain sales transactions and the related assets and liabilities are
denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily the Japanese yen, our
revenues are exposed to market risks related to fluctuations in foreign currency
exchange rates. For example, for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and
2009, 15.5%, 9.4% and 16.7% of our revenues were denominated in Japanese yen,
respectively. To the extent we continue to generate a significant portion of our
revenues in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, our revenues will continue to be
affected by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
Cost of Sales and Gross Margin
Our cost of sales primarily consists of materials including components that are
either assembled at one of our three internal manufacturing facilities or at one of
several of our contract manufacturing partners or procured from third-party vendors.
Because of the complexity and proprietary nature of laser manufacturing, and the
advantage of having our internal manufacturing resources co-located with our research
and development staffs, most of the lasers used in our optical module and component
products are manufactured in our facilities in Komoro and Totsuka, Japan. Our
materials include certain parts and components that are purchased from a limited
number of suppliers or, in certain situations, from a single supplier. Our cost of
sales also includes labor costs for employees and contract laborers engaged in the
production of our components and the assembly of our finished goods, outsourcing
costs, the cost and related depreciation of manufacturing equipment, as well as
manufacturing overhead costs, including the costs for product warranty repairs and
inventory adjustments for excess and obsolete inventory.
Our cost of sales is exposed to market risks related to fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates because a significant portion of our costs and the related
assets and liabilities are denominated in Japanese yen. During the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, approximately 44.9%, 37.2% and 60.5% of our cost of
sales were denominated in Japanese yen, respectively. The percentage decline during
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 was primarily attributable to the contribution
of cost of sales from the StrataLight operations, which are denominated in U.S.
dollars, and our ability to procure more raw materials denominated in U.S. dollars.
The percentage increase during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 was primarily
attributable to the decline in sales from the StrataLight operations as compared to
the prior year.
Our gross margins vary among our product lines and are generally higher on
our 40Gbps and above and longer distance 10Gbps products. Our gross margins are also
generally higher on products where we enjoy a greater degree of vertical integration
with respect to the subcomponents of such products. Our overall gross margins
primarily fluctuate as a result of our overall sales volumes, changes in average
selling prices and product mix, the introduction of new products and subsequent
generations of existing products, manufacturing yields, our ability to reduce product
costs and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. Our gross margins are also
impacted by amortization of acquired developed technology resulting from the
acquisition of StrataLight.
Research and Development Expense
Research and development expense consists primarily of salaries and benefits of
personnel related to the design, development and quality testing of new products or
enhancement of existing products, as well as outsourced services provided primarily
by Hitachis research laboratories pursuant to our contractual agreements. We
incurred $3.4 million, $4.1 million and $5.8 million of expenses in connection with
these agreements during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively. In addition, our research and development expense includes the cost of
developing prototypes and material costs associated with the testing of products
prior to shipment, the cost and related depreciation of equipment used in the testing
of products prior to shipment, and other contract research and development related
services.
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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and
benefits for our employees that perform our sales and related support, marketing,
supply chain management, finance, legal, information technology, human resource and
other general corporate functions, as well as internal and outsourced logistics and
distribution costs, commissions paid to our manufacturers representatives,
professional fees and other corporate related expenses. Selling, general and
administrative expenses also include the costs associated with pending litigation.
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, we experienced a decrease in our
selling, general and administrative expenses as we implemented certain expense
reduction measures in response to the weak macroeconomic environment and as we
benefitted from certain synergies associated with the integration of StrataLight.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased during the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2011, as certain temporary expense reduction measures expired.
Impairment of Goodwill
As a result of the significant deterioration in the macroeconomic environment
and the significant decrease in our market capitalization, for the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2009, we recorded aggregate write-downs of goodwill of $67.8 million
attributable to the previously completed acquisitions of StrataLight and Pine.
Inventory
Certain of our more significant customers have implemented a supply chain
management tool called vendor managed inventory (VMI) that requires suppliers, such
as us, to assume responsibility for maintaining an agreed upon level of consigned
inventory at the customers location or at a third-party logistics provider based on
the customers demand forecast. Notwithstanding the fact that we build and ship the
inventory, the customer does not purchase the consigned inventory until the inventory
is drawn or pulled by the customer or third-party logistics provider to be used in
the manufacture of the customers product. Though the consigned inventory may be at
the customers or the third-party logistics providers physical location, it remains
inventory owned by us until the inventory is drawn or pulled, which is the time at
which the sale takes place. Given that under such programs we are subject to the
production schedule and inventory management decisions of the customer or the
third-party logistics provider, our participation in VMI programs generally requires
us to carry higher levels of finished goods inventory than we might otherwise carry.
As of March 31, 2011 and 2010, inventories included inventory consigned to customers
or their third-party logistics providers pursuant to VMI arrangements of $9.7 million
and $7.5 million, respectively.
Income Taxes
We are subject to taxation in the United States, Japan and various state, local
and other foreign jurisdictions. Our U.S. income tax returns have been examined by
the Internal Revenue Service through the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008. Our New
Jersey corporate business tax returns and German tax returns have been examined by
the respective tax authorities through the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007. Our
Japan tax returns have been examined by the Japan tax authorities through the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2006.
As of December 31, 2009, we experienced an ownership change as that term is
defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as Amended, with the
result of limiting the availability of our net operating loss carryforwards and other
related tax attributes (NOLs) for future use. As a result of the ownership
change, our U.S. federal and state NOLs were reduced by $28.0 million and $40.2
million, respectively, as of December 31, 2009. Our U.S. federal and state NOLs had
been previously reduced by $15.8 million and $35.9 million, respectively, as a result
of prior acquisitions. After giving effect to such reductions, we had U.S. federal,
state and foreign NOLs of $148.3 million, $47.5 million and $267.5 million,
respectively, at March 31, 2011. Of the NOLs at March 31, 2011, $131.9 million of
U.S. federal NOLs and $33.7 million of state NOLs are subject to annual limitations
in the amounts of $6.5 million and $2.7 million, respectively.
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Factors That May Influence Future Results of Operations
Global Economic Conditions
In recent years, the credit and financial markets have experienced significant
volatility characterized by the bankruptcy, failure, collapse or sale of various
financial institutions, increased volatility in securities and commodities prices and
currency rates, severely diminished liquidity and credit availability, concern over
the economic stability of certain economies in Europe and a significant level of
intervention from the United States and other governments, as applicable. Continued
concerns about the systemic impact of potential long-term or widespread recession,
unemployment, energy costs, geopolitical issues including government deficits, the
availability and cost of credit, and reduced consumer confidence have contributed to
increased market volatility and diminished expectations for most developed and
emerging economies. While recent economic data reflect some stabilization of the
economy and credit markets, the cost and availability of credit may continue to
reflect volatility and uncertainty. Continued turbulence in the United States and
international markets and global economies could restrict our ability and the ability
of our customers to refinance indebtedness, increase the costs of borrowing, limit
access to capital necessary to meet liquidity needs and materially harm operations or
the ability to implement planned business strategies. With respect to our customers,
these factors could also negatively impact the timing and amount of infrastructure
spending, further negatively impacting our sales.
Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
The March 11, 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan resulted in a ten-day
interruption in our manufacturing operations at our module assembly facility in
Totsuka, Japan and an approximately five-week disruption to full production at our chip
production facility also located in Totsuka. Certain of our suppliers located in Japan
were also impacted by the earthquake and tsunami, and in certain instances we had to
obtain alternative sources of supply or implement other measures.
These events in Japan caused significant damage to Japans power infrastructure
and, during March and April 2011, we were impacted by power outages in the Totsuka
area. While we are in the process of installing backup power systems to mitigate the
impact of any future interruptions, uncertainty still exists with respect to the
availability of electrical power. Thus, there is a risk that we could in the future
experience interruptions to our production or delays or other constraints in obtaining
key components and/or price increases related to such components that could materially
adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.
We expect the continuing effects of the earthquake will impact our revenues into
our fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2011.
Fluctuations of the Japanese Yen and the U.S. Dollar
The Japanese yen has appreciated significantly relative to the U.S. dollar in the
past several years. For example, one U.S. dollar approximated 100 Japanese yen on March
31, 2008 and 83 Japanese yen on March 31, 2011. Our operating results are sensitive to
fluctuations in the relative value of the Japanese yen and U.S. dollar because certain
of our sales, costs and expenses and the related assets and liabilities are denominated
in Japanese yen. As a result, fluctuations in the relative value of the Japanese yen
and U.S. dollar impact both our revenues and our operating costs. Our sales denominated
in Japanese yen represented 15.5%, 9.4% and 16.7% of our revenues in the fiscal years
ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The percentage of our cost of sales
denominated in Japanese yen during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
were 44.9%, 37.2% and 60.5%, respectively. While we anticipate that we will continue to
have a substantial portion of our cost of sales denominated in Japanese yen, we expect
the percentage of cost of sales denominated in Japanese yen to diminish as we expand
the use of contract manufacturers outside of Japan and procure more raw materials in
U.S. dollars. Nonetheless, continued appreciation in the value of the Japanese yen
relative to the U.S. dollar could increase our operating costs and, therefore,
adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, to the
extent we continue to generate a significant portion of our sales in Japanese yen or
other currencies, our future revenues will continue to be affected by foreign currency
exchange rate fluctuations, and could be materially adversely affected.
Expiration of Temporary Expense Reduction Initiatives
On April 1, 2009, we announced certain measures intended to reduce our cost
structure and operating expenses,
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including, but not limited to, an approximately ten
percent reduction in our global workforce, elimination of bonuses for the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2010, a ten percent reduction in executive salaries and director cash
compensation, a five percent reduction in salaries for other employees, and
suspension of our matching contribution to the 401(k) plan. In October 2009, we
further reduced our global workforce by approximately five percent. Executive
salaries, director cash compensation and the salaries for other employees were
reinstated to their prior levels effective April 1, 2010, increasing our annual cost
and operating expense structure by approximately $4.5 million over the reduced
levels. Our matching contribution to the 401(k) plan was reinstated effective April
1, 2011.
Impact of Price Declines and Supply Constraints on Revenues
Our revenues are affected by capital spending of our customers for
telecommunications and data communications networks and for lasers and infrared LEDs
used in select industrial and commercial markets. The primary markets for our
products continue to be characterized by increasing demand, primarily driven by
increases in traditional telecommunication and data communication traffic and
increasing demand for high bandwidth applications, such as video and music downloads
and streaming, on-line gaming, peer-to-peer file sharing and IPTV, as well as new
industrial and commercial laser applications. The increased unit volumes as service
providers deploy network systems has contributed along with intense price
competition among optical component manufacturers, excess capacity, and the
introduction of next generation products to the market for optical components
continuing to be characterized by declining average selling prices. In recent years,
we have observed a modest acceleration in the decline of average selling prices. We
anticipate that our average selling prices will continue to decrease in future
periods, although we cannot predict the extent of these decreases for any particular
period.
Our revenues are also impacted by our ability to procure critical component parts
for our products from our suppliers. During the last several years, the number of
suppliers of component parts has decreased significantly and, more recently, demand for
component parts has increased rapidly. Any supply deficiencies relating to the quality
or quantities of components we use to manufacture our products can adversely affect our
ability to fulfill customer orders and our results of operations. For example, during
the calendar year ended December 31, 2010, we experienced significant limitations on
the availability of components from certain of our suppliers, resulting in losses of
anticipated sales and the related revenues. While we did not experience such component
limitations in the quarter ended March 31, 2011, we cannot be assured that such
limitations will not reoccur in the future.
Effect of Product Life Cycle on Gross Margins
In recent periods, certain of our products that operate at 10Gbps data rates
have generated reduced gross margins, which reduced margins we believe are
attributable to, among other factors, the increased average age of such products,
delays in the development of certain internal subcomponents, our low level of
vertical integration, as well as intensified competition in these product groups. To
the extent that we are unable to introduce, or experience delays in introducing, the
next generation of these products, or to the extent we are unsuccessful in achieving
a desirable level of vertical integration with respect to the subcomponents of these
products, we may continue to experience diminished gross margins in connection with
the sales of these products.
We experienced five consecutive quarterly declines in sales of our 40Gbps
subsystems products through the quarter ended June 30, 2010. Although sales of these
products increased in the quarter ended March 31, 2011 relative to the previous
quarter, reoccurrence of an unfavorable sales trend in these products or other 40Gbs
and above products could negatively affect future gross margins, given that our gross
margins are generally higher on these products.
Research and Development Expense
Our research and development costs increased during the fiscal year ended March
31, 2010 relative to the prior fiscal year as a result of the full-year contribution
of StrataLights operations and decreased during the fiscal year ended March 31,
2011, as several advanced development programs transitioned to new product
introduction efforts. In the future, we expect these costs to vary with our efforts
to meet the anticipated market demand for our new and planned future products and to
support enhancements to our existing products.
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Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates
Revenue Recognition, Warranties and Allowances
Revenue is derived principally from the sales of our products. We recognize
revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists (usually in the form of a
purchase order), delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, title and risk
of loss have passed to the customer, the price is fixed or determinable and
collection is reasonably assured based on the creditworthiness of the customer and
certainty of customer acceptance. These conditions generally exist upon shipment or
upon notice from certain customers in Japan that they have completed their inspection
and have accepted the product.
We participate in VMI programs with certain of our customers, whereby we
maintain an agreed upon quantity of certain products at a customer-designated
warehouse. Revenue pursuant to the VMI programs is recognized when the products are
physically pulled by the customer, or its designated contract manufacturer, and put
into production. Simultaneous with the inventory pulls, purchase orders are received
from the customer, or its designated contract manufacturer, as evidence that a
purchase request and delivery have occurred and that title has passed to the customer
at a previously agreed upon price.
We sell certain of our products to customers with a product warranty that
provides repairs at no cost or the issuance of a credit to the customer. The length
of the warranty term depends on the product being sold, ranging from one year to five
years. In addition to accruing for specific known warranty exposures, we accrue the
estimated exposure to warranty claims based upon historical claim costs as a
percentage of sales multiplied by prior sales still under warranty at the end of any
period. Our management reviews these estimates on a regular basis and adjusts the
warranty provisions as actual experience differs from historical estimates or as
other information becomes available.
Allowances for doubtful accounts are based upon historical payment
patterns, aging of accounts receivable and actual write-off history, as well as
assessments of customers creditworthiness. Changes in the financial condition of
customers could have an effect on the allowance balance required and result in a
related charge or credit to earnings.
Inventory Valuation
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in,
first-out basis, or market. Inventories consist of raw materials, work-in-process and
finished goods, including inventory consigned to our customers and our contract
manufacturers. Inventory valuation and firm committed purchase order assessments are
performed on a quarterly basis and those items that are identified to be obsolete or
in excess of forecasted usage are written down to their estimated realizable value.
Estimates of realizable value are based upon managements analyses and assumptions,
including, but not limited to, forecasted sales levels by product, expected product
lifecycle, product development plans and future demand requirements. We typically use
a 12-month rolling forecast based on factors, including, but not limited to, our
production cycles, anticipated product orders, marketing forecasts, backlog, shipment
activities and inventories owned by us but part of VMI programs and held at customer
locations. If market conditions are less favorable than our forecasts or actual
demand from our customers is lower than our estimates, we may require additional
inventory write-downs. If demand is higher than expected, inventories that had
previously been written down may be sold.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Under this
method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future
tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying
amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and
operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax
assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the consolidated
statements of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation
allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets if it is
more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers
whether it is more likely than not that
some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. At March
31, 2011 and 2010, management considered recent operating results, near-term earnings
expectations, and the highly competitive nature of our markets in making this
assessment. At the end of each of the respective years, management determined that it
was more likely than not that the full tax benefit of the deferred tax assets would
not be realized. Accordingly, full valuation allowances have been provided against
the net deferred tax assets. There can be no assurance that deferred tax assets
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subject to our valuation allowance will ever be realized.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, are reviewed for
impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying
amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and
used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated
undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying
amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an
impairment charge is recognized in an amount equal to the amount by which the
carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. In estimating
future cash flows, assets are grouped at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows
that are largely independent of cash flows from other groups. Assumptions underlying
future cash flow estimates are subject to risks and uncertainties. Our evaluations
for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 indicated that no
impairments were required to be recorded.
Goodwill and Business Combinations
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of net
assets acquired. We account for acquisitions using the purchase method of accounting.
Amounts paid for each acquisition are allocated to the assets acquired and
liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the date of acquisition. We then
allocate the purchase price in excess of tangible assets acquired to identifiable
intangible assets based on valuations that use information and assumptions provided
by management. We allocate any excess purchase price over the fair value of net
tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed to goodwill.
We use a two-step impairment test to identify potential goodwill impairment and
measure the amount of the goodwill impairment loss to be recognized. In the first
step, the fair value of each reporting unit is compared to its carrying value to
determine if the goodwill is impaired. If the fair value of the reporting unit
exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit, then the goodwill
is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the carrying value of the net
assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, then a second step is
performed in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting units
goodwill and an impairment loss is recorded in an amount equal to the difference
between the implied fair value and the carrying value of the goodwill.
