SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004
Commission File No. 0-22065
RADIANT SYSTEMS, INC.
A Georgia Corporation
(IRS Employer Identification No. 11-2749765)
3925 Brookside Parkway
Alpharetta, Georgia 30022
(770) 576-6000
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:
None
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:
Common Stock, no par value
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
The aggregate market value of the common stock of the registrant held by nonaffiliates of the registrant on June 30, 2004 was approximately $79,083,947 based on the closing price ($4.69) of the registrants common stock as reported on The Nasdaq National Market on that date. For the purposes of this response, officers, directors and holders of 10% or more of the registrants common stock are considered to be affiliates of the registrant at that date.
The number of shares outstanding of the registrants common stock, as of February 25, 2005, 29,103,489 shares of no par value common stock.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrants definitive proxy statement to be delivered to the shareholders in connection with the Registrants 2005 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference in response to Part III of this Report.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K of Radiant Systems, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Radiant, Company, we, us, or our) contains forward-looking statements. All statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including those made by the management of Radiant, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements regarding Radiants future financial results, operating results, business strategies, projected costs, products, competitive positions, managements plans and objectives for future operations, and industry trends. These forward-looking statements are based on managements estimates, projections and assumptions as of the date hereof and include the assumptions that underlie such statements. Forward-looking statements may contain words such as may, will, should, could, would, expect, plan, anticipate, believe, estimate, predict, potential, and continue, the negative of these terms, or other comparable terminology. Any expectations based on these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and other important factors, including those discussed below and in the section titled Risk Factors. Other risks and uncertainties are disclosed in Radiants prior Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings. These and many other factors could affect Radiants future financial condition and operating results and could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations based on forward-looking statements made in this document or elsewhere by Radiant or on its behalf. Radiant undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements.
The following information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report.
General
Founded in 1985 and headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, Radiant Systems, Inc. (the Company or Radiant) is a leading provider of store technology focused on the development, installation and delivery of solutions for managing site operations of retail and food service businesses.
Radiant focuses on delivering site management systems, including point-of-sale (POS), self-service kiosk, and back-office systems, designed specifically for the Companys three reportable segments of Hospitality, Petroleum and Convenience Retail and Entertainment (for selected financial information about our business segments, see Note 14 to our consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report). Radiants site management solutions include software products, site hardware, professional services and support services. Each product can be purchased independently or as a suite of integrated products to address the customers specific business needs. These products enable operators to drive top-line growth and improve bottom-line performance.
Radiant offers best-of-breed solutions designed for ease of integration with operators existing infrastructures. Radiants site management technology enables retail and food service operators to improve customer service while reducing costs. Radiant believes its approach to site management is unique in that its product solutions provide visibility and control at the site, field, and headquarters levels. Additionally, Radiant focuses on addressing the unique requirements of the highly specialized environments in which its customers operate. These environments require a high degree of reliability, specialized functionality, and peripheral compatibility. Using Radiants point-of-sale, customer self-service and back-office technology, businesses are able to improve customer service and loyalty, improve speed of service, increase revenue per transaction, and reduce fraud and shrink. Radiants full line of open, standards-based site management hardware allows operators to leverage advanced technology built specifically for the environment that they operate in.
Management believes its current generation of point-of-sale and customer self-service products, which utilizes Microsoft Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows XP Embedded, and Windows CE operating systems, represents an innovative platform based on an open, modular software and hardware architecture that offers increased functionality and stability compared to other systems in the marketplace, at a lower total cost of ownership.
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In January 2004, Radiant completed the split-off of its enterprise software business, now known as BlueCube Software, to Erez Goren, the Companys former Co-Chairman of the Board and Co-Chief Executive Officer. Radiant retained the right to sell and market the Enterprise Productivity Suite, including functionality such as workforce and supply chain management, through a reseller agreement with BlueCube Software. The disposition of the Enterprise segment has allowed the Company to focus its efforts on better serving its core markets and increase market penetration. This disposition has significantly improved the Companys 2004 profits and cash flow.
Also in 2004, Radiant completed the acquisitions of Aloha Technologies, a leading provider of point-of-sale systems for the hospitality/food service industry, and ENeeds, the leading provider of Film Management software and services in the North American exhibition industry. These were strategic acquisitions to assist in developing Radiants Hospitality and Entertainment segments. To the extent that Radiant believes acquisitions or joint ventures can better position it to serve its current segments, it will continue to pursue such opportunities in the future.
Hospitality Segment
Food service operators today face a highly competitive and challenging environment in which consumers demand convenience and great service and have an increasing number of dining options at their disposal. To meet these challenges, food service operators require new technology that enables them to improve speed of service, manage site operations more efficiently, and reduce the total cost of technology ownership. Systems must permit employees to increase the speed and accuracy with which they take an order, prepare the food, and fill the order, often accommodating numerous concurrent orders at multiple table-top, counter-top or drive-through locations. Operators need solutions to better manage menu and pricing functions, recipes and inventory, and schedule and track labor. Additionally, food service operators need the ability to centrally manage changes across sites and brands. Above-store managers need access to timely operational information in order to proactively make good business decisions across all sites. The market for automated information and transaction systems for restaurants is typically more advanced than in the convenience store and entertainment markets, but is highly fragmented and includes a large number of proprietary, closed systems. Radiant believes its technology enables food service operators to improve speed of service, manage site operations more efficiently, and reduce the total cost of technology ownership thereby increasing profits and customer satisfaction.
Radiant provides solutions to meet the unique needs of various hospitality industry segments including fast food/quick service restaurants, table service restaurants, hotels, stadiums and resorts. Radiants hospitality solutions encompass point of sale systems and integrated back office systems, self-service kiosks, customer loyalty programs, electronic gift card management, comprehensive reporting and systems management and centralized data management.
