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EX-32.2 - SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER - Black Creek Diversified Property Fund Inc.dex322.htm
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EX-32.1 - SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER - Black Creek Diversified Property Fund Inc.dex321.htm
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-K

 

 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 000-52596

 

 

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Maryland   30-0309068

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

518 Seventeenth Street, 17th Floor, Denver, CO   80202
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

(303) 228-2200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Common Stock, $0.01 par value

Name of each exchange on which registered

None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or if such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ¨    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  ¨   Accelerated filer  ¨  

Non-accelerated filer  x

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

  Smaller reporting company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Since there was no established market for the voting and non-voting common stock as of June 30, 2009, there was no market value for the shares of such stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of such date. As of March 22, 2010, there were 182,838,676 shares of common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which we anticipate to be held in June 2010, are incorporated by reference in Part III.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

For the Year Ended December 31, 2009

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I

Item 1.

  

Business

   4

Item 1A.

  

Risk Factors

   12

Item 1B.

  

Unresolved Staff Comments

   39

Item 2.

  

Properties

   40

Item 3.

  

Legal Proceedings

   41

Item 4.

  

Reserved

   41
PART II

Item 5.

  

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

   42

Item 6.

  

Selected Financial Data

   48

Item 7.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   49

Item 7A.

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

   75

Item 8.

  

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

   75

Item 9.

  

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

   75

Item 9A.

  

Controls and Procedures

   76

Item 9B.

  

Other Information

   76
PART III

Item 10.

  

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

   77

Item 11.

  

Executive Compensation

   77

Item 12.

  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

   77

Item 13.

  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

   77

Item 14.

  

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

   77
PART IV

Item 15.

  

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

   78


Table of Contents

Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes certain statements that may be deemed to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Such forward-looking statements relate to, without limitation, our future capital expenditures, distributions and acquisitions (including the amount and nature thereof), other development trends of the real estate industry, business strategies, and the expansion and growth of our operations. These statements are based on certain assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and our perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors we believe are appropriate. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Such statements are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by the use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend,” “project,” “continue,” or the negative of these words, or other similar words or terms. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Among the factors that may cause our results to vary are general economic and business (particularly real estate and capital market) conditions being less favorable than expected, the business opportunities that may be presented to and pursued by us, changes in laws or regulations (including changes to laws governing the taxation of REITs), risk of acquisitions, availability and creditworthiness of prospective customers, availability of capital (debt and equity), interest rate fluctuations, competition, supply and demand for properties in our current and any proposed market areas, customers’ ability to pay rent at current or increased levels, accounting principles, policies and guidelines applicable to REITs, environmental, regulatory and/or safety requirements, customer bankruptcies and defaults, the availability and cost of comprehensive insurance, including coverage for terrorist acts, and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. For further discussion of these and other factors, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of future events, new information or otherwise.

 

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PART I

 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Overview

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. is a Maryland corporation formed on April 11, 2005 to invest in a diverse portfolio of real property and real estate related investments. As used herein, “the Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries and partnerships except where the context otherwise requires.

We operate in a manner intended to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2006, when we first elected REIT status. We utilize an Umbrella Partnership Real Estate Investment Trust (“UPREIT”) organizational structure to hold all or substantially all of our assets through our operating partnership, Dividend Capital Total Realty Operating Partnership, L.P. (our “Operating Partnership”). Furthermore, our Operating Partnership wholly owns a taxable REIT subsidiary, DCTRT Leasing Corp. (the “TRS”), through which we execute certain business transactions that might otherwise have an adverse impact on our status as a REIT if such business transactions were to occur directly or indirectly through our Operating Partnership.

Our day-to-day activities are managed by Dividend Capital Total Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”), an affiliate, under the terms and conditions of an advisory agreement (as amended from time to time the “Advisory Agreement”). The Advisor and its affiliates receive various forms of compensation, reimbursements and fees for services relating to the investment and management of our real estate assets.

As of the close of business on September 30, 2009, we terminated the primary portion of our public offering of shares of our common stock and ceased accepting new subscriptions to purchase shares of our common stock. However, we have offered and will continue to offer shares of common stock through our distribution reinvestment plan, (the “DRIP Plan”). As a result of the termination of the primary portion of our public offering, we terminated our dealer manager agreements with Dividend Capital Securities LLC (the “Dealer Manager”), one of our affiliates, that served as the dealer manager of our public offerings. Subsequent to December 31, 2009, we also terminated our dealer manager agreements with the Dealer Manager covering our private placement offerings.

We have raised equity capital through (i) selling shares of our common stock through our public offerings, (ii) reinvestment of dividends by our stockholders through our DRIP Plan and (iii) our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings (see Note 8 in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K). We will continue to raise equity capital through the reinvestment of dividends by our stockholders through our DRIP Plan. As of December 31, 2009, we raised approximately $1.8 billion in net proceeds comprised of (i) approximately $1.5 billion (net of redemptions and selling costs) from the sale of approximately 170.0 million shares of our common stock pursuant to our primary offerings of common stock, (ii) approximately $120.8 million from the sale of 12.8 million shares sold pursuant to our DRIP Plan and (iii) net proceeds of approximately $164.8 million pursuant to our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings.

We have invested in a diverse portfolio of real properties, debt related investments and real estate securities. We primarily seek to invest in real property consisting of office, industrial, retail, multifamily, hospitality and other properties, primarily located in North America. Additionally, we have invested in certain debt related investments, including originating and participating in mortgage loans secured by real estate, junior portions of first mortgages on commercial properties (“B-notes”), mezzanine debt and other related investments and real estate securities, including securities issued by other real estate companies, commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), and commercial real estate collateralized debt obligations (“CRE-CDOs”).

As of December 31, 2009, we had gross investments of approximately $1.9 billion, comprised of approximately (i) $1.7 billion in real property, (ii) $157.9 million in net debt related investments, including a $17.4 million investment in an unconsolidated joint venture and (iii) $72.7 million in real estate securities.

 

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As of December 31, 2009, we had three business segments: (i) investments in real property, (ii) debt related investments and (iii) investments in real estate securities. Operating results from our three business segments are discussed further in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Note 15 to our financial statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Investment Objectives

As stated in our articles of incorporation, our primary investment objectives are:

 

   

providing portfolio diversification;

 

   

providing current income to our stockholders in the form of consistent quarterly cash distributions;

 

   

preserving and protecting our stockholders’ capital investments; and

 

   

realizing capital appreciation upon the potential sale of our assets.

There is no assurance that we will attain our investment objectives. Our charter places numerous limitations on us with respect to the manner in which we may invest our funds. In most cases these limitations cannot be changed unless our charter is amended, which may require the approval of our stockholders.

Investment Strategy

We believe that we can achieve the investment objectives stated above by executing an investment strategy that provides investors seeking a general real estate allocation with a broadly diversified portfolio of real property and other real estate related investments. Our Advisor has primary responsibility for implementing our investment strategy and for actively monitoring and managing our overall portfolio to achieve diversification across multiple dimensions including:

 

   

investment types, including real properties, debt related investments and real estate securities;

 

   

real property types (such as office, industrial, retail, multifamily, hospitality and others);

 

   

various geographic markets; and

 

   

diversified tenant profiles and lease terms.

We believe that a diversified investment portfolio may potentially offer investors significant benefits for a given level of risk relative to a more concentrated investment portfolio. We also believe that most real estate markets are cyclical in nature, and therefore, we believe that a diversified investment strategy may allow us to more effectively deploy capital into sectors and geographies where the underlying investment fundamentals are relatively strong and away from sectors where such fundamentals are relatively weak. In addition, we believe that a diversified tenant base, achieved by investing in multiple real property sectors, may mitigate the economic impacts associated with a single tenant or type of tenant potentially defaulting under its lease, such leases being the primary source of revenue for most real property investments.

Furthermore, we believe that an investment strategy that combines real property investments with debt related and real estate securities investments may offer investors additional diversification and current income benefits. However, there is no assurance that we will be successful in creating a diversified portfolio or that such a portfolio will provide greater benefits to stockholders than a portfolio that is more concentrated in any particular individual real estate investment sector.

Diversification Across Real Estate Investment Types

Over the long term, we intend to invest on average 70% to 80%, but in any event no less than 60%, of our total assets in real properties, and we intend to invest on average 20% to 30%, but in any event no more than 40%, of our total assets in a combination of debt related investments and real estate securities. These relative proportions are subject to change based upon market conditions and other potential factors.

 

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The chart below describes the diversification of our investment portfolio across real estate investment type. Percentages in the chart correspond to investments as reported on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2009, which, for our real property and debt related investments, is based on our gross investment amount and, for our real estate securities investments, is based on fair value.

LOGO

Real Property

We generally utilize a long-term buy and hold strategy for investments within our portfolio of real property assets. The majority of our current portfolio consists of primarily “core” or “core-plus” properties that have significant operating histories and existing leases whereby the majority of the total investment return is expected to be derived from current income. In addition, we have invested in a relatively smaller proportion of “value added” opportunities that have arisen in circumstances where we have determined that a real property may be situationally undervalued or where product re-positioning, capital expenditures and/or improved property management may increase cash flows, and where the total investment return is generally expected to have a relatively larger component derived from capital appreciation. As of December 31, 2009, we had invested in a total of 79 operating properties located in 27 geographic markets throughout the United States at a total gross investment amount of approximately $1.7 billion comprising approximately 13.0 million net rentable square feet.

We may not invest in excess of 10% of the aggregate cost of our real property assets within our portfolio in unimproved land or real properties that are not expected to produce income within two years of their acquisition. The specific number and mix of real properties we acquire in the future will depend upon real estate market conditions and other circumstances existing at the time we make an acquisition, including the availability of financing.

Debt Related Investments

To date, our debt related investments have consisted primarily of (i) originations and participations in mortgage loans secured by real estate, (ii) junior portions of first mortgages on commercial properties (“B-notes”) and (iii) mezzanine debt and other related investments secured by equity interests in entities that indirectly own real properties. As of December 31, 2009, we had debt related investments with a total gross investment amount of approximately $157.9 million.

We will not make any debt related or real estate securities investments if it would cause us to exceed our intended allocation of overall debt related or real estate securities investments. In the future, the specific number and mix of debt related or real estate securities investments in which we invest will depend upon real estate market conditions and other circumstances existing at the time we make an investment, including the availability

 

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of financing. We will not invest in securities of other issuers for the purpose of exercising control, and the first or second mortgages in which we intend to invest will likely not be insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration or otherwise guaranteed or insured.

Real Estate Securities

To date, our primary targeted real estate securities have included a combination of (i) perpetual preferred securities of publicly traded REITs and (ii) debt securities such as CMBS and various forms of CRE-CDOs. As of December 31, 2009, we had invested approximately $246.6 million in various real estate securities, which as of such date had a total market value of approximately $72.7 million.

Diversification Across Real Property Types

We seek to invest in multiple real property types, consisting primarily of office, industrial, retail, multifamily, hospitality and other real property types. We believe that most real property types are cyclical in nature, and therefore, we believe that diversifying our targeted real property types may allow us to deploy capital into real property types where the underlying investment fundamentals are relatively stronger, improving our ability to optimize investment returns.

The chart below describes the diversification of our investment portfolio across real property type. Percentages in the chart correspond to investments as reported on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2009, which, for our real property and debt related investments, is based on our gross investment amount and, for our real estate securities investments, is based on fair value.

LOGO

 

(1) Certain of our investments in real estate securities are classified as “diversified” due to the fact that the underlying assets consist of multiple investments that are inherently diversified across various property types.

Diversification Across Geographic Regions

Through our investments in real property and debt related investments, we also seek diversification across multiple geographic regions located in the United States. The chart below describes our current allocations across geographic regions located within the continental United States, as defined by the National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries (“NCREIF”), for our operating real property and debt related investments. Percentages in the chart correspond to investments as reported on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2009, which, for our real property and debt related investments, is based on our gross investment amount. As of

 

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December 31, 2009, our real property investments were geographically diversified across 27 markets throughout eight regions. Our debt related investments are located in three additional markets resulting in a combined portfolio allocation across 30 markets and eight regions.

LOGO

We anticipate that the majority of our real property investments will be made in the United States, although we may also invest in Canada and Mexico, and potentially elsewhere on a limited basis, to the extent opportunities exist that may help us meet our investment objectives.

Diversification Across Tenant Profiles and Lease Terms

We believe that the tenant base that occupies our real property assets is generally stable and well-diversified. As of December 31, 2009, our consolidated operating real properties had leases with approximately 392 tenants. We intend to maintain a well-diversified mix of tenants to limit our exposure to any single tenant or industry. Our diversified investment strategy inherently provides for tenant diversity and we continue to monitor our exposure relative to our larger tenant industry sectors. The following table describes our top ten tenant industry sectors based on annualized base rent as of December 31, 2009. Other tenant industry sectors include 20 additional industry sectors, none of which comprised more than 3.2% of our annualized base rent as of December 31, 2009.

 

Industry Sector

   Number of
Leases
   Annualized
Base Rent (1)
   % of
Annualized
Base Rent
    Occupied
Square Feet
   % of
Occupied
Square Feet
 

Grocery Stores

   23    $ 18,562    16.5   1,311    10.9

Electronics

   19      8,385    7.5   1,101    9.2

Professional Services

   51      7,309    6.5   329    2.7

Finance/Insurance/Real Estate

   64      7,006    6.2   272    2.3

Healthcare/Medical

   35      6,846    6.1   753    6.3

Consumer/General Retail

   62      5,893    5.2   897    7.5

Clothing/Apparel

   27      5,350    4.8   480    4.0

Scientific R&D/Pharmaceutical

   3      4,770    4.2   472    3.9

Restaurant

   56      4,574    4.1   185    1.5

Telecommunications

   13      4,418    3.9   156    1.3
                             

Total

   353    $ 73,113    65.0   5,956    49.6
                             

 

(1) Annualized base rent represents the annual rent of commenced leases as of December 31, 2009, based on their respective non-cancellable terms.

 

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Current Business Environment

As 2008 ended, many in the real estate industry believed that a number of attractive investment opportunities would exist in large part due to the substantial amount of maturing debt secured by real estate that had realized a steep decrease in value over the prior 12 to 18 months. However, several trends developed in 2009, which actually limited investment opportunities. First, owners of real estate were generally only selling out of necessity, which limited transactions generally to only those that had to sell as a result of liquidity or other issues while other owners of real estate continued to delay any meaningful dispositions in hopes for better value in the future. As a result, 2009 transaction volumes in the commercial real estate industry were historically low and were a fraction of the levels seen in 2007.

With the limited availability of quality real estate investment opportunities and a growing demand for such investments, the market has become increasingly competitive for high-quality real estate. The capital markets were favorable for listed REITs in 2009, allowing them access to over $30 billion of equity and debt capital. Another trend that came to light over the past several months is foreign investors’ interest in U.S. real estate investments driven in part to the weak dollar and in part to the relative value in real estate compared to historic costs.

As a result of the decline in general economic conditions, the U.S. commercial real estate industry experienced deteriorating fundamentals across most major property types and geographic markets. Mortgage delinquencies and defaults continued to trend upward in 2009, with many industry analysts predicting significant credit defaults, foreclosures and principal losses, in particular for below investment grade securitized debt instruments over the next several years. However, these expectations have been somewhat offset by low interest rates, which have allowed banks to extend loans rather than foreclose and potentially realizing substantial losses. Like sellers, lenders also have incentives to remain in their investments on the hopes of exiting their investment in a more favorable market.

As a result of the latest recession and the lagging nature of real estate as an asset class, it is widely anticipated that real estate fundamentals are expected to continue to decline throughout 2010, albeit at a slower pace than 2009, with a potential recovery in 2011 and 2012. Throughout the industry, tenant bankruptcies increased in 2009 and demand for commercial real estate space simultaneously contracted, creating a highly competitive leasing environment with downward pressure on both occupancy and rental rates, resulting in leasing incentives becoming more common.

From a financing perspective, the decline in general economic conditions has continued to impact the availability of commercial real estate debt financing. Widespread declines in the fair value of commercial real estate has constrained the level of debt financing that can be obtained due to the reluctance of lenders to offer financing at high leverage ratios. However, we have seen early signs that lending institutions are starting to offer improved borrowing terms, including lower credit spreads, for debt financing secured by high-quality commercial real estate assets as the market for such lending has become increasingly competitive. If economic conditions continue to ameliorate, lenders may loosen their currently stringent underwriting standards, offer higher loan-to-value financing and expand lending relationships, resulting in additional lending that may return to more typical levels. However, the continued increase in mortgage delinquencies and defaults may cause the current state of commercial lending to continue for the foreseeable future. If the fundamentals in commercial real estate continue to deteriorate or not recover as quickly as the general economy, the incidents of mortgage delinquencies and defaults may be further exacerbated.

This aforementioned economic turmoil has had, and may continue to have, a material impact on our investment portfolio and has also created additional risks to our future operating performance. In the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis,” we discuss further the impact that the current economic environment has had on our existing portfolio, specifically the significantly increased provisions for losses, reduced valuations and increased other-than-temporary impairment charges that have been taken with respect to the debt related investments and real estate securities portions of our portfolio.

 

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Despite the challenging economic conditions described above, we believe that attractive opportunities may exist to deploy equity capital to acquire high-quality, real properties leased to creditworthy tenants in premier locations throughout the United States, with the intention of owning and operating these properties over the long term. Many of these opportunities are expected to become available as a result of debt refinancings coming due or other liquidity concerns for many industry participants, and generally the current market environment favors real estate investors with significant amounts of available cash who can provide no financing contingencies and more certainty of closing. Furthermore, the current credit market conditions may also create an opportunity to make debt related investments by lending money to experienced real estate owners at attractive rates and terms secured by high-quality collateral.

Tenant Concentration

For the year ended December 31, 2009, with respect to our entire real property, debt related investments and real estate securities portfolio, we did not earn revenues from any single tenant, borrower or issuer in excess of 10% of our total revenue.

Conversely, with respect to only our real property portfolio, for the year ended December 31, 2009, the Stop & Shop Supermarket Company (“Stop & Shop”), which represents 11.1% of our rental revenue, was our only tenant whose rental revenue exceeded 10.0% of our total rental revenue. Stop & Shop occupies 14 of our retail properties and each location is leased under separate leasing agreements. Stop & Shop operates over 375 grocery stores throughout several states primarily located in the Northeast region of the United States. Stop & Shop is a consolidated subsidiary of Koninklijke Ahold N.V. (“Ahold”). Ahold is one of the largest food retailers in the world, based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Competition

We believe that the current market for investing in real property and debt related investments is extremely competitive and recently we have seen that higher quality investments are subject to even stronger competition. We compete with many different types of companies engaged in real estate investment activities, including other REITs, pension funds and their advisors, foreign investors, bank and insurance company investment accounts, real estate limited partnerships, various forms of banks and specialty finance companies, mutual funds, private equity funds, hedge funds, individuals and other entities. Some of these competitors, including larger REITs, have substantially greater financial and other resources than we do and generally may be able to accept more risk and leverage. They may also possess significant competitive advantages that result from, among other things, a lower cost of capital and enhanced operating efficiencies. As a result, we may have to provide free rent, incur charges for tenant improvements or offer other inducements in order to compete, all of which may have an adverse impact on our results of operations.

Conflicts of Interest

We are subject to various conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with the Advisor and other affiliates, including: (i) conflicts related to the compensation arrangements between the Advisor, certain affiliates and us, (ii) conflicts with respect to the allocation of the time of the Advisor and its key personnel and (iii) conflicts with respect to the allocation of investment opportunities. Our independent directors have an obligation to function on our behalf in all situations in which a conflict of interest may arise and will have a fiduciary obligation to act on behalf of our stockholders. See “Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of the conflicts of interest that arise as a result of our relationships with the Advisor and its affiliates.

Compliance with Federal, State and Local Environmental Laws

Properties that we may acquire, and the properties underlying our investments, are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations. Under these laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner of real estate (including, in certain circumstances, a secured lender that succeeds to ownership or control of a property) may become liable for the costs of removal or remediation of

 

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certain hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases at, on, under or in its property. These laws typically impose cleanup responsibility and liability without regard to whether the owner or control party knew of or was responsible for the release or presence of the hazardous or toxic substances. The costs of investigation, remediation or removal of these substances may be substantial and could exceed the value of the property. An owner or control party of a site may be subject to common law claims by third parties based on damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination emanating from a site. Certain environmental laws also impose liability in connection with the handling of or exposure to materials containing asbestos. These laws allow third parties to seek recovery from owners of real properties for personal injuries associated with materials containing asbestos. Our operating costs and the values of these assets may be adversely affected by the obligation to pay for the cost of complying with existing environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, as well as the cost of complying with future legislation, and our income and ability to make distributions to our stockholders could be affected adversely by the existence of an environmental liability with respect to our properties. We will endeavor to ensure our properties are in compliance in all material respects with all federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations regarding hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum products.

Employees

The Advisory Agreement provides that our Advisor will assume principal responsibility for managing our affairs, and as a result we have no employees. Therefore, our executive officers, in their capacities as such, do not receive compensation directly from us. See “Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional discussion regarding our directors and executive officers.

Available Information

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K, as well as any amendments to those reports, and proxy statements that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) are available free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable through our website at http://www.totalrealtytrust.com. The information contained on our website is not incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

RISKS RELATED TO ADVERSE CHANGES IN GENERAL ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

The adverse and severe changes in global economic and capital market conditions, exacerbated by generally deteriorating real estate industry fundamentals, may significantly affect our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.

We are subject to risks generally incident to the ownership of real estate related assets, including changes in global, national, regional or local economic, demographic and real estate market conditions, as well as other factors particular to the locations of our investments. A prolonged recession, such as the one experienced over the past few years, and a prolonged recovery period could negatively impact our investments as a result of, among other items, increased tenant defaults under our leases, lower demand for rentable space, as well as potential oversupply of rentable space, each of which could lead to increased concessions, tenant improvement expenditures or reduced rental rates to maintain occupancies. These conditions could also negatively impact the financial condition of the tenants that occupy our real properties and, as a result, their ability to pay us rents.

In addition, we believe the risks associated with our business are more severe during periods of economic slowdown or recession if these periods are accompanied by deteriorating fundamentals and declining values in the real estate industry. Because many of our debt related investments and real estate securities consist of mortgages or pooled mortgages secured by real property, these same impacts could also negatively affect the underlying borrowers and collateral of assets that we own. Declining values and deteriorating real estate fundamentals would also likely reduce the level of new mortgage loan originations, since borrowers often use increases in the value of their existing properties to support the purchase of or investment in additional properties. As a result of these conditions and if the economy continues to weaken, borrowers may not be able to pay principal and interest on our loans. Further, declining real estate values significantly increases the likelihood that we will incur losses on our debt investments in the event of a default because the value of our collateral may be insufficient to cover some or all of our basis in the investment.

To date, our results from operations have been negatively impacted primarily through lower fair values and other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our real estate securities holdings, provision for losses on certain of our debt related investments, costs incurred as a result of cash settling certain financial hedging instruments obtained to manage interest rate volatility, as well as the dilutive impact of carrying a large cash balance for an extended period of time. To the extent that the general economic slow down is further prolonged or becomes more severe or real estate fundamentals continue to deteriorate, it may have a significant and adverse impact on our revenues, results from operations, financial condition, liquidity, overall business prospects and ultimately our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

In addition, we sold shares of our common stock in a fixed price offering, and we continue to sell shares pursuant to our DRIP Plan in a fixed price offering. The impacts of the adverse and severe global economic and capital market conditions discussed above were not and are not reflected in the fixed price since such price has not been based on appraisals of our real property and debt related investments. Therefore, the fixed offering price established for shares of our common stock may not accurately represent the current or future value of the assets per share of our common stock at any particular time, and if a valuation were to occur, the value per share may be less than the price for which such shares were sold.

Recent market conditions and the risk of continued market deterioration have caused and may continue to cause the value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments and debt related investments to be reduced.

The values of many of the securities that we hold are sensitive to the volatility of the credit markets, and many of our securities have been adversely affected by the difficult conditions in the credit markets since 2007 and may continue to be adversely affected by future developments. Although we currently have the intention to hold our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments for the longer term or to maturity, if we were forced to liquidate this portfolio into the current market, we would realize significant losses on these investments. In addition to the fair

 

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value of these securities being adversely impacted, the interest payments that we receive are also subject to adverse changes, either in timing or amounts, as a result of the overall economic environment and its impact on the real estate industry. Some of the securities that we hold have certain collateral requirements and if the fair value of the underlying collateral decreases substantially, then our interest payments may be suspended and used to pay off more senior positions until the collateral requirements are met.

In addition, the general inactivity, illiquidity and volatility of the credit markets have made the process of estimating the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments significantly more difficult and subjective. Prior to the current credit crisis, active trading of these types of securities provided visibility and an objective means of determining fair value. In today’s environment, which is substantially limited in any new issuances or significant active trading within the secondary market, management’s estimate of the fair value must consider alternative sources of market information and utilize a combination of independent pricing agency valuations and other observable and unobservable market inputs. Our current valuation methodology utilizes a variety of estimates and assumptions specific to the particular securities that require significant judgment, and therefore, the actual amount that could be realized upon a sale of such securities may be materially different from management’s estimate.

As of December 31, 2009, in aggregate, we had made investments, net of principal repayments, totaling approximately $143.8 million in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities, and as of that date, these securities were estimated to have a fair value of approximately $8.8 million. Many of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments are subject to rapid changes in value caused by sudden developments that affect the observable and unobservable market inputs that provide key assumptions used by both management and independent valuation sources.

For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment charge totaling approximately $13.1 million and approximately $123.0 million, respectively, related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments, which is reflected in our statements of operations included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The other-than-temporary impairment charge related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments considered management’s judgment as to the extent by which either the timing or amounts of the underlying cash flows for these investments had been adversely affected. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had an unrealized loss of approximately $1.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively, reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments.

In addition, the current economic environment and credit market conditions have impacted the performance and value of the collateral securing our debt related investments. During 2009, we recognized a full provision loss of approximately $17.3 million on one of our debt related investments due to our determination that the collectability of future cash flows from that debt related investment was highly uncertain and that the collateral had no value. If the current economic environment were to persist or worsen in the markets where the properties securing our debt related investments are located, we may see additional impairment of debt related investments as a result. Continued volatility in the fair value and operating performance of commercial real estate has made estimating cash flows from our debt related investments increasingly difficult, since such estimates are dependent upon our judgment regarding numerous factors, including, but not limited to, current and potential future refinancing availability, fluctuations in regional or local real estate values and fluctuations in regional or local rental or occupancy rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses.

We cannot assure our stockholders that we will not have to realize or record additional impairment charges, or experience disruptions in cash flows and/or permanent losses related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO and debt related investments in future periods. In addition, to the extent that the current volatile market conditions persist and/or deteriorate further, it would continue to negatively impact our ability to potentially sell these investments at a price and with terms acceptable to us or at all.

 

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Our investments in real estate preferred equity securities have been significantly impacted by recent adverse economic and real estate industry conditions and generally involve a greater risk of loss than traditional debt financing of the issuer.

We have invested in real estate preferred equity securities of various publicly traded real estate investment trusts, which involve a higher degree of risk than traditional debt financing of the issuer due to a variety of factors, including that such investments are subordinate to traditional loans and are not secured by property underlying the investment. Additionally, unlike traditional debt financings, issuers of preferred equity securities generally are not obligated to redeem the principal investment at any time and may indefinitely suspend the payment of preferred dividends without the holder of the preferred security having any recourse against the issuer.

As of December 31, 2009, in aggregate, we had made investments in preferred equity securities totaling $102.7 million and as of that date, these securities had a fair value of approximately $63.9 million. Many of our preferred equity securities investments are subject to rapid changes in fair value caused by sudden developments in market conditions that may affect the liquidity, business and credit conditions of the underlying issuer.

We did not have any other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our preferred equity securities for the year ended December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2008, we had recognized cumulative other-than-temporary impairment charges of approximately $69.7 million. As of December 31, 2009, we had a net unrealized gain of approximately $30.9 million reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to our preferred equity securities investments. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will not have to realize or record future impairment charges, or experience disruptions in cash flow and/or permanent losses related to our preferred equity securities investments in future periods.

In addition, as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the issuers of three of our preferred securities holdings, with a fair value of approximately $12.6 million as of December 31, 2009, have indefinitely suspended their preferred dividend payments to us. Even though these dividend payments are cumulative and perpetual in nature, and we may eventually recover the dividend payments either in their entirety or in part, there is no guarantee that we will be able to do so and any such lost income could permanently reduce both the value of these investments and distributions available to our stockholders.

Continued uncertainty and volatility in the credit markets could affect our ability to obtain debt financing on reasonable terms, which could reduce the number of properties we may be able to acquire and the amount of cash distributions we can make to our stockholders.

The U.S. and global credit markets have experienced severe dislocations and liquidity disruptions over the past several years, which have caused volatility in the credit spreads on prospective debt financings and have constrained the availability of debt financing due to the reluctance of lenders to offer financing at high leverage ratios. The uncertainty in the credit markets may negatively impact our ability to access additional debt financing on reasonable terms or at all, which may negatively affect investment returns on future acquisitions or our ability to make acquisitions.

If mortgage debt is unavailable on reasonable terms as a result of increased interest rates, increased credit spreads, decreased liquidity or other factors, we may not be able to finance the initial purchase of properties. In addition, when we incur mortgage debt on properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance such debt upon maturity, or of being unable to refinance on favorable terms. As of December 31, 2009, we had approximately $827.6 million in aggregate outstanding mortgage notes, which had maturity dates ranging from March 2010 through September 2036. In 2010 and 2011, mortgage notes in the amount of approximately $62.6 million and $6.9 million, respectively, will mature unless we qualify and elect to exercise certain extension options.

If interest rates are higher or other financing terms, such as principal amortization, the need for a corporate guaranty, or other terms are not as favorable when we refinance debt or issue new debt, our income could be

 

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reduced. To the extent we are unable to refinance debt on reasonable terms, or at appropriate times or at all, we may be required to sell properties on terms that are not advantageous to us, or could result in the foreclosure of such properties. If any of these events occur, our cash flow would be reduced. This, in turn, would reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders and may hinder our ability to raise more capital by issuing securities or by borrowing more money.

In addition, many of our securities investments that we may use in the future as collateral for prospective borrowings have experienced significant losses and are subject to rapid changes in value caused by sudden developments, which could further lower their fair values. This reduction in value could subsequently result in the potential reduced ability or the inability to leverage these assets, as well as potential margin calls on facilities that utilize affected assets as collateral.

The failure of any banking institution in which we deposit our funds could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.

Currently, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, generally, only insures amounts up to $250,000 per depositor per insured bank, which amount is scheduled to be reduced to $100,000 after December 31, 2013. Through its Transaction Account Guarantee Program, or TAGP, the FDIC also provides full deposit insurance coverage for non-interest bearing transaction accounts with participating institutions, regardless of dollar amount, through December 31, 2009.

A small portion of our cash and cash equivalents, primarily those used to fund property-level working capital needs, is currently held in a combination of FDIC-insured and TAGP-insured bank accounts. The significant majority of our cash on hand is currently invested in a combination of AAA-rated money market mutual funds, which in turn are primarily invested in short-term, high credit quality commercial paper, U.S. government funds and Treasury funds. If any of the financial institutions in which we have deposited funds ultimately fails, we would lose the amount of our deposits over the then current FDIC and TAGP insurance limits. The loss of our deposits could substantially reduce the amount of cash we have available to distribute or invest and would likely result in a decline in the value of our stockholders’ investment.

ADDITIONAL RISKS RELATED TO INVESTMENTS IN REAL PROPERTY

Real properties are illiquid investments, and we may be unable to adjust our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions or sell a property if or when we decide to do so.

Real properties are illiquid investments and we may be unable to adjust our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions. In addition, the real estate market is affected by many factors, such as general economic conditions, availability of financing, interest rates and other factors, including supply and demand, that are beyond our control. We cannot predict whether we will be able to sell any of our real property investments for the price or on the terms we prefer, or whether any price or other terms offered by a prospective purchaser would be acceptable to us. We cannot predict the length of time needed to find a willing purchaser and to close the sale of a real property.

We may also be required to expend funds to correct defects or to make improvements before a property can be sold. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will have funds available to correct such defects or to make such improvements.

In acquiring a real property, we may agree to restrictions that prohibit the sale of that real property for a period of time or impose other restrictions, such as a limitation on the amount of debt that can be placed or repaid on that real property. Our real properties may also be subject to resale restrictions. All of these provisions would restrict our ability to sell a property.

 

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We are dependent on tenants for revenue, and our inability to lease our real properties or to collect rent from our tenants may adversely affect our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.

Our revenues from our real property investments are dependent on the creditworthiness of our tenants and would be adversely affected by the loss of or default by one or more significant lessees. As of December 31, 2009, 34 of our 79 operating real properties, or approximately 36.6% of our total gross investment amount in real properties, were occupied by single tenants. In addition, for the year ended December 31, 2009, Stop & Shop represented 11.2% of our rental revenue. Stop & Shop was our only tenant whose rental revenue exceeded 10.0% of our total rental revenue. Stop & Shop occupies 14 of our retail properties, each location under separate leasing agreements. The success of those real properties depends on the financial stability of that tenant. Lease payment defaults by tenants could cause us to reduce the amount of distributions to our stockholders and could force us to find an alternative source to make mortgage payments on any mortgage loans. In the event of a tenant default, we may also experience delays in enforcing our rights as landlord and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment and re-leasing our real property. If a lease is terminated, we may be unable to lease the real property for the rent previously received or sell the real property without incurring a loss.

Delays in the acquisition, development and construction of real properties may have adverse effects on portfolio diversification, results of operations and returns to our stockholders.

Delays we encounter in selecting, acquiring and developing real properties could adversely affect our stockholders’ returns. In particular, the current state of the real estate markets and the incentives of lenders and sellers to retain their investments has resulted in generally lower transaction volume in the broader real estate market and for us, in part due to pricing and valuation uncertainties. To the extent that such disruptions and uncertainties continue, we may be delayed in our ability to invest our capital in real property investments that meet our acquisition criteria. Such delays have resulted in our maintaining a relatively higher cash balance than expected, which has had and may continue to have a negative effect on our stockholders’ returns until the capital is invested. Moreover, delays in acquiring properties may also hinder our ability to reach our portfolio diversification objectives.

In addition, where properties are acquired prior to the start of construction or during the early stages of construction, it will typically take several months to complete construction and rent available space. Therefore, we may not receive any income from these properties, and distributions to our stockholders could suffer. Delays in the completion of construction could give tenants the right to terminate preconstruction leases for space at a newly developed project. We may incur additional risks when we make periodic progress payments or other advances to builders prior to completion of construction. Each of those factors could result in increased costs of a project or loss of our investment. In addition, we will be subject to normal lease-up risks relating to newly constructed projects. Furthermore, the price we agree to for a real property will be based on our projections of rental income and expenses and estimates of the fair market value of the real property upon completion of construction. If our projections are inaccurate, we may pay too much for a property.

A real property that incurs a vacancy could be difficult to sell or re-lease.

A real property may incur a vacancy either by the continued default of a tenant under its lease or the expiration of the lease. In addition, certain of the real properties we acquire may have some vacancies at the time of closing. Certain other real properties may be specifically suited to the particular needs of a tenant and our real property may become vacant. Therefore, we may have difficulty obtaining a new tenant for any vacant space we have in our real properties. If the vacancy continues for a long period of time, we would suffer reduced revenues, which could result in lower cash distributions to our stockholders. In addition, the resale value of the real property could be diminished because the market value may depend principally upon the value of the leases of such real property.

 

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General economic conditions and other events or occurrences that affect areas in which our properties are geographically concentrated may have a significant adverse impact on our financial results.

The economy of any state or region in which our properties are located may be adversely affected to a greater degree than other areas of the country as a result of negative developments affecting such state or region such as adverse developments in industries concentrated in such state or region. For example, our properties in Massachusetts, Texas and California accounted for approximately 23%, 12% and 11%, respectively, of our total gross investments of our real property portfolio as of December 31, 2009. A deterioration of general economic or other relevant conditions, changes in governmental laws and regulations, acts of nature, demographics or other factors in any of those states or the geographical region in which they are located could result in the loss of a tenant, a decrease in the demand for our properties and a decrease in our revenues from those markets, which in turn may have a disproportionate and material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, since some of these investments are located in areas that are more susceptible to natural disasters, and therefore, our tenants and properties are particularly susceptible to revenue loss, cost increase or damage caused by earthquakes or other severe weather conditions or natural disasters. Any significant loss due to a natural disaster may not be covered by insurance and may lead to an increase in the cost of insurance and expenses for our tenants, or could limit the future availability of such insurance, which could limit their ability to satisfy their obligations to us.

Changes in supply of or demand for similar real properties in a particular area may increase the price of real property assets we seek to purchase.

The real estate industry is subject to market forces and we are unable to predict certain market changes including changes in supply of or demand for similar real properties in a particular area. For example, if demand for the types of real property assets in which we seek to invest were to sharply increase or supply of those assets were to sharply decrease, the prices of those assets could rise or fall significantly. Any potential purchase of an overpriced asset could decrease our rate of return on these investments and result in lower operating results and overall returns to our stockholders.

Actions of our joint venture partners could negatively impact our performance.

We have entered into and may continue to enter into joint ventures with third parties, including entities that are affiliated with the Advisor. We have purchased and developed and may also continue to purchase and develop properties in joint ventures or in partnerships, co-tenancies or other co-ownership arrangements with the sellers of the properties, affiliates of the sellers, developers or other persons. Such investments may involve risks not otherwise present with a direct investment in real estate, including, for example:

 

   

The possibility that our venture partner, co-tenant or partner in an investment might become bankrupt;

 

   

That such venture partner, co-tenant or partner may at any time have economic or business interests or goals which are or which become inconsistent with our business interests or goals; or

 

   

That such venture partner, co-tenant or partner may be in a position to take action contrary to our instructions or requests or contrary to our policies or objectives.

Actions by such a joint venture partner or co-tenant might have the result of subjecting the property to liabilities in excess of those contemplated and may have the effect of reducing our stockholders’ returns.

Under certain joint venture arrangements, neither venture partner may have the power to control the venture, and an impasse could be reached, which might have a negative influence on the joint venture and decrease potential returns to our stockholders. In the event that a venture partner has a right of first refusal to buy out the other partner, it may be unable to finance such a buy-out at that time. It may also be difficult for us to sell our interest in any such joint venture or partnership or as a co-tenant in a particular property. In addition, to the extent that our venture partner or co-tenant is an affiliate of the Advisor, certain conflicts of interest will exist. See “Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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Our operating expenses may increase in the future and to the extent such increases cannot be passed on to our tenants, our cash flow and our operating results would decrease.

Operating expenses, such as expenses for fuel, utilities, labor, building materials and insurance are not fixed and may increase in the future. There is no guarantee that we will be able to pass such increases on to our tenants. To the extent such increases cannot be passed on to our tenants, any such increases would cause our cash flow and our operating results to decrease.

We compete with numerous other parties or entities for real property investments and tenants, and we may not compete successfully.

We compete with numerous other persons or entities seeking to buy real property assets or to attract tenants to real properties we already own. These persons or entities may have greater experience and financial strength. There is no assurance that we will be able to acquire real property assets or attract tenants on favorable terms, if at all. For example, our competitors may be willing to offer space at rental rates below our rates, causing us to lose existing or potential tenants and pressuring us to reduce our rental rates to retain existing tenants or convince new tenants to lease space at our properties. Each of these factors could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, value of our investments and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.

Our real properties are subject to property taxes that may increase in the future, which could adversely affect our cash flow.

Our real properties are subject to real and personal property taxes that may increase as tax rates change and as the real properties are assessed or reassessed by taxing authorities. Certain of our leases provide that the property taxes, or increases therein, are charged to the lessees as an expense related to the real properties that they occupy while other leases will generally provide that we are responsible for such taxes. In any case, as the owner of the properties, we are ultimately responsible for payment of the taxes to the applicable governmental authorities. If real property taxes increase, our tenants may be unable to make the required tax payments, ultimately requiring us to pay the taxes even if otherwise stated under the terms of the lease. If we fail to pay any such taxes, the applicable taxing authorities may place a lien on the real property and the real property may be subject to a tax sale. In addition, we will generally be responsible for real property taxes related to any vacant space.

Uninsured losses or premiums for insurance coverage relating to real property may adversely affect our returns.

We attempt to adequately insure all of our real properties against casualty losses. There are types of losses, generally catastrophic in nature, such as losses due to wars, acts of terrorism, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, pollution or environmental matters that are uninsurable or not economically insurable, or may be insured subject to limitations, such as large deductibles or co-payments. Risks associated with potential terrorism acts could sharply increase the premiums we pay for coverage against property and casualty claims. Additionally, mortgage lenders sometimes require commercial property owners to purchase specific coverage against terrorism as a condition for providing mortgage loans. These policies may not be available at a reasonable cost, if at all, which could inhibit our ability to finance or refinance our real properties. In such instances, we may be required to provide other financial support, either through financial assurances or self-insurance, to cover potential losses. Changes in the cost or availability of insurance could expose us to uninsured casualty losses. In the event that any of our real properties incurs a casualty loss that is not fully covered by insurance, the value of our assets will be reduced by any such uninsured loss. In addition, we cannot assure our stockholders that funding will be available to us for repair or reconstruction of damaged real property in the future.

Costs of complying with governmental laws and regulations related to environmental protection and human health and safety may be high.

All real property investments and the operations conducted in connection with such investments are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and human health and safety.

