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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

(Mark One)

 

x Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004

 

or

 

¨ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

For the transition period from                      to                     

 

LOGO

 

US Airways Group, Inc.

(Debtor-in-Possession)

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

State of Incorporation: Delaware

 

2345 Crystal Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22227

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(703) 872-7000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

(Commission file number: 1-8444)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No: 54-1194634)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

Title of each class


Class A common stock, par value $1.00 per share (Class A Common Stock)

Class B common stock, par value $1.00 per share (Class B Common Stock)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x    No ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes x    No ¨

 

The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2004 was approximately $11,676,500.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

On February 18, 2005, there were outstanding approximately 51,643,527 shares of Class A Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock.

 



Table of Contents

US Airways Group, Inc.

Form 10-K

Year Ended December 31, 2004

 

Table of Contents

 

          Page

Part I          
Item 1.    Business     
    

Overview

   1
    

Airline Industry and the Company’s Position in the Marketplace

   5
    

Marketing Agreements with Other Airlines

   6
    

Industry Regulation and Airport Access

   6
    

Employees

   9
    

Aviation Fuel

   9
    

Airline Ticket Distribution

   10
    

Frequent Traveler Program

   11
    

Insurance

   11
Item 2.    Properties     
    

Flight Equipment

   12
    

Ground Facilities

   13
    

Terminal Construction Projects

   13
Item 3.    Legal Proceedings    14
Item 4.    Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    17
Part II          
Item 5.   

Market for US Airways Group’s Common Equity, Related

Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

    
    

Stock Exchange Listing

   18
    

Market Prices of Common Stock

   18
    

Foreign Ownership Restrictions

   19
Item 6.    Selected Financial Data     
    

Consolidated Statements of Operations

   20
    

Consolidated Balance Sheets

   20

 

(table of contents continued on following page)

 


Table of Contents

US Airways Group, Inc.

Form 10-K

Year Ended December 31, 2004

 

Table of Contents

(continued)

 

          Page

Item 7.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and

Results of Operations

    
    

Introduction

   21
    

Chapter 11 Proceedings

   21
    

Results of Operations

   26
    

Selected Operating and Financial Statistics

   32
    

Liquidity and Capital Resources

   33
    

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

   43
    

Critical Accounting Policies

   44
    

Recent Accounting and Reporting Developments

   47

Item 7A.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    48

Item 8.

   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    50

Item 9.

   Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    104

Item 9A.

   Controls and Procedures    104

Item 9B.

   Other Information    104

Part III

         

Item 10.

   Directors and Executive Officers of US Airways Group    105

Item 11.

   Executive Compensation    112

Item 12.

   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management    135

Item 13.

   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions    143

Item 14.

   Principal Accountant Fees and Services    145

Part IV

         

Item 15.

   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules     
    

Consolidated Financial Statements

   146
    

Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules

   146
    

Exhibits

   147

Signatures

   157

 

 


Table of Contents

Part I

 

Item 1. Business

 

Overview

 

US Airways Group, Inc. (US Airways Group and collectively with its consolidated subsidiaries, the Company) is a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company’s executive offices are located at 2345 Crystal Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22227 (telephone number (703) 872-7000). The Company’s internet address is usairways.com.

 

US Airways Group’s primary business activity is the operation of a major network air carrier through its ownership of the common stock of US Airways, Inc. (US Airways), Piedmont Airlines, Inc. (Piedmont), PSA Airlines, Inc. (PSA), Material Services Company, Inc. (MSC) and Airways Assurance Limited, LLC (AAL). Effective July 1, 2004, Allegheny Airlines, Inc. merged with Piedmont, with Piedmont as the surviving entity.

 

As discussed in more detail below, on September 12, 2004, US Airways Group and its domestic subsidiaries, including its principal operating subsidiary, US Airways, (collectively, the Debtors), which account for substantially all of the operations of the Company, filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (Bankruptcy Code) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Alexandria Division (Bankruptcy Court) (Case Nos. 04-13819-SSM through 04-13823-SSM). The Debtors continue to operate their businesses as “Debtors-in-Possession” under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code and orders of the Bankruptcy Court.

