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EX-10.33 - EQUINIX, INC. 2011 INCENTIVE PLAN - EQUINIX INCdex1033.htm
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Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

 

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2011

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number 000-31293

 

 

EQUINIX, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   77-0487526
(State of incorporation)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

One Lagoon Drive, Fourth Floor, Redwood City, California 94065

(Address of principal executive offices, including ZIP code)

(650) 598-6000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports)     Yes  x    No  ¨ and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer   x    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   ¨    Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock as of March 31, 2011 was 46,807,852.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

INDEX

 

    

Page

No.

 

    Part I - Financial Information

  

Item 1.

   Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited):   
   Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010      3   
   Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010      4   
   Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010      5   
   Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements      6   

Item 2.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations      24   

Item 3.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk      39   

Item 4.

   Controls and Procedures      40   

    Part II - Other Information

  

Item 1.

   Legal Proceedings      40   

Item 1A.

   Risk Factors      42   

Item 2.

   Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds      58   

Item 3.

   Defaults Upon Senior Securities      58   

Item 4.

   [Removed and Reserved]      58   

Item 5.

   Other Information      58   

Item 6.

   Exhibits      59   

Signatures

     64   

Index to Exhibits

     65   

 

2


Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

EQUINIX, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands)

 

     March 31,
2011
    December 31,
2010
 
     (unaudited)  
Assets     

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 304,466      $ 442,841   

Short-term investments

     150,040        147,192   

Accounts receivable, net

     114,207        116,358   

Other current assets

     126,277        71,657   
                

Total current assets

     694,990        778,048   

Long-term investments

     2,145        2,806   

Property, plant and equipment, net

     2,881,126        2,650,953   

Goodwill

     789,876        774,365   

Intangible assets, net

     148,874        150,945   

Other assets

     135,502        90,892   
                

Total assets

   $ 4,652,513      $ 4,448,009   
                
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity     

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   $ 133,536      $ 145,854   

Accrued property, plant and equipment

     125,579        91,667   

Current portion of capital lease and other financing obligations

     8,381        7,988   

Current portion of loans payable

     20,204        19,978   

Other current liabilities

     55,574        52,628   
                

Total current liabilities

     343,274        318,115   

Capital lease and other financing obligations, less current portion

     296,913        253,945   

Loans payable, less current portion

     126,617        100,337   

Convertible debt

     922,325        916,337   

Senior notes

     750,000        750,000   

Other liabilities

     225,987        228,760   
                

Total liabilities

     2,665,116        2,567,494   
                

Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)

    

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Common stock

     47        46   

Additional paid-in capital

     2,372,660        2,341,586   

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (61,356     (112,018

Accumulated deficit

     (323,954     (349,099
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     1,987,397        1,880,515   
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 4,652,513      $ 4,448,009   
                

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

3


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011     2010  
     (Unaudited)  

Revenues

   $ 363,029      $ 248,649   
                

Costs and operating expenses:

    

Cost of revenues

     194,576        133,050   

Sales and marketing

     33,636        19,468   

General and administrative

     62,601        43,155   

Restructuring charges

     496        —     

Acquisition costs

     415        4,994   
                

Total costs and operating expenses

     291,724        200,667   
                

Income from operations

     71,305        47,982   

Interest income

     215        506   

Interest expense

     (37,361     (25,675

Other-than-temporary impairment recovery on investments

     —          3,420   

Loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net

     —          (3,377

Other income

     2,111        20   
                

Income before income taxes

     36,270        22,876   

Income tax expense

     (11,125     (8,677
                

Net income

   $ 25,145      $ 14,199   
                

Earnings per share:

    

Basic earnings per share

   $ 0.54      $ 0.36   
                

Weighted-average shares

     46,451        39,562   
                

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 0.53      $ 0.35   
                

Weighted-average shares

     47,219        40,791   
                

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

4


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011     2010  
     (unaudited)  

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net income

   $ 25,145      $ 14,199   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation

     74,062        47,301   

Stock-based compensation

     15,535        14,974   

Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discounts

     7,284        5,554   

Amortization of intangible assets

     4,273        1,388   

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     1,204        290   

Accretion of asset retirement obligation and accrued restructuring charges

     1,125        568   

Loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net

     —          3,377   

Other items

     920        209   

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts receivable

     3,099        (6,086

Other assets

     (4,279     4,455   

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

     (13,606     15,886   

Other liabilities

     3,008        (2,303
                

Net cash provided by operating activities

     117,770        99,812   
                

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Purchases of investments

     (149,963     (89,984

Sales of investments

     75,583        1,509   

Maturities of investments

     72,195        200,760   

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

     (175,115     (143,400

Purchase of Paris 4 IBX property

     (14,951     —     

Increase in restricted cash

     (94,773     (686

Release of restricted cash

     630        244   

Other investing activities

     5        —     
                

Net cash used in investing activities

     (286,389     (31,557
                

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Proceeds from employee equity awards

     15,668        10,883   

Proceeds from senior notes

     —          750,000   

Proceeds from loans payable

     22,653        —     

Repayment of capital lease and other financing obligations

     (1,968     (1,554

Repayment of mortgage and loans payable

     (10,102     (114,340

Debt issuance costs

     (125     (15,193
                

Net cash provided by financing activities

     26,126        629,796   
                

Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

     4,118        (4,805
                

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     (138,375     693,246   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     442,841        346,056   
                

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 304,466      $ 1,039,302   
                

Supplemental cash flow information:

    

Cash paid for taxes

   $ 174      $ 578   
                

Cash paid for interest

   $ 36,737      $ 8,288   
                

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

5


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Equinix, Inc. (“Equinix” or the “Company”) and reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which in the opinion of management are necessary to fairly state the financial position and the results of operations for the interim periods presented. The condensed consolidated balance sheet data at December 31, 2010 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements at that date. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), but omit certain information and footnote disclosure necessary to present the statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Equinix’s Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on February 25, 2011. Results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire fiscal year.

Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Equinix and its subsidiaries, including the operations of Switch & Data Facilities Company, Inc. from April 30, 2010. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the consolidated financial statement presentation as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rates were 30.7% and 37.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

In February and March 2011, the Compensation Committee and the Stock Award Committee of the Board of Directors approved the issuance of an aggregate of 706,270 shares of restricted stock units to certain employees, including executive officers, pursuant to the 2000 Equity Incentive Plan as part of the Company’s annual refresh program. These equity awards are subject to vesting provisions and had a total fair value as of the dates of grant of $60,485,000, which is expected to be amortized over a weighted-average period of 3.2 years.

The following table presents, by operating expense category, the Company’s stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011      2010  

Cost of revenues

   $ 1,345       $ 1,594   

Sales and marketing

     2,866         2,931   

General and administrative

     11,324         10,449   
                 
   $ 15,535       $ 14,974   
                 

 

6


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In October 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standards update (“ASU”), which addresses the accounting for multiple-deliverable arrangements to enable vendors to account for products or services (deliverables) separately rather than as a combined unit. This ASU is effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified beginning in fiscal years on or after June 15, 2010. The Company adopted this ASU during the three months ended March 31, 2011. The adoption of this ASU did not have any material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2010, the FASB issued an ASU, which amends the use of fair value measures and the related disclosures. This ASU requires disclosure of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements on a gross basis, which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The Company adopted this ASU during the three months ended March 31, 2010 with respect to the new disclosures for transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements, and its adoption did not have any significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company adopted this ASU during the three months ended March 31, 2011 with respect to the disclosure of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements on a gross basis, and its adoption of this ASU did not have any material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

2. Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011      2010  

Net income

   $ 25,145       $ 14,199   
                 

Weighted-average shares used to compute basic earnings per share

     46,451         39,562   
                 

Effect of dilutive securities:

     

Employee equity awards

     768         1,229   
                 

Weighted-average shares used to compute diluted earnings per share

     47,219         40,791   
                 

Earnings per share:

     

Basic

   $ 0.54       $ 0.36   
                 

Diluted

   $ 0.53       $ 0.35   
                 

The following table sets forth weighted-average outstanding potential shares of common stock that are not included in the diluted earnings per share calculation above because to do so would be anti-dilutive for the periods indicated (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March  31,
 
     2011      2010  

Shares reserved for conversion of 2.50% convertible subordinated notes

     2,232         2,232   

Shares reserved for conversion of 3.00% convertible subordinated notes

     2,945         2,945   

Shares reserved for conversion of 4.75% convertible subordinated notes

     4,433         4,433   

Common stock related to employee equity awards

     1,064         661   
                 
     10,674         10,271   
                 

 

7


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

3. Balance Sheet Components

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term and Long-Term Investments

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments consisted of the following as of (in thousands):

 

     March 31, 2011  
     Amortized
Cost
    Gross
Unrealized
Gains
    Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Fair Value  

U.S. government and agency obligations

   $ 246,972      $ 8      $ (2   $ 246,978   

Cash and money markets

     207,471        —          —          207,471   

Corporate bonds

     428        7        —          435   

Asset-backed securities

     1,679        88        —          1,767   
                                

Total cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities

     456,550        103        (2     456,651   

Less amounts classified as cash and cash equivalents

     (304,461     (5     —          (304,466
                                

Total securities classified as investments

     152,089        98        (2     152,185   

Less amounts classified as short-term investments

     (150,036     (6     2        (150,040
                                

Total long-term investments

   $ 2,053      $ 92      $ —        $ 2,145   
                                

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments consisted of the following as of (in thousands):

 

     December 31, 2010  
     Amortized
Cost
    Gross
Unrealized
Gains
    Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Fair Value  

U.S. government and agency obligations

   $ 391,945      $ 12      $ —        $ 391,957   

Cash and money markets

     195,860        —          —          195,860   

Corporate bonds

     2,632        13        —          2,645   

Asset-backed securities

     2,266        112        (1     2,377   
                                

Total cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities

     592,703        137        (1     592,839   

Less amounts classified as cash and cash equivalents

     (442,833     (8     —          (442,841
                                

Total securities classified as investments

     149,870        129        (1     149,998   

Less amounts classified as short-term investments

     (147,176     (16     —          (147,192
                                

Total long-term investments

   $ 2,694      $ 113      $ (1   $ 2,806   
                                

As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, cash equivalents included investments which were readily convertible to cash and had original maturity dates of 90 days or less. The maturities of securities classified as short-term investments were one year or less as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. The maturities of securities classified as long-term investments were greater than one year and less than three years as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

While certain marketable securities carry unrealized losses, the Company expects that it will receive both principal and interest according to the stated terms of each of the securities and that the decline in market value is primarily due to changes in the interest rate environment from the time the securities were purchased as compared to interest rates at March 31, 2011.

 

8


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses related to two available-for-sale securities with an aggregate cost basis of $56,993,000, aggregated by type of investment and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of March 31, 2011 (in thousands):

 

     Securities in a loss
position for less than 12
months
    Securities in a loss
position for 12 months
or more
 
     Fair value      Gross
unrealized
losses
    Fair value      Gross
unrealized
losses
 

U.S. government and agency obligations

   $ 56,991       $ (2   $ —         $ —     

While the Company does not believe it holds investments that are other-than-temporarily impaired and believes that the Company’s investments will mature at par as of March 31, 2011, the Company’s investments are subject to the currently adverse market conditions. If market conditions were to deteriorate, the Company could sustain other-than-temporary impairments to its investment portfolio which could result in additional realized losses being recorded in interest income, net or securities markets could become inactive which could affect the liquidity of the Company’s investments. As securities mature, the Company has reinvested the proceeds in U.S. government securities, such as Treasury bills and Treasury notes, of a short-term duration and lower yield in order to meet its capital expenditure requirements. As a result, the Company expects to recognize lower interest income in future periods.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivables, net, consisted of the following as of (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
    December 31,
2010
 

Accounts receivable

   $ 215,127      $ 210,919   

Unearned revenue

     (95,945     (90,753

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     (4,975     (3,808
                
   $ 114,207      $ 116,358   
                

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and generally do not bear interest. The Company generally invoices its customers at the end of a calendar month for services to be provided the following month. Accordingly, unearned revenue consists of pre-billing for services that have not yet been provided, but which have been billed to customers in advance in accordance with the terms of their contract.

 

9


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

Other Current Assets

Other current assets consisted of the following as of (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
     December 31,
2010
 

Restricted cash, current

   $ 60,236       $ —     

Deferred tax assets, net

     22,793         38,696   

Taxes receivable

     17,822         6,857   

Prepaid expenses

     16,125         17,810   

Other receivables

     2,420         4,779   

Foreign currency forward contract receivable

     1,069         —     

Other current assets

     5,812         3,515   
                 
   $ 126,277       $ 71,657   
                 

Restricted cash, current has increased as a result of the Paris 4 IBX Financing (see Note 8).

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following as of (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
    December 31,
2010
 

IBX plant and machinery

   $ 1,576,807      $ 1,524,559   

Leasehold improvements

     854,809        826,540   

Buildings

     452,779        395,752   

Site improvements

     308,233        307,933   

IBX equipment

     298,571        263,995   

Computer equipment and software

     120,941        114,263   

Land

     93,003        89,312   

Furniture and fixtures

     17,156        15,602   

Construction in progress

     255,954        128,535   
                
     3,978,253        3,666,491   

Less accumulated depreciation

     (1,097,127     (1,015,538
                
   $ 2,881,126      $ 2,650,953   
                

Leasehold improvements, IBX plant and machinery, computer equipment and software and buildings recorded under capital leases aggregated $118,075,000 and $117,289,000 at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. Amortization on the assets recorded under capital leases is included in depreciation expense and accumulated depreciation on such assets totaled $31,533,000 and $29,235,000 as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

 

10


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and intangible assets, net, consisted of the following as of (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
    December 31,
2010
 

Goodwill:

    

Americas

   $ 408,730      $ 408,730   

EMEA

     360,545        345,486   

Asia-Pacific

     20,601        20,149   
                
   $ 789,876      $ 774,365   
                

Intangible assets:

    

Intangible asset – customer contracts

   $ 159,343      $ 156,621   

Intangible asset – favorable leases

     18,626        18,285   

Intangible asset – others

     3,486        3,483   
                
     181,455        178,389   

Accumulated amortization

     (32,581     (27,444
                
   $ 148,874      $ 150,945   
                

The Company’s goodwill and intangible assets in EMEA (see Note 11), denominated in British pounds and Euros, goodwill in Asia-Pacific, denominated in Singapore dollars, and certain intangible assets in Americas, denominated in Canadian dollars, are subject to foreign currency fluctuations. The Company’s foreign currency translation gains and losses, including goodwill and intangibles, are a component of other comprehensive income and loss.

For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded amortization expense of $4,273,000 and $1,388,000, respectively, associated with its intangible assets. The Company’s estimated future amortization expense related to these intangibles is as follows (in thousands):

 

Year ending:

  

2011 (nine months remaining)

   $ 12,642   

2012

     16,817   

2013

     16,768   

2014

     16,510   

2015

     16,097   

2016 and thereafter

     70,040   
        

Total

   $ 148,874   
        

Other Assets

Other assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
     December 31,
2010
 

Restricted cash, non-current

   $ 38,467       $ 4,309   

Debt issuance costs, net

     32,418         34,066   

Deposits

     31,656         24,604   

Deferred tax assets, net

     17,653         16,955   

Prepaid expenses, non-current

     10,211         9,597   

Other assets, non-current

     5,097         1,361   
                 
   $ 135,502       $ 90,892   
                 

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

Restricted cash, non-current has increased primarily as a result of the Paris 4 IBX Financing (see Note 8).

Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
     December 31,
2010
 

Accounts payable

   $ 17,216       $ 12,585   

Accrued compensation and benefits

     35,937         53,259   

Accrued taxes

     21,708         15,707   

Accrued interest

     19,335         25,456   

Accrued utilities and security

     17,795         18,346   

Accrued professional fees

     4,233         3,786   

Accrued repairs and maintenance

     3,210         2,894   

Accrued other

     14,102         13,821   
                 
   $ 133,536       $ 145,854   
                 

Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
     December 31,
2010
 

Deferred installation revenue

   $ 33,049       $ 31,149   

Customer deposits

     13,107         12,624   

Accrued restructuring charges

     2,690         3,089   

Deferred recurring revenue

     3,259         2,349   

Deferred tax liabilities

     993         993   

Deferred rent

     591         585   

Foreign currency forward contract payable

     328         58   

Asset retirement obligations

     453         445   

Other current liabilities

     1,104         1,336   
                 
   $ 55,574       $ 52,628   
                 

Other Liabilities

Other liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
     December 31,
2010
 

Deferred tax liabilities, net

   $ 95,145       $ 103,717   

Asset retirement obligations, non-current

     48,931         46,322   

Deferred rent, non-current

     45,960         43,705   

Deferred installation revenue, non-current

     20,715         19,488   

Deferred recurring revenue, non-current

     4,580         4,897   

Customer deposits, non-current

     4,290         4,206   

Accrued restructuring charges, non-current

     3,760         3,952   

Other liabilities

     2,606         2,473   
                 
   $ 225,987       $ 228,760   
                 

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

The Company currently leases the majority of its IBX data centers and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements expiring through 2035. The IBX data center lease agreements typically provide for base rental rates that increase at defined intervals during the term of the lease. In addition, the Company has negotiated some rent expense abatement periods for certain leases to better match the phased build-out of its centers. The Company accounts for such abatements and increasing base rentals using the straight-line method over the life of the lease. The difference between the straight-line expense and the cash payment is recorded as deferred rent.

4. Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Other Derivatives not Designated as Hedging

The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with certain foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities. As a result of foreign currency fluctuations, the U.S. dollar equivalent values of the foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities change. Foreign currency forward contracts represent agreements to exchange the currency of one country for the currency of another country at an agreed-upon price on an agreed-upon settlement date.

The Company has not designated the foreign currency forward contracts as hedging instruments under the accounting standard for derivatives and hedging. Gains and losses on these contracts are included in other income (expense), net, along with those foreign currency gains and losses of the related foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities associated with these foreign currency forward contracts. The Company entered into various foreign currency forward contracts during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded a net gain of $798,000 and $1,052,000, respectively, which is reflected in other income (expense) on the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations, in connection with its foreign currency forward contracts.

5. Fair Value Measurements

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2011 were as follows (in thousands):

 

    

Fair value as

of March 31,

     Fair value measurement using  
     2011      Level 1      Level 2      Level 3  

Assets:

           

U.S. government and agency obligations

   $ 246,978       $ —         $ 246,978       $ —     

Cash and money markets

     207,471         207,471         —           —     

Corporate bonds

     435         —           435         —     

Asset-backed securities

     1,767         —           1,767         —     

Foreign currency forward contracts (1)

     1,069         —           1,069         —     
                                   
   $ 457,720       $ 207,471       $ 250,249       $ —     
                                   

Liabilities:

           

Foreign currency forward contracts (1)

   $ 328       $ —         $ 328       $ —     
                                   

 

  (1) Amounts are included within other current assets and other current liabilities in the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The fair value of the Company’s investments in available-for-sale money market funds approximates their face value. Such instruments are included in cash equivalents. These instruments include available-for-sale debt investments related to the Company’s investments in the securities of other public companies, governmental units and other agencies. The fair value of these investments is based on the quoted market price of the underlying shares.

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

Valuation Methods

Fair value estimates are made as of a specific point in time based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. These techniques involve uncertainties and are affected by the assumptions used and the judgments made regarding risk characteristics of various financial instruments, discount rates, estimates of future cash flows, future expected loss experience and other factors.

The Company considers each category of investments held to be an asset group. The asset groups held at March 31, 2011 were primarily U.S. government securities, cash and money market funds, corporate bonds and asset-backed securities. The Company’s fair value assessment includes an evaluation by each of these securities held for sale, all of which continue to be classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The types of instruments valued based on other observable inputs include available-for-sale debt investments in other public companies, governmental units and other agencies. Such instruments are generally classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Short-Term and Long-Term Investments. The Company uses the specific identification method in computing realized gains or losses. Short-term and long-term investments are classified as “available-for-sale” and are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices with unrealized gains and losses reported in stockholders’ equity as a component of other comprehensive income or loss, net of any related tax effect. The Company reviews its investment portfolio quarterly to determine if any securities may be other-than-temporarily impaired due to increased credit risk, changes in industry or sector of a certain instrument or ratings downgrades over an extended period of time. The Company determined that these quoted market prices qualify as Level 1 and Level 2.

Derivative Assets and Liabilities. For foreign currency derivatives, the Company’s approach is to use forward contract and option valuation models employing market observable inputs, such as spot currency rates, time value and option volatilities with adjustments made to these values utilizing the credit default swap rates of our foreign exchange trading counterparties. Although the Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit risk valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. However, as of March 31, 2011, the Company had assessed the significance of the impact of the credit risk valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and had determined that the credit risk valuation adjustments were not significant to the overall valuation of its derivatives. Therefore, they are categorized as Level 2.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company did not have any nonfinancial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

6. Related Party Transactions

The Company has several significant stockholders and other related parties that are also customers and/or vendors. The Company’s activity of related party transactions was as follows (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March  31,
 
     2011      2010  

Revenues

   $ 5,811       $ 5,392   

Costs and services

     388         393   

 

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

     As of March 31,  
     2011      2010  

Accounts receivable

   $ 5,465       $ 3,727   

Accounts payable

     258         234   

7. Capital Lease and Other Financing Obligations

Hong Kong 2 IBX Lease

In August 2010, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a lease agreement for rental of space which will be used for its second IBX data center in Hong Kong. Additionally, in December 2010, the Company entered into a license agreement with the same Landlord to obtain the right to make structural changes to the leased space (the “Hong Kong 2 IBX Lease”). The Hong Kong 2 IBX Lease has a term of 12 years and a total cumulative rent obligation of approximately $40,518,000 (using the exchange rate as of March 31, 2011). Pursuant to the accounting standards for lessee’s involvement in asset construction, the Company is now considered the owner of the leased space during the construction phase due to the structural work that the Company is now undertaking, which commenced in January 2011. As a result, in January 2011, the Company recorded a building asset totaling approximately $37,957,000 (using the exchange rate as of March 31, 2011) and a related financing obligation liability totaling approximately $38,069,000 (using the exchange rate as of March 31, 2011).

Maturities of Capital Lease and Other Financing Obligations

The Company’s capital lease and other financing obligations are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

     March 31, 2011  
     Capital
leases
    Other
financing
obligations
    Total  

2011 (nine months remaining)

   $ 9,301      $ 12,952      $ 22,253   

2012

     12,827        19,216        32,043   

2013

     12,817        19,933        32,750   

2014

     13,013        20,577        33,590   

2015

     13,483        20,880        34,363   

Thereafter

     103,573        164,348        267,921   
                        

Total minimum lease payments

     165,014        257,906        422,920   

Plus amount representing residual property value

     —          109,986        109,986   

Less amount representing interest

     (62,949     (164,663     (227,612
                        

Present value of net minimum lease payments

     102,065        203,229        305,294   

Less current portion

     (4,910     (3,471     (8,381
                        
   $ 97,155      $ 199,758      $ 296,913   
                        

8. Debt Facilities

Loans Payable

The Company’s loans payable consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
    December 31,
2010
 

New Asia-Pacific financing

   $ 134,720      $ 120,315   

Paris 4 IBX financing

     12,101        —     
                
     146,821        120,315   

Less current portion of principal

     (20,204     (19,978
                
   $ 126,617      $ 100,337   
                

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

New Asia-Pacific Financing

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company received additional advances totaling approximately $22,653,000 under the New Asia-Pacific Financing leaving the amount available to borrow totaling approximately $70,996,000. The outstanding loans payable under the New Asia-Pacific Financing had a blended interest rate of 4.69% as of March 31, 2011. As of March 31, 2011, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants associated with the New Asia-Pacific Financing.

Paris 4 IBX Financing

In March 2011, the Company entered into two agreements with two unrelated parties to purchase and develop a building that will ultimately become the Company’s fourth IBX data center in the Paris metro area. The first agreement allowed the Company the right to purchase the property for a total fee of approximately $21,297,000 payable to a company that held exclusive rights (including power rights) to the property and was already in the process of developing the property into a data center and will now, instead, become the anchor tenant in the Paris 4 IBX data center once it is open for business. The second agreement was entered into with the developer of the property and allowed the Company to take immediate title to the building and associated land and also requires the developer to construct the data center to the Company’s specifications and hand over the completed data center to the Company in July 2012 for a total fee of approximately $107,462,000. Both agreements include extended payment terms. The Company made payments under both agreements totaling approximately $35,687,000 in March 2011 and the remaining payments due totaling approximately $93,072,000 are payable on various dates through March 2013 (the “Paris 4 IBX Financing”). Of the amounts paid or payable under the Paris 4 IBX Financing, a total of $14,951,000 was allocated to land and building assets, $3,761,000 was allocated to a deferred charge, which will be netted against revenue associated with the anchor tenant of the Paris 4 IBX data center over the term of the customer contract, and the remainder totaling $110,047,000 was or will be allocated to construction costs inclusive of interest charges. The Company has imputed an interest rate of 5.90% per annum on the Paris 4 IBX Financing and as of March 31, 2011, a total of $12,101,000 was outstanding under the Paris 4 IBX Financing. The Company will record additional construction costs and increase the Paris 4 IBX Financing liability over the course of the construction period. The Paris 4 IBX Financing also required the Company to post approximately $94,734,000 of cash into a restricted cash account as collateral for the developer during the construction period. As a result, the Company’s restricted cash balances (both current and non-current) have increased (refer to “Other Current Assets” and “Other Assets” in Note 3).

Convertible Debt

The Company’s convertible debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
    December 31,
2010
 

2.50% convertible subordinated notes due April 2012

   $ 250,000      $ 250,000   

3.00% convertible subordinated notes due October 2014

     395,986        395,986   

4.75% convertible subordinated notes due June 2016

     373,750        373,750   
                
     1,019,736        1,019,736   

Less amount representing debt discount

     (97,411     (103,399
                
     922,325        916,337   

Less current portion of principal

     —          —     
                
   $ 922,325      $ 916,337   
                

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

Maturities of Debt Facilities

The following table sets forth maturities of the Company’s debt, including loans payable, senior notes and convertible debt, as of March 31, 2011 (in thousands):

 

Year ending:

  

2011 (nine months remaining)

   $ 10,102   

2012

     284,053   

2013

     44,378   

2014

     434,084   

2015

     20,190   

Thereafter

     1,123,750   
        
   $ 1,916,557   
        

Fair Value of Debt Facilities

The following table sets forth the estimated fair values of the Company’s loans payable, senior notes and convertible debt, including current maturities, as of (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
     December 31,
2010
 

Loans payable

   $ 155,284       $ 126,958   

Senior notes

     821,050         816,270   

Convertible debt

     1,040,782         995,012   

Interest Charges

The following table sets forth total interest costs incurred and total interest costs capitalized for the periods presented (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011      2010  

Interest expense

   $ 37,361       $ 25,675   

Interest capitalized

     2,624         3,748   
                 

Interest charges incurred

   $ 39,985       $ 29,423   
                 

9. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Matters

IPO Litigation

On July 30, 2001 and August 8, 2001, putative shareholder class action lawsuits were filed against the Company, certain of its officers and directors (the “Individual Defendants”), and several investment banks that were underwriters of the Company’s initial public offering (the “Underwriter Defendants”). The cases were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Similar lawsuits were filed against approximately 300 other issuers and related parties. These lawsuits have been coordinated before a single judge. The purported class action alleges violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b), Rule 10b-5 and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 against the Company and the Individual Defendants. The plaintiffs have since dismissed the Individual Defendants without prejudice. The suits allege that the Underwriter Defendants agreed to allocate stock in the Company’s initial public offering to certain investors in exchange for excessive and undisclosed commissions and agreements by those investors to make additional purchases in the aftermarket at pre-determined prices. The plaintiffs allege that the prospectus for the Company’s initial public offering was false and misleading and in violation of the securities laws because it did not disclose these arrangements. The action seeks damages in an unspecified amount. On February 19, 2003, the court dismissed the Section 10(b) claim against the Company, but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim.

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

The parties in the approximately 300 coordinated cases, including the parties in the Equinix case, reached a settlement. It provides for releases of existing claims and claims that could have been asserted relating to the conduct alleged to be wrongful from the class of investors participating in the settlement. The insurers for the issuer defendants in the coordinated cases will make the settlement payment on behalf of the issuers, including Equinix. On October 6, 2009, the Court granted final approval to the settlement. Two appeals are proceeding before the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Plaintiffs have moved to dismiss both appeals.

Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. The Company is unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Pihana Litigation

On August 22, 2008, a complaint was filed against Equinix, certain former officers and directors of Pihana Pacific, Inc. (“Pihana”), certain investors in Pihana, and others. The lawsuit was filed in the First Circuit Court of the State of Hawaii, and arises out of December 2002 agreements pursuant to which Equinix merged Pihana and i-STT (a subsidiary of Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte Ltd) into the Internet exchange services business of Equinix. Plaintiffs, who were allegedly holders of Pihana common stock, allege that their rights as shareholders were violated, and the transaction was effectuated improperly, by Pihana’s majority shareholders, officers and directors, with the alleged assistance of Equinix and others. Among other things, plaintiffs contend that they effectively had a right to block the transaction, that this supposed right was disregarded, and that they improperly received no consideration when the deal was completed. The complaint seeks to recover unspecified punitive damages, equitable relief, fees and costs, and compensatory damages in an amount that plaintiffs allegedly “believe may be all or a substantial portion of the approximately $725,000,000 value of Equinix held by Defendants” (a group that includes more than 30 individuals and entities). An amended complaint, which adds new plaintiffs (other alleged holders of Pihana common stock) but is otherwise substantially similar to the original pleading, was filed on September 29, 2008 (the “Amended Complaint”). On October 13, 2008, a complaint was filed in a separate action by another purported holder of Pihana common stock, naming the same defendants and asserting substantially similar allegations as the August 22, 2008 and September 29, 2008 pleadings. On December 12, 2008, the court entered a stipulated order, which consolidated the two actions under one case number and set January 22, 2009 as the last day for Defendants to move to dismiss or otherwise respond to the Amended Complaint, the operative complaint in this case. On January 22, 2009, motions to dismiss the Amended Complaint were filed by Equinix and other Defendants. On April 24, 2009, plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Complaint (“SAC”) to correct the naming of certain parties. The SAC is otherwise substantively identical to the Amended Complaint, and all motions to dismiss the Amended Complaint have been treated as responsive to the SAC. On September 1, 2009, the Court heard Defendants’ motions to dismiss the SAC and ruled at the hearing that all claims against all Defendants are time-barred. The Court also considered whether there were further independent grounds for dismissing the claims, and supplemental briefing was submitted with respect to claims against one defendant and plaintiffs’ renewed request for further leave to amend. On March 23, 2010, the Court entered final Orders granting the motions to dismiss as to all Defendants and issued a minute Order denying plaintiffs’ renewed request for further leave to amend. On May 21, 2010, plaintiffs filed a Notice of Appeal, and plaintiffs’ appeal is currently pending before the Hawaii Supreme Court. The Company believes that plaintiffs’ claims and alleged damages are without merit and it intends to continue to defend the litigation vigorously.

Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. The Company is unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

 

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Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

Alleged Class Action and Shareholder Derivative Action

On March 4, 2011, an alleged class action entitled Cement Masons & Plasterers Joint Pension Trust v. Equinix, Inc., et al., No. CV-11-1016-SC, was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, against Equinix and two of its officers. The suit asserts purported claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for allegedly misleading statements regarding the Company’s business and financial results. The suit is purportedly brought on behalf of purchasers of the Company’s common stock between July 29, 2010 and October 5, 2010, and seeks compensatory damages, fees and costs. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.

On March 8, 2011, an alleged shareholder derivative action entitled Rikos v. Equinix, Inc., et al., No. CGC-11-508940, was filed in California Superior Court, County of San Francisco, against Equinix (as a nominal defendant), the members of the Company’s board of directors, and two of its officers. The suit is based on allegations similar to those in the federal securities class action and, allegedly on the Company’s behalf, asserts purported state law causes of action against the individual defendants for breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets and unjust enrichment. The suit seeks, among other things, compensatory and treble damages, restitution and other equitable relief, and fees and costs. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.

Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. The Company is unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Litigation Summary

The Company believes that while an unfavorable outcome to these litigations is reasonably possible, a range of potential loss cannot be determined at this time. As a result, the Company had not accrued for any amounts in connection with these legal matters as of March 31, 2011. The Company and its officers and directors intend to continue to defend the actions vigorously.

Other Purchase Commitments

Primarily as a result of the Company’s various IBX expansion projects, as of March 31, 2011, the Company was contractually committed for $204,816,000 of unaccrued capital expenditures, primarily for IBX equipment not yet delivered and labor not yet provided, in connection with the work necessary to open these IBX centers and make them available to customers for installation. In addition, the Company had numerous other, non-capital purchase commitments in place as of March 31, 2011, such as commitments to purchase power in select locations through the remainder of 2011 and thereafter, and other open purchase orders for goods or services to be delivered or provided during the remainder of 2011 and thereafter. Such other miscellaneous purchase commitments totaled $128,635,000 as of March 31, 2011.

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

10. Other Comprehensive Income and Loss

The components of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011     2010  

Net income

   $ 25,145      $ 14,199   

Unrealized loss on available for sale securities, net of tax of $14 and $64, respectively

     (21     (104

Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps, net of tax of $0 and $3,469, respectively

     —          4,933   

Foreign currency translation gain (loss), net of tax $27 and $242, respectively

     50,683        (40,089
                

Comprehensive income (loss)

   $ 75,807      $ (21,061
                

Changes in foreign currencies, particularly the British pound and Euro, can have a significant impact to the Company’s consolidated balance sheets (as evidenced above in the Company’s foreign currency translation gain or loss), as well as its consolidated results of operations, as amounts in foreign currencies are generally translating into more U.S. dollars when the U.S. dollar weakens or less U.S. dollars when the U.S. dollar strengthens. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the U.S. dollar weakened against certain of the currencies of the foreign countries in which the Company operates. This has significantly impacted the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets (as evidenced in the Company’s foreign currency translation gain in this period), as well as its condensed consolidated statements of operations as amounts denominated in foreign currencies are generally translating into more U.S. dollars. To the extent that the U.S. dollar weakens or strengthens in future periods, this will continue to impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements including the amount of revenue that the Company reports in future periods.

