UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

 

Commission File Number 1-8462

 

GRAHAM CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code 585-343-2216

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes o     No þ

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes o     No þ

 

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o

 

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes o     No o

 

Indicate by checkmark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

 

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o     No þ

 

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of September 30, 2010, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $143,349,083. The market value calculation was determined using the closing price of the registrant’s common stock on September 30, 2010, as reported on the NYSE Amex exchange. For purposes of the foregoing calculation only, all directors, officers and the Employee Stock Ownership Plan of the registrant have been deemed affiliates.

 

As of May 27, 2011, the registrant had outstanding 9,865,642 shares of common stock, $.10 par value, and 9,865,642 preferred stock purchase rights.

 

Documents Incorporated By Reference

 

Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed in connection with the registrant’s 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on July 28, 2011, are incorporated by reference into Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of this filing.

 

 

Table of Contents

GRAHAM CORPORATION
Annual Report on Form 10-K
Year Ended March 31, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

Graham Corporation (“Graham,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) designs, manufactures and sells custom-built vacuum and heat transfer equipment to customers worldwide. Our products include steam jet ejector vacuum systems, surface condensers for steam turbines, vacuum pumps and compressors, various types of heat exchangers, including helical coil heat exchangers marketed under the Heliflow^® name, and plate and frame heat exchangers. Our products produce a vacuum, condense steam vapor or transfer heat, or perform a combination of these tasks. Our products are available in a variety of metals and non-metallic corrosion resistant materials.

 

We acquired Energy Steel and Supply Company (“Energy Steel”) in December 2010 as part of our strategy to diversify our products and broaden our offerings to the energy industry. Energy Steel is a nuclear code accredited fabrication and specialty machining company which provides products to the nuclear power generation industry, primarily in the United States.

 

Our products are used in a wide range of industrial process applications, including:

 

Petroleum Refining

 

Chemical and Petrochemical Processing

 

 

Power Generation/Alternate Energy

 

 

Defense

 

 

Other

 

 

Our Customers and Markets

 

Our principal customers are in the chemical, petrochemical, petroleum refining and power generating industries, and can be end users of our products in their manufacturing, refining and power generation processes, large engineering companies that build installations for companies in such industries, and/or the original equipment manufacturers, who combine our products with their equipment prior to its sale to end users.

 

Our products are sold by a team of sales engineers we employ directly and independent sales representatives located worldwide. No part of our business is typically dependent on a single customer or a few customers, the loss of which would seriously harm our business, or on contracts or subcontracts that are subject to renegotiation or termination by a governmental agency. There may be short periods of time, a fiscal year for example, where one customer may make up greater than 10% of our business. However, if this occurs in multiple years, it is usually not the same customer or the same project over the multi-year period.

 

Historically, 40% to 55% percent of our revenue has been generated from foreign sales. We believe that revenue from the sale of our products outside the U.S. will continue to account for a significant portion of our total revenue for the foreseeable future. We have invested significant resources in developing and maintaining our international sales operations and presence, and we intend to continue to make such investments in the future. As a result of the expansion of our presence in Asia, we expect that the Asian market will over time account for an increasing percentage of our revenue. However, with the acquisition of Energy Steel, whose sales are primarily domestic, we expect international sales to continue to account for 40% to 55% or more of total revenue over the next few years.

 

A breakdown of our net sales by geographic area and product class for our fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, which we refer to as fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, respectively, is contained in Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and such breakdown is incorporated into this Item 1 by reference. We refer to our fiscal year ending March 31, 2012 as fiscal 2012. Our backlog at March 31, 2011 was $91,096 compared with $94,255 at March 31, 2010.

 

We were incorporated in Delaware in 1983 and are the successor to Graham Manufacturing Co., Inc., which was incorporated in New York in 1936. Our principal business location is in Batavia, New York. We maintain two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Graham Vacuum and Heat Transfer Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., located in Suzhou, China and Energy Steel, located in Lapeer, Michigan. As of March 31, 2011, we had 317 full-time employees. On December 14, 2010, we acquired Energy Steel. This transaction was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly, the results of Energy Steel were included in our Consolidated Financial Statements from the date of acquisition.

 

Our Strengths

 

Our core strengths include the following:

 

 

 

Our Strategy

 

Our objective is to capture more market share within the geographies and industries we serve, expand our geographic markets, grow our presence in the energy industry and continually improve our results of operations. Our strategy to accomplish our objective is:

 

 

 

In order to effectively implement our strategy, we also believe that we must continually work to improve our company. These efforts include:

 

 

Competition

 

Our business is highly competitive. The principal bases on which we compete include technology, price, performance, reputation, delivery, and quality. Our competitors in our primary markets include:

 

NORTH AMERICA

 

 

INTERNATIONAL

 

 

Intellectual Property

 

Our success depends in part on our proprietary technology. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark, trade secret laws and contractual confidentiality provisions to establish and protect our proprietary rights. We also depend heavily on the brand recognition of the Graham name in the marketplace.

 

Availability of Raw Materials

 

Although shortages of certain materials can from time to time affect our ability to meet delivery requirements for certain orders, historically, we have not been materially adversely impacted by the availability of raw materials.

 

Working Capital Practices

 

Our business does not require us to carry significant amounts of inventory or materials beyond what is needed for work in process. Although we do not provide rights to return goods, or payment terms to customers that we consider to be extended in the context of the industries we serve, we do provide for warranty claims.

 

Environmental Matters

 

We believe that we are in material compliance with existing environmental laws and regulations. We do not anticipate that our compliance with federal, state and local laws regulating the discharge of material in the

environment or otherwise pertaining to the protection of the environment will have a material effect upon our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position.

 

Seasonality

 

No material part of our business is seasonal in nature. However, our business is highly cyclical in nature as it depends on the willingness of our customers to invest in major capital projects.

 

Research and Development Activities

 

During fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, we spent $2,576, $3,824 and $3,347, respectively, on research and development activities related to new products and services, or the improvement of existing products and services.

 

Information Regarding International Sales

 

The sale of our products outside the U.S. has accounted for a significant portion of our total revenue during our last three fiscal years. Approximately 55%, 55% and 37% of our revenue in fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, respectively, resulted from foreign sales. Sales in Asia constituted approximately 22%, 33% and 13% of our revenue in fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, respectively. Sales in the Middle East constituted approximately 16%, 10% and 8% of our revenue in fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, respectively. Our foreign sales and operations are subject to numerous risks, as discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part I and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Employees

 

As of March 31, 2011, we employed approximately 329 persons, including 10 part-time employees. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

 

Available Information

 

We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Therefore, we file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The SEC maintains an Internet website (located at www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy statements and other information for registrants that file electronically. Additionally, such reports may be read and copied at the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information regarding the SEC’s Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling 1-800-SEC-0330.

 

We maintain an Internet website located at www.graham-mfg.com. On our website, we provide a link to the SEC’s Internet website that contains the reports, proxy statements and other information we file electronically. We do not provide this information on our website because it is more cost effective for us to provide a link to the SEC’s website. Copies of all documents we file with the SEC are available in print for any stockholder who makes a request. Such requests should be made to our Corporate Secretary at our corporate headquarters. The other information found on our website is not part of this or any other report we file with, or furnish to, the SEC.

 

 

Our business and operations are subject to numerous risks, many of which are described below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. If any of the events described below or elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K occur, our business and results of operations could be harmed. Additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known to us, or which we currently deem to be immaterial, could also harm our business and results of operations.

Risks related to our business

 

The industries in which we operate are cyclical, and downturns in such industries may adversely affect our operating results.

 

Historically, a substantial portion of our revenue has been derived from the sale of our products to companies in the chemical, petrochemical, petroleum refining and power generating industries and the U.S. Department of Defense, or to firms that design and construct facilities for these industries. The core industries in which our products are used are, to varying degrees, cyclical and have historically experienced severe downturns. Although we believe there will be a long-term expansion of demand for our products in the petrochemical, petroleum refining and power generating industries, during fiscal 2008 we entered a sudden downturn in the demand for our products. Historically, previous cyclical downturns have lasted from one to several years. Although the downturn that began in fiscal 2008 has begun to moderate and we have seen recent signals of economic recovery in our markets, we have no way to predict whether any recovery will be sustainable. A longer than normal down cycle could force us to reduce our infrastructure, which would make it difficult for us to quickly recover in the subsequent up cycle. A sustained or renewed deterioration in any of the cyclical industries we serve would materially harm our business and operating results because our customers would not likely have the resources necessary to purchase our products, nor would they likely have the need to build additional facilities or improve existing facilities.

 

We serve markets that are capital intensive. Volatility and disruption of the capital and credit markets and adverse changes in the global economy may negatively impact our operating results. Such volatility and disruption may also negatively impact our ability to access additional financing.

