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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 


 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 28, 2004

 

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission file numbers 33-89818, 33-96568, 333-08041, 333-57107, 333-52612 and 333-110521

 

CLUBCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   75-2778488
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
3030 LBJ Freeway, Suite 600   Dallas, Texas 75234
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (972) 243-6191

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. Yes x No ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨ No x

 

As of June 15, 2004, all of the registrant’s common stock was privately held, and there was no public market for the registrant’s common stock nor any publicly available quotations for the registrant’s common stock. As a result, the registrant is unable to calculate the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates as of June 15, 2004.

 

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of March 28, 2005 was 93,379,080.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

None.

 



Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     PART I     

Item 1

   Business    3

Item 2

   Properties    10

Item 3

   Legal Proceedings    11

Item 4

   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    11
     PART II     

Item 5

   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities    12

Item 6

   Selected Financial Data    13

Item 7

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    14

Item 7A

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk    31

Item 8

   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    32

Item 9

   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    32

Item 9A

   Controls and Procedures    32

Item 9B

   Other Information    32
     PART III     

Item 10

   Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant    33

Item 11

   Executive Compensation    36

Item 12

   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters    38

Item 13

   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions    40

Item 14

   Principal Accountant Fees and Services    40
     PART IV     

Item 15

   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules    41

 

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Part I

 

Item 1. Business

 

General

 

ClubCorp, Inc. (referred to as ClubCorp®, the Company, we, us and our throughout this document) is a holding company incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware that, through its subsidiaries, owns and operates premier golf and business clubs and destination golf resorts. As of December 28, 2004, we had more than 190,000 memberships and operated 99 country clubs, golf clubs and public golf facilities, three destination golf resorts and 65 business, sports and business/sports clubs in 27 states, Washington D.C. and three foreign countries. Marquee resorts and clubs in our portfolio include Pinehurst® Resort and Country Club in Pinehurst, North Carolina, The Homestead® Resort in Hot Springs, Virginia, Barton Creek Resort and Country Club in Austin, Texas, Firestone® Country Club in Akron, Ohio, Mission Hills® Country Club near Palm Springs, California, and The City Club on Bunker Hill in Los Angeles, California. Golf Digest, Golf Travel and other golf industry publications have consistently ranked several of our 150 golf courses and destination golf resorts among the best in the U.S.

 

Our operations are organized into three principal business segments: country club and golf facilities, resorts, and business and sports clubs. Other operations that are not assigned to a principal business segment include our real estate operations and our corporate services. Our primary sources of revenue include membership dues, membership fees and deposits, food and beverage operations, golf operations and lodging.

 

Our predecessor corporation was organized in 1957 under the name Country Clubs, Inc. All references to us also include Country Clubs, Inc. and its successor corporations. For purposes of this document, unless otherwise indicated, references to us also include our various subsidiaries. However, we and each of our subsidiaries are careful to maintain separate legal existence, and general references to us should not be interpreted in any way to reduce the legal distinctions and separateness between subsidiaries or between us and our subsidiaries.

 

There is currently no public market for our common stock. We are subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, pursuant to Section 15(d) thereof, because we filed a registration statement on Form S-1, which became effective October 24, 1994 pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Registration Statement”). The Registration Statement registered participation interests in the ClubCorp Stock Investment Plan (the “Plan”) and our common stock, at $.01 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), to be sold to the Plan. The Plan was amended and restated on January 1, 1999, to become the ClubCorp Employee Stock Ownership Plan (the “Amended Plan”).

 

Throughout Item 1 of this document, financial and property information reflects consolidated totals and includes amounts attributable to properties held for sale that are classified as discontinued operations under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Details of these properties are available in Annex A – “List of Facilities.”

 

Operations

 

Background and Philosophy

 

We were founded in 1957 to develop Brookhaven Country Club in the North Dallas, Texas area. Since that time, we have expanded our operations to 167 facilities. In 1967, we established our first business club on the belief that we could profitably expand our operations by applying our club management skills and member-oriented philosophy to a related line of business. In 1984, we entered the destination resort industry when we capitalized on a turn-around opportunity by acquiring Pinehurst and currently operate three destination resorts. We commenced international operations in 1980 and currently operate nine facilities primarily in Mexico and Australia. In directing our growth since our formation, our management has emphasized quality service and facilities, endeavoring to exceed the expectations of our members and guests.

