SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q/A

Amendment No. 2

(Mark One)

þ		QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2010,

OR

o		TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM                      TO                     

AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Michigan		94-3096597
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. employer identification no.)
24 Frank Lloyd Wright Dr. P.O. Box 376 Ann Arbor, Michigan		48106
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip code)

(734) 930-5555

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes — þ No — o

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes — o No — o

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer — o		Accelerated filer — o		Non-accelerated filer — o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)		Smaller reporting company — þ

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes — o No — þ

     Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date.

COMMON STOCK, NO PAR VALUE (Class)		28,255,889 Outstanding at May 4, 2010

 

 

Explanatory Note

     We are filing this Amendment No. 2 (“Amendment No. 2”) to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended March 31, 2010, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on May 10, 2010 (the “Original Filing”), as amended by Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-Q/A filed with the SEC on May 13, 2010 (“Amendment No.1”) to (amend and restate our unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements and related disclosures for the nine months March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2010, and the period from inception to March 31, 2010, as discussed below and in Note 3 to the accompanying restated consolidated condensed financial statements, as well as to amend certain other Items within Amendment No. 1 as listed in “Items Amended in this Filing” below, as a result of the restatement of our consolidated condensed financial statements.

Background of Restatement

     On February 11, 2011, in connection with responding to certain comments raised by the Staff of the SEC in its periodic review of our SEC filings, the Company in consultation with its Audit Committee, concluded that its previously issued consolidated financial statements for all periods included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 and included in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended September 30, 2009 through September 30, 2010 (collectively, the “Affected Periods”) should be restated because of a misapplication in the guidance around accounting for Warrants (as defined below) and should no longer be relied upon. However, the non-cash adjustments to the consolidated financial statements, in all of the Affected Periods, do not impact the amounts previously reported for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, operating expenses or cash flows.

     The warrants at issue (collectively, the “Warrants”) include:

	(i)		warrants to purchase an aggregate of 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in April 2004 at an exercise price of $13.20 per share;
	(ii)		warrants to purchase an aggregate of 320,248 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in October 2004 at an exercise price of $13.92 per share;
	(iii)		warrants to purchase an aggregate of 740,131 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in October 2007 at an exercise price of $12.72 per share;
	(iv)		Class A warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,882,228 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in January 2010 at an exercise price of $2.97 per share; and
	(v)		Class B warrants to purchase an aggregate of 3,254,818 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in January 2010 at an exercise price of $2.08 per share.

     Historically, the Warrants were reflected as a component of equity as opposed to liabilities on the balance sheets and the statements of operations did not include the subsequent non-cash changes in estimated fair value of the Warrants in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The Warrants generally provide that, in the event the related registration statement is not available for the issuance of the Warrant shares, the holder may exercise the Warrant on a cashless basis (i.e., applying a portion of the Warrant shares to the payment of the exercise price). In addition, the Class A warrants and Class B warrants listed above provide the holder with weighted-average anti-dilution price protection in the event we issue securities at a price per share that is less than the exercise price of the warrants.

     However, under the guidance of ASC 815, warrant instruments that could potentially require net cash settlement in the absence of express language precluding such settlement, and, additionally, warrants that provide for anti-dilution price protection, should be initially classified as derivative liabilities at their estimated fair values, regardless of the likelihood that such instruments will ever be settled in cash. In periods subsequent to issuance, changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative instruments should be reported in the statement of operations. Our Audit Committee, together with management, determined that the financial statements in the Affected Periods should be restated to reflect the Warrants as liabilities, with subsequent changes in their estimated fair value recorded as non-cash income or expense in each Affected Period.

     The cumulative effect of these adjustments on our financial statements is a 4.4% decrease in the deficit accumulated during the development stage in the amount of $9.1 million as of March 31, 2010. These adjustments do not impact the amounts previously reported for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, operating cash flows or operating expenses in any of the Affected Periods. An explanation of the impact on our financial statements is contained in Note 3 to the consolidated condensed financial statements contained in Part I — Item 1 of this Amendment No. 2.

Restatement of Other Financial Statements

     Along with the filing of this Amendment No. 2, we are concurrently filing amendments to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended September 30, 2009, December 31, 2009, and September 30, 2010. The amendments to our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q are being filed to restate our unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements and related financial information for the periods contained in those reports and to amend certain other Items within the previously-issued quarterly filings, including Item 4 — “Controls and Procedures” to reflect a reassessment of our disclosure controls and procedures, and internal control over financial reporting. There is no impact on the amounts previously reported for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, operating cash flows or operating expenses in any of the Affected Periods as a result of the restatement. The cumulative adjustment to shareholders’ equity as of the beginning of the nine months ended March 31, 2010 was to reduce previously reported shareholders’ equity at that time by $0.5 million.

Internal Control Considerations

     Our management determined that there was a control deficiency in its internal control that constitutes a material weakness, as discussed in Part I — Item 4 of this Amendment No. 2. A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. For a discussion of management’s consideration of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and the material weakness identified, see Part I — Item 4 included in this Amendment No. 2.

Items Amended in This Filing

     For the convenience of the reader, this Amendment No. 2 sets forth the Original Filing, as modified and superseded where necessary to reflect the restatement. The following items have been amended as a result of, and to reflect, the restatement:

	•		Part I — Item 1. Financial Statements;
	•		Part I — Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations; and
	•		Part I — Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

     In accordance with applicable SEC rules, this Amendment No. 2 includes new certifications required by Rule 13a-14 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) from our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer dated as of the date of filing of this Amendment No. 2.

     Except for the items noted above, no other information included in the Original Filing, as amended by Amendment No. 1, is being amended or updated by this Amendment No. 2. This Amendment No. 2 continues to describe the conditions as of the date of the Original Filing, as amended by Amendment No. 1, and, except as contained herein, we have not updated or modified the disclosures contained in the Original Filing, as amended by Amendment No. 1. Accordingly, this Amendment No. 2 should be read in conjunction with our filings made with the SEC subsequent to the filing of the Original Filing, including any amendment to those filings.

AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A
March 31, 2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION			5
Item 1. Restated Financial Statements — Unaudited			5
a) Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2009 and March 31, 2010			5
b) Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations for the quarter and nine months ended March 31, 2009 and 2010 and for the period from March 24, 1989 (Inception) to March 31, 2010			6
c) Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended March 31, 2009 and 2010 and for the period from March 24, 1989 (Inception) to March 31, 2010			7
d) Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements			8
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			15
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			23
Item 4. Controls and Procedures			23
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION			25
Item 1. Legal Proceedings			25
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			25
Item 6. Exhibits			25
SIGNATURES			26
EXHIBIT INDEX			27
GLOSSARY			28
EX-31.1
EX-31.2
EX-32.1

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share amounts)

		June 30,				March 31,
		2009				2010
		(Restated)				(Restated)
Assets
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	17,000			$	17,844
Short-term investments			—				5,000
Receivables, net			58				—
Inventory			1				—
Other current assets			732				591
Total current assets			17,791				23,435
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET			1,485				1,134
Total assets		$	19,276			$	24,569
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		$	853			$	1,161
Accrued employee benefits			355				358
Current portion of long-term debt			479				291
Warrant liabilities			532				4,358
Total current liabilities			2,219				6,168
LONG-TERM DEBT			305				137
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Common stock, no par value; shares authorized — 31,250,000 and 62,500,000, respectively; shares issued and outstanding — 20,027,830 and 28,255,889, respectively			205,286				217,589
Deficit accumulated during the development stage			(188,534	)			(199,325	)
Total shareholders’ equity			16,752				18,264
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity		$	19,276			$	24,569

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

																		March 24, 1989
		Quarter ended								Nine months ended								(Inception) to
		March 31,								March 31,								March 31,
		2009				2010				2009				2010				2010
		(Restated)				(Restated)				(Restated)				(Restated)				(Restated)
REVENUES:
Product sales and rentals		$	58			$	—			$	113			$	89			$	1,850
Research and development agreements			—				—				—				—				2,105
Grants			—				—				—				—				9,657
Total revenues			58				—				113				89				13,612
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
Cost of product sales and rentals			25				—				47				34				796
Cost of product sales and rentals — provision for obsolete and excess inventory			—				—				—				—				2,239
Research and development			2,785				2,845				8,340				9,039				157,147
Selling, general and administrative			1,260				1,418				3,909				3,680				72,338
Total costs and expenses			4,070				4,263				12,296				12,753				232,520
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS			(4,012	)			(4,263	)			(12,183	)			(12,664	)			(218,908	)
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):
(Increase) decrease in fair value of warrants			481				1,559				(61	)			1,823				9,112
Other income			—				—				—				—				1,249
Interest income			57				34				253				83				10,647
Interest expense			(17	)			(9	)			(58	)			(33	)			(457	)
Other income			521				1,584				134				1,873				20,551
NET LOSS		$	(3,491	)		$	(2,679	)		$	(12,049	)		$	(10,791	)		$	(198,357	)
COMPUTATION OF NET LOSS PER SHARE APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHARES:
NET LOSS		$	(3,491	)		$	(2,679	)		$	(12,049	)		$	(10,791	)
NET LOSS PER SHARE (Basic and Diluted)		$	(0.19	)		$	(0.10	)		$	(0.70	)		$	(0.47	)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding (Basic and Diluted)			18,327				26,737				17,242				23,016