Based upon the impairment analyses performed during the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2009, we recorded aggregate goodwill impairment charges of $67.8 million
attributable to the acquisitions of StrataLight and Pine. The Company had no recorded
goodwill at March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.
Stock-Based Incentive Plans
All equity-based payments, including grants of employee stock options, are
recognized in our financial statements based on their grant-date fair value. We
estimate the fair value of our share-based awards utilizing the Black-Scholes pricing
model. The fair value of the awards is amortized as compensation expense on a
straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is
generally the vesting period. The fair value calculations involve significant
judgments, assumptions, estimates and complexities that impact the amount of
compensation expense to be recorded in current and future periods. The factors
include:
| The time period our stock-based awards are expected to remain outstanding has been determined based on the average of the original award period and the remaining vesting period in accordance with the SECs simplified method. Our expected term assumption for awards issued during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was 4.6 years, 4.5 years and 4.9 years, respectively. As additional evidence develops from our option activity, the expected term assumption may be refined to capture more relevant trends. | ||
| We estimated volatility based on our historical stock prices. The expected volatility assumption for awards issued during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was 82.6%, 86.2% and 83.5%, respectively. | ||
| A dividend yield of zero has been assumed for awards issued during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 based on our actual past experience and the fact that we do not anticipate paying a dividend on our shares in the near future. | ||
| We have based our risk-free interest rate assumption for awards issued during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 on the implied weighted-average yields of 2.0%, 2.1% and 2.3%, respectively, available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent expected term. |
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| Forfeiture rates for awards issued during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 have been estimated based on our actual historical forfeiture trends of approximately 10% over their expected terms. |
Compensation expense
for all employee stock-based awards was $8.2 million, $6.6
million and $5.6 million for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of sales
and expenses during the periods reported. These estimates are based on historical
experience and on assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the
circumstances. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of
revisions are reflected in the period that they are determined to be necessary. These
estimates include assessments of the ability to collect accounts receivable, the use
and recoverability of inventory, the realization of deferred tax assets, expected
warranty costs, fair value of stock awards, purchased tangible and intangible assets
and liabilities in business combinations, and estimated useful lives for depreciation
and amortization periods of tangible and intangible assets, among others. Actual
results may differ from these estimates, and the estimates will change under
different assumptions or conditions.
Results of Operations for the Fiscal Years Ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
The following table reflects the results of our operations in U.S. dollars
and as a percentage of revenue. Our historical operating results may not be
indicative of the results of any future period.
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (as percentage of revenue) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 357,641 | $ | 319,132 | $ | 318,555 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales |
281,418 | 252,490 | 242,782 | 78.7 | % | 79.1 | % | 76.2 | % | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of acquired
developed technology |
5,780 | 5,780 | 1,321 | 1.6 | % | 1.8 | % | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
Gross margin |
70,443 | 60,862 | 74,452 | 19.7 | % | 19.1 | % | 23.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
Research and development expenses |
62,039 | 74,145 | 54,043 | 17.3 | % | 23.3 | % | 17.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
Selling, general and
administrative expenses |
58,258 | 54,829 | 63,483 | 16.3 | % | 17.2 | % | 19.9 | % | |||||||||||||||
Impairment of goodwill |
| | 67,681 | | | 21.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Acquired in-process research and
development |
| | 15,700 | | | 4.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Amortization of purchased
intangibles |
1,368 | 9,240 | 5,540 | 0.4 | % | 2.9 | % | 1.7 | % | |||||||||||||||
Loss on disposal of property and
equipment |
578 | 159 | 122 | 0.2 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
Operating loss |
(51,800 | ) | (77,511 | ) | (132,117 | ) | (14.5 | )% | (24.3 | )% | (41.5 | )% | ||||||||||||
Gain on sale of technology
assets, net |
21,436 | | | 6.0 | % | | | |||||||||||||||||
Interest (expense) income, net |
(823 | ) | (615 | ) | 2,748 | (0.2 | )% | (0.2 | )% | 0.9 | % | |||||||||||||
Other expense, net |
(494 | ) | (472 | ) | (187 | ) | (0.1 | )% | (0.1 | )% | (0.1 | )% | ||||||||||||
Loss before income taxes |
(31,681 | ) | (78,598 | ) | (129,556 | ) | (8.9 | )% | (24.6 | )% | (40.7 | )% | ||||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit |
(151 | ) | 85 | (16 | ) | (0.0 | )% | 0.0 | % | (0.0 | )% | |||||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (31,832 | ) | $ | (78,513 | ) | $ | (129,572 | ) | (8.9 | )% | (24.6 | )% | (40.7 | )% | |||||||||
Comparison of the Fiscal Years Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
Revenues. Total revenues increased $38.5 million, or 12.1%, to $357.6
million in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 from $319.1 million in the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2010, including a $3.6 million increase from fluctuations in
foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by lower average selling prices.
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For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, sales of our 10Gbps and below products
increased $20.7 million, or 10.3%, to $222.2 million, while 40Gbps and above sales
increased $3.0 million, or 2.9%, to $104.9 million and sales of our industrial and
commercial products increased $14.8 million, or 94.3%, to $30.5 million. The increase
in sales of our 10Gbps and below products primarily resulted from increased demand
for our XFP and SFP+ modules, partially offset by lower demand for our Xenpak
modules. The increase in 40Gbps and above sales primarily resulted from increased
demand for our 40Gbps and 100Gbps modules partially offset by lower demand for 40Gbps
subsystems.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, sales to three customers,
Alcatel-Lucent, Cisco and Huawei, together accounted for 44.7% of total revenues. For
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, sales to two customers, Cisco and Nokia Siemens
Networks (NSN), together accounted for 44.8% of total revenues. No other customer
accounted for more than 10% of total revenues in either such year.
Gross Margin. Gross margin increased $9.6 million, or 15.7%, to $70.4 million
in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 from $60.9 million in the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2010. Gross margin for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 included a
negative effect of $3.2 million attributable to unfavorable foreign currency exchange
rate fluctuations, net of the impact from foreign currency exchange forward
contracts. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we incurred $5.8
million of amortization of acquired developed technology associated with the
StrataLight acquisition, and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, we incurred
$1.0 million of charges attributable to a purchase price accounting adjustment for
inventory and $0.9 million of Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan expense, each associated
with the StrataLight acquisition. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and
2010, gross margin included charges for excess and obsolete inventory of $3.0 million
and $4.1 million, respectively.
As a percentage of revenue, gross margin increased to 19.7% for the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2011 from 19.1% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010. This
increase was primarily attributable to reduced charges associated with the StrataLight
acquisition, reduced charges for excess and obsolete inventory and provision for
warranty, partially offset by lower average selling prices and an unfavorable impact
from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and hedging programs.
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses
decreased $12.1 million, or 16.3%, to $62.0 million in the fiscal year ended March
31, 2011 from $74.1 million in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, notwithstanding
a $2.6 million increase attributable to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange
rates. Research and development expenses decreased as a percentage of sales to 17.3%
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 from 23.3% for the fiscal year ended March
31, 2010. The decrease in research and development expenses was primarily the result
of the elimination of Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan expense associated with the
acquisition of StrataLight and reduced outsourcing services provided primarily by
Hitachis research laboratories and other outsourcing service providers.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and
administrative expenses increased by $3.5 million, or 6.3%, to $58.3 million in the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 from $54.8 million in the fiscal year ended March
31, 2010, including a $1.3 million increase attributable to fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased as a
percentage of sales to 16.3% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 from 17.2% for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010. The increase in selling, general and
administrative expenses was principally attributable to employee expenses, including
severance costs, restoration of executive and other employee salaries to prior levels
upon expiration of the expense reduction measures in effect during the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2010, stock-based expenses associated with the departure of the
Companys chief executive officer, as well as unfavorable fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates.
Amortization of Purchased Intangibles. Amortization of purchased
intangibles related to the acquisition of StrataLight was $1.4 million and $9.2
million for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. For the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, the $1.4 of amortization was related to customer
relationships. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, the amortization consisted
of $7.9 million related to order backlog and $1.3 million related to customer
relationships.
Loss on Disposal of Property and Equipment. Loss on disposal of property
and equipment was $0.6 million and $0.2 million for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2011 and 2010, respectively.
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Gain on Sale of Technology Assets, Net. Gain on sale of technology assets, net
was $21.4 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011. Total proceeds from the
sale were $23.5 million, partially offset by $2.1 million of associated direct
expenses.
Interest Expense, Net. Interest expense, net increased by $0.2 million to $0.8
million in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 from $0.6 million in the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2010. Interest expense, net for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011
and 2010 consisted of interest expense on short-term debt and capital leases offset
by interest earned on cash and cash equivalents. The increase primarily reflected the
increase in interest rates and the reduction in cash and cash equivalent balances
over the respective periods.
Other Expense, Net. Other expense, net was $0.5 million for each of the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and consisted primarily of net
exchange losses on foreign currency transactions.
Income Taxes. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, we recorded a
current income tax expense of $151,000 attributable to income earned in certain
foreign and state tax jurisdictions. In other tax jurisdictions, we generated
operating losses and recorded a valuation allowance to offset potential income tax
benefits associated with these operating losses.
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, we recorded an $85,000 current
income tax benefit resulting from a U.S. Federal income tax benefit of $228,000 due
to acceleration of research credits under the 2008 Housing and Economic Recovery Act,
partially offset by an income tax expense of $143,000 attributable to income earned
in certain foreign and state tax jurisdictions. In other tax jurisdictions, we
generated operating losses and recorded a valuation allowance to offset potential
income tax benefits associated with these operating losses.
Because of the uncertainty regarding the timing and extent of our future
profitability, we have recorded a valuation allowance to offset potential income tax
benefits associated with our operating losses and other net deferred tax assets.
There can be no assurance that deferred tax assets subject to our valuation allowance
will ever be realized.
Comparison of the Fiscal Years Ended March 31, 2010 and 2009
Revenues. Total revenues increased $0.5 million, or 0.2%, to $319.1
million in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 from $318.6 million in the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2009, primarily as a result of a $45.2 million increase in sales
of StrataLight products and a $1.4 million increase from fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates,
partially offset by lower sales volumes of other communication and industrial
and commercial products as well as lower average selling prices.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, sales of our 10Gbps and below products
decreased $36.2 million, or 15.2%, to $201.8 million, while 40Gbps and above sales
increased $40.0 million, or 64.9%, to $101.6 million. The decrease in sales of our
10Gbps and below products primarily resulted from decreased demand for our 300 pin
tunable and fixed wavelength, Xenpak and SFP modules, partially offset by higher
demand for our XFP products. The increase in 40Gbps and above sales primarily
resulted from the acquisition of StrataLight. Sales of our industrial and commercial
products decreased $3.2 million, or 16.9%, to $15.7 million.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, sales to two customers, Cisco and NSN,
together accounted for 44.8% of revenues. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009,
sales to two customers, Cisco and Alcatel-Lucent, together accounted for 48.2% of
revenues. No other customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenues in either
such year.
Gross Margin. Gross margin decreased $13.4 million, or 18.3%, to $60.9 million
in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 from $74.5 million in the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2009. Gross margin for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 included
negative effects of $4.5 million from increased acquired developed technology
amortization associated with the StrataLight acquisition, and $4.4 million
attributable to unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, net of the
impact from foreign currency exchange forward contracts. Additional costs associated
with the StrataLight acquisition that were incurred during the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2010 and 2009 include $5.8 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of
amortization of acquired developed technology, $1.0 million and $1.8 million,
respectively, of charges attributable to the purchase price accounting adjustment for
inventory, and $0.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively, of Employee Liquidity
Bonus Plan expense. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2010
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and 2009, gross
margin included charges for excess and obsolete inventory of $4.1 million and $10.4
million, respectively.
As a percentage of revenue, gross margin decreased to 19.1% for the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2010 from 23.4% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. This
decline was primarily attributable to higher per unit manufacturing costs derived
from lower sales volumes, lower average selling prices, higher acquired developed
technology amortization and an unfavorable impact from foreign currency exchange rate
fluctuations and hedging programs, partially offset by higher relative margins from
sales of StrataLight products, lower fixed manufacturing, material and outsourcing
costs as well as lower excess and obsolete inventory and warranty charges.
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses
increased $20.1 million, or 37.2%, to $74.1 million in the fiscal year ended March
31, 2010 from $54.0 million in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, including a $2.2
million increase attributable to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
Research and development expenses increased as a percentage of sales to 23.3% for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 from 17.0% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009.
The increase in research and development expenses was primarily the result of the
acquisition of StrataLight, and was partially offset by reduced outsourcing services
provided by Hitachis research laboratories, as well as lower employee and material
costs.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and
administrative expenses decreased by $8.7 million, or 13.6%, to $54.8 million in the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 from $63.5 million in the fiscal year ended March
31, 2009, including a $1.3 million increase attributable to fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased as a
percentage of sales to 17.2% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 from 19.9% for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. The decrease in selling, general and
administrative expenses was principally attributable to lower Employee Liquidity
Bonus Plan costs associated with the acquisition of StrataLight, as well as lower
commission, logistics, litigation, bad debt and employee costs, partially offset by
the full year impact of selling general and administrative costs resulting from the
acquisition of StrataLight.
Impairment of Goodwill. As part of the annual assessment of goodwill completed
during the quarter ended March
31, 2009, there were significant indicators to conclude that an impairment of the
goodwill associated with the acquisition of StrataLight on January 9, 2009 may have
occurred. This conclusion was based on the significant decrease in our market
capitalization and a significant deterioration in the macroeconomic environment from
the time of the acquisition announcement on July 9, 2008 through March 31, 2009. We
concluded in the impairment analysis that the carrying value of the goodwill
associated with the StrataLight acquisition exceeded its fair value. As a result, we
recorded an impairment charge of $62.0 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2009,
which represented the full amount of goodwill recorded in connection with the
acquisition.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, there were sufficient indicators to
require an interim goodwill impairment analysis, including a significant decrease in
our market capitalization and a significant deterioration in the macroeconomic
environment largely caused by the widespread unavailability of business and consumer
credit. Based upon the interim goodwill impairment analysis conducted, an impairment
was indicated and we recorded a $5.7 million charge, which represented the full amount
of goodwill recorded in connection with the Pine acquisition. As a result of such
impairments, goodwill was $0 at March 31, 2010 and 2009.
Acquired In-process Research and Development. We incurred $15.7 million of
in-process research and development expenses for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009
related to the StrataLight acquisition. We incurred no in-process research and
development expenses for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010.
Amortization of Purchased Intangibles. Amortization of purchased intangibles
related to the acquisition of StrataLight was $9.2 million and $5.5 million for the
fiscal years ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. For the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2010, the amortization consisted of $7.9 million related to order backlog
and $1.3 million related to customer relationships. For the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2009, the amortization consisted of $5.2 million related to order
backlog and $0.3 million related to customer relationships.
Loss on Disposal of Property and Equipment. Loss on disposal of property
and equipment was $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2010 and 2009, respectively.
Interest (Expense) Income, Net. Interest (expense) income, net decreased
by $3.3 million to $0.6 million of
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interest expense, net in the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2010 from $2.7 million of interest income, net in the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2009. Interest (expense) income, net for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2010 and 2009 consisted of interest earned on cash and cash equivalents offset by
interest expense on short-term debt and capital leases. The decrease primarily
reflects the decline in interest rates and the reduction in cash and cash equivalent
balances over the respective periods.
Other Expense, Net. Other expense, net was $0.5 million and $0.2 million
for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and consisted
primarily of net exchange losses on foreign currency transactions.
Income Taxes. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, we recorded an
$85,000 current income tax benefit resulting from a U.S. Federal income tax benefit
of $228,000 due to acceleration of research credits under the 2008 Housing and
Economic Recovery Act, partially offset by an income tax expense of $143,000
attributable to income earned in certain foreign and state tax jurisdictions. In
other tax jurisdictions, we generated operating losses and recorded a valuation
allowance to offset potential income tax benefits associated with these operating
losses.
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, we recorded current income tax
expense of $16,000. The expense was attributable to income earned in certain foreign
tax jurisdictions. In other tax jurisdictions, we generated operating losses and
recorded a valuation allowance to offset potential income tax benefits associated
with these operating losses.
Because of the uncertainty regarding the timing and extent of our future
profitability, we have recorded a valuation allowance to offset potential income tax
benefits associated with our operating losses and other net deferred tax assets.