11. Segment Information

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company changed its reportable segments as a result of the incorporation of legal entities in South America and the Middle East. The Company’s prior North America segment was re-designated as the Americas segment, which includes both North and South America, and the Europe segment was re-designated as the Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) segment. The change in reportable segments did not impact the Company’s prior periods’ segment disclosures. While the Company has a single line of business, which is the design, build-out and operation of IBX data centers, it has determined that it has three reportable segments comprised of its Americas, EMEA and Asia-Pacific geographic regions. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker evaluates performance, makes operating decisions and allocates resources based on the Company’s revenue and adjusted EBITDA performance both on a consolidated basis and based on these three geographic regions.

 

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Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

The Company provides the following segment disclosures as follows (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011      2010  

Total revenues:

     

Americas

   $ 232,527       $ 148,556   

EMEA

     82,039         64,164   

Asia-Pacific

     48,463         35,929   
                 
   $ 363,029       $ 248,649   
                 

Total depreciation and amortization:

     

Americas

   $ 52,700       $ 27,866   

EMEA

     16,678         14,353   

Asia-Pacific

     8,957         6,470   
                 
   $ 78,335       $ 48,689   
                 

Income from operations:

     

Americas

   $ 47,319       $ 29,601   

EMEA

     11,471         8,321   

Asia-Pacific

     12,515         10,060   
                 
   $ 71,305       $ 47,982   
                 

Capital expenditures:

     

Americas

   $ 48,878       $ 95,966   

EMEA

     82,849         39,844   

Asia-Pacific

     58,339         7,590   
                 
   $ 190,066       $ 143,400   
                 

The Company’s long-lived assets are located in the following geographic areas as of (in thousands):

 

     March 31,
2011
     December 31,
2010
 

Americas

   $ 1,746,026       $ 1,764,630   

EMEA

     707,459         596,609   

Asia-Pacific

     427,641         289,714   
                 
   $ 2,881,126       $ 2,650,953   
                 

Revenue information on a services basis is as follows (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011      2010  

Colocation

   $ 280,735       $ 200,359   

Interconnection

     54,075         29,232   

Managed infrastructure

     8,477         7,300   

Rental

     622         345   
                 

Recurring revenues

     343,909         237,236   

Non-recurring revenues

     19,120         11,413   
                 
   $ 363,029       $ 248,649   
                 

No single customer accounted for 10% or greater of the Company’s revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. No single customer accounted for 10% or greater of the Company’s gross accounts receivable as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

12. Restructuring Charges

Switch and Data Restructuring Charge

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company recorded restructuring charges related to one-time termination benefits, primarily comprised of severance, attributed to certain Switch and Data employees as presented below (in thousands):

 

Accrued restructuring charge as of December 31, 2010 (1)

   $ 1,035   

Severance-related expenses (2)

     496   

Cash payments

     (793
        

Accrued restructuring charge as of March 31, 2011 (1)

   $ 738   
        

 

  (1) Included within other current liabilities.
  (2) Included in the consolidated statements of operations as a restructuring charge.

As of March 31, 2011, the Company’s remaining accrued restructuring charge associated with the Switch and Data Acquisition is expected to be paid out during the second quarter of 2011. The Company anticipates that it will incur additional restructuring charges in connection with the Switch and Data Acquisition related to one-time termination benefits during the second quarter of 2011.

2004 Restructuring Charge

A summary of the activity in the 2004 accrued restructuring charge from December 31, 2010 to March 31, 2011 is outlined as follows (in thousands):

 

     Accrued
restructuring
charge as of
December 31,
2010
    Accretion
expense
     Cash
payments
    Accrued
restructuring
charge as of
March 31,
2011
 

Estimated lease exit costs

   $ 6,006      $ 100       $ (394   $ 5,712   
                                 
     6,006      $ 100       $ (394  
                     

Less current portion

     (2,054          (1,952
                     
   $ 3,952           $ 3,760   
                     

As the Company currently has no plans to enter into a lease termination with the landlord associated with the excess space lease in the New York metro area, the Company has reflected its accrued restructuring liability as both a current and non-current liability. The Company reports accrued restructuring charges within other current liabilities and other liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. The Company is contractually committed to this excess space lease through 2015.

 

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EQUINIX, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)

 

13. Subsequent Events

On April 25, 2011, Zion RJ Participações S.A. (“Zion”), a Brazilian joint-stock company controlled by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and co-owned by RW Brasil Fundo de Investimento em Participações, a subsidiary of Riverwood Capital L.P. (“Riverwood”), completed the acquisition of approximately 90% of the outstanding capital stock of ALOG Data Centers do Brasil S.A. and its subsidiaries (“ALOG”) (the “ALOG Acquisition”). Zion paid a total of 155,084,000 Brazilian reais in cash on the closing date, or approximately $95,000,000, to purchase the ALOG capital stock and an additional 36,000,000 Brazilian reais, or approximately $22,000,000, is payable in April 2013, subject to certain post-closing balance sheet adjustments and any claims for indemnification by Zion. In addition, in connection with the closing, Equinix and Riverwood funded an additional 44,913,000 Brazilian reais in cash on the closing date, or approximately $27,500,000, to Zion in order to provide additional funding to ALOG in the future, as well as to cover certain deal expenses. As a result, Equinix has an approximate 52% indirect ownership interest in ALOG. Later in 2011, ALOG intends to provide equity awards to ALOG management that are expected to dilute Equinix’s indirect ownership interest in ALOG to approximately 50.1%. ALOG operates two data centers in Brazil, with a third under construction, and is headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ALOG will continue to operate under the ALOG trade name.

Beginning in April 2014 and ending in May 2016, Equinix will have the right to purchase all of Riverwood’s interest in Zion at a price equal to the greater of (i) its fair market value and (ii) a net purchase price that implies a compounded internal rate of return in U.S. dollars (“IRR”) for Riverwood’s investment of 12%. If Equinix exercises its right to purchase Riverwood’s shares, Equinix also will have the right, and under certain circumstances may be required, to purchase the remaining approximate 10% of shares of ALOG that Zion does not own, which are held by ALOG management.

Also beginning in April 2014 and ending in May 2016, Riverwood will have the right to require Equinix to purchase all of Riverwood’s interest in Zion at a price equal to the greater of (i) its fair market value and (ii) a net purchase price that implies an IRR for Riverwood’s investment of 8%, declining over time. If Riverwood exercises its right to require Equinix to purchase Riverwood’s shares, Equinix will have the right, and under certain circumstances may be required, to purchase the remaining approximate 10% of shares of ALOG that Zion does not own, which are held by ALOG management.

The Company will consolidate the results of ALOG and the ALOG Acquisition will be accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with the accounting standard for business combinations. As the Company does not wholly-own ALOG, the Company will reflect a non-controlling interest in its consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations prospectively. The preliminary purchase price allocation for the ALOG Acquisition is not currently available as the appraisals necessary to assess fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are not yet complete.

 

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Item 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The information in this discussion contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements are based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. For example, the words “believes,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “expects,” “intends” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Our actual results and the timing of certain events may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those discussed in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below and “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. All forward-looking statements in this document are based on information available to us as of the date of this Report and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements.

Our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is intended to assist readers in understanding our financial information from our management’s perspective and is presented as follows:

 

   

Overview

 

   

Results of Operations

 

   

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

 

   

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

   

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

 

   

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

   

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

On April 25, 2011, as more fully described in Note 13 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Zion RJ Participações S.A., referred to as Zion, a Brazilian joint-stock company controlled by our wholly-owned subsidiary and co-owned by RW Brasil Fundo de Investimento em Participações, a subsidiary of Riverwood Capital L.P., referred to as Riverwood, completed the acquisition of approximately 90% of the outstanding capital stock of ALOG Data Centers do Brasil S.A. and its subsidiaries, referred to as ALOG. This transaction is referred to as the ALOG acquisition. Zion paid a total of 155.1 million Brazilian reais in cash on the closing date, or approximately $95.0 million, to purchase the ALOG capital stock and an additional 36.0 million Brazilian reais, or approximately $22.0 million, is payable in April 2013, subject to certain post-closing balance sheet adjustments and any claims for indemnification by Zion. In addition, in connection with the closing, Equinix and Riverwood funded an additional 45.0 million Brazilian reais in cash on the closing date, or approximately $27.5 million, to Zion in order to provide additional funding to ALOG in the future. As a result, we have an approximate 52% indirect ownership interest in ALOG.

Overview

Equinix provides global data center services that protect and connect the world’s most valued information assets. Global enterprises, financial services companies, and content and network service providers rely upon Equinix’s leading insight and data centers in 35 markets around the world for the safeguarding of their critical IT equipment and the ability to directly connect to the networks that enable today’s information-driven economy. Equinix offers the following data center services: premium data center colocation, interconnection and exchange services, and outsourced IT infrastructure services. As of March 31, 2011, we operated or had partner IBX data centers in the Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Indianapolis, Los Angeles, Miami, Nashville, New York, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Seattle, Silicon Valley, St. Louis, Tampa, Toronto and Washington, D.C. metro areas in the Americas region; France, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom in the Europe, Middle East, Africa (EMEA) region; and Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, China and Singapore in the Asia-Pacific region.

 

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We leverage our global data centers in 35 markets around the world as a global service delivery platform which serves more than 90% of the world’s Internet routes and allows our customers to increase information and application delivery performance while significantly reducing costs. Based on our global delivery platform and the quality of our IBX data centers, we believe we have established a critical mass of customers. As more customers locate in our IBX data centers, it benefits their suppliers and business partners to colocate as well in order to gain the full economic and performance benefits of our services. These partners, in turn, pull in their business partners, creating a “marketplace” for their services. Our global delivery platform enables scalable, reliable and cost-effective colocation, interconnection and traffic exchange thus lowering overall cost and increasing flexibility. Our focused business model is based on our critical mass of customers and the resulting “marketplace” effect. This global delivery platform, combined with our strong financial position, continues to drive new customer growth and bookings as we drive scale into our global business.

Historically, our market has been served by large telecommunications carriers who have bundled their telecommunications products and services with their colocation offerings. The data center services market landscape has evolved to include cloud computing/utility providers, application hosting providers and systems integrators, managed infrastructure hosting providers and colocation providers with over 350 companies providing data center services in the United States alone. Each of these data center services providers can bundle various colocation, interconnection and network services, and outsourced IT infrastructure services. We are able to offer our customers a global platform that supports global reach to 12 countries, proven operational reliability, improved application performance and network choice, and a highly scalable set of services.

Our customer count increased to 4,046 as of March 31, 2011 versus 2,719 as of March 31, 2010, an increase of 49%. This increase was due both to our acquisition of Switch & Data Facilities Company, Inc. in April 2010, which is referred to as Switch and Data or the Switch and Data acquisition, and organic growth in our business. Our utilization rate represents the percentage of our cabinet space billing versus net sellable cabinet space available taking into account power limitations. Excluding the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, our utilization rate increased to 79% as of March 31, 2011 versus approximately 76% as of March 31, 2010; however, excluding the impact of our IBX data center expansion projects that have opened during the last 12 months, our utilization rate would have increased to approximately 83% as of March 31, 2011. Including the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, our utilization rate was 76% as of March 31, 2011. Our utilization rate varies from market to market among our IBX data centers across the Americas, EMEA and Asia-Pacific regions. We continue to monitor the available capacity in each of our selected markets. To the extent we have limited capacity available in a given market it may limit our ability for growth in that market. We perform demand studies on an ongoing basis to determine if future expansion is warranted in a market. In addition, power and cooling requirements for most customers are growing on a per unit basis. As a result, customers are consuming an increasing amount of power per cabinet. Although we generally do not control the amount of power our customers draw from installed circuits, we have negotiated power consumption limitations with certain of our high power demand customers. This increased power consumption has driven the requirement to build out our new IBX data centers to support power and cooling needs twice that of previous IBX data centers. We could face power limitations in our centers even though we may have additional physical cabinet capacity available within a specific IBX data center. This could have a negative impact on the available utilization capacity of a given center, which could have a negative impact on our ability to grow revenues, affecting our financial performance, operating results and cash flows.

Strategically, we will continue to look at attractive opportunities to grow our market share and selectively improve our footprint and service offerings. As was the case with our recent expansions and acquisitions, our expansion criteria will be dependent on a number of factors such as demand from new and existing customers, quality of the design, power capacity, access to networks, capacity availability in the current market location, amount of incremental investment required by us in the targeted property, lead-time to break-even and in-place customers. Like our recent expansions and acquisitions, the right combination of these factors may be attractive to us. Depending on the circumstances, these transactions may require additional capital expenditures funded by upfront cash payments or through long-term financing arrangements, in order to bring these properties up to Equinix standards. Property expansion may be in the form of purchases of real property, long-term leasing arrangements or acquisitions. Future purchases, construction or acquisitions may be completed by us or with partners or potential customers to minimize the outlay of cash, which can be significant.

 

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Our business is based on a recurring revenue model comprised of colocation, interconnection and managed infrastructure services. We consider these services recurring as our customers are generally billed on a fixed and recurring basis each month for the duration of their contract, which is generally one to three years in length. Our recurring revenues have comprised more than 90% of our total revenues during the past three years. In addition, during the past three years, in any given quarter, greater than half of our monthly recurring revenue bookings came from existing customers, contributing to our revenue growth.

Our non-recurring revenues are primarily comprised of installation services related to a customer’s initial deployment and professional services that we perform. These services are considered to be non-recurring as they are billed typically once and upon completion of the installation or professional services work performed. The majority of these non-recurring revenues are typically billed on the first invoice distributed to the customer in connection with their initial installation. However, revenues from installation services are deferred and recognized ratably over the longer of the term of the related contract or expected life of the services. Additionally, revenue from contract settlements, when a customer wishes to terminate their contract early, is generally recognized on a cash basis, when no remaining performance obligations exist, to the extent that the revenue has not previously been recognized. As a percentage of total revenues, we expect non-recurring revenues to represent less than 10% of total revenues for the foreseeable future.

Our Americas revenues are derived primarily from colocation and interconnection services while our EMEA and Asia-Pacific revenues are derived primarily from colocation and managed infrastructure services.

The largest components of our cost of revenues are depreciation, rental payments related to our leased IBX data centers, utility costs, including electricity and bandwidth, IBX data center employees’ salaries and benefits, including stock-based compensation, repairs and maintenance, supplies and equipment and security services. A substantial majority of our cost of revenues is fixed in nature and should not vary significantly from period to period, unless we expand our existing IBX data centers or open or acquire new IBX data centers. However, there are certain costs which are considered more variable in nature, including utilities and supplies ,that are directly related to growth in our existing and new customer base. We expect the cost of our utilities, specifically electricity, will increase in the future on a per-unit or fixed basis in addition to the variable increase related to the growth in consumption by the customer. In addition, the cost of electricity is generally higher in the summer months as compared to other times of the year. To the extent we incur increased utility costs, such increased costs could materially impact our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Furthermore, to the extent we incur increased electricity costs as a result of either climate change policies or the physical effects of climate change, such increased costs could materially impact our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation and related costs for sales and marketing personnel, including stock-based compensation, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations, promotional materials and travel, as well as bad debt expense and amortization of customer contract intangible assets.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses, including stock-based compensation, accounting, legal and other professional service fees, and other general corporate expenses such as our corporate regional headquarters office leases and some depreciation expense.

 

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Due to our recurring revenue model, and a cost structure which has a large base that is fixed in nature and generally does not grow in proportion to revenue growth, we expect our cost of revenues, sales and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses to decline as a percentage of revenue over time, although we expect each of them to grow in absolute dollars in connection with our growth. This is evident in the trends noted below in our discussion on our results of operations. However, for cost of revenues, this trend may periodically be impacted when a large expansion project opens or is acquired and before it starts generating any meaningful revenue. Furthermore, in relation to cost of revenues, we note that the Americas region has a lower cost of revenues as a percentage of revenue than either EMEA or Asia-Pacific. This is due to both the increased scale and maturity of the Americas region compared to either EMEA or Asia-Pacific, as well as a higher cost structure outside of Americas, particularly in EMEA. While we expect all three regions to continue to see lower cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues in future periods, we expect the trend of Americas having the lowest cost of revenues as a percentage of revenue and EMEA having the highest to continue. As a result, to the extent that revenue growth outside Americas grows in greater proportion than revenue growth in Americas, our overall cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues may increase in future periods. Sales and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses may also periodically increase as a percentage of revenue as we continue to scale our operations to support our growth.

Results of Operations

Our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 include the operations of Switch and Data, an acquisition that closed on April 30, 2010.

Constant Currency Presentation

Our revenues and certain operating expenses (cost of revenues, sales and marketing and general and administrative expenses) from our international operations have represented and will continue to represent a significant portion of our total revenues and certain operating expenses. As a result, our revenues and certain operating expenses have been and will continue to be affected by changes in the U.S. dollar against major international currencies such as the British pound, Canadian dollar, Euro, Swiss franc, Australian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen and Singapore dollar. In order to provide a framework for assessing how each of our business segments performed excluding the impact of foreign currency fluctuations, we present period-over-period percentage changes in our revenues and certain operating expenses on a constant currency basis in addition to the historical amounts as reported. Presenting constant currency results of operations is a non-GAAP financial measure and is not meant to be considered in isolation or as an alternative to GAAP results of operations. However, we have presented this non-GAAP financial measure to provide investors with an additional tool to evaluate our operating results. To present this information, our current and comparative prior period revenues and certain operating expenses from entities reporting in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted into U.S. dollars at constant exchange rates rather than the actual exchange rates in effect during the respective periods (i.e. average rates in effect for the three months ended March 31, 2010 are used as exchange rates for the three months ended March 31, 2011 when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2011 with the three months ended March 31, 2010). For the three months ended March 31, 2011, our Americas operations consisted of the U.S. operations and Canadian operations which were added through the Switch and Data acquisition.