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

										March 24, 1989
		Nine months ended								(Inception) to
		March 31,								March 31,
		2009				2010				2010
		(Restated)				(Restated)				(Restated)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss		$	(12,049	)		$	(10,791	)		$	(198,357	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used for operating activities: Depreciation and amortization			522				454				6,454
Loss on property held for resale			—				—				110
Amortization of discounts and premiums on investments			(30	)			—				(1,704	)
Stock compensation expense			1,129				426				8,815
Increase (decrease) in fair value of warrants			61				(1,823	)			(9,112	)
Inventory write downs and reserves			—				—				2,239
Stock issued pursuant to license agreement			—				—				3,300
Provision for losses on accounts receivable			—				—				204
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables			(236	)			58				(249	)
Inventories			—				1				(2,335	)
Other current assets			432				(66	)			(500	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses			(23	)			308				1,104
Accrued employee benefits			(392	)			3				358
Net cash used for operating activities			(10,586	)			(11,430	)			(189,673	)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Organizational costs			—				—				(73	)
Purchase of short-term investments			—				(5,000	)			(217,041	)
Maturities of short-term investments			6,000				—				213,745
Property and equipment purchases			(34	)			(103	)			(5,864	)
Proceeds from sale of property held for resale			—				—				400
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities			5,966				(5,103	)			(8,833	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net proceeds from issuance of preferred stock			—				—				51,647
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants			7,343				17,526				162,871
Repurchase of common stock			—				—				(49	)
Payments received for stock purchase rights			—				—				3,500
Payments received under shareholder notes			—				—				31
Restricted cash used as compensating balance			192				207				(70	)
Proceeds from long-term debt			—				—				751
Principal payments under long-term obligations			(331	)			(356	)			(2,331	)
Net cash provided by financing activities			7,204				17,377				216,350
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS			2,584				844				17,844
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD			16,492				17,000				—
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD		$	19,076			$	17,844			$	17,844

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

     1. Organization

          Aastrom Biosciences, Inc. (the “Company” or “Aastrom”) was incorporated in March 1989 (Inception), began employee-based operations in 1991, and is in the development stage. The Company operates its business in one reportable segment — research and product development focused on innovative therapies to repair or regenerate damaged or diseased tissues or organs. Aastrom is developing autologous cellular therapies for the treatment of severe, chronic cardiovascular diseases.

          Successful future operations are subject to several technical hurdles and risk factors, including satisfactory product development, timely initiation and completion of clinical trials, regulatory approval and market acceptance of the Company’s products and the Company’s continued ability to obtain future funding.

          The Company is subject to certain risks related to the operation of its business and development of its products and product candidates. While management believes available cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are adequate to finance its operations at least through March 31, 2011, in part due to the fact that many of the Company’s expenditures are discretionary in nature and could, if necessary, be delayed, the Company will need to raise a substantial amount of additional funds in order to complete its product development programs, complete clinical trials needed to market its products, and commercialize these products. The Company cannot be certain that such funding will be available on favorable terms, if at all. Some of the factors that will impact the Company’s ability to raise additional capital and its overall success include: the rate and degree of progress of its product development, the rate of regulatory approval to proceed with clinical trial programs, the level of success achieved in clinical trials, the requirements for marketing authorization from regulatory bodies in the U.S., E.U. and other countries, the liquidity and market volatility of the Company’s equity securities, regulatory and manufacturing requirements and uncertainties, technological developments by competitors, and other factors. If the Company cannot raise such funds, it may not be able to develop or enhance products, take advantage of future opportunities, or respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated requirements, which would likely have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

     2. Basis of Presentation

          The consolidated condensed financial statements included herein have been prepared by us without audit according to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The financial statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal, recurring adjustments) necessary to state fairly the financial position and results of operations as of and for the periods indicated. The results of operations for the nine months ended March 31, 2010, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or for any other period.

          These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited restated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended June 30, 2010, that is being concurrently filed with the SEC.

          The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Aastrom Biosciences GmbH, located in Berlin, Germany, Aastrom Biosciences, Ltd., located in Dublin, Ireland and Aastrom Biosciences, S.L., located in Barcelona, Spain (collectively, the “Company”). All significant inter-company transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. These subsidiaries have limited operations and are not significant to the consolidated financial statements.

          On February 18, 2010, the Company’s board of directors by unanimous written consent authorized a one for eight reverse split. Accordingly, all references to numbers of common stock and per share data in the accompanying financial statements have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split on a retroactive basis.

3. Restatement of Consolidated Financial Statements

     Background

     On February 11, 2011, in connection with responding to certain comments raised by the Staff of the SEC in its periodic review of the Company’s SEC filings, the Company in consultation with its Audit Committee, concluded that its previously issued financial statements for all periods included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 and included in the Company’s quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended September 30, 2009 through September 30, 2010 (collectively, the “Affected Periods”) should be restated because of a misapplication in the guidance around accounting for Warrants (as defined below) and should no longer be relied upon. However, the non-cash adjustments to the financial statements, in all of the Affected Periods, do not impact the amounts previously reported for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, operating expenses or cash flows.

     The warrants at issue (collectively, the “Warrants”) include:

(i)

warrants to purchase an aggregate of 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in April 2004 at an exercise price of $13.20 per share;

(ii)

warrants to purchase an aggregate of 320,248 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in October 2004 at an exercise price of $13.92 per share;

(iii)

warrants to purchase an aggregate of 740,131 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in October 2007 at an exercise price of $12.72 per share;

(iv)

Class A warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,882,228 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in January 2010 at an exercise price of $2.97 per share; and

(v)

Class B warrants to purchase an aggregate of 3,254,818 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in January 2010 at an exercise price of $2.08 per share.

     Historically, the Warrants were reflected as a component of equity as opposed to liabilities on the balance sheets and the statement of operations did not include the subsequent non-cash changes in estimated fair value of the Warrants in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The Warrants generally provide that, in the event the related registration statement is not available for the issuance of the Warrant shares, the holder may exercise the Warrant on a cashless basis (i.e., applying a portion of the Warrant shares to the payment of the exercise price). In addition, the Class A warrants and Class B warrants listed above provide the holder with weighted-average anti-dilution price protection in the event we issue securities at a price per share that is less than the exercise price of the warrants.

     However, under the guidance of ASC 815, warrant instruments that could potentially require net cash settlement in the absence of express language precluding such settlement, and, additionally, warrants that provide for anti-dilution price protection, should be initially classified as derivative liabilities at their estimated fair values, regardless of the likelihood that such instruments will ever be settled in cash. In periods subsequent to issuance, changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative instruments should be reported in the statement of operations. The Audit Committee, together with management, determined that the financial statements in the Affected Periods should be restated to reflect the Warrants as liabilities, with subsequent changes in their estimated fair value recorded as non-cash income or expense in each Affected Period.

     Impact of the Restatement

     The cumulative effect of these adjustments on the Company’s previously-reported deficit accumulated during the development stage and total shareholders’ equity was a decrease of $7.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, as of the beginning of the nine month period ended March 31, 2009. These adjustments do not impact the amounts previously reported for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, net cash used for operating activities or operating expenses in any of the Affected Periods.

