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EX-32.1 - CERTIFICATION - Mosaic ImmunoEngineering Inc.patriot_10q-ex3201.htm
EX-23.1 - CONSENT - Mosaic ImmunoEngineering Inc.patriot_10q-ex2301.htm
EX-31.1 - CERTIFICATION - Mosaic ImmunoEngineering Inc.patriot_10q-ex3101.htm
EX-23.2 - CONSENT - Mosaic ImmunoEngineering Inc.patriot_10q-ex2302.htm
EX-31.2 - CERTIFICATION - Mosaic ImmunoEngineering Inc.patriot_10q-ex3102.htm



STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)
 
[X]
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended August 31, 2009
 
OR
 
[_]
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to _______________
 
Commission File Number 0-22182
 
PATRIOT SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
84-1070278
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

6183 Paseo Del Norte, Suite 180, Carlsbad, California
(Address of principal executive offices)
92011
(Zip Code)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code): (760) 547-2700

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X ] NO [_]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES [_]  NO [_]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer [_]
Accelerated filer [X]
Non-accelerated filer [_] (do not check if smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company [_]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes [_]  No [X]
 
On October 7, 2009, 410,304,054 shares of common stock, par value $.00001 per share were outstanding.
 
 
 
 

 

INDEX


 
 
 
Page      
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
   
ITEM 1. Financial Statements
 
Condensed consolidated Balance Sheets as of August 31, 2009 (unaudited) and May 31, 2009
3
Condensed consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and August 31, 2008 (unaudited)
4
Condensed consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and August 31, 2008 (unaudited)
5
Notes to condensed consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
6-36
   
ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
37-50
   
ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
50-51
   
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures
51
 
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
   
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings
52
   
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors
52
   
ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
52-53
   
ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
53
   
ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
53
   
ITEM 5. Other Information
53
   
ITEM 6. Exhibits
53-54
   
SIGNATURES
 

2



PART I- FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

   
August 31, 2009
   
May 31, 2009
 
ASSETS
 
(Unaudited)
       
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 8,203,033     $ 6,206,868  
Restricted cash and cash equivalents
    52,230       52,163  
Marketable securities
    20,746       58,292  
Accounts receivable
    125,048       168,402  
Accounts receivable - affiliated company
    3,345       5,467  
Notes receivable
    503,444       447,810  
Work-in-process
    89,065       27,279  
Prepaid income taxes
    427,342       506,526  
Current portion of deferred tax assets
    131,314       285,472  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    279,462       306,457  
Total current assets
    9,835,029        8,064,736  
                 
Marketable securities
    10,013,212       10,598,389  
Property and equipment, net
    137,056       85,475  
Goodwill
    1,739,249       1,739,249  
Other intangible assets, net
    5,596,951       5,803,639  
Deferred tax assets, net of current portion
    4,332,474       2,843,677  
Other assets
    42,170       51,507  
Investments in affiliated companies
    868,515       4,540,280  
Total assets
  $ 32,564,656     $ 33,726,952  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 234,900     $ 414,843  
Accrued expenses and other
    538,375       593,330  
Deferred revenue
    24,074       26,311  
Total current liabilities
    797,349       1,034,484  
                 
Distributions in excess of  investment in affiliated company
    907,412       -  
Long term debt, including accrued interest
    3,062,217       3,041,577  
Total long term liabilities
    3,969,629       3,041,577  
Total liabilities
    4,766,978       4,076,061  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
                 
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Preferred stock, $0.00001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized: none outstanding
    -       -  
Common stock, $0.00001 par value: 600,000,000 shares authorized: 438,067,618 shares issued and 410,304,054 shares outstanding at August 31, 2009 438,067,618 shares issued and 410,354,054 shares outstanding at May 31, 2009
    4,380       4,380  
Additional paid-in capital
     77,046,544       77,008,332  
Accumulated deficit
    (34,866,927 )     (32,881,848 )
Common stock held in treasury, at cost – 27,763,564 shares and 27,713,564 shares at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009,  respectively
     (13,856,172 )     (13,850,659 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (530,147 )     (629,314 )
Total stockholders’ equity
    27,797,678       29,650,891  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 32,564,656     $ 33,726,952  
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
3


  Patriot Scientific Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)

   
Three months ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Revenues:
           
Product sales and other
  $ -     $ 1,358,646  
License and service revenue
    97,035       -  
Total revenues
    97,035       1,358,646  
                 
Cost of sales:
               
Product sales and other
    -       584,253  
License and service revenue
    31,983       -  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    206,688       -  
Total cost of sales
    238,671       584,253  
Gross profit (loss)
    (141,636 )     774,393  
                 
Operating expenses:
               
Research and development
    314,197       -  
Selling, general and administrative
    1,927,795       1,930,805  
Total operating expenses
    2,241,992       1,930,805  
Operating loss
    (2,383,628 )     (1,156,412 )
Other income (expense):
               
Interest and other income
    42,928       112,846  
Impairment of investment in affiliated company
    (680,292 )     -  
Interest expense
    (20,640 )     (4,622 )
Equity in earnings (loss) of affiliated companies
    (264,558 )     6,558,770  
Total other income (expense), net
    (922,562 )     6,666,994  
                 
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest
    (3,306,190 )     5,510,582  
                 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    (1,321,111 )     2,379,705  
                 
Minority interest
    -       (78,636 )
                 
Net income (loss)
  $ (1,985,079 )   $ 3,209,513  
                 
Basic income (loss) per common share
  $ -     $ 0.01  
                 
Diluted income (loss) per common share
  $ -     $ 0.01  
                 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic
    407,484,967       388,132,502  
                 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted
    407,484,967       388,650,596  

  See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
4

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
   
Three months ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
             
Operating activities:
           
Net income (loss)
  $ (1,985,079 )   $ 3,209,513  
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
               
Minority interest in variable interest entity
    -       (78,636 )
Amortization and depreciation
    222,402       9,887  
Non-cash compensation relating to issuance of stock options and vesting of  warrants
    38,212       114,875  
Accrued interest income added to investments and notes receivable
    (701 )     (7,389 )
Equity in loss (earnings) of affiliated companies
    264,558       (6,558,770 )
Impairment of investment in affiliated company
    680,292       -  
Write-off of patent costs
    -       21,527  
Deferred income taxes
    (1,400,295 )     (1,605,545 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivable
    43,354       254,877  
Receivable from affiliated company
    2,122       721  
Inventory
    -       (353,743 )
Work-in-process
    (61,786 )     -  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    36,332       (1,243 )
Prepaid income taxes
    79,184       222,311  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (214,259 )     37,308  
Deferred revenue
    (2,237 )     -  
Income taxes payable
    -       3,749,353  
Net cash used in operating activities
    (2,297,901 )     (984,954 )
                 
Investing activities:
               
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities
    787,546       278,856  
Purchases of short-term investments
    -       (70,286 )
Purchases of property and equipment
    (67,295 )     (2,736 )
Repayment of note receivable
    -       50,000  
Purchases of convertible notes receivable
    -       (667,750 )
Issuance of note receivable
    (55,000 )     -  
Investments in affiliated companies
    (32,500 )     (1,546,500 )
Distributions from affiliated company
    3,666,828       5,852,056  
Net cash provided by investing activities
    4,299,579       3,893,640  
                 
Financing activities:
               
Payments on note payable
    -       (70,296 )
Repurchase of common stock for treasury
    (5,513 )     (504,771 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (5,513 )     (575,067 )
                 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    1,996,165       2,333,619  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    6,206,868       6,424,015  
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 8,203,033     $ 8,757,634  
                 
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
               
Cash payments for interest
  $ -     $ 4,622  
Cash payments for income taxes
  $ -     $ 25,500  
                 
Supplemental Disclosure of  Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
               
Conversion of note receivable to preferred stock – Avot Media, Inc.
  $ -     $ 250,000  
Insurance premium financed with a note payable
  $ -     $ 210,888  
Unrealized loss (recovery) on investments in marketable securities charged to other comprehensive income adjusted for deferred tax benefit
  $ (164,823 )   $ 149,699  
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
5

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1.  Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Patriot Scientific Corporation (the “Company”, “PTSC”, “Patriot”, “we”, “us” or “our”) presented herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended May 31, 2009.

In the opinion of management, the interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim period presented.  Operating results for the three month period ended August 31, 2009 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending May 31, 2010.  We have evaluated subsequent events through October 9, 2009, the filing date of this Form 10-Q, and determined that no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition in the condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the notes thereto other than as disclosed in the accompanying notes.

Basis of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated balance sheets at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009 and the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2009 include our accounts and those of our wholly owned subsidiary Patriot Data Solutions Group, Inc. (“PDSG”) and our inactive subsidiary Plasma Scientific Corporation.  All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

The condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2008 includes our accounts and those of our majority owned inactive subsidiaries, Metacomp, Inc. and Plasma Scientific Corporation and all variable interest entities (“VIE”s) for which we were the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Consolidation of Affiliate

In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Interpretation 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51 (“FIN 46”). In December 2003, the FASB modified FIN 46 (“FIN 46(R)”). FIN 46(R) provides a new framework for identifying VIEs and determining when a company should include the assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests and results of activities of a VIE in its consolidated financial statements.

A VIE is a corporation, partnership, limited liability corporation, trust or any other legal structure used to conduct activities or hold assets that either (1) has an insufficient amount of equity to carry out its principal activities without additional subordinated financial support, (2) has a group of equity owners that are unable to make significant decisions about its activities, or (3) has a group of equity owners that do not have the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive returns generated by its operations.

FIN 46 requires a VIE to be consolidated if a party with an ownership, contractual or other financial interest in the VIE is obligated to absorb a majority of the risk of loss from the VIE’s activities, is entitled to receive a majority of the VIE’s residual returns (if no party absorbs a majority of the VIE’s losses), or both. A variable interest holder that consolidates the VIE is called the primary beneficiary. Upon consolidation, the primary beneficiary generally must initially record all of the VIE’s assets, liabilities, and noncontrolling interests at fair value and subsequently account for the VIE as if it were consolidated based on majority voting interest.

 
6

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Consolidation of Affiliate (continued)

FIN 46 was effective immediately for VIEs created after January 31, 2003. The provisions of FIN 46(R), were adopted as of December 31, 2003, for our interests in all VIEs. Beginning with the quarter ended May 31, 2007, we consolidated Holocom, Inc. (formerly known as Scripps Secured Data, Inc.) (“Holocom”) as Holocom was deemed a VIE and we determined that we were the primary beneficiary of Holocom.  During July 2008, Holocom obtained a credit facility for up to $300,000 from a third party, the credit facility term extended to May 1, 2009, and was guaranteed by us.  As a result of our guarantee on the third party credit facility, we maintained a variable interest in Holocom.  Upon expiration of the credit facility on May 1, 2009 we deconsolidated Holocom as we are no longer deemed to be the primary beneficiary.  We are now recording our investment in Holocom under the cost method (see Note 11).

Investments in Marketable Securities

We account for our investments in marketable securities in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, and FASB Staff Positions (“FSP”) SFAS No. 115-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments and SFAS 115-2 and SFAS 124-2 Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments.  We determine the appropriate classification of our investments at the time of purchase and reevaluate such designation at each balance sheet date.  Our investments in marketable securities have been classified and accounted for as available-for-sale based on management’s investment intentions relating to these securities.  Available-for-sale marketable securities are stated at market value based on valuation by Houlihan Smith & Company, Inc.  Unrealized gains and losses, net of deferred taxes, are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income (loss).  We follow the guidance provided by SFAS 115-2 and SFAS 124-2, to assess whether our investments with unrealized loss positions are other than temporarily impaired.  Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other than temporary are determined based on the specific identification method and are reported in other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Investments in Affiliated Companies

We have a 50% interest in Phoenix Digital Solutions, LLC (“PDS”) (see Note 11). This investment is accounted for using the equity method of accounting since the investment provides us the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee. Significant influence is generally deemed to exist if we have an ownership interest in the voting stock of the investee of between 20% and 50%, although other factors, such as representation on the investee’s board of directors, are considered in determining whether the equity method of accounting is appropriate. Under the equity method of accounting, the investment, originally recorded at cost, is adjusted to recognize our share of net earnings or losses of the investee and is recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations in the caption “Equity in earnings (loss) of affiliated companies.”

We have a 39.4% interest in Talis Data Systems, LLC (“Talis”) (see Note 11).  Prior to the write down of our investment in Talis we were accounting for our investment using the equity method of accounting pursuant to paragraph 8 of AICPA Statement of Position (“SOP”) 78-9, Accounting for Investments in Real Estate Ventures which has applicability to non-real estate entities as well.  Under the equity method of accounting, the investment, originally recorded at cost, is adjusted to recognize our share of net earnings or losses of the investee and is recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations in the caption “Equity in earnings (loss) of affiliated companies.”


 
7

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Investments in Affiliated Companies (continued)

We own 37.1% of the preferred stock of Avot Media, Inc. (“Avot”) (see Note 11).  This investment is accounted for at cost since we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of Avot.

We own 100% of the preferred stock of Holocom.  This investment has historically been accounted for at cost since we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of Holocom. Due to a re-consideration event on May 1, 2009, this investment is carried at cost plus the effects of deconsolidation of this variable interest entity on our August 31, 2009 condensed consolidated balance sheet.

We review our investments in these affiliated companies to determine whether events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The primary factors we consider in our determination are the financial condition, operating performance and near term prospects of the investees. If the decline in value is deemed to be other than temporary, we would recognize an impairment loss.

The inability of Talis to meet its business plan and to raise capital and the general economic environment were indicators of impairment on our investment; accordingly at August 31, 2009, management obtained a third party valuation of Talis from Vantage Point Advisors, Inc.  Based on the results of the valuation, it was determined that our investment in Talis was impaired by approximately $680,000.  We have recorded this as an impairment of investment in affiliated company on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2009.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses which are excluded from the condensed consolidated statements of operations in accordance with SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income.  For the three months ended August 31, 2009, this amount included unrealized losses on investments classified as available-for-sale.  The amount is presented net of tax-related benefits of $65,656.

Revenue Recognition

Historically we recognized revenue from the sale of our microprocessor chips upon shipment to the customer, at which time title transferred and we had no further obligations.  We discontinued the sale of our microprocessor chips during the first fiscal quarter of fiscal 2009. Revenue from technology license agreements is recognized at the time a contract is entered into, the license method is determined (paid-in-advance or on-going royalty), and the customer is provided with the licensed technology, if applicable.  Fees for maintenance or support are recorded on a straight-line basis over the underlying period of performance.

