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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Form 10-K

 

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended January 1, 2005

 

Commission File Number 0-26976

 

Pixar

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

California   68-0086179
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

1200 Park Avenue,

Emeryville, California

  94608
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(510) 752-3000

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, no par value per share

(Title of Class)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  þ        No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  þ        No  ¨

 

As of July 3, 2004, the last day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, there were 56,480,505 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding, and the aggregate market value of such shares held by non-affiliates of the Registrant (based on the closing sale price of such shares on the NASDAQ National Market on July 2, 2004) was $1,793,965,609. Shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock held by each executive officer and director have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

 

As of March 1, 2005, there were 58,776,532 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding.

 



Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page

PART I

Item 1.

   Business    3
     Risk Factors    18

Item 2.

   Properties    32

Item 3.

   Legal Proceedings    32

Item 4.

   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    33
     Executive Officers of the Company    33
PART II

Item 5.

   Market for Company’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities    35

Item 6.

   Selected Financial Data    35

Item 7.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    35

Item 7A.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    45

Item 8.

   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    45

Item 9.

   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    45

Item 9A.

   Controls and Procedures    46

Item 9B.

   Other Information    46
PART III

Item 10.

   Directors and Executive Officers of the Company    46

Item 11.

   Executive Compensation    49

Item 12.

   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management    52

Item 13.

   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions    53

Item 14.

   Principal Accounting Fees and Services    54
PART IV

Item 15.

   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules    55

Signatures

   83

 

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This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that have been made pursuant to the provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, particularly statements referencing the scheduled release dates of our feature films, our anticipated revenues and operating expenses, our expectations on DVD penetration and the resulting effect on our home video sales and our expectations regarding any future distribution agreement into which we may enter. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “could,” “would,” “might,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “forecast,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “is scheduled for,” “scheduled,” and variations of such words and similar expressions. Such forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry and management’s beliefs and assumptions. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to various risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict; therefore, actual results and outcomes may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in any such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include those set forth herein under “Risk Factors” on pages 18 through 32. Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

PART I

 

Item 1.    Business

 

General

 

Pixar was formed in 1986 when Steve Jobs purchased the computer division of Lucasfilm and incorporated it as a separate company. We are a leading digital animation studio with the creative, technical and production capabilities to create animated feature films and related products. Our objective is to create, develop and produce computer-animated feature films with heartwarming stories and memorable characters that appeal to audiences of all ages. Through the creation of entertaining, enduring and successful films, we seek to maintain our position as a leading brand in animated feature films.

 

To date, we have created and produced six full-length computer-animated feature films, which were marketed and distributed by The Walt Disney Company (along with its subsidiaries hereinafter referred to as “Disney”). Pixar has won 18 Academy Awards® for its films and technical achievements, and our six films have grossed an aggregate of more than $3.2 billion at the worldwide box office as of March 6, 2005. Our next film, Cars, is scheduled for release on June 9, 2006. Cars is directed by Pixar’s two-time Academy Award®-winner John Lasseter, who directed Toy Story, A Bug’s Life, and Toy Story 2. We are also currently in production on our first feature film produced outside of our existing Disney relationship, which is scheduled for a summer 2007 release.

 

Our principal executive offices are located at 1200 Park Avenue, Emeryville, California 94608. Our telephone number is (510) 752-3000, and our website is located at www.pixar.com; however, the information in, or that can be accessed through our website is not part of this report. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to such reports are available, free of charge, on the “Investors Relations” section of our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

The statements in this Form 10-K regarding the scheduled release dates for our next films are forward-looking, and the actual release dates may differ. Factors that could cause delays in the release of our films include, but are not limited to (1) the uncertainties related to production delays, (2) financing requirements or marketing or distribution factors, (3) personnel availability, (4) external socioeconomic and political events, and (5) the release dates of competitive films. See “Risk Factors” in Item 1 of this Form 10-K.

 

Distribution of Our Films

 

In February 1997, we extended our original relationship with Disney (under which Toy Story was created and produced) by entering into the Co-Production Agreement. Under the Co-Production Agreement, we agreed

 

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to produce, on an exclusive basis, five original computer-animated feature films (the “Pictures”) for distribution by Disney. Pixar and Disney agreed to co-finance the production costs of the Pictures, co-own the Pictures (with Disney having exclusive distribution and exploitation rights), co-brand the Pictures and share equally in the profits of each Picture and any related merchandise and other ancillary products, after recovery of all marketing and distribution costs (which are financed by Disney), a distribution fee paid to Disney and any other mutually agreed upon fees or costs, including any third-party participations. The first four original Pictures produced under the Co-Production Agreement were A Bug’s Life, Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo and The Incredibles. We are currently in production on Cars, the fifth and final Picture under the terms of this agreement. As a sequel, Toy Story 2 did not count toward the Pictures; however, it was produced under the Co-Production Agreement and is afforded the same financial terms as the Pictures.

 

The term of the Co-Production Agreement continues until we deliver our fifth and final Picture, Cars, to Disney. Since our April 2003 delivery of Finding Nemo to Disney, we have had the right to negotiate and enter into another distribution agreement with any third party. In January 2004, we announced that we had ended our discussions with Disney regarding extending our relationship with them by entering into a new arrangement for films released beyond Cars. Since that time, we have had preliminary meetings with various major motion picture studios regarding a potential distribution agreement for the films we release after Cars, and we continue to explore our options with respect to a future distribution agreement.