 

Although we believe that our long-term growth prospects remain strong, we also expect that the recent state of the capital and credit markets caused a slow-down in spending by our customers as they continue to evaluate their project plans. Although we believe that we are in the initial stages of an economic recovery, if adverse economic and credit conditions persist, return or worsen, we would likely experience decreased revenue from our operations attributable to decreases in the spending levels of our customers. Moreover, adverse economic and credit conditions might also have a negative adverse effect on our cash flows if customers demand that we accept smaller project deposits and less frequent progress payments. In addition, adverse economic and credit conditions could put downward pricing pressure on us. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

 

Adverse conditions in the capital and credit markets could also have an adverse effect on our ability to obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, should we determine such financing is desirable to maintain or expand our business.

 

The larger markets we serve are the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries which are both cyclical in nature and dependent on the price of crude oil. As a result, volatility in the price of oil may negatively impact our operating results.

 

Although we believe that the global consumption of crude oil will increase over the course of the next 20 years and that such increased consumption will result in a need to continually increase global oil refining capacity, the price of crude oil has been very volatile. Many of our products are purchased in connection with oil refinery construction, revamps and upgrades. During times of significant volatility in the market for crude oil, our customers may refrain from placing orders until the market stabilizes. During such times of high volatility, we could experience decreased revenue from our operations attributable to decreases in the spending levels of our customers.

 

A large percentage of our sales occur outside of the U.S. As a result, we are subject to the economic, political, regulatory and other risks of international operations.

 

For fiscal 2011, 55% of our revenue was from customers located outside of the U.S. Moreover, we maintain a subsidiary and have facilities in China. We believe that revenue from the sale of our products outside the U.S. will continue to account for a significant portion of our total revenue for the foreseeable future. We intend to continue to

expand our international operations to the extent that suitable opportunities become available. Our foreign operations and sales could be adversely affected as a result of:

 

 

We are subject to foreign currency fluctuations which may adversely affect our operating results.

 

We are exposed to the risk of currency fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the currencies of the countries in which we sell our products to the extent that such sales are not based on U.S. dollars. As such, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, which cause the value of the dollar to increase, could have a material adverse effect on the profitability of our business. While we may enter into currency exchange rate hedges from time to time to mitigate these types of fluctuations, we cannot remove all fluctuations or hedge all exposures and our earnings are impacted by changes in currency exchange rates. In addition, if the counter-parties to such exchange contracts do not fulfill their obligations to deliver the contractual foreign currencies, we could be at risk for fluctuations, if any, required to settle the obligation. At March 31, 2011, we held no forward foreign currency exchange contracts.

 

Efforts to reduce large U.S. federal budget deficits could result in government cutbacks in defense spending or in reduced incentives to pursue alternative energy projects, resulting in reduced demand for our products.

 

Our business strategy calls for us to continue to pursue defense-related projects as well as projects for end users in the alternative energy markets in the U.S. In recent years the U.S. federal government has incurred large budget deficits. In the event that the U.S. federal government defense spending is reduced or alternative energy related incentives are reduced or eliminated in an effort to reduce federal budget deficits, projects related to defense or alternative energy may become less plentiful. The impact of such reductions could have a materially adverse affect on our business and operations.

 

Changes in tax policies and tax rates in the U.S. could result in adverse impacts for domestic manufacturing investments, resulting in reduced demand for our products.

 

Our business is dependent on significant manufacturing investment in the U.S. and the impact of changes to U.S. tax policy around investment and capital spending depreciation can reduce our customers’ willingness to invest in domestic capacity. The impact of such reductions could have a materially adverse affect on our business and operations.

If we fail to introduce enhancements to our existing products or to keep abreast of technological changes in our markets, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

Although technologies in the vacuum and heat transfer areas are well established, we believe our future success depends, in part, on our ability to enhance our existing products and develop new products in order to continue to meet customer demands. Our failure to introduce new or enhanced products on a timely and cost-competitive basis, or the development of processes that make our existing technologies or products obsolete, could materially harm our business and results of operations.

 

The loss of any member of our management team and our inability to make up for such loss with a qualified replacement could harm our business.

 

Competition for qualified management and key technical personnel in our industry is intense. Moreover our technology is highly specialized and it may be difficult to replace the loss of any of our key technical personnel. Many of the companies with which we compete for management and key technical personnel have greater financial and other resources than we do or are located in geographic areas which may be considered by some to be more desirable places to live. If we are not able to retain any of our key management or technical personnel, our business could be materially harmed.

 

Our business is highly competitive. If we are unable to successfully implement our business strategy and compete against entities with greater resources than us, we risk losing market share to current and future competitors.

 

Some of our present and potential competitors may have substantially greater financial, marketing, technical or manufacturing resources. Our competitors may also be able to respond more quickly to new technologies or processes and changes in customer demands and they may be able to devote greater resources towards the development, promotion and sale of their products than we can. In addition, our current and potential competitors may make strategic acquisitions or establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties that increase their ability to address the needs of our customers. Moreover, customer buying patterns can change if customers become more price sensitive and accepting of low cost suppliers. If we cannot compete successfully against current or future competitors, our business will be materially harmed.

 

If we are unable to make necessary capital investments or respond to pricing pressures, our business may be harmed.

 

In order to remain competitive, we need to invest continuously in manufacturing, customer service and support, research and development and marketing. From time to time we also have to adjust the prices of our products to remain competitive. We may not have available sufficient financial or other resources to continue to make investments necessary to maintain our competitive position, which would materially harm our business.

 

If third parties infringe upon our intellectual property or if we were to infringe upon the intellectual property of third parties, we may expend significant resources enforcing or defending our rights or suffer competitive injury.

 

Our success depends in part on our proprietary technology. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark, trade secret laws and confidentiality provisions to establish and protect our proprietary rights. If we fail to successfully enforce our intellectual property rights, our competitive position could suffer. We may also be required to spend significant resources to monitor and police our intellectual property rights. Similarly, if we were found to have unintentionally infringed on the intellectual property rights of others, our competitive position could suffer. Furthermore, other companies may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technologies, duplicate or reverse engineer our technologies or design around our patents. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

 

In some instances, litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights and protect our proprietary information, or to defend against claims by third parties that our products infringe their intellectual property rights. Any litigation or claims brought by or against us, whether with or without merit, could result in

substantial costs to us and divert the attention of our management, which could materially harm our business and results of operations. In addition, any intellectual property litigation or claims against us could result in the loss or compromise of our intellectual property and proprietary rights, subject us to significant liabilities, require us to seek licenses on unfavorable terms, prevent us from manufacturing or selling certain products or require us to redesign certain products, any of which could materially harm our business and results of operations.

 

We are subject to contract cancellations and delays by our customers, which may adversely affect our operating results.

 

The dollar amount of our backlog as of March 31, 2011 was $91,096. Our backlog can be significantly affected by the timing of large orders, and the amount of our backlog at March 31, 2011 is not necessarily indicative of future backlog levels or the rate at which our backlog will be recognized as sales. Although historically the amount of modifications and terminations of our orders has not been material compared with our total contract volume, customers can, and sometimes do, terminate or modify their orders. We cannot predict whether cancellations will occur or accelerate in the future. Although certain of our contracts in backlog may contain provisions allowing for us to assess cancellation charges to our customers to compensate us for costs incurred on cancelled contracts, cancellations of purchase orders or modifications made to existing contracts could substantially and materially reduce our backlog and, consequently, our future sales and results of operations. Moreover, delay of contract execution by our customers can result in volatility in our operating results.

 

Two orders in our backlog, the U.S. Navy project and a Middle East refinery project, are expected to account for approximately 25% of fiscal 2012 revenue. Any delay in either of these projects could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

 

A decrease in supply or cost of the materials used in our products could harm our profit margins.

 

Our profitability depends in part on the price and continuity of supply of the materials used in the manufacture of our products, which in many instances are supplied by a limited number of sources. The availability and costs of these commodities may be influenced by, among other things, market forces of supply and demand, changes in world politics, labor relations between the producers and their work forces, export quotas, and inflation. Any restrictions on the supply of the materials used by us in manufacturing our products could significantly reduce our profit margins, which could harm our results of operations. Likewise, any efforts we may engage in to mitigate restrictions on the supply or price increases of materials by entering into long-term purchase agreements, by implementing productivity improvements or by passing cost increases on to our customers may not be successful. In addition, the ability of our suppliers to meet quality and delivery requirements can also impact our ability to meet commitments to customers. Future shortages or price fluctuations in raw materials could result in decreased sales as well as margins, or otherwise materially adversely affect our business.

 

The loss of, or significant reduction or delay in, purchases by our largest customers could reduce our revenue and adversely affect our results of operations.

