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EXCEL - IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT - CVS HEALTH CorpFinancial_Report.xls
10-K - FORM 10-K - CVS HEALTH Corpd10k.htm
EX-21 - SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT - CVS HEALTH Corpdex21.htm
EX-31.2 - CERTIFICATION OF CFO PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 - CVS HEALTH Corpdex312.htm
EX-32.1 - CERTIFICATION OF CEO PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 - CVS HEALTH Corpdex321.htm
EX-32.2 - CERTIFICATION OF CFO PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 - CVS HEALTH Corpdex322.htm
EX-23.1 - CONSENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP - CVS HEALTH Corpdex231.htm
EX-31.1 - CERTIFICATION OF CEO PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 - CVS HEALTH Corpdex311.htm
EX-10.36 - FORM OF NON-QUALIFIED STOCK OPTION AGREEMENTS - CVS HEALTH Corpdex1036.htm
EX-10.37 - FORM OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AGREEMENT - CVS HEALTH Corpdex1037.htm
EX-10.40 - PARTNERSHIP EQUITY PROGRAM - CVS HEALTH Corpdex1040.htm
EX-10.38 - CVS CAREMARK LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PLAN - CVS HEALTH Corpdex1038.htm
EX-10.39 - SEPARATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE REGISTRANT AND EVP OF CAREMARK - CVS HEALTH Corpdex1039.htm

Exhibit 13

 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements that are included in this Annual Report.

Overview of Our Business

CVS Caremark Corporation (“CVS Caremark”, the “Company”, “we” or “us”) is the largest pharmacy health care provider in the United States. As a fully integrated pharmacy services company, we believe we can drive value for our customers by effectively managing pharmaceutical costs and improving health care outcomes through our pharmacy benefit management, mail order and specialty pharmacy division, Caremark Pharmacy Services®; approximately 7,000 CVS/pharmacy® retail stores; our retail-based health clinic subsidiary, MinuteClinic®; and our online pharmacy, CVS.com®.

In March 2007, we completed our merger with Caremark Rx, Inc. (the “Caremark Merger”). Following the Caremark Merger, we changed our name to CVS Caremark Corporation and Caremark Rx, Inc. became a wholly-owned subsidiary, Caremark Rx, L.L.C. (“Caremark”). The Caremark Merger brought together the nation’s largest retail pharmacy chain and a leading pharmacy benefit manager. We believe the Caremark Merger has uniquely positioned our Company to deliver significant benefits to health plan sponsors through effective cost management solutions and innovative programs that engage plan members and promote healthier and more cost-effective behaviors. In addition, the Caremark Merger has enhanced our ability to offer plan members and consumers expanded choice, greater access and more personalized services.

In 2009, we made changes to our reportable segments to reflect changes that were made to the way our management evaluates the performance of operations, develops strategy and allocates resources. This change involves recording certain administrative expenses previously recorded within the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments in a new Corporate segment. The Corporate segment consists of costs primarily associated with executive management, corporate relations, legal, compliance, human resources, corporate information technology and finance. This change had no impact on our consolidated results of operations. As a result of this change, the Company has three segments: Pharmacy Services, Retail Pharmacy and Corporate. Our historical segment disclosures have been revised to conform to the current presentation.

 

We also made a change to our Pharmacy Services segment as it relates to our intersegment activities (such as the Maintenance Choice® program). This change impacts the gross profit and operating profit lines within the Pharmacy Services segment. Under the Maintenance Choice program, eligible members and plan sponsors can elect to pick up their maintenance prescriptions at Retail Pharmacy segment stores instead of receiving them through the mail. When this occurs, both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments now record the revenue, gross profit and operating profit on a standalone basis and corresponding intersegment eliminations are made. This change had no impact on our consolidated results of operations.

Overview of Our Pharmacy Services Segment

Our Pharmacy Services business provides a full range of pharmacy benefit management (“PBM”) services including mail order pharmacy services, specialty pharmacy services, plan design and administration, formulary management and claims processing. Our clients are primarily employers, insurance companies, unions, government employee groups, managed care organizations and other sponsors of health benefit plans and individuals throughout the United States.

As a pharmacy benefits manager, we manage the dispensing of pharmaceuticals through our mail order pharmacies and national network of approximately 64,000 retail pharmacies (which include our CVS/pharmacy and Longs Drugs® stores) to eligible members in the benefit plans maintained by our clients and utilize our information systems to perform, among other things, safety checks, drug interaction screenings and brand to generic substitutions.

Our specialty pharmacies support individuals that require complex and expensive drug therapies. Our specialty pharmacy business includes mail order and retail specialty pharmacies that operate under the Caremark® and CarePlus CVS/pharmacy™ names. Substantially all of our mail service specialty pharmacies have been accredited by The Joint Commission.

We also provide health management programs, which include integrated disease management for 27 conditions, through our strategic alliance with Alere LLC and our Accordant® health management offering. The majority of these integrated programs are accredited by the National Committee for Quality Assurance.


 

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In addition, through our SilverScript Insurance Company (“SilverScript”) and Accendo Insurance Company (“Accendo”) subsidiaries, we are a national provider of drug benefits to eligible beneficiaries under the Federal Government’s Medicare Part D program. The Company acquired Accendo in the Longs Acquisition (defined later in this document), and, effective January 1, 2009, Accendo replaced RxAmerica® as the Medicare-approved prescription drug plan for the RxAmerica Medicare Part D drug benefit plans.

Our Pharmacy Services segment generates net revenues primarily by contracting with clients to provide prescription drugs to plan members. Prescription drugs are dispensed by our mail order pharmacies, specialty pharmacies and national network of retail pharmacies. Net revenues are also generated by providing additional services to clients, including administrative services such as claims processing and formulary management, as well as health care related services such as disease management.

The Pharmacy Services segment operates under the Caremark Pharmacy Services®, Caremark, CVS Caremark™, CarePlus CVS/pharmacy, CarePlus™, RxAmerica Accordant Care™ and TheraCom® names. As of December 31, 2009, the Pharmacy Services segment operated 49 retail specialty pharmacy stores, 18 specialty mail order pharmacies and six mail service pharmacies located in 25 states, Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia.

Overview of Our Retail Pharmacy Segment

Our Retail Pharmacy segment sells prescription drugs and a wide assortment of general merchandise, including over-the-counter drugs, beauty products and cosmetics, photo finishing, seasonal merchandise, greeting cards and convenience foods through our CVS/pharmacy and Longs Drug retail stores and online through CVS.com.

CVS/pharmacy is one of the nation’s largest retail pharmacy chains. With more than 40 years of dynamic growth in the retail pharmacy industry, the Retail Pharmacy segment generates more than two-thirds of its revenue from prescription sales and is committed to providing superior customer service by being the easiest pharmacy retailer for customers to use.

Our Retail Pharmacy segment also provides health care services through our MinuteClinic health care clinics. MinuteClinics are staffed by nurse practitioners and physician assistants who utilize nationally recognized protocols to diagnose and treat minor health conditions, perform health screenings and deliver vaccinations. We believe our clinics provide quality services that are quick, affordable and convenient.

 

Our proprietary loyalty card program, ExtraCare®, has well over 64 million active cardholders, making it one of the largest and most successful retail loyalty card programs in the country.

Effective October 20, 2008, we acquired Longs Drug Stores Corporation, which included 529 retail drug stores (the “Longs Drug Stores”), RxAmerica, LLC (“RxAmerica”), provides pharmacy benefit management services and Medicare Part D benefits, and other related assets (the “Longs Acquisition”).

As of December 31, 2009, our Retail Pharmacy segment included 7,025 retail drugstores (of which 6,964 operated a pharmacy) located in 41 states and the District of Columbia operating primarily under the CVS/pharmacy® or Longs Drug® names, our online retail website, CVS.com® and 569 retail health care clinics operating under the MinuteClinic® name (of which 557 were located in CVS/pharmacy stores).

Overview of Our Corporate Segment

The Corporate segment provides management and administrative services to support the Company. The Corporate segment consists of certain aspects of our executive management, corporate relations, legal, compliance, human resources, corporate information technology and finance departments.

Results of Operations

Fiscal Year Change - On December 23, 2008, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a change in the Company’s fiscal year end from the Saturday nearest December 31 of each year to December 31 of each year to better reflect the Company’s position in the health care, rather than the retail, industry. The fiscal year change was effective beginning with the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.

As you review our operating performance, please consider the impact of the fiscal year change as set forth below:

 

Fiscal
Year

  Fiscal Year-End   Fiscal Period   Fiscal Period
Includes
2009   December 31, 2009   January 1, 2009 -
December 31, 2009
  365 days
2008   December 31, 2008   December 30, 2007 -
December 31, 2008
  368 days
2007   December 29, 2007   December 31, 2006 -
December 29, 2007
  364 days

Unless otherwise noted, all references to years relate to the above fiscal years.


 

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Summary of our Consolidated Financial Results

 

     Fiscal Year

In millions, except per common share amounts

   2009     2008     2007

Net revenues

   $ 98,729      $ 87,472      $ 76,330

Gross profit

     20,380        18,290        16,108

Operating expenses

     13,942        12,244        11,314
                      

Operating profit

     6,438        6,046        4,794

Interest expense, net

     525        509        435
                      

Income before income tax provision

     5,913        5,537        4,359

Income tax provision

     2,205        2,193        1,722
                      

Income from continuing operations

     3,708        3,344        2,637

Loss from discontinued operations,
net of income tax benefit

     (12     (132     —  
                      

Net income

   $ 3,696      $ 3,212      $ 2,637
                      

Diluted earnings per common share:

      

Income from continuing operations

   $ 2.56      $ 2.27      $ 1.92

Loss from discontinued operations

     (0.01     (0.09     —  
                      

Net income

   $ 2.55      $ 2.18      $ 1.92
                      

 

Net revenues increased $11.3 billion and $11.1 billion during 2009 and 2008, respectively. As you review our performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

 

During 2009, the Longs Acquisition increased net revenues by $6.6 billion, compared to 2008.

 

 

Three fewer days in the 2009 fiscal year negatively impacted net revenues by $671 million, compared to 2008.

 

 

During 2008, the Longs Acquisition increased net revenues by $1.1 billion, compared to 2007. 2008 includes net revenues from the Longs Drug Stores and RxAmerica from the acquisition date (October 20, 2008) forward.

 

 

Four additional days in the 2008 fiscal year increased net revenues by $1.1 billion, compared to 2007.

 

 

During 2008, the Caremark Merger increased net revenues by $6.9 billion (net of intersegment eliminations of $1.0 billion), compared to 2007. 2008 includes a full year of net revenues from Caremark, compared to 2007, which includes net revenues from Caremark from the merger date (March 22, 2007) forward.

Please see the Segment Analysis later in this document for additional information about our net revenues.

 

Gross profit increased $2.1 billion and $2.2 billion during 2009 and 2008, respectively. As you review our performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

 

During 2009, the Longs Acquisition increased gross profit dollars by $1.1 billion, but negatively impacted our gross profit rate compared to 2008.

 

 

Three fewer days in the 2009 fiscal year, negatively impacted gross profit by $146 million, compared to 2008.

 

 

During 2008, the Caremark Merger increased gross profit by approximately $553 million, compared to 2007. 2008 includes a full year of gross profit from Caremark, compared to 2007, which includes gross profit from Caremark from the merger date (March 22, 2007) forward.

 

 

During 2008, the Longs Acquisition increased gross profit by $314 million, compared to 2007. 2008 includes gross profit from the Longs Drug Stores and RxAmerica from the acquisition date (October 20, 2008) forward.

 

 

Four additional days in the 2008 fiscal year increased gross profit by $238 million, compared to 2007.

 

 

During 2008 and 2007, our gross profit benefited from significant purchasing synergies from the Caremark Merger.

 

 

In addition, our gross profit continued to benefit from the increased utilization of generic drugs (which normally yield a higher gross profit rate than equivalent brand name drugs) in both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments.


 

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Please see the Segment Analysis later in this document for additional information about our gross profit.

Operating expenses increased $1.7 billion and $930 million during 2009 and 2008, respectively. As you review our performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

 

During 2009, the Longs Acquisition increased operating expenses by $1.0 billion, but positively impacted our operating expense rate as a percentage of net revenues compared to 2008.

 

 

Three fewer days in the 2009 fiscal year, positively impacted operating expenses by $97 million, compared to 2008.

 

 

During 2008, the Caremark Merger increased operating expenses by approximately $92 million, compared to 2007. 2008 includes a full year of operating expenses from Caremark, compared to 2007, which includes operating expenses from Caremark from the merger date (March 22, 2007) forward.

 

 

During 2008, the Longs Acquisition increased operating expenses by $260 million, compared to 2007. 2008 includes operating expenses from the Longs Drug Stores and RxAmerica from the acquisition date (October 20, 2008) forward.

 

 

Four additional days in the 2008 fiscal year increased operating expenses by $146 million, compared to 2007.

Please see the Segment Analysis later in this document for additional information about operating expenses.

Interest expense, net consisted of the following:

 

In millions

   2009     2008     2007  

Interest expense

   $ 530      $ 530      $ 468   

Interest income

     (5     (21     (33
                        

Interest expense, net

   $ 525      $ 509      $ 435   
                        

During 2009, net interest expense increased by $16 million, compared to 2008, due primarily to lower interest income associated with our temporary investments.

During 2008, net interest expense increased by $74 million, compared to 2007, due to a combination of higher interest rates and an increase in our average debt balance, which resulted primarily from the borrowings used to fund an accelerated share repurchase program and the Longs Acquisition.

 

Income tax provision - Our effective income tax rate was 37.3% in 2009, 39.6% in 2008 and 39.5% in 2007.

During 2009, the decrease in the effective income tax rate was due to the recognition of approximately $167 million of previously unrecognized tax benefits (including accrued interest) relating to the expiration of various statutes of limitation and settlements with tax authorities. Excluding the impact of the recognition of previously unrecognized tax benefits for 2009, the effective income tax rate for 2009 would have been approximately 40.1%.

Income from continuing operations increased $364 million or 10.9% to $3.7 billion (or $2.56 per diluted share) in 2009. This compares to $3.3 billion (or $2.27 per diluted share) in 2008 and $2.6 billion (or $1.92 per diluted share) in 2007.

Loss from discontinued operations - In connection with certain business dispositions completed between 1991 and 1997, the Company continues to guarantee store lease obligations for a number of former subsidiaries, including Linens ‘n Things. On May 2, 2008, Linens Holding Co. and certain affiliates, which operate Linens ‘n Things, filed voluntary petitions under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. The Company’s loss from discontinued operations includes $12 million ($19 million, net of a $7 million income tax benefit) and $132 million ($214 million, net of an $82 million income tax benefit) of lease-related costs for 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Net income increased $484 million or 15.1% to $3.7 billion (or $2.55 per diluted share) in 2009. This compares to $3.2 billion (or $2.18 per diluted share) in 2008 and $2.6 billion (or $1.92 per diluted share) in 2007. Net income for 2009 benefited from the $167 million income tax benefit described above.


 

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Segment Analysis

We evaluate the performance of our Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments based on net revenues, gross profit and operating profit before the effect of certain intersegment activities and charges. The Company evaluates the performance of its Corporate segment based on operating expenses before the effect of discontinued operations and certain intersegment activities and charges. The following is a reconciliation of the Company’s business segments to the consolidated financial statements:

 

In millions

   Pharmacy
Services

Segment(1)(3)
   Retail
Pharmacy

Segment(3)
   Corporate
Segment
    Intersegment
Eliminations(2)(3)
    Consolidated
Totals

2009:

            

Net revenues

   $ 51,065    $ 55,355    $ —        $ (7,691   $ 98,729

Gross profit

     3,835      16,593      —          (48     20,380

Operating profit

     2,866      4,159      (539     (48     6,438

2008(4):

            

Net revenues

   $ 43,769    $ 48,990    $ —        $ (5,287   $ 87,472

Gross profit

     3,550      14,741      —          (1     18,290

Operating profit

     2,755      3,753      (461     (1     6,046

2007(4):

            

Net revenues

   $ 34,938    $ 45,087    $ —        $ (3,695   $ 76,330

Gross profit

     2,997      13,111      —          —          16,108

Operating profit

     2,245      2,960      (411     —          4,794

 

(1) Net revenues of the Pharmacy Services segment include approximately $6.9 billion, $6.3 billion and $4.6 billion of Retail Co-Payments for 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Please see Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information about Retail Co-Payments.

 

(2) Intersegment eliminations relate to two types of transactions: (i) Intersegment revenues that occur when Pharmacy Services segment clients use Retail Pharmacy segment stores to purchase covered products. When this occurs, both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments record the revenue on a standalone basis and (ii) Intersegment revenues, gross profit and operating profit that occur when Pharmacy Services segment clients, through the Company’s intersegment activities (such as the Maintenance Choice Program), elect to pick up their maintenance prescriptions at Retail Pharmacy segment stores instead of receiving them through the mail. When this occurs, both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments record the revenue, gross profit and operating profit on a standalone basis.

 

(3) Beginning in 2008, when Pharmacy Services segment clients elect to pick up their maintenance prescriptions at Retail Pharmacy segment stores through the Company’s intersegment activities (such as the Maintenance Choice program) instead of receiving them through the mail, both segments record the corresponding revenue, gross profit and operating profit in their respective segment results. As a result, both the Pharmacy Services and the Retail Pharmacy segments include the following results for 2009 and 2008 associated with this activity: net revenues of $692 million and $8 million for 2009 and 2008, respectively; gross profit of $48 million and less than a $1 million for 2009 and 2008, respectively; operating profit of $48 million and less than a $1 million for 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

(4) The results for 2008 and 2007 have been revised to conform to the current presentation of our reportable segments.

 

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Pharmacy Services Segment

The following table summarizes our Pharmacy Services segment’s performance for the respective periods:

 

     Fiscal Year Ended  

In millions

   2009     2008(3)(8)     2007(3)  

Net revenues

   $ 51,065      $ 43,769      $ 34,938   

Gross profit

     3,835        3,550        2,997   

Gross profit % of net revenues

     7.5     8.1     8.6

Operating expenses

     969        795        752   

Operating expenses % of net revenues

     1.9     1.8     2.2

Operating profit

     2,866        2,755        2,245   

Operating profit % of net revenues

     5.6     6.3     6.4

Net revenues(4):

      

Mail choice(5)

   $ 16,711      $ 14,909      $ 13,836   

Pharmacy network(6)

     34,004        28,482        20,831   

Other

     350        378        271   

Comparable Financial Information(1)

      

Net revenues

   $ 51,065      $ 43,769      $ 43,349   

Gross profit

     3,835        3,550        3,558   

Gross profit % of net revenues

     7.5     8.1     8.2

Operating expenses

     969        795        1,129   

Merger and integration costs(2)

     —          (23     (273
                        

Operating expenses (net of merger and integration costs)

     969        772        856   

Operating expenses % of net revenues

     1.9     1.8     2.0

Operating profit

     2,866        2,778        2,702   

Operating profit % of net revenues

     5.6     6.3     6.2

Net revenues(4):

      

Mail choice(5)

   $ 16,711      $ 14,909      $ 16,791   

Pharmacy network(6)

     34,004        28,482        26,219   

Other

     350        378        339   

Pharmacy claims processed(4):

      

Total

     658.5        633.4        607.2   

Mail choice(5)

     66.0        60.9        73.9   

Pharmacy network(6)

     592.5        572.5        533.3   

Generic dispensing rate(4):

      

Total

     68.2     65.1     60.1

Mail choice(5)

     56.5     54.4     48.1

Pharmacy network(6)

     69.3     66.2     61.7

Mail choice penetration rate(7)

     23.8     22.9     28.2

 

(1) The Comparable Financial Information above combines the historical Pharmacy Services segment results of CVS and Caremark assuming the Caremark Merger occurred at the beginning of each period presented. In each period presented, the comparable results include incremental depreciation and amortization expense resulting from the fixed and intangible assets recorded in connection with the Caremark Merger and exclude merger-related expenses and integration costs. The comparable financial information has been provided for illustrative purposes only and does not purport to be indicative of the actual results that would have been achieved by the combined business segment for the periods presented or that will be achieved by the combined business segment in the future.