 

We have produced six highly successful feature films to date, and we believe that this success, combined with our strong financial resources, position us to negotiate a new distribution arrangement with a major studio that will provide us with, among other things, (1) better economic terms than we currently have under the Co-Production Agreement and (2) full ownership of our films. With respect to the distribution of our films after Cars, we currently are not pursuing alternatives other than entering into such an agreement with a major studio.

 

Although we look forward to a more favorable distribution agreement for films released after Cars, we also understand that distributing our films through another studio may increase some of the risks we face in the motion picture industry. See “— Relationship with Disney,” “Risk Factors — We experience intense competition with respect to our animated feature films and software” and “Risk Factors — We face various distribution risks with respect to our feature films.”

 

Recent Developments

 

Summer Theatrical Release Schedule.    In December 2004, we announced that we would be shifting the theatrical release schedule of our feature films from a holiday release schedule to a summer release schedule, beginning with Cars. We believe that family-oriented films enjoy better intra-week box office performance in the summer compared to the holiday season because, among other factors, children are generally not participating in a full-time school curriculum.

 

Release of The Incredibles.    In November 2004, The Incredibles was theatrically released, and, as of March 6, 2005, it had generated over $260 million in domestic box office revenue and over $368 million in foreign box office revenue. In February 2005, The Incredibles won two Academy Awards® for Best Animated Feature Film and Achievement in Sound Editing. On March 15, 2005, The Incredibles domestic home video was released, in both DVD and VHS formats. The international home video will be released throughout the Spring of 2005.

 

THQ Multi-Property Publishing Agreement.    In August 2004, we announced an exclusive multi-property publishing agreement with THQ, Inc. (“THQ”) in which we granted THQ the interactive rights to four future Pixar computer-animated feature films, beginning with our first film produced outside of the Co-Production Agreement. The worldwide deal extends four years after the release of each film and includes all current and future video game console systems, PC/MAC, as well as handheld and wireless devices. Under THQ’s existing agreement with Pixar and Disney, which began in April 2002, THQ has the rights to publish video games for Finding Nemo, The Incredibles and Cars.

 

Management and Board of Director Changes.    In May 2004, Simon T. Bax was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Pixar. In June 2004, Susan L. Decker, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, Finance and Administration of Yahoo!, joined our board of directors.

 

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Business Model and Products

 

We are a leading brand in family entertainment as a result of our high quality animated films and related products, such as video products, toys, interactive games and other merchandise. Because of our strong brand and the consistent success of our feature films, we believe that we are well positioned to secure a distribution agreement that will provide for strong marketing and distribution of our films and more favorable economic terms and full ownership of our future properties.

 

Animated Feature Films.    Our first animated feature film, Toy Story, was released in November 1995. As the first fully computer graphics imagery (CGI) animated feature film released theatrically, Toy Story revolutionized the field of animation. Since the release of Toy Story, we have produced five more highly successful films: A Bug’s Life, Toy Story 2, Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo and The Incredibles.

 

We intend to continue to develop high-quality original computer-animated feature films for the family entertainment market. We are currently in various stages of development and production on a number of original animated feature films including Cars, which is the last of five original Pictures to be produced and distributed under the Co-Production Agreement, as well as our first film beyond the Co-Production Agreement. John Lasseter, the Director of Toy Story, A Bug’s Life, and Toy Story 2 and Executive Producer for Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo and The Incredibles, is currently directing Cars, which is scheduled for release on June 9, 2006.

 

The following table sets forth box office information regarding our first six films as of March 6, 2005:

 

Film    Year of Release   Worldwide Box Office*

The Incredibles

   2004  

•   $260 million domestic

•   $368 million international

Finding Nemo

   2003  

•   $340 million domestic

•   $525 million international

Monsters, Inc.

   2001  

•   $256 million domestic

•   $268 million international

Toy Story 2

   1999  

•   $246 million domestic

•   $239 million international

A Bug’s Life

   1998  

•   $163 million domestic

•   $200 million international

Toy Story

   1995  

•   $192 million domestic

•   $170 million international


* Box office receipts represent the gross revenues collected by theatrical exhibitors for exhibition of our films and do not reflect the amount of revenue remitted to us.

 

Home Videos.    Home video sales, including DVD and VHS formats, continue to be among the largest contributors to lifetime revenues of our films. Through January 1, 2005, we have recognized net units sales of over 183 million units worldwide from our five titles released in this market. With the increasing popularity of the DVD format, more consumers are creating DVD libraries. We believe that the popularity of the DVD format is an important factor that contributed to the tremendous success of Finding Nemo and Monsters, Inc. domestic home video releases. The Finding Nemo home video was released in the U.S. in November 2003 in both VHS and a 2-disc Collectors Edition DVD. In 2003, Finding Nemo became the best selling home video of all time in the U.S. Over 29 million units have been sold in the U.S. since its release, (23 million DVD units and 6 million VHS units). The Monsters, Inc. home video was released in the U.S. in September 2002 in both VHS and a 2-disc Special Edition DVD and was the best selling home video of 2002. Over 20 million units have been sold in the U.S. since its release.