 

Each of the Debtors in these cases had previously filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 on August 11, 2002 (the Prior Bankruptcy). The Debtors emerged from the Prior Bankruptcy under the First Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization of US Airways Group, Inc. and Affiliated Debtors and Debtors-in-Possession, As Modified (the 2003 Plan), which was confirmed pursuant to an order of the Bankruptcy Court on March 18, 2003 and became effective on March 31, 2003. In accordance with AICPA Statement of Position 90-7, “Financial Reporting by Entities in Reorganization Under the Bankruptcy Code,” and in connection with the Prior Bankruptcy, the Company adopted fresh-start reporting on March 31, 2003. References in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements to “Predecessor Company” refer to the Company prior to March 31, 2003. References to “Successor Company” refer to the Company on and after March 31, 2003, after giving effect to the cancellation of then-existing common stock and the issuance of new securities in accordance with the 2003 Plan, and the application of fresh-start reporting. As a result of the application of fresh-start reporting, the Successor Company’s financial statements are not comparable with the Predecessor Company’s financial statements, because they are, in effect, those of a new entity.

 

US Airways, which is also a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, is the Company’s principal operating subsidiary. US Airways is a certificated air carrier engaged primarily in the business of transporting passengers, property and mail. US Airways enplaned approximately 42 million passengers in 2004 and was the seventh largest U.S. air carrier (as ranked by revenue passenger miles (RPMs)). As of December 31, 2004, US Airways operated 281 jet aircraft and 22 regional jet aircraft (see Item 2. “Properties” for additional information related to aircraft operated by US Airways) and provided regularly scheduled service at 89 airports in the continental United States, Canada, Mexico, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Ireland, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the Caribbean.

 

Certain air carriers have code share arrangements with US Airways to operate under the trade name “US Airways Express.” Typically, under a code share arrangement, one air carrier places its designator code and sells tickets on the flights of another air carrier (its code share partner). US Airways Express carriers are an integral component of the Company’s operating network. Due to the relatively small local traffic base at its hubs, US Airways relies heavily on feed traffic from its US Airways Express

 

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affiliates, who carry passengers from low-density markets that are uneconomical for US Airways to serve with large jets to US Airways’ hubs. As of December 2004, the US Airways Express network served 127 airports in the continental United States, Canada and the Bahamas, including 42 airports also served by US Airways. During 2004, US Airways Express air carriers enplaned approximately 15.2 million passengers, approximately 48% of whom connected to the Company’s flights. Of these 15.2 million passengers, approximately 6.2 million were enplaned by the Company’s wholly owned regional airlines, approximately 7.4 million were enplaned by third-party carriers operating under capacity purchase agreements and approximately 1.6 million were enplaned by carriers operating under prorate agreements, as described below. In addition, US Airways Express operators offer complementary service in existing US Airways markets by operating flights during off-peak periods between US Airways flights.

 

The US Airways Express code share arrangements are either in the form of capacity purchase or prorate agreements. The two wholly owned regional airlines and the regional jet affiliate operators are capacity purchase relationships. The regional jet affiliates with capacity purchase agreements are Chautauqua Airlines (Chautauqua), Mesa Airlines, Inc. (Mesa), Trans States Airlines, Inc. (Trans States) and Midway Airlines Corporation (Midway) prior to Midway ceasing service in October 2003. The capacity purchase agreements provide that all revenues (passenger, mail and freight) go to US Airways. In return, US Airways agrees to pay predetermined fees to such airlines for operating an agreed number of aircraft, without regard to the number of passengers onboard. In addition, these agreements provide that certain variable costs, such as fuel and airport landing fees, will be reimbursed 100% by US Airways. US Airways controls marketing, scheduling, ticketing, pricing and seat inventories. The regional jet capacity purchase agreements have expirations from 2008 to 2013 and provide for optional extensions at the Company’s discretion. The carriers with prorate agreements are non-owned turboprop operators and include all or a portion of the turboprop operations of Colgan Airlines, Inc., Trans States, Shuttle Acquisition LLC (through October 2004), and Air Midwest, Inc. The prorate agreements provide for affiliate carriers to pay certain service fees to US Airways as well as to receive a prorated share of revenue for connecting customers. US Airways is responsible for pricing and marketing of connecting services to and from the prorate carrier. The prorate carrier is responsible for pricing and marketing the local, point to point markets. All US Airways Express carriers use US Airways’ reservation systems, and have logos, service marks, aircraft paint schemes and uniforms similar to those of US Airways.