 

A small number of customers has accounted for a substantial portion of our historical net sales. For example, sales to our top ten customers accounted for 46%, 44% and 42% of consolidated sales in fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. We expect that a limited number of customers will continue to represent a substantial portion of our sales for the foreseeable future. The loss of any of our major customers or a decrease or delay in orders or anticipated spending by such customers could materially adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.

 

Our exposure to fixed-price contracts could negatively impact our results of operations.

 

A substantial portion of our sales is derived from fixed-price contracts, which may involve long-term fixed price commitments to customers. While we believe our contract management processes are strong, we nevertheless could experience difficulties in executing large contracts, including but not limited to, cost overruns, supplier failures and customer disputes. To the extent that any of our fixed-price contracts are delayed, our subcontractors fail to perform, contract counterparties successfully assert claims against us, the original cost estimates in these or other contracts prove to be inaccurate or the contracts do not permit us to pass increased costs on to our customers,

our profitability from a particular contract may decrease or losses may be incurred, which, in turn, could adversely affect our results of operations.

 

If we are unable to effectively outsource a portion of our production during times when we are experiencing strong demand, our results of operations might be adversely affected. In addition, outsourcing may negatively affect our profit margins.

 

When we experience strong demand for our products, our business strategy calls for us to increase manufacturing capacity through outsourcing selected fabrication processes. We could experience difficulty in outsourcing if customers demand that our products be manufactured by us exclusively. Furthermore, our ability to effectively outsource production could be adversely affected by worldwide manufacturing capacity. If we are unable to effectively outsource our production capacity when circumstances warrant, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected and we might not be able to deliver products to our customers on a timely basis. In addition, outsourcing to complete our products and services can increase the costs associated with such products and services. If we rely too heavily on outsourcing and are not able to increase our own production capacity during times when there is high demand for our products and services, our profit margins may be negatively impacted.

 

We face potential liability from asbestos exposure and similar claims.

 

We are a defendant in several lawsuits alleging illnesses from exposure to asbestos or asbestos-containing products and seeking unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. We cannot predict with certainty the outcome of these lawsuits or whether we could become subject to any similar, related or additional lawsuits in the future. In addition, because some of our products are used in systems that handle toxic or hazardous substances, any failure or alleged failure of our products in the future could result in litigation against us. For example, a claim could be made under various regulations for the adverse consequences of environmental contamination. Any litigation brought against us, whether with or without merit, could result in substantial costs to us as well as divert the attention of our management, which could materially harm our business and results of operations.

 

If we become subject to product liability, warranty or other claims, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

 

The manufacture and sale of our products exposes us to potential product liability claims, including those that may arise from failure to meet product specifications, misuse or malfunction of, design flaws in our products, or use of our products with systems not manufactured or sold by us. For example, our equipment is installed in facilities that operate dangerous processes and the misapplication, improper installation or failure of our equipment may result in exposure to potentially hazardous substances, personal injury or property damage.

 

Provisions contained in our contracts with customers that attempt to limit our damages may not be enforceable or may fail to protect us from liability for damages and we may not negotiate such contractual limitations of liability in certain circumstances. Although we carry liability insurance that we believe is adequate to protect us from product liability claims based on our historical experience, our insurance may not cover all liabilities nor may our historical experience reflect any liabilities we may face in the future. We also may not be able to continue to maintain such insurance at a reasonable cost or on reasonable terms, or at all. Any material liability not covered by provisions in our contracts or by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

 

Furthermore, if a customer suffers damage as a result of an event related to one of our products, even if we are not at fault, they may reduce their business with us. We may also incur significant warranty claims, which are not covered by insurance. In the event a customer ceases doing business with us as a result of a product malfunction or defect, perceived or actual, or if we incur significant warranty costs in the future, there could be a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

 

Changes in or enforcement of energy policy regulations could adversely affect our business.

 

Energy policy in the U.S. and in the other countries where we sell our products is evolving rapidly and we anticipate that energy policy will continue to be an important legislative priority in the jurisdictions where we sell

our products. It is difficult, if not impossible, to predict the changes in energy policy that could occur. The elimination of, or a change in, any of the current rules and regulations in any of our markets could create a regulatory environment that makes our end users less likely to purchase our products, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

Any global economic recovery may be led by emerging markets, which could result in lower profit margins and increased competition.

 

A global economic recovery may be led by emerging markets. In the event that a global economic recovery is led by emerging markets, we could face increased competition from lower cost suppliers, which in turn could lead to lower profit margins on our products. In addition, if the global economic recovery is led by emerging markets, the pace of such recovery could be slower than the pace of prior recoveries. Customers in emerging markets may also place less emphasis on our high quality and brand name than do customers in the U.S. and certain of the other industrialized countries where we compete. If we are forced to compete for business with customers that place less emphasis on quality and brand recognition than our current customers or the pace of any economic recovery is slower than the pace of prior recoveries, our results of operations could be materially adversely impacted.

 

Risks related to operating a subsidiary and doing business in China

 

In addition to the factors identified above, the operation of our Chinese subsidiary is subject to the following additional risks:

 

The operations of our Chinese subsidiary may be adversely affected by China’s evolving economic, political and social conditions.

 

We conduct our business in China primarily through a wholly-owned Chinese subsidiary. The results of operations and future prospects of our Chinese subsidiary are subject to evolving economic, political and social developments in China. In particular, the results of operations of our Chinese subsidiary may be adversely affected by, among other things, changes in China’s political, economic and social conditions, changes in policies of the Chinese government, changes in laws and regulations or in the interpretation of existing laws and regulations, changes in foreign exchange regulations, measures that may be introduced to control inflation, such as interest rate increases, and changes in the rates or methods of taxation. In addition, changes in demand could result from increased competition from local Chinese manufacturers who have cost advantages or who may be preferred suppliers. Also, Chinese commercial laws, regulations and interpretations applicable to non-Chinese owned market participants such as us are rapidly changing. These laws, regulations and interpretations could impose restrictions on our ownership or operations of our interests in China and have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

Intellectual property rights are difficult to enforce in China.

 

Chinese commercial law is relatively undeveloped compared with the commercial law in many of our other major markets and limited protection of intellectual property is available in China as a practical matter. Although we take precautions in the operations of our Chinese subsidiary to protect our intellectual property, any local design or manufacture of products that we undertake in China could subject us to an increased risk that unauthorized parties will be able to copy or otherwise obtain or use our intellectual property, which could harm our business. We may also have limited legal recourse in the event we encounter patent or trademark infringers.

 

Uncertainties with respect to the Chinese legal system may adversely affect the operations of our Chinese subsidiary.

 

Our Chinese subsidiary is subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China. There are uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of laws, rules and policies in China. The Chinese legal system is based on written statutes, and prior court decisions have limited precedential value. Because many laws and regulations are relatively new and the Chinese legal system is still evolving, the interpretations of many laws, regulations and rules are not always uniform. Moreover, the relative inexperience of China’s judiciary in many cases creates additional uncertainty as to the outcome of any litigation, and the interpretation of statutes and regulations

may be subject to government policies reflecting domestic political changes. Finally, enforcement of existing laws or contracts based on existing law may be uncertain and sporadic. For the preceding reasons, it may be difficult for us to obtain swift and equitable enforcement of laws ostensibly designed to protect companies like ours.

 

Risks related to our acquisition and ownership of Energy Steel & Supply Company

 

In addition to the factors identified above, the operation of our subsidiary Energy Steel is subject to the following additional risks:

 

It may be more difficult, costly or time-consuming to integrate our historical business with the business of Energy Steel than we expect.

 

On December 14, 2010, we acquired Energy Steel, a fabrication and specialty machining company dedicated exclusively to the nuclear power industry. The success of our acquisition of Energy Steel will depend, in part, on our ability to realize the anticipated benefits from integrating our historical business, operations and management with the business, operations and management of Energy Steel. We cannot provide any assurances that we will be able to integrate the business and operations of Energy Steel without encountering difficulties, including unanticipated costs, difficulty in retaining customers and supplier or other relationships, failure to retain key employees, diversion of our management’s attention, failure to integrate information and accounting systems or establish and maintain proper internal control over financial reporting. Moreover, as part of the integration process, we must conform Energy Steel’s existing business culture and compensation structure with ours. If we are not able to efficiently integrate Energy Steel’s business and operations into our organization in a timely and efficient manner, or at all, the anticipated benefits of our acquisition of Energy Steel may not be realized, or it may take longer to realize these benefits than we currently expect, either of which could materially harm our business or results of operations.

 

Our acquisition of Energy Steel might subject us to unknown liabilities.

 

Energy Steel may have unknown liabilities, including, but not limited to, product liability, workers’ compensation liability, tax liability and liability for improper business practices. Although we are entitled to indemnification from the seller of Energy Steel for these and other matters, we could experience difficulty enforcing those obligations or we could incur material liabilities for the past activities of Energy Steel. Such liabilities and related legal or other costs could materially harm our business or results of operations.