 

(2) Merger and integration costs for 2008 primarily include severance and retention, system integration and facility consolidation costs. Merger and integration costs for 2007 primarily include $80 million of stock option expense associated with the accelerated vesting of certain Caremark stock options, which vested upon consummation of the merger due to the change in control provisions of the underlying Caremark stock option plans, $43 million of change-in-control payments due upon the consummation of the Caremark Merger, resulting from the change-in-control provisions in certain Caremark employment agreements, and merger-related costs of $150 million.

 

(3) 2008 and 2007 have been revised to conform to the current presentation of our Pharmacy Services segment as discussed in the Overview of Our Business section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

(4) Pharmacy network net revenues, claims processed and generic dispensing rates do not include Maintenance Choice, which are included within the mail choice category.

 

(5) Mail choice is defined as claims filled at a Pharmacy Services’ mail facility, which includes specialty mail claims, as well as 90-day claims filled at retail under the Maintenance Choice program.

 

(6) Pharmacy network is defined as claims filled at retail pharmacies, including CVS/pharmacy stores.

 

(7) Excluding the impact of RxAmerica, the mail choice penetration rate would have been 26.2% and 23.3% for 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

(8) 2008 includes the results of RxAmerica from the acquisition date (October 20, 2008) forward.

 

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During 2009, the Pharmacy Services segment’s results of operations include a full year of RxAmerica results compared to 2008, which includes RxAmerica results from the acquisition date (October 20, 2008) forward.

During 2008 and 2007, the Pharmacy Services segment’s results of operations were significantly affected by the Caremark Merger. As such, the primary focus of our Pharmacy Services segment discussion is based on the comparable financial information presented previously in this document.

We define mail choice as claims filled at a Pharmacy Services’ mail facility, which includes specialty mail claims, as well as 90-day claims filled at retail pharmacies under the Maintenance Choice program.

Mail choice penetration rate is calculated based on mail choice and specialty claims divided by total pharmacy claims processed.

Net revenues - As you review our Pharmacy Services segment’s revenue performance, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

 

The Pharmacy Services segment recognizes revenues for its national retail pharmacy network transactions based on individual contract terms. Caremark’s contracts are predominantly accounted for using the gross method. Prior to April 1, 2009, RxAmerica’s contracts were accounted for using the net method. Effective April 1, 2009, we converted a number of RxAmerica’s retail pharmacy network contracts to the Caremark contract structure, which resulted in those contracts being accounted for using the gross method. As a result, net revenues increased by $2.5 billion during 2009 compared to 2008.

In addition, prior to September 2007, PharmaCare’s contracts were accounted for using the net method. Effective September 1, 2007, we converted a number PharmaCare’s retail pharmacy network contracts to the Caremark contract structure, which resulted in those contracts being accounted for using the gross method. As a result, net revenues increased by approximately $1.8 billion during 2008 compared to 2007. Please see Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information about the Pharmacy Services segment’s revenue recognition policies.

 

 

During 2009, the inclusion of RxAmerica’s results increased net revenues by approximately $3.2 billion compared to 2008. These increases include the conversion of RxAmerica’s retail pharmacy network contracts to the Caremark contract structure discussed above.

 

 

During 2008, the inclusion of Caremark’s results increased net revenues by $7.9 billion, compared to 2007. 2008 includes a full year of net revenues from Caremark, compared to 2007, which includes net revenues from Caremark from the merger date (March 22, 2007) forward.

 

 

Three fewer days in the 2009 fiscal year negatively impacted net revenues by $268 million, compared to 2008.

 

 

Four additional days in the 2008 fiscal year increased our net revenue by $495 million, compared to 2007.

 

 

During 2009, our comparable mail choice claims processed increased 8.3% to 66.0 million claims. This increase was primarily due to favorable net new business and significant adoption of mail choice plan design. During 2008, our comparable mail choice claims processed decreased 17.6% to 60.9 million claims, compared to 73.9 million claims in 2007. This decrease was primarily due to the termination of the Federal Employees Health Benefit Plan (“FEP”) mail contract on December 31, 2007.

 

 

During 2009 and 2008, our average revenue per mail choice claim increased by 3.5% and 7.8%, compared to 2008 and 2007, respectively. Specialty mail choice claims, which have significantly higher average net revenues per claim, were the primary driver of the increase. Average revenue per specialty mail choice claim increased primarily due to drug cost inflation and claims mix. These increases were offset, in part, by an increase in the percentage of generic drugs dispensed and changes in client pricing.

 

 

During 2009 and 2008, our mail choice generic dispensing rate increased to 56.5% and 54.4%, respectively, compared to our comparable mail choice generic dispensing rate of 48.1% in 2007. These increases were primarily due to new generic drug introductions and our continued efforts to encourage plan members to use generic drugs when they are available. In addition, the termination of the FEP mail contract caused our comparable mail choice generic dispensing rate to increase by approximately 120 basis points during 2008, compared to 2007.

 

 

During 2009 and 2008, our pharmacy network claims processed increased to 592.5 million and 572.5 million, respectively, compared to our comparable pharmacy network claims of 533.3 million in 2007. The increase in 2009, was primarily due to an increase of 61.0 million RxAmerica claims compared with 2008. This was offset by the reduction in claims due to the termination of two large health plan clients effective January 1, 2009 and having three fewer days in the 2009 reporting period compared to 2008.


 

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The increase in 2008 was primarily due to the addition of approximately 13.5 million RxAmerica claims (beginning October 20, 2008), growth in our existing business (including our Medicare Part D business), the four additional days in the 2008 reporting period compared to the 2007 reporting period and new clients.

 

 

During 2009, our average revenue per pharmacy network claim processed increased by 15.4%, compared to 2008. Our average revenue per pharmacy network claim processed is affected by (i) the inclusion of RxAmerica results, whose retail pharmacy network contracts were accounted for using the net revenue recognition method prior to April 1, 2009, as discussed above; (ii) higher drug costs, which normally result in higher claim revenues, (iii) client pricing, (iv) changes in the percentage of generic drugs dispensed and (v) claims mix.

 

 

During 2008, our comparable average revenue per pharmacy network claim processed increased by 1.2%, compared to 2007. This increase was primarily due to the change in the revenue recognition method from net to gross for certain PharmaCare contracts (as discussed above) and higher drug costs. These factors increased our average revenue per retail network claim by approximately 6.6%. These increases were offset, in part by (i) the inclusion of RxAmerica’s results (beginning October 20, 2008), which decreased our average revenue per retail network claim by 2.1%, (ii) client pricing, (iii) claims mix and (iv) an increase in the percentage of generic drugs dispensed.

 

 

During 2009 and 2008, our pharmacy network generic dispensing rate increased to 69.3% and 66.2%, respectively, compared to our comparable pharmacy network dispensing rate of 61.7% in 2007. These increases were primarily due to the impact of new generic drug introductions, our continued efforts to encourage plan members to use generic drugs when they are available, and the impact of RxAmerica claims. RxAmerica pharmacy network claims increased our generic dispensing rate by approximately 120 basis points in 2009 compared to 20 basis points in 2008. We believe our generic dispensing rates will continue to increase in future periods. This increase will be affected by, among other things, the number of new generic drug introductions and our success at encouraging plan members to utilize generic drugs when they are available.

 

 

During 2009 and 2008, our net revenues benefited from our participation in the administration of the Medicare Part D drug benefit by providing PBM services to our health plan clients and other clients that have qualified as a Medicare

   

Part D Prescription Drug Plan (a “PDP”). We are also a national provider of drug benefits to eligible beneficiaries under the Medicare Part D program through our subsidiaries, Silverscript and Accendo (which have been approved by CMS as PDPs), and in 2008 and 2007, through a joint venture with Universal American Corp. (“UAC”), which sponsored a CMS approved PDP. The Company and UAC dissolved this joint venture at the end of 2008 and divided the responsibility for providing Medicare Part D services to the affected plan members beginning with the 2009 plan year. In addition, we assist employer, union and other health plan clients that qualify for the retiree drug subsidy under Medicare Part D by collecting eligibility data from and submitting drug cost data to CMS in order for them to obtain the subsidy.

Gross profit includes net revenues less cost of revenues. Cost of revenues includes (i) the cost of pharmaceuticals dispensed, either directly through our mail service and specialty retail pharmacies or indirectly through our national retail pharmacy network, (ii) shipping and handling costs and (iii) the operating costs of our mail service pharmacies, customer service operations and related information technology support. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues was 7.5%, 8.1% and 8.6% in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

As you review our Pharmacy Services segment’s performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

 

Three fewer days in the 2009 fiscal year negatively impacted gross profit by $23 million, compared to 2008.

 

 

Four additional days in the 2008 fiscal year increased gross profit by $49 million, compared to 2007.

 

 

Our gross profit dollars and gross profit rates continued to be impacted by our efforts to (i) retain existing clients, (ii) obtain new business and (iii) maintain or improve the purchase discounts we received from manufacturers, wholesalers and retail pharmacies. In particular, competitive pressures in the PBM industry have caused us and other PBM’s to share a larger portion of rebates and/or discounts received from pharmaceutical manufacturers. During the 2008 selling season, the Company renewed a number of existing clients and obtained new clients at lower rates, which resulted in gross profit compression during 2009.

 

 

As discussed previously in this document, we review our national retail network contracts on an individual basis to determine if the related revenues should be accounted for using the gross method or net method under the


 

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applicable accounting rules. Under these rules, the majority of Caremark’s national retail network contracts are accounted for using the gross method, which results in higher revenues, higher cost of revenues and lower gross profit rates. The conversion of certain PharmaCare contracts and RxAmerica contracts to the Caremark contract structure increased our net revenues, increased our cost of revenues and lowered our gross profit rates. Although this change did not affect our gross profit dollars, it did reduce our gross profit rates by approximately 40, 35 and 20 basis points during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

 

Our gross profit as a percentage of revenues benefited from the increase in our total generic dispensing rate, which increased to 68.2% and 65.1% in 2009 and 2008, respectively, compared to our comparable generic dispensing rate of 60.1% in 2007. These increases were primarily due to new generic drug introductions and our continued efforts to encourage plan members to use generic drugs when they are available. In addition, during 2009, the inclusion of a full year of RxAmerica claims increased our total generic dispensing rate by approximately 120 and 20 basis points during 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

 

During 2008, our comparable gross profit rate was impacted by decreases in our mail penetration rate to 22.9%, compared to 28.2% in 2007. This and the impact of accounting for certain PharmaCare contracts using the gross method were offset, in part, by increases in the utilization of generic drugs, which normally yield a higher gross profit rate than equivalent brand name drugs.

 

 

During 2008, our comparable gross profit rates benefited from the purchasing synergies from the Caremark Merger.

 

 

In January 2009, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) issued a regulation requiring that, beginning in 2010, any difference between the drug price charged to Medicare Part D plan sponsors by a PBM and the drug paid by the PBM to the dispensing provider (commonly called “differential” or “spread”) be reported as an administrative cost rather than a drug cost of the plan sponsor for purposes of calculating certain government subsidy payments and the drug price to be charged to enrollees. These changes impact our ability to offer Medicare Part D plan sponsors pricing for 2010 that includes the use of retail network “differential” or “spread,” and we expect these changes to reduce the profitability of our Medicare Part D business beginning in 2010.

 

 

In conjunction with a recently approved class action settlement with two entities that publish the average wholesale price (“AWP”) of pharmaceuticals (a pricing benchmark widely used in the pharmacy industry), the AWP for many brand-name and some generic prescription drugs were reduced effective September 26, 2009. We have reached understandings with most of our commercial third-party payors where we participate as pharmacy providers to adjust reimbursements to account for this change in methodology, but most state Medicaid programs that utilize AWP as a pricing reference have not taken action to make similar adjustments. As a result, we expect reduced Medicaid reimbursement levels in fiscal 2010.

Operating expenses, which include selling, general and administrative expenses (including integration and other merger-related expenses), depreciation and amortization related to selling, general and administrative activities and retail specialty pharmacy store and administrative payroll, employee benefits and occupancy costs increased to 1.9% of net revenues in 2009, compared to 1.8% and 2.2% in 2008 and 2007, respectively.

As you review our Pharmacy Services segment’s performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

 

During 2009, the increase in operating expenses is primarily related to (i) increased litigation reserves, (ii) the dissolution of our joint venture with Universal American Corporation (“UAC”) at the end of fiscal 2008, the income from which was historically an offset to operating expenses, and (iii) the inclusion of a full year of RxAmerica’s operating expenses during 2009.

 

 

During 2008, comparable operating expenses decreased 9.8% to $772 million (or 1.8% of net revenues), compared to $856 million (or 2.0% of net revenues) during 2007. Our comparable results include incremental depreciation and amortization expense resulting from the fixed and intangible assets recorded in connection with the Caremark Merger, but exclude merger-related expenses and integration costs.


 

 

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Retail Pharmacy Segment

The following table summarizes our Retail Pharmacy segment’s performance for the respective periods:

 

     Fiscal Year Ended  

In millions

   2009     2008(1)(2)     2007(1)  

Net revenues

   $ 55,355      $ 48,990      $ 45,087   

Gross profit

     16,593        14,741        13,111   

Gross profit % of net revenues

     30.0     30.1     29.1

Operating expenses

     12,434        10,988        10,151   

Operating expenses % of net revenues

     22.5     22.4     22.5

Operating profit

     4,159        3,753        2,960   

Operating profit % of net revenues

     7.5     7.7     6.6
   

Net revenue increase:

      

Total

     13.0     8.7     11.9

Pharmacy

     13.1     8.1     10.9

Front Store

     12.7     9.9     14.0

Same store sales increase:(3)

      

Total

     5.0     4.5     5.3

Pharmacy

     6.9     4.8     5.2

Front Store

     1.2     3.6     5.3

Generic dispensing rates

     69.9     67.4     63.2

Pharmacy % of net revenues

     67.5     67.5     67.8

Third party % of pharmacy revenue

     96.9     96.1     95.3

Retail prescriptions filled

     616.5        559.0        527.5   

 

(1) 2008 and 2007 have been revised to conform to the current presentation of our Retail Pharmacy segment as discussed in the Overview of Our Business section on Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

(2) 2008 includes the results of the Longs Drug Stores from the acquisition date (October 20, 2008) forward.

 

(3) Same store sales increase includes the Longs Drug Stores beginning in November 2009 and the stores acquired from Albertson’s, Inc. beginning in July 2007.

 

Net revenues - As you review our Retail Pharmacy segment’s performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

 

During 2009, net revenues from the Longs Drug Stores increased net revenues by $3.4 billion, compared to 2008. This increase is primarily due to a full year of net revenues associated with the Longs Drug Stores versus a partial quarter in 2008.

 

 

Three fewer days in the 2009 fiscal year negatively impacted net revenues by $403 million, compared to 2008.

 

 

During 2009, pharmacy same store sales were positively impacted by the growth of our Maintenance Choice program.

 

 

During 2008, net revenues from the Longs Drug Stores increased net revenues by $1.0 billion, compared to 2007.

 

 

Four additional days in the 2008 fiscal year increased net revenues by $608 million, compared to 2007.

 

 

As of December 31, 2009, we operated 7,025 retail stores, compared to 6,923 retail stores on December 31, 2008. Total net revenues from new stores (excluding acquired stores) contributed approximately 1.6%, 1.5%, and 1.3% to

   

our total net revenue percentage increase in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

 

Pharmacy revenue growth continued to benefit from the introduction of a prescription drug benefit under Medicare Part D, the ability to attract and retain managed care customers and favorable industry trends. These trends include an aging American population; many “baby boomers” are now in their fifties and sixties and are consuming a greater number of prescription drugs. In addition, the increased use of pharmaceuticals as the first line of defense for individual health care also contributed to the growing demand for pharmacy services. We believe these favorable industry trends will continue.

 

 

Pharmacy revenue dollars continue to be negatively impacted in all years by the conversion of brand named drugs to equivalent generic drugs, which typically have a lower selling price. In addition, our pharmacy growth has also been affected by a decline in the number of significant new brand named drug introductions, higher consumer co-payments and co-insurance arrangements, and an increase in the number of over-the-counter remedies that were historically only available by prescription.


 

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Gross profit, which includes net revenues less the cost of merchandise sold during the reporting period and the related purchasing costs, warehousing costs, delivery costs and actual and estimated inventory losses, as a percentage of net revenues was 30.0% in 2009. This compares to 30.1% in 2008 and 29.1% in 2007.

As you review our Retail Pharmacy segment’s performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

 

Three fewer days in the 2009 fiscal year negatively impacted gross profit by $123 million, compared to 2008.

 

 

During 2009, our front-store revenues were 32.5% of total revenues, compared to 32.5% and 32.2% in 2008 and 2007, respectively. On average, our gross profit on front-store revenues is higher than our average gross profit on pharmacy revenues.

 

 

During 2009, our front-store gross profit rate was negatively impacted by increased sales of promotional related items, which were partially offset by increases in private label and proprietary brand product sales, which normally yield a higher gross profit rate than other front-store products.

 

 

During 2009 and 2008, our pharmacy gross profit rate continued to benefit from an increase in generic drug revenues, which normally yield a higher gross profit rate than equivalent brand name drug revenues. However, the increased use of generic drugs has augmented the efforts of third party payors to reduce reimbursement payments to retail pharmacies for prescriptions. This trend, which we expect to continue, reduces the benefit we realize from brand to generic product conversions.

 

 

Sales to customers covered by third party insurance programs have continued to increase and, thus, have become a larger component of our total pharmacy business. On average, our gross profit on third party pharmacy revenues is lower than our gross profit on cash pharmacy revenues. Third party pharmacy revenues were 96.9% of pharmacy revenues in 2009, compared to 96.1% and 95.3% of pharmacy revenues in 2008 and 2007, respectively. We expect this trend to continue.

 

 

Four additional days in the 2008 fiscal year increased gross profit by $190 million, compared to 2007.

 

 

During 2008, our front-store gross profit rate benefited from improved product mix (including increases in private label and proprietary brand product sales, which normally yield a higher gross profit rate than other front-store products) and benefits derived from our ExtraCare loyalty program.

 

 

During 2008, our pharmacy gross profit rate continued to benefit from a portion of the purchasing synergies resulting from the Caremark Merger.

 

 

The Federal Government’s Medicare Part D benefit is increasing prescription utilization. However, it is also decreasing our pharmacy gross profit rates as our higher gross profit business (e.g., cash customers) continued to migrate to Part D coverage during 2009.

 

 

In 2005, the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (the “DRA”) was signed into law by the President. The DRA sought to reduce federal spending by altering the Medicaid reimbursement formula for multi-source (i.e., generic) drugs. These changes were expected to result in reduced Medicaid reimbursement rates for retail pharmacies. During 2007, CMS issued a final rule implementing provisions under the DRA regarding prescription drugs under the Medicaid program. Among other things, the rule defines Average Manufacturer Price (“AMP”) and “best price,” and specifies the items that must be included and excluded in the calculation of each (the “AMP Rule”). In October 2008, approximately ten months after the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia preliminarily enjoined CMS from implementing relevant portions of the AMP Rule, CMS issued a rule, subject to comment, which modified the definition of multiple source drugs, a component of the AMP calculation. The proposed rule seeks to address one of the legal challenges on which the injunction was issued. However, opponents of this new rule have asserted that the revised definition continues to be inconsistent with the DRA. In the event health care reform legislation is adopted, such legislation will likely include a provision to correct the definitional issues with the AMP. As a result of the above, we cannot predict the extent or timing of implementation of the AMP Rule, its effect on Medicaid reimbursement or its impact on the Company.

 

 

In conjunction with a recently approved class action settlement with two entities that publish the AWP of pharmaceuticals, the AWP for many brand-name and some generic prescription drugs were reduced effective September 26, 2009. We have reached understandings with most of our commercial third-party payors where we participate as pharmacy providers to adjust reimbursements to account for this change in methodology, but most state Medicaid programs that utilize AWP as a pricing reference have not taken action to make similar adjustments. As a result, we expect reduced Medicaid reimbursement levels in fiscal 2010.

 

 

Our pharmacy gross profit rates have been adversely affected by the efforts of managed care organizations, pharmacy benefit managers and governmental and other third party payors to reduce their prescription drug costs. In the event this trend continues, we may not be able to sustain our current rate of revenue growth and gross profit dollars could be adversely impacted.


