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EX-99.1 - EXHIBIT 99.1 - Changda International Holdings, Inc. | ex991.htm |
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
DC 20549
FORM
8-K/ A
(Amendment
No. 1)
CURRENT
REPORT
Pursuant
to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date
of Report (Date of earliest event reported):
February
13, 2009
CHANGDA
INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada
|
333-147169
|
98-0521484
|
(State
or other jurisdiction
|
(Commission
File Number)
|
(IRS
Employer
|
of
incorporation)
|
Identification
No.)
|
2870-Agricultural
|
||
Chemicals
|
0001417624
|
|
(Standard
Industrial
|
(Central
Index Key)
|
|
Classification)
|
10
th
Floor Chenhong Building
No.
301 East Dong Feng Street
Weifang,
Peoples Republic of China
(Address
of principal executive offices, including zip code)
86
1586 311 1662
(Registrant's
telephone number, including area code)
Copy
of Communication to:
Richard
A. Friedman, Esq.
Sichenzia
Ross Friedman Ference LLP
61
Broadway, 32nd
Floor
New
York, New York 10006
Promodoeswork.com,
Inc.
6972
Coach Lamp Drive, Chilliwack, BC, Canada V2R 2Y7
(Former
name or former address, if changed since last report.)
Check the
appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously
satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following
provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):
¨ Written
communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR
230.425)
¨ Soliciting
material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR
240.14a-12)
¨ Pre-commencement
communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR
240.14d-2(b))
¨ Pre-commencement
communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR
240.13e-4(c))
Table
of Contents
Item
1.01
|
Entry
into a Material Definitive Agreement
|
4
|
|
Item
2.01
|
Completion
of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets
|
4
|
|
Item
3.02
|
Unregistered
Sale of Equity Securities
|
43
|
|
Item
5.03
|
Amendments
to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws, Change in Fiscal
Year
|
43
|
|
Item
5.06
|
Change
in Shell Company Status
|
43
|
|
Other
Events
|
43
|
||
Item
9.01
|
Financial
Statements and Exhibits
|
44
|
2
EXPLANATORY
NOTE: Changda International Holdings, Inc. is filing this Current Report on Form
8-K/A to amend the Current Report on Form 8-K initially filed with the
Securities Exchange Commission on February 20, 2009 to (i) update the management
discussion and analysis with updated financial information for the fiscal years
ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and (ii) include the audited financial
statements of Changda International Ltd. for the two fiscal years ended December
31, 2008 and 2007.
CAUTIONARY
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Our
disclosure and analysis in this Current Report on Form 8-K/A contains some
forward-looking statements. Certain matters discussed concerning our operations,
cash flows, financial position, economic performance and financial condition,
including, in particular, future sales, product demand, the market for our
products in the People’s Republic of China and elsewhere, competition, exchange
rate fluctuations and the effect of economic conditions include forward-looking
statements.
Statements
that are predictive in nature, that depend upon or refer to future events or
conditions or that include words such as “expects”, “anticipates”, “intends”,
“plans”, “believes”, “estimates” and similar expressions are forward-looking
statements. Although we believe that these statements are based upon reasonable
assumptions, including projections or orders, sales, operating margins,
earnings, cash flow, research and development costs, working capital, capital
expenditures and other projections, they are subject to several risks and
uncertainties, and therefore, we can give no assurance that these statements
will be achieved.
Investors
are cautioned that our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future
performance and the actual results or developments may differ materially from
the expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements.
As for
the forward-looking statements that relate to future financial results and other
projections, actual results will be different due to the inherent uncertainty of
estimates, forecasts and projections may be better or worse than projected.
Given these uncertainties, you should not place any reliance on these
forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements also represent our
estimates and assumptions only as of the date that they were made. We expressly
disclaim a duty to provide updates to these forward-looking statements, and the
estimates and assumptions associated with them, after the date of this filing to
reflect events or changes in circumstances or changes in expectations or the
occurrence of anticipated events.
We
undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement,
whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. You are
advised, however, to consult any additional disclosures we make in our reports
on Form 10-K, Form 10-Q, Form 8-K, or their successors. We also note that we
have provided a cautionary discussion of risks and uncertainties under the
caption “Risk Factors” in this Current Report. These are factors that we think
could cause our actual results to differ materially from expected results. Other
factors besides those listed here could also adversely affect us.
Information
regarding market and industry statistics contained in this Current Report is
included based on information available to us which we believe is accurate. We
have not reviewed or included data from all sources, and cannot assure
stockholders of the accuracy or completeness of the data included in this
Current Report. Forecasts and other forward-looking information obtained from
these sources are subject to the same qualifications and the additional
uncertainties accompanying any estimates of future market size, revenue and
market acceptance of products and services.
Unless
otherwise noted, all currency figures in this filing are in U.S.
dollars.
3
This
Current Report on Form 8-K/A is being filed by Changda International Holdings,
Inc. (either the “Company”, “we”, “our” or “Registrant”) in connection with a
share exchange transaction in which the Company has acquired all of the issued
and outstanding capital stock of Changda International Ltd., a company organized
under the laws of Marshall Islands. On February 13, 2009 the Company entered
into a share exchange agreement under which the Company issued 47,729,964 shares
of its common stock, par value $0.001, to the shareholders of Changda
International Ltd. in exchange for 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of
common stock of Changda International Ltd.
On
February 19, 2009 a change in Registrant’s name from Promodoeswork.com, Inc. to
Changda International Holdings, Inc. became effective. Any references to
Promodoeswork.com, Inc, or PDWK in this Current Report on Form 8-K/A, including
any financial statements or other exhibits to this report, refer to
Registrant.
Item
1.01 Entry Into a Material Definitive Agreement
On
February 13, 2009, the Company entered into a share exchange agreement (the
“Share Exchange Agreement”) which is attached to this current report on Form
8-K/A as Exhibit 10.1, under which the Company issued Forty Seven Million Seven
Hundred Twenty Nine Thousand Nine Hundred Sixty Four (47,729,964) shares of its
common stock, par value $ 0.001 per share, to the shareholders
of Changda International, Ltd., a company organized under the laws of
Marshall Islands, (“Changda”), in exchange for 100% of the issued and
outstanding capital stock of Changda. As a result of the Share
Exchange Agreement, Changda became a wholly owned subsidiary of
Registrant. As of the date of the Share Exchange Agreement, Changda
held, directly or indirectly, the entire equity interest in the following
operating companies: Weifang Changda Chemical Co., Ltd., (“Changda
Chemical”), Shandong Fengtai Fertiliser Co., Ltd., (“Changda Fengtai”), Weifang
Changda Fertiliser Co., Ltd., (“Changda Fertilizer”) and Heze Changda Fertiliser
Co., Ltd. (“Changda Heze”) (Changda, Changda Chemical, Changda Fengtai, Changda
Fertiliser, and Changda Heze, collectively “The Group”).
Item
2.01 Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets
Organizational
History of Changda International Holdings, Inc.
We were
incorporated on January 25, 2007, in the state of Nevada under the name
Promodoeswork.com, Inc. We subsequently changed our name to Changda
International Holdings, Inc. We have never declared bankruptcy, we
have never been in receivership, and we have never been involved in any legal
action or proceedings.
On
January 15, 2009, Darryl Mills (the "Affiliate Seller"), a major shareholder and
affiliate of the Registrant consummated one Affiliate Stock Purchase
Agreement (the "Affiliate Agreement") with Allhomely International, Limited (the
"Buyer"). Pursuant to the Affiliate Agreement the Buyer acquired from the
Affiliate Seller a total 2,000,000 restricted shares of common stock of the
Registrant for a total price of One Hundred Thousand Dollars
($100,000.00). Also on January 15, 2009, John Spencer, Derrick
Waldman, and Louis Waldman (collectively the “Restricted Sellers”), shareholders
and affiliates of the Registrant, consummated one Restricted
Stock Purchase Agreement (the " Share Agreement") with the
Buyer. Pursuant to the Share Agreement the Buyer acquired
from the Restricted Sellers a total 2,200,000 restricted shares of
common stock of the Registrant for a total price of Eighty Seven Thousand Five
Hundred Dollars ($87,500.00).
4
As the
result, under the terms and conditions of the Affiliate Agreement and the Share
Agreement, the Buyer acquired from Affiliate Seller and Restricted Sellers a
total 4,200,000 shares of common stock of the Registrant (the "Transaction"),
resulting in a change in control of registrant.
Immediately
prior to the closing of the Transaction, Louis Waldman served as the
Registrant’s President, and Derrick Waldman served as the Registrant’s Secretary
and Treasurer. Immediately following the closing of the
Transaction Mr. Jan Panneman was nominated and elected by the Board of Directors
as Registrant’s sole officer, to act as President and Chief Executive Officer
and to serve until his successors shall be elected and qualified until the
earlier of death, resignation or removal in the manner provided for
in the Company’s by-laws;
Also
following the closing of the Transaction Mr. Jan Panneman was appointed as the
Company’s sole Director to serve until his successors shall be elected and
qualified on the earlier of death, resignation or removal in the manner provided
for in the Company’s by-laws. Following the election and appointment of Mr. Jan
Panneman as officer and Director of the Company, Louis Waldman, Derrick Waldman,
and John Spencer tendered their resignations as officers and directors of the
Company.
On
February 13, 2009, the Company entered into the “Share Exchange Agreement under
which the Company issued Forty Seven Million Seven Hundred Twenty Nine Thousand
Nine Hundred Sixty Four (47,729,964) shares of its common stock, par value $
0.001 per share, to the shareholders of Changda in
exchange for 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of
Changda. As a result of the Share Exchange Agreement Changda became a
wholly owned subsidiary of Registrant. As of the date of the Share
Exchange Agreement, Changda held, directly or indirectly, the entire equity
interest in Changda Chemical, Changda Fengtai, Changda
Fertiliser and Changda Heze.
Company’s
Post-acquisition Organizational Structure
Following
our acquisition of Changda International Ltd. as described under Item 1.01, as
set forth in the following diagram, Changda International Ltd. became our direct
wholly owned subsidiary and Changda International, directly or indirectly, holds
the entire equity interest in Changda Fertilizer, Changda Chemical, Changda
Fengtai and Changda Heze.
5
Our
Corporate Structure
Our
current corporate structure is set forth below:
Organizational
History of Changda International Limited
On
December 1, 2000, the Co-founders set up Changda Chemical, which is engaged in
the production and sale of a snow melting agent. In view of the continuing
expansion in the agricultural sector and supportive government policies, the
Co-founders established Changda Fertilizer on April 24, 2003, which is engaged
in the production and sale of various fertilizers, including chemical, organic
and compound fertilizers. In March 2007, Changda Chemical began to set up
production lines for thiophene and fire retardant agents, which were completed
and put into production in September 2007 and July 2008 respectively. Changda
Heze was established on September 3, 2007 to take advantage of the continued
growth in demand for microbial organic-inorganic compound fertilizers and
slow-release fertilizers. All current production lines of the Group are located
in Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). Changda Fengtai was
established on May 17, 2004, jointly owned by Changda Fertilizer (75 percent)
and Seiwa Fertilizer Co. Ltd (“Seiwa”), a Japanese company (25 percent), to
develop export sales to Japan. On June 13, 2008, the Company and Seiwa entered
into an agreement whereby the Company acquired the remaining twenty-five percent
interest in Changda Fengtai from Seiwa for a cash consideration of US$130,500.
The equity transfer is closed.
6
Changda
was incorporated on April 2, 2007 in the Republic of Marshall Islands as the
holding company of the Group. Changda holds, directly or indirectly,
the entire equity interest in Changda Fertilizer, Changda Chemical, Changda
Fengtai and Changda Heze.
Overview
of the Business
The Group
is principally engaged in the research and development, manufacture and sale of
fertilizer and chemical products in the PRC. During the years ended December 31,
2005, 2006 and 2007 (“Track Record Period”), the Group’s sales revenue from
fertilizers accounted for approximately 77.4 percent, 81.2 percent, 90.0 percent
and 94.2 percent of the total aggregate revenue in 2005, 2006, 2007 and the six
months ended on June 30, 2008 respectively. Fertilizers manufactured by the
Group can be broadly classified into chemical compound fertilizers and microbial
organic and inorganic compound fertilizers. The chemical products manufactured
by the Group consist of snow melting agents and various other industrial
chemicals.
Primary
Products
The Group
produces chemical and microbial organic-inorganic compound fertilizers. The
Group’s chemical fertilizer products are classified into three types, namely
complex fertilizers, compound fertilizers and slow- release compound fertilizers
with more than 10 product lines sold under the “CHANGDA” and “FENGTAI WOSIDA”
brands.
Compound
fertilizer products are produced by initiating chemical reactions between the
three key nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium nutrients during the production
process; each granule contains a combination of these nutrients so as to provide
balanced distribution capabilities.
The
Group’s principal compound fertilizers are sulphur-based compound fertilizer,
ammoniated sulphur-based compound fertilizer and chloric-based compound
fertilizer.
Slow-release
compound fertilizer products allow the fertilizer nutrients to be released
progressively, enabling plants to absorb most of the nutrients and enhance yield
rate. Slow-release compound fertilizers are also more convenient, as they
require less frequent applications. The Group has modified and developed
controlled-release (which is a subset of slow-release) fertilizers.
The
Group’s microbial organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is a new type of
fertilizer. In general, it helps plants to secure nitrogen from the air and to
dissolve useful minerals such as phosphorus and potassium from soil thus
facilitating absorption of these useful minerals by plants and enhancing their
stress resistance. The organic and inorganic elements enhance soil fertility and
crop yield respectively.