 

Political and regulatory developments could make the utilization and growth of nuclear power as an energy source less desirable.

 

On March 11, 2011, a major earthquake and tsunami struck Japan and caused substantial damage to the nuclear generating units at the Fukushima Daiichi generating plant. The events in Japan have created uncertainties worldwide regarding, among other things, the desirability of operating existing nuclear power plants and building new or replacement nuclear power plants. Should public opinion or political pressure result in the closing of existing nuclear facilities or otherwise result in the failure of the nuclear power industry to grow, especially within the U.S., the business and growth prospects of Energy Steel could be materially adversely impacted.

 

In addition, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, or NRC, plans to perform additional operational and safety reviews of nuclear facilities in the U.S. It is possible that the NRC could take action or impose regulations that adversely affects the demand for Energy Steel’s products and services, or otherwise delays or prohibits construction of new nuclear power generation facilities, even temporarily. If any such event were to occur, the business or operations of Energy Steel could be materially adversely impacted.

 

Our intangible assets substantially increased as a result of our acquisition of Energy Steel. Should a portion of these intangible assets be impaired, results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

 

Our balance sheet includes intangible assets, including goodwill and other separately identifiable intangible assets, primarily as a result of our acquisition of Energy Steel. The value of these intangible assets may increase in the future if we complete additional acquisitions as part of our overall business strategy. We are required to review our intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if certain indicators of permanent

impairment arise. Factors that could indicate that our intangible assets are impaired could include, among other things, a decline in our stock price and market capitalization, lower than projected operating results and cash flows, and slower than expected growth rates in our markets. If a portion of our intangible assets becomes impaired as a result of such a review, the impaired portion of such assets would have to be written-off during that period. Such a write-off could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

 

Risks related to the ownership of our common stock

 

Provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could impair or delay stockholders’ ability to change our management and could discourage takeover transactions that our stockholders might consider to be in their best interests.

 

Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could impede attempts by our stockholders to remove or replace our management and could discourage others from initiating a potential merger, takeover or other change of control transaction, including a potential transaction at a premium over the market price of our common stock, that our stockholders might consider to be in their best interests. For example:

 

 

 

Not applicable.

 

 

Our corporate headquarters, located at 20 Florence Avenue, Batavia, New York, consists of a 45,000 square foot building. Our manufacturing facilities, also located in Batavia, consist of approximately 33 acres and contain about 216,000 square feet in several connected buildings, including 162,000 square feet in manufacturing facilities, 48,000 square feet for warehousing and a 6,000 square-foot building for product research and development. We also lease approximately 15,000 square feet of office space and 45,000 square feet of manufacturing facilities for our subsidiary, Energy Steel, located in Lapeer, Michigan. Additionally, we lease a U.S. sales office in Houston and our Chinese subsidiary leases a sales and engineering office in Suzhou, China.

 

We believe that our properties are generally in good condition, are well maintained, and are suitable and adequate to carry on our business.

 

 

The information required by this Item 3 is contained in Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

 

Our common stock is traded on the NYSE Amex exchange under the symbol “GHM”. As of May 27, 2011, there were 9,866 shares of our common stock outstanding that were held by approximately 147 stockholders of record.

 

The following table shows the high and low per share prices of our common stock for the periods indicated, as reported by the NYSE Amex.

 

 

Subject to the rights of any preferred stock we may then have outstanding, the holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends as may be declared from time to time by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends. Dividends declared per share by our Board of Directors for each of the four quarters of fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010 were $.02. There can be no assurance that we will pay cash dividends in any future period or that the level of cash dividends paid by us will remain constant.

Our senior credit facility contains provisions pertaining to the maintenance of a maximum funded debt to earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, ratio and a minimum earnings before interest expense and income taxes to interest ratio as well as restrictions on the payment of dividends to stockholders. The facility limits the payment of dividends to stockholders to 25% of net income if our maximum funded debt to EBITDA ratio is greater than 2.0 to 1. As of March 31 and May 27, 2011, we did not have any funded debt outstanding. More information regarding our senior credit facility can be found in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

We maintain a stock repurchase program that permits us to repurchase up to 1,000 shares of our common stock either in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The stock repurchase program terminates at the earlier of the expiration of the program on July 29, 2011, when all 1,000 shares have been repurchased or when the Board of Directors terminates the program. We intend to use cash on hand to fund any stock repurchases under the program. As of March 31, 2011, 638 shares of our common stock remain available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.

 

 

 

 

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

 

Overview

 

We are a global designer and manufacturer of custom-engineered ejectors, vacuum systems, condensers, liquid ring pump packages and heat exchangers to the refining and petrochemical industries, and a supplier of components and raw materials to the nuclear power generating market. Our equipment is used in critical applications in the petrochemical, oil refining and electric power generation industries, including nuclear, cogeneration and geothermal plants. Our equipment can also be found in alternative energy applications, including ethanol, biodiesel and coal and gas-to-liquids and other applications, and other diverse applications, such as metal refining, pulp and paper processing, shipbuilding, water heating, refrigeration, desalination, soap manufacturing, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and heating, ventilating and air conditioning.

 

Our corporate offices are located in Batavia, New York and we have production facilities in both Batavia, New York and at our wholly-owned subsidiary, Energy Steel, located in Lapeer, Michigan. We also have a wholly-owned foreign subsidiary located in Suzhou, China, which supports sales orders from China and provides engineering support and supervision of subcontracted fabrication.

 

In advancement of our strategy to diversify our products and broaden our offerings to the energy industry, on December 14, 2010, we acquired Energy Steel. This transaction was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly, the results of Energy Steel were included in our consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition.

 

Highlights

 

Highlights for our fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, which we refer to as fiscal 2011, include:

 

 

Forward-Looking Statements

 

This report and other documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from any future results implied by the forward-looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the risks and uncertainties identified by us under the heading “Risk Factors” in

Item 1A and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Forward-looking statements may also include, but are not limited to, statements about:

 

 

Forward-looking statements are usually accompanied by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “may,” “intend,” “expect” and similar expressions. Actual results could differ materially from historical results or those implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this report.

 

Undue reliance should not be placed on our forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or announce any revisions to forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

Fiscal 2012 and Near-Term Market Conditions

 

The downturn in the global economy which commenced in fiscal 2008 led to reduced demand for petroleum-based products, which in turn led our customers to defer investment in major capital projects. We have seen an improved business environment over the past few quarters and believe that we are in the early stages of a business recovery. While there continues to be risks around a global economic recovery, we believe current signs are more positive than a year ago.

 

In addition, we believe that the significant increase in construction costs, including raw material costs, which had occurred over the four-to-five-year period prior to the recent downturn, also led to delays in new commitments by our customers. The increase in costs resulted in the economics of projects becoming less feasible. While some material costs have improved, copper and steel are again elevated and remain volatile.

 

Near-term demand trends that we believe are affecting our customers’ investments include:

 

 

 

We expect that the consequences of these near-term trends will be more pressure on our pricing and gross margins, as the U.S. refining market has historically provided higher margins than certain international markets.

 

Because of continued global economic uncertainty and the risk associated with growth in emerging economies, we also expect that we will have continued volatility in our order pattern. We continue to expect our new order levels to remain volatile, resulting in both strong and weak quarters. For example, sequentially the past eight quarters had new order levels of $8,838, $29,567, $51,644, $18,268, $8,124, $10,476, $17,784, and $26,838 in the first, second, third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2010 and the first, second, third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2011, respectively. For the next several quarters, we also expect to see smaller value projects than what we had seen during the last expansion cycle. This will require more orders for us to achieve a similar revenue level. We believe that looking at our order level in any one quarter does not provide an accurate indication of our future expectations or performance. Rather, we believe that looking at our orders and backlog over a rolling four-quarter time period provides a better measure of our business.

 

Mix Shift: Stronger International Growth in Refining and Chemical Processing with Domestic Growth in Nuclear Power and Navy Projects

 

We expect growth in the refining and chemical processing markets to be driven by emerging markets. We have also expanded our addressable markets through the acquisition of Energy Steel and our focus on U.S. Navy nuclear propulsion projects. We believe our revenue opportunities will be equivalent between the domestic and international markets.

 

Over the long-term, we expect our customers’ markets to regain their strength and, while remaining cyclical, continue to grow. We believe the long-term trends remain strong and that the drivers of future growth include:

 

Demand Trends

 

 

 

We believe that all of the above factors offer us long-term growth opportunity to meet our customers’ expected capital project needs. In addition, we believe we can continue to grow our less cyclical smaller product lines and aftermarket businesses.