With the acquisition in January 2004 of substantially all of the assets of Aloha Technologies, a leading provider of point-of-sale systems for the hospitality/ food service industry, and certain affiliated entities of Aloha (collectively, Aloha), Radiant enhanced its presence in the hospitality industry, offering comprehensive solutions from advanced POS systems to self-service kiosks, customer loyalty systems, and integrated back-office solutions. In addition, Radiant accelerated the building of third-party reseller relationships through the acquisition of Aloha, which has a fully developed reseller network focused on the food service market both domestically and internationally The combined Hospitality segment consisting of key Radiant and Aloha personnel has become one of the premier technology providers for the hospitality industry.
Customers who have licensed or purchased Radiants Hospitality products and services include Burger King Corporation, Dunkin Brands, Inc., The Krystal Company, New World Restaurant Group, Schlotzskys, Ltd., CEC Entertainment, Inc., Carlson Restaurants Worldwide, Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc., Blimpie International, Inc., P. F. Changs China Bistro, Inc., Krispy Kreme Doughnut Corp., Chick-fil-A, Inc., Texas Roadhouse, Inc., Jamba Juice Company, RARE Hospitality International, Inc., Cosi, Inc., Damons International, Inc. and AFC Enterprises, Inc.
Petroleum and Convenience Retail Segment
Radiants petroleum and convenience retail segment provides site-oriented technologies such as point of sale, self service kiosk, outside payment terminals and integrated back office systems to petroleum and convenience retail operators worldwide. Additionally, Radiants system framework integrates with leading centralized pricebook management solutions. Radiants store technology helps petroleum and convenience retailers to manage fuel, merchandise sales, foodservice, electronic payments and customer loyalty programs. Radiants store technology solutions are designed to enable cost reductions and improve retailer operational efficiency while increasing customer satisfaction for retail customers.
In response to gross margin pressure, high employee turnover and extensive competition, convenience retailers are changing business models and pursuing new revenue channels including made-to-order food and expanded services such as car washes, lottery, and money orders. This shift has resulted in new growth opportunities for Radiant as convenience store operators require store automation to more efficiently manage their operations. High-volume retailers and grocery stores adding fuel and made-to-order food to their
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offerings represent additional growth opportunities for Radiant. As a result of the changes in the petroleum and convenience retail market, Radiant believes that its technology solutions will continue to have strong demand for the foreseeable future. Management also believes that based on the success of technology in recent years, and the positive return on investment associated with Radiants solutions, demand for new technology will remain strong from both new and existing customers.
Radiant believes that the international petroleum and convenience retail market represents an additional substantial growth opportunity. As of December 31, 2004, approximately 38% of Radiants Petroleum and Convenience Retail segment revenues were from international customers. Radiants Petroleum and Convenience Retail segment has over 1,500 customers worldwide. Customers who have licensed or purchased Radiants petroleum and convenience products and services include BP Amoco, p.l.c., ConocoPhillips, Holiday Stationstores, Kroger Corporation, Exxon Mobil Corporation, Royal Dutch/Shell Group of Companies, Repsol YPF, S.A., Sheetz, Inc., Speedway SuperAmerica, LLC, 7-Eleven Australia, Pty Ltd., Alimentation Couche-Tard, Amerada Hess and Wawa, Inc.
Entertainment Segment
Radiants entertainment solutions include innovative point of sale, self service kiosk and site management technology designed to help cinema operators drive growth and customer loyalty, while reducing costs and labor. Radiants solutions can be implemented individually and integrated with existing technology or deployed as an end-to-end system.
Radiant has a proven track record of delivering enhanced value for cinema operators including new offerings such as expanded concessions and foodservice, deploying self-service ticketing and concessions and implementing gift card programs. With over 36,000 cinema screens at more than 6,100 sites in the United States, cinema operators are focusing on implementing cost controls from headquarters. Radiant believes that cinema operators can improve customer service and profitability by implementing integrated site management systems that enable them to speed customer transactions, reduce lines, manage inventory, and schedule labor to meet variations in traffic. Due to the lack of end user market growth and Radiants high penetration in this segment, Radiant does not expect significant growth in this segment over the near term.
In April 2004, Radiant acquired E-Needs, the leading provider of Film Management software and services in the North American exhibition industry. Film Management is a critical component of exhibitors headquarters operations. The E-Needs acquisition will allow Radiants Entertainment segment to provide product and services to exhibition headquarters operations, thereby opening an incremental market opportunity. Other products and services will be built off of the E-Needs platform for above store operations. These capabilities will be a key differentiator in this competitive market going forward.
Radiants Entertainment segment has approximately 100 customers in the United States and Canada. Customers who have licensed or purchased Radiants entertainment products and services include AMC Entertainment, Lowes Cineplex Entertainment, Showcase Cinemas, The Marcus Corporation, Muvico Theaters, Wehrenberg Theatres and Mann Theatres.
Products and Services
Radiant provides a wide range of products and services to its customers in the hospitality and retail industries. The product strategy is to provide targeted solutions to each of these segments to allow customers to increase revenue through more frequent consumer visits, greater revenues per visit, faster transactions and more efficient site operations.
Point-of-Sale
Radiants point-of-sale systems increase speed and quality of service, minimize user training, and provide mission-critical reliability. The point-of-sale systems can be integrated with Radiants back-office system or third party back-office applications. Radiants point-of-sale software runs on IBM, NCR, PAR, WincorNixdorf, and Radiant hardware. Additionally, Radiants point-of-sale hardware supports Radiant point-of-sale software and third-party point-of-sale software products that adhere to open standards. Radiants point-of-sale terminals offer an open architecture, retail-hardened design, comprehensive support and return-to-service programs, and run on Windows CE, Windows XP, Windows XP Embedded, and Windows 2000.