 

Mr. Robert H. Dedman, Sr., our founder and former Chairman and CEO, who passed away in August 2002, established ClubCorp on the belief that private clubs represented a significant business opportunity for a company that could combine professional development and management skills with the dedication to personal service necessary to attract and retain members. This commitment to professionalism and personal service is reflected in our member-oriented philosophy: create lasting value for members, guests, employees and financial partners by delivering personalized service and experiences that facilitate life-enhancing relationships, achieve world class results and create pride in belonging.

 

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Our management and employees recognize that we are in a relationship business where member and guest satisfaction is essential to long-term growth and profitability. Underlying this philosophy are progressive human resource values and goals which we believe have resulted in superior customer service. Management believes that our member-oriented philosophy and culture set us apart from many of our competitors that focus on short-term returns that may jeopardize member satisfaction and long-term profitability. We are committed to maintaining our leadership position in the golf-related and business and sports club segments by creating an environment where members, guests and employees are treated with respect, trust and honesty. Our policy is to not restrict membership in our facilities on the basis of race, religion, gender or other immutable characteristics.

 

From ClubCorp’s beginning, we have focused on assembling and maintaining an experienced management team. Our executive officers, including the Chairman of the Board, possess a significant amount of hospitality industry experience. We have also attempted to attract and retain qualified, dedicated managers for our clubs and resorts. These managers possess an average of more than ten years of experience with our facilities. Senior management believes that our success depends greatly upon the motivation, training and experience of our employees. We provide an extensive, proprietary system of in-house training and education for all of our employees that is designed to improve the quality of services provided to members and guests. See — “Employees.”

 

Nature of Operations

 

We operate country club and golf facilities, business and sports clubs and resorts through sole ownership, partial ownership and management agreements. In addition, we perform various corporate services internally and for managed properties and, to a lesser extent, develop and sell real estate adjacent to our facilities. See — “Other Operations and Services.” With respect to our sole ownership operations, in some cases we own the real property where the facility is operated and in other cases we lease the real property from third parties. See Item 2 – “Properties.” Management believes that our existing club, resort and other facilities and our base of club members represent a significant value to us. For example, certain of our country clubs that were developed many years ago are now located in densely populated areas where land of sufficient size to develop a new facility would be prohibitively expensive.

 

The success of our business is dependent on our ability to attract new members, retain existing members and maintain or increase levels of club usage by members and guests. Although we devote significant resources to promote our facilities and services, many of the factors affecting club membership and usage are beyond our control. Local and federal government laws, including income tax regulations applicable to us and our club members and guests, can adversely influence membership activity. See — “Government Regulation and Environmental Matters.” Changes in consumer tastes and preferences, local, regional and national economic conditions, including levels of disposable income, weather and demographic trends can also have an adverse impact on club membership and usage. See Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results—Seasonality of Demand; Fluctuations in Quarterly Results.”

 

Country Club and Golf Facilities

 

Our portfolio of 99 country club and golf facilities is comprised of 89 private and semi-private country and golf clubs with approximately 82,000 memberships as of December 28, 2004, and ten public golf facilities. Our country club and golf facilities are located in 19 states and two foreign countries, providing us with a geographically diverse revenue base. We have focused our operations in this segment on private and semi-private clubs because of our expertise in managing membership-based facilities, the relative competitive position of such clubs as compared to public courses and the stability of recurring membership dues as a primary revenue source.

 

Operating revenues for our country club and golf facilities segment consist primarily of membership revenues (comprised primarily of membership dues, and to a lesser extent, recognition of deferred membership fees and deposits), golf revenues and food and beverage sales. In 2004, our country club and golf facilities segment generated operating revenues of $509.6 million, or 53.3% of our total revenues, and segment operating income of $59.8 million. See Note 11 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Country Clubs. Our 72 private country clubs generally provide one or more golf courses and one or more of the following facilities: dining rooms, lounge areas, meeting rooms, grills, ballrooms, tennis courts, swimming pools and pro shops. Our private country clubs include Firestone, host of the World Golf Championships-NEC Invitational for 2003 through 2005 and the 2002 Senior PGA Championship and Mission Hills, home of the LPGA’s annual Kraft-Nabisco Championship. Our current international operations include the Jack Nicklaus Signature Course at Vista Vallarta Club de Golf in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, site of the 2002 World Golf Championships-EMC World Cup.