 

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010

Revenues. Our revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were generated from the following revenue classifications and geographic regions (dollars in thousands):

 

     Three months ended March 31,     % change  
     2011      %     2010      %     Actual     Constant
currency
 

Americas:

              

Recurring revenues

   $ 223,389         62   $ 143,417         58     56     n/a   

Non-recurring revenues

     9,138         2     5,139         2     78     n/a   
                                      
     232,527         64     148,556         60     57     n/a   
                                      

EMEA:

              

Recurring revenues

     74,328         21     59,445         24     25     24

Non-recurring revenues

     7,711         2     4,719         2     63     64
                                      
     82,039         23     64,164         26     28     27
                                      

Asia-Pacific:

              

Recurring revenues

     46,192         13     34,374         13     34     24

Non-recurring revenues

     2,271         0     1,555         1     46     35
                                      
     48,463         13     35,929         14     35     24
                                      

Total:

              

Recurring revenues

     343,909         95     237,236         95     45     43

Non-recurring revenues

     19,120         5     11,413         5     68     67
                                      
   $ 363,029         100   $ 248,649         100     46     44
                                      

Americas Revenues. The increase in our Americas revenues was primarily due to the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, which resulted in $60.3 million of additional revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The following table presents our Americas revenues excluding the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition (dollars in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
     %
change
 
     2011      2010     

Americas:

        

Recurring revenues

   $ 165,090       $ 143,417         15

Non-recurring revenues

     7,138         5,139         39
                    
   $ 172,228       $ 148,556         16
                    

Excluding the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, the period over period growth in revenues was primarily the result of an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customers during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate, as discussed above, in both our new and existing IBX data centers. Additionally, during the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recorded $10.1 million of revenue generated from our recently-opened IBX data centers or IBX data center expansions in the Dallas, New York, Silicon Valley and Washington, D.C. metro areas.

We expect that our Americas revenues will continue to grow in future periods as a result of the ALOG acquisition and continued growth in the recently-opened IBX data centers or IBX data center expansions and additional expansions currently taking place in the Chicago and New York metro areas, which are expected to open during 2011 and 2012. Our estimates of future revenue growth take account of expected changes in recurring revenues attributed to customer bookings, customer churn or changes or amendments to customers’ contracts.

 

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EMEA Revenues. Our revenues from Germany, the largest revenue contributor in the EMEA region for the period, represented approximately 35% and 37%, respectively, of the regional revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. Our EMEA revenue growth was due to an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customers during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate, as discussed above, in both our new and existing IBX data centers. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recorded approximately $6.3 million of revenue from our recently-opened IBX data centers or IBX data center expansions in the Amsterdam, Frankfurt, Munich, Paris and Zurich metro areas. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our EMEA revenues was not significant when compared to average exchange rates of the three months ended March 31, 2010. We expect that our EMEA revenues will continue to grow in future periods as a result of continued growth in recently-opened IBX data centers or IBX data center expansions and additional expansions currently taking place in the Amsterdam, Frankfurt, London and Paris metro areas, which are expected to open during 2011 and 2012. Our estimates of future revenue growth take account of expected changes in recurring revenues attributed to customer bookings, customer churn or changes or amendments to customers’ contracts.

Asia-Pacific Revenues. Our revenues from Singapore, the largest revenue contributor in the Asia-Pacific region, represented approximately 40% and 37%, respectively, of the regional revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. Our Asia-Pacific revenue growth was due to an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customers during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate, as discussed above, in both our new and existing IBX data centers. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recorded approximately $3.1 million of revenue generated from our IBX center expansions in the Hong Kong and Singapore metro areas. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally stronger relative to the Australian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen and Singapore dollar than during the three months ended March 31, 2010, resulting in approximately $3.8 million of favorable foreign currency impact to our Asia-Pacific revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2011 when compared to average exchange rates of the three months ended March 31, 2010. We expect that our Asia-Pacific revenues will continue to grow in future periods as a result of continued growth in these recently-opened IBX center expansions and additional expansions currently taking place in the Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo metro areas which are expected to open during 2011. Our estimates of future revenue growth take account of expected changes in recurring revenues attributed to customer bookings, or changes or amendments to customers’ contracts.

Cost of Revenues. Our cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were split among the following geographic regions (dollars in thousands):

 

     Three months ended March 31,     % change  
     2011      %     2010      %     Actual     Constant
currency
 

Americas

   $ 117,586         60   $ 72,073         54     63     n/a   

EMEA

     49,971         26     41,832         32     19     18

Asia-Pacific

     27,019         14     19,145         14     41     30
                                      

Total

   $ 194,576         100   $ 133,050         100     46     44
                                      

 

     Three months ended
March  31,
 
     2011     2010  

Cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues:

    

Americas

     51     49

EMEA

     61     65

Asia-Pacific

     56     53

Total

     54     54

Americas Cost of Revenues. The increase in our Americas cost of revenues was primarily due to the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, which resulted in $41.5 million of additional cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Our Americas cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 included $45.2 million and $26.4 million, respectively, of depreciation expense, including $15.5 million of depreciation expense from the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

 

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Excluding the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, our Americas cost of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2011 was $76.1 million, which represents an increase of 6% from the three months ended March 31, 2010. Growth in depreciation expense was primarily due to our IBX center expansion activity. Excluding depreciation, our Americas cost of revenues did not materially change. We expect Americas cost of revenues to increase as a result of the ALOG acquisition and as we continue to grow our business.

EMEA Cost of Revenues. EMEA cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 included $15.1 million and $12.9 million, respectively, of depreciation expense. Growth in depreciation expense was primarily due to our IBX center expansion activity. Excluding depreciation expense, the increase in EMEA cost of revenues was primarily the result of costs associated with our expansion projects and overall growth in costs to support our revenue growth, such as $1.5 million of higher compensation expense, including general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (255 EMEA cost of revenues employees as of March 31, 2011 versus 209 as of March 31, 2010) and an increase of $1.8 million in utility costs arising from increased customer installations and revenues attributed to customer growth. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our EMEA cost of revenues was not significant when compared to average exchange rates of the three months ended March 31, 2010. We expect EMEA cost of revenues to increase as we continue to grow our business.

Asia-Pacific Cost of Revenues. Asia-Pacific cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 included $8.6 million and $6.3 million, respectively, of depreciation expense. Growth in depreciation expense was primarily due to our IBX center expansion activity. Excluding depreciation expense, the increase in Asia-Pacific cost of revenues was primarily the result of costs associated with our expansion projects and overall growth in costs to support our revenue growth, such as (i) $1.9 million in higher utility costs and (ii) an increase of $1.9 million of rent and facility costs. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally stronger relative to the Australian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen and Singapore dollar than during the three months ended March 31, 2010, resulting in approximately $2.1 million of unfavorable foreign currency impact to our Asia-Pacific cost of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2011 when compared to average exchange rates of the three months ended March 31, 2010. We expect Asia-Pacific cost of revenues to increase as we continue to grow our business.

Sales and Marketing Expenses. Our sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were split among the following geographic regions (dollars in thousands):

 

     Three months ended March 31,     % change  
     2011      %     2010      %     Actual     Constant
currency
 

Americas

   $ 21,811         65   $ 11,952         61     82     n/a   

EMEA

     8,438         25     4,991         26     69     67

Asia-Pacific

     3,387         10     2,525         13     34     28
                                      

Total

   $ 33,636         100   $ 19,468         100     73     71
                                      

 

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     Three months ended
March  31,
 
     2011     2010  

Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues:

    

Americas

     9     8

EMEA

     10     8

Asia-Pacific

     7     7

Total

     9     8

Americas Sales and Marketing Expenses. The increase in our Americas sales and marketing expenses was partly due to the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, which resulted in $3.6 million of additional sales and marketing expenses, including $2.3 million of amortization expense for customer contracts, for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Excluding the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, our Americas sales and marketing expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2011 were $18.2 million, which represents an increase of 52% from the three months ended March 31, 2010. This increase was primarily due to (i) $3.8 million of higher compensation costs, including sales compensation, general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (133 Americas sales and marketing employees as of March 31, 2011 versus 108 as of March 31, 2010) and (ii) $1.1 million of higher bad debt expense, which is partially due to the revenue growth as discussed above and partially due to the growth of the Americas collection team that has initiated additional collection efforts and procedures.

We have been investing in our Americas sales and marketing initiatives to further increase our revenue and we anticipate this increased investment will continue over the next several years, including anticipated headcount growth and new product innovation efforts and, as a result, our Americas sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues have increased and are expected to continue to increase. Additionally, as a result of the ALOG acquisition, we expect our Americas sales and marketing expenses to increase further. In the long-term, we generally expect Americas sales and marketing expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business and invest further in various branding initiatives; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease in the long-term.

EMEA Sales and Marketing Expenses. The increase in our EMEA sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to $2.5 million of higher compensation costs, including sales compensation, general salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation expense and headcount growth (86 EMEA sales and marketing employees as of March 31, 2011 versus 58 as of March 31, 2010). For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our EMEA sales and marketing expenses was not significant when compared to average exchange rates of the three months ended March 31, 2010. We intend to invest further in our EMEA sales and marketing initiatives over the next several years, including anticipated headcount growth and new product innovation efforts and, as a result, we expect our EMEA sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues to increase accordingly. In the long-term, we generally expect EMEA sales and marketing expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business and invest further in various branding initiatives; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease in the long-term.

Asia-Pacific Sales and Marketing Expenses. The increase in our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to higher advertising and promotion efforts as part of our ongoing effort to gain additional market share. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses was not significant when compared to average exchange rates of the three months ended March 31, 2010. We intend to invest further in our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing initiatives over the next several years, including anticipated headcount growth and new product innovation efforts and, as a result, we expect our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues to increase accordingly. In the long-term, we generally expect Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business and invest further in various branding initiatives; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease in the long-term.

 

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General and Administrative Expenses. Our general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were split among the following geographic regions (dollars in thousands):

 

     Three months ended March 31,     % change  
     2011      %     2010      %     Actual     Constant
currency
 

Americas

   $ 44,949         72   $ 29,936         69     50     n/a   

EMEA

     12,156         19     9,020         21     35     32

Asia-Pacific

     5,496         9     4,199         10     31     21
                                      

Total

   $ 62,601         100   $ 43,155         100     45     44
                                      

 

     Three months ended
March  31,
 
     2011     2010  

General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues:

    

Americas

     19     20

EMEA

     15     14

Asia-Pacific

     11     12

Total

     17     17

Americas General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in our Americas general and administrative expenses was partly due to the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, which resulted in $5.8 million of additional general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Excluding the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition, our Americas general and administrative expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2011 were $39.1 million, which represents an increase of 31% from the three months ended March 31, 2010. This increase in our Americas general and administrative expenses was primarily due to (i) $5.8 million of higher compensation costs, including general salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation and headcount growth (415 Americas general and administrative employees as of March 31, 2011 versus 337 as of March 31, 2010) and (ii) $1.8 million of higher depreciation expense as a result of our ongoing efforts to support our growth, such as investments in systems.

Over the course of the past year, we have been investing in our Americas general and administrative functions, which has included taking on additional office space to accommodate the headcount growth, as a result of our ongoing efforts to scale this region effectively for growth. Going forward, although we are carefully monitoring our spending given the current economic environment, we expect Americas general and administrative expenses to increase as a result of the ALOG acquisition and as we continue to further scale our operations to support our growth; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease.

EMEA General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in our EMEA general and administrative expenses was primarily due to $1.7 million of higher compensation costs, including general salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation and headcount growth (157 EMEA general and administrative employees as of March 31, 2011 versus 119 as of March 31, 2010). For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our EMEA general and administrative expenses was not significant when compared to average exchange rates of the three months ended March 31, 2010. Over the course of the past year, we have been investing in our EMEA general and administrative functions, which has included taking on additional office space to accommodate the headcount growth, as a result of our ongoing efforts to scale this region effectively for growth. Going forward, although we are carefully monitoring our spending given the current economic environment, we expect our EMEA general and administrative expenses to increase in future periods as we continue to scale our operations to support our growth; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease.

 

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Asia-Pacific General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses was primarily due to higher compensation costs, including general salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation and headcount growth (130 Asia-Pacific general and administrative employees as of March 31, 2011 versus 115 as of March 31, 2010). For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses was not significant when compared to average exchange rates of the three months ended March 31, 2010. Going forward, although we are carefully monitoring our spending given the current economic environment, we expect Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses to increase as we continue to scale our operations to support our growth; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease.

Restructuring Charges. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recorded restructuring charges totaling $496,000 related to one-time termination benefits attributed to certain Switch and Data employees. For additional information, see “Restructuring Charges” in Note 12 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We anticipate that we will incur additional restructuring charges in connection with the Switch and Data acquisition related to one-time termination benefits during the second quarter of 2011. During the three months ended March 31, 2010, no restructuring charge was recorded. Our restructuring charges all relate to our Americas region.

Acquisition Costs. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recorded acquisition costs totaling $415,000 primarily attributed to our Americas region related to the ALOG acquisition. During the three months ended March 31, 2010, we recorded acquisition costs totaling $5.0 million, primarily related to the Switch and Data acquisition. We expect to incur some additional acquisition costs related to the ALOG acquisition.

Interest Income. Interest income decreased to $215,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 from $506,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Interest income decreased primarily due to lower invested balances and yields on invested balances. The average yield for the three months ended March 31, 2011 was 0.09% versus 0.19% for the three months ended March 31, 2010. We expect our interest income to remain at these low levels for the foreseeable future due to the impact of a lower interest rate environment, a portfolio more weighted towards short-term U.S. treasuries and from the utilization of cash to finance our expansion activities.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased to $37.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 from $25.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. This increase in interest expense was primarily due to our $750.0 million 8.125% senior notes offering in February 2010 as well as additional financings such as capital lease and other financing obligations to support our expansion projects and additional advances from our new Asia-Pacific financing. This increase was partially offset by repayments of the Chicago IBX financing in March 2010, the European financing in April 2010, the Netherlands financing in June 2010 and mortgage payable in December 2010. During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we capitalized $2.6 million and $3.7 million, respectively, of interest expense to construction in progress. Going forward, we expect to incur higher interest expense as we recognize the full impact of our new Asia-Pacific financing, although this has been partially offset by repayment of debt and capitalized interest. We may also incur additional indebtedness to support our growth, resulting in further interest expense.

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Recovery On Investments. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, no other-than-temporary impairment recovery on investments was recorded. During the three months ended March 31, 2010, we recorded a $3.4 million other-than-temporary impairment recovery on investments due to an additional distribution from one of our money market accounts we had previously written down during 2008 and 2009.

 

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Loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, no loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net was recorded. During the three months ended March 31, 2010, we recorded a $3.4 million loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net, which is comprised of (i) a net gain of $4.0 million representing principal discount and the write-off of related debt issuance costs and (ii) a loss of $7.4 million from the termination of an interest rate swap associated with the Chicago IBX financing as a result of repaying and terminating the Chicago IBX financing in March 2010 and the write-off of interest rate swaps associated with the European financing due to these interest rate swaps no longer being effective hedges as a result of repaying and terminating the European financing in April 2010.

Other Income (Expense). For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we recorded $2.1 million and $20,000 of other income, respectively, primarily due to foreign currency exchange gains during the periods.

Income Taxes. For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we recorded $11.1 million and $8.7 million of income tax expenses, respectively. Our effective tax rates were 30.7% and 37.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. We expect cash income taxes during the remainder of 2011 to increase. The cash taxes for 2011 and 2010 are primarily for state income taxes and foreign income taxes.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We provide all information required in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), but we believe that evaluating our ongoing operating results may be difficult if limited to reviewing only GAAP financial measures. Accordingly, we use non-GAAP financial measures, primarily adjusted EBITDA, to evaluate our operations. We also use adjusted EBITDA as a metric in the determination of employees’ annual bonuses and vesting of restricted stock units that have both a service and performance condition. In presenting adjusted EBITDA, we exclude certain items that we believe are not good indicators of our current or future operating performance. These items are depreciation, amortization, accretion of asset retirement obligations and accrued restructuring charges, stock-based compensation, restructuring charges and acquisition costs. Legislative and regulatory requirements encourage the use of and emphasis on GAAP financial metrics and require companies to explain why non-GAAP financial metrics are relevant to management and investors. We exclude these items in order for our lenders, investors, and industry analysts, who review and report on us, to better evaluate our operating performance and cash spending levels relative to our industry sector and competitors.

For example, we exclude depreciation expense as these charges primarily relate to the initial construction costs of our IBX data centers and do not reflect our current or future cash spending levels to support our business. Our IBX data centers are long-lived assets, and have an economic life greater than 10 years. The construction costs of our IBX data centers do not recur and future capital expenditures remain minor relative to our initial investment. This is a trend we expect to continue. In addition, depreciation is also based on the estimated useful lives of our IBX data centers. These estimates could vary from actual performance of the asset, are based on historical costs incurred to build out our IBX data centers, and are not indicative of current or expected future capital expenditures. Therefore, we exclude depreciation from our operating results when evaluating our operations.