 

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We expect DVD penetration to continue to have a favorable impact on the sales of our titles on home video, especially in many foreign territories where the DVD adoption rate has lagged behind that of the U.S. As more consumers worldwide build their DVD film libraries, we expect not only to continue to see the shift in the DVD/VHS ratio toward DVD, but also to see an increase in the overall sales of home videos. We believe increasing worldwide penetration of DVDs will favorably benefit the release of our new titles on home video as well as potentially create incremental sales of our existing titles, and also believe that home video sales will continue to be a significant component of our business. Since their release, the Finding Nemo home video has sold over 19 million units internationally (14 million DVD units and 5 million VHS units), and the Monsters, Inc. home video has sold over 15 million units internationally (7 million DVD units and 8 million VHS units). Distribution of home video versions of the animated feature films developed and produced under the Co-Production Agreement is governed by the terms of the Co-Production Agreement.

 

We also continue to explore opportunities to maximize worldwide home video sales of our library titles. For example, the domestic home video for both Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were placed on a sales moratorium on May 1, 2003. Internationally, these two titles were placed on moratorium at various dates beginning in the Spring of 2004. This strategy is designed potentially to increase sales over the lifetime of a title, to prevent a declining sales price and to support a potentially higher sales price upon re-release. However, it is difficult to predict the impact this strategy will actually have on our sales, particularly since this is the first time home videos of any of our feature films have been placed on a sales moratorium. In addition to re-release on existing video formats, as the marketplace evolves with the next generation of home theater technology, such as High Definition TV, we will continue to monitor the marketplace and review home video strategies.

 

Television.    Our films are distributed to television markets throughout the world. All of our films have been distributed to the domestic broadcast and basic cable television markets. Since October of 2000, our films have appeared on Pay-Per-View with A Bug’s Life being the first major animated title to be distributed by Disney for this market. We entered the pay television market in March 2003 by licensing the pay television rights for Monsters, Inc. to Starz!/Encore. This was the first time that a Pixar title was licensed to a premium cable network. Finding Nemo, The Incredibles, and Cars are now included as part of an output deal between Disney and Starz!/Encore. Internationally, our films have appeared in the pay TV market as well as the broadcast networks. Disney generally distributes our films internationally to the broadcast networks through a package consisting of multiple films. Going forward, we expect all of our titles to be available through the various television markets: Pay-Per-View, pay television, broadcast and basic cable television, and international television. Distribution of television rights for the animated feature films developed and produced under the Co-Production Agreement is governed by the Co-Production Agreement.

 

Merchandise and Interactive Games.    We believe the characters, story and music created in our animated feature films provide significant revenue generation opportunities through various consumer products such as toys and interactive games. For example, Pixar and Disney have granted THQ interactive rights to create interactive video and computer games for Finding Nemo, The Incredibles, and Cars, which are Pictures under the Co-Production Agreement. In August 2004, we announced an exclusive multi-property publishing agreement with THQ in which we granted THQ the interactive rights to four future Pixar computer-animated feature films, beginning with our first film produced outside of the Co-Production Agreement.

 

Short Films.    Producing short films allows us to develop creative talent and computer animation technology. We have produced a number of award-winning short films since our inception and plan to continue to invest in developing new short films. For example, in 1997 we created and produced the Academy Award®-winning short film, Geri’s Game, which enabled us to further our technology in computer-generated skin and cloth. In 2000, we created and produced the Academy Award®-winning short film, For the Birds, which enabled us to further our technology in computer-generated fur and feathers. The acclaimed John Lasseter-directed Pixar short, Knick Knack, produced in 1989, accompanied Finding Nemo in theaters. In 2003, we created and produced the Academy Award®-nominated, Boundin’ which accompanied The Incredibles in theaters. We also create new short films for inclusion as a bonus feature in our DVD releases in addition to including on the DVD the short films that accompanied the theatrical release of our feature films. Mike’s New Car was a special bonus feature on the Monsters, Inc. DVD, and the release of The Incredibles DVD on March 15, 2005 includes a new and previously unreleased short film, Jack-Jack Attack.

 

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RenderMan®.    We have been selling our RenderMan® software for nearly seventeen years. RenderMan® has helped visual effects studios create visual effects in over 100 films. Of the last 44 films nominated to receive an Academy Award® for visual effects, 41 have used RenderMan®. RenderMan® runs on these popular platforms: Linux, Macintosh OSX, and Windows. Examples of RenderMan® customers include movie and special effects studios such as Disney, Lucasfilm Ltd. through its affiliate Industrial Light and Magic (“ILM”), Sony Pictures Imageworks and DreamWorks Animation SKG, Inc. RenderMan® is also used in television broadcasting. Customers also include government agencies and universities around the world. See “—Technology — RenderMan®” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

Computer Animation Process

 

The development and production of animated feature films is extremely complex and time consuming due to the very large number of frames and intricate detail of each frame required to condense emotional information into actions that are believable on the screen. At 24 frames per second, a 115-minute animated feature film such as The Incredibles requires approximately 165,000 individual frames. Animation for feature films has traditionally been created through hand-drawn cels, requiring hundreds of people working for two to three years. Although computers have been used to assist in some elements of cel animation in the past, most frames are still hand-drawn.