 

Golf Clubs. Our 17 semi-private golf clubs generally offer both private and public play, a driving range and food and beverage concessions. Our semi-private golf clubs include Nags Head Golf Links in North Carolina and Golden Bear Golf Club at Indigo Run in South Carolina.

 

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Public Golf Facilities. Our ten public golf facilities are daily fee courses that offer a “member for the day” experience and generally provide many of the same amenities, facilities and services as our semi-private golf clubs. Since the beginning of 2002, we have sold 15 public golf facilities as we have focused more on private and semi-private golf clubs rather than public golf facilities. Daily fee facilities include the Bear’s Best courses, which were formed through a joint venture with Jack Nicklaus’ Golden Bear Golf, Inc. Our two Bear’s Best courses in Las Vegas and Atlanta, respectively, feature replicas of some of the most famous Nicklaus-designed golf holes. The Bear’s Best Las Vegas course was one of the three golf courses used for the 2004 Michelin Championship at Las Vegas (formerly known as the Las Vegas Invitational) and will be again in 2005. The tournament marks the first time a replica course has been a part of the PGA Tour.

 

Resorts

 

Each of our three destination resorts focus on delivering quality golf resort lifestyle as well as lodging and conference facilities, dining and lounge areas, golf, tennis, recreational facilities, European style spas and other resort amenities. Our three destination resorts are Pinehurst Resort and Country Club, The Homestead Resort and Barton Creek Resort and Country Club. The resorts segment also includes our sports marketing division, Pinehurst Championship Management, which manages the operations of high profile golf tournaments at Pinehurst and other locations. Operating revenues for our resorts segment consist primarily of lodging revenues, food and beverage sales, golf and merchandise revenues, other amenities and recreation revenues and membership fees. In 2004, our resort segment generated operating revenues of $209.9 million, or 21.9% of our total revenues, and segment operating income of $30.2 million. See Note 11 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Pinehurst. Acquired in 1984, Pinehurst is the largest golf resort in the world and is a National Historic Landmark. Pinehurst hosted the 1999 U.S. Open and will be hosting the U.S. Open again in 2005, the shortest interval between hosting at a single facility in the last 50 years. Pinehurst includes eight championship 18-hole golf courses, including the highly acclaimed Pinehurst Course No. 2 (ranked second in Golf Digest’s America’s 100 Greatest Public Courses in 2003-2004), and more than 500 guest rooms and suites in three separate facilities, including 85 managed rooms to which we have access. In addition to a 31,000 square foot spa facility, Pinehurst also has a golf school, 24 tennis courts, two outdoor swimming pools, nine dining venues, seven retail venues and approximately 55,000 square feet of conference space, which enables the resort to accommodate large group functions. The resort has also been selected to host the 2008 U.S. Men’s Amateur Championship. In Golf Digest’s America’s Top 75 Golf Resorts (2004), Pinehurst was ranked sixth. Pinehurst also has a private country club that at December 28, 2004 had 5,018 memberships.

 

The Homestead. Founded in 1766 and acquired by ClubCorp in 1993, The Homestead is a National Historic Landmark. The Homestead includes over 500 guest rooms and suites, three 18-hole championship golf courses, including the Cascades course (ranked fourth in Golf Digest’s America’s 100 Greatest Public Courses in 2003—2004), a golf school, equestrian center, gun club, six tennis courts, an indoor and an outdoor swimming pool, nine downhill ski runs and over 72,000 square feet of conference space, including a 20,000 square foot grand ballroom facility. The Homestead also has a nationally recognized spa and nine dining facilities. In Golf Digest’s America’s Top 75 Golf Resorts (2004), The Homestead was ranked ninth. At December 28, 2004, the Homestead had 191 memberships.

