Attached files

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EX-23.2 - CONSENT OF LEE KEELING & ASSOCIATES - EXCO RESOURCES INCdex232.htm
EX-31.1 - CEO CERTIFICATION - EXCO RESOURCES INCdex311.htm
EX-31.2 - CFO CERTIFICATION - EXCO RESOURCES INCdex312.htm
EX-23.3 - CONSENT OF HAAS PETROLEUM ENGINEERING SERVICES - EXCO RESOURCES INCdex233.htm
EX-99.2 - REPORT OF HAAS PETROLEUM - EXCO RESOURCES INCdex992.htm
10-K/A - AMENDMENT 2 TO FORM 10-K - EXCO RESOURCES INCd10ka.htm

Exhibit 99.1

LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

TULSA OFFICE

First Place Tower

15 East Fifth Street • Suite 3500

Tulsa, Oklahoma 74103-4350

(918) 587-5521 • Fax: (918) 587-2881

  

HOUSTON OFFICE

Kellog Brown and Root Tower

601 Jefferson Ave. • Suite 3790

Houston, Texas 77002-7912

(713) 651-8006 • Fax: (281) 754-4934

  
  
  
  

January 8, 2010

EXCO Resources, Inc.

12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700

Dallas, Texas 75251

Attention: Mr. Harold L. Hickey

 

   Re:    Estimated Proved Reserves and
      Future Net Cash Flow
      Constant Pricing

Gentlemen:

In accordance with your request, we have prepared an estimate of the proved reserves and future net cash flow attributable to the interests owned by EXCO Resources, Inc. (EXCO) located in the states of Oklahoma and Texas. The reserves estimated by us for EXCO represent 6.7 per cent of the EXCO Resources, Inc. corporate reserves. This report was prepared according to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) guidelines as published in the Federal Register January 14, 2009. The effective date of our estimate is December 31, 2009, and the results are summarized as follows:

 

     ESTIMATED REMAINING
NET RESERVES
     FUTURE NET CASH
FLOW
 

RESERVE CLASSIFICATION

   Oil
(MBBL)
     Gas
(MMCF)
     Net Equiv.
(MMCFE) (1)
     Total
(M$)
     Present Worth
Disc. @ 10%
(M$)
 

Proved Developed

              

Producing

     2,012         27,963         40,035         108,693         73,155   

Non-Producing

     77         135         597         3,530         2,261   

Behind-Pipe

     48         550         838         1,998         849   
                                            

Sub-Total

     2,137         28,648         41,470         114,221         76,265   

Proved Undeveloped

     1,652         12,634         22,546         27,549         3,970   

TOTAL PROVED RESERVES

     3,789         41,282         64,016         141,770         80,235   
                                            

 

(1)

MMCFE-one million cubic feet equivalent, calculated by converting one barrel of oil to six MCF of natural gas.

Future net cash flow is the amount, exclusive of federal and state income taxes, which will accrue to the subject interests from continued operation of the properties to depletion. It should not be construed as a fair market or trading value. No provision has been made for the cost of plugging and abandoning the properties.

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


No attempt has been made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulative gas production imbalances that may exist. Likewise, no attempt has been made to determine whether the wells and facilities are in compliance with various governmental regulations. Accordingly, no costs have been included in the event the wells and facilities are not in compliance.

CLASSIFICATION OF RESERVES

Reserves assigned to the various leases and/or wells have been classified as either “proved developed” or “proved undeveloped” in accordance with the definitions of the proved reserves as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. These are as follows:

Proved Developed Oil and Gas Reserves are reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Additional oil and gas expected to be obtained through the application of fluid injection or other improved recovery techniques for supplementing the natural forces and mechanisms of primary recovery should be included as “proved developed reserves” only after testing by a pilot project or after the operation of an installed program has confirmed through production response that increased recovery will be achieved.

Proved Undeveloped Oil and Gas Reserves are reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage shall be limited to those directly offsetting development spacing areas that are reasonably certain of production when drilled, unless evidence using reliable technology exists that establishes reasonable certainty of economic producibility at greater distances. Under no circumstances should estimates for proved undeveloped reserves be attributable to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection or other improved recovery technique is contemplated, unless such techniques have been proved effective by actual tests in the area and in the same reservoir.