In recent
years, with the increase in health awareness among consumers in the PRC, the
production and sale in the PRC of green food and organic food products, or food
products using organic fertilizers, has increased significantly.
7
Customers,
sales and distribution
The Group
distributes some of its fertilizer products to farmers through China Post
Logistics (Shandong) Limited; a subsidiary of the China Postal Service (“China
Post”), which provides postal services in the PRC. Other distribution channels
used by the Group include five exclusive distributions centers. The Group also
distributes fertilizer products overseas to Seiwa in Japan. The Directors
believe these distribution channels minimize the promotion costs of the Group by
taking advantage of China Post and Seiwa’s sales channels and goodwill to
penetrate target markets, and also minimize transportation costs as products are
distributed primarily to China Post and Seiwa rather than directly to
end-users.
In 2007,
approximately 97 percent of the Group’s fertilizer products were sold within
Shandong Province in the PRC, while approximately 3 percent of the Group’s
fertilizer sales were made to Japan. Domestic sales are settled in RMB while
export sales are settled in USD. Terms of sale are usually cash on delivery or
cash in advance of delivery and a credit period is not normally granted to
customers. Fertilizer sales are subject to seasonality, being comparatively
higher during planting months such as March to April and September to October
each year.
Materials,
production process and facilities
The key
raw materials used by the Group in the production of its fertilizers are urea,
potassium sulphate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate
and potash. The Group’s chemical fertilizer products are manufactured through
chemical reactions occurring between different inorganic fertilizer materials so
as to provide a balanced proportion of all nutrients. The Group’s microbial
organic-inorganic compound fertilizer products are manufactured from bacteria
combined with inorganic and organic elements. Most of the raw materials are
sourced domestically in the PRC and are paid for in RMB. The Group’s payout
terms with its suppliers vary from a credit period of up to 60 days to cash
payments in advance.
The
fertilizer production facilities of the Group are located in Weifang and Heze,
Shandong Province in the PRC, consisting of land parcels with a total site area
of approximately 151,164 square meters. There are two production lines for the
manufacture of chemical fertilizers, and two production lines for the
manufacture of the microbial organic-inorganic compound fertilizers and
slow-release compound fertilizers, with an aggregate annual capacity of 350,000
tonnes in 2007.
Chemical
Business
Products
The
Group’s principal chemical products are snow melting agents and various other
industrial chemicals.
Snow
melting agents are de-icing salt, consisting of a combination of sodium
chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and additives in varying levels
for different customer segments and uses. The products are a white, odorless and
soluble solid compound and are used primarily to de-ice airports, roads and golf
courses in the winter seasons, spread by winter service vehicles.
The
Group’s industrial chemical products range includes thiophene, calcium chloride
and magnesium chloride. Thiophene is a colourless and transparent liquid which
is primarily used in the pharmaceutical raw materials industry as a medicine
chemical auxiliary, and for the synthesisation of anti-bacterial fungus. Calcium
chloride and magnesium chloride are used for dust control on roads and also as
essential product inputs for a wide range of industrial usage such as in cement
production.
8
Customers,
sales and distribution
The Group
mainly sells and distributes its snow melting agents and thiophene to industrial
end-users through its sales team. Most of the Group’s snow melting agent
products are sold to Japanese customers and in total made up 13 percent, 11
percent, and 5 percent of the Group’s sales in 2005, 2006, and 2007
respectively. Changda Chemical supplied 10 percent of snow melting agent
demanded in Japan in 2007.
Thiophene
was commercialized in the first half of 2008 and sales were not material during
the Track Record Period. Domestic sales are settled in RMB while sales to Japan
are settled in USD. Payment terms are usually by cash payment for sales to
Japan. Payment terms for domestic sales are usually cash in advance of delivery,
although a credit period of up to 60 days may be granted to repeat customers.
Snow melting agent sales are subject to seasonality, being comparatively higher
during October to February each year.
Materials,
production process and facilities
The
principal raw materials in the chemical products include sodium chloride,
calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and additives. For each of the three years
ended 31 December, 2005, 2006 and 2007, consumption of sodium chloride, calcium
chloride and magnesium chloride accounted for approximately 21 percent, 16
percent and 13 percent of the Group’s total cost of sales respectively and
approximately 17 percent, 13 percent and 11 percent of its turnover
respectively. De-icing agents are manufactured by granulisation and drying of
various chlorides and additives. Thiophenes are manufactured from the
catalisation and distillation of butadiene and sulphur.
At
present, the Group purchases most of its principal raw materials locally. All of
the Group’s suppliers are paid in RMB. Most of the Group’s suppliers do not
allow a credit period.
The
chemical production facilities of the Group are located in Shandong Province in
the PRC and occupy a total site area of 69,278 square meters. Three production
lines are utilized for the manufacture of snow melting agent products, while one
production line is operated to produce thiophene and one production line is
operated to produce fire retardant agent. Total annual production capacity in
2007 was 300,000 tonnes (tonnes is a metric measure of weight equivalent to
1,000 kilograms).
The
PRC Fertilizer Industry
The PRC’s
chemical fertilizer industry plays an important role in the world fertilizer
industry. The PRC is one of the largest fertilizer producers and it accounts for
34.3 percent of global consumption (168.7 million tonnes – by effective
component) in 2007.
In order
to encourage investment in the fertilizer industry, the PRC Government has
promulgated a number of preferential policies, including zero rate VAT for
fertilizer products, preferential electricity prices and cheaper railway
transportation.
The PRC’s continuous economic growth,
agricultural development, growing demand for fertilizers and preferential
fertilizer industry policies combine to promote the development of the
fertilizer industry. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the PRC’s
output of chemical fertilizers grew from 37.9 million tonnes (by effective
component) in 2002 to 57.9 million tonnes (by effective component) in
2007, with an average annual
growth rate of 8.8 percent.
9
The
PRC Chemical Industry
The
chemical industry is the third largest in the PRC and accounted for 10 percent
of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”) in 2006 according to the PRC
National Bureau of Statistics. Chinese consumption constituted 35 percent to 40
percent of global demand growth for chemicals. The growth in domestic demand for
chemicals alone in 2005 and 2006 was 7 percent to 8 percent, according to the
PRC National Bureau of Statistics. Despite this growth however, the PRC has a
net chemical trade deficit and remains heavily dependent on imported raw
materials, which have over recent years been affected by upward price trends in
the world market caused by heavy global demand for raw materials, petroleum and
other inputs.
Information
on the Industry
Classification
and Function of Fertilizers
Fertilizers
are used to provide, maintain and improve plant nutrition and enhance the
performance of the soil in which plants grow, with the aim of increasing
agricultural output, improving the quality of agricultural products and
increasing plants’ resistance to disease. As set out below, fertilizers come in
both organic and inorganic forms.
Chemical
Fertilizers (Inorganic Fertilizers)
Chemical
fertilizers are manufactured using inorganic material of wholly or partially
synthetic origin, and are added to the soil to sustain plant growth. Chemical
fertilizers generally contain one or more of the following nutrients, which are
essential to plant growth:
• Nitrogen
Nitrogen
plays an important role during plant growth. It is a component of amino acids in
plants, which are the building blocks of protein. Nitrogen also helps the crop
yield. It not only increases the output of agricultural products, but also
improves their quality.
• Potassium
Potassium
is essential in its ionic form for metabolism. Potassium encourages crops to use
nitrogen more efficiently, increases production, improves crop quality and
increases crop resistance.
• Phosphorous
Phosphorus
is the component of cell protoplasm in the plant. It plays an important role in
cell growth and proliferation. It also assists in photosynthesis, and
accelerates root growth of seedlings and the growth of plump-eared
grain.
In
accordance with their mineral nutrient content, chemical fertilizers can be
divided into four types, namely nitrogen, phosphate, potash and compound
fertilizers.
Organic
Fertilizers
Organic fertilizer is made up of
materials of natural origin (primarily derived from plants and/or
animals). It releases
nutrients into the soil as its constituent parts are broken down by
micro-organisms.
Organic
fertilizers promote the growth and reproduction of micro-organisms in the soil,
improve the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the soil, and
increase the soil’s capacity to hold water and nutrients, thus creating a
favorable environment for plant growth.
10
GLOBAL
DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF FERTILIZER
The
steady growth of the global population and of the world economy has contributed
to increased demand for agricultural products. Other factors, including the
development of bio-energy (partly in response to rising oil prices) and the
implementation of favorable agricultural policies in certain countries, have
also promoted agricultural growth, which in turn has led to growth in demand for
fertilizers.
2007 was
a record year for the global production of fertilizer, as buoyant demand
stretched the industry’s capability to meet global requirements. External
factors such as those noted above are likely to further increase agricultural
production, thus stimulating demand for fertilizers, particularly in Asia and
the Americas. After a modest 1.5 percent growth in 2006, aggregate world
fertilizer consumption increased sharply, by over 5 percent in 2007. East Asia
and North America accounted for the majority of the increase in
demand.
Global
Fertilizer Consumption (million tonnes)
Nitrogen
|
Phosphorus
|
Potassium
|
Total
|
|||||||||||||
2007
(estimated)
|
99.4
|
40.2
|
29.1
|
168.7
|
||||||||||||
2008
(forecast)
|
102.9
|
40.8
|
29.8
|
173.5
|
||||||||||||
2012
(forecast)
|
114.9
|
45.4
|
32.8
|
193.1
|
||||||||||||
2008-2012
CAGR* 2008 **
|
2.8
|
%
|
2.7
|
%
|
2.4
|
%
|
2.7
|
%
|
*Compound
Annual Growth Rate
**Based
on estimates of future demand in 2008 and 2012.
Source:
IFA, June 2008
An
International Fertilizer Association (“IFA”) report indicates that, in response
to relatively high agricultural commodity prices in 2007, as well as to policies
promoting fertilizer use in many Asian countries and favorable weather
conditions in the northern hemisphere, global fertilizer demand in 2007 is
estimated at 168.7 million metric (Mt) tonnes of nutrients. At the regional
level, the bulk of the increase in demand is forecast to come from Asia and, to
a lesser extent, from Latin America. South Asia and East Asia together are
forecast to account for two-thirds of total global growth. If Latin America is
added, the three regions together are forecast to account for 81 percent of the
increase in global demand in the next five years. The IFA report’s projections
for 2008 point to a further increase of 2.87 percent in world fertilizer demand,
reaching 173.5 million metric tonnes.
GROWING
AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY IN THE PRC
The PRC
is one of the fastest growing economies in the world and primary industry
(farming, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production and fishery) accounts
for over 10 percent of the PRC’s total gross domestic product.
The PRC
has a huge population of 1.3 billion. In contrast, the country’s farmland is
relatively limited, with approximately 130 million hectares of arable land. Per
capita arable land is less than 0.1 hectares.
11
Accordingly,
the PRC Government attaches great importance to the PRC’s issues concerning
“countryside, farmers and agriculture”. It has promulgated a series of
agricultural measures in favor of farmers since 2004, such as agricultural tax
relief, adopting agricultural subsidies and controlling arable area, so as to
promote the continued growth of agricultural production and farmers’ income. In
2007, the average per capita net income of Chinese farmers reached RMB 4,140,
representing an increase of 9.5 percent Over 2006. The PRC’s total grain output
reached 0.5015 trillion kilograms in 2007.
OVERVIEW
OF THE PRC FERTILIZER INDUSTRY
The PRC’s
chemical fertilizer industry plays an important role in the world fertilizer
industry. The PRC is one of the largest fertilizer producers and it accounts for
34 percent of global consumption (168.7 million tonnes – by effective component)
in 2007.
In order
to encourage investment in the fertilizer industry, the PRC Government has
promulgated a number of preferential policies, including zero rate VAT for
fertilizer products, preferential electricity prices and cheaper railway
transportation.
The PRC’s continuous economic growth,
agricultural development, growing demand for fertilizers and preferential
fertilizer industry policies combine to promote the development of the
fertilizer industry. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the PRC’s
output of chemical fertilizers grew from 37.9 million tonnes (by effective
component) in 2002 to 57.9 million tonnes (by effective component) in
2007, with an average annual
growth rate of 8.8 percent.
Development
trend of Chinese fertilizers
1.
|
Continuous
development of chemical fertilizers
|
The
pressure to use a decreasing area of land to feed a growing population has
resulted in a consistent upward trend in the output of chemical fertilizers in
the PRC. The use of compound fertilizers in particular has grown continuously in
recent years.
2.
|
Development
opportunity for slow/controlled release
fertilizers
|
The PRC
Government’s 11th Five-Year Technology Development Planning and the National
Mid/Long- Term Science and Technology Development Planning Framework of 2006
indicated the direction for the development of technology of Chinese
fertilizers, focusing on research and development of environmentally-friendly
fertilizers’ key technologies and developing compound slow release and
controlled-release fertilizers. The development and increased usage of slow
release and controlled release fertilizers should serve to reduce agricultural
pollution, and also to save non-renewable resources.
COMPOUND
FERTILIZERS IN THE PRC
Compound
fertilizers have become increasingly popular over the past decade and the
consumption of them has been growing at the fastest rate among the categories
listed. The consumption of compound fertilizers in the PRC has grown from
approximately 6,708,000 tonnes in 1995 to approximately 13,032,000 tonnes in
2005, representing a CAGR of approximately 7.66 percent The Directors believe
that the increasing popularity of compound fertilizers in the PRC derives from
their greater nutrient content compared with that of single-fertilizer mixtures,
and the fact that they can be adapted to give crops a variety of different
nutrients to cater for different conditions and times of
application.