 

Barton Creek. Acquired in 1996, Barton Creek is a premier luxury resort in Austin, Texas. Barton Creek has approximately 300 guest rooms and suites, four championship 18-hole golf courses, including Fazio Canyons and Fazio Foothills, the number one and three rated public access courses in Texas by Golfweek magazine in 2004, 11 tennis courts, four dining facilities, more that 30,000 square feet of meeting space, including a ballroom, a 150 seat ampitheater, and a luxurious spa. In Golf Digest’s America’s Top 75 Golf Resorts (2004), Barton Creek was ranked 37th. Barton Creek also includes a private golf club that at December 28, 2004 had 2,523 memberships.

 

Business and Sports Clubs

 

Our portfolio of 65 business and sports clubs is comprised of 47 business clubs, 14 business/sports clubs and four sports clubs, with a combined total of more than 102,000 memberships as of December 28, 2004. These facilities are located in 21 states, Washington D.C. and one foreign country. Each of our business clubs includes dining rooms, bar areas and private meeting rooms. In addition, most of our business clubs are equipped with state-of-the-art media and telecommunications equipment, providing a technologically-enabled work area. Our sports clubs provide an array of facilities which generally include racquetball and squash courts, jogging tracks, exercise areas, weight machines, aerobic studios, swimming pools and, occasionally, tennis and basketball courts. Business/sports clubs combine the ambiance and amenities of our business clubs with the facilities of our premier sports clubs. Our business and sports clubs include The City Club on Bunker Hill in Los Angeles, The Athletic and Swim Club at Equitable Center in New York City, The Metropolitan Club in Chicago, The Citrus Club in Orlando and The Buckhead Club in Atlanta. Operating revenues for business and sports clubs segment consist primarily of monthly membership dues and food and beverage sales. In 2004,

 

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our the business and sports clubs segment generated operating revenues of $223.5 million, or 23.4% of our total revenues, and segment operating income of $16.1 million. See Note 11 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Other Operations and Services

 

Real Estate Operations. We sell fractional ownership interests at selected properties through our Owners Club program and develop and sell residential real estate adjacent to our golf facilities. Our principal Owners Club locations are The Homestead in Virginia, Barton Creek in Texas and Hilton Head in South Carolina. Given our strategic initiative to focus on our core businesses, we do not expect to significantly expand our real estate operations in the near future.

 

Corporate Services. We perform a number of services on a company-wide basis, including certain centralized marketing, accounting, technology support and purchasing functions. We also publish Private Clubs®, an award winning bi-monthly magazine which showcases our member and guest facilities and strategic partner relationships through feature articles and advertising.

 

Expansion and Development

 

Historically, we have expanded our operations through strategic acquisitions and development projects; growing from one country club to an extensive list of 167 facilities that now include business clubs, resorts and athletic clubs both domestically and internationally. However, in the last three years we have re-oriented our strategic focus onto our core businesses and divested various non-strategic assets. Beginning in 2004, we began actively pursuing various strategic opportunities to grow. While we continue to review our core properties and divest any non-strategic assets within our existing group of assets, more focus is being placed on renegotiating or retrading leases as they become due in order to maximize our cash flow. Additionally, we are reviewing current properties with significant upside opportunity and allocating capital to expand properties that will provide a good return on investment.

 

We are also pursuing multiple new business opportunities around our core competency, which is superior club management. We are investigating opportunities to manage clubs through management agreements, joint ventures and sole ownership. During 2004, we added two managed clubs to our portfolio and have added two more clubs in the first quarter of 2005.

 

In late 2004, we hired a new Senior Vice President of Strategic Growth, consistent with our emphasis on exploring new growth opportunities. Strategic growth opportunities focus on new products and services that we can offer, as opposed to traditional club management discussed above. Leveraging our member base will be a key strategy for us. We anticipate that some of our growth dollars in 2005 will be generated in this area.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

We own and operate a diverse base of country clubs, business and sports clubs and resorts. Based on the specific attributes of each club and its local market, we attempt to position our golf and business clubs, from the premium-end to the entry level of the specific market segments in which they compete, making the club experience available to a variety of target demographics. Our resorts are positioned as “one of a kind” properties with a broad range of activities and services.

 

As part of our corporate services, we develop and implement national marketing and promotional programs, control trademarks and trademark licensing agreements, engage public relations firms and advertising agencies, coordinate communications with media sources and develop collateral materials. We believe that these coordinated activities provide highly effective, complementary programs to the sales efforts at our individual clubs and resorts.