 

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Some of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on customers, owners or operators for the costs to investigate or remediate contaminated properties, regardless of fault or whether the acts causing the contamination were legal.

Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the cost of removing or remediating hazardous or toxic substances on such real property. Such laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. In addition, the presence of hazardous substances, or the failure to properly remediate these substances, may adversely affect our ability to sell, rent or pledge such real property as collateral for future borrowings. Environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in which real property may be used or businesses may be operated. Some of these laws and regulations have been amended so as to require compliance with new or more stringent standards as of future dates. Compliance with new or more stringent laws or regulations or stricter interpretation of existing laws may require us to incur material expenditures. Future laws, ordinances or regulations may impose material environmental liability. Additionally, our tenants’ operations, the existing condition of land when we buy it, operations in the vicinity of our real properties, such as the presence of underground storage tanks, or activities of unrelated third parties may affect our real properties. In addition, there are various local, state and federal fire, health, life-safety and similar regulations with which we may be required to comply, and which may subject us to liability in the form of fines or damages for noncompliance. In connection with the acquisition and ownership of our real properties, we may be exposed to such costs in connection with such regulations. The cost of defending against environmental claims, of any damages or fines we must pay, of compliance with environmental regulatory requirements or of remediating any contaminated real property could materially and adversely affect our business, lower the value of our assets or results of operations and, consequently, lower the amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.

The costs associated with complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act may reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders.

Investment in real properties may also be subject to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended. Under this act, all places of public accommodation are required to comply with federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. The act has separate compliance requirements for “public accommodations” and “commercial facilities” that generally require that buildings and services be made accessible and available to people with disabilities. The act’s requirements could require us to remove access barriers and could result in the imposition of injunctive relief, monetary penalties or, in some cases, an award of damages. We will attempt to acquire properties that comply with the act or place the burden on the seller or other third party, such as a tenant, to ensure compliance with the act. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will be able to acquire properties or allocate responsibilities in this manner. Any monies we use to comply with the act will reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders.

We may not have funding for future tenant improvements, which may adversely affect the value of our assets, our results of operations and returns to our stockholders.

When a tenant at one of our real properties does not renew its lease or otherwise vacates its space in one of our buildings, it is likely that, in order to attract one or more new tenants, we will be required to expend substantial funds to construct new tenant improvements in the vacated space. Substantially all of the net proceeds from our public and private offerings have been and will continue to be invested in real properties, debt related investments and real estate securities, and we do not anticipate that we will maintain permanent working capital reserves. We do not currently have an identified funding source to provide funds that may be required in the future for tenant improvements and tenant refurbishments in order to attract new tenants. If we do not establish sufficient reserves for working capital or obtain adequate secured financing to supply necessary funds for capital improvements or similar expenses, we may be required to defer necessary or desirable improvements to our real properties. If we defer such improvements, the applicable real properties may decline in value, and it may be more difficult for us to attract or retain tenants to such real properties or the amount of rent we can charge at such real properties may decrease. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will have any sources of funding available to us for repair or reconstruction of damaged real property in the future.

 

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Real property investments made outside of the United States will be subject to currency rate exposure and risks associated with the uncertainty of foreign laws and markets.

We may invest in Canada and Mexico, and potentially elsewhere on a limited basis, to the extent that opportunities exist that may help us meet our investment objectives. If we invest in real property located outside of the United States, in addition to risks inherent in the investment in real estate generally discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we will also be subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and the uncertainty of foreign laws and markets including, but not limited to, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, political and economic instability in certain geographic locations, difficulties in managing international operations, currency exchange controls, potentially adverse tax consequences, additional accounting and control expenses and the administrative burden associated with complying with a wide variety of foreign laws. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely impact the fair values and earnings streams of our international holdings and therefore the returns on our non-dollar denominated investments. To the extent that we make real property investments outside of the United States, our principal currency exposures are expected to be the Canadian Dollar and the Mexican Peso, although to the extent that we make investments in other foreign countries we would be subject to additional currency exposure. Although we may hedge our foreign currency risk subject to the REIT income qualification tests, we may not be able to do so successfully and may incur losses on these investments as a result of exchange rate fluctuations.

ADDITIONAL RISKS RELATED TO INVESTMENTS IN DEBT RELATED INVESTMENTS AND REAL ESTATE SECURITIES

The mortgage loans in which we invest and the mortgage loans underlying the mortgage-backed securities in which we invest will be subject to delinquency, foreclosure and loss, which could result in losses to us.

Commercial mortgage loans are secured by commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure and risks of loss. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by a property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing property can be affected by, among other things: tenant mix, success of tenant businesses, property management decisions, property location and condition, competition from comparable types of properties, changes in laws that increase operating expense or limit rents that may be charged, any need to address environmental contamination at the property, the occurrence of any uninsured casualty at the property, changes in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments, current and potential future capital markets uncertainty, declines in regional or local real estate values, declines in regional or local rental or occupancy rates, increases in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses, changes in governmental rules, regulations and fiscal policies, including environmental legislation, acts of God, terrorism, social unrest and civil disturbances.

In the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by us, we will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow from operations, results from operations and limit amounts available for distribution to our stockholders. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to such borrower will be deemed to be secured only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process, which could have a substantial negative effect on our anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.

The mezzanine loans and B-notes in which we invest involve greater risks of loss than senior loans secured by income-producing real properties.

We invest in mezzanine loans and B-notes that substantially take the form of subordinated loans secured by second mortgages on the underlying real property or loans secured by a pledge of the ownership interests of either

 

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the entity owning the real property or the entity that owns the interest in the entity owning the real property. These types of investments involve a higher degree of risk than long-term senior mortgage loans secured by income-producing real property because the investment may become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by the senior lender. In the event of a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests as security, we may not have full recourse to the assets of such entity, or the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan in whole or in part. If a borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan or debt senior to our loan, or in the event of a borrower bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt. As a result, we may not recover some or all of our investment. In addition, mezzanine loans may have higher loan-to-value ratios than conventional mortgage loans, resulting in less equity in the real property and increasing the risk of loss of principal.

For example, during the year ended December 31, 2009, we recognized provision losses related to one of our debt related investments in the accompanying statements of operations. This provision was entirely related to one mezzanine debt investment and we recorded a complete provision for loan loss of approximately $17.3 million for the debt investment based on our determination that future cash flows were highly uncertain and that the collateral had no value as of December 31, 2009.

The CMBS and CRE-CDOs in which we invest are subject to several types of general risks.

CMBS are bonds that evidence interests in, or are secured by, a single commercial mortgage loan or a pool of commercial mortgage loans. CRE-CDOs are a type of collateralized debt obligation that is backed by commercial real estate assets, such as CMBS, commercial mortgage loans, B-notes, or mezzanine loans. Accordingly, the mortgage-backed securities we invest in are subject to all of the risks of the underlying mortgage loans.

In a rising interest rate environment, the value of CMBS and CRE-CDOs may be adversely affected when payments on underlying mortgages do not occur as anticipated, resulting in the extension of the security’s effective maturity and the related increase in interest rate sensitivity of a longer-term instrument. In a falling interest rate environment, securities whose investment yield is tied to a floating rate index, such as LIBOR, will distribute less dividend income than when originally purchased. The value of CMBS and CRE-CDOs may also change due to shifts in the market’s perception of issuers and regulatory or tax changes adversely affecting the mortgage securities markets as a whole. In addition, CMBS and CRE-CDOs are subject to the credit risk associated with the performance of the underlying mortgage properties. In certain instances, third-party guarantees or other forms of credit support can reduce the credit risk.

CMBS and CRE-CDOs are also subject to several risks created through the securitization process. Subordinate CMBS and CRE-CDOs are paid interest only to the extent that there are funds available to make payments. To the extent the collateral pool includes a large percentage of delinquent loans, there is a risk that interest payments on subordinate CMBS and CRE-CDOs will not be fully paid. Subordinate securities of CMBS and CRE-CDOs are also subject to greater credit risk than those CMBS and CRE-CDOs that are more highly rated.

Interest rate and related risks may cause the value of our real estate securities investments to be reduced.

Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed-income securities such as preferred and debt securities, and to a lesser extent dividend paying common stocks, will decline in value because of changes in market interest rates. Generally, when market interest rates rise, the market value of such securities will decline, and vice versa. Our investment in such securities means that the net asset value and market price of the common shares may tend to decline if market interest rates rise.

During periods of rising interest rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be extended because of slower than expected principal payments. This may lock in a below-market interest rate, increase the security’s duration and reduce the value of the security. This is known as extension risk. During periods of declining interest rates, an issuer may be able to exercise an option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled, which is generally known as call or prepayment risk. If this occurs, we may be forced to reinvest in lower yielding securities. This is known as reinvestment risk. Preferred and debt securities frequently have call features that allow the issuer to repurchase the security prior to its stated maturity. An issuer may redeem an obligation if

 

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the issuer can refinance the debt at a lower cost due to declining interest rates or an improvement in the credit standing of the issuer. These risks may reduce the value of our real estate securities investments.

A portion of our debt related investments and real estate securities may be considered illiquid, and we may not be able to adjust our portfolio in response to changes in economic and other conditions.

Certain of the debt related investments and real estate securities that we have purchased or may purchase in the future in connection with privately negotiated transactions are not or may not be registered under the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against their transfer, sale, pledge or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from the registration requirements of, or is otherwise effected in accordance with, those laws. As a result, our ability to vary our portfolio in response to changes in economic and other conditions may be limited. The mezzanine, B-note and bridge loans that we have purchased or may purchase in the future are, or will be, particularly illiquid investments due to their short life, their unsuitability for securitization and the greater difficulty of recoupment in the event of a borrower’s default. In addition, due to current credit market conditions, certain of our registered securities may not be as liquid as when originally purchased.

Investments in real estate common equity securities are subject to specific risks relating to the particular issuer of the securities and may be subject to the general risks of investing in subordinated real estate securities.

We may invest in real estate common equity securities of both publicly traded and private real estate companies. Investments in real estate related common equity securities will involve special risks relating to the particular issuer of the equity securities, including the financial condition and business outlook of the issuer. Issuers of real estate related common equity securities generally invest in real estate or real estate related assets and are subject to the inherent risks associated with real estate related investments discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Real estate common equity securities are unsecured and generally are subordinated to all other obligations of the issuer. As a result, investments in real estate common equity securities are subject to risks of (i) limited liquidity in the secondary trading market, (ii) substantial market price volatility, (iii) subordination to the prior claims of banks and other senior lenders to the issuer and preferred equity holders, (iv) the operation of mandatory sinking fund or call/redemption provisions during periods of declining interest rates that could cause the issuer to reinvest redemption proceeds in lower yielding assets, (v) the possibility that earnings of the issuer may be insufficient to meet its debt service and distribution obligations and (vi) the declining creditworthiness and potential for insolvency of the issuer during periods of rising interest rates and economic downturn. These risks may adversely affect the value of outstanding real estate common equity securities and the ability of the issuers thereof to pay dividends.

We may make investments in non-U.S. dollar denominated securities, which will be subject to currency rate exposure and risks associated with the uncertainty of foreign laws and markets.

Some of our real estate securities investments may be denominated in foreign currencies, and therefore, we expect to have currency risk exposure to any such foreign currencies. A change in foreign currency exchange rates may have an adverse impact on returns on our non-U.S. dollar denominated investments. Although we may hedge our foreign currency risk subject to the REIT income qualification tests, we may not be able to do so successfully and may incur losses on these investments as a result of exchange rate fluctuations. To the extent that we invest in non-U.S. dollar denominated securities, in addition to risks inherent in the investment in securities generally discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we will also be subject to risks associated with the uncertainty of foreign laws and markets including, but not limited to, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, political and economic instability in certain geographic locations, difficulties in managing international operations, currency exchange controls, potentially adverse tax consequences, additional accounting and control expenses and the administrative burden of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws.

 

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RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH DEBT FINANCING

We incur mortgage indebtedness and other borrowings, which may increase our business risks, and could hinder our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

We have financed and may continue to finance a portion of the purchase price of certain of our investments in real properties, debt related investments and real estate securities by borrowing funds. Under our charter, we have a limitation on borrowing that precludes us from borrowing in excess of 300% of the value of our net assets unless approved by a majority of independent directors and disclosed to stockholders in our next quarterly report along with justification for the excess. Net assets for purposes of this calculation are defined to be our total assets (other than intangibles), valued at cost prior to deducting depreciation or other non-cash reserves, less total liabilities. Generally speaking, the preceding calculation is expected to approximate 75% of the sum of (a) the aggregate cost of our real property assets before non-cash reserves and depreciation and (b) the aggregate cost of our securities assets. In addition, we have incurred and may continue to incur mortgage debt and secured by some or all of our real properties to obtain funds to acquire additional real properties or for working capital. We may also borrow funds to satisfy the REIT tax qualification requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders. Furthermore, we may borrow funds if we otherwise deem it necessary or advisable to ensure that we maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.

High debt levels generally would cause us to incur higher interest charges, which would result in higher debt service payments and could be accompanied by restrictive covenants. If there is a shortfall between the cash flow from a property and the cash flow needed to service mortgage debt on that property, then the amount available for distributions to our stockholders may be reduced. In addition, incurring mortgage debt may increase the risk of loss of a property since defaults on indebtedness secured by a property may result in lenders initiating foreclosure action. In that case, we could lose the property securing the loan that is in default or be forced to sell the property at an inopportune time, thus reducing the value of our investments. For tax purposes, a foreclosure on any of our properties will be treated as a sale of the property for a purchase price equal to the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage. If the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage exceeds our tax basis in the property, we will recognize taxable income on foreclosure, but we would not receive any cash proceeds. We have historically given certain full, partial or limited guarantees, and may continue to give full, partial or limited guarantees in the future, to lenders of mortgage debt to the entities that own our properties. When we give a guarantee on behalf of an entity that owns one of our properties, we are responsible to the lender for satisfaction of the debt if it is not paid by such entity. If any mortgage contains cross-collateralization or cross-default provisions, a default on a single property could affect multiple properties. If any of our properties are foreclosed upon due to a default, our ability to pay cash distributions to our stockholders will be adversely affected.

Increases in interest rates could increase the amount of our debt payments and therefore negatively impact our operating results.

As of December 31, 2009, we had approximately $76.0 million of variable rate debt outstanding, net of repayments, for which increases in interest rates would increase our interest costs, which would reduce our cash flows and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. If we need to repay existing debt during periods of rising interest rates, we could be required to liquidate one or more of our investments in properties and/or securities at times, which may not permit realization of the maximum return on such investments.

Our derivative instruments used to hedge against interest rate fluctuations may not be successful in mitigating our risks associated with interest rates and could reduce the overall returns on our investments.

We have utilized derivative instruments to hedge exposure to changes in interest rates on certain of our loans secured by our real properties, but no hedging strategy can protect us completely. We may use derivative instruments, such as forward starting swaps, to hedge interest rate risks associated with debt incurrences that we anticipate may occur. However, if we fail to accurately forecast such debt incurrences we will be subject to

 

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interest rate risk without successfully hedging the underlying transaction. During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we recognized losses of approximately $9.6 million and $9.9 million, respectively, related to derivative instruments intended to hedge risks associated with forecasted debt incurrences that did not occur. Furthermore, the use of derivative instruments may cause us to forego the benefits of otherwise favorable fluctuations in interest rates, since derivative instruments may prevent us from realizing the full benefits of lower borrowing cost in an environment of declining interest rates.

In addition, derivative instruments may not mitigate all of the risk associated with fluctuations in borrowing costs. Derivative instruments are generally used to hedge fluctuations in benchmark interest rates, such as LIBOR rates and U.S. treasury security-based interest rates. However, there are other components of borrowing costs that may comprise the “spread” that lenders apply to the benchmark interest rates. The “spread” that lenders apply to benchmark interest rates when making loans may fluctuate from time to time. Fluctuations in the “spread” may be attributable to volatility in the credit markets or borrower-specific credit risk. When we enter into derivative instruments in anticipation of certain debt incurrences, such derivative instruments do not mitigate the risks of fluctuations in “spread” which could exacerbate the risks described above.

We cannot assure our stockholders that our hedging strategy and the derivatives that we use will adequately offset all of our risk related to interest rate volatility or that our hedging of these risks will not result in losses. These derivative instruments may also generate income that may not be treated as qualifying REIT income for purposes of the 75% or 95% REIT income tests.

Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

When providing financing, a lender may impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution and operating policies and our ability to incur additional debt. Loan documents we enter into may contain covenants that limit our ability to further mortgage the property, discontinue insurance coverage, or replace the Advisor as our advisor. In addition, loan documents may limit our ability to replace the property manager or terminate certain operating or lease agreements related to the property. These or other limitations may adversely affect our flexibility and our ability to achieve our investment objectives.

When we enter into financing arrangements involving balloon payment obligations, it may adversely affect our ability to refinance or sell properties on favorable terms, and to make distributions to our stockholders.

Most of our current mortgage financing arrangements require us to make a lump-sum or “balloon” payment at maturity. Our ability to make a balloon payment at maturity will be uncertain and may depend upon our ability to obtain additional financing or our ability to sell the particular property. At the time the balloon payment is due, we may or may not be able to refinance the balloon payment on terms as favorable as the original loan or sell the particular property at a price sufficient to make the balloon payment. The effect of a refinancing or sale could affect the rate of return to our stockholders and the projected time of disposition of our assets. In an environment of increasing mortgage rates, if we place mortgage debt on properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance such debt if mortgage rates are higher at a time a balloon payment is due. In addition, payments of principal and interest made to service our debts, including balloon payments, may leave us with insufficient cash to pay the distributions that we are required to pay to maintain our qualification as a REIT.

RISKS RELATED TO THE ADVISOR AND AFFILIATES

We depend on the Advisor and its key personnel; if any of such key personnel were to cease employment with the Advisor, our business could suffer.

Our ability to make distributions and achieve our investment objectives is dependent upon the performance of the Advisor in the acquisition, disposition and management of real properties, debt related investments and

 

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real estate securities, the selection of tenants for our real properties, the determination of any financing arrangements and other factors. In addition, our success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of certain of the Advisor’s key personnel, including Guy M. Arnold, Jonathan S. Asarch, Troy J. Bloom, John A. Blumberg, John R. Chambers, Andrea L. Karp, Lainie P. Minnick, Gregory M. Moran, Glenn R. Mueller, PhD., James R. Mulvihill, Todd W. Poppert, Gary M. Reiff, M. Kirk Scott, Joshua J. Widoff, and Evan H. Zucker, each of whom would be difficult to replace. We currently do not have, nor do we expect to obtain key man life insurance on any of the Advisor’s key personnel. If the Advisor were to lose the benefit of the experience, efforts and abilities of one or more of these individuals, our operating results could suffer.

Our Advisor’s product specialists may recommend that we enter into transactions with entities that have a relationship or affiliation with them, and our stockholders will not be able to assess the Advisor’s product specialists’ qualifications when deciding whether to make an investment in shares of our common stock.

The Advisor utilizes third-party and affiliated product specialists to assist in fulfilling its responsibilities to us. The strategic alliances between the Advisor and the product specialists provide, in accordance with industry standards, that the product specialists must adhere to a standard of care of commercial reasonableness when performing services on our behalf. The Advisor’s product specialists generally do not owe fiduciary duties to us and may have time constraints and other conflicts of interest due to relationships or affiliations they have with other entities. As a result, these product specialists may recommend that we enter into transactions with such entities, in which case we will not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties. Our stockholders will not be able to assess the qualifications of the Advisor’s product specialists when deciding whether to make an investment in shares of our common stock. Therefore, our stockholders may not be able to determine whether the Advisor’s product specialists are sufficiently qualified or otherwise desirable to work with.

Our Advisor’s management personnel and product specialists face conflicts of interest relating to time management and there can be no assurance that the Advisor’s management personnel and product specialists will devote adequate time to our business activities or that the Advisor will be able to hire adequate additional employees.

Certain of the Advisor’s management personnel and product specialists may also provide services to other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, including Industrial Income Trust Inc. (“IIT”), Income Property Trust of the Americas Inc. (“IPT”) and FundCore Finance Group LLC (“FundCore LLC”), which are new REITs or entities managed by affiliates of our Advisor and, in the case of the product specialists, to unrelated third parties. We are not able to estimate the amount of time that such management personnel and product specialists will devote to our business. As a result, certain of the Advisor’s management personnel and product specialists may have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between our business and their other activities. During times of significant activity in other programs and ventures, the time they devote to our business may decline and be less than we would require. We expect that as our investment activities expand, in addition to the product specialists it will retain, the Advisor will attempt to hire additional employees who would devote substantially all of their time to our business. However, there can be no assurance that the Advisor’s affiliates will devote adequate time to our business activities or that the Advisor will be able to hire adequate additional employees.

The Advisor and its affiliates, including our officers and some of our directors, face conflicts of interest caused by compensation arrangements with us and other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, which could result in actions that are not in our stockholders’ best interests.

The Advisor and its affiliates receive substantial fees from us in return for their services and these fees could influence the Advisor’s advice to us. Among other matters, the compensation arrangements could affect their judgment with respect to:

 

   

Property sales, which allow the Advisor to earn additional asset management fees, disposition fees and possibly additional real estate sales commissions.

 

   

Property acquisitions from other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, which may allow the Advisor or its affiliates to earn additional acquisition fees and asset management fees.

 

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Investments in assets subject to product specialist agreements with affiliates, including Dividend Capital Investments LLC and FundCore LLC.

Further, the fees we pay our Advisor may incentivize our Advisor to recommend we invest in a particular asset or pay a higher purchase price for the asset than it would otherwise recommend if it did not receive such fees. Certain potential acquisition fees and asset management fees paid to the Advisor and management and leasing fees paid to the Property Manager would be paid irrespective of the quality of the underlying real estate or property management services during the term of the related agreement. As a component of the asset management fee, our Advisor is also entitled to a monthly net operating income-based fee and a fee equal to a percentage of the sales price of a property upon its sale. These fees may incentivize the Advisor to recommend the sale of a property or properties that may not be in our best interests at the time. Investments with higher net operating income growth potential are generally riskier or more speculative. In addition, the premature sale of an asset may add concentration risk to the portfolio or may be at a price lower than if we held the property. Moreover, the Advisor has considerable discretion with respect to the terms and timing of acquisition, disposition and leasing transactions. In evaluating investments and other management strategies, the opportunity to earn these fees may lead the Advisor to place undue emphasis on criteria relating to its compensation at the expense of other criteria, such as preservation of capital, in order to achieve higher short-term compensation. Considerations relating to our affiliates’ compensation from us and other Dividend Capital affiliated entities could result in decisions that are not in our stockholders’ best interests, which could hurt our ability to pay our stockholders distributions or result in a decline in the value of our stockholders’ investment. Conflicts of interest such as those described above have contributed to stockholder litigation against certain other externally managed REITs that are not affiliated with us.

The time and resources that Dividend Capital affiliated entities devote to us may be diverted and we may face additional competition due to the fact that Dividend Capital affiliated entities are not prohibited from raising money for another entity that makes the same types of investments that we target.

Dividend Capital affiliated entities are not prohibited from raising money for another investment entity that makes the same types of investments as those we target. As a result, the time and resources they could devote to us may be diverted. For example, our former Dealer Manager is currently involved in other public offerings for other Dividend Capital affiliated entities including IIT and IPT, (IPT is currently in registration with the SEC but is not yet effective), which are new REITs managed by affiliates of our Advisor. In addition, we may compete with any such investment entity for the same investors and investment opportunities. We may also co-invest with any such investment entity. Even though all such co-investments will be subject to approval by our independent directors, they could be on terms not as favorable to us as those we could achieve co-investing with a third party.

The Advisor may have conflicting fiduciary obligations if we acquire properties with its affiliates or other related entities; as a result, in any such transaction we may not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.

The Advisor may cause us to acquire an interest in a property from its affiliates or through a joint venture with its affiliates or to dispose of an interest in a property to its affiliates. In these circumstances, the Advisor will have a conflict of interest when fulfilling its fiduciary obligation to us. In any such transaction we may not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.

The fees we pay to affiliates in connection with our public and private offerings and in connection with the acquisition and management of our investments were not determined on an arm’s length basis, and therefore, we do not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.

Since our inception on April 11, 2005 through December 31, 2009, the Advisor, our former Dealer Manager and other affiliates had earned approximately $232.9 million in fees, commissions and offering expense

 

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reimbursements, and acquisition and asset management fees for our investments. Of these fees, approximately $95.8 million represents commissions that have been reallowed to third-party broker dealers participating in our public and private offerings. In addition, based on gross offering proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock in connection the primary portion of our public and private offerings, we were required to pay an aggregate of up to approximately 10% of the gross offering proceeds in fees, commissions and offering expense reimbursements to the Advisor, our former Dealer Manager and other affiliates in exchange for their services and to reimburse funds advanced on our behalf. Substantially all of the sales commissions were reallowed to third-party broker dealers participating in our public and private offerings. The fees paid to the Advisor, our former Dealer Manager and other affiliates for services they provided us were not determined on an arm’s length basis. As a result, the fees have been determined without the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.

We may compete with other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, including IIT, IPT and FundCore LLC, for opportunities to acquire or sell investments, which may have an adverse impact on our operations.

We may compete with other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, including IIT, IPT and FundCore LLC, for opportunities to acquire, finance or sell certain types of real properties. We may also buy, finance or sell real properties at the same time as other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, including IIT, IPT and FundCore, are buying, financing or selling properties. In this regard, there is a risk that the Advisor will purchase a real property that provides lower returns to us than a real property purchased by another Dividend Capital affiliated entity, including IIT and IPT. Certain of our affiliates own and/or manage real properties in geographical areas in which we expect to own real properties. Therefore, our real properties may compete for tenants with other real properties owned and/or managed by other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, including IIT and IPT. The Advisor may face conflicts of interest when evaluating tenant leasing opportunities for our real properties and other real properties owned and/or managed by Dividend Capital affiliated entities, including IIT and IPT, and these conflicts of interest may have a negative impact on our ability to attract and retain tenants.

Entities affiliated with our Advisor may be given priority over us with respect to the acquisition of certain types of investments. As a result of our potential competition with these entities, certain investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us may not in fact be available. For example, in the event there are investments that are equally suitable for both IIT and us, IIT will have priority for the first three of any such four suitable investments to acquire industrial properties and make debt investments related to industrial properties and we will have priority to invest in the fourth such suitable investment, and this process will continue in the same manner until the first time that we have a cash balance of less than $100 million, after which our board of directors and IIT’s board of directors will determine another appropriate allocation methodology, unless we and IIT cannot agree to a new allocation methodology, in which case the original allocation methodology will remain in place. One of our independent directors, Mr. Charles Duke, is also an independent director for IIT. If there are any transactions or policies affecting us and IIT, Mr. Duke will recuse himself from making any such decisions for as long as he holds both positions.

We may also compete with other Dividend Capital affiliated entities for opportunities to acquire, finance or sell certain types of real estate securities. Dividend Capital Investments acts as one of the Advisor’s product specialists with respect to our investments in real estate securities. Dividend Capital Investments is also the investment manager for two additional Dividend Capital affiliated entities, and certain non-affiliated entities, which invest in the same type of securities as those in which we invest. FundCore LLC acts as one of the Advisor’s product specialists with respect to our investments in certain debt related investments, and may independently or on behalf of other funds originate or acquire debt related investments.

As a result of our potential competition with other Dividend Capital affiliated entities, certain investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us may not in fact be available. This competition may also result in conflicts of interest that are not resolved in our favor. See “Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related

 

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Transactions, and Director Independence” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of the conflicts of interest that arise as a result of our relationship with the Advisor and its Affiliates.

We have and may in the future purchase real estate assets from third parties who have existing or previous business relationships with affiliates or other related entities of the Advisor; as a result, in any such transaction, we may not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.

We may purchase assets from third parties that have existing or previous business relationships with affiliates of the Advisor. DCT Industrial Trust Inc. (“DCT Industrial Trust”), a former affiliate, Dividend Capital Investments, the officers, directors or employees of such entities and the principals of the Advisor who also perform or have performed services for other Dividend Capital affiliated entities or DCT Industrial Trust may have had or have a conflict in representing our interests in these transactions on the one hand and the interests of such affiliates in preserving or furthering their respective relationships on the other hand. In any such transaction, we will not have the benefit of arm’s length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR GENERAL BUSINESS OPERATIONS AND OUR CORPORATE STRUCTURE

We sold shares of our common stock in a fixed price offering, and continue to sell shares pursuant to our DRIP Plan in a fixed price offering, and the fixed offering price may not accurately represent the current value of our assets at any particular time; therefore, the purchase price paid for shares of our common stock, particularly in light of the most recent economic recession, may be higher than the value of our assets per share of our common stock at the time of purchase or at any time in the future.

Our public offerings were fixed price offerings, which means that the offering price for shares of our common stock was fixed and did not vary based on the underlying value of our assets at any time. Our board of directors arbitrarily determined the offering price in its sole discretion. Shares in the primary offering were sold at a price per share of $10.00 and shares sold pursuant to our DRIP plan were sold, and continue to be sold, at a price per share of $9.50. The fixed offering price for shares of our common stock was not and continues not to be based on appraisals of our real property and real estate related investments, which comprise substantially all of our net investment portfolio and which are generally illiquid. As such, the fixed price of our shares at any time is not based upon an appraised value of our investments, nor does it reflect the impact of the adverse and severe changes in global economic and capital market conditions since 2007 or the amount stockholders would receive if our assets were sold and the proceeds were distributed in a liquidation. Also, in the normal course and in the absence of other factors affecting current and future values of our existing and prospective investments, our aggregate net asset value would generally be expected to be less than the proceeds of our public offerings due to the payment of fees and expenses related to the distribution of our shares and the acquisitions of assets. Therefore, the fixed offering price established for shares of our common stock may not accurately represent the current or future value of the assets per share of our common stock at any particular time, and if a valuation were to occur, the value per share may be less than the price for which such shares were sold.

Furthermore, in order for Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) members and their associated persons to have participated in the sale of shares of common stock pursuant to our public offerings, we are required pursuant to FINRA Rule 2310 to disclose in each annual report distributed to stockholders a per share estimated value of the shares, the method by which it was developed and the date of the data used to develop the estimated value. FINRA members that are a general securities firm are also required by FINRA rules to, under certain circumstances, include the per share estimated value that we disclose in our annual report on their customer’s account statement provided that the estimated value is not developed from data that is more than 18 months prior to the customer account statement’s date. In February 2009, FINRA issued Regulatory Notice 09-09 (the “FINRA Notice”) that advised general securities broker-dealers that they may no longer use the offering price, or “par value,” on a customer account statement more than 18 months following the conclusion of an

 

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offering, unless an appraisal of the program’s assets and operations yields the same value. In an effort to assist participating broker-dealers to comply with this account statement disclosure requirement, certain companies in the non-traded REIT industry have agreed to provide their respective broker-dealers with an updated per share estimated value using a variety of different valuation methodologies. In general, these updated values have been less than the offering price of the respective company’s common stock pursuant to earlier public offerings. No determination has been made to provide an updated per share estimated value of our common stock in order to facilitate broker-dealers’ compliance with the FINRA Notice. However, if we do provide an updated per share estimated value of our common stock, such value may be less than the price per share for which we sold our common stock pursuant to our prior public offerings and our DRIP Plan.

There is very limited liquidity for our shares of common stock. If we do not effect a Liquidity Event, it will be very difficult for our stockholders to have liquidity for their investment in shares of our common stock.

On a limited basis, our stockholders may be able to redeem shares through our share redemption program. However, in the future we may also consider various forms of additional liquidity (a “Liquidity Event”) including but not limited to (i) listing our common stock on a national securities exchange (or the receipt by our stockholders of securities that are listed on a national securities exchange in exchange for our common stock); (ii) a sale or merger in a transaction that provides our stockholders with a combination of cash and/or securities of a publicly traded company; and (iii) a sale of all or substantially all of our real property and real estate securities assets for cash or other consideration. We presently intend to effect a Liquidity Event within 10 years from the date we commenced formal operations on April 3, 2006. However, there can be no assurance that we will effect a Liquidity Event within such time or at all. If we do not effect a Liquidity Event, it will be very difficult for our stockholders to have liquidity for their investment in shares of our common stock other than limited liquidity through our share redemption program. The current state of the credit markets has resulted in generally lower transaction volume in the broader real estate market and for us. In addition, and in light of market conditions, we have attempted to be prudent in the deployment of capital, which also has resulted in a slower pace of investments. As a result, we have been and may continue to be delayed in our ability to invest our capital in real property and other investments. This delay increases the chance that a Liquidity Event may be delayed beyond 10 years from the date we commenced formal operations.

The availability and timing of cash distributions to our stockholders is uncertain and we may have difficulty funding our distributions with funds provided by our operations.

We currently make and expect to continue to make quarterly distributions to our stockholders. However, we bear all expenses incurred in our operations, which are deducted from cash funds generated by operations prior to computing the amount of cash distributions to our stockholders. In addition, our board of directors, in its discretion, may retain any portion of such funds for working capital. We cannot assure our stockholders that sufficient cash will be available to make distributions to them or that the amount of distributions will not either decrease or fail to increase over time. Should we fail for any reason to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, we would not qualify for the favorable tax treatment accorded to REITs.

To date, all of our distributions have been funded through a combination of both our operations and borrowings and we expect that over the near-term our distributions will be funded in the same manner. Our long-term strategy is to fund the payment of quarterly distributions to our stockholders entirely from our operations. However, if we are unsuccessful in investing the capital we raise on an effective and efficient basis, we may be required to continue to fund our quarterly distributions to our stockholders from a combination of our operations and borrowings. To the extent we are required to borrow money to fund distributions, this could result in higher interest expense, reduce our ability to incur additional indebtedness and otherwise impact our business and results of operations. In addition, we would be more likely to decrease the amount of our distributions to our stockholders or cease making them altogether.

 

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Our board of directors determines our major policies and operations, which increases the uncertainties faced by our stockholders.

Our board of directors determines our major policies, including our policies regarding acquisitions, dispositions, financing, growth, debt capitalization, REIT qualification, redemptions and distributions. Our board of directors may amend or revise these and other policies without a vote of the stockholders. Under the Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter, our stockholders have a right to vote only on limited matters. Our board of directors’ broad discretion in setting policies and our stockholders’ inability to exert control over those policies increases the uncertainty and risks our stockholders face, especially if our board of directors and our stockholders disagree as to what course of action is in our stockholders’ best interests.

Our stockholders are limited in their ability to sell our shares of common stock pursuant to our share redemption program, our stockholders may not be able to sell any of their shares of our common stock back to us and, if our stockholders do sell their shares, they may not receive the price they paid.

Our share redemption program may provide our stockholders with only a limited opportunity to have their shares of common stock redeemed by us at a price equal to or at a discount from the purchase price of the shares of our common stock being redeemed after our stockholders have held them for a minimum of one year. Our common stock may be redeemed on a quarterly basis. However, our share redemption program contains certain restrictions and limitations, including those relating to the number of shares of our common stock that we can redeem at any given time and the redemption price. Specifically, we presently intend to limit the number of shares to be redeemed during any calendar quarter to the lesser of (i) one-quarter of five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the date that is 12-months prior to the end of the current quarter, and (ii) the aggregate number of shares sold pursuant to our DRIP Plan in the immediately preceding quarter, which amount may be less than the Aggregate Redemption Cap (as defined below). The lesser of the preceding limitations is referred to herein as the “Quarterly Redemption Cap.” Our board of directors retains the right, but is not obligated to, redeem additional shares if, in its sole discretion, it determines that it is in our best interest to do so, provided that we will not redeem during any consecutive 12-month period more than five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding at the beginning of such 12-month period (referred to herein as the “Aggregate Redemption Cap”, and together with the Quarterly Redemption Cap, the “Redemption Caps”), unless permitted to do so by applicable regulatory authorities. Our board of directors may also determine to further limit redemptions of our common stock where funds are needed for other business purposes. Our redemption of OP Units for cash pursuant to the Operating Partnership Agreement will further limit the funds we have available to redeem shares of our common stock pursuant to our share redemption program. In addition, the board of directors reserves the right to reject any redemption request for any reason, or to amend or terminate the share redemption program at any time. Therefore, our stockholders may not have the opportunity to make a redemption request prior to a potential termination of the share redemption program and/or may not be able to sell any of their shares of common stock back to us pursuant to our share redemption program. Any amendment, suspension or termination of our share redemption program will not affect the rights of holders of OP Units to cause us to redeem their OP Units for, at our sole discretion, shares of our common stock, cash, or a combination of both pursuant to the Operating Partnership Agreement. Moreover, if our stockholders do sell their shares of common stock back to us pursuant to the share redemption program, our stockholders may not receive the same price they paid for any shares of our common stock being redeemed.

The board of directors, under certain circumstances only, may also increase the Aggregate Redemption Cap but, in any event, the number of shares of our common stock that we may redeem will be limited by the funds available from purchases pursuant to our DRIP Plan, cash on hand, cash available from borrowings and cash from liquidations of debt related or securities investments as of the end of the applicable quarter.

During the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2009, we received requests to redeem approximately 6.1 million, 5.7 million, 5.6 million and 7.2 million shares of common stock, respectively, which exceeded our first, second, third and fourth quarter 2009 Redemption Caps of approximately 853,000, 1.3 million, 1.4 million and 1.3 million shares of common stock, respectively. Based on application of the Redemption Caps, we

 

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redeemed, on a pro rata basis, approximately 13.9%, 22.8%, 25.2% and 18.0%, respectively, of the shares each stockholder requested to be redeemed for the first, second , third and fourth quarters of 2009, respectively.

Our UPREIT structure may result in potential conflicts of interest with limited partners in the Operating Partnership whose interests may not be aligned with those of our stockholders.

Limited partners in the Operating Partnership have the right to vote on certain amendments to the Operating Partnership Agreement, as well as on certain other matters. Persons holding such voting rights may exercise them in a manner that conflicts with our stockholders’ interests. As general partner of the Operating Partnership, we are obligated to act in a manner that is in the best interests of all partners of the Operating Partnership. Circumstances may arise in the future when the interests of limited partners in the Operating Partnership may conflict with the interests of our stockholders. These conflicts may be resolved in a manner stockholders believe is not in their best interests.

We currently own certain co-ownership interests in real property that are subject to certain co-ownership agreements, which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations, relative to if the co-ownership agreements did not exist.

We currently own certain co-ownership interests, specifically in connection with our Operating Partnership’s private placements including tenancy-in-common interests in real property and beneficial interests in specific Delaware statutory trusts, that are subject to certain co-ownership agreements. The co-ownership agreements may limit our ability to encumber, lease, or dispose of our co-ownership interests. Such agreements could affect our ability to turn our investments into cash and could affect cash available for distributions to our stockholders. The co-ownership agreements could also impair our ability to take actions that would otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders and, therefore, may have an adverse effect on our results of operations, relative to if the co-ownership agreements did not exist.

The Operating Partnership’s private placements of tenancy-in-common interests in real properties and beneficial interests in specific Delaware statutory trusts could subject us to liabilities from litigation or otherwise.

The Operating Partnership, through DCTRT Leasing Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary, offered undivided tenancy-in-common interests in real properties and beneficial interests in specific Delaware statutory trusts (collectively referred to as “fractional interests”), to accredited investors in private placements exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). These fractional interests may have served as replacement properties for investors seeking to complete like-kind exchange transactions under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). All of the fractional interests sold to investors pursuant to such private placements are or were 100% master leased by the Operating Partnership or a wholly owned subsidiary thereof, as applicable. Additionally, the Operating Partnership was given a purchase option giving it the right, but not the obligation, to acquire these fractional interests from the investors at a later time in exchange for operating partnership units (“OP Units”) (under a prior program administered by the Operating Partnership, such options were granted in the lease itself, and the Operating Partnership continues to hold these options as well). Investors who acquired fractional interests pursuant to such private placements may have done so seeking certain tax benefits that depend on the interpretation of, and compliance with, extremely technical tax laws and regulations. As the general partner of the Operating Partnership, we may become subject to liability, from litigation or otherwise, as a result of such transactions, including in the event an investor fails to qualify for any desired tax benefits.

Payments to the holder of the Special Units or cash redemptions to holders of OP Units will reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders or to honor their redemption requests under our share redemption program.

Dividend Capital Total Advisors Group LLC, the holder of the Special Units, may be entitled to receive a cash payment upon dispositions of the Operating Partnership’s assets and/or redemption of the Special Units

 

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upon the earliest to occur of specified events, including, among other events, termination or non-renewal of the Advisory Agreement upon a merger or sale of assets. Payments to the holder of the Special Units upon dispositions of the Operating Partnership’s assets and redemptions of the Special Units will reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders.

The holders of OP Units (other than us, the Advisor and the holder of the Special Units) generally have the right to cause the Operating Partnership to redeem all or a portion of their OP Units for, at our sole discretion, shares of our common stock, cash, or a combination of both. Our election to redeem OP Units for cash will reduce funds available to honor our stockholders’ redemption requests under our share redemption program.

Maryland law and our organizational documents limit our stockholders’ right to bring claims against our officers and directors.