12
EMERGENCE
OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS
Chemical
fertilizers provide plants with immediately available nutrients to sustain plant
growth and have been widely used in traditional PRC agricultural production for
decades. Prolonged usage of chemical fertilizers will reduce the soil’s
beneficial organism population and harden the soil. More and more countries are
therefore shifting gradually towards the use of organic
fertilizers.
Organic
fertilizer has been listed as one of the key development products in the 11th
Five-Year Plan for Ecology Protection, promulgated in October 2006. The PRC
Government also indicated that it would increase spending on research and
development on organic fertilizer products and technologies in the next five to
ten years. These new policies will help the farmers to realize the advantages of
using organic fertilizers, especially for farmland with poor soil structure and
fertility after prolonged inappropriate use of chemical fertilizers.
Accordingly, the Directors believe that demand for organic fertilizers will
remain strong in the coming years.
PRC
GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR THE FERTILIZER INDUSTRY
According
to the PRC National Bureau of Statistics, the PRC is currently the largest
fertilizer market in the world whereby fertilizer production and consumption
account for 34.3 percent of the global market and the annual average growth rate
in fertilizer application for 2002-2007 was 8.8 percent with demand growth
higher than the world average level. The Directors expect that the steady growth
of the PRC’s population and rising income will lead to demand for a diet with
higher protein such as meat, which requires grain as feedstock. The PRC’s
urbanization and industrialization will result in a continued decline in
available arable farm land, thus making it essential for the PRC to raise its
agricultural products yield to ensure adequate food supply. At the same time,
the Directors believe that economic reform in the PRC will lead to a growth in
consumer demand for cash crops such as vegetables and fruits, which generally
require the application of higher volumes of fertilizers than traditional farm
crops. The PRC Government has mandated that farmers increase crop yields in
order to decrease the nation’s dependence on food imports; the growing consensus
on the need to use environmentally friendly fertilizers has also been a factor
in the growth of the business of the Group. The Directors believe that as a
result of these factors, the demand for and the usage of fertilizers in the PRC
will increase and that, as one of the fast-growing and competitive fertilizer
producers in the PRC, the Group will benefit from the growth of the Chinese
fertilizer market.
As
fertilizer usage is key to increasing grain production yields, the PRC
Government has been encouraging fertilizer application and hence production.
Fertilizer production enterprises are given a number of benefits by the PRC
Government in terms of electricity supply and transportation. Since 2004, the
PRC Government has introduced several preferential VAT policies directly for the
benefit of fertilizer production enterprises; for instance, 50 percent of the
VAT collected from urea producers is refundable to these producers. To further
support the industry, from 1 July 2005, urea producers were temporarily exempted
from paying VAT, pursuant to a joint announcement made in May 2005 by the
Ministry of Finance and State Administration of Taxation. The purpose of these
preferential tax policies, and other supportive policies from the Government, is
to promote domestic fertilizer supply and stable fertilizer prices.
In
addition, the 11th Five-Year Plan for National Agricultural & Rural Economic
Development, promulgated in August 2006, establishes a goal of an annual 0.65
percent increase in comprehensive grain productive capacity over five years,
assuming an annual 0.18 percent decrease in planted grain acreage. The allowance
for the agricultural industry reached RMB 63.8 billion in 2008, representing an
increase of 131 percent over 2007. The PRC Government has recently declared that
it will strive to double the income of Chinese farmers by 2020 from the 2008
level and elevate the nation’s agricultural productivity to a higher level. The
11th Five-Year Plan for Fertilizer Industry, issued by the PRC’s National
Development and Reform Commission in October 2006, urges that the nation’s
fertilizer production should reach 60 million tonnes by 2010, which represents
an approximately 25 percent growth above the production in 2004. The Directors
believe that these policies will lead to a sustained demand for each type of
fertilizer.
13
OVERVIEW
OF THE PRC CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
The
chemical industry is the third largest in the PRC and accounted for 10 percent
of the country’s GDP in 2006 according to the PRC National Bureau of Statistics.
Chinese consumption constituted 35 percent to 40 percent of global demand growth
for chemicals. The growth in domestic demand for chemicals alone in 2005 and
2006 was 7 percent to 8 percent, according to the PRC National Bureau of
Statistics.
Despite
this growth however, the PRC has a net chemical trade deficit and remains
heavily dependent on imported raw materials, which have over recent years been
affected by upward price trends in the world market caused by heavy global
demand for raw materials, petroleum and other input.
Operations
and Employees
The
Group’s major production facilities and sales offices are located in Weifang,
Shandong Province in the PRC. At the date of this document, the Group has
approximately 220 employees, including the Executive Directors. Most of the
employees work in Shandong Province.
The
breakdown of the employees by function is as follows:
Changda Fertilizer
|
Changda Chemical
|
Changda
International Total
|
||||||||||
Directors
|
6
|
1
|
7
|
|||||||||
Management
and administration
|
9
|
4
|
13
|
|||||||||
Finance
and Accounting
|
13
|
5
|
18
|
|||||||||
Sales
and marketing
|
17
|
9
|
26
|
|||||||||
Product
Development
|
7
|
7
|
14
|
|||||||||
Production
|
49
|
81
|
130
|
|||||||||
Quality
Control
|
7
|
5
|
12
|
|||||||||
Total
|
108
|
112
|
220
|
Directors
Charles Frans Victor Brock
, Chairman and Director (age
42)
Mr. Brock
has over 20 years of experience in investment management and corporate finance,
specializing in the Asian region. Mr. Brock most recently served as a director
in the corporate finance department of Insinger de Beaufort, helping to develop
the Chinese/Asian side of business. Before joining Insinger, he was Head of
Pacific Equities at F&C Management Limited and Director of F&C Emerging
Markets Ltd. Mr. Brock is a member of the CFA Institute and the UK
Society of Investment Professionals. He graduated from York University with a
BA(Hons) in Economics and Politics and obtained an M.Sc. in Development Studies
from The School of Oriental and African Studies.
14
Leodegario Quinto Camacho
, Chief Financial Officer and
Director (age 56)
Mr.
Camacho has over 34 years of experience as a financial controller in both public
and private companies in the United States and the Philippines. As a
professional Certified Public Accountant for 33 years, he is a member of the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey Society of
Certified Public Accountants and Association of Filipino-American Accountants.
Mr. Camacho is currently serving in a CPA firm Camacho & Camacho LLP in New
Jersey.
Qing Ran Zhu , Chief Executive Officer and
Director (age 47)
Mr. Zhu
has over 20 years of experience working in the sales and marketing of feed
products in the PRC agricultural industry. Before co-founding Changda Fertilizer
and Changda Chemical, Mr. Zhu was the Vice General Manager of Weifang Legang
Food Company and obtained extensive knowledge about food production, and
consequently food and health regulations in the domestic market. Mr. Zhu
graduated from Weifang Vocational College with a Bachelor’s degree in Economics
Administration.
Hua Ran Zhu , Director and Co-founder (age
54)
Mr. Zhu
has over 20 years of experience working in the chemical industry. Before
co-founding Changda Fertilizer and Changda Chemical, Mr. Zhu was in charge of
the production workshop and machinery safety department in Shandong Haihua
Group, thereby building years of expertise and experience in the production and
safety of chemical products. Mr. Zhu graduated from the University of Shandong
Government Official Distance-Learning.
Carsten Aschoff , Director (age
38)
Mr.
Aschoff has over 10 years’ management experience with various technology
companies in both Germany and the PRC. Mr. Aschoff is currently the director of
Siger Trading Ltd and Siger Technologies GmbH in Germany since March 2006 and
August 2006 respectively. From July 2005 to March 2006, Mr.Aschoff was involved
in freelance consulting work in the PRC. Between 2002 and June 2005, Mr. Aschoff
was the general manager for Shandong Linuo Paradigma Co. Ltd. in Jinan, China.
He was responsible for business development, production and distribution of
solar thermal systems. From 1998 to 2003, Mr. Aschoff was the lecturer at the
University of Applied Science HFT in Stuttgart, Faculty of Architecture –
“technical development” and “sustainable building”. Between 1996 and 2001, Mr.
Aschoff was working in the product management in Paradigma Energie-und
Umwelttechnik GmbH & Co. KG, Karlsbad, Germany.
Jan Pannemann , Director (age
34)
Mr.
Pannemann has six years of experience as a project manager and independent
business advisor in the City of London. Mr. Pannemann is also a co-founder of
Qingdao China Partners Investment Advisory, a PRC centric strategic management
advisory company, which was successfully merged in 2007 with now PLUS Markets
quoted Geo Genesis Group Ltd. Mr. Pannemann currently lives and works in the
PRC.
15
Senior
Management
Intellectual
Property
All of
the Group’s fertilizer products are sold under the “CHANGDA” trade mark, which
was granted by the PRC authorities on October 14, 2008, other than those sold
through China Post, which are sold under the “FENGTAI WOSIDA” trade mark, which
was granted by the PRC authorities on October 7, 2008. The “CHANGDA” trade mark
covers a wide range of fertilizer products, including agricultural fertilizers,
animal fertilizers, compound fertilizers and plant fertilizers.
All the
Group’s chemical products are also sold under the “CHANGDA” trade mark. The
trademark “CHANGDA” for the chemical products was applied for in June 2006 and
June 2007.
A total
of eight patent applications have been filed in the PRC in relation to the
various production methods and technology currently employed by the Group for
its fertilizer business. In addition, the Group has, together with Mr. Qing Ran
Zhu filed two patent applications in the PRC in relation to its snow melting
agent product and thiophene production methods and technology for its chemical
business segment. A summary of the Group’s patents is set out
below:
Company
Business
|
Patent
Description
|
Patent
registration
No.
|
Status
|
Date
of patent
filed/issued
|
||||
Fertilizer
|
High
silicon compound fertilizer product and its Production
Process
|
200710110812.1
|
Filed
|
June
11, 2007
|
||||
Sprout
and Article Formation Production Process for Compound
Fertilizer
|
200610043439.8
|
Granted
|
December
12, 2007
|
|||||
An
Organic-Compound Fertilizer and its Production Process
|
200810007504.0
|
Filed
|
February
26, 2008
|
|||||
Intelligent
Sulfur Film Coating for Large Granular Urea or Granular Compound
Fertilizers
|
200710195664.8
|
Filed
|
December
5, 2007
|
|||||
A
Soil Conditioner Containing Nitrogen and Phosphor
|
200810007850.9
|
Filed
|
February
26, 2008
|
|||||
A
Social Conditioner and its Production Process
|
200810007503.6
|
Filed
|
February
26, 2008
|
|||||
Resin
capsule fertilizer and technology 1
|
200810126410.5
|
Filed
|
June
26, 2008
|
|||||
Resin
capsule fertilizer coating
|
200810126411.X
|
Filed
|
June
26, 2008
|
|||||
Chemical
|
Treatment
method of a Sulphur contained Tar Waste produced in Manufacture Process
for Thiophene 1
|
200710195665.2
|
Filed
|
December
5, 2007
|
||||
Anti
Freeze Combination and its Production Process
|
200610043440.0
|
Granted
|
December
25, 2007
|
16
1
Patent applications were filed in the name of Mr. Qing Ran Zhu, who has signed
an instrument stating that he will assign the patents to Changda Chemical and
Changda fertilizer (wherever applicable) free of consideration after the patents
are granted.
Currently,
two patent applications have been granted to the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and
eight applications are still pending. Upon completion of the registration as the
owner of the filed patents, the Group will be able to enjoy all rights and
benefits in those patents.
Insurance
The Group
has taken out a basic asset insurance policy with China Continent Property &
Casualty Insurance Company Ltd. However, the Group does not have business
disruption insurance, as the Group has determined that the risks of disruption
and the cost of insurance are such that it does not required it at this time.
Any business disruption, litigation or natural disaster may result in
substantial costs and diversion of resources. Should any of these events occur
they may have a material adverse risk on the business and financial results of
the Group.
Research
and Development
The Group
devotes considerable effort and resources in improving the quality of its
existing products and accelerating the development of new products. The Group
has a research and development team comprising 14 staff. Most members of the
research and development team have either bachelors or master’s degrees in
related fields. They have considerable experience in soil studies, plant
nutrition and fertilizers and chemistry. The main functions of the research and
development team are to:
i.
|
conduct
research and technical feasibility studies on the formulae, manufacturing
processes, quality and stability of the Group’s
products;
|
|
ii.
|
keep
the Group abreast of the latest developments in both the global and
domestic chemical fertilizer markets; and
|
|
iii.
|
formulate
and evaluate the strategic policies for the Group’s products to enhance
their marketability.
|
In
addition to research and development into new products and production processes,
the Group’s research and development centre also provides after-sales support
and training to its distributors and customers. Such services not only help to
build and strengthen customer relationships, but also allow the Group to receive
feedback on its products for continuous development and
improvement.
Our
Competitors
Given the
relatively high cost of transporting fertilizers and the poor transport links
across parts of rural China, the major competitors to the Group’s fertilizer
business are companies located in Shandong Province or nearby, many of which are
small family-run operations. The Group also faces some competition from larger
quasi-national companies, in particular:
17
●
Shandong Hualu-Hengsheng Chemical Co., which operates various fertilizer
production lines, including those for urea and ammonia, in Dezhou, Shandong
Province;
● China
Blue Chemical Ltd, which supplies an extensive range of fertilizers. It operates
in the main agricultural regions of China, including Shandong
Province;
● Hubei
Yihua Chemical Industry Co., which supplies the domestic market with a range of
chemical fertilizers. It is based in Hubei Province in Eastern
China;
● Qinghai
Salt Lake Potash, a leading fertilizer company which specializes in the
production of potassium chloride, a product that it sells throughout
China;
●
Sinofert Holdings Ltd. (“Sinofert”) is an investment company with shareholdings
in various undertakings which operate in the Chinese fertilizer market.