 

Our clubs also offer extended member programs. For example, we sponsor the Associate Clubs® Program, which provides members of clubs owned, leased or managed by us with access to other clubs outside a certain radius of the member’s club. In 2001, we added Signature Gold as a new level of Associate Club membership, providing enhanced privileges at a select group of our properties. In 2003, we offered an enhanced Signature Gold program with expanded benefits (including food and beverage) to those members. In cities where multiple Associate Clubs are located, membership in a Society is often available. Society membership provides privileges in many clubs within the same metropolitan area without any radius restrictions and also provides additional benefits such as concierge services and VIP seating at local events.

 

We believe there are significant opportunities to increase revenues by marketing our interrelated products and services to our existing customer base. We seek to develop and accentuate the unique aspects of our resorts, like Pinehurst, and country clubs, like

 

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Firestone, in order to attract repeat customers, encourage group guests to return individually and increase rates charged for our services and amenities.

 

To promote our facilities, we publish Private Clubs magazine, which reaches the majority of the members at our clubs and resorts in addition to our affiliate clubs and resorts. The magazine’s focus is on golf, travel, food, wine, recreation and other aspects of the “private club experience.” Regular features include unusual destinations and travel tips, profiles of members who are business leaders, club profiles, wine reviews, recipes from club chefs, golf and tennis tips, solutions to health and fitness concerns and humor. The readership of Private Clubs was ranked 21st in median household income among 92 publications included in the 2003 Mendelsohn Affluent Head of Household Survey, conducted annually by Mendelsohn Media Research, Inc., an independent media research firm. The magazine also has an online edition available at www.privateclubs.com.

 

We host a number of professional golf tournaments that not only generate additional revenue but also enhance our name recognition and that of our clubs and resorts. During 2004, our facilities hosted several nationally recognized golf tournaments affiliated with, among others, the PGA Tour, the Champions Tour, the LPGA Tour, the Nationwide Tour and the PGA of America. During 2004, some of the most notable tournaments our facilities hosted were the Bob Hope Chrysler Classic at Indian Wells, the Kraft-Nabisco Championship at Mission Hills, the World Golf Championship-NEC Invitational at Firestone Country Club, the Kinko’s Classic of Austin at The Hills Country Club, and the Chick-fil-A Charity Championship at Eagle’s Landing Country Club. Pinehurst will host the 2005 U.S. Open, which will be held at the resort for the second time in seven years. Firestone will also host the 2005 World Golf Championships-NEC Invitational.

 

We believe we have established strong relationships with numerous professional organizations including the following:

 

    United States Golf Association;

 

    PGA Tour and LPGA Tour;

 

    Professional Golf Association of America;

 

    American Junior Golf Association;

 

    National Golf Course Owners Association;

 

    Club Managers Association of America;

 

    National Club Association;

 

    International Health, Racquet & Sports Club Association;

 

    National Restaurant Association; and

 

    National Golf Foundation.

 

Relationships such as these have enabled us to bring distinctive tournaments and events, such as the U.S. Open and the Senior PGA Championship, as well as numerous other prestigious events, to our clubs and resorts throughout the world. We also host many United States Tennis Association and Intercollegiate Tennis Association events, including the Omni Hotels Intercollegiate Tennis Championships, along with other athletic activities such as swimming, diving, lawn bowling and croquet.

 

Government Regulation and Environmental Matters

 

We are subject to a wide range of federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, including those governing discharges into the air and water, the storage of petroleum substances and chemicals, the handling and disposal of wastes, and the remediation of contamination arising from spills and releases. Our operations are subject to numerous other laws and regulations, including occupational health and safety, labor and alcoholic beverage control laws and laws relating to access for disabled persons. Changes to these laws or regulations could adversely affect us. We have policies in place designed to bring or keep our facilities in compliance, and audit procedures to inspect for compliance with all current federal, state and local environmental laws. We are not aware of, and have not been informed by the Environmental Protection Agency or any state or local governmental authority of, any non-compliance or violation of any environmental laws, ordinances or regulations likely to be material to us, and we believe that we are in substantial compliance with all such laws, ordinances and regulations applicable to our facilities and operations. See Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results.”