In addition, in presenting the non-GAAP financial measures, we exclude amortization expense related to certain intangible assets, as it represents a cost that may not recur and is not a good indicator of our current or future operating performance. We exclude accretion expense, both as it relates to asset retirement obligations as well as accrued restructuring charge liabilities, as these expenses represent costs which we believe are not meaningful in evaluating our current operations. We exclude non-cash stock-based compensation expense as it represents expense attributed to equity awards that have no current or future cash obligations. As such, we, and many investors and analysts, exclude this stock-based compensation expense when assessing the cash generating performance of our operations. We also exclude restructuring charges from our non-GAAP financial measures. The restructuring charges relate to our decisions to exit leases for excess space adjacent to several of our IBX data centers, which we did not intend to build out or our decision to reverse such restructuring charges, or severance charges related to the Switch and Data acquisition. Finally, we also exclude acquisition costs from our non-GAAP financial measures. The acquisition costs relate to costs we incur in connection with business combinations. Management believes such items as restructuring charges and acquisition costs are non-core transactions; however, these types of costs will or may occur in future periods.

 

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Our management does not itself, nor does it suggest that investors should, consider such non-GAAP financial measures in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. However, we have presented such non-GAAP financial measures to provide investors with an additional tool to evaluate our operating results in a manner that focuses on what management believes to be our core, ongoing business operations. We believe that the inclusion of this non-GAAP financial measure provides consistency and comparability with past reports and provides a better understanding of the overall performance of the business and its ability to perform in subsequent periods. We believe that if we did not provide such non-GAAP financial information, investors would not have all the necessary data to analyze Equinix effectively.

Investors should note, however, that the non-GAAP financial measures used by us may not be the same non-GAAP financial measures, and may not be calculated in the same manner, as that of other companies. In addition, whenever we use non-GAAP financial measures, we provide a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure to the most closely applicable GAAP financial measure. Investors are encouraged to review the related GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.

We define adjusted EBITDA as income or loss from operations plus depreciation, amortization, accretion, stock-based compensation expense, restructuring charges and acquisition costs as presented below (dollars in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011      2010  

Income from operations

   $ 71,305       $ 47,982   

Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense

     79,525         49,322   

Stock-based compensation expense

     15,535         14,974   

Restructuring charges

     496         —     

Acquisitions costs

     415         4,994   
                 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 167,276       $ 117,272   
                 

 

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The geographic split of our adjusted EBITDA is presented below (dollars in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
March 31,
 
     2011      2010  

Americas:

     

Income from operations

   $ 47,319       $ 29,601   

Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense

     53,482         28,174   

Stock-based compensation expense

     11,842         11,013   

Restructuring charges

     496         —     

Acquisitions costs

     366         4,994   
                 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 113,505       $ 73,782   
                 

EMEA:

     

Income from operations

   $ 11,471       $ 8,321   

Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense

     16,844         14,484   

Stock-based compensation expense

     2,295         2,150   

Acquisitions costs

     2         —     
                 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 30,612       $ 24,955   
                 

Asia-Pacific:

     

Income from operations

   $ 12,515       $ 10,060   

Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense

     9,199         6,664   

Stock-based compensation expense

     1,398         1,811   

Acquisitions costs

     47         —     
                 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 23,159       $ 18,535   
                 

Our adjusted EBITDA results have improved each year and in each region due to the improved operating results discussed earlier in “Results of Operations”, as well as the nature of our business model consisting of a recurring revenue stream and a cost structure which has a large base that is fixed in nature that is also discussed earlier in “Overview”. We believe that our adjusted EBITDA results will continue to improve in future periods as we continue to grow our business.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31, 2011, our total indebtedness was comprised of (i) convertible debt principal totaling $1.0 billion from our 2.50% convertible subordinated notes (gross of discount), our 3.00% convertible subordinated notes, and our 4.75% convertible subordinated notes (gross of discount) and (ii) non-convertible debt and financing obligations totaling $1.2 billion consisting of (a) $750.0 million of principal from our senior notes, (b) $146.8 million of principal from our loans payable and (c) $305.3 million from our capital lease and other financing obligations.

We believe we have sufficient cash, coupled with anticipated cash generated from operating activities, to meet our operating requirements, including repayment of our current portion of debt due, and to complete our publicly-announced expansion projects. As of March 31, 2011, we had $456.7 million of cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments. Besides our investment portfolio and any financing activities we may pursue, customer collections are our primary source of cash. While we believe we have a strong customer base and have continued to experience relatively strong collections, if the current market conditions were to deteriorate, some of our customers may have difficulty paying us and we may experience increased churn in our customer base, including reductions in their commitments to us, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity.

 

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As of March 31, 2011, we had a total of approximately $77.3 million of additional liquidity available to us, consisting of (i) approximately $71.0 million under the new Asia-Pacific financing and (ii) $6.3 million under the $25.0 million Bank of America revolving credit line. While we believe we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources to meet our current operating requirements and to complete our publicly-announced IBX expansion plans and the ALOG acquisition, we may pursue additional expansion opportunities, primarily the build-out of new IBX data centers, in certain of our existing markets which are at or near capacity within the next year, as well as potential acquisitions. While we will be able to fund these expansion plans with our existing resources, additional financing, either debt or equity, may be required to pursue certain of these additional expansion plans. However, if current market conditions were to deteriorate, we may be unable to secure additional financing or any such additional financing may only be available to us on unfavorable terms. An inability to pursue additional expansion opportunities will have a material adverse effect on our ability to maintain our desired level of revenue growth in future periods.

Sources and Uses of Cash

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2011     2010  
     (in thousands)  

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 117,770      $ 99,812   

Net cash used in investing activities

     (286,389     (31,557

Net cash provided by financing activities

     26,126        629,796   

Operating Activities. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to improved operating results, partially offset by payments of accounts payable and accrued expenses and payments related to restructuring charges. In addition, the amount of interest paid in cash also increased by $28.4 million as compared to the prior period. We expect that we will continue to generate cash from our operating activities during the remainder of 2011 and beyond.

Investing Activities. The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to $31.7 million of higher capital expenditures as a result of expansion activity, a $94.8 million increase in restricted cash primarily in connection with the Paris 4 IBX financing (see below) and the approximately $15.0 million purchase of the Paris 4 IBX property, as well as $114.5 million of additional net maturities from our investment portfolio in the prior period. For the foreseeable future, we expect that our IBX expansion construction activity will be greater than our 2010 spending levels. If the opportunity to expand is greater than planned and we have sufficient funding to pursue the expansion opportunities available to us, we may further increase the level of capital expenditures to support this growth as well as pursue additional acquisitions or joint ventures.

Financing Activities. The decrease in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to our $750.0 million 8.125% senior notes offering in February 2010, partially offset by repayment of the $110.0 million Chicago IBX financing in March 2010. Going forward, we expect that our financing activities will consist primarily of drawdowns of our new Asia-Pacific financing offset by repayment of our debt for the foreseeable future. Depending on market conditions, we may pursue additional financings in the future.

Debt Obligations

New Asia-Pacific Financing. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we received additional advances totaling approximately $22.7 million under the new Asia-Pacific financing leaving the amount available to borrow totaling approximately $71.0 million. The outstanding loans payable under the new Asia-Pacific financing had a blended interest rate of 4.69% as of March 31, 2011. As of March 31, 2011, we were in compliance with all financial covenants associated with the new Asia-Pacific financing.

 

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Paris 4 IBX Financing. In March 2011, we entered into two agreements with two unrelated parties to purchase and develop a building that will ultimately become our fourth IBX data center in the Paris metro area. The first agreement allowed us the right to purchase the property for a total fee of approximately $21.3 million payable to a company that held exclusive rights (including power rights) to the property and was already in the process of developing the property into a data center and will now, instead, become the anchor tenant in the Paris 4 IBX data center once it is open for business. The second agreement was entered into with the developer of the property and allowed us to take immediate title to the building and associated land and also requires the developer to construct the data center to our specifications and hand over the completed data center to us in July 2012 for a total fee of approximately $107.5 million. Both agreements include extended payment terms. We made payments under both agreements totaling approximately $35.7 million in March 2011 and the remaining payments due totaling approximately $93.1 million are payable on various dates through March 2013, which is referred to as Paris 4 IBX financing. Of the amounts paid or payable under the Paris 4 IBX financing, a total of $15.0 million was allocated to land and building assets, $3.8 million was allocated to a deferred charge, which will be netted against revenue associated with the anchor tenant of the Paris 4 IBX data center over the term of the customer contract, and the remainder totaling $110.0 million was or will be allocated to construction costs inclusive of interest charges. We have imputed an interest rate of 5.90% per annum on the Paris 4 IBX financing and as of March 31, 2011, a total of $12.1 million was outstanding under the Paris 4 IBX financing. We will record additional construction costs and increase the Paris 4 IBX financing liability over the course of the construction period. The Paris 4 IBX financing also required us to post approximately $94.7 million of cash into a restricted cash account as collateral for the developer during the construction period.

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

We lease a majority of our IBX centers and certain equipment under non-cancelable lease agreements expiring through 2035. The following represents our debt maturities, financings, leases and other contractual commitments as of March 31, 2011 (in thousands):

 

     2011
(9 months)
     2012      2013      2014      2015      Thereafter      Total  

Convertible debt (1)

   $ —         $ 250,000       $ —         $ 395,986       $ —         $ 373,750       $ 1,019,736   

Senior notes (1)

     —           —           —           —           —           750,000         750,000   

New Asia-Pacific financing (1)

     10,102         27,884         38,446         38,098         20,190         —           134,720   

Paris 4 IBX financing (2)

     —           85,882         6,673         —           —           —           92,555   

Interest (3)

     68,120         99,120         94,310         89,953         78,860         161,390         591,753   

Capital lease and other financing obligations (4)

     22,253         32,043         32,750         33,590         34,363         267,921         422,920   

Operating leases under accrued restructuring charges (5)

     2,077         2,429         2,444         2,459         1,444         —           10,853   

Operating leases (6)

     87,046         115,879         116,006         110,861         93,054         515,056         1,037,902   

Other contractual commitments (7)

     197,632         37,393         4,256         1,615         —           —           240,896   

Asset retirement obligations (8)

     453         —           1,001         1,224         5,551         41,155         49,384   
                                                              
   $ 387,683       $ 650,630       $ 295,886       $ 673,786       $ 233,462       $ 2,109,272       $ 4,350,719   
                                                              

 

(1) Represents principal only.
(2) Represents total payments to be made to complete the construction of the Paris 4 IBX center.
(3) Represents interest on convertible debt, senior notes and new Asia-Pacific financing based on their approximate interest rates as of March 31, 2011.
(4) Represents principal and interest.
(5) Excludes any subrental income.
(6) Represents minimum operating lease payments, excluding potential lease renewals.
(7) Represents off-balance-sheet arrangements. Other contractual commitments are described below.
(8) Represents liability, net of future accretion expense.

 

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In connection with certain of our leases, we entered into 13 irrevocable letters of credit totaling $18.7 million with Bank of America. These letters of credit were provided in lieu of cash deposits under the $25.0 million Bank of America revolving credit line and automatically renew in successive one-year periods until the final lease expiration date. If the landlords for these IBX leases decide to draw down on these letters of credit triggered by an event of default under the lease, we will be required to fund these letters of credit either through cash collateral or borrowing under the $25.0 million Bank of America revolving credit line. These contingent commitments are not reflected in the table above.

Primarily as a result of our various IBX expansion projects, as of March 31, 2011, we were contractually committed for $204.8 million of unaccrued capital expenditures, primarily for IBX equipment not yet delivered and labor not yet provided in connection with the work necessary to complete construction and open these IBX data centers prior to making them available to customers for installation. This amount, which is expected to be paid during the remainder of 2011 and 2012, is reflected in the table above as “Paris 4 IBX financing” and “other contractual commitments.”

We had other non-capital purchase commitments in place as of March 31, 2011, such as commitments to purchase power in select locations and other open purchase orders, which contractually bind us for goods or services to be delivered or provided during the remainder of 2011 and beyond. Such other purchase commitments as of March 31, 2011, which total $128.6 million, are also reflected in the table above as “other contractual commitments.”

In addition, although we are not contractually obligated to do so, we expect to incur additional capital expenditures of approximately $150.0 million to $200.0 million, in addition to the $204.8 million in contractual commitments discussed above as of March 31, 2011, in our various IBX expansion projects during the remainder of 2011 and thereafter in order to complete the work needed to open these IBX data centers. These non-contractual capital expenditures are not reflected in the table above. If we so choose, whether due to economic factors or other considerations, we could delay these non-contractual capital expenditure commitments to preserve liquidity.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Equinix’s financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions are affected by management’s application of accounting policies. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments. Critical accounting policies for Equinix that affect our more significant judgment and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements include accounting for income taxes, accounting for business combinations, accounting for impairment of goodwill and accounting for property, plant and equipment, which are discussed in more detail under the caption “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, set forth in Part II Item 7, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

While there have been no significant changes in our market risk, investment portfolio risk, interest rate risk, foreign currency risk and commodity price risk exposures and procedures during the three months ended March 31, 2011 as compared to the respective risk exposures and procedures disclosed in Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, set forth in Part II Item 7A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, the U.S. dollar weakened relative to certain of the currencies of the foreign countries in which we operate during the three months ended March 31, 2011. This has significantly impacted our consolidated financial position and results of operations during this period including the amount of revenue that we reported. Continued strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar will continue to have a significant impact to us in future periods.

 

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective based on their evaluation of these controls and procedures required by paragraph (b) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15.

(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

(c) Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls. Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, believes that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting are designed and operated to be effective at the reasonable assurance level. However, our management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

IPO Litigation

On July 30, 2001 and August 8, 2001, putative shareholder class action lawsuits were filed against us, certain of our officers and directors (the “Individual Defendants”), and several investment banks that were underwriters of our initial public offering (the “Underwriter Defendants”). The cases were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Similar lawsuits were filed against approximately 300 other issuers and related parties. These lawsuits have been coordinated before a single judge. The purported class action alleges violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b), Rule 10b-5 and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 against us and the Individual Defendants. The plaintiffs have since dismissed the Individual Defendants without prejudice. The suits allege that the Underwriter Defendants agreed to allocate stock in our initial public offering to certain investors in exchange for excessive and undisclosed commissions and agreements by those investors to make additional purchases in the aftermarket at pre-determined prices. The plaintiffs allege that the prospectus for our initial public offering was false and misleading and in violation of the securities laws because it did not disclose these arrangements. The action seeks damages in an unspecified amount. On February 19, 2003, the court dismissed the Section 10(b) claim against us, but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim.

 

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The parties in the approximately 300 coordinated cases, including the parties in the Equinix case, reached a settlement. It provides for releases of existing claims and claims that could have been asserted relating to the conduct alleged to be wrongful from the class of investors participating in the settlement. The insurers for the issuer defendants in the coordinated cases will make the settlement payment on behalf of the issuers, including Equinix. On October 6, 2009, the Court granted final approval to the settlement. Two appeals are proceeding before the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Plaintiffs have moved to dismiss both appeals.

Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. We are unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. We intend to continue to defend the action vigorously if the settlement does not survive the appeals.

Pihana Litigation

On August 22, 2008, a complaint was filed against Equinix, certain former officers and directors of Pihana Pacific, Inc. (“Pihana”), certain investors in Pihana, and others. The lawsuit was filed in the First Circuit Court of the State of Hawaii, and arises out of December 2002 agreements pursuant to which Equinix merged Pihana and i-STT (a subsidiary of Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte Ltd) into the Internet exchange services business of Equinix. Plaintiffs, who were allegedly holders of Pihana common stock, allege that their rights as shareholders were violated, and the transaction was effectuated improperly, by Pihana’s majority shareholders, officers and directors, with the alleged assistance of Equinix and others. Among other things, plaintiffs contend that they effectively had a right to block the transaction, that this supposed right was disregarded, and that they improperly received no consideration when the deal was completed. The complaint seeks to recover unspecified punitive damages, equitable relief, fees and costs, and compensatory damages in an amount that plaintiffs allegedly “believe may be all or a substantial portion of the approximately $725.0 million value of Equinix held by Defendants” (a group that includes more than 30 individuals and entities). An amended complaint, which adds new plaintiffs (other alleged holders of Pihana common stock) but is otherwise substantially similar to the original pleading, was filed on September 29, 2008 (the “Amended Complaint”). On October 13, 2008, a complaint was filed in a separate action by another purported holder of Pihana common stock, naming the same defendants and asserting substantially similar allegations as the August 22, 2008 and September 29, 2008 pleadings. On December 12, 2008, the court entered a stipulated order, which consolidated the two actions under one case number and set January 22, 2009 as the last day for Defendants to move to dismiss or otherwise respond to the Amended Complaint, the operative complaint in this case. On January 22, 2009, motions to dismiss the Amended Complaint were filed by Equinix and other Defendants. On April 24, 2009, plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Complaint (“SAC”) to correct the naming of certain parties. The SAC is otherwise substantively identical to the Amended Complaint, and all motions to dismiss the Amended Complaint have been treated as responsive to the SAC. On September 1, 2009, the Court heard Defendants’ motions to dismiss the SAC and ruled at the hearing that all claims against all Defendants are time-barred. The Court also considered whether there were further independent grounds for dismissing the claims, and supplemental briefing was submitted with respect to claims against one defendant and plaintiffs’ renewed request for further leave to amend. On March 23, 2010, the Court entered final Orders granting the motions to dismiss as to all Defendants and issued a minute Order denying plaintiffs’ renewed request for further leave to amend. On May 21, 2010, plaintiffs filed a Notice of Appeal, and plaintiffs’ appeal is currently pending before the Hawaii Supreme Court. We believe that plaintiffs’ claims and alleged damages are without merit and we intend to continue to defend the litigation vigorously.

Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. We are unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

 

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Alleged Class Action and Shareholder Derivative Action

On March 4, 2011, an alleged class action entitled Cement Masons & Plasterers Joint Pension Trust v. Equinix, Inc., et al., No. CV-11-1016-SC, was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, against Equinix and two of our officers. The suit asserts purported claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for allegedly misleading statements regarding our business and financial results. The suit is purportedly brought on behalf of purchasers of our common stock between July 29, 2010 and October 5, 2010, and seeks compensatory damages, fees and costs. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.

On March 8, 2011, an alleged shareholder derivative action entitled Rikos v. Equinix, Inc., et al., No. CGC-11-508940, was filed in California Superior Court, County of San Francisco, against Equinix (as a nominal defendant), the members of our board of directors, and two of our officers. The suit is based on allegations similar to those in the federal securities class action and, allegedly on our behalf, asserts purported state law causes of action against the individual defendants for breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets and unjust enrichment. The suit seeks, among other things, compensatory and treble damages, restitution and other equitable relief, and fees and costs. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.

Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of these matters, and are unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information contained in this report, the following risk factors should be considered carefully in evaluating our business and us:

Acquisitions present many risks, and we may not realize the financial or strategic goals that were contemplated at the time of any transaction.

Over the last several years, we have completed several acquisitions, including that of Switch and Data Facilities Company, Inc. in 2010. We also acquired, with RW Brasil Fundo de Investimento em Participações, approximately 90% of the outstanding capital stock of ALOG Data Centers do Brasil S.A. in 2011. We may make additional acquisitions in the future, which may include acquisitions of businesses, products, services or technologies that we believe to be complementary, acquisitions of new IBX data centers or real estate for development of new IBX data centers or through investments in local data center operators. We may pay for future acquisitions by using our existing cash resources (which may limit other potential uses of our cash), incurring additional debt (which may increase our interest expense, leverage and debt service requirements) and/or issuing shares (which may dilute our existing stockholders and have a negative effect on our earnings per share). Acquisitions expose us to several potential risks, including:

 

   

the possible disruption of our ongoing business and diversion of management’s attention by acquisition, transition and integration activities;

 

   

our potential inability to successfully pursue or realize some or all of the anticipated revenue opportunities associated with an acquisition or investment;

 

   

the possibility that we may not be able to successfully integrate acquired businesses, or businesses in which we invest, or achieve anticipated operating efficiencies or cost savings;

 

   

the possibility that announced acquisitions may not be completed, due to failure to satisfy the conditions to closing or for other reasons;

 

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the dilution of our existing stockholders as a result of our issuing stock in transactions, such as our acquisition of Switch and Data, where 80% of the consideration payable to Switch and Data’s stockholders consisted of shares of our common stock;

 

   

the possibility of customer dissatisfaction if we are unable to achieve levels of quality and stability on par with past practices;

 

   

the possibility that our customers may not accept either the existing equipment infrastructure or the “look-and-feel” of a new or different IBX data center;

 

   

the possibility that additional capital expenditures may be required or that transaction expenses associated with acquisitions may be higher than anticipated;

 

   

the possibility that required financing to fund an acquisition may not be available on acceptable terms or at all;

 

   

the possibility that we may be unable to obtain required approvals from governmental authorities under antitrust and competition laws on a timely basis or at all, which could, among other things, delay or prevent us from completing an acquisition, limit our ability to realize the expected financial or strategic benefits of an acquisition or have other adverse effects on our current business and operations;

 

   

the possible loss or reduction in value of acquired businesses;

 

   

the possibility that carriers may find it cost-prohibitive or impractical to bring fiber and networks into a new IBX data center;

 

   

the possibility of litigation or other claims in connection with or as a result of an acquisition, including claims from terminated employees, customers, former stockholders or other third parties; and

 

   

the possibility of pre-existing undisclosed liabilities, including but not limited to lease or landlord related liability, environmental or asbestos liability, for which insurance coverage may be insufficient or unavailable.

The occurrence of any of these risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

We cannot assure you that the price of any future acquisitions of IBX data centers will be similar to prior IBX data center acquisitions. In fact, we expect costs required to build or render new IBX data centers operational to increase in the future. If our revenue does not keep pace with these potential acquisition and expansion costs, we may not be able to maintain our current or expected margins as we absorb these additional expenses. There is no assurance we would successfully overcome these risks or any other problems encountered with these acquisitions.

Our substantial debt could adversely affect our cash flows and limit our flexibility to raise additional capital.

We have a significant amount of debt and expect to incur additional debt to support our growth. As of March 31, 2011, our total indebtedness was approximately $2.1 billion, our stockholders’ equity was $2.0 billion and our cash and investments totaled $456.7 million.

Our substantial amount of debt could have important consequences. For example, it could:

 

   

require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to make interest and principal payments on our debt, reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund future capital expenditures, working capital, execution of our expansion strategy and other general corporate requirements;

 

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make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under our various debt instruments;

 

   

increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions and adverse changes in governmental regulations;

 

   

limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and industry, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage compared with our competitors;

 

   

limit our ability to borrow additional funds, even when necessary to maintain adequate liquidity, which would also limit our ability to further expand our business; and

 

   

make us more vulnerable to increases in interest rates because of the variable interest rates on some of our borrowings to the extent we have not entirely hedged such variable rate debt.

The occurrence of any of the foregoing factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, the performance of our stock price may trigger events that would require the write-off of a significant portion of our debt issuance costs related to our convertible debt, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

We may also need to refinance a portion of our outstanding debt as it matures, such as our $250.0 million 2.50% convertible subordinated notes due in 2012. There is a risk that we may not be able to refinance existing debt or that the terms of any refinancing may not be as favorable as the terms of our existing debt. Furthermore, if prevailing interest rates or other factors at the time of refinancing result in higher interest rates upon refinancing, then the interest expense relating to that refinanced indebtedness would increase. These risks could materially adversely affect our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.

The uncertain economic environment may continue to have an impact on our business and financial condition.

The uncertain economic environment could have an adverse effect on our liquidity. Customer collections are our primary source of cash. While we believe we have a strong customer base and have continued to experience strong collections, if the current market conditions were to worsen, some of our customers may have difficulty paying us. As a result, we may experience increased churn in our customer base, including reductions in their commitments to us. We may also be required to further increase our allowance for doubtful accounts, which would negatively impact our results. Our sales cycle could also be further lengthened if customers slow spending, or delay decision-making, on our products and services, which could adversely affect our revenue growth. In addition, we could experience pricing pressure as a result of economic conditions if our competitors lower prices and attempt to lure away our customers with lower cost solutions.

The uncertain economic environment could also have an impact on our foreign exchange forward contracts if our counterparties’ credit deteriorates further or they are otherwise unable to perform their obligations.

Finally, our ability to access the capital markets may be severely restricted at a time when we would like, or need, to do so which could have an impact on our flexibility to pursue additional expansion opportunities and maintain our desired level of revenue growth in the future.

The market price of our stock may continue to be highly volatile, and the value of an investment in our common stock may decline.

Since January 1, 2010, the closing sale price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market has ranged from $70.34 to $109.56 per share. The market price of the shares of our common stock has been and may continue to be highly volatile. General economic and market conditions, and market conditions for telecommunications stocks in general, may affect the market price of our common stock.

 

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Announcements by others or us may also have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock. These announcements may relate to:

 

   

our operating results or forecasts;

 

   

new issuances of equity, debt or convertible debt by us;

 

   

developments in our relationships with corporate customers;

 

   

announcements by our customers or competitors;

 

   

changes in regulatory policy or interpretation;

 

   

governmental investigations;

 

   

changes in the ratings of our debt or stock by rating agencies or securities analysts;

 

   

our purchase or development of real estate and/or additional IBX data centers;

 

   

our acquisitions of complementary businesses; or

 

   

the operational performance of our IBX data centers.

The stock market has from time to time experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, which have particularly affected the market prices for emerging telecommunications companies, and which have often been unrelated to their operating performance. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Furthermore, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and/or damages, and divert management’s attention from other business concerns, which could seriously harm our business.

If we are not able to generate sufficient operating cash flows or obtain external financing, our ability to fund incremental expansion plans may be limited.

Our capital expenditures, together with ongoing operating expenses and obligations to service our debt, will be a substantial drain on our cash flow and may decrease our cash balances. Additional debt or equity financing may not be available when needed or, if available, may not be available on satisfactory terms. Our inability to obtain additional debt and/or equity financing or to generate sufficient cash from operations may require us to prioritize projects or curtail capital expenditures which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates in the markets in which we operate internationally could harm our results of operations.

We may experience gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. To date, the majority of our revenues and costs are denominated in U.S. dollars; however, the majority of revenues and costs in our international operations are denominated in foreign currencies. Where our prices are denominated in U.S. dollars, our sales could be adversely affected by declines in foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar, thereby making our products and services more expensive in local currencies. We are also exposed to risks resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates in connection with our international expansions. To the extent we are paying contractors in foreign currencies, our expansions could cost more than anticipated as a result of declines in the U.S dollar relative to foreign currencies. In addition, fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates have a direct impact on how our international results of operations translate into U.S. dollars.

 

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Although we have in the past, and may decide in the future, to undertake foreign exchange hedging transactions to reduce foreign currency transaction exposure, we do not currently intend to eliminate all foreign currency transaction exposure. For example, while we hedge certain of our foreign currency assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet, we do not hedge revenue. Therefore, any weakness of the U.S. dollar may have a positive impact on our consolidated results of operations because the currencies in the foreign countries in which we operate may translate into more U.S. dollars. However, if the U.S. dollar strengthens relative to the currencies of the foreign countries in which we operate our consolidated financial position and results of operations may be negatively impacted as amounts in foreign currencies will generally translate into fewer U.S. dollars. For additional information on foreign currency risk, refer to our discussion of foreign currency risk in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” included in Part I, Item 3 of this Quarterly Report.

We are continuing to invest in our expansion efforts but may not have sufficient customer demand in the future to realize expected returns on these investments.

We are considering the acquisition or lease of additional properties and the construction of new IBX data centers beyond those expansion projects already announced. We will be required to commit substantial operational and financial resources to these IBX data centers, generally 12 to 18 months in advance of securing customer contracts, and we may not have sufficient customer demand in those markets to support these centers once they are built. In addition, unanticipated technological changes could affect customer requirements for data centers, and we may not have built such requirements into our new IBX data centers. Either of these contingencies, if they were to occur, could make it difficult for us to realize expected or reasonable returns on these investments.

Our products and services have a long sales cycle that may harm our revenues and operating results.

A customer’s decision to license cabinet space in one of our IBX data centers and to purchase additional services typically involves a significant commitment of resources. In addition, some customers will be reluctant to commit to locating in our IBX data centers until they are confident that the IBX data center has adequate carrier connections. As a result, we have a long sales cycle. Furthermore, we may expend significant time and resources in pursuing a particular sale or customer that does not result in revenue. We are also planning significant hiring in our sales force for 2011. It will take time for these new hires to become fully productive.

The current economic downturn may further impact this long sales cycle by making it extremely difficult for customers to accurately forecast and plan future business activities. This could cause customers to slow spending, or delay decision-making, on our products and services, which would delay and lengthen our sales cycle.

Delays due to the length of our sales cycle may materially and adversely affect our revenues and operating results, which could harm our ability to meet our forecasts for a given quarter and cause volatility in our stock price.

We have incurred substantial losses in the past and may incur additional losses in the future.

As of March 31, 2011, our accumulated deficit was $324.0 million. Although we have generated net income for each fiscal year since 2008, which was our first full year of net income since our inception, we are also currently investing heavily in our future growth through the build-out of multiple additional IBX data centers and IBX data center expansions as well as acquisitions of complementary businesses. As a result, we will incur higher depreciation and other operating expenses, as well as acquisition costs and interest expense, that may negatively impact our ability to sustain profitability in future periods unless and until these new IBX data centers generate enough revenue to exceed their operating costs and cover our additional overhead needed to scale our business for this anticipated growth. The current global financial crisis may also impact our ability to sustain profitability if we cannot generate sufficient revenue to offset the increased costs of our recently-opened IBX data centers or IBX data centers currently under construction. In addition, costs associated with the acquisition and integration of any acquired companies, as well as the additional interest expense associated with debt financing we have undertaken to fund our growth initiatives, may also negatively impact our ability to sustain profitability. Finally, given the competitive and evolving nature of the industry in which we operate, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.

 

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Any failure of our physical infrastructure or services could lead to significant costs and disruptions that could reduce our revenue and harm our business reputation and financial results.

Our business depends on providing customers with highly reliable service. We must protect our customers’ IBX infrastructure and their equipment located in our IBX data centers. While we own certain of our IBX data centers, others are leased by us, and we rely on the landlord for basic maintenance of the property. If such landlord has not maintained a leased property sufficiently, we may be forced into an early exit from the center which could be disruptive to our business. Furthermore, we continue to acquire IBX data centers not built by us. If we discover that these IBX data centers and their infrastructure assets are not in the condition we expected when they were acquired, we may be required to incur substantial additional costs to repair or upgrade the centers.

The services we provide in each of our IBX data centers are subject to failure resulting from numerous factors, including:

 

   

human error;

 

   

equipment failure;

 

   

physical, electronic and cybersecurity breaches;

 

   

fire, earthquake, hurricane, flood, tornado and other natural disasters;

 

   

extreme temperatures;

 

   

water damage;

 

   

fiber cuts;

 

   

power loss;

 

   

terrorist acts;

 

   

sabotage and vandalism; and

 

   

failure of business partners who provide our resale products.

Problems at one or more of our IBX data centers, whether or not within our control, could result in service interruptions or significant equipment damage. We have service level commitment obligations to certain of our customers, including our significant customers. As a result, service interruptions or significant equipment damage in our IBX data centers could result in difficulty maintaining service level commitments to these customers and potential claims related to such failures. Because our IBX data centers are critical to many of our customers’ businesses, service interruptions or significant equipment damage in our IBX data centers could also result in lost profits or other indirect or consequential damages to our customers. We cannot guarantee that a court would enforce any contractual limitations on our liability in the event that one of our customers brings a lawsuit against us as a result of a problem at one of our IBX data centers.

 

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We may incur significant liabilities to our customers in connection with a loss of power or our failure to meet other service level commitment obligations, or if we are held liable for a substantial damage award. In addition, any loss of service, equipment damage or inability to meet our service level commitment obligations could reduce the confidence of our customers and could consequently impair our ability to obtain and retain customers, which would adversely affect both our ability to generate revenues and our operating results.

We may also incur significant liability in the event of an earthquake, particularly in one of the high hazard zones for earth movement which include, but are not limited to, California, Japan, the New Madrid Seismic Zone and the Pacific Northwest Seismic Zone, where insurance coverage for earthquakes can be extremely expensive. While we purchase minimal levels of earthquake coverage for certain of our IBX data centers in California, at other California IBX data centers and in other high hazard zones we have elected to self-insure. In the event of a large earthquake in any of these locations, we may find our insurance coverage to be inadequate to cover our damages, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.

The shortage of electricity supply and other aftermath caused by the recent Japanese earthquake and resulting tsunami may affect our business operations. We have two IBX centers close to Tokyo, Japan, one in Heiwajima and one in Shinagawa plus a third data center under construction in Tokyo. As of the date of this filing, all of our Japanese employees are reported safe and our centers are operational. However, there can be no assurances that future operations and revenue may not be seriously affected by, among other things, the potential of the shortage of electricity power supply in Japan as well as the potential of a nuclear reactor disaster occurring at a power plant within one hundred and forty miles of our IBX centers. These occurring or potential events may seriously damage our ability to conduct business in Japan or, in the worst case, cause operations to completely cease with our Japanese revenue suffering a material downturn.

Furthermore, we are dependent upon Internet service providers, telecommunications carriers and other website operators in the Americas region, Asia-Pacific region, EMEA and elsewhere, some of which have experienced significant system failures and electrical outages in the past. Users of our services may in the future experience difficulties due to system failures unrelated to our systems and services. If for any reason, these providers fail to provide the required services, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.

Our construction of additional new IBX data centers, or IBX data center expansions, could involve significant risks to our business.

In order to sustain our growth in certain of our existing and new markets, we must either expand an existing data center, lease a new facility or acquire suitable land with or without structures to build new IBX data centers from the ground up. Expansions or new builds are currently underway, or being contemplated, in many of our markets. Any related construction requires us to carefully select and rely on the experience of one or more general contractors, designers and associated subcontractors during the design and construction process. Should a general contractor, designer or significant subcontractor experience financial or other problems during the design or construction process, we could experience significant delays, increased costs to complete the project and other negative impacts to our expected returns. Site selection is also a critical factor in our expansion plans, and there may not be suitable properties available in our markets with the necessary combination of high power capacity and fiber connectivity.

While we may prefer to locate new IBX data centers adjacent to our existing locations, we may be limited by the inventory and location of suitable properties, as well as by the need for adequate power and fiber to the site. In the event we decide to build new IBX data centers separate from our existing IBX data centers, we may provide services to interconnect these two centers. Should these services not provide the necessary reliability to sustain service, this could result in lower interconnection revenue and lower margins and could have a negative impact on customer retention over time.