Sinofert’s two main business streams – sources and distribution – operate
nationwide. Sinofert produces all three nutrient-based fertilizers – nitrogen,
phosphate and potash – as well as a range of compound products: potash is its
leading profit generator.
In terms
of its specialty chemicals business, competition for the Group is less
clear-cut. In particular, contracts for its snow melting products normally
follow the submission of tenders, both in mainland China and in overseas
markets; in the latter case, the Group will normally be competing against local
suppliers.
Competitive
Strengths
The
Directors believe that, compared with other PRC fertilizer manufacturers, the
following principal competitive strengths contribute to the Group’s historical
success and future prospects:
Experienced
management team
The
management team has average industry experience of over 10 years in production,
financial and business management. The Directors believe the management team
possesses the leadership, vision and in depth industry knowledge to anticipate
and take advantage of market opportunities, to formulate sound business
strategies, and to execute the strategies in an effective manner to maximize the
benefit to Shareholders. Senior management has been able to achieve
cost-efficient, organic and acquisitive growth of the Group’s business as well
as effective integration of management and operations. A corporate management
system, business philosophy and corporate culture have contributed to the
success of the Group’s historical growth.
Strong
distribution channel anchored by an exclusive distribution agreement with China
Post
The
Group’s sales are primarily in Shandong Province, one of the major agricultural
provinces in the PRC, and overseas to Japan. The Group supplied 10 percent of
snow melting agents demanded in Japan in 2007. The Group has established a broad
distribution network, including five exclusive distribution centers in Shandong
Province, and an exclusive distribution agreement with China Post, which has a
broad network of 80,000 distribution centers in 18 cities in Shandong Province.
The Group has a large corporate and government client base. The Group is able to
obtain information on the identity of end-users, so as to establish on-going and
direct business relationships with them, providing technical training and
after-sales services. Training seminars are also conducted on a regular basis
for end-users, to familiarize them with the Group’s products and promote brand
presence and enhance market value.
18
The Group
reviews the strengths of potential distributors, including their financial
soundness, market coverage and reputation, to evaluate potential candidates
before appointing them as distributors.
A
developer of next generation microbial organic-inorganic compound fertilizers
and slow-release compound fertilizers
Prolonged
application of synthetic chemical additives to soil leads to deterioration of
soil condition and water pollution. Unlike inorganic fertilizers, the Group’s
microbial organic-inorganic compound fertilizer products may facilitate the
preservation of soil fertility and the prevention of some plant diseases. In
1998, the State Council of the PRC launched the “Rich Soil Project” in the PRC,
with the objective of improving the deteriorating arable soil condition by
promoting the usage of organic fertilizers. The Group’s microbial
organic-inorganic compound fertilizer products are consistent with this
government policy, and the Directors believe they will contribute to the
protection of the environment.
Excellent
growth in turnover and asset scale compared to peers in the PRC
Between
2005 and 2007 the Group achieved a CAGR of 59 percent in turnover and 74 percent
in net income. This is significantly greater than the growth rates exhibited by
the Group’s listed peers. The Directors believe that the use of the proceeds of
the offering to fund the new plant in Heze, the expansion of new chemical lines
and the advancement of research and development shall help the Group to continue
on this strong growth trajectory.
Full
scale research and development support with patent coverage over both the
fertilizer and chemical key products
The
Group’s product range of fertilizers and chemical products are covered by two
granted patents and eight patents which are pending. The Group has a strong
focus on research and development to ensure that the quality of its products is
continuously improved and to accelerate the development of new
products. The Directors are confident that the Group’s capabilities
in developing new products and production processes will allow the Group’s
products to remain at the forefront of those available in the Group’s target
markets.
Strong
brand with national awards and accreditations
The
Group’s brands are well known in the Shandong province of the PRC, which is the
Group’s key target market. The products offered by the Group are associated with
high quality fertilizer products.
Fertilizer
sector receives significant support from the PRC government
The PRC
Government has expressed strong support for the agricultural industry, declaring
that farmers’ incomes should double from the 2008 level by 2020 and that
agricultural productivity should increase. The PRC Government has also expressed
support for the fertilizer industry in particular, stating that annual
fertilizer production should reach 60m tonnes by 2010, representing a 25 percent
increase over the 2004 level. The Directors believe that these policies will
lead to a sustained demand for each type of fertilizer.
The
Company’s internal processes and environmental procedures are ISO9001/ISO 14000
certified
19
The
internal processes and environmental procedures adopted by the Group ensure that
quality control, efficiency and environmental awareness are of the highest
level. This has been recognized by the attaining of the internationally
recognized ISO 9001 and ISO 14000 certifications.
Quality
Control Standards and Procedures
Stringent
quality control measures are implemented throughout the fertilizer and chemical
products’ production process in accordance with national standards. Each of the
plants has a quality control team in place to ensure product quality meets the
standards set by the PRC Government.
The
quality management and control system of the production facilities encompasses
the following features:
• Process
control – well-trained management and operating personnel to optimize
operations, stabilize production and ensure product quality.
•
Packaging and storage – systematic package and storage procedures are in place
to ensure proper packaging and to avoid any damage to the products during
storage in the Group’s warehouses.
• Testing
and Inspection – testing appliances are installed. Quality inspection teams
undertake random tests of both intermediate and finished products on a sample
basis to ensure the products comply with the required standards. Testing
processes include checking physical appearance and composition of
nutrients.
•
Machinery and equipment management – engineers and other personnel conduct
regular checks and repairs to maintain production.
Legal
Proceedings
Currently
we are not involved in any pending litigation or legal proceeding.
RISK
FACTORS
In
addition to the other information set out in this document, the following
special factors should be considered carefully in evaluating whether to make an
investment in the Company. This is a high risk investment and investors may lose
a substantial proportion or even all of the money they invest in the Company. If
you are in any doubt about the contents of this document or the action you
should take, you should consult your stockbroker, solicitor, accountant or other
independent professional advisor authorized under the FSMA who specializes in
advising on the acquisition of shares and other securities.
The
Directors believe the risks set out below to be the most significant for
potential investors. The risks listed, however, do not necessarily comprise all
those associated with an investment in the Company and are not intended to be
presented in any order of priority.
Any
persons considering whether to acquire Shares should seek professional tax
advice as to the consequences of their owning Shares in the Company as well as
receiving returns from it. Tax commentary in this document is provided for
information only and no representation or warranty, express or implied, is given
to any recipient of this document as to the tax consequences of acquiring,
owning or disposing of Shares and neither the Company nor the Directors will be
responsible for any tax consequences of any investment in the
Company.
20
RISKS
RELATING TO THE GROUP’S BUSINESS OPERATIONS
The
Company is a newly formed company with no operating history and therefore
investors are not able to assess the Company’s prospects on the basis of past
results
Although
the Group has a history going back to 2005, the Company was incorporated on
April 2, 2007 and has no significant trading, operating or financial history. It
may be difficult, therefore, to evaluate the Company’s current or future
prospects. In addition, new products such as microbial fertilizer and thiophene
which were launched in 2007 cannot be construed as an indication of the future
performance of the Group. The Group will also launch new types of fertilizer
after completion of the new production plant in Heze, Shandong Province. Certain
business segments of the Group are in an initial stage of operation, and may
therefore incur additional business risk.
Reliance
on China Post Logistics (Shandong) Limited (“China Post”)
For each
of the three years ended December 31, 2005, 2006, and 2007, sales via China Post
and its branch offices accounted for approximately 56 percent, 51 percent and 61
percent respectively of the Group’s total turnover. If there is any disruption
in the Group’s business relationship with China Post and the Group fails to
secure new distributors with a similar sales network in the PRC, the operation
and profitability of the Group may be adversely affected.
Dependence
upon key personnel
The
Group’s performance is to a significant extent dependent upon the continuing
services and performance of key management personnel and in particular the
Co-founders, two of whom are also Executive Directors. The Group’s future
success will depend, in part, on its ability to attract and retain highly
qualified management and technical personnel. There can be no assurance that the
Group will be successful in hiring or retaining qualified personnel. The loss of
key personnel, or the inability to hire or retain qualified personnel, could
have an adverse effect on the business and operations of the Group.
30
days’ notice of termination by key management
Under the
laws of the PRC, no employee can be required to give longer than 30 days’ notice
of the termination of their employment. Although the key management personnel in
the PRC have been hired on employment contracts with an initial fixed term of 3
to 5 years, there is a risk that any of the key management personnel could cease
employment with the Group on 30 days’ notice at any time.
Risk
of infringement of the Group’s intellectual property rights in the
PRC
All the
Group’s fertilizer and chemical products are sold under the “CHANGDA” and
“FENGTAI WOSIDA” trademarks which are registered as trademarks in the PRC. In
addition, two patent applications have been granted and eight patent
applications are still pending. There can be no assurance that the existing
legal protection in the PRC will effectively prevent unauthorized use of the
Group’s “CHANGDA” and “FENGTAI WOSIDA” trademarks or the misappropriation by
third parties of the technology associated with the Group’s applied/registered
patents.
21
Policing
unauthorized use of the trademarks and the proprietary technology of the Group
may be difficult, costly and ineffective, and there can be no assurance that any
steps taken by the Group will effectively prevent any such misappropriation or
infringement from occurring. Unauthorized use of the Group’s trademarks and
patented technology could adversely affect the performance of the Group and its
business reputation. Failure to renew the Group’s trademarks could also
adversely affect the performance of the Group and its business
reputation.
In
relation to the eight patent applications which are still pending, should the
Group fail in its application for securing such patents, it may not be able to
prevent the unauthorized use of the Group’s technologies and methods as set out
in the applications. In this event, unauthorized use of the Group’s production
methods and technologies could adversely affect the performance of the
Group.
Risk
that the Group may be subject to claims of infringement of third-party
intellectual property rights
From time
to time, third parties may assert against the Group alleged patent, copyright,
trademark, knowhow, or other intellectual property rights to technologies that
are important to the Group’s business. In particular, the Group may be subject
to intellectual property infringement claims relating to micro-organic compound
fertilizers from a Mr. Jiu Shun Chen. Mr. Chen and one of the Co-founders, Mr.
Qing Ran Zhu, who were co-applicants in relation to three patent applications
relating to micro-organic compound fertilizers, but those patent applications,
were rejected by the China Patent Office. Changda Fertilizer used the underlying
technology as set out in the patent applications in manufacturing its products
in 2006 and 2007, and the sales of those products made up a significant portion
of Changda Fertilizer’s revenues in 2006 and 2007; however, the products related
to the patents in question are no longer in production by the Group and are not
anticipated to be produced by the Group in the future.
Any
claims that the Group’s products or processes, whether in relation to the
specific circumstances set out above or otherwise, infringe the intellectual
property rights of others, regardless of the merit or resolution of such claims,
could cause the Group to incur significant costs in responding to, defending,
and resolving such claims, and may divert the efforts and attention of the
Group’s management and technical personnel away from the business. As a result
of such intellectual property infringement claims, the Group could be required
or otherwise decide it is appropriate to: pay third-party infringement claims;
discontinue manufacturing, using, or selling particular products subject to
infringement claims; discontinue using the technology or processes subject to
infringement claims; develop other technology not subject to infringement
claims, which could be time-consuming and costly or may not be possible; and/or
license technology from the third-party claiming infringement, which license may
not be available on commercially reasonable terms.
The
occurrence of any of the foregoing could result in unexpected expenses or
require the Group to recognize an impairment of the Group’s assets, which would
reduce the value of the assets and increase expenses. In addition, if the Group
alters or discontinues the production of affected items, its revenue could be
negatively impacted.
22
Risks
in failing to obtain statutory permits/certificates/approvals or to renew
existing statutory permits/ certificates/ approvals
(a)
|
Fertilizer
related permits and certificates
|
Industrial
production permits and fertilizer registration certificates are statutory
requirements for the production and/or distribution of certain fertilizers in
the PRC. As at the date of this document, these permits and certificates in
relation to all of the Group’s fertilizer products have been obtained. Failure
to renew these industrial production permits and/or fertilizer registration
certifications by the Group upon their respective expiry could adversely affect
the operation of the Group.
(b)
|
Real
estate approvals
|
The Group
has not obtained formal title certificates to some of the properties it occupies
and one landlord lacks the legal right to lease the properties to the Group,
which may materially and adversely affect the Group’s right to use such
properties.
Changda
Heze is constructing fertilizer manufacturing facilities on a parcel of land
with an area of approximately 53,333 square meters in the Mudan Industrial Park,
Heze City, Shandong Province. Although the Group has entered into a letter of
intent with the local government in Heze regarding the purchase of the land from
the State, the Group is still in the process of obtaining the relevant land use
right certificates and building ownership certificates for the land and the
constructions being built thereon. Upon obtaining the relevant certificates for
these properties, the Group will have the legal right to occupy, let, transfer
and mortgage such properties. However, the Group may not be able to obtain all
of the title certificates it currently lacks, in which case its rights as owner
or occupier of the land and the constructions may be adversely affected as a
result of the absence of the formal title certificates as described above and it
may be subject to lawsuits or other actions taken against the Group. Moreover,
Changda Heze may also be subject to fines of 5 to 10 percent of the cost of
constructions built by Changda Heze on the land without first obtaining
construction approvals (construction costs were approximately RMB 18 million,
approximately U.S. $2.6 million).