Customer Self-Service
Within many markets of the retail and food service industry, customer self-service has emerged as a preferred ordering and transaction method. Radiant has an easy to use, consumer-activated system that allows a consumer to purchase tickets, place a food order, pay with a credit card, make inquiries, and view promotions through the use of a touch screen application. The software development environment and authoring tools allow various media such as video clips, logos, pictures, and recordings to be quickly integrated into a consumer-friendly application.
Management believes consumer self-service kiosks allow food service and cinema operators to accelerate speed of service, increase revenues through suggestive up-selling, increase order accuracy, capture consumer information at the point-of-sale, increase labor productivity, and respond quickly to changing consumer preferences. Radiants customer self-service products help operators create a uniform and repeatable approach to customer service while improving revenue.
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eServices Systems
Operators in all of our segments have varying requirements for back office systemsfrom the most basic site-based technology to the most advanced centralized back office system. In addition, many operators need to move up to next-generation point-of-sale products, but retain an adequate back office infrastructure. While Radiant has traditionally focused on serving large operators with very sophisticated back office requirements, management believes that Radiant can expand its market position by integrating its best-of-breed point-of-sale and customer self service technology with the Aloha developed eService systems or through leading third-party back-office systems. This will provide operators the flexibility to deploy the Radiant site management solution with basic site-based back-office capabilities, a powerful Web-based back office or an existing back office infrastructure.
Radiants headquarters-based management system permits store operators to manage individual sites from headquarters including inventory management, price book management, purchasing and receiving, decision support tools and reporting. Radiants back-office software provides operators with the capabilities to manage employees and inventory, automate daily reports, analyze costs, and forecast results. Additionally, these systems provide the means for operators to easily gather point-of-sale and management information including current sales monitoring.
Professional Services
Professional services are an essential component of the Radiant solution. Radiants professional services play a critical role in the successful design, implementation, application, installation and integration of Radiants solutions. Radiants professional services include consulting, customization, training and integration.
The market for Radiants professional services is intensely competitive. Radiant believes the principal competitive factors are the professional qualifications, expertise and experience of individual consultants. In the market for professional services, Radiant competes with Accenture, Ltd., Capgemini, Electronic Data Systems, Inc., International Business Machines and other systems integrators.
Maintenance and Client Support
Radiant offers client support on a 24-hour basis, a service that historically has been purchased by a majority of its clients which also entitles the client to product upgrades. In some cases, hardware support is provided by third parties. Radiant can remotely access its clients systems in order to perform quick diagnostics and provide on-line assistance. The annual support option is typically priced at a percentage of the software and hardware cost. Additionally, Radiant offers its clients hardware and software maintenance and unspecified software enhancements. Revenue from support and maintenance is recognized ratably over the term of the agreement.
Sales and Marketing
Through a focused and dedicated sales effort designed to address the requirements of the petroleum and convenience retail, food service, and entertainment industries, Radiant believes its sales force is positioned to understand its customers businesses, trends in the marketplace, competitive products, and opportunities for new product development. This allows Radiant to take a consultative approach to working with customers.
Radiants sales personnel focus on selling its technology solutions to major customers, both domestically and internationally. All sales personnel are compensated with a base salary and commission based on revenue quotas, gross margins, and other profitability measures.
A large portion of the food service and convenience store market is comprised of small businesses. Prior to 2004, Radiant primarily built its business on serving large operators. However, over the last several years, Radiant has increased investments in developing relationships with third party resellers to distribute their products. Radiant accelerated the building of these relationships in the hospitality/food service industry through the acquisition of Aloha, which has a fully developed reseller network focused on the food service market both domestically and internationally.
While serving and meeting the expectations of large operators remains a top priority, Radiant intends to serve the needs of all operators within its segments. To better serve the small to medium-size market, Radiant will continue to develop the reseller channel and package its solutions in a manner that is easy for operators to afford, implement, and support. Radiants strategy is to deliver rich products that are easy to implement and support, establish a strong presence within critical franchised brands, and support resellers with strong operational tools.
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In 2004 the Companys international revenues accounted for approximately 17.3% of total revenues. Management believes that this percentage can be increased substantially in the coming years. The growing number of large, multi-national companies who are among Radiants major North American customers together with its successful record of implementing solutions with retailers in Western Europe, Eastern Europe and Asia positions Radiant to make additional progress internationally in the future. Additionally, the majority of Radiants current business outside the United States has been in the petroleum and convenience retail market. Management believes there is opportunity for significant growth in the food service and entertainment markets outside the United States. Currently, Radiant has more than 100 employees in Europe, Asia and Australia. Radiant has previously executed international projects in Australia, Canada, Spain, the Czech Republic, Hong Kong, Hungary, Japan, Macau, Malaysia, Poland, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Kingdom. Radiant currently has offices in Melbourne, Prague, and Singapore and representation in the United Kingdom, Spain and Central and South America.
To date, Radiants primary marketing objectives have been to increase awareness of Radiants technology solutions and generate sales leads. To this end, Radiant attends industry trade shows, conducts direct marketing programs, and selectively advertises in industry publications. Radiant intends to increase its sales and marketing activities both domestically and internationally. Additionally, Radiant intends to continue expanding an independent distribution network to sell and service its products to certain segments of the domestic and international markets.
Radiants business is usually seasonal and cyclical in nature, based on the capital equipment investment patterns of its customers. These expenditure patterns are based on many factors, including customer capital expenditure budget constraints, the development of new technologies, global and regional economic conditions, changes in the pricing and promotion policies of the Company and its competitors and domestic and international holidays.
During 2004, 2003 and 2002, no one customer made up 10% or more of the Companys revenues. In 2004, the Company was party to certain contracts with the U.S. Government, which contained standard termination for convenience clauses. The Company does not anticipate any material adverse financial impact if the U.S. Government elects to exercise its rights under this termination clause.