PDSG sells software and services to end users primarily through relationships with systems integrators and prime contractors.  PDSG recognizes revenue in accordance with American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) Statement of Position (“SOP”) No. 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, and all related amendments and interpretations.  PDSG’s revenue is derived primarily from the following sources: (i) software licensing, (ii) related professional services, and (iii) post contract customer support (“PCS”) agreements.  PCS agreements typically include software updates, on a when and if available basis, telephone and Internet access to technical support personnel. Software updates provide customers with rights to unspecified software product upgrades and to maintenance releases and patches released during the term of the support period. Revenue for support services is recognized on a straight-line basis over the support period.


 
8

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Revenue Recognition (continued)

When a sale involves multiple elements, PDSG allocates the entire fee from the arrangement to each respective element based on its Vendor Specific Objective Evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value and recognizes revenue when each element’s revenue recognition criteria are met. VSOE of fair value for each element is established based on the price charged when the same element is sold separately.  PDSG has not yet demonstrated VSOE for the professional services that are rendered in conjunction with its software license sales.  Accordingly, we have combined their presentation on our condensed consolidated statements of operations under the caption “License and service revenue.”  

The majority of PDSG’s contracts with customers, including systems integrators and prime contractors, are multiple element arrangements which contain professional services that are considered essential to the functionality of the other elements of the arrangement.  PDSG accounts for revenue on these arrangements according to the provisions of SOP 81-1, Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts. Under SOP 81-1, PDSG recognizes revenue based on progress towards contract completion measured by actual hours incurred in relation to the estimate of total expected hours. PDSG measures SOP 81-1 revenues by applying the contract-specific estimated percentage of completion to the total contract amount for software and professional services.  PDSG routinely updates the estimates of future hours for agreements in process and reports any cumulative effects of such adjustments in current operations. PDSG immediately recognizes any loss expected on these contracts when it is projected that loss is probable.

In certain situations where PDSG’s customer contracts contain acceptance criteria or other conditions that are deemed adverse to the probability for collection, revenues recognized are limited by the amount of cash already collected.

Prior to its deconsolidation, Holocom recognized revenue upon shipment of its product or upon receipt of its product by the customer when shipped FOB destination and recognized revenue on its short-term installation contracts as time and materials costs were incurred.

Holocom maintained agreements with stocking distributors. These agreements provided for a limited product warranty for a period of one year from the date of sale to the end user. The warranty did not cover damage to the product after it was delivered to the distributor. Holocom’s stocking distributor agreements also allowed limited rights to periodic stock rotation.  These rotation rights allowed for the exchange of a percentage of distributor inventory for replacement products of the distributor’s choosing.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and primarily include payroll and related benefit costs and contractor fees.

Shipping and Handling

EITF Issue No. 00-10, Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs, requires shipping and handling fees billed to customers to be classified as revenue and shipping and handling costs to be classified as either cost of sales or disclosed in the notes to the financial statements. Holocom included shipping and handling fees billed to customers in net sales. Shipping and handling costs associated with inbound freight and unreimbursed shipping to customers were included in cost of sales.


 
9

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

We apply SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share, for the calculation of "Basic" and "Diluted" earnings (loss) per share. Basic earnings (loss) per share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings (loss) of an entity.  For the three months ended August 31, 2009, all potential common shares related to our outstanding warrants and options totaling approximately 10,760,000 shares were not included in the calculation of diluted loss per share as they had an anti-dilutive effect.  For the three months ended August 31, 2008, approximately 7,260,000 potentially dilutive common shares related to our outstanding warrants and options were not included in the calculation of diluted income per share as they had an anti-dilutive effect.

In connection with our acquisition of Crossflo Systems, Inc. (“Crossflo”), which is now a part of PDSG, we issued escrow shares that are contingent upon certain representations and warranties made by Crossflo at the time of the merger agreement (see Note 15).  In accordance with SFAS No. 128, we exclude these escrow shares from the basic earnings (loss) per share calculations and include the escrowed shares in the diluted earnings per share calculations.

 
Three Months Ended August 31, 2008
 
   
Numerator
 (Income)
   
Denominator (Shares)
   
Per Share
Amount
 
Basic EPS:
                 
Net income
  $ 3,209,513       388,132,502     $ 0.01  
Diluted EPS:
                       
Effect of dilutive securities:
                 
Options and warrants
    -       518,094          
Income available to common shareholders
  $  3,209,513         388,650,596     $  0.01  

Minority Interest

Minority interest in our condensed consolidated financial statements resulted from the accounting for the acquisition of a noncontrolling interest in Holocom. Noncontrolling interest represents a partially owned subsidiary’s income, losses, and components of other comprehensive income (loss) which should be attributed to the controlling and noncontrolling interests or other parties with a right or obligation that affects the attribution of comprehensive income or loss, on the basis of their contractual rights or obligations, if any, otherwise, on the basis of ownership interests.
For the three months ended August 31, 2008, the minority interest allocated ($78,636) represented the  entire amount of Holocom’s first quarter net loss after taxes on a consolidated basis.


 
10

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the grant date fair value of the portion of share-based payment awards ultimately expected to vest during the period in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment. As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. SFAS No. 123(R) requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The estimated average forfeiture rate for the three months ended August 31, 2009 of approximately 5% was based on historical forfeiture experience and estimated future employee forfeitures. The estimated expected term of option grants for the three months ended August 31, 2009 was five years.

Summary of Assumptions and Activity

The fair value of stock-based awards to employees and directors is calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, even though this model was developed to estimate the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable options without vesting restrictions, which differ significantly from our stock options. The Black-Scholes model also requires subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which greatly affect the calculated values. The expected term of options granted is derived from historical data on employee exercises and post-vesting employment termination behavior. The risk-free rate selected to value any particular grant is based on the U.S. Treasury rate that corresponds to the pricing term of the grant effective as of the date of the grant. The expected volatility for the three months ended August 31, 2009 is based on the historical volatilities of our common stock.  These factors could change in the future, affecting the determination of stock-based compensation expense in future periods.

 
Three Months Ended
August 31,
2009
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
August 31,
2008
(Unaudited)
 
         
Expected term
5 years    
N/A
 
Expected volatility
117
%
   
N/A
 
Risk-free interest rate
2.55
%
   
N/A
 


 
11

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
Stock-Based Compensation (continued)

A summary of option activity as of August 31, 2009 and changes during the three months then ended, is presented below:

   
Shares
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
   
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
   
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
 
Options outstanding at June 1, 2009
    10,210,000     $ 0.39              
Options granted
    70,000     $ 0.12              
Options exercised
    -     $ -              
Options forfeited
    (70,000 )   $ 0.23              
 
Options outstanding at August 31, 2009
    10,210,000     $ 0.39       2.93     $ 50,450  
 
Options vested and expected to vest at August 31, 2009
    8,093,311     $ 0.39       2.77     $ 50,450  
 
Options exercisable at August 31, 2009
    5,876,222     $ 0.44       2.31     $ 27,200  
 

The aggregate intrinsic value represents the differences in market price at the close of the quarter ($0.15 per share on August 31, 2009) and the exercise price of outstanding, in-the-money options (those options with exercise prices below $0.15) on August 31, 2009.

As of August 31, 2009, there was $854,007 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to employee stock option compensation arrangements.  That cost is expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over the next 45 months.  Approximately $550,000 of the total unrecognized compensation cost relates to 2,000,000 performance options granted to our CEO.  We are not currently recognizing compensation cost relating to these option grants as we have determined that it is not currently probable that the vesting conditions in the grants will be met.  When such vesting conditions are probable to be met, we will record the compensation cost for the grants.  On October 5, 2009, our CEO was terminated (see Note 17), the 2,000,000 performance options were not vested at that time and were cancelled.


 
12

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
Stock-Based Compensation (continued)

The following table summarizes employee and director stock-based compensation expense for Patriot and employee stock-based compensation for PDSG related to stock options under SFAS No. 123(R) for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008, which was recorded as follows:

   
Three Months Ended
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Research and development - PDSG
  $ 1,181     $ -  
Selling, general and administrative expense - PDSG
    14,827       -  
Selling, general and administrative expense - Patriot
    20,124       107,476  
Total
  $ 36,132     $ 107,476  

During the three months ended August 31, 2008, Holocom recognized $6,706 of employee, consultant and director stock-based compensation expense related to stock options under SFAS No. 123(R).

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), Business Combinations. SFAS No. 141(R) requires acquiring entities in a business combination to recognize the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction; establishes the acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed; and requires the acquirer to disclose to investors the information it needs to evaluate and understand the nature and financial effect of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements. SFAS No. 160 requires entities to report noncontrolling (minority) interests in subsidiaries as equity in the consolidated financial statements. SFAS No. 160 is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities requires entities to provide greater transparency about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133, and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. The statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.


 
13

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued)

In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets.  The FSP amends the factors that must be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life over which to amortize the cost of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. The FSP requires an entity to consider its own assumptions about renewal or extension of the term of the arrangement, consistent with its expected use of the asset, and is an attempt to improve consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. The FSP is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and the guidance for determining the useful life of a recognized intangible asset must be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. The adoption of this FSP did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP EITF No. 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities. Under the FSP, unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities, and should be included in the two-class method of computing EPS. The FSP is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  The adoption of this FSP did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments. This FSP provides additional guidance designed to create greater clarity and consistency in accounting and presenting impairment losses on securities. The FSP is intended to bring greater consistency to the timing of impairment recognition, and provide greater clarity to investors about the credit and noncredit components of impaired debt securities that are not expected to be sold. The measure of impairment in comprehensive income remains fair value. The FSP also requires increased and more timely disclosures regarding expected cash flows, credit losses, and an aging of securities with unrealized losses. The FSP is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009.  The adoption of this FSP did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R).  The objective
of this statement is to improve financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities.  The statement is effective as of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009.  We expect to adopt this standard on June 1, 2010 and do not expect the standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, The FASB Accounting Standards Codification™ and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles – a Replacement of FASB Statement No. 162.  The Codification will become the source of authoritative U.S. GAAP.  The statement is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  We expect to adopt this standard with the filing of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended November 30, 2009 and do not expect the standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In July 2009, the FASB issued EITF 09-3, Applicability of AICPA Statement of Position 97-2 to Certain Arrangements That Contain Software Elements, which amends the scope of AICPA Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition and EITF 03-5, Applicability of AICPA Statement of Position  97-2 to Non-Software Deliverables in an Arrangement Containing More-Than-Incidental Software to exclude  all tangible products containing both software and non-software components that function together to deliver the product’s essential functionality.  EITF 09-3 is effective for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010 and shall be applied on a prospective basis. Earlier application is permitted as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year provided it has not previously issued financial statements for any period within that year. We expect to adopt EITF 09-3 on June 1, 2011 and do not expect EITF 09-3 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 
14

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued)

In September 2009, the FASB ratified EITF 08-1, Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables, which requires companies to allocate revenue in arrangements involving multiple deliverables based on the estimated selling price of each deliverable, even though such deliverables are not sold separately either by  the company itself or other vendors. EITF 08-1 eliminates the requirement that all undelivered elements must have objective and reliable evidence of fair value before a company can recognize the portion of the overall arrangement fee that is attributable to items that already have been delivered. As a result, the new guidance may allow some companies to recognize revenue on transactions that involve multiple deliverables earlier than under current requirements. EITF 08-1 is effective for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2009. Early adoption is permitted at the beginning of a company’s fiscal year. We expect to adopt EITF 08-1 on June 1, 2010 and do not expect EITF 08-1 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

2. Acquisitions

Crossflo

On September 1, 2008, we acquired all of the outstanding shares of Crossflo.  The results of Crossflo’s operations have been included in our condensed consolidated financial statements since that date.  Crossflo markets data sharing services and products primarily to the public safety/government sector.  Crossflo’s flagship product is the Crossflo DataExchange (“CDX”).  CDX is a commercial off-the-shelf middleware designed for interagency and cross-domain data sharing which  allows end users to selectively share information and rapidly connect disparate data sources across multiple platforms.  Crossflo is expected to be a leading provider of data sharing solutions for the markets it targets.

The aggregate purchase price was $10,257,604, including $2,850,790 of cash, $824,600 of convertible notes and common stock valued at $6,582,214.  The value of the 26,988,455 shares issued was based on the average closing price of our common stock on the Electronic Bulletin Board as reported by NASDAQ over the ten trading days immediately preceding September 1, 2008.

This transaction was accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, and we have allocated the total purchase price to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values.

Purchase consideration:
       
Price per share
 
$
0.24389
 
Number of common shares issued
   
26,988,455
 
Value of shares issued
   
6,582,214
 
Cash paid, including acquisition costs
   
2,850,790
 
Principal and interest on convertible notes
   
824,600
 
   
$
10,257,604
 


 
15

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Acquisitions (continued)

Allocation of purchase consideration:
       
Tangible assets acquired:
       
Cash
 
 $
272,509
 
Accounts receivable
   
101,179
 
Work-in-process
   
11,658
 
Deferred tax assets
   
2,173,443
 
Property and equipment
   
49,399
 
Prepaid expenses and other
   
36,590
 
Identifiable intangible assets acquired:
       
Customer contracts – open orders
   
63,600
 
Maintenance agreements
   
75,400
 
Technologies and processes
   
5,932,400
 
Goodwill
   
1,668,630
 
Total assets acquired
   
10,384,808
 
Liabilities assumed:
       
Current liabilities
   
(127,204
)
   
$
10,257,604
 

The fair values assigned to identifiable intangible assets acquired were based on an appraisal performed by an independent third party using estimates and assumptions determined by management.  The fair values of the customer contracts, maintenance agreements and technologies and processes were determined using an income approach.

None of our acquired intangible assets were assigned to research and development assets.  The acquired intangible assets of $6,071,400 have a weighted-average useful life of approximately 8 years.  The intangible assets that make up that amount include customer contracts of $63,600 (0.75 year weighted-average useful life), maintenance agreements of $75,400 (4 year weighted-average useful life) and technologies and processes of $5,932,400 (8 year weighted-average useful life).

Goodwill in the amount of $1,668,630 was assigned to the Crossflo segment.  This amount is not deductible for income tax purposes.  During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2009 goodwill was impaired by approximately $236,000.