     The effects of the restatement on the following financial statement line items as of and for the periods indicated are summarized in the following tables (in thousands except per share amounts):

		Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets
		As Previously
		Reported				Adjustments				As Restated
As of June 30, 2009
Warrant liabilities		$	—			$	532			$	532
Total current liabilities		$	1,687			$	532			$	2,219
Common stock		$	213,107			$	(7,821	)		$	205,286
Deficit accumulated during the development stage		$	(195,823	)		$	7,289			$	(188,534	)
Total shareholders’ equity		$	17,284			$	(532	)		$	16,752
As of March 31, 2010
Warrant liabilities		$	—			$	4,358			$	4,358
Total current liabilities		$	1,810			$	4,358			$	6,168
Common stock		$	231,059			$	(13,470	)		$	217,589
Deficit accumulated during the development stage		$	(208,437	)		$	9,112			$	(199,325	)
Total shareholders’ equity		$	22,622			$	(4,358	)		$	18,264
		Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations
		As Previously
		Reported				Adjustments				As Restated
For the quarter ended March 31, 2009:
(Increase) decrease in fair value of warrants		$	—			$	481			$	481
Total other income		$	40			$	481			$	521
Net loss		$	(3,972	)		$	481			$	(3,491	)
Net loss per share (basic and diluted)		$	(0.22	)		$	0.03			$	(0.19	)
For the nine months ended March 31, 2009:
(Increase) decrease in fair value of warrants		$	—			$	(61	)		$	(61	)
Total other income		$	195			$	(61	)		$	134
Net loss		$	(11,988	)		$	(61	)		$	(12,049	)
Net loss per share (basic and diluted)		$	(0.70	)		$	—			$	(0.70	)
For the quarter ended March 31, 2010:
(Increase) decrease in fair value of warrants		$	—			$	1,559			$	1,559
Total other income		$	25			$	1,559			$	1,584
Net loss		$	(4,238	)		$	1,559			$	(2,679	)
Net loss per share (basic and diluted)		$	(0.16	)		$	0.06			$	(0.10	)
For the nine months ended March 31, 2010:
(Increase) decrease in fair value of warrants		$	—			$	1,823			$	1,823
Total other income		$	50			$	1,823			$	1,873
Net loss		$	(12,614	)		$	1,823			$	(10,791	)
Net loss per share (basic and diluted)		$	(0.55	)		$	0.08			$	(0.47	)
March 24, 1989 (Inception) to March 31, 2010:
(Increase) decrease in fair value of warrants		$	—			$	9,112			$	9,112
Total other income		$	11,439			$	9,112			$	20,551
Net loss		$	(207,469	)		$	9,112			$	(198,357	)
		Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
		As Previously
		Reported				Adjustments				As Restated
For the nine months ended March 31, 2009:
Net loss		$	(11,988	)		$	(61	)		$	(12,049	)
Increase (decrease) in fair value of warrants		$	—			$	61			$	61
For the nine months ended March 31, 2010:
Net loss		$	(12,614	)		$	1,823			$	(10,791	)
Increase (decrease) in fair value of warrants		$	—			$	(1,823	)		$	(1,823	)
March 24, 1989 (Inception) to March 31, 2010:
Net loss		$	(207,469	)		$	9,112			$	(198,357	)
Increase (decrease) in fair value of warrants		$	—			$	(9,112	)		$	(9,112	)

     4. Share-Based Compensation

          The Company has various stock incentive plans and agreements (Option Plans) that provide for the issuance of nonqualified and incentive stock options as well as other equity awards. Such awards may be granted by the Company’s Board of Directors to certain of the Company’s employees, directors and consultants.

     Service-Based Options

          During the nine months ended March 31, 2010, the Company granted 1,268,525 service-based options to purchase common stock. These options were granted with exercise prices equal to the closing price of the Company’s stock on the grant date, vest over four years (other than non-employee director options which vest over one to three years) and expire ten years from the grant date. The weighted average grant-date fair value of service-based options granted under the Company’s Option Plans during the nine months ended March 31, 2009 and 2010 was $2.08 and $1.54, respectively.

          The net compensation costs recorded for the service-based stock options related to employees and directors were approximately $75,000 and $415,000 for the quarter and nine months ended March 31, 2010, respectively, compared to $352,000 and $1,060,000 for the corresponding periods in fiscal year 2009.

          The fair value of each service-based stock option grant for the reported periods is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the assumptions noted in the following table.

		Nine months ended
		March 31,
		2009				2010
Stock Option Plans:
Expected dividend rate			0	%			0	%
Expected stock price volatility			73	%			70.2% - 72.8	%
Risk free interest rate			2.1	%			2.49% - 3.09	%
Estimated forfeiture rate			10	%			10	%
Expected life (years)			6.6				5.5 - 6.25

          The following table summarizes the activity for service-based stock options for the indicated periods:

										Weighted Average
						Weighted Average				Remaining				Aggregate Intrinsic
		Options				Exercise Price				Contractual Term				Value
Outstanding at June 30, 2009			1,365,353			$	7.76
Granted			1,268,525			$	2.33
Exercised			—				—							$	—
Forfeited or expired			(355,931	)		$	9.58
Outstanding at March 31, 2010			2,277,947			$	4.45				8.4			$	58,000
Exercisable at March 31, 2010			715,046			$	7.88				6.5			$	—

          As of March 31, 2010, there was approximately $1,391,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested service-based stock options granted under the Option Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years.

     Performance-Based Stock Options

          There were no grants of performance-based stock options during the nine months ended March 31, 2010. There have been no changes to the terms of the performance-based stock options from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009.

          For the nine months ended March 31, 2010, management reviewed the progress toward the performance conditions necessary for these options to vest and concluded that it was not yet probable that the performance conditions of any of the tranches of options would be met and, accordingly, no compensation expense has been recorded.

          The following table summarizes the activity for performance-based stock options for the indicated period:

										Weighted Average
						Weighted Average				Remaining				Aggregate Intrinsic
Options		Shares				Exercise Price				Contractual Term				Value
Outstanding at June 30, 2009			110,162			$	11.76
Granted			—				—
Exercised			—				—
Forfeited or expired			(49,999	)		$	11.24
Outstanding at December 31, 2009			60,163			$	12.19				6.6			$	0

          The aggregate estimated fair value of these awards that are outstanding as of March 31, 2010 is approximately $493,000.

     Restricted Stock Awards

          Restricted stock awards generally vest over a four year period and entitle the recipient to receive common stock upon vesting. The compensation costs charged as operating expenses for restricted stock were approximately $1,000 and $11,000 for the quarter and nine months ended March 31, 2010, respectively, compared to $21,000 and $69,000 for the same periods in fiscal year 2009.

          A summary of the Company’s restricted stock activity for the nine months ended March 31, 2010, is presented below:

						Weighted Average
Non-vested Restricted Shares		Shares				Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at June 30, 2009			12,515			$	5.92
Granted			—				—
Vested			(12,359	)		$	5.86
Forfeited			—				—
Non-vested at March 31, 2010			156			$	10.53

          As of March 31, 2010, there was approximately $800 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock awards granted under the Option Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.4 years.

     5. Fair Value Measurements

          The Company measures certain assets at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value represents the amount that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is determined based upon assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

•

Level 1 inputs: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

•

Level 2 inputs: Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

•

Level 3 inputs: Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

          In many cases, a valuation technique used to measure fair value includes inputs from multiple levels of the fair value hierarchy described above. The lowest level of significant input determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy.

          At March 31, 2010, the Company had $17.8 million invested in three money market funds and $5.0 million invested in certificates of deposit, that are included within the “Cash and cash equivalents” and “Short-term investments” lines on the consolidated condensed balance sheet, respectively. Because there is an active market for shares of these money market funds and the certificates of deposit, the Company considers its fair value measure of this investment to be based on Level 1 inputs.

          See Note 7 for disclosures related to the fair value of the Company’s warrants. The Company does not have any other assets or liabilities on the balance sheet as of March 31, 2010 that are measured at fair value.

     6. Shareholders’ Equity

          On June 12, 2009, the Company entered into a $30.0 million common stock purchase agreement with Fusion Capital Fund II, LLC, (“Fusion Capital”) an Illinois limited liability company. The terms of the arrangement with Fusion Capital are disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009 and there have been no changes to the terms of this arrangement during the quarter ended March 31, 2010.

          During the nine months ended March 31, 2010, 1,718,538 shares of the Company’s common stock (including 51,432 shares related to its commitment fee) were issued to Fusion Capital for net proceeds of $5,100,000.

          On January 21, 2010, the Company also completed the sale of 6,509,637 units (including 740,387 units sold to the underwriter pursuant to the exercise of its over-allotment option) at a public offering price of $2.08 per unit. Each unit consisted of (i) one share of common stock, (ii) a Class A warrant to purchase 0.75 of a share of common stock at an exercise price of $2.97 per share and (iii) a Class B warrant to purchase 0.50 of a share of common stock at an exercise price of $2.08 per share. The Company received approximately $12.4 million in net proceeds from the sale of the units (including the partially exercised option of the over-allotment), after underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses.