Product Development
The products sold by the Company are subject to rapid and continual technological change. Products available from the Company, as well as from its competitors, have increasingly offered a wider range of features and capabilities. The Company believes that in order to compete effectively in its selected markets, it must provide compatible systems incorporating new technologies at competitive prices. In order to achieve this, the Company has made a substantial ongoing commitment to research and development. During 2004, 2003 and 2002, Radiant incurred approximately $14.8 million, $12.1 million and $11.8 million, respectively in product development costs.
Radiants product development strategy is focused on creating common technology elements that can be leveraged in applications across its core markets. Radiants software architecture is based on open platforms and is modular, thereby allowing it to be phased into a customers operations. Radiant has developed numerous applications running on Microsoft Windows-based platforms, including Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows XP Embedded, and Windows CE. The software architecture incorporates Microsofts Component Object Model, providing an efficient environment for application development.
Radiant is currently designing, coding and testing a number of new products and developing expanded functionality of its current products that will be important for it to remain competitive. In addition, Radiant strives to achieve compatibility between its products and products that are, or that Radiant believes will become, popular and widely adopted.
Manufacturing, Raw Materials and Supplies
Radiants manufacturing activities consist primarily of assembling various commercial and proprietary components into finished systems in Georgia. Manufacturing requires some raw materials, including a wide variety of mechanical and electrical components, to be manufactured to Radiants specifications. Radiant uses numerous companies to supply parts, components and subassemblies for the manufacture and support of its products. Although Radiant makes reasonable efforts to assure that parts are available from multiple qualified suppliers, this is not always possible. Accordingly, some key parts may be obtained only from a single supplier or a limited group of suppliers. Radiant has sought, and will continue to seek, to minimize the risk of production and service interruptions and/or shortages of key parts by: (1) qualifying and selecting alternate suppliers for key parts; (2) monitoring the financial condition of key suppliers; (3) maintaining appropriate inventories of key parts; and (4) qualifying new parts on a timely basis.
Market Background and Trends
Successful retail and food service operators increasingly require information systems that capture detailed consumer activity data at the point-of-sale and store and transport that data in an easy-to-access fashion. Early technology innovators in the retail and
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food service industries deployed robust, integrated information systems at the point-of-sale and used the information to react quickly to changing consumer preferences, ultimately gaining market share in the process. In addition, integrated information systems helped these early innovators achieve operational efficiencies. Many large national retail and food service companies have followed suit by investing in proprietary information systems.
For many types of retail and food service operators, however, this type of information system did not make economic or business sense. In particular, merchants with a large number of relatively small sites, such as convenience stores, petroleum retail sites, and food service and entertainment venues, generally have not been able to cost-effectively develop and deploy sophisticated, enterprise-wide information systems. Economic and standardization problems for these markets are exacerbated by the fact that many sites operate as franchises, dealerships or under other decentralized ownership and control structures. Without an investment in technology, these operators continue to depend on labor and paper to process transactions. Radiants management believes that high labor costs, lack of centralized management control of distributed sites, and inadequate informational reporting, together with emerging technology trends, have caused many of these retail and food service businesses to reexamine how technology solutions can benefit their operations.
Typically, the existing information systems in these industries consist of stand-alone devices such as cash registers or other point-of-sale systems with little or no integration with either the back office of the site or an enterprise-wide information system. Implementation of information systems providing this functionality typically involves multiple vendors and an independent systems integration firm. The resulting proprietary solutions are often difficult to support and have inherently high risks associated with implementation. Management believes that technology solutions that are highly functional and scalable, relatively inexpensive, and easy to deploy are critical for successful penetration in these markets.
In the absence of an integrated solution, operators in these markets typically rely on manual reporting to capture data on site activity and disseminate it to different levels of management. Basic information on consumers (i.e., who they are, when they visit and what they buy) is not captured in sufficient detail, at the right time or in a manner that can be communicated easily to others in the organization. Similarly, information such as price changes does not flow from headquarters to individual sites in a timely manner. In addition, communications with vendors often remain manual, involving paperwork, delays and other process-related problems.
Recent trends in the retail and food service industries have accelerated the need for information and have heightened demand for feature-rich operational systems. Based in part upon industry association reports and other studies, as well as Radiants experience in marketing its products, Radiant believes consumer preferences have shifted away from brand loyalty toward value and convenience, creating a greater need for timely data concerning consumer buying patterns and preferences. Management also believes that convenient consumer-activated ordering and payment systems, such as automated kiosks, ATMs, voice response units and pay at the pump systems have become important to retailers, food service providers, and cinema operators that wish to retain and build a customer base. Additionally, through the use of integrated systems, retail and food service businesses can improve operational efficiencies through better management of inventory, purchasing, merchandising, pricing, promotions and shrinkage control. Management believes that the ability to provide tight system integration to a variety of industry standard back office solutions can enable customers to improve control and enforce best practices across operational sites. Furthermore, management believes that the constant flow of information among the point-of-sale, the back office, headquarters, and the supply chain has become a key competitive advantage in the retail and food service industries, resulting in operators demanding more sophisticated and easily integrated solutions from their systems vendors. In a parallel development, technological advances have improved the capability of information systems that are available. With the price of computing power declining, technology investments have become economically feasible for many retail and food service businesses. Furthermore, computing power has become increasingly flexible and distributable, facilitating data capture and processing by applications located at the point-of-sale. Also, front-end graphical user interfaces have made systems easier to use, which reduces training time and transaction costs and facilitates more types of consumer-activated applications.