 

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Operating expenses, which include store and administrative payroll, employee benefits, store and administrative occupancy costs, selling expenses, advertising expenses, administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization expense increased slightly to 22.5% of net revenues in 2009, compared to 22.4% and 22.5% of net revenues in 2008 and 2007, respectively.

As you review our Retail Pharmacy segment’s performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

 

Three fewer days in the 2009 fiscal year positively impacted operating expenses by $92 million, compared to 2008.

 

 

During 2009, operating expenses as a percentage of net revenues increased as a result of integration costs associated with the Longs Acquisition.

 

 

Four additional days in the 2008 fiscal year increased operating expenses by $135 million, compared to 2007.

 

 

During 2008, operating expenses as a percentage of net revenues continued to be impacted by an increase in generic drug revenues. Generic drugs typically have a lower selling price than their brand named equivalents.

Corporate Segment

Operating expenses increased $78 million, or 16.9% and $50 million, or 12.2% during fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2008, respectively. Operating expenses within the Corporate segment include executive management, corporate relations, legal, compliance, human resources, corporate information technology and finance related costs. Operating expenses increased during 2009 primarily due to higher legal fees associated with increased litigation activity, depreciation and compensation and benefit costs. Operating expenses increased during 2008 primarily related to depreciation and compensation and benefit related costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We maintain a level of liquidity sufficient to allow us to cover our cash needs in the short-term. Over the long-term, we manage our cash and capital structure to maximize shareholder return, strengthen our financial position and maintain flexibility for future strategic initiatives. We continuously assess our working capital needs, debt and leverage levels, capital expenditure requirements, dividend payouts, potential share repurchases and future investments or acquisitions. We believe our operating cash flows, commercial paper program, sale-leaseback program, as well as any potential future borrowings, will be sufficient to fund these future payments and long-term initiatives.

Net cash provided by operating activities increased to approximately $4.0 billion in 2009. This compares to

approximately $3.9 billion and $3.2 billion in 2008 and 2007, respectively. 2009 includes a full year of net cash provided by operating activities from the Longs Acquisition compared to 2008. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities during 2009 was primarily due to increased net income, offset by an increase in inventory purchases primarily associated with pharmacy pre-buy opportunities and our increased store count. 2008 includes a full year of net cash provided by operating activities from Caremark, compared to 2007, which includes Caremark from the merger date (March 22, 2007) forward. 2008 also includes net cash provided by operating activities from the Longs Acquisition from the acquisition date (October 20, 2008) forward.

Net cash used in investing activities decreased to approximately $1.1 billion in 2009. This compares to approximately $4.6 billion and $3.1 billion in 2008 and 2007, respectively. The decrease in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to a reduction in acquisition activities in 2009 and an increase in sale-leaseback transactions. The increase in net cash used in investing activities during 2008 was primarily due to the Longs Acquisition. The $3.1 billion of net cash used in investing activities during 2007 was primarily due to the Caremark Merger.

Gross capital expenditures totaled approximately $2.5 billion during 2009, compared to approximately $2.2 billion in 2008 and $1.8 billion 2007. The increase in gross capital expenditures during 2009 was primarily due to resets related to stores acquired as part of the Longs Acquisition.

Proceeds from sale-leaseback transactions totaled approximately $1.6 billion in 2009. This compares to $204 million in 2008 and $601 million in 2007. Under the sale-leaseback transactions, the properties are sold at fair value, which approximates net book value, and the resulting leases qualify and are accounted for as operating leases. The specific timing and amount of future sale-leaseback transactions will vary depending on future market conditions and other factors. The significant increase in 2009 was primarily due to the deferral of transactions in 2008 due to market conditions at that time.

Following is a summary of our store development activity for the respective years:

 

     2009     2008     2007  

Total stores (beginning of year)

   6,981      6,301      6,205   

New and acquired stores(1)

   175      719      140   

Closed stores

   (82   (39   (44
                  

Total stores (end of year)

   7,074      6,981      6,301   
                  

Relocated stores(2)

   110      129      137   

 

(1) 2008 includes 529 Longs Drug Stores that were acquired as part of the Longs Acquisition.

 

(2) Relocated stores are not included in new or closed store totals.

 

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Net cash used in financing activities was approximately $3.2 billion in 2009, compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $929 million in 2008 and net cash provided by financing activities of $378 million in 2007. Net cash used in financing activities during 2009 was primarily due to approximately $2.5 billion of share repurchases associated with the share repurchase programs described below, the net reduction of approximately $2.2 billion of our outstanding commercial paper borrowings, the repayment of $500 million of borrowings outstanding under our bridge credit facility used to finance the Longs Acquisition and the payment of $439 million of dividends on our common stock. This was partially offset by the net increase in long-term debt of approximately $2.1 billion and proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $250 million. Net cash provided by financing activities during 2008 was primarily due to increased short-term and long-term borrowings used to fund the Longs Acquisition and retire $353 million of debt assumed as part of the Longs Acquisition. Net cash provided by financing activities during 2007 was primarily due to the increase in long-term borrowings used to fund the special cash dividend paid to Caremark shareholders in connection with the Caremark Merger and was offset, in part, by the repayment of short-term borrowings and the repurchase of common shares.

Share repurchase programs - On November 4, 2009, our Board of Directors authorized, effective immediately, a share repurchase program for up to $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock (the “2009 Repurchase Program”). The share repurchase program expires in December 2011 and permits us to effect repurchases from time to time through a combination of open market repurchases, privately negotiated transactions and/or accelerated share repurchase programs. From November 4, 2009 through December 31, 2009, we repurchased 16.1 million shares of common stock for approximately $500 million pursuant to the 2009 Repurchase Program. The 2009 Repurchase Program may be modified, extended or terminated by our Board of Directors at any time.

On May 7, 2008, our Board of Directors authorized, effective May 21, 2008, a share repurchase program for up to $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock (the “2008 Repurchase Program”). From May 21, 2008 through December 31, 2008, we repurchased approximately 0.6 million shares of common stock for $23 million under the 2008 Repurchase Program. During the year ended December 31, 2009, we repurchased approximately 57.0 million shares of common stock for approximately $2.0 billion completing the 2008 Repurchase Program.

 

On May 9, 2007, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $5.0 billion of our outstanding common stock. The share repurchase program was completed during 2007 through a $2.5 billion fixed dollar accelerated share repurchase agreement (the “May ASR agreement”), under which final settlement occurred in October 2007 and resulted in the repurchase of approximately 67.5 million shares of common stock; an open market repurchase program, which concluded in November 2007 and resulted in approximately 5.3 million shares of common stock being repurchased for approximately $212 million; and a $2.3 billion dollar fixed accelerated share repurchase agreement (the “November ASR agreement”), which resulted in an initial 51.6 million shares of common stock being purchased and placed into treasury stock as of December 29, 2007. The final settlement under the November ASR agreement occurred on March 28, 2008 and resulted in us receiving an additional 5.7 million shares of common stock, which were placed into treasury stock as of March 29, 2008.

In connection with the Caremark Merger, on March 28, 2007, we commenced a tender offer to purchase up to 150 million common shares, or about 10%, of our outstanding common stock at a price of $35.00 per share. The offer to purchase shares expired on April 24, 2007 and resulted in approximately 10.3 million shares being tendered. The shares were placed into our treasury account.

Short-term borrowings - We had $315 million of commercial paper outstanding at a weighted average interest rate of 0.31% as of December 31, 2009. In connection with our commercial paper program, we maintain a $675 million, five-year unsecured back-up credit facility, which expires on June 2, 2010, a $1.4 billion, five-year unsecured back-up credit facility, which expires on May 12, 2011, and a $1.3 billion, five-year unsecured back-up credit facility, which expires on March 12, 2012. The credit facilities allow for borrowings at various rates that are dependent, in part, on our public debt rating. There were no borrowings outstanding under the back-up credit facilities. We intend to renew our back-up credit facility which expires in June 2010.

Long-term borrowings - On September 8, 2009, we issued $1.5 billion of 6.125% unsecured senior notes due September 15, 2039 (the “September 2009 Notes”). The September 2009 Notes pay interest semi-annually and may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds were used to repay a portion of our outstanding commercial paper borrowings, $650 million of unsecured senior notes and for general corporate purposes.


 

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On March 10, 2009, we issued $1.0 billion of 6.60% unsecured senior notes due March 15, 2019 (the “March 2009 Notes”). The March 2009 Notes pay interest semi-annually and may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds were used to repay the bridge credit facility, a portion of our outstanding commercial paper borrowings and for general corporate purposes.

On July 1, 2009, we issued a $300 million unsecured floating rate senior note due January 30, 2011 (the “the 2009 Floating Rate Note”). The 2009 Floating Rate Note pays interest quarterly. The net proceeds from the 2009 Floating Rate Note will be used for general corporate purposes.

On September 10, 2008, we issued $350 million of floating rate senior notes due September 10, 2010 (the “2008 Notes”). The 2008 Notes pay interest quarterly and may be redeemed at any time, in whole or in part at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds from the 2008 Notes were used to fund a portion of the Longs Acquisition.

On May 22, 2007, we issued $1.75 billion of floating rate senior notes due June 1, 2010, $1.75 billion of 5.75% unsecured senior notes due June 1, 2017, and $1.0 billion of 6.25% unsecured senior notes due June 1, 2027 (collectively the “2007 Notes”). Also on May 22, 2007, we entered into an underwriting agreement pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell $1.0 billion of Enhanced Capital Advantaged Preferred Securities (“ECAPS”) due June 1, 2062 to the underwriters. The ECAPS bear interest at 6.30% per year until June 1, 2012 at which time they will pay interest based on a floating rate. The 2007 Notes and the ECAPS pay interest semiannually and may be redeemed at any time, in whole or in part at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds from the 2007 Notes and ECAPS were used to repay the bridge credit facility and a portion of the outstanding commercial paper borrowings.

Our credit facilities, backup credit facility, unsecured senior notes and ECAPS contain customary restrictive financial and operating covenants. These covenants do not include a requirement for the acceleration of our debt maturities in the event of a downgrade in our credit rating. We do not believe the restrictions contained in these covenants materially affect our financial or operating flexibility.

As of December 31, 2009 and 2008 we had no freestanding derivatives in place.

Debt Ratings - As of December 31, 2009, our long-term debt was rated “Baa2” by Moody’s with a stable outlook and “BBB+” by Standard & Poor’s with a negative outlook, and our commercial paper program was rated “P-2” by Moody’s and “A-2” by

Standard & Poor’s. In assessing our credit strength, we believe that both Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s considered, among other things, our capital structure and financial policies as well as our consolidated balance sheet, the Longs Acquisition, the Caremark Merger and other financial information. Although we currently believe our long-term debt ratings will remain investment grade, we cannot guarantee the future actions of Moody’s and/or Standard & Poor’s. Our debt ratings have a direct impact on our future borrowing costs, access to capital markets and new store operating lease costs.

Quarterly Dividend Increase - On January 12, 2010, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a 15% increase in the quarterly dividend on the common stock of the Company to $0.0875 per share.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In connection with executing operating leases, we provide a guarantee of the lease payments. We also finance a portion of our new store development through sale-leaseback transactions, which involve selling stores to unrelated parties and then leasing the stores back under leases that qualify and are accounted for as operating leases. We do not have any retained or contingent interests in the stores, and we do not provide any guarantees, other than a guarantee of the lease payments, in connection with the transactions. In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, our operating leases are not reflected on our consolidated balance sheets.

Between 1991 and 1997, the Company sold or spun off a number of subsidiaries, including Bob’s Stores, Linens ‘n Things, Marshalls, Kay-Bee Toys, This End Up and Footstar. In many cases, when a former subsidiary leased a store, the Company provided a guarantee of the store’s lease obligations. When the subsidiaries were disposed of, the Company’s guarantees remained in place, although each initial purchaser has indemnified the Company for any lease obligations the Company was required to satisfy. If any of the purchasers or any of the former subsidiaries were to become insolvent and failed to make the required payments under a store lease, the Company could be required to satisfy these obligations.

As of December 31, 2009, the Company guaranteed approximately 70 such store leases (excluding the lease guarantees related to Linens ‘n Things), with the maximum remaining lease term extending through 2018. Management believes the ultimate disposition of any of the remaining lease guarantees will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or future cash flows. Please see “Loss from Discontinued Operations” previously in this document for further information regarding our guarantee of certain Linens ‘n Things’ store lease obligations.


 

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Following is a summary of our significant contractual obligations as of December 31, 2009:

 

     Payments Due by Period

In millions

   Total    2010    2011 to 2012    2013 to 2014    Thereafter

Operating leases

   $ 26,913    $ 2,094    $ 3,830    $ 3,512    $ 17,477

Leases from discontinued operations

     150      5      48      23      74

Long-term debt

     10,706      2,102      2,103      551      5,950

Interest payments on long-term debt(1)

     7,307      559      1,058      980      4,710

Other long-term liabilities reflected in our consolidated balance sheet

     273      76      50      50      97

Capital lease obligations

     154      2      7      9      136
                                  
   $ 45,503    $ 4,838    $ 7,096    $ 5,125    $ 28,444
                                  

 

(1) Interest payments on long-term debt are calculated on outstanding balances and interest rates in effect on December 31, 2009.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, which require management to make certain estimates and apply judgment. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends and other factors that management believes to be important at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared. On a regular basis, we review our accounting policies and how they are applied and disclosed in our consolidated financial statements. While we believe the historical experience, current trends and other factors considered, support the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, actual results could differ from our estimates, and such differences could be material.

Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements. We believe the following accounting policies include a higher degree of judgment and/or complexity and, thus, are considered to be critical accounting policies. The critical accounting policies discussed later in this document are applicable to each of our business segments. We have discussed the development and selection of our critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors and the Audit Committee has reviewed our disclosures relating to them.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Identifiable intangible assets consist primarily of trademarks, client contracts and relationships, favorable and unfavorable leases and covenants not to compete. These intangible assets arise primarily from the allocation of the purchase price of businesses acquired to identifiable intangible assets based on their respective fair market values at the date of acquisition.

 

Amounts assigned to identifiable intangible assets, and their related useful lives, are derived from established valuation techniques and management estimates. Goodwill represents the excess of amounts paid for acquisitions over the fair market value of the net identifiable assets acquired.

We evaluate the recoverability of certain long-lived assets, including intangible assets with finite lives, but excluding goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives, which are tested for impairment using separate tests, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. We group and evaluate these long-lived assets for impairment at the lowest level at which individual cash flows can be identified. When evaluating these long-lived assets for potential impairment, we first compare the carrying amount of the asset group to the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges). If the estimated future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset group, an impairment loss calculation is prepared. The impairment loss calculation compares the carrying amount of the asset group to the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (discounted and with interest charges). If required, an impairment loss is recorded for the portion of the asset group’s carrying value that exceeds the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (discounted and with interest charges). Our long-lived asset impairment loss calculation contains uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate each asset group’s future sales, profitability and cash flows. When preparing these estimates, we consider historical results and current operating trends and our consolidated sales, profitability and cash flow results and forecasts.

These estimates can be affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, general economic conditions, efforts of third party organizations to reduce their prescription


 

36


drug costs and/or increased member co-payments, the continued efforts of competitors to gain market share and consumer spending patterns.

Goodwill and indefinitely-lived intangible assets are subject to impairment reviews annually, or if changes or events indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable.

Indefinitely-lived intangible assets are tested by comparing the estimated fair value of the asset to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value, an impairment loss is recognized and the asset is written down to its estimated fair value.

Our indefinitely-lived intangible asset impairment loss calculation contains uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate the fair value based on the assumption that in lieu of ownership of an intangible asset, the Company would be willing to pay a royalty in order to utilize the benefits of the asset. Value is estimated by discounting the hypothetical royalty payments to their present value over the estimated economic life of the asset. These estimates can be affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, general economic conditions, availability of market information as well as the profitability of the Company.

Goodwill is tested for impairment on a reporting unit basis using a two-step process. The first step of the impairment test is to identify potential impairment by comparing the reporting unit’s fair value with its net book value (or carrying amount), including goodwill. The fair value of our reporting units is estimated using a combination of the discounted cash flow valuation model and comparable market transaction models. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the reporting unit’s goodwill is not considered to be impaired and the second step of the impairment test is not performed. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, the second step of the impairment test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The second step of the impairment test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of the goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.

Our impairment loss calculation contains uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate each reporting unit’s future revenues, profitability and cash flows as well as comparability with recent transactions in the industry. When preparing these estimates, we consider each reporting unit’s historical results

and current operating trends and our consolidated revenues, profitability and cash flow results and forecasts. These estimates can be affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, general economic conditions, efforts of third party organizations to reduce their prescription drug costs and/or increase member co-payments, the continued efforts of competitors to gain market share and consumer spending patterns.

The carrying value of goodwill and intangible assets covered by this critical accounting policy was $36 billion as of December 31, 2009. We did not record any impairment losses related to goodwill or intangible assets during 2009, 2008 or 2007.

Although we believe we have sufficient current and historical information available to us to test for impairment, it is possible that actual cash flows could differ from the estimated cash flows used in our impairment tests. Due to the nature of the uncertainties discussed previously in this document, we cannot determine a reasonably likely change.

We have not made any material changes in the methodologies utilized to test the carrying values of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment during the past three years.

Closed Store Lease Liability

We account for closed store lease termination costs when a leased store is closed. When a leased store is closed, we record a liability for the estimated present value of the remaining obligation under the noncancelable lease, which includes future real estate taxes, common area maintenance and other charges, if applicable. The liability is reduced by estimated future sublease income.

The initial calculation and subsequent evaluations of our closed store lease liability contain uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate the timing and duration of future vacancy periods, the amount and timing of future lump sum settlement payments and the amount and timing of potential future sublease income. When estimating these potential termination costs and their related timing, we consider a number of factors, which include, but are not limited to, historical settlement experience, the owner of the property, the location and condition of the property, the terms of the underlying lease, the specific marketplace demand and general economic conditions.

Our total closed store lease liability covered by this critical accounting policy was $586 million as of December 31, 2009. This amount is net of $325 million of estimated sublease income that is subject to the uncertainties discussed above. Although


 

37


we believe we have sufficient current and historical information available to us to record reasonable estimates for sublease income, it is possible that actual results could differ.

In order to help you assess the risk, if any, associated with the uncertainties discussed above, a ten percent (10%) pre-tax change in our estimated sublease income, which we believe is a reasonably likely change, would increase or decrease our total closed store lease liability by about $33 million as of December 31, 2009.

We have not made any material changes in the reserve methodology used to record closed store lease reserves during the past three years.

Self-Insurance Liabilities

We are self-insured for certain losses related to general liability, workers’ compensation and auto liability, although we maintain stop loss coverage with third party insurers to limit our total liability exposure. We are also self-insured for certain losses related to health and medical liabilities.

The estimate of our self-insurance liability contains uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate the ultimate cost that will be incurred to settle reported claims and unreported claims for incidents incurred but not reported as of the balance sheet date. When estimating our self-insurance liability, we consider a number of factors, which include, but are not limited to, historical claim experience, demographic factors, severity factors and other standard insurance industry actuarial assumptions. On a quarterly basis, we review to determine if our self-insurance liability is adequate as it relates to our general liability, workers’ compensation and auto liability. Similar reviews are conducted semi-annually to determine if our self-insurance liability is adequate for our health and medical liability.

Our total self-insurance liability covered by this critical accounting policy was $449 million as of December 31, 2009. Although we believe we have sufficient current and historical information available to us to record reasonable estimates for our self-insurance liability, it is possible that actual results could differ. In order to help you assess the risk, if any, associated with the uncertainties discussed above, a ten percent (10%) pre-tax change in our estimate for our self-insurance liability, which we believe is a reasonably likely change, would increase or decrease our self-insurance liability by about $45 million as of December 31, 2009.

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our self-insurance liability during the past three years.

 

Inventory

Our inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market on a first-in, first-out basis using the retail method of accounting to determine cost of sales and inventory in our CVS/pharmacy stores, average cost to determine cost of sales and inventory in our mail service and specialty pharmacies and the cost method of accounting to determine inventory in our distribution centers. Under the retail method, inventory is stated at cost, which is determined by applying a cost-to-retail ratio to the ending retail value of our inventory. Since the retail value of our inventory is adjusted on a regular basis to reflect current market conditions, our carrying value should approximate the lower of cost or market. In addition, we reduce the value of our ending inventory for estimated inventory losses that have occurred during the interim period between physical inventory counts. Physical inventory counts are taken on a regular basis in each store and a continuous cycle count process is the primary procedure used to validate the inventory balances on hand in each distribution center to ensure that the amounts reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are properly stated.