Changda
Chemical leases a parcel of land with an area of approximately 22,500 square
meters from Xinxing Village Villagers’ Committee (the “Committee”). Changda
Chemical has built manufacturing facilities on the land. The Committee does not
have the right to lease the land to Changda Chemical because the land is
collectively-owned land for agricultural purposes and therefore is not permitted
to be leased for industrial purposes. Although the Company has received written
certifications from the local authority that Changda Chemical has attended to
all relevant procedures using the land and that the land is, according to the
municipal planning authority, intended for industrial purposes, the lease may be
deemed invalid under PRC law. If the lease is terminated or invalidated, the
Group may be forced to seek alternative premises, without entitlement to any
compensation and incur additional costs relating to such relocations. Moreover,
Changda Chemical may also be subject to fines of 5 to 10 percent of the cost of
the constructions built by Changda Chemical on the land without first obtaining
construction approvals (construction costs were approximately RMB 4.3m,
approximately U.S.$629,000).
(c)
|
Safety
and environmental approvals
|
The Group
has obtained production safety approvals with respect to its manufacturing lines
which are currently in use for its fertilizer and chemical business. Failure to
renew these approvals upon their respective expiry could adversely affect the
operations of the Group.
23
Differences
between PRC and US GAAP
The
profits of the Group are derived from its subsidiaries established in the PRC.
The profits available for distribution for companies established in the PRC are
determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards, which may differ from
the amount arrived at under the U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
(“US GAAP”). In the event that the amount of the profits determined
under the PRC accounting standard in a given year is less than that determined
under the US GAAP, the Company may not have funds to allow distribution of
profits to its Shareholders.
Untested
market for thiophene and fire retardant chemical
It is
possible that if and when the Group’s thiophene and fire retardant chemical
products are launched into the market, the originally predicted market may have
changed either due to an increase in the supply of such products or changes in
the demand for such products. Therefore, there is no assurance that the Group
will be able to sell any of its new products as planned, and failure to do so
may have an adverse impact on the Group’s business, operations and financial
condition.
Sustainability
of growth
The Group
achieved a turnover and net profit growth of about 57 percent and 52 percent
respectively for the financial year ended December 31, 2007. There is no
assurance that such growth rate can be sustained or that the Group can retain
and attract qualified management, employees and customers. In the event that the
Group is unable to maintain such attributes, the Group may have negative growth
or stagnant growth, which in turn may impair its business operations and
profitability.
Sustainability
of profit margin
Raw
materials for fertilizer products have risen significantly in the last several
years. The Group expects continued volatility and uncertainty in prices for raw
materials. In addition, the operations of the Group, like those of other PRC
fertilizer companies, are also subject to extensive regulation by the PRC
Government authorities such as the Ministry of Agriculture, the State
Development Planning Commission, the Ministry of Commerce, the State Bureau of
Taxation and the local pricing bureaus, which exercise extensive control over
various aspects of the operations of the Group: pricing mechanisms for the
Group’s raw materials and main products; industry-specific taxes and fees; and
import and export quotas and procedures. As a result, the Group may face
significant constraints on its ability to implement its business strategies or
to maximize its profitability. Price increases in raw materials and any change
to the regulation by the PRC Government authorities may adversely affect the
Group’s fertilizer business and the profitability and financial results of the
Group.
Relationship
with existing and ex-employees
The Group
has a total of approximately 220 employees and skilled labor working in its
offices and production facilities in the PRC. The Directors are of the view that
the Group has not experienced any labor disputes which could lead to material
undesirable disruptions to the Group’s operations and business. However, there
can be no assurance that the Group will be able to maintain a prolonged good
relationship with its existing or ex-employees and that no labor disruptions
will occur in the future. Should any industrial action or labor unrest occur,
the Group’s business operations could be adversely affected.
24
The
Group faces competition from other fertilizer and chemical producers and
sellers. Therefore, business and prospects may be adversely affected if the
Group is not able to compete effectively.
The Group
operates in markets where it competes with domestic chemical and organic
fertilizer and chemical producers and sellers of similar or larger size and
scale in the PRC. In addition, a number of foreign companies have established
fertilizer and chemical manufacturing enterprises in the PRC, and other foreign
manufacturers may do so in the future. The Group also operates in a very
competitive international fertilizer market. Such domestic and foreign
competitors may have greater access to financial resources, higher levels of
vertical integration, better operating efficiency and longer operating
histories. If the Group is unable to improve product quality, performance and
price competitiveness or if the Group is unable to anticipate and respond to
changing market demand, maintain operating efficiency and economies of scale,
and control costs in connection with the planned expansion, raw materials and
energy, the Group’s business and prospects may be adversely affected and the
Group may not be able to compete effectively.
The
Group’s business and operations require capital investment. Failure to raise
sufficient capital in a timely manner may adversely affect business and results
of operations
In
accordance with its development plan, the Group intends to expand its operations
in Heze, Shandong Province of the PRC. Management may from time to time have
other business expansion plans that require further capital. If it proves unable
to obtain such additional funding, the Group may not be able to pay for the
necessary capital expenditures needed for expansion, or to implement proposed
business strategies or at all. Any of the above could impede the implementation
of the Group’s business strategies or prevent the Group from entering into
transactions that would otherwise benefit business on commercially reasonable
terms or at all and adversely affect its financial condition and results of
operations.
Product
liability not covered under the Group’s insurance policies
Any
defects in the Group’s fertilizer and chemical products could result in economic
loss, adverse customer reaction against the Group, negative publicity, and
additional expenditure to rectify the problems and/or legal proceedings
instituted against the Group. The Group has not maintained any insurance policy
against losses that may arise from such claims. Any litigation relating to such
liability may be expensive and time consuming, and successful claims against the
Group could result in substantial monetary liability or damage to the business
reputation of the Group and disruption to the business operations of the
Group.
Operational
risk
The
financial performance of the Group is at all times subject to operational risks
which may include factors that are beyond the Group’s control. The production
process could face unforeseen operating problems and therefore production could
be delayed and financial performance would be adversely affected. Unanticipated
additional maintenance of the plant would also impact upon production capacity
and revenue projections. This potential downtime would impact upon the results
of the Group.
Operations
are subject to hazards and natural disasters that may not be fully covered by
the Group’s insurance policies
The Group
makes substantial investments in complex manufacturing and production facilities
and transportation equipment. Many of the production processes, raw materials
and certain finished products are potentially destructive and dangerous in
uncontrolled or catastrophic circumstances, including operating hazards, fires
and explosions, and natural disasters such as typhoons, floods, earthquakes and
major equipment failures for which insurance may not be obtainable at a
reasonable cost or at all. Should an accident or natural disaster occur, it may
cause significant property damage, disruption to operations and personal
injuries and the Group’s insurance coverage may be inadequate to cover such
loss. Should an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of insured limits occur, the
Group could suffer from damage to its reputation or lose all or a portion of
production capacity as well as future revenues anticipated to derive from the
relevant facilities. Any material loss not covered by the Group’s insurance
policies could materially and adversely affect the business, financial condition
and operations of the Group.
25
Possible
shortage in supply or price fluctuations of raw materials
The Group
has not experienced any significant shortage of raw materials during the past
few years. The purchase prices of major raw materials such as urea increased in
2007. The Group has managed to pass on the additional cost to its customers by
raising the selling price of its major products; however, the Group has not
entered into any long-term supply contracts with suppliers of major raw
materials and cannot guarantee that the Group will be able to pass any future
increases in raw material purchase prices on to consumers. In the event that
there is a significant shortage or change in the purchase price of raw materials
in the future and the Group is unable to transfer resulting cost increases to
its customers, the business operations and profitability of the Group may be
adversely affected.
Reliance
on the PRC market
During
2005 to 2007, 80 percent to 92 percent of the Group’s sales were derived from
the PRC market. The Directors expect that domestic sales will continue to
account for a significant portion of the Group’s total turnover. If there is any
material adverse change in political, economic or legal conditions in the PRC
market, the Group’s sales and profitability may be adversely
affected.
Failure
to achieve its business objectives
The
future plans as set out in this document have been formulated on the basis of a
number of assumptions in relation to future events, which by their nature are
subject to changes and uncertainties and may not materialize. Although the
Directors will endeavor to execute such plans there is no assurance that the
plans of the Group will materialize or be executed in accordance with the stated
timeframe or that the objectives of the Group will be fully
accomplished.
Moreover,
the Directors expect the Group’s business plans to be financed by the net
proceeds from the Placing and cash generated from operations. In the event that
these funds are insufficient to finance the business plans of the Group and the
Group is unable to raise funds through other financing activities, the business
plans of the Group may not materialize as described in this
document.
Loss
of or refusal of extension for preferential tax treatments
Changda
Fertilizer and Changda Chemical enjoyed a tax concession with full exemption
from enterprise income tax in 2005. In 2006, the local government of the
economic development area granted a special tax exemption to Changda Fertilizer
and Changda Chemical, pursuant to which each company was entitled to receive a
grant equivalent to the amount of enterprise income tax payable for the first
two profitable years commencing from January 2006, followed by an entitlement to
a grant equivalent to 50 percent of tax payable for the following three years.
Accordingly, any loss or refusal of an extension for these preferential tax
treatments could increase the tax expenditure of the Group in the future and
could have an adverse effect on the Group’s business, operations or financial
conditions.
26
Failure
to make payments for the compulsory social insurance schemes
Changda
Fertilizer and Changda Chemical failed to make due payments for the compulsory
social insurance schemes for their employees in accordance with the relevant PRC
laws and the companies are subject to a late charge on the outstanding social
insurance premiums. The employees of the Group also have the right to claim
damages in connection with the non-payment of the social insurance. No claim,
late charge nor penalty has been imposed on the Group as at December 2008.
Although the Group has made provision for the outstanding premium, the late
charges and the penalties, and the Co-founders have executed a deed of indemnity
in favor of the Group against any costs and liabilities which may be suffered or
incurred by the Group, the Group’s operations and financial results may be
adversely affected if any such claim is made against the Group and the
Co-founders are unable to comply with their indemnities
obligations.
RISKS
RELATING TO THE FERTILIZER AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES IN THE PRC
The
cyclical nature of the Group’s business will expose it to potentially
significant fluctuations in its financial condition
The
Group’s sales volumes and revenues are derived from two main product lines,
fertilizer and chemical products. In the normal course of business, the Group is
exposed to fluctuations in supply and demand and the prices of its products
depend on a number of factors, including general economic conditions, cyclical
trends in end-user markets, and supply and demand imbalances. In addition,
prices of the Group’s fertilizer products also depend on weather conditions,
which have a greater relevance because of the seasonal nature of fertilizer
application. The domestic price of fertilizers is also affected by demand for
agricultural products and affordability of fertilizers by farmers, PRC
Government policies and other factors beyond the Group’s control. Changes in
supply result from capacity additions or reductions and from changes in
inventory levels. The Group cannot guarantee that its prices will remain at
recent or current levels or that they will increase in the future.
The
Company faces significant challenges and changes in government policies,
including changes to VAT policies, adjustments of export custom duties and
accession to the WTO, which could affect the operational environment of its
industry and thus the Company’s financial performance
To ensure
a sufficient supply of fertilizers to meet the domestic demand in the PRC, the
PRC Government has historically adjusted its policies towards the export of
fertilizers, in particular through the cancellation of VAT refunds and
imposition of export tariffs. The PRC Government’s policies regarding export
tariffs have historically encouraged or discouraged exports, and the PRC
Government changed its tax regime for exports several times during the Track
Record Period and thereafter. In addition, the PRC Government may from time to
time change its VAT refund policies based on the level of supply or demand.
While the Group previously enjoyed VAT refunds for exports of its fertilizer
products, the Group is currently subjected to a seasonal export tariff ranging
from 20 percent to 185 percent Because of such changes in taxes and export
tariffs payable on exports of fertilizer products, the Group’s sales are
primarily domestically focused. The Group may in the future be subject to
further changes in tax liabilities, which may further affect the mix of domestic
and export sales and have an adverse impact on the Group’s business, results of
operations and net profits.
27
As part
of its WTO concession commitment, the PRC is obliged to open its domestic
fertilizer market to foreign participation within five years of its accession to
the WTO by allowing foreign participation in the trading and distribution of
fertilizers in the PRC. Whereas domestic fertilizer prices are insulated from
fluctuations of international market prices prior to the PRC’s World Trade
Organization accession, the Directors anticipate that international market
prices will have an increasingly direct impact on its fertilizer prices as the
PRC gradually relaxes its fertilizer trade restrictions.
Results
of operations are subject to seasonality and could be negatively impacted by
adverse weather conditions and seasonality
Sales of
fertilizer and snow melting agent products to end-users are seasonal in nature.
In general, the Group generates a greater amount of net sales and revenue during
planting months such as March to April and September to October each year for
its fertilizer business. For the snow melting agent business, net sales are
higher during the winter season only. Accordingly, revenue and results of
operations may be affected by seasonal variations in demand for the Group’s
products.
Imposition
of tariffs on export sale of fertilizer products
On April
20, 2008, the PRC Government imposed an export tariff of 100 percent to 135
percent on chemical fertilizers including phosphates, which will increase the
overseas selling price of the Group’s products. Further increase of such tariffs
will inevitably affect the operations and profitability of the
Group.
RISKS
RELATING TO THE PRC
Substantially
all of the Group’s assets are located in the PRC and a significant amount of its
sales revenue is generated from the PRC. Accordingly, the Group’s results of
operations, financial condition and prospects are to a significant degree
subject to economic, political and legal developments in the PRC.
Adverse
changes in the PRC’s economic, political, and social conditions as well as
government policies could have a material adverse effect on the PRC’s overall
economic growth, which could in turn adversely affect the Group’s financial
condition and results of operations
The
Chinese economy has been transitioning from a planned economy to a more
market-oriented economy. For the past two decades, the PRC Government has
implemented economic reform measures emphasizing utilization of market forces in
the development of the Chinese economy. The Group cannot predict whether any
changes in the PRC’s political, economic and social conditions, laws,
regulations and policies will have any material adverse effect on current or
future business, financial condition and results of operations of the
Group.