 

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Environmental regulations may impose upon us new or unexpected costs.

We are subject to various federal, state, local and foreign environmental and health and safety laws and regulations, including those relating to the generation, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes. Certain of these laws and regulations also impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault, for investigation and cleanup costs on current and former owners and operators of real property and persons who have disposed of or released hazardous substances into the environment. Our operations involve the use of hazardous substances and materials such as petroleum fuel for emergency generators, as well as batteries, cleaning solutions and other materials. In addition, we lease, own or operate real property at which hazardous substances and regulated materials have been used in the past. At some of our locations, hazardous substances or regulated materials are known to be present in soil or groundwater and there may be additional unknown hazardous substances or regulated materials present at sites we own, operate or lease. At some of our locations, there are land use restrictions in place relating to earlier environmental cleanups that do not materially limit our use of the sites. To the extent any hazardous substances or any other substance or material must be cleaned up or removed from our property, we may be responsible under applicable laws, regulations or leases for the removal or cleanup of such substances or materials, the cost of which could be substantial.

In addition, we are subject to environmental, health and safety laws regulating air emissions, storm water management and other issues arising in our business. While these obligations do not normally impose material costs upon our operations, unexpected events, equipment malfunctions and human error, among other factors, can lead to violations of environmental laws, regulations or permits. Furthermore, environmental laws and regulations change frequently and may require additional investment to maintain compliance. Noncompliance with existing, or adoption of more stringent, environmental or health and safety laws and regulations or the discovery of previously unknown contamination could require us to incur costs or become the basis of new or increased liabilities that could be material.

Fossil fuel combustion creates greenhouse gas emissions that are linked to global climate change. Regulations to limit greenhouse gas emissions are in force in the European Union in an effort to prevent or reduce climate change. In the United States, federal legislative proposals have been considered that would, if adopted, implement some form of regulation or taxation to reduce or mitigate greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions. In addition, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) is taking steps towards using its existing authority under the Clean Air Act to regulate GHG emissions. On June 3, 2010, EPA published a final rule, known as the Tailoring Rule, setting forth the permitting program for regulating GHG emissions from major stationary sources. These permitting requirements will include, but are not limited to, meeting the best available control technologies for GHG emissions, and monitoring, reporting and recordkeeping for GHG emissions. The first steps of the program became effective January 2, 2011, and apply to large sources of GHGs such as, for example, fossil-fueled electricity generating facilities, that are already subject to Clean Air Act major source permits for their emission of non-greenhouse gas air pollutants (such as sulfur dioxide or particulate matter). The second step of the permitting program is effective July 1, 2011, and applies to the construction a new facility that will emit 100,000 tons per year or more of carbon dioxide equivalent (“CO2e”, a unit of measurement for GHGs) or to the modification of an existing facility that results in an increase of GHG emissions by 75,000 tons per year of CO2e. There is a small-source exception to the Tailoring Rule that we believe applies to our facilities. Under the exception, no source with emissions below 50,000 tons per year of CO2e or any modification resulting in an increase of less than 50,000 tons per year of CO2e will be subject to PSD or Title V permitting before at least April 30, 2016. EPA also announced plans in the final rule to develop permitting requirements for smaller sources of GHGs after the expiration of the small-source exception, which could potentially affect our facilities. We will continue to monitor the developments of this regulatory program to evaluate its impact on our facilities and business.

 

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Several states within the United States have adopted laws intended to limit fossil fuel consumption and/or encourage renewable energy development for the same purpose. For example, California enacted AB-32, the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, prescribing a statewide cap on global warming pollution with a goal of reaching 1990 GHG emission levels by 2020 and 80% below 1990 levels by 2050 and establishing a mandatory emissions reporting program. On December 16, 2010, the California Air Resources Board adopted the initial elements of a cap-and-trade program to implement AB-32, which will establish an auction to allocate allowances for GHG emissions, and will establish a minimum price for such allowances. This cap-and-trade regulation is intended to take effect January 1, 2012, and will increase our electricity costs by an amount that cannot yet be determined, but could exceed 5% of our costs of electricity at our California locations.

Federal, regional, state and international regulatory programs to address climate change are still developing. In their final form, they may include a tax on carbon, a carbon “cap-and-trade” market, and/or other restrictions on carbon and GHG emissions. The area of GHG limitations and regulation is rapidly changing and will continue to change as additional legislation is considered and adopted, and regulations are finalized that implement existing law. For example, the United Kingdom is in the process of implementing the mandatory Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency Scheme (“CRC”), which requires certain public and private sector organizations that are consumers of large amounts of electricity to register with the program, participate in energy-saving activities and reduce their GHG emissions. The CRC became effective April 1, 2010, and qualifying organizations were required to register by September 30, 2010, which we have done. The United Kingdom Government has announced a review of the mechanics of the CRC, but retained that the first relevant period for the operation of the CRC remains and will start on April 2011 and require us to monitor power usage from April 2011 onwards. We are monitoring developments and continuing to evaluate the extent of our obligations and the implications for our business in the United Kingdom, and we are communicating with customers accordingly.

We do not anticipate that climate change-related laws and regulations would directly limit the emissions of GHG by our operations. We could, however, be directly subject to taxes, fees or costs, or could indirectly be required to reimburse electricity providers for such costs that would represent the amount of GHG we emit. The expected controls on GHG emissions are likely to increase the costs of electricity or fossil fuels, and these cost increases could materially increase our costs of operation or limit the availability of electricity or emergency generator fuels. The physical impacts of climate change, including extreme weather conditions such as heat waves, could materially increase our costs of operation due to, for example, an increase in our energy use in order to maintain the temperature and internal environment of our data centers necessary for our operations. To the extent any environmental laws enacted or regulations impose new or unexpected costs, our business, results of operations or financial condition may be adversely affected.

We may not be able to compete successfully against current and future competitors.

Our IBX data centers and other products and services must be able to differentiate themselves from those of other providers of space and services for telecommunications companies, webhosting companies and other colocation providers. In addition to competing with neutral colocation providers, we must compete with traditional colocation providers, including telecom companies, carriers, Internet service providers and webhosting facilities. Similarly, with respect to our other products and services, including managed services, bandwidth services and security services, we must compete with more established providers of similar services. Most of these companies have longer operating histories and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than us.

Because of their greater financial resources, some of our competitors have the ability to adopt aggressive pricing policies, especially if they have been able to restructure their debt or other obligations. As a result, in the future, we may suffer from pricing pressure that would adversely affect our ability to generate revenues and adversely affect our operating results. In addition, these competitors could offer colocation on neutral terms, and may start doing so in the same metropolitan areas in which we have IBX data centers. Some of these competitors may also provide our target customers with additional benefits, including bundled communication services, and may do so in a manner that is more attractive to our potential customers than obtaining space in our IBX data centers. If these competitors were able to adopt aggressive pricing policies together with offering colocation space, our ability to generate revenues may be materially and adversely affected.

 

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We may also face competition from persons seeking to replicate our IBX data center concept by building new data centers or converting existing data centers that some of our competitors are in the process of divesting. We may continue to see increased competition for data center space and customers from large REITS who also operate in our market. We may experience competition from our landlords, some of which are REITS, in this regard. Rather than leasing available space in our buildings to large single tenants, they may decide to convert the space instead to smaller square foot units designed for multi-tenant colocation use. Landlords/REITS may enjoy a cost effective advantage in providing services similar to those provided by our IBX data centers, and in addition to the risk of losing customers to these parties, this could also reduce the amount of space available to us for expansion in the future. Competitors may operate more successfully or form alliances to acquire significant market share. Furthermore, enterprises that have already invested substantial resources in outsourcing arrangements may be reluctant or slow to replace, limit or compete with their existing systems by becoming a customer. Customers may also decide it is cost-effective for them to build out their own data centers, which could have a negative impact on our results of operations. In addition, other companies may be able to attract the same potential customers that we are targeting. Once customers are located in competitors’ facilities, it may be extremely difficult to convince them to relocate to our IBX data centers.

Our business could be harmed by prolonged electrical power outages or shortages, increased costs of energy or general lack of availability of electrical resources.

Our IBX data centers are susceptible to regional costs of power, electrical power shortages, planned or unplanned power outages and limitations, especially internationally, on the availability of adequate power resources.

Power outages, such as those that occurred in California during 2001, the Northeast in 2003, from the tornados on the U.S. east coast in 2004, and relating to the earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011, could harm our customers and our business. We attempt to limit exposure to system downtime by using backup generators and power supplies; however, we may not be able to limit our exposure entirely even with these protections in place, as was the case with the power outages we experienced in our Chicago and Washington, D.C. metro area IBX data centers in 2005, London metro area IBX data centers in 2007 and Paris metro area IBX data centers in 2009.

In addition, global fluctuations in the price of power can increase the cost of energy, and although contractual price increase clauses exist in the majority of our customer agreements, we may not always choose to pass these increased costs on to our customers.

In each of our markets, we rely on third parties to provide a sufficient amount of power for current and future customers. At the same time, power and cooling requirements are growing on a per unit basis. As a result, some customers are consuming an increasing amount of power per cabinet. We generally do not control the amount of electric power our customers draw from their installed circuits. This means that we could face power limitations in our centers. This could have a negative impact on the effective available capacity of a given center and limit our ability to grow our business, which could have a negative impact on our financial performance, operating results and cash flows.

We may also have difficulty obtaining sufficient power capacity for potential expansion sites in new or existing markets. We may experience significant delays and substantial increased costs demanded by the utilities to provide the level of electrical service required by our current IBX data center designs.

We are exposed to potential risks from errors in our financial reporting systems and controls, including the potential for material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements.

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires companies to evaluate their internal controls over financial reporting. Although we received an unqualified opinion regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, in the course of our ongoing evaluation we have identified certain areas where we would like to improve and we are in the process of evaluating and designing enhanced processes and controls to address such areas, none of which we believe constitutes a material change. However, we cannot be certain that our efforts will be effective or sufficient for us, or our independent registered public accounting firm, to issue unqualified reports in the future, especially as our business continues to grow and evolve and as we acquire other businesses.

 

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Our ability to manage our operations and growth will require us to improve our operational, financial and management controls, as well as our internal reporting systems and controls. We may not be able to implement improvements to our internal reporting systems and controls in an efficient and timely manner and have in the past, and may in the future, discover deficiencies in existing systems and controls. In addition, internal reporting systems and controls are subject to human error. Any such deficiencies could result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements, which might involve restating previously issued financial statements. Additionally, as we expand, we will need to implement new systems to support our financial reporting systems and controls. We may not be able to implement these systems such that errors would be identified in a timely manner, which could result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements.

If we cannot effectively manage our international operations, and successfully implement our international expansion plans, our revenues may not increase and our business and results of operations would be harmed.

For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, we recognized 38%, 39% and 37%, respectively, of our revenues outside the U.S. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recognized 36% of our revenues outside the U.S. We currently operate outside of the Americas in the EMEA and Asia-Pacific regions. In April 2011, we expanded into South America through an investment in ALOG Data Centers of Brazil S.A.

To date, the network neutrality of our IBX data centers and the variety of networks available to our customers has often been a competitive advantage for us. In certain of our acquired IBX data centers in the Asia-Pacific region the limited number of carriers available reduces that advantage. As a result, we may need to adapt our key revenue-generating services and pricing to be competitive in those markets. In addition, we are currently undergoing expansions or evaluating expansion opportunities in the EMEA and Asia-Pacific regions. Undertaking and managing expansions in foreign jurisdictions may present unanticipated challenges to us.

Our international operations are generally subject to a number of additional risks, including:

 

   

the costs of customizing IBX data centers for foreign countries;

 

   

protectionist laws and business practices favoring local competition;

 

   

greater difficulty or delay in accounts receivable collection;

 

   

difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, including negotiating with foreign labor unions or workers’ councils;

 

   

difficulties in managing across cultures and in foreign languages;

 

   

political and economic instability;

 

   

fluctuations in currency exchange rates;

 

   

difficulties in repatriating funds from certain countries;

 

   

our ability to obtain, transfer, or maintain licenses required by governmental entities with respect to our business;

 

   

unexpected changes in regulatory, tax and political environments;

 

   

our ability to secure and maintain the necessary physical and telecommunications infrastructure;

 

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compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; and

 

   

compliance with evolving governmental regulation with which we have little experience.

In addition, compliance with international and U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our international operations increases our cost of doing business in foreign jurisdictions. These laws and regulations include data privacy requirements, labor relations laws, tax laws, anti-competition regulations, import and trade restrictions, export requirements, U.S. laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and local laws which also prohibit corrupt payments to governmental officials. Violations of these laws and regulations could result in fines, criminal sanctions against us, our officers or our employees, and prohibitions on the conduct of our business. Any such violations could include prohibitions on our ability to offer our services in one or more countries, could delay or prevent potential acquisitions, and could also materially damage our reputation, our brand, our international expansion efforts, our ability to attract and retain employees, our business and our operating results. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to anticipate and address these risks and manage these difficulties.

Economic uncertainty in developing markets could adversely affect our revenue and earnings.

We conduct business and plan to expand in developing markets with economies that tend to be more volatile than those in the United States and Western Europe. The risk of doing business in developing markets such as China, Brazil, United Arab Emirates and other economically volatile areas could adversely affect our operations and earnings. Such risks include the financial instability among customers in these regions, political instability, fraud or corruption and other non-economic factors such as irregular trade flows that need to be managed successfully with the help of the local governments. In addition, commercial laws in some developing countries can be vague, inconsistently administered and retroactively applied. If we are deemed not to be in compliance with applicable laws in developing countries where we conduct business, our prospects and business in those countries could be harmed, which could then have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial position. Our failure to successfully manage economic, political and other risks relating to doing business in developing countries and economically and politically volatile areas could adversely affect our business.

The increased use of high power density equipment may limit our ability to fully utilize our IBX data centers.

Customers are increasing their use of high-density electrical power equipment, such as blade servers, in our IBX data centers which has significantly increased the demand for power on a per cabinet basis. Because many of our IBX data centers were built a number of years ago, the current demand for electrical power may exceed the designed electrical capacity in these centers. As electrical power, not space, is a limiting factor in many of our IBX data centers, our ability to fully utilize those IBX data centers may be limited. The availability of sufficient power may also pose a risk to the successful operation of our new IBX data centers. The ability to increase the power capacity of an IBX data center, should we decide to, is dependent on several factors including, but not limited to, the local utility’s ability to provide additional power; the length of time required to provide such power; and/or whether it is feasible to upgrade the electrical infrastructure of an IBX data center to deliver additional power to customers. Although we are currently designing and building to a much higher power specification, there is a risk that demand will continue to increase and our IBX data centers could become obsolete sooner than expected.

We expect our operating results to fluctuate.

We have experienced fluctuations in our results of operations on a quarterly and annual basis. The fluctuations in our operating results may cause the market price of our common stock to be volatile. We may experience significant fluctuations in our operating results in the foreseeable future due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to:

 

   

fluctuations of foreign currencies in the markets in which we operate;

 

   

the timing and magnitude of depreciation and interest expense or other expenses related to the acquisition, purchase or construction of additional IBX data centers or the upgrade of existing IBX data centers;

 

   

demand for space, power and services at our IBX data centers;

 

   

changes in general economic conditions, such as the current economic downturn, and specific market conditions in the telecommunications and Internet industries, both of which may have an impact on our customer base;

 

   

charges to earnings resulting from past acquisitions due to, among other things, impairment of goodwill or intangible assets, reduction in the useful lives of intangible assets acquired, identification of additional assumed contingent liabilities or revised estimates to restructure an acquired company’s operations;

 

   

the duration of the sales cycle for our services and our ability to ramp our newly-hired sales persons to full productivity within the time period we have forecasted;

 

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restructuring charges or reversals of existing restructuring charges, which may be necessary due to revised sublease assumptions, changes in strategy or otherwise;

 

   

acquisitions or dispositions we may make;

 

   

the financial condition and credit risk of our customers;

 

   

the provision of customer discounts and credits;

 

   

the mix of current and proposed products and services and the gross margins associated with our products and services;

 

   

the timing required for new and future centers to open or become fully utilized;

 

   

competition in the markets in which we operate;

 

   

conditions related to international operations;

 

   

increasing repair and maintenance expenses in connection with aging IBX data centers;

 

   

lack of available capacity in our existing IBX data centers to generate new revenue or delays in opening up new or acquired IBX data centers that delay our ability to generate new revenue in markets which have otherwise reached capacity;

 

   

changes in rent expense as we amend our IBX data center leases in connection with extending their lease terms when their initial lease term expiration dates approach or changes in shared operating costs in connection with our leases, which are commonly referred to as common area maintenance expenses;

 

   

the timing and magnitude of other operating expenses, including taxes, expenses related to the expansion of sales, marketing, operations and acquisitions, if any, of complementary businesses and assets;

 

   

the cost and availability of adequate public utilities, including power;

 

   

changes in employee stock-based compensation;

 

   

overall inflation;

 

   

increasing interest expense due to any increases in interest rates and/or potential additional debt financings;

 

   

changes in income tax benefit or expense; and

 

   

changes in or new generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the U.S. as periodically released by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).