 

We believe that our proprietary technology, which allows animators to manipulate hundreds of motion control points within a single character, allows for more intricacy and subtlety of character and personality than traditional two-dimensional cel-based animation. This technology also facilitates the manipulation, editing and re-use of the elements used to create the animated images.

 

We produce our computer-animated feature films and other projects in four stages: creative development, pre-production, production and post-production. Because this process is iterative, there is continuous reworking of the film. The basic elements of this highly complex process are outlined below.

 

Creative Development

 

LOGO

 

Creative development is a collaborative process in which the story and its characters are created and developed. The first step involves the development of a story concept, which often takes the form of a story summary or outline known as a “treatment.” After numerous iterations and research into the story and characters, a first draft of a screenplay is written.

 

Pre-Production

 

LOGO

 

The pre-production stage begins when the screenplay is turned into story boards, which are panels filled with thousands of sketches that represent the story to be animated. The story boards are then transferred to video so that they can be electronically edited into a photo play of the film called a story reel, a process that enables editing of the film before the production phase begins. Voices are then selected, recorded and added to the story reel. Animated dioramas, which are test sequences to prove that the major technical issues in creating the film have been addressed, are also created in pre-production. Throughout the creative development and pre-production processes, visual plans are developed for the style, colors and look of the film.

 

Production

 

LOGO

 

Our production stage consists of six phases: modeling and rigging, layout, animation, shading and lighting, rendering and film recording. In the modeling phase, digital models of each set and character are created by

 

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defining their shapes in three dimensions (height, width and depth) and by adding the rigging, the sets of animation controls that allow the model to be moved or animated. In some cases, a digital model has hundreds of animation controls. In the layout stage, artists place the digital models into a scene and position the digital cameras at the angles from which the three-dimensional shot is to be seen. The assembled shot is then given to the animator together with the prerecorded voice.

 

In the animation stage, the digital models are animated, or “brought to life,” in three dimensions by changing the animation controls over time to create a motion sequence. The next step in completing a scene requires attaching to each model a description of its surface characteristics. These “shaders” describe the pattern, texture, finish and color for every object in the scene. Next, lighting is added by placing digital lights into the scene. In the rendering phase, the renderer takes the data for the models, layout, animation, shaders and lights, and for each frame in the sequence, computes a two-dimensional image of what the scene looks like at that point in time from the point of view of the camera. The final rendering of a single frame takes an average of one to four hours, but a small percentage of more complex frames can take much longer, between 20 and 40 hours each or more. The final rendered digital image is then sent to our PixarVision® laser recorders to be printed onto film. While film is the primary means of distributing motion pictures to theaters, digital projectors have achieved the brightness and high resolution necessary to project movies on theater screens without the use of film. As our films are produced digitally, they are uniquely suited to this method of exhibition. Toy Story 2 was shown digitally in 12 theaters worldwide, making it the first completely computer-animated feature film to be shown digitally. Monsters, Inc. and Finding Nemo were shown digitally in 37 and 103 theaters worldwide, respectively. The Incredibles is Pixar’s widest international digital cinema release to date, and the industry’s first to take advantage of the new generation of higher resolution, “2K” digital cinema projectors. Audiences in eighteen territories around the world saw The Incredibles projected digitally, in seventeen localized versions. Worldwide, the digital release hit 112 theaters (35 domestic, 77 international).

 

Post-Production

 

LOGO

 

The post-production stage consists of two parallel processes: the picture process and the sound process. In the picture process, images are put on film, the film is sent to a laboratory for final color correction, and final prints are made. If the film is shown digitally, we transfer the original rendered data for each frame onto a digital image compression device, which is then used to project the movie electronically. In the sound process, the sound effects and musical score are added and the final sound is mixed. Our post-production is simpler than post-production in a live-action film, which requires more significant editing. In most live-action films, many hours of film are shot, and the film is then significantly edited and re-edited in the post-production stage to create a feature film. We, like other animation studios, edit the film throughout the entire creative development and production process. Thus, post-production involves only final editing and scoring.

 

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Creative Group

 

Our creative and technical personnel have collaborated since our founding to produce three-dimensional computer-animated films. The principal objective of our creative group is to create heartwarming stories with memorable characters utilizing the medium of computer animation. The members of our creative and technical teams have been nominated for and received a number of awards. An exemplary list of those awards is included in the table below:

 

Film    Category    Award/Nomination    Year

The Incredibles

  

Best Animated Feature Film

Best Original Screenplay

Best Sound Editing

Best Sound Mixing

Best Picture, Musical or Comedy

  

Academy Award®

Academy Award® Nominee

Academy Award®

Academy Award® Nominee

Golden Globe Nominee

   2004

Finding Nemo

  

Best Animated Feature Film

Best Original Screenplay

Best Musical Score

Best Sound Editing

Best Picture, Musical or Comedy

  

Academy Award®

Academy Award® Nominee

Academy Award® Nominee

Academy Award® Nominee

Golden Globe Nominee

   2003

Boundin’

   Best Animated Short Film    Academy Award® Nominee    2003

Mike’s New Car

   Best Animated Short Film    Academy Award® Nominee    2002

Monsters, Inc.