The deferred tax asset is a result of purchase accounting.  The deferred tax asset results from Crossflo’s net operating loss carryforwards that can be used to offset consolidated taxable income in future periods, offset by the deferred tax liability which is the result of future amortization expenses attributable to the acquired intangible assets which will not be deductible for income tax purposes.    


 
16

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Acquisitions (continued)

The deferred tax asset was calculated as follows:

   
Net Operating
Loss Carryforward
   
Tax
Rate
   
Deferred
Tax Asset
 
Federal
 
$
11,995,697
     
35%
   
$
4,198,494
 
California
   
7,810,697
     
5.746%
     
448,802
 
   
$
19,806,394
           
$
4,647,296
 

The deferred tax liability was calculated as follows:

Identifiable intangible assets acquired
 
$
6,071,400
 
Tax rate
   
40.746%
 
   
$
2,473,853
 

The terms of the merger agreement provided that additional purchase consideration of 2,844,630 shares of  our common stock (“Escrow Shares”) be deposited with a third party escrow agent.  Per the Escrow Agreement, one year following the closing date, the Escrow Shares shall be disbursed first to: Patriot to cover transaction expenses incurred in excess of estimated transaction expenses at closing and for damages incurred as a result of any breach of Crossflo’s representations, warranties and covenants made at closing, next to the former stockholders of Crossflo in accordance with terms of the Escrow Agreement, lastly any shares remaining in the account shall be returned to Patriot.  In the event that there is not an adequate number of shares remaining in the escrow account one year from closing to satisfy distribution to Crossflo stockholders in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement, Patriot is required to make up any difference in cash.  Please see Note 15 for the status of the escrow shares.

Proforma Financial Information

The financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations of Patriot and Crossflo, on a pro forma basis, as though the companies had been combined as of the beginning of the periods presented. The pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of the periods presented. Such pro forma financial information is based on the historical financial statements of Patriot and Crossflo. This pro forma financial information is based on estimates and assumptions, which have been made solely for purposes of developing such pro forma information, including, without limitation, purchase accounting adjustments. The pro forma financial information presented below also includes amortization based on the valuation of Crossflo’s identifiable intangible assets resulting from the acquisition. The pro forma financial information does not reflect any synergies or operating cost reductions that may be achieved from the combined operations.

 
Three Months Ended
August 31,
 2008
Revenue
  $ 1,000,017  
Net income (loss)
  $ 2,308,193  
Earnings per common share—basic
  $ 0.01  
Earnings per common share—diluted
  $ 0.01  


 
17

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Acquisitions (continued)
 
Verras Medical, Inc.

On December 1, 2008, Crossflo acquired the assets of Verras Medical, Inc. (“Verras”).  Verras does business as Iameter and under the Iameter name provides a healthcare software tool called Sherlock™ for hospitals and physician groups to assess the quality of care delivery against state and federal healthcare standards to help realize quality improvements and reduced costs.

The aggregate purchase price was $536,225, including $503,071 of cash and $33,154 of note receivable conversion.

This transaction was accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, and we have allocated the total purchase price to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values.

Purchase consideration:
       
Cash paid, including acquisition costs
 
$
103,071
 
Non-interest bearing payable
   
400,000
 
Conversion of note receivable into cash consideration
   
33,154
 
   
$
536,225
 

Allocation of purchase consideration:
       
Tangible assets acquired:
       
Cash
 
 $
4,247
 
Accounts receivable
   
25,000
 
Property and equipment
   
3,466
 
Identifiable intangible assets acquired:
       
Customer relationships
   
36,000
 
Trademarks/names
   
110,000
 
Technology
   
161,000
 
Goodwill
   
196,512
 
Total assets acquired
 
$
536,225
 

The fair values assigned to identifiable intangible assets acquired were based on an appraisal performed by an independent third party using estimates and assumptions determined by management.  The fair values of the customer relationships, trademarks/names and technology were determined using an income approach.

Pursuant to the purchase agreement, Crossflo paid Verras $80,288 on December 3, 2008, and the remaining $400,000 is due in four equal installments on the three, six, nine and twelve month anniversaries of the closing date.  The remaining liability of $200,000 under this agreement is included in accrued expenses on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at August 31, 2009.  On September 1, 2009, Crossflo paid Verras $100,000 pursuant to the agreement.
 

 
18

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Acquisitions (continued)

None of our acquired intangible assets were assigned to research and development assets.  The acquired intangible assets of $307,000 have a weighted-average useful life of approximately 7 years.  The intangible assets that make up that amount include customer relationships of $36,000 (5 year weighted-average useful life), trademarks/names of $110,000 (10 year weighted-average useful life) and technology of $161,000 (5 year weighted-average useful life).

Goodwill in the amount of $196,512 was assigned to Verras.  This amount will be assigned a 15 year life and amortized for income tax purposes.

Proforma Financial Information

Due to the immaterial nature of Verras’ operations, no proforma financial statement information will be presented.

Vigilys

On March 27, 2009, Crossflo acquired the Vigilys™ Tactical Operating System (“Vigilys”) business line from Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc. for total cash consideration of $197,004.

Allocation of purchase consideration:
       
Identifiable intangible assets acquired:
       
Customer relationships
 
 $
29,000
 
Trademarks/names
   
14,500
 
Technology
   
43,500
 
Goodwill
   
110,004
 
Total assets acquired
 
$
197,004
 

The fair values assigned to identifiable intangible assets acquired were based on an appraisal performed by an independent third party using estimates and assumptions determined by management.  The fair values of the customer relationships, trademarks/names and technology were determined using an income approach.

None of our acquired intangible assets were assigned to research and development assets.  The acquired intangible assets of $87,000 have a weighted-average useful life of approximately 7 years.  The intangible assets that make up that amount include customer relationships of $29,000 (5 year weighted-average useful life), trademarks/names of $14,500 (10 year weighted-average useful life) and technology of $43,500 (5 year weighted-average useful life).

Goodwill in the amount of $110,004 was assigned to Vigilys.  This amount will be assigned a 15 year life and amortized for income tax purposes.

Proforma Financial Information

Due to the immaterial nature of Vigilys’ operations, no proforma financial statement information will be presented


 
19

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

In accordance with SFAS No. 142, goodwill originating from acquisitions will not be amortized and will be tested for impairment on an annual basis and between annual tests based on certain circumstances.

Purchased intangible assets are being amortized over a period of 9 months to 10 years.

The following table presents details of our other intangible assets and related accumulated amortization balances, which were recorded as a result of business combinations and asset purchases:

                 
Net Carrying Value
 
 
Estimated
 
Allocated
   
Accumulated
   
August 31,
 
 
Life in Years
 
Value
   
Amortization
   
2009
 
Customer contracts  – open orders
0.75
 
$
63,600
   
$
(63,600
)
 
$
-
 
Customer relationships
5.00
   
65,000
     
(7,815
)
   
57,185
 
Maintenance agreements
4.00
   
75,400
     
(18,852
)
   
56,548
 
Trademarks/names
10.00
   
124,500
     
(8,858
)
   
115,642
 
Technologies and processes
5.00–8.00
   
6,136,900
     
(769,324
)
   
5,367,576
 
     
$
6,465,400
   
$
(868,449
 
$
5,596,951
 

                 
Net Carrying Value
 
 
Estimated
 
Allocated
   
Accumulated
   
May 31,
 
 
Life in Years
 
Value
   
Amortization
   
2009
 
Customer contracts  – open orders
0.75
 
$
63,600
   
$
(63,600
)
 
$
-
 
Customer relationships
5.00
   
65,000
     
(4,566
)
   
60,434
 
Maintenance agreements
4.00
   
75,400
     
(14,139
)
   
61,261
 
Trademarks/names
10.00
   
124,500
     
(5,744
)
   
118,756
 
Technologies and processes
5.00–8.00
   
6,136,900
     
(573,712
)
   
5,563,188
 
     
$
6,465,400
   
$
(661,761
 
$
5,803,639
 

We have included the amortization expense on intangible assets that relate to products sold in cost of sales.  We have included amortization expense associated with Holocom’s patents in selling, general and administrative expense on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the period ended August 31, 2008.  The amortization expense related to intangible assets was as follows:


   
Three Months Ended
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Amortization of intangible assets included in:
           
Cost of sales
  $ 206,688     $ -  
Selling, general and administrative expense
    -       759  
Total
  $ 206,688     $ 759  


 
20

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (continued)

At August 31, 2009 the estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets is estimated to be as follows:

Year
     
2010 (remaining nine months)
  $ 620,064  
2011
    826,752  
2012
    826,752  
2013
    812,605  
2014
    785,806  
Thereafter
    1,724,972  
Total expected future amortization
  $ 5,596,951  

The carrying amount of goodwill was $1,739,249 at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009.
 
4. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

We consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Restricted cash and cash equivalents at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009 consist of two savings accounts required to be held as collateral for corporate credit card accounts.

At August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009, our short-term investments in the amount of $20,746 and $58,292, respectively, consist of accrued interest receivable on our auction rate securities which is receivable semi-annually according to the terms specified in each auction rate security instrument.  This value is reported at cost, which approximates fair market value.

5.  Fair Value Measurements

Effective June 1, 2008, we adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157 Fair Value Measurements to account for our financial assets and liabilities.  SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The SFAS No. 157 framework for measuring fair value requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. We determine fair value based on quoted prices when available or through the use of alternative approaches, such as discounting the expected cash flows using market interest rates commensurate with the credit quality and duration of the investment or valuations by third party professionals. SFAS No. 157’s hierarchy defines three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e. supported by little or no market activity).


 
21

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Fair Value Measurements (continued)

The following table represents our financial instruments subject to SFAS No. 157 and the valuation approach applied to each class of security:

   
Quoted Prices in Active Markets
Level 1
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs
Level 2
   
Significant
 Unobservable Inputs
Level 3
   
Balance as of
August 31, 2009
 
Auction rate securities
 
$
   
$
   
$
10,013,212
   
$
10,013,212
 
 
The valuation of these securities is based on Level 3 unobservable inputs which consist of recommended fair values provided by Houlihan Smith & Company, Inc.  As a result of the estimated fair value, we have determined that there is a temporary impairment in the valuation of these securities of $886,788.  We have recorded an unrealized loss of $530,147 in accumulated other comprehensive loss at August 31, 2009, which represents the gross valuation adjustment of $886,788, net of the related tax benefit of $356,641. These securities are held “available-for-sale” in conformity with SFAS No. 115 and the unrealized loss is included in other comprehensive income in the current period. Due to the uncertainty related to the liquidity in the auction rate security market, we have classified these auction rate securities as long-term assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

For those financial instruments with significant Level 3 inputs, the following table summarizes the activity for the period by investment type:
 
(Unaudited)
  
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant
 Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Description
  
Auction Rate
 Securities
   
Total
 
Beginning balance, May 31, 2009
  
$
11,650,000
   
$
11,650,000
 
Transfers in to Level 3
  
 
—  
     
—  
 
Total realized/unrealized losses:
  
 
—  
     
—  
 
Included in earnings
  
 
—  
     
—  
 
Included in comprehensive income (loss)
  
 
(886,788
)
   
(886,788
)
Settlements
  
 
(750,000
)
   
(750,000
)
Ending balance, August 31, 2009
  
$
10,013,212
   
$
10,013,212
 
 
  
             
Total recovery of previously unrealized losses for the three months ended August 31, 2009 included in other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the change in fair market value relating to assets still held at the reporting date
  
$
164,823
   
$
164,823
 

All realized gains or losses related to financial instruments whose fair value is determined based on Level 3 inputs are included in other income. All unrealized gains or losses related to financial instruments whose fair value is determined based on Level 3 inputs are included in other comprehensive income (loss).


 
22

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

6. Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable consisted of the following:

   
August 31, 2009
   
May 31, 2009
 
PTSC
  $ -     $ 1,708  
PDSG
    125,048       166,694  
Total
  $ 125,048     $ 168,402  

No allowance for doubtful accounts was necessary at August 31, 2009 or May 31, 2009.

At August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009, accounts receivable from our investee PDS was $3,345 and $5,467, respectively.  These balances represent reimbursements we submit to PDS for our legal and related costs incurred in various legal matters of which we are listed as co-defendant with TPL.

7. Notes Receivable

On February 24, 2009, we received a promissory note receivable from Avot for principal of $100,000.  Interest at the rate of 8% accrues on the note until its maturity date of August 24, 2009.

On March 12, 2009, we entered into a secured revolving note receivable with Avot for $500,000.  The note bears interest at a rate of 8% and is due December 12, 2009. The note is secured by the assets presently owned or acquired in the future by Avot.  Upon entering into the secured revolving loan note, the short term note we received from Avot on February 24, 2009 was cancelled and the principal amount of $100,000 was classified as an initial advance on the revolving loan note.  Under terms of the note, not more than one request for advances shall be made within a single month.  On March 13, 2009, April 1, 2009, May 11, 2009 and June 22, 2009, we advanced $115,000, $115,000, $115,000 and $55,000, respectively, to Avot under terms of the note. At August 31, 2009 the balance of the note receivable was $503,444, including accrued interest receivable of $3,444.

At May 31, 2009, the balance of the note receivable was $447,810, including accrued interest receivable of $2,810 recognized during the year ended May 31, 2009.

8. Work-In-Process

Work-in-process at August 31, 2009  and May 31, 2009 consists of $89,065 and $27,279, respectively,  which represents the excess of recognized revenue over invoices to customers on PDSG’s current contracts in progress.