 

Emerging markets require petroleum-based products. These markets are expected to continue to grow at rates faster than the U.S. Therefore, we expect international opportunities will be more plentiful relative to domestic projects for these markets. We believe the domestic and international markets will offer similar opportunities for us in the near term. Our domestic sales as a percentage of aggregate product sales, which had increased from 50% in fiscal 2007 to 54% in fiscal 2008 to 63% in fiscal 2009, decreased to 45% in each of fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2011. Our order rates for fiscal 2011 were 48% domestic and 52% international, compared with fiscal 2010, which were 50% domestic and 50% international.

 

Results of Operations

 

For an understanding of the significant factors that influenced our performance, the following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the periods indicated:

 

 

Fiscal 2011 Compared with Fiscal 2010

 

Sales for fiscal 2011 were $74,235, a 19% increase, as compared with sales of $62,189 for fiscal 2010. The increase was driven by our acquisition of Energy Steel and the improvement in our base markets for petroleum-based products. Energy Steel contributed $5,808, or 48% of the growth in fiscal 2011. Domestic sales increased by $5,431 in fiscal 2011, driven by our acquisition of Energy Steel. International sales accounted for 55% of all sales for fiscal 2011, the same as fiscal 2010. International sales increased by $6,615 in fiscal 2011, with increases in the Middle East and South America up $5,467 and $4,723, respectively, partly offset by slower sales in Asia, down $4,174. By market, sales for fiscal 2011 were 35% to the refining industry (down from 41% in fiscal 2010), 22% to

the chemical and petrochemical industries (down from 35%) and 43% to other industrial applications (up from 24%), including nuclear energy and the U.S. Navy.

 

Our gross margin for fiscal 2011 was 29.4% compared with 35.7% for fiscal 2010. Gross margins in fiscal 2011 were impacted by certain project wins, which occurred in late fiscal 2010 and early fiscal 2011, during a period when pricing was extremely competitive due to a small number of available opportunities. In addition, fiscal 2010 margins, especially in the first half of the year, benefitted from projects won late in the last upcycle. Gross profit for fiscal 2011 decreased $380, compared with fiscal 2010. Gross profit decreased due to a lower gross margin, which was mostly offset by higher volume. Gross profit in fiscal 2011 was adversely impacted by inventory step-up and intangible asset amortization related to the Energy Steel acquisition. These charges were $247 in fiscal 2011.

 

Selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, and other expenses for fiscal 2011 were $13,076, up 7% compared with $12,189 in fiscal 2010. The increase in SG&A was related to our acquisition of Energy Steel, which had $764 of SG&A (including $53 of intangible asset amortization costs) related to post-acquisition operating costs. There were also $676 of transaction costs related to the acquisition. SG&A, excluding Energy Steel, decreased $553, driven by lower pension and variable compensation costs. SG&A and other expenses as a percentage of sales decreased in fiscal 2011 to 17.6% of sales compared with 19.6% of sales in fiscal 2010.

 

Interest income for fiscal 2011 was $77, up from $55 in fiscal 2010. This increase was due to higher average levels of cash during fiscal 2011 compared with fiscal 2010.

 

Interest expense was $92 in fiscal 2011, up from $36 in fiscal 2010. The increase was due to an interest charge for unrecognized tax benefits.

 

Our effective tax rate in fiscal 2011 was 33% compared with an effective tax rate of 37% for fiscal 2010. The tax rate in fiscal 2011 was adversely affected by acquisition-related costs which are not tax affected. Excluding the acquisition-related tax impact, the effective tax rate in fiscal 2011 was 32%. Included in fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010 income tax expense was a charge for unrecognized tax benefits of $32 and $445, respectively, related to research and development tax credits taken in tax years 2006 through 2010. Such charge is management’s estimate of our potential exposure related to an ongoing Internal Revenue Service examination of our research and development tax credits. We continue to believe our tax position is correct and we intend to continue to vigorously defend our position. Excluding the tax charge, our effective tax rate in fiscal 2010 was 32.5%.

 

Net income for fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010 was $5,874 and $6,361, respectively. Income per diluted share was $0.59 and $0.64 for the respective periods. Excluding the transaction costs related to the Energy Steel acquisition, net income and income per diluted share was $6,407 and $0.64 in fiscal 2011.

 

Fiscal 2010 Compared with Fiscal 2009

 

Sales for fiscal 2010 were $62,189, a 38% decrease, as compared with sales of $101,111 for fiscal 2009. The decrease was due to reduced demand for petroleum-based products as a result of the economic downturn that commenced in fiscal 2008, which caused our customers to defer investment in major capital projects. This decline in sales occurred in all product lines. International sales accounted for 55% of all sales for fiscal 2010, which were up from 37% in fiscal 2009. Domestic sales decreased by $35,792 in fiscal 2010. International sales declined $3,130 in fiscal 2010, driven by sales declines in Canada, South America, the Middle East and Europe, somewhat offset by higher sales in Asia and Africa. Sales for fiscal 2010 were 41% to the refining industry (down from 46% in fiscal 2009), 35% to the chemical and petrochemical industries (up from 27%) and 24% to other industrial applications (down from 27%), including electrical power.

 

Our gross margin for fiscal 2010 was 35.7% compared with 41.3% for fiscal 2009. Gross profit for fiscal 2010 decreased 47%, or $19,481, compared with fiscal 2009. Gross profit decreased due to lower volume, which resulted in the significant under utilization of our production capacity. The lower volume and utilization declines were partly offset by improved raw material purchasing benefits, especially in the first and second quarters of fiscal 2010, and continued improvements in productivity.

 

Selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, and other expenses for fiscal 2010 were $12,189, down 21% compared with $15,384 in fiscal 2009. Included in fiscal 2009 costs was a pre-tax charge of $559 for restructuring

costs. SG&A and other expenses as a percentage of sales increased in fiscal 2010 to 19.6% of sales compared with 15.2% of sales in fiscal 2009. SG&A expenses decreased due to lower variable costs (e.g., sales commissions, compensation, headcount expenses) related to lower sales and cost controls in place throughout fiscal 2010.

 

Interest income for fiscal 2010 was $55, down from $416 in fiscal 2009. This decrease was due to lower rates of return on our investments, which are primarily short-term U.S. Treasury securities.

 

Interest expense was $36 in fiscal 2010, up from $5 in fiscal 2009. The increase was due to an interest charge of $32 for unrecognized tax benefits, as discussed below, taken in fiscal 2010.

 

Our effective tax rate in fiscal 2010 was 37% compared with an effective tax rate of 35% for fiscal 2009. The increase was due to a charge for unrecognized tax benefits of $445 related to research and development tax credits taken in tax years 2006 through 2010. Such charge is management’s estimate of our potential exposure related to an ongoing Internal Revenue Service examination of our research and development tax credits. We believe our tax position is correct and we intend to continue to vigorously defend our position. Associated with the tax charge was an interest charge of $32, as noted in the above paragraph, and a $10 tax credit, related to such interest charge. The combination of these charges and credit was a net charge to earnings of $467 ($435 in taxes and $32 in interest), which lowered our earnings per share in fiscal 2010 by $0.05 per share. Excluding the tax charge, our effective tax rate in fiscal 2010 was 32.5%. The total tax benefit related to the research and development tax credit that is under review by the IRS was $2,218 at March 31, 2010. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management determined that a portion of the deferred tax assets related to certain state investment tax credits and net operating losses will not be realized and a valuation allowance of $332 was recorded resulting in an increase in the effective tax rate.

 

Net income for fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009 was $6,361 and $17,467, respectively. Income per diluted share was $0.64 and $1.71 for the respective periods.

 

Stockholders’ Equity

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity that can be found in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following table shows the balance of stockholders’ equity on the dates indicated:

 

 

Fiscal 2011 Compared with Fiscal 2010

 

Stockholders’ equity increased $4,581 or 7%, at March 31, 2011 compared with March 31, 2010. This increase was primarily due to net income earned in fiscal 2011. We repurchased 59 shares in fiscal 2011. A total of 362 shares have been repurchased, pursuant to our publicly announced stock repurchase program. At March 31, 2011 and May 27, 2011, the number of shares remaining that have been approved for repurchase under the stock repurchase program is 638.

 

On March 31, 2010, our net book value was $7.47 up 7% over March 31, 2010.

 

Fiscal 2010 Compared with Fiscal 2009

 

Stockholders’ equity increased $7,963 or 13%, at March 31, 2010 compared with March 31, 2009. This increase was primarily due to net income and an increase in the value of pension assets. Dividends paid in fiscal 2010 increased 5%, to $788, due to a dividend increase which occurred in early fiscal 2009. We repurchased 26 shares in fiscal 2010, pursuant to our publicly announced stock repurchase program.

 

On March 31, 2010, our net book value was $7.01 up 13% over March 31, 2009.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated statements of cash flows and consolidated balance sheets appearing in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

 

 

 

 

We use the ratios described above to measure our liquidity and overall financial strength.