Changes
in foreign exchange regulations and future movements in the exchange rate of RMB
may adversely affect the financial condition and results of operations of the
Company and its ability to pay dividends
The
exchange rate of the RMB depends to a large extent on economic and political
developments in the PRC and around the world. Currently, the RMB is freely
exchangeable in current account transactions, but government-controlled in
capital accounts. The Group’s principal accounting records and domestic sales
are in RMB, but its revenue derived from export sales is denominated in foreign
currencies. As a result, the Group’s operations are exposed to fluctuations in
the exchange rate of the RMB against these foreign currencies. Any appreciation
of the RMB would increase the Group’s cost of production and may have an adverse
impact on the Group’s export sales. The Company will be able to pay dividends in
foreign currencies without prior approval from the PRC’s State Administration of
Foreign Exchange by complying with certain procedural requirements. However,
there is no assurance that these foreign exchange policies regarding payment of
dividends in foreign currencies will continue in the future. Fluctuations in the
exchange rate of the RMB may cause uncertainty to the Group’s financial
condition and adversely affect the Group’s operating results.
28
The
Chinese economy may experience inflationary pressure, which may lead to an
increase in interest rates and a slowdown in economic growth
In
response to concerns regarding the PRC’s high rate of growth, the PRC Government
has taken measures to slow down economic growth to a more manageable level.
Among the measures that the PRC Government has taken are restrictions on bank
loans in certain sectors. These measures have contributed to a slowdown in
economic growth in the PRC and a reduction in demand for consumer goods.
Consequently, these measures and any additional measures, including a possible
increase in interest rates, could contribute to a further slowdown in the
Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the future demand of the
Group’s products and the Group’s operating results.
Restrictions
on receipt of dividends from, and transfer of funds to, the Company’s Chinese
operating subsidiaries may be imposed
The
Company is incorporated in the Republic of the Marshall Islands and is the
holding company of the operating subsidiaries of the Group. At present, Changda
Fertilizer, Changda Chemical, Changda Heze and Changda Fengtai are the only
subsidiaries within the Group. The ability of Changda Fertilizer, Changda
Chemical, Changda Heze and Changda Fengtai and any future subsidiaries of the
Group which are Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprises (“WFOEs”), to declare dividends
and other payments to the Company may be restricted by factors that include
changes in applicable foreign exchange and other laws and regulations in the PRC
and in the Marshall Islands.
In
particular, under PRC law, profit available for distribution from the PRC
operating subsidiaries is determined in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles in the PRC. This calculation may differ from the one
performed in accordance with IFRS. As a result of the potential difference in
profit calculation, there is a risk that the PRC subsidiaries may not have
sufficient profit to distribute to the Group so as to allow distributions to the
Shareholders in the future. In addition, distributions by the Group’s
subsidiaries to the Group other than as dividends may be subject to governmental
approval and taxation.
Any
transfer of funds from the Group to its PRC subsidiaries, either as a
shareholder loan or as an increase in registered capital, is subject to
registration or approval of certain PRC governmental authorities, including the
relevant administration of foreign exchange and/or the relevant examining and
approval authority. Further, it is not permitted under PRC law for the Group’s
PRC subsidiaries to lend money to each other/another member of the Group.
Therefore, it is difficult to change the Group’s capital expenditure plans once
the relevant funds have been remitted from the Group to its PRC subsidiaries.
These limitations on the free flow of funds between the Group and its PRC
subsidiaries could restrict the Group’s ability to act in response to changing
market conditions and to reallocate funds from one PRC subsidiary to another in
a timely manner.
Ability
to enforce judgments abroad
The
Executive Directors all reside outside the UK and all or substantially all of
the assets of the Executive Directors are situated outside the UK. It may prove
difficult for investors to affect service of process upon those members of the
Group established in the PRC or elsewhere or the Executive Directors residing
outside the UK or to enforce against them in the PRC or elsewhere any judgments
obtained from UK courts.
29
The PRC
does not have treaties providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of
judgments of the courts of the United Kingdom or Marshall Islands or any
reciprocal relations with United Kingdom or Marshall Islands with respect to the
recognition and enforcement of the courts.
The PRC
has not acceded to the Hague Convention on Jurisdiction and Foreign Judgments in
Civil and Commercial Matters. Article 318 of the Advisory Opinion of the Supreme
People’s Court on Several Issues concerning Application of Civil Procedure Law
of the PRC provides that “where a party applies to a competent Intermediate
People’s Court of the PRC for recognition and enforcement of a legally effective
judgment or written order made by a foreign court, if the country in which such
foreign court is located and the PRC have not concluded or acceded to an
international treaty and have no reciprocal relations, the party may initiate a
new suit in a People’s Court which has sufficient jurisdiction. Based on the
same set of facts, a People’s Court will substantively re-examine the case and
render a judgment’’.
This is
not a procedure for recognizing and enforcing foreign judgments or written
orders, since it is an independent judgment made by the People’s Court after
exercising sufficient jurisdictional power and undertaking substantive
re-examination of the facts of the case. Therefore recognition and enforcement
in the PRC of judgments of a court in the United Kingdom or the Marshall Islands
in relation to any matter not subject to a binding arbitration provision may be
difficult or the outcome uncertain.
Environmental
regulation
The
Group’s operations are subject to environmental and safety regulation in the
PRC. Such regulation covers a wide variety of matters, including, without
limitation, prevention of waste, pollution and protection of the environment,
labor regulations and worker safety. The Group may also be subject, under such
regulations, to clean up costs and liability for toxic and hazardous substances
which may exist on or under any of its properties or which may be produced as a
result of its operations. In particular, the acceptable level of pollution and
the potential clean up costs and obligations and liability for toxic or
hazardous substances for which the Group may become liable as a result of its
activities may be impossible to assess against the current legal framework and
current enforcement practices of the PRC. In addition, environmental legislation
and permit regime are likely to evolve in a manner which will require stricter
standards and enforcement, increased fines and penalties for non-compliance,
more stringent environmental assessments of proposed projects and heightened
degree of responsibility for companies and their directors and
employees.
The
New M&A Regulations
The
Company has not obtained the approval of the China Securities Regulatory
Commission (the “CSRC”) in connection with Admission under the Provisional
Regulations on the Merger and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign
Investors (the “New M&A Regulations”). In the event that such an approval is
subsequently deemed to be required, the business, financial results and
prospects of the Group may be adversely affected. The New M&A Regulations
also establish more complex procedures for acquisitions conducted by foreign
investors which could make it more difficult to pursue growth through
acquisitions.
30
On August
6, 2006, six PRC regulatory authorities, including the CSRC, promulgated the New
M&A Regulations which came into effective on September 8, 2006. The New
M&A Regulations purport, among other things, to require an offshore special
purpose vehicle (“SPV”), formed for overseas listing purposes through
acquisitions of PRC domestic companies and controlled directly or indirectly by
PRC domestic companies or individuals, to obtain the approval of various
authorities, including the CSRC, prior to the listing and trading of such SPV’s
securities on an overseas stock exchange. On September 21, 2006, the CSRC
published procedures specifying documents and materials required to be submitted
to it by the SPVs seeking CSRC approval for their overseas listings. However,
the application of this PRC regulation remains unclear and there is currently no
consensus among PRC law firms regarding the scope and applicability of the CSRC
approval requirement.
In
accordance with the New M&A Regulations, a SPV is an offshore company
directly or indirectly controlled by a PRC domestic company or a PRC individual
for the purpose of realizing an offshore listing of the interests owned by
it/him in a PRC domestic company.
The PRC
legal counsel to the Company has advised that the Company is not considered to
be a SPV for the purposes of the New M&A Regulations as it is not directly
or indirectly controlled by PRC domestic companies or PRC individuals.
Accordingly, the New M&A Regulations are not applicable to the Company and
it is not necessary to obtain the CSRC approval for the Admission.
However,
if the CSRC or other PRC regulatory authorities subsequently determines that the
Company is required to obtain the CSRC’s written approval for the Admission, the
Company may face regulatory actions or other sanctions from the CSRC or other
PRC regulatory authorities. In such an event, these regulatory authorities may
impose fines and penalties on the Group’s operations in the PRC, limit its
operating privileges in the PRC, or take other actions that could have a
material adverse effect on the Group’s business, financial conditions, results
of operations, reputations and prospects, as well as on the trading price of the
Shares.
The New
M&A Regulations also established additional procedures and requirements that
could make merger and acquisition activities by foreign investors more
time-consuming and complex, including requirements in some instances that the
Ministry of Commerce (the “MOC”) be notified in advance of any change-of-control
transactions in which a foreign investor takes control of a PRC domestic
company. In the future, the Company may grow its business in part by acquiring
other businesses, although currently it does not have any plans to do so.
Complying with the requirements of the New M&A Regulations could be
time-consuming, and any required approval processes, including obtaining
approval from the MOC, may delay or inhibit the Company’s ability to complete
such transactions, which could affect its ability to expand its business or
maintain its market share.
PRC
regulations relating to the establishment of offshore special purpose companies
by PRC residents
The State
Administration of Foreign Exchange in the PRC (“SAFE”) issued a public notice in
October 2005 requiring PRC residents and non-PRC residents who habitually reside
in the PRC for economic reasons (the “PRC Residents”) to register with the local
SAFE branch before establishing or controlling any company outside of China for
the purpose of capital financing with assets or equities of PRC companies
(referred to in the SAFE notice as an “offshore special purpose company”). PRC
Residents that are shareholders of offshore special purpose companies
established before November 1, 2005 were required to register with the local
SAFE branch before March 31, 2006. According to an Administrative Measure
promulgated by SAFE in November 2006, any ongoing or subsequent foreign exchange
activity conducted by PRC individuals must be registered with the local SAFE
branch.
31
Pursuant
to the foregoing regulations, the failure of PRC resident shareholders to
register with the local SAFE branch on receiving foreign currency or making
investments with foreign currency, or to amend their SAFE registrations pursuant
to the SAFE notice, or the failure of future shareholders of the Company who are
PRC Residents to comply with the registration procedures set forth in the SAFE
notice, may subject such beneficial owners to fines and legal sanctions and may
also limit the Group’s ability to contribute additional capital into the Group’s
PRC subsidiaries, limit the ability of the Group’s PRC subsidiaries to
distribute dividends to the Company or otherwise adversely affect the
business.
The PRC
legal counsel to the Company has advised that the Company is an overseas company
established and controlled by foreign companies and foreign individuals and
hence, does not fall within the definition of “offshore special purpose company”
for the purposes of the SAFE notice. Accordingly, the aforesaid registration
requirements are not applicable to the Company and its PRC resident
shareholders. If SAFE or other PRC regulatory authorities subsequently
determines that SAFE registration is required for the establishment of the
Company, the Group may suffer in the manner described above.
Insurance
The
Company has taken out a basic asset insurance policy with China Continent
Property & Casualty Insurance Company Ltd. However, the Company does not
have business disruption insurance, as the Group has determined that the risks
of disruption and the cost of insurance are such that it does not required it at
this time. Any business disruption, litigation or natural disaster may result in
substantial costs and diversion of resources. Should any of these events occur
they may have a material adverse risk on the business and financial results of
the Company.
Industry
restrictions
Foreign
investment in the PRC is subject to industry-specific restrictions and/or
prohibitions set forth in a Catalogue Guiding Foreign Investment in Industry
(the “Catalogue”). Local governments in the PRC may maintain further
industry-specific restrictions or prohibitions. The Catalogue distinguishes
between different industries in terms of whether foreign investment is
“encouraged”, “restricted”, “prohibited” or “permitted” in such industries. The
different categories generally indicate the disposition of the MOC and other PRC
regulatory authorities to approve foreign investment in a given industry, as
well as having certain tax and other implications. Investments in the encouraged
and permitted categories are generally eligible for approval with relatively few
restrictions. Investment in the “restricted” category is often subject to
limitations on the amount of equity that a foreign investor can hold and to
other restrictions. Moreover, government approval of investments in the
“restricted” category is generally perceived to be harder to secure. Foreign
investment in the “prohibited” category is barred altogether. Such restrictions
on the nature and terms of the Company’s potential investments in the PRC may
limit the opportunities available to the Company in the PRC.
RISKS
RELATING TO THE SHARES
The
market price for our common stock may be volatile.
The
market price for our common stock is likely to be highly volatile and subject to
wide fluctuations in response to factors including the following:
-
|
actual
or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating
results,
|
-
|
announcements
of new products by us or our
competitors,
|
32
-
|
changes
in financial estimates by securities
analysts,
|
-
|
changes in
the economic performance or
market valuations of other companies
involved in the same industry,
|
-
|
announcements
by our competitors of significant acquisitions,
strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital
commitments,
|
-
|
additions
or departures of key personnel,
|
-
|
potential
litigation, or
|
-
|
conditions
in the market.
|
In
addition, the securities markets have from time to time experienced significant
price and volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance
of particular companies. These market fluctuations may also
materially and adversely affect the market price of our common
stock.
Shareholders
could experience substantial dilution.
We may
seek funding through the issuance of convertible notes and warrants, private
placements, convertible debentures and other issuances of our capital
stock. If we issue additional shares of our capital stock, our
shareholders will experience dilution in their respective percentage ownership
in the company.
We
have no present intention to pay dividends.
We have
never paid dividends or make other cash distributions on our common stock, and
we do not expect to declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. We
intend to retain any future earnings for working capital and to finance current
operations and expansion of our business.
A large portion of
our common stock is controlled by
a small number of shareholders.