Economic Conditions within the Market Place
In the early 2000s, Radiant was impacted both directly and indirectly by declining global economic conditions. The retail industry was cautious of investment in information technology during difficult economic times which resulted in reduced budgets and spending. This impacted Radiant through reduced revenues, elongated selling cycles, delay in product implementation and increased competitive margin pressure. While these impacts have occurred in recent periods, the longer term impact has been on technology spending habits. The general economic conditions are showing definite signs of improvement; however, buying patterns have changed. Demand has shifted from large scale enterprise wide investments to more targeted investments with quicker deployment requirements. As a result, Radiant expects its revenue base to shift from primarily large dollar purchases by a limited number of customers to a mix of smaller sized purchases by an increased number of customers in a given period. In addition, pricing has been cut by competitors creating the potential for long-term reductions in product margins. Radiants expectations for future periods are based on its current view that the major global markets will continue to experience an improvement in economic conditions. Given the uncertain nature of the economic environment, these trends could change quickly and have a direct impact on Radiants results.
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Competition
The markets in which Radiant operates are intensely competitive. Radiant believes the principal competitive factors include product quality, reliability, performance, price, vendor and product reputation, financial stability, features and functions, ease of use and quality of support and degree of integration effort required with other systems.
Within the retail market, Radiant believes it is uniquely positioned with its exclusive focus on providing site management systems for petroleum and convenience, food service, and entertainment businesses and Radiants ability to commercialize its technology and continually improve its products, processes and services, as well as its ability to develop new products that meet constantly evolving customer requirements. Radiant competitors include International Business Machines, Corp., NCR Corporation, VeriFone, Inc. (owned by Gores Technology Group, an international acquisition and management company), Dresser Wayne, Retalix, Ltd., Pacer/CATS (owned by Clarity Commerce Solutions plc), Micros Systems, Inc., Par Technology Corporation, Danaher Corporation, Panasonic, The Pinnacle Corporation, InfoGenesis, and others that provide point-of-sale and site management systems with varying degrees of functionality.
The Company could also be faced with new market entrants attempting to develop fully integrated systems targeting the retail industry. Radiant believes the risk of this happening is small due to the significant amount of time and effort required to create point-of-sale and back-office headquarters-based management systems and due to the detailed knowledge required of a retailers operations at local sites and headquarters to duplicate the functionality of these products.
In the market for consulting services, the Company competes with various companies. See Products and Services Professional Services for additional information. Many of the Companys existing competitors, as well as a number of potential new competitors, have significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Company.
Proprietary Rights
Radiants success and ability to compete is dependent in part upon its proprietary technology, including its software source code. To protect its proprietary technology, Radiant relies on a combination of trade secret, nondisclosure, copyright and patent law, which may afford only limited protection. In addition, effective copyright and trade secret protection may be unavailable or limited in certain foreign countries. Although Radiant relies on the limited protection afforded by such intellectual property laws, it also believes that factors such as the technological and creative skills of its personnel, new product developments, frequent product enhancements, name recognition and reliable maintenance are essential to establishing and maintaining a technology leadership position. Radiant presently has four patents and two patents pending. The source code for Radiants various proprietary software products is protected both as a trade secret and as a copyrighted work. Radiant generally enters into confidentiality or license agreements with its employees, consultants and customers and generally controls access to and distribution of its software, documentation and other proprietary information. Although Radiant restricts its customers use of Radiants software and does not permit the resale, sublicense or other transfer of such software, there can be no assurance that unauthorized use of Radiants technology will not occur.
Despite the measures taken by Radiant to protect its proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to reverse engineer or copy aspects of Radiants products or to obtain and use information that Radiant regards as proprietary. Policing unauthorized use of Radiants products is difficult. In addition, litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce Radiants intellectual property rights, such as to protect Radiants trade secrets, to determine the validity and scope of Radiants or others proprietary rights, or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could have a material adverse effect on Radiants business, operating results and financial condition.
Certain technology used in conjunction with Radiants products is licensed from third parties, generally on a non-exclusive basis. These licenses usually require Radiant to pay royalties and fulfill confidentiality obligations. Radiant believes that there are alternative sources for each of the material components of technology licensed by Radiant from third parties. However, the termination of any of these licenses, or the failure of the third-party licensors to adequately maintain or update their products, could result in a delay in Radiants ability to ship certain of its products while it seeks to implement technology offered by alternative sources. Any required alternative licenses could prove costly. Also, any such delay, to the extent it becomes extended or occurs at or near the end of a fiscal quarter, could result in a material adverse effect on Radiants business, operating results and financial condition. While it may be necessary or desirable in the future to obtain other licenses relating to one or more of Radiants products or relating to current or future technologies, there can be no assurance that Radiant will be able to do so on commercially reasonable terms or at all.
There can be no assurance that Radiant will not become the subject of infringement claims or legal proceedings by third parties with respect to current or future products. In addition, Radiant may initiate claims or litigation against third parties for infringement of Radiants proprietary rights or to establish the validity of Radiants proprietary rights. Defending against any such claim could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, cause product shipment delays or force Radiant to enter into royalty or license agreements rather than dispute the merits of such claims. Moreover, an adverse outcome in litigation or similar adversarial proceedings could
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subject Radiant to significant liabilities to third parties, require the expenditure of significant resources to develop non-infringing technology, require disputed rights to be licensed from others or require Radiant to cease the marketing or use of certain products, any of which could have a material adverse effect on Radiants business, operating results and financial condition. To the extent Radiant desires or is required to obtain licenses to patents or proprietary rights of others, there can be no assurance that any such licenses will be made available on terms acceptable to Radiant, if at all. As the number of software products in the industry increases and the functionality of these products further overlaps, Radiant believes that software developers may become increasingly subject to infringement claims. Any such claims against Radiant, with or without merit, as well as claims initiated by Radiant against third parties, can be time consuming and expensive to defend, prosecute or resolve.
Employees
As of December 31, 2004, Radiant employed 798 persons. None of Radiants employees is represented by a collective bargaining agreement nor has Radiant experienced any work stoppages. Radiant considers its relations with its employees to be good.