The accounting for inventory contains uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate the inventory losses that have occurred during the interim period between physical inventory counts. When estimating these losses, we consider a number of factors, which include, but are not limited to, historical physical inventory results on a location-by-location basis and current physical inventory loss trends.

Our total reserve for estimated inventory losses covered by this critical accounting policy was $132 million as of December 31, 2009. Although we believe we have sufficient current and historical information available to us to record reasonable estimates for estimated inventory losses, it is possible that actual results could differ. In order to help you assess the aggregate risk, if any, associated with the uncertainties discussed above, a ten percent (10%) pre-tax change in our estimated inventory losses, which we believe is a reasonably likely change, would increase or decrease our total reserve for estimated inventory losses by about $13 million as of December 31, 2009.

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our inventory loss reserves during the past three years. Although we believe that the estimates discussed above are reasonable and the related calculations conform to generally accepted accounting principles, actual results could differ from our estimates, and such differences could be material.


 

38


Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In the third quarter of 2009, we adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) as the source of authoritative generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for nongovernmental entities. The ASC does not change GAAP but rather takes the numerous individual pronouncements that previously constituted GAAP and reorganizes them into approximately 90 accounting topics, and displays all topics using a consistent structure. Citing particular content in the ASC involves specifying the unique numeric path to the content. The adoption of ASC did not have any effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

During the second quarter of 2009, we adopted ASC 855 Subsequent Events (formerly Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 165, “Subsequent Events”) which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but prior to the issuance of the financial statements. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position, cash flows or disclosures.

During the first quarter of 2009, we adopted ASC 805 Business Combinations (“ASC 805”) (formerly SFAS No. 141 (R), “Business Combinations”). ASC 805 establishes the principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. The guidance also establishes disclosure requirements that will enable users to evaluate the nature and financial effects of business combinations. ASC 805 requires that income tax benefits related to business combinations that are not recorded at the date of acquisition are recorded as an income tax benefit in the statement of operations when subsequently recognized. Previously, unrecognized income tax benefits related to business combinations were recorded as an adjustment to the purchase price allocation when recognized. During 2009, we recognized approximately $147 million of previously unrecognized income tax benefits related to business combinations (after considering the federal benefit of state taxes), plus interest, due to the expiration of various statutes of limitations and settlements with tax authorities. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had approximately $20 million of unrecognized tax benefits (after considering the federal benefit of state taxes), plus interest, related to business

combinations that would have been treated as an adjustment to the purchase price allocation if they would have been recognized under the previous business combination guidance.

In April 2009, the FASB issued further guidance as it relates to ASC 805 (formerly FASB Staff Position No. FAS 141(R)-1, “Accounting for Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in a Business Combination That Arise from Contingencies”) to addresses the initial recognition, measurement and subsequent accounting for assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in a business combination, and requires that such assets acquired or liabilities assumed be initially recognized at fair value at the acquisition date if fair value can be determined during the measurement period. If the acquisition-date fair value cannot be determined, the asset acquired or liability assumed arising from a contingency is recognized only if certain criteria are met. This guidance also requires that a systematic and rational basis for subsequently measuring and accounting for the assets or liabilities be developed depending on their nature. The adoption of this guidance may have an impact on the accounting for future business combinations, but the impact is dependant upon acquisitions at that time.

During the first quarter of 2009, we adopted SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements”), which is now included in ASC 810 Consolidations. This statement requires the presentation of net income (loss) allocable to noncontrolling interests along with net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of the company to be separately disclosed in the consolidated statement of operations. Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries are generally required to be reported as a separate component of equity in the consolidated balance sheet, apart from the equity of the parent company. However, a redeemable noncontrolling interest subject to a put option, which may require the purchase of an interest in a consolidated subsidiary from a noncontrolling interest holder, is required to be classified outside of shareholders’ equity.

During the first quarter of 2008, we adopted additional guidance within ASC 715-60 Defined Benefit Plans-Other Postretirement (formerly Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements” and EITF No. 06-10, “Accounting for Collateral Assignment


 

39


Split-Dollar Life Insurance Agreements”). The application of this guidance requires a company to recognize a liability for the discounted value of the future premium benefits that a company will incur through the death of the underlying insured and provides guidance for determining a liability for the postretirement benefit obligation as well as recognition and measurement of the associated asset on the basis of the terms of the collateral assignment agreement. The adoption of the content within ASC 715-60 did not have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Recent Accounting Pronouncement Not Yet Effective

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167 (not yet codified in ASC), “Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R),” (“SFAS 167”). The standard amends the content within ASC 810 Consolidations (formerly FASB Interpretations (“FIN”) No. 46 (R)) to require a company to analyze whether its interest in a variable interest entity (“VIE”) gives it a controlling financial interest. The determination of whether a company is required to consolidate another entity is based on, among other things, the other entity’s purpose and design and a company’s ability to direct the activities of the other entity that most significantly impact the other entity’s economic performance. Additional disclosures are required to identify a company’s involvement with the VIE and any significant changes in risk exposure due to such involvement. SFAS 167 is effective for all new and existing VIEs as of the beginning of the first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2009. We do not believe the adoption of SFAS 167 will have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

 

Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Reform Act”) provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of CVS Caremark Corporation. The Company and its representatives may, from time to time, make written or verbal forward-looking statements, including statements contained in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and in its reports to stockholders. Generally, the inclusion of the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “project,” “anticipate,” “will,” “should” and similar expressions identify statements that constitute forward-looking statements. All statements addressing operating performance of CVS Caremark Corporation or any subsidiary, events or developments that the Company expects or anticipates will occur in the future, including statements relating to revenue growth, earnings or earnings per common share growth, free cash flow, debt ratings, inventory levels, inventory turn and loss rates, store development, relocations and new market entries, as well as statements expressing optimism or pessimism about future operating results or events, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Reform Act.

The forward-looking statements are and will be based upon management’s then-current views and assumptions regarding future events and operating performance, and are applicable only as of the dates of such statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

By their nature, all forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements for a number of reasons, including, but not limited to:

 

 

Our business is affected by the economy in general including changes in consumer purchasing power, preferences and/or spending patterns. These changes could affect drug utilizations trends, the number of covered lives and the financial health of our PBM clients. Further, interest rate fluctuations and changes in capital market conditions may affect our ability to obtain necessary financing on acceptable terms, our ability to secure suitable store locations under acceptable terms and our ability to execute future sale-leaseback transactions under acceptable terms;


 

40


 

Our ability to realize the anticipated long-term strategic benefits from the Caremark Merger

 

 

Our ability to realize the planned benefits associated with the Longs Acquisition in accordance with the expected timing;

 

 

The continued efforts of health maintenance organizations, managed care organizations, pharmacy benefit management companies and other third party payors to reduce prescription drug costs and pharmacy reimbursement rates, particularly with respect to generic pharmaceuticals;

 

 

The possibility of client loss and/or the failure to win new client business;

 

 

Risks related to the frequency and rate of the introduction of generic drugs and brand name prescription products.

 

 

The effect on our Pharmacy Services business of a declining margin environment attributable to increased competition in the pharmacy benefit management industry and increased client demands for lower prices, enhanced service offerings and/or higher service levels;

 

 

Risks related to our inability to earn and retain purchase discounts and/or rebates from pharmaceutical manufacturers at current levels;

 

 

Risks regarding the impact of the Medicare prescription drug benefit on our business;

 

 

Risks related to the change in industry pricing benchmarks that could adversely affect our financial performance;

 

 

Increased competition from other drugstore chains, supermarkets, discount retailers, membership clubs and Internet companies, as well as changes in consumer preferences or loyalties;

 

 

Risks related to proposed health care reform.

 

 

Litigation, legislative and regulatory risks associated with our business or the retail pharmacy business, retail clinic operations and/or pharmacy benefit management industry generally;

 

 

The risks relating to changes in laws and regulations, including changes in accounting standards and taxation requirements (including tax rate changes, new tax laws and revised tax law interpretations);

 

 

The risks relating to adverse developments in the health care or pharmaceutical industry generally, including, but not limited to, developments in any investigation related to the pharmaceutical industry that may be conducted by any governmental authority; and

 

 

Other risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The foregoing list is not exhaustive. There can be no assurance that the Company has correctly identified and appropriately assessed all factors affecting its business. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to the Company or that it currently believes to be immaterial also may adversely impact the Company. Should any risks and uncertainties develop into actual events, these developments could have material adverse effects on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. For these reasons, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the Company’s forward-looking statements.


 

41


Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that pertain to the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report a system of internal accounting controls and procedures to provide reasonable assurance, at an appropriate cost/benefit relationship, that the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets are prevented or timely detected and that transactions are authorized, recorded and reported properly to permit the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and receipt and expenditures are duly authorized. In order to ensure the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective, management regularly assesses such controls and did so most recently for its financial reporting as of December 31, 2009.

We conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting based on the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. This evaluation included review of the documentation, evaluation of the design effectiveness and testing of the operating effectiveness of controls. Our system of internal control over financial reporting is enhanced by periodic reviews by our internal auditors, written policies and procedures and a written Code of Conduct adopted by our Company’s Board of Directors, applicable to all employees of our Company. In addition, we have an internal Disclosure Committee, comprised of management from each functional area within the Company, which performs a separate review of our disclosure controls and procedures. There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any system of internal controls over financial reporting.

Based on our assessment, we conclude our Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective and provides reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded and that the financial records are reliable for preparing financial statements as of December 31, 2009.

Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, is appointed by the Board of Directors and ratified by our Company’s shareholders. They were engaged to render an opinion regarding the fair presentation of our consolidated financial statements as well as conducting an audit of internal control over financial reporting. Their accompanying report is based upon an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).

February 26, 2010

 

42


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders

CVS Caremark Corporation

We have audited CVS Caremark Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). CVS Caremark Corporation’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on CVS Caremark Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, CVS Caremark Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of CVS Caremark Corporation as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 of CVS Caremark Corporation and our report dated February 26, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Boston, Massachusetts

February 26, 2010

 

43


Consolidated Statements of Operations

 

     Fiscal Year Ended

In millions, except per share amounts

   Dec. 31,
2009
    Dec. 31,
2008
    Dec. 29,
2007

Net revenues

   $ 98,729      $ 87,472      $ 76,330

Cost of revenues

     78,349        69,182        60,222
                      

Gross profit

     20,380        18,290        16,108

Operating expenses

     13,942        12,244        11,314
                      

Operating profit

     6,438        6,046        4,794

Interest expense, net

     525        509        435
                      

Income before income tax provision

     5,913        5,537        4,359

Income tax provision

     2,205        2,193        1,722
                      

Income from continuing operations

     3,708        3,344        2,637

Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit

     (12     (132     —  
                      

Net income

     3,696        3,212        2,637

Preference dividends, net of income tax benefit

     —          14        14
                      

Net income available to common shareholders

   $ 3,696      $ 3,198      $ 2,623
                      

Basic earnings per common share:

      

Income from continuing operations

   $ 2.59      $ 2.32      $ 1.97

Loss from discontinued operations

     (0.01     (0.09     —  
                      

Net income

   $ 2.58      $ 2.23      $ 1.97
                      

Weighted average common shares outstanding

     1,434        1,434        1,328
                      

Diluted earnings per common share:

      

Income from continuing operations

   $ 2.56      $ 2.27      $ 1.92

Loss from discontinued operations

     (0.01     (0.09     —  
                      

Net income

   $ 2.55      $ 2.18      $ 1.92
                      

Weighted average common shares outstanding

     1,450        1,469        1,372
                      

Dividends declared per common share

   $ 0.30500      $ 0.25800      $ 0.22875

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

44


Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

In millions, except per share amounts

   December 31,  
   2009     2008  

Assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 1,086      $ 1,352   

Short-term investments

     5        —     

Accounts receivable, net

     5,457        5,384   

Inventories

     10,343        9,153   

Deferred income taxes

     506        435   

Other current assets

     140        202   
                

Total current assets

     17,537        16,526   

Property and equipment, net

     7,923        8,125   

Goodwill

     25,680        25,494   

Intangible assets, net

     10,127        10,446   

Other assets

     374        369   
                

Total assets

   $ 61,641      $ 60,960   
                

Liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 3,560      $ 3,801   

Claims and discounts payable

     3,075        2,814   

Accrued expenses

     3,246        3,178   

Short-term debt

     315        3,044   

Current portion of long-term debt

     2,104        653   
                

Total current liabilities

     12,300        13,490   

Long-term debt

     8,756        8,057   

Deferred income taxes

     3,678        3,702   

Other long-term liabilities

     1,102        1,137   

Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)

    

Redeemable noncontrolling interest

     37        —     

Shareholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock, par value $0.01: 0.1 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding

     —          —     

Preference stock, series one ESOP convertible, par value $1.00: 50 shares authorized; no issued and outstanding shares at December 31, 2009 and 4 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008

     —          191   

Common stock, par value $0.01: 3,200 shares authorized; 1,612 shares issued and 1,391 shares outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 1,603 shares issued and 1,436 shares outstanding at December 31, 2008

     16        16   

Treasury stock, at cost: 219 shares at December 31, 2009 and 165 shares at December 31, 2008

     (7,610     (5,812

Shares held in trust: 2 shares at December 31, 2009 and 2008

     (56     (56

Capital surplus

     27,198        27,280   

Retained earnings

     16,355        13,098   

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (135     (143
                

Total shareholders’ equity

     35,768        34,574   
                

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 61,641      $ 60,960   
                

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

45


Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

     Fiscal Year Ended  

In millions

   Dec. 31,
2009
    Dec. 31,
2008
    Dec. 29,
2007
 

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Cash receipts from revenues

   $ 93,568      $ 82,250      $ 72,533   

Cash paid for inventory and prescriptions dispensed by retail network pharmacies

     (73,536     (64,131     (56,319

Cash paid to other suppliers and employees

     (13,121     (11,832     (10,769

Interest and dividends received

     5        20        34   

Interest paid

     (542     (574     (468

Income taxes paid

     (2,339     (1,786     (1,781
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     4,035        3,947        3,230   
                        

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Additions to property and equipment

     (2,548     (2,180     (1,805

Proceeds from sale-leaseback transactions

     1,562        204        601   

Acquisitions (net of cash acquired) and other investments

     (101     (2,651     (1,984

Purchase of short-term investments

     (5     —          —     

Sale of short-term investments

     —          28        —     

Proceeds from sale or disposal of assets

     23        19        106   
                        

Net cash used in investing activities

     (1,069     (4,580     (3,082
                        

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Increase (decrease) in short-term debt

     (2,729     959        242   

Repayment of debt assumed in acquisition

     —          (353     —     

Issuance of long-term debt

     2,800        350        6,000   

Repayments of long-term debt

     (653     (2     (822

Dividends paid

     (439     (383     (323

Derivative settlements

     (3     —          —     

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     250        328        553   

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

     19        53        98   

Repurchase of common stock

     (2,477     (23     (5,370
                        

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     (3,232     929        378   
                        

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     (266     296        526   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

     1,352        1,056        530   
                        

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   $ 1,086      $ 1,352      $ 1,056   
                        

Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Net income

   $ 3,696      $ 3,212      $ 2,637   

Adjustments required to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Depreciation and amortization

     1,389        1,274        1,095   

Stock-based compensation

     165        92        78   

Deferred income taxes and other non-cash items

     48        (3     39   

Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions:

      

Accounts receivable, net

     (86     (291     280   

Inventories

     (1,199     (488     (448

Other current assets

     48        12        (59

Other assets

     (2     19        (26

Accounts payable

     4        (64     (181

Accrued expenses

     (66     183        (168

Other long-term liabilities

     38        1        (17
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 4,035      $ 3,947      $ 3,230   
                        

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

46


Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

 

     Shares     Dollars  

In millions

   Dec. 31,
2009
    Dec. 31,
2008
    Dec. 29,
2007
    Dec. 31,
2009
    Dec. 31,
2008
    Dec. 29,
2007
 

Preference stock:

            

Beginning of year

   4      4      4      $ 191      $ 202      $ 212   

Conversion to common stock

   (4   —        —          (191     (11     (10
                                          

End of year

   —        4      4      $ —        $ 191      $ 202   
                                          

Common stock:

            

Beginning of year

   1,603      1,590      847      $ 16      $ 16      $ 9   

Common stock issued for Caremark Merger

   —        —        713        —          —          7   

Stock options exercised and stock awards

   9      13      30        —          —          —     
                                          

End of year

   1,612      1,603      1,590      $ 16      $ 16      $ 16   
                                          

Treasury stock:

            

Beginning of year

   (165   (154   (22   $ (5,812   $ (5,620   $ (314

Purchase of treasury shares

   (73   (7   (135     (2,477     (33     (5,379

Conversion of preference stock

   17      1      1        583        35        25   

Transfer from shares held in trust

   —        (7   —          —          (272     —     

Employee stock purchase plan issuances

   2      2      2        96        78        48   
                                          

End of year

   (219   (165   (154   $ (7,610   $ (5,812   $ (5,620
                                          

Guaranteed ESOP obligation:

            

Beginning of year

         $ —        $ (44   $ (82

Reduction of guaranteed ESOP obligation

           —          44        38   
                              

End of year

         $ —        $ —        $ (44
                              

Shares held in trust:

            

Beginning of year

   (2   (9   —        $ (56   $ (301   $ —     

Transfer to treasury stock

   —        7      —          —          245        —     

Shares acquired through Caremark Merger

   —        —        (9     —          —          (301
                                          

End of year

   (2   (2   (9   $ (56   $ (56   $ (301
                                          

Capital surplus:

            

Beginning of year

         $ 27,280      $ 26,832      $ 2,198   

Common stock issued for Caremark Merger, net of issuance costs

           —          —          23,942   

Conversion of shares held in Trust to treasury stock

           —          27        —     

Stock option activity and stock awards

           291        392        608   

Tax benefit on stock options and stock awards

           19        53        98   

Conversion of preference stock

           (392     (24   $ (14
                              

End of year

         $ 27,198      $ 27,280      $ 26,832   
                              

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

47


Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

 

     Shares    Dollars  

In millions

   Dec. 31,
2009
   Dec. 31,
2008
   Dec. 29,
2007
   Dec. 31,
2009
    Dec. 31,
2008
    Dec. 29,
2007
 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss:

               

Beginning of year

            $ (143   $ (50   $ (73

Net cash flow hedges, net of income tax

              1        3        3   

Pension liability adjustment, net of income tax

              7        (96     20   
                                 

End of year

            $ (135   $ (143   $ (50
                                 

Retained earnings:

               

Beginning of year

            $ 13,098      $ 10,287      $ 7,966   

Net income

              3,696        3,212        2,637   

Common stock dividends

              (439     (370     (308

Preference stock dividends

              —          (14     (15

Tax benefit on preference stock dividends

              —          1        1   

Adoption of ASC 715-60 (formerly EITF 06-04 and 06-10)

              —          (18     —     

Adoption of ASC 740 (formerly FIN 48)

              —          —          6   
                                 

End of year

            $ 16,355      $ 13,098      $ 10,287   
                                 

Total shareholders’ equity

            $ 35,768      $ 34,574      $ 31,322   
                                 

Comprehensive income:

               

Net income

            $ 3,696      $ 3,212      $ 2,637   

Net cash flow hedges, net of income tax

              1        3        3   

Pension liability adjustment, net of income tax

              7        (96     20   
                                 

Comprehensive income

            $ 3,704      $ 3,119      $ 2,660   
                                 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

48


1 Significant Accounting Policies

Description of business - CVS Caremark Corporation (the “Company”) is the largest pharmacy health care provider (based on revenues and prescriptions filled) in the United States.

Pharmacy Services Segment (the “PSS”) - The PSS provides a full range of prescription benefit management services including mail order pharmacy services, specialty pharmacy services, plan design and administration, formulary management and claims processing. The Company’s clients are primarily employers, insurance companies, unions, government employee groups, managed care organizations and other sponsors of health benefit plans and individuals throughout the United States.