     7. Stock Purchase Warrants

          The Company had the following warrants to purchase shares of common stock of the Company outstanding during the nine months ended March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2010:

(i)

warrants to purchase an aggregate of 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued on April 5, 2004 in connection with the Company’s registered direct offering, exercisable for a five year period commencing on April 5, 2004 at an exercise price of $13.20 per share, all of which expired unexercised;

(ii)

warrants to purchase an aggregate of 320,248 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued on October 27, 2004 in connection with the Company’s registered direct offering, exercisable from April 28, 2005 through October 27, 2008 at an exercise price of $13.92 per share, 229,855 of which expired unexercised;

(iii)

warrants to purchase an aggregate of 740,131 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued on October 17, 2007 in connection with the Company’s registered direct offering, exercisable from April 18, 2008 through April 17, 2013 at an exercise price of $12.72 per share;

(iv)

Class A warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,882,228 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued on January 21, 2010 in connection with the Company’s registered public offering, exercisable for a five year period commencing on July 21, 2010 at an exercise price of $2.97 per share; and

(v)

Class B warrants to purchase an aggregate of 3,254,818 shares of common stock, issued on January 21, 2010 in connection with the Company’s registered public offering, exercisable at any time from January 21, 2010 through July 21, 2010 at an exercise price of $2.08 per share.

          The foregoing warrants are recorded as liabilities at their estimated fair value at the date of issuance, with subsequent changes in estimated fair value recorded in other income (expense) in the Company’s statement of operations in each subsequent period. The estimated fair value of the warrants is determined using Level 3 inputs. The liability is measured using the Black Scholes valuation model, which is based, in part, upon unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, requiring the Company to develop its own assumptions. The assumptions used by the Company are summarized in the following tables:

October 2007 Warrants		June 30, 2009				March 31, 2010
Closing stock price		$	3.36			$	1.65
Expected dividend rate			0	%			0	%
Expected stock price volatility			70.8	%			77.0	%
Risk free interest rate			1.6	%			1.6	%
Expected life (years)			3.75				3.00

January 2010 Class A Warrants		January 21, 2010				March 31, 2010
Closing stock price		$	1.84			$	1.65
Expected dividend rate			0	%			0	%
Expected stock price volatility			73.8	%			71.0	%
Risk free interest rate			2.4	%			2.6	%
Expected life (years)			5.50				5.25

January 2010 Class B Warrants		January 21, 2010				March 31, 2010
Closing stock price		$	1.84			$	1.65
Expected dividend rate			0	%			0	%
Expected stock price volatility			62.0	%			69.6	%
Risk free interest rate			0.3	%			0.4	%
Expected life (years)			0.50				0.25

          The following table summarizes the changes in the estimated fair value of our warrant liabilities (in thousands):

Warrant Liabilities
Balance at June 30, 2009		$	532
Warrants issued			5,649
Decrease in fair value			(1,823	)
Balance at March 31, 2010		$	4,358

     8. Net Loss Per Common Share

          Net loss per common share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Common equivalent shares, consisting of options, warrants for the purchase of common stock and unvested restricted shares of common stock are not included in the per share calculation where the effect of their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. The aggregate number of common equivalent shares that have been excluded from the computations of net loss per common share for the quarters ended March 31, 2009 and 2010 is approximately 2,555,000 and 11,215,000, respectively.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Restatement

          As discussed in the Explanatory Note and Note 3 to this Amendment No. 2, we are amending and restating our unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements and related disclosures for all periods presented in this Amendment No. 2.

          The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations incorporates the restated amounts. For this reason, the data set forth in this section may not be comparable to discussion and data in our previously filed Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as amended by Amendment No. 1, for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.

Overview of Aastrom

          We focus on the development of innovative therapies to repair or regenerate damaged or diseased tissues or organs. We are developing autologous cellular therapies for the treatment of severe, chronic cardiovascular diseases. Using our proprietary Tissue Repair Cell (TRC) technology, we are able to expand the number of stem and early progenitor cells from a small amount (approximately 50 ml) of bone marrow collected from the patient. Early stage and clinical research show that these cells may have efficacy in the repair of cardiac and other tissue.

          With the use of our proprietary TRC technology, we produce personalized cell products developed for site-specific delivery to repair or regenerate diseased or damaged tissue in patients. Nearly 400 patients have been treated in clinical trials based on this therapeutic approach over the past 10 years with no reported incidence of product safety problems or tissue rejection.

          Cardiac Regeneration

          Our lead product is based on the application of autologous stem cells used to repair damaged cardiac tissue. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Orphan Drug Designation to our investigational therapy involving the use of TRCs in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). DCM is a severe, chronic cardiac disease that leads to enlargement of the heart and is associated with reduced heart pumping function to the point that blood circulation is impaired. We have advanced this development program with two U.S. Phase II trials investigating both a surgical and a catheter-based delivery pathway for the use of CRCs in the treatment of DCM.

          The first U.S. patient was treated with TRCs in our Phase II IMPACT-DCM surgical clinical trial in November 2008. The trial was fully enrolled in January 2010 with 40 patients and the last patient was treated in March 2010. The study is being conducted at five cardiovascular treatment centers in the U.S., including: Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center in Houston, TX; Baylor University Medical Center in Dallas, TX; The University of Utah School of Medicine in Salt Lake City, UT; Cleveland Clinic Heart & Vascular Institute in Cleveland, OH; and Emory University Hospital Midtown in Atlanta, GA. We anticipate collecting 6-month interim data from this trial upon completion of the 6-month follow-up visits for all patients during the third quarter of calendar year 2010. We are planning to report interim analysis results in the fourth quarter of calendar year 2010.

          Our second cardiac trial, a U.S. Phase II cardiac catheter clinical trial has been designed to explore a catheter-based delivery of TRCs to treat DCM patients. Clinical site training for this trial was initiated during the fourth quarter of calendar year 2009, and we enrolled our first patient in April 2010.

          Vascular Regeneration

          Our TRC technology has also shown promise in the treatment of an advanced stage of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) called critical limb ischemia (CLI). Patients with CLI generally have painful wounds on their feet (or hands) that do not heal due to poor blood circulation, often leading to amputation. More than 160,000 amputations per year are associated with CLI. Our U.S. Phase IIb RESTORE-CLI clinical trial is investigating the safety and efficacy of TRCs in the treatment of patients with this severe, chronic disease compared with placebo; neither patients nor physicians know the treatment received during the study.

          In February 2010 a planned interim analysis was performed for this study on 46 patients having completed at least 6 months of the study. According to the interim analysis, the safety profile was similar between the treatment and placebo patients. Based on a composite efficacy endpoint assessing time to treatment failure (including major amputations, doubling of wound size and new gangrene), our autologous TRCs were more effective than placebo (p<0.05). Other clinically meaningful endpoints (e.g., major amputation rate, complete wound healing) individually showed encouraging trends, but have not yet reached statistical significance at the interim analysis.

          The interim analysis was planned to assess performance of TRCs and to help plan further studies. Based on the interim findings, we concluded enrollment of new patients in order to complete the study as soon as possible, and to begin planning and discussions with the FDA for pivotal clinical trials in CLI. The last patient enrolled in this trial was treated on March 23, 2010, for a total of 86 patients who will be followed for 12 months per protocol.

          The TRC Technology Platform

          TRCs are a cellular therapy developed using our proprietary TRC technology, an automated processing system utilizing “single-pass perfusion” to manufacture human cell products for clinical use. The system meets all Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) guidelines. TRC-based therapies begin with a small amount of the patient’s own bone marrow to produce large numbers of stem and early progenitor cells. This mixture of cell types is capable of developing into cardiac, vascular and other tissues.

          Our cell products have three features that we believe are critical for success in regenerative medicine. Cellular therapies based on our TRC technology are:

•		autologous, which means we start with the patient’s own cells, which are accepted by the patient’s immune system allowing the cells to differentiate and integrate into existing functional tissues and organs, and provide long-term engraftment and repair;
•		expanded, resulting in significantly higher concentrations of stem and progenitor cells than occur naturally, especially for older patients; and,
•		a mixed population of cells, which includes all of the most important cell types required for tissue regeneration and found in natural bone marrow and are required for tissue regeneration.

          All TRC-based products are manufactured at centralized facilities. We have our primary cell processing facility in the U.S. located at our headquarters in Ann Arbor, MI, and two contract facilities in the E.U. located in Stuttgart, Germany (Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology) and Bad Oeynhausen, Germany (Institute of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine at the Heart Center).