 

In April 2004, MidAtlantic Airways (MidAtlantic), US Airways’ new regional jet division, began operating as part of the US Airways Express network. As of December 31, 2004, MidAtlantic operates 22 Embraer ERJ-170 regional jets with 72 seats. These larger regional jets help fill the gap between 50-seat and 120-seat fleet-types, allow for a better match with demand in certain existing markets and have enabled US Airways to add flights to markets it did not previously serve. MidAtlantic served approximately one million passengers in 2004.

 

The Company’s major connecting hubs are at airports in Charlotte and Philadelphia. The Company also has substantial operations at Boston’s Logan International Airport (Logan), New York’s LaGuardia Airport (LaGuardia), Pittsburgh International Airport (Pittsburgh) and Washington’s Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (Reagan National). Measured by departures, US Airways is among the largest at each of the foregoing airports. US Airways is also a leading airline from the Northeast United States to Florida. US Airways’ East coast-based hubs, combined with its strong presence at many East coast airports, have made it among the largest intra-East coast carriers, comprising approximately 30% of the industry’s intra-East coast revenues based on the most recent industry revenue data available.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2004, passenger revenues accounted for approximately 89% of the Company’s consolidated operating revenues. Cargo revenues and other sources accounted for 11% of the Company’s consolidated operating revenues in 2004. The Company’s results are seasonal with operating results typically highest in the second and third quarters due to US Airways’ combination of business traffic and North-South leisure traffic in the eastern United States during those periods.

 

MSC and AAL operate in support of the Company’s airline subsidiaries in areas such as the

 

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procurement of aviation fuel and insurance.

 

Available Information

 

A copy of this annual report on Form 10-K, as well as other annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports are accessible free of charge at investor.usairways.com/edgar.cfm as soon as reasonably possible after such report is filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

 

Chapter 11 Proceedings

 

Before emerging from the Prior Bankruptcy in 2003, the Company examined virtually every phase of its contracts and operations and had significantly reduced costs. The Company reduced its mainline capacity, realigned its network to maximize yield, initiated a business plan to use more regional jets and procured financing for these aircraft, and expanded its alliances with other carriers. However, after emerging from the Prior Bankruptcy, the Company continued to incur substantial losses from operations. The primary factors contributing to these losses include the reduction in domestic industry unit revenue and significant increases in fuel prices. The downward pressure on domestic industry revenue is a result of the rapid growth of low-fare, low-cost airlines, the increasing transparency of fares through Internet sources and other changes in fare structures that have resulted in substantially lower fares for many business and leisure travelers. The competitive environment continued to intensify throughout 2004, particularly in key markets such as Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., Boston and New York.

 

Throughout the spring and summer of 2004, the Company communicated with key stakeholders and the public its plan to transform US Airways into a fully competitive and profitable airline (the Transformation Plan). A key element of the Transformation Plan is significant reductions in labor costs through changes to the Company’s collective bargaining agreements. The Company aggressively sought the necessary agreements to allow full implementation of the Transformation Plan without the need for filing new Chapter 11 cases but was unable to do so in a timely manner. As a result of the recurring losses, declining available cash and risk of defaults or cross defaults under certain key financing and operating agreements, it was necessary for the Debtors to file voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on September 12, 2004.

 

At hearings held on September 13, 2004, the Bankruptcy Court granted the Company’s first day motions for relief designed to stabilize its operations and business relationships with customers, vendors, employees and others, and entered orders granting permission to the Debtors to, among other things: (a) pay employee wages and continue benefits, such as medical and dental insurance; (b) honor prepetition obligations to customers and continue customer