  

Best Song

Best Animated Feature Film

Best Original Score

Best Sound Editing

  

Academy Award®

Academy Award® Nominee

Academy Award® Nominee

Academy Award® Nominee

   2001

For the Birds

   Best Animated Short Film    Academy Award®    2001

Toy Story 2

  

Best Original Song

Best Picture, Musical or Comedy

Best Original Song

  

Academy Award®

Golden Globe Award

Golden Globe Nominee

   2000

Geri’s Game

   Best Animated Short Film    Academy Award®    1998

A Bug’s Life

  

Best Musical Score

Best Original Score

  

Academy Award® Nominee

Golden Globe Nominee

   1998

Tin Toy

   Best Animated Short Film    Academy Award®    1988

Luxo, Jr.

   Best Animated Short Film    Academy Award®    1986

 

John Lasseter is Executive Vice President, Creative and the senior creative officer at Pixar. Mr. Lasseter is an Academy Award®-winning director and animator, the Director of Toy Story, A Bug’s Life, Toy Story 2 and Cars and Executive Producer for Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo and The Incredibles. In March 1996, Mr. Lasseter received a Special Achievement Oscar® from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for the development and application of techniques that made possible the first feature-length computer-animated film, Toy Story. In February 2004, Mr. Lasseter was awarded the Art Directors Guild’s coveted honorary Contribution to Cinematic Imagery Award. The Contribution to Cinematic Imagery Award is voted from time to time to an individual whose body of work in the film business has richly enhanced the visual aspects of the movie-going experience. Award-winning directors working with Mr. Lasseter include, among others, Andrew Stanton, Brad Bird and Pete Docter. Finding Nemo, released domestically on May 30, 2003, was written and directed by Academy Award®-winning Andrew Stanton, who served as co-director and co-screenwriter of A Bug’s Life and as co-screenwriter of Toy Story, Toy Story 2, and Monsters, Inc. Academy Award®-winning Brad Bird previously directed and wrote the screenplay of the critically acclaimed animated feature, The Iron Giant, and directed and wrote the multiple award-winning The Incredibles, which was released domestically on November 5, 2004. Pete

 

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Docter, the Director of Monsters, Inc., is an Academy Award®-nominee for his role in creating the original story for Toy Story. Mr. Docter and Mr. Stanton are currently working on projects outside of the term of the Co-Production Agreement.

 

Under each director is a strong creative team consisting of highly skilled story artists, animators and other artists trained in the art of animation, especially computer-animation. The story department is responsible for a project’s concept, treatment, outline, script, storyboards and story reels. The art department is responsible for the visual development of a project, including the design of characters, sets, color, textures, shading and lighting. Animators are responsible for bringing the characters to life. It is also common for creative contributions to come from the technical group. Our research and development department is responsible for creating and further advancing our distinctive computer animated visual effects, such as the moving fur in Monsters, Inc., the underwater “murk” in Finding Nemo and the human skin in The Incredibles. Our proprietary software tools enable artists unfamiliar with computers to become quickly skilled in the art of three-dimensional animation. All groups work closely together in an iterative process. We have a cooperative working environment and a non-hierarchical culture that encourages each member of the creative team, regardless of position or department, to consider the ideas of all other members of the team. See “Risk Factors — Our success depends on certain key employees.”

 

The success of each animated film developed and produced by us depends in large part upon our ability to develop and produce compelling stories and characters that will appeal to a broad audience. Traditionally, this process has been extremely difficult. While we have enjoyed box office success with all of our feature animated films to date, there can be no assurance that similar levels of success will be achieved by our subsequent films, including Cars and projects beyond the Co-Production Agreement. See “Risk Factors — In order for our feature films and related products to be successful, we must develop appealing creative content.”

 

Technology

 

Our technology is an important component of our films, and our research and development department is a key strategic asset. Members of this group were responsible for many of the award-winning inventions that make three-dimensional computer animation possible, including texturing, shading, motion blur, and cloth and human skin simulation. We continue to make a significant investment in technology in order to help maintain a competitive advantage in this dynamic fast-moving field.

 

We have three core proprietary technologies: (1) Marionette, an animation software system for articulating, animating and lighting, (2) Ringmaster, a production management software system for scheduling, coordinating and tracking of a computer animation project and (3) RenderMan®, a rendering software system for high quality photo-realistic image synthesis that we use internally and license to third parties. Each of these systems is critical to the production of our animated feature films and other animation products.

 

Marionette.    Marionette is our software system for articulating, animating and lighting for computer animation. Marionette is the primary software tool for animators and technical directors at Pixar. In contrast to many commercially available animation systems, which are designed to address product design, computer video games or cinematic special effects, Marionette has been designed and optimized for character articulation and animation. Marionette is used internally at Pixar on Linux and Unix workstations.

 

Ringmaster.    Ringmaster is a production management software system for scheduling, coordinating and tracking a computer animation project. Due to the enormous amount of data required in three-dimensional animation, accurate production information is essential for producing high quality animation. Our production coordination staff uses Ringmaster internally at Pixar to plan and track projects ranging from short animation projects to animated feature films.