As a pharmacy benefits manager, the PSS manages the dispensing of pharmaceuticals through our mail order pharmacies and national network of approximately 64,000 retail pharmacies to eligible members in the benefits plans maintained by our clients and utilizes its information systems to perform, among other things, safety checks, drug interaction screenings and brand to generic substitutions.

The PSS’s specialty pharmacies support individuals that require complex and expensive drug therapies. The specialty pharmacy business includes mail order and retail specialty pharmacies that operate under the Caremark® and CarePlus CVS/pharmacyTM names.

The PSS also provides health management programs, which include integrated disease management for 27 conditions, through Alere® and our Accordant® health management offering.

In addition, through our SilverScript Insurance Company (“SilverScript”) and Accendo Insurance Company (“Accendo”) subsidiaries, the PSS is a national provider of drug benefits to eligible beneficiaries under the Federal Government’s Medicare Part D program. The PSS acquired Accendo in the Longs Acquisition (defined later in Note 2), and, effective January 1, 2009, Accendo replaced RxAmerica® as the Medicare-approved prescription drug plan for the RxAmerica Medicare Part D drug benefit plans.

The pharmacy services business generates net revenues primarily by contracting with clients to provide prescription drugs to plan members. Prescription drugs are dispensed by the mail order pharmacies, specialty pharmacies and national network of retail pharmacies. Net revenues are also generated by providing additional services to clients, including administrative services such as claims processing and formulary management, as well as health care related services such as disease management.

 

The pharmacy services business operates under the Caremark Pharmacy Services®, Caremark, CVS CaremarkTM, CarePlus CVS/pharmacy, CarePlusTM, RxAmerica Accordant Care™ and TheraCom® names. As of December 31, 2009, the Pharmacy Services segment operated 49 retail specialty pharmacy stores, 18 specialty mail order pharmacies and six mail service pharmacies located in 25 states, Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia.

Retail Pharmacy Segment (the “RPS”) - The RPS sells prescription drugs and a wide assortment of general merchandise, including over-the-counter drugs, beauty products and cosmetics, photo finishing, seasonal merchandise, greeting cards and convenience foods, through our CVS/pharmacy and Longs Drug retail stores and online through CVS.com®.

The RPS also provides health care services through its MinuteClinic health care clinics. MinuteClinics are staffed by nurse practitioners and physician assistants who utilize nationally recognized protocols to diagnose and treat minor health conditions, perform health screenings and deliver vaccinations.

As of December 31, 2009, the retail pharmacy business included 7,025 retail drugstores (of which 6,964 operated a pharmacy) located in 41 states and the District of Columbia operating primarily under the CVS/pharmacy® name, the online retail website, CVS.com® and 569 retail health care clinics operating under the MinuteClinic® name (of which 557 were located in CVS/pharmacy stores).

Corporate Segment - The Corporate segment provides management and administrative services to support the Company. The Corporate segment consists of certain aspects of our executive management, corporate relations, legal, compliance, human resources, corporate information technology and finance departments.

Principles of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Fiscal Year Change - On December 23, 2008, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a change in the Company’s fiscal year end from the Saturday nearest December 31 of each year to December 31 of each year to better reflect the Company’s position in the health care, rather than the retail, industry. The fiscal year change was effective beginning with the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.


 

49


Following is a summary of the impact of the fiscal year change:

 

Fiscal
Year

   Fiscal Year-End    Fiscal Period    Fiscal
Period
Includes

2009

   December 31, 2009    January 1, 2009 -
December 31, 2009
   365 days

2008

   December 31, 2008    December 30, 2007 -
December 31, 2008
   368 days

2007

   December 29, 2007    December 31, 2006 -
December 29, 2007
   364 days

Unless otherwise noted, all references to years relate to the above fiscal years.

Reclassifications - Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2008 and 2007 consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.

Use of estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Fair Value Hierarchy - The Company utilizes the three-level valuation hierarchy for the recognition and disclosure of fair value measurements. The categorization of assets and liabilities within this hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement of fair value. The three levels of the hierarchy consist of the following:

 

 

Level 1 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

 

Level 2 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the instrument.

 

 

Level 3 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable inputs based upon management’s best estimate of inputs market participants could use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date, including assumptions about risk.

Cash and cash equivalents - Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and temporary investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. The Company invests in short-term money market funds, commercial paper, time deposits, as well as other available-for-sale debt securities that are classified as cash and cash equivalents within the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, as these funds are highly

liquid and readily convertible to known amounts of cash. These investments are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices.

Short-term investments - The Company’s short-term investments consist of certificate of deposits with initial maturities of greater than three months when purchased. These investments, which were classified as available-for-sale within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy, were carried at historical cost, which approximated fair value at December 31, 2009. The Company had no short-term investments at December 31, 2008.

Fair value of financial instruments - As of December 31, 2009, the Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, short-term debt and current portion of short-term debt. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, the Company’s carrying value approximates fair value. The carrying amount and estimated fair value of long-term debt was $8.6 billion and $8.8 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2009. The fair value of long-term debt was estimated based on rates currently offered to the Company for debt with similar terms and maturities. The Company had outstanding letters of credit, which guaranteed foreign trade purchases, with a fair value of $9 million and $7 million as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. There were no outstanding investments in derivative financial instruments as of December 31, 2009 and 2008.

Accounts receivable - Accounts receivable are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $272 million and $189 million as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The balance primarily includes amounts due from third party providers (e.g., pharmacy benefit managers, insurance companies and governmental agencies) and vendors as well as clients, members and manufacturers.

Inventories - Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market on a first-in, first-out basis using the retail method of accounting to determine cost of sales and inventory in our CVS/pharmacy stores, average cost to determine cost of sales and inventory in our mail service and specialty pharmacies and the cost method of accounting to determine inventory in our distribution centers. Physical inventory counts are taken on a regular basis in each store and a continuous cycle count process is the primary procedure used to validate the inventory balances on hand in each distribution center to ensure that the amounts reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are properly stated. During the interim period between physical inventory counts, the Company


 

50


accrues for anticipated physical inventory losses on a location-by-location basis based on historical results and current trends. The cost method of accounting was used to determine inventory in the Longs Drug Stores as of December 31, 2008. The Longs Drug Stores began using the retail method of accounting beginning in the second quarter of 2009.

Property and equipment - Property, equipment and improvements to leased premises are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, or when applicable, the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Estimated useful lives generally range from 10 to 40 years for buildings, building improvements and leasehold improvements and 3 to 10 years for fixtures and equipment. Repair and maintenance costs are charged directly to expense as incurred. Major renewals or replacements that substantially extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated.

The following are the components of property and equipment at December 31:

 

In millions

   2009     2008  

Land

   $ 1,076      $ 1,304   

Building and improvements

     2,020        1,525   

Fixtures and equipment

     6,322        6,216   

Leasehold improvements

     2,673        2,581   

Software

     853        666   
                
     12,944        12,292   

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (5,021     (4,167
                
   $ 7,923      $ 8,125   
                

The gross amount of property and equipment under capital leases was $191 million and $182 million as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

The Company capitalizes application development stage costs for significant internally developed software projects. These costs are amortized over the estimated useful lives of the software, which generally range from 3 to 5 years.

Goodwill - Goodwill and other indefinite-lived assets are not amortized, but are subject to impairment reviews annually, or more frequently if necessary. See Note 3 for additional information on goodwill.

Intangible assets - Purchased customer contracts and relationships are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives between 10 and 20 years. Purchased customer lists are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of up to 10 years. Purchased leases are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining life of the lease. See Note 3 for additional information about intangible assets.

 

Impairment of long-lived assets - The Company groups and evaluates fixed and finite-lived intangible assets, excluding goodwill, for impairment at the lowest level at which individual cash flows can be identified. When evaluating assets for potential impairment, the Company first compares the carrying amount of the asset group to the individual store’s estimated future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges). If the estimated future cash flows used in this analysis are less than the carrying amount of the asset group, an impairment loss calculation is prepared. The impairment loss calculation compares the carrying amount of the asset group to the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (discounted and with interest charges). If required, an impairment loss is recorded for the portion of the asset group’s carrying value that exceeds the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (discounted and with interest charges).

Redeemable noncontrolling interest - The Company has an approximately 60% ownership interest in Generation Health, Inc. (“Generation Health”) and consolidates Generation Health in its consolidated financial statements. The noncontrolling shareholders of Generation Health hold put rights for the remaining interest in Generation Health that if exercised would require the Company to purchase the remaining interest in Generation Health in 2015 for a minimum of $27 million and a maximum of $159 million, depending on certain financial metrics of Generation Health in 2014. Since the noncontrolling shareholders of Generation Health have a redemption feature as a result of the put right, the Company has classified the redeemable noncontrolling interest in Generation Health in the mezzanine section of the consolidated balance sheet outside of shareholders’ equity. The Company initially recorded the redeemable noncontrolling interest at a fair value of $37 million on the date of acquisition. At the end of each reporting period, if the estimated accreted redemption value exceeds the carrying value of the noncontrolling interest, the difference is recorded as a reduction of retained earnings. Any such reductions in retained earnings would also reduce income available to common shareholders in the Company’s earnings per share calculations.

Revenue Recognition:

Pharmacy Services Segment - The PSS sells prescription drugs directly through its mail service pharmacies and indirectly through its national retail pharmacy network. The PSS recognizes revenues from prescription drugs sold by its mail service pharmacies and under national retail pharmacy network contracts where the PSS is the principal using the gross method at the contract prices negotiated with its clients. Net revenue from the PSS includes: (i) the portion of the price


 

51


the client pays directly to the PSS, net of any volume-related or other discounts paid back to the client (see “Drug Discounts” later in this document), (ii) the price paid to the PSS (“Mail Co-Payments”) or a third party pharmacy in the PSS’ national retail pharmacy network (“Retail Co-Payments”) by individuals included in its clients’ benefit plans and (iii) administrative fees for national retail pharmacy network contracts where the PSS is not the principal as discussed later in this document.

The PSS recognizes revenue when: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, (iii) the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company has established the following revenue recognition policies for the PSS:

 

 

Revenues generated from prescription drugs sold by mail service pharmacies are recognized when the prescription is shipped. At the time of shipment, the Company has performed substantially all of its obligations under its client contracts and does not experience a significant level of reshipments.

 

 

Revenues generated from prescription drugs sold by third party pharmacies in the PSS’ national retail pharmacy network and associated administrative fees are recognized at the PSS’ point-of-sale, which is when the claim is adjudicated by the PSS’ online claims processing system.

The PSS determines whether it is the principal or agent for its national retail pharmacy network transactions on a contract by contract basis. In the majority of its contracts, the PSS has determined it is the principal due to it: (i) being the primary obligor in the arrangement, (ii) having latitude in establishing the price, changing the product or performing part of the service, (iii) having discretion in supplier selection, (iv) having involvement in the determination of product or service specifications and (v) having credit risk. The PSS’ obligations under its client contracts for which revenues are reported using the gross method are separate and distinct from its obligations to the third party pharmacies included in its national retail pharmacy network contracts. Pursuant to these contracts, the PSS is contractually required to pay the third party pharmacies in its national retail pharmacy network for products sold, regardless of whether the PSS is paid by its clients. The PSS’ responsibilities under its client contracts typically include validating eligibility and coverage levels, communicating the prescription price and the co-payments due to the third party retail pharmacy, identifying possible adverse drug interactions for the pharmacist to address with the physician prior to dispensing, suggesting clinically appropriate generic alternatives where appropriate and

approving the prescription for dispensing. Although the PSS does not have credit risk with respect to Retail Co-Payments, management believes that all of the other indicators of gross revenue reporting are present. For contracts under which the PSS acts as an agent, the PSS records revenues using the net method.

Drug Discounts - The PSS deducts from its revenues any discounts paid to its clients. The PSS pays discounts to its

clients in accordance with the terms of its client contracts, which are normally based on a fixed discount per prescription for specific products dispensed or a percentage of manufacturer discounts received for specific products dispensed. The liability for discounts due to the PSS’ clients is included in “Claims and discounts payable” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Medicare Part D - The PSS participates in the Federal Government’s Medicare Part D program as a Prescription Drug Plan (“PDP”). The PSS’ net revenues include insurance premiums earned by the PDP, which are determined based on the PDP’s annual bid and related contractual arrangements with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”). The insurance premiums include a beneficiary premium, which is the responsibility of the PDP member, but is subsidized by CMS in the case of low-income members, and a direct premium paid by CMS. Premiums collected in advance are initially deferred in accrued expenses and are then recognized in net revenues over the period in which members are entitled to receive benefits.

In addition to these premiums, the PSS’ net revenues include co-payments, deductibles and co-insurance (collectively, the “Member Co-Payments”) related to PDP members’ actual prescription claims in its net revenues. In certain cases, CMS subsidizes a portion of these Member Co-Payments and pays the PSS an estimated prospective Member Co-Payment subsidy amount each month. The prospective Member Co-Payment subsidy amounts received from CMS are also included in the PSS’ net revenues. The Company assumes no risk for these amounts, which represented 3.5%, 1.3% and 0.8% of consolidated net revenues in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. If the prospective Member Co-Payment subsidies received differ from the amounts based on actual prescription claims, the difference is recorded in either accounts receivable or accrued expenses.

The PSS accounts for CMS obligations and Member Co-Payments (including the amounts subsidized by CMS) using the gross method consistent with its revenue recognition policies for Mail Co-Payments and Retail Co-Payments (discussed previously in this document). See Note 7 for additional information about Medicare Part D.


 

52


Retail Pharmacy Segment - The RPS recognizes revenue from the sale of merchandise (other than prescription drugs) at the time the merchandise is purchased by the retail customer. Revenue from the sale of prescription drugs is recognized at the time the prescription is filled, which is or approximates when the retail customer picks up the prescription. Customer returns are not material. Revenue generated from the performance of services in the RPS’ health care clinics is recognized at the time the services are performed. See Note 13 for additional information about the revenues of the Company’s business segments.

Cost of revenues:

Pharmacy Services Segment - The PSS’ cost of revenues includes: (i) the cost of prescription drugs sold during the reporting period directly through its mail service pharmacies and indirectly through its national retail pharmacy network, (ii) shipping and handling costs and (iii) the operating costs of its mail service pharmacies and client service operations and related information technology support costs including depreciation and amortization. The cost of prescription drugs sold component of cost of revenues includes: (i) the cost of the prescription drugs purchased from manufacturers or distributors and shipped to members in clients’ benefit plans from the PSS’ mail service pharmacies, net of any volume-related or other discounts (see “Drug Discounts” previously in this document) and (ii) the cost of prescription drugs sold (including Retail Co-Payments) through the PSS’ national retail pharmacy network under contracts where it is the principal, net of any volume-related or other discounts.

Retail Pharmacy Segment - The RPS’ cost of revenues includes: the cost of merchandise sold during the reporting period and the related purchasing costs, warehousing and delivery costs (including depreciation and amortization) and actual and estimated inventory losses. See Note 13 for additional information about the cost of revenues of the Company’s business segments.

Vendor allowances and purchase discounts:

The Company accounts for vendor allowances and purchase discounts as follows:

Pharmacy Services Segment - The PSS receives purchase discounts on products purchased. The PSS’ contractual arrangements with vendors, including manufacturers, wholesalers and retail pharmacies, normally provide for the PSS to receive purchase discounts from established list prices in one, or a combination of, the following forms: (i) a direct discount at the time of purchase, (ii) a discount for the prompt payment of invoices or (iii) when products are purchased indirectly

from a manufacturer (e.g., through a wholesaler or retail pharmacy), a discount (or rebate) paid subsequent to dispensing. These rebates are recognized when prescriptions are dispensed and are generally calculated and billed to manufacturers within 30 days of the end of each completed quarter. Historically, the effect of adjustments resulting from the reconciliation of rebates recognized to the amounts billed and collected has not been material to the PSS’ results of operations. The PSS accounts for the effect of any such differences as a change in accounting estimate in the period the reconciliation is completed. The PSS also receives additional discounts under its wholesaler contract if it exceeds contractually defined annual purchase volumes.

The PSS earns purchase discounts at various points in its business cycle (e.g., when the product is purchased, when the vendor is paid or when the product is dispensed) for products sold through its mail service pharmacies and third party pharmacies included in its national retail pharmacy network. In addition, the PSS receives fees from pharmaceutical manufacturers for administrative services. Purchase discounts and administrative service fees are recorded as a reduction of “Cost of revenues”.

Retail Pharmacy Segment - Vendor allowances received by the RPS reduce the carrying cost of inventory and are recognized in cost of revenues when the related inventory is sold, unless they are specifically identified as a reimbursement of incremental costs for promotional programs and/or other services provided. Funds that are directly linked to advertising commitments are recognized as a reduction of advertising expense (included in operating expenses) when

the related advertising commitment is satisfied. Any such allowances received in excess of the actual cost incurred also reduce the carrying cost of inventory. The total value of any upfront payments received from vendors that are linked to purchase commitments is initially deferred. The deferred amounts are then amortized to reduce cost of revenues over the life of the contract based upon purchase volume. The total value of any upfront payments received from vendors that are not linked to purchase commitments is also initially deferred. The deferred amounts are then amortized to reduce cost of revenues on a straight-line basis over the life of the related contract. The total amortization of these upfront payments was not material to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Insurance - The Company is self-insured for certain losses related to general liability, workers’ compensation and auto liability. The Company obtains third party insurance coverage to limit exposure from these claims. The Company is also


 

53


self-insured for certain losses related to health and medical liabilities. The Company’s self-insurance accruals, which include reported claims and claims incurred but not reported, are calculated using standard insurance industry actuarial assumptions and the Company’s historical claims experience.

Store opening and closing costs - New store opening costs, other than capital expenditures, are charged directly to expense when incurred. When the Company closes a store, the present value of estimated unrecoverable costs, including the remaining lease obligation less estimated sublease income and the book value of abandoned property and equipment, are charged to expense. The long-term portion of the lease obligations associated with store closings was $424 million and $399 million in 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Advertising costs - Advertising costs are expensed when the related advertising takes place. Advertising costs, net of vendor funding (included in operating expenses), were $317 million in 2009, $324 million in 2008 and $291 million in 2007.

Interest expense, net - Interest expense was $530 million, $530 million and $468 million, and interest income was $5 million, $21 million and $33 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Capitalized interest totaled $39 million in 2009, $28 million in 2008 and $24 million in 2007.

Shares held in trust - As a result of the Caremark Merger (see Note 2), the Company maintains grantor trusts, which held approximately 2 million shares of its common stock at December 31, 2009 and 2008. These shares are designated for use under various employee compensation plans. Since the Company holds these shares, they are excluded from the computation of basic and diluted shares outstanding.

Accumulated other comprehensive loss - Accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of changes in the net actuarial gains and losses associated with pension and other postretirement benefit plans, and unrealized losses on derivatives. The amount included in accumulated other comprehensive income related to the Company’s pension and postretirement plans was $203 million pre-tax ($125 million after-tax) as of December 31, 2009 and $217 million pre-tax ($132 million after-tax) as of December 31, 2008. The net impact on cash flow hedges totaled $15 million pre-tax ($10 million after-tax) and $17 million pre-tax ($11 million after-tax) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Stock-based compensation - Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the applicable requisite service period of the stock award (generally

3 to 5 years) using the straight-line method. Stock-based compensation costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Income taxes - The Company provides for federal and state income taxes currently payable, as well as for those deferred because of timing differences between reported income and expenses for financial statement purposes versus tax purposes. Federal and state tax credits are recorded as a reduction of income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recoverable or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates is recognized as income or expense in the period of the change.

Loss from discontinued operations - In connection with certain business dispositions completed between 1991 and 1997, the Company continues to guarantee store lease obligations for a number of former subsidiaries, including Linens ‘n Things. On May 2, 2008, Linens Holding Co. and certain affiliates, which operate Linens ‘n Things, filed voluntary petitions under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. The Company’s loss from discontinued operations includes $12 million of lease-related costs ($19 million, net of a $7 million income tax benefit) and $132 million of lease-related costs ($214 million, net of an $82 million income tax benefit) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, which the Company believes is likely required to satisfy the lease guarantees associated with Linens ‘n Things.

Earnings per common share - Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing: (i) net earnings, after deducting the after-tax Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) preference dividends, by (ii) the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year (the “Basic Shares”).