 

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We are subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act and various federal and state laws governing such matters as minimum wage requirements, overtime and other working conditions and citizenship requirements. The salaries of certain of our personnel are based on the federal minimum wage and adopted increases in the minimum wage have historically increased our labor costs. Historically, we have tried to pass these increased labor costs to our customers through price increases. In addition, we are subject to certain state “dram-shop” laws, which provide a person injured by an intoxicated individual the right to recover damages from an establishment that wrongfully served alcoholic beverages to the intoxicated individual. We are also subject to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, which, among other things, created federally mandated access and use requirements. We believe we are in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations governing our operations.

 

We have operations in a number of states that regulate the licensing of restaurants and resorts, including liquor license grants, by requiring registration, disclosure statements and compliance with specific standards of conduct. While we believe that we are, and will continue to be, in substantial compliance with these requirements, there can be no assurance that these requirements will not change or that any such change will not adversely affect us.

 

Competition

 

We operate in a highly competitive industry and our clubs and resorts compete primarily on the basis of management expertise, reputation, featured facilities, quality and breadth of services and price. With respect to our resorts, we compete on a national and international level with numerous hotel and resort companies. Competition in this part of the industry is intense and there can be no assurance that such competition will not adversely affect revenues, costs or operating income of our resorts. Our country club and golf facilities compete on a local and regional level with other country club and golf facilities and our business and sports clubs compete on a local and regional level with high-end restaurants and other business and sports clubs. The level of competition in these lines of business varies from region to region and is subject to change as existing facilities are renovated or new facilities are developed. An increase in the number or quality of similar clubs and other facilities in a particular region could significantly increase competition, which could have a material adverse effect on our results from that region. Our results of operations also could be affected by a number of additional competitive factors, including the availability of, and demand for, alternative forms of recreation.

 

We also compete for the operation of golf courses with national and regional golf course management companies, and, less frequently, with individuals and small ventures that typically own one or more golf courses. There are many opportunities for consolidation in the highly fragmented golf course ownership industry in the U.S. and the industry has seen a high level of consolidation in recent years. Though we are not currently focusing on the acquisition of additional facilities, we have made a significant number of acquisitions in the past and we have, and in the future we may, experience increased competition in the acquisition of premier properties. In the acquisition of golf courses, companies compete primarily on the basis of price and their reputation for operating golf courses. Many of our competitors have substantially greater capital resources than we do, sometimes providing them the ability to pay substantially more for the type of facilities consistent with those in our portfolio and strategy.

 

Throughout the 1990’s and in 2000, there was a substantial increase in the development of public golf facilities in the U.S. Competition in this market has intensified and the increase in availability of daily fee courses has adversely affected demand in portions of the semi-private and private club market. According to the National Golf Foundation, the growth in supply of available golf courses, fueled by the daily fee market, has outpaced growth in the number of golfers in recent years. Although new course construction declined in 2002 and 2003 due to the slowdown in the U.S. economy and the acknowledgement of overbuilding in certain markets, a resurgence in development activity or additional decreases in the average number of golfers per course could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Conversely, this period of overbuilding could eventually benefit us in the long run, as companies with less financial resources and management experience may be forced to sell their properties at discounted values.

 

In the operation of our facilities, we compete on the basis of our reputation to deliver value through the quality of the facility and quality of services provided to our members and guests. We believe we compete favorably with respect to these factors. Our Associate Clubs Program with tiered membership levels, allows members of a club in one market to utilize our clubs in different markets, thus enhancing the value of club membership. Because of our large number of facilities, members are provided access to a large number of facilities and are able to take advantage of our diverse mix and large number of clubs. We believe this program affords us a competitive advantage over competitors that do not maintain similar programs and over other competitors that have similar programs, but fewer facilities.

 

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Employees

 

As of December 28, 2004, we employed approximately 11,000 full-time and 7,500 part-time employees in our operations. The success of our business is dependent in part on our ability to attract and retain experienced management and other employees on economic terms. We believe that our employees represent an important asset; however, we are not dependent upon any single employee, or a small group of employees, whose loss would have a material adverse effect on us. Although we believe that our labor relations are good, increased labor and benefit costs or deterioration in our labor relations could adversely affect our operating results.

 

Customers

 

We are not dependent upon a single customer, or a few customers, whose loss would have a material adverse effect on us. In addition, for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2004, there is no customer to which we had sales equal to 10% or more of our consolidated operating revenues.