Proved Developed Oil and Gas Reserves attributed to the subject leases have been further classified as “proved developed producing,” “proved developed non-producing” and “proved developed behind-pipe.”

Proved Developed Producing Reserves are those reserves expected to be recovered from currently producing zones under continuation of present operating methods.

Proved Developed Non-Producing Reserves are those reserves expected to be recovered from zones that have been completed and tested but are not yet producing due to situations including, but not limited to, lack of market, minor completion problems that are expected to be corrected, or reserves expected from future stimulation treatments based on analogy to nearby wells.

 

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Proved Developed Behind-Pipe Reserves are those reserves currently behind the pipe in existing wells that are considered proved by virtue of successful testing or production in offsetting wells.

ESTIMATION OF RESERVES

The majority of the subject properties have been producing for a considerable length of time. The estimation of reserves for these wells has been based on the extrapolation of the existing historic production decline curves and/or pressure decline trends to economic limits or abandonment pressures.

Reserves anticipated from recently completed or new wells were based upon volumetric calculations or analogy with similar properties, which are producing from the same horizons in the respective areas. Structural position, net pay thickness, well productivity, gas-oil ratios, water production, pressures, and other pertinent factors were considered in the estimations of these reserves.

Reserves assigned to behind-pipe zones have been estimated based on volumetric calculations and/or analogy with other wells in the area producing from the same horizon.

FUTURE NET CASH FLOW

Oil Income

Income from the sale of oil was estimated based on the unweighted average price for West Texas Intermediate Cushing Oil, as published by the Energy Information Agency, for the first day of each month for January through December of 2009, as provided by the staff of EXCO. This reference price was $61.18 per barrel and was held constant throughout the life of each lease. The West Texas Cushing Oil price was adjusted for historical differentials between posted prices and actual field prices to reflect quality, transportation fees and regional price differences, resulting in a weighted average net price of $56.87 per barrel.

Gas Income

Income from the sale of gas was estimated based on the unweighted average price for natural gas sold at Henry Hub, as published in Platts Gas Daily, for the first day of each month for January through December of 2009, as provided by the staff of EXCO. This reference price was $3.87 per Mcf and was held constant throughout the life of each lease. The Henry Hub price was adjusted for BTU content, basis differentials, marketing and transportation costs, resulting in a weighted average net price of $4.90 per Mcf.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses were based upon actual operating costs charged by EXCO or the respective operators, as supplied by the staff of EXCO. All expenses were held constant throughout the life of each lease.

Future Expenses

 

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Provisions have been made for future expenses required for recompletion and drilling. These costs are forecast based upon current estimates, regardless of the time they are incurred.

GENERAL

Information upon which this estimate has been based was furnished by the staff of EXCO or was obtained by us from outside sources we consider to be reliable. This information is assumed correct. No attempt has been made to verify title or ownership of the subject properties.

Leases were not inspected by a representative of this firm, nor were the wells tested under our supervision; however, the performance of the majority of the wells was discussed with employees of EXCO.

This report has been prepared utilizing methods and procedures regularly used by petroleum engineers to estimate oil and gas reserves for properties of this type and character. The recovery of oil and gas reserves and projection of producing rates are dependent upon many variable factors including prudent operation, compression of gas when needed, market demand, installation of lifting equipment, and remedial work when required. The reserves included in this report have been based upon the assumption that the wells will continue to be operated in a prudent manner under the same conditions existing at the present time. Actual production results and future well data may yield additional facts, not presently available to us, which will require an adjustment to our estimates.

The reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities. They may or may not be actually recovered, and, if recovered, the revenues therefrom and the actual costs related thereto could be more or less than the estimated amounts. As in all aspects of oil and gas estimation, there are uncertainties inherent in the interpretation of engineering data and, therefore, our conclusions necessarily represent only informed professional judgments.

It should be pointed out that regulatory authorities could, in the future, change the allocation of reserves allowed to be produced from a particular well in any reservoir, thereby altering the material premise upon which our reserve estimates may be based.

The projection of cash flow has been made assuming constant prices. There is no assurance that prices will not vary. For this reason and those listed in the previous paragraph, the future net cash from the sale of production from the subject properties may vary from the estimates contained in this report.