9. Investments in Marketable Securities

The following table shows the cost, gross unrealized losses and fair value of our investments in marketable securities with unrealized losses that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009.  As stated in Note 5, the fair value of our  investments is based on valuations by Houlihan Smith & Company, Inc. at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009:


 
23

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Investments in Marketable Securities (continued)

   
As of August 31, 2009
 
   
Twelve Months or Greater
 
   
 
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
 Losses
   
Estimated
 Fair
 Value
 
Short-term
                 
Accrued interest - auction rate securities
  $ 20,746     $     $ 20,746  
                         
Long-term
                       
Auction rate securities
    10,900,000       (886,788 )     10,013,212  
                         
Total
  $ 10,920,746     $ (886,788 )   $ 10,033,958  

   
As of May 31, 2009
 
   
Twelve Months or Greater
 
   
 
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
 Losses
   
Estimated
 Fair
 Value
 
Short-term
                 
Accrued interest - auction rate securities
  $ 58,292     $     $ 58,292  
                         
Long-term
                       
Auction rate securities
    11,650,000       (1,051,611 )     10,598,389  
                         
Total
  $ 11,708,292     $ (1,051,611 )   $ 10,656,681  

Auction Rate Securities.  The unrealized losses on our auction rate securities are caused by the uncertainty that these securities will settle or that we may have to redeem them for less than par value in the event we needed immediate access to these funds.  As of August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009, we held auction rate securities with a par value totaling approximately $10.9 million and $11.7 million, respectively, that failed to sell at auction.  During June 2009, auction rate securities with a par value of $750,000 were redeemed by the issuers at par value.  In September 2009, auction rate securities with a par value of $2,500,000 were redeemed by the issuer at par value (see Note 17). In the event we need to access funds invested in these auction rate securities we would not be able to liquidate these securities until (i) a future auction of these securities is successful, (ii) they are refinanced and redeemed by the issuers, or (iii) a buyer is found outside of the auction process.  The investments consist of student loan auction rate instruments issued by various state agencies pursuant to the Federal Family Educational Loan Program (“FFELP”).  These investments are of high credit quality and the AAA credit ratings of the investments have been reaffirmed since August 2009.  These instruments are collateralized in excess of the underlying obligations, are insured by the various state educational agencies, and are guaranteed by the Department of Education as an insurer of last resort.  We do not intend to sell our auction rate securities before we are able to recover our cost basis and it is more likely than not that we will not have to sell our auction rate securities before recovery of our cost basis.

 
24

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Investments in Marketable Securities (continued)

Due to the uncertainty surrounding the timing of a market recovery, we have classified our auction rate securities as long- term investments in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of August 31, 2009.  As  a result of temporary declines in the fair value of our auction rate securities, which we attribute to liquidity issues rather than credit issues, we have recorded an unrealized loss of $530,147 in other comprehensive loss at August 31, 2009, which represents the gross valuation adjustment of $886,788, net of the related tax benefit of $356,641.  At May 31, 2009, we recorded an unrealized loss of $629,314 in accumulated other comprehensive loss, which represents the gross valuation adjustment of $1,051,611, net of the related tax benefit of $422,297.
 
We will continue to evaluate the fair value of our investments in auction rate securities each reporting period for a potential other-than-temporary impairment.

During June 2008, we obtained a credit facility from Wedbush Morgan Securities, Inc. (“Wedbush”) for as long as needed, which provides for financing up to 50% of the par value balance of our outstanding auction rate securities. The facility is collateralized by the full value of the outstanding auction rate securities, required no origination fee, and when drawn upon will bear interest at the federal funds rate plus 3%.  On October 14, 2008, we borrowed $3,000,000 on the credit facility, the proceeds of which is included in cash and cash equivalents at August 31, 2009 (see Note 13).

10. License Agreements

In February 2005, we entered into two separate licensing agreements with one customer for our patent portfolio and Ignite microprocessor technology. The aggregate amount of the two licenses was $3,050,000, of which $2,950,000 was for licensing fees and $100,000 was for maintenance services. Maintenance under the agreement was expected to be provided over a period not to exceed four years; which ended in February 2009. Maintenance revenue recognized during the three months ended August 31, 2008 was approximately $6,250.

11. Investments in Affiliated Companies

Phoenix Digital Solutions, LLC

On June 7, 2005, we entered into a Master Agreement (the “Master Agreement”) with Technology Properties Limited, a California corporation (“TPL”), and Charles H. Moore (“Moore”), the co-inventor of the technology which is the subject of the MMP Portfolio of microprocessor patents, pursuant to which the parties resolved all legal disputes between them. Pursuant to the Master Agreement, we and TPL entered into the Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of PDS (the “LLC Agreement”) into which we and Moore contributed our rights to certain of our technologies.

We and TPL each own 50% of the membership interests of PDS, and each of us has the right to appoint one member of the three member management committee. The two appointees are required to select a mutually acceptable third member of the management committee. Pursuant to the LLC Agreement, we and TPL agreed to establish a working capital fund for PDS of $4,000,000, of which our contribution was $2,000,000. The working capital fund increases to a maximum of $8,000,000 as license revenues are achieved. We and TPL are obligated to fund future working capital requirements at the discretion of the management committee of PDS in order to maintain working capital of not more than $8,000,000. Neither we nor TPL are required to contribute more than $2,000,000 in any fiscal year. Distributable cash and allocation of profits and losses will be allocated to the members in the priority defined in the LLC Agreement. PDS has committed to pay a quarterly amount ranging between $500,000 and $1,000,000 (based upon a percentage of the working capital fund balance of PDS) for supporting efforts to secure licensing agreements by TPL on behalf of PDS. During the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008, PDS expensed $500,000 and $947,425, respectively, pursuant to this commitment.


 
25

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Investments in Affiliated Companies (continued)

PDS reimburses TPL for payment of all legal and third-party expert fees and other related third-party costs and other expenses.  During the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008, PDS expensed $2,295,208 and $954,637, respectively, pursuant to the agreement.

On November 13, 2008, the management committee of PDS resolved to pay TPL 3% of the gross licensing revenue received by PDS for the period June 1, 2008 through May 31, 2009, as reimbursement for certain expenses incurred by TPL in connection with TPL’s activities related to a possible amendment of patent laws in the United States.  The aggregate reimbursement under this resolution was not to exceed $1,000,000 for the period June 1, 2008 through May 31, 2009.  From November 2008 to May 31, 2009, PDS expensed $571,500 pursuant to this resolution.

On August 17, 2009, the management committee of PDS resolved to pay TPL $500,000 per quarter beginning on June 1, 2009 and continuing through May 31, 2010 relating to TPL’s special work and effort regarding the MMP litigation and U.S. Patent Office re-examinations.  In the event that PDS has insufficient funds to make such payments, we are required to advance half of the quarterly amount to PDS.  Our advance to PDS will be without interest and must be repaid to us no later than May 31, 2010.  On June 1, 2009, TPL received $500,000 from PDS pursuant to this agreement, this amount is included in the legal and third-party expert fees listed above.  As of the date of this filing, we have not advanced any funds to PDS under this resolution.

We are accounting for our investment in PDS under the equity method of accounting, and accordingly have recorded our share of PDS’ net loss during the three months ended August 31, 2009 of $242,851 as a decrease in our investment and our share of PDS’ net income during the three months ended August 31, 2008 of $6,621,859 as an increase in our investment.  Cash distributions received from PDS during the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008 of $3,666,828 and $5,852,056, respectively, have been recorded as a reduction in our investment. During the three months ended August 31, 2009, PDS distributed earnings in excess of the carrying amount of our investment of $907,412.  Such amount has been recorded as “Distributions in excess of investment in affiliated company” on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at August 31, 2009, due to our and TPL’s obligation to fund the working capital of PDS at the discretion of PDS’ management committee.  We have recorded our share of PDS’ net loss for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and our share of PDS’ net income for the three months ended August 31, 2008 as “Equity in Earnings (Loss) of Affiliated Companies” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

During the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008, TPL entered into licensing agreements with third parties, pursuant to which PDS received aggregate proceeds of $2,327,655 and $16,275,000, respectively.

At August 31, 2009, PDS had accounts payable balances of approximately $1,892,900 and $3,300  to TPL and PTSC, respectively.  At May 31, 2009, PDS had accounts payable balances of approximately $1,482,000 and $5,500 to TPL and PTSC, respectively.

 
 
26

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Investments in Affiliated Companies (continued)
 
PDS’ condensed balance sheets at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009 and statements of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008 are as follows:

Condensed Balance Sheets

ASSETS:
   
August 31, 2009
   
May 31, 2009
   
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 81,419     $ 1,343,582  
Licenses receivable
    -       6,148,750  
Total assets
  $ 81,419     $ 7,492,332  

LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT):
   
August 31, 2009
 
May 31, 2009
 
Accounts payable
  $ 1,896,242     $ 1,487,799  
Members’ equity (deficit)
    (1,814,823 )     6,004,533  
Total liabilities and members’ equity (deficit)
  $ 81,419     $ 7,492,332  
 
Condensed Statements of Operations
   
Three Months Ended
August 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
Revenues
  $ 2,327,655     $ 16,275,000  
Operating expenses
    2,813,664       1,942,560  
Operating income (loss)
    (486,009 )     14,332,440  
Interest income
    307       28,639  
Net income (loss)
  $ (485,702 )   $ 14,361,079  

Talis Data Systems, LLC

On May 16, 2008, we paid $400,000 to acquire a 15.09% share in Talis, a company that produces multi-domain computer and network security products to government, military, and enterprise customers. Talis develops and markets PCs incorporating the company's Datagent security device, a patented, hardware based data security solution that avoids the vulnerability of software–based approaches.

On August 1, 2008, we increased our investment in Talis as a result of purchasing additional membership units offered by Talis for $300,000 as well as acquiring membership units from minority members for $196,500.  We also acquired all of the Talis membership units previously held by Holocom for $100,000 in cash and a reduction on their outstanding line of credit of $219,000.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009, we purchased an additional 185,793 membership units of Talis for $269,399 which brought our ownership share of Talis to 38.9% at May 31, 2009.  During June 2009, we purchased 22,414 membership units for $32,500 which brings our ownership share to 39.4%.


 
27

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Investments in Affiliated Companies (continued)

The inability of Talis to meet its business plan, to raise capital, and the general economic environment were indicators of impairment on our investment, accordingly at August 31, 2009, management obtained a third party valuation of Talis from Vantage Point Advisors, Inc.  Based on the results of the valuation, it was determined that our investment in Talis was impaired by approximately $680,000.  We have recorded this as an impairment of investment in affiliated company on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2009.

We were accounting for our investment in Talis under the equity method of accounting.  We had recorded our share of Talis’ net loss of $21,706 and $63,089 during the two months ended July 31, 2009 and three months ended August 31, 2008, respectively, as a decrease in our investment.  Our investment in Talis was $669,498 at May 31, 2009 and was recorded as “Investments in Affiliated Companies” on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.  We have recorded our share of Talis’ net loss as “Equity in Earnings of Affiliated Companies” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for the two months ended July 31, 2009 and the three month ended August 31, 2008.  The carrying value of our investment in Talis after impairment is zero at August 31, 2009.

Due to the immaterial nature of Talis’ operations, no condensed financial statement information is presented herein.

Avot Media, Inc.

During the quarter ended August 31, 2008, we invested an aggregate of $1,300,000, including conversion of  a note receivable in the amount of $250,000, to obtain 14,444,444 shares of Series B preferred stock issued by Avot, representing 53.3% of the Series B preferred stock and 37.1% of all Avot’s preferred shares issued and outstanding.  The Series B preferred shares are convertible at our option into shares of Avot’s common stock utilizing a conversion rate which consists of the original issue price of the Series B shares divided by the conversion price of $0.09 per share.  The conversion price is subject to adjustment from time to time for recapitalizations and as otherwise set forth in Avot’s Articles of Incorporation.  Each share of preferred stock will automatically convert to common shares, utilizing the conversion rate: (i) immediately prior to the closing of a firm commitment underwritten initial public offering (“IPO”) provided that (a) the offering price per share is not less than $1.00, (b) the aggregate gross proceeds to Avot are not less than $25,000,000 and (c) Avot’s common stock will be listed or admitted to trading on any national securities association registered pursuant to Section 15A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, upon effectiveness of the IPO, or (ii) upon receipt by Avot of written request for such conversion from the holders of a majority of the preferred stock then outstanding.  All preferred shares are entitled to receive non-cumulative dividends if and when declared by the Board of Directors of Avot.  The Series B preferred shares are entitled to receive a liquidation preference of $0.09 per share adjusted from time to time for recapitalizations, plus an amount equal to all declared but unpaid dividends.

We reviewed the Series B Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement and related agreements in addition to evaluating our voting rights for our investment in the preferred stock of Avot, and as such we have concluded that we do not have the ability to exercise significant control over Avot.  As a result, we are accounting for our investment in Avot at cost.

The inability of Avot to meet its business plan, to raise capital, and the general economic environment were indicators of impairment on our investment, and at May 31, 2009, management obtained a third party valuation of Avot from Vantage Point Advisors, Inc.  Based on the results of the valuation, it was determined that our investment in Avot was impaired by approximately $867,000.


 
28

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Investments in Affiliated Companies (continued)

Our investment in Avot as impaired is $433,333 and has been recorded as “Investments in Affiliated Companies” on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009.

During March 2009, we entered into a revolving loan note with Avot (see Note 7).

Scripps Secured Data, Inc. (d/b/a Holocom, Inc.)
 
On February 2, 2007, we invested an aggregate of $370,000 in convertible preferred stock, representing all of the issued preferred stock and a 46% ownership interest, of and in Holocom, a California corporation that manufactures products that protect information transmitted over secure networks. The investment consisted of certain assets we contributed to Holocom valued at $250,000 and cash of $120,000. The investment is represented by 2,100,00 shares of convertible preferred stock, and the shares are convertible at our option into shares of Holocom’s common stock on a one-to-one basis. The convertible preferred stock entitles us to receive non-cumulative dividends at the per annum rate of $0.04 per share, when and if declared by the Board of Directors of Holocom. The investment in Holocom’s convertible preferred stock also entitles us to a liquidation preference of $0.40 per share, plus an amount equal to all declared but unpaid dividends.
 
We reviewed the Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement and related agreements to determine whether our convertible preferred stock investment in Holocom was in substance an investment in common stock pursuant to EITF No. 02-14, Whether an Investor Should Apply the Equity Method of Accounting to Investments Other Than Common Stock. We determined that, because the liquidation preference is substantive, the subordination characteristics of the preferred stock are not substantially similar to the subordination characteristics of Holocom’s common stock. We also evaluated our voting rights pursuant to other agreements with Holocom and, when considered together with the guidance in EITF No. 02-14, we believe that we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over Holocom. As a result, we are accounting for our investment in Holocom at cost.

During March 2007, we entered into a revolving line of credit with Holocom which caused us to have a variable interest in Holocom and we were required to consolidate Holocom as a variable interest entity according to FIN46(R) (see Note 12).  Prior to initial consolidation, we recognized a $126,746 impairment loss on our preferred stock investment for the losses of Holocom for the period February 2007 through March 26, 2007.  During May 2009, we deconsolidated Holocom due to a re-consideration event (see Note 12).  At August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009, our investment in Holocom is $435,182 and has been recorded as “Investments in Affiliated Companies” on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at August 31, 2009  and May 31, 2009.