          Since our inception, we have been a development-stage company engaged in research and product development conducted principally on our own behalf. We are focused the development of products based on our TRC technology platform for use in cardiovascular indications. We currently generate minimal product sales involving cell-therapy based products to physicians in the United States. At such time as we satisfy applicable regulatory approval requirements, we expect the sales of therapies based on our TRC technology platform to constitute nearly all of our revenue from product sales.

          We do not expect to generate positive cash flows from our consolidated operations for at least the next several years and then only if we achieve significant TRC-based cell product sales. Until that time, we expect that revenue sources from our current activities will consist of only minor sales of our cell products to our academic collaborators, grant revenue, research funding and potential licensing fees or other financial support from potential future corporate collaborators.

          We expect that we will need to raise significant additional funds or pursue strategic alliances or other operational strategies to advance our product development programs including completion of our clinical research programs and commercialization of our products. To date, we have financed our operations primarily through public and private sales of our equity securities, and we expect to continue to seek to obtain required capital in a similar manner. As a development-stage company, we have never been profitable and do not anticipate having net income unless and until significant product sales are achieved. With respect to our current activities, profitability is not likely to occur until we obtain significant additional funding, complete the required clinical trials for regulatory approvals and receive the necessary approvals to market our products. Through March 31, 2010, we have accumulated a net loss of approximately $207 million. We cannot provide any assurance that we will achieve profitability or obtain the required funding, regulatory approvals or complete additional corporate partnering or acquisition transactions to advance our products to commercial-stage development.

Clinical Development

          Our clinical development programs are focused on the utilization of our TRCs for cardiac and vascular regeneration. Our TRC-based cell therapies have a 72-hour shelf-life which we believe provides additional flexibility in transport and scheduling treatment for patients.

          The mixture of cell types in TRC-based therapies is capable of developing into cardiac, vascular and other tissues. We have demonstrated in the laboratory that cells in TRC-based therapies can differentiate into endothelial (blood vessel) lineages. In addition, TRC treatment in both rat and mouse models of critical limb ischemia have shown evidence of angiogenesis and increased tissue perfusion, respectively. These preclinical observations support our current clinical-stage research at treatment centers where we are exploring the use of TRC-based therapies to regenerate cardiac tissue in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and vascular tissue in patients with critical limb ischemia.

          Results to date in our current clinical trials may not be indicative of results obtained from subsequent patients in those trials or from future clinical trials. Further, our future clinical trials may not be successful and we may not be able to obtain the required Biologic License Application (BLA) registration in the U.S. or required foreign regulatory approvals for our TRC-based products in a timely fashion, or at all.

Clinical Trials Summary

          Cardiac Regeneration

          Dilated Cardiomyopathy — Background

          DCM is a severe, chronic cardiac disease that leads to enlargement of the heart and is associated with reduced heart pumping function to the point that blood circulation is impaired. Patients with DCM typically present with symptoms of congestive heart failure, including limitations in physical activity and shortness of breath. DCM generally occurs in patients who have ischemic heart failure due to multiple heart attacks, though it can also be found in patients with non-ischemic heart failure caused by hypertension, viral infection, metabolic abnormalities and other causes. Patient prognosis depends on the stage of the disease but is typically characterized by a high mortality rate. Other than heart transplantation, there are currently no curative treatment options for end-stage patients with this disease. The New England Journal of Medicine estimates that in the U.S. alone 120,000 people currently suffer from this disease; other sources estimate that the patient population with DCM may be as high as 150,000.

          Early clinical data in the treatment of DCM with TRCs was obtained from two DCM patients treated in 2007 at the University Hospital in Düsseldorf, Germany. These two patients showed 15-20% improvement in their left ventricular ejection fraction approximately 2 months after treatment with TRCs. One patient maintained this improvement after 7 months of follow-up; however, the other died due to natural causes after declining further medical treatment. These data provided supportive information critical to the success of the U.S. Phase II IMPACT-DCM IND application.

          Dilated Cardiomyopathy — Surgical Trial

          In November 2008, the first patient was treated in the 40-patient U.S. IMPACT-DCM surgical trial to evaluate TRCs in the treatment of DCM. This randomized, controlled, prospective, open-label, Phase II study was designed using two strata to include 20 patients with ischemic DCM and 20 patients with non-ischemic DCM. TRCs, manufactured using our TRC technology, received Orphan Drug Designation from the FDA for the treatment of DCM in February 2007. The FDA activated our Investigational New Drug (IND) application for this clinical trial in May 2008.

          Full IMPACT-DCM enrollment of 40 patients was completed in January 2010 with the final patient treated in March 2010 and with patients enrolled at five U.S. clinical sites (Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, Cleveland Clinic Heart & Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, and Emory University Hospital Midtown, Atlanta, GA). We anticipate collecting 6-month interim data from this trial upon completion of 6-month follow-up visits for all patients during the third quarter of calendar year 2010; the interim analysis results are planned to be reported in the fourth quarter of calendar year 2010.

          Participants in the IMPACT-DCM clinical trial have to be in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III or IV heart failure, must have an LVEF of less than or equal to 30% (60-75% is typical for a healthy person), and meet certain other eligibility criteria. The IMPACT-DCM trial is a controlled trial and patients are randomized in an approximate 3:1 ratio to the treatment versus the control group within each stratum. All patients receive optimal medical therapy and patients in the treatment group are treated with CRCs through direct injection into the heart muscle during minimally invasive open heart surgery (involving an incision of approximately 2 inches). While the primary objective of this study is to assess the safety of TRCs in patients with DCM (including the incidence of ectopy and arrhythmia as well as major adverse cardiac events), efficacy measures including cardiac dimensions and tissue mass, cardiac function (e.g. cardiac output, LVEF, cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters), cardiac perfusion and viability as well as other efficacy endpoints will be monitored. NYHA functional class and quality of life are also assessed. Patients will be followed for 12 months post-treatment.

          Dilated Cardiomyopathy — Catheter Trial

          We have expanded our ongoing clinical program to evaluate TRCs in the treatment of severe heart failure patients with a second U.S. Phase II cardiac regeneration trial designed to explore a catheter-based delivery of TRCs to treat DCM patients. The first patient was enrolled into the trial in April 2010.

          This randomized, controlled, prospective, open-label, Phase II study seeks to enroll 12 patients with ischemic DCM and 12 patients with non-ischemic DCM at four clinical sites in the U.S. Participants must be in NYHA functional class III or IV heart failure, must have an LVEF of less than or equal to 30% (60-75% is typical for a healthy person) and meet certain additional eligibility criteria. All 24 patients will receive optimal medical therapy and 16 of the patients (8 ischemic and 8 non-ischemic) will also be treated with TRCs via catheter injection. The catheter trial will randomize patients in an approximate 2:1 ratio to the treatment versus control group within each ischemic/non-ischemic stratum. While the primary objective of this study is to assess the safety of TRCs delivered by catheter injection in patients with DCM, efficacy measures including heart failure stage and cardiac function parameters will also be assessed. Patients will be followed for 12 months post-treatment.

          Vascular Tissue Regeneration

          Critical Limb Ischemia — Background

          Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is a chronic disease that progressively restricts blood flow in the limbs and can lead to serious medical complications. This disease is often associated with other clinical conditions, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity and stroke. CLI is used to describe patients with the most severe forms of PAD: those with chronic ischemia-induced pain (even at rest), ulcers, tissue loss or gangrene in the limbs. CLI is typically the end stage of PAD disease. Patients suffering from this condition are critically ill, with a high risk of amputation. These patients are extremely limited in their ambulatory capacity, experience constant and chronic ischemia-induced pain, ulcers, tissue loss or gangrene to the limbs, which lead to approximately 160,000 amputations per year.

          Laboratory observations have shown that TRC-based products have the ability to form small blood vessel-like structures in vitro. TRC treatment in both rat and mouse models of critical limb ischemia have shown evidence of angiogenesis and increased tissue perfusion, respectively. These preclinical observations support our current clinical-stage research where we are exploring the use of TRC therapies to regenerate vascular tissue in patients with CLI.

          Initial results from the first clinical trial of TRCs in CLI were reported in October 2007. The trial examined the safety of TRCs and unexpanded bone marrow cells relative to standard of care in treatment of chronic diabetic foot wounds. Initial results from 13 patients after 12 month follow-up indicated similar safety profiles, with no cell-related adverse events reported. No major amputations were reported in the TRC group (N=4), one in the unexpanded bone marrow cell group (N=7), and one in the standard of care group (N=2). Patients in the TRC group and in the unexpanded bone marrow group reported healing of all open wounds; this was not observed in the standard of care group.