It is our opinion that based upon our knowledge of current facts and conditions, the reserves presented in this report are a reasonable measure of EXCO’s reserves considered by us.

The information developed during the course of this investigation, basic data, maps and worksheets showing recovery determinations can be made available for inspection in our office.

This report is to be used only in its entirety.

We appreciate this opportunity to be of service to you.

Very truly yours,

 

4

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

LKA6911-EXCO Resources

 

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WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

TULSA OFFICE

First Place Tower

15 East Fifth Street • Suite 3500

Tulsa, Oklahoma 74103-4350

(918) 587-5521 • Fax: (918) 587-2881

  

HOUSTON OFFICE

Kellog Brown and Root Tower

601 Jefferson Ave. • Suite 3790

Houston, Texas 77002-7912

(713) 651-8006 • Fax: (281) 754-4934

January 8, 2010

EXCO Resources (PA), Inc.

EXCO Resources (WV), Inc.

12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700

Dallas, Texas 75251

Attention: Mr. Harold L. Hickey

 

   Re:    Estimated Proved Reserves and
     

Future Net Cash Flow

Constant Pricing

Gentlemen:

In accordance with your request, we have prepared an estimate of the proved reserves and future net cash flow attributable to the interests owned by EXCO Resources (PA), Inc. and EXCO Resources (WV), Inc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as “EXCO”) located in the states of Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. The reserves estimated by us for EXCO represent 27.2 per cent of the EXCO Resources, Inc. corporate reserves. This report was prepared according to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) guidelines as published in the Federal Register January 14, 2009. The effective date of our estimate is December 31, 2009, and the results are summarized as follows:

 

     ESTIMATED REMAINING
NET RESERVES
     FUTURE NET CASH
FLOW
 

RESERVE CLASSIFICATION

   Oil
(MBBL)
     Gas
(MMCF)
     Net Equiv.
(MMCFE) (1)
     Total
(M$)
     Present Worth
Disc. @  10%
(M$)
 

Proved Developed

              

Producing

     534         147,348         150,552         320,125         157,268   

Non-Producing

     11         4,689         4,755         13,901         4,916   

Behind-Pipe

     —           2,938         2,938         6,676         1,891   
                                            

Sub-Total

     545         154,975         158,245         340,702         164,075   

Proved Undeveloped

     161         101,334         102,300         137,357         (25,175

TOTAL PROVED RESERVES

     706         256,309         260,545         478,059         138,900   
                                            
(1)

MMCFE-one million cubic feet equivalent, calculated by converting one barrel of oil to six MCF of natural gas.

Future net cash flow is the amount, exclusive of federal and state income taxes, which will accrue to the subject interests from continued operation of the properties to depletion. It should not be construed as a fair market or trading value. No provision has been made for the cost of plugging and abandoning the properties.

 

6

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


No attempt has been made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulative gas production imbalances that may exist. Likewise, no attempt has been made to determine whether the wells and facilities are in compliance with various governmental regulations. Accordingly, no costs have been included in the event the wells and facilities are not in compliance.

CLASSIFICATION OF RESERVES

Reserves assigned to the various leases and/or wells have been classified as either “proved developed” or “proved undeveloped” in accordance with the definitions of the proved reserves as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. These are as follows:

Proved Developed Oil and Gas Reserves are reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Additional oil and gas expected to be obtained through the application of fluid injection or other improved recovery techniques for supplementing the natural forces and mechanisms of primary recovery should be included as “proved developed reserves” only after testing by a pilot project or after the operation of an installed program has confirmed through production response that increased recovery will be achieved.

Proved Undeveloped Oil and Gas Reserves are reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage shall be limited to those directly offsetting development spacing areas that are reasonably certain of production when drilled, unless evidence using reliable technology exists that establishes reasonable certainty of economic producibility at greater distances. Under no circumstances should estimates for proved undeveloped reserves be attributable to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection or other improved recovery technique is contemplated, unless such techniques have been proved effective by actual tests in the area and in the same reservoir.

Proved Developed Oil and Gas Reserves attributed to the subject leases have been further classified as “proved developed producing,” “proved developed non-producing” and “proved developed behind-pipe.”