There can be no assurance that deferred tax assets subject to our valuation allowance
will ever be realized.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At March 31, 2011 and 2010, cash and cash equivalents totaled $100.3
million and $132.6 million and the outstanding balances of our short-term loans were
$18.1 million and $21.4 million, respectively. During the fiscal year ended March 31,
2011, cash and cash equivalents decreased by $32.4 million as $30.1 million of net
cash used in operating activities, $11.0 million of payments on capital lease
obligations, $8.6 million of capital expenditures and $5.8 million of short-term debt
payments were partially offset by $21.4 million of net proceeds from sale of
technology assets, $1.4 million from the effect of foreign currency exchange rates on
cash and cash equivalents and $0.3 million from the exercise of stock options. Net
cash used in operating activities reflected our net loss of $31.8 million, a $21.4
gain on sale of technology assets and an increase in net current assets excluding
cash and cash equivalents of $17.1 million, partially offset by non-cash charges for
depreciation and amortization of $24.3 million, stock-based compensation expense of
$8.2 million, amortization of purchased intangibles of $7.1 million, and loss on
disposal of property and equipment of $0.6 million. The increase in net current
assets excluding cash and cash equivalents primarily resulted from an increase in
inventories, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets,
partially offset by an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses.
At March 31, 2010 and 2009, cash and cash equivalents totaled $132.6 million and
$168.9 million and the outstanding balances of the short-term loans were $21.4
million and $20.2 million, respectively. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010,
cash and cash equivalents decreased by $36.3 million as $18.6 million of net cash
used in operating activities, $10.6 million of payments on capital lease obligations,
and $7.9 million of capital expenditures were partially offset by $0.8 million from
the effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents. Net cash
used in operating activities reflected our net loss of $78.5 million, partially
offset by non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization of $22.3 million,
amortization of purchased intangibles of $15.0 million, stock-based compensation
expense of $6.6 million, and $1.2 of compensation expense associated with the
StrataLight Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan (the ELBP), as well as a decrease in net
current assets excluding cash and cash equivalents of $14.6 million and a loss on
disposal of property and equipment of $0.2 million. The decrease in net current
assets excluding cash and cash equivalents primarily resulted from a decrease in
inventories and accounts receivable and an increase in accounts payable, partially
offset by a decrease in accrued expenses.
Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 9, 2008,
by and among the Company, StrataLight, Omega Merger Sub 1, Inc., Omega Merger Sub 2,
Inc. and Jerome S. Contro, as the stockholder representative, the Company made the
final distributions of cash and shares of the Companys common stock to ELBP
participants during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010. During the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2010, the Company distributed approximately $5.7 million of cash and
1.2 million shares of previously issued common stock,
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and accepted cancellation of
rights to receive common stock as requested by certain ELBP participants to satisfy
approximately $2.8 million in employee withholding tax obligations paid by the
Company. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, the Company distributed
approximately $1.8 million of cash and 1.8 million shares of previously issued common
stock pursuant to the ELBP.
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, cash and cash equivalents
decreased by $52.8 million to $168.9 million from $221.7 million. This decline
consisted of $10.4 million of net cash used in operating activities, $28.4 million of
cash used in the acquisition of StrataLight, net of cash acquired, $9.1 million of
payments on capital lease obligations, $4.2 million of capital expenditures, $0.6
million from the effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents and
$0.1 million used to repurchase restricted shares. Net cash used by operating
activities reflected our net loss of $129.6 million, partially offset by the
following non-cash charges: a $67.7 million impairment of goodwill, a $15.7
million write-off of in-process research and development, depreciation and
amortization of $14.4 million, amortization of purchased intangibles of $6.9 million,
StrataLight Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan costs of $5.8 million, stock-based
compensation expense of $5.6 million, and a decrease in net current assets excluding
cash and cash equivalents of $3.1 million. The decrease in net current assets
excluding cash and cash equivalents primarily
resulted from a decrease in inventories partially offset by a decrease in
accounts payable attributable to the reduction in sales volumes. During the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2009, we also entered into $15.4 million of new capital lease
obligations.
We believe that existing cash and cash equivalent balances will be sufficient to
fund our anticipated cash needs at least for the next twelve months. However, we may
require additional financing to fund our operations in the future and there can be no
assurance that additional funds will be available, especially if we experience
operating results below expectations, or, if available, there can be no assurance as
to the terms on which funds might be available. In addition, unprecedented volatility
in recent years in the global credit markets may affect the availability and cost of
funding in the future. If adequate financing is not available as required, or is not
available on favorable terms, our business, financial condition and results of
operations will be adversely affected.
Contractual Obligations
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, we entered into $10.4 million
of new capital lease obligations. The following table summarizes our contractual
obligations at March 31, 2011 in millions of dollars.
Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||
Less than | ||||||||||||||||
Total | 1 Year | 1-3 Years | 3-5 Years | |||||||||||||
Capital lease obligations |
$ | 26.1 | $ | 11.4 | $ | 10.6 | $ | 4.1 | ||||||||
Operating lease obligations |
3.3 | 2.6 | 0.7 | | ||||||||||||
Purchase obligations |
71.6 | 71.6 | | | ||||||||||||
Short-term debt |
18.1 | 18.1 | | | ||||||||||||
Total contractual obligations |
$ | 119.1 | $ | 103.7 | $ | 11.3 | $ | 4.1 | ||||||||
Capital lease obligations, including interest, consist primarily of
manufacturing assets under non-cancelable capital leases. Operating leases consist
primarily of leases on buildings. Purchase obligations represent an estimate of all
open purchase orders and contractual obligations in the ordinary course of business
for which we have not yet received the goods or services. These obligations include
purchase commitments with our contract manufacturers. We enter into agreements with
contract manufacturers and suppliers that allow them to procure inventory based upon
agreements defining our material and services requirements. In certain instances,
these agreements allow us the option to cancel, reschedule and adjust our
requirements based on our business needs prior to firm orders being placed.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet financing or unconsolidated special
purpose entities.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Our exposure to market risk consists of foreign currency exchange rate
fluctuations related to our international
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sales and operations and changes in
interest rates on cash and cash equivalents and short-term debt.
To the extent we generate sales denominated in currencies other than the
U.S. dollar, our revenues will be affected by currency fluctuations. For the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, 15.5%, 9.4% and 16.7%, respectively, of
our sales were denominated in Japanese yen and 1.0% or less were denominated in
euros. The remaining sales were denominated in U.S. dollars.
To the extent we manufacture our products in Japan, our cost of sales will
be affected by currency fluctuations. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011,
2010 and 2009, approximately 44.9%, 37.2% and 60.5%, respectively, of our cost of
sales was denominated in Japanese yen. While we anticipate that we will continue to
have a substantial portion of our cost of sales denominated in Japanese yen, we
anticipate the percentage of cost of sales denominated in Japanese yen to diminish as
we plan to expand the use of contract manufacturers outside of Japan and procure more
raw materials in U.S. dollars.
To the extent we perform research and development activities and selling,
general and administrative functions in Japan, our operating expenses will be
affected by currency fluctuations. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010
and 2009, approximately 42.6%, 34.6% and 41.9%, respectively, of our operating
expenses were denominated in Japanese yen. We anticipate that we will continue to
have a substantial portion of our operating expenses denominated in Japanese yen in
the foreseeable future.
To the extent that our sales, cost of sales and operating expenses are
denominated in Japanese yen, our operating results will be subject to fluctuations
due to changes in the relative value of the Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar. If the
exchange rate of the Japanese yen in relation to the U.S. dollar had appreciated by
ten percent during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, our operating loss would
have increased by approximately $13.6 million. If the exchange rate had depreciated
by ten percent during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, our operating loss would
have been reduced by approximately $11.1 million.
As of March 31, 2011, we had a net payable position of $10.7 million and as
of March 31, 2010, we had a net receivable position of $1.2 million subject to
foreign currency exchange risk between the Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar. We are
also exposed to foreign currency exchange fluctuations on intercompany sales
transactions involving the Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar. At March 31, 2011, we
had three foreign currency exchange contracts in place with an aggregate nominal
value of $18.0 million and expiration dates of 120 days or less to hedge a portion of
this risk. At March 31, 2010, we had six foreign currency exchange contracts in place
with an aggregate nominal value of $12.0 million and expiration dates of 90 days or
less. We do not enter into foreign currency exchange forward contracts for trading
purposes, but rather as a hedging vehicle to minimize the impact of foreign currency
fluctuations. If the foreign currency exchange forward contracts were to be held to
maturity and the exchange rate of the Japanese yen in relation to the U.S. dollar
were to depreciate by ten percent from the closing spot rate on March 31, 2011 to the
maturity date, we would realize an approximate gain at maturity of $1.5 million. If
the yen were to appreciate by ten percent, we would realize an approximate loss at
maturity of $2.1 million.
We have entered into a short-term, yen-denominated loan with The Sumitomo
Trust Bank, which is due monthly unless renewed. At March 31, 2011 and 2010, the loan
balance was $18.0 million and $21.4 million, respectively. During the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2011, payments of 500 million yen were made, reducing the yen balance
from 2.0 billion yen at March 31, 2010 to 1.5 billion yen at March 31, 2011. Interest
is paid monthly at TIBOR plus a premium that ranged from 1.26% to 1.73%, 1.26% to
1.57% and 1.42% to 1.81% during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively.
To the extent we maintain significant cash balances in money market
accounts, our interest income will be affected by interest rate fluctuations. As of
March 31, 2011 and 2010, we had $100.3 million and $132.6 million, respectively, of
cash balances invested primarily in traded institutional money market funds or money
market deposit accounts at banking institutions. Interest income earned on these
accounts was $0.1 million, $0.4 million and $3.7 million for the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
OPNEXT, INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page | ||||
55 | ||||
56 | ||||
57 | ||||
58 | ||||
59 | ||||
60 |
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Financial Statements
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Opnext, Inc.
Opnext, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Opnext,
Inc. (the Company) as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, shareholders equity and comprehensive income (loss), and
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2011. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our
audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test
basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.
An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Opnext, Inc. at
March 31, 2011 and 2010, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2011, in conformity
with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Opnext, Inc.s internal control
over financial reporting as of March 31, 2011, based on criteria established in
Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 14, 2011 expressed
an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Metro Park, New Jersey
June 14, 2011
June 14, 2011
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Table of Contents
Opnext, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
(in thousands, except share and per | ||||||||
share amounts) | ||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, including
$1,210 and $1,205 of restricted cash at
March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively |
$ | 100,284 | $ | 132,643 | ||||
Trade receivables, net, including $8,557
and $4,509 due from related parties at
March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively |
70,701 | 54,849 | ||||||
Inventories |
118,588 | 93,018 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
7,458 | 4,755 | ||||||
Total current assets |
297,031 | 285,265 | ||||||
Property, plant, and equipment, net |
59,992 | 60,322 | ||||||
Purchased intangibles |
17,076 | 24,220 | ||||||
Other assets |
258 | 491 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 374,357 | $ | 370,298 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Trade payables, including $6,191 and
$4,707 due to related parties at March
31, 2011 and 2010, respectively |
$ | 63,383 | $ | 44,040 | ||||
Accrued expenses |
23,771 | 22,101 | ||||||
Short-term debt |
18,055 | 21,430 | ||||||
Capital lease obligations |
13,513 | 12,515 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
118,722 | 100,086 | ||||||
Capital lease obligations |
12,554 | 11,202 | ||||||
Other long-term liabilities |
6,855 | 5,470 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
138,131 | 116,758 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||||
Shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per
share: 15,000,000 authorized, no shares
issued and outstanding |
| | ||||||
Common stock, par value $0.01
per share: authorized 150,000,000
shares; issued
91,363,613, outstanding 90,028,612, net
of 58,630 shares of treasury stock at
March 31, 2011; issued 91,192,937,
outstanding 89,857,936, net of 58,630
shares of treasury stock at March 31,
2010 |
727 | 725 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
724,775 | 716,315 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(504,977 | ) | (473,145 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
15,701 | 9,645 | ||||||
Total shareholders equity |
236,226 | 253,540 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 374,357 | $ | 370,298 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Table of Contents
Opnext, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||
Revenues, including $9,016, $14,659 and
$19,470 to related parties for the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively |
$ | 357,641 | $ | 319,132 | $ | 318,555 | ||||||
Cost of sales |
281,418 | 252,490 | 242,782 | |||||||||
Amortization of acquired developed technology |
5,780 | 5,780 | 1,321 | |||||||||
Gross margin |
70,443 | 60,862 | 74,452 | |||||||||
Research and development expenses, including
$3,743, $4,368 and $6,077 from related
parties for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively |
62,039 | 74,145 | 54,043 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative
expenses, including $4,582, $3,832, and
$5,493 from related parties for the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively |
58,258 | 54,829 | 63,483 | |||||||||
Amortization of purchased intangibles |
1,368 | 9,240 | 5,540 | |||||||||
Loss on disposal of property and equipment |
578 | 159 | 122 | |||||||||
Impairment of goodwill |
| | 67,681 | |||||||||
Acquired in-process research and development |
| | 15,700 | |||||||||
Operating loss |
(51,800 | ) | (77,511 | ) | (132,117 | ) | ||||||
Gain on sale of technology assets, net |
21,436 | | | |||||||||
Interest (expense) income, net |
(823 | ) | (615 | ) | 2,748 | |||||||
Other expense, net |
(494 | ) | (472 | ) | (187 | ) | ||||||
Loss before income taxes |
(31,681 | ) | (78,598 | ) | (129,556 | ) | ||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit |
(151 | ) | 85 | (16 | ) | |||||||
Net loss |
$ | (31,832 | ) | $ | (78,513 | ) | $ | (129,572 | ) | |||
Net loss per share: |
||||||||||||
Basic and diluted |
$ | (0.35 | ) | $ | (0.88 | ) | $ | (1.86 | ) | |||
Weighted average number of shares used in
computing net loss per share: |
||||||||||||
Basic and diluted |
89,904 | 88,952 | 69,775 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Opnext, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Fiscal Years Ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
Fiscal Years Ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
Retained | Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number | Additional | Earnings | Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Of | Par | Paid-In | (Accumulated | Comprehensive | Shareholders | Comprehensive | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Value | Capital | Deficit) | Income (Loss) | Equity | Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2008 |
64,619,913 | 552 | 583,766 | (265,060 | ) | 3,820 | 323,078 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation, net of
forfeitures |
| | 5,705 | | | 5,705 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock options exercised |
3,934 | | 6 | | | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted shares forfeited |
(8,333 | ) | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted shares repurchased |
(30,571 | ) | (63 | ) | | | | (63 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Equity offering to StrataLight
shareholders, net |
22,298,161 | 223 | 113,336 | | | 113,559 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
StrataLight Employee Liquidity
Bonus Plan |
1,773,343 | 18 | 5,775 | | | 5,793 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | (129,572 | ) | | (129,572 | ) | $ | (129,572 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on foreign
currency forward contracts |
| | | | (145 | ) | (145 | ) | (145 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Defined benefit plan costs, net |
| | | | 65 | 65 | 65 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation
adjustment |
| | | | 2,111 | 2,111 | 2,111 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive loss |
$ | (127,541 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2009 |
88,656,447 | 730 | 708,588 | (394,632 | ) | 5,851 | 320,537 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation,
net of forfeitures |
| | 6,630 | | | 6,630 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock options exercised |
11,053 | | 16 | | | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted shares repurchased |
(7,122 | ) | (17 | ) | | | | (17 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
StrataLight Employee Liquidity
Bonus Plan, net of cancellations |
1,197,558 | 12 | 1,081 | | | 1,093 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | (78,513 | ) | | (78,513 | ) | $ | (78,513 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on foreign
currency forward contracts |
| | | | (191 | ) | (191 | ) | (191 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Defined benefit plan costs, net |
125 | 125 | 125 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation
adjustment |
| | | | 3,860 | 3,860 | 3,860 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive loss |
$ | (74,719 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2010 |
89,857,936 | $ | 725 | $ | 716,315 | $ | (473,145 | ) | $ | 9,645 | $ | 253,540 | ||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation,
net of forfeitures |
| | 8,167 | | | 8,167 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock options exercised |
170,676 | 2 | 293 | | | 295 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | (31,832 | ) | | (31,832 | ) | $ | (31,832 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on foreign
currency forward contracts |
| | | | (20 | ) | (20 | ) | (20 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Defined benefit plan costs, net |
157 | 157 | 157 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation
adjustment |
| | | | 5,919 | 5,919 | 5,919 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive loss |
$ | (25,776 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2011 |
90,028,612 | $ | 727 | $ | 724,775 | $ | (504,977 | ) | $ | 15,701 | $ | 236,226 | ||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Opnext, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (31,832 | ) | $ | (78,513 | ) | $ | (129,572 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities: |
||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
24,330 | 22,312 | 14,385 | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense associated with equity awards |
8,167 | 6,632 | 5,644 | |||||||||
Amortization of purchased intangibles |
7,148 | 15,019 | 6,861 | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense associated with the StrataLight
Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan |
| 1,216 | 5,766 | |||||||||
Impairment of goodwill |
| | 67,681 | |||||||||
Acquired in-process research and development |
| | 15,700 | |||||||||
Loss on disposal of property and equipment |
578 | 159 | 122 | |||||||||
Gain on sale of technology assets, net |
(21,436 | ) | | | ||||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisition of business: |
||||||||||||
Trade receivables, net |
(14,112 | ) | 9,073 | (4,374 | ) | |||||||
Inventories |
(18,013 | ) | 12,397 | 23,046 | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
(2,345 | ) | (492 | ) | (454 | ) | ||||||
Other assets |
243 | (167 | ) | (163 | ) | |||||||
Trade payables |
15,240 | 4,523 | (16,939 | ) | ||||||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities |
1,979 | (10,742 | ) | 1,871 | ||||||||
Net cash used in operating activities |
(30,053 | ) | (18,583 | ) | (10,426 | ) | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||||||
Capital expenditures |
(8,605 | ) | (7,877 | ) | (4,157 | ) | ||||||
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired |
| | (28,425 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from sale of technology assets, net |
21,436 | | | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
12,831 | (7,877 | ) | (32,582 | ) | |||||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||||||
Payments on capital lease obligations |
(10,964 | ) | (10,602 | ) | (9,105 | ) | ||||||
Short-term debt payments, net |
(5,822 | ) | | | ||||||||
Restricted shares repurchased |
| (17 | ) | (63 | ) | |||||||
Exercise of stock options |
294 | 16 | 6 | |||||||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(16,492 | ) | (10,603 | ) | (9,162 | ) | ||||||
Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents |
1,355 | 797 | (607 | ) | ||||||||
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
(32,359 | ) | (36,266 | ) | (52,777 | ) | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
132,643 | 168,909 | 221,686 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
$ | 100,284 | $ | 132,643 | $ | 168,909 | ||||||
Supplemental cash flow information |
||||||||||||
Cash paid during the year for: |
||||||||||||
Interest paid |
$ | 955 | $ | 980 | $ | 965 | ||||||
Income tax paid (refunded), net |
$ | 78 | $ | (129 | ) | $ | | |||||
Supplemental investing activities |
||||||||||||
Net cash paid for acquisition of StrataLight |
$ | | $ | | $ | 21,593 | ||||||
Payments for acquisition and equity registration costs |
| | 6,832 | |||||||||
Acquisition of StrataLight, net of cash acquired |
$ | | $ | | $ | 28,425 | ||||||
Non-cash financing activities |
||||||||||||
Capital lease obligations incurred |
$ | (10,395 | ) | $ | (109 | ) | $ | (15,384 | ) |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
59
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
1. Background and Basis of Presentation
Opnext, Inc. and subsidiaries (Opnext or the Company) is a leading
designer and manufacturer of optical subsystems, modules and components that enable
high-speed telecommunications and data communications networks, as well as lasers and
infrared LEDs for industrial and commercial applications.