          Critical Limb Ischemia Trial

          Following the interim clinical results from Germany, we initiated the RESTORE-CLI trial, a U.S. Phase IIb prospective, controlled, randomized, double-blind, multi-center clinical trial to treat patients suffering from CLI. This trial is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TRCs in the treatment of CLI. Patients are being followed for a period of 12 months post-treatment. In addition to assessing the safety of TRCs, secondary endpoints include the measurement of time to treatment failure, major amputation rates, level of amputation, complete wound healing, blood flow in affected limbs, patient quality of life, pain scores and analgesic use.

          In February 2010 a planned interim analysis was performed for this study on 46 patients having completed at least 6 months of the study. We reported the safety profile was similar between the treatment and control patients. Importantly, we reported that our autologous TRCs were more effective than placebo (p>.0090), based on a composite efficacy endpoint assessing time to treatment failure (including major amputations, doubling of wound size or new gangrene). Other clinically meaningful endpoints (e.g., major amputation rate, complete wound healing) individually showed encouraging trends, but have not yet reached statistical significance at the interim analysis.

          The interim analysis was planned to assess performance of TRCs in the CLI patient population and to help plan further studies. Based on the interim findings, we concluded enrollment of new patients in February 2010 in order to complete the study as rapidly as possible, and to begin planning and discussions with the FDA for pivotal clinical trials in CLI. The last patient enrolled in this trial was treated on March 23, 2010.

Results of Operations

          Total revenues, consisting of product sales, for the quarter and nine months ended March 31, 2010 were $0 and $89,000, respectively, compared to $58,000 and $113,000, respectively, for the same periods in fiscal year 2009. The fluctuations in product sales is due to the changes in volume of cell production sales for investigator-sponsored clinical trials in Spain and limited cell manufacturing supplies to a research institute in the U.S. At such time as we satisfy applicable regulatory approval requirements, we expect the sales of our TRC cell-based products will constitute nearly all of our product sales revenues.

          Total costs and expenses increased to $4,263,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2010, compared to $4,070,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2009.

          Costs and expenses include an increase in research and development expenses to $2,845,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 from $2,785,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2009. This increase reflects continued expansion of our clinical development activities including the costs associated with recruitment and treatment of patients in our IMPACT-DCM clinical trial. Research and development expenses also included a non-cash charge relating to share-based compensation expense of $146,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 compared to $100,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2009. A reversal of $171,000 was recorded for the quarter ended March 31, 2010, in share-based compensation expense for certain stock options no longer expected to vest related to employee terminations and forfeitures.

          Selling, general and administrative expenses increased for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 to $1,418,000 from $1,260,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2009. This increase is primarily the result of increased legal fees and contract services. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2010, included a non-cash charge relating to share-based compensation expense of $225,000 compared to $273,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2009. A reversal of $125,000 was recorded for the quarter ended March 31, 2010, in share-based compensation expense for certain stock options no longer expected to vest related to employee terminations and forfeitures.

          Total costs and expenses increased to $12,753,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2010, compared to $12,296,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2009.

          Research and development expenses increased for the nine months ended March 31, 2010 to $9,039,000 from $8,340,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2009. This increase reflects continued expansion of our clinical development activities including the costs associated with recruitment and treatment of patients in our IMPACT-DCM clinical trial. Research and development expenses also included a non-cash charge relating to stock-based compensation expense of $506,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2010 compared to $435,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2009. A reversal of $171,000 was recorded for the nine months ended March 31, 2010, in share-based compensation expense for certain stock options no longer expected to vest related to employee terminations and forfeitures.

          Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased for the nine months ended March 31, 2010 to $3,680,000 from $3,909,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2009. This decrease is primarily due to an offset of $404,000 in share-based compensation expense recorded for certain stock options no longer expected to vest related to employee terminations and forfeitures. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended March 31, 2010, included a non-cash charge relating to share-based compensation expense of $494,000 compared to $694,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2009.

          Income (expense) from the change in fair value of warrants was $1,559,000 and $1,823,000 for the quarter and nine months ended March 31, 2010, respectively, compared to $481,000 and $(61,000) for the quarter and nine months ended March 31, 2009, respectively. The fluctuations are due primarily to issuances of warrants in the January 2010 financing and changes in the fair value of our common stock and the related impact on our warrant liabilities.

          Interest income was $34,000 and $83,000, respectively, for the quarter and nine months ended March 31, 2010 compared to $57,000 and $253,000, respectively, for the same periods in fiscal 2009. The fluctuations in interest income are due primarily to corresponding changes in the level of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments during the periods and lower interest rates.

          Interest expense was $9,000 and $33,000, respectively, for the quarter and nine months ended March 31, 2010 compared to $17,000 and $58,000, respectively, for the same periods in fiscal 2009. Interest expense is related to the secured loan with Key Equipment Finance Inc.

          Our net loss was $2,679,000, or $0.10 per common share for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 compared to $3,491,000, or $0.19 per common share for the quarter ended March 31, 2009. For the nine months ended March 31, 2010, our net loss decreased to $10,791,000, or $0.47 per common share compared to a net loss of $12,049,000, or $0.70 per common share for the nine months ended March 31, 2009. The fluctuations are due primarily to the change in fair value of warrants as described above.

          On April 27, 2010, Moll Industries, a supplier of the cell culture cassettes used in the production of TRC-based products, filed for bankruptcy protection in a Delaware court. Although we believe we have adequate supplies of these materials for our anticipated uses, there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue our present arrangements with Moll or, if necessary, establish new relationships on the same or similar terms as we have with Moll. Although we anticipate that the cell culture cassettes will be able to be manufactured for us on the same or similar terms as Moll is currently providing, any increase in the cost of these cassettes could increase our research and development expense which may have a material adverse affect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009.

          Our major ongoing research and development programs are focused on the clinical development of TRC-based products, bone marrow-derived adult stem and early progenitor cells, for use in cardiac regeneration, as well as vascular regeneration. We have reprioritized our clinical development programs to focus on cardiovascular applications including our Phase II IMPACT-DCM (dilated cardiomyopathy) trial and our Phase IIb RESTORE-CLI (critical limb ischemia) trial. These potential product applications use TRC technology, our proprietary cells and platform manufacturing technologies. We are also completing other research and development activities using our TRC-based products that are intended to improve the functionality for certain clinical indications and to decrease the cost of manufacturing our TRC-based products.

          Because of the uncertainties of clinical trials and the evolving regulatory requirements applicable to TRC-based products, estimating the completion dates or cost to complete our major research and development program would be highly speculative and subjective. The risks and uncertainties associated with developing our products, including significant and changing governmental regulation and the uncertainty of future clinical study results, are discussed in greater detail in the “Any changes in the governmental regulatory classifications of our products could prevent, limit or delay our ability to market or develop our products,” “Our inability to complete our product development activities successfully would severely limit our ability to operate or finance operations,” and “We must successfully complete our clinical trials to be able to market certain of our products” in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009. The potentially lengthy process of seeking regulatory approvals for our product candidates, and the subsequent compliance with applicable regulations, will require the expenditure of substantial resources. Any failure by us to obtain, or any delay in obtaining, regulatory approvals could cause our research and development expenditures to increase and, in turn, have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. We cannot be certain when any net cash inflow from products validated under our major research and development project, if any, will commence.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

          We have financed our operations since inception primarily through public and private sales of our equity securities, which, from inception through March 31, 2010, have totaled approximately $218 million and, to a lesser degree, through grant funding, payments received under research agreements and collaborations, interest earned on cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, and funding under equipment leasing agreements. These financing sources have generally allowed us to maintain adequate levels of cash and other liquid investments.

          Our combined cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled $22,844,000 at March 31, 2010, an increase of $5,844,000 from June 30, 2009. During the nine months ended March 31, 2010, the primary source of cash and cash equivalents was from equity transactions, of which net proceeds of $17,500,000 were raised through sales of our equity securities pursuant to the June 2009 agreement with Fusion Capital and an underwritten public offering of public offering of our common stock and warrants. The primary uses of cash and cash equivalents during the nine months ended March 31, 2010 included $11,430,000 to finance our operations and working capital requirements, and $103,000 in capital equipment additions. Our combined cash and cash equivalents at April 30, 2010 was approximately $21,556,000.