12. Formerly Consolidated Variable Interest Entity

As stated in Note 11, in February 2007, we invested an aggregate of $370,000 in Holocom for 2,100,000 shares of convertible preferred stock.  On March 27, 2007, we entered into an 18-month revolving line of credit with Holocom for a maximum amount of $500,000.  As a result of the line of credit, we had a variable interest in Holocom, a variable interest entity, and we had determined that we were the primary beneficiary as we absorbed more than half of the variable interest entity’s expected losses.  On August 29, 2008 Holocom paid the remaining balance due on the March 2007 line of credit and provided us notice effectively terminating the line of credit on August 29, 2008.  During July 2008, Holocom obtained a credit facility for up to $300,000 from a third party, the facility’s term extended to May 1, 2009, and was guaranteed by us. As a result of our guarantee on the third party credit facility, which we were not contractually required to provide, we maintained a variable interest in Holocom as we are obligated under the guarantee to repay the third party should Holocom default on the credit facility.  During May 2009, Holocom paid the balance due

 
29

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Formerly Consolidated Variable Interest Entity (continued)

on the July 2008 facility, releasing our guarantee.  As a result of this re-consideration event, we are no longer the sole source of financial support and the primary beneficiary for Holocom; accordingly on May 1, 2009 we deconsolidated Holocom from our financial results.

For the three months ended August 31, 2008, the minority interest allocated ($78,636) represented the  entire amount of Holocom’s first quarter net loss after taxes on a consolidated basis.

13.   Notes Payable

On October 14, 2008, we borrowed $3,000,000 on our credit facility with Wedbush, the proceeds of which is included in cash and cash equivalents at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009.  Per requirements of The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), the credit facility is limited to 50% of the par value of our outstanding auction rate securities.  As of the date of this filing, the par value of our outstanding auction rate securities was $8,400,000, which limits our credit facility to $4,200,000.  The facility is collateralized by the full value of the outstanding auction rate securities, requires no origination fee and bears interest at the federal funds rate plus 3%.  At August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009, the balance included accrued interest on the credit facility of $62,217 and $41,577, respectively, at an approximate rate of 3.25%.  

14.   Stockholders’ Equity

Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on certain investments classified as available-for-sale, net of tax, which are excluded from our condensed consolidated statements of operations in accordance with SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income. Comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008 was as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
August 31,
 
 
2009
 
2008
 
Net income (loss)
  $ (1,985,079 )     3,209,513  
Unrealized holding gain (losses) on investments, net of taxes
    99,167       (88,704 )
Total comprehensive income (loss)
  $ (1,885,912 )   $ 3,120,809  
 
Share Repurchases

During July 2006, we commenced our Board of Director approved stock buyback program in which we repurchase our outstanding common stock from time to time on the open market.  As part of the program we purchased 50,000 and 2,367,160 shares of our common stock at an aggregate cost of $5,513 and $504,771 during the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.


 
30

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

Equity Transactions

The following table summarizes equity transactions during the three months ended August 31, 2009:
 
   
Common Stock
                   
   
Shares
   
Amounts
   
Additional Paid-in Capital
   
Accumulated Deficit
   
Treasury Stock
 
Balance June 1, 2009
    410,354,054     $ 4,380     $ 77,008,332     $ (32,881,848 )   $ (13,850,659 )
Non-cash compensation
    - -       -       38,212       -       -  
Repurchase of common stock for treasury
    (50,000 )     -       -       -       (5,513 )
Net loss
    - -       -       -       (1,985,079 )     -  
Balance August 31, 2009
    410,304,054     $ 4,380     $ 77,046,544     $ (34,866,927 )   $ (13,856,172 )
 
 
As of August 31, 2009, we had 100,000 options outstanding pursuant to our 1996 Stock Option Plan exercisable at $0.07 per share expiring in 2009; 849,000 options outstanding pursuant to our 2001 Stock Option Plan exercisable at a range of $0.10 to $0.86 per share expiring through 2013; 2,873,000 options outstanding pursuant to our 2003 Stock Option Plan exercisable at a range of $0.10 to $0.40 per share expiring through 2013; and 6,388,000 options outstanding pursuant to our 2006 Stock Option Plan exercisable at a range of $0.08 to $0.70 per share expiring through 2014.  Some of the options outstanding under these plans are not presently exercisable and are subject to meeting vesting criteria.

On June 1, 2009, we issued 70,000 stock options from our 2006 Stock Option Plan with an exercise price of $0.12 to new PDSG employees.  These options are not presently exercisable and are subject to meeting vesting criteria.

During the three months ended August 31, 2009, we recorded $38,212 of non-cash compensation expense related to vesting of stock options and warrants, including $16,008 related to PDSG.  During the three months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded $114,875 of non-cash compensation expense related to vesting of stock options and warrants, including $6,706 related to Holocom and none relating to PDSG.

As of August 31, 2009, we had warrants outstanding to purchase 550,000 common shares at exercise prices ranging from $0.20 to $1.00 per share, expiring at various dates through 2013.  No warrants were issued or exercised and no warrants expired during the three months ended August 31, 2009.

15.  Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

Patent Litigation

On February 8, 2008, we, TPL and Alliacense Ltd. were named as defendants in three separate lawsuits filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California by Asustek Computer, Inc., HTC Corporation, and Acer, Inc., and affiliated entities of each of them.


 
31

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

The Asustek case sought declaratory relief that its products do not infringe enforceable claims of the '336 and '584 patents and US 5,440,749 (the “749 patent”). The Asustek case also sought a similar declaration with respect to two patents owned by TPL that are not a part of the MMP Portfolio, and as such we are not engaged in this aspect of the litigation and defense.  On December 22, 2008, we announced that Asustek had purchased a MMP Portfolio license.

The Acer case seeks declaratory relief that its products do not infringe enforceable claims of the '336, '584, ‘749, '148 patents and US 5,530,890 (the “890 patent”). The HTC case similarly seeks declaratory relief that its products do not infringe enforceable claims of those patents.  We allege counterclaims for patent infringement of the '336, '749, '148 and '890 patents against Acer and HTC.  On June 16, 2009, District Court Judge Jeremy Fogel stayed the HTC and Acer actions until September 18, 2009.  The stay has been extended through November 6, 2009.

On December 1, 2008, we, TPL and Alliacense, Ltd. were named as defendants in a lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California by Barco, N.V.  The Barco case seeks declaratory relief that its products do not infringe enforceable claims of the '584, '749 and '890 patents.  We allege counterclaims for patent infringement of our '749, '890 and '336 patents.  On June 22, 2009, Judge Fogel also stayed the Barco case until September 18, 2009, and that stay has been extended through November 6, 2009.

On April 29, 2009, we, TPL, and Alliacense Ltd., were named as defendants in a lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York by Sirius XM Radio, Inc.  The Sirius case seeks declaratory relief that its products do not infringe enforceable claims of our '749, '584, '890, '360 and '148 patents, and additionally two patents of TPL's "fast logic" portfolio which do not involve us.  Our Motion to Transfer the Sirius action to the United States District Court for the Northern District of California has been briefed to the court and is pending.

Deutsche Bank Arbitration

On October 16, 2008, we initiated binding arbitration claims before FINRA against Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc., and affiliates ("DBSI") based on advisory services provided to us resulting in our purchases of auction rate securities ("ARS") and the failure of the ARS market in February 2008.  We experienced a loss of liquidity and other damages as a result and allege DBSI engaged in negligence and nondisclosure in providing us services.  DBSI has answered our claims, and an arbitration panel has been selected.  Document discovery has been initiated.  Some instruments have been repurchased by the issuers since the claim was filed (see  Note 17).  The Arbitration is scheduled to commence on January 11, 2010.

DBSI's parent, Deutsche Bank AG, denied being required to arbitrate the dispute with DBSI before FINRA, and so we filed an action against Deutsche Bank AG in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California based on its liability with respect to our investments in ARS.  Deutsche Bank AG has filed motions to stay the proceedings and to dismiss all claims which are set for hearing on October 26, 2009 and December 21, 2009, respectively.  Our application to commence discovery is pending.

Crossflo Systems, Inc. Litigation

Under the terms of our Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") with Crossflo, and certain of its principal officers, an escrow account was established to hold back approximately 10% of the merger consideration payable to the shareholders of Crossflo (the "Escrow Merger Consideration").  We contend that certain representations and warranties made by Crossflo and certain of its principal officers in the Merger Agreement were false when made, and were false as of the closing of the merger.  We submitted a demand to the escrow agent on August 31, 2009 not to release the Escrow Merger Consideration to the Crossflo shareholders and to instead return it to us.  Enough Crossflo shareholders have opposed our demand that the escrow consideration has not been released to either side.


 
32

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

On August 31, 2009, we initiated an arbitration proceeding before the American Arbitration Association against the three Crossflo principal officers who were signatories to the Merger Agreement for having provided false representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement and for nondisclosure of information about Crossflo during the due diligence process leading up to the Merger.  Those three principal officers have not responded to the arbitration claim as of the date of this filing which is deemed to be a denial of such claim.

401(k) Plan

Patriot and PDSG have retirement plans that comply with Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. All employees are eligible to participate in the plans. Patriot matches 50% of each participant’s voluntary contributions, subject to a maximum contribution of 6% of the participant’s compensation. Patriot’s participants vest 33% per year over a three year period in their contributions. Patriot’s matching contributions during the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008 were $6,020 and $2,038, respectively.  PDSG does not match participant voluntary contributions.

Guarantees and Indemnities

We have made certain guarantees and indemnities, under which we may be required to make payments to a guaranteed or indemnified party. We indemnify our directors, officers, employees and agents to the  maximum extent permitted under the laws of the State of Delaware and California for PDSG. In connection with our facility leases, we have indemnified our lessors for certain claims arising from the use of the facilities. The duration of the guarantees and indemnities varies, and in many cases is indefinite. These guarantees and indemnities do not provide for any limitation of the maximum potential future payments we could be obligated to make. Historically, we have not been obligated to make any payments for these obligations and no liabilities have been recorded for these guarantees and indemnities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Pursuant to the acquisition of Crossflo, we have indemnified the former owners of Crossflo for any claims or losses resulting from any untrue, allegedly untrue or misleading statement made in a registration statement, prospectus or similar document. Additionally, we have agreed to indemnify the former owners of Crossflo against losses up to a maximum of the merger consideration for damages resulting from breach of representations or warranties in connection with the acquisition.

Retention Bonuses

In connection with the acquisition of Crossflo, retention bonuses are to be paid to individuals who were Crossflo employees pre-merger who remain with PDSG until March 1, 2010.  In connection with the acquisition of Vigilys, a retention bonus is to be paid to a key employee who remains with PDSG until March 27, 2010.  The projected liability for such bonuses is $245,000.  These liabilities are being accrued ratably over the retention periods.


 
33

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

Escrow Shares

On August 31, 2009 we gave notice to the former shareholders of Crossflo and Union Bank of California (the “Escrow Agent”) under Section 2.5 of the Agreement and Plan of Merger between us and Crossflo (the “Agreement”), outlining damages incurred by us in conjunction with the acquisition of Crossflo, and seeking the return of 2,844,630 shares of our common stock held by the Escrow Agent.  Subsequently, former shareholders of Crossflo representing a majority of the escrowed shares responded in protest to our claim, delaying the release of the escrowed shares until a formal resolution is reached.  In the event we fail to prevail in our claim against the escrowed shares, we may be obligated to deposit into escrow approximately $256,000 of cash consideration due to the decline in our average stock price over the one year escrow period, calculated in accordance with the Section 2.5 of the Agreement.  We have evaluated the potential for loss regarding our claim and believe that we will prevail.  Accordingly, we have not recorded a contingent liability for this matter.

16. Segment Information

Holocom began operations in February 2007 and we consolidated Holocom in our consolidated financial statements commencing in March 2007.  Due to a re-consideration event we deconsolidated Holocom May 1, 2009 (see Note 12). Holocom was an operating segment under SFAS No. 131, Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise, as revenue was 10% or more of the total revenue of all operating segments.

Holocom is engaged in the business of developing and manufacturing network-security hardware for sale to government, military, and other high-security facilities. There was no inter-segment revenue, and the accounting policies for segment reporting were the same as for us as a whole.

We acquired PDSG in a series of transactions in the second, third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2009 and consolidate our wholly-owned subsidiary PDSG in our consolidated financial statements.  PDSG provides data sharing services and products to the public sector.  There is no inter-segment revenue and the accounting policies for segment reporting are the same as for us as a whole.

These reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services.  They are managed separately because each business requires different technology and marketing strategies.

The “all other” category includes the results for Patriot Scientific Corporation.

Operating segment net revenue, operating loss and income (loss) before taxes for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

   
Three Months Ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Net revenue:
           
Holocom
  $ -     $ 1,319,366  
PDSG
    97,035       -  
All other
    -       39,280  
Total net revenue
  $ 97,035     $ 1,358,646  


 
34

 

Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Segment Information (continued)

   
Three Months Ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Operating income (loss):
           
Holocom
  $ -     $ 117,453  
PDSG
    (1,466,181 )     -  
All other
    (917,447 )     (1,273,865 )
Total operating loss
  $ (2,383,628 )   $ (1,156,412 )
                 
Income (loss) before taxes and minority interest:
               
Holocom
  $ -     $ 114,558  
PDSG
    (1,456,845 )     -  
All other
    (1,849,345 )     5,396,024  
Total income (loss) before taxes and minority interest
  $ (3,306,190 )   $ 5,510,582  

Operating segment total assets at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009 were as follows:

   
August 31, 2009
   
May 31, 2009
 
Total assets:
           
PDSG
  $ 9,922,821     $ 10,067,007  
All other
    22,641,835       23,659,945  
Total assets
  $ 32,564,656     $ 33,726,952  

All Holocom sales were to unaffiliated customers within the United States.  All PDSG sales were to unaffiliated customers within the United States, with the exception of a hosting arrangement with a customer in Japan.

Sales concentration information for Holocom for the three months ended August 31, 2008 was as follows:

   
Three months ended
August 31, 2008
 
   
Sales
   
% of sales
 
Customer A
  $ 793,953       60 %
Customer B
  $ 361,313       27 %

Accounts receivable concentration information for PDSG as of August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009  and sales concentration information for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

   
Three months ended
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2009
   
Three months ended
August 31, 2008
   
May 31, 2009
 
   
Sales
   
% of sales
   
% of A/R
   
Sales
   
% of sales
   
% of A/R
 
Customer A
    ----       ----       80%       ----       ----       60%  
Customer B
  $ 28,880       30%       ----       ----       ----       ----  
Customer C
  $ 33,050       34%       ----       ----       ----       14%  
Customer D
  $ 11,337       12%       3%       ----       ----       5%  


 
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Patriot Scientific Corporation
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

17.  Subsequent Events

On September 1, 2009, we paid Verras $100,000 pursuant to the asset purchase agreement.