Proved Developed Producing Reserves are those reserves expected to be recovered from currently producing zones under continuation of present operating methods.

Proved Developed Non-Producing Reserves are those reserves expected to be recovered from zones that have been completed and tested but are not yet producing due to situations including, but not limited to, lack of market, minor completion problems that are expected to be corrected, or reserves expected from future stimulation treatments based on analogy to nearby wells.

 

7

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


Proved Developed Behind-Pipe Reserves are those reserves currently behind the pipe in existing wells that are considered proved by virtue of successful testing or production in offsetting wells.

ESTIMATION OF RESERVES

The majority of the subject properties have been producing for a considerable length of time. The estimation of reserves for these wells has been based on the extrapolation of the existing historic production decline curves and/or pressure decline trends to economic limits or abandonment pressures.

Reserves anticipated from recently completed or new wells were based upon volumetric calculations or analogy with similar properties, which are producing from the same horizons in the respective areas. Structural position, net pay thickness, well productivity, gas-oil ratios, water production, pressures, and other pertinent factors were considered in the estimations of these reserves.

Reserves assigned to behind-pipe zones have been estimated based on volumetric calculations and/or analogy with other wells in the area producing from the same horizon.

FUTURE NET CASH FLOW

Oil Income

Income from the sale of oil was estimated based on the unweighted average price for West Texas Intermediate Cushing Oil, as published by the Energy Information Agency, for the first day of each month for January through December of 2009, as provided by the staff of EXCO. This reference price was $61.18 per barrel and was held constant throughout the life of each lease. The West Texas Cushing Oil price was adjusted for historical differentials between posted prices and actual field prices to reflect quality, transportation fees and regional price differences, resulting in a weighted average net price of $53.96 per barrel.

Gas Income

Income from the sale of gas was estimated based on the unweighted average price for natural gas sold at Henry Hub, as published in Platts Gas Daily, for the first day of each month for January through December of 2009, as provided by the staff of EXCO. This reference price was $3.87 per Mcf and was held constant throughout the life of each lease. The Henry Hub price was adjusted for BTU content, basis differentials, marketing and transportation costs, resulting in a weighted average net price of $4.04 per Mcf.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses were based upon actual operating costs charged by EXCO or the respective operators, as supplied by the staff of EXCO. All expenses were held constant throughout the life of each lease.

Future Expenses

 

8

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


Provisions have been made for future expenses required for recompletion and drilling. These costs are forecast based upon current estimates, regardless of the time they are incurred.

 

9

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


GENERAL

Information upon which this estimate has been based was furnished by the staff of EXCO or was obtained by us from outside sources we consider to be reliable. This information is assumed correct. No attempt has been made to verify title or ownership of the subject properties.

Leases were not inspected by a representative of this firm, nor were the wells tested under our supervision; however, the performance of the majority of the wells was discussed with employees of EXCO.

This report has been prepared utilizing methods and procedures regularly used by petroleum engineers to estimate oil and gas reserves for properties of this type and character. The recovery of oil and gas reserves and projection of producing rates are dependent upon many variable factors including prudent operation, compression of gas when needed, market demand, installation of lifting equipment, and remedial work when required. The reserves included in this report have been based upon the assumption that the wells will continue to be operated in a prudent manner under the same conditions existing at the present time. Actual production results and future well data may yield additional facts, not presently available to us, which will require an adjustment to our estimates.

The reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities. They may or may not be actually recovered, and, if recovered, the revenues therefrom and the actual costs related thereto could be more or less than the estimated amounts. As in all aspects of oil and gas estimation, there are uncertainties inherent in the interpretation of engineering data and, therefore, our conclusions necessarily represent only informed professional judgments.

It should be pointed out that regulatory authorities could, in the future, change the allocation of reserves allowed to be produced from a particular well in any reservoir, thereby altering the material premise upon which our reserve estimates may be based.

The projection of cash flow has been made assuming constant prices. There is no assurance that prices will not vary. For this reason and those listed in the previous paragraph, the future net cash from the sale of production from the subject properties may vary from the estimates contained in this report.

It is our opinion that based upon our knowledge of current facts and conditions, the reserves presented in this report are a reasonable measure of EXCO’s reserves considered by us.