On January 9, 2009, the Company completed its acquisition of StrataLight
Communications, Inc. (StrataLight), a leading supplier of 40Gbs optical subsystems
for use in long-haul and ultra-long-haul communication networks. The aggregate
consideration consisted of approximately 26,545 shares of the Companys common stock
and $47,946 in cash, including the impact of net purchase price adjustments pursuant
to the merger agreement.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation
The financial statements reflect the consolidated results of Opnext and its
subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances between and among the
Companys businesses have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and sales and expenses during the
periods reported. These estimates are based on historical experience and on
assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Estimates and
assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of revisions are reflected in
the period that they are determined to be necessary. These estimates include
assessments of the ability to collect accounts receivable, the use and recoverability
of inventory, the realization of deferred tax assets, expected warranty costs, fair
value of stock awards, the value of purchased tangible and intangible assets and
liabilities in business combinations, estimated useful lives for depreciation, and
amortization periods of tangible and intangible assets, among others. Actual results
may differ from these estimates, and the estimates will change under different
assumptions or conditions.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is derived principally from sales of products. Revenue is
recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, usually in the form of
a purchase order, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, title and
risk of loss have passed to the customer, the price is fixed or determinable and
collection is reasonably assured based on the creditworthiness of the customer and
certainty of customer acceptance. These conditions generally exist upon shipment or
upon notice from certain customers in Japan that they have completed their inspection
and have accepted the product.
The Company participates in vendor managed inventory (VMI) programs with
certain of its customers, whereby the Company maintains an agreed upon quantity of
certain products at a customer-designated warehouse. Revenue pursuant to the VMI
programs is recognized when the products are physically pulled by the customer, or
its designated contract manufacturer, and put into production. Simultaneous with the
inventory pulls, purchase orders are received from the customer, or its designated contract manufacturer, as evidence that
a purchase request and delivery
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
have occurred and that title has passed to the
customer at a previously agreed upon price.
Warranties
The Company sells certain of its products to customers with a product warranty
that provides repairs at no cost to the customer or the issuance of a credit to the
customer. The length of the warranty term depends on the product being sold, but
generally ranges from one year to five years. In addition to accruing for specific
known warranty exposures, the Company accrues its estimated exposure to warranty
claims based upon historical claim costs as a percentage of sales multiplied by prior
sales still under warranty at the end of any period. Management reviews these
estimates on a regular basis and adjusts the warranty provisions as actual experience
differs from historical estimates or other information becomes available.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred.
Shipping and Handling Costs
Outbound shipping and handling costs are included in selling, general
and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of
operations. Shipping and handling costs for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011,
2010 and 2009 were $1,781, $2,123 and $4,577, respectively.
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation
Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions denominated in a
currency other than the entitys functional currency are included in the consolidated
statements of operations. Balance sheet accounts of the Companys foreign operations
for which the local currency is the functional currency are translated into U.S.
dollars at period-end exchange rates, while sales and expenses are translated at
weighted average exchange rates. Translation gains or losses related to net assets of
such operations are shown as components of shareholders equity. Transaction
gains and losses have been included in other expense, net for the period in which the
exchange rates change. The Company recorded transaction losses of $651, $549 and $241
for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
All derivative financial instruments utilized for hedging purposes are
recorded as either an asset or liability on the balance sheet at fair value and
changes in the derivative fair value are recorded in earnings for those classified as
fair value hedges and in other comprehensive income (loss) for those classified as
cash flow hedges.
At March 31, 2011, the Company had a net payable position of $10,688,
and as of March 31, 2010 the Company had a net receivable position of $1,178, subject
to foreign currency exchange risk between the Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar. At
times, the Company mitigates a portion of the exchange rate risk by utilizing forward
contracts to cover the net receivable positions. The Company also utilizes forward
contracts to mitigate foreign exchange currency risk between the Japanese yen and the
U.S. dollar on forecasted intercompany sales transactions between its subsidiary
units. These foreign currency exchange forward contracts generally have expiration
dates of 120 days or less to hedge a portion of this future risk and did not exceed
$24,000 in aggregate at any point in time during the fiscal year ended March 31,
2011. At March 31, 2011, there were three foreign currency exchange forward contracts
in place with an aggregate nominal value of $18,000 and at March 31, 2010, there were
six foreign currency exchange forward contracts in place with an aggregate nominal
value of $12,000, all of which had expiration dates of less than 120 days. The total
realized benefit from the foreign currency exchange forward contracts was $1,275,
$491, and $1,460 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively, and was included in cost of goods sold. The Company does not enter into
foreign currency exchange forward contracts for trading purposes, but rather as a
61
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
hedging vehicle to minimize the effect of foreign currency fluctuations.
Net Loss per Common Share
Basic net loss per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of
shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share has
been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding
during the period and dilutive common shares potentially issuable from stock-based
incentive plans using the treasury stock method.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all investments with an original maturity of three months
or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2011, cash
and cash equivalents included $996 of restricted cash which is held in escrow to
guarantee value added taxes and domestic facility lease obligations and $214 of
restricted cash held in escrow pending resolution of claim for indemnification
associated with the acquisition of StrataLight. As of March 31, 2010, cash
and cash equivalents included $991 of restricted cash which is held in escrow to
guarantee value added taxes and domestic facility lease obligations and $214 of
restricted cash held in escrow pending resolution of claim for indemnification
associated with the acquisition of StrataLight.
Trade Receivables
The Company estimates allowances for doubtful accounts based upon historical
payment patterns, aging of accounts receivable and actual write-off history, as well
as assessments of customers creditworthiness. Changes in the financial condition of
customers could have an effect on the allowance balance required and result in a
related charge or credit to earnings. As a policy, the Company does not require
collateral from its customers. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $977 and $900
at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in,
first-out basis, or market. Inventories consist of raw materials, work-in-process and
finished goods, including inventory consigned to our customers and our contract
manufacturers. Inventory valuation and firm, committed purchase order assessments are
performed on a quarterly basis and those which are identified to be obsolete or in
excess of forecasted usage are written down to their estimated realizable value.
Estimates of realizable value are based upon managements analyses and assumptions,
including, but not limited to, forecasted sales levels by product, expected product
lifecycle, product development plans and future demand requirements. The Company
typically uses a 12-month rolling forecast based on factors including, but not
limited to, production cycles, anticipated product orders, marketing forecasts,
backlog, shipment activities and inventories owned by us but part of VMI programs and
held at customer locations. If market conditions are less favorable than forecasted
or actual demand from customers is lower than estimated, additional inventory
write-downs may be required. If demand is higher than expected, inventories that had
previously been written down may be sold.
Certain of the Companys more significant customers have implemented a
supply chain management tool called VMI programs that requires suppliers, such as the
Company, to assume responsibility for maintaining an agreed upon level of consigned
inventory at the customers location or at a third-party logistics provider, based on
the customers demand forecast. Notwithstanding the fact that the Company builds and
ships the inventory, the customer does not purchase the consigned inventory until the
inventory is drawn or pulled by the customer or third-party logistics provider to be
used in the manufacture of the customers product. Though the consigned inventory may
be at the customers or third-party logistics providers physical location, it
remains inventory owned by the Company until the inventory is drawn or pulled, which
is the time at which the sale takes place.
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Property, Plant, and Equipment and Internal Use Software
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated
depreciation. Depreciation is determined using the straight-line method over the
estimated useful lives of the various asset classes. Estimated useful lives for
building improvements range from three to fifteen years. Estimated useful lives for
machinery, electronic and other equipment range from three to seven years. Property,
plant and equipment include those assets under capital lease and the associated
accumulated amortization.
Major renewals and improvements are capitalized and minor replacements,
maintenance, and repairs are charged to current operations as incurred. Upon
retirement or disposal of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are
removed from the consolidated balance sheets and any gain or loss is reflected in
other operating expenses.
Certain costs of computer software obtained for internal use are
capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over three to seven years. Costs
for maintenance and training, as well as the cost of software that does not add
functionality to an existing system, are expensed as incurred.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment, are reviewed for
impairment in connection with the Companys annual budget and long-term planning
process and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying
amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and
used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated
undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying
amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an
impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the
asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. In estimating future cash flows, assets
are grouped at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows that are largely
independent of cash flows from other groups. Assumptions underlying future cash flow
estimates are subject to risks and uncertainties. The Companys evaluations for the
fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 indicated that there were no
impairments.
Goodwill and Business Combinations
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of net
assets acquired. The Company accounts for acquisitions using the purchase method of
accounting. Amounts paid for each acquisition are allocated to the assets acquired
and liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the date of acquisition. The
Company then allocates the purchase price in excess of tangible assets acquired to
identifiable intangible assets based on valuations that use information and
assumptions provided by management. Any excess purchase price over the fair value of
net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed is allocated to
goodwill.
The Company uses a two-step impairment test to identify potential goodwill
impairment and measure the amount of the goodwill impairment loss, if any, to be
recognized. In the first step, the fair value of each reporting unit is compared to
its carrying value to determine if the goodwill is impaired. If the fair value of the
reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit,
then the goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the carrying
value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, then a
second step is performed in order to determine the implied fair value of the
reporting units goodwill and an impairment loss is recorded in an amount equal to
the difference between the implied fair value and the carrying value of the goodwill.
Based upon impairment analyses performed during the fiscal year ended March
31, 2009, the Company recorded aggregate goodwill impairment charges of $67,681
attributable to the acquisitions of StrataLight and Pine Photonics Communications,
Inc. The Company had no recorded goodwill at March 31, 2011 and 2010.
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method.
Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the
estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial
statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective
tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax
assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in
which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect
on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the
consolidated statements of operations in the period that includes the enactment date.
A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax
assets if it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the price that would
be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants based on the highest and best use of the
asset or liability. The Company uses valuation techniques to measure fair value that
maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.
Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset
or liability, and are based on market data obtained from sources independent of the
Company. Unobservable inputs reflect assumptions market participants would use in
pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the
circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the
reliability of inputs as follows:
| Level 1 Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Valuation adjustments and block discounts are not applied to Level 1 instruments. Because valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these instruments does not entail a significant degree of judgment. | ||
| Level 2 Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly. Valuations for Level 2 assets are prepared on an individual asset basis using data obtained from recent transactions for identical securities in inactive markets or pricing data from similar assets in active and inactive markets. | ||
| Level 3 Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. |
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
The following tables summarize the valuation of the Companys financial
instruments as of March 31, 2011 and 2010:
Significant | ||||||||||||||||||||
Quoted Market | Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||||||
Value as of | Prices in Active | Observable | Unobservable | |||||||||||||||||
March 31, | Markets | Inputs | Inputs | |||||||||||||||||
2011 | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | Balance Sheet Classification | ||||||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds |
$ | 59,578 | $ | 59,578 | $ | | $ | | Cash and cash equivalents | |||||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Forward foreign
currency exchange
contracts |
$ | 271 | $ | | $ | 271 | $ | | Accrued expenses |
Significant | ||||||||||||||||||||
Quoted Market | Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||||||
Value as of | Prices in Active | Observable | Unobservable | |||||||||||||||||
March 31, | Markets | Inputs | Inputs | |||||||||||||||||
2010 | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | Balance Sheet Classification | ||||||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds |
$ | 82,487 | $ | 82,487 | $ | | $ | | Cash and cash equivalents | |||||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Forward foreign
currency exchange
contracts |
$ | 251 | $ | | $ | 251 | $ | | Accrued expenses |
The Companys investments in money market funds are recorded at fair value based
on quoted market prices. The forward foreign currency exchange contracts are
primarily measured based on the foreign currency spot and forward rates quoted by
banks or foreign currency dealers.
Stock-Based Incentive Plans
All equity-based payments, including grants of employee stock options, are
recognized in the financial
statements based on their grant-date fair value. The Company estimates the fair
value of stock-based awards utilizing the Black-Scholes pricing model. The fair value
of the awards is amortized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the
requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period. The
fair value calculations involve significant judgments, assumptions, estimates and
complexities that impact the amount of compensation expense to be recorded in current
and future periods, including:
| The time period that stock-based awards are expected to remain outstanding has been determined based on the average of the original award period and the remaining vesting period. | ||
| The Company has estimated volatility based on the Companys historical stock prices. | ||
| A dividend yield of zero has been assumed for all issued awards based on the Companys actual past experience and the fact that Company does not anticipate paying a dividend on its shares in the near future. | ||
| The Company has based its risk-free interest rate assumption for awards on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected term of the award. | ||
| The forfeiture rate for awards was based on the Companys actual historical forfeiture trend. |
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
3. Business Combinations
On January 9, 2009, the Company completed its acquisition of StrataLight.
The acquisition expanded the Companys portfolio of 40Gbps products and subsystems
expertise. Pursuant to the agreement and plan of merger (the Merger Agreement), the
aggregate consideration consisted of approximately 26,545 shares of the Companys
common stock and $47,946 in cash, including the impact of net purchase price
adjustments to the Merger Agreement.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, eighty-four percent (84%) of the
aggregate consideration was allocated to the former StrataLight shareholders,
consisting of 22,298 shares of the Companys common stock and $40,275 in cash. Of the
total cash consideration, $37,755 was paid to the former shareholders on the closing
date with the remaining $2,520 held in escrow through January 9, 2010 to satisfy the
former StrataLight shareholders indemnification obligations under the Merger
Agreement. Also on January 9, 2009, 20,068 shares of Opnext common stock were
distributed to the former shareholders, with the remaining 2,230 shares held in
escrow through January 9, 2010. As of March 31, 2011, $214 in cash and 118 shares of
common stock remained in an escrow account pending final resolution of an
indemnification claim.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, sixteen percent (16%) of the
aggregate merger consideration was allocated in accordance with the terms of a bonus
plan established for the benefit of the StrataLight employees and certain other
designees (the Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan). During the fiscal years ended March
31, 2010 and 2009, the Company recorded $7,346 and $10,951, respectively, of expense
related to the Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan. The Company recorded no expense in the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 related to the Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan.