Maryland law provides that a director will not have any liability as a director so long as he or she performs his or her duties in good faith, in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in our best interests, and with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. In addition, our charter provides that, subject to the applicable limitations set forth therein or under Maryland law, no director or officer will be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages. Our charter also provides that we will generally indemnify our directors, our officers, our Advisor and its affiliates for losses they may incur by reason of their service in those capacities unless their act or omission was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, they actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or, in the case of any criminal proceeding, they had reasonable cause to believe the act or omission was unlawful. Moreover, we have entered into separate indemnification agreements with each of our independent directors and executive officers. As a result, we and our stockholders have more limited rights against these persons than might otherwise exist under common law. In addition, we are obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by these persons in some cases. However, our charter does provide that we may not indemnify our directors, our Advisor and its affiliates for any liability or loss suffered by them unless they have determined that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in our best interests, they were acting on our behalf or performing services for us, the liability or loss was not the result of negligence or misconduct by our non-independent directors, our Advisors and its affiliates or gross negligence or willful misconduct by our independent directors, and the indemnification is recoverable only out of our net assets or the proceeds of insurance and not from the stockholders.

We may issue preferred stock or other classes of common stock, which issuance could adversely affect the holders of our common stock issued pursuant to our public offerings.

Holders of our common stock do not have preemptive rights to any shares issued by us in the future. We may issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock or other classes of common stock with rights that could dilute the value of our stockholders’ shares of common stock. This would increase the number of stockholders entitled to distributions without simultaneously increasing the size of our asset base. Our charter authorizes us to issue 1,200,000,000 shares of capital stock, of which 1,000,000,000 shares of capital stock are designated as common stock and 200,000,000 shares of capital stock are designated as preferred stock. Our board of directors may amend our charter to increase the aggregate number of authorized shares of capital stock or the number of authorized shares of capital stock of any class or series without stockholder approval. If we ever created and issued preferred stock with a distribution preference over common stock, payment of any distribution preferences of outstanding preferred stock would reduce the amount of funds available for the payment of distributions on our common stock. Further, holders of preferred stock are normally entitled to receive a preference payment in the event we liquidate, dissolve or wind up before any payment is made to our common stockholders, likely reducing the amount common stockholders would otherwise receive upon such an occurrence. In addition, under certain circumstances, the issuance of preferred stock or a separate class or series of common stock may render more difficult or tend to discourage:

 

   

A merger, offer or proxy contest;

 

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The assumption of control by a holder of a large block of our securities; and/or

 

   

The removal of incumbent management.

The limit on the percentage of shares of our common stock that any person may own may discourage a takeover or business combination that may have benefited our stockholders.

Our charter restricts the direct or indirect ownership by one person or entity to no more than 9.8% of the value of our then outstanding capital stock (which includes common stock and any preferred stock we may issue) and no more than 9.8% of the value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our then outstanding common stock. This restriction may discourage a change of control of us and may deter individuals or entities from making tender offers for shares of our common stock on terms that might be financially attractive to stockholders or which may cause a change in our management. This ownership restriction may also prohibit business combinations that would have otherwise been approved by our board of directors and our stockholders. In addition to deterring potential transactions that may be favorable to our stockholders, these provisions may also decrease our stockholders’ ability to sell their shares of our common stock.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR TAXATION AS A REIT

Failure to qualify as a REIT could adversely affect our operations and our ability to make distributions.

We are organized and operate in a manner intended to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We first elected REIT status for our taxable year ended December 31, 2006. Although we have not requested a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) as to our REIT status, we have received the opinions of our special U.S. federal income tax counsel, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, with respect to our qualification as a REIT. Such opinions have been issued in connection with our initial public offering, follow-on public offering and our current DRIP offering. Investors should be aware, however, that opinions of counsel are not binding on the IRS or on any court. The opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP represent only the view of our counsel based on our counsel’s review and analysis of existing law and on certain representations as to factual matters and covenants made by us, including representations relating to the values of our assets and the sources of our income. Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP has no obligation to advise us or the holders of our common stock of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed in its opinions or of any subsequent change in applicable law. Furthermore, both the validity of the opinions of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP and our qualification as a REIT will depend on our satisfaction of numerous requirements (some on an annual and quarterly basis) established under highly technical and complex provisions of the Code, for which there are only limited judicial or administrative interpretations, and involves the determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control. The complexity of these provisions and of the applicable income tax regulations that have been promulgated under the Code is greater in the case of a REIT that holds its assets through a partnership, as we do. Moreover, no assurance can be given that legislation, new regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions will not change the tax laws with respect to qualification as a REIT or the U.S. federal income tax consequences of that qualification.

If we were to fail to qualify as a REIT for any taxable year, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income at corporate rates. In addition, we would generally be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year in which we lose our REIT status. Losing our REIT status would reduce our net earnings available for investment or distribution to stockholders because of the additional tax liability. In addition, distributions to stockholders would no longer be deductible in computing our taxable income and we would no longer be required to make distributions. To the extent that distributions had been made in anticipation of our qualifying as a REIT, we might be required to borrow funds or liquidate some investments in order to pay the applicable corporate income tax. In addition, although we intend to operate in a manner to qualify as a REIT, it is possible that future economic, market, legal, tax or other considerations may cause our board of directors to recommend that we revoke our REIT election.

 

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We believe that the Operating Partnership will continue to be treated for federal income tax purposes as a partnership and not as an association or as a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. If the Internal Revenue Service were successfully to determine that the Operating Partnership was properly treated as a corporation, the Operating Partnership would be required to pay U.S. federal income tax at corporate rates on its net income, its partners would be treated as stockholders of the Operating Partnership and distributions to partners would constitute distributions that would not be deductible in computing the Operating Partnership’s taxable income. In addition, we could fail to qualify as a REIT, with the resulting consequences described above.

To continue to qualify as a REIT, we must meet annual distribution requirements, which may result in us distributing amounts that may otherwise be used for our operations.

To maintain the favorable tax treatment accorded to REITs, we normally will be required each year to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our real estate investment trust taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for distributions paid and by excluding net capital gains. We are subject to U.S. federal income tax on our undistributed taxable income and net capital gain and to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on any amount by which distributions we pay with respect to any calendar year are less than the sum of (i) 85% of our ordinary income, (ii) 95% of our capital gain net income and (iii) 100% of our undistributed income from prior years. These requirements could cause us to distribute amounts that otherwise would be spent on acquisitions of properties and it is possible that we might be required to borrow funds or sell assets to fund these distributions. Although we intend to make distributions sufficient to meet the annual distribution requirements and to avoid corporate income taxation on the earnings that we distribute, it is possible that we might not always be able to do so.

From time to time, we may generate taxable income greater than our taxable income for financial reporting purposes, or differences in timing between the recognition of taxable income and the actual receipt of cash may occur. If we do not have other funds available in these situations, we could be required to borrow funds on unfavorable terms, sell investments at disadvantageous prices or distribute amounts that would otherwise be invested in future acquisitions to make distributions sufficient to enable us to pay out enough of our taxable income to satisfy the REIT distribution requirement and to avoid corporate income tax and the 4% excise tax in a particular year. These alternatives could increase our costs or reduce our equity. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to grow, which could adversely affect the value of our common stock.

Recharacterization of sale-leaseback transactions may cause us to lose our REIT status.

We may purchase real properties and lease them back to the sellers of such properties. While we will use our best efforts to structure any such sale-leaseback transaction such that the lease will be characterized as a “true lease,” thereby allowing us to be treated as the owner of the property for federal income tax purposes, we cannot assure our stockholders that the IRS will not challenge such characterization. In the event that any such sale-leaseback transaction is challenged and recharacterized as a financing transaction or loan for U.S. federal income tax purposes, deductions for depreciation and cost recovery relating to such property would be disallowed. If a sale-leaseback transaction were so recharacterized, we might fail to satisfy the REIT qualification “asset tests” or the “income tests” and, consequently, lose our REIT status effective with the year of recharacterization. Alternatively, the amount of our REIT taxable income could be recalculated, which might also cause us to fail to meet the distribution requirement for a taxable year.

Our stockholders may have current tax liability on distributions if our stockholders elect to reinvest in shares of our common stock.

Even if our stockholders participate in our DRIP Plan, our stockholders will be deemed to have received, and for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be taxed on, the amount reinvested in shares of our common stock to the extent the amount reinvested was not a tax-free return of capital. As a result, our stockholders that are not tax-exempt entities may have to use funds from other sources to pay their tax liability on the value of the common stock received.

 

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Distributions payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates that apply to other corporate distributions.

Tax legislation enacted in 2003, as amended, generally reduces the maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for distributions payable by corporations to domestic stockholders that are individuals, trusts or estates to 15% through 2010. Distributions payable by REITs, however, generally continue to be taxed at the normal rate applicable to the individual recipient, rather than the 15% preferential rate. Although this legislation does not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or distributions paid by REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate distributions could cause investors who are individuals to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay distributions, which could adversely affect the value of the stock of REITs, including our common stock.

In certain circumstances, we may be subject to federal and state income taxes as a REIT, which would reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.

Even if we maintain our status as a REIT, we may be subject to U.S. federal income taxes or state taxes. For example, net income from a “prohibited transaction” will be subject to a 100% tax. We may not be able to make sufficient distributions to avoid excise taxes applicable to REITs. We may also decide to retain income we earn from the sale or other disposition of our property and pay income tax directly on such income. In that event, our stockholders would be treated as if they earned that income and paid the tax on it directly. However, stockholders that are tax-exempt, such as charities or qualified pension plans, would have no benefit from their deemed payment of such tax liability. We may also be subject to state and local taxes on our income or property, either directly or at the level of the companies through which we indirectly own our assets. Any U.S. federal or state taxes we pay will reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.

Distributions to tax-exempt investors may be classified as unrelated business taxable income.

Neither ordinary nor capital gain distributions with respect to our common stock nor gain from the sale of common stock should generally constitute unrelated business taxable income to a tax-exempt investor. However, there are certain exceptions to this rule. In particular:

 

   

Part of the income and gain recognized by certain qualified employee pension trusts with respect to our common stock may be treated as unrelated business taxable income if shares of our common stock are predominately held by qualified employee pension trusts, and we are required to rely on a special look-through rule for purposes of meeting one of the REIT share ownership tests, and we are not operated in a manner to avoid treatment of such income or gain as unrelated business taxable income;

 

   

Part of the income and gain recognized by a tax-exempt investor with respect to our common stock would constitute unrelated business taxable income if the investor incurs debt in order to acquire the common stock; and

 

   

Part or all of the income or gain recognized with respect to our common stock by social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts and qualified group legal services plans that are exempt from federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (9), (17), or (20) of the Code may be treated as unrelated business taxable income.

Our investments in other REITs and real estate partnerships subject us to the tax risks associated with the tax status of such entities.

We intend to invest in the securities of other REITs and real estate partnerships. Such investments are subject to the risk that any such REIT or partnership may fail to satisfy the requirements to qualify as a REIT or a partnership, as the case may be, in any given taxable year. In the case of a REIT, such failure would subject such entity to taxation as a corporation, may require such REIT to incur indebtedness to pay its tax liabilities, may reduce its ability to make distributions to us, and may render it ineligible to elect REIT status prior to the fifth taxable year following the year in which it fails to so qualify. In the case of a partnership, such failure could

 

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subject such partnership to an entity level tax and reduce the entity’s ability to make distributions to us. In addition, such failures could, depending on the circumstances, jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT.

Complying with the REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities.

To maintain our status as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders and the ownership of shares of our common stock. We may be required to make distributions to stockholders at disadvantageous times or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits.

Complying with the REIT requirements may force us to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.

To maintain our status as a REIT, we must ensure that at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash items, government securities and qualified REIT real estate assets, including shares of stock in other REITs, certain mortgage loans, and mortgage-backed securities. The remainder of our investments in securities (other than governmental securities and qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. In addition, in general, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 25% (20% prior to July 30, 2008) of the value of our total securities can be represented by securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct such failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter to avoid losing our REIT status and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.

The stock ownership limit imposed by the Internal Revenue Code for REITs and our charter may restrict our business combination opportunities.

To maintain our status as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include certain entities) at any time during the last half of each taxable year after our first year in which we qualify as a REIT. Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our board of directors to take the actions that are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. Unless an exemption is granted by our board of directors, no person (as defined to include entities) may own more than 9.8% in value of our capital stock or more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our common stock following the completion of our public offerings. In addition, our charter will generally prohibit beneficial or constructive ownership of shares of our capital stock by any person who owns, actually or constructively, an interest in any of our tenants that would cause us to own, actually or constructively, more than a 9.9% interest in any of our tenants. Our board of directors may grant an exemption in its sole discretion, subject to such conditions, representations and undertakings as it may determine. These ownership limitations in our charter are common in REIT charters and are intended, among other purposes, to assist us in complying with the tax law requirements and to minimize administrative burdens. However, these ownership limits might also delay or prevent a transaction or a change in our control that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders.

The tax on prohibited transactions will limit our ability to engage in transactions, including certain methods of syndicating and securitizing mortgage loans, that would be treated as sales for federal income tax purposes.

A REIT’s net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property, but including mortgage loans that are held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. We might be subject to this

 

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tax if we were to syndicate, dispose of, or securitize loans in a manner that was treated as a sale of the loans for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Therefore, to avoid the prohibited transactions tax, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of loans at the REIT level and may limit the structures we utilize for our securitization transactions, even though the sales or structures otherwise might be beneficial to us.

The failure of a mezzanine loan to qualify as a real estate asset could adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT.

The IRS has issued Revenue Procedure 2003-65, which provides a safe harbor pursuant to which a mezzanine loan that is secured by interests in a pass-through entity will be treated by the IRS as a real estate asset for purposes of the REIT tests, and interest derived from such loan will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the REIT 75% income test. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. We intend to make investments in loans secured by interests in pass-through entities in a manner that complies with the various requirements applicable to our qualification as a REIT. To the extent, however, that any such loans do not satisfy all of the requirements for reliance on the safe harbor set forth in the Revenue Procedure, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge the tax treatment of such loans, which could jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT.

Liquidation of assets may jeopardize our REIT status.

To maintain our status as a REIT, we must comply with requirements regarding our assets and our sources of income. If we are compelled to liquidate our investments to satisfy our obligations to our lenders, we may be unable to comply with these requirements, ultimately jeopardizing our status as a REIT, or we may be subject to a 100% tax on any resultant gain if we sell assets that are treated as dealer property or inventory.

Legislative or regulatory action could adversely affect investors.

In recent years, numerous legislative, judicial and administrative changes have been made to the U.S. federal income tax laws applicable to investments in REITs and similar entities. Additional changes to tax laws are likely to continue to occur in the future, and we cannot assure our stockholders that any such changes will not adversely affect the taxation of a stockholder. Any such changes could have an adverse effect on an investment in shares of our common stock. We urge our stockholders to consult with their own tax advisor with respect to the status of legislative, regulatory or administrative developments and proposals and their potential effect on an investment in shares of our common stock.

Recharacterization of transactions under the Operating Partnership’s private placements could result in a 100% tax on income from prohibited transactions, which would diminish our cash distributions to our stockholders.

The Internal Revenue Service could recharacterize transactions under the Operating Partnership’s private placements such that the Operating Partnership could be treated as the bona fide owner, for tax purposes, of properties acquired and resold by the entity established to facilitate the transaction. Such recharacterization could result in the income realized on these transactions by the Operating Partnership being treated as gain on the sale of property that is held as inventory or otherwise held primarily for the sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. In such event, such gain would constitute income from a prohibited transaction and would be subject to a 100% tax. If this occurs, our ability to pay cash distributions to our stockholders will be adversely affected.

Qualifying as a REIT involves highly technical and complex provisions of the Code.

Qualification as a REIT involves the application of highly technical and complex Code provisions for which only limited judicial and administrative authorities exist. Even a technical or inadvertent violation could jeopardize our REIT qualification. Our continued qualification as a REIT will depend on our satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational, distribution, stockholder ownership and other requirements on a continuing

 

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basis. In addition, our ability to satisfy the requirements to qualify as a REIT depends in part on the actions of third parties over which we have no control or only limited influence, including in cases where we own an equity interest in an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Foreign investors may be subject to FIRPTA on the sale of common shares if we are unable to qualify as a “domestically controlled” REIT.

A foreign person disposing of a U.S. real property interest, including shares of a U.S. corporation whose assets consist principally of U.S. real property interests, is generally subject to a tax, known as FIRPTA, on the gain recognized on the disposition. FIRPTA does not apply, however, to the disposition of stock in a REIT if the REIT is a “domestically controlled REIT.” A domestically controlled REIT is a REIT in which, at all times during a specified testing period, less than 50% in value of its shares is held directly or indirectly by non-U.S. holders. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will qualify as a domestically controlled REIT. If we were to fail to so qualify, gain realized by a foreign investor on a sale of our common stock would be subject to FIRPTA unless our common stock was traded on an established securities market and the foreign investor did not at any time during a specified testing period directly or indirectly own more than 5% of the value of our outstanding common stock.

INVESTMENT COMPANY RISKS

Maintenance of our Investment Company Act exemption imposes limits on our operations.

We conduct our operations so as not to become regulated as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, which we refer to as the “Investment Company Act.” We rely on the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act (and potentially Section 3(c)(6) if, from time to time, we engage in our real estate business through one or more majority owned subsidiaries) and/or any other exclusions available to us. We may rely in the future on any other exemption or exception under the Investment Company Act, including Sections 3(c)(6) or 3(a)(1), or the rules promulgated thereunder.

However, if we were obligated to register as an investment company, we would be required to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act that impose, among other things:

 

   

Limitations on capital structure;

 

   

Restrictions on specified investments;

 

   

Prohibitions on transactions with affiliates; and

 

   

Compliance with reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly increase our operating expenses.

The assets that we may acquire, therefore, are limited by the provisions of the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations promulgated under the Investment Company Act. If we fail to own a sufficient amount of qualifying real estate assets or real estate related assets to satisfy the requirements of Section 3(c)(5)(C) and cannot rely on any other exemption or exclusion under the Investment Company Act, we could be characterized as an investment company.

To maintain compliance with the Investment Company Act exclusion, we may be unable to sell assets we would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets we would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we may have to acquire additional assets that we might not otherwise have acquired or may have to forego opportunities to acquire assets that we would otherwise want to acquire and would be important to our investment strategy. If we were required to register as an investment company but failed to do so, we would be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against us. In addition, our contracts would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement, and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of us and liquidate our business.

 

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In order not to be deemed an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we must be engaged primarily in a business other than that of owning, holding, trading or investing in securities. We believe that we will not be so engaged, but there is uncertainty with respect to the characterization of some types of assets in which we plan to invest as real estate under the Investment Company Act. As a result, it is possible that some of the assets in which we invest could be determined to be securities, rather than interests in, or liens upon, real estate. If a sufficient amount of such assets is determined to be securities rather than interests in or liens upon real estate for purposes of the Investment Company Act, it is possible that we could be characterized as an investment company, which would likely have a material adverse effect on our business and operations. Such a characterization would require us to either (i) change the manner in which we conduct our operations to avoid being required to register as an investment company or (ii) to register as an investment company, either of which could have an adverse effect on us and the market price for our common stock.

Specifically, the CMBS and CRE-CDOs we have acquired are collateralized by pools of first mortgage loans where we can monitor the performance of the underlying mortgage loans through loan management and servicing rights and we will have appropriate workout/foreclosure rights with respect to the underlying mortgage loans. We believe that our CMBS and CRE-CDOs investments will be treated as investments in real estate for purposes of the Investment Company Act. If the Commission or its staff take a different position with respect to the characterization of the CMBS and CRE-CDOs in which we invest, in order to avoid registration as an investment company, we may need to dispose of a significant portion of our CMBS and CRE-CDOs or acquire significant other additional assets, or we may need to modify our business plan to register as an investment company, which would result in significantly increased operating expenses and would likely entail significantly reducing our indebtedness, which could also require us to sell a significant portion of our assets. No assurances can be given that any such dispositions or acquisitions of assets, or deleveraging, could be accomplished on favorable terms. Consequently, any such modification of our business plan could have a material adverse effect on us. Further, if it were established that we were an unregistered investment company, there would be a risk that we would be subject to monetary penalties and injunctive relief in an action brought by the Commission, that we would be unable to enforce contracts with third parties, and that third parties could seek to obtain rescission of transactions undertaken during the period it was established that we were an unregistered investment company. Any such results would be likely to have a material adverse effect on us.

 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

 

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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

As of December 31, 2009, we had invested in 79 real properties, all of which were operating properties. The properties are located in 27 distinct markets throughout the United States and comprise approximately 13.0 million net rentable square feet. As of December 31, 2009, our operating properties were subject to mortgage notes with an aggregate principal amount outstanding of approximately $827.6 million. See Note 6 to our financial statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Geographic Distribution

The following table describes our 79 operating properties, by market, which are presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

Market

  Number of
Properties
  Gross
Investment
Amount (1)
  Net Rentable
Square Feet
  Mortgage
Note
Indebtedness
  % of Gross
Investment
Amount
    % of Total
Net
Rentable
Square Feet
    Occupancy (2)  

Office Properties:

             

Silicon Valley, CA

  5   $ 150,941   855   $ 100,385   9.0   6.6   70.2

Dallas, TX

  3     88,884   761     44,203   5.3   5.9   91.5

Washington, DC

  1     66,486   126     36,267   3.9   1.0   97.6

Denver, CO

  1     52,646   134     33,638   3.1   1.0   100.0

Princeton, NJ

  1     51,075   167     -   3.0   1.3   100.0

Austin, TX

  1     44,978   156     22,235   2.7   1.2   100.0

Chicago, IL

  2     42,906   304     31,000   2.5   2.3   81.6

Philadelphia, PA

  1     37,444   173     24,000   2.2   1.3   83.6

Minneapolis/St Paul, MN

  1     29,403   107     14,960   1.7   0.8   100.0

Little Rock, AR

  1     21,720   102     13,650   1.3   0.8   100.0

Fayetteville, AR

  1     11,695   63     -   0.7   0.5   100.0
                                     

Total/Weighted Average

  18       598,178   2,948     320,338   35.5 %    22.7 %    86.2 % 

Industrial Properties:

             

Central PA

  3     70,563   1,109     41,111   4.2   8.6   96.4

Cincinnati, OH

  3     51,163   953     25,353   3.0   7.4   100.0

Minneapolis/St Paul, MN

  3     34,492   472     16,237   2.0   3.6   100.0

Dallas, TX

  2     33,637   646     23,000   2.0   5.0   93.0

Louisville, KY

  5     31,400   900     12,282   1.9   6.9   85.2

Atlanta, GA

  2     29,678   616     5,280   1.8   4.8   100.0

Silicon Valley, CA

  1     25,304   396     19,150   1.5   3.1   100.0

Columbus, OH

  2     21,513   451     12,095   1.3   3.5   100.0

Indianapolis, IN

  1     21,652   475     12,000   1.3   3.7   100.0

Charlotte, NC

  1     21,119   472     14,800   1.3   3.6   100.0

Chicago, IL

  1     13,158   189     9,200   0.8   1.5   67.1

Kansas City, KS

  1     10,298   180     5,157   0.6   1.4   100.0

Philadelphia, PA

  1     8,082   129     6,050   0.5   1.0   77.7
                                     

Total/Weighted Average

  26       372,059   6,988     201,715   22.1 %    53.9 %    95.6 % 

Retail Properties:

             

New England

  25       417,068   1,852     129,943   24.7   14.3   96.0

Philadelphia, PA

  1     103,493   428     67,800   6.1   3.3   99.7

Washington, DC

  1     62,297   233     37,671   3.7   1.8   100.0

Raleigh, NC

  1     45,020   144     26,200   2.7   1.1   98.7

San Antonio, TX

  1     31,868   160     21,500   1.9   1.2   98.3

Pittsburgh, PA

  1     23,264   103     16,000   1.4   0.8   37.2

Jacksonville, FL

  1     19,445   73     -   1.2   0.6   54.4

New Orleans, LA

  1     3,448   7     2,286   0.2   0.1   100.0

Palm Beach, FL

  1     3,316   8     49   0.2   0.1   100.0

Columbus, OH

  1     3,169   7     2,094   0.2   0.1   100.0

Tampa Bay, FL

  1     2,947   9     2,018   0.2   0.1   100.0
                                     

Total/Weighted Average

  35       715,335   3,024     305,561   42.4 %    23.3 %    94.1 % 
                                     

Grand Total/Weighted Average

  79     $ 1,685,572   12,960   $ 827,614   100.0 %    100.0 %    93.1 % 
                                     

 

(1) Gross investment amount represents our accounting basis as reported on the face of our balance sheets as of December 31, 2009.

 

(2) Occupancy rates are based on commenced leases as of December 31, 2009.

 

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Lease Expirations

Our properties are generally leased to tenants with original terms ranging from three to 10 years. As of December 31, 2009, the weighted average remaining term of our leases was approximately 10.0 years, based on annualized base rent, and 5.5 years, based on leased square footage. The following is a schedule of expiring leases for our consolidated operating properties by annual minimum rents as of December 31, 2009 and assuming no exercise of lease renewal options (amounts in thousands).

 

Year

   Lease Expirations  
   Annualized
Base Rent (1)
   %     Square Feet    %  

2010 (2)

   $ 8,283    7.4   1,119    9.3

2011

     14,526    12.9   1,724    14.4

2012

     15,355    13.7   1,539    12.8

2013

     6,233    5.5   702    5.8

2014

     8,741    7.8   1,011    8.4

2015

     10,776    9.6   1,201    10.0

2016

     5,790    5.2   899    7.5

2017

     7,366    6.6   1,601    13.3

2018

     2,828    2.5   469    3.9

2019

     7,623    6.8   316    2.6

Thereafter

     24,893    22.0   1,433    12.0
                        

Total

   $ 112,414    100.0   12,014    100.0
                        

 

(1) Annualized base rent represents the annual rent of commenced leases as of December 31, 2009, based on their respective non-cancellable terms.

 

(2) Includes leases that are on a month-to-month basis.

Tenant Information

The following table describes our top ten tenant industry sectors as of December 31, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

Tenant

  Locations  

Industry

  Annualized
Rental
Revenue (1)
  %     Square
Feet
  %  

The Stop & Shop Supermarket Company LLC

  14   Grocery Stores   $ 12,575   11.2   797   6.6

Flextronics International USA, Inc.

  3   Electronics     5,466   4.9   700   5.8

Novo Nordisk

  1   Scientific R&D/Pharmaceutical     4,008   3.6   167   1.4

Seton Healthcare Network

  1   Healthcare/Medical     3,773   3.4   156   1.3

Shaw’s Supermarkets, Inc.

  3   Grocery Stores     2,970   2.6   194   1.6

I.A.M National Pension Fund

  1  

Financial/Insurance/Real Estate

    2,369   2.1   63   0.5

Walgreen Eastern Co., Inc.

  1   Drug Stores/Pharmacies     2,270   2.0   503   4.2

Alliant Techsystems, Inc.

  1   Aerospace/Defense     2,143   1.9   107   0.9

Davis, Graham & Stubbs, LLP

  1   Professional Services     2,102   1.9   91   0.8

Cummins, Inc.

  1   Diversified Machinery     2,017   1.7   604   5.0
                           

Total

  27     $ 39,693   35.3   3,382   28.1
                           

 

(1) Annualized base rent represents the annual rent of commenced leases as of December 31, 2009, based on their respective non-cancellable terms.

 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

None.

 

ITEM 4. RESERVED

 

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PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

There is no public market for shares of our common stock and we currently have no obligation or plans to apply for listing on any public trading market. In the future we may consider various forms of liquidity, each of which we refer to as a “Liquidity Event,” including but not limited to (i) listing our common stock on a national securities exchange (or the receipt by our stockholders of securities that are listed on a national securities exchange in exchange for our common stock); (ii) our sale or merger in a transaction that provides our stockholders with a combination of cash and/or securities of a publicly traded company; and (iii) sale of all or substantially all of our real property, debt related investments and real estate securities assets for cash or other consideration. We presently intend to effect a Liquidity Event within 10 years from the date we commenced formal operations on April 3, 2006. However, there can be no assurance that we will effect a Liquidity Event within such time or at all. The current state of the credit markets has resulted in generally lower transaction volume in the broader real estate market and for us. In addition, and in light of market conditions, we have attempted to be prudent in the deployment of capital, which also has resulted in a slower pace of investments. As a result, we may be delayed in our ability to invest our capital in real property and other investments. This delay increases the chance that a Liquidity Event may be delayed beyond 10 years from the date we commenced formal operations.

In order for Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) members and their associated persons to have participated in the sale of shares of common stock pursuant to our public offerings, we are required pursuant to FINRA Rule 2310 to disclose in each annual report distributed to stockholders a per share estimated value of the shares, the method by which it was developed and the date of the data used to develop the estimated value. FINRA members that are a general securities firm are also required by FINRA rules to, under certain circumstances, include the per share estimated value that we disclose in our annual report on their customer’s account statement, provided that the estimated value is not developed from data that is more than 18 months prior to the customer account statement’s date. In February 2009, FINRA issued Regulatory Notice 09-09 (the “FINRA Notice”) that advised general securities broker-dealers that they may no longer use the offering price, or “par value,” on a customer account statement more than 18 months following the conclusion of an offering, unless an appraisal of the program’s assets and operations yields the same value. In an effort to assist participating broker-dealers to comply with this account statement disclosure requirement, certain companies in the non-traded REIT industry have agreed to provide their respective broker-dealers with an updated per share estimated value using a variety of different valuation methodologies. In general, these updated values have been less than the offering price of the respective company’s common stock pursuant to earlier public offerings. No determination has been made to provide an updated per share estimated value of our common stock in order to facilitate broker-dealers’ compliance with the FINRA Notice. However, if we do provide an updated per share estimated value of our common stock, such value may be less than the price per share for which we sold our common stock pursuant to our prior public offerings and our DRIP Plan and that value may be used to effect a change in the share price for which stockholders can purchase shares pursuant to our DRIP Plan and to determine the price at which we would repurchase shares pursuant to our Share Repurchase Program.

In addition, we must prepare annual statements of estimated share values to assist fiduciaries of retirement plans subject to the annual reporting requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) in the preparation of their reports relating to an investment in our shares. For these purposes, the estimated value of the shares was deemed to be $10.00 per share as of December 31, 2009. The basis for this valuation is the fact that, for most of the year ended December 31, 2009, we were conducting a public offering of our shares at the price of $10.00 per share to third-party investors through arm’s length transactions and as of December 31, 2009, we were conducting a public offering of shares pursuant to our DRIP Plan.

However, there is no public trading market for our shares at this time and, if such a market did exist, there is no assurance that stockholders would be able to receive $10.00 per share for their shares of our common stock.

 

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Moreover, we have not performed an appraisal of our investments, principally our generally illiquid real property and debt related investments, which comprise substantially all of our net investment portfolio. As such, any estimated value of our shares at this time is not based upon an appraised value of our investments, nor does it reflect the impact of the adverse and severe changes in global economic and capital market conditions since 2007 or the amount stockholders would receive if our assets were sold and the proceeds were distributed in a liquidation. In the normal course and in the absence of other factors affecting current and future values of our existing and prospective investments, our aggregate net asset value would generally be expected to be less than the proceeds of our public offerings due to the payment of fees and expenses related to the distribution of our shares and the acquisitions of assets and, therefore, our $10.00 per share public offering price may not be the best indicator of the value of shares purchased as a long-term, income-producing investment. In addition, we may conduct additional public offerings of our common stock. Prior to providing a Liquidity Event for our stockholders, our board of directors will determine the public offering price of our shares of common stock for future public offerings, which may or may not be the same as our current public offering price.

We commenced our initial public offering on January 27, 2006. Pursuant to a registration statement, we offered on a continuous basis up to $2.0 billion in shares of our common stock, 75% of which were offered to the public at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which were offered pursuant to our DRIP Plan at a price of $9.50 per share. Our initial public offering terminated as of the close of business on January 21, 2008, and as of such date approximately 118.2 million shares of our common stock were outstanding and held by a total of approximately 21,200 stockholders. Approximately 3.5 million shares were issued pursuant to our DRIP Plan in connection with our initial public offering.

On June 11, 2007, we filed a registration statement for our follow-on public offering, which was declared effective on January 22, 2008. As of the close of business on September 30, 2009, we terminated the primary portion of our public offering of shares of our common stock and ceased accepting new subscriptions to purchase shares of our common stock. However, we have offered and will continue to offer shares of common stock through our DRIP Plan at a price of $9.50 per share. As of December 31, 2009, we had sold approximately 76.4 million shares of our common stock to a total of approximately 11,900 stockholders in connection with our follow-on public offering.

On October 23, 2009, we filed and went effective on a registration statement on Form S-3 registering the sale of shares issued pursuant to our DRIP Plan (the “DRIP Offering”).

Holders

As of March 22, 2010, we had approximately 184.3 million shares of our common stock outstanding held by a total of approximately 33,100 stockholders in connection with our public offerings. As of March 22, 2010, we had approximately 7.0 million OP Units outstanding issued to third parties in connection with our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings.

Distribution Reinvestment Plan

We maintain the DRIP Plan for our stockholders to help facilitate investments in our shares of common stock. Our DRIP Plan allows our stockholders to have cash otherwise distributable to them invested in additional shares of our common stock at a price equal to $9.50 per share. We may terminate the DRIP Plan for any reason at any time upon 10 days’ prior written notice to participants. Participation in the plan may also be terminated with respect to any person to the extent that a reinvestment of distributions in shares of our common stock would cause the share ownership limitations contained in our charter to be violated.

Participants may acquire shares of our common stock pursuant to our DRIP Plan until the earliest date upon which (i) our DRIP offering and any future offering pursuant to our DRIP Plan terminates and we elect to deregister with the Commission the unsold amount of our common stock registered to be offered under our DRIP

 

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Plan, or (ii) there is more than a de minimis amount of trading in shares of our common stock, at which time any registered shares of our common stock then available under our DRIP Plan will be sold at a price equal to the fair value of the shares of our common stock, as determined by our board of directors by reference to the applicable sales price with respect to the most recent trades occurring on or prior to the relevant distribution date. In any case, the price per share will be equal to the then-prevailing market price, which shall equal the price on the national securities exchange on which such shares of common stock are listed at the date of purchase.

Share Redemption Program

We have established a share redemption program (as amended from time to time, the “Program”) that provides our stockholders with limited interim liquidity. The Program will be immediately terminated if our shares of common stock are listed on a national securities exchange, or if a secondary market in our common stock is otherwise established.

After our stockholders have held shares of our common stock for a minimum of one year, our Program may provide a limited opportunity for our stockholders to have their shares of common stock redeemed, subject to certain restrictions and limitations, at a price equal to or at a discount from the purchase price of the shares of our common stock being redeemed and the amount of the discount will vary based upon the length of time that our stockholders have held their shares of our common stock subject to redemption, as described in the following table.

 

Share Purchase Anniversary

   Redemption Price as a
Percentage of Purchase Price
 

Less than 1 year

   No Redemption Allowed   

1 year

   92.5

2 years

   95.0

3 years

   97.5

4 years and longer

   100.0

In the event that a stockholder seeks to redeem all of its shares of our common stock, shares of our common stock purchased pursuant to our DRIP Plan may be excluded from the foregoing one-year holding period requirement at the discretion of the board of directors. If a stockholder has made more than one purchase of our common stock (other than through our DRIP Plan), the one-year holding period will be calculated separately with respect to each such purchase. In addition, for purposes of the one-year holding period, holders of OP Units who exchange their OP Units for shares of our common stock shall be deemed to have owned their shares as of the date they were issued their OP Units. Neither the one-year holding period nor the Redemption Caps (defined below) will apply in the event of the death of a stockholder. The board of directors reserves the right in its sole discretion at any time and from time to time to (i) waive the one-year holding period and either of the Redemption Caps in the event of disability (as such term is defined in the Code) of a stockholder, (ii) reject any request for redemption for any reason or no reason, or (iii) reduce the number of shares of our common stock allowed to be redeemed under the Program. If our board of directors waives the one-year holding period in the event of the disability of a stockholder, or if the redemption request is in connection with the death of a stockholder who has held their shares for less than one year, we will redeem such shares at the discounted amount listed in the above table for a stockholder who has held shares for one year. Furthermore, any shares redeemed in excess of the Quarterly Redemption Cap (defined below) as a result of the death or disability of a stockholder will be included in calculating the following quarter’s redemption limitations. At any time we are engaged in an offering of shares of our common stock, the per share price for shares of our common stock redeemed under our Program will never be greater than the then-current offering price of our shares of our common stock sold in the primary offering.

We are not obligated to redeem shares of our common stock under the Program. We presently intend to limit the number of shares to be redeemed during any calendar quarter to the lesser of (i) one-quarter of five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the date that is twelve-months prior to the end of the current quarter, and (ii) the aggregate number of shares sold pursuant to our DRIP Plan in the

 

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immediately preceding quarter, which amount may be less than the Aggregate Redemption Cap (defined below). The lesser of the preceding limitations is referred to as the (“Quarterly Redemption Cap”). Our board of directors retains the right, but is not obligated to, redeem additional shares if, in its sole discretion, it determines that it is in our best interest to do so, provided that we will not redeem during any consecutive twelve month period more than five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding at the beginning of such twelve-month period (the “Aggregate Redemption Cap”, and together with the Quarterly Redemption Cap, the “Redemption Caps”), unless permitted to do so by applicable regulatory authorities. Although we presently intend to redeem shares pursuant to the above referenced methodology, to the extent that the aggregate proceeds received from the sale of shares pursuant to our DRIP Plan in any quarter are not sufficient to fund redemption requests, our board of directors may, in its sole discretion, choose to use other sources of funds to redeem shares of our common stock, up to the Aggregate Redemption Cap. Such sources of funds could include cash on hand, cash available from borrowings, cash from the sale of our shares pursuant to our DRIP Plan in other quarters, and cash from liquidations of securities investments, to the extent that such funds are not otherwise dedicated to a particular use, such as working capital, cash distributions to stockholders, debt repayment, purchases of real property, real estate related securities, debt related investments or redemptions of OP Units. Our board of directors has no obligation to use other sources of funds to redeem shares of our common stock under any circumstances. The board of directors may in some circumstances, but is not obligated to, increase the Aggregate Redemption Cap, but may only do so in reliance on an applicable no-action letter issued by the Commission staff that would allow such an increase. There can be no assurance that the board of directors will increase either of the Redemption Caps at any time, nor can there be assurance that the board of directors will be able to obtain, if necessary, a no-action letter from the Commission. In any event, the number of shares of our common stock that we may redeem will be limited by the funds available from purchases pursuant to our DRIP Plan, cash on hand, cash available from borrowings and cash from liquidations of securities or debt related investments as of the end of the applicable quarter.

The board of directors may, in its sole discretion, amend, suspend, or terminate the Program at any time if it determines that the funds available to fund the Program are needed for other business or operational purposes or that amendment, suspension or termination of the Program is in the best interest of our stockholders. Any amendment, suspension or termination of the Program will not affect the rights of holders of OP Units to cause us to redeem their OP Units for, at our sole discretion, shares of our common stock, cash, or a combination of both pursuant to the Operating Partnership Agreement (the “OP Agreement”). In addition, the board of directors may determine to modify the Program to redeem shares at the then-current net asset value per share (provided that any offering will then also be conducted at net asset value per shares), as calculated in accordance with policies and procedures developed by our board of directors. If the board of directors decides to amend, suspend or terminate the Program, we will provide stockholders with no less than 30 days prior written notice. Therefore, stockholders may not have the opportunity to make a redemption request prior to any potential suspension, amendment, or termination of our Program.

We intend to redeem shares of our common stock quarterly under the Program. All requests for redemption must be made in writing and received by us at least 15 days prior to the end of the applicable quarter.

Stockholders may also withdraw their redemption request by submitting a request in writing that is received by us at any time up to three business days prior to the end of the applicable quarter.

In connection with our quarterly redemptions, our affiliated stockholders will defer their redemption requests until all redemption requests by unaffiliated stockholders have been met. However, we cannot guarantee that the funds set aside for the Program will be sufficient to accommodate all requests made in any quarter. In the event that we do not have sufficient funds available to redeem all of the shares of our common stock for which redemption requests have been submitted in any quarter or the total amount of shares requested for redemption exceed the Quarterly Redemption Cap, we plan to redeem the shares of our common stock on a pro rata basis. In addition, we will redeem shares of our common stock in full that are presented for redemption in connection with the death and, if approved by the board of directors in its sole discretion, disability, of a stockholder, regardless

 

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of whether we redeem all other shares on a pro rata basis. Moreover, such determinations regarding our Program will not affect any determinations that may be made by the board of directors regarding requests by holders of OP Units for redemption of their OP Units pursuant to the OP Agreement.

We will determine whether to approve redemption requests no later than 30 days following the end of the applicable quarter, which we refer to as the “Redemption Date.” No later than three business days following the Redemption Date, we will pay the redemption price in cash for shares approved for redemption and/or, as necessary, will notify each stockholder in writing if the stockholder’s redemption request was not honored in whole or in part. The redemption request of a stockholder that is not honored in whole or in part will be deemed automatically withdrawn for such shares for which redemption was not approved, and any such stockholder may resubmit a request in a subsequent quarter. We will not retain redemption requests that are not honored in any particular quarter. The redemption request for such shares of our common stock will be deemed void and will not affect the rights of the holder of such shares of our common stock, including the right to receive distributions thereon. If a pro rata redemption would result in a stockholder owning less than half of the minimum purchase amount required under state law, we would redeem all of such stockholder’s shares of our common stock. If a pro rata redemption would result in a stockholder owning less than the minimum amount required under state law but at least half of such amount, we would not redeem any shares of our common stock that would take the stockholder’s holdings below the minimum threshold.

Shares of our common stock redeemed by us under the Program will return to the status of authorized but unissued shares of common stock. We will not resell such shares of common stock to the public unless they are first registered with the Commission under the Securities Act and under appropriate state securities laws or otherwise sold in compliance with such laws.

In aggregate, for the year ended December 31, 2009, we redeemed approximately 5.6 million shares of common stock pursuant to the Program for approximately $52.5 million, as described further in the table below.