When computing diluted earnings per common share for fiscal years 2008 and 2007, the Company assumed that the ESOP preference stock was converted into common stock and all dilutive stock awards were exercised. After the assumed ESOP preference stock conversion, the ESOP Trust would hold common stock rather than ESOP preference stock and would receive common stock dividends ($0.25800 per share in 2008 and $0.22875 per share in 2007) rather than ESOP preference stock dividends ($3.90 per share). Since the ESOP Trust used


 

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the dividends it received to service its debt, the Company had to increase its contribution to the ESOP Trust to compensate it for the lower dividends. This additional contribution reduced the Company’s net earnings, which in turn, reduced the amounts that would be accrued under the Company’s incentive compensation plans.

Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing: (i) net earnings, after accounting for the difference between the dividends on the ESOP preference stock and common stock and after making adjustments for the incentive compensation plans, by (ii) Basic Shares plus the additional shares that would be issued assuming that all dilutive stock awards are exercised and the ESOP preference stock is converted into common stock. Options to purchase 37.7 million, 20.9 million, and 10.7 million shares of common stock were outstanding as of December 31, 2009, December 31, 2008 and December 29, 2007, respectively, but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the options’ exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares and, therefore, the effect would be antidilutive. See Note 8 for additional information about the ESOP.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In the third quarter of 2009, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) as the source of authoritative generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for nongovernmental entities. The ASC does not change GAAP but rather takes the numerous individual pronouncements that previously constituted GAAP and reorganizes them into approximately 90 accounting topics, and displays all topics using a consistent structure. Citing particular content in the ASC involves specifying the unique numeric path to the content. The adoption of ASC did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

During the second quarter of 2009, the Company adopted ASC 855 Subsequent Events (formerly Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 165, “Subsequent Events”) which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but prior to the issuance of the financial statements. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position, cash flows or disclosures.

During the first quarter of 2009, the Company adopted ASC 805 Business Combinations (“ASC 805”) (formerly SFAS No. 141 (R), “Business Combinations”). ASC 805 establishes

the principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. The guidance also establishes disclosure requirements that will enable users to evaluate the nature and financial effects of business combinations. ASC 805 requires that income tax benefits related to business combinations that are not recorded at the date of acquisition are recorded as an income tax benefit in the statement of operations when subsequently recognized. Previously, unrecognized income tax benefits related to business combinations were recorded as an adjustment to the purchase price allocation when recognized. During 2009, the Company recognized approximately $147 million of previously unrecognized income tax benefits related to business combinations (after considering the federal benefit of state taxes), plus interest, due to the expiration of various statutes of limitations and settlements with tax authorities. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had approximately $20 million of unrecognized tax benefits (after considering the federal benefit of state taxes), plus interest, related to business combinations that would have been treated as an adjustment to the purchase price allocation if they would have been recognized under the previous business combination guidance.

In April 2009, the FASB issued further guidance as it relates to ASC 805 (formerly FASB Staff Position No. FAS 141(R)-1, “Accounting for Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in a Business Combination That Arise from Contingencies”) to address the initial recognition, measurement and subsequent accounting for assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in a business combination, and requires that such assets acquired or liabilities assumed be initially recognized at fair value at the acquisition date if fair value can be determined during the measurement period. If the acquisition-date fair value cannot be determined, the asset acquired or liability assumed arising from a contingency is recognized only if certain criteria are met. This guidance also requires that a systematic and rational basis for subsequently measuring and accounting for the assets or liabilities be developed depending on their nature. The adoption of this guidance may have an impact on the accounting for future business combinations, but the effect is dependant upon acquisitions at that time.

During the first quarter of 2009, the Company adopted SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements”, which is now included in ASC 810 Consolidations. This statement requires the presentation of net income (loss) allocable to noncontrolling interests along with net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of the


 

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company to be separately disclosed in the consolidated statement of operations. Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries are generally required to be reported as a separate component of equity in the consolidated balance sheet, apart from the equity of the parent company. However, a redeemable noncontrolling interest subject to a put option, which may require the purchase of an interest in a consolidated subsidiary from a noncontrolling interest holder, is required to be classified outside of shareholders’ equity.

During the first quarter of 2008, the Company adopted additional guidance within ASC 715-60 Defined Benefit Plans-Other Postretirement (formerly Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements” and EITF No. 06-10, “Accounting for Collateral Assignment Split-Dollar Life Insurance Agreements”). The application of this guidance requires a company to recognize a liability for the discounted value of the future premium benefits that a company will incur through the death of the underlying insured and provides guidance for determining a liability for the postretirement benefit obligation as well as recognition and measurement of the associated asset on the basis of the terms of the collateral assignment agreement. The adoption of the content within ASC 715-60 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Recent Accounting Pronouncement Not Yet Effective

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167 (not yet codified in ASC), “Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R),” (“SFAS 167”). The standard amends the content within ASC 810 Consolidations (formerly FASB Interpretations (“FIN”) No. 46 (R)) to require a company to analyze whether its interest in a variable interest entity (“VIE”) gives it a controlling financial interest. The determination of whether a company is required to consolidate another entity is based on, among other things, the other entity’s purpose and design and a company’s ability to direct the activities of the other entity that most significantly impact the other entity’s economic performance. Additional disclosures are required to identify a company’s involvement with the VIE and any significant changes in risk exposure due to such involvement. SFAS 167 is effective for all new and existing VIEs as of the beginning of the first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2009. The Company does not believe the adoption of SFAS 167 will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

 

2 Business Combinations

Effective March 22, 2007, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of November 1, 2006, as amended (the “Merger Agreement”), Caremark Rx, Inc. was merged with a newly formed subsidiary of CVS Corporation, with Caremark Rx, Inc., L.L.C. (“Caremark”) continuing as the surviving entity (the “Caremark Merger”). Following the merger, the Company changed its name to CVS Caremark Corporation.

Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Caremark shareholders received 1.67 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company for each share of common stock of Caremark, par value $0.001 per share, issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger. In addition, Caremark shareholders of record as of the close of business on the day immediately preceding the closing date of the merger received a special cash dividend of $7.50 per share.

CVS Corporation was considered the acquirer of Caremark for accounting purposes and the total purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Caremark based on their fair values as of March 22, 2007. The total consideration was approximately $26.9 billion and includes amounts related to Caremark common stock ($23.3 billion), Caremark stock options ($600 million) and special cash dividend ($3.2 billion), less shares held in trust ($300 million). The results of the operations of Caremark have been included in the consolidated statements of operations since March 22, 2007.

Effective October 20, 2008, the Company acquired Longs Drug Stores Corporation for approximately $2.6 billion (the “Longs Acquisition”). The fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were $4.4 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively. The Longs Acquisition included 529 retail drug stores, RxAmerica, LLC, which provides pharmacy benefit management services and Medicare Part D benefits and other related assets. The Company’s results of operations and cash flows include the Longs Acquisition beginning October 20, 2008.

Effective December 30, 2009, the Company acquired an approximately 60% interest in Generation Health, a genetic benefit management company for approximately $34 million in cash and issued certain put rights to the remaining noncontrolling shareholders. The put rights allow the noncontrolling shareholders to require the Company to buy their shares for cash in the future, depending on certain financial metrics of Generation Health. The fair value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest including put rights on the date of acquisition was approximately $37 million which was determined using inputs classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.


 

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3 Goodwill and Other Intangibles

Goodwill and other indefinitely-lived assets are not amortized, but are subject to annual impairment reviews, or more frequent reviews if events or circumstances indicate impairment may exist.

When evaluating goodwill for potential impairment, the Company first compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount. The Company estimates the fair value of its reporting units using a combination of a future discounted cash flow valuation model and a comparable market transaction model. As the Company utilizes internal financial projections for the determination of future cash flows, the fair value methodology is considered to use inputs classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, an impairment loss calculation is prepared. The impairment loss calculation compares the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of its goodwill. If the carrying amount of the goodwill exceeds the implied fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess. During the third quarter of 2009, the Company performed its required annual goodwill impairment tests. The Company concluded there were no goodwill impairments as of the testing date. The carrying amount of goodwill was $25.7 billion and $25.5 billion as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. During 2009, goodwill increased primarily due to the acquisition of Generation Health and the finalization of the purchase price allocation in connection with the Longs Acquisition.

 

Indefinitely-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment by comparing the estimated fair value of the asset to its carrying value. The Company estimates the fair value of its indefinitely-lived trademark using the relief from royalty method under the income approach. As this method of estimating fair value utilizes internal financial projections for determination of future cash flows, the fair value methodology is considered to use inputs classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. If the carrying value of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value, an impairment loss is recognized and the asset is written down to its estimated fair value. During the third quarter of 2009, the Company performed its annual impairment test of the indefinitely-lived trademark and concluded there was no impairment as of the testing date. The carrying amount of indefinitely-lived assets was $6.4 billion as of December 31, 2009 and 2008. Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives.

The Company amortizes intangible assets with finite lives over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, which have a weighted average useful life of 13.2 years. The weighted average useful lives of the Company’s customer contracts and relationships and covenants not to compete are 12.8 years. The weighted average of the Company’s favorable leases and other intangible assets are 15.3 years. Amortization expense for intangible assets totaled $430 million, $405 million and $344 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The anticipated annual amortization expense for these intangible assets is $418 million in 2010, $409 million in 2011, $390 million in 2012, $367 million in 2013 and $335 million in 2014.


 

The following table is a summary of the Company’s intangible assets as of December 31:

 

     2009    2008

In millions

   Gross
Carrying
Amount
   Accumulated
Amortization
    Net
Carrying
Amount
   Gross
Carrying
Amount
   Accumulated
Amortization
    Net
Carrying
Amount

Trademarks (indefinitely-lived)

   $ 6,398    $ —        $ 6,398    $ 6,398    $ —        $ 6,398

Customer contracts and relationships and covenants not to compete

     4,828      (1,604     3,224      4,749      (1,240     3,509

Favorable leases and other

     756      (251     505      719      (180     539
                                           
   $ 11,982    $ (1,855   $ 10,127    $ 11,866    $ (1,420   $ 10,446
                                           

 

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4 Share Repurchase Program

On November 4, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized, effective immediately, a share repurchase program for up to $2.0 billion of its outstanding common stock (the “2009 Repurchase Program”). The share repurchase program expires in December 2011 and permits the Company to effect repurchases from time to time through a combination of open market repurchases, privately negotiated transactions and/or accelerated share repurchase programs. From November 4, 2009 through December 31, 2009, the Company repurchased 16.1 million shares of common stock for approximately $500 million pursuant to the 2009 Repurchase Program. The 2009 Repurchase Program may be modified, extended or terminated by the Company’s Board of Directors at any time.

On May 7, 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized, effective May 21, 2008, a share repurchase program for up to $2.0 billion of its outstanding common stock (the “2008 Repurchase Program”). From May 21, 2008 through December 31, 2008, the Company repurchased approximately 0.6 million shares of common stock for $23 million under the 2008 Repurchase Program. During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company repurchased approximately 57.0 million shares of common stock for approximately $2.0 billion completing the 2008 Repurchase Program.

On May 9, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $5.0 billion of its outstanding common stock. The share repurchase program was completed during 2007 through a $2.5 billion fixed dollar accelerated share repurchase agreement (the “May ASR agreement”), under which final settlement occurred in October 2007 and resulted in the repurchase of approximately 67.5 million shares of common stock; an open market repurchase program, which concluded in November 2007 and resulted in approximately 5.3 million shares of common stock being repurchased for approximately $212 million; and a $2.3 billion dollar fixed accelerated share repurchase agreement (the “November ASR agreement”), which resulted in an initial 51.6 million shares of common stock being purchased and placed into treasury stock as of December 29, 2007. The final settlement under the November ASR agreement occurred on March 28, 2008 and resulted in the Company receiving an additional 5.7 million shares of common stock, which were placed into treasury stock as of March 29, 2008.

 

5 Borrowing and Credit Agreements

The following table is a summary of the Company’s borrowings as of December 31:

 

In millions

   2009     2008  

Commercial paper

   $ 315      $ 2,544   

Bridge credit facility

     —          500   

4.0% senior notes due 2009

     —          650   

Floating rate notes due 2010(1)

     350        350   

Floating rate notes due 2010(1)

     1,750        1,750   

5.75% senior notes due 2011

     800        800   

Floating rate note due 2011(1)

     300        —     

4.875% senior notes due 2014

     550        550   

6.125% senior notes due 2016

     700        700   

5.75% senior notes due 2017

     1,750        1,750   

6.25% senior notes due 2027

     1,000        1,000   

6.60% senior notes due 2019

     1,000        —     

6.125% note due 2039

     1,500        —     

6.302% Enhanced Capital Advantage Preferred Securities

     1,000        1,000   

Mortgage notes payable

     6        7   

Capital lease obligations

     154        153   
                
     11,175        11,754   

Less:

    

Short-term debt

     (315     (3,044

Current portion of long-term debt

     (2,104     (653
                
   $ 8,756      $ 8,057   
                

 

(1) As of December 31, 2009, the weighted average interest rate for the Company’s floating rate notes due in 2010 was 0.87%.

In connection with its commercial paper program, the Company maintains a $675 million, five-year unsecured back-up credit facility, which expires on June 2, 2010, a $1.4 billion, five-year unsecured back-up credit facility, which expires on May 12, 2011 and a $1.3 billion, five-year unsecured back-up credit facility, which expires on March 12, 2012. The credit facilities allow for borrowings at various rates depending on the Company’s public debt ratings and require the Company to pay a quarterly facility fee of 0.1%, regardless of usage. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had no outstanding borrowings against the back-up credit facilities. The weighted average interest rate for short-term debt was 0.31% as of December 31, 2009 and 5.36% as of December 31, 2008.

On March 10, 2009, the Company issued $1.0 billion of 6.60% unsecured senior notes due March 15, 2019 (the “March 2009 Notes”). The March 2009 Notes pay interest semi-annually and may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds were used to repay the bridge credit facility, a portion of the Company’s outstanding commercial paper borrowings and for general corporate purposes.


 

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On July 1, 2009, the Company issued a $300 million unsecured floating rate senior note due January 30, 2011 (the “the 2009 Floating Rate Note”). The 2009 Floating Rate Note pays interest quarterly. The net proceeds from the 2009 Floating Rate Note were used for general corporate purposes.

On September 8, 2009, the Company issued $1.5 billion of 6.125% unsecured senior notes due September 15, 2039 (the “September 2009 Notes”). The September 2009 Notes pay interest semi-annually and may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds were used to repay a portion of the Company’s outstanding commercial paper borrowings, $650 million of unsecured senior notes and for general corporate purposes.

On September 10, 2008, the Company issued $350 million of floating rate senior notes due September 10, 2010 (the “2008 Notes”). The 2008 Notes pay interest quarterly and may be redeemed at any time, in whole or in part at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds from the 2008 Notes were used to fund a portion of the Longs Acquisition.

On May 22, 2007, the Company issued $1.75 billion of floating rate senior notes due June 1, 2010, $1.75 billion of 5.75% unsecured senior notes due June 1, 2017, and $1.0 billion of 6.25% unsecured senior notes due June 1, 2027 (collectively the “2007 Notes”). Also on May 22, 2007, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell $1.0 billion of Enhanced Capital Advantaged Preferred Securities (“ECAPS”) due June 1, 2062 to the underwriters. The ECAPS bear interest at 6.30% per year until June 1, 2012 at which time they will pay interest based on a floating rate. The 2007 Notes and ECAPS pay interest semi-annually and may be redeemed at any time, in whole or in part at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds from the 2007 Notes and ECAPS were used to repay a portion of the bridge credit facility and commercial paper borrowings used to fund a portion of the Longs Acquisition purchase price and retire $353 million of debt assumed as part of the Longs Acquisition.

The credit facilities, back-up credit facilities, unsecured senior notes and ECAPS contain customary restrictive financial and operating covenants. The covenants do not materially affect the Company’s financial or operating flexibility.

The aggregate maturities of long-term debt for each of the five years subsequent to December 31, 2009 are $2.1 billion in 2010, $1.1 billion in 2011, $1.0 billion in 2012, $5 million in 2013 and $555 million in 2014.

 

6 Leases

The Company leases most of its retail and mail locations, 11 of its distribution centers and certain corporate offices under non-cancelable operating leases, with initial terms of 15 to 25 years and with options that permit renewals for additional periods. The Company also leases certain equipment and other assets under noncancelable operating leases, with initial terms of 3 to 10 years. Minimum rent is expensed on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. In addition to minimum rental payments, certain leases require additional payments based on sales volume, as well as reimbursement for real estate taxes, common area maintenance and insurance, which are expensed when incurred.

The following table is a summary of the Company’s net rental expense for operating leases for the respective years:

 

In millions

   2009     2008     2007  

Minimum rentals

   $ 1,857      $ 1,691      $ 1,557   

Contingent rentals

     61        58        65   
                        
     1,918        1,749        1,622   

Less: sublease income

     (19     (25     (21
                        
   $ 1,899      $ 1,724      $ 1,601   
                        

The following table is a summary of the future minimum lease payments under capital and operating leases as of December 31, 2009:

 

In millions

   Capital
Leases
    Operating
Leases

2010

   $ 17      $ 2,094

2011

     17        1,877

2012

     18        1,953

2013

     18        1,855

2014

     18        1,657

Thereafter

     236        17,477
              

Total future lease payments

   $ 324      $ 26,913
        

Less: imputed interest

     (170  
          

Present value of capital lease obligations

   $ 154     
          

The Company finances a portion of its store development program through sale-leaseback transactions. The properties are sold at fair value, which approximates net book value, and the resulting leases qualify and are accounted for as operating leases. The operating leases that resulted from these transactions are included in the above table. The Company does not have any retained or contingent interests in the stores and does not provide any guarantees, other than a guarantee of lease payments, in connection with the sale-leaseback transactions. Proceeds from sale-leaseback transactions totaled $1.6 billion in 2009. This compares to $204 million in 2008 and $601 million in 2007.


 

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7 Medicare Part D

The Company offers Medicare Part D benefits through SilverScript and Accendo, which have contracted with CMS to be a PDP and, pursuant to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (“MMA”), must be risk-bearing entities regulated under state insurance laws or similar statutes.

SilverScript and Accendo are licensed domestic insurance companies under the applicable laws and regulations. Pursuant to these laws and regulations, SilverScript and Accendo must file quarterly and annual reports with the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) and certain state regulators, must maintain certain minimum amounts of capital and surplus under a formula established by the NAIC and must, in certain circumstances, request and receive the approval of certain state regulators before making dividend payments or other capital distributions to the Company. The Company does not believe these limitations on dividends and distributions materially impact its financial position.

The Company has recorded estimates of various assets and liabilities arising from its participation in the Medicare Part D program based on information in its claims management and enrollment systems. Significant estimates arising from its participation in this program include: (i) estimates of low-income cost subsidy and reinsurance amounts ultimately payable to or receivable from CMS based on a detailed claims reconciliation that will occur in 2010; (ii) estimates of amounts payable to or receivable from other PDPs for claims costs incurred as a result of retroactive enrollment changes, which were communicated by CMS after such claims had been incurred; and (iii) an estimate of amounts receivable from or payable to CMS under a risk-sharing feature of the Medicare Part D program design, referred to as the risk corridor.

 

8 Employee Stock Ownership Plan

The Company sponsored a defined contribution Employee Stock Ownership Plan (the “ESOP”) that covered full-time employees with at least one year of service.

In 1989, the ESOP Trust issued and sold $358 million of 20-year, 8.52% notes, which were due and retired on December 31, 2008 (the “ESOP Notes”). The proceeds from the ESOP Notes were used to purchase 7 million shares of Series One ESOP Convertible Preference Stock (the “ESOP Preference Stock”) from the Company. Since the ESOP Notes were guaranteed by the Company, the outstanding balance was reflected as long-term debt, and a corresponding guaranteed ESOP obligation was reflected in shareholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheet.

Each share of ESOP Preference Stock had a guaranteed minimum liquidation value of $53.45, was convertible into 4.628 shares of common stock and was entitled to receive an annual dividend of $3.90 per share.

The ESOP Trust used the dividends received and contributions from the Company to repay the ESOP Notes. As the ESOP Notes were repaid, ESOP Preference Stock was allocated to plan participants based on (i) the ratio of each year’s debt service payment to total current and future debt service payments multiplied by (ii) the number of unallocated shares of ESOP Preference Stock in the plan.