The Company has accounted for the acquisition under the purchase
method and has included the operating results of StrataLight in its consolidated
financial results since January 9, 2009. The following table summarizes the
components of the total purchase price as determined under the purchase method of
accounting:
Fair Value of Opnext shares |
$ | 114,167 | ||
Cash consideration |
40,275 | |||
Acquisition-related transaction costs |
6,224 | |||
Acquisition-related employee bonus costs |
27 | |||
Total purchase price |
$ | 160,693 | ||
The $114,167 fair value of the 22,298 shares distributed on the closing
date was based upon the $5.12 average per share closing price of Opnext common shares
for the period beginning two trading days before and ending two trading days after
the July 9, 2008 signing date of the Merger Agreement. Acquisition-related
transaction costs include investment banking, legal and accounting fees and other
external costs directly related to the merger.
The purchase price allocation based on the estimated fair value of assets
acquired and liabilities assumed was as follows:
Tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed: |
||||
Cash and short-term investments |
$ | 18,682 | ||
Inventories |
30,400 | |||
Other current assets |
6,707 | |||
Fixed assets |
10,635 | |||
Other non-current assets |
59 | |||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
(29,518 | ) | ||
Other non-current liabilities |
(55 | ) | ||
Net tangible assets |
36,910 | |||
Identifiable intangible assets |
46,100 | |||
In process research and development |
15,700 | |||
Goodwill |
61,983 | |||
Total purchase price |
$ | 160,693 | ||
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
The following unaudited pro forma financial information combines the
consolidated results of operations as if the acquisition of StrataLight had occurred
as of April 1, 2007. Pro forma adjustments include only the effects of events
directly attributable to transactions that are supportable and expected to have a
continuing impact, including pro forma adjustments for amortization of acquired
intangibles.
Pro Forma Basis for Fiscal Years | ||||||||
Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Revenues |
$ | 409,416 | $ | 378,714 | ||||
Net loss |
(52,517 | ) | (107,971 | ) | ||||
Net loss per share-basic |
$ | (0.58 | ) | $ | (1.23 | ) | ||
Net loss per share-diluted |
$ | (0.58 | ) | $ | (1.23 | ) |
Pro forma net loss for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 included $7,147
of purchased intangible asset amortization expense and $346 of Employee Liquidity
Bonus Plan expense. Pro forma net loss for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008
included a $61,983 goodwill impairment charge, $38,534 of purchase intangible asset
amortization expense and $18,122 of Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan expense.
The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the
operating results that would have occurred had the acquisition been consummated as of
April 1, 2007 nor is it necessarily indicative of future operating results.
4. Restructuring Charges
On March 31, 2009, in connection with the acquisition of StrataLight, the
Company recorded liabilities of $1,055, which included severance and related benefit
charges of $331 resulting from workforce reductions across the Company and facility
charges of $724 for the Eatontown, New Jersey location in connection with the
relocation of the Companys headquarters to Fremont, California.
During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded
charges related to workforce reductions in connection with the StrataLight
acquisition of $282 and $1,379, respectively. As of March 31, 2011, the Company had
no recorded liabilities for severance and related benefit charges related to the
StrataLight acquisition and had recorded liabilities of $154 related to the facility
consolidation charges. As of March 31, 2010, the Company had recorded liabilities
for severance and related benefit charges of $121 and facility consolidation charges
of $502. The remaining payments under the Eatontown, New Jersey lease will reduce the
facility accrual, with associated interest accretion, through August 2011.
Twelve months ended | Twelve months ended | |||||||||||||||
March 31, 2011 | March 31, 2010 | |||||||||||||||
Workforce | Workforce | |||||||||||||||
Reduction | Facilities | Reduction | Facilities | |||||||||||||
Accrual balance at beginning of period |
$ | 121 | $ | 502 | $ | 331 | $ | 724 | ||||||||
Restructuring charges: |
||||||||||||||||
Manufacturing expense |
28 | | 359 | | ||||||||||||
Research and development expense |
201 | | 276 | | ||||||||||||
Selling, general and
administrative expense |
53 | | 744 | 95 | ||||||||||||
Cash payments |
(403 | ) | (348 | ) | (1,589 | ) | (317 | ) | ||||||||
Accrual balance at end of period |
$ | | $ | 154 | $ | 121 | $ | 502 | ||||||||
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
On December 9, 2010, the Company entered into a separation agreement with its
former Chief Executive Officer. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, salary
and benefit expenses of $530 and stock-based compensation expense of $718 were
recorded pursuant to the terms of the separation agreement. The stock-based
compensation expense represented the accelerated vesting of the installment of shares
of Company common stock subject to stock options that were scheduled to vest on the
next scheduled vesting date following December 9, 2010. Any remaining unvested
portions of the former Chief Executive Officers stock options were automatically
cancelled on his termination date.
5. Inventories
Components of inventories are summarized as follows:
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Raw materials |
$ | 64,144 | $ | 49,859 | ||||
Work-in-process |
17,783 | 14,810 | ||||||
Finished goods |
36,661 | 28,349 | ||||||
Inventories |
$ | 118,588 | $ | 93,018 | ||||
Inventories included $19,558 and $23,599 of inventory consigned to customers and
contract manufacturers at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
6. Property, Plant, and Equipment
Property, plant, and equipment consist of the following:
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Machinery, electronic, and other equipment |
$ | 282,064 | $ | 245,154 | ||||
Computer software |
19,974 | 17,928 | ||||||
Building improvements |
6,115 | 6,093 | ||||||
Construction-in-progress |
5,233 | 5,755 | ||||||
Total property, plant, and equipment |
313,386 | 274,930 | ||||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(253,394 | ) | (214,608 | ) | ||||
Property, plant, and equipment, net |
$ | 59,992 | $ | 60,322 | ||||
Property, plant and equipment included capitalized leases of $67,306 and
$56,682 at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and related accumulated
depreciation of $37,935 and $28,782 at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Amortization associated with capital leases is recorded in depreciation expense.
Amortization of computer software costs was $879, $959 and $2,156 for the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
7. Intangible Assets and Goodwill
Intangible Assets other than Goodwill
As a result of the StrataLight acquisition, the Company recorded $61,800 of
intangible assets, including $15,700
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
of in-process research and development costs
that were expensed in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. The in-process research
and development costs represented incomplete StrataLight projects that had not
reached technological feasibility and had no alternative future use as of the date of
the acquisition. The value assigned to these projects was determined using the excess
earnings method under the income approach by discounting forecasted cash flows
directly related to the products expecting to result from the projects, net of
returns on contributory assets, including working capital, fixed assets, customer
relationships, and assembled workforce. The remaining acquired intangible assets
included $16,022 of developed product research with a weighted average remaining life
of three years and $1,054 assigned to customer relationships with a weighted average
remaining life of one year as of March 31, 2011.
The components of the intangible assets at March 31, 2011 were as follows:
Gross Carrying | Accumulated | Net Carrying | ||||||||||
Amount | Amortization | Amount | ||||||||||
Developed product research |
$ | 28,900 | $ | (12,878 | ) | $ | 16,022 | |||||
Order backlog |
13,100 | (13,100 | ) | | ||||||||
Customer relationships |
4,100 | (3,046 | ) | 1,054 | ||||||||
Total intangible assets |
$ | 46,100 | $ | (29,024 | ) | $ | 17,076 | |||||
Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $7,148, $15,019 and
$22,561 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The
following table outlines the estimated future amortization expense related to
intangible assets as of March 31, 2011:
Amount | ||||
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, |
||||
2012 |
$ | 6,834 | ||
2013 |
5,780 | |||
2014 |
4,462 | |||
Total |
$ | 17,076 | ||
Sale of Technology Assets
On February 9, 2011, Opnext Subsystems, Inc. (Opnext Subsystems) entered into
an Asset Purchase Agreement (the Purchase Agreement) with Juniper Networks, Inc.
(Juniper) to sell certain technology related to modem Application Specific
Integrated Circuits used for long haul/ultra-long optical transmission to Juniper for
$26,000 (the Purchase Price), $23,500 of which was paid simultaneously with
the execution of the Purchase Agreement and $2,500 of which was paid on May 6, 2011.
The Company incurred $2,100 of direct expenses in connection with the transaction. Juniper has assumed all liabilities to the extent arising out of or related to the
ownership, use and operation of this technology following the sale, as well as
certain other liabilities relating to certain of Opnext Subsystemss employees to be
hired by Juniper.
The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, covenants
and indemnification obligations (of Opnext Subsystems) for a transaction of this size
and nature. The indemnification obligations of Opnext Subsystems are subject to a
deductible and de minimis threshold. In addition, the indemnification obligations
with respect to breaches of representations and warranties by Opnext Subsystems are
subject to a cap of $2,600, other than breaches of certain fundamental
representations and warranties, which are subject to a cap equal to the purchase
price.
In connection with Junipers purchase of the technology, pursuant to an
Intellectual Property License Agreement, Opnext Subsystems granted certain additional
licenses to Juniper and Juniper granted Opnext Subsystems a license
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
back to the technology, in each case subject to certain field restrictions.
Goodwill
As a result of the StrataLight acquisition, the Company recorded $61,983 of
goodwill, none of which was tax-deductible. The Company performs its annual
assessment of goodwill during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year unless events
suggest an impairment may have been incurred in an interim period. Application of the
goodwill impairment test requires the exercise of judgment, including the
determination of the fair value of each reporting unit. The Company estimates the
fair value of reporting units using an income approach based on the present value of
estimated future cash flows.
As part of the annual assessment of goodwill completed during the fourth
quarter ended March 31, 2009, there
were significant indicators to conclude that an impairment of the goodwill
associated with the acquisition of StrataLight on January 9, 2009 may have
occurred. This conclusion was based on the significant decrease in the Companys
market capitalization and a significant deterioration in the macroeconomic
environment from the time of the acquisition announcement on July 9, 2008 through
March 31, 2009. The Company concluded in the impairment analysis that the carrying
value of the goodwill associated with the StrataLight acquisition exceeded its fair
value. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $61,983 in the
quarter ended March 31, 2009, which represented the full amount of goodwill recorded
in connection with the acquisition.
During the three-month period ended December 31, 2008, there were
sufficient indicators to require an interim impairment analysis of the goodwill
associated with the acquisition of Pine, including a significant decrease in the
Companys market capitalization and a significant deterioration in the macroeconomic
environment largely caused by the widespread unavailability of business and consumer
credit. Based upon the interim goodwill analysis conducted, an impairment was
indicated and the Company recorded a $5,698 charge, which represented the full amount
of goodwill recorded in connection with the Pine acquisition.
The following table reflects changes in the carrying amount of goodwill:
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | | $ | | $ | 5,698 | ||||||
Acquisition of StrataLight |
| | 61,983 | |||||||||
Impairment of goodwill |
| | (67,681 | ) | ||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
8. Income Taxes
The following table presents the United States and foreign components of
loss before income taxes:
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
United States |
$ | (28,468 | ) | $ | (52,113 | ) | $ | (120,665 | ) | |||
Foreign |
(3,213 | ) | (26,485 | ) | (8,891 | ) | ||||||
Loss before income taxes |
$ | (31,681 | ) | $ | (78,598 | ) | $ | (129,556 | ) | |||
Income tax provision (benefit): |
||||||||||||
Current: |
||||||||||||
Federal |
$ | | $ | (228 | ) | $ | | |||||
State and local |
49 | 87 | | |||||||||
Foreign |
102 | 56 | 16 | |||||||||
Subtotal |
$ | 151 | $ | (85 | ) | $ | 16 | |||||
Deferred: |
||||||||||||
Federal |
$ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
State and local |
| | | |||||||||
Foreign |
| | | |||||||||
Subtotal |
$ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) |
$ | 151 | $ | (85 | ) | $ | 16 | |||||
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
The following table presents the principal reasons for the difference
between the effective income tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate:
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate |
(35.0 | )% | (35.0 | )% | (35.0 | )% | ||||||
State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect |
(3.7 | ) | (3.2 | ) | (5.0 | ) | ||||||
Foreign earnings taxed at different rates |
(0.5 | ) | (1.7 | ) | (0.3 | ) | ||||||
Change in valuation allowance |
(100.0 | ) | (12.6 | ) | (1.6 | ) | ||||||
Goodwill impairment |
| | 21.2 | |||||||||
Expired net operating loss carryforwards |
132.6 | 52.0 | 15.6 | |||||||||
Other |
7.1 | 0.4 | 5.1 | |||||||||
Effective income tax rate |
0.5 | % | (0.1 | )% | 0.0 | % | ||||||
At March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company did not have any material
unrecognized tax benefits and the Company does not anticipate that its unrecognized
tax benefits will significantly change within the next twelve months.
The Company is subject to taxation in the United States, Japan and various
state, local and other foreign jurisdictions. The Companys U.S. Income Tax Returns
have been examined by the Internal Revenue Service through the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2008. The Companys New Jersey Corporate Business Tax Returns and German
tax returns have been examined by the respective tax authorities through the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2007. The Companys Japan tax returns have been examined by the
Japan tax authorities through the fiscal year ended March 31, 2006.
The components of net deferred tax assets are as follows:
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Net deferred income tax assets: |
||||||||
Net operating loss, capital loss and credit carryforwards |
$ | 186,913 | $ | 204,042 | ||||
Inventory and other reserves |
28,259 | 29,851 | ||||||
Non-employee stock option expense to related parties |
9,387 | 9,387 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation |
8,792 | 5,844 | ||||||
Purchased intangibles and goodwill |
(6,956 | ) | (9,868 | ) | ||||
Capital leases and property, plant, and equipment |
722 | (431 | ) | |||||
Other |
(2,890 | ) | (2,398 | ) | ||||
Valuation allowance |
(224,227 | ) | (236,427 | ) | ||||
Total net deferred tax assets |
$ | | $ | | ||||
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers
whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax
assets will not be realized. At March 31, 2011 and 2010, management considered recent
operating results, including the gain on sale of technology assets in 2011, near-term
earnings expectations, and the highly competitive nature of the high-technology
market in making this assessment. At the end of each of the respective years,
management determined that it was more likely than not that the full tax benefit of
the deferred tax assets would not be realized. Accordingly, full valuation allowances
have been provided against the net deferred tax assets. There can be no assurances
that the deferred tax assets subject to valuation allowances will ever be realized.
As of December 31, 2009, the Company experienced an ownership change as that
term is defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
Code), with the result of limiting the availability of the Companys net operating
loss carryforwards and other related tax attributes (NOLs) for future use. As a
result of the ownership change, the Companys U.S. federal and state NOLs were
reduced by $27,957 and $40,216, respectively, as of December 31, 2009. The Companys
U.S. federal and state NOLs had been previously reduced by $15,837 and $35,911,
respectively, as a result of prior acquisitions. After giving effect to such
reductions, the Company had U.S. federal, state and foreign NOLs of $148,300, $47,475
and $267,465, respectively, at March 31, 2011. Of the NOLs at March 31, 2011,
$131,886 of U.S. federal NOLs and $33,686 of state NOLs are subject to annual
limitations in the amounts of $6,514 and $2,658, respectively.
The U.S. federal, state and foreign NOLs will expire between 2020 and 2031, 2012
and 2031, and 2012 and 2018, respectively. During the fiscal year ended March 31,
2011, state and foreign NOLs of $5,250 and $101,026, respectively, expired unused.
During the fiscal year ending March 31, 2012, state and foreign NOLs of approximately
$3,694 and $71,112, respectively, will expire if unused.
The Company does not provide for U.S. federal income taxes on undistributed
earnings of its foreign subsidiaries as it intends to permanently reinvest such
earnings. At March 31, 2011, there were no undistributed earnings.
9. Stockholders Equity
The Company is authorized to issue 150,000 shares of $0.01 par value common
stock and 15,000 shares of $0.01
par value preferred stock. Each share of the Companys common stock entitles the
holder to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the shareholders. The
board of directors has the authority to issue preferred stock in one or more classes
or series and to fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights and
qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including the dividend rights,
dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption
prices, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any class or
series, without further vote or action by the stockholders. As of March 31, 2011, no
shares of preferred stock had been issued.
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company repurchased 7
and 31 shares of common stock at weighted average per share prices of $2.49 and
$2.07, respectively, in connection with the payment of the tax withholding obligation
related to the vesting of restricted common shares held by certain executives. The
Company did not repurchase shares of common stock during the fiscal year ended March
31, 2011.
In connection with the acquisition of StrataLight on January 9, 2009, the
Company issued 22,298 shares of common stock. In addition, the Company issued 4,247
common shares in connection with the StrataLight Employee Liquidity Bonus Plan, of
which 2,971 shares were issued to participants and 1,158 shares that would otherwise
have been issued to participants were withheld by the Company from issuance in
satisfaction of participant tax withholding obligations. Pending resolution of an
indemnification claim, 118 shares issued in connection with the acquisition were held
in escrow as of March 31, 2011.