 

Month Ended

   Total Number of
Shares Redeemed
   Average Price
per Share
   Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
   Maximum Number of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plan’s Program (1)

January 31, 2009

   -    $ -    -    -

February 28, 2009

   -      -    -    -

March 31, 2009

   924,014      9.43    924,014    -

April 30, 2009

   -      -    -    -

May 31, 2009

   -      -    -    -

June 30, 2009

   1,456,475      9.39    1,456,475    -

July 31, 2009

   -      -    -    -

August 31, 2009

   -      -    -    -

September 30, 2009

   1,567,631      9.40    1,567,631    -

October 31, 2009

   -      -    -    -

November 30, 2009

   -      -    -    -

December 31, 2009

   1,626,684      9.44    1,626,684    -
                     

Total

   5,574,804    $ 9.42    5,574,804    1,125,056
                     

 

(1) This represents the number of shares that could be redeemed for the three months ended March 31, 2010 without exceeding our limitations discussed above.

Distributions

We have made and will continue to make distributions on a quarterly basis following the end of each calendar quarter. In connection with a distribution to our stockholders, our board of directors authorizes a quarterly distribution for a certain dollar amount per share of our common stock before or on the first day of each quarter. We

 

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then calculate each stockholder’s specific distribution amount for the quarter using daily record and declaration dates, and distributions begin to accrue on the date we mail a confirmation of subscription to our stockholders for shares of our common stock, subject to our acceptance of the stockholder’s subscription.

We are required to make distributions sufficient to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Generally, income distributed will not be taxable to us under the Code if we distribute at least 90% of our taxable income each year (computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gain). In addition, if we fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of (a) 85% of our ordinary income for such year, (b) 95% of our capital gain net income for such year, and (c) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods, we will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the excess of the required distribution over the sum of (i) the amounts actually distributed by us, plus (ii) retained amounts on which we pay income tax at the corporate level. Distributions will be authorized at the discretion of the board of directors, in accordance with our earnings, cash flow and general financial condition. The board’s discretion will be directed, in substantial part, by its obligation to cause us to comply with the REIT requirements. Because we may receive income from interest or rents at various times during our fiscal year, distributions may not reflect our income earned in that particular distribution period and may be made in advance of actual receipt of funds in an attempt to make distributions relatively uniform. We are authorized to borrow money, issue new securities or sell assets in order to make distributions. There are no restrictions on the ability of the Operating Partnership to transfer funds to us.

The following table sets forth the distributions that had been paid and/or declared by us for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and as of March 22, 2010 for the first quarter of 2010.

 

Quarter

   Amount Declared
per

Share/Unit (1)
   Annualized Amount
per

Share/Unit (1)
  

Payment Date

2008

        

1st Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    April 15, 2008

2nd Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    July 15, 2008

3rd Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    October 15, 2008

4th Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    January 15, 2009

2009

        

1st Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    April 15, 2009

2nd Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    July 15, 2009

3rd Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    October 15, 2009

4th Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    January 15, 2010

2010

        

1st Quarter 2010

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    April 15, 2010 (2)

 

(1) Assumes share of common stock was owned for the entire quarter.

 

(2) Our board of directors authorized a first quarter 2010 distribution of $0.15 per share of common stock, which will be payable to stockholders of record as of the close of business on each day during the period, from January 1, 2010 through and including March 31, 2010, prorated for the period of ownership. The payment date for such distribution is expected to be April 15, 2010.

Equity Incentive Plan Information

We have adopted an equity incentive plan that we use to attract and retain qualified independent directors, employees, advisors and consultants providing services to us who are considered essential to our long-range success by offering these individuals an opportunity to participate in our growth through awards in the form of, or based on, our common stock. See “Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details regarding our equity incentive plan.

 

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table sets forth selected financial data relating to our historical financial condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006, and for the period from April 11, 2005 (inception) through December 31, 2005. The financial data in the table is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and related notes in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The amounts in the table are in thousands except per share and footnote information.

 

    For the Year Ended December 31,     For the Period from
April 11, 2005
(Inception) through
December 31, 2005
 
  2009     2008     2007     2006    

Operating Data:

         

Total revenue

  $ 159,723      $ 141,690      $ 95,066      $ 6,504      $ -   

Total operating expenses, excluding acquisition-related expenses

    (112,855     (97,765     (62,639     (5,804     -   

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint venture

    2,210        586        -        -        -   

Interest and other income

    2,895        11,996        11,927        1,259        *   

Interest expense

    (55,640     (45,151     (33,600     (2,076     -   

Acquisition-related expenses net of other gains

    (4,936        

Loss on derivatives

    (7,998     (11,673     (557     -        -   

Gain on extinguishment of debt

    -        9,309        -        -        -   

Provision for loss on debt related investments

    (17,339     -        -        -        -   

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities

    (13,141     (192,724     -        -        -   
                                       

Net income (loss)

    (47,081     (183,732     10,197        (117     *   

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

    2,296        7,346        868        65        -   
                                       

Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders

  $ (44,785   $ (176,386   $ 11,065      $ (52     *   
                                       

Common Stock Distributions

         

Common stock distributions declared

  $ 104,365      $ 84,023      $ 51,175      $ 4,090      $ -   

Common stock distributions declared per share

  $ 0.60      $ 0.60      $ 0.60      $ 0.42      $ -   

Per Share Data:

         

Net income (loss) per common share:

         

Basic

  $ (0.26   $ (1.26   $ 0.13      $ (0.01   $ 0.01   

Diluted

  $ (0.26   $ (1.26   $ 0.13      $ (0.02   $ 0.01   

Other Information:

         

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:

         

Basic

    174,006        140,106        85,473        7,087        *

Diluted

    181,109        144,533        85,493        7,107        *

Balance Sheet Data:

         

Total assets

  $ 2,362,991      $ 2,123,578      $ 1,811,784      $ 452,971      $ 203   

Total debt obligations

  $ 840,966      $ 734,928      $ 698,983      $ 84,450      $ -   

Total liabilities

  $ 1,090,405      $ 963,712      $ 891,969      $ 159,177      $ -   

Cash Flow Data:

         

Net cash provided by operating activities

  $ 51,221      $ 60,266      $ 31,772      $ 2,694        *   

Net cash used in investing activities

  $ (245,114   $ (127,254   $ (1,165,338   $ (320,426   $ -   

Net cash provided by financing activities

  $ 168,466      $ 315,567      $ 1,357,883      $ 385,047      $ -   

 

* Less than $100.

 

** 200 shares outstanding.

 

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K provides an overview of what management believes to be the key elements for understanding (i) our company and how we manage our business, (ii) how we measure our performance and our operating results, (iii) our liquidity and capital resources, and (iv) the financial statements that follow in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. is a Maryland corporation formed on April 11, 2005 to invest in a diverse portfolio of real property and real estate related investments. As used herein, “the Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries and partnerships except where the context otherwise requires.

We operate in a manner intended to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2006, when we first elected REIT status. We utilize an Umbrella Partnership Real Estate Investment Trust (“UPREIT”) organizational structure to hold all or substantially all of our assets through our operating partnership, Dividend Capital Total Realty Operating Partnership, L.P. (our “Operating Partnership”). Furthermore, our Operating Partnership wholly owns a taxable REIT subsidiary, DCTRT Leasing Corp. (the “TRS”), through which we execute certain business transactions that might otherwise have an adverse impact on our status as a REIT if such business transactions were to occur directly or indirectly through our Operating Partnership.

The primary source of our revenue and earnings is comprised of rent received from customers under long-term (generally three to ten years) operating leases at our properties, including reimbursements from customers for certain operating costs, interest payments from our debt related investments and interest and dividend payments from our investments in real estate securities. Our primary expenses include rental expenses, depreciation and amortization expenses, general and administrative expenses, asset management fees and interest expense.

We are an externally managed REIT and have no employees. Our day-to-day activities are managed by Dividend Capital Total Advisors LLC (our “Advisor”), an affiliate, under the terms and conditions of an advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”). In addition, under the terms of certain dealer manager agreements, Dividend Capital Securities LLC (the “Dealer Manager”), an affiliate, served as the former manager of our public and private offerings. As a result of the termination of the primary portion of our public offering, we terminated our dealer manager agreement with the Dealer Manager covering our public offerings. Subsequent to December 31, 2009, we also terminated our dealer manager agreements with the Dealer Manager covering our private placement offerings. The Advisor and its affiliates, including our former Dealer Manager, receive or have received various forms of compensation, reimbursements and fees for services relating to our public and private offerings and for the investment and management of our real estate assets.

The cornerstone of our investment strategy is to provide investors seeking a general real estate allocation with a broadly diversified portfolio of assets. Our targeted investments include:

 

  1. Direct investments in real properties, consisting of office, industrial, retail, multifamily, hospitality and other properties, primarily located in North America;

 

  2. Certain debt related investments, including originating and participating in whole mortgage loans secured by commercial real estate, B-notes, mezzanine debt and other related investments; and

 

  3. Investments in real estate securities, including securities issued by other real estate companies, CMBS and CRE-CDOs and similar investments.

 

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As of December 31, 2009, we had total gross investments of approximately $1.9 billion (before accumulated depreciation of approximately $146.2 million), comprised of:

 

  (1) 79 operating properties located in 27 geographic markets in the United States, aggregating approximately 13.0 million net rentable square feet. Our operating real property portfolio includes an aggregate gross investment amount of approximately $1.7 billion and consists of:

 

   

18 office properties located in 11 geographic markets, aggregating approximately 2.9 million net rentable square feet, with an aggregate gross investment amount of approximately $598.2 million;

 

   

26 industrial properties located in 13 geographic markets, aggregating approximately 7.0 million net rentable square feet, with an aggregate gross investment amount of approximately $372.1 million; and

 

   

35 retail properties located in 11 geographic markets, aggregating approximately 3.0 million net rentable square feet, with an aggregate gross investment amount of approximately $715.3 million.

 

  (2) Approximately $157.9 million in net debt related investments, including (a) investments in B-notes of approximately $51.9 million (b) investments in mezzanine debt of approximately $20.0 million, (c) investments in mortgage notes of approximately $68.6 million and (d) an investment in an unconsolidated joint venture of approximately $17.4 million.

 

  (3) Approximately $72.7 million in real estate securities, including (a) preferred equity securities of various real estate operating companies and REITs with an aggregate fair value of approximately $63.9 million, and (b) CMBS and CRE-CDOs with an aggregate fair value of approximately $8.8 million.

Consistent with our investment strategy, we have three business segments: (i) real property, (ii) debt related investments and (iii) real estate securities. For a discussion of our business segments and the associated revenue and net operating income by segment, see Note 15 to our financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We expect to fund our future and near term investment activity primarily through the use of cash on hand and the issuance and assumption of debt obligations.

 

   

Cash on hand — As of December 31, 2009, we had approximately $514.8 million of cash and cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2009, the majority of our cash was invested in various AAA-rated money market funds, which were earning interest at a weighted average yield of approximately 0.2%.

 

   

The issuance and assumption of debt obligations — As of December 31, 2009, we had total debt obligations of approximately $841.0 million comprised of approximately $827.6 million of mortgage notes and $13.4 million of other secured borrowings outstanding.

We believe that our cash balance is critical in the current market and positions us well to take advantage of investment opportunities in the future. Several trends developed in 2009, which limited investment opportunities, including owners of real estate continuing to delay any meaningful disposition in hopes for a better value in the future, banks extending maturing loans beyond their original maturities and increased competition for high quality real estate investments. As a result, attractive opportunities to deploy our capital have been limited. In addition, and in light of market conditions, we have attempted to be prudent in the deployment of capital, which also has resulted in a slower pace of investments. In the meantime, our cash balance has a significant dilutive effect on our goal of funding the payment of quarterly distributions to our stockholders entirely from our operations over time.

Accordingly, we determined that it was prudent to close our public offering sooner than the anticipated closing in January 2010, and, in so doing, limit the amount of incremental dilutive cash. As a result, and other than pursuant to our DRIP Plan, we have not offered our shares for sale in our public offering after

 

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September 30, 2009. As of December 31, 2009, we had issued approximately 182.8 million common shares through the primary portion of our public offerings, net of redemptions and selling costs, for net proceeds of approximately $1.6 billion.

Despite the challenging economic conditions described above, we believe that attractive opportunities may exist to deploy equity capital to acquire high-quality, real properties leased to creditworthy tenants in premier locations throughout the United States, with the intention of owning and operating these properties over the long term. Many of these opportunities are expected to become available as a result of debt refinancings coming due or other liquidity concerns for many industry participants, and generally the current market environment favors real estate investors with significant amounts of available cash who can provide no financing contingencies and more certainty of closing. Furthermore, the current credit market conditions may also create an opportunity to make debt related investments by lending money to experienced real estate owners at attractive rates and terms secured by high-quality collateral. Our ability to identify and execute on these types of opportunities inherently has risk. The following identifies the principal business risks associated with our business.

Principal Business Risks

In our view, there are several principal near-term business risks we face in achieving our business objectives.

 

   

The risk that the current prolonged economic slowdown and severe recession could have a negative impact on our operations. A negative impact on our real property and debt related investments may continue to occur as a result of increased tenant bankruptcies and tenant defaults, generally lower demand for rentable space, as well as a potential oversupply of rentable space, which could lead to little or no demand for rentable space or increased concessions, tenant improvement expenditures or reduced rental rates to maintain occupancies.

Moreover, the possible continued impact that ongoing or intensified uncertainty and disruptions in the capital markets could have on the value of our real estate securities investments. To date, we have recorded significant other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our investment in real estate securities due to the disruptions and uncertainties in the capital markets, deterioration in credit and liquidity of issuers, and a variety of other factors, and if such conditions persist or worsen, we may be required to record additional other-than-temporary impairment charges in the future and/or potentially suffer further unrealized or realized losses with respect to these investments. In addition, the amount and timing of our cash flows from our real estate securities investments and our ability to sell such investments have been and may be further impacted by the uncertainty and disruptions in the capital markets.

 

   

Another principal near-term business risk is our ability to continue to identify additional real property and debt related investments on a timely basis to maintain portfolio diversification across multiple dimensions and to provide consistent quarterly distributions to our stockholders that, in the future, we intend to be funded entirely by our operations. The number and type of real properties we may acquire and debt related investments we may invest in will depend upon real estate market conditions, conditions in the capital markets and other circumstances existing at the time of acquisition. As described above, several trends have led to lower transaction volumes and to the extent that such disruptions and uncertainties continue, we may be further delayed in our ability to deploy capital into investments that meet our investment criteria, which could have a dilutive effect on our results from operations as a result of higher cash balances that earn less than potential returns on investments in real properties and real estate related assets. In addition, this delay increases the chance that our intended Liquidity Event, which we intend to effect within ten years from the date we commenced on April 3, 2006, may be delayed beyond ten years.

 

   

A further principal business risk is our ability to access additional debt financing on reasonable terms. Over the past 12 to 18 months, the U.S. credit markets have experienced severe dislocations and

 

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liquidity disruptions, which have caused significant volatility in credit spreads on prospective debt financings and created uncertainties with respect to the valuation of assets. Continued volatility and uncertainty in the credit markets could negatively impact our ability to access additional debt financing at reasonable terms or at all, which may negatively affect investment returns on future acquisitions or our ability to make additional acquisitions consistent with our overall investment objectives.

Significant Transactions During the Year Ended December 31, 2009

Investment Activity

Real Property Acquisitions

The following table describes our real property acquisitions made during the year ended December 31, 2009 (dollar and square footage amounts in thousands).

 

Property

 

Market

  Property
Type
  Number of
Properties
  Date of
Acquisition
  Gross
Investment
Amount (1)
  Net
Rentable
Square Feet
  Occupancy (2)  

2009 real property acquisitions

             

Preston Sherry Plaza

  Dallas, TX   Office   1   12/16/09   $ 29,819   147   89.3

Park Place

  Dallas, TX   Office   1   12/16/09     23,704   177   72.2

Campus Road Office Center

  Princeton, NJ   Office   1   11/03/09     51,075   167   100.0

Greater DC Retail

  Washington, DC   Retail   1   04/06/09     62,297   233   100.0

1300 Connecticut

  Washington, DC   Office   1   03/10/09     66,486   126   97.6
                         

Total 2009 real property acquisitions

  5     $ 233,381   850   92.0
                         

 

(1) Gross investment amount represents our accounting basis as reported on the face of our financial statements as of December 31, 2009.

 

(2) Occupancy rates are based on commenced leases as of December 31, 2009.

Debt Related Investments

Origination of Westin-Galleria Loan

On July 23, 2009, we originated a $65.0 million senior mortgage loan secured by two hotel properties located in the Houston, Texas market (the “Westin Galleria Loan”). The borrower under the Westin Galleria Loan is Walton Houston Galleria Hotels, L.P., an affiliate of Chicago, Illinois-based Walton Street Capital, a private equity real estate sponsor. The Westin Galleria Loan has an initial term of three years, prepayable in the initial term, subject to certain prepayment fees, and is subject to two additional one-year extensions. We earned an origination fee of approximately $975,000 upon the origination of the Westin Galleria Loan. In connection with our origination of the Westin Galleria Loan, we paid our Advisor an acquisition fee of approximately $650,000. We originated the Westin Galleria Loan using net proceeds from our public and private offerings.

Impairment

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we recognized approximately $17.3 million in a provision for loan loss related to our debt related investments in the accompanying statements of operations. This provision was entirely related to one mezzanine debt investment and resulted from our assessment that future cash flows from this investment were highly uncertain and that the collateral has no value. We have taken a provision loan loss for the entire carrying amount of this investment as of December 31, 2009. We have not recognized any provision loan losses associated with any other investments in our debt investment portfolio as of December 31, 2009.

 

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Financing Activity

Mortgage Debt Financing

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we obtained or assumed approximately $113.7 million in additional mortgage debt financing, comprised of four mortgage notes secured by eight real properties. The weighted average stated interest rate on these financings was approximately 6.1%. (See Note 6 in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details of these mortgage loans.) During the year ended December 31, 2008, we obtained or assumed approximately $184.8 million in additional mortgage debt, comprised of ten mortgage notes secured by 21 real properties.

Equity Capital Raise from Public and Private Offerings

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we issued approximately 29.4 million shares of our common stock in connection with our public offerings for net proceeds of approximately $266.9 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2009, our Operating Partnership raised approximately $12.2 million from the sale of fractional interests in one property.

On August 3, 2009, we announced the termination of the primary portion of our public offering effective as of the close of business on September 30, 2009. We are continuing to offer shares of common stock through our DRIP Plan.

Acquisition of Fractional Interests

During the year ended December 31, 2009, our Operating Partnership exercised its option to acquire, at fair value, approximately $7.9 million of previously sold fractional interests in one property for a combination of (i) approximately 747,000 OP Units issued at a price of $10.00 per OP Unit, representing approximately $7.5 million of the aggregate purchase and (ii) approximately $412,000 in cash.

How We Measure Our Performance

Funds From Operations

We believe that net income, as defined by GAAP, is the most appropriate earnings measure. However, we consider funds from operations (“FFO”) to be a useful supplemental measure of our operating performance. Our discussion and calculation of our FFO reconciled from net income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 will be separately presented in our announcement of 2009 financial and operating results prior to our 2009 earnings conference.

Net Operating Income (“NOI”)

We use NOI as a supplemental financial performance measure because NOI reflects the specific operating performance of our real properties, debt related investments and real estate securities and excludes certain items that are not considered to be controllable in connection with the management of each property, such as interest income, depreciation and amortization, general and administrative expenses, asset management fees, interest expense and noncontrolling interests. However, NOI should not be viewed as an alternative measure of our financial performance as a whole, since it does exclude such items that could materially impact our results of operations. Further, our NOI may not be comparable to that of other real estate companies, as they may use different methodologies for calculating NOI. Therefore, we believe net income, as defined by GAAP, to be the most appropriate measure to evaluate our overall financial performance.

Our Operating Results

For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had a net loss attributable to common stockholders of $44.8 million and $176.4 million, respectively. The results of our operations for the year ended December 31,

 

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2009 was substantially different than our results for the same period in 2008, primarily as a result of more investing and financing activities and as a result of significantly reduced other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our investments in real estate securities.

The following series of tables and discussions describe in detail our results of operations, including those items specifically mentioned above, for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.

Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2008

The following table illustrates the changes in rental revenues, rental expenses, net operating income, other income and other expenses for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. Our same store portfolio includes all operating properties that we owned for the entirety of both the current and prior year reporting periods. The same store portfolio includes 61 properties acquired prior to January 1, 2008, comprising approximately 10.3 million square feet. A discussion of these changes follows the table (in thousands).

 

     For the Year Ended December 31,  
           2009                 2008                 $ Change        

Revenues

      

Base rental revenue-same store (1)

   $ 81,393      $ 80,535      $ 858   

Other rental revenue-same store

     25,672        28,288        (2,616
                        

Total rental revenue-same store

     107,065        108,823        (1,758

Rental revenue-2009/2008 acquisitions

     34,572        5,924        28,648   
                        

Total rental revenue

     141,637        114,747        26,890   

Securities income

     8,074        17,567        (9,493

Debt related income (2)

     12,222        9,962        2,260   
                        

Total revenues

     161,933        142,276        19,657   

Rental Expense

      

Same store

     28,365        28,594        (229

2009/2008 acquisitions

     8,638        1,027        7,611   
                        

Total rental expense

     37,003        29,621        7,382   

Net Operating Income (3)

      

Real property-same store

     78,700        80,127        (1,427

Real property-2009/2008 acquisitions

     25,934        5,000        20,934   

Securities income

     8,074        17,567        (9,493

Debt related income

     12,222        9,962        2,260   
                        

Total net operating income

     124,930        112,656        12,274   

Other Operating Expenses

      

Depreciation and amortization expense

     57,834        52,313        5,521   

General and administrative expenses

     5,079        4,233        846   

Asset management fees, related party

     12,939        11,599        1,340   

Acquisition-related expenses net of other gains

     4,936        —          4,936   
                        

Total other operating expenses

     80,788        68,145        12,643   

Other Income (Expenses)

      

Interest and other income

     2,895        11,996        (9,101

Interest expense

     (55,640     (45,151     (10,489

Loss on derivatives

     (7,998     (11,673     3,675   

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     —          9,309        (9,309

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (13,141     (192,724     179,583   

Provision for loss on debt related investments

     (17,339     —          (17,339
                        

Total other income (expenses)

     (91,223     (228,243     137,020   

Net Loss

   $ (47,081   $ (183,732   $ 136,651   
                        

 

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(1) Base rental revenue represents contractual base rental revenue earned by us from our tenants and does not include the impact of certain GAAP adjustments to rental revenue, such as straight-line rent adjustments, amortization of above-market intangible lease assets or the amortization of below-market lease intangible liabilities. Such GAAP adjustments and other rental revenue such as expense recovery revenue are included in the line item, referred to as “other rental revenue.”

 

(2) Includes equity-in-earnings from an unconsolidated joint venture of approximately $2.2 million and $586,000 for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

(3) For a discussion as to why we view net operating income to be an appropriate supplemental performance measure, refer to “Net Operating Income” included in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Rental Revenue

Rental revenue increased approximately $26.9 million to approximately $141.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to approximately $114.7 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 18 additional operating real properties subsequent to December 31, 2007.

Same store base rental revenues increased by approximately $858,000, or 1.2%, for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. This increase was primarily due to scheduled rent increases in 2009 and the expiration of certain rent abatement terms subsequent to December 31, 2008. This was partially offset by a decline in the occupancy of our same store portfolio of assets. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, occupancy of our same store portfolio was approximately 93.3% and 94.8%, respectively.

Same store other rental revenue decreased by approximately $2.6 million, or 9.2%, for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to approximately $28.3 million for the same period in 2008. This decrease was primarily driven by straight-line rent adjustments that increased revenue during the year ended December 31, 2008 caused by significant rent abatements, which did not recur during the same period in 2009.

Securities Income

Securities income decreased approximately $9.5 million to approximately $8.1 million for year ended December 31, 2009, compared to approximately $17.6 million for the same period in 2008.

Income from our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities decreased due to three factors including the decline in LIBOR rates, suspended interest payments and a change in accounting methodology. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the one-month LIBOR rate was approximately 0.23% and 0.44%, respectively. For both December 31, 2009 and 2008, approximately 44% of our real estate securities, based on notional amounts, were floating rate securities. Also, three of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities have indefinitely suspended their interest payments resulting in a loss of annualized interest income of approximately $1.1 million based on the LIBOR rate as of December 31, 2009. Finally, the change to the cost recovery method of accounting for certain of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities due to the uncertainty of cash flows through the year resulted in a decrease of interest income of approximately $1.2 million. Collectively, these issues caused a decrease of interest income from our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities of approximately $6.9 million.

The decrease to interest income of our preferred equity securities was primarily attributable to three of our issuers indefinitely suspending their respective preferred dividends during the year ended December 31, 2008. These suspended dividends represent a loss of annualized interest income of approximately $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.

Debt Related Income

Debt related income increased approximately $2.3 million, to approximately $12.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to approximately $10.0 million for the same period in 2008. The increase is primarily attributable to our investment of $104.4 million in debt related investments subsequent to

 

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December 31, 2007. The increase in debt related income due to investments was partially offset by a general decline in the one-month LIBOR rate, which impacts interest income on floating-rate debt related investments. Approximately 19.4% and 28.6% of our debt related investments earned interest based on a floating-rate as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Rental Expenses

Rental expenses increased approximately $7.4 million to approximately $37.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, from approximately $29.6 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 18 additional operating real properties subsequent to December 31, 2007.

Same store rental expenses decreased by approximately $229,000, or 0.8%, for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the same period in 2008, due primarily to decreases in insurance expense of approximately $311,000 and repair and maintenance expense of approximately $502,000. These decreases were partially offset by increases in property taxes of approximately $223,000, and bad debt expenses of approximately $351,000.

Other Operating Expenses

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $5.5 million to $57.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to approximately $52.3 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 18 additional operating real properties subsequent to December 31, 2007.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses increased approximately $847,000 to $5.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, from $4.2 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to growth in stockholders, accounting and legal fees and other general overhead expenses.

Asset Management Fees, Related Party

Asset management fees paid to our Advisor increased approximately $1.3 million to approximately $12.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, from approximately $11.6 million for the same period in 2008. This increase resulted from additional investments held during the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. This increase was primarily attributable to our acquisition of 18 additional operating real properties and four debt investments subsequent to December 31, 2007.

Acquisition-Related Expenses Net of Other Gains

Beginning on January 1, 2009, we are required to expense costs associated with the acquisition of real property as incurred, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor. In addition, we are also required to estimate the fair value of contingent consideration related to acquisitions of real property and record either a gain or loss to our statement of operations for changes in our estimate of fair value. During year ended December 31, 2009, we incurred approximately $5.9 million of acquisition-related expenses, which were attributable to our 2009 acquisitions. This expense was comprised of acquisition fees paid to the Advisor of approximately $2.3 million and legal, closing, transfer taxes and other due diligence costs of approximately $3.6 million. We recorded a gain of approximately $1.0 million related to an increase in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration received related to previous real property acquisitions. Prior to January 1, 2009, acquisition-related expenses were capitalized and amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the related life of the acquired property. In addition, prior to January 1, 2009, changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration were not recognized in our statements of operations until the actual consideration was realized. As a result, there were no acquisition-related expenses and other gains (losses) for the same period in 2008.

 

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Other Income (Expenses)

Interest Income

Interest income decreased by approximately $9.1 million to $2.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, from $12.0 million for the same period in 2008. This decrease is attributable to lower average yields on our floating-rate interest-bearing bank accounts and money market mutual fund investments. The weighted average interest rate for which our cash balances earned interest income was 0.2% and 1.3% as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $10.5 million to $55.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, from $45.2 million for the same period in 2008. This increase resulted primarily from additional mortgage note financing we assumed or incurred subsequent to December 31, 2007, partially offset by a general decline in the one-month LIBOR rate, which impacts interest expense on floating-rate debt obligations, and the partial repayment of our other secured borrowings. Our total borrowings, including financing obligations, increased by 13.1% to approximately $950.1 million in 2009 from approximately $840.0 million for the same period in 2008. The following table further describes our interest expense by debt obligation, including amortization of loan cost, amortization of other compensation income related to our derivatives and related discounts and premiums, for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

      2009    2008

Debt obligation

     

Mortgage notes

   $ 49,209    $ 37,151

Financing obligations

     6,189      6,775

Other secured borrowings

     242      1,225
             

Total

   $ 55,640    $ 45,151
             

Loss on Derivatives

Loss on derivatives decreased by approximately $3.7 million to $8.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, from $11.7 million for the same period in 2008. During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we determined that it was no longer probable that previously forecasted incurrences of fixed-rate debt associated with certain of our forward starting swaps would be incurred within the timeframe specified in the corresponding hedge designation memorandum. As a result of these discontinuances of these cash flow hedges, we recognized losses on derivatives of approximately $9.6 million and $9.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. In addition, during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we recognized a net gain of approximately $1.6 million and a net loss of approximately $2.1 million, respectively, due to a change in forecasted dates of debt incurrences.

Gain on Extinguishment of Debt

During the year ended December 31, 2008, we fully repaid floating-rate debt that had been previously secured by 17 retail properties that had been acquired as part of our New England Retail Portfolio purchased in August and October of 2007. We repaid the total outstanding aggregate principal balance of approximately $121.9 million in the amount of approximately $111.5 million, representing an approximate $10.4 million discount to par, resulting in a gain of approximately $9.3 million, net of $1.1 million in unamortized deferred loan costs. We did not have any gains on extinguishment of debt during the same period in 2009.

Net Other-than-Temporary Impairment on Securities

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities decreased by approximately $179.6 million to approximately $13.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from approximately $192.7 for the same

 

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period in 2008. During the year ended December 31, 2009, we recorded net other-than-temporary impairment charges of approximately $13.1 million related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. During the same period in 2008, we recorded net other-than-temporary impairment charges of approximately $123.0 million related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities and approximately $69.7 million related to our preferred equity securities. See Note 4 to our financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of this charge.

Provision for Loss on Debt Related Investments

Provision for loss on debt related investments was approximately $17.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 due to a complete provision for loss related to one of our debt related investments in the accompanying statements of operations. There were no impairment losses recognized for our debt related investments during the same period in 2008.

Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2007

The following table illustrates the changes in rental revenues, rental expenses, net operating income, other income and other expenses for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007. Our same store portfolio includes all operating properties that we owned for the entirety of both the current and prior year reporting periods. The same store portfolio includes 14 properties acquired prior to December 31, 2006, comprising approximately 3.2 million square feet. A discussion of these changes follows the table (in thousands).

 

     For the Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     $ Change  

Revenues

      

Base rental revenue-same store (1)

   $ 25,582      $ 25,670      $ (88

Rental revenue-2008/2007 acquisitions

     89,165        44,754        44,411   
                        

Total rental revenue

     114,747        70,424        44,323   

Securities income

     17,567        15,691        1,876   

Debt related income (2)

     9,962        8,951        1,011   
                        

Total revenues

     142,276        95,066        47,210   

Rental Expenses

      

Same store

     6,574        6,522        52   

2008/2007 acquisitions

     23,047        12,268        10,779   
                        

Total rental expenses

     29,621        18,790        10,831   

Net Operating Income (3)

      

Real property-same store

     19,008        19,148        (140

Real property-2008/2007 acquisitions

     66,118        32,486        33,632   

Securities income

     17,567        15,691        1,876   

Debt related income

     9,962        8,951        1,011   
                        

Total net operating income

     112,655        76,276        36,379   

Other Operating Expenses

      

Depreciation and amortization expense

     52,313        31,358        20,955   

General and administrative expenses

     4,232        3,784        448   

Asset management fees, related party

     11,599        8,707        2,892   

Acquisition-related expenses and other gains (losses)

     -        -        -   
                        

Total other operating expenses

     68,144        43,849        24,295   

Other Income (Expenses)

      

Interest and other income

     11,996        11,927        69   

Interest expense

     (45,151     (33,600     (11,551

Loss on derivatives

     (11,673     (557     (11,116

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     9,309        -        9,309   

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (192,724     -        (192,724
                        

Total other income (expenses)

     (228,243     (22,230     (206,013

Net Income (Loss)

   $ (183,732   $ 10,197      $ (193,929
                        

 

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1) Base rental revenue represents contractual base rental revenue earned by us from our tenants and does not include the impact of certain GAAP adjustments to rental revenue, such as straight-line rent adjustments, amortization of above-market intangible lease assets or the amortization of below-market lease intangible liabilities. Such GAAP adjustments and other rental revenue such as expense recovery revenue are included in the line item, referred to as “other rental revenue.”

 

2) Includes equity-in-earnings from an unconsolidated joint venture of approximately $586,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008. We did not have any equity-in-earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures during the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

3) For a discussion as to why we view net operating income to be an appropriate supplemental performance measure, refer to “Net Operating Income” included in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Rental Revenue

Total rental revenue increased approximately $44.4 million to approximately $114.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, compared to approximately $70.4 million for the same period in 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 59 additional operating real properties subsequent to December 31, 2006.

Same store base rental revenues decreased by approximately $88,000, or 0.3%, for the year ended December 31, 2008, compared to the same period in 2007, primarily due to a decline in rental recovery revenue of approximately $377,000 partially offset by an increase in base rental revenue of approximately 1.2%, or $227,000, and other revenue items.

Securities Income

Securities income increased $1.9 million to $17.6 million for year ended December 31, 2008, compared to $15.7 million for the same period in 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of additional real estate securities with an investment amount of $207.8 million subsequent to December 31, 2006. The increase in securities income due to increased investments was partially offset by an average decline in the one-month LIBOR rate over the periods, which impacts interest income on floating-rate securities investments. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the one-month LIBOR rate was approximately 0.44% and 4.60%, respectively. For both December 31, 2008 and 2007, approximately 45.7% of our real estate securities, based on amounts invested, were floating rate securities. Furthermore, issuers of two of our preferred equity securities indefinitely suspended their respective preferred dividends during the three months ended December 31, 2008, resulting in a decrease in securities income of approximately $628,000 compared to the year ended December 31, 2007.

Debt Related Income

Debt related income increased $1.0 million, to $10.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, compared to $9.0 million for the same period in 2007. The increase is primarily attributable to our investment of $78.1 million in debt related investments, net of principal repayments and amortization, subsequent to December 31, 2006. The increase in debt related income due to investments was offset by a general decline in the one-month LIBOR rate, which impacts interest income on floating-rate debt related investments. Approximately 28.6% and 83.0% of our debt related investments earned interest based on a floating-rate as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Rental Expenses

Rental expenses increased approximately $10.8 million to approximately $29.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, from approximately $18.8 million for the same period in 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 59 additional operating real properties subsequent to December 31, 2006.

Same store rental expenses increased by approximately $52,000, or 0.8%, for the year ended December 31, 2008, as compared to the same period in 2007, due primarily to increases in bad debt expense of approximately $226,000, partially offset by a decrease in repair and maintenance and insurance expenses of approximately $191,000.

 

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Other Operating Expenses

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $21.0 million to $52.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, compared to approximately $31.4 million for the same period in 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 59 additional operating real properties subsequent to December 31, 2006.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses increased approximately $448,000 to $4.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, from $3.8 million for the same period in 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to growth in assets and stockholders, including increased state and local taxes, organizational costs, terminated acquisition costs, audit fees, and other general overhead expenses.

Asset Management Fees, Related Party

Asset management fees paid to our Advisor increased as a result of additional investments held during the year ended December 31, 2008, compared to the same period in 2007. During the year ended December 31, 2008, our Advisor earned $11.6 million in asset management fees, which was comprised of (i) real property asset management fees of $9.0 million associated with 75 real properties (including one disposed property and one property held for sale), (ii) debt related asset management fees of $1.1 million and (iii) real estate securities asset management fees of $1.5 million. During the same period in 2007, our Advisor earned $8.7 million in asset management fees, which was comprised of (i) real property asset management fees of $5.9 million associated with 61 real properties, (ii) debt related asset management fees of $933,000 and (iii) real estate securities asset management fees of $1.9 million.

Other Income (Expenses)

Interest Income

Interest income increased by approximately $69,000 to $12.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, from $11.9 million for the same period in 2007. This increase is attributable to increased cash balances, which was offset by lower average yields on our floating-rate interest-bearing bank accounts and money market mutual fund investments.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $11.6 million to $45.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, from $33.6 million for the same period in 2007. The increase resulted primarily from additional mortgage note financing and other secured borrowings we assumed or incurred subsequent to December 31, 2006. Our total weighted average borrowings, including financing obligations, increased by 46.8% to approximately $767.2 million in 2008 from approximately $522.5 million for the same period in 2007.The following table further describes our interest expense by debt obligation for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

     2008    2007

Debt obligation

     

Mortgage notes

   $ 37,151    $ 27,451

Financing obligations

     6,775      5,186

Other secured borrowings

     1,225      963
             

Total

   $ 45,151    $ 33,600
             

 

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Loss on Derivatives

Loss on derivatives increased $11.1 million to $11.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, from $557,000 for the same period in December 31, 2007. Approximately $9.5 million was reclassified from other accumulated comprehensive income (loss) to loss on derivatives based on our determination that it was no longer probable that previously forecasted issuances of fixed-rate debt related to a $111.6 million portion of our LIBOR-based forward starting swaps would be issued within the timeframe specified in its corresponding hedge designation memorandum. In addition to this charge, hedge ineffectiveness on cash flow hedges of approximately $2.1 million was recorded primarily due to a change in the forecasted dates for debt issuances hedged by our forward starting swaps. During the same period in 2007, we incurred approximately $557,000 in losses related to derivative instrument activity primarily due to a change in the forecasted dates for debt issuances hedged by forward starting swaps and due to the impact that movements in the one-month LIBOR rate had on our undesignated zero cost collar.

Gain on Extinguishment of Debt

During the year ended December 31, 2008, we fully repaid floating-rate debt that had been previously secured by 17 retail properties that had been acquired as part of our New England Retail Portfolio purchased in August and October of 2007. We repaid the total outstanding aggregate principal balance of approximately $121.9 million in the amount of approximately $111.5 million, representing an approximate $10.4 million discount to par, resulting in a gain of approximately $9.3 million, net of $1.1 million in unamortized deferred loan costs.

Net Other-than-Temporary Impairment on Securities

During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded other-than-temporary impairment charges totaling approximately $192.7 million, comprised of an impairment charge of approximately $69.7 million related to our preferred equity securities and approximately $123.0 million related to our CRE-CDO and CMBS securities, which is reflected in the accompanying statement of operations. See Note 4 to our financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of this charge.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity Outlook

Although the credit markets continue to be dislocated in the real estate sector as a result of the liquidity constraints of major lending institutions and other traditional sources of debt capital, we believe that our sources of capital are adequate to meet our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements. We believe that our existing cash balances, cash flows from operations, additional net proceeds from our DRIP Plan and prospective debt incurrences and assumptions will be sufficient to satisfy our liquidity and capital requirements for the next 12 months. Our capital requirements over the next 12 months are anticipated to include, but are not limited to, operating expenses, distribution payments, redemption payments, acquisitions of real property, debt related investments and real estate securities and debt service payments, including debt maturities of approximately $62.6 million, all of which are subject to certain extension options.

 

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Lease Expirations

Our primary source of funding for our property-level operating expenses and debt service payments is rent collected pursuant to our tenant leases. Our properties are generally leased to tenants for terms ranging from three to ten years. As of December 31, 2009, the weighted average remaining term of our leases was approximately 10.0 years, based on annualized base rent, and 5.5 years, based on leased square footage. The following is a schedule of expiring leases for our consolidated operating properties by annual minimum rents as of December 31, 2009 and assuming no exercise of lease renewal options (amounts in thousands).

 

Year

   Lease Expirations  
   Annualized
Base Rent (1)
   %     Square Feet    %  

2010 (2)

   $ 8,283    7.4   1,119    9.3

2011

     14,526    12.9   1,724    14.4

2012

     15,355    13.7   1,539    12.8

2013

     6,233    5.6   702    5.8

2014

     8,741    7.8   1,011    8.4

2015

     10,776    9.6   1,201    10.0

2016

     5,790    5.2   899    7.5

2017

     7,366    6.6   1,601    13.3

2018

     2,828    2.5   469    3.9

2019

     7,623    6.8   316    2.6

Thereafter

     24,893    22.0   1,433    12.0
                        

Total

   $ 112,414    100.0   12,014    100.0
                        

 

(1) Annualized base rent represents the average annual rent of leases in place as of December 31, 2009, based on their respective non-cancellable terms, as of December 31, 2009.

 

(2) Includes leases that are on a month-to-month basis.

The global market and economic conditions have been unprecedented, challenging and unpredictable with significantly tighter credit and declining economic growth throughout the year of 2009. These conditions have resulted in significant declines in the liquidity and value of our real estate securities relative to our original investment. Currently, the market for CMBS and CRE-CDO securities similar to ours is generally illiquid and inactive. While we have the ability and intent to hold our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities until their respective maturity dates, the currently illiquid nature of these securities could inhibit our ability to potentially utilize these investments as a source of liquidity either through the sale of these securities or as collateral for a potential borrowing facility. Furthermore, we have experienced disruptions in current cash flow from our real estate securities, which have suspended interest and dividend payments generally as a result of the deterioration of the underlying fundamentals of our CDO investments or by credit rating agency downgrades of the underlying collateral. If market conditions persist or worsen, additional disruptions in current cash flow from our real estate securities may occur.