In September 2009, we entered into an agreement with Avot in which Avot will develop a software package for PDSG’s Vigilys product.  Terms of the agreement require PDSG to pay Avot four milestone payments of $50,000 each on approximately September 1, approximately October 1, approximately November 1 and approximately December 1, 2009.  In connection with the agreement, Avot will provide us 1,000,000 warrants with an exercise price of $0.05 per share and a 36 month exercise period.  The warrants are to be issued in four 250,000 installments consistent with the milestone payments.  On September 11, 2009, PDSG paid Avot $50,000 pursuant to terms of the agreement.

On September 16, 2009, $2,500,000 of our ARS was redeemed by the issuers at par.

On October 5, 2009, we terminated our CEO and our V.P. of Business Development.  The 2,000,000 performance options granted to our CEO that had not yet vested were cancelled.  As of the date of this filing, a separation agreement for our former CEO has not been executed.

On October 5, 2009, our CFO was named as Interim President and CEO of the company.


 
36

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION AND THE REST OF  THIS REPORT ON FORM 10-Q INCLUDES FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS WITH RESPECT TO OUR FUTURE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE. ACTUAL RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE CURRENTLY ANTICIPATED AND FROM HISTORICAL RESULTS DEPENDING UPON A VARIETY OF FACTORS, INCLUDING THOSE DESCRIBED BELOW UNDER THE SUB-HEADING, "RISK FACTORS". SEE ALSO OUR ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FOR THE YEAR ENDED MAY 31, 2009.

Overview

In June 2005, we entered into a series of agreements with Technology Properties Limited (“TPL”) and others to facilitate the pursuit of unlicensed users of our intellectual property. We intend to continue our joint venture with TPL to pursue license agreements with unlicensed users of our technology. We believe that utilizing the option of working through TPL, as compared to creating and using our own licensing team for those activities, avoids a competitive devaluation of our principal assets and is a prudent way to achieve the desired results as we seek to obtain fair value from users of our intellectual property.

With the proceeds generated by these licensing efforts, we are undertaking to make investments in technologies, and acquisitions of companies operating in the electronics technology market sector which may include i) selective expansion of our intellectual property portfolio, ii) pursuit of strategic minority investments in certain early-stage revenue or technology ventures that represent a technology or capability of interest to us, and iii) acquiring entire companies.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which require us to make estimates and judgments that significantly affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could affect the results of operations reported in future periods. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our most significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

1.           Revenue Recognition

Historically we recognized revenue from the sale of our microprocessor chips upon shipment to the customer, at which time title transferred and we had no further obligations.  We discontinued the sale of our microprocessor chips during the first fiscal quarter of 2009. Revenue from technology license agreements is recognized at the time a contract is entered into, the license method is determined (paid-in-advance or on-going royalty), and the customer is provided with the licensed technology, if applicable.  Fees for maintenance or support are recorded on a straight-line basis over the underlying period of performance.

Our wholly-owned subsidiary Partiot Data Solutions Group, Inc. (“PDSG”) sells software and services to end users primarily through relationships with systems integrators and prime contractors.  PDSG recognizes revenue in accordance with American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) Statement of Position (“SOP”) No. 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, and all related amendments and interpretations.  PDSG’s revenue is derived primarily from the following sources: (i) software licensing, (ii) related professional services, and (iii) post contract customer support (“PCS”) agreements.  PCS agreements typically include software updates, on a when and if available basis, and telephone and Internet access to technical support personnel. Software updates provide customers with rights to unspecified software product upgrades and to maintenance releases and patches released during the term of the support period. Revenue for support services is recognized on a straight-line basis over the support period.


 
37

 

When a sale involves multiple elements, PDSG allocates the entire fee from the arrangement to each respective element based on its Vendor Specific Objective Evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value and recognizes revenue when each element’s revenue recognition criteria are met. VSOE of fair value for each element is established based on the price charged when the same element is sold separately.  PDSG has not yet demonstrated VSOE for the professional services that are rendered in conjunction with its software license sales.  Accordingly, we have combined their presentation on our consolidated statements of operations under the caption “License and service revenue.”  

The majority of PDSG’s contracts with customers, including systems integrators and prime contractors, are multiple element arrangements which contain professional services that are considered essential to the functionality of the other elements of the arrangement.  PDSG accounts for revenue on these arrangements according to the provisions of SOP 81-1, Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts. Under SOP 81-1, PDSG recognizes revenue based on progress towards contract completion measured by actual hours incurred in relation to the estimate of total expected hours. PDSG measures SOP 81-1 revenues by applying the contract-specific estimated percentage of completion to the total contract amount for software and professional services.  PDSG routinely updates the estimates of future hours for agreements in process and reports any cumulative effects of such adjustments in current operations. PDSG immediately recognizes any loss expected on these contracts when it is projected that a loss is probable.

In certain situations where PDSG’s customer contracts contain acceptance criteria or other conditions that are deemed adverse to the probability of collection, revenues recognized are limited to the amount of cash already collected.

Prior to its deconsolidation, Holocom, Inc. (“Holocom”) recognized revenue upon shipment of its product or upon receipt of its product by the customer when shipped FOB destination and recognized revenue on its short-term installation contracts as time and materials costs were incurred.

2.           Assessment of Contingent Liabilities

We are involved in various legal matters, disputes, and patent infringement claims which arise in the ordinary course of our business. We accrue for any estimated losses at the time when we can make a reliable estimate of such loss and it is probable that it has been incurred. By their very nature, contingencies are difficult to estimate. We continually evaluate information related to all contingencies to determine that the basis on which we have recorded our estimated exposure is appropriate.

3.           Stock Options and Warrants

On June 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, which establishes standards for the accounting of transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, primarily focusing on accounting for transactions where an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions. SFAS No. 123(R) requires a public entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments, including stock options, based on the grant-date fair value of the award and to recognize it as compensation expense over the period the employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period.

Stock-based compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the grant date fair value of the portion of share-based payment awards ultimately expected to vest during the period in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R). As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of operations is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. SFAS No. 123(R) requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.  The estimated average forfeiture rate for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008 of approximately 5% was based on historical forfeiture experience and estimated future employee forfeitures. The estimated term of option grants for the three  months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008 was five years.


 
38

 

4.           Income Taxes

We must assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, we must increase our provision for taxes by recording a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets that we estimate will not ultimately be recoverable. We believe that a substantial majority of the deferred tax assets recorded on our balance sheet will ultimately be recovered. However, should there be a change in our ability to recover the deferred tax assets; the tax provision would increase in the period in which we determined that the recovery was not probable.

Additionally, we adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, or FIN 48, on June 1, 2007, the first day of fiscal 2008.  FIN 48 seeks to reduce the diversity in practice associated with certain aspects of measurement and recognition in accounting for income taxes.  FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement requirement for the financial statement recognition of a tax position that has been taken or is expected to be taken on a tax return and also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.  Under FIN 48 we may only recognize tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold.

5.           Investments in Affiliated Companies

We have a 50% interest in Phoenix Digital Solutions, LLC (“PDS”). We account for our investment using the equity method of accounting since the investment provides us the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee. Significant influence is generally deemed to exist if we have an ownership interest in the voting stock of the investee of between 20% and 50%, although other factors, such as representation on the investee’s Board of Directors, are considered in determining whether the equity method of accounting is appropriate. Under the equity method of accounting, the investment, originally recorded at cost, is adjusted to recognize our share of net earnings or losses of the investee and is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the caption “Equity in earnings (loss) of affiliated companies.”

We have a 39.4% interest in Talis Data Systems, LLC (“Talis”).  Prior to the write down of our investment in Talis we were accounting for our investment using the equity method of accounting pursuant to paragraph 8 of SOP 78-9, Accounting for Investments in Real Estate Ventures (which has applicability to non-real estate accounting matters as well).  Under the equity method of accounting, the investment, originally recorded at cost, was adjusted to recognize our share of net earnings or losses of the investee and was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the caption “Equity in earnings (loss) of affiliated companies.”

We own 37.1% of the preferred stock of Avot Media, Inc. (“Avot”).  This investment is accounted for at cost since we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of Avot.

We own 100% of the preferred stock of Holocom.  This investment has historically been accounted for at cost since we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of Holocom. Due to a re-consideration event on May 1, 2009, this investment is carried at cost plus the effects of deconsolidation of this variable interest entity on our August 31, 2009 condensed consolidated balance sheet.

We review our investments in these affiliated companies to determine whether events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The primary factors we consider in our determination are the financial condition, operating performance and near term prospects of the investees. If the decline in value is deemed to be other than temporary, we would recognize an impairment loss.
The inability of Talis to meet its business plan and to raise capital and the general economic environment were indicators of impairment on our investment; accordingly at August 31, 2009, management obtained a third party valuation of Talis from Vantage Point Advisors, Inc.  Based on the results of the valuation, it was determined that our investment in Talis was impaired by approximately $680,000.  We have recorded this as an impairment of investment in affiliated company on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2009.

 
39

 

6.  Business Combinations and Intangible Assets Including Goodwill 

We account for business combinations using the purchase method of accounting and accordingly, the assets and liabilities of the acquired entities are recorded at their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets, including the amount assigned to identifiable intangible assets. Due to the time it takes to obtain pertinent information to finalize the acquired company’s balance sheet, it may be several quarters before we are able to finalize the initial fair value estimates. Accordingly, it is not uncommon for the initial estimates to be subsequently revised. The results of operations of acquired businesses are included in our consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date.

Identifiable intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight line basis. Goodwill and intangible assets are tested for impairment on an annual basis, or sooner if an indicator of impairment occurs.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended August 31, 2009 and Three Months Ended August 31, 2008.

Consolidated:

   
Three Months Ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Revenues:
           
Product sales and other
  $ -     $ 1,358,646  
License and service revenue
    97,035       -  
Total revenues
    97,035       1,358,646  
                 
Cost of sales:
               
Product sales and other
    -       584,253  
License and service revenue
    31,983       -  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    206,688       -  
Total cost of sales
    238,671       584,253  
Gross profit (loss)
  $ (141,636 )   $ 774,393  

Segment Results:

   
Three months ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
 
                       
Holocom:
 
Dollars
   
% of Revenue
   
Dollars
   
% of Revenue
 
Revenues - Product sales and other
  $ -       -     $ 1,319,366       100.0%  
Cost of sales
    -       -       584,253       44.3%  
Gross profit
  $ -       -     $ 735,113       55.7%  
                                 
PDSG:
                               
License and service revenue
  $ 97,035       100.0%     $ -       -  
Cost of sales
    31,983       33.0%       -       -  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    206,688       -       -       -  
Gross loss
  $ (141,636 )     -     $ -       -  
                                 
PTSC:
                               
Revenues - Product sales and other
  $ -       -     $ 39,280       100.0%  
Cost of sales
    -       -       -       -  
Gross profit
  $ -       -     $ 39,280       100.0%  


 
40

 

Holocom

During the three months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded sales amounting to approximately $1,319,000 by our then consolidated variable interest entity, Holocom, with cost of sales amounting to approximately $584,000.  Due to a re-consideration event we deconsolidated Holocom in May 2009.

PDSG

We acquired PDSG in a series of transactions in the second, third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2009.  Revenue consists of software licenses and associated services relating to PDSG’s CDX data agent product and the Sherlock™ software  tool for medical facilities.  Cost of sales includes the direct time of PDSG employees on each project as well as outside contractors. Included in cost of sales is approximately $206,700 of amortization expense on purchased intangible assets.

PTSC

During the three months ended August 31, 2008, we recognized maintenance fee revenues totaling $6,250 in connection with an agreement with AMD Corporation during the 2005 fiscal year. The agreement called for maintenance fees totaling $100,000 connected with a license agreement for our Ignite technology; the license fee revenue was being recognized as revenue evenly over the four year period of the license, which ended in February 2009.

In addition during the three months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded sales of approximately $33,000 from the sale of microprocessor chips that we no longer market. Inventory associated with the sales of these microprocessor chips is carried at zero value.  Our final sales of microprocessor chips occurred during the quarter ended August 31, 2008.

Consolidated

Our revenues decreased from approximately $1,359,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2008 to approximately $97,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2009, primarily due to the deconsolidation of Holocom. Our revenue amounts do not include income of approximately $6,622,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2008 and loss of approximately $243,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2009 from our investment in PDS and losses of approximately $63,100 and $21,700, respectively, for the three months ended August 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively, from our investment in Talis.

Consolidated:

   
Three months ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Research and development
  $ 314,197     $ -  

PDSG

Research and development costs consist of PDSG’s payroll and related expenses for software engineers as well as outside contractors retained to assist in the development of PDSG’s software product.  For the three months ended August 31, 2009, approximately $1,200 of non-cash compensation was recorded in connection with vesting of employee stock options in accordance with SFAS 123(R).

Consolidated:

   
Three months ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Selling, general and administrative
  $ 1,927,795     $ 1,930,805  


 
41

 

Segment Results:
   
Three months ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Holocom:
           
Selling, general and administrative
  $ -     $ 617,660  
PDSG:
               
Selling, general and administrative
  $ 1,010,348     $ -  
PTSC:
               
Selling, general and administrative
  $ 917,447     $ 1,313,145  

Holocom

During the three months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded selling, general and administrative expenses amounting to approximately $618,000 by our then consolidated variable interest entity, Holocom.  Due to a re-consideration event we deconsolidated Holocom in May 2009 (see Note 12).

PDSG

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended August 31, 2009 consist of approximately $670,000 of payroll and related expenses for the sales and administrative employees, approximately $43,000 of travel and related expenses for the sales employees, approximately $120,000 for consultants, and approximately $50,000 for rent expense.  For the three months ended August 31, 2009, approximately $15,000 of non-cash compensation was recorded in connection with vesting of employee stock options in accordance with SFAS 123(R).

PTSC

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased from approximately $1,313,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2008 to approximately $917,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2009, primarily  due to the preparations for acquisition of PDSG in the prior year.  The decrease consisted of approximately $190,000 in legal and accounting expense, approximately $90,000 in consulting expense and approximately $17,000 in public and investor relations expenses.  These decreases were offset by increases in payroll and related expenses of approximately $27,000, and approximately $9,000 in travel and related expenses.  For the three months ended August 31, 2009, approximately $22,000 of non-cash compensation was recorded in connection with vesting of employee stock options in accordance with SFAS 123(R) as compared to approximately $108,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2008.