The information developed during the course of this investigation, basic data, maps and worksheets showing recovery determinations can be made available for inspection in our office.

This report is to be used only in its entirety.

We appreciate this opportunity to be of service to you.

Very truly yours,                                             

LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

LKA6911-EXCO (PA) & (WV)

 

10

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

TULSA OFFICE

First Place Tower

15 East Fifth Street • Suite 3500

Tulsa, Oklahoma 74103-4350

(918) 587-5521 • Fax: (918) 587-2881

  

HOUSTON OFFICE

Kellog Brown and Root Tower

601 Jefferson Ave. • Suite 3790

Houston, Texas 77002-7912

(713) 651-8006 • Fax: (281) 754-4934

January 8, 2010

EXCO Operating Company, LP

12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700

Dallas, Texas 75251

Attention: Mr. Harold L. Hickey

 

   Re:    Estimated Proved Reserves and
     

Future Net Cash Flow

Constant Pricing

Gentlemen:

In accordance with your request, we have prepared an estimate of the proved reserves and future net cash flow attributable to the interests owned by EXCO Operating Company, LP (EOC) located in the states of Louisiana and Texas. The reserves estimated by us for EOC represent 49.7 per cent of the EXCO Resources, Inc. corporate reserves. This report was prepared according to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) guidelines as published in the Federal Register January 14, 2009. The effective date of our estimate is December 31, 2009, and the results are summarized as follows:

 

RESERVE CLASSIFICATION

   ESTIMATED REMAINING
NET RESERVES
     FUTURE NET CASH
FLOW
 
   Oil
(MBBL)
     Gas
(MMCF)
     Net Equiv.
(MMCFE)

(1)
     Total
(M$)
     Present Worth
Disc. @ 10%
(M$)
 

Proved Developed

              

Producing

     696         335,709         339,885         575,882         352,396   

Non-Producing

     12         32,746         32,818         78,142         27,871   

Behind-Pipe

     115         32,332         33,022         67,952         23,946   
                                            

Sub-Total

     823         400,787         405,725         721,976         404,213   

Proved Undeveloped

     199         69,238         70,432         33,433         (20,382

TOTAL PROVED RESERVES

     1,022         470,025         476,157         755,409         383,831   
                                            

 

(1)

MMCFE-one million cubic feet equivalent, calculated by converting one barrel of oil to six MCF of natural gas.

Future net cash flow is the amount, exclusive of federal and state income taxes, which will accrue to the subject interests from continued operation of the properties to depletion. It should not be construed as a fair market or trading value. No provision has been made for the cost of plugging and abandoning the properties.

 

11

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


No attempt has been made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulative gas production imbalances that may exist. Likewise, no attempt has been made to determine whether the wells and facilities are in compliance with various governmental regulations. Accordingly, no costs have been included in the event the wells and facilities are not in compliance.

CLASSIFICATION OF RESERVES

Reserves assigned to the various leases and/or wells have been classified as either “proved developed” or “proved undeveloped” in accordance with the definitions of the proved reserves as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. These are as follows:

Proved Developed Oil and Gas Reserves are reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Additional oil and gas expected to be obtained through the application of fluid injection or other improved recovery techniques for supplementing the natural forces and mechanisms of primary recovery should be included as “proved developed reserves” only after testing by a pilot project or after the operation of an installed program has confirmed through production response that increased recovery will be achieved.

Proved Undeveloped Oil and Gas Reserves are reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage shall be limited to those directly offsetting development spacing areas that are reasonably certain of production when drilled, unless evidence using reliable technology exists that establishes reasonable certainty of economic producibility at greater distances. Under no circumstances should estimates for proved undeveloped reserves be attributable to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection or other improved recovery technique is contemplated, unless such techniques have been proved effective by actual tests in the area and in the same reservoir.

Proved Developed Oil and Gas Reserves attributed to the subject leases have been further classified as “proved developed producing,” “proved developed non-producing” and “proved developed behind-pipe.”

Proved Developed Producing Reserves are those reserves expected to be recovered from currently producing zones under continuation of present operating methods.

Proved Developed Non-Producing Reserves are those reserves expected to be recovered from zones that have been completed and tested but are not yet producing due to situations including, but not limited to, lack of market, minor completion problems that are expected to be corrected, or reserves expected from future stimulation treatments based on analogy to nearby wells.