Radiants future operating results depend in significant part upon the continued service of its key technical, consulting and senior management personnel and its continuing ability to attract and retain highly qualified technical and managerial personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense, and there can be no assurance that Radiant will retain its key managerial or technical personnel or attract such personnel in the future. Radiant has at times experienced and continues to experience difficulty recruiting qualified personnel, and there can be no assurance that Radiant will not experience such difficulties in the future. Radiant, either directly or through personnel search firms, actively recruits qualified product development, consulting and sales and marketing personnel. If Radiant is unable to hire and retain qualified personnel in the future, such inability could have a material adverse effect on Radiants business, operating results and financial condition.
Environmental Matters
The Company believes that it is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable environmental laws and does not anticipate that such compliance will have a material effect on its future capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position with respect to any of its operations.
Available Information
Radiant maintains a website at www.radiantsystems.com. Radiant makes available free of charge its annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K on its website as soon as practicable after such reports are filed with the SEC. These filings can be accessed through the Investor Relations page on Radiants website. Radiants common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol RADS.
Risk Factors
In addition to the other information contained in this Report, the following risks should be considered carefully in evaluating Radiant and its business.
The Company has generated operating losses in the past and an investment in the Companys common stock is extremely speculative and involves a high degree of risk.
The Company anticipates that completing its products under development, and marketing existing products and new releases will require additional ongoing expenditures, while the majority of the Companys revenues are not guaranteed. Accordingly, an investment in the Companys common stock is extremely speculative in nature and involves a high degree of risk.
The Companys revenues are significantly concentrated in the convenience store and the hospitality and food service markets and the demand for the Companys products and services in these markets could be disproportionately affected by instability or a downturn in either market. In the convenience store market, the Company is highly dependent on a limited number of clients, the loss of one or more of which could have a material adverse effect on its business, operating results and financial condition.
Approximately 40.1%, 55.3% and 60.0% of the Companys total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively, were attributed to the convenience store market and approximately 43.9%, 20.8% and 19.4% of the Companys total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively were attributed to the hospitality and food service market. The hospitality and food service and convenience store markets are affected by a variety of factors, including global and regional instability, governmental policy and regulation, natural disasters, consumer buying habits, consolidation in the petroleum industry, war and general economic conditions. Adverse developments in either market could materially and adversely affect the Companys business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, the Company believes the purchase of its products is relatively discretionary and generally involves a significant commitment of capital, because purchases of the Companys products are
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often accompanied by large scale hardware purchases. As a result, although the Company believes its products can assist food service operators and convenience stores in a competitive environment, demand for the Companys products and services could be disproportionately affected by instability or downturns in the hospitality and food service market and/or convenience store market which may cause clients to exit the industry or delay, cancel or reduce planned for information management systems and software products.
During the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, approximately 23.5%, 25.6% and 29.9%, respectively, of the Companys revenues were derived from five convenience store clients. The loss of one or more of these clients could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
The Company may be required to defer recognition of revenues on its software products which may have a material adverse effect on its financial results.
The Company may be required to defer recognition of revenues for a significant period of time after entering into a license agreement for a variety of reasons, including:
| | transactions that include both currently deliverable software products and software products that are under development or other undeliverable elements; |
| | transactions where the client demands services that include significant modifications, customizations or complex interfaces that could delay product delivery or acceptance; |
| | transactions that involve acceptance criteria that may preclude revenue recognition or if there are identified product-related issues, such as performance issues; and |
| | transactions that involve payment terms or fees that depend upon contingencies. |
Because of the factors listed above and other specific requirements under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for software revenue recognition, the Company must have very precise terms in its license agreements in order to recognize revenue when it initially delivers software or performs services. Although the Company has a standard form of license agreement that meets the criteria under GAAP for current revenue recognition on delivered elements, it negotiates and revises these terms and conditions in some transactions. Negotiation of mutually acceptable terms and conditions can extend the sales cycle, and sometimes result in deferred revenue recognition well after the time of delivery or project completion.
The Companys failure to effectively manage its growth could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
The growth in the size and complexity of the Companys business and the expansion of its product lines and its client base may place a significant strain on the Companys management and operations. An increase in the demand for the Companys products could strain the Companys resources or result in delivery problems, delayed software releases, slow response time, or insufficient resources for assisting clients with implementation of the Companys products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, operating results and financial condition. The Company anticipates that continued growth, if any, will require it to recruit, hire and assimilate a substantial number of new employees, including consulting, product development, sales and marketing personnel.
The Companys ability to compete effectively and to manage future growth, if any, also will depend on its ability to continue to implement and improve operational, financial and management information systems on a timely basis and to expand, train, motivate and manage its work force, particularly its direct sales force and consulting services organization. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to manage any future growth, and any failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
The Company may be unable to find suitable acquisition candidates and may not be able to successfully integrate businesses that may be acquired into the Companys operations.
As part of its operating history and growth strategy, the Company has acquired other businesses. In the future, the Company may continue to seek acquisition candidates in selected markets and from time to time it engages in exploratory discussions with suitable candidates. There can be no assurance, however, that the Company will be able to identify and acquire targeted businesses or obtain
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efinancing for such acquisitions on satisfactory terms. The process of integrating acquired businesses into the Companys operations may result in unforeseen difficulties and may require a disproportionate amount of resources and management attention. In particular, the integration of acquired technologies with the Companys existing products could cause delays in the introduction of new products. In connection with future acquisitions, the Company may incur significant charges to earnings as a result of, among other things, the write-off of purchased research and development. Future acquisitions may be financed through the issuance of common stock, which may dilute the ownership of the Companys shareholders, or through the incurrence of additional indebtedness. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that competition for acquisition candidates will not escalate, thereby increasing the costs of making acquisitions or making suitable acquisitions unattainable.