Consolidated

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased from approximately $1,931,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2008 to approximately $1,928,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2009.

Consolidated:
   
Three months ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
 Other income (expense):
           
Interest and other income
  $ 42,928     $ 112,846  
Impairment of investment in affiliated company
    (680,292 )     -  
Interest expense
    (20,640 )     (4,622 )
Equity in earnings (loss) of affiliated companies
    (264,558 )     6,558,770  
             Total other income (expense), net
  $ (922,562 )   $ 6,666,994  


 
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Segment Results:
   
Three months ended
 
   
August 31, 2009
   
August 31, 2008
 
Holocom:
           
Interest and other income
  $ -     $ 381  
Interest expense
    -       (9 )
Total other income (expense), net
  $ -     $ 372  
PDSG:
               
Interest and other income
  $ 9,336     $ -  
Interest expense
    -       -  
Total other income (expense), net
  $ 9,336     $ -  
PTSC:
               
Interest and other income
  $ 33,592     $ 112,465  
Impairment of investment in affiliated company
    (680,292 )     -  
Interest expense
    (20,640 )     (4,613 )
Equity in earnings (loss) of affiliated companies
    (264,558 )     6,558,770  
Total other income (expense), net
  $ (931,898 )   $ 6,666,622  

Consolidated

Our other income and expenses for the three months ended August 31, 2009 included equity in the loss of PDS consisting of net loss after expenses in the amount of approximately $243,000 and our share of loss in Talis consisting of approximately $22,000 after expenses.  For the three months ended August 31, 2008, our other income and expenses included our share of income in PDS of approximately $6,622,000 and our share of loss in Talis of approximately $63,000. Our investments in PDS and Talis are accounted for in accordance with the equity method of accounting for investments. Total other income and expense for the three months ended August 31, 2009 amounted to net other expenses of approximately $932,000 compared with net other income of approximately $6,667,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2008. Interest income and other income decreased from approximately $112,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2008 to approximately $34,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2009 due to declines in interest rates for our cash, cash equivalents and long term investment accounts.  For the three months ended August 31, 2009, we recorded an impairment of our investment in Talis of approximately $681,000.

During the three months ended August 31, 2009 we recorded a benefit for income taxes of approximately $1,321,000 and during the three months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded a provision for income taxes of approximately $2,380,000 related to federal and California taxes.

We recorded a net loss for the three months ended August 31, 2009 of $1,985,079 compared with net income of $3,209,513 for the three months ended August 31, 2008.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Our cash and short-term investment balances increased from approximately $6,265,000 as of May 31, 2009  to approximately $8,224,000 as of August 31, 2009. We also have restricted cash balances amounting to approximately $52,000 as of May 31, 2009 and August 31, 2009. Total current assets increased from approximately $8,065,000 as of May 31, 2009 to approximately $9,835,000  as of August 31, 2009. Total current liabilities amounted to approximately $1,034,000 and approximately $797,000 as of May 31, 2009 and August 31, 2009, respectively. The change in our current position as of August 31, 2009 as compared with May 31, 2009 results in part from our receipt of approximately $3,667,000 in distributions from PDS.

During June 2008, we obtained a credit facility for as long as needed, which provides for financing up to 50% of the par value balance of our outstanding auction rate securities. The facility is collateralized by the full value of the outstanding auction rate securities, required no origination fee, and when drawn upon will bear interest at the federal funds rate plus 3%.  On October 14, 2008, we borrowed $3,000,000 on the credit facility.  The amount we can borrow against our collateral, currently $4,200,000, is limited by FINRA (see Note 13).

 
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Current global economic conditions have resulted in increased volatility in the financial markets.  The cost of accessing the credit markets has increased as many lenders and institutional investors have increased interest rates, enacted tighter lending standards, and reduced or ceased to provide funding to borrowers.  Adverse changes in the economy could limit our ability to obtain financing from debt or equity sources or could adversely affect the terms on which we may be able to obtain any such financing.  Currently, we have sufficient resources to fund our operations through at least the next twelve months.

Cash Flows From Operating Activities

Cash used in operating activities for the three months ended August 31, 2009 was approximately $2,298,000 as compared with cash used in operating activities for the three months ended August 31, 2008 of approximately $985,000. The principal components of the current period amount were: impairment of  investment in affiliated company of approximately $680,000, loss in earnings of affiliated companies of approximately $265,000 and amortization and depreciation of approximately $222,000.  These increases were offset by: net loss of approximately $1,985,000, changes in deferred income taxes of approximately $1,400,000 and changes in accounts payable and accrued expenses of approximately $214,000.  The change in results over the prior period is mainly attributable to the current period loss in PDS as compared to income provided by PDS during the three months ended August 31, 2008.

Cash Flows From Investing Activities

Cash provided by investing activities was approximately $4,300,000 and $3,894,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. While we experienced a decrease in distributions received from PDS for the three months ended August 31, 2009 as compared to the three months ended August 31, 2008, the increase in cash provided by investing activities was mainly attributable to a decrease in investments in affiliated companies.  Cash used during the three months ended August 31, 2009 included approximately $67,000 in purchases of fixed assets, approximately $33,000 in purchases of Talis membership units and approximately $55,000 in note receivable advances to Avot.

Cash Flows From Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008 was approximately $6,000 and $575,000, respectively.  For the three months ended August 31, 2009, cash of approximately $5,500 was used to purchase common stock for treasury.

Capital Resources

Our current resources as of August 31, 2009 are expected to provide the funds necessary to support our operations through at least the next twelve months.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

In September 2009, we entered into an agreement with Avot in which Avot will develop a software package for PDSG’s Vigilys product.  Terms of the agreement require PDSG to pay Avot four milestone payments of $50,000 each on approximately September 1, approximately October 1, approximately November 1 and approximately December 1, 2009.  In connection with the agreement, Avot will provide us 1,000,000 warrants with an exercise price of $0.05 per share and a 36 month exercise period.  The warrants are to be issued in four 250,000 installments consistent with the milestone payments.  On September 11, 2009 PDSG paid Avot $50,000 pursuant to terms of the agreement.


 
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), Business Combinations. SFAS No. 141(R) requires acquiring entities in a business combination to recognize the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction; establishes the acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed; and requires the acquirer to disclose to investors the information it needs to evaluate and understand the nature and financial effect of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements. SFAS No. 160 requires entities to report noncontrolling (minority) interests in subsidiaries as equity in the consolidated financial statements. SFAS No. 160 is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities requires entities to provide greater transparency about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133, and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. The statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets.  The FSP amends the factors that must be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life over which to amortize the cost of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. The FSP requires an entity to consider its own assumptions about renewal or extension of the term of the arrangement, consistent with its expected use of the asset, and is an attempt to improve consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. The FSP is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and the guidance for determining the useful life of a recognized intangible asset must be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. The adoption of this FSP did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP EITF No. 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities. Under the FSP, unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities, and should be included in the two-class method of computing EPS. The FSP is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  The adoption of this FSP did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments. This FSP provides additional guidance designed to create greater clarity and consistency in accounting and presenting impairment losses on securities. The FSP is intended to bring greater consistency to the timing of impairment recognition, and provide greater clarity to investors about the credit and noncredit components of impaired debt securities that are not expected to be sold. The measure of impairment in comprehensive income remains fair value. The FSP also requires increased and more timely disclosures regarding expected cash flows, credit losses, and an aging of securities with unrealized losses. The FSP is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009.  The adoption of this FSP did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.


 
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In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R).  The objective of this statement is to improve financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities.  The statement is effective as of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009.  We expect to adopt this standard on June 1, 2010 and do not expect the standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, The FASB Accounting Standards Codification™ and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles – a Replacement of FASB Statement No. 162.  The Codification will become the source of authoritative U.S. GAAP.  The statement is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  We expect to adopt this standard with the filing of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended November 30, 2009 and do not expect the standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In July 2009, the FASB issued EITF 09-3, Applicability of AICPA Statement of Position 97-2 to Certain Arrangements That Contain Software Elements, which amends the scope of AICPA Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition and EITF 03-5, Applicability of AICPA Statement of Position  97-2 to Non-Software Deliverables in an Arrangement Containing More-Than-Incidental Software to exclude  all tangible products containing both software and non-software components that function together to deliver the product’s essential functionality. EITF 09-3 is effective for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010 and shall be applied on a prospective basis. Earlier application is permitted as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year provided it has not previously issued financial statements for any period within that year. We expect to adopt EITF 09-3 on June 1, 2011 and do not expect EITF 09-3 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In September 2009, the FASB ratified EITF 08-1, Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables, which requires companies to allocate revenue in arrangements involving multiple deliverables based on the estimated selling price of each deliverable, even though such deliverables are not sold separately either by  the company itself or other vendors. EITF 08-1 eliminates the requirement that all undelivered elements must have objective and reliable evidence of fair value before a company can recognize the portion of the overall arrangement fee that is attributable to items that already have been delivered. As a result, the new guidance may allow some companies to recognize revenue on transactions that involve multiple deliverables earlier than under current requirements. EITF 08-1 is effective for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2009. Early adoption is permitted at the beginning of a company’s fiscal year. We expect to adopt EITF 08-1 on June 1, 2010 and do not expect EITF 08-1 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Risk Factors

We urge you to carefully consider the following discussion of risks as well as other information regarding our common stock. We believe the following to be our most significant risk factors as of the date this report is being filed. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face.  Please refer to our risk factors contained in our Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2009 for additional factors.


We have entered into license agreements through our joint venture with TPL and have reported income as a result of this activity for the fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007. Because of the uncertain nature of the negotiations that lead to license revenues, pending litigation with companies which we allege have infringed on our patent portfolio, the possibility of legislative action regarding patent rights, potential adverse outcomes associated with USPTO re-examinations, and the possible effect of new judicial interpretations of patent laws, we may not receive revenues from such agreements in the future consistent with amounts received in the past, and we may not receive future revenues from license agreements at all.


 
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We Are Dependent Upon A Joint Venture In Which Our Role Is Of A Passive Nature For Substantially All Of Our Income

In June 2005, we entered into a joint venture with TPL, pursuant to which TPL is responsible for the licensing and enforcement of our microprocessor patent portfolio. This joint venture has been the source of  substantially all of our income since June 2005. Therefore, in light of the absence of significant revenue from other sources, we should be regarded as entirely dependent on the success or failure of the licensing and prosecution efforts of TPL on behalf of the joint venture.

A Successful Challenge To Our Intellectual Property Rights Could Have A Significant And Adverse Effect On Us

A successful challenge to our ownership of our technology or the proprietary nature of our intellectual property could materially damage our business prospects. We rely on a combination of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to protect our intellectual property rights. We currently have seven U.S. patents, one European patent, and one Japanese patent issued. Any issued patent may be challenged and invalidated. Patents may not be issued for any of our pending applications. Any claims allowed from existing or pending patents may not be of sufficient scope or strength to provide significant protection for our products. Patents may not be issued in all countries where our products can be sold so as to provide meaningful protection or any commercial advantage to us. Our competitors may also be able to design around our patents.

Vigorous protection and pursuit of intellectual property rights or positions characterize the fiercely competitive semiconductor industry, which has resulted in significant and often protracted and expensive litigation. Therefore, our competitors and others may assert that our technologies or products infringe on their patents or proprietary rights. Persons we believe are infringing our patents are likely to vigorously defend their actions and assert that our patents are invalid. Problems with patents or other rights could result in significant costs, limit future license revenue, and impair or hinder our acquisition strategy. If infringement claims against us are deemed valid or if our infringement claims are successfully opposed, we may not be able to obtain appropriate licenses on acceptable terms or at all. Litigation could be costly and time-consuming but may be necessary to protect our future patent and/or technology license positions or to defend against infringement claims.  From time to time parties have petitioned the U. S. Patent and Trademark Office to re-examine certain of our patents. An adverse decision in litigation or in the re-examination process could have a very significant and adverse effect on our business.

We have been named as co-defendants in multiple lawsuits regarding the MMP Portfolio.  See footnote 15 to our consolidated financial statements and Part II, Item 1. “Legal Proceedings” in this Report on Form 10-Q for more information.

We May Not Be Successful In Identifying Acquisition Candidates And If We Undertake Acquisitions, They Could Increase Our Costs Or Liabilities And Impair Our Revenue And Operating Results
 
One of our strategies has been to pursue growth through acquisitions. We may not be able to identify suitable acquisition candidates at prices that we consider appropriate. If we do identify an appropriate acquisition candidate, we may not be able to successfully negotiate the terms of the acquisition or finance the acquisition on terms that are satisfactory to us. Negotiations of potential acquisitions and the integration of acquired business operations could disrupt our business by diverting management attention from day-to-day operations. Acquisitions of businesses or other material operations may require debt or equity financing, resulting in leverage or dilution of ownership. We may encounter increased competition for acquisitions, which may increase the price of our acquisitions.
 

 
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Integration of acquisitions requires significant management time and financial resources. Any failure to properly integrate and manage businesses we acquire could seriously harm our operating results. In addition, acquired companies may not perform as well as we expect, and we may fail to realize anticipated benefits. In connection with acquisitions, we may issue Common Stock that would dilute our current stockholders’ ownership and incur debt and other costs which may cause our quarterly operating results to vary significantly. The dilution of our current stockholders’ ownership may be exacerbated if our per share stock price is depressed and Common Stock is issued in connection with acquisitions.
 
If we are unable to successfully integrate companies we acquire, our revenue and operating results could suffer. The integration of such businesses into our operations may result in unforeseen operating difficulties, may absorb significant management attention and may require significant financial resources that would otherwise be available for other business purposes. These difficulties of integration may require us to coordinate geographically dispersed organizations, integrate personnel with disparate business backgrounds and reconcile different corporate cultures. In addition, we may not be successful in achieving anticipated synergies from these acquisitions.  We may experience increased attrition, including, but not limited to, key employees of the acquired companies, during and following the integration of acquired companies that could reduce our future revenue.
 
In addition, we may need to record write-downs from future impairments to the carrying value of minority investments, intangible assets and goodwill, which could reduce our future reported earnings. Acquired companies may have liabilities or adverse operating issues that we fail to discover through due diligence prior to the acquisition. In particular, to the extent that prior owners of any acquired businesses or properties failed to comply with or otherwise violated applicable laws or regulations, or failed to fulfill their contractual obligations to their customers or clients, we, as the successor owner, may be financially responsible for these violations and failures and may suffer reputational harm or otherwise be adversely affected. The discovery of any material liabilities associated with our acquisitions could cause us to incur additional expenses and cause a reduction in our operating profits.  Further, the inability of our minority investees to obtain funding as a result of disruptions in the debt and equity markets may impair their ability to operate as going concerns and may result in additional write-downs to the carrying value of these assets.