 

As of March 31, 2011, our contractual and commercial obligations for the next five fiscal years ending March 31 and thereafter were as follows:

 

 

 

 

Net cash used by operating activities for fiscal 2011 was $10,369, compared with net cash provided of $30,270 for fiscal 2010. The largest changes, compared with fiscal 2010, were an increase in unbilled revenue of $10,672 (compared with a decrease of $7,407 in fiscal 2010) and a decrease in customer deposits of $9,498 (compared with an increase of $16,130 in fiscal 2010). The increase in unbilled revenue was driven by timing of billings for a small number of projects, while the customer deposits decrease was the reversal of a large portion of the fiscal 2010 increase, which, in fiscal 2010, resulted from major customers providing upfront negotiated cash payments to assist in lowering the cost for us to complete their projects. We expect the unbilled revenue to convert to accounts receivable and then to cash in the first and second quarters of fiscal 2012. The customer deposits will likely continue to decrease throughout fiscal 2012, as the large payments received in fiscal 2010 are used as planned to procure raw materials to fulfill orders.

 

The main contributors to cash generation, which partly offset the cash uses noted above, were net income, $5,874 and depreciation and amortization, $1,941. Net working capital (accounts receivable, inventory and accounts payable) contributed $1,111.

Capital spending in fiscal 2011 was $1,979, up from $1,003 in fiscal 2010, driven by an equipment investment to support the Northrop Grumman order for the U.S. Navy. We used $874 to purchase 59 shares of stock as part of our stock buyback program in fiscal 2011, compared with $229 in fiscal 2010. In addition, we paid $790 in dividends in fiscal 2011, up from $788 in fiscal 2010.

 

Cash and investments were $43,083 on March 31, 2011 compared with $74,590 on March 31, 2010, down 42%. The largest components of cash usage were the purchase of Energy Steel for $17,899, the items noted above, an unbilled revenue increase of $10,672, and a decrease in customer deposits of $9,498.

 

We invest net cash generated from operations in excess of cash held for near-term needs in either a money market account or in U.S. government instruments, generally with maturity periods of up to 180 days. Our money market account is used to securitize our outstanding letter of credits and allows us to pay a lower cost on those letters of credit.

 

Capital expenditures in fiscal 2011 were 75% for plant machinery and equipment and 25% for all other items. In excess of 40% of our fiscal 2011 capital expenditures were related to the Northrop Grumman project for the U.S. Navy won in fiscal 2010. Sixty-five percent of our capital spending was for productivity improvements and the balance was primarily for capitalized maintenance. Capital expenditures for fiscal 2012 are expected to be approximately $3,000 to $3,500. Over 85% of our fiscal 2012 capital expenditures are expected to be for machinery and equipment, with the remaining amounts to be used for information technology and other items.

 

Our revolving credit facility with Bank of America, N.A. provides us with a line of credit of $25,000, including letters of credit and bank guarantees. In addition, the agreement allows us to increase the line of credit, at our discretion, up to another $25,000, for total availability of $50,000. Borrowings under our credit facility are secured by all of our assets. Letters of credit outstanding under our credit facility on March 31, 2011 and 2010 were $13,751 and $9,584, respectively. There were no other amounts outstanding on our credit facility at March 31, 2011 and 2010. Our borrowing rate as of March 31, 2010 was Bank of America’s prime rate, or 3.25%. Availability under the line of credit was $11,249 at March 31, 2011. We believe that cash generated from operations, combined with our investments and available financing capacity under our credit facility, will be adequate to meet our cash needs for the immediate future.

 

Orders and Backlog

 

Orders during fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010 were $63,222 and $108,317, respectively, representing a 42% decrease for fiscal 2011. Orders represent communications received from customers requesting us to supply products and services. Revenue is recognized on orders received in accordance with our revenue recognition policy included in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements contained in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Domestic orders were 48%, or $30,233, of our total orders and international orders were 52%, or $32,989, of our total orders in fiscal 2011. Domestic orders decreased by $24,040, or 44%, primarily due to a larger order in fiscal 2010 (in excess of $25,000) from Northrop Grumman to provide surface condensers for the U.S. Navy. This was partly offset by the $6,104 of orders received from Energy Steel in fiscal 2011. International orders decreased by $21,055, or 39%, as strong orders for refining in the Middle East did not repeat in fiscal 2011. Middle East orders were down $21,134, or 85%, compared with fiscal 2010. Orders from other international regions were flat as weakness in China was offset by increases in the rest of Asia, as well as Canada.

 

Backlog was $91,096 at March 31, 2011 compared with a record $94,255 at March 31, 2010, a 3% decrease. Backlog is defined by us as the total dollar value of orders received for which revenue has not yet been recognized. All orders in backlog represent orders from our traditional markets in established product lines. Approximately 15% to 20% of orders currently in backlog are not expected to be converted to sales within the next twelve months. At March 31, 2011, approximately 34% of our backlog was attributed to equipment for refinery project work, 11% for chemical and petrochemical projects, and 55% for other industrial or commercial applications (including the Northrop Grumman order for the U.S. Navy and all Energy Steel orders). At March 31, 2010, approximately 37% of our backlog was for refinery project work, 15% for chemical and petrochemical projects, and 48% for other industrial or commercial applications.

In fiscal 2011, one order for $1,588, which had been placed on hold by our customer in fiscal 2009, was cancelled. All other orders which were previously on hold by our customers have now been released; the last order on hold for $1,130 was released subsequent to the end of the year.

 

Outlook

 

We believe that we are in the early stages of a recovery in the refinery and petrochemical markets. We also believe the improved strength of the alternative energy markets, including the nuclear market, will continue into fiscal 2012. We experienced significant organic order growth in the second half of fiscal 2011, supplemented by our acquisition of Energy Steel. We believe that, with our current backlog of $91,096, improved order levels in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2011 and strong pipeline, our recovery will continue into fiscal 2012. We expect revenue to increase 30% to 40%, to $95 to $105 million, in fiscal 2012. Approximately, 16% to 20% of our revenue is expected to come from Energy Steel. In fiscal 2011, Energy Steel contributed 8% of our revenue, as we completed our acquisition late in the third quarter of fiscal 2011. For the fourth quarter of fiscal 2011, Energy Steel contributed 19.7% of our revenue. Our backlog on March 31, 2011 was $91,096. Order levels in the second half of fiscal 2011 were $44,622, compared with $18,600 in the first half of fiscal 2011. Included in the second half figures was $6,104 of orders from Energy Steel. We expect fiscal 2012 order levels to continue to be variable across the year, though we are optimistic that orders will be more similar to the second half of fiscal 2011 than the first half of the year. We continue to expect a stronger international market, with pockets of strength in the U.S., especially in alternative energy, including nuclear business.

 

Normally, we convert 85% to 90% of our existing backlog to sales within a 12-month period. However, the Northrop Grumman for the U.S. Navy project currently in our backlog will convert to revenue over the next three fiscal years, with the majority of the revenue occurring in fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2013. Therefore, our March 31, 2011 backlog will extend beyond our historical level. We expect to convert approximately 80% to 85% of our March 31, 2011 backlog to sales in fiscal 2012.

 

For fiscal 2012, we expect sales to be less variable by quarter than in fiscal 2011. In fiscal 2011, fourth quarter sales were nearly double the level of sales in the first quarter. Our expected growth range for fiscal 2012 assumes conversion of backlog as well as continued market improvement and investment by our customers. The upper end of the range, and above, may be achieved by acceleration of projects by refining and petrochemical and alternative energy end users, our historical customer base. In addition, increased focus on safety and redundancy projects at U.S. nuclear facilities may drive near term opportunities at Energy Steel. We do, however, anticipate more revenue concentration in fiscal 2012 than in prior years. Two orders, the U.S. Navy project and a Middle East refinery project, are expected to account for approximately 25% of fiscal 2012 revenue. Any unexpected delay in either of these projects could impact fiscal 2012 revenue and earnings.

 

We expect gross profit margin in fiscal 2012 to be in the 29% to 32% range. This margin level represents an increase from fiscal 2011, which included some lower margin projects won during the depths of the downturn in our markets. While we still have a few lower margin projects in our backlog, the overall margin within our backlog has improved compared with the start of fiscal 2011. We expect that the current shift of business in the refining and petrochemical market toward international markets, where margins are generally lower than domestic project margins will have the effect of reducing our margins. In addition, at the start of a recovery we have historically experienced margins that are somewhat muted compared to later on in a recovery.

 

Gross profit margins are expected to improve with anticipated volume increases throughout fiscal 2012 and beyond. Due to changes in geographical markets and end use markets, we expect gross margins are unlikely to reach the 40% range achieved in the prior up cycle. We believe long term upcycle gross profit margin percentage in the mid-to-upper 30’s is a more realistic expectation. We also expect this recovery will continue to be more focused on emerging markets, which historically have lower margins and more competitive pricing than developed markets.