Rights Agreement
On June 18, 2009, the Companys board of directors adopted a shareholder rights
plan (the Rights Plan) designed to protect the Companys NOLs that the board of
directors considered to be a valuable asset that could be used to reduce future
potential federal and state income tax obligations. The rights were designed to
deter stock accumulations made without prior approval from the Companys board of
directors that would trigger an ownership change, as that term is defined in
Section 382 of the Code, with the result of limiting the availability for future use
of the NOLs to the Company. The Rights Plan was not adopted in response to any known
accumulation of shares of the Companys stock.
On June 22, 2009, the Company distributed a dividend of one preferred stock
purchase right on each outstanding share of the Companys common stock to holders of
record on such date. Subject to limited exceptions, the rights will be exercisable if
a person or group acquires 4.99% or more of the Companys common stock or announces a
tender offer for 4.99% or more of the common stock. Under certain circumstances, each
right will entitle stockholders to buy one one-hundredth of a share of newly created
series A junior participating preferred stock of the Company at an exercise price of
$17.00. The Companys board of directors will be entitled to redeem the rights at a
price of $0.01 per right at any time before a person has acquired 4.99% or more of
the outstanding common stock.
The Rights Plan includes a procedure whereby the board of directors will
consider requests to exempt certain proposed acquisitions of common stock from the
applicable ownership trigger if the board of directors determines that the requested
acquisition will not limit or impair the availability of future use of the NOLs to
the Company. The rights will expire on June 22, 2012 or earlier, upon the closing of
a merger or acquisition transaction that is approved by the board of directors prior
to the time at which a person or group acquires 4.99% or more of the Companys common
stock or announces a tender offer for 4.99% or more of the common stock, or if the
board of directors determines that the NOLs have been fully utilized or are no longer
available under Section 382 of the Code.
If a person acquires 4.99% or more of the outstanding common stock of the
Company, each right will entitle the
right holder to purchase, at the rights then-current exercise price, a number
of shares of common stock having a market value at that time of twice the rights
exercise price. The person who acquired 4.99% or more of the outstanding common
stock of the Company is referred to as the acquiring person. Existing stockholders
of the Company who already own 4.99% or more of the Companys common stock would only
be an acquiring person if they acquired additional shares of common stock. Rights
held by the acquiring person will become void and will not be exercisable. If the
Company is acquired in a merger or other business combination transaction that has
not been approved by the board of directors, each right will entitle its holder to
purchase, at the rights then-current exercise price, a number of shares of the
acquiring companys common stock having a market value at that time of twice the
rights exercise price.
On February 8, 2010, Marubeni Corporation filed a Schedule 13G/A reporting that,
as of December 31, 2009, it beneficially owned 6,350 shares of Opnext common stock
and amending the Schedule 13G it had previously filed on
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
February 8, 2008, which reported that as of September 18, 2007, it beneficially
owned 7,500 shares of the Companys common stock. The events reported in such
filing, when taken together with other changes in ownership of the Companys common
stock by its five percent or greater stockholders during the prior three-year period,
constituted an ownership change for the Company as that term is defined in Section
382 of the Code, with the result of limiting the availability of the Companys NOLs
for future use.
10. Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. Diluted
net loss per share includes dilutive common stock equivalents, using the treasury
method, if dilutive.
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per
share:
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||||||
Net loss, basic and diluted |
$ | (31,832 | ) | $ | (78,513 | ) | $ | (129,572 | ) | |||
Denominator: |
||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding basic |
89,904 | 88,952 | 69,775 | |||||||||
Effect of potentially dilutive options |
| | | |||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding diluted |
89,904 | 88,952 | 69,775 | |||||||||
Basic and diluted net loss per share |
$ | (0.35 | ) | $ | (0.88 | ) | $ | (1.86 | ) | |||
The following table summarizes the shares of common stock of the Company
issuable at the end of each period
but that have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share,
as their effect is anti-dilutive.
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Stock options |
12,725 | 13,355 | 9,029 | |||||||||
Stock appreciation rights |
507 | 525 | 543 | |||||||||
Restricted stock units and other |
546 | 321 | 133 | |||||||||
Total |
13,778 | 14,201 | 9,705 | |||||||||
11. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March
31, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
Fiscal Year Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Unrealized loss on foreign currency forward contract |
$ | (271 | ) | $ | (251 | ) | ||
Defined benefit plan costs, net |
93 | (64 | ) | |||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
15,879 | 9,960 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
$ | 15,701 | $ | 9,645 | ||||
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
12. Employee Benefits
The Company sponsors the Opnext Corporation 401(k) Plan (the Plan) to provide
retirement benefits for its U.S. employees. As allowed under Section 401(k) of the
Internal Revenue Code, the Plan provides tax-deferred salary deductions for eligible
employees. Employees may contribute from one percent to 60 percent of their annual
compensation to the Plan, subject to an annual limit as set periodically by the
Internal Revenue Service. The Company matches employee contributions at a ratio of
two-thirds of one dollar for each dollar an employee contributes up to a maximum of
two-thirds of the first six percent of compensation the employee contributes. All
matching contributions vest immediately. In addition, the Plan provides for
discretionary contributions as determined by the board of directors. Such
contributions to the Plan, if made, are allocated among eligible participants in the
proportion of their salaries to the total salaries of all participants. No
discretionary contributions were made in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010
and 2009.
On April 1, 2009, the Company suspended its matching contributions to the Plan
in order to reduce the Companys cost structure and operating expenses. Accordingly,
the Company made no matching contributions to the Plan for the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2011 and 2010. The Companys matching contributions to the Plan
totaled $383 in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. On April 1, 2011, the Company
reinstated its matching contributions to the Plan.
The Company sponsors a defined contribution plan and a defined benefit plan to
provide retirement benefits for its employees in Japan. Under the defined
contribution plan, contributions are provided based on grade level and totaled $935,
$857 and $784 in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Employees can elect to receive the benefit as additional salary or contribute the
benefit to the plan on a tax-deferred basis.
Under the defined benefit plan, the Company calculates benefits based on the
employees grade level and years of service. Employees are entitled to a lump sum
benefit upon retirement or upon certain instances of termination. As of March 31,
2011 and 2010, there were no plan assets. Net periodic benefit plan costs for the
fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Pension benefit: |
||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ | 1,027 | $ | 946 | $ | 834 | ||||||
Interest cost |
108 | 82 | 59 | |||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
91 | 83 | 76 | |||||||||
Net pension plan cost |
$ | 1,226 | $ | 1,111 | $ | 969 | ||||||
Weighted average assumptions
used to determine net pension
plan cost: |
||||||||||||
Discount rate |
2.00 | % | 2.00 | % | 2.00 | % | ||||||
Salary increase rate |
2.7 | % | 2.8 | % | 3.1 | % | ||||||
Expected residual active life |
15.5 years | 15.8 years | 15.9 years |
The reconciliation of the actuarial present value of the projected benefit
obligations for the defined benefit plan follows:
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Change in benefit obligation: |
||||||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of period |
$ | 4,957 | $ | 3,828 | ||||
Service cost |
1,027 | 946 | ||||||
Interest cost |
108 | 82 | ||||||
Realized actuarial (gain) loss |
(67 | ) | (44 | ) | ||||
Benefits paid |
(55 | ) | (75 | ) | ||||
Foreign currency translation |
647 | 220 | ||||||
Benefit obligation at end of period |
$ | 6,617 | $ | 4,957 | ||||
Amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheet: |
||||||||
Accrued liabilities |
$ | 182 | $ | 85 | ||||
Other long-term liabilities |
6,435 | 4,872 | ||||||
Net amount recognized at end of fiscal year |
$ | 6,617 | $ | 4,957 | ||||
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss: |
||||||||
Net unrealized actuarial gain |
$ | 353 | $ | 258 | ||||
Prior service cost |
(260 | ) | (322 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at end of fiscal year |
$ | 93 | $ | (64 | ) | |||
As of March 31, 2011 and 2010, the accumulated benefit obligation was
$6,060 and $4,481, respectively. The Company estimates the future benefit payments
for the defined benefit plan will be as follows: $184 in 2012, $119 in 2013, $371 in
2014, $262 in 2015, $482 in 2016 and $3,616 in total over the five years 2017 through
2021.
13. Stock-Based Incentive Plan
The Company has awarded restricted common shares, restricted stock units,
stock options and stock appreciation rights to its employees and directors. As of
March 31, 2011, the plan had 13,238 common shares of stock available for future
grants.
Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Common Shares
Restricted stock units represent the right to receive a share of Opnext
stock at a designated time in the future, provided that the stock unit is vested at
the time. Restricted stock units granted to non-employee directors generally vest
over a one-year period from the grant date. The restricted stock units are
convertible into common shares on a one-for-one basis on or within 15 days following
the earliest to occur of the directors separation from service, the date of the
directors death or the date of a change in control of the Company. Recipients of
restricted stock units do not pay any cash consideration for the restricted stock
units or the underlying shares and do not have the right to vote or have any other
rights of a shareholder until such time as the underlying shares of stock are
distributed.
The following table presents a summary of restricted stock unit activity: |
Weighted | Average | |||||||||||||||
Restricted | Average | Aggregate | Remaining | |||||||||||||
Stock | Grant Date | Intrinsic | Vesting | |||||||||||||
Units | Fair Value | Value | Period | |||||||||||||
(per share) | (in years) | |||||||||||||||
Non-vested balance at March 31, 2008 |
16 | $ | 9.46 | |||||||||||||
Granted |
126 | 2.16 | ||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(16 | ) | 8.51 | |||||||||||||
Non-vested balance at March 31, 2009 |
126 | 2.16 | ||||||||||||||
Granted |
179 | 1.86 | ||||||||||||||
Vested |
(157 | ) | 2.07 | |||||||||||||
Non-vested balance at March 31, 2010 |
148 | 1.89 | ||||||||||||||
Granted |
207 | 2.11 | ||||||||||||||
Vested |
(148 | ) | 1.89 | |||||||||||||
Non-vested balance at March 31, 2011 |
207 | $ | 2.11 | $ | 504 | 0.6 | ||||||||||
Vested balance at March 31, 2011 |
339 | $ | 2.28 | $ | 824 | |||||||||||
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, the Company issued an
aggregate of 132 restricted stock units to non-employee members of the board of
directors as compensation for services to be performed. The awards generally vest in
full on the one-year anniversary of grant. Total compensation expense to be
recognized over the vesting
period for the awards is $245 based on a weighted average fair value of $1.85
per share as of the grant date, of which $46 was recognized in the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2011. Also during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, 75 restricted
stock units were issued to the Companys Chief Executive Officer. The award will
vest in full on June 30, 2011 and the total compensation to be recognized over the
vesting period for the award is $192 based on a fair value of $2.56 per share as of
the grant date. Total compensation expense for restricted stock units of $354, $350
and $85 was recognized in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively.
As of March 31, 2009, there were 20 restricted common shares outstanding.
The 20 restricted common shares outstanding at March 31, 2009 fully vested on
November 1, 2009. No restricted common shares were awarded during the fiscal years
ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009. Total compensation expense for restricted
common shares was $111 and $1,251 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2010 and 2009,
respectively, and there was no compensation expense for restricted common shares for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011. Total grant-date fair value of restricted
common shares that vested during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 was
$178 and $1,458, respectively.
Employee Incentive Award Program
On May 17, 2010, an annual incentive award program (the Program) for the
Companys fiscal year ending March 31, 2011 was approved by the Compensation Committee
(the Committee) of the Companys board of directors, which provided for the payment
of fully vested shares of the Companys common stock under the Opnext, Inc. Second
Amended and Restated 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan based upon the achievement of
pre-established corporate and individual performance objectives. Employees of the
Company at specified grade levels, including the Companys executive officers, were
eligible to participate in the Program. The individual performance objectives related
to certain functional goals established by the Committee based on the recipients
position within the Company, and included, without limitation, goals relating to
product delivery, organizational and leadership development, customer revenue,
financial statement objectives and supplier related objectives. The Company
performance objectives related to the Companys achievement of a minimum level of
earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) and, for
certain recipients, the achievement of other financial goals established for the
Company or particular business units of the Company, including, without limitation,
operating profit, revenue and operational objectives.
As of March 31, 2011, 144 shares with a fair value of $2.34 per share were
anticipated to be distributed. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, the
Company recorded $337 of compensation expense associated with the Program.
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Stock Options
Stock option awards to employees generally become exercisable with respect to
one quarter or one third of the shares awarded on each one-year anniversary of the
date of grant and have a ten- or seven-year life. Fair value of the awards is
calculated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing valuation model.
Options issued to non-employees are also measured at fair value on the grant date and
are revalued at each financial statement date until fully vested. At March 31, 2011
and 2010, the Company had 1,010 and 1,000 outstanding options that were granted to
Hitachi, Ltd. (Hitachi) and Clarity Partners, L.P., respectively, in connection
with the appointment of their employees as directors of the Company. The
non-employee options expire ten years from the grant date and were fully vested as of
November 2004. Accordingly, no costs were incurred in connection with non-employee
options during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
The fair value of
each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option valuation model and the assumptions noted in the following
table:
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Expected term (in years) |
4.64 | 4.50 | 4.90 | |||||||||
Volatility |
82.6 | % | 86.2 | % | 83.5 | % | ||||||
Risk-free interest rate |
2.0 | % | 2.1 | % | 2.3 | % | ||||||
Dividend yield |
| | | |||||||||
Forfeiture rate |
10.0 | % | 10.0 | % | 10.0 | % |
Compensation expense for employee stock option awards was $7,431, $6,096
and $4,142 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
At March 31, 2011, the total compensation costs related to unvested stock option
awards granted under the Companys stock-based incentive plans but not recognized was
$7,989 and will be recognized over the remaining weighted average vesting period of
2.2 years. The weighted average fair value of options granted during the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $1.35, $1.41 and $2.37 per share,
respectively.
A summary of stock option activity follows:
Weighted | Average | |||||||||||||||
Average | Aggregate | Remaining | ||||||||||||||
Exercise | Intrinsic | Contractual | ||||||||||||||
Options | Price | Value | Life | |||||||||||||
(per share) | (in years) | |||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2008 |
5,398 | $ | 14.04 | |||||||||||||
Granted |
5,093 | 3.69 | ||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(218 | ) | 10.33 | |||||||||||||
Expired |
(1,240 | ) | 14.96 | |||||||||||||
Exercised |
(4 | ) | 3.93 | |||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2009 |
9,029 | 8.17 | ||||||||||||||
Granted |
4,746 | 2.16 | ||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(350 | ) | 2.54 | |||||||||||||
Expired |
(59 | ) | 13.28 | |||||||||||||
Exercised |
(11 | ) | 1.51 | |||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2010 |
13,355 | 6.16 | ||||||||||||||
Granted |
2,501 | 2.11 | ||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(2,081 | ) | 2.28 | |||||||||||||
Expired |
(879 | ) | 11.68 | |||||||||||||
Exercised |
(171 | ) | 1.71 | |||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2011 |
12,725 | $ | 5.68 | $ | 2,369 | 4.8 | ||||||||||
Options exercisable at March 31, 2011 |
7,027 | $ | 7.89 | $ | 886 | 3.9 | ||||||||||
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
The following table summarizes information concerning outstanding and
exercisable options at March 31, 2011:
Options Outstanding | Options Exercisable | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Weighted | Weighted | Weighted | |||||||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | Average | Average | |||||||||||||||||||||
Number | Remaining | Exercise | Number | Remaining | Exercise | |||||||||||||||||||
Range of Exercise Prices | Outstanding | Life | Price | Exercisable | Life | Price | ||||||||||||||||||
(in years) | (in years) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
$0.78 - $1.68 |
1,001 | 6.4 | $ | 1.66 | 603 | 5.5 | $ | 1.67 | ||||||||||||||||
$1.74 - $2.73 |
6,343 | 5.7 | 2.19 | 2,074 | 5.2 | 2.23 | ||||||||||||||||||
$4.47 - $8.89 |
2,454 | 5.0 | 5.98 | 1,569 | 4.8 | 6.07 | ||||||||||||||||||
$11.34 - $15.00 |
2,927 | 2.2 | 14.35 | 2,781 | 1.9 | 14.49 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total |
12,725 | 7,027 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
The Company has awarded stock appreciation rights to its employees in Japan and
China. The awards generally vest with respect to one-third or one-quarter of the
shares on each of the first three or four anniversaries of the date of grant and have
a ten-year life. Prior to June 15, 2007, all SARs required cash settlement and were
accounted for as liability instruments. On May 17, 2007, the Company commenced an
exchange offer pursuant to which those employees who held stock appreciation rights
were offered an opportunity to exchange those stock appreciation rights for
amended stock appreciation rights. The amended stock appreciation
rights require settlement in the Companys common stock, rather than cash, upon
exercise. All other terms and conditions remain unchanged.