 

A key component of Ringmaster is a distributed rendering system for managing the huge quantity of images and data that must be rendered to create our products. We do our rendering on a large array of powerful computers, which are dedicated to rendering 24 hours a day. These machines, which we call the RenderFarm, are connected via a local area network. To achieve the desired quality level, the average time to render a single frame at film resolution is between one and four hours. Since an animated feature film contains well over 100,000

 

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frames, each of which may be rendered several times in the production process, we typically have a large number of frames to render at any given time. To manage this process, Ringmaster coordinates and schedules all the processors in the RenderFarm. Ringmaster includes a compositing system and also maintains an array of disk drives as a central data repository for the digital image files generated by the rendering and compositing steps of the production process. Finally, Ringmaster controls the filming phase of production and is responsible for backing up shots for archival purposes.

 

RenderMan®.    RenderMan® is a rendering software system for high quality photo-realistic image synthesis that we use internally and also license to third parties. Today, RenderMan® is used by many major film studios and special effects firms. RenderMan® was designed to be easily portable. It is available on these popular platforms: Linux, Macintosh OSX, and Windows. For more information, see “Business Model and Products —RenderMan®.”

 

Relationship with Disney

 

Our relationship with Disney dates back to 1986, when we entered into a joint technical development effort with Disney that resulted in the Computer Assisted Production System (“CAPS”), a production system owned and used by Disney in some of its two-dimensional cel-based animated feature films. Disney first used CAPS for The Rescuers Down Under and has continued to use it for its subsequent animated feature films, such as The Lion King and Tarzan. In 1992, certain employees of Pixar and Disney were jointly awarded an Academy Award® for Scientific and Engineering Achievement for the development of CAPS.

 

In May 1991, we entered into a feature film agreement with Disney, which provided for the development, production and distribution of up to three feature-length motion pictures (the “Feature Film Agreement”). Toy Story was developed, produced and distributed under the Feature Film Agreement. In 1997, we extended our existing relationship with Disney by entering into the Co-Production Agreement. This agreement generally provides that we will be responsible for the development, pre-production and production of each Picture, while Disney will be responsible for the marketing, promotion, publicity, advertising and distribution of each Picture. The profits from the Pictures are shared equally between Pixar and Disney after Disney recovers a distribution fee and pre-agreed distribution costs. The term of this arrangement continues until the delivery of Cars to Disney.

 

We have produced six highly successful films to date. We believe that the success of our track record, combined with the strength of our financial resources, position us to negotiate a distribution arrangement that will provide us with more favorable economic terms and allow us to retain full ownership of our future films. Although we look forward to a more favorable agreement for films released after Cars, we also understand that such an agreement may increase some of the risks we face in the motion picture industry. See “Risk Factors — We face various distribution risks with respect to our feature films” and “Risk Factors — The Co-Production Agreement imposes several risks and restrictions on us.”

 

Co-Production Agreement

 

The following is a summary of the Co-Production Agreement, which was filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996 (the “1996 Form 10-K”). The following summary is not complete, and reference is made to the Co-Production Agreement filed as an exhibit to the 1996 Form 10-K. This summary is qualified in all respects by such reference. Before making an investment decision with respect to our Common Stock, we encourage you to read the Co-Production Agreement.

 

Overview.    On February 24, 1997, we entered into the Co-Production Agreement with Disney pursuant to which we, on an exclusive basis, agreed to produce the Pictures for distribution by Disney. Pixar and Disney agreed to co-finance the production costs of the Pictures, co-own the Pictures (with Disney having exclusive distribution and exploitation rights), co-brand the Pictures and share equally in the profits of each Picture and any related merchandise and other ancillary products, after recovery of all marketing and distribution costs (which are financed by Disney), a distribution fee paid to Disney and any other fees or costs, including any third-party participations. The Co-Production Agreement generally provides that we are responsible for the production of each Picture and that Disney is responsible for the marketing, promotion, publicity, advertising and distribution

 

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of each Picture. The first four original Pictures under the Co-Production Agreement were A Bug’s Life, Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo and The Incredibles, which were released in November 1998, November 2001, May 2003 and November 2004, respectively. Toy Story 2, the theatrical sequel to Toy Story, was released in November 1999, and is also governed by the Co-Production Agreement, although it does not count towards the Pictures because it was a sequel. The Co-Production Agreement also contemplates that with respect to theatrical sequels, made-for-home video sequels, television productions, interactive media products and other derivative works related to the Pictures, we will have the opportunity to co-finance and produce such products or to earn passive royalties on such products. We will not share in any theme park revenues generated as a result of the Pictures.

 

Production.    The Co-Production Agreement provides a green lighting mechanism for the five films to be developed and produced as Pictures. Cars was the fifth film to be green lit. Once the film has been green lit, we have final control over the production of the Picture. Disney is entitled to designate a representative at Pixar to monitor the production and production costs of the Pictures.

 

Financing of Development and Production.    Pixar and Disney share equally in the production costs of the Pictures. Production costs are defined in the Co-Production Agreement to mean all costs and expenses we incur directly related to or fairly allocable to the creation, development, pre-production, production, post-production and delivery to Disney of the Pictures. Production costs, whether capitalized as film costs or expensed as incurred, include, among other things, all carrying costs we incur for retention of employees for production purposes and their associated overhead expenses, the costs of all treatments we prepare for submission to Disney, all costs of computer hardware and software used to develop the Pictures, and fair allocations of all costs and expenses we incur that are associated with or benefiting the Picture, including research and development, general and administrative and overhead expenses. The Co-Production Agreement provides mechanisms for the establishment of production budgets for each Picture. We may not exceed these contractually established production budgets without Disney’s written approval, subject to certain limited exceptions.