 

We believe achievement of the upper end of our margin projections, and potential upside above the range, can occur if we experience: (i) increased volume that increases utilization of capacity; (ii) continued improvements in our manufacturing productivity; and/or (iii) expanded margin opportunities at Energy Steel.

SG&A spending is expected to increase during fiscal 2012 to between $16,500 and $17,500. This includes the full year impact of Energy Steel (compared with 31/2 months in fiscal 2011). In addition to Energy Steel, we continue to invest in personnel as we prepare for increased opportunities in fiscal 2012 and beyond. Our effective tax rate during fiscal 2012 is expected to be between 33% and 35%.

 

Cash flow in fiscal 2012 is expected to be positive, driven by improved net income and despite the significant increase in revenue, the minimal need for additional working capital. We also expect to see reductions in unbilled revenue, partly offset by the drawdown of customer deposits which have been high since the fourth quarter of fiscal 2010.

 

Contingencies and Commitments

 

We have been named as a defendant in certain lawsuits alleging personal injury from exposure to asbestos contained in our products. We are a co-defendant with numerous other defendants in these lawsuits and intend to vigorously defend against these claims. The claims are similar to previous asbestos lawsuits that named us as a defendant. Such previous lawsuits either were dismissed when it was shown that we had not supplied products to the plaintiffs’ places of work or were settled by us for amounts below expected defense costs. Neither the outcome of these lawsuits nor the potential for liability can be determined at this time.

 

From time to time in the ordinary course of business, we are subject to legal proceedings and potential claims. As of March 31, 2011, other than noted above, we were unaware of any other material litigation matters.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon the consolidated financial statements and the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.

 

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that reflect significant judgments and uncertainties, and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions.

 

Revenue Recognition.  We recognize revenue on all contracts with a planned manufacturing process in excess of four weeks (which approximates 575 direct labor hours) using the percentage-of-completion method. The percentage-of-completion method is determined by comparing actual labor incurred as of a specific date to our estimate of the total labor to be incurred on each contract. Contracts in progress are reviewed monthly, and sales and earnings are adjusted in current accounting periods based on revisions in the contract value and estimated material and labor costs at completion. Losses on contracts are recognized immediately, when evident to management.

 

Revenue on contracts not accounted for using the percentage-of-completion method is recognized utilizing the completed contract method. The majority of the contracts we enter into have a planned manufacturing process of less than four weeks and the results reported under this method do not vary materially from the percentage-of-completion method. We recognize revenue and all related costs on the completed contract method upon substantial completion or shipment of products to the customer. Substantial completion is consistently defined as at least 95% complete with regard to direct labor hours. Customer acceptance is required throughout the construction process and we have no further material obligations under the contracts after the revenue is recognized.

 

Business Combinations and Intangible Assets.  Assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination are recorded at their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based upon detailed valuations that use various assumptions made by management. Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price exceeds the estimated fair value of the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. Definite lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives and are assessed for impairment if certain indicators are present. Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are not amortized but are subject to impairment testing annually or earlier if an event or change in circumstances indicates that the fair value of a reporting unit may have been reduced below its carrying value.

Pension and Postretirement Benefits.  Defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit costs and obligations are dependent on actuarial assumptions used in calculating such amounts. These assumptions are reviewed annually and include the discount rate, long-term expected rate of return on plan assets, salary growth, healthcare cost trend rate and other economic and demographic factors. We base the discount rate assumption for our plans on Moody’s or Citigroup Pension Liability Index AA-rated corporate long-term bond yield rate. The long-term expected rate of return on plan assets is based on the plan’s asset allocation, historical returns and expectations as to future returns that are expected to be realized over the estimated remaining life of the plan liabilities that will be funded with the plan assets. The salary growth assumptions are determined based on long-term actual experience and future and near-term outlook. The healthcare cost trend rate assumptions are based on historical cost and payment data, the near-term outlook, and an assessment of likely long-term trends.

 

Income Taxes.  We use the liability method to account for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of liabilities and assets measured using the enacted tax rate.

 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using current tax rates. We evaluate available information about future taxable income and other possible sources of realization of deferred income tax assets and record valuation allowances to reduce deferred income tax assets to an amount that represents our best estimates of the amounts of such deferred income tax assets that more likely than not will be realized.

 

The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. Significant judgment is required in evaluating our tax positions and determining our provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. We establish reserves for uncertain tax positions when we believe that certain tax positions do not meet the more likely than not threshold. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the outcome of a tax audit or the lapse of the statute of limitations. The provision for income taxes includes the impact of reserve provisions and changes to the reserves that are considered appropriate.

 

The Company is currently under examination by the United States Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) for tax years 2009 and 2010. The IRS has completed its examination for tax years 2006 through 2008. In June 2010, the IRS proposed an adjustment, plus interest, to disallow substantially all of the research and development tax credit claimed by the Company in tax years 2006 through 2008. The Company filed a protest to appeal the adjustment in July 2010. A liability for unrecognized tax benefits related to this tax position was recorded at March 31, 2011 and 2010.

 

Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments

 

We have evaluated the accounting policies used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements and the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and believe those policies to be reasonable and appropriate.

 

We believe that the most critical accounting estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements relate to labor hour estimates used to recognize revenue under the percentage-of-completion method, fair value estimates of identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired in business combinations, accounting for contingencies, under which we accrue a loss when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated, and accounting for pensions and other postretirement benefits.

 

As discussed above under the heading “Critical Accounting Policies,” we recognize a substantial amount of our revenue using the percentage-of-completion method. The key estimate of percentage-of-completion accounting is total labor to be incurred on each contract and to the extent that this estimate changes, it may significantly impact revenue recognized in each period.

 

We base the fair value of identifiable tangible and intangible assets on detailed valuations that use information and assumptions provided by management. The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are determined using one of three valuation approaches: market, income or cost. The selection of a particular method

for a given asset depends on the reliability of available data and the nature of the asset. The market approach values the asset based on available market pricing for comparable assets. The income approach values the asset based on the present value of cash flows projected to be generated by that asset. The projected cash flows are discounted at a required rate of return that reflects the relative risk of the transaction and the time value of money. The projected cash flows for each asset considers multiple factors, including current revenue from existing customers, the high cost barrier to entry of markets, and expected profit margins giving consideration to historical and expected margins. The cost approach values the asset by determining the current cost of replacing that asset with another of equivalent economic utility. The cost to replace the asset reflects the replacement cost, less an allowance for loss in value due to deprecation or obsolescence, with specific consideration given to economic obsolescence if indicated.

 

Contingencies, by their nature, relate to uncertainties that require us to exercise judgment both in assessing the likelihood that a liability has been incurred as well as in estimating the amount of potential loss. For more information on these matters see the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Accounting for pensions and other postretirement benefits involves estimating the cost of benefits to be provided well into the future and attributing that cost over the time period each employee works. To accomplish this, extensive use is made of assumptions about inflation, investment returns, mortality, turnover, medical costs and discount rates. These assumptions are reviewed annually.

 

The discount rate used in accounting for pensions and other postretirement benefits is determined in conjunction with our actuary by reference to a current yield curve and by considering the timing and amount of projected future benefit payments. The discount rate assumption for fiscal 2011 is 6.07% for our defined benefit pension and 5.15% for our other postretirement benefit plan. A reduction in the discount rate of 50 basis points, with all other assumptions held constant, would have increased fiscal 2011 net periodic benefit expense for our defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plan by approximately $182 and $0, respectively.

 

The expected return on plan assets assumption of 8.5% used in accounting for our pension plan is determined by evaluating the mix of investments that comprise plan assets and external forecasts of future long-term investment returns. A reduction in the rate of return of 50 basis points, with other assumptions held constant, would have increased fiscal 2011 net periodic pension expense by approximately $147.

 

As part of our ongoing financial reporting process, a collaborative effort is undertaken involving our managers with functional responsibilities for financial, credit, tax, engineering, manufacturing and benefit matters, and outside advisors such as lawyers, consultants and actuaries. We believe that the results of this effort provide management with the necessary information on which to base their judgments and to develop the estimates and assumptions used to prepare the financial statements.

 

We believe that the amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K related to revenue, contingencies, pensions, other post retirement benefits and other matters requiring the use of estimates and judgments are reasonable, although actual outcomes could differ materially from our estimates.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In the normal course of business, management evaluates all new accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC, the Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants or other authoritative accounting bodies to determine the potential impact they may have on our consolidated financial statements. Based upon this review, management does not expect any of the recently issued accounting pronouncements, which have not already been adopted, to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We did not have any off balance sheet arrangements as of March 31, 2011 or March 31, 2010, other than operating leases and letters of credit.