          In our underwriting agreement with Oppenheimer & Co. Inc., we have agreed not to issue or sell any securities under our existing financing agreement with Fusion Capital or otherwise enter into any similar equity financing program with any third party for a period of 180 days from the date of the prospectus supplement (January 15, 2010) without the prior written consent of Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. Pursuant to our financing agreement with Fusion Capital we are not able to put shares to Fusion Capital for purchase so long as our stock price is below $2.88.

          Our monthly cash utilization has average approximately $1.3 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2010. We expect our monthly cash utilization for the remainder of fiscal year 2010 to average approximately $1.4 million per month due to increased expenses to conduct our IMPACT-DCM clinical trial.

          Our future cash requirements will depend on many factors, including continued scientific progress in our research and development programs, the scope and results of clinical trials, the time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory approvals, the costs involved in filing, prosecuting and enforcing patents, competing technological and market developments, costs of possible acquisition or development of complementary business activities and the cost of product commercialization. We do not expect to generate a positive cash flow from operations for at least the next several years due to the expected spending for research and development programs and the cost of commercializing our product candidates. We intend to seek additional funding through research and development agreements or grants, distribution and marketing agreements and through public or private debt or equity financing transactions. Successful future operations are subject to several technical and risk factors, including our continued ability to obtain future funding, satisfactory product development, obtaining regulatory approval and market acceptance for our products. We expect that our available cash and expected interest income will be sufficient to finance current planned activities at least through March 31, 2011, in part due to the fact that many of our expenditures are discretionary in nature and could, if necessary, be delayed. These estimates are based on certain assumptions. See “Results of Operations” above. In order to grow and expand our business, to introduce our product candidates into the marketplace and to possibly acquire or develop complementary business activities, we will need to raise additional funds. We will also need additional funds or a collaborative partner, or both, to finance the research and development activities of our product candidates for the expansion of additional cell types. We expect that our primary sources of capital for the foreseeable future will be through collaborative arrangements and through the public or private sale of our equity or debt securities. There can be no assurance that such collaborative arrangements, or any public or private financing, will be available on acceptable terms, if at all, or can be sustained. Several factors will affect our ability to raise additional funding, including, but not limited to, market volatility of our common stock, continued stock market listing and economic conditions affecting the public markets generally or some portion or the entire technology sector. If our common stock is delisted from the NASDAQ Stock Market, the liquidity of our common stock could be impaired, and prices paid by investors to purchase our shares of our common stock could be lower than might otherwise prevail.

          On January 21, 2010, we completed the sale of 6,509,637 units (including 740,387 units sold to the underwriter pursuant to the exercise of its over-allotment option) at a public offering price of $2.08 per unit. Each unit consisted of (i) one share of common stock, (ii) a Class A warrant to purchase 0.75 of a share of common stock at an exercise price of $2.9744 per share and (iii) a Class B warrant to purchase 0.50 of a share of common stock at an exercise price of $2.08 per share. We received approximately $12.4 million in net proceeds from the sale of the units (including the partially exercised option of the over-allotment), after underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses.

          The 6,509,637 units consist of an aggregate of 6,509,637 shares of our common stock, Class A Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,882,228 shares of common stock and Class B Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 3,254,818 shares of common stock. The Class A Warrants are exercisable for a five year period commencing on July 21, 2010. The Class B Warrants are exercisable at any time from January 21, 2010 through July 21, 2010.

          If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more of our research and development programs, which may have a material adverse affect on our business. See Part I, Item 1. “Financial Statements — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A and “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

          At March 31, 2010, we were not party to any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Forward-Looking Statements

          This report, including the documents that we incorporate by reference, contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Any statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward-looking. These statements are often, but are not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “anticipates,” “estimates,” “plans,” “projects,” “trends,” “opportunity,” “comfortable,” “current,” “intention,” “position,” “assume,” “potential,” “outlook,” “remain,” “continue,” “maintain,” “sustain,” “seek,” “achieve,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expects,” “management believes,” “we believe,” “we intend” and similar words or phrases, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may,” or similar expressions. Accordingly, these statements involve estimates, assumptions and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in them. The factors described in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended June 30, 2009. Such factors, among others, could have a material adverse effect upon our business, results of operations and financial conditions.

          Because the factors referred to in the preceding paragraph could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements we make, you should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Further, any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation, unless required by law, to update any forward-looking statement or statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

          Among the factors about which we have made assumptions are:

	•		potential strategic collaborations with others;
	•		future capital needs and expected cash flows;
	•		adequacy of existing capital to support operations for a specified time;
	•		the rate and degree of progress on our product development and marketing plans;
	•		the rate of regulatory approval to proceed with clinical trial programs and the success achieved in clinical trials;

	•		enrollment in and results of our clinical trials;
	•		the requirements for marketing authorization from regulatory bodies in the U.S., E.U.and other countries;
	•		the liquidity and market volatility of our equity securities;
	•		the continued listing of our securities on the NASDAQ Capital Market;
	•		regulatory and manufacturing requirements and uncertainties;
	•		technological developments by competitors;
	•		anticipation of future losses;
	•		replacement of manufacturing sources;
	•		our products and commercialization plans; and
	•		revenue expectations and operating results.

          For further information on factors which could impact us and the statements contained herein, see Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

          Not applicable.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

          Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2010. The term “disclosure controls and procedures” is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (“the Exchange Act”). Management recognizes that any disclosure controls and procedures no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

          At the time that our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as amended by Amendment No. 1, for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 was filed on May 13, 2010, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2010. Subsequent to that evaluation, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to provide reasonable assurance as of March 31, 2010 because of a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting described below.

Material Weakness

          A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. We did not maintain effective controls relating to accounting for warrants. Specifically, we did not maintain effective controls over the identification and proper accounting treatment of certain terms and conditions in our warrant agreements. This material weakness resulted in a material misstatement of our liabilities, non-cash expense relating to the changes in fair value of common stock warrants and accumulated deficit accounts and related financial disclosures and the restatement of our consolidated financial statements for the years ended June 30, 2008, 2009 and 2010, the period from Inception to June 30, 2010, and each of the quarterly periods (including the period from Inception) from September 30, 2008 through September 30, 2010 (the “Affected Periods”) as discussed below and in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A. Additionally, this deficiency could result in misstatements of the aforementioned accounts and disclosures that would result in a material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.

Restatement of Consolidated Financial Statements

          On February 11, 2011, in connection with responding to certain comments raised by the Staff of the SEC in its periodic review of the Company’s SEC filings, the Company in consultation with its Audit Committee, concluded that its previously issued consolidated financial statements for the Affected Periods should be restated because of a misapplication in the guidance around accounting for warrants and should no longer be relied upon. However, the non-cash adjustments to the financial statements, in all of the Affected Periods, do not impact the amounts previously reported for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, operating expenses or cash flows.

Remediation Plan

          Management has been actively engaged in developing a remediation plan to address the material weakness. Implementation of the remediation plan is in process and consists of the hiring of new accounting/finance personnel and their revisiting the original accounting assessment for each of their historical warrants and assessing the original accounting and the on-going accounting impact. Management has completed this assessment during February 2011 and the results of this analysis have been used to adjust the Affected Periods in the restated documents.

          Management believes the foregoing efforts will effectively remediate the material weakness. As the Company continues to evaluate and work to improve its internal control over financial reporting, management may execute additional measures to address potential control deficiencies or modify the remediation plan described above. Management will continue to review and make necessary changes to the overall design of the Company’s internal control.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

          There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2010 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

     PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

          From time to time we receive threats or may be subject to litigation matters incidental to our business. However, we are not currently a party to any material pending legal proceedings.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

          On June 12, 2009, the Company entered into a $30.0 million common stock purchase agreement with Fusion Capital, an Illinois limited liability company. The terms of the arrangement with Fusion Capital are disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009 and there have been no changes to the terms of this arrangement during the quarter ended March 31, 2010.

          The Company did not issue any unregistered securities during the three months ended March 31, 2010. During the nine months ended March 31, 2010, 1,769,970 shares of the Company’s common stock, including 51,432 shares issued as payment of the Company’s commitment fee were issued to Fusion Capital for net proceeds of $5,100,000. The Company has an effective registration statement covering the resale by Fusion Capital of all of these shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Item 6. Exhibits

          The Exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index immediately following the Signatures, are filed as a part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A.