A large
portion of our common stock is held by a small number of shareholders. As a
result, these shareholders are able to influence the outcome of shareholder
votes on various matters, including the election of directors and extraordinary
corporate transactions including business combinations. In addition, the
occurrence of sales of a large number of shares of our common stock, or the
perception that these sales could occur, may affect our stock price and could
impair our ability to obtain capital through an offering of equity securities.
Furthermore, the current ratios of ownership of our common stock reduce the
public float and liquidity of our common stock which can in turn affect the
market price of our common stock.
We
may be subject to "penny stock" regulations.
The
Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, has adopted rules that regulate
broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions in "penny stocks." Penny
stocks generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00 (other
than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on
the NASDAQ system, provided that current price and volume information with
respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or
system). Penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a
penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, to deliver a standardized
risk disclosure document prepared by the SEC, which specifies information about
penny stocks and the nature and significance of risks of the penny stock market.
A broker-dealer must also provide the customer with bid and offer quotations for
the penny stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer, and our sales person in
the transaction, and monthly account statements indicating the market value of
each penny stock held in the customer's account. In addition, the penny stock
rules require that, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt
from those rules, the broker-dealer must make a special written determination
that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the
purchaser's written agreement to the transaction. These disclosure requirements
may have the effect of reducing the trading activity in the secondary market for
stock that becomes subject to those penny stock rules. These additional sales
practice and disclosure requirements could impede the sale of our securities.
Whenever any of our securities become subject to the penny stock rules, holders
of those securities may have difficulty in selling those
securities.
33
The
Company is subject to the Republic of the Marshall Islands company
law
The
Company is a business company incorporated in the Republic of the Marshall
Islands on April 2, 2007 under the Business Corporations Act. There are a number
of differences between the corporate structures of the Company and that of a
public limited company incorporated in England under the Act.
The
Company cannot guarantee the accuracy of the forward-looking
statements
This
document contains forward-looking statements, including, without limitation,
statements containing the words “believe’’, “anticipate’’, “expect’’ and similar
expressions. Such forward-looking statements involve unknown risks,
uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, financial
condition, performance or achievements of the Company, or industry results
generally to be materially different from any future results, performance or
achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Given
these uncertainties, prospective investors are cautioned not to place any undue
reliance on such forward-looking statements. To the extent lawfully permitted,
the Company disclaims any obligations to update any such forward-looking
statements in this document to reflect future events or
developments.
MANAGEMENT'S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
The
following is a discussion and analysis of the results of operations of Changda
International Holdings Inc. (the "Company") and should be read in conjunction
with our financial statements and related notes contained in this Current
Report on Form 8-K/A. This Current Report on Form 8-K/A contains forward looking
statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You can identify these
statements by the use of forward-looking words such as "may", "will", "expect",
"anticipate", "estimate", "believe", "continue", or other similar words. You
should read statements that contain these words carefully because they discuss
our future expectations, contain projections of our future results of operation
or financial condition or state other "forward-looking" information. We believe
that it is important to communicate our future expectations to our investors.
However, there may be events in the future that we are unable to accurately
predict or control. Those events as well as any cautionary language in this
Current Report on Form 8-K/A provide examples of risks, uncertainties and events
that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations we
describe in our forward-looking statements. You should be aware that the
occurrence of the events described in this Current Report on Form 8-K/A could
have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial
condition. Actual results may differ materially from current expectations. Additional
information relating to the company, including our previous Report on Form 8-K,
can be found on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on EDGAR at
www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml.
Overview
We are,
through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Changda International Ltd. (“Changda
International”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries in the People’s Republic of
China (“PRC”), Weifang Changda Fertilizer Co., Ltd. and Weifang Changda Chemical
Co., Ltd., engaged in the fertilizer and chemical
businesses.
Weifang
Changda Fertilizer Co., Ltd. (“Changda Fertilizer”) and Weifang Changda Chemical
Co., Ltd. (“Changda Chemical”) are legally registered and operated enterprises
in PRC. Changda Fertilizer is a pioneer and supplier of advanced fertilizer in
PRC, while Changda Chemical is one of the biggest manufacturers and exporters of
environmentally friendly snow melting agent in PRC. Our industrial chemical
products include snow-melting agent, thiophene, flame retardant, calcium
chloride, and magnesium chloride.
Our
annual production capacities are:
Various fertilizers | 300,000 tons |
Snow melting agents | 250,000 tons |
Thiophene | 500 tons |
Flame retardant | 1,000 tons |
During
the year ended December 31, 2008, we produced a total of approximately 187,614
tons of various fertilizers, 31,824 tons of snow melting agent, 282 tons of
thiophene, and 36,999 tons of other chemical products, of which 189,434 tons,
32,924 tons, 308 tons, and 31,918 tons, respectively, were sold. The
sales value of various fertilizers, snow melting agents, thiophene, and other
chemical products amounted to approximately $72,857,138, $2,820,115, $2,130,322,
and $3,150,826, which accounted for approximately 90.0%, 3.5%, 2.6%, and 3.9%,
respectively, of our total sales revenue for the year ended December 31,
2008.
34
The
following table shows the breakdown of volume and sales amount by product
categories for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
Product
|
Sales
volume
(tons)
Year
ended
December
31, 2008
|
Sales
revenue
(US$
‘000)
Year
ended
December
31, 2008
|
Sales
volume
(tons)
Year
ended
December
31, 2007
|
Sales
revenue
(US$
‘000)
Year
ended
December
31, 2007
|
||||||||||||
Fertilizers
|
189,434 | 72,857 | 139,175 | 34,495 | ||||||||||||
Snow
Melting Agents
|
32,924 | 2,820 | 46,068 | 2,621 | ||||||||||||
Thiophene
|
308 | 2,130 | 60 | 458 | ||||||||||||
Other
Chemical Products
|
31,918 | 3,151 | 20,053 | 671 | ||||||||||||
Total
|
254,584 | 80,958 |
205,356
|
38,245 |
Our key
raw materials include potassium chloride, potassium sulphate, urea, ammonium
phosphate, and sulphur. Since the second half of 2007, we have seen marked
volatility in the prices of those raw materials, mostly due to the increasing
processing cost of the raw materials caused by higher international market price
of sulphur and non-renewable resources such as petroleum and coal. In 2008, with
the booming domestic demand for fertilizers in China, we experienced worsening
shortage and climbing price of potassium chloride. In order to
maintain a comparatively stable fertilizer price, the Chinese government
continually promulgated a number of supportive and preferential policies to
ensure fertilizer supply and to improve the purchasing power of farmers,
consequently ensuring the food safety in PRC. We believe these
government policies will help boost our fertilizer sales.
The
$586 billion government stimulus announced in November 2008 has sustained the
development of rural infrastructure and water supply projects in rural areas,
among other projects. Infrastructure construction, an important
pillar of China’s economic progress, will contribute to the growth of the
agriculture industry and the demand for our products. Two other major
factors that we envisage will promote the essential need for our fertilizers
are: 1) the increasing domestic consumption and export demand for China’s
agricultural products, and 2) the decreasing availability of arable farm
lands.
The
rapid economic growth in China over the past two decades has led to income
growth that elevated millions of consumers from poverty, resulting in dramatic
improvements of standards of living and diet diversification to more protein
based. As the world’s largest agricultural economy, China produces and consumes
a wide range of agricultural products, from traditional staple grains such as
wheat and rice, to more varieties of fruits, vegetables, livestock, poultry and
fish, as the demand by a wealthier domestic consumer base and export market
dictates. The use of our microbial organic and slow-release fertilizers are
essential to augment agricultural production to meet the food needs of a large
population with demand for high quality produce, vegetables and fruits that are
organic and pollution-free. Even the production of grain for feed given to
livestock utilizes fertilizers.
China’s agricultural production comes
almost entirely from small-scale operations. According to China’s 2007
agricultural census, the country has 200 million farm households and an
estimated 122 million hectares (494 million acres) of cultivated land—an average
of 0.6 hectare (1.5 acres) per household. These small land holdings are
typically divided into several parcels that are not adjacent to each
other. Industrial and urban growth further decreased the agricultural
land base. To coax production out of such small plots, farm
households engage in intensive agricultural practices, including high levels of
fertilizer application and raising two or three crops per year on a single
plot.
With the
growing global and domestic demand for pharmaceutical base product, we are
confident about the sales growth of our chemical products as well. We
have aligned ourselves with large corporate and government clients for the
distribution of these products. Our snow melting agent had gained a
10% market share in Japan. We are focused in increasing our product
variety and strengthening our presence in the market.
We
believe that research and development, quality control and production capacity
are key factors to maintaining and improving our competitive position and
enhance our long term growth potential. As a result, we continually place
emphasis on:
1. Research
and development of new products;
2. Product
quality control;
3. Improvement
of operating efficiency and employee competence;
4. Expansion
of production capacity;
5. Further
exposure to bigger markets and diversified customers.
35
Our newly
developed fertilizer product, microbial semi-organic slow release fertilizer,
has been tested by our customers and received a good response. Functional
fertilizer will be the emphasis in our future research and development
activities.
Our
company obtained its ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certifications in July 25, 2007. Our
qualified output rate of the products certified for ISO reached 100% compliance.
This helped us not only in increasing productivity, but also in acquiring a
growing number of loyal customers.
We adopt
multi-brand and multi-channel sales strategy and constantly strive to broaden
our customer base. We believe a broader customer base will mitigate the
potential operational risk for us. We also believe that a broad market for our
products can increase demand for our products, reduce the threat of negative
market changes, and provide additional opportunities for our
growth.
Results
of Operations
The
following table shows our operating results for the years ended December 31,
2008 and 2007 ($000).
2008
|
2007
|
|||||||
INCOME
|
||||||||
Operating
revenues
|
80,958 | 38,245 | ||||||
COST
OF SALES
|
||||||||
Cost
of sales
|
67,907 | 31,417 | ||||||
GROSS
PROFIT
|
13,051 | 6,828 | ||||||
OPERATING
EXPENSES
|
||||||||
Administrative
expenses
|
6,122 | 3,034 | ||||||
Financial
costs
|
449 | 176 | ||||||
Other
expenses (income)
|
(96 | ) | (135 | ) | ||||
Taxation
|
931 | - | ||||||
Total
Operating Expenses
|
7,406 | 3,075 | ||||||
NET
PROFIT
|
5,645 | 3,753 | ||||||
EARNINGS
PER BASIC AND DILUTED
|
||||||||
COMMON
SHARE ($)
|
0.11 | 0.07 | ||||||
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE NUMBER OF
|
||||||||
COMMON
SHARES OUTSTANDING (BASIC AND DILUTED)
|
53,599,964 | 53,599,964 |
Operating
Revenues
Revenues
for the year ended December 31, 2008 of approximately $80,958,000 compared to
the net sales of approximately $38,245,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007
represents an increase of approximately $42,713,000 or 111.68%. The substantial
increase in sales revenue was basically due to the boost in production resulting
from the expansion of the plant facilities.
Cost of
Sales
Cost of
sales for the year ended December 31, 2008 amounted to approximately
$67,907,000, representing approximately 83.88% of net sales. Cost of
sales for the corresponding period in 2007 amounted to approximately
$31,417,000, representing approximately 82.15% of net sales. The
increase in the percentage of cost of sales in relation to net sales by
approximately 1.73% resulted from the increase in raw material price,
specifically the cost of potassium chloride.
Gross
Profit
Total
gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2008 amounted to approximately
$13,051,000, representing approximately 16.12% of net sales. Gross profit for
the corresponding period in 2007 amounted to approximately $6,828,000,
representing approximately 17.85% of net sales. The decrease in the percentage
gross profit percentage by approximately 1.73% resulted from the increase in raw
material price, specifically the cost of potassium chloride.
36
Operating
Expenses
Operating
expenses consist primarily of transportation expenses, commission, promotion and
advertising expenses, freight charges and general and administrative expenses.
Operating expenses amounted to approximately $6,122,000, or approximately 7.56%
of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to approximately
$3,034,000, or approximately 7.93 % of net sales for the year ended December 31,
2007.
Income
Taxes
The PRC
Subsidiaries having been wholly owned foreign subsidiaries of CIHI are subject
to effective tax rates of 15% for the year ended December 31, 2008, as a result
of tax grants by the local government for economic development. The income tax
paid was approximately $931,000. No income tax was paid for the year
ended December 31, 2007.
Net
Income
Our net
income was approximately $5,645,000, representing approximately 6.97% of net
sales for the year ended December 31, 2008, compared to approximately
$3,753,000, representing approximately 9.81% of net sales for the year ended
December 31, 2007. The decrease in net income was mainly attributed to the
increases in cost of sales, interest expense, and income tax paid for
2008.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Operating
Activities
Net cash
provided by operating activities for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007
were approximately $1,889,000 and $4,046,000, respectively, or a decrease of
approximately $2,157,000. The decrease was mainly due to increase in
inventories and receivables.
Investing
Activities
Net cash
used for investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007
were approximately $2,901,000, and $9,326,000, respectively, or a decrease of
approximately $6,425,000. The decrease was primarily due to the decline in new
investments in property, plant and equipment.
Financing
Activities
Net cash
provided by financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007
were approximately $544,000 and $5,494,000, respectively, or a decrease of
approximately $4,950,000. The proceeds of the 2008 long-term
borrowing of approximately $ 7,845,000 was offset by payments of short-term
borrowings amounting to approximately $7,266,000, resulting in reduced cash
inflow compared to 2007. Further, in 2008 there was no increase in
paid-in capital, unlike the increase of approximately $3,148,000 that occurred
in 2007.