Disruptions In The Debt And Equity Markets Will Have An Adverse Affect On Our Ability To Obtain Funding

The debt and equity markets have been experiencing extreme volatility and disruption for more than twelve months.  These issues, along with significant write-offs in the financial services sector, the re-pricing of credit risk, and the current weak economic conditions have made, and will likely continue to make, it difficult to obtain funding.  The cost of accessing the credit markets has increased as many lenders and institutional investors have increased interest rates, enacted tighter lending standards, and reduced or ceased to provide funding to borrowers.  Adverse changes in the economy could limit our ability to obtain financing from debt or equity sources or could adversely affect the terms on which we may be able to obtain any such financing for our operating activities and acquisitions.  See Part I – Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Liquidity and Capital Resources-Liquidity.” in this report on Form 10-Q for more information.

Unstable Market And Economic Conditions May Have Serious Adverse Consequences On Our Business

Our general business strategy may be adversely affected by the recent economic downturn and volatile business environment and continued unpredictable and unstable market conditions. A prolonged or profound economic downturn may result in adverse changes to our sales and pricing, which would harm our operating results. Failure to secure any necessary financing in a timely manner and on favorable terms could have a material adverse effect on our growth strategy, financial performance and stock price and could require us to delay or abandon development plans. There is also a possibility that our stock price may decline further, due in part to the volatility of the stock market and the general economic downturn.


 
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Changes In Our Relationships With Companies In Which We Hold Less Than A Majority Interest Could Change The Way We Account For Such Interests In The Future

For our investments accounted for under the equity method (PDS and Talis), we record as part of other income or expense our share of the increase or decrease in the equity of these companies in which we have invested. Our investments in Avot and Holocom are recorded at cost basis.  It is possible that, in the future, our relationships and/or our interests in or with these equity method investees and our cost basis investees could change. Such potential future changes could result in deconsolidation or consolidation of such entities, as the case may be, which could result in changes in our reported results.

If A Large Number Of Our Shares Are Sold All At Once Or In Blocks, The Market Price Of Our Shares Would MostLikely Decline

Most of our shareholders are not restricted in the price at which they can sell their shares. Shares sold at a price below the current market price at which our Common Stock is trading may cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline.

A Significant Portion Of Our Investments Are Currently Illiquid, Which May Impact Our Acquisition Strategy And/Or Operating Results

Our long-term investment in marketable securities balance consists of auction rate securities with a par value of approximately $8.4 million as of the date of this filing, which at present are highly illiquid. In the event we need immediate access to these funds, we will not be able to sell these investments at par value. These instruments are expected to remain illiquid until a future auction of these investments is successful, buyers are found outside of the auction process, or they are redeemed by the issuing agencies. We have partially offset the consequences of this illiquidity by securing a line of credit collateralized by the auction rates securities; however the amount we can borrow against our collateral is limited by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). In the event these securities are deemed to be permanently impaired, we will be required to take a charge to operations in recognition of this impairment.

The Market For Our Stock Is Subject To Rules Relating To Low-Priced Stock (“Penny Stock”) Which May Limit Our Ability To Raise Capital

Our Common Stock is currently listed for trading in the FINRA Over-The-Counter Bulletin (“OTC”) Board Market and is subject to the “penny stock rules” adopted pursuant to Section 15(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In general, the penny stock rules apply to non-NASDAQ or non-national stock exchange companies whose common stock trades at less than $5.00 per share or which have tangible net worth of less than $5,000,000 ($2,000,000 if the company has been operating for three or more years). Such rules require, among other things, that brokers who trade “penny stock” on behalf of persons other than “established customers” complete certain documentation, make suitability inquiries of investors and provide investors with certain information concerning trading in the security, including a risk disclosure document, quote information, broker’s commission information and rights and remedies available to investors in penny stocks. Many brokers have decided not to trade “penny stock” because of the requirements of the penny stock rules, and as a result, the number of broker-dealers willing to act as market makers in such securities is limited. The “penny stock rules,” therefore, may have an adverse impact on the market for our Common Stock and may affect our ability to raise additional capital if we decide to do so.

Our Share Price Could Decline As A Result Of Short Sales

When an investor sells stock that he does not own, it is known as a short sale. The seller, anticipating that the price of the stock will go down, intends to buy stock to cover his sale at a later date. If the price of the stock goes down, the seller will profit to the extent of the difference between the price at which he originally sold it less his later purchase price. Short sales enable the seller to profit in a down market. Short sales could place significant downward pressure on the price of our Common Stock. Penny stocks which do not trade on an exchange, such as our Common Stock, are particularly susceptible to short sales.
 
 
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Our Future Success Depends In Significant Part Upon The Continued Services Of Our Key Senior Management

Our future success depends in significant part upon the continued services of our key senior management personnel. The competition for highly qualified personnel is intense, and we may not be able to retain our key managerial employees or attract and retain additional highly qualified technical and managerial personnel in the future. None of our employees are represented by a labor union, and we consider our relations with our employees to be good. None of our employees are covered by key man life insurance policies.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest rate risk

The primary objective of our investment activities is to maintain surplus cash in accounts that provide a high level of funds accessibility in large, respected financial institutions with asset safety as a primary consideration. Accordingly, we maintain our cash and cash equivalents with high quality financial institutions. Amounts deposited with these institutions may exceed federal depository insurance limits.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We maintain cash and cash equivalents in institutional money market accounts. In general, money market funds are not subject to interest rate risk because the interest paid on these funds fluctuates with the prevailing interest rate.

Our commercial checking account is linked to a sweep account. This sweep account is maintained by our financial institution in an offshore account located in the Cayman Islands. This sweep account is a deposit liability of our financial institution, the funds are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”); in liquidation the funds have a lesser preference than deposits held in the United States, and the funds are subject to cross-border risks.

Auction Rate Securities

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our auction rate securities.  During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2009, investment banks were reporting an inability to successfully obtain subscribers for high credit quality auction rate securities.  As of the date of this filing, we held such auction rate securities with a par value totaling $8.4 million that failed to sell at auction. During June 2009 and September 2009, auction rate securities with a par value of $750,000 and $2,500,000, respectively, were redeemed by the issuers at par value.  In the event we need to access funds invested in these auction rate securities we will not be able to liquidate these securities until a future auction of these securities is successful, they are refinanced and redeemed by the issuers, or a buyer is found outside of the auction process.  The investments consist of student loan auction rate instruments issued by various state agencies pursuant to the Federal Family Educational Loan Program (“FFELP”).  These investments are of high credit quality and the AAA credit ratings of the investments have been reaffirmed since August 2009.  These instruments are collateralized in excess of the underlying obligations, are insured by the various state educational agencies, and are guaranteed by the Department of Education as an insurer of last resort.

At August 31, 2009, the fair value of our auction rate securities was estimated at $10 million based on a valuation by Houlihan Smith & Company, Inc.  We recorded the net temporary valuation adjustment of $530,147 in other comprehensive income, which represents the gross valuation adjustment of $886,788, net of the related tax benefit of $356,641.  We have concluded that the unrealized losses on these investments are temporary because (i) we believe that the decline in market value and absence of liquidity that has occurred is due to general market conditions, (ii) the auction rate securities continue to be of a high credit quality and interest is paid as due and (iii) we do not intend to sell our auction rate securities before we are able to recover our cost basis and it is more likely than not that we will not have to sell our auction rate securities before recovery of our cost basis.  Since this valuation adjustment is deemed to be temporary, it did not affect our earnings for the three months ended August 31, 2009 and 2008.

 
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We are not currently able to predict how long these investments will remain illiquid, and as such, they have been classified as long-term investments in marketable securities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at August 31, 2009 and May 31, 2009.

The fair value of our long-term investments in marketable securities could change significantly in the future and we may be required to record other-than-temporary impairment charges or additional unrealized losses in future periods.

We do not believe that the illiquidity of these investments will materially impact our ability to fund our working capital needs, capital expenditures or other business requirements.

During June 2008 we obtained a credit facility which provides for financing up to 50% of the par value balance of our outstanding auction rate securities. The facility is collateralized by the full value of the outstanding auction rate securities, required no origination fee, and when drawn upon will bear interest at the federal funds rate plus 3%.  On October 14, 2008 we drew $3,000,000 on the credit facility.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Quarterly Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, as of August 31, 2009, the end of the period to which this quarterly report relates, we have carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures.  This evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer.
 
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.  Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.  Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of August 31, 2009, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 

 
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PART II- OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Patent Litigation

Our patent litigation with TPL and Alliacense Ltd. in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against Acer, Inc., HTC Corporation and affiliated entities, as described in Item 3 - Legal Proceedings in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2009 ("Annual Report"), is still ongoing, but there have been no material developments in such litigation since our Annual Report.
 
Our patent litigation with TPL and Alliacense Ltd. in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against Barco, N.V., as described in Item 3 - Legal Proceedings in our Annual Report, is still ongoing, but there have been no material developments in such litigation since our Annual Report.

Deutsche Bank Arbitration

Our arbitration claims before FINRA against Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc. and affiliates, as described in Item 3 - Legal Proceedings in our Annual Report, is still ongoing, but there have been no material developments in such arbitration since our Annual Report.

Crossflo Systems, Inc. Litigation

Under the terms of our Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") with Crossflo, and certain of its principal officers, an escrow account was established to hold back approximately 10% of the merger consideration payable to the shareholders of Crossflo (the "Escrow Merger Consideration").  We contend that certain representations and warranties made by Crossflo and certain of its principal officers in the Merger Agreement were false when made, and were false as of the closing of the merger.  We submitted a demand to the escrow agent on August 31, 2009 not to release the Escrow Merger Consideration to the Crossflo shareholders and to instead return it to us.  Enough Crossflo shareholders have opposed our demand that the escrow consideration has not been released to either side.

On August 31, 2009, we initiated an arbitration proceeding before the American Arbitration Association against the three Crossflo principal officers who were signatories to the Merger Agreement for having provided false representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement and for nondisclosure of information about Crossflo during the due diligence process leading up to the Merger.  Those three principal officers have not responded to the arbitration claim as of the date of this filing which is deemed to be a denial of such claim.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Please see Part I, Item 2, above, for our risk factors.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On April 28, 2006, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program.  We commenced the program in July 2006 and plan to repurchase outstanding shares of our common stock on the open market from time to time.  As part of the program, we purchased 50,000 shares of our common stock at an aggregate cost of $5,513 during the three months ended August 31, 2009.


 
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Following is a summary of all repurchases by us of our common stock during the three month period ended August 31, 2009:

Period
 
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
 
Average Price Paid
per Share
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
June 1 – 30, 2009
    --       $ --         --    
July 1 – 31, 2009
    50,000     $ 0.11       50,000  
August 1 – 31, 2009
    --       $ --  -       --    
Total
    50,000     $ 0.11       50,000  

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

None.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

Those exhibits marked with an asterisk (*) refer to exhibits filed herewith. The other exhibits are incorporated herein by reference, as indicated in the following list.
 
Exhibit No.
 
Document
2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger dated August 4, 2008, among Patriot Scientific Corporation, PTSC Acquisition 1 Corp, Crossflo Systems, Inc. and the Crossflo principal officers, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 11, 2008 (Commission file No. 000-22182)
 
3.1
 
Original Articles of incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation’s predecessor, Patriot Financial Corporation, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Registration Statement on Form S-18, (Commission file No. 33-23143-FW)
 
3.2
 
Articles of Amendment of Patriot Financial Corporation, as filed with the Colorado Secretary of State on July 21, 1988, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Registration Statement on Form S-18, (Commission file No. 33-23143-FW)
 
3.3
 
Certificate of Incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on March 24, 1992, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 1992 (Commission file No. 33-23143-FW)
 
 
 
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3.3.1
 
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on April 18, 1995, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended May 31, 1995 (Commission file No. 000-22182)
 
3.3.2
 
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on June 24, 1997, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3.2 to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended May 31, 1997, filed July 18, 1997 (Commission file No. 000-22182)
 
3.3.3
 
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on April 28, 2000, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3.3 to Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed May 5, 2000 (Commission file No. 333-36418)
 
3.3.4
 
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on May 6, 2002, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3.4 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended February 28, 2009, filed April 9, 2009 (Commission file No. 000-22182)
 
3.3.5
 
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation,  as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on October 16, 2003, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3.5 to Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed May 21, 2004 (Commission file No. 333-115752)
 
3.3.6
 
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on April 29, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3.6 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended February 28, 2009, filed April 9, 2009 (Commission file No. 000-22182)
 
3.3.7
 
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on November 14, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3.7  to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended February 28, 2009, filed April 9, 2009 (Commission file No. 000-22182)
 
3.3.8
Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Patriot Scientific Corporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on March 18, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3.8 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2009, filed August 14, 2009 (Commission file No. 000-22182)
 
3.4
Articles and Certificate of Merger of Patriot Financial Corporation into Patriot Scientific Corporation dated May 1, 1992, with Agreement and Plan of Merger attached thereto as Exhibit A, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 1992 (Commission file No. 33-23143-FW)
 
3.5
Certificate of Merger issued by the Delaware Secretary of State on May 8, 1992, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 1992 (Commission file No. 33-23143-FW)
 
3.6
Certificate of Merger issued by the Colorado Secretary of State on May 12, 1992, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 1992 (Commission file No. 33-23143-FW)
 
3.7
Bylaws of the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.7 to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 1992 (Commission file No. 33-23143-FW)
 
23.1*
 
Consent of Independent Valuation Firm
 
23.2*
 
Consent of Independent Valuation Firm
 
31.1*
 
Certification of Clifford L. Flowers, Interim CEO, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
31.2*
 
Certification of Clifford L. Flowers, CFO, pursuant Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
32.1*
 
Certification of Clifford L. Flowers, CFO and Interim CEO, pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 Title 18 of the United States Code
 

 
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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
DATED:  October 9, 2009
PATRIOT SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
 
       
 
By:
/s/ CLIFFORD L. FLOWERS  
   
Clifford L. Flowers
 
   
Chief Financial Officer
 
   
(Duly Authorized and Principal Financial Officer)
 
 

 
 
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