 

Distribution.    Disney is solely responsible for financing the costs and expenses of the marketing, promotion, publicity, advertising and distribution of each Picture, subject to certain requirements, and has final control over all related decisions. Disney is obligated to consult with us regarding all such major marketing and distribution decisions, and we are entitled to designate a representative to monitor marketing and distribution of the Pictures. As the films under the Co-Production Agreement have been approved for production, Disney has committed initially to release each Picture within certain windows and not to release other Disney family films during certain windows. Further, each Picture is to be distributed and marketed under the Walt Disney Pictures brand (or the then current Disney brand for premier Disney movies) and is to be distributed and marketed by Disney in all markets and media and on a worldwide basis in a manner similar to that in which Disney then currently distributes and markets its premiere animated movies. In addition, the costs for marketing, distribution and promotion of the films and related products are incurred well in advance of the release of such films and products, and consequently, we experience a delay in the receipt of cash proceeds from such films and products until after Disney recovers such costs.

 

Division of Gross Receipts.    Pixar and Disney are entitled to share equally in all gross receipts remaining after deduction of (1) a distribution fee to Disney, (2) mutually agreed participations (payments to third parties such as actors, composers and other artists contingent upon the success of the Pictures), if any, paid by either Disney or us, and (3) Disney’s distribution costs. Gross receipts include all revenues or other consideration received by Disney from the exploitation of the Pictures and any related merchandise, books, soundtracks and other tangible personal property based upon the Pictures, as more specifically provided in the Co-Production Agreement (collectively, “Merchandise”), subject to certain exceptions relating primarily to receipts from Disney’s affiliates. Distribution costs are broadly defined in the Co-Production Agreement to include out-of-pocket costs paid (or in certain instances, accrued for payment) to a third party (or in certain instances, to Disney’s affiliates) by Disney or certain of its affiliates, provided that such out-of-pocket costs are directly related or fairly allocable to the distribution of the Pictures and Merchandise. Pursuant to the Co-Production Agreement, we receive statements and payments of our share of gross receipts monthly within 45 days after the end of each calendar month for the first three years after the film’s release then quarterly thereafter, subject to certain exceptions, and we have the right to audit Disney’s books and records relating to the Pictures and Merchandise.

 

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Derivative Works.    Subject to certain exceptions, Disney and Pixar have mutual control of the decision to develop, produce or otherwise exploit any derivative works (or to transfer or license any rights to exploit any derivative works) during the term of the Co-Production Agreement or thereafter. Derivative works include theatrical sequels such as Toy Story 2, made-for-home video sequels, television productions such as Buzz Lightyear of Star Command, interactive media products such as Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo and The Incredibles interactive games, and other derivative works as more specifically provided in the Co-Production Agreement (collectively, “Derivative Works”). Except in certain very limited circumstances, in the event of a disagreement over whether to proceed with a Derivative Work, Disney’s decision governs. We are to be given the option to co-finance and produce, or to participate on a passive financial basis with respect to, a Derivative Work that is (1) a theatrical motion picture, (2) a made-for-home video production, (3) a television production, (4) location-based entertainment that uses unique characters or other elements from any of the Pictures or Toy Story as its primary theme, or (5) an interactive product such as a CD-ROM, DVD, video game or arcade game (collectively, “Interactive Products”). Although Disney has given us the option to co-finance and co-produce theatrical sequels to A Bug’s Life, Toy Story 2, Monsters, Inc. and Finding Nemo, we have declined. Therefore, should Disney release these sequels, we will participate on a passive financial basis.

 

If we elect to co-finance and produce a Derivative Work, the Co-Production Agreement provides for the following:

 

(1) with respect to theatrical motion pictures and made-for-home video productions, the terms and conditions of the Co-Production Agreement are to be extended to cover such Derivative Works, subject to certain exceptions;

 

(2) with respect to (A) location-based entertainment using characters or other elements from a Picture or Toy Story as its primary theme and (B) television productions, Pixar and Disney are to agree mutually upon the terms and the conditions under which such work will be financed, produced and distributed, subject to certain specified requirements in the case of television productions; and

 

(3) with respect to Interactive Products, Disney and Pixar are to agree mutually upon the terms and conditions under which such Interactive Products shall be financed, produced and distributed, subject to certain commitments by Disney with respect to marketing and distribution and provided that there will be no distribution fee payable to Disney.

 

For live entertainment such as stage plays or ice shows, we are entitled to participate on a passive financial basis as specified in the Co-Production Agreement. For all other Derivative Works except theme parks, we are entitled to participate on a passive financial basis in such work and to receive a reasonable royalty to be mutually agreed upon if the work is a revenue-producing work. Disney has the sole and exclusive right in perpetuity to use, without compensation to us, each Picture, the characters there from and any story elements thereof in theme parks, location-based entertainment for which Picture or Toy Story characters or elements are not the primary theme and cruise ships.