As of December 31, 2009, we had approximately $514.8 million of cash compared to $540.2 million as of December 31, 2008. The following discussion summarizes the sources and uses of our cash during the year ended December 31, 2009 that resulted in the net cash decrease of approximately $25.4 million.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $51.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, which represents an decrease of approximately $9.0 million compared to net cash provided by operating activities of approximately $60.3 million for the same period in 2008. This was primarily due to (i) an increase of acquisition-related expenses net of other gains of approximately $4.9 million resulting from the adoption of ASC Topic 805, (ii) decreased cash flow from interest income derived from cash accounts, (iii) decreased cash flow

 

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from our real estate securities due to the suspension of dividend and interest payments and (iv) increased interest expense due to new borrowings. This was partially offset by an increase in income as a result of our investment and financing activity subsequent to January 2007.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities increased approximately $117.8 million to approximately $245.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from approximately $127.3 million for the same period in 2008. The majority of cash used in investing activities was attributable to real property acquisitions and investments in debt related investments.

Real Property Acquisitions

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we acquired five real properties for a total gross investment amount of approximately $233.4 million. These properties were acquired using a combination of (i) net proceeds from our public and private offerings, (ii) the assumption and incurrence of debt financing and (iii) available cash. For additional detail regarding these acquisitions see our section above entitled “Significant Transactions During the Year Ended December 31, 2009.”

Debt Related Investments

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we originated two debt related investments with a total gross investment amount of approximately $68.8 million. For additional detail regarding these debt investments, see our above section entitled “Significant Transactions During the Year Ended December 31, 2009.”

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities decreased approximately $147.1 million to approximately $168.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from approximately $315.6 million for the same period in 2008. This decrease was primarily due to decreased proceeds raised from our public offerings, decreased mortgage note proceeds and decreased proceeds from our private placement offerings.

Public Offerings

Common shares issued pursuant to our public offerings declined by approximately 20.4 million shares to approximately 29.4 million shares for the year ended December 31, 2009 from 49.8 million shares for the same period in 2008. This decrease resulted in a decline in net proceeds of approximately $183.2 million to approximately $266.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from $450.1 million for the same period in 2008.

On August 3, 2009, we announced the termination of the primary portion of our public offering effective as of the close of business on September 30, 2009. We are continuing to offer shares of common stock through our DRIP Plan.

The Operating Partnership’s Private Placements

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we raised approximately $12.2 million from the sale of fractional interests in one property. Furthermore, during 2009, we exercised our option to acquire, at fair value, approximately $7.9 million of previously sold fractional interests in one property for a combination of (i) approximately 747,000 OP Units issued at a price of $10.00 per OP Unit, representing approximately $7.5 million of the aggregate purchase and (ii) approximately $412,000 in cash. The result of this 2009 activity was a net increase in our financing obligations of approximately $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Subsequent to December 31, 2009, we also terminated our dealer manager agreement in regard to our private placement offerings.

 

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During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we incurred rent obligations of approximately $5.8 million, $6.1 million and $4.4 million, respectively, under our lease agreements with the investors who have participated in our private placement offerings. The various lease agreements in place as of December 31, 2009 contained expiration dates ranging from June 2019 to January 2023. The following table sets forth the future minimum rental payments due to investors under the various lease agreements associated with our private placement offerings (amounts in thousands).

 

For years ended December 31,

   Future Minimum
Rental Payments

2010

   $ 8,100

2011

     8,254

2012

     8,415

2013

     8,581

2014

     8,691

Thereafter

     91,588
      

Total

   $ 133,629
      

Debt Financings

Mortgage Notes — Borrowing activity, net of principal repayments, increased by approximately $44.0 million to approximately $48.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from approximately $4.9 million for the same period in 2008. During the year ended December 31, 2009, we obtained or assumed approximately $113.7 million in new mortgage debt financing that was comprised of four mortgage notes secured by eight real properties. These notes are amortizing, bearing interest at a weighted average stated interest rate of approximately 6.1% and mature between July 2014 and April 2016.

The following table describes our mortgage notes related to our operating properties in more detail as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

     Weighted Average Stated
Interest Rate
    Outstanding Balance (1)    Gross Investment Amount of
Properties Securing
Mortgage Notes
     2009     2008     2009    2008    2009    2008

Fixed rate mortgages

   6.0   6.0   $ 764,967    $ 661,031    $ 1,322,177    $ 1,131,051

Floating rate mortgages (2)

   2.0   2.2     62,647      58,036      86,316      85,665
                                       

Total / weighted average

   5.7 %    5.7 %    $ 827,614    $ 719,067    $ 1,408,493    $ 1,216,716
                                       

 

(1) Amounts presented are net of unamortized discounts to the face value of our outstanding fixed-rate mortgages of $6.2 million and $221,000 as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

(2) As of both December 31, 2009 and 2008, floating-rate mortgage notes were subject to interest rates at spreads of 1.40% to 3.50% over one-month LIBOR.

 

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The following table sets forth contractual scheduled maturities of our mortgage notes and related details, including mortgage notes that may be subject to certain extension options, as of December 31, 2009 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

Year Ending

December 31,

   Number of
Mortgage Notes
Maturing (1)
   As of December 31, 2009
      Outstanding
Balance (2)
   Gross Investment Amount
of Properties Securing
Mortgage Notes Maturing

2010

   3    $ 62,647    $ 86,316

2011

   2      6,899      14,632

2012

   1      21,300      27,977

2013

   -      -      -

2014

   3      93,437      155,581

2015

   5      99,735      197,150

2016

   11      192,216      368,782

2017

   8      303,649      471,168

2018

   -      -      -

2019

   -      -      -

Thereafter

   4      47,731      86,887
                  

Total

   37    $ 827,614    $ 1,408,493

 

(1) Mortgage notes presented exclude other secured borrowings, which include one note with an outstanding principal balance as of December 31, 2009 of approximately $8.0 million, which we repaid in full subsequent to December 31, 2009, and approximately $5.4 million related to our securities margin account, which does not have a stated maturity date.

 

(2) All of the outstanding principal balances of mortgage notes maturing in 2010 are subject to extensions options, of which one note with an outstanding balance of approximately $46.5 million has extension options beyond December 31, 2011. As a result, approximately $16.1 million of our mortgage notes have maturity dates that cannot be extended beyond December 31, 2011. Mortgage notes that are subject to extension options are also subject to certain lender covenants and restrictions that we must meet to extend this maturity date. We currently cannot assert with any degree of certainty that we will qualify for these extensions upon the initial maturity date of this mortgage note.

Distributions

To obtain the favorable tax treatment accorded to REITs, we normally will be required each year to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our real estate investment trust taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for distributions paid and by excluding net capital gains. The payment of distributions is determined by our board of directors and may be adjusted at its discretion at any time. Distribution levels are set by our board of directors at a level it believes to be appropriate and sustainable based upon a review of a variety of factors including, but not limited to, REIT requirements, the evaluation of existing assets within our portfolio, anticipated acquisitions, projected levels of additional capital to be raised, debt to be incurred in the future and the anticipated results of operations.

Distributions declared payable to common stockholders increased approximately $20.4 million to approximately $104.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from approximately $84.0 million for the same period in 2008. Such distributions were paid following the respective quarters for which they were declared and approximately $50.3 million and $36.0 million, respectively, were paid in cash and approximately $54.1 million and $48.0 million, respectively, were reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to our DRIP Plan.

For the year ended December 31, 2009, we reported $51.2 million of cash provided by our operating activities. In accordance with ASC Topic 805, which became effective for the year ended December 31, 2009, this amount was reduced by approximately $4.9 million of acquisition-related expenses, net of other gains which were funded from the net proceeds received from our public offerings. As a result, the distributions declared payable to common stockholders for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, as described above, were funded with approximately $56.1 million (excluding the impact of ASC Topic 805 as described above) and $60.3

 

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million, respectively, from our operating activities, and the remaining amounts of approximately $48.3 million and $23.7 million, respectively, were funded from our borrowings. Our long-term strategy is to fund the payment of quarterly distributions to investors entirely from our operations. There can be no assurance that we will achieve this strategy.

Redemptions

During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we redeemed approximately 5.6 million and approximately 6.0 million shares of common stock, respectively, pursuant to our Program. As a result, proceeds redeemed decreased approximately $3.1 million to $52.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 from $55.6 million for the same period in 2008. While our Program is not limited to only one source of funding, we anticipate, at least over the near term, that our Program will be funded primarily with proceeds raised from our DRIP Plan. See “Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities - Share Redemption Program” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of our share redemption plan. In addition to the above-mentioned redemptions, we also redeemed approximately 245,000 OP Units from our OP Unit holders for approximately $2.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. We did not redeem any OP Units from our OP Unit holders prior to 2009.

Settlement of Cash Flow Derivatives

During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we paid approximately $21.2 million and $24.0 million, respectively, to settle certain cash flow derivative instruments. As of December 31, 2009, there were two derivative contracts outstanding with a fair value of approximately $28,000, neither of which require a one-time settlement similar to our previous forward starting swaps.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2009, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements that had or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or capital resources. There are no lines of credit, side agreements, or any other derivative financial instruments related to or between our unconsolidated joint venture and us, and we believe we have no material exposure to financial guarantees.

Contractual Obligations

The following table reflects our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2009, specifically our obligations under mortgage note agreements and operating lease agreements (amounts in thousands).

     Contractual Obligations

Year

   Mortgage
Notes (1)
   Operating
Leases (2)
   Total

2010

   $ 121,232    $ 8,100    $ 129,332

2011

     54,478      8,254      62,732

2012

     71,438      8,415      79,853

2013

     49,962      8,581      58,543

2014

     141,562      8,691      150,253

Thereafter

     718,883      91,588      810,471
                    

Total

   $ 1,157,555    $ 133,629    $ 1,291,184
                    

 

(1) Includes principal and interest payments due for our mortgage notes. Amounts do not include principal and interest payments due for our other secured borrowing obligations.

 

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(2) As of December 31, 2009, we had operating master lease obligations relating to six properties, all of which were in connection with our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings of fractional interests. These amounts represent rental payments due under the respective master lease schedules.

We have contractual obligations to related parties for asset management services. Fees for these services are based upon assets owned and revenues received during future periods, and as a result, future amounts cannot be determined at this time.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

Fair Value Estimates of Investments in Real Estate Securities

As of December 31, 2009, our real estate securities were valued in two categories, comprised of (i) preferred equity securities and (ii) CMBS and CRE-CDOs. Our valuation procedures for each of the two categories are applied to each specific investment within their respective categories.

Preferred Equity Securities

The valuation of our investments in preferred equity securities is determined using exchange listed prices in an active market. As such, preferred equity securities fall within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy, see Note 9 in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our investments in preferred equity securities had a fair value of $63.9 million and $31.6 million, which represented approximately 3.6% and 2.1% of total net investments as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

We estimate the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities using a combination of observable market information and unobservable market assumptions. Observable market information used in these fair market valuations include benchmark interest rates, interest rate curves, credit market indexes and swap curves. Unobservable market assumptions used in the determination of the fair market valuations of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments include market assumptions related to discount rates, default rates, prepayment rates, reviews of trustee or investor reports and non-binding broker quotes and pricing services in what is currently an inactive market. Additionally, we consider security-specific characteristics in determining the fair values of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments, which include consideration of credit enhancements of the underlying collateral’s average default rates, the average delinquency rate and loan-to-value, and several other characteristics. As a result, both Level 2 and Level 3 inputs are used in arriving at the valuation of our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDOs. We consider the Level 3 inputs used in determining the fair value of our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities to be significant. As such, all investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities fall under the Level 3 category of the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2009. No investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities were transferred in or out of the Level 3 category of the fair value hierarchy during the year ended December 31, 2009.

Our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments had a fair value of $8.8 million and $20.8 million, which represented approximately 0.5% and 1.3% of our total net investments as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. For the year ending December 31, 2009, we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $13.1 million related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. For additional detail regarding this other-than-temporary impairment charge, see Note 4 to our financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Fair Value Estimates of Derivative Instruments

We have used forward starting swaps, zero cost collars and interest rate caps to manage our interest rate risk. The fair values of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including

 

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interest rate curves and implied volatilities. The valuation methodologies are segregated into two categories of derivatives: (i) forward starting swaps and (ii) zero cost collars/interest rate caps.

Forward Starting Swaps — Forward starting swaps are considered and measured at fair value as interest rate swaps. The fair values of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (i.e. forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves.

Zero Cost Collars/Interest Rate Caps (Interest Rate Options) — Zero cost collars and interest rate caps are considered and measured at fair value as interest rate options. The fair values of interest rate options are determined using the market standard methodology of discounting the future expected cash receipts that would occur if variable interest rates fell below or rose above the strike rate of the caps or outside of the applicable collar rates. The variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts on the cap or collar rates are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves and volatilities.

We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts and guarantees.

Our derivative instrument liability had a fair value of approximately $28,000 and $27.2 million, which represented approximately 0.0% and 2.8% of total liabilities as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2009, we recorded a net loss on derivatives of approximately $8.0 million.

Subsequent Events

Beginning in the second quarter 2009, GAAP requires an entity to disclose events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (“subsequent events”) as well as the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events. There are two types of subsequent events. The first type consists of events or transactions that provide additional evidence about conditions that existed at the date of the balance sheet, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing financial statements, (“recognized subsequent events”). The second type consists of events that provide evidence about conditions that did not exist at the date of the balance sheet but arose subsequent to that date (“nonrecognized subsequent events”).

We have evaluated subsequent events for the period from December 31, 2009, the date of these financial statements, through the date these financial statements are being issued. No significant recognized or nonrecognized subsequent events were noted.

Inflation

Substantially all of our leases provide for separate real estate tax and operating expense escalations over a base amount. In addition, many of our leases provide for fixed base rent increases or indexed rent increases. We believe that inflationary increases in costs may be at least partially offset by the contractual rent increases and operating expense escalations in our leases. To date, we believe that inflation has not had a material impact to our operations or overall liquidity.

Critical Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

Due to our control of the Operating Partnership through our sole general partnership interest and the limited rights of the limited partners, we consolidate the Operating Partnership and limited partner interests not held by us are reflected as noncontrolling interests in the accompanying financial statements. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

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Our financial statements also include the accounts of our consolidated subsidiaries and joint ventures through which we are the primary beneficiary or through which we have a controlling interest. In determining whether we have a controlling interest in a joint venture and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, we consider factors such as ownership interest, board representation, management representation, authority to make decisions, and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners/members as well as whether the entity is a variable interest entity in which it will absorb the majority of the entity’s expected losses, if they occur, or receive the majority of the expected residual returns, if they occur, or both.

Judgments made by us with respect to our level of influence or control of an entity and whether we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity involve consideration of various factors including the form of our ownership interest, the size of our investment (including loans) and our ability to participate in major policy making decisions. Our ability to correctly assess our influence or control over an entity affects the presentation of these investments in our financial statements and, consequently, our financial position and specific items in our results of operations that are used by our stockholders, lenders and others in their evaluation of us. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we consolidated approximately $845.4 million and $843.7 million, respectively, in real property investments, before accumulated depreciation and amortization, and approximately $518.5 million and $503.6 million, respectively, in mortgage note borrowings associated with our consolidated variable interest entities.

Generally, we consolidate real estate partnerships and other entities that are not variable interest entities when we own, directly or indirectly, a majority voting interest in the entity.

Investments

Real Property

Pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC Topic 805”), costs associated with the acquisition of real property, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor, are now expensed as incurred as of January 1, 2009. Prior to January 1, 2009, pursuant to previous guidance under ASC Topic 805, we capitalized costs associated with the acquisition of real property, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor, and amortized those costs over the related life of the acquired assets. In addition, we now estimate the fair value of contingent consideration we receive related to acquisitions of real property in determining the total cost of the property acquired. Subsequent changes in the fair value of such contingent consideration are recorded either as gain or loss in our statement of operations. Prior to January 1, 2009, changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration were not recorded in our statements of operations.

Costs associated with the development and improvement of our real property assets are capitalized as incurred. Costs incurred in making repairs and maintaining real estate assets are expensed as incurred. The results of operations for acquired real property are included in our accompanying statements of operations from their respective acquisition dates.

Upon acquisition, the total cost of a property is allocated to land, building, building and land improvements, tenant improvements and intangible lease assets and liabilities. The allocation of the total cost to land, building, building improvements and tenant improvements is based on our estimate of the property’s as-if vacant fair value. The as-if vacant fair value is calculated by using all available information such as the replacement cost of such asset, appraisals, property condition reports, market data and other related information. The difference between the fair value and the face value of debt assumed in an acquisition is recorded as a premium or discount and amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt assumed. The allocation of the total cost of a property to an intangible lease asset includes the value associated with the in-place leases, which may include lost rent, leasing commissions, legal and other costs.

We record acquired “above-market” and “below-market” leases at their fair value equal to the difference between the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and our estimate of fair market lease rates for each corresponding in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for

 

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above-market leases and the remaining term of the lease plus the term of any below-market fixed-rate renewal option periods for below-market leases. In addition, we allocate a portion of the purchase price of an acquired property to the estimated value of customer relationships, if any.

Intangible in-place lease assets are amortized over the corresponding lease term. Above-market lease assets are amortized as a reduction in rental revenue over the corresponding lease term. Below-market lease liabilities are amortized as an increase in rental revenue over the corresponding lease term, plus any applicable fixed-rate renewal option periods. We expense any unamortized intangible lease asset or record an adjustment to rental revenue for any unamortized above-market lease asset or below-market lease liability when a tenant terminates a lease before the stated lease expiration date.

Real property assets, including land, building, building and land improvements, tenant improvements, lease commissions, and intangible lease assets and liabilities are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives as described in the following table.

 

Description

  

Depreciable Life

Land

   Not depreciated

Building

   40 years

Building and land improvements

   20 years

Tenant improvements

   Lesser of useful life or lease term

Lease commissions

   Over lease term

Intangible in-place lease assets

   Over lease term

Above-market lease assets

   Over lease term

Below-market lease liabilities

  

Over lease term, including below-market

fixed-rate renewal options

Real Estate Securities

We classify our investments in real estate securities as either trading investments, available-for-sale investments or held-to-maturity investments. Although we generally intend to hold most of our investments in real estate securities for the long term or until maturity, we may from time to time sell any of these assets as part of the overall management of our portfolio. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, all of our real estate securities were classified as available-for-sale. All assets classified as available-for-sale are reported based on our best estimate of fair value. Our estimate of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities requires significant judgment and uses a combination of (i) observable market information, (ii) unobservable market assumptions and (iii) security-specific characteristics in determining the fair values of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. See Note 9 to our financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details regarding our determination of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. Temporary unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component within stockholders’ equity referred to as other comprehensive income (loss).

Debt Related Investments

Debt related investments are considered to be held-to-maturity, as we have both the intent and ability to hold these investments until maturity. Accordingly, these assets are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan origination costs and fees, discounts, repayments and unfunded commitments unless such loans or investments are deemed to be impaired.

 

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Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition — Real Property

We record rental revenue for the full term of each lease on a straight-line basis. Certain properties have leases that offer the tenant a period of time where no rent is due or where rent payments increase during the term of the lease. Accordingly, we record a receivable from tenants for rent that we expect to collect over the remaining lease term rather than currently, which is recorded as straight-line rents receivable. When we acquire a property, the term of existing leases is considered to commence as of the acquisition date for purposes of this calculation.

Tenant recovery income includes payments from tenants for real estate taxes, insurance and other property operating expenses and is recognized as rental revenue.

Revenue Recognition — Real Estate Securities

When we are able to reliably estimate cash flows, we record interest income on CMBS and CRE-CDO investments using the effective interest method in accordance with ASC Topic 320, Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC Topic 320”). At the time of purchase, we estimate the future expected cash flows and determine the amount of accretable yield based on these estimated cash flows and the purchase price. As appropriate, we update these estimated cash flows to compute a revised yield based on the current amortized cost of the investment. In estimating these cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies, including the rate and timing of principal payments (including prepayments, repurchases, defaults and liquidations), the pass-through or coupon rate, interest rate fluctuations, interest payment shortfalls and the timing and the magnitude of credit losses on the mortgage loans underlying the securities. These uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact management’s estimates and our securities income.

As discussed below in more detail, if we determine there has been an other-than-temporary impairment of our CMBS and/or CRE-CDOs, we determine an amount of accretable yield based on our estimated cash flows that we subsequently amortize to income over the expected life of the investment using the effective interest method. See Note 4 to our financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional discussion of impairment of real estate securities.

Dividend income on preferred securities is recognized on the date the dividend is earned (referred to commonly as the “ex-dividend date”). Upon settlement of securities, the excess (or deficiency) of net proceeds over the net carrying value of such security or loan is recognized as a gain (or loss) in the period of settlement. All of our preferred securities investments are cumulative preferred securities. In the event that an issuer of one of our investments in preferred securities suspends the payment of the dividend, we do not recognize dividend income until payments are resumed and the related ex-dividend date is declared. In the event that payments are resumed for what was a previously suspended payment, we would anticipate repayments that would compensate us for payments that the issuer previously suspended due to the cumulative nature of our preferred securities investments.

We consider whether we can reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive from our securities. As of December 31, 2009, we determined that we can estimate cash flows related to one of our CRE-CDO investments. Furthermore, we determined that we cannot estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive related to our remaining CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. Therefore, we account for such securities under the cost recovery method of accounting with respect to these CMBS and CRE-CDO securities where we cannot reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows. The application of the cost recovery method of accounting will require that we cease to recognize interest income related to these securities until the amortized cost of each respective security is depleted or until we can reliably estimate the amount of cash flows. After such point, cash payments will be recorded to interest income, which will result in diminished securities income in future periods in the near term.

 

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Revenue Recognition — Debt Related Investments

Interest income on debt related investments is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method and recognized on an accrual basis. Fees received in connection with loan commitments are deferred until the loan is funded and are then recognized over the term of the loan. Anticipated exit fees, where collection is expected, are also recognized over the term of the debt related investment.

Impairment

Impairment — Real Property

We review our investments in real property individually on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when such an evaluation is warranted, to determine their appropriate classification, as well as whether there are indicators of impairment. The investments in real property are either classified as held for sale or held and used.

As of December 31, 2009, all of our properties are classified as held and used. These held and used assets are reviewed for indicators of impairment, which may include, among others, each tenant’s inability to make rent payments, operating losses or negative operating trends at the property level, notification by a tenant that it will not renew its lease, a decision to dispose of a property, including a change in estimated holding periods, or adverse changes in the fair value of any of our properties. If indicators of impairment exist on a held and used asset, we compare the future estimated undiscounted cash flows from the expected use of the property to its net book value to determine if impairment exists. If the sum of the future estimated undiscounted cash flows is greater than the current net book value, we conclude no impairment exists. If the sum of the future estimated undiscounted cash flows is less than its current net book value, we recognize an impairment loss for the difference between the net book value of the property and its estimated fair value. If a property is classified as held for sale, we recognize an impairment loss if the current net book value of the property exceeds its fair value less selling costs. If our assumptions, projections or estimates regarding a property change in the future, we may have to record an impairment charge to reduce or further reduce the net book value of the property.

Impairment — Real Estate Securities

We evaluate our real estate securities for other-than-temporary impairment on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. When our estimate of fair value of a real estate security is less than its amortized cost, we consider whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment in the value of the security. The evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment differs between our investments in (i) preferred equity securities and (ii) CMBS and CRE-CDO securities, as described further below.

Preferred Equity Securities Impairment

On October 14, 2008, the staff in the Office of the Chief Accountant of the Commission noted in a letter (the “SEC Letter”) to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), that after consulting with the FASB, the staff would not object to the application of an impairment model for perpetual preferred securities similar to debt securities since ASC Topic 320, Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC Topic 320”) does not specifically address the impact of the debt-like characteristics on the assessment of other-than-temporary impairment. The assessment of other-than-temporary impairment differs significantly between equity securities and debt securities. For equity securities, other-than-temporary impairment is recognized unless it is expected that the value of the security will recover in the near term and the investor has the intent and ability to hold the securities until recovery. However, for debt securities, impairment is considered other-than-temporary only if the investor does not have the ability and intent to hold the security until recovery or it has been determined that there has been an adverse change, either in timing or amount, of the cash flows underlying the investment. Such an evaluation should be based on our ability and intent to hold the security to recovery and the underlying credit of the issuers. We adopted this impairment model for our investments in perpetual preferred securities during the year ended December 31, 2009. The SEC Letter noted that the views of the staff were an intermediate step in the process of addressing the impairment of perpetual preferred securities and asked the FASB to expeditiously

 

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address the issue. As of December 31, 2009, all of our preferred securities investments were perpetual preferred securities. In applying the impairment model for perpetual preferred securities, we apply a debt security impairment model for our preferred equity securities investments that are of investment grade quality credit. Preferred equity securities that are below investment grade quality are analyzed for other-than-temporary impairment under an equity security model. If, in our judgment, an other-than-temporary impairment exists, the cost basis of the security is written down to its fair value as of the respective balance sheet date, and the respective unrealized loss is reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and recorded as a reduction to earnings.

We reviewed our preferred equity securities investments for indicators of other-than-temporary impairment. This review included analysis of (i) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been lower than carrying value, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including consideration of any credit deterioration and (iii) our intent and ability to hold our investment for a reasonable period of time sufficient to allow for a forecasted recovery of fair value.

CMBS and CRE-CDO Securities Impairment

On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued ASC Topic 320-10-65, Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC Topic 320-10-65”), which applies to the determination of other-than-temporary impairment for debt securities such as our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. ASC Topic 320-10-65 states that an other-than-temporary impairment write-down of debt securities, where fair value is below amortized cost, is triggered in circumstances where (i) an entity has the intent to sell a security, (ii) it is more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, or (iii) the entity does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. If an entity intends to sell a security or if it is more likely than not the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery, an other-than-temporary impairment write-down is recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and its fair value. If an entity does not intend to sell the security or it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery, the other-than-temporary impairment write-down is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized in earnings, and the amount related to all other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income. Under previous accounting guidance in effect prior to April 1, 2009, we were required to have the intent and ability to hold an impaired security to recovery in order to conclude an impairment was temporary. In addition, we recognized the entire amount of difference between the amortized cost of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities and their respective fair values in earnings. We adopted the provisions of this ASC Topic 320-10-65 as of April 1, 2009.

In our determination of whether we will recover the entire amortized cost basis of our debt securities, we determine if it is probable that there has been an adverse change in the estimated timing and/or amount of cash flows from our securities based on all relevant, available information, including information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In addition, ASC Topic 325-40 requires us to consider whether we can reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive from our securities.

For those securities for which we cannot reliably estimate cash flows and for which the estimate of fair value is less than amortized cost, we recognized the entire amount of such difference as a charge to other-than- temporary impairment in our statements of operations. In addition, the application of the cost recovery method of accounting will require that we cease to recognize interest income related to these securities until the amortized cost of each respective security is depleted or until we can reliably estimate cash flows. After such point, cash payments will be recorded to interest income. This will result in diminished securities income in future periods in the near term.

Impairment — Debt Related Investments

We review our debt related investments on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when such an evaluation is warranted, to determine if impairment exists. A debt related investment is impaired when, based on current

 

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information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due, both principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the agreement. When a loan is deemed impaired, the impairment is measured based on the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. As a practical expedient, the FASB issued ASC Topic 310, Receivables (“ASC Topic 310”) permits a creditor to measure impairment based on the fair value of the collateral of an impaired collateral-dependent loan or to measure impairment based on an observable market price for the impaired loan as an alternative to discounting expected future cash flows. Regardless of the measurement method, a creditor should measure impairment based on the fair value of the collateral when the creditor determines that foreclosure is probable.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC Topic 815”) establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities. We record all derivative instruments in the accompanying balance sheets at fair value. Accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on the intended use of the derivative instrument and the designation of the derivative instrument. Derivative instruments used to hedge exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitments attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered “fair value” hedges. Derivative instruments used to hedge exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, such as future interest payments, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered “cash flow” hedges. We do not have any fair value hedges.

For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, the changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument that represents changes in expected future cash flows that are effectively hedged by the derivative instrument are initially reported as other comprehensive income (loss) in the statement of equity until the derivative instrument is settled. Upon settlement, the effective portion of the hedge is recognized as other comprehensive income (loss) and amortized over the term of the designated cash flow or transaction the derivative instrument was intended to hedge. The change in value of any derivative instrument that is deemed to be ineffective is charged directly to earnings when the determination of ineffectiveness is made. We assess the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in fair value or cash flows of the derivative instrument with the changes in fair value or cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction. For purposes of determining hedge ineffectiveness, management estimates the timing and potential amount of future fixed-rate debt issuances each quarter in order to estimate the cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction. Management considers the likelihood of the timing and amount of entering into such forecasted transactions when determining the expected future fixed-rate debt issuances. We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Additionally, we have an interest rate collar that is not designated as a hedge pursuant to the requirements of ASC Topic 815. This derivative is not speculative and is used to manage exposure to interest rate volatility. We classify cash paid to settle our forward starting swaps as financing activities in our statements of cash flows.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that will be effective on January 1, 2010. This accounting standard is a revision to a previous FASB interpretation and changes how a reporting entity evaluates whether an entity is a variable interest entity and which entity is considered the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and is therefore required to consolidate such variable interest entity. This accounting standard will also require assessments at each reporting period of which party within the variable interest entity is considered the primary beneficiary and will require a number of new disclosures related to variable interest entities. We are still evaluating this accounting standard and the potential impact that it may have on our financial position and results of operations upon adoption.

 

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the adverse effect on the value of assets and liabilities that results from a change in the applicable market resulting from a variety of factors such as perceived risk, interest rate changes, inflation and overall general economic changes. Accordingly, we manage our market risk by matching projected cash inflows from operating, investing and financing activities with projected cash outflows for debt service, acquisitions, capital expenditures, distributions to stockholders and unit holders, and other cash requirements. Our investments in real estate securities and debt related investments are our financial instruments that are most significantly and directly impacted by changes in their respective market conditions. In addition, our outstanding borrowings are also directly impacted by changes in market conditions. This impact is largely mitigated by the fact that the majority of our outstanding borrowings have fixed interest rates, which minimize our exposure to the risk that fluctuating interest rates may pose to our operating results and liquidity.

As of December 31, 2009, we had approximately $142.9 million in floating rate securities and debt related investments indexed to LIBOR rates. If such LIBOR rates were to increase by 10%, and these investments continued to perform, we would realize an increase in income of approximately a $33,000 associated with these investments. Conversely, as of December 31, 2009, we had approximately $76.0 million of variable rate borrowings outstanding indexed to LIBOR rates and the federal funds overnight rate. If the prevailing market interest rates relevant to our remaining variable rate borrowings were to increase 10%, we estimate that our annual interest expense would increase by approximately $17,000, based on our outstanding floating-rate debt as of December 31, 2009.

We may seek to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows and to lower our overall borrowing costs by selectively utilizing derivative instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates on loans secured by our assets. We maintain risk management control systems to monitor interest rate cash flow risk attributable to both our outstanding and forecasted debt obligations as well as our potential offsetting hedge positions. While this hedging strategy is designed to minimize the impact on our net income (loss) and funds from operations from changes in interest rates, the overall returns on our investments may be reduced. Our board of directors has established policies and procedures regarding our use of derivative instruments for hedging or other purposes.

In addition to the above described risks, we are subject to additional credit risk. Credit risk refers to the ability of each individual borrower under our debt related investments or issuer of our real estate securities to make required interest and principal payments on the scheduled due dates. We seek to reduce credit risk by actively monitoring our debt related investments and real estate securities portfolio and the underlying credit quality of our holdings. In the event of a significant rising interest rate environment and/or economic downturn, loan and collateral defaults may continue to increase and result in further credit losses that would continue to, or more severely, adversely affect our liquidity and operating results. As described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, adverse market and credit conditions have resulted in our recording of other-than-temporary impairment in certain securities and a provision for loan loss related to our debt related investments.

 

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The report of the independent registered public accounting firm and the financial statements listed in the accompanying index are included in “Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See Index to Financial Statements on page F-1.

 

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

 

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ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of December 31, 2009, the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, under the supervision and with the participation of our President (principal executive officer) and our Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer). Based upon this evaluation, our President and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2009, to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed or submitted by us under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to management, including our President and our Chief Financial Officer as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f).

Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision and with the participation of our President and our Chief Financial Officer. During 2009, management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, based upon criteria established in the “Internal Control — Integrated Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. This evaluation included a review of the documentation of controls, evaluation of the design effectiveness of controls, testing of the operating effectiveness of controls and a conclusion on this evaluation. Based upon this evaluation, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as of December 31, 2009.

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 has been audited by KPMG LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm and their report is included in “Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Limitation of the Effectiveness of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Internal control over financial reporting is a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those processes determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the year ended December 31, 2009, in connection with our evaluation of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we concluded there were no changes in our internal control procedures that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

 

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PART III

 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information regarding our directors is incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Board of Directors” in our definitive Proxy Statement to be filed in connection with the 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which we expect to hold in June 2010 (the “Proxy Statement”). The Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2009.

The information regarding our executive officers is incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Executive Officers” in our Proxy Statement.

The information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in our Proxy Statement.

The information regarding the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is incorporated herein by reference from the sections entitled “Statement on Corporate Governance” in our Proxy Statement.

The information regarding the Company’s procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the Company’s Board of Directors is incorporated herein by reference from the sections entitled “Advance Notice for Stockholder Nominations and Proposals for 2011 Annual Meeting” in our Proxy Statement.

The information regarding the members of the Audit Committee and the determination of an audit committee financial expert is incorporated herein by reference from the sections entitled “Board and Committee Meetings” in our Proxy Statement.

 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information required for this item is incorporated herein by reference from the sections entitled “Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers” in our Proxy Statement.

 

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and securities authorized from issuance under equity compensation plan are incorporated herein by reference from the sections entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in our Proxy Statement.

 

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information regarding certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” in our Proxy Statement.

 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Information regarding principal accountant fees and services is incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” in our Proxy Statement.

 

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PART IV

 

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 

(a) Financial Statements and Schedules.

Reference is made to the “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the consolidated financial statements included therein, beginning on page F-2.

All other financial statement schedules are not required under the related instructions, or they have been omitted either because they are not significant or the required information has been disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and the notes related thereto.

 

(b) Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

 

  3.1    Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. Fifth Articles of Amendment and Restatement.†
  3.2    Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. Second Amended and Restated Bylaws. †
  4.2    Second Amended and Restated Distribution Reinvestment Plan. †
10.1    Fifth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement among Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc., Dividend Capital Total Realty Operating Partnership L.P. and Dividend Capital Total Advisors LLC. †
10.2    Property Management Agreement between Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Dividend Capital Property Management LLC.†
10.3    Form of Indemnification Agreement between Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and the officers and directors of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.†
10.4    Third Amended and Restated Operating Partnership Agreement of Dividend Capital Total Realty Operating Partnership LP.†
10.5    Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. Equity Incentive Plan.†
10.6    Form of Director Option Agreement.†
10.7    First Amendment to Partnership Agreement between TRT Industrial Fund I LLC and DCT Industrial Fund II LLC.†
10.8    Partnership Agreement between TRT Industrial Fund II LLC and DCT Industrial Fund III LLC.†
10.9    Partnership Agreement of TRT DDR Venture I General Partnership between DDR TRT GP LLC and TRT-DDR Joint Venture I Owner LLC.†
10.10    Promissory note secured by a deed of trust between a joint venture between an affiliate of Developers Diversified Realty Corporation and Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and Wachovia Bank, National Association (DDR Portfolio).†
10.11    Form of Management Agreement between various affiliates of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and KeyPoint Partners LLC, as property manager (New England Retail Portfolio).†
10.12    TRT-DCT Joint Venture III Agreement.†
31.1    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer*
31.2    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer*
32.1    Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer*
32.2    Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer*

 

Previously filed.

 

* Filed herewith.

 

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INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets

   F-4

Consolidated Statements of Operations

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Equity

   F-6

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

   F-8

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-9

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-49

Schedule III — Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation

   F-50

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (the Company) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for acquisition related costs effective January 1, 2009 to expense such costs as a result of the adoption of FASB ASC 805-10-25, Business Combinations.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated March 22, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Denver, Colorado

March 22, 2010

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.:

We have audited Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009, and our report dated March 22, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Denver, Colorado

March 22, 2010

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share information)

 

     As of December 31,  
     2009     2008  

ASSETS

    

Investments in real property:

    

Land

   $ 397,939      $ 336,104   

Building and improvements

     1,059,930        941,375   

Intangible lease assets

     227,703        171,630   

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (146,164     (87,808
                

Total net investments in real property

     1,539,408        1,361,301   

Investment in unconsolidated joint venture

     17,386        17,532   

Investments in real estate securities

     72,686        52,368   

Debt related investments, net

     140,512        88,849   
                

Total net investments

     1,769,992        1,520,050   

Cash and cash equivalents

     514,786        540,213   

Restricted cash

     39,677        18,152   

Subscriptions receivable

     -        13,004   

Other assets, net

     38,536        32,159   
                

Total Assets

   $ 2,362,991      $ 2,123,578   
                

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

    

Liabilities:

    

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   $ 13,545      $ 10,562   

Dividends payable

     28,723        24,716   

Redemptions payable

     15,355        -   

Mortgage notes

     827,614        719,067   

Other secured borrowings

     13,352        15,861   

Financing obligations

     109,153        105,068   

Intangible lease liabilities, net

     54,979        53,969   

Derivative instruments

     28        27,213   

Other liabilities

     27,656        7,256   
                

Total Liabilities

     1,090,405        963,712   

Equity:

    

Stockholders’ Equity:

    

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding

     -        -   

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 182,838,676 and 159,029,225 shares issued and outstanding, as of December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively

     1,828        1,590   

Additional paid-in capital

     1,646,185        1,431,989   

Distributions in excess of earnings

     (449,849     (304,661

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     2,851        (43,849
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     1,201,015        1,085,069   

Noncontrolling interests

     71,571        74,797   
                

Total Equity

     1,272,586        1,159,866   
                

Total Liabilities and Equity

   $ 2,362,991      $ 2,123,578   
                

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share information)

 

     For the Years Ended December 31,  
     2009     2008     2007  

REVENUE:

      

Rental revenue

   $ 141,637      $ 114,747      $ 70,424   

Securities income

     8,074        17,567        15,691   

Debt related income

     10,012        9,376        8,951   
                        

Total Revenue

     159,723        141,690        95,066   

EXPENSES:

      

Rental expense

     37,003        29,621        18,790   

Depreciation and amortization expense

     57,834        52,313        31,358   

General and administrative expenses

     5,079        4,232        3,784   

Asset management fees, related party

     12,939        11,599        8,707   

Acquisition-related expenses net of other gains

     4,936        -        -   
                        

Total Operating Expenses

     117,791        97,765        62,639   

Operating Income

     41,932        43,925        32,427   

Other Income (Expenses):

      

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint venture

     2,210        586        -   

Interest and other income

     2,895        11,996        11,927   

Interest expense

     (55,640     (45,151     (33,600

Loss on derivatives

     (7,998     (11,673     (557

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     -        9,309        -   

Provision for loss on debt related investments

     (17,339     -        -   

Other-than-temporary impairment on securities:

      

Other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (14,629     (192,724     -   

Noncredit-related losses on securities not expected to be sold

     1,488        -        -   
                        

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (13,141     (192,724     -   
                        

Net income (loss)

     (47,081     (183,732     10,197   

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

     2,296        7,346        868   
                        

NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

   $ (44,785   $ (176,386   $ 11,065   
                        

NET INCOME (LOSS) PER BASIC AND DILUTED COMMON SHARE

   $ (0.26   $ (1.26   $ 0.13   
                        

WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING

      

Basic

     174,006        140,106        85,473   
                        

Diluted

     181,109        144,533        85,493   
                        

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(In thousands)

 

    Stockholders’ Equity     Noncontrolling
Interests
    Comprehensive
Income

(Loss)
    Total
Equity
 
    Common Stock     Additional
Paid-in
Capital
    Distributions
in Excess of
Earnings
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income

(Loss)
       
    Shares     Amount              

Balances, December 31, 2006

  32,305      $ 323      $ 286,391      $ (4,142   $ 970      $ 10,252      $ -      $ 293,794   

Comprehensive income (loss):

               

Net income

  -        -        -        11,065        -        (868     10,197        10,197   

Net unrealized change from available-for-sale securities

  -        -        -        -        (67,116     (16     (67,132     (67,132

Cash flow hedging derivatives

  -        -        -        -        (27,662     (6     (27,668     (27,668
                           

Comprehensive loss

                (84,603     (84,603

Common stock:

               

Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs

  83,199        831        753,394        -        -        -          754,225   

Redemptions of common stock

  (208     (2     (1,893     -        -        -          (1,895

Amortization of stock-based compensation

  -        -        10        -        -        -          10   

Distributions on common stock

  -        -        -        (51,175     -        -          (51,175

Noncontrolling interests:

               

Contributions of noncontrolling interests

  -        -        -        -        -        10,594          10,594   

Distributions to noncontrolling interests

  -        -        -        -        -        (1,135       (1,135
                                                       

Balances, December 31, 2007

  115,296      $ 1,152      $ 1,037,902      $ (44,252   $ (93,808   $ 18,821        $ 919,815   
                                                       

Comprehensive income (loss):

               

Net loss

  -        -        -        (176,386     -        (7,346     (183,732     (183,732

Net unrealized change from available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification of $192,724 of other-than-temporary impairment included in net loss

  -        -        -        -        61,408        2,003        63,411        63,411   

Cash flow hedging derivatives

  -        -        -        -        (11,449     (373     (11,822     (11,822
                           

Comprehensive loss

                (132,143     (132,143

Common stock:

               

Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs

  49,751        498        449,612        -        -        -          450,110   

Redemptions of common stock

  (6,018     (60     (55,537     -        -        -          (55,597

Amortization of stock-based compensation

  -        -        12        -        -        -          12   

Distributions on common stock

  -        -        -        (84,023     -        -          (84,023

Noncontrolling interests:

               

Contributions of noncontrolling interests

  -        -        -        -        -        72,336          72,336   

Distributions to noncontrolling interests

  -        -        -        -        -        (10,644       (10,644
                                                       

Balances, December 31, 2008

  159,029      $ 1,590      $ 1,431,989      $ (304,661   $ (43,849   $ 74,797        $ 1,159,866   
                                                       

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY—(Continued)

(In thousands)

 

    Stockholders’ Equity     Noncontrolling
Interests
    Comprehensive
Income

(Loss)
    Total
Equity
 
    Common Stock     Additional
Paid-in
Capital
    Distributions
in Excess of
Earnings
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income

(Loss)
       
    Shares     Amount              

Comprehensive income (loss):

               

Net loss

  -        -        -        (44,785     -        (2,296   (47,081     (47,081

Cumulative effect of adoption of accounting principal

  -        -        -        3,963        (3,963     -      -        -   

Net unrealized change from available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification of $13,141 of other-than-temporary impairment included in net loss

  -        -        -        -        34,936        1,217      36,153        36,153   

Cash flow hedging derivatives

  -        -        -        -        15,727        653      16,380        16,380   
                         

Comprehensive income

              5,452        5,452   

Common stock:

               

Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs

  29,385        294        266,595        -        -        -          266,889   

Redemptions of common stock

  (5,575     (56     (52,432     -        -        -          (52,488

Amortization of stock-based compensation

  -        -        33        -        -        -          33   

Distributions on common stock

  -        -        -        (104,366     -        -          (104,366

Noncontrolling interests:

               

Contributions of noncontrolling interests

  -        -        -        -        -        4,242          4,242   

Distributions to noncontrolling interests

  -        -        -        -        -        (7,042       (7,042
                                                       

Balances, December 31, 2009

  182,839      $ 1,828      $ 1,646,185      $ (449,849   $ 2,851      $ 71,571        $ 1,272,586   
                                                       

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

 

     For the Year Ended December 31,  
     2009     2008     2007  

OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

      

Net income (loss)

   $ (47,081   $ (183,732   $ 10,197   

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Real estate depreciation and amortization expense

     57,834        52,313        31,358   

Net amortization (accretion) of real estate securities discounts and premiums

     2,691        (1,114     -   

Other depreciation and amortization

     (458     (2,856     56   

Loss on derivatives

     7,673        11,673        557   

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     -        (9,309     -   

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     13,141        192,724        -   

Provision for loss on debt related investments

     17,339        -        -   

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

      

(Increase) decrease in restricted cash

     (1,137     735        (6,422

Decrease in other assets

     (5,851     (1,701     (13,844

Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses

     3,925        87        7,008   

Increase in other liabilities

     3,145        1,446        2,862   
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     51,221        60,266        31,772   

INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

      

Investment in real property

     (169,646     (136,176     (881,631

Investment in unconsolidated joint venture

     -        (17,345     -   

Investment in real estate securities

     -        -        (207,862

Principal collections on real estate securities

     3        96        -   

Investment in debt related investments

     (68,995     (9,062     (88,510

Increase in restricted cash

     (6,476     -        -   

Principal collections on debt related investments

     -        35,233        12,665   
                        

Net cash used in investing activities

     (245,114     (127,254     (1,165,338

FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

      

Mortgage note proceeds

     53,334        118,294        574,624   

Mortgage note principal repayments

     (4,445     (113,386     (46,137

Proceeds from other secured borrowings

     -        -        40,000   

Repayment of other secured borrowings

     (2,508     (32,192     (2,700

Repayment of master repurchase facility

     -        -        (10,919

Financing obligation proceeds

     12,258        64,190        67,554   

Settlement of cash flow hedging derivatives

     (21,195     (23,966     (241

Proceeds from sale of common stock

     246,724        449,063        829,591   

Offering costs for issuance of common stock, related party

     (20,809     (38,850     (76,033

Redemption of common shares

     (37,132     (55,597     (1,895

Distributions to common stockholders

     (47,166     (30,995     (15,261

Distributions to noncontrolling interest holders

     (6,959     (5,566     (14,880

Other financing activities

     (3,636     (15,428     14,180   
                        

Net cash provided by financing activities

     168,466        315,567        1,357,883   

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

     (25,427     248,579        224,317   

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period

     540,213        291,634        67,317   
                        

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period

   $ 514,786      $ 540,213      $ 291,634   
                        

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:

      

Assumed mortgages

   $ 65,500      $ 57,200      $ 48,156   

Amount issued pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan

   $ 53,275      $ 44,788      $ 22,296   

Cash paid for interest

   $ 49,979      $ 44,321      $ 29,987   

Issuances of OP Units for beneficial interests

   $ 7,465      $ 64,893      $ -   

Non-cash financing for debt related investment

   $ -      $ 10,753      $ -   

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2009

 

1. ORGANIZATION

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. is a Maryland corporation formed on April 11, 2005 to invest in a diverse portfolio of real property and real estate related investments. As used herein, “the Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries and partnerships except where the context otherwise requires.