 

The principal market risks (i.e., the risk of loss arising from market changes) to which we are exposed are foreign currency exchange rates, price risk and project cancellation risk.

 

The assumptions applied in preparing the following qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding foreign currency exchange rate, price risk and project cancellation risk are based upon volatility ranges experienced by us in relevant historical periods, our current knowledge of the marketplace, and our judgment of the probability of future volatility based upon the historical trends and economic conditions of the markets in which we operate.

 

Foreign Currency

 

International consolidated sales for fiscal 2011 were 55% of total sales, the same as for fiscal 2010. Operating in markets throughout the world exposes us to movements in currency exchange rates. Currency movements can affect sales in several ways, the foremost being our ability to compete for orders against foreign competitors that base their prices on relatively weaker currencies. Business lost due to competition for orders against competitors using a relatively weaker currency cannot be quantified. In addition, cash can be adversely impacted by the conversion of sales made by us in a foreign currency to U.S. dollars. In each of fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010, and fiscal 2009, all sales for which we or our subsidiaries were paid were denominated in the local currency (U.S. dollars or RMB). At certain times, we may enter into forward foreign currency exchange agreements to hedge our exposure against potential unfavorable changes in foreign currency values on significant sales contracts negotiated in foreign currencies.

 

We have limited exposure to foreign currency purchases. In fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, our purchases in foreign currencies represented 1%, 1% and 2%, respectively, of the cost of products sold. At certain times, we may utilize forward foreign currency exchange contracts to limit currency exposure. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts were not used in fiscal 2011 or fiscal 2010, and as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, we held no forward foreign currency contracts.

 

Price Risk

 

Operating in a global marketplace requires us to compete with other global manufacturers which, in some instances, benefit from lower production costs and more favorable economic conditions. Although we believe that our customers differentiate our products on the basis of our manufacturing quality and engineering experience and excellence, among other things, such lower production costs and more favorable economic conditions mean that certain of our competitors are able to offer products similar to ours at lower prices. Moreover, the cost of metals and other materials used in our products have experienced significant volatility. Such factors, in addition to the global effects of the recent volatility and disruption of the capital and credit markets, have resulted in downward demand and pricing pressure on our products.

 

Project Cancellation and Project Continuation Risk

 

Economic conditions over the past few years have led to a higher likelihood of project cancellation by our customers. We had one project for $1,588 cancelled in the first quarter of fiscal 2011. We also had one project for $519 cancelled in fiscal 2010. Our last project on hold, in the amount of $1,130, was released in April 2011. Currently, we have no projects on hold. We attempt to mitigate the risk of cancellation by structuring contracts with our customers to maximize the likelihood that progress payments made to us for individual projects cover the costs we have incurred. As a result, we do not believe we have a significant cash exposure to projects which may be cancelled.

 

Open orders are reviewed continuously through communications with customers. If it becomes evident to us that a project is delayed well beyond its original shipment date, management will move the project into “placed on hold” (i.e., suspended) category. Furthermore, if a project is cancelled by our customer, it is removed from our backlog.

 

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

 

Note 1 — The Company and Its Accounting Policies:

 

Graham Corporation (the “Company”), and its operating subsidiaries, is a global designer, manufacturer and supplier of vacuum and heat transfer equipment used in the chemical, petrochemical, petroleum refining, and electric power generating industries. The Company acquired Energy Steel and Supply Company (“Energy Steel”) in December 2010. Energy Steel is a nuclear code accredited fabrication and specialty machining company which provides products to the nuclear industry. The Company’s significant accounting policies are set forth below.

 

The Company’s fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 are referred to as fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, respectively.

 

Principles of consolidation and use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Energy Steel and Supply Company, located in Lapeer, Michigan, and Graham Vacuum and Heat Transfer Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., located in China. All intercompany balances, transactions and profits are eliminated in consolidation.

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the related revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts could differ from those estimated.

 

Translation of foreign currencies

 

Assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiary are translated into U.S. dollars at currency exchange rates in effect at year-end and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates in effect for the year. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in results of operations. The Company’s sales and purchases in foreign currencies are minimal. Therefore, foreign currency transaction gains and losses are not significant. Gains and losses resulting from translation of foreign subsidiary balance sheets are included in a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Translation adjustments are not adjusted for income taxes since they relate to an investment, which is permanent in nature.

 

Revenue recognition

 

Percentage-of-Completion Method

 

The Company recognizes revenue on all contracts with a planned manufacturing process in excess of four weeks (which approximates 575 direct labor hours) using the percentage-of-completion method. The majority of the Company’s revenue is recognized under this methodology. The Company has established the systems and procedures essential to developing the estimates required to account for contracts using the percentage-of-completion method. The percentage-of-completion method is determined by comparing actual labor incurred to a specific date to management’s estimate of the total labor to be incurred on each contract.

 

Contracts in progress are reviewed monthly, and sales and earnings are adjusted in current accounting periods based on revisions in the contract value and estimated costs at completion. Losses on contracts are recognized immediately when evident to management. Revenue recognized on contracts accounted for utilizing percentage-of-completion are presented in net sales in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and unbilled revenue in the Consolidated Balance Sheets to the extent that the revenue recognized exceeds the amounts billed to customers. See “Inventories” below.

 

Completed Contract Method

 

Revenue on contracts not accounted for using the percentage-of-completion method is recognized utilizing the completed contract method. The majority of the Company’s contracts have a planned manufacturing process of less than four weeks and the results reported under this method do not vary materially from the percentage-of-completion method. The Company recognizes revenue and all related costs on these contracts upon substantial completion or shipment to the customer. Substantial completion is consistently defined as at least 95% complete with regard to direct labor hours. Customer acceptance is generally required throughout the construction process and the Company has no further obligations under the contract after the revenue is recognized.

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly liquid, short-term investments with maturities at the time of purchase of three months or less.

 

Shipping and handling fees and costs

 

Shipping and handling fees billed to the customer are recorded in net sales and the related costs incurred for shipping and handling are included in cost of products sold.

 

Investments

 

Investments consist of fixed-income debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury with original maturities of greater than three months and less than one year. All investments are classified as held-to-maturity, as the Company believes it has the intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. The investments are stated at amortized cost which approximates fair value. All investments held by the Company at March 31, 2011 are scheduled to mature between April 7 and July 28, 2011.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, using the average cost method. For contracts accounted for on the completed contract method, progress payments received are netted against inventory to the extent the payment is less than the inventory balance relating to the applicable contract. Progress payments that are in excess of the corresponding inventory balance are presented as customer deposits in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unbilled revenue in the Consolidated Balance Sheets represents revenue recognized that has not been billed to customers on contracts accounted for on the percentage-of-completion method. For contracts accounted for on the percentage-of-completion method, progress payments are netted against unbilled revenue to the extent the payment is less than the unbilled revenue for the applicable contract. Progress payments exceeding unbilled revenue are netted against inventory to the extent the payment is less than or equal to the inventory balance relating to the applicable contract, and the excess is presented as customer deposits in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

 

A summary of costs and estimated earnings on contracts in progress at March 31, 2011 and 2010 is as follows:

 

 

The above activity is included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets under the following captions at March 31, 2011 and 2010 or Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements:

 

 

Property, plant, equipment and depreciation

 

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Major additions and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation and amortization are provided based upon the estimated useful lives, or lease term if shorter, under the straight line method. Estimated useful lives range from approximately five to eight years for office equipment, eight to twenty-five years for manufacturing equipment and forty years for buildings and improvements. Upon sale or retirement of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in the results of operations.

 

Business combinations

 

The Company records its business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the Company allocates the purchase price of each acquisition to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based upon detailed valuations that use various assumptions made by management. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is allocated to goodwill. Direct acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred.

 

Intangible assets

 

Acquired intangible assets other than goodwill consist of permits, customer relationships, tradenames and backlog. The Company amortizes its definite-lived intangible assets on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Estimated useful lives are six months for backlog and fifteen years for customer relationships. All other intangibles have indefinite lives and are not amortized.

 

Impairment of long-lived assets

 

The Company assesses the impairment of definite-lived long-lived assets or asset groups when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors that are considered in deciding when to perform an impairment review include: a significant decrease in the market price of the asset or asset group; a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which a long-lived asset or asset group is being used or in its physical condition; an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction; a current-period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset or asset group; or a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset or asset group will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life. The term more likely than not refers to a level of likelihood that is more than 50 percent.

 

Recoverability potential is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset or asset group to its related total future undiscounted cash flows. If the carrying value is not recoverable through related cash flows, the asset or asset group is considered to be impaired. Impairment is measured by comparing the asset or asset group’s carrying amount to its fair value. When it is determined that useful lives of assets are shorter than originally estimated, and no impairment is present, the rate of depreciation is accelerated in order to fully depreciate the assets over their new shorter useful lives.