As of December 31, 2009, no shares of ESOP Preference Stock were outstanding and allocated to plan participants. On January 30, 2009, pursuant to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Charter”), the Company informed the trustee of the ESOP Trust of its intent to redeem for cash all of the outstanding shares of ESOP Preference Stock on February 24, 2009 (the “Redemption Date”). Under the Charter, at any time prior to the Redemption Date, the trustee had the right to convert the ESOP Preference Stock into shares of the Company’s Common Stock. The conversion rate at the time of the notice was 4.628 shares of Common Stock for each share of ESOP Preference Stock. The trustee exercised its right of conversion on February 23, 2009, and all outstanding shares of ESOP Preference Stock were converted into Common Stock.

Annual ESOP expense recognized is equal to (i) the interest incurred on the ESOP Notes plus (ii) the higher of (a) the principal repayments or (b) the cost of the shares allocated, less (iii) the dividends paid. Similarly, the guaranteed ESOP obligation is reduced by the higher of (i) the principal payments or (ii) the cost of shares allocated.


 

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9 Pension Plans and Other Postretirement Benefits

During the fourth quarter of 2009, the Company adopted the new disclosure requirements of ASC 715 Subtopic 20 – Defined Benefit Plans (formerly FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. FAS 132(R)-1, “Employers’ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets”), which enhances the required disclosures about plan assets in an employer’s defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan, including investment allocations decisions, inputs and valuations techniques used to measure the fair value of plan assets and significant concentrations of risks within plan assets.

Defined Contribution Plans

The Company sponsors voluntary 401(k) Savings Plans that cover substantially all employees who meet plan eligibility requirements. The Company makes matching contributions consistent with the provisions of the plans. At the participant’s option, account balances, including the Company’s matching contribution, can be moved without restriction among various investment options, including the Company’s common stock. The Company also maintains a nonqualified, unfunded Deferred Compensation Plan for certain key employees. This plan provides participants the opportunity to defer portions of their compensation and receive matching contributions that they would have otherwise received under the 401(k) Savings Plan if not for certain restrictions and limitations under the Internal Revenue Code. The Company’s contribution under the above defined contribution plans totaled $173 million in 2009, $117 million in 2008 and $81 million in 2007. The Company also sponsored an Employee Stock Ownership Plan. See Note 8 for additional information about this plan.

Other Postretirement Benefits

The Company provides postretirement health care and life insurance benefits to certain retirees who meet eligibility requirements. The Company’s funding policy is generally to pay covered expenses as they are incurred. For retiree medical plan accounting, the Company reviews external data and its own historical trends for health care costs to determine the health care cost trend rates. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company’s postretirement medical plans have an accumulated postretirement benefit obligation of $17 million. Net periodic benefit costs related to these postretirement medical plans were approximately $1 million for 2009, 2008 and 2007.

Pension Plans

The Company sponsors ten non-contributory defined benefit pension plans that cover certain full-time employees, which were frozen in prior periods. These plans are funded based on actuarial calculations and applicable federal regulations. As of December 31, 2009, the Company’s qualified defined benefit plans have a projected benefit obligation of $612 million and plan assets of $372 million. As of December 31, 2008, the Company’s qualified defined benefit plans had a projected benefit obligation of $546 million and plan assets of $286 million. Net periodic pension costs related to these qualified benefit plans were $16 million, $9 million and $14 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The discount rate is determined by examining the current yields observed on the measurement date of fixed-interest, high quality investments expected to be available during the period to maturity of the related benefits on a plan by plan basis. The discount rate for the plans was 6.0% in 2009 and 6.25% in 2008. The expected long-term rate of return is determined by using the target allocation and historical returns for each asset class on a plan by plan basis. The expected long-term rate of return for all plans was 8.5% in 2009, 2008 and 2007.

The Company uses an investment strategy, which emphasizes equities in order to produce higher expected returns, and in the long run, lower expected expense and cash contribution requirements. The pension plan assets allocation targets were 60% equity and 40% fixed income. As the result of a detailed asset liability study performed during the fourth quarter of 2009, the pension plan asset allocation shall target 50% equity and 50% fixed income during the upcoming year.

As of December 31, 2009, the Company’s qualified defined benefit pension plan assets consisted of 64% equity, 35% fixed income, and 1% money market securities of which 67% were classified as Level 1 and 33% as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The Company’s qualified defined benefit pension plan assets as of December 31, 2008 consisted of 62% equity, 37% fixed income, and 1% money market securities of which 69% were classified as Level 1 and 31% as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

The Company utilized a measurement date of December 31, 2009 to determine pension and other postretirement benefit measurements. The Company contributed $50 million, $8 million and $10 million to the pension plans during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company plans to make approximately $55 million in contribution to the pension plans during 2010.


 

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Pursuant to various labor agreements, the Company is also required to make contributions to certain union-administered pension and health and welfare plans that totaled $37 million, $49 million and $40 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company also has nonqualified supplemental executive retirement plans in place for certain key employees.

 

10 Stock Incentive Plans

Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the applicable requisite service period of the stock award (generally three to five years) using the straight-line method. Stock-based compensation costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Compensation expense related to stock options, which includes the 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “1999 ESPP”) and the 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2007 ESPP” and collectively, the “ESPP”) totaled $136 million, $106 million and $85 million for 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The recognized tax benefit was $45 million, $33 million and $27 million for 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards totaled $29 million, $19 million and $12 million for 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The 1999 ESPP provides for the purchase of up to 15 million shares of common stock. As a result of the 1999 ESPP not having sufficient shares available for the program to continue beyond 2007, the Board of Directors adopted, and shareholders approved, the 2007 ESPP. Under the 2007 ESPP, eligible employees may purchase common stock at the end of each six-month offering period, at a purchase price equal to 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the first day or the last day of the offering period and provides for the purchase of up to 15 million shares of common stock. During 2009, 2 million shares of common stock were purchased, under the provisions of the 2007 ESPP, at an average price of $24.70 per share. As of December 31, 2009, 15 million and 4 million shares of common stock have been issued under the 1999 ESPP and 2007 ESPP, respectively.

The fair value of stock-based compensation associated with the Company’s ESPP is estimated on the date of grant (i.e., the beginning of the offering period) using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model.

 

The following table is a summary of the assumptions used to value the ESPP awards for each of the respective periods:

 

     2009     2008     2007  

Dividend yield(1)

     0.50     0.32     0.33

Expected volatility(2)

     48.89     25.22     21.72

Risk-free interest rate(3)

     0.31     2.75     5.01

Expected life (in years)(4)

     0.5        0.5        0.5   

Weighted-average grant date fair value

   $ 8.51      $ 8.73      $ 7.26   

 

(1) The dividend yield is calculated based on semi-annual dividends paid and the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the grant date.

 

(2) The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s daily stock market prices over the previous six month period.

 

(3) The risk-free interest rate is based on the Treasury constant maturity interest rate whose term is consistent with the expected term of ESPP options (i.e., 6 months).

 

(4) The expected life is based on the semi-annual purchase period.

The Company’s 1997 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “ICP”) provides for the granting of up to 153 million shares of common stock in the form of stock options and other awards to selected officers, employees and directors of the Company. The ICP allows for up to 7 million restricted shares to be issued. The Company’s restricted awards are considered nonvested share awards and require no payment from the employee. Compensation cost is recorded based on the market price on the grant date and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.

The Company granted 1,284,000, 1,274,000 and 1,129,000 restricted stock units with a weighted average fair value of $27.77, $40.70 and $33.75 in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Compensation costs for restricted shares and units totaled $29 million, $19 million and $12 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, there was $34 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to the restricted stock units that are expected to vest. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.04 years.

In 2007, the Board of Directors adopted and shareholders approved the 2007 Incentive Plan. The terms of the 2007 Incentive Plan provide for grants of annual incentive and long-term performance awards to executive officers and other officers and employees of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company. The payment of such annual incentive and long-term performance awards will be in cash, stock, other awards or other property, in the discretion of the Management Planning and Development Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, with any payment in stock to be pursuant to the ICP discussed above.


 

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The following table is a summary of the restricted share award activity under the ICP as of December 31:

 

     2009    2008

Shares in thousands

   Shares     Weighted Average Grant
Date Fair Value
   Shares     Weighted Average Grant
Date Fair Value

Nonvested at beginning of year

   83      $ 22.16    161      $ 22.40

Vested

   (83     22.16    (67     39.75

Forfeited

   —          —      (11     18.75
                         

Nonvested at end of year

   —        $ —      83      $ 22.16
                         

The following table is a summary of the restricted unit award activity under the ICP as of December 31:

 

     2009    2008

Units in thousands

   Units     Weighted Average Grant
Date Fair Value
   Units     Weighted Average Grant
Date Fair Value

Nonvested at beginning of year

   3,969      $ 32.08    2,915      $ 28.23

Granted

   1,284        27.77    1,274        40.70

Vested

   (1,724     26.70    (180     38.96

Forfeited

   (182     37.55    (40     35.08
                         

Nonvested at end of year

   3,347      $ 32.90    3,969      $ 32.08
                         

 

All grants under the ICP are awarded at fair market value on the date of grant. The fair value of stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model and stock-based compensation is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Options granted prior to 2004 generally become exercisable over a four-year period from the grant date and expire ten years after the date of grant. Options granted during and subsequent to fiscal 2004 generally become exercisable over a three-year period from the grant date and expire seven years after the date of grant. As of December 31, 2009, there were 42 million shares available for future grants under the ICP.

Excess tax benefits of $19 million, $53 million and $98 million were included in financing activities in the accompanying consolidated statement of cash flow during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Cash received from stock options exercised, which includes the ESPP, totaled $250 million, $328 million and $553 million during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $104 million, $250 million and $642 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

The fair value of each stock option is estimated using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model based on the following assumptions at the time of grant:

 

     2009     2008     2007  

Dividend yield(1)

     1.07     0.60     0.69

Expected volatility(2)

     31.34     22.98     23.84

Risk-free interest rate(3)

     1.65     2.28     4.49

Expected life (in years)(4)

     4.3        4.3        5.1   

Weighted-average

grant date fair value

   $ 7.20      $ 8.53      $ 8.29   

 

(1) The dividend yield is based on annual dividends paid and the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the grant date.

 

(2) The expected volatility is estimated using the Company’s historical volatility over a period equal to the expected life of each option grant after adjustments for infrequent events such as stock splits.

 

(3) The risk-free interest rate is selected based on yields from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected term of the options being valued.

 

(4) The expected life represents the number of years the options are expected to be outstanding from grant date based on historical option holder exercise experience.

As of December 31, 2009, unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested options totaled $149 million, which the Company expects to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.74 years. After considering anticipated forfeitures, the Company expects approximately 29 million of the unvested options to vest over the requisite service period.


 

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The following table is a summary of the Company’s stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2009:

 

Shares in thousands

   Shares     Weighted Average
Exercise Price
   Weighted Average
Remaining Contractual
Term
   Aggregate Intrinsic
Value

Outstanding at December 31, 2008

   59,374      $ 28.21    —        —  

Granted

   17,436      $ 28.63    —        —  

Exercised

   (8,419   $ 20.72    —        —  

Forfeited

   (1,085   $ 36.48    —        —  

Expired

   (1,037   $ 28.34    —        —  
                        

Outstanding at December 31, 2009

   66,269      $ 29.14    4.39    $ 345,068,000
                        

Exercisable at December 31, 2009

   35,858      $ 25.84    3.30    $ 279,462,000

 

11 Income Taxes

The income tax provision consisted of the following for the respective years:

 

In millions

   2009    2008    2007

Current: Federal

   $ 1,766    $ 1,680    $ 1,251

          State

     397      365      241
                    
     2,163      2,045      1,492
                    

Deferred: Federal

     38      133      206

            State

     4      15      24
                    
     42      148      230
                    

Total

   $ 2,205    $ 2,193    $ 1,722
                    

The following table is a reconciliation of the statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate for the respective years:

 

      2009     2008     2007  

Statutory income tax rate

   35.0   35.0   35.0

State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit

   4.5      4.1      4.2   

Other

   0.6      0.5      0.3   

Federal and net State reserve release

   (2.8   —        —     
                  

Effective income tax rate

   37.3   39.6   39.5
                  

 

The following table is a summary of the significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31:

 

In millions

   2009     2008  

Deferred tax assets:

    

Lease and rents

   $ 334      $ 318   

Inventory

     55        73   

Employee benefits

     250        241   

Allowance for bad debt

     130        95   

Retirement benefits

     94        98   

Net operating losses

     8        13   

Other

     287        241   
                

Total deferred tax assets

     1,158        1,079   

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     (4,330     (4,346
                

Net deferred tax liabilities

   $ (3,172   $ (3,267
                

Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) are presented on the consolidated balance sheets as follows as of December 31:

 

In millions

   2009     2008  

Deferred tax assets—current

   $ 506      $ 435   

Deferred tax liabilities—noncurrent

     (3,678     (3,702
                

Net deferred tax liabilities

   $ (3,172   $ (3,267
                

The Company believes it is more likely than not the deferred tax assets will be realized during future periods.


 

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The following table is a summary of the activity in the Company’s income tax reserve as of December 31:

 

In millions

   2009     2008  

Beginning Balance

   $ 257      $ 234   

Additions based on tax positions related to the current year

     1        6   

Additions based on tax positions related to prior years

     12        48   

Reductions for tax positions of prior years

     (6     (8

Expiration of statute of limitations

     (155     (9

Settlements

     (48     (14
                

Ending Balance

   $ 61      $ 257   
                

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of numerous state and local jurisdictions. Substantially all material income tax matters have been concluded for fiscal years through 2001. The Company and its subsidiaries anticipate that a number of income tax examinations will conclude and statutes of limitation for open years will expire over the next twelve months, which may cause a utilization or reduction of the Company’s reserve for uncertain tax positions of up to approximately $38 million.

During 2009, the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) completed examinations of the Company’s 2007 and 2008 consolidated U.S. income tax returns pursuant to the Compliance Assurance Process (“CAP”) program. The CAP program is a voluntary program under which taxpayers seek to resolve all or most issues with the IRS prior to or soon after the filing of their U.S. income tax returns, in lieu of being audited in the traditional manner.

The IRS is currently examining the Company’s 2009 consolidated U.S. income tax year pursuant to the CAP program. The Company and its subsidiaries are also currently under income tax examinations by a number of state and local tax authorities. Additionally, the Company has filed a Protest with the IRS Appeals Office regarding various assessments made in connection with the IRS examinations of Caremark’s consolidated U.S. income tax returns for 2006 and for its short tax year ended March 22, 2007. As of December 31, 2009, no examination has resulted in any proposed adjustments that would result in a material change to the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties in income tax expense. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, the Company recognized interest of approximately $5 million. The Company had approximately $17 million accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2009.

 

There are no material reserves established at December 31, 2009 for income tax positions for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain but for which there is uncertainty about the timing of such deductibility. If present, such items would impact deferred tax accounting, not the annual effective income tax rate, and would accelerate the payment of cash to the taxing authority to an earlier period.

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective income tax rate is approximately $41 million, after considering the federal benefit of state income taxes.

 

12 Commitments and Contingencies

Between 1991 and 1997, the Company sold or spun off a number of subsidiaries, including Bob’s Stores, Linens ‘n Things, Marshalls, Kay-Bee Toys, Wilsons, This End Up and Footstar. In many cases, when a former subsidiary leased a store, the Company provided a guarantee of the store’s lease obligations. When the subsidiaries were disposed of, the Company’s guarantees remained in place, although each initial purchaser has indemnified the Company for any lease obligations the Company was required to satisfy. If any of the purchasers or any of the former subsidiaries were to become insolvent and failed to make the required payments under a store lease, the Company could be required to satisfy these obligations.

As of December 31, 2009, the Company guaranteed approximately 70 such store leases (excluding the lease guarantees related to Linens ‘n Things, which are discussed in Note 1 previously in this document), with the maximum remaining lease term extending through 2018. Management believes the ultimate disposition of any of the remaining guarantees will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or future cash flows.

Caremark’s subsidiary Caremark Inc. (now known as “Caremark, L.L.C.”) is a defendant in a qui tam lawsuit initially filed by a relator on behalf of various state and federal government agencies in Texas federal court in 1999. The case was unsealed in May 2005. The case seeks monetary damages and alleges that Caremark’s processing of Medicaid and certain other government claims on behalf of its clients (which allegedly resulted in underpayments from our clients to the applicable government agencies) violates applicable federal or state false claims acts and fraud statutes. The United States and the States of Texas, Tennessee, Florida, Arkansas, Louisiana and California intervened in the lawsuit, but Tennessee and Florida withdrew from the lawsuit in August 2006 and May 2007, respectively.


 

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The parties previously filed cross motions for partial summary judgment, and in August 2008, the court granted several of Caremark’s motions and denied the motions filed by the plaintiffs. The court’s rulings are favorable to Caremark and substantially limit the ability of the plaintiffs to assert false claims act allegations or statutory or common law theories of recovery based on Caremark’s processing of Medicaid and other government reimbursement requests. The state plaintiffs and the relator filed motions asking the court to reconsider its rulings, and these motions were subsequently denied. The court’s rulings are on appeal before the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. In April 2009, the State of Texas filed a purported civil enforcement action against Caremark for injunctive relief, damages and civil penalties in Travis County, Texas alleging that Caremark violated the Texas Medicaid Fraud Prevention Act and other state laws based on our processing of Texas Medicaid claims on behalf of PBM clients. The claims and issues raised in this lawsuit are related to the claims and issues pending in the federal qui tam lawsuit described above.

In December 2007, the Company received a document subpoena from the Office of Inspector General, United States Department of Health and Human Services (“OIG”), requesting information relating to the processing of Medicaid and other government agency claims on an adjudication platform of CaremarkPCS, L.L.C. The Company has initiated discussions with the OIG and with the U.S. Department of Justice concerning our government claims processing activities on the two adjudication platforms used by CaremarkPCS and one adjudication platform used by PharmaCare. In October 2009, the Company received two civil investigative demands from the Office of the Attorney General of the State of Texas requesting information produced under the OIG subpoena referenced above. The civil investigative demands are substantively identical and state that the Office of the Attorney General of the State of Texas is investigating allegations currently pending under seal relating to two adjudication platforms of CaremarkPCS. The Company is cooperating with the requests for information contained in OIG subpoena and in these two civil investigative demands. The Company cannot predict with certainty the timing or outcome of any review of such information.

Caremark was named in a putative class action lawsuit filed in October 2003 in Alabama state court by John Lauriello, purportedly on behalf of participants in the 1999 settlement of various securities class action and derivative lawsuits against

Caremark and others. Other defendants include insurance companies that provided coverage to Caremark with respect to the settled lawsuits. The Lauriello lawsuit seeks approximately $3.2 billion in compensatory damages plus other non-specified damages based on allegations that the amount of insurance coverage available for the settled lawsuits was misrepresented and suppressed. A similar lawsuit was filed in November 2003 by Frank McArthur, also in Alabama state court, naming as defendants Caremark, several insurance companies, attorneys and law firms involved in the 1999 settlement. This lawsuit was stayed as a later-filed class action, but McArthur was subsequently allowed to intervene in the Lauriello action. The attorneys and law firms named as defendants in McArthur’s intervention pleadings have been dismissed from the case, and discovery on class certification and adequacy issues is underway.

Various lawsuits have been filed alleging that Caremark and its subsidiaries Caremark, L.L.C. and CaremarkPCS, L.L.C. have violated applicable antitrust laws in establishing and maintaining retail pharmacy networks for client health plans. In August 2003, Bellevue Drug Co., Robert Schreiber, Inc. d/b/a Burns Pharmacy and Rehn-Huerbinger Drug Co. d/b/a Parkway Drugs #4, together with Pharmacy Freedom Fund and the National Community Pharmacists Association filed a putative class action against CaremarkPCS in Pennsylvania federal court, seeking treble damages and injunctive relief. The claims were initially sent to arbitration based on contract terms between the pharmacies and CaremarkPCS.