We operate in a manner intended to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2006, when we first elected REIT status. We utilize an Umbrella Partnership Real Estate Investment Trust (“UPREIT”) organizational structure to hold all or substantially all of our assets through our operating partnership, Dividend Capital Total Realty Operating Partnership, L.P. (our “Operating Partnership”). Furthermore, our Operating Partnership wholly owns a taxable REIT subsidiary, DCTRT Leasing Corp. (the “TRS”), through which we execute certain business transactions that might otherwise have an adverse impact on our status as a REIT if such business transactions were to occur directly or indirectly through our Operating Partnership.

Our day-to-day activities are managed by Dividend Capital Total Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”), an affiliate, under the terms and conditions of an advisory agreement (as amended from time to time the “Advisory Agreement”). The Advisor and its affiliates receive various forms of compensation, reimbursements and fees for services relating to the investment and management of our real estate assets.

As of the close of business on September 30, 2009, we terminated the primary portion of our public offering of shares of our common stock and ceased accepting new subscriptions to purchase shares of our common stock. However, we have offered and will continue to offer shares of common stock through our distribution reinvestment plan, (the “DRIP” Plan). As a result of the termination of the primary portion of our public offering, we terminated our dealer manager agreements with Dividend Capital Securities LLC (the “Dealer Manager”), one of our affiliates, that served as the dealer manager of our public offerings. Subsequent to December 31, 2009, we also terminated our dealer manager agreements with the Dealer Manager covering our private placement offerings.

We have raised equity capital through (i) selling shares of our common stock through our public offerings, (ii) reinvestment of dividends by our stockholders through our DRIP Plan and (iii) our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings (see Note 8). We will continue to raise equity capital through the reinvestment of dividends by our stockholders through our DRIP Plan. As of December 31, 2009, we raised approximately $1.8 billion in net proceeds comprised of (i) approximately $1.5 billion (net of redemptions and selling costs) from the sale of approximately 170.0 million shares of our common stock pursuant to our primary offerings of common stock, (ii) approximately $120.8 million from the sale of 12.8 million shares sold pursuant to our DRIP Plan and (iii) net proceeds of approximately $164.8 million pursuant to our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings.

We have invested in a diverse portfolio of real properties, debt related investments and real estate securities. We primarily seek to invest in real property consisting of office, industrial, retail, multifamily, hospitality and other properties, primarily located in North America. Additionally, we have invested in certain debt related investments, including originating and participating in mortgage loans secured by real estate, junior portions of first mortgages on commercial properties (“B-notes”), mezzanine debt and other related investments as well as real estate securities, including securities issued by other real estate companies, commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) and commercial real estate collateralized debt obligations (“CRE-CDOs”).

As of December 31, 2009, we had gross investments of approximately $1.9 billion, comprised of approximately (i) $1.7 billion in real property, (ii) $157.9 million in net debt related investments, including a $17.4 million investment in an unconsolidated joint venture and (iii) $72.7 million in real estate securities.

 

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2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

Due to our control of our Operating Partnership through our sole general partnership interest and the limited rights of the limited partners, we consolidate our Operating Partnership and limited partner interests not held by us and they are reflected as noncontrolling interests in the accompanying financial statements. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Our financial statements also include the accounts of our consolidated subsidiaries and joint ventures through which we are the primary beneficiary or through which we have a controlling interest. In determining whether we have a controlling interest in a joint venture and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, we consider factors such as ownership interest, board representation, management representation, authority to make decisions, and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners/members as well as whether the entity is a variable interest entity in which it will absorb the majority of the entity’s expected losses, if they occur, or receive the majority of the expected residual returns, if they occur, or both.

Judgments made by us with respect to our level of influence or control of an entity and whether we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity involve consideration of various factors including the form of our ownership interest, the size of our investment (including loans) and our ability to participate in major policy making decisions. Our ability to correctly assess our influence or control over an entity affects the presentation of these investments in our financial statements and, consequently, our financial position and specific items in our results of operations that are used by our stockholders, lenders and others in their evaluation of us.

Generally, we consolidate real estate partnerships and other entities that are not variable interest entities when we own, directly or indirectly, a majority voting interest in the entity.

Investments

Real Property

Pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC Topic 805”), costs associated with the acquisition of real property, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor, are now expensed as incurred as of January 1, 2009. Prior to January 1, 2009, pursuant to previous guidance under ASC Topic 805, we capitalized costs associated with the acquisition of real property, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor, and amortized those costs over the related life of the acquired assets. In addition, we estimate the fair value of contingent consideration related to acquisitions of real property in determining the total cost of the property acquired. Subsequent changes in the fair value of such contingent consideration are recorded either as a gain or loss in our statement of operations. Prior to January 1, 2009, changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration were not recognized in our statements of operations. As a result, we had acquisition-related expenses of approximately $5.9 million offset by income of approximately $1.0 million related to the increase in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration during the year ended December 31, 2009.

Costs associated with the development and improvement of our real property assets are capitalized as incurred. Costs incurred in making repairs and maintaining real estate assets are expensed as incurred. The results of operations for acquired real property are included in our accompanying statements of operations from their respective acquisition dates.

Upon acquisition, the total cost of a property is allocated to land, building, building and land improvements, tenant improvements and intangible lease assets and liabilities. The allocation of the total cost to land, building, building improvements and tenant improvements is based on our estimate of the property’s as-if vacant fair value. The as-if vacant fair value is calculated by using all available information such as the replacement cost of such asset, appraisals, property condition reports, market data and other related information. The difference between the fair value and the face value of debt assumed in an acquisition is recorded as a premium or discount

 

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and amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt assumed. The allocation of the total cost of a property to an intangible lease asset includes the value associated with the in-place leases, which may include lost rent, leasing commissions, legal and other costs.

We record acquired “above-market” and “below-market” leases at their fair value equal to the difference between the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and our estimate of fair market lease rates for each corresponding in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for above-market leases and the remaining term of the lease plus the term of any below-market fixed-rate renewal option periods for below-market leases. In addition, we allocate a portion of the purchase price of an acquired property to the estimated value of customer relationships, if any. As of December 31, 2009, we had not recorded any estimated value to customer relationships.

Intangible in-place lease assets are amortized over the corresponding lease term. Above-market lease assets are amortized as a reduction in rental revenue over the corresponding lease term. Below-market lease liabilities are amortized as an increase in rental revenue over the corresponding lease term, plus any applicable fixed-rate renewal option periods. The following table summarizes the amounts that we have incurred in amortization expense for intangible lease assets and adjustments to rental revenue for above-market lease assets and below-market lease liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 related to intangible lease assets and liabilities (amounts in thousands).

 

     2009     2008     2007  

Intangible lease assets

   $ 28,267      $ 28,542      $ 17,400   

Above-market lease assets

     3,011        2,955        1,983   

Below-market lease liabilities

     (5,530     (4,893     (2,801
                        

Total amortization

   $ 25,748      $ 26,604      $ 16,582   
                        

We expense any unamortized intangible lease asset or record an adjustment to rental revenue for any unamortized above-market lease asset or below-market lease liability when a tenant terminates a lease before the stated lease expiration date. The following table summarizes lease assets and liabilities that we wrote off during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 as a result of early lease terminations (amounts in thousands).

 

     2009     2008     2007  

Intangible lease assets

   $ 2,305      $ 2,947      $ 303   

Above-market lease assets

     384        128        14   

Below-market lease liabilities

     (506     (1,106     (25
                        

Total amortization

   $ 2,183      $ 1,969      $ 292   
                        

Real property assets, including land, building, building and land improvements, tenant improvements, lease commissions, and intangible lease assets and liabilities are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives as described in the following table.

 

Description

  

Depreciable Life

Land

   Not depreciated

Building

   40 years

Building and land improvements

   20 years

Tenant improvements

   Lesser of useful life or lease term

Lease commissions

   Over lease term

Intangible in-place lease assets

   Over lease term

Above-market lease assets

   Over lease term

Below-market lease liabilities

  

Over lease term, including below-market

fixed-rate renewal options

 

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The following table presents expected amortization during the next five years and thereafter related to the acquired above-market lease assets, below-market lease liabilities and acquired in-place lease intangibles, for properties owned as of December 31, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     2010     2011     2012     2013     2014     Thereafter  

Acquired above-market lease assets

   $ (2,832   $ (1,811   $ (1,141   $ (816   $ (718   $ (3,608

Acquired below-market lease liabilities

     5,108        4,668        4,246        3,407        2,814        34,709   
                                                

Net rental revenue increase

     2,276        2,857        3,105        2,591        2,096        31,101   

Acquired in-place lease intangibles

   $ 29,135      $ 22,878      $ 17,173      $ 12,821      $ 10,923      $ 45,810   
                                                

Real Estate Securities

As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, investments in real estate securities consisted of preferred equity securities, CMBS and CRE-CDOs. We classify our investments in real estate securities as either trading investments, available-for-sale investments or held-to-maturity investments. Although we generally intend to hold most of our investments in real estate securities for the long term or until maturity, we may from time to time sell any of these assets as part of the overall management of our portfolio. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, all of our real estate securities were classified as available-for-sale. All assets classified as available-for-sale are reported based on our best estimate of fair value. Our estimate of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities requires significant judgment and uses a combination of observable market information, unobservable market assumptions and security-specific characteristics in determining the fair values of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. See Note 9 for additional details regarding our determination of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. Temporary unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component within equity referred to as other comprehensive income (loss).

Debt Related Investments

The following discussion pertains only to our mortgage, mezzanine, and B-note investments. Debt related investments are considered to be held-to-maturity, as we have both the intent and ability to hold these investments until maturity. Accordingly, these assets are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan origination costs and fees, discounts, repayments and unfunded commitments unless such loans or investments are deemed to be impaired.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition — Real Property

We record rental revenue for the full term of each lease on a straight-line basis. Certain properties have leases that offer the tenant a period of time where no rent is due or where rent payments increase during the term of the lease. Accordingly, we record a receivable from tenants for rent that we expect to collect over the remaining lease term rather than currently, which is recorded as straight-line rents receivable. When we acquire a property, the term of existing leases is considered to commence as of the acquisition date for purposes of this calculation. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the total increase to rental revenue due to straight-line rent adjustments was approximately $4.4 million, $5.4 million and $2.5 million, respectively.

Tenant recovery income includes payments from tenants for real estate taxes, insurance and other property operating expenses and is recognized as rental revenue. Tenant recovery income recognized as rental revenue for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $27.6 million, $21.6 million and $14.0 million, respectively.

Revenue Recognition — Real Estate Securities

When we are able to reliably estimate cash flows, we record interest income on CMBS and CRE-CDO investments using the effective interest method. At the time of purchase, we estimate the future expected cash

 

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flows and determine the amount of accretable yield based on these estimated cash flows and the purchase price. As appropriate, we update these estimated cash flows to compute a revised yield based on the current amortized cost of the investment. In estimating these cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies, including the rate and timing of principal payments (including prepayments, repurchases, defaults and liquidations), the pass-through or coupon rate, interest rate fluctuations, interest payment shortfalls and the timing and the magnitude of credit losses on the mortgage loans underlying the securities. These uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact our estimates and, thus, our securities income.

As discussed below in more detail, if we determine there has been an other-than-temporary impairment of our CMBS and/or CRE-CDOs, we determine an amount of accretable yield based on our estimated cash flows that we subsequently amortize to income over the expected life of the investment using the effective interest method. We amortized approximately $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 resulting in a reduction to securities income for our CMBS and CRE-CDOs associated with previously recorded other-than-temporary impairments. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded $933,000 as an increase to interest income for certain CRE-CDOs for which we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment. There were no other-than-temporary impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2007. See Note 4 for additional discussion of impairment of real estate securities.

As of December 31, 2009, we determined that we can reliably estimate cash flows related to one of our CRE-CDO investments. Furthermore, we determined that we cannot reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive related to our remaining CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. Therefore, we account for such securities under the cost recovery method of accounting. The application of the cost recovery method of accounting requires that we cease to recognize interest income related to these securities until the amortized cost of each respective security is depleted or until we can reliably estimate the amount of cash flows. After such point, a portion of cash payments will be recorded to interest income.

Dividend income on preferred securities is recognized on the date the dividend is earned (referred to commonly as the “ex-dividend date”). Upon settlement of securities, the excess (or deficiency) of net proceeds over the net carrying value of such security or loan is recognized as a gain (or loss) in the period of settlement. All of our preferred securities investments are cumulative preferred securities. In the event that an issuer of one of our investments in preferred securities suspends the payment of the dividend, we do not recognize dividend income until payments are resumed and the related ex-dividend date is declared. In the event that payments are resumed for what was a previously suspended payment, we would anticipate repayments that would compensate us for payments that the issuer previously suspended due to the cumulative nature of our preferred securities investments.

Revenue Recognition — Debt Related Investments

Interest income on debt related investments is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method and recognized on an accrual basis. Fees received in connection with loan commitments are deferred until the loan is funded and are then recognized over the term of the loan. Anticipated exit fees, where collection is expected, are also recognized over the term of the debt related investment.

Impairment

Impairment — Real Property

We review our investments in real property individually on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when such an evaluation is warranted, to determine their appropriate classification, as well as whether there are indicators of impairment. The investments in real property are either classified as held for sale or held and used.

As of December 31, 2009, all of our properties are classified as held and used. These held and used assets are reviewed for indicators of impairment, which may include, among others, each tenant’s inability to make rent

 

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payments, operating losses or negative operating trends at the property level, notification by a tenant that it will not renew its lease, a decision to dispose of a property, including a change in estimated holding periods, or adverse changes in the fair value of any of our properties. If indicators of impairment exist on a held and used asset, we compare the future estimated undiscounted cash flows from the expected use of the property to its net book value to determine if impairment exists. If the sum of the future estimated undiscounted cash flows is greater than the current net book value, we conclude no impairment exists. If the sum of the future estimated undiscounted cash flows is less than its current net book value, we recognize an impairment loss for the difference between the net book value of the property and its estimated fair value. If a property is classified as held for sale, we recognize an impairment loss if the current net book value of the property exceeds its fair value less selling costs. If our assumptions, projections or estimates regarding a property change in the future, we may have to record an impairment charge to reduce or further reduce the net book value of the property. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had not recorded any impairment charges to our real properties.

Impairment — Real Estate Securities

We evaluate our real estate securities for other-than-temporary impairment on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. When our estimate of fair value of a real estate security is less than its amortized cost, we consider whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment in the value of the security. The evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment differs between our investments in (i) preferred equity securities and (ii) CMBS and CRE-CDO securities, as described further below.

Preferred Equity Securities Impairment

On October 14, 2008, the staff in the Office of the Chief Accountant of the Commission noted in a letter (the “SEC Letter”) to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), that after consulting with the FASB, the staff would not object to the application of an impairment model for perpetual preferred securities similar to debt securities since ASC Topic 320, Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC Topic 320”) does not specifically address the impact of the debt-like characteristics on the assessment of other-than-temporary impairment. The assessment of other-than-temporary impairment differs significantly between equity securities and debt securities. For equity securities, other-than-temporary impairment is recognized unless it is expected that the value of the security will recover in the near term and the investor has the intent and ability to hold the securities until recovery. However, for debt securities, impairment is considered other-than-temporary only if the investor does not have the ability and intent to hold the security until recovery or it has been determined that there has been an adverse change, either in timing or amount, of the cash flows underlying the investment. Such an evaluation should be based on our ability and intent to hold the security to recovery and the underlying credit of the issuers. We adopted this impairment model for our investments in perpetual preferred securities during the year ended December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2009, all of our preferred securities investments were perpetual preferred securities. In applying the impairment model for perpetual preferred securities, we apply a debt security impairment model for our preferred equity securities investments that are of investment grade quality credit. Preferred equity securities that are below investment grade quality are analyzed for other-than-temporary impairment under an equity security model. If, in our judgment, an other-than-temporary impairment exists, the cost basis of the security is written down to its fair value as of the respective balance sheet date, and the respective unrealized loss is reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and recorded as a reduction to earnings.

We reviewed our preferred equity securities investments for indicators of other-than-temporary impairment. This review included analysis of (i) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been lower than carrying value, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer including consideration of any credit deterioration and (iii) our intent and ability to hold our investment for a reasonable period of time sufficient to allow for a forecasted recovery of fair value. Based on the results of this review, we did not record an other-than-temporary impairment charge for the year ended December 31, 2009. For the same period in 2008, we recorded other-than-temporary impairment charges of approximately $69.7 million related to our preferred equity securities. There were no other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our preferred equity securities during 2007.

 

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CMBS and CRE-CDO Securities Impairment

On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued ASC Topic 320-10-65, Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC Topic 320-10-65”), which applies to the determination of other-than-temporary impairment for debt securities (i.e. our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities). ASC Topic 320-10-65 states that an other-than-temporary impairment write-down of debt securities, where fair value is below amortized cost, is triggered in circumstances where (i) an entity has the intent to sell a security, (ii) it is more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, or (iii) the entity does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. If an entity intends to sell a security or if it is more likely than not the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery, an other-than-temporary impairment write-down is recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and its fair value. If an entity does not intend to sell the security or it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery, the other-than-temporary impairment write-down is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized in earnings, and the amount related to all other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income. Under previous accounting guidance in effect prior to April 1, 2009, we were required to have the intent and ability to hold an impaired security to recovery in order to conclude an impairment was temporary. In addition, we recognized the entire amount of the difference between the amortized cost of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities and their respective fair values in earnings. We adopted the provisions of this ASC Topic 320-10-65 as of April 1, 2009. The result of the adoption was an increase to our April 1, 2009 balance of distributions in excess of earnings by approximately $4.0 million with a corresponding decrease to accumulated other comprehensive income.

In our determination of whether we will recover the entire amortized cost basis of our debt securities, we determine if it is probable that there has been an adverse change in the estimated timing and/or amount of cash flows from our securities based on all relevant, available information, including information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In addition, ASC Topic 325-40 requires us to consider whether we can reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive from our securities. As of December 31, 2009, we determined that we cannot reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive related to certain CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. As a result, we utilize the cost recovery method of accounting with respect to these securities.

For those securities for which we cannot reliably estimate cash flows and for which the estimate of fair value is less than amortized cost, we recognized the entire amount of such difference as a charge to other-than- temporary impairment in our statements of operations. As a result, we recognized approximately $13.1 million in net other-than-temporary impairment during the year ended December 31, 2009. In addition, the application of the cost recovery method of accounting will require that we cease to recognize interest income related to these securities until the amortized cost of each respective security is depleted or until we can reliably estimate cash flows. After such point, cash payments will be recorded to interest income. This will result in diminished securities income in future periods in the near term. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded a net other-than-temporary impairment charge of approximately $123.0 million related to certain of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. There were no other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments during the same period in 2007.

Impairment — Debt Related Investments

We review our debt related investments on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when such an evaluation is warranted, to determine if impairment exists. A debt related investment is impaired when, based on current information and events including economic, industry and geographical factors, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due, both principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the agreement. When our investment is deemed impaired, the impairment is measured based on the expected future cash flows discounted at the investment’s effective interest rate. As a practical expedient, we may measure impairment based on the fair value of the collateral of an impaired collateral-dependent investment or to measure impairment based on an observable market price for the impaired investment as an alternative to discounting expected future

 

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cash flows. Regardless of the measurement method, we measure impairment based on the fair value of the collateral when it is determined that foreclosure is probable. During the year ended December 31, 2009, we recognized approximately $17.3 million in provision losses related to one of our debt related investments in the accompanying statements of operations. We did not recognize any provision losses for our debt related investments during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

We record all derivative instruments in the accompanying balance sheets at fair value. Accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on the intended use of the derivative instrument and the designation of the derivative instrument. Derivative instruments used to hedge exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitments attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered “fair value” hedges. Derivative instruments used to hedge exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, such as future interest payments, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered “cash flow” hedges. We do not have any fair value hedges.

For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, the changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument that represent changes in expected future cash flows, which are effectively hedged by the derivative instrument, are initially reported as other comprehensive income (loss) in the statement of equity until the derivative instrument is settled. Upon settlement, the effective portion of the hedge is recognized as other comprehensive income (loss) and amortized over the term of the designated cash flow or transaction the derivative instrument was intended to hedge. The change in value of any derivative instrument that is deemed to be ineffective is charged directly to earnings when the determination of hedge ineffectiveness is made. We assess the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in fair value or cash flows of the derivative instrument with the changes in fair value or cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction. For purposes of determining hedge ineffectiveness, management estimates the timing and potential amount of future fixed-rate debt issuances each quarter in order to estimate the cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction. Management considers the likelihood of the timing and amount of entering into such forecasted transactions when determining the expected future fixed-rate debt issuances. We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Additionally, we have an interest rate collar that is not designated as a hedge. This derivative is not speculative and is used to manage exposure to interest rate volatility. We classify cash paid to settle our forward starting swaps as financing activities in our statements of cash flows.

Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Venture

During 2008, we acquired an indirect investment in a debt related investment that was structured as a redeemable preferred equity interest through a joint venture arrangement (the “Liberty Avenue Debt Investment”). We account for the Liberty Avenue Debt Investment under the equity method of accounting since we own more than a minor interest in the venture, but do not unilaterally control the venture and were not considered to be the primary beneficiary. The investment was recorded initially at cost, and is subsequently adjusted for equity in net income (loss) and cash contributions and distributions to reflect the investment at its book value assuming hypothetical liquidation. When circumstances indicate there may have been a loss in value of an equity investment, we evaluate the investment for impairment by estimating our ability to recover our investment from future expected cash flows. If we determine the loss in value is other than temporary, we recognize an impairment charge to reflect the investment at fair value.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less such as money market mutual funds or certificates of deposits. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we have not realized any losses in such cash accounts or investments and believe that we are not exposed to any significant credit risk.

 

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Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists primarily of lender and property-related escrow accounts. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we did not realized any losses in such restricted cash accounts or investments related to, and believe that we are not exposed to, any significant credit risk.

Subscriptions Receivable

Subscriptions receivable consists of subscriptions to purchase shares of our common stock through our public offerings for which we had not yet received the cash proceeds as of the balance sheet dates.

Collectability of Receivables

We evaluate the collectability of our rent and other receivables on a regular basis based on factors including, among others, payment history, the financial strength of the tenant or borrower and any guarantors, the value of the underlying collateral, the operations and operating trends of the underlying collateral, if any, the asset type and current economic conditions. If our evaluation of these factors indicates we may not recover the full amount of the receivable, we provide a reserve against the portion of the receivable that we estimate may not be recovered. This analysis requires us to determine whether there are factors indicating a receivable may not be fully collectible and to estimate the amount of the receivable that may not be collected. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had allowances included in the caption other assets, net, in our accompanying balance sheets of approximately $1.3 million and $618,000, respectively. If our assumptions or estimates regarding the collectability of a receivable change in the future, we may have to record allowances to reduce or further reduce the carrying value of the receivable.

Deferred Loan Costs

Deferred loan costs include fees and costs incurred to obtain long-term financing. These fees and costs are amortized over the terms of the related loans. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had outstanding deferred loan costs, including amounts associated with our private placement offerings, of $14.5 million and $14.8 million, net of accumulated amortization of approximately $3.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively. Unamortized deferred loan costs are included in the gain or loss on debt extinguishment if debt is retired before the maturity date.

Stock-Based Compensation

As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had granted 75,000 and 60,000 options, respectively, to our independent directors pursuant to the equity incentive plan. Options granted under our equity incentive plan are valued using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and are amortized to salary expense on a straight-line basis over the benefit period. Such expense is included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we recorded expense related to the equity incentive plan of approximately $33,000, $12,000 and $10,000, respectively. The following table describes options to purchase common stock that have been granted to our independent directors pursuant to our equity incentive plan as of December 31, 2009.

 

Grant Date

   Exercise Price
per Share
   Maximum
Term
   Vesting
Period
   Options
Granted

April 3, 2006

   $ 11.00    10 years    5 years    30,000

August 27, 2007

   $ 11.00    10 years    2 years    15,000

August 21, 2008

   $ 11.00    10 years    2 years    15,000

June 29, 2009

   $ 11.00    10 years    2 years    15,000
             

Total

            75,000
             

 

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as reported in the accompanying statements of equity primarily consists of changes in the fair value of available-for-sale real estate securities and changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges.

Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Common Share

Basic net income (loss) per common share is determined by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share includes the effects of potentially issuable common stock, but only if dilutive, including the presumed exchange of OP Units.

Income Taxes

We operate in a manner intended to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income taxes on net income that we distribute to our stockholders. We intend to make timely distributions sufficient to satisfy the annual distribution requirements. We believe we are organized and operate in such a manner and intend to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We are, however, subject to certain state and local taxes. Our taxable REIT subsidiary, DCTRT Leasing Corporation, is also subject to federal, state, and local taxes.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of revisions are reflected in the periods they are determined to be necessary.

Reclassifications

Certain items in the financial statements corresponding to prior periods have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

All of our investments are subject to the various risks inherent in the current economic environment but certain of our investments, particularly our real estate securities investments, have been significantly impacted by the economic environment. Our investments in securities rely heavily on an active and orderly credit market, and therefore, the values of these securities are highly sensitive to changes in the credit market as well as the overall economic environment. In the summer of 2007, the domestic credit market began to deteriorate led by increasing defaults on sub-prime residential mortgages and continued across all forms of mortgage lending including commercial real estate and the general credit market as a whole. These changes have significantly and adversely affected the value and the liquidity of our real estate securities. If the existing current economic recovery stalls and our economic environment worsens, it will likely continue to adversely impact the value and liquidity of our securities and could continue to adversely impact the ability for these securities to generate current income. Market volatility and uncertainty may also cause certain market indicators of impairment to persist, leading to further potential other-than-temporary impairment charges and/or permanent losses in our real estate security investments.

We do not know with any level of certainty the full extent to which the current economic environment will continue to affect us. If we were forced to liquidate our securities portfolio into the current market, we would

 

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experience significant and permanent losses on these investments. However, based upon our available cash balances and other sources of capital, we believe that we currently have sufficient liquidity to hold our real estate securities on a long-term basis and we are not dependent upon selling these investments in order to fund our operations or any of our other near term commitments.

In addition, the current economic environment and credit market conditions have impacted the performance and value of our debt related investments. During 2009, we recognized a provision for loan loss on one of our debt related investments due to our determination that the collectability of future cash flows from that debt related investment was highly uncertain and that the collateral had no value. If the current economic environment were to persist or worsen in the markets where the properties securing our debt related investments are located, we may see additional impairment of debt related investments as a result. Continued volatility in the fair value and operating performance of commercial real estate has made estimating cash flows from our debt related investments increasingly difficult, since such estimates are dependent upon our judgment regarding numerous factors, including, but not limited to, current and potential future refinancing availability, fluctuations in regional or local real estate values and fluctuations in regional or local rental or occupancy rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses.

While the current credit quality of the underlying loans that comprise our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments reflect some level of deterioration, including a recent increase in actual delinquencies and continued forecasted rises in delinquencies causes us to remain cautious about the future prospects of these investments and acknowledge that the effects to the underlying credit quality may be delayed relative to the current economic situation. Furthermore, while the credit quality may reflect only modest levels of deterioration, the change in value of the properties securing the underlying loans may also negatively impact the performance of our investment in these securities. The impact to our financial statements resulting from the current and expected future condition of these investments is described in further detail in Note 4.

The lack of liquidity in the market has also made the valuation process pertaining to our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments difficult and subjective. Prior to 2008, our estimate of the value of these investments was primarily based on active issuances and the secondary trading market of such securities as compiled and reported by independent pricing agencies. The current market environment is absent new issuances and there has been very limited, if any, secondary trading of CMBS and CRE-CDOs that are similar to our investments. Our estimate of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities requires significant judgment by management and uses a combination of observable market information, unobservable market assumptions and security-specific characteristics in determining the fair values of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. See Note 9 for additional details regarding our determination of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. While we have used all available evidence to determine our best estimate of fair value, in accordance with ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC Topic 820”), the amount that we could obtain if we were forced to liquidate these securities in the current market may be significantly different than our estimate of fair value.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that will be effective on January 1, 2010. This accounting standard is a revision to a previous FASB interpretation and changes how a reporting entity evaluates whether an entity is a variable interest entity and which entity is considered the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and is therefore required to consolidate such variable interest entity. This accounting standard will also require assessments at each reporting period of which party within the variable interest entity is considered the primary beneficiary and will require a number of new disclosures related to variable interest entities. We are still evaluating this accounting standard and the potential impact that it may have on our financial position and results of operations upon adoption.

 

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3. INVESTMENTS IN REAL PROPERTY

Our consolidated investments in real property consist of investments in office, industrial and retail properties. The following tables summarize our consolidated investments in real property as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

Real Property

   Land    Building
and
Improvements
    Intangible
Lease Assets
    Gross
Investment
Amount
    Intangible
Lease
Liabilities
    Total
Investment
Amount
 

As of December 31, 2009:

             

Office

   $ 127,486    $ 354,467      $ 116,225      $ 598,178      $ (10,879   $ 587,299   

Industrial properties

     50,140      285,511        36,408        372,059        (8,950     363,109   

Retail properties

     220,313      419,952        75,070        715,335        (47,208     668,127   
                                               

Total gross book value

     397,939      1,059,930        227,703        1,685,572        (67,037     1,618,535   

Accumulated depreciation/amortization

     -      (68,307     (77,857     (146,164     12,058        (134,106
                                               

Total net book value

   $ 397,939    $ 991,623      $ 149,846      $ 1,539,408      $ (54,979   $ 1,484,429   
                                               

As of December 31, 2008:

             

Office

   $ 85,434    $ 271,880      $ 68,466      $ 425,780      $ (7,883   $ 417,897   

Industrial properties

     50,136      283,965        36,788        370,889        (8,952     361,937   

Retail properties

     200,534      385,530        66,376        652,440        (43,922     608,518   
                                               

Total gross book value

     336,104      941,375        171,630        1,449,109        (60,757     1,388,352   

Accumulated depreciation/amortization

     -      (38,787     (49,021     (87,808     6,788        (81,020
                                               

Total net book value

   $ 336,104    $ 902,588      $ 122,609      $ 1,361,301      $ (53,969   $ 1,307,332   
                                               

Acquisitions

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we acquired five real properties with a gross investment amount of approximately $233.4 million, comprising approximately 850,000 net rentable square feet. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we acquired 13 real properties with a gross investment amount of approximately $200.7 million, comprising approximately 1.8 million net rentable square feet. All of our properties were acquired using a combination of net proceeds from our public and private offerings and debt financings. We own 100% of the equity interest of all real properties acquired in 2009. The results of operations for the acquired properties are included in our statements of operations from their respective dates of acquisition.

The following table describes real property acquisitions made in 2009 in more detail (dollar and square footage amounts in thousands).

 

Property

  Market   Property
Type
  Number of
Properties
  Date of
Acquisition
  Gross
Investment
Amount (1)
  Net
Rentable
Square Feet
  Occupancy
(2)
 

2009 real property acquisitions

             

Preston Sherry Plaza

  Dallas, TX   Office   1   12/16/09   $ 29,819   147   89.3

Park Place

  Dallas, TX   Office   1   12/16/09     23,704   177   72.2

Campus Road Office Center

  Princeton, NJ   Office   1   11/3/09     51,075   167   100.0

Greater DC Retail

  Washington, DC   Retail   1   04/06/09     62,297   233   100.0

1300 Connecticut

  Washington, DC   Office   1   03/10/09     66,486   126   97.6
                         

Total 2009 real property acquisitions

  5     $ 233,381   850   92.0
                         

 

(1) Gross investment amount represents our accounting basis as reported on the face of our financial statements as of December 31, 2009.

 

(2) Occupancy rates are based on commenced leases as of December 31, 2009.

 

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Contingent Consideration

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we estimated and recorded contingent consideration assets with a fair value of approximately $880,000 as of the date of the acquisition of certain properties. We subsequently recognized a gain based on changes in our estimate of the fair value of this contingent consideration of approximately $1.0 million, resulting in an estimated fair value of approximately $1.9 million of contingent consideration as of December 31, 2009. This gain was recorded in acquisition-related expenses net of other gains in our statements of operations. These contingencies generally provide us with limited compensation for potential capital expenditures, lost rent and certain other leasing-related expenses and incentives in the event that these expenditures are required. Subsequent to December 31, 2009, these contingencies were resolved resulting in a payment due to us of approximately $1.9 million.

Pro Forma Financial Information (Unaudited)

The following table has been prepared to provide unaudited pro forma information for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 with regards to our 2009 real estate acquisitions and the related financing of such transactions as applicable. This unaudited pro forma information includes the amounts included in revenues and net loss since our acquisition of each respective property and our estimate of the pro forma impact that the acquisition of each respective property would have had on our revenues and net loss had we acquired these properties as of January 1, 2008.

This unaudited pro forma information may not be indicative of the results that actually would have occurred if these transactions had been made as of January 1, 2008 nor does it purport to represent the results of operation for future periods. The accompanying unaudited pro forma information does not contemplate certain amounts that are not readily determinable, such as additional general and administrative expenses and other related items (amounts in thousands).

 

     2009     2008  
     Revenue (1)    Net Loss     Revenue (1)    Net Loss  

Actual historical operating results (2)

   $ 164,828    $ (47,081   $ 154,272    $ (183,732

Supplemental pro forma adjustment for 2009 property acquisitions (3)

     15,559      3,846        28,297      (7,856
                              

Pro forma operating results

   $ 180,387    $ (43,235   $ 182,569    $ (191,588
                              

 

(1) Historical revenue includes equity in earnings from of our unconsolidated joint venture and interest and other income.

 

(2) Amounts included in our actual historical operating results include $12.7 million of total revenue and a loss of approximately $6.8 million that were attributable to the five acquisitions made in 2009.

 

(3) Supplemental pro forma adjustment includes our estimate of incremental rental revenue, rental expense, depreciation and amortization expense, asset management fees, acquisition-related expenses, net of other gains and interest expense that we may have incurred had 2009 acquisitions been made on January 1, 2008. As part of this consideration, acquisition-related expenses, net of other gains of approximately $4.9 million have been added back to our 2009 pro forma adjustment and deducted from our 2008 pro forma adjustment in contemplation of the fact that such expenses and gains would have been recognized during the year ended December 31, 2008.

Future Minimum Rentals

Future minimum rentals to be received under non-cancelable operating and ground leases in effect as of December 31, 2009, are as follows (amounts in thousands).

 

For years ended December 31,

   Future Minimum
Rentals

2010

   $ 114,338

2011

     100,408

2012

     88,908

2013

     77,550

2014

     68,376

Thereafter

     339,796
      

Total

   $ 789,376
      

 

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The table above does not reflect future rental revenues from the potential renewal or replacement of existing and future leases and excludes property operating expense reimbursements and assumes no early termination of leases.

 

4. INVESTMENT IN REAL ESTATE SECURITIES

As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the weighted average term remaining until expected maturity of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments was approximately 4.5 years and 5.7 years, respectively, based on amounts invested. As of December 31, 2009, the weighted average publicly available rating, as provided by Standard and Poor’s, of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities were approximately B and CCC, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, the weighted average publicly available rating, as provided by Standard and Poor’s, of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities were approximately BB and BB+. Our preferred equity securities are perpetual in nature and therefore do not have expected maturity dates and approximately 84% of our preferred equity securities, based on amount invested, do not have credit ratings. The following table describes our investments in real estate securities as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

     2009  
     Preferred
Equity
    CRE-CDOs     CMBS     Total  

Amount invested, net of principal repayments

   $ 102,725      $ 139,818      $ 4,019      $ 246,562   

Other-than-temporary impairment

     (69,694     (132,305     (3,866     (205,865

Reclassification of distributions in excess of earnings to other comprehensive income

     -        3,836        127        3,963   

Net amortization/accretion of discounts and premiums

     -        (1,402     (14     (1,416
                                

Amortized cost

     33,031        9,947        266        43,244   

Gross unrealized gains

     30,994        1,204        51        32,249   

Gross unrealized losses

     (131     (2,676     -        (2,807
                                

Fair value

   $ 63,894      $ 8,475      $ 317      $ 72,686   
                                

 

     2008  
     Preferred
Equity
    CRE-CDOs     CMBS     Total  

Amount invested, net of principal repayments

   $ 102,725      $ 139,821      $ 4,019      $ 246,565   

Other-than-temporary impairment

     (69,694     (119,481     (3,549     (192,724

Net amortization/accretion of discounts and premiums

     -        1,167        109        1,276   
                                

Amortized cost

     33,031        21,507        579        55,117   

Gross unrealized losses

     (1,439     (1,310     -        (2,749
                                

Fair value

   $ 31,592      $ 20,197      $ 579      $ 52,368   
                                

Unrealized Losses

As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the balance in other comprehensive income (loss) specific to our real estate securities reflected a gain of approximately $29.4 million and a loss of approximately $2.7 million, respectively.