Future
cash commitments
In order
to improve our performance and competitiveness, we are constructing our Heze
fertilizer plant and are preparing to rebuild our second chemical plant. We have
already invested a total of $4,000,000 into our Heze plant. However, an
additional $19,700,000 for construction is expected to be incurred and
$11,500,000 for matching working capital will be required. These amounts will be
financed primarily through self-financing and fund raising from third party
lenders or investors.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management's
discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations are
based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in
accordance generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of
America. Our financial statements reflect the selection application of
accounting policies which require management to make significant estimates and
judgments.
We have
disclosed in the notes to our financial statements those accounting policies
that we consider to be significant in determining our results of operations and
our financial position which we are incorporating by reference herein. We
believe that the following reflect the more critical accounting policies that
currently affect our financial condition and results of
operations.
Use of
Estimates
The
preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with USGAAP
requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reported periods. The management evaluates
these estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis and bases their estimates on
experience, current and expected future conditions, third-party evaluations and
various other assumptions that they believe are reasonable under the
circumstances. The results of these estimates form the basis for making
judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities as well as
identifying and assessing the accounting treatment with respect to commitments
and contingencies.
Actual
amounts could differ from those estimates. Estimates are used for, but not
limited to, the accounting for certain items such as allowance for doubtful
accounts, depreciation and amortization, inventory allowance, taxes and
contingencies.
37
Recognition of
Revenue
Revenue
is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the
Group and when the revenue and costs, if applicable, can be measured reliably
and on the following basis.
Sale of
goods is recognized on transfer of risks and rewards of ownership, which
generally coincides with the time when the goods are delivered to customers and
the title is passed.
Accounts
Receivable
Accounts
receivables are stated based on the amounts invoiced to customers. We review our
accounts receivable on a regular basis and a provision for bad debts is
determined and recorded in the accounts based on age analysis of the
balances.
A
valuation allowance for amounts anticipated to be uncollected is recorded as
needed. A considerable amount of judgement is required in assessing
the ultimate realization of these receivables, including the current
creditworthiness and the past collection history of each debtor. If
the financial conditions of these debtors were to deteriorate, resulting in an
impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowance will be
required.
Property, plant and
equipment
Property,
plant and equipment, other than construction in progress, are stated at cost
less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment
losses.
The cost
of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price and any
directly attributable costs of brining the asset to its working condition and
location for its intended use. Repairs and maintenance are charged to
the income statement during the period in which they are
incurred.
Depreciation
is provided to write off the cost less accumulated impairment losses of
property, plant and equipment, other than construction in progress, over their
estimated useful lives from the date on which they are available for use and
after taking into account of their estimated residual values, using the
straight-line method. Where parts of an item of property, plant and
equipment have different useful lives, the cost or valuation of the item is
allocated on a reasonable basis and depreciated separately.
Foreign currency
translation
Items
included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are measured using
the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Group operates
(“functional currency”).
Foreign
currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the
exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign currency
transaction gains and losses are recognized in current operations, whilst
translation adjustments are recognized in other comprehensive income, which in a
separate component of stockholders’ equity.
The
presentational currency is the United States Dollars.
38
Off Balance Sheet
Arrangements
The
Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are
reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on the Company's financial
condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of
operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are
material to investors.
Management
Charles Frans Victor Brock
, Chairman and Director (age
42)
Mr. Brock
has over 20 years of experience in investment management and corporate finance,
specializing in the Asian region. Mr. Brock most recently served as a director
in the corporate finance department of Insinger de Beaufort, helping to develop
the Chinese/Asian side of business. Before joining Insinger, he was Head of
Pacific Equities at F&C Management Limited and Director of F&C Emerging
Markets Ltd. Mr. Brock is a member of the CFA Institute and the UK Society of
Investment Professionals. He graduated from York University with a BA(Hons) in
Economics and Politics and obtained an M.Sc. in Development Studies from The
School of Oriental and African Studies.
Leodegario Quinto Camacho
, Chief Financial Officer and
Director (age 56)
Mr.
Camacho has over 34 years of experience as a financial controller in both public
and private companies in the United States and the Philippines. As a
professional Certified Public Accountant for 33 years, he is a member of the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey Society of
Certified Public Accountants and Association of Filipino-American Accountants.
Mr. Camacho is currently serving in a CPA firm Camacho & Camacho LLP in New
Jersey.
Qing Ran Zhu , Chief Executive Officer and
Executive Director (age 47)
Mr. Zhu
has over 20 years of experience working in the sales and marketing of feed
products in the PRC agricultural industry. Before co-founding Changda Fertilizer
and Changda Chemical, Mr. Zhu was the Vice General Manager of Weifang Legang
Food Company and obtained extensive knowledge about food production, and
consequently food and health regulations in the domestic market. Mr. Zhu
graduated from Weifang Vocational College with a Bachelor’s degree in Economics
Administration.
Hua Ran Zhu , Executive Director (age
54)
Mr. Zhu
has over 20 years of experience working in the chemical industry. Before
co-founding Changda Fertilizer and Changda Chemical, Mr. Zhu was in charge of
the production workshop and machinery safety department in Shandong Haihua
Group, thereby building years of expertise and experience in the production and
safety of chemical products. Mr. Zhu graduated from the University of Shandong
Government Official Distance-Learning.
Carsten Aschoff , Director (age
38)
Mr.
Aschoff has over 10 years’ management experience with various technology
companies in both Germany and the PRC. Mr. Aschoff is currently the director of
Siger Trading Ltd and Siger Technologies GmbH in Germany since March 2006 and
August 2006 respectively. From July 2005 to March 2006, Mr.Aschoff was involved
in freelance consulting work in the PRC. Between 2002 and June 2005, Mr. Aschoff
was the general manager for Shandong Linuo Paradigma Co. Ltd. in Jinan, China.
He was responsible for business development, production and distribution of
solar thermal systems. From 1998 to 2003, Mr. Aschoff was the lecturer at the
University of Applied Science HFT in Stuttgart, Faculty of Architecture –
“technical development” and “sustainable building”. Between 1996 and 2001, Mr.
Aschoff was working in the product management in Paradigma Energie-und
Umwelttechnik GmbH & Co. KG, Karlsbad, Germany.
39
Jan Pannemann , Director (age
34)
Mr.
Pannemann has six years of experience as a project manager and independent
business advisor in the City of London. Mr. Pannemann is also a co-founder of
Qingdao China Partners Investment Advisory, a PRC centric strategic management
advisory company, which was successfully merged in 2007 with now PLUS Markets
quoted Geo Genesis Group Ltd. Mr Pannemann currently lives and works in the
PRC.
Neither
Mr. Brock, Mr. Camacho, Mr. Qing Ran Zhu, Mr. Hua Ran Zhu, Mr. Aschoff, nor Mr.
Pannemann have been involved in any of the following proceeding during the past
five years:
1.
|
any
bankruptcy petition filed by or against any business of which such person
was a general partner or executive officer either at the time of the
bankruptcy or within two years prior to that
time;
|
2.
|
any
conviction in a criminal proceeding or being subject to a pending criminal
proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor
offenses);
|
3.
|
being
subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed,
suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently
or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his
involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities;
or
|
4.
|
being
found by a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the SEC or
the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or
state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been
reversed, suspended or vacated.
|
40
Description
of Securities
Common
Stock
Our
authorized capital stock consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001
par value per share. The holders of our common stock:
·
|
have
equal ratable rights to dividends from funds legally available if and when
declared by our board of directors;
|
·
|
are
entitled to share ratably in all of our assets available for distribution
to holders of common stock upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of
our affairs;
|
·
|
do
not have preemptive, subscription or conversion rights and there are no
redemption or sinking fund provisions or rights; and
|
·
|
are
entitled to one non-cumulative vote per share on all matters on which
stockholders may vote.
|
All
shares of common stock now outstanding are fully paid for and
non-assessable. We refer you to our Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws
and the applicable statutes of the state of Nevada for a more complete
description of the rights and liabilities of holders of our
securities.
Non-cumulative
voting
Holders
of shares of our common stock do not have cumulative voting rights, which means
that the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares, voting for the
election of directors, can elect all of the directors to be elected, if they so
choose, and, in that event, the holders of the remaining shares will not be able
to elect any of our directors.
As of
February 13, 2009, immediately prior to consummation of the Share Exchange
Agreement, a total of 8,800,000 shares of common stock were issued and
outstanding.
Market
for Common Stock and Related Shareholder Matters
Our
common stock is quoted on Over the Counter Bulletin Board (“OTCBB”) under the
symbol CIHI. As of February 16, 2009 the market price of our stock
was as follows: a bid price of $1.20 and no ask price.
Penny Stock
Regulations
The SEC
has adopted regulations which generally define "penny stock" to be an equity
security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share. Our Common Stock,
when and if a trading market develops, may fall within the definition of penny
stock and be subject to rules that impose additional sales practice requirements
on broker-dealers who sell such securities to persons other than established
customers and accredited investors (generally those with assets in excess of
$1,000,000, or annual incomes exceeding $200,000 individually, or $300,000,
together with their spouse).
41
For
transactions covered by these rules, the broker-dealer must make a special
suitability determination for the purchase of such securities and have received
the purchaser's prior written consent to the transaction. Additionally, for any
transaction, other than exempt transactions, involving a penny stock, the rules
require the delivery, prior to the transaction, of a risk disclosure document
mandated by the Commission relating to the penny stock market. The broker-dealer
also must disclose the commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the
registered representative, current quotations for the securities and, if the
broker-dealer is the sole market-maker, the broker-dealer must disclose this
fact and the broker-dealer's presumed control over the market. Finally, monthly
statements must be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock
held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stocks.
Consequently, the "penny stock" rules may restrict the ability of broker-dealers
to sell our Common Stock and may affect the ability of investors to sell their
Common Stock in the secondary market.
Transfer
Agent
Our stock
transfer agent for our securities is:
Island
Stock Transfer
100
Second Avenue South, Suite 104N,
St.
Petersburg, Florida
Telephone:
727-289-0010.
Indemnification
of Directors and Officers
Under our
Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of the corporation, we may indemnify an
officer or director who is made a party to any proceeding, including a law suit,
because of his position, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably
believed to be in our best interest. We may advance expenses incurred in
defending a proceeding. To the extent that the office or director is successful
on the merits in a proceeding as to which he is to be indemnified, we must
indemnify him against all expenses incurred, including attorney's fees. With
respect to a derivative action, indemnity may be made only for expenses actually
and reasonably incurred in defending the proceeding, and if the officer or
director is judged liable, only by a court order. The indemnification is
intended to be to the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the State of
Nevada.
Regarding
indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, which
may be permitted to directors or officers under Nevada law, we are informed
that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, indemnification
is against public policy, as expressed in the Act and is, therefore,
unenforceable.
WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have
filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), located on
100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Quarterly
Reports on form 10-Q, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, and other reports, statements
and information as required under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended.
42
The
reports, statements and other information that we have filed with the SEC may be
read and copied at the Commission's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street NE,
Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of
the Public Reference Room by calling the Commission at
1-800-SEC-0330.
The SEC
maintains a web site (HTTP://WWW.SEC.GOV.) that contains the registration
statements, reports, proxy and information statements and other information
regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC such as us. You may
access our SEC filings electronically at this SEC website. These SEC filings are
also available to the public from commercial document retrieval
services.
Item
3.02 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
As stated
in Item 1.01, on February 13, 2009, the Company entered into the Share Exchange
Agreement under which the Company issued Forty Seven Million Seven
Hundred Twenty Nine Thousand Nine Hundred Sixty Four (47,729,964) shares of its
common stock, par value $ 0.001 per share, to the shareholders
of Changda International, Ltd in exchange for 100% of the issued and
outstanding capital stock of Changda. As a result of the Share
Exchange Agreement, Changda became a wholly owned subsidiary of
Registrant.
Item
5.03 Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal
Year
On
February 19, 2009, a change in Registrant’s name from Promodoeswork.com, Inc. to
Changda International Holdings, Inc. became effective. The name
change, which was approved by the Board of Directors of the Company by unanimous
consent, more closely describes the Registrant’s business than the Company’s
former name. The Articles of Incorporation have
been amended to reflect Registrant’s name change.
Item
5.06 Change in Shell Company Status
As a
result of our acquisition of all of the outstanding capital stock of Changda
International as described in Item 1.01, which description is in its entirety
incorporated by reference in this Item 5.06 of this Current Report, we ceased
being a shell company as such term is defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange
Act.
Item
8.01 Other Events
Change of Business
Activities
Effective
February 13, 2009 we ceased the business of selling promotional
apparel. Registrant is now engaged in the business of Agricultural
Chemicals.
Change of Principal Place of
Business
Effective
February 13, 2009, the address of our principal place of business
is:
10 th
Floor Chenhong Building No. 301, East Dong Feng Street, Weifang, People’s
Republic of China.
Telephone
number of the new principal place of business: 86 1586 311 1662.
43
Item
9.01 Financial Statement and Exhibits.
(a) Financial
Statements of Businesses Acquired.
The
audited financial statements of Changda International Limited are filed with
this Current Report on Form 8-K/A as Exhibits 99.1.
(d) Exhibits.
Exhibit 10.1
|
Share
Exchange Agreement, dated February 13, 2009, between Company
and Changda International Limited ( filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 20, 2009 and incorporated herein
by reference)
|
Exhibit 99.1
|
Audited
consolidated financial statements of Changda
International Limited for the two years ended December 31, 2007
and 2008
|
44
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto
duly authorized.
December
9, 2009
|
CHANGDA
INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC.
|
|
/s/
QingRan Zhu
|
||
QingRan
Zhu
|
||
Chief
Executive Officer
|