Any of the foregoing factors, or other factors discussed elsewhere in this report, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Although we have experienced growth in revenues in recent quarters, this growth rate is not necessarily indicative of future operating results. Prior to 2008, we had generated net losses every fiscal year since inception. It is possible that we may not be able to generate net income on a quarterly or annual basis in the future. In addition, a relatively large portion of our expenses are fixed in the short-term, particularly with respect to lease and personnel expenses, depreciation and amortization and interest expenses. Therefore, our results of operations are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in revenues. As such, comparisons to prior reporting periods should not be relied upon as indications of our future performance. In addition, our operating results in one or more future quarters may fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors. If this occurs, we could experience an immediate and significant decline in the trading price of our securities.

 

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The failure to obtain favorable terms when we renew our IBX data center leases could harm our business and results of operations.

While we own certain of our IBX data centers, others are leased under long-term arrangements with lease terms expiring at various dates ranging from 2011 to 2035. These leased centers have all been subject to significant development by us in order to convert them from, in most cases, vacant buildings or warehouses into IBX data centers. Most of our IBX data center leases have renewal options available to us. However, many of these renewal options provide for rent set at then-prevailing market rates. To the extent that then-prevailing market rates are higher than present rates, these higher costs may adversely impact our business and results of operations.

We depend on a number of third parties to provide Internet connectivity to our IBX data centers; if connectivity is interrupted or terminated, our operating results and cash flow could be materially and adversely affected.

The presence of diverse telecommunications carriers’ fiber networks in our IBX data centers is critical to our ability to retain and attract new customers. We are not a telecommunications carrier, and as such we rely on third parties to provide our customers with carrier services. We believe that the availability of carrier capacity will directly affect our ability to achieve our projected results. We rely primarily on revenue opportunities from the telecommunications carriers’ customers to encourage them to invest the capital and operating resources required to connect from their centers to our IBX data centers. Carriers will likely evaluate the revenue opportunity of an IBX data center based on the assumption that the environment will be highly competitive. We cannot provide assurance that each and every carrier will elect to offer its services within our IBX data centers or that once a carrier has decided to provide Internet connectivity to our IBX data centers that it will continue to do so for any period of time.

Our new IBX data centers require construction and operation of a sophisticated redundant fiber network. The construction required to connect multiple carrier facilities to our IBX data centers is complex and involves factors outside of our control, including regulatory processes and the availability of construction resources. Any hardware or fiber failures on this network may result in significant loss of connectivity to our new IBX data center expansions. This could affect our ability to attract new customers to these IBX data centers or retain existing customers.

If the establishment of highly diverse Internet connectivity to our IBX data centers does not occur, is materially delayed or is discontinued, or is subject to failure, our operating results and cash flow will be adversely affected.

We may be vulnerable to security breaches which could disrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our financial performance and operating results.

A party who is able to compromise the security measures on our networks or the security of our infrastructure could misappropriate either our proprietary information or the personal information of our customers, or cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations. We may be required to expend significant capital and resources to protect against such threats or to alleviate problems caused by breaches in security. As techniques used to breach security change frequently, and are generally not recognized until launched against a target, we may not be able to implement security measures in a timely manner or, if and when implemented, we may not be certain whether these measures could be circumvented. Any breaches that may occur could expose us to increased risk of lawsuits, regulatory penalties, loss of existing or potential customers, harm to our reputation and increases in our security costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance and operating results.

 

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We have government customers, which subjects us to risks including early termination, audits, investigations, sanctions and penalties.

We derive some revenues from contracts with the U.S. government, state and local governments and their respective agencies. Some of these customers may terminate all or part of their contracts at any time, without cause.

There is increased pressure for governments and their agencies, both domestically and internationally, to reduce spending. Some of our federal government contracts are subject to the approval of appropriations being made by the U.S. Congress to fund the expenditures under these contracts. Similarly, some of our contracts at the state and local levels are subject to government funding authorizations.

Additionally, government contracts are generally subject to audits and investigations which could result in various civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, refund of a portion of fees received, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspensions or debarment from future government business.

Because we depend on the development and growth of a balanced customer base, including key magnet customers, failure to attract and retain this base of customers could harm our business and operating results.

Our ability to maximize revenues depends on our ability to develop and grow a balanced customer base, consisting of a variety of companies, including enterprises, cloud, digital content and financial companies, and network service providers. We consider certain of these customers to be key magnets in that they draw in other customers. The more balanced the customer base within each IBX data center, the better we will be able to generate significant interconnection revenues, which in turn increases our overall revenues. Our ability to attract customers to our IBX data centers will depend on a variety of factors, including the presence of multiple carriers, the mix of products and services offered by us, the overall mix of customers, the presence of key customers attracting business through vertical market ecosystems, the IBX data center’s operating reliability and security and our ability to effectively market our services. However, some of our customers may face competitive pressures and may ultimately not be successful or may be consolidated through merger or acquisition. If these customers do not continue to use our IBX data centers it may be disruptive to our business. Finally, the uncertain economic climate may harm our ability to attract and retain customers if customers slow spending, or delay decision-making, on our products and services, or if customers begin to have difficulty paying us and we experience increased churn in our customer base. Any of these factors may hinder the development, growth and retention of a balanced customer base and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to securities class action and other litigation, which may harm our business and results of operations.

We are subject to various legal proceedings as described in Note 9 to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition, we may, in the future, be subject to other litigation. For example, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. Litigation can be lengthy, expensive, and divert management’s attention and resources. Results cannot be predicted with certainty and an adverse outcome in litigation could result in monetary damages or injunctive relief that could seriously harm our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights.

We cannot assure that the steps taken by us to protect our intellectual property rights will be adequate to deter misappropriation of proprietary information or that we will be able to detect unauthorized use and take appropriate steps to enforce our intellectual property rights. We also are subject to the risk of litigation alleging infringement of third-party intellectual property rights. Any such claims could require us to spend significant sums in litigation, pay damages, develop non-infringing intellectual property, or acquire licenses to the intellectual property that is the subject of the alleged infringement.

 

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Government regulation may adversely affect our business.

Various laws and governmental regulations, both in the U.S. and abroad, governing Internet related services, related communications services and information technologies remain largely unsettled, even in areas where there has been some legislative action. For example, the Federal Communications Commission recently issued a Notice of Inquiry for comments on proposed Internet rules and regulation of broadband that may result in material changes in the regulations and contribution regime affecting us and our customers. Likewise, as part of a review of the current equity market structure, the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission have both sought comments regarding the regulation of independent data centers, such as Equinix, which provide colocation services for financial markets and exchanges. Such regulation may ultimately affect our provision of services.

It also may take years to determine whether and how existing laws, such as those governing intellectual property, privacy, libel, telecommunications services and taxation, apply to the Internet and to related services such as ours and substantial resources may be required to comply with regulations or bring any non-compliant business practices into compliance with such regulations. In addition, the development of the market for online commerce and the displacement of traditional telephony service by the Internet and related communications services may prompt an increased call for more stringent consumer protection laws or other regulation both in the U.S. and abroad that may impose additional burdens on companies conducting business online and their service providers.

The adoption, or modification of laws or regulations relating to the Internet and our business, or interpretations of existing laws, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Industry consolidation may have a negative impact on our business model.

The telecommunications industry is currently undergoing consolidation. As customers combine businesses, they may require less colocation space, and there may be fewer networks available to choose from. Given the competitive and evolving nature of this industry, further consolidation of our customers and/or our competitors may present a risk to our network-neutral business model and have a negative impact on our revenues. In addition, increased utilization levels industry-wide could lead to a reduced amount of attractive expansion opportunities available to us.

Terrorist activity throughout the world and military action to counter terrorism could adversely impact our business.

The continued threat of terrorist activity and other acts of war or hostility contribute to a climate of political and economic uncertainty. Due to existing or developing circumstances, we may need to incur additional costs in the future to provide enhanced security, including cybersecurity, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. These circumstances may also adversely affect our ability to attract and retain customers, our ability to raise capital and the operation and maintenance of our IBX data centers. We may not have adequate property and liability insurance to cover catastrophic events or attacks.

We have various mechanisms in place that may discourage takeover attempts.

Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a third party from acquiring control of us in a merger, acquisition or similar transaction that a stockholder may consider favorable. Such provisions include:

 

   

authorization for the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock;

 

   

the prohibition of cumulative voting in the election of directors;

 

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a super-majority voting requirement to effect business combinations or certain amendments to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws;

 

   

limits on the persons who may call special meetings of stockholders;

 

   

the prohibition of stockholder action by written consent; and

 

   

advance notice requirements for nominations to the Board or for proposing matters that can be acted on by stockholders at stockholder meetings.

In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which restricts certain business combinations with interested stockholders in certain situations, may also discourage, delay or prevent someone from acquiring or merging with us.

 

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

 

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

 

Item 4. [Removed and Reserved]

 

Item 5. Other Information

None.

 

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Item 6. Exhibits

 

          Incorporated by Reference         

Exhibit
Number

  

Exhibit Description

   Form      Filing Date/
Period  End
Date
     Exhibit      Filed
Herewith
 

2.1

  

Combination Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2002, by and among Equinix, Inc., Eagle Panther Acquisition Corp., Eagle Jaguar Acquisition Corp., i-STT Pte Ltd, STT Communications Ltd., Pihana Pacific, Inc. and Jane Dietze, as representative of the stockholders of Pihana Pacific, Inc.

    
 
Def. Proxy
14A
  
  
     12/12/02         

2.2

  

Agreement and Plan of Merger dated October 21, 2009, by and among Equinix, Inc., Switch & Data Facilities Company, Inc. and Sundance Acquisition Corporation.

     8-K         10/22/09         2.1      

2.3

  

First Amendment to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated March 20, 2010, by and among Equinix, Inc., Switch & Data Facilities Company, Inc. and Sundance Acquisition Corporation.

     8-K         3/22/10         2.1      

3.1

  

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, as amended to date.

     10-K/A         12/31/02         3.1      

3.2

  

Certificate of Designation of Series A and Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock.

     10-K/A         12/31/02         3.3      

3.3

  

Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant.

     8-K         12/22/08         3.2      

4.1

  

Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3.

           

4.2

  

Indenture dated March 30, 2007 by and between Equinix, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

     8-K         3/30/07         4.4      

4.3

  

Form of 2.50% Convertible Subordinated Note Due 2012 (see Exhibit 4.2).

           

4.4

  

Indenture dated September 26, 2007 by and between Equinix, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

     8-K         9/26/07         4.4      

4.5

  

Form of 3.00% Convertible Subordinated Note Due 2014 (see Exhibit 4.4).

           

 

59


Table of Contents
          Incorporated by Reference       

Exhibit
Number

  

Exhibit Description

   Form   Filing Date/
Period End
Date
   Exhibit    Filed
Herewith
 

  4.6

  

Indenture dated June 12, 2009 by and between Equinix, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

   8-K   6/12/09    4.1   

  4.7

  

Form of 4.75% Convertible Subordinated Note Due 2016 (see Exhibit 4.6).

          

  4.8

  

Indenture dated March 3, 2010 by and between Equinix, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

   10-Q   3/31/10    4.8   

  4.9

  

Form of 8.125% Senior Note Due 2018 (see Exhibit 4.8).

          

10.1

  

Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and each of its officers and directors.

   S-4 (File No.

333-93749)

  12/29/99    10.5   

10.2

  

2000 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended.

   10-K   12/31/07    10.3   

10.3

  

2000 Director Option Plan, as amended.

   10-K   12/31/07    10.4   

10.4

  

2001 Supplemental Stock Plan, as amended.

   10-K   12/31/07    10.5   

10.5

  

Equinix, Inc. 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended.

   S-8 (File No.

333-165033)

  2/23/10    99.3   

10.6

  

Form of Restricted Stock Agreements for Stephen M. Smith under the Equinix, Inc. 2000 Equity Incentive Plan.

   10-Q   3/31/07    10.45   

10.7

  

Letter Agreement, dated April 22, 2008, by and between Eric Schwartz and Equinix Operating Co., Inc.

   10-Q   6/30/08    10.34   

10.8

  

Severance Agreement by and between Stephen Smith and Equinix, Inc. dated December 18, 2008.

   10-K   12/31/08    10.31   

10.9

  

Severance Agreement by and between Peter Van Camp and Equinix, Inc. dated December 10, 2008.

   10-K   12/31/08    10.32   

10.10

  

Severance Agreement by and between Keith Taylor and Equinix, Inc. dated December 19, 2008.

   10-K   12/31/08    10.33   

10.11

  

Severance Agreement by and between Peter Ferris and Equinix, Inc. dated December 17, 2008.

   10-K   12/31/08    10.34   

 

60


Table of Contents
          Incorporated by Reference       

Exhibit
Number

  

Exhibit Description

   Form    Filing Date/
Period End
Date
   Exhibit    Filed
Herewith
 

10.12

  

Change in Control Severance Agreement by and between Eric Schwartz and Equinix, Inc. dated December 19, 2008.

   10-K    12/31/08    10.35   

10.13

  

Change in Control Severance Agreement by and between Jarrett Appleby and Equinix, Inc. dated December 11, 2008.

   10-K    12/31/08    10.36   

10.14

  

Offer Letter from Equinix, Inc. to Jarrett Appleby dated November 6, 2008.

   10-K    12/31/08    10.37   

10.15

  

Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Jarrett Appleby under the Equinix, Inc. 2000 Equity Incentive Plan.

   10-K    12/31/08    10.38   

10.16

  

Confirmation for Base Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch.

   8-K    6/12/09    10.1   

10.17

  

Confirmation for Additional Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch.

   8-K    6/12/09    10.2   

10.18

  

Master Terms and Conditions for Capped Call Transactions dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch.

   8-K    6/12/09    10.3   

10.19

  

Confirmation for Base Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, London Branch.

   8-K    6/12/09    10.4   

10.20

  

Confirmation for Additional Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, London Branch.

   8-K    6/12/09    10.5   

10.21

  

Master Terms and Conditions for Capped Call Transactions dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, London Branch.

   8-K    6/12/09    10.6   

10.22

  

Confirmation for Base Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co.

   8-K    6/12/09    10.7   

 

61


Table of Contents
          Incorporated by Reference       

Exhibit
Number

  

Exhibit Description

   Form   Filing Date/
Period End
Date
   Exhibit    Filed
Herewith
 

10.23

  

Confirmation for Additional Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co.

   8-K   6/12/09    10.8   

10.24

  

Master Terms and Conditions for Capped Call Transactions dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co.

   8-K   6/12/09    10.9   

10.25

  

Addendum to international assignment letter agreement by and between Eric Schwartz and Equinix Operating Co., Inc., dated February 17, 2010.

   10-Q   3/31/10    10.42   

10.26

  

Switch & Data 2007 Stock Incentive Plan.

   S-1/A (File

No. 333-137607)
filed by Switch &
Data Facilities
Company, Inc.

  2/5/07    10.9   

10.27

  

Amendment and Restatement of Facility Agreement, by and among Equinix Australia Pty Ltd., Equinix Hong Kong Limited, Equinix Singapore Pte. Ltd., Equinix Pacific Pte. Ltd and Equinix Japan K.K., as borrowers, the Joint Mandated Lead Arrangers, the Joint Mandated Bookrunners, the Lead Arrangers and the Closing Date Lenders, as defined therein, and The Royal Bank of Scotland N.V., as Facility Agent, dated May 10, 2010.

   10-Q   6/30/10    10.39   

10.28

  

Offer Letter from Equinix, Inc. to Charles Meyers dated September 28, 2010.

   10-Q   9/30/10    10.40   

10.29

  

Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Charles Meyers under the Equinix, Inc. 2000 Equity Incentive Plan.

   10-Q   9/30/10    10.41   

10.30

  

Change in Control Severance Agreement by and between Charles Meyers and Equinix, Inc. dated September 30. 2010.

   10-Q   9/30/10    10.42   

10.31

  

Form of amendment to existing severance agreement between the Registrant and each of Messrs. Appleby, Ferris, Meyers, Smith, Taylor and Van Camp.

   10-K   12/31/10    10.33   

 

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Table of Contents
          Incorporated by Reference     

Exhibit
Number

  

Exhibit Description

   Form    Filing Date/
Period End
Date
   Exhibit    Filed
Herewith

10.32

  

Letter amendment, dated December 14, 2010, to Change in Control Severance Agreement, dated December 18, 2008, and letter agreement relating to expatriate benefits, dated April 22, 2008, as amended, by and between the Registrant and Eric Schwartz.

   10-K    12/31/10    10.34   

10.33

  

Equinix, Inc. 2011 Incentive Plan

            X

10.34

  

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for CEO and CFO.

            X

10.35

  

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for all other Section 16 officers.

            X

18.1

  

Preferable Accounting Principles Letter from Pricewaterhouse Coopers LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, dated July 26, 2010.

   10-Q    6/30/10    18.1   

21.1

  

Subsidiaries of Equinix, Inc.

            X

31.1

  

Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

            X

31.2

  

Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

            X

32.1

  

Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

            X

32.2

  

Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

            X

101

  

Interactive Data Files Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 and (iv) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text.

            X

 

63


Table of Contents

EQUINIX, INC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

    EQUINIX, INC.
Date: April 29, 2011      
    By:  

/S/ KEITH D. TAYLOR

      Chief Financial Officer
      (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

64


Table of Contents

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit
Number

  

Description of Document

10.33   

Equinix, Inc. 2011 Incentive Plan.

10.34   

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for CEO and CFO.

10.35   

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for all other Section 16 officers.

21.1     

Subsidiaries of Equinix.

31.1     

Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2     

Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1     

Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2     

Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101         

Interactive Data Files Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 and (iv) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text.

 

65