 

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As of December 31, 2009, certain of our securities had a fair value below their respective amortized cost. The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of our securities with unrealized losses, aggregated by type of security and length of time the individual securities have been in continuous unrealized loss positions (amounts in thousands).

 

    Less Than 12 Months   12 Months or Greater   Total

Type of Security

  Number of
Holdings
  Fair Value   Gross
Unrealized
Loss
  Number of
Holdings
  Fair Value   Gross
Unrealized
Loss
  Number of
Holdings
  Fair Value   Gross
Unrealized
Loss

As of December 31, 2009:

                 

Preferred Equity

  2   $ 3,493   $ 131   0   $ -   $ -   2   $ 3,493   $ 131

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

  0     -     -   5     1,711     2,676   5     1,711     2,676
                                               

Total

  2   $ 3,493   $ 131   5   $ 1,711   $ 2,676   7   $ 5,204   $ 2,807
                                               

As of December 31, 2008:

                 

Preferred Equity

  3   $ 3,658   $ 755   2   $ 1,139   $ 684   5   $ 4,797   $ 1,439

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

  2     1,935     1,310   0     -     -   2     1,935     1,310
                                               

Total

  5   $ 5,593   $ 2,065   2   $ 1,139   $ 684   7   $ 6,732   $ 2,749
                                               

Based upon our intent and ability to hold these real estate securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for a forecasted recovery of fair value, the continued performance of the issuer or the underlying collateral, and our assessment, based on all available information considered, that the underlying cash flows will continue to perform in the future, the gross unrealized loss of approximately $2.8 million is considered to be temporary as of December 31, 2009, and, as a result, no additional impairment losses related to the real estate securities in the above table have been recognized. See Note 2 for discussion of the impairment models applicable to our investments in real estate securities. As of December 31, 2009, we had a gross unrealized gain of approximately $32.2 million related to 22 of our preferred equity securities with a fair value of approximately $60.4 million and nine of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities with a fair value of approximately $7.1 million.

The extreme volatility and disruption to global capital markets that resulted in a recession in the world’s major economies exerted significant downward pressure on prices of equity securities markets and resulted in severely constrained credit and capital markets, particularly for financial institutions, and an overall loss of investor confidence. These developments significantly impacted the fair value of our real estate securities. Continued volatility in the equity markets could continue to significantly impact the fair values of our preferred equity securities and result in further other-than-temporary impairment charges.

Further deterioration of economic and credit market conditions would likely result in significant negative changes in factors such as financial conditions of the issuers, expected defaults, analyst reports and forecasts, credit ratings, the value of the underlying collateral and other market data that are relevant to the collectability of the contractual cash flows from our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. Such deterioration would continue to adversely impact the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities and potentially result in additional other-than-temporary impairment charges.

Other-than-Temporary Impairment

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we recorded impairment charges totaling approximately $14.6 million, of which approximately $1.5 million was determined to be noncredit related losses, which resulted in a net other-than-temporary impairment of approximately $13.1 million of our real estate securities. During the year

 

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ended December 31, 2008, we recorded charges totaling approximately $192.7 million related to other-than-temporary impairment of our real estate securities. During the same period in 2007, we did not record any impairment charges to our real estate securities.

Due to volatility with the credit market and its unpredictable impact for such securities, we determined that we cannot reliably predict the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. Therefore, we account for such securities under the cost recovery method of accounting. The application of the cost recovery method of accounting requires that we cease to recognize interest income related to these securities until the amortized cost of each respective security is depleted or until we can reliably estimate cash flows, which will result in diminished securities income in the near term. Once the amortized cost of each security is depleted or we can reasonably estimate cash flows, cash payments will be recorded to interest income, which will result in increased securities income in future periods.

Credit Losses

Since we do not intend to sell any of our debt securities and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell any of our debt securities before recovery, other-than-temporary impairment write-downs related to our debt securities are separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized in earnings, and the amount related to all other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).

A credit loss represents the difference between the present value of expected future cash flows and the amortized cost basis of a debt security. As of December 31, 2009, we had recognized approximately $132.2 million in other-than-temporary impairment related to our investments in debt securities. On April 1, 2009, for certain securities, we reclassified approximately $4.0 million in non-credit related other-than-temporary impairment from distributions in excess of earnings to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The following table presents a rollforward of the credit loss component of the amortized cost of debt securities for the year ended December 31, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Year Ended December 31, 2009  
     CRE-CDOs     CMBS     Total  

Credit loss at beginning of period

   $ 119,481      $ 3,549      $ 123,030   

Reclassification of non-credit losses to OCI

     (3,836     (127     (3,963

Subsequent other-than-temporary impairment

     12,824        317        13,141   
                        

Credit loss as of December 31, 2009

   $ 128,469      $ 3,739      $ 132,208   
                        

Significant Inputs

For our investments in debt securities that we can reliably estimate cash flows, we do so based on all relevant, available information, including information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In estimating cash flows of our debt securities, which requires significant judgment, we specifically consider and analyze factors such as remaining payment terms, prepayments, financial condition and value of the underlying collateral, expected defaults, analyst reports and forecasts, credit ratings and other market data that are relevant to the collectability of the contractual cash flows from the security. The estimated cash flows of the security are then discounted at the interest rate used to recognize interest income on the security to determine the present value of the estimated cash flows.

Contractual Maturities

Our preferred equity securities are perpetual in nature and have no stated maturity, call or redemption dates. Our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities all have contractual maturities ranging from 2042 through 2052.

 

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Securities Income

The following table describes our income from real estate securities investments for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. Issuers of three of our preferred equity securities indefinitely suspended their respective preferred dividends during the year ended December 31, 2008, resulting in a decrease in securities income for the year ended December 31, 2009 of approximately $2.6 million compared to the same period in 2008. (Dollar amounts in the below table are in thousands.)

 

Security Type

   Number of
Holdings
   2009    2008    2007    Weighted
Average
Yield (1)
 
              
              

Preferred Equity

   24    $ 5,653    $ 7,611    $ 6,245    5.5

CRE-CDO (2)

   15      2,250      9,671      9,152    3.1

CMBS (2)

   2      171      285      294    5.0
                                

Total

   41    $ 8,074    $ 17,567    $ 15,691    4.1
                                

 

(1) Weighted average yield is calculated on an unlevered basis using the amount invested, current interest rates and accretion of premiums and discounts realized upon the initial investment for each security type. For purposes of this table, yields for LIBOR-based, floating-rate investments have been calculated using the one-month LIBOR rate as of December 31, 2009. We have assumed a yield of zero on our preferred equity securities investments for which the preferred dividend payment has been indefinitely suspended and for our CDO investments.

 

(2) We recorded incremental amortization associated with other-than-temporary impairment related to our CRE-CDO and CMBS securities of approximately $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as a reduction to interest income. We recorded approximately $933,000 as an increase to interest income as a result of additional accretable yield associated with previously impaired CRE-CDOs for the same period in 2008. This amortization is not included in the calculation of yield as described above in footnote (1).

 

5. DEBT RELATED INVESTMENTS

As of December 31, 2009, we had approximately $157.9 million in debt related investments including an investment of approximately $17.4 million in an unconsolidated joint venture. The following table describes our debt related investments as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

Investment Type

   Number of Investments    Net Investment (1)    Weighted Average
Expected Maturity
in Years (2)
        
   2009    2008    2009    2008   

Mortgage notes

   2    -    $ 68,634    $ -    2.7

B-notes

   4    4      51,932      51,930    3.3

Mezzanine debt (3)

   2    2      19,946      36,919    4.9
                            

Subtotal

   8    6      140,512      88,849    3.4
                            

Unconsolidated joint venture (4)

   1    1      17,386      17,532    0.4
                            

Total

   9    7    $ 157,898    $ 106,381    3.1
                            

 

(1) Amount presented is net of accumulated accretion, amortization of discounts and premiums and allowances for loss on our debt related investments.

 

(2) As of December 31, 2009 and weighted by relative investment amounts.

 

(3) Amount includes an allowance for loss on debt related investments of approximately $17.3 million as of December 31, 2009.

 

(4) One of our debt related investments is accounted for as an unconsolidated joint venture using the equity method per guidance established pursuant to ASC Topic 323, Investments- Equity Method and Joint Ventures. We include this equity method investment in our debt related investments operating segment as the terms of our investment are similar to our other debt related investments.

 

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The following table describes our debt related income, including equity in earnings of an unconsolidated joint venture, for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

Investment Type

   2009    2008    2007    Weighted Average
Yield as of
December 31, 2009 (1)
 
           

Mortgage notes

   $ 3,277    $ 2,346    $ 2,828    11.2

B-notes

     3,059      3,947      4,231    5.7

Mezzanine debt

     3,676      3,083      1,892    10.0
                           

Subtotal

     10,012      9,376      8,951    9.0
                           

Unconsolidated joint venture

     2,210      586      -    13.0
                           

Total

   $ 12,222    $ 9,962    $ 8,951    9.4
                           

 

(1) Weighted average yield is calculated on an unlevered basis using the amount invested, current interest rates and accretion of premiums or discounts realized upon the initial investment for each investment type as of December 31, 2009. Yields for LIBOR-based, floating-rate investments have been calculated using the one-month LIBOR rate as of December 31, 2009 for purposes of this table.

Impairment

During 2008, we acquired a debt related investment secured by the equity interest of the owner of an office property located in the Washington, D.C. market (“Greenboro Park Mezzanine Loan”). During the year ended December 31, 2009, we recognized approximately $17.3 million in a provision for loss related to this debt related investment in the accompanying statements of operations. This provision was entirely related to the Greensboro Park Mezzanine Loan and resulted from our assessment that future cash flows from this investment were highly uncertain and that the collateral had no value. This represents a total provision for the entire carrying amount of this investment as of December 31, 2009. Debt service payments from this investment were paid in full as of December 31, 2009. However, subsequent to December 31, 2009, cash flow from the property has been insufficient to service all debt payments to us on this investment. We have not recognized any provisions associated with any other investments in our debt investment portfolio as of December 31, 2009. There were no provision losses recognized for our debt related investments during the same periods in 2008 or 2007.

Debt Related Investment and Repayment Activity

Origination of Westin-Galleria Loan

On July 23, 2009, we originated a $65.0 million senior mortgage loan secured by two hotel properties located in the Houston, Texas market (the “Westin Galleria Loan”). The borrower under the Westin Galleria Loan is Walton Houston Galleria Hotels, L.P., an affiliate of Chicago, Illinois-based Walton Street Capital, a private equity real estate sponsor. The Westin Galleria Loan has an initial term of three years, prepayable in the initial term, subject to certain prepayment fees, and is subject to two additional one-year extensions. We earned an origination fee of approximately $975,000 upon the origination of the Westin Galleria Loan. In connection with our origination of the Westin Galleria Loan, we paid our Advisor an acquisition fee of approximately $650,000. We originated the Westin Galleria Loan using net proceeds from our public and private offerings.

 

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As of December 31, 2009, all our debt related investments were interest only and were not subject to any delinquent principal or interest payments. In addition, all but two of our debt related investments are subordinate to other more senior positions with respect to the underlying collateral. The following table summarizes our debt related investments as of December 31, 2009 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

Description

   Region    Interest
Rate
Fixed or
Variable
  Interest
Rate as of
December 31,
2009
    Maturity Date (1)    Face
Amount
of Debt (2)
   Amount of
Debt Related
Investments

Mortgage note

   Southwest    Fixed   11.0   7/31/2012    $ 65,000    $ 64,720

Mortgage note

   Pacific    Fixed   8.0   1/8/2015      3,800      3,914

B-note

   Mountain    Variable   3.5   8/6/2010      13,947      13,947

B-note

   Pacific    Fixed   9.2   1/1/2011      3,000      2,982

B-note

   Southwest    Fixed   10.7   11/1/2016      15,000      15,003

B-note

   Pacific    Variable   3.1   1/9/2012      20,000      20,000

Mezzanine debt

   Southwest    Fixed   10.5   1/1/2017      20,000      19,946

Mezzanine debt (3)

   Mid-Atlantic    Fixed   6.3   6/1/2012      18,381      -
                           

Subtotal

        8.6      $
159,128
   $ 140,512

Unconsolidated joint venture

   Northeast    Fixed   13.0   5/9/2010      17,000      17,386
                           

Total/weighted average

        9.0      $ 176,128    $ 157,898
                           

 

(1) Reflects the initial maturity of the investment or any exercised options to extend and does not consider any future options to extend that are at the discretion of the borrower.

 

(2) Reflects the principal amount of the debt investment outstanding which is net of principal repayments.

 

(3) The Greensboro loan was considered impaired during the year ended December 31, 2009, and therefore, an allowance of loss on debt related investments was recorded for approximately $17.3 million reducing the balance to zero.

 

6. DEBT OBLIGATIONS

We use and intend to continue to use debt as a means of financing a portion of our investments. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had outstanding debt obligations of approximately $841.0 million and $734.9 million, respectively. These borrowings were comprised of mortgage notes as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 of approximately $827.6 million and $719.1 million, respectively, and other secured borrowings of approximately $13.4 million and $15.9 million, respectively.

Mortgage Notes

The following table describes our mortgage notes related to our operating properties in more detail as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

     Weighted Average Stated
Interest Rate
    Outstanding Balance (1)    Gross Investment Amount of
Properties Securing
Mortgage Notes
   2009     2008           2009                2008          2009    2008

Fixed rate mortgages

   6.0   6.0   $ 764,967    $ 661,031    $ 1,322,177    $ 1,131,051

Floating rate mortgages (2)

   2.0   2.2     62,647      58,036      86,316      85,665
                                       

Total/weighted average

   5.7   5.7   $ 827,614    $ 719,067    $ 1,408,493    $ 1,216,716
                                       

 

(1) Amounts presented are net of unamortized discounts to the face value of our outstanding fixed-rate mortgages of $6.2 million and $221,000 as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

(2) As of both December 31, 2009 and 2008, floating-rate mortgage notes were subject to interest rates at spreads of 1.40% to 3.50% over one-month LIBOR.

 

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As of December 31, 2009, 17 mortgage notes were interest only and 20 mortgage notes were fully amortizing with outstanding balances of approximately $505.1 million and $322.5 million, respectively. None of our mortgage notes are recourse to us. Five of our mortgage notes with an aggregate outstanding principal balance as of December 31, 2009 of approximately $69.5 million have initial maturities before December 31, 2011. One of these notes with an outstanding principal balance as of December 31, 2009 of approximately $46.5 million has an extension option beyond December 31, 2011. This extension option is subject to certain lender covenants and restrictions that we must meet to extend this maturity date. We currently have not determined whether we will exercise our option to extend the note and we cannot assert with any degree of certainty that we will meet the requirements to extend the note upon the initial maturity date of this mortgage note. As of December 31, 2009, we were in compliance with all financial covenants.

Borrowing Activity

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we obtained or assumed approximately $113.7 million in new mortgage debt financing that was comprised of four mortgage notes secured by eight real properties. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we obtained or assumed approximately $184.8 million in new mortgage debt that was secured by 21 real properties.

Other Secured Borrowings

Borrowings Secured by Debt Related Investments

To partially finance the acquisition of the Greensboro Park Mezzanine Loan, we obtained a floating-rate loan with an outstanding principal balance of approximately $10.8 million that bears interest based at a rate of 1.50% over the one-month LIBOR rate. The loan was used to acquire the Greensboro Park Mezzanine Loan debt related investment and has a maturity date that is coterminous with the maturity of the Greensboro Park Mezzanine Loan, which occurs in 2012. We have repaid approximately $2.8 million of the outstanding principal balance of this loan as of December 31, 2009, resulting in an outstanding principal balance of approximately $8.0 million as of December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2009, the net investment amount of the debt investment that secures this borrowing was approximately $17.3 million. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we incurred interest expense for this loan of approximately $179,000 and $273,000, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we did not incur interest expense related to the Greensboro Park Mezzanine Loan. We repaid this loan in full subsequent to December 31, 2009.

Securities Margin Account

In July 2006, we established a securities margin account with an independent, third-party commercial lender intended to enable us to borrow funds for various purposes secured by our preferred equity securities. As of December 31, 2009, the fair value of the preferred equity securities that serve as collateral for the securities margin account was approximately $63.9 million. Pursuant to this securities margin account, we have the capacity to borrow up to 65% of the market value of any eligible real estate security held in the account. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, approximately $5.4 million and $5.7 million, respectively, were outstanding on the securities margin account. The proceeds from these borrowings were used for general corporate and investment purposes. Borrowings associated with this securities margin account are charged interest at a rate of the federal funds rate plus 75 basis points, and as of December 31, 2009, the interest rate on the securities margin account was approximately 0.9%. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we incurred interest expense for this margin account of approximately $51,000, $944,000 and $963,000, respectively. This margin facility does not have a stated maturity date.

Loan Cost Amortization

Our interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, includes approximately $1.7 million, $1.7 million and $2.0 million for the amortization of loan costs, respectively. Included in these amounts

 

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are approximately $679,000, $676,000 and $501,000, respectively, for the amortization of loan costs related to our financing obligations. See Note 8 for additional details of loan costs associated with our financing obligations.

Debt Maturities

The following table sets forth contractual scheduled maturities of our mortgage debt as of December 31, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

Year

   Mortgage
Notes
   % of Total
Borrowings
 

2010

   $ 62,647    7.6

2011

     6,899    0.8

2012

     21,300    2.6

2013

     -    0.0

2014

     93,437    11.3

2015

     99,735    12.1

2016

     192,216    23.2

2017

     303,649    36.7

2018

     -    0.0

2019

     -    0.0

Thereafter

     47,731    5.8
             

Total

   $ 827,614    100.0
             

 

7. HEDGING ACTIVITIES

Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives

We maintain risk management control systems to monitor interest rate risk attributable to both our outstanding and forecasted debt obligations. We generally seek to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows by selectively utilizing derivative instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates on loans secured by our assets. While this hedging strategy is designed to minimize the impact on our net income (loss) and cash provided by operating activities from changes in interest rates, the overall returns on our investments may be reduced. Our board of directors has established policies and procedures regarding our use of derivative instruments for hedging or other purposes to achieve these risk management objectives.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

Our objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, we primarily use interest rate swaps, caps and collars as part of our interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for us making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty if interest rates rise above the strike rate on the contract in exchange for an up-front premium payment. Interest rate collars designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts if interest rates rise above the cap strike rate on the contract and payments of variable-rate amounts if interest rates fall below the floor strike rate on the contract.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. During the year ended December 31, 2009, we used derivatives to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing variable-rate debt or forecasted issuances of debt. During the next 12 months, we estimate that an additional approximately

 

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$2.7 million will be reclassified as an increase to interest expense. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivatives is recognized directly in earnings. For the year ended December 31, 2009, we recorded a loss of approximately $413,000 due to hedge ineffectiveness in earnings attributable to the delay in issuance of debt for derivatives used to hedge forecasted issuances of debt.

During the year ended December 31, 2009, approximately $9.6 million of losses were reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) to earnings due to our determination that it was no longer probable that previously forecasted issuances of fixed-rate debt associated with certain of our forward starting swaps would be issued within the timeframe specified in the corresponding hedge designation memorandum. This was partially offset by a net gain of approximately $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 due to a change in forecasted dates of debt issuances.

Our hedging exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted debt issuances expired in July 2009 when we terminated our last LIBOR-based forward starting swap.

Designated Hedges

As of December 31, 2009, we had one outstanding interest rate derivative that was designated as a cash flow hedge of interest rate risk with a notional amount of $46.5 million and a fair value of zero. This hedge will terminate in June 2010.

Non-designated Hedges

Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and are used by us to hedge our exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks but do not meet the hedge accounting requirements of ASC Topic 815. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedges are recorded directly in earnings. For the year ended December 31, 2009, we recorded a loss of approximately $61,000 related to our derivatives not designated as hedges. As of December 31, 2009, we had one outstanding interest rate collar derivative that was not designated as a hedge with a notional amount of $9.7 million. As of December 31, 2009, this interest rate collar was recorded as a liability on our balance sheet with a fair value of approximately $28,000.

Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Statement of Operations

The table below presents the effect of our derivative financial instruments on our accompanying statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Year Ended
December 31, 2009
 

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments

  

Derivative type

     Interest rate contracts   

Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI (effective portion)

   $ 4,959   

Location of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion)

     Interest expense   

Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion)

   $ (2,279

Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing)

     Gain (loss) on derivatives   

Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income due to missed forecast (ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing)

   $ (9,551

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

  

Derivative type

     Interest rate contracts   

Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income

     Gain (loss) on derivatives   

Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income

   $ 1,553   

 

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8. OUR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP’S PRIVATE PLACEMENTS

Our Operating Partnership, through the TRS, previously offered undivided tenancy-in-common interests in real property and beneficial interests in Delaware Statutory Trusts that own real property (hereinafter referred to collectively as “fractional interests”) to accredited investors in private placement offerings. These fractional interests may have served as replacement properties for investors seeking to complete like-kind exchange transactions under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The properties owned through such fractional interests sold to accredited investors are or were 100% leased by our Operating Partnership. Additionally, our Operating Partnership has a purchase option giving it the right, but not the obligation, to acquire the fractional interests from the investors at a later point in time in exchange for partnership units in the Operating Partnership representing OP Units. After a period of one year, holders of OP Units have the right to redeem their OP Units. We have the option, in our sole discretion, of redeeming the OP Units with cash, shares of our common stock or with a combination of cash and shares of our common stock.

The proceeds from the sale of these fractional interests were accounted for as financing obligations in the accompanying balance sheets. As previously discussed, our Operating Partnership has 100% leased the properties sold to investors and rental payments made pursuant to such leases to investors are accounted for generally as interest expense using the interest method whereby a portion is accounted for as interest expense and a portion is accounted for as an accretion or amortization of the outstanding principal balance of the financing obligations. During the three months ended December 31, 2009, we identified an error associated with our imputation of interest expense related to our financing obligations whereby we had recorded excess interest expense of approximately $196,000, $409,000 and $312,000 for the nine months ended as of September 30, 2009 and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We believe neither the origination nor the correction of the misstatement was material quantitatively or qualitatively to our financial statements for the prior periods affected or for the three months or year ended December 31, 2009.

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we raised approximately $12.2 million from the sale of fractional interests in one property. Furthermore, during 2009, we exercised our option to acquire, at fair value, approximately $7.9 million of previously sold fractional interests in one property for a combination of (i) approximately 747,000 OP Units issued at a price of $10.00 per OP Unit, representing approximately $7.5 million of the aggregate purchase and (ii) approximately $412,000 in cash. The result of this 2009 activity was a net increase in our financing obligations of approximately $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Subsequent to December 31, 2009, we concluded our private placement offerings.

During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we incurred rent obligations of approximately $5.8 million, $6.1 million and $4.4 million, respectively, under our lease agreements with the investors who have participated in our private placement offerings. The various lease agreements in place as of December 31, 2009 contained expiration dates ranging from June 2019 to January 2023. The following table sets forth the future minimum rental payments due to investors under the various lease agreements associated with our private placement offerings (amounts in thousands).

 

For years ended December 31,

   Future Minimum
Rental Payments

2010

   $ 8,100

2011

     8,254

2012

     8,415

2013

     8,581

2014

     8,691

Thereafter

     91,588
      

Total

   $ 133,629
      

We paid certain up-front fees and reimbursed certain related expenses to our Advisor, our former Dealer Manager and Dividend Capital Exchange Facilitators LLC (the “Facilitator”) for raising capital through these

 

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private placement offerings. Our Advisor was obligated to pay all of the offering and marketing related costs associated with these private placement offerings. However, we were obligated to pay our Advisor a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 1.5% of the gross equity proceeds raised through these private placement offerings. In addition, we were obligated to pay our former Dealer Manager a dealer manager fee of up to 1.5% of gross equity proceeds raised and a commission of up to 5.0% of gross equity proceeds raised through these private placement offerings. Our former Dealer Manager was permitted to re-allow such commissions and a portion of such dealer manager fee to participating broker dealers participating in the respective private placement offerings. In addition, we were obligated to pay a transaction facilitation fee to the Facilitator, an affiliate of our Advisor, of up to 2.0% of gross equity proceeds raised through these private placement offerings.

During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we incurred upfront costs of approximately $1.2 million, $6.4 million and $6.6 million, respectively, payable to our Advisor and other affiliates for services provided related to effecting these transactions, which are accounted for as deferred loan costs. Such deferred loan costs are included in other assets in the accompanying balance sheets and amortized to interest expense over the life of the financing obligation. If we elect to exercise our purchase option as described above and issue OP Units, the unamortized up-front fees and expense reimbursements paid to affiliates will be recorded against noncontrolling interests as a reduction of the amount received for issuing the OP Units. During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we recorded approximately $664,000 and $6.5 million, respectively, of unamortized deferred loan cost against noncontrolling interest as a reduction in the amount received for issuing the OP Units. We did not exercise any purchase options or issue OP units during the year ended December 31, 2007. If our Operating Partnership does not elect to exercise any such purchase option, we will continue to account for these transactions as a financing obligation because we will continue to sublease 100% of the properties and will therefore not meet the definition of “active use” set forth in ASC Topic 840 in order to recognize the sale of such fractional interests.

 

9. FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures (“ASC Topic 820”), defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC Topic 820 applies to reported balances that are required or permitted to be measured at fair value under existing accounting pronouncements; accordingly, the standard does not require any new fair value measurements of reported balances.

ASC Topic 820 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. Therefore, a fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within Levels 1 and 2 of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy).

Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs that are observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liabilities, which are typically based on an entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest

 

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level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

The table below presents certain of our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall as defined above (amounts in thousands).

 

     Level 1    Level 2     Level 3    Total  

As of December 31, 2009:

          

Assets

          

Preferred equity

   $ 63,894    $ -      $ -    $ 63,894   

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

     -      -        8,792      8,792   
                              

Investment in real estate securities

   $ 63,894    $ -      $ 8,792    $ 72,686   

Liabilities

          

Derivative instruments

   $ -    $ 28      $ -    $ 28   

As of December 31, 2008:

          

Assets

          

Preferred equity

   $ 31,592    $ -      $ -    $ 31,592   

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

     -      -        20,776      20,776   
                              

Investment in real estate securities

   $ 31,592    $ -      $ 20,776    $ 52,368   

Liabilities

          

Derivative instruments

   $ -    $ (27,213   $ -    $ (27,213

The table below presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of certain of our assets and liabilities having fair value measurements based on significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) between December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     CMBS and
CRE-CDOs
 

Beginning balance as of December 31, 2008

   $ 20,776   

Included in net income (loss) (1)

     (11,869

Included in other comprehensive income (loss)

     (112

Purchases, issuances and settlements

     (3
        

Total change in fair value

   $ (11,984

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

     -   
        

Ending balance as of December 31, 2009

   $ 8,792   
        

 

(1) Amount presented is net of the cumulative effect adjustment of approximately $4.0 million that resulted from our adoption of ASC Topic 320-10-65 and also includes net amortization of approximately $112,000.

Fair Value Estimates of Investments in Real Estate Securities

Our real estate securities are valued in two categories, comprised of preferred equity securities and CMBS and CRE-CDOs. Our pricing procedures for each of the two categories are applied to each specific investment within their respective categories.

Preferred Equity Securities — The valuation of our investments in preferred equity securities is determined using exchange listed prices in an active market. As such, preferred equity securities fall within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

CMBS and CRE-CDOs — We estimate the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities using a combination of observable market information and unobservable market assumptions. Observable market

 

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information considered in these fair market valuations include benchmark interest rates, interest rate curves, credit market indexes and swap curves. Unobservable market assumptions considered in the determination of the fair market valuations of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments include market assumptions related to discount rates, default rates, prepayment rates, reviews of trustee or investor reports and non-binding broker quotes and pricing services in what is currently an inactive market. Additionally, we consider security-specific characteristics in determining the fair values of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments, which include consideration of credit enhancements, the underlying collateral’s average default rates, the average delinquency rate and loan-to-value and several other characteristics. As a result, both Level 2 and Level 3 inputs are used in arriving at the valuation of our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDOs. We consider the Level 3 inputs considered in determining the fair value of its investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities to be significant. As such, all investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities fall under the Level 3 category of the fair value hierarchy.

Fair Value Estimates of Derivative Instruments

We have used forward starting swaps, zero cost collars and interest rate caps to manage interest rate risk. The values of these instruments are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis of the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. The valuation methodologies are segregated into two categories of derivatives: (i) forward starting swaps and (ii) zero cost collars/interest rate caps.

Forward Starting Swaps — Forward starting swaps are considered and measured at fair value as interest rate swaps. The fair values of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (i.e. forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves.

Zero Cost Collars/Interest Rate Caps (Interest Rate Options) — Zero cost collars and interest rate caps are considered and measured at fair value as interest rate options. The fair values of interest rate options are determined using the market standard methodology of discounting the future expected cash receipts that would occur if variable interest rates fell below or rose above the strike rate of the caps or outside of the applicable collar rates. The variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts on the cap or collar rates are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves and volatilities.

We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, we have considered the impact of “netting” and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees.

The majority of the inputs used to value our derivative instruments fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. However, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivative instruments utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to evaluate the likelihood of potential default by us and our counterparties. As of December 31, 2009, we had assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments and had determined that it was not significant to the overall valuation of our derivative instruments. As a result, we have determined that all of our derivative valuations are appropriately classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we recognized provision losses related to one of our debt related investments in the accompanying statements of operations. This provision was entirely related to one mezzanine

 

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debt investment and we recorded a complete loss for the debt investment based on our determination that future cash flows from this investment were highly uncertain and that there was no fair value attributable to the debt investment as of December 31, 2009. Our estimate of the fair value of this debt investment was made primarily using a discounted cash flow analysis of the underlying collateral that was comprised of unobservable market assumptions and market data. Such assumptions considered factors such as market leasing rates, prospects for lease renewal, acquisition of new tenants, the incurrence of possible capital expenditures, consideration of the in-place financing structure, comparable sales of similar properties and/or debt investments, transaction costs and the potential for additional financing and/or refinancing. We consider the Level 3 inputs used in determining the fair value of this debt investment to be significant. As such, this investment falls under the Level 3 category of the fair value hierarchy.

 

10. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We are required to disclose the fair value of our financial instruments for which it is practical to estimate that value. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which such financial instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced sale or liquidation. For certain of our financial instruments, fair values are not readily available since there are no active trading markets as characterized by current exchanges between willing parties. Accordingly, we derive our estimated fair value using various valuation techniques, such as computing the present value of estimated future cash flows using discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. However, the determination of estimated cash flows may be subjective and imprecise and changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies can have a material effect on these estimated fair values. In that regard, the fair value estimates may not be substantiated by comparison to independent markets, and in many cases, may not be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument. See Note 9 for further discussion of our determination of fair values in inactive markets and the corresponding application of the ASC Topic 825 hierarchy.

The fair values estimated below are indicative of the interest rate and other assumptions as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and may not take into consideration the effects of subsequent interest rate or other assumption fluctuations, or changes in the values of underlying collateral. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. In addition, we determined that the fair value of our other secured borrowings approximate their carrying values as of December 31, 2009 and 2008.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our other financial instruments as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows (amounts in thousands).

 

     2009    2008
     Carrying
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Carrying
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value

Assets:

           

Investments in real estate securities

   $ 72,686    $ 72,686    $ 52,368    $ 52,368

Fixed-rate debt related investments, net

     106,562      103,691      54,898      52,086

Floating-rate debt related investments, net

     33,950      30,328      33,951      33,231

Liabilities:

           

Fixed-rate mortgage notes

   $ 764,967    $ 723,005    $ 661,031    $ 617,509

Floating-rate mortgage notes

     62,647      61,202      58,036      56,381

Derivative liabilities

     28      28      27,213      27,213

 

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See Note 9 for details regarding methodologies and key assumptions applied to determining the fair value of our investments in real estate securities and derivative liabilities. The methodologies used and key assumptions made to estimate fair values of the other financial instruments described in the above table are as follows:

Debt Related Investments — The fair value of our debt investments as of December 31, 2009 was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis that utilized estimates of scheduled cash flows and discount rates estimated to approximate those that a willing buyer and seller might use.

Mortgage Notes — The fair value of our fixed-rate mortgage notes as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis, based on our estimate of market interest rates. Credit spreads relating to the underlying instruments are based on unobservable Level 3 inputs, which we have determined to be our best estimate of current market spreads of similar instruments.

 

11. NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS

Our noncontrolling interests consist of three components: (i) joint venture partnership interests held by our partners, (ii) OP Units held by third parties and (iii) Special Units held by the parent of our Advisor. The following table summarizes noncontrolling interest balances as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 in terms of cumulative contributions, distributions and cumulative allocations of net income (loss) (amounts in thousands).

 

     2009     2008  

OP Units:

    

Contributions

   $ 63,527      $ 59,394   

Distributions

     (6,917     (2,660

Share of net loss

     (8,062     (6,276

Share of comprehensive income

     3,481        1,611   
                

Subtotal

     52,029        52,069   

Joint Venture Partner Interests:

    

Contributions

     35,383        35,319   

Distributions

     (13,328     (10,543

Share of net loss

     (2,514     (2,049
                

Subtotal

     19,541        22,727   

Special Units:

    

Contributions

     1        1   

Distributions

     -        -   

Share of net loss

     -        -   
                

Subtotal

     1        1   
                

Total

   $ 71,571      $ 74,797   
                

OP Units

Securities that are redeemable for cash or other assets at the option of the holder, not solely within the control of the issuer, are classified as redeemable noncontrolling interests outside of permanent equity in our accompanying balance sheets. We have evaluated our ability to deliver shares of common stock to satisfy redemption requests from holders of our OP Units and we have concluded that we have the right to satisfy the redemption requirements of holders of our OP Units by delivering unregistered shares of our common stock. Each outstanding OP Unit is exchangeable for one share of our common stock, and the OP Unit holder cannot require redemption in cash or other assets. As a result, we classify our OP Units held by third parties as noncontrolling interests.

As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we owned approximately 96.3% and 96.1%, respectively, of our Operating Partnership, and the remaining interests in our Operating Partnership were owned by third-party

 

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investors and our Advisor. After a period of one year, holders of OP Units may request the Operating Partnership to redeem their OP Units. We have the option of redeeming the OP Units with cash, shares of our common stock or with a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. In May 2005, our Operating Partnership issued 20,000 OP Units to our Advisor for gross proceeds of $200,000, which represented less than a 0.1% ownership interest in our Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2009. In addition, as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had issued approximately 7.0 million and 6.5 million OP Units, respectively, to third-party investors in connection with our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings and such units had a maximum approximate redemption value of $70.0 million and $64.8 million, respectively, based on the price of our common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2009, we redeemed approximately 245,000 OP Units, by paying cash of approximately $2.3 million.

Joint Venture Partner Interests

Certain of our joint ventures are consolidated by us in the accompanying financial statements. Our joint venture partners’ interests in our consolidated partnerships are not redeemable. As a result, we classify our joint venture partners’ interests as noncontrolling interests.

Special Units

On May 4, 2005, the Operating Partnership issued 100 Special Units to the parent of the Advisor for consideration of $1,000. The holder of the Special Units does not participate in the profits and losses of the Operating Partnership. Amounts distributable to the holder of the Special Units will depend on operations and the amount of net sales proceeds received from real property and real estate securities dispositions or upon other events. In general, after holders of OP Units, in aggregate, have received cumulative distributions equal to their capital contributions plus a 6.5% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on their net contributions, the holder of the Special Units and the holders of OP Units will receive 15% and 85%, respectively, of the net sales proceeds received by the Operating Partnership upon the disposition of the Operating Partnership’s assets. In addition, the Special Units will be redeemed by the Operating Partnership, resulting in a one-time payment, in the form of a promissory note, to the holder of the Special Units, upon the earliest to occur of the following events:

 

  (1) The listing of our common stock on a national securities exchange or the receipt by our stockholders of securities that are listed on a national securities exchange in exchange for our common stock; or

 

  (2) The termination or non-renewal of the Advisory Agreement, (i) for “cause,” as defined in the Advisory Agreement, (ii) in connection with a merger, sale of assets or transaction involving us pursuant to which a majority of our directors then in office are replaced or removed, (iii) by the Advisor for “good reason,” as defined in the Advisory Agreement, or (iv) by us or the Operating Partnership other than for “cause.”

There was no activity related to Special Unit holders during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 or 2007.

 

12. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

On May 27, 2005, we filed a registration statement on Form S-11 with the Commission in connection with an initial public offering of our common stock, which was declared effective on January 27, 2006. Pursuant to the registration statement, we offered up to $2.0 billion in shares of our common stock, 75% of which were offered to the public at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which were offered pursuant to our DRIP Plan at a price of $9.50 per share. On June 11, 2007, we filed a registration statement on Form S-11 with the Commission for a follow-on public offering of our common stock, which was declared effective on January 22, 2008. In connection with our follow-on public offering, we offered up to $2.0 billion in shares of our common stock, 75% of which were offered to the public at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which were offered pursuant to our DRIP Plan at a

 

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price of $9.50 per share. On August 3, 2009, we announced the termination of the primary portion of our public offering effective as of the close of business on September 30, 2009. We have and will continue to offer shares of common stock through our DRIP Plan. The following table summarizes shares sold, gross proceeds received and the commissions and fees paid by offering as of December 31, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     Shares     Gross
Proceeds
    Commissions
and Fees
    Net
Proceeds
 

Shares sold in the initial offering

   114,741      $ 1,136,968      $ (104,295   $ 1,032,673   

Shares sold in the follow-on offering

   67,148        659,825        (55,331     604,494   

Shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan in the initial offering

   3,455        32,825        (309     32,516   

Shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan in the follow-on offering

   9,296        88,308        -        88,308   

Shares repurchased pursuant to our share redemption program

   (11,801     (109,979     -        (109,979
                              

Total

   182,839      $ 1,807,947      $ (159,935   $ 1,648,012   
                              

For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, approximately 29.4 million and 43.7 million shares of our common stock were issued in connection with our public offerings, respectively, for net proceeds of approximately $266.9 million and $394.5 million, respectively. The net proceeds from the sale of these shares were transferred to our Operating Partnership in exchange for OP Units on a one-for-one basis.

Redemptions

After having held shares of our common stock for a minimum of one year, our share redemption program (“Program”) may provide investors with a limited opportunity to redeem shares of our common stock, subject to certain restrictions and limitations, at a price equal to or at a discount from the purchase price paid for the shares being redeemed. The discount will vary based upon the length of time that the investors have held the shares of our common stock subject to redemption, as described in the following table.

 

Share Purchase Anniversary

   Redemption Price
as a Percentage
of Purchase Price
 

Less than 1 year

   No Redemption Allowed   

1 year

   92.5

2 years

   95.0

3 years

   97.5

4 years and longer

   100.0

We are not obligated to redeem shares of our common stock under the Program. We presently intend to limit the number of shares to be redeemed during any calendar quarter to the lesser of (i) one-quarter of five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the date that is twelve-months prior to the end of the current quarter, and (ii) the aggregate number of shares sold pursuant to our DRIP Plan in the immediately preceding quarter, which amount may be less than the Aggregate Redemption Cap (defined below). The lesser of the preceding limitations is referred to as the (“Quarterly Redemption Cap”). Our board of directors retains the right, but is not obligated to, redeem additional shares if, in its sole discretion, it determines that it is in our best interest to do so, provided that we will not redeem during any consecutive twelve month period more than five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding at the beginning of such twelve-month period (the “Aggregate Redemption Cap”, and together with the Quarterly Redemption Cap, the “Redemption Caps”), unless permitted to do so by applicable regulatory authorities. Although we presently intend to redeem shares pursuant to the above referenced methodology, to the extent that the aggregate proceeds received from the sale of shares pursuant to our DRIP Plan in any quarter are not sufficient to fund redemption requests, our board of directors may, in its sole discretion, choose to use other sources of funds to redeem shares of our common

 

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stock, up to the Aggregate Redemption Cap. Such sources of funds could include cash on hand, cash available from borrowings, cash from the sale of our shares pursuant to our DRIP Plan in other quarters, and cash from liquidations of securities investments, to the extent that such funds are not otherwise dedicated to a particular use, such as working capital, cash distributions to stockholders, debt repayment, purchases of real property, real estate related securities, debt related investments or redemptions of OP Units. Our board of directors has no obligation to use other sources of funds to redeem shares of our common stock under any circumstances. The board of directors may in some circumstances, but is not obligated to, increase the Aggregate Redemption Cap, but may only do so in reliance on an applicable no-action letter issued by Securities and Exchange Commission (“Commission”) staff that would allow such an increase. There can be no assurance that the board of directors will increase either of the Redemption Caps at any time, nor can there be assurance that the board of directors will be able to obtain, if necessary, a no-action letter from the Commission. In any event, the number of shares of our common stock that we may redeem will be limited by the funds available from purchases pursuant to our DRIP Plan, cash on hand, cash available from borrowings and cash from liquidations of securities or debt related investments as of the end of the applicable quarter.