 

Intellectual Property

 

We have registered various service marks, including the names CLUBCORP, CCA, CLUBRESORTS, ASSOCIATE CLUBS, PINEHURST, THE HOMESTEAD, BARTON CREEK, PRIVATE CLUBS and THE SOCIETY with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and have applied with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office for the registration of various other service marks. In addition, we have registered certain of our service marks in a number of foreign countries. We regard our service marks as valuable assets and intend to protect such service marks vigorously against infringement.

 

Available Information

 

We file annual, quarterly and current reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These reports may be viewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549 or at the SEC’s internet site www.sec.gov, as soon as practicable after such material is electronically filed with the SEC. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling 1-800-SEC-0330. Our SEC filings are also available free of charge to the public through the Company – Financial Info section of our internet site www.clubcorp.com. The information contained on or linked to our website does not constitute part of the Form 10-K.

 

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Item 2. Properties

 

We owned and/or operated 167 country club and golf facilities, business and sports clubs and resorts as of December 28, 2004, one of which is held for sale and is classified as a discontinued operation. The following table provides a summary of the composition of our portfolio of facilities from December 25, 2001 to December 28, 2004:

 

Additions, Divestitures and Reclassifications of Facilities (1)

 

     Country
Clubs


    Golf
Clubs


    Public
Golf


    Business

    Business/
Sports


    Sports

    Resorts

    International

    Total

 

At December 25, 2001

   77     18     22     54     17     5     5     11     209  

Facilities added during 2002

   —       —       1     —       —       —       —       —       1  

Facilities divested during 2002

   (5 )   (2 )   (9 )   (3 )   —       —       (1 )   (1 )   (21 )

Reclassifications during 2002

   2     (1 )   —       —       —       —       (1 )   —       —    
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

At December 31, 2002

   74     15     14     51     17     5     3     10     189  

Facilities added during 2003

   —       —       —       —       —       —       —       —       —    

Facilities divested during 2003

   (4 )   (3 )   (6 )   (5 )   —       (1 )   —       —       (19 )

Reclassifications during 2003

   3     5     —       2     —       —       —       (10 )   —    
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

At December 30, 2003

   73     17     8     48     17     4     3     —       170  

Facilities added during 2004

   —       —       2     —       —       —       —       —       2  

Facilities divested during 2004

   (1 )   —       —       (1 )   (3 )   —       —       —       (5 )
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

At December 28, 2004

   72     17     10     47     14     4     3     —       167  

Less: Discontinued Operations

   —       —       —       —       —       (1 )   —       —       (1 )
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Continuing Operations

   72     17     10     47     14     3     3     0     166  
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) Facilities added include acquisitions of owned, leased, partially owned or managed facilities, joint ventures and other investments. Facilities divested include sales of owned or partially owned facilities and other investments, and terminated leases and management agreements that were not renewed or replaced.

 

We continually monitor the performance, composition and characteristics of our portfolio of facilities and actively manage our portfolio through expansions, additions (acquisitions and other investments) and dispositions. We divest a facility when it no longer has strategic value or the potential to contribute to our growth, and an appropriate opportunity for divestiture is available.

 

Facilities divested also include expired or terminated lease arrangements or management agreements that generally have shorter terms than joint venture agreements or other forms of ownership. We generally include a termination clause in our management agreements which impose a financial penalty, paid to us by the managed owner, to discourage early termination of management agreements.

 

Our properties are located throughout the U.S. and primarily in Australia and Mexico internationally. In the U.S., a significant portion of our properties are located in Texas, California, Florida and the Southeastern U.S. Due to our concentration of golf facilities in these markets, our operating and financial performance is subject to the regional weather patterns and changes in economic conditions in these areas. See Item 7 – “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results – Seasonality of Demand; Fluctuations in Quarterly Results.” For a complete list of our facilities, see Annex A – “List of Facilities.”

 

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Table of Contents

We operate country club and golf facilities, business and sports clubs and resorts through sole ownership, partial ownership and management agreements. With respect to our sole ownership operations, in some cases we own the real property where the facility is operated and in other cases we lease the real property from third parties. The following table summarizes the number of, and reclassifications in, the type of our facilities operated for the periods indicated:

 

     Sole Ownership

    Partial
Ownership
and
Managed