 

A Derivative Work that is a theatrical motion picture does not count towards the five Pictures under the Co-Production Agreement. Accordingly, Toy Story 2 did not count as one of the five Pictures to be produced. Under the Co-Production Agreement, all provisions applicable to the original five Pictures apply to Toy Story 2 as well.

 

Creative Controls.    Pixar has full creative control of the production of Cars. The Co-Production Agreement provides for certain dispute resolution procedures in the event of a disagreement.

 

Brand/Credit.    The Co-Production Agreement sets forth Disney’s and Pixar’s intent that the Pixar brand be established as an equal brand to the Disney brand in connection with the Pictures, Merchandise and Derivative Works. The Co-Production Agreement provides that the Pixar logo, animated logo and credit shall be used in a manner that is perceptually equal to the Disney logo, animated logo and credit, subject to certain specific requirements.

 

Exclusivity.    We have agreed not to release or authorize the release of any feature-length animated theatrical motion picture we produce, other than the Pictures and Derivative Works we produce under the Co-Production Agreement, until twelve months from delivery of the fifth Picture, Cars, under the Co-Production

 

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Agreement. We further agreed that we would not enter into any agreement with any third party for the development, production or distribution of any feature-length animated theatrical motion picture until after we delivered the third Picture, Finding Nemo, to Disney under the Co-Production Agreement, which occurred in April 2003. We have also agreed that we will not develop or produce any rides or attractions for major theme parks not owned or operated by Disney, and to give Disney a right to negotiate with respect to animated television productions or animated made-for-home video productions that we propose to produce during the term of the Co-Production Agreement. Disney, however, is not similarly restricted by the exclusivity provisions that bind us under the Co-Production Agreement and, therefore, may develop, produce, or distribute other feature-length animated and computer-animated theatrical motion pictures itself or enter into similar agreements with third parties. See “— Competition.”

 

Proprietary Rights.    Under the Co-Production Agreement, the copyrights, trademarks and other intellectual property rights in and to the Pictures, all new and unique characters and story elements thereof and the audio- visual images thereof, and ancillary rights relating thereto, are jointly owned by Disney and Pixar on an undivided 50/50 basis, subject to our ownership rights in the technology and excluding any intellectual property rights previously owned by us or Disney. Disney has the exclusive distribution and exploitation rights with respect to the Pictures, Derivative Works and ancillary rights relating thereto. Under the Feature Film Agreement, Disney owns all of the proprietary rights associated with the first Toy Story film. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we own the copyright and all other intellectual property rights in and to all computer programs and other technology we develop or discover before, during or after the term of the Co-Production Agreement.

 

Term and Termination.    The term of the Co-Production Agreement continues until the delivery to Disney of Cars, the fifth Picture produced and financed under the Co-Production Agreement, unless earlier terminated. For example, Disney is entitled to terminate the Co-Production Agreement in the event that certain types of competitors directly or indirectly acquire or control a 50% or greater ownership interest in Pixar or Pixar merges or consolidates into a competitor. Upon termination by Disney pursuant to the example above, Disney has certain rights to compel us to complete works in production. In the event of termination, the Co-Production Agreement provides that its terms and conditions continue to apply with respect to Pictures, Merchandise and Derivative Works that we have delivered to Disney or which Disney elects to have completed, as well as all future Merchandise and future Derivative Works relating thereto, but otherwise terminates.

 

Effect on Prior Agreements.    All Derivative Works based on Toy Story including Toy Story 2 are to be governed by the Co-Production Agreement and not the original Feature Film Agreement. The original Feature Film Agreement now applies only to the rights and obligations of Disney and Pixar relating to the financial participation in, and the production and distribution of, the theatrical motion picture Toy Story and the financial participation in certain Merchandise related to Toy Story (unless gross receipts in any given month exceed a certain amount, in which case they will be subject to the Co-Production Agreement), subject to certain exceptions, and otherwise has no further force or effect. Additionally, under the Feature Film Agreement, Disney owns all of the proprietary rights associated with the first Toy Story film.

 

Competition

 

We experience intense competition with respect to our animated feature films, animation products, and software.

 

Animated Feature Films.    Our animated feature films compete and will continue to compete with family-oriented, animated and live action feature films and other family-oriented entertainment products produced by major movie studios, including Disney (as somewhat limited by the Co-Production Agreement), DreamWorks Animation SKG, Inc. (“DreamWorks”), Warner Bros. Entertainment (“Warner Bros.”), Sony Pictures Entertainment (“Sony”), Fox Entertainment Group Inc. (“Fox”), Paramount Pictures (“Paramount”), Lucasfilm Ltd. (“Lucasfilm”), Universal Studios, Inc. (“Universal”), MGM/UA, and Studio Ghibli as well as numerous other independent motion picture production companies.

 

In 2004, competition continued to intensify in the family-oriented, animated and live action feature film market. Some of the family-oriented animated and live action feature films that were released domestically

 

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during the 2004 holiday period that competed with The Incredibles, which was released domestically on November 5, 2004, included the following:

 

    Shark Tale by DreamWorks,

 

    The Polar Express by Warner Bros.,

 

    The SpongeBob Squarepants Movie by Paramount,

 

    National Treasure by Disney,