Distributions

We accrue and pay distributions on a quarterly basis. Each quarter, our board of directors declares and authorizes the following quarter’s distribution. We calculate individual payments of distributions to each stockholder or OP Unit holder based upon daily record dates during each quarter, so that investors are eligible to earn distributions immediately upon purchasing shares of our common stock or upon purchasing OP Units.

During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we declared distributions to our common stockholders of approximately $104.4 million and $84.0 million, respectively. Of these amounts, for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, approximately $50.3 million and $36.0 million, respectively, was paid in cash and approximately $54.1 million and $48.0 million, respectively, was reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to our DRIP Plan.

The following table sets forth the distributions that have been paid and/or authorized as of December 31, 2009.

 

Quarter

   Amount Declared
per

Share/Unit (1)
   Annualized Amount
per

Share/Unit (1)
   Payment Date

2008

        

1st Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    April 15, 2008

2nd Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    July 15, 2008

3rd Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    October 15, 2008

4th Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    January 15, 2009

2009

        

1st Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    April 15, 2009

2nd Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    July 15, 2009

3rd Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    October 15, 2009

4th Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    January 15, 2010

2010

        

1st Quarter 2010

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    April 15, 2010(2)

 

(1) Assumes ownership of share or unit for the entire quarter.

 

(2) Expected payment date.

Distribution Tax Characterization

Our distributions to stockholders are characterized for federal income tax purposes as (i) ordinary income, (ii) non-taxable return of capital, (iii) long-term capital gain or (iv) unrecaptured 1250 gain from certain depreciable properties. Distributions that exceed our current and accumulated tax earnings and profits constitute

 

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a return of capital for tax purposes rather than a dividend and reduce the stockholders’ basis in the common shares. To the extent that distributions exceed both current and accumulated earnings and profits and the stockholders’ basis in the common shares, they will generally be treated as a gain from the sale or exchange of our stockholders’ common shares. We notify stockholders of the taxability of distributions paid during the preceding year on an annual basis. The following table summarizes the taxability of distributions on common shares for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.

 

     2009     2008     2007  

Per Common Share

   Per Share
Amount
   Percentage     Per Share
Amount
   Percentage     Per Share
Amount
   Percentage  

Ordinary income

   $ 0.11    18.31   $ 0.29    48.85   $ 0.35    58.33

Non-taxable return of capital

     0.48    80.71     0.31    51.15     0.24    40.00

Long-term capital gain

     0.01    0.98     -    0.00     0.01    1.67

Unrecaptured 1250 gain

     -    0.00     -    0.00     -    0.00
                                       

Total

   $ 0.60    100.00   $ 0.60    100.00   $ 0.60    100.00
                                       

 

13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Our Advisor

Our day-to-day activities are managed by our Advisor, an affiliate, under the terms and conditions of the Advisory Agreement. Our Advisor is considered to be a related party as certain indirect owners and employees of our Advisor serve as our executives. The responsibilities of our Advisor include the selection and underwriting of our real property, debt related investments and real estate securities, the negotiations for these investments, the asset management and financing of these investments and the selection of prospective joint venture partners. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we owed approximately $35,000 and $721,000, respectively, to our Advisor and affiliates of our Advisor for such services and reimbursement of certain expenses.

Acquisition Fees

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, we pay certain acquisition fees to the Advisor. For each real property acquired in the operating stage, the acquisition fee is an amount equal to 1.0% of our proportional interest in the purchase price of the property. For each real property acquired prior to or during the development or construction stage, the acquisition fee will be an amount not to exceed 4.0% of the total project cost (which will be the amount actually paid or allocated to the purchase, development, construction or improvement of a property exclusive of acquisition fees and acquisition expenses). The Advisor also is entitled to receive an acquisition fee of 1.0% of the principal amount in connection with the origination or acquisition of any type of debt investment including, but not limited to, the origination of mortgage loans, B-notes, mezzanine debt, participating debt (including with equity-like features), non-traded preferred securities, convertible debt, hybrid instruments, equity instruments and other related investments. During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, our Advisor earned approximately $3.0 million, $2.4 million and $11.1 million in acquisition fees, respectively.

Asset Management Fees

We also pay our Advisor an asset management fee pursuant to the Advisory Agreement in connection with the asset and portfolio management of real property, debt related investments and real estate securities. The Advisor’s asset management fee is payable as follows:

Prior to the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date (as defined below):

For Direct Real Properties (as defined below), the asset management fee consists of (i) a monthly fee of one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non-cash reserves and depreciation) of Direct Real Properties;

 

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and (ii) a monthly fee of 6% of the aggregate monthly net operating income derived from all Direct Real Properties; provided, however, that the aggregate monthly fee to be paid to the Advisor pursuant to these subclauses (i) and (ii) in aggregate shall not exceed one-twelfth of 0.75% of the aggregate cost (before non-cash reserves and depreciation) of all Direct Real Properties.

For Product Specialist Real Properties (as defined below), the asset management fee consists of (i) a monthly fee of one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non cash reserves and depreciation) of Product Specialist Real Properties; and (ii) a monthly fee of 6% of the aggregate monthly net operating income derived from all Product Specialist Real Properties.

After the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date (as defined below):

For all real properties, the asset management fee consists of: (i) a monthly fee of one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non cash reserves and depreciation) of all real property assets within our portfolio; and (ii) a monthly fee of 8.0% of the aggregate monthly net operating income derived from all real property assets within our portfolio.

Direct Real Properties”: shall mean those real properties acquired directly by us without the advice or participation of a product specialist engaged by the Advisor.

Dividend Coverage Ratio”: shall mean, as to any given fiscal quarter, the total amount of distributions made by us in that fiscal quarter divided by the aggregate funds from operations for that fiscal quarter.

Dividend Coverage Ratio Date”: shall be the date on which our dividend coverage ratio has been less than or equal to 1.00 for two consecutive fiscal quarters.

Product Specialist Real Properties”: shall mean those real properties acquired by us pursuant to the advice or participation of a product specialist engaged by the Advisor pursuant to a contractual arrangement.

In addition, both before and after the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date, the asset management fee for all real property assets (acquired both prior to and after the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date) includes a fee of 1.0% of the sales price of individual real property assets upon disposition.

For debt related investments, other than FundCore Finance Group LLC (“FundCore LLC”) debt related investments and securities investments, both before and after the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date, the asset management fee consists of a monthly fee equal to one-twelfth of 1.0% of (i) the amount invested in the case of our debt related assets within our portfolio and (ii) the aggregate value, determined at least quarterly, of our real estate related securities.

We have agreed to pay our Advisor certain acquisition and asset management fees that differ from the fee structure discussed above to facilitate the acquisition and management of certain debt investments that we may acquire pursuant to a product specialist agreement that our Advisor has entered into with the Debt Advisor (defined below). See the section below entitled “FundCore LLC” for additional details of this agreement and the corresponding fee structure.

For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, our Advisor earned approximately $12.9 million, $11.6 million and $8.7 million in asset management fees, respectively.

 

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Fees Paid to Our Advisor and its Affiliates Related to Public Offerings of Our Common Stock

The following table summarizes selling costs incurred associated with our public offerings of common stock by us and paid to our Advisor or affiliates of our Advisor. These amounts have been included as a reduction to additional paid-in capital in the accompanying statements of equity. See below for further description of each fee for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 (amounts in thousands).

 

Reimbursement and Fee Description

   2009    2008    2007

Organization and offering expense reimbursement

   $ 3,561    $ 6,923    $ 12,017

Dealer manager fees

     5,937      11,537      20,159

Broker dealer sales commissions

     10,454      19,925      40,780
                    

Total fees

   $ 19,952    $ 38,385    $ 72,956
                    

Organizational and Offering Costs Reimbursement

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, our Advisor is obligated to advance all of our organizational and offering costs subject to its right to be reimbursed for such costs by us in an amount up to 1.5% of the aggregate gross offering proceeds raised in our public offerings of common stock. Such organizational and offering costs include, but are not limited to, actual legal, accounting, printing and other expenses attributable to preparing registration statements, qualification of the shares for sale in the states and filing fees incurred by our Advisor, as well as reimbursements for marketing, salaries and direct expenses of its employees while engaged in registering and marketing the shares, other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee. Offering costs incurred in connection with the issuance of equity securities are deducted from stockholders’ equity.

From inception through December 31, 2009, the Advisor had incurred cumulative reimbursable offering costs of approximately $41.1 million. As of December 31, 2009, we were obligated to reimburse approximately $27.3 million in such reimbursable offering costs. As of December 31, 2009, all of the $27.3 million in reimbursable offering costs we had incurred had been reimbursed to the Advisor. As of December 31, 2008, of the $23.7 million in reimbursable offering costs we had incurred, approximately $216,000 had not yet been reimbursed to the Advisor, which have been included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying balance sheet.

Dealer Manager Fees and Broker Dealer Sales Commissions

Pursuant to the Dealer Manager Agreement, we paid a dealer manager fee of up to 2.5% of gross offering proceeds raised pursuant to our public offerings of common stock to the Dealer Manager as compensation for managing the offerings. The Dealer Manager was considered to be a related party as certain indirect owners and employees of the Dealer Manager serve as our executives. The Dealer Manager was permitted to re-allow a portion of such fees to broker dealers who participate in the offerings. We also paid up to a 6.0% sales commission of gross offering proceeds raised pursuant to our public offerings of common stock. Such amounts are considered a cost of raising capital and as such are included as a reduction of additional paid-in capital in the accompanying statement of equity. As of December 31, 2009, all sales commissions paid to the Dealer Manager had been re-allowed to participating broker dealers. We had accrued approximately $361,000 for dealer manager fees and $123,000 for sales commissions for the same period in 2008. As a result of the termination of the primary portion of our public offering, we terminated our dealer manager agreement with the Dealer Manager, an affiliate, for our public offerings. Subsequent to December 31, 2009, we also terminated our dealer manager agreements with the Dealer Manager covering our private offerings.

Fees Paid to the Advisor and Affiliates Related to Our Operating Partnership’s Private Placement Offerings

The following table summarizes costs incurred associated with our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings by us and paid to our Advisor or affiliates of our Advisor. These amounts were accounted for

 

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as deferred loan costs. Such deferred loan costs are included in our balance sheets and amortized to “Interest expense” over the life of the financing obligation (see Note 8 for additional information). As described in Note 8, if our Operating Partnership elects to exercise any purchase option and issue OP Units, the unamortized portion of up-front fees and expense reimbursements paid to affiliates will be recorded against noncontrolling interest as a selling cost of the OP Units. See below for further discussion of each fee described in the below table for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 (amounts in thousands).

 

Reimbursement and Fee Description

   2009    2008    2007

Organization and offering expense reimbursement

   $ 183    $ 963    $ 1,013

Dealer manager fees

     183      963      1,013

Broker dealer sales commissions

     609      3,151      3,262

Facilitator fees

     243      1,284      1,351
                    

Total fees

   $ 1,218    $ 6,361    $ 6,639
                    

Organizational and Offering Cost Reimbursement

Our Advisor was obligated to pay all of the offering and marketing-related costs associated with our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings. However, our Operating Partnership was obligated to pay our Advisor a non-accountable expense allowance, which equaled 1.5% of the gross equity proceeds raised through our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings.

Dealer Manager Fees and Broker Dealer Sales Commissions

We had also entered into a separate dealer manager agreement with the Dealer Manager pursuant to which we paid a dealer manager fee of up to 1.5% of the gross equity proceeds raised through our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings. We also paid the Dealer Manager a sales commission of up to 5.0% of the gross equity proceeds raised through our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings. As of December 31, 2009, all of the sales commissions were re-allowed to participating broker dealers who were responsible for effecting sales.

Facilitator Fees

The Facilitator was responsible for facilitating transactions associated with our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings. The Facilitator was considered a related party as certain indirect owners and employees of the Facilitator serve as our executives. We had entered into an agreement with the Facilitator whereby we paid a transaction facilitation fee of up to 2.0% of the gross equity proceeds raised through our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings.

Other Expense Reimbursements

In addition to the reimbursement of organizational and offering costs, we are also obligated, subject to certain limitations, to reimburse our Advisor for certain other expenses incurred on our behalf for providing services contemplated in the Advisory Agreement (the Advisor utilizes its employees to provide such services and in certain instances that includes our named executive officers) provided that the Advisor does not receive a specific fee for the activities that generate the expenses to be reimbursed. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we incurred approximately $857,000, $729,000 and $431,000, respectively, of these expenses, which we reimbursed to the Advisor. We record these reimbursements as general and administrative expenses in our statements of operations.

Product Specialists

In addition to utilizing its own management team, the Advisor actively seeks to form strategic alliances with recognized leaders in the real estate and investment management industries. These alliances are intended to allow

 

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the Advisor to leverage the organizational infrastructure of experienced real estate developers, operators and investment managers and to potentially give us access to a greater number of real property, debt related and real estate securities investment opportunities. The use of product specialists or other service providers does not eliminate or reduce the Advisor’s fiduciary duty to us. The Advisor retains ultimate responsibility for the performance of all of the matters entrusted to it under the Advisory Agreement.

The Advisor’s product specialists are and will be compensated through a combination of (i) reallowance of acquisition, disposition, asset management and/or other fees paid by us to the Advisor and (ii) potential profit participation in connection with specific portfolio asset(s) identified by them and invested in by us. We may enter into joint ventures or other arrangements with affiliates of the Advisor to acquire, develop and/or manage real properties. As of December 31, 2009, our Advisor had entered into joint venture and/or product specialist arrangements with two current affiliates (Dividend Capital Investments LLC and FundCore LLC) and one former affiliate (DCT Industrial Trust Inc.), as discussed below in more detail.

Dividend Capital Investments LLC

On June 12, 2006, our Advisor entered into a product specialist agreement with Dividend Capital Investments LLC (“DCI”), in connection with investment management services related to our investments in real estate securities assets. Pursuant to this agreement, a portion of the asset management fee that our Advisor receives from us related to securities investments is reallowed to DCI in exchange for services provided.

FundCore LLC

In August 2009, the Advisor entered into a product specialist agreement (the “Debt Advisor PSA”) with FundCore LLC (the “Debt Advisor”), an entity formed by affiliates of Hudson River Partners Real Estate Investment Management L.P. (“HRP”) and certain affiliates of the Advisor. Pursuant to the Debt Advisor PSA, the Debt Advisor has the right to perform acquisition and asset management services with respect to up to $130 million (plus any available leverage) of certain debt investments to be made by us. On August 5, 2009, the Advisor also entered into another product specialist agreement (the “HRP PSA”) with HRP. Pursuant to the HRP PSA, HRP has the right to perform the acquisition and asset management services with respect to up to $20 million (plus any available leverage) of certain debt investments to be made by us.

We amended our advisory agreement with respect to the timing and amount of certain fees paid for acquisition and asset management services related to certain debt investments that will be provided by the Debt Advisor. The following is a summary of fees that will be paid to our Advisor related to the acquisition and management of such debt investments.

Debt Investment Advisory Fees

For debt investments acquired pursuant to the Debt Advisor PSA discussed above, the Advisor will receive an advisory fee equal the sum of:

 

  (i) 1.0% of the relevant debt investment amount,

 

  (ii) any origination or similar fees paid by the applicable borrower at the time the debt investment is made (not to exceed 1.50% of the net debt investment amount), and

 

  (iii) an amount equal to 1.0% per annum of the discounted present value (using a discount rate of 15.0%) of the net debt investment amount (taking into account any anticipated principal amortization) for a period of time equal to the lesser of the term of the debt investment (excluding extension option years) or four years (collectively referred to as the “Initial Term”).

The total advisory fee and acquisition expenses shall not exceed 6.0% of the net debt investment amount. The advisory fee shall be payable on the closing date of the relevant debt investment.

 

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Debt Investment Asset Management Fees

For debt investments acquired pursuant to the Debt Advisor PSA discussed above, the Advisor will receive asset management fees pursuant to the following:

 

  (i) during the first 12 months after the closing of the respective debt investment, the Advisor shall receive a monthly asset management fee consisting of one-twelfth of the total amount, if any, by which the sum of the total acquisition fees and expenses exceeds 6.0% of the relevant net debt investment amount;

 

  (ii) during the balance of the Initial Term, zero; and

 

  (iii) during any period following the Initial Term during which the relevant debt investment is outstanding, the asset management fee will consist of a monthly fee of one-twelfth of 1.0% of the net debt investment amount.

As of December 31, 2009, we had acquired one debt related investment pursuant to our arrangement with the Debt Advisor with a carrying amount of approximately $3.8 million and paid an acquisition fee of approximately $152,000 to our Advisor which was reallowed to FundCore LLC.

DCT Industrial Trust Inc.

Our Advisor has entered into certain product specialist agreements with DCT Industrial Trust Inc. (“DCT”), a former affiliate of ours, in connection with acquisition and asset management services related to our industrial real property investments. Pursuant to these agreements, a portion of the acquisition and asset management fees that our Advisor receives from us related to specific industrial real property investments is reallowed to DCT in exchange for services provided.

In June 2007, DCT Joint Venture I LLC issued a secured $16.0 million, 6.0% interest note, maturing with one balloon payment in July 2014 to DCT. Interest is due monthly on the unpaid balance. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we recognized interest expense from this mortgage note of approximately $962,000, $962,000 and $484,000, respectively.

 

14. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE

Reconciliations of the numerator and denominator used to calculate basic net income (loss) per common share to the numerator and denominator used to calculate diluted net income (loss) per common share for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, are described in the following table (amounts in thousands, except per share information).

 

     2009     2008     2007  

Numerator

      

Net income (loss) for basic earnings per share attributable to common stockholders

   $ (44,785   $ (176,386   $ 11,065   

Dilutive noncontrolling interests share in net loss

     (1,785     (6,216     (3
                        

Numerator for diluted earnings per share — adjusted net income (loss)

   $ (46,570   $ (182,602   $ 11,062   
                        

Denominator

      

Weighted average shares outstanding-basic

     174,006        140,106        85,473   

Incremental weighted average shares effect of conversion of OP units

     7,103        4,427        20   
                        

Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted

     181,109        144,533        85,493   
                        

NET INCOME (LOSS) PER BASIC AND DILUTED COMMON SHARE

   $ (0.26   $ (1.26   $ 0.13   

 

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15. SEGMENT INFORMATION

We have three business segments, which include real property, debt related investments and real estate securities. We organize and analyze the operations and results of each of these segments independently, due to inherently different considerations for each segment. Such considerations include, but are not limited to, the nature and characteristics of the investment, investment strategies and objectives and distinct management of each segment. The following table sets forth components of net operating income (“NOI”) of our segments for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 (amounts in thousands).

 

     Revenues    NOI
     2009    2008    2007    2009    2008    2007

Real property

   $ 141,637    $ 114,747    $ 70,424    $ 104,634    $ 85,126    $ 51,634

Real estate securities

     8,074      17,567      15,691      8,074      17,567      15,691

Debt related investments (1)

     12,222      9,962      8,951      12,222      9,962      8,951
                                         

Total

   $ 161,933    $ 142,276    $ 95,066    $ 124,930    $ 112,655    $ 76,276
                                         

 

(1) Includes operating results from our investment in an unconsolidated joint venture.

We consider NOI to be an appropriate supplemental financial performance measure, because NOI reflects the specific operating performance of our real properties, debt related investments and real estate securities, and excludes certain items that are not considered to be controllable in connection with the management of each property, such as interest income, depreciation and amortization, general and administrative expenses, asset management fees, interest expense and noncontrolling interests. However, NOI should not be viewed as an alternative measure of our financial performance as a whole, since it does exclude such items that could materially impact our results of operations. Further, our NOI may not be comparable to that of other real estate companies, as they may use different methodologies for calculating NOI. Therefore, we believe net income, as defined by GAAP, to be the most appropriate measure to evaluate our overall financial performance.

The following table is a reconciliation of our NOI to our reported net income (loss) from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 (amounts in thousands).

 

     2009     2008     2007  

Net operating income

   $ 124,930      $ 112,655      $ 76,276   

Interest and other income

     2,895        11,996        11,927   

Depreciation and amortization expense

     (57,834     (52,313     (31,358

General and administrative expenses

     (5,079     (4,232     (3,784

Asset management fees, related party

     (12,939     (11,599     (8,707

Interest expense

     (55,640     (45,151     (33,600

Acquisition-related expenses, net of other gains

     (4,936     -        -   

Loss on derivatives

     (7,998     (11,673     (557

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     -        9,309        -   

Other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (13,141     (192,724     -   

Provision for loss on debt related investments

     (17,339     -        -   

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

     2,296        7,346        868   
                        

Net income (loss)

   $ (44,785   $ (176,386   $ 11,065   
                        

 

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The following table reflects our total assets by business segment as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

     2009    2008

Segment assets:

     

Net investments in real property

   $ 1,539,408    $ 1,361,301

Investments in real estate securities

     72,686      52,368

Debt related investments, net (1)

     157,898      106,381
             

Total segment assets, net

     1,769,992      1,520,050

Non-segment assets:

     

Cash and cash equivalents

     514,786      540,213

Other non-segment assets (2)

     78,213      63,315
             

Total assets

   $ 2,362,991    $ 2,123,578
             

 

(1) Includes our investment in an unconsolidated joint venture. See Note 6.

 

(2) Other non-segment assets primarily consist of corporate assets including restricted cash and certain loan costs, including loan costs associated with our financing obligations.

 

16. INCOME TAXES

We operate in a manner intended to qualify for treatment as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income taxation at the corporate level to the extent we distribute 100% of our REIT taxable income annually, as defined in the Code, to our stockholders and satisfy other requirements. To continue to qualify as a REIT for federal tax purposes, we must distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income annually. No material provisions have been made for federal income taxes in the accompanying financial statements. The tax years 2006 through 2009 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to which we are subject.

 

17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

We and our Operating Partnership are not presently involved in any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us or our investments. We and our investments are, from time to time, subject to routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. We believe the costs, if any, incurred by our Operating Partnership and by us related to routine litigation will not materially affect our financial position, operating results or liquidity.

Environmental Matters

A majority of the properties we acquire are subjected to environmental reviews either by us or the previous owners. In addition, we may incur environmental remediation costs associated with certain land parcels we may acquire in connection with the development of the land. We have acquired certain properties in urban and industrial areas that may have been leased to or previously owned by commercial and industrial companies that discharged hazardous materials. We may purchase various environmental insurance policies to mitigate our exposure to environmental liabilities. We are not aware of any environmental liability that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

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18. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)

The following table presents selected unaudited quarterly financial data for each quarter during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands, except per share information).

 

     For the Quarter Ended     For the Year
Ended
December 31,
2009
 
     March 31,
2009
    June 30,
2009
    September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2009
   

Rental revenue

   $ 33,641      $ 36,271      $ 35,950      $ 35,775      $ 141,637   

Securities income

     3,700        1,429        1,499        1,446        8,074   

Debt related income

     1,660        1,711        3,098        3,543        10,012   
                                        

Total revenue

     39,001        39,411        40,547        40,764        159,723   

Total operating expenses

     (29,295     (30,191     (27,335     (30,970     (117,791

Other income (expense)

     (10,236     (28,443     (19,988     (30,346     (89,013
                                        

Net loss

     (530     (19,223     (6,776     (20,552     (47,081

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

     203        846        326        921        2,296   
                                        

NET LOSS ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

   $ (327   $ (18,377   $ (6,450   $ (19,631   $ (44,785
                                        

NET LOSS PER BASIC AND DILUTED COMMON SHARE

   $ -      $ (0.11   $ (0.04   $ (0.11   $ (0.26
     For the Quarter Ended     For the Year
Ended
December 31,
2008
 
     March 31,
2008
    June 30,
2008
    September 30,
2008
    December 31,
2008
   

Rental revenue

   $ 28,212      $ 27,014      $ 27,500      $ 32,021      $ 114,747   

Securities income

     4,582        4,040        4,137        4,808        17,567   

Debt related income

     2,394        2,592        2,453        1,937        9,376   
                                        

Total revenue

     35,188        33,646        34,090        38,766        141,690   

Total operating expenses

     (23,540     (23,964     (23,728     (26,533     (97,765

Other income (expense)

     (35,014     (47,006     (20,527     (125,110     (227,657
                                        

Net loss

     (23,366     (37,324     (10,165     (112,877     (183,732

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

     803        1,222        699        4,622        7,346   
                                        

NET LOSS ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

   $ (22,563   $ (36,102   $ (9,466   $ (108,255   $ (176,386
                                        

NET LOSS PER BASIC AND DILUTED COMMON SHARE

   $ (0.19   $ (0.27   $ (0.06   $ (0.68   $ (1.26

 

19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Beginning in the second quarter 2009, GAAP requires an entity to disclose events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (“subsequent events”) as well as the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events. There are two types of subsequent events. The first type consists of events or transactions that provide additional evidence about conditions that existed at the date of the balance sheet, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing financial statements (“recognized subsequent events”). The second type consists of events that provide evidence about conditions that did not exist at the date of the balance sheet but arose subsequent to that date (“nonrecognized subsequent events”).

We have evaluated subsequent events for the period from December 31, 2009, the date of these financial statements, through the date these financial statements are issued. No significant recognized or nonrecognized subsequent events were noted.

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.:

Under date of March 22, 2010, we reported on the consolidated balance sheets of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. (the Company) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009. In connection with our audits of the aforementioned consolidated financial statements, we also audited the related consolidated financial statement schedule, Schedule III — Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation (Schedule III). Schedule III is the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on Schedule III based on our audits.

In our opinion, Schedule III — Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Denver, Colorado

March 22, 2010

 

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Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust

Schedule 3

As of December 31, 2009

 

Property

  Market   No. of
Buildings
  Mortgage
Notes
  Initial Cost to Company   Cost
Capitalized
or
Adjustments
Subsequent
to
Acquisition
(4)
    Gross Amount Carried at
December 31, 2009
  Accumu-
lated
Depre-

ciation
(3)
  Acqui-
sition
Date
  Depre-
ciable
Life
(years)
        Land   Building
and
Improve-

ments (1)
  Total
Costs
    Land   Building
and
Improve-

ments (1)
  Total
Costs

(2, 3)
     

Office Properties

                         

Jay Street

  Silicon Valley, CA   3   $ 23,500   $ 13,858   $ 22,132   $ 35,990   $ 472      $ 13,858   $ 22,604   $ 36,462   $ 4,235   6/28/06   2-40

Bala Pointe

  Philadelphia, PA   1     24,000     10,115     27,523     37,638     (194     10,115     27,329     37,444     5,800   8/28/06   1-40

Lundy Avenue

  Silicon Valley, CA   3     14,250     5,982     15,459     21,441     114        5,982     15,573     21,555     2,137   9/28/06   10-40

Shiloh Road

  Dallas, TX   3     22,700     5,165     30,192     35,357     5        5,165     30,197     35,362     3,595   12/21/06   10-40

40 Boulevard

  Chicago, IL   1     9,700     2,611     7,797     10,408     4,520        2,611     12,317     14,928     3,271   1/24/07   1-40

Washington Commons

  Chicago, IL   10     21,300     9,019     16,641     25,660     2,317        9,019     18,958     27,977     5,255   2/1/07   1-40

Shackleford

  Little Rock, AR   1     13,650     2,900     18,792     21,692     28        2,900     18,820     21,720     1,815   3/20/07   14-40

Fortune Concourse

  Silicon Valley, CA   5     46,500     16,380     31,937     48,317     10,191        16,380     42,128     58,508     8,527   5/17/07   1-40

California Circle

  Silicon Valley, CA   2     6,899     3,659     10,863     14,522     110        3,659     10,973     14,632     3,697   7/10/07   3-40

Joyce Blvd

  Little Rock, AR   1     -     2,699     8,996     11,695     -        2,699     8,996     11,695     788   9/28/07   10-40

DeGuigne

  Silicon Valley, CA   1     9,236     5,841     13,861     19,702     83        5,841     13,944     19,785     2,655   11/21/07   3-40

Millennium

  Denver, CO   1     33,638     1,002     51,527     52,529     117        1,002     51,644     52,646     3,499   10/1/08   4-40

Eden Prairie (ATK)

  Minneapolis/St Paul, MN   1     14,960     3,538     25,865     29,403     -        3,538     25,865     29,403     1,168   10/3/08   14-40

Austin-Mueller Healthcare

  Austin, TX   1     22,235     2,663     42,315     44,978     -        2,663     42,315     44,978     1,622   12/23/08   11-40

1300 Connecticut

  Washington, DC   1     36,267     25,177     41,250     66,427     59        25,177     41,309     66,486     2,726   3/10/09   1-40

Campus Road Office Center

  Princeton, NJ   1     -     5,302     45,772     51,074     -        5,302     45,772     51,074     306   11/3/09   13-40

Preston Sherry Plaza

  Dallas, TX   1     21,503     7,500     22,319     29,819     -        7,500     22,319     29,819     -   12/16/09   1-40

Park Place

  Dallas, TX   1     -     4,075     19,629     23,704     -        4,075     19,629     23,704     -   12/16/09   1-40
                                                                 

Total Office and Office/R&D Properties

    38   $ 320,338   $ 127,486   $ 452,870   $ 580,356   $ 17,822      $ 127,486   $ 470,692   $ 598,178   $ 51,096    

 

F-50


Table of Contents

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust—(Continued)

Schedule 3

As of December 31, 2009

 

Property

 

Market

  No. of
Buildings
  Mortgage
Notes
  Initial Cost to Company   Cost
Capitalized
or
Adjustments
Subsequent
to

Acquisition
(4)
    Gross Amount Carried at
December 31, 2009
  Accumu-
lated
Depre-

ciation
(3)
  Acqui-
sition
Date
  Depre-
ciable
Life

(years)
        Land   Building
and
Improve-

ments (1)
  Total
Costs
    Land   Building
and
Improve-

ments (1)
  Total
Costs

(2, 3)
     

Industrial Properties

                         

Rickenbacker

  Columbus, OH   1   $ 7,370   $ 1,249   $ 13,308   $ 14,557   $ 564      $ 1,249   $ 13,872   $ 15,121   $ 2,714   10/16/06   3-40

Park West Q

  Cincinnati, OH   1     5,495     1,653     9,362     11,015     235        1,653     9,597     11,250     1,738   10/16/06   6-40

Eagle Creek East

  Minneapolis/St Paul, MN   1     4,574     1,644     7,511     9,155     75        1,644     7,586     9,230     1,318   10/16/06   5-40

Minnesota Valley III

  Minneapolis/St Paul, MN   1     6,482     2,223     12,463     14,686     7        2,223     12,470     14,693     1,960   10/31/06   5-40

Park West L

  Cincinnati, OH   1     3,817     902     7,393     8,295     15        902     7,408     8,310     1,263   10/31/06   4-40

Eagle Creek West

  Minneapolis/St Paul, MN   1     5,182     1,910     8,273     10,183     386        1,910     8,659     10,569     1,252   10/31/06   2-40

Pencader

  Philadelphia, PA   1     6,050     2,516     5,392     7,908     174        2,516     5,566     8,082     824   12/6/06   2-40

Hanson Way Dist. Ctr

  Silicon Valley, CA   1     19,150     5,544     19,873     25,417     (113     5,544     19,760     25,304     2,947   12/7/06   6-40

Marine Drive

  Charlotte, NC   1     14,800     2,037     19,011     21,048     72        2,037     19,083     21,120     3,064   12/8/06   10-40

Old Silver Spring

  Philadelphia, PA   1     4,700     1,305     4,757     6,062     112        1,305     4,869     6,174     746   12/8/06   2-40

Southfield

  Atlanta, GA   1     5,280     1,280     5,397     6,677     55        1,280     5,452     6,732     870   3/20/07   3-40

Veterans

  Chicago, IL   1     9,200     2,121     10,987     13,108     50        2,121     11,037     13,158     1,621   3/26/07   5-40

Commerce Center

  Central PA   1     25,820     5,939     28,970     34,909     22        5,939     28,992     34,931     3,530   3/26/07   4-40

Patriot Drive I

  Dallas, TX   1     4,625     1,034     5,548     6,582     152        1,034     5,700     6,734     977   3/28/07   1-40

Patriot Drive II

  Dallas, TX   1     18,375     3,166     23,072     26,238     664        3,166     23,736     26,902     3,495   3/28/07   1-40

Plainfield III

  Indianapolis, IN   1     12,000     2,101     18,424     20,525     1,127        2,101     19,551     21,652     3,036   3/28/07   2-40

Logistics Boulevard

  Cincinnati, OH   1     16,042     2,725     28,878     31,603     -        2,725     28,878     31,603     3,278   6/15/07   9-40

Creekside V

  Columbus, OH   1     4,725     764     5,628     6,392     -        764     5,628     6,392     780   6/15/07   8-40

Midpoint Drive

  Kansas City, KS   1     5,157     1,176     7,975     9,151     1,147        1,176     9,122     10,298     1,215   6/15/07   3-40

Greenwood Parkway

  Atlanta, GA   1     -     2,040     20,830     22,870     76        2,040     20,906     22,946     2,126   10/29/07   10-40

Westport

  Central PA   1     10,590     2,376     27,081     29,457     -        2,376     27,081     29,457     2,529   1/9/08   3-40

6900 Riverport

  Louisville, KY   1     1,928     751     4,132     4,883     62        751     4,194     4,945     298   9/17/08   1-40

7000 Riverport

  Louisville, KY   1     2,993     1,124     6,821     7,945     91        1,124     6,912     8,036     552   9/17/08   1-40

7050 Riverport

  Louisville, KY   1     1,641     672     3,862     4,534     8        672     3,870     4,542     302   9/17/08   5-40

7100 Riverport

  Louisville, KY   1     2,637     758     5,331     6,089     13        758     5,344     6,102     379   9/17/08   7-40

7201 Riverport

  Louisville, KY   1     3,082     1,130     6,614     7,744     32        1,130     6,646     7,776     422   9/17/08   3-40
                                                                 

Total Industrial Properties

    26   $ 201,715   $ 50,140   $ 316,893   $ 367,033   $ 5,026      $ 50,140   $ 321,919   $ 372,059   $ 43,236    

 

F-51


Table of Contents

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust—(Continued)

Schedule 3

As of December 31, 2009

 

Property

 

Market

  No. of
Buildings
  Mortgage
Notes
  Initial Cost to Company   Cost
Capitalized
or
Adjustments
Subsequent
to

Acquisition
(4)
    Gross Amount Carried at
December 31, 2009
  Accumu-
lated
Depre-

ciation
(3)
  Acqui-
sition
Date
  Depre-
ciable
Life

(years)
        Land   Building
and
Improve-

ments (1)
  Total
Costs
    Land   Building
and
Improve-

ments (1)
  Total
Costs

(2, 3)
     

Retail Properties

                         

Bandera Road

  San Antonio, TX   1   $ 21,500   $ 8,221   $ 23,471   $ 31,692   $ 175      $ 8,221   $ 23,646   $ 31,867   $ 2,717   2/1/07   1-40

Beaver Creek

  Raleigh, NC   1     26,200     13,017     32,276     45,293     (272     13,017     32,004     45,021     3,296   5/11/07   1-40

Centerton Square

  Philadelphia, PA   1     67,800     26,487     76,896     103,383     110        26,487     77,006     103,493     8,395   5/11/07   2-40

Mt. Nebo

  Pittsburgh, PA   1     16,000     9,371     16,301     25,672     (2,408     9,371     13,893     23,264     316   5/11/07   2-40

CB Square

  Jacksonville, FL   1     -     3,768     16,660     20,428     (983     3,768     15,677     19,445     1,243   6/27/07   2-40

Braintree

  New England   1     -     9,270     31,266     40,536     (196     9,270     31,070     40,340     4,209   8/1/07   2-40

Holbrook

  New England   1     -     4,590     14,724     19,314     185        4,590     14,909     19,499     1,972   8/1/07   1-40

Kingston

  New England   1     10,574     8,580     12,600     21,180     227        8,580     12,827     21,407     2,027   8/1/07   1-40

Manomet

  New England   1     -     1,890     6,480     8,370     215        1,890     6,695     8,585     878   8/1/07   2-40

Orleans

  New England   1     14,923     8,780     23,682     32,462     2        8,780     23,684     32,464     2,159   8/1/07   1-40

Sandwich

  New England   1     15,825     7,380     25,786     33,166     17        7,380     25,803     33,183     2,357   8/1/07   1-40

Wareham

  New England   1     24,400     13,130     27,107     40,237     113        13,130     27,220     40,350     3,050   8/1/07   1-40

Whitman 682 Bedford

  New England   1     -     1,830     4,443     6,273     (121     1,830     4,322     6,152     528   8/1/07   2-40

Abington

  New England   1     5,075     14,396     594     14,990     -        14,396     594     14,990     187   8/1/07   8-40

Hyannis

  New England   1     5,026     10,405     917     11,322     -        10,405     917     11,322     138   8/1/07   18-40

Rockland 201 Market

  New England   1     -     2,417     86     2,503     -        2,417     86     2,503     46   8/1/07   4-40

Mansfield

  New England   1     9,386     5,340     16,490     21,830     -        5,340     16,490     21,830     1,223   8/1/07   15-40

Meriden

  New England   1     13,060     6,560     22,013     28,573     -        6,560     22,013     28,573     1,721   8/1/07   12-40

Weymouth

  New England   1     -     5,170     19,396     24,566     -        5,170     19,396     24,566     2,310   8/1/07   4-40

Whitman 475 Bedford Street

  New England   1     7,943     3,610     11,682     15,292     -        3,610     11,682     15,292     895   8/1/07   16-40

Brockton Eastway Plaza

  New England   1     -     2,530     2,074     4,604     86        2,530     2,160     4,690     579   8/1/07   1-40

Cohasset

  New England   1     -     3,920     7,766     11,686     66        3,920     7,832     11,752     1,041   8/1/07   1-40

Cranston

  New England   1     -     1,810     4,241     6,051     (28     1,810     4,213     6,023     1,542   8/1/07   1-40

Hanover

  New England   1     -     1,490     5,109     6,599     (60     1,490     5,049     6,539     798   8/1/07   1-40

Rockland 360-372 Market

  New England   1     -     1,200     2,437     3,637     -        1,200     2,437     3,637     494   8/1/07   2-40

Brockton Westgate Plaza

  New England   1     -     3,650     6,507     10,157     -        3,650     6,507     10,157     1,485   8/1/07   2-40

North Hanover

  New England   1     -     1,380     2,364     3,744     28        1,380     2,392     3,772     167   8/1/07   1-40

Harwich

  New England   1     6,758     5,290     8,814     14,104     -        5,290     8,814     14,104     578   10/18/07   21-40

New Bedford

  New England   1     9,270     3,790     11,152     14,942     -        3,790     11,152     14,942     719   10/18/07   22-40

Norwell

  New England   1     7,703     5,850     14,547     20,397     -        5,850     14,547     20,397     1,011   10/18/07   15-40

Palm Beach Restaurant

  Palm Beach, FL   1     49     1,800     1,516     3,316     -        1,800     1,516     3,316     47   9/17/08   40

New Orleans Restaurant

  New Orleans, LA   1     2,286     630     2,818     3,448     -        630     2,818     3,448     88   9/17/08   40

Columbus Restaurant

  Columbus, OH   1     2,094     1,100     2,069     3,169     -        1,100     2,069     3,169     65   9/17/08   40

Tampa Bay Restaurant

  Tampa Bay, FL   1     2,018     1,880     1,067     2,947     -        1,880     1,067     2,947     33   9/17/08   40

Greater DC Retail

  Washington, DC   1     37,671     19,781     42,515     62,296     1        19,781     42,515     62,296     3,518   4/6/09   1-40
                                                                 

Total Retail Properties

    35   $ 305,561   $ 220,313   $ 497,866   $ 718,179   $ (2,843   $ 220,313   $ 495,022   $ 715,335   $ 51,832    
                                                                 

Total

    99   $ 827,614   $ 397,939   $ 1,267,629   $ 1,665,568   $ 20,005      $ 397,939   $ 1,287,633   $ 1,685,572   $ 146,164    
                                                                 

 

F-52


Table of Contents

 

(1) Building and improvements include intangible lease assets.

 

(2) As of December 31, 2009, the aggregate cost for federal income tax purposes of investments in real property was approximately $1.6 billion.

 

(3) A summary of activity for real estate and accumulated depreciation for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 (amounts in thousands).

 

(4) Amount is presented net of write-offs of tenant related assets that were recorded at acquisition as part of our purchase price accounting. Such write-offs are the results of lease expirations and terminations.

 

     2009    2008    2007

Investments in real estate:

        

Balance at the beginning of the year

   $ 1,449,109    $ 1,215,291    $ 259,222

Additions through cash expenditures

     231,318      226,177      951,021

Improvements

     5,145      7,641      5,048
                    

Balance at the end of the year

   $ 1,685,572    $ 1,449,109    $ 1,215,291
                    

Accumulated depreciation:

        

Balance at the beginning of the year

   $ 87,808    $ 35,616    $ 2,591

Additions charged to costs and expenses

     58,356      52,192      33,025
                    

Balance at the end of the year

   $ 146,164    $ 87,808    $ 35,616
                    

 

F-53


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on March 22, 2010.

 

DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.
By:  

/S/    GUY M. ARNOLD      

Name:   Guy M. Arnold
Title:   President

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated and on March 22, 2010.

 

Signature

  

Title

/S/    GUY M. ARNOLD        

Guy M. Arnold

  

President (principal executive officer)

/S/    JOHN A. BLUMBERG        

John A. Blumberg

  

Chairman of the Board and Director

/S/    CHARLES B. DUKE        

Charles B. Duke

  

Director

/S/    DANIEL J. SULLIVAN        

Daniel J. Sullivan

  

Director

/S/    JOHN P. WOODBERRY        

John P. Woodberry

   Director

/S/    M. KIRK SCOTT        

M. Kirk Scott

   Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)