During the year-ended March 31, 2011, the Company granted 22 SARs to its
employees in China requiring settlement in cash, which vest in four years with a
seven-year contract life. These rights had a Black-Scholes fair value of $1.15 per
award based on an exercise price of $1.77, a risk-free rate of 1.46% and a volatility
rate of 83.8%. As of March 31, 2011, the Company had 565 SARs outstanding, 507
requiring settlement in the Companys stock with average remaining lives of 3.3 years
and 58 requiring settlement in cash with average remaining lives of 4.6 years.
Compensation expense for vested stock appreciation rights requiring
settlement in the Companys stock was $46, $72 and $166 for the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. At March 31, 2011, total compensation
cost related to these stock appreciation rights was fully recognized.
Stock appreciation rights requiring cash settlement are revalued at the end
of each reporting period. These awards will continue to be re-measured at each
financial statement date until settlement.
A summary of stock appreciation right activity follows:
Cash Settlement | Stock Settlement | Total SARs | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Weighted | Weighted | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise | Exercise | Exercise | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Price | Shares | Price | Shares | Price | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2008 |
89 | $ | 15.00 | 546 | $ | 15.00 | 635 | $ | 15.00 | |||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(50 | ) | 15.00 | (3 | ) | 15.00 | (53 | ) | 15.00 | |||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2009 |
39 | 15.00 | 543 | 15.00 | 582 | 15.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
| 15.00 | (18 | ) | 15.00 | (18 | ) | 15.00 | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2010 |
39 | 15.00 | 525 | 15.00 | 564 | 15.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
Granted |
22 | 1.77 | | | 22 | 1.77 | ||||||||||||||||||
Expired |
(3 | ) | 15.00 | (9 | ) | 15.00 | (12 | ) | 15.00 | |||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
| | (9 | ) | 15.00 | (9 | ) | 15.00 | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2011 |
58 | $ | 9.98 | 507 | $ | 15.00 | 565 | $ | 14.48 | |||||||||||||||
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
14. Short-Term Debt
The Company entered into a 2,000,000 yen loan with The Sumitomo Trust Bank
(Sumitomo) on March 28, 2008, which is due monthly unless renewed. Effective
October 29, 2010, the borrowing base of the loan was reduced to 1,900,000 yen. In
addition, Sumitomo advised the Company that, if renewed each month, availability
pursuant to the loan would be reduced 100,000 yen each month until the outstanding
balance is 1,500,000 yen and the annual interest rate charged would be equal to
Sumitomos short-term prime rate plus a premium, initially 0.25 percent.
As of March 31, 2011 and 2010, the outstanding balance was $18,044 or 1,500,000
yen and $21,397 or 2,000,000 yen, respectively. Interest was historically paid
monthly at TIBOR plus a premium that ranged from 1.26% to 1.73%, 1.26% to 1.57% and
1.42% to 1.81% during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009,
respectively. Total interest expense for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010
and 2009 was $955, $980 and $965, respectively, and consisted of interest expense on
short-term debt and capitalized leases.
15. Concentrations of Risk
At March 31, 2011 and 2010, cash and cash equivalents consisted primarily
of investments in overnight money market funds with several major financial
institutions in the United States.
The Company sells primarily to customers involved in the application of
laser technology and the manufacture of data and telecommunications products. For
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, sales to three customers in aggregate,
Alcatel-Lucent, Cisco Systems, Inc. (Cisco) and Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.
(Huawei) represented 44.7% of total revenues. For the fiscal year ended March 31,
2010, sales to two customers in aggregate, Cisco and Nokia Siemens Networks (NSN)
represented 44.8% of total revenues. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009,
sales to two customers in aggregate, Cisco and Alcatel-Lucent, represented 48.2%
of total revenues. No other customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenues
in any of these periods. At March 31, 2011, Hitachi and Huawei accounted for 27.2%,
and at March 31, 2010 Alcatel-Lucent and NSN accounted for 26.0%, of accounts
receivable, respectively.
16. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company leases buildings and certain other property. Rental expense
under these operating leases was $3,606, $3,594 and $2,914 for the fiscal years ended
March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Operating leases associated with leased
buildings include escalating lease payment schedules. Expense associated with these
leases is recognized on a straight-line basis. In addition, the Company has entered
into capital leases with Hitachi Capital Corporation for certain equipment. The
table below shows the future minimum lease payments due under non-cancelable capital
leases with Hitachi Capital Corporation and operating leases at March 31, 2011:
Capital | Operating | |||||||
Leases | Leases | |||||||
Fiscal year ending March 31: |
||||||||
2012 |
$ | 12,084 | $ | 2,563 | ||||
2013 |
8,118 | 416 | ||||||
2014 |
2,948 | 291 | ||||||
2015 |
2,869 | | ||||||
2016 |
1,434 | | ||||||
Total minimum lease payments |
27,453 | $ | 3,270 | |||||
Less amount representing interest |
(1,386 | ) | ||||||
Present value of capitalized payments |
26,067 | |||||||
Less current portion |
(13,513 | ) | ||||||
Long-term portion |
$ | 12,554 | ||||||
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
As of March 31, 2011, the Company had outstanding purchase commitments of
$71,645 primarily for the purchase of raw materials expected to be transacted within
the next fiscal year.
The Companys accrual for and the change in its product warranty
liability, which is included in accrued expenses, are as follows:
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 7,583 | $ | 11,922 | $ | 1,655 | ||||||
Acquisition of StrataLight |
| | 11,253 | |||||||||
Warranty provision on products sold |
1,534 | 1,604 | 3,482 | |||||||||
Warranty claims processed including
expirations and changes to prior
estimates |
(5,497 | ) | (6,060 | ) | (4,613 | ) | ||||||
Foreign currency translation and other |
218 | 117 | 145 | |||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 3,838 | $ | 7,583 | $ | 11,922 | ||||||
On March 27, 2008, Furukawa Electric Co. (Furukawa) filed a complaint
against Opnext Japan, Inc., the Companys wholly owned subsidiary (Opnext Japan),
in the Tokyo District Court, alleging that certain laser diode modules sold by us
infringe Furukawas Japanese Patent No. 2,898,643 (the Furukawa Patent). The
complaint sought an injunction as well as 300 million yen in royalty damages. Opnext
Japan filed its answer on May 7, 2008 stating therein its belief that it does not
infringe the Furukawa Patent and that the Furukawa Patent is invalid. On February 24,
2010, the Tokyo District Court entered judgment in favor of Opnext Japan, which
judgment was appealed by Furukawa to the Intellectual Property High Court on March 9,
2010. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously in this litigation and is unable to estimate the potential loss that could result.
On May 27, 2011, Opnext Japan filed a complaint against Furukawa in the Tokyo
District Court, alleging that certain laser diode modules sold by Furukawa infringe
Opnext Japans Japanese patent No. 3,887,174. Opnext Japan is seeking an injunction
as well as damages in the amount of 100 million yen.
17. Related-Party Transactions
Opnext was incorporated on September 18, 2000 (date of inception) in
Delaware as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hitachi, Ltd. (Hitachi), a corporation
organized under the laws of Japan. Opnext Japan, Inc. (Opnext Japan) was
established on September 28, 2000 and on January 31, 2001, Hitachi contributed the
fiber optic components business of its telecommunications system division (the
Predecessor Business) to Opnext Japan. On July 31, 2001, Hitachi contributed 100%
of the shares of Opnext Japan to Opnext in exchange for 100% of Opnexts capital
stock. In a subsequent transaction on July 31, 2001, Clarity Partners, L.P., Clarity
Opnext Holdings I, LLC, and Clarity Opnext Holdings II, LLC together purchased a 30%
interest in Opnexts capital stock.
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Opto Device, Ltd. (Opto Device) was established on February 8, 2002 and on
October 1, 2002, Opto Device acquired the opto device business (the Opto Device
Predecessor Business) from Hitachi. Also on October 1, 2002, Opnext acquired 100% of
the shares of Opto Device from Hitachi. Effective March 1, 2003, Opto Device was
merged into Opnext Japan.
The Company enters into transactions with Hitachi and its subsidiaries in the
normal course of business. Sales to Hitachi and its subsidiaries were $9,016, $14,659
and $19,470 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Purchases from Hitachi and its subsidiaries were $26,244, $19,755 and $40,165 for the
fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Services and certain
facility leases provided by Hitachi and its subsidiaries were $3,084, $2,304 and
$2,822 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and, 2009, respectively. At
March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had accounts receivable from Hitachi and its
subsidiaries of $8,557 and $4,509, respectively. In addition, at March 31, 2011 and
2010, the Company had accounts payable to Hitachi and its subsidiaries of $6,191 and
$4,707, respectively. The Company has also entered into capital equipment leases
with Hitachi Capital Corporation as described in Note 16.
Opnext Japan, Inc. Related Party Agreements
In connection with the transfer of the Predecessor Business from Hitachi to
Opnext Japan and the contribution of the stock of Opnext Japan to the Company, the
following related-party agreements were entered into:
Sales Transition Agreement
Under the terms and conditions of the Sales Transition Agreement, Hitachi,
through a wholly-owned subsidiary, provides certain logistic services to Opnext in
Japan. Specific charges for such services were $1,406, $1,447 and $2,598 for the
fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Intellectual Property License Agreements
Opnext Japan and Hitachi are parties to an intellectual property license
agreement pursuant to which Hitachi licenses certain intellectual property rights to
Opnext Japan on the terms and subject to the conditions stated therein on a fully
paid-up, nonexclusive basis and Opnext Japan licenses certain intellectual property
rights to Hitachi on a fully paid-up, nonexclusive basis. Hitachi has also agreed to
sublicense certain intellectual property to Opnext Japan to the extent that Hitachi
has the right to make available such rights to Opnext Japan in accordance with the
terms and subject to the conditions stated therein.
In October 2002, Opnext Japan and Hitachi Communication Technologies, Ltd., a
wholly owned subsidiary of Hitachi, entered into an intellectual property license
agreement pursuant to which Hitachi Communication licenses certain intellectual
property rights to Opnext Japan on a fully paid-up, nonexclusive basis, and Opnext
Japan licenses certain intellectual property rights to Hitachi Communication on a
fully paid-up, nonexclusive basis, in each case on the terms and subject to the
conditions stated therein.
Opnext Japan Research and Development Agreement
Opnext Japan and Hitachi are parties to a research and development agreement,
pursuant to which Hitachi provides certain research and development support to Opnext
Japan in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Opnext Japan Research and
Development Agreement. Intellectual property resulting from certain research and
development projects is owned by Opnext Japan and licensed to Hitachi on a fully
paid, nonexclusive basis.
Intellectual property resulting from certain other research and development
projects is owned by Hitachi and licensed to Opnext Japan on a fully paid,
nonexclusive basis. Certain other intellectual property is jointly owned. This
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
agreement was amended on October 1, 2002 to include Opto Devices under the same terms
and conditions as Opnext Japan, and to expand the scope to include research and
development support related to the Opto Devices Predecessor Business. The term of
agreement expires on February 20, 2012. The research and development
expenditures relating to this agreement are generally negotiated semi-annually
on a fixed-fee project basis and were $3,410, $4,062 and $5,799 for the fiscal years
ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Opnext Research and Development Agreement
Opnext and Hitachi are parties to a research and development agreement pursuant
to which Hitachi provides certain research and development support to Opnext and/or
its affiliates other than Opnext Japan. Opnext is charged for research and
development support on the same basis that Hitachis wholly-owned subsidiaries are
allocated research and development charges for their activities. Additional fees may
be payable by Opnext to Hitachi if Opnext desires to purchase certain intellectual
property resulting from certain research and development projects.
Intellectual property resulting from certain research and development projects
is owned by Opnext and licensed to Hitachi on a fully paid, nonexclusive basis and
intellectual property resulting from certain other research and development projects
is owned by Hitachi and licensed to Opnext on a fully paid, nonexclusive basis in
accordance with the terms and conditions of the Opnext Research and Development
Agreement. Certain other intellectual property is jointly owned. The term of
agreement expires on February 20, 2012.
Preferred Provider and Procurement Agreements
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Preferred Provider Agreement,
subject to Hitachis product requirements, Hitachi agreed to purchase all of its
optoelectronics component requirements from Opnext, subject to product availability,
specifications, pricing, and customer needs as defined in the agreement. Pursuant to
the terms and conditions of the Procurement Agreement, Hitachi agreed to provide
Opnext each month with a rolling three-month forecast of products to be purchased,
the first two months of such forecast be a firm and binding commitment to purchase.
By mutual agreement of the parties, each of the agreements was terminated on July 31,
2008.
Raw Materials Supply Agreement
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Raw Materials Supply Agreement,
Hitachi agreed to continue to make available for purchase by Opnext laser chips,
other semiconductor devices and all other raw materials that were provided by Hitachi
to the business prior to or as of July 31, 2001 for the production of Opnext
optoelectronics components. By mutual agreement of the parties, the agreement was
terminated on July 31, 2008.
Outsourcing Agreement
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Outsourcing Agreement, Hitachi
agreed to provide on an interim, transitional basis various data processing services,
telecommunications services, and corporate support services, including: accounting,
financial management, information systems management, tax, payroll, human resource
administration, procurement and other general support. By mutual agreement of the
parties, the agreement was terminated on July 31, 2008. However, Hitachi has
continued to make various services available to Opnext under the arrangements
established pursuant to the Outsourcing Agreement. Specific charges for such services
amounted to $2,113, $1,860 and $1,882 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010
and 2009, respectively.
Secondment Agreements
Opnext Japan and Hitachi entered into a one-year secondment agreement effective
February 1, 2001 with
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
automatic annual renewals. Per the agreement, Opnext may offer
employment to any seconded employee, however, approval must be obtained from Hitachi
in advance. All employees listed in the original agreement have either been employed
by Opnext or have returned to Hitachi. In addition to the original agreement,
additional secondment agreements have been entered into with terms that range from
two to three years, however, Hitachi became entitled to terminate these agreements
after July 31, 2005. The seconded employees are covered by the Hitachi, Ltd. Pension
Plan. There were seven and five seconded employees at March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively.
Lease Agreements
Opnext Japan leases certain manufacturing and administrative premises from
Hitachi located in Totsuka, Japan. The term of the original lease agreement was
annual and began on February 1, 2001. The lease was amended effective October 1, 2006
to extend the term until September 30, 2011, and will be renewable annually
thereafter provided neither party notifies the other of its contrary intent. The
annual lease payments for these premises were $814, $751 and $689 for the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Opto Devices Related Party Agreements
In connection with the transfer of the Opto Devices Predecessor
Business from Hitachi to Opto Devices and the acquisition of Opto Devices by the
Company, the following related party agreements were entered into:
Intellectual Property License Agreement
Opto Devices and Hitachi are parties to an intellectual property license
agreement, pursuant to which Hitachi licenses certain intellectual property rights to
Opto Devices on the terms and subject to the conditions stated therein on a fully
paid, nonexclusive basis and Opto Devices licenses certain intellectual property
rights to Hitachi on a fully paid, nonexclusive basis. Hitachi has also agreed to
sublicense certain intellectual property to Opto Devices, to the extent that Hitachi
has the right to make available such rights to Opto Devices, in accordance with the
terms and conditions of the Intellectual Property License Agreement.
Secondment Agreements
Opto Devices, Hitachi and one of Hitachis wholly-owned subsidiaries
entered into one-year secondment agreement effective October 1, 2002 with automatic
annual renewals. Per the agreement, Opnext may offer employment to any seconded
employee, however, approval must be obtained from Hitachi in advance. All employees
listed in the original agreement have either been employed by Opnext or have returned
to Hitachi. In addition to the original agreement, additional secondment agreements
have been entered into with individuals with terms that range from two to three
years, however, Hitachi became entitled to terminate these agreements after September
30, 2006. The seconded employees are covered by the pension plans of Hitachi and its
subsidiary. There were no seconded employees at March 31, 2011 and one seconded
employee at March 31, 2010.
Lease Agreement
Opto Devices leases certain manufacturing and administrative premises from
an entity in which Hitachi is a joint venture partner. The lease expires on March 31,
2016. The lease payments for these properties were $78, $70 and $65 for the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
18. Operating Segments and Geographic Information
Operating Segments
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
As of March 31, 2011, the Company operates in one business segment optical subsystems,
modules and components. Optical subsystems, modules and components transmit and
receive data delivered via light in telecom, data communication, industrial and
commercial applications. The Company reassesses its conclusion that it has one reportable operating segment at least annually.
Geographic Information
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Sales: |
||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 143,026 | $ | 144,799 | $ | 158,530 | ||||||
Asia Pacific, excluding Japan |
85,697 | 46,746 | 31,010 | |||||||||
Europe |
75,072 | 97,572 | 86,019 | |||||||||
Japan |
53,846 | 30,015 | 42,996 | |||||||||
Total |
$ | 357,641 | $ | 319,132 | $ | 318,555 | ||||||
Sales attributed to geographic areas are based on the bill-to location of
the customer.