The Companys revenues and results of operations are difficult to predict and may fluctuate substantially from quarter to quarter which could negatively affect the trading price of the Companys common stock.
The Companys revenues and results of operations are difficult to predict and may fluctuate substantially from quarter to quarter. These fluctuations can adversely affect the Companys business and the market price of its stock. License revenues in any quarter depend substantially upon the Companys total contracting activity and its ability to recognize revenues in that quarter in accordance with its revenue recognition policies. The Companys contracting activity is difficult to forecast for a variety of reasons, including the following:
| | a significant portion of the Companys license agreements are typically completed within the last few weeks of the quarter; |
| | the Companys sales cycle is relatively long and varies as a result of the Companys expanding its product line and broadening its software product applications to cover a clients overall business; |
| | the size of license transactions can vary significantly; |
| | the possibility that economic downturns are characterized by decreased product demand, price erosion, technological shifts, work slowdowns and layoffs may substantially reduce contracting activity; |
| | clients may unexpectedly postpone or cancel anticipated system replacement or new system evaluations due to changes in their strategic priorities, project objectives, budgetary constraints or company management; |
| | client evaluations and purchasing processes vary significantly from company to company, and a clients internal approval and expenditure authorization process can be difficult and time consuming, even after selection of a vendor; |
| | changes in the Companys pricing policies and discount plans may affect client purchasing patterns; |
| | the number, timing and significance of the Companys and its competitors software product enhancements and new software product announcements may affect purchase decisions; and |
| | the introduction of new research and development projects requires the Company to increase significantly its operating expenses to fund greater levels of product development and to develop and commercialize additional products and services. To the extent that such expenses precede or are not subsequently followed by increased revenues, the Companys business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected. |
In addition, the Companys expense levels, operating costs and hiring plans are based on projections of future revenues and are relatively fixed. If the Companys actual revenues fall below expectations, its net income is likely to be disproportionately adversely affected.
Due to all of the foregoing factors, in some future quarters the Companys operating results may fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors. In such event, the trading price of the Companys common stock would likely be materially and adversely affected.
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The Company is highly dependent on a limited number of clients, the loss of one or more of which could have a material adverse effect on its business.
The Company sells systems and services to a limited number of large clients. During 2004, approximately 26.1% of the Companys revenues were derived from five clients while, during 2003 and 2002 approximately 28.9% and 32.7%, respectively, of the Companys revenues were derived from five clients. There can be no assurance that the loss of one or more of these clients will not have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
The Company has traditionally depended on its installed client base for future revenues from services and licenses of other products. If existing clients fail to renew their maintenance agreements, the Companys revenues could decrease. The maintenance agreements are generally renewable annually at the option of the clients and there are no mandatory payment obligations or obligations to license additional software. Therefore, current clients may not necessarily generate significant maintenance revenues in future periods. In addition, clients may not purchase additional products or services. Any downturn in software license revenue could result in lower services revenues in future quarters.
The Companys success will depend on its ability to develop new products and to adapt to rapid technological change.
The Company has a substantial ongoing commitment to research and development. In this regard, the Company is currently designing, coding and testing a number of new products and developing expanded functionality of its current products that will be important for the Company to remain competitive. The types of products sold by the Company are subject to rapid and continual technological change. Products available from the Company, as well as from its competitors, have increasingly offered a wider range of features and capabilities. The Company believes that in order to compete effectively in selected vertical markets, it must provide compatible systems incorporating new technologies at competitive prices. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue funding research and development at levels sufficient to enhance its current product offerings or will be able to develop and introduce on a timely basis new products that keep pace with technological developments and emerging industry standards and address the evolving needs of clients. There can also be no assurance that the Company will not experience difficulties that will result in delaying or preventing the successful development, introduction and marketing of new products in its existing markets or that its new products and product enhancements will adequately meet the requirements of the marketplace or achieve any significant degree of market acceptance. Likewise, there can be no assurance as to the acceptance of Company products in new markets, nor can there be any assurance as to the success of the Companys penetration of these markets, or to the revenue or profit margins with respect to these products. The inability of the Company, for any reason, to develop and introduce new products and product enhancements in a timely manner in response to changing market conditions or client requirements could materially adversely affect the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
In addition, the Company strives to achieve compatibility between the Companys products and retail systems the Company believes are or will become popular and widely adopted. The Company invests substantial resources in development efforts aimed at achieving such compatibility. Any failure by the Company to anticipate or respond adequately to technology or market developments could materially adversely affect the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
The Company operates in a highly competitive market and can make no assurance that it will be able to compete successfully against its current or future competitors.
The market for retail information systems is intensely competitive. The Company believes the principal competitive factors in such market are product quality, reliability, performance and price, vendor and product reputation, financial stability, features and functions, ease of use and quality of support and degree of integration effort required with other systems. A number of companies offer competitive products addressing certain of the Companys target markets. See Business Segments for further information about the Companys competitors. In addition, the Company believes that new market entrants may attempt to develop fully integrated systems targeting the retail industry. In the market for consulting services, the Company competes with various systems integrators. Many of the Companys existing competitors, as well as a number of potential new competitors, have significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Company. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully against its current or future competitors or that competition will not have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
Additionally, the Company competes with a variety of hardware and software vendors. Some of the Companys competitors may have advantages over the Company due to their significant worldwide presence, longer operating and product development history, and substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources. If competitors offer more favorable payment terms and/or more favorable contractual implementation terms or guarantees, the Company may need to lower prices or offer other favorable terms in order to compete successfully. Any such changes would be likely to reduce margins.
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The Companys increased investment in the international market could expose it to risks in addition to those experienced in the United States.