In October 2003, two independent pharmacies, North Jackson Pharmacy, Inc. and C&C, Inc. d/b/a Big C Discount Drugs, Inc. filed a putative class action complaint in Alabama federal court against Caremark, Caremark, L.L.C., CaremarkPCS, L.L.C. and two PBM competitors, seeking treble damages and injunctive relief. The case against Caremark and Caremark, L.L.C. was transferred to Illinois federal court, and the CaremarkPCS case was sent to arbitration based on contract terms between the pharmacies and CaremarkPCS. The arbitration was then stayed by the parties pending developments in Caremark’s court case.

In August 2006, the Bellevue case and the North Jackson Pharmacy case were transferred to Pennsylvania federal court by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation for coordinated and consolidated proceedings with other cases before the panel, including cases against other PBMs. Caremark appealed a decision which vacated the order compelling arbitration and staying the proceedings in the Bellevue case and, following the appeal, the Court of Appeals reinstated the order compelling arbitration. Motions for class certification in the coordinated


 

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cases within the multidistrict litigation, including the North Jackson Pharmacy case, remain pending. The consolidated action is now known as the In Re Pharmacy Benefit Managers Antitrust Litigation.

Beginning in November 2008, the Company received and has been responding to several subpoenas from the Drug Enforcement Administration (“DEA”), Los Angeles Field Division, requesting sales data and other information regarding the Company’s distribution of products containing pseudoephedrine (“PSE”) at certain retail pharmacies and from one California distribution center. In September 2009, the United States Attorney’s Office for the Central District of California (“USAO”) and the DEA commenced discussions with the Company regarding whether, in late 2007 and 2008, the Company distributed PSE in violation of the Controlled Substances Act. Violations of the Controlled Substances Act could result in the imposition of civil and/or criminal penalties against the Company. In addition, the DEA has issued an order to show cause against certain retail pharmacies and the Company’s La Habra, California distribution center which could result in administrative action against the Company’s DEA registrations for these facilities. Discussions are underway to resolve these matters, but whether an agreement can be reached and on what terms are uncertain.

In August 2009, the Company was notified by the Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”) that it is conducting a non-public investigation under the Federal Trade Commission Act into certain of the Company’s business practices. The Company is cooperating in the FTC’s investigation and is producing documents and other information on a rolling basis as requested by the FTC. The Company is not able to predict with certainty the timing or outcome of the investigation. However, it remains confident that its business practices and service offerings (which are designed to reduce health care costs and expand consumer choice) are being conducted in compliance with the antitrust laws.

In March 2009, the Company received a subpoena from the OIG requesting information concerning the Medicare Part D prescription drug plans of RxAmerica, the PBM subsidiary of Longs Drug Stores Corporation which was acquired by the Company in October 2008. The Company is cooperating with the request for information and has been producing responsive documents on a rolling basis. The Company cannot predict with certainty the timing or outcome of any review by the government of such information.

 

Since March 2009, the Company has been named in a series of eight putative collective or class action lawsuits filed in federal courts in Connecticut, Florida, Massachusetts, New York and Rhode Island, purportedly on behalf of current and former assistant store managers working in the Company’s stores at various locations outside California. The lawsuits allege that the Company failed to pay overtime to assistant store managers as required under the Fair Labor Standards Act and under certain state statutes. The lawsuits also seek other relief, including liquidated damages, attorneys’ fees, costs and injunctive relief arising out of the state and federal claims for overtime pay. At this time, the Company is not able to predict the outcome of these lawsuits, or any possible monetary exposure associated with the lawsuits. The Company believes, however, that the lawsuits are without merit and that the cases should not be certified as class or collective actions, and is vigorously defending these claims.

In January 2010, the Company received a subpoena from the OIG in connection with an investigation of possible false or otherwise improper claims for payment under the Medicare and Medicaid programs. The subpoena requests retail pharmacy claims data for “dual eligible” customers (i.e., customers with both Medicaid and private insurance coverage), information concerning the Company’s retail pharmacy claims processing systems, copies of pharmacy payor contracts and other documents and records. The Company is cooperating with the request for information and intends to produce responsive documents on a rolling basis. The Company cannot predict with certainty the timing or outcome of any review by the government of such information.

In November 2009, a securities class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island purportedly on behalf of purchasers of CVS Caremark Corporation stock between May 5, 2009 and November 4, 2009. The lawsuit names the Company and certain officers as defendants and includes allegations of securities fraud relating to public disclosures made by the Company concerning the PBM business and allegations of insider trading. In addition, a shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed in December 2009, in the same court against the directors and certain officers of the Company. A derivative lawsuit is a lawsuit filed by a shareholder purporting to assert claims on behalf of a corporation against directors and officers of the corporation. This lawsuit includes allegations of, among other things, securities fraud, insider trading and breach of fiduciary duties and further alleges that the


 

67


Company was damaged by the purchase of stock at allegedly inflated prices under its share repurchase program. The Company believes these lawsuits are without merit and the Company plans to defend them vigorously.

The Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome of the legal matters disclosed above. Management does not believe, however, that the outcome of any of these legal matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operating results or financial condition.

The Company is also a party to other legal proceedings and inquiries arising in the normal course of its business, none of which is expected to be material to the Company. The Company can give no assurance, however, that our business, financial condition and results of operations will not be materially adversely affected, or that we will not be required to materially change our business practices, based on: (i) future enactment of new health care or other laws or regulations; (ii) the interpretation or application of existing laws or regulations, as they may relate to our business or the pharmacy services or retail industry; (iii) pending or future federal or state governmental investigations of our business or the pharmacy services or retail industry; (iv) institution of government enforcement actions against us; (v) adverse developments in any pending qui tam lawsuit against us, whether sealed or unsealed, or in any future qui tam lawsuit that may be filed against us; or (vi) adverse developments in other pending or future legal proceedings against us or affecting the pharmacy services or retail industry.

 

13 Segment Reporting

The Company currently has three segments: Pharmacy Services, Retail Pharmacy and Corporate.

During the third quarter of 2009, the Company made changes to its reportable segments to reflect changes that were made to the way the Company’s management evaluates the performance of operations, develops strategy and allocates resources. This change involves the recording of certain administrative expenses previously recorded within the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments to a new Corporate segment. The Corporate segment consists of costs primarily associated with executive management, corporate relations, legal, compliance, human resources, corporate information technology and finance. This change had no impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations. The Company’s historical segment disclosures have been revised to conform to the current presentation.

During the third quarter of 2009, the Company also made a change to its Pharmacy Services segment as it relates to the Company’s intersegment activities (such as the Maintenance Choice® program). This change impacts the gross profit and operating profit lines within the Pharmacy Services segment. Under the Maintenance Choice program, Pharmacy Services clients can elect to pick up their maintenance prescriptions at Retail Pharmacy segment stores instead of receiving them through the mail. When this occurs, both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments now record the revenue, gross profit and operating profit on a standalone basis and corresponding intersegment eliminations are made. This change had no impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations.

The Company evaluates its Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segment performance based on net revenue, gross profit and operating profit before the effect of non-recurring charges and gains and certain intersegment activities and charges. The Company evaluates the performance of its Corporate segment based on operating expenses before the effect of discontinued operations and certain intersegment activities and charges. See Note 1 for a description of the Pharmacy Services, Retail Pharmacy and Corporate segments and related significant accounting policies.


 

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The following table is a reconciliation of the Company’s business segments to the consolidated financial statements:

 

In millions

   Pharmacy Services
Segment(1)(3)
   Retail Pharmacy
Segment(3)
   Corporate
Segment
    Intersegment
Eliminations(2)(3)
    Consolidated
Totals

2009:

            

Net revenues

   $ 51,065    $ 55,355    $ —        $ (7,691   $ 98,729

Gross profit

     3,835      16,593      —          (48     20,380

Operating profit

     2,866      4,159      (539     (48     6,438

Depreciation and amortization

     377      965      47               1,389

Total assets

     33,082      28,302      774        (517     61,641

Goodwill

     18,879      6,801      —          —          25,680

Additions to property and equipment

     218      2,183      147        —          2,548

2008(4):

            

Net revenues

   $ 43,769    $ 48,990    $ —        $ (5,287   $ 87,472

Gross profit

     3,550      14,741      —          (1     18,290

Operating profit

     2,755      3,753      (461     (1     6,046

Depreciation and amortization

     357      881      36        —          1,274

Total assets

     32,850      27,406      1,053        (349     60,960

Goodwill

     18,818      6,676      —          —          25,494

Additions to property and equipment

     228      1,840      112        —          2,180

2007(4):

            

Net revenues

   $ 34,938    $ 45,087    $ —        $ (3,695   $ 76,330

Gross profit

     2,997      13,111      —          —          16,108

Operating profit

     2,245      2,960      (411     —          4,794

Depreciation and amortization

     289      779      27        —          1,095

Total assets

     32,091      22,174      713        (256     54,722

Goodwill

     18,455      5,467      —          —          23,922

Additions to property and equipment

     77      1,680      48        —          1,805

 

(1) Net revenues of the Pharmacy Services segment include approximately $6.9 billion, $6.3 billion, and $4.6 billion of Retail co-payments for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009, December 31, 2008 and December 29, 2007, respectively.

 

(2) Intersegment eliminations relate to two types of transactions: (i) Intersegment revenues that occur when Pharmacy Services segment clients use Retail Pharmacy segment stores to purchase covered products. When this occurs, both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments record the revenue on a standalone basis and (ii) Intersegment revenues, gross profit and operating profit that occur when Pharmacy Services segment clients, through the Company’s intersegment activities (such as the Maintenance Choice Program), elect to pick up their maintenance prescriptions at Retail Pharmacy segment stores instead of receiving them through the mail. When this occurs, both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments record the revenue, gross profit and operating profit on a standalone basis.

 

(3) Beginning in 2008, when Pharmacy Services segment clients elect to pick up their maintenance prescriptions at Retail Pharmacy segment stores through the Company’s intersegment activities (such as the Maintenance Choice program) instead of receiving them through the mail, both segments record the corresponding revenue, gross profit and operating profit in their respective segment results. As a result, both the Pharmacy Services and the Retail Pharmacy segments include the following results associated with this activity: net revenues of $692 million and $8 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively; gross profit of $48 million and $1 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively; operating profit of less than $48 million and $1 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. These intersegment activities had no impact on the Company’s reportable segments for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2007.

 

(4) Amounts for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and December 29, 2007 have been revised to conform to the current presentation of our reportable segments.

 

69


14 Earnings Per Common Share

The following is a reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the respective fiscal years:

 

In millions, except per share amounts

   2009     2008     2007  

Numerator for earnings per common share calculation:

      

Income from continuing operations

   $ 3,708      $ 3,344      $ 2,637   

Preference dividends, net of income tax benefit

     —          (14     (14
                        

Income from continuing operations available to common shareholders, basic

   $ 3,708      $ 3,330      $ 2,623   

Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit

     (12     (132     —     
                        

Net income available to common shareholders, basic

   $ 3,696      $ 3,198      $ 2,623   
                        

Income from continuing operations

   $ 3,708      $ 3,344      $ 2,637   

Dilutive earnings adjustments

     —          (3     (4
                        

Income from continuing operations available to common shareholders, diluted

   $ 3,708      $ 3,341      $ 2,633   

Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit

     (12     (132     —     
                        

Net income available to common shareholders, diluted

   $ 3,696      $ 3,209      $ 2,633   
                        

Denominator for earnings per common share calculation:

      

Weighted average common shares, basic

     1,434        1,434        1,328   

Preference stock

     1        17        18   

Stock options

     10        13        23   

Restricted stock units

     5        5        3   
                        

Weighted average common shares, diluted

     1,450        1,469        1,372   
                        

Basic earnings per common share:

      

Income from continuing operations

   $ 2.59      $ 2.32      $ 1.97   

Loss from discontinued operations

     (0.01     (0.09     —     
                        

Net income

   $ 2.58      $ 2.23      $ 1.97   
                        

Diluted earnings per common share:

      

Income from continuing operations

   $ 2.56      $ 2.27      $ 1.92   

Loss from discontinued operations

     (0.01     (0.09     —     
                        

Net income

   $ 2.55      $ 2.18      $ 1.92   
                        

 

70


15 Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)

 

In millions, except per share amounts

   First Quarter     Second Quarter     Third Quarter     Fourth Quarter     Fiscal Year  

2009:

          

Net revenues

   $ 23,394      $ 24,871      $ 24,642      $ 25,822      $ 98,729   

Gross profit

     4,748        5,052        5,012        5,568        20,380   

Operating profit

     1,377        1,600        1,566        1,895        6,438   

Income from continuing operations

     743        889        1,023        1,053        3,708   

Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit

     (5     (3     (2     (2     (12

Net income

     738        886        1,021        1,051        3,696   

Earnings per share from continuing operations, basic

   $ 0.51      $ 0.61      $ 0.72      $ 0.75      $ 2.59   

Loss per common share from discontinued operations

     —          —          (0.01     —          (0.01
                                        

Net earnings per common share, basic

   $ 0.51      $ 0.61      $ 0.71      $ 0.75      $ 2.58   
                                        

Earnings per common share from continuing operations, diluted

   $ 0.51      $ 0.60      $ 0.71      $ 0.74      $ 2.56   

Loss per common share from discontinued operations

     (0.01     —          —          —          (0.01
                                        

Net earnings per common share, diluted

   $ 0.50      $ 0.60      $ 0.71      $ 0.74      $ 2.55   
                                        

Dividends per common share

   $ 0.07625      $ 0.07625      $ 0.07625      $ 0.07625      $ 0.30500   

Stock price: (New York Stock Exchange)

          

High

   $ 30.47      $ 34.22      $ 37.75      $ 38.27      $ 38.27   

Low

   $ 23.74      $ 27.08      $ 30.58      $ 27.38      $ 23.74   

2008(1):

          

Net revenues

   $ 21,326      $ 21,140      $ 20,863      $ 24,143      $ 87,472   

Gross profit

     4,293        4,373        4,401        5,223        18,290   

Operating profit

     1,370        1,478        1,466        1,732        6,046   

Income from continuing operations

     749        824        819        952        3,344   

Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax benefit

     —          (49     (83     —          (132

Net income

     749        775        736        952        3,212   

Earnings per share from continuing operations, basic

   $ 0.52      $ 0.57      $ 0.57      $ 0.66      $ 2.32   

Loss per common share from discontinued operations

     —          (0.03     (0.06     —          (0.09
                                        

Net earnings per common share, basic

   $ 0.52      $ 0.54      $ 0.51      $ 0.66      $ 2.23   
                                        

Earnings per common share from continuing operations, diluted

   $ 0.51      $ 0.56      $ 0.56      $ 0.65      $ 2.27   

Loss per common share from discontinued operations

     —          (0.03     (0.06     —          (0.09
                                        

Net earnings per common share, diluted

   $ 0.51      $ 0.53      $ 0.50      $ 0.65      $ 2.18   
                                        

Dividends per common share

   $ 0.06000      $ 0.06000      $ 0.06900      $ 0.06900      $ 0.25800   

Stock price: (New York Stock Exchange)

          

High

   $ 41.53      $ 44.29      $ 40.14      $ 34.90      $ 44.29   

Low

   $ 34.91      $ 39.02      $ 31.81      $ 23.19      $ 23.19   

 

(1) On December 23, 2008, our Board of Directors approved a change in our fiscal year-end from the Saturday nearest December 31 of each year to December 31 of each year to better reflect our position in the health care, rather than the retail, industry. The fiscal year change was effective beginning with the fourth of fiscal 2008.

 

71


Five-Year Financial Summary

 

In millions, except per share amounts

   2009     2008(1)     2007(2)    2006    2005

Statement of operations data:

            

Net revenues

   $ 98,729      $ 87,472      $ 76,330    $ 43,821    $ 37,007

Gross profit

     20,380        18,290        16,108      11,742      9,695

Operating expenses(3)

     13,942        12,244        11,314      9,300      7,675
                                    

Operating profit(4)

     6,438        6,046        4,794      2,442      2,020

Interest expense, net

     525        509        435      216      111

Income tax provision(5)

     2,205        2,193        1,722      857      684
                                    

Income from continuing operations

     3,708        3,344        2,637      1,369      1,225

Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax benefit(6)

     (12     (132     —        —        —  
                                    

Net income

   $ 3,696      $ 3,212      $ 2,637    $ 1,369    $ 1,225
                                    

Per common share data:

            

Basic earnings per common share:

            

Income from continuing operations

   $ 2.59      $ 2.32      $ 1.97    $ 1.65    $ 1.49

Loss from discontinued operations

     (0.01     (0.09     —        —        —  
                                    

Net income

   $ 2.58      $ 2.23      $ 1.97    $ 1.65    $ 1.49
                                    

Diluted earnings per common share:

            

Income from continuing operations

   $ 2.56      $ 2.27      $ 1.92    $ 1.60    $ 1.45

Loss from discontinued operations

     (0.01     (0.09     —        —        —  
                                    

Net income

   $ 2.55      $ 2.18      $ 1.92    $ 1.60    $ 1.45
                                    

Cash dividends per common share

   $ 0.30500      $ 0.25800      $ 0.22875    $ 0.15500    $ 0.14500

Balance sheet and other data:

            

Total assets

   $ 61,641      $ 60,960      $ 54,722    $ 20,574    $ 15,247

Long-term debt

   $ 8,756      $ 8,057      $ 8,350    $ 2,870    $ 1,594

Total shareholders’ equity

   $ 35,768      $ 34,574      $ 31,322    $ 9,918    $ 8,331

Number of stores (at end of year)

     7,074        6,981        6,301      6,205      5,474

 

(1) On December 23, 2008, our Board of Directors approved a change in our fiscal year-end from the Saturday nearest December 31 of each year to December 31 of each year to better reflect our position in the health care, rather than the retail, industry. The fiscal year change is effective beginning with the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008. As you review our operating performance, please consider that fiscal 2008 includes 368 days, compared to each of the remaining fiscal years presented, which include 364 days.

 

(2) Effective March 22, 2007, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of November 1, 2006, as amended (the “Merger Agreement”), Caremark Rx, Inc. was merged with a newly formed subsidiary of CVS Corporation, with Caremark Rx, L.L.C., continuing as the surviving entity (the “Caremark Merger”). Following the Caremark Merger, the name of the Company was changed to “CVS Caremark Corporation.” By virtue of the Caremark Merger, each issued and outstanding share of Caremark common stock, par value $0.001 per share, was converted into the right to receive 1.67 shares of CVS Caremark’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share. Cash was paid in lieu of fractional shares.

 

(3) In 2006, the Company adopted the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Qualifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements.” The adoption of this statement resulted in a $40 million pre-tax ($25 million after-tax) decrease in operating expenses for 2006.

 

(4) Operating profit includes the pre-tax effect of the charge discussed in Note (3) above.

 

(5) Income tax provision includes the effect of the following: (i) in 2009, the recognition of $167 million of previously unrecognized tax benefits, including interest, relating to the expiration of various statutes of limitation and settlements with tax authorities, (ii) in 2006, a $11 million reversal of previously recorded tax reserves through the tax provision principally based on resolving certain state tax matters, and (iii) in 2005, a $53 million reversal of previously recorded tax reserves through the tax provision principally based on resolving certain state tax matters.

 

(6) In connection with certain business dispositions completed between 1991 and 1997, the Company continues to guarantee store lease obligations for a number of former subsidiaries, including Linens ‘n Things. On May 2, 2008, Linens Holding Co. and certain affiliates, which operate Linens ‘n Things, filed voluntary petitions under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. Pursuant to the court order entered on October 16, 2008, Linens Holding Co. is in the process of liquidating the entire Linens ‘n Things retail chain. The loss from discontinued operations includes $12 million of lease-related costs ($19 million, net of an $7 million income tax benefit), and $132 million ($214 million, net of an $82 million income tax benefit) for 2009 and 2008 respectively, which the Company believes it will likely be required to satisfy pursuant to its Linens ‘n Things lease guarantees.

 

72


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders

CVS Caremark Corporation

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CVS Caremark Corporation as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended December 31, 2009. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of CVS Caremark Corporation at December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, effective December 30, 2007, CVS Caremark Corporation adopted Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 715-60, Defined Benefit Plans – Other Postretirement (formerly Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 06-4, Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements and EITF 06-10, Accounting for Collateral Assignment Split-Dollar Life Insurance Agreements), and effective January 1, 2009 CVS Caremark Corporation adopted ASC 805, Business Combinations (formerly Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141(R), Business Combinations).

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), CVS Caremark Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 26, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Boston, Massachusetts

February 26, 2010

 

73