SIGNATURES

     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: February 24, 2011

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number		Description
4.1		Class A Warrant Agreement, dated as of January 21, 2010, by and between the Registrant and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 27, 2010)
4.2		Class B Warrant Agreement dated as of January 21, 2010, by and between the Registrant and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 27, 2010)
10.1		Underwriting Agreement, dated as of January 15, 2010, and between the Registrant and Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 15, 2010)
31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1		Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith)

GLOSSARY

TERM		DEFINITION
Adult Stem Cell		A cell present in adults that can generate a limited range of cell types as well as renew itself.
Adverse Event		Any adverse change in health or “side-effect” that occurs in a person participating in a clinical trial, from the time they consent to joining the trial until a pre-specified period of time after their treatment has been completed.
AEMPS — Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios		Spanish Drug Agency
Allogeneic		Originating from a human donor other than the patient receiving treatment (Aastrom does NOT use allogeneic cells).
ATMP — Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product		New medicinal products in the European Union based on genes (gene therapy), cells (cell therapy) and tissues (tissue engineering).
Autologous		Originating from the patient receiving treatment. (Aastrom uses only autologous cells)
BLA — Biologics License Application		An application containing product safety, efficacy and manufacturing information required by the FDA to market biologics products in the U.S (equivalent to NDA)
CBER — Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research		Branch of the FDA that regulates biological products for disease prevention and treatment that are inherently more complex than chemically synthesized pharmaceuticals.
CLI — Critical Limb Ischemia		A vascular disease characterized by insufficient blood flow in the extremities that causes severe pain, tissue loss or both.
Controlled Clinical Trial		A clinical study that compares patients receiving a specific treatment to patients receiving an alternate treatment for the condition of interest. The alternate treatment may be another active treatment, standard of care for the condition and/or a placebo (inactive) treatment.
CRC — Cardiac Repair Cell		Aastrom’s proprietary Tissue Repair Cells for cardiac indications. (Also see TRC — Tissue Repair Cell)
DCM — Dilated Cardiomyopathy		A chronic cardiac disease where dilation of the patient’s heart reduces its function to a point that the normal circulation of blood cannot be maintained.
Double-Blind Clinical Trial		Clinical trials in which neither the patient nor the physician know if the patient received the experimental treatment or a control/placebo.
EMEA — European Medicines Agency		European Union body responsible for coordinating the existing scientific resources put at its disposal by Member States for the evaluation, supervision and pharmacovigilance of medicinal products. The Agency provides the Member States and the institutions of the E.U. scientific advice on any question relating to the evaluation of the quality, safety and efficacy of medicinal products for human or veterinary use referred to it in accordance with the provisions of E.U.legislation relating to medicinal products. EMEA is similar in function to the US FDA (see FDA below).

TERM		DEFINITION
E.U. — European Union		The economic and political union of 27 member states, located primarily in Europe, for which the EMEA holds the medical regulatory power.
Ex vivo		Outside the body
FDA — Food and Drug Administration		The U.S. FDA ensures that medicines, medical devices, and radiation-emitting consumer products are safe and effective. Authorized by Congress to enforce the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and several other public health laws, the agency monitors the manufacture, import, transport, storage, and sale of $1 trillion worth of goods annually.
GCP — Good Clinical Practice		GCP is an international ethical and scientific quality standard for designing, conducting, recording and reporting trials that involve the participation of human subjects. Compliance with this standard provides public assurance that the rights, safety and well-being of trial subjects are protected, consistent with the principles that have their origin in the Declaration of Helsinki, and that the clinical trial data are credible.
GMP — Good Manufacturing Practice		GMP regulations require that manufacturers, processors, and packagers of drugs, medical devices, some food, and blood take proactive steps to ensure that their products are safe, pure, and effective. GMP regulations require a quality approach to manufacturing, enabling companies to minimize or eliminate instances of contamination, mix-ups, and errors.
GTP — Good Tissue Practice		GTP regulations help ensure that donors of human cellular and tissue-based products are free of communicable diseases and that the cells and tissues are not contaminated during manufacturing and maintain their integrity and function. Key elements of the proposed rule are: Establishment of a quality program, which would evaluate all aspects of the firm’s operations, to ensure compliance with GTP; Maintenance of an adequate organizational structure and sufficient personnel; Establishment of standard operating procedures for all significant steps in manufacturing; Maintenance of facilities, equipment and the environment; Control and validation of manufacturing processes; Provisions for adequate and appropriate storage; Record keeping and management; Maintenance of a complaint file; Procedures for tracking the product from donor to recipient, and from recipient to donor.
Hematopoietic Stem Cells		Stem cells that give rise to all blood cell types including myeloid (monocytes and macrophages, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, erythrocytes, megakaryocytes/platelets, dendritic cells), and lymphoid lineages (T-cells, B-cells, NK-cells).
IMPACT-DCM		Aastrom’s U.S. Phase II surgical clinical trial evaluating the use of CRCs in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy.
IMPD — Investigational Medicinal Product Dossier		An IMPD is now required to accompany an application to perform clinical trials in any European Member State. It provides a summary of information on the quality of the product being evaluated in a clinical trial planned to occur in a European Member State, including reference products and placebos. It also provides data from non-clinical studies and available previous clinical experience with the use of the investigational medicinal product.
In vitro		In a laboratory dish or test tube; in an artificial environment
IND — Investigational New Drug		An application submitted to the FDA for a new drug or biologic that, if allowed, will be used in a clinical trial.

TERM		DEFINITION
IRB — Institutional Review Board		A committee designated to formally approve, monitor, and review biomedical research at an institution involving humans. Institutional Review Boards aim to protect the rights and welfare of the research subjects. For Aastrom-sponsored clinical trials, IRB approval must be obtained at each individual clinical site in order for patient recruitment and treatment to commence at that site.
LVEF — Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction		The fraction of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heart beat.
Open-label Clinical Trial		A trial in which both the treating physician and the patient know whether they are receiving the experimental treatment or control treatment.
Orphan Drug Designation		“Orphan drug” refers to a drug or biologic that is intended for use in the treatment of a rare disease or condition. Orphan drug designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Association (FDA) qualifies the sponsor to receive certain benefits from the Government in exchange for developing the drug for a rare disease or condition. The drug must then go through the FDA marketing approval process like any other drug or biologic which evaluates for safety and efficacy. Usually a sponsor receives a quicker review time and lower application fees for an orphan product.
Phase I Clinical Trial		A Phase I trial represents an initial study in a small group of patients to test for safety and other relevant factors
Phase II Clinical Trial		A Phase II trial represents a study in a small number of patients to assess the safety and efficacy of a product
Phase IIb Clinical Trial		A Phase IIb trial is a moderately-sized Phase II study that is more specifically designed assess the efficacy of a product than a Phase IIa trial
Phase III Clinical Trial		Phase III studies are initiated to establish safety and efficacy in an expanded patient population at multiple clinical study sites and are generally larger than trials in earlier phases of development.
Progenitor Cells		A “parent” cell that gives rise to a distinct cell lineage by a series of cell divisions.
Prospective Clinical Trial		A clinical trial in which participants are identified and then followed for the duration of the clinical trial.
Randomized Clinical Trial		A clinical trial in which the participants are assigned randomly to treatment and control groups.
Somatic Cell		Any of the cells responsible for forming the body of an organism such as internal organs, bones, skin, connective tissues and blood.
SPP — Single-Pass Perfusion		SPP is Aastrom’s proprietary technology that controls gas and cell culture media exchange to enable the replication of early-stage stem and progenitor cells while preventing their differentiation into mature cells.
Standard of care treatment		The treatment normally prescribed in medical practice for a particular illness, injury or procedure.
Stem Cell		Unspecialized (undifferentiated) cells that retain the ability to divide throughout a lifetime and give rise to more specialized (differentiated) cells which take the place of cells that die or are lost. In culture, these undifferentiated cells possess the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and may give rise to highly specialized cells.

TERM		DEFINITION
TRC — Tissue Repair Cell		Aastrom’s cell manufacturing process begins with the collection of a small aspirate (approximately 50 ml) of bone marrow from the patient’s hip in an outpatient procedure. The sample of bone marrow is shipped to a manufacturing facility, and transferred into Aastrom’s cell manufacturing system. In this fully automated, sterile process, the stem and progenitor cell populations present in the bone marrow are greatly expanded to yield cellular products based on Aastrom’s Tissue Repair Cell (TRC) technology. The finished TRC-based product is shipped back to the physician who administers it to the original patient as an autologous cell therapy.
VRC — Vascular Repair Cell		Aastrom’s proprietary Tissue Repair Cells for Vascular indications. (Also see TRC — Tissue Repair Cell)