The Companys international revenues represented 17.3% or $23.3 million of the Companys total revenues in 2004 and the Company continues to invest in expanding its international operations. The global reach of the Companys business could cause it to be subject to unexpected, uncontrollable and rapidly changing events and circumstances in addition to those experienced in domestic locations. The following factors, among others, present risks that could have an adverse impact on the Companys business operating results and financial condition:
| | the Company may be unable to replicate its previous international revenues; |
| | conducting business in currencies other than United States dollars subjects the Company to currency controls and fluctuations in currency exchange rates. The Company may be unable to hedge the currency risk in some transactions because of uncertainty or the inability to reasonably estimate its foreign exchange exposure; |
| | increased cost and development time required to adapt the Companys products to local markets; |
| | lack of experience in a particular geographic market; |
| | legal, regulatory, social, political, labor or economic conditions in a specific country or region, including loss or modification of exemptions for taxes and tariffs, and import and export license requirements; and |
| | operating costs in many countries are higher than in the United States. |
The loss of key personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
The Companys future success depends in part on the performance of its executive officers and key employees. The Company does not have in place employment agreements with any of its executive officers. The loss of the services of any of its executive officers or other key employees could have a material adverse effect on the business, operating results and financial condition of the Company.
The Companys inability to attract, hire or retain the necessary technical and managerial and finance personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
The Company is heavily dependent upon its ability to attract, retain and motivate skilled technical and managerial personnel, especially highly skilled engineers involved in ongoing product development and consulting personnel who assist in the development and implementation of the Companys total business solutions. The market for such individuals is intensely competitive. Due to the critical role of the Companys product development and consulting staffs, the inability to recruit successfully or the loss of a significant part of its product development or consulting staffs would have a material adverse effect on the Company. The software industry is characterized by a high level of employee mobility and aggressive recruiting of skilled personnel. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to retain its current personnel, or that it will be able to attract, assimilate or retain other highly qualified technical and managerial personnel in the future. The inability to attract, hire or retain the necessary technical and managerial personnel could have a material adverse effect upon the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
The Companys success and ability to compete is dependent upon its ability to protect its proprietary technology.
The Companys success and ability to compete is dependent in part upon its ability to protect its proprietary technology. The Company relies on a combination of patent, copyright and trade secret laws and non-disclosure agreements to protect this proprietary technology. The Company enters into confidentiality and non-compete agreements with its employees and license agreements with its clients and potential clients, which limits access to and distribution of its software, documentation and other proprietary information. There can be no assurance that the steps taken by the Company to protect its proprietary rights will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of its technology or that the Companys competitors will not independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to the Companys technology. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect the Companys proprietary rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.
Certain technology used in conjunction with the Companys products is licensed from third parties, generally on a non-exclusive basis. The termination of any such licenses, or the failure of the third-party licensors to adequately maintain or update their products, could result in delay in the Companys ability to ship certain of its products while it seeks to implement technology offered by alternative sources, and any required replacement licenses could prove costly. While it may be necessary or desirable in the future to obtain other licenses relating to one or more of the Companys products or relating to current or future technologies, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to do so on commercially reasonable terms or at all.
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The Companys executive officers own a significant amount of the Companys common stock and will be able to exercise significant influence on matters requiring shareholder approval.
The Companys executive officers collectively owned approximately 21.7% of the Companys outstanding common stock as of February 25, 2005. Consequently, together they continue to be able to exert significant influence over the election of the Companys directors, the outcome of most corporate actions requiring shareholder approval and the business of the Company.
The market price for the Companys common stock is extremely volatile and the Company does not expect to pay dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future.
The market price for the Companys common stock has experienced substantial price volatility since its initial public offering in February 1997 and such volatility may continue in the future. Quarterly operating results of the Company or of other companies participating in the computer-based products and services industry, changes in conditions in the economy, the financial markets of the computer products and services industries, natural disasters or other developments affecting the Company or its competitors could cause the market price of the common stock to fluctuate substantially. In addition, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected the market price of many technology stocks in particular and that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. For the foreseeable future, it is expected that earnings, if any, generated from the Companys operations will be used to finance the growth of its business, and that no dividends will be paid to holders of the common stock.
The Companys Articles of Incorporation contain anti-takeover provisions which could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of the Company.
The Companys Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation authorize the Board of Directors to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, of the preferred stock without further vote or action by the Companys shareholders. The rights of the holders of common stock will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future. While the Company has no present intention to issue additional shares of preferred stock, such issuance, while providing desired flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire a majority of the outstanding voting stock of the Company. In addition, certain provisions of the Companys Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws may discourage proposals or bids to acquire the Company. This could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of Common Stock. The Companys Articles of Incorporation divide the Board of Directors into three classes, as nearly equal in size as possible, with staggered three-year terms. One class will be elected each year. The classification of the Board of Directors could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of the Company. The Company is also subject to certain provisions of the Georgia Business Corporation Code which relate to business combinations with interested shareholders.
Domestic offices
The Company has leases for space in three principal facilities with a total of approximately 226,000 square feet in Alpharetta, Georgia. Of this amount, Radiant subleases to a third party approximately 76,000 square feet. The sublease expires concurrently with Radiants lease on the property in 2013. The other lease agreements expire in 2010 and 2013. The Company has an additional lease agreement for a building in Alpharetta, Georgia, which houses its Integration Operations, with approximately 102,000 square feet. This lease agreement expires in 2011.
The Company also has a lease agreement for its facility in Dallas, Texas, with approximately 42,000 square feet. This lease agreement expires in 2007.
International offices
The Company has leases in three principal facilities with a total of approximately 17,000 square feet in Geelong, Australia. The lease agreements expire in 2005. Additionally, to satisfy other sales, service and support and product development needs, the Company leases space in Singapore and Prague, Czech Republic.
The Company believes its facilities are adequate for its current needs and does not anticipate any material difficulty in securing facilities for new space, if needed.
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