 

12

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


Proved Developed Behind-Pipe Reserves are those reserves currently behind the pipe in existing wells that are considered proved by virtue of successful testing or production in offsetting wells.

ESTIMATION OF RESERVES

The majority of the subject properties have been producing for a considerable length of time. The estimation of reserves for these wells has been based on the extrapolation of the existing historic production decline curves and/or pressure decline trends to economic limits or abandonment pressures.

Reserves anticipated from recently completed or new wells were based upon volumetric calculations or analogy with similar properties, which are producing from the same horizons in the respective areas. Structural position, net pay thickness, well productivity, gas-oil ratios, water production, pressures, and other pertinent factors were considered in the estimations of these reserves.

Reserves assigned to behind-pipe zones have been estimated based on volumetric calculations and/or analogy with other wells in the area producing from the same horizon.

FUTURE NET CASH FLOW

Oil Income

Income from the sale of oil was estimated based on the unweighted average price for West Texas Intermediate Cushing Oil, as published by the Energy Information Agency, for the first day of each month for January through December of 2009, as provided by the staff of EXCO. This reference price was $61.18 per barrel and was held constant throughout the life of each lease. The West Texas Cushing Oil price was adjusted for historical differentials between posted prices and actual field prices to reflect quality, transportation fees and regional price differences, resulting in a weighted average net price of $58.59 per barrel.

Gas Income

Income from the sale of gas was estimated based on the unweighted average price for natural gas sold at Henry Hub, as published in Platts Gas Daily, for the first day of each month for January through December of 2009, as provided by the staff of EXCO. This reference price was $3.87 per Mcf and was held constant throughout the life of each lease. The Henry Hub price was adjusted for BTU content, basis differentials, marketing and transportation costs, resulting in a weighted average net price of $3.18 per Mcf.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses were based upon actual operating costs charged by EOC or the respective operators, as supplied by the staff of EOC. All expenses were held constant throughout the life of each lease.

Future Expenses

 

13

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Provisions have been made for future expenses required for recompletion and drilling. These costs are forecast based upon current estimates, regardless of the time they are incurred.

 

14

WWW.LKAENGINEERS.COM


GENERAL

Information upon which this estimate has been based was furnished by the staff of EOC or was obtained by us from outside sources we consider to be reliable. This information is assumed correct. No attempt has been made to verify title or ownership of the subject properties.

Leases were not inspected by a representative of this firm, nor were the wells tested under our supervision; however, the performance of the majority of the wells was discussed with employees of EOC.

This report has been prepared utilizing methods and procedures regularly used by petroleum engineers to estimate oil and gas reserves for properties of this type and character. The recovery of oil and gas reserves and projection of producing rates are dependent upon many variable factors including prudent operation, compression of gas when needed, market demand, installation of lifting equipment, and remedial work when required. The reserves included in this report have been based upon the assumption that the wells will continue to be operated in a prudent manner under the same conditions existing at the present time. Actual production results and future well data may yield additional facts, not presently available to us, which will require an adjustment to our estimates.

The reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities. They may or may not be actually recovered, and, if recovered, the revenues therefrom and the actual costs related thereto could be more or less than the estimated amounts. As in all aspects of oil and gas estimation, there are uncertainties inherent in the interpretation of engineering data and, therefore, our conclusions necessarily represent only informed professional judgments.

It should be pointed out that regulatory authorities could, in the future, change the allocation of reserves allowed to be produced from a particular well in any reservoir, thereby altering the material premise upon which our reserve estimates may be based.

The projection of cash flow has been made assuming constant prices. There is no assurance that prices will not vary. For this reason and those listed in the previous paragraph, the future net cash from the sale of production from the subject properties may vary from the estimates contained in this report.

It is our opinion that based upon our knowledge of current facts and conditions, the reserves presented in this report are a reasonable measure of EOC’s reserves considered by us.

The information developed during the course of this investigation, basic data, maps and worksheets showing recovery determinations can be made available for inspection in our office.

This report is to be used only in its entirety.

We appreciate this opportunity to be of service to you.

Very truly yours,

/s/ LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

LKA6911-EOC Operating

 

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