March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Assets: |
||||||||
North America |
$ | 208,356 | $ | 230,851 | ||||
Japan |
144,696 | 121,122 | ||||||
Europe |
21,305 | 18,325 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 374,357 | $ | 370,298 | ||||
The geographic designation of assets represents the country in which title
is held.
19. Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 900 | $ | 1,022 | $ | 335 | ||||||
Charge (reduction) to expense |
283 | (66 | ) | 718 | ||||||||
Deduction and write-offs |
(223 | ) | (61 | ) | | |||||||
Foreign currency translation and other |
17 | 5 | (31 | ) | ||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 977 | $ | 900 | $ | 1,022 | ||||||
Tax Valuation Allowance
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 236,427 | $ | 238,264 | $ | 228,461 | ||||||
Changes in valuation allowance |
(30,191 | ) | (11,556 | ) | 8,442 | |||||||
Foreign currency translation |
17,991 | 9,719 | 1,361 | |||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 224,227 | $ | 236,427 | $ | 238,264 | ||||||
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Opnext, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
20. Subsequent Events
The Company has determined that there are no material recognized or unrecognized
subsequent events.
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Item 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, after evaluating
with management the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period
covered by this report, have concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls
and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level based on their
evaluation of these controls and procedures required by paragraph (b) of Exchange Act
Rules 13(a)-15 and 15d-15.
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief
Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our
internal controls will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter
how well-conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance
that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control
system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefits of
controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent
limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute
assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected
within the Company.
Managements Annual Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate
internal controls over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). The Companys internal control over financial
reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
However, all internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent
limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide
only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and
reporting. Because of their inherent limitations, internal controls over financial
reporting may fail to adequately prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that
controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of
compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate. Management conducted an
assessment of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework
established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission
in Internal Control Integrated Framework. Based on that assessment, our management
concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2011. Ernst & Young LLP, our independent
registered public accounting firm, has audited our financial statements and has
issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Opnext, Inc.
Opnext, Inc.
We have audited Opnext, Inc.s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as
of March 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission (the COSO criteria). Opnext, Inc.s management is responsible for
maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included
in the accompanying Managements Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial
Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Companys internal
control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial
reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating
the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed
risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the
circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed
to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial
reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions
and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or
disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial
reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any
evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls
may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Opnext, Inc. maintained, in all material respects,
effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2011, based on
the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets
of Opnext, Inc. as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, shareholders equity and comprehensive income (loss), and
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2011 of Opnext,
Inc. and our report dated June 14, 2011, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
MetroPark, New Jersey
June 14, 2011
June 14, 2011
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Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as
defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the fourth
quarter ended March 31, 2011 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely
to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
Item 9B Other.
None.
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PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Information relating to directors,officers and corporate governance of Opnext is incorporated
by reference to our proxy statement for our annual stockholders meeting.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
Information regarding executive compensation is incorporated by reference to our proxy
statement for our annual stockholders meeting.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholders
Matters.
Information regarding ownership of Opnext common stock is incorporated by reference to our
proxy statement for our annual stockholders meeting.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
Information regarding certain relationships, related transactions with Opnext, and director
independence is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for our annual stockholders
meeting.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
Information regarding principal accountant fees and services is incorporated by reference to
our proxy statement for our annual stockholders meeting.
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)(1) All financial statements. The information required by this item is incorporated herein
by reference to the financial statements and notes thereto listed in Item 8 of Part II and included
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(a)(2) Financial statement schedules. All financial statement schedules are omitted because
the required information is included in the financial statements and notes thereto listed in Item 8
of Part II and included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(a)(3) Exhibits.
91
Table of Contents
Exhibit Index
Exhibit | ||
No. | Description of Document | |
3.1
|
Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Opnext, Inc.(1) | |
3.2
|
Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws of Opnext, Inc.(1) | |
3.3
|
Specimen of stock certificate for common stock.(1) | |
4.1
|
Pine Stockholder Agreement, dated as of June 4, 2003, by and among Opnext, Inc. and the Stockholders of Pine Photonics Communications, Inc.(1) | |
4.2
|
Registration Rights Agreement, entered into as of July 31, 2001, by and among Opnext, Inc., Clarity Partners, L.P., Clarity Opnext Holdings I, LLC, Clarity Opnext Holdings II, LLC, and Hitachi, Ltd.(1) | |
4.3
|
Stockholders Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2001, between Opnext, Inc. and each of Hitachi, Ltd., Clarity Partners, L.P., Clarity Opnext Holdings I, LLC and Clarity Opnext Holdings II, LLC, as amended.(1) | |
10.1+
|
Pine Photonics Communications, Inc. 2000 Stock Plan.(1) | |
10.2+
|
Form of Pine Photonics Communications, Inc. 2000 Stock Plan: Stock Option Agreement.(1) | |
10.3+
|
Form of Opnext, Inc. 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement.(1) | |
10.3a+
|
Form of Opnext, Inc. 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement for Senior Executives.(1) | |
10.4b+
|
Form of Opnext, Inc. 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, Stock Appreciation Right Agreement.(1) | |
10.3c+
|
Form of Amendment to Stock Appreciation Right Agreement.(3) | |
10.4
|
Form of Hitachi, Ltd. and Clarity Management, L.P. Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement.(1) | |
10.5+
|
Form of Opnext, Inc. Restricted Stock Agreement.(1) | |
10.6
|
Research and Development Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2001, by and among Hitachi, Ltd., Opnext Japan, Inc. and Opto Device, Ltd. as amended.(1) | |
10.7
|
Research and Development Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2002, by and between Hitachi, Ltd. and Opnext, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.8
|
Intellectual Property License Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2001, by and between Hitachi, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.9
|
Intellectual Property License Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2002, by and between Hitachi, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.10
|
Intellectual Property License Agreement, effective as of October 1, 2002, by and between Hitachi Communication Technologies, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc.(1) | |
10.11
|
Trademark Indication Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2002, by and between Hitachi, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.12
|
Trademark Indication Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2001, by and between Hitachi, Ltd., Opnext, Inc. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.13
|
Lease Agreement, made as of July 31, 2001, between Hitachi Communication Technologies, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.14
|
Lease Agreement, made as of October 1, 2002, between Renesas Technology Corp. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.15
|
Agreement on Bank Transactions between Opnext Japan, Inc. and The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., as amended.(1) | |
10.16
|
Software User License Agreement, dated as of October 20, 2003, by and between Renesas Technology Corp. and Opnext Japan, Inc.(1) | |
10.17
|
Logistics Agreement, effective as of April 1, 2002, between Opnext, Inc. and Hitachi Transport System, Ltd.(1) |
92
Table of Contents
Exhibit | ||
No. | Description of Document | |
10.18
|
Distribution Agreement, dated April 1, 2001, between Hitachi Electronic Devices Sales, Inc. and Opnext Japan, Inc.(1) | |
10.19
|
Distribution Agreement, dated April 1, 2003, between Opnext Japan, Inc. and Renesas Technology Sale Co., Ltd.(1) | |
10.20
|
Distribution Agreement, dated July 1, 2003, between Opnext Japan, Inc. and Hitachi High-Technologies Corp.(1) | |
10.21+
|
Non-Competition Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2007, between Opnext, Inc. and Gilles Bouchard.(2) | |
10.22+
|
Indemnification Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2007, between Opnext, Inc. and Gilles Bouchard.(2) | |
10.23+
|
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2008, between Opnext, Inc. and Michael C. Chan.(3) | |
10.24+
|
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2008, between Opnext, Inc. and Robert J. Nobile.(4) | |
10.25+
|
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of May 15, 2009, between Opnext, Inc. and Gilles Bouchard.(5) | |
10.26+
|
Opnext, Inc. Second Amended and Restated 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, dated as of January 6, 2009.(6) | |
10.27
|
Lease Agreement, made as of September 15, 2008, between Fremont Ventures LLC and Opnext, Inc.(6) | |
10.28
|
Lease Agreement, made as of March 14, 2006, between Los Gatos Business Park and StrataLight Communications, Inc.(6) | |
10.29
|
Lease Agreement, made as of February 1, 2008, and amended June 2, 2008, between Los Gatos Business Park and StrataLight Communications, Inc.(6) | |
10.30+
|
First Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of May 15, 2009, between Opnext, Inc. and Michael Chan.(5) | |
10.31+
|
Separation Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, between Opnext, Inc. and Gilles Bouchard.(7) | |
10.32+
|
First Amendment to Opnext, Inc. Second Amended and Restated 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, dated as of December 22, 2010.(8) | |
10.33+
|
Employment Agreement, dated as of January 26, 2011, between Opnext, Inc. and Harry L. Bosco.(9) | |
10.34
|
Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 9, 2011, by and among Juniper Networks, Inc. and Opnext Subsystems, Inc.(10) | |
21
|
List of Subsidiaries.(6) | |
23.1*
|
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | |
24*
|
Power of Attorney (set fourth on the signature page of this Form 10-K) | |
31.1*
|
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2*
|
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1**
|
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.2**
|
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
(1) | Filed as an exhibit to the Form S-1 Registration Statement (No. 333-138262) declared effective on February 14, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(2) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 1, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
93
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(3) | Filed as an exhibit to Form 10-K/A (Amendment No. 1) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 29, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(4) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 7, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(5) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 19, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(6) | Filed as an exhibit to Form 10-K/A (Amendment No. 1) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 29, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(7) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 13, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(8) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 26, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(9) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(10) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 10-Q as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 9, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
* | Filed herewith. | |
** | Furnished herewith and not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. | |
+ | Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
94
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13(a) and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized.
OPNEXT, INC. |
||||
By: | /s/ Harry L. Bosco | |||
Harry L. Bosco, President and Chief Executive Officer | ||||
By: | /s/ Robert J. Nobile | |||
Robert J. Nobile, Chief Financial Officer and | ||||
Senior Vice President, Finance | ||||
Dated: June 14, 2011
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Table of Contents
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Each person whose signature appears below hereby authorizes and appoints Harry L. Bosco and
Robert J. Nobile as attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone, with full powers of
substitution to sign on his behalf, individually and in the capacities stated below, and to file
any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and other documents in connection with
this Annual Report with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting to those attorneys-in-fact
and agents full power and authority to perform any other act on behalf of the undersigned required
to be done.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
Signature | Title | |
/s/ Harry L. Bosco
|
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive
Officer (principal executive officer) |
|
/s/ Robert J. Nobile
|
Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President,
Finance (principal financial and accounting officer) |
|
/s/ Dr. David Lee
|
Director and Co-Chairman of the Board | |
/s/ Charles J. Abbe
|
Director | |
/s/ Kendall Cowan
|
Director | |
/s/ Dr. Isamu Kuru
|
Director | |
/s/ Ryuichi Otsuki
|
Director | |
/s/ John F. Otto, Jr.
|
Director | |
/s/ Philip F. Otto
|
Director | |
/s/ William L. Smith
|
Director |
96
Table of Contents
Exhibit Index
Exhibit | ||
No. | Description of Document | |
3.1
|
Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Opnext, Inc.(1) | |
3.2
|
Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws of Opnext, Inc.(1) | |
3.3
|
Specimen of stock certificate for common stock.(1) | |
4.1
|
Pine Stockholder Agreement, dated as of June 4, 2003, by and among Opnext, Inc. and the Stockholders of Pine Photonics Communications, Inc.(1) | |
4.2
|
Registration Rights Agreement, entered into as of July 31, 2001, by and among Opnext, Inc., Clarity Partners, L.P., Clarity Opnext Holdings I, LLC, Clarity Opnext Holdings II, LLC, and Hitachi, Ltd.(1) | |
4.3
|
Stockholders Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2001, between Opnext, Inc. and each of Hitachi, Ltd., Clarity Partners, L.P., Clarity Opnext Holdings I, LLC and Clarity Opnext Holdings II, LLC, as amended.(1) | |
10.1+
|
Pine Photonics Communications, Inc. 2000 Stock Plan.(1) | |
10.2+
|
Form of Pine Photonics Communications, Inc. 2000 Stock Plan: Stock Option Agreement.(1) | |
10.3+
|
Form of Opnext, Inc. 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement.(1) | |
10.3a+
|
Form of Opnext, Inc. 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement for Senior Executives.(1) | |
10.4b+
|
Form of Opnext, Inc. 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, Stock Appreciation Right Agreement.(1) | |
10.3c+
|
Form of Amendment to Stock Appreciation Right Agreement.(3) | |
10.4
|
Form of Hitachi, Ltd. and Clarity Management, L.P. Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement.(1) | |
10.5+
|
Form of Opnext, Inc. Restricted Stock Agreement.(1) | |
10.6
|
Research and Development Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2001, by and among Hitachi, Ltd., Opnext Japan, Inc. and Opto Device, Ltd. as amended.(1) | |
10.7
|
Research and Development Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2002, by and between Hitachi, Ltd. and Opnext, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.8
|
Intellectual Property License Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2001, by and between Hitachi, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.9
|
Intellectual Property License Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2002, by and between Hitachi, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.10
|
Intellectual Property License Agreement, effective as of October 1, 2002, by and between Hitachi Communication Technologies, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc.(1) | |
10.11
|
Trademark Indication Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2002, by and between Hitachi, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.12
|
Trademark Indication Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2001, by and between Hitachi, Ltd., Opnext, Inc. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.13
|
Lease Agreement, made as of July 31, 2001, between Hitachi Communication Technologies, Ltd. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.14
|
Lease Agreement, made as of October 1, 2002, between Renesas Technology Corp. and Opnext Japan, Inc., as amended.(1) | |
10.15
|
Agreement on Bank Transactions between Opnext Japan, Inc. and The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., as amended.(1) | |
10.16
|
Software User License Agreement, dated as of October 20, 2003, by and between Renesas Technology Corp. and Opnext Japan, Inc.(1) | |
10.17
|
Logistics Agreement, effective as of April 1, 2002, between Opnext, Inc. and Hitachi Transport System, Ltd.(1) |
97
Table of Contents
Exhibit | ||
No. | Description of Document | |
10.18
|
Distribution Agreement, dated April 1, 2001, between Hitachi Electronic Devices Sales, Inc. and Opnext Japan, Inc.(1) | |
10.19
|
Distribution Agreement, dated April 1, 2003, between Opnext Japan, Inc. and Renesas Technology Sale Co., Ltd.(1) | |
10.20
|
Distribution Agreement, dated July 1, 2003, between Opnext Japan, Inc. and Hitachi High-Technologies Corp.(1) | |
10.21+
|
Non-Competition Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2007, between Opnext, Inc. and Gilles Bouchard.(2) | |
10.22+
|
Indemnification Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2007, between Opnext, Inc. and Gilles Bouchard.(2) | |
10.23+
|
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2008, between Opnext, Inc. and Michael C. Chan.(3) | |
10.24+
|
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2008, between Opnext, Inc. and Robert J. Nobile.(4) | |
10.25+
|
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of May 15, 2009, between Opnext, Inc. and Gilles Bouchard.(5) | |
10.26+
|
Opnext, Inc. Second Amended and Restated 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, dated as of January 6, 2009.(6) | |
10.27
|
Lease Agreement, made as of September 15, 2008, between Fremont Ventures LLC and Opnext, Inc.(6) | |
10.28
|
Lease Agreement, made as of March 14, 2006, between Los Gatos Business Park and StrataLight Communications, Inc.(6) | |
10.29
|
Lease Agreement, made as of February 1, 2008, and amended June 2, 2008, between Los Gatos Business Park and StrataLight Communications, Inc.(6) | |
10.30+
|
First Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of May 15, 2009, between Opnext, Inc. and Michael Chan.(5) | |
10.31+
|
Separation Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, between Opnext, Inc. and Gilles Bouchard.(7) | |
10.32+
|
First Amendment to Opnext, Inc. Second Amended and Restated 2001 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, dated as of December 22, 2010.(8) | |
10.33+
|
Employment Agreement, dated as of January 26, 2011, between Opnext, Inc. and Harry L. Bosco.(9) | |
10.34
|
Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 9, 2011, by and among Juniper Networks, Inc. and Opnext Subsystems, Inc.(10) | |
21
|
List of Subsidiaries.(6) | |
23.1*
|
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | |
24*
|
Power of Attorney (set fourth on the signature page of this Form 10-K) | |
31.1*
|
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2*
|
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1**
|
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.2**
|
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
(1) | Filed as an exhibit to the Form S-1 Registration Statement (No. 333-138262) declared effective on February 14, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(2) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 1, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
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(3) | Filed as an exhibit to Form 10-K/A (Amendment No. 1) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 29, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(4) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 7, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(5) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 19, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(6) | Filed as an exhibit to Form 10-K/A (Amendment No. 1) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 29, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(7) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 13, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(8) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 26, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(9) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 28, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(10) | Filed as an exhibit on Form 10-Q as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 9, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
* | Filed herewith. | |
** | Furnished herewith and not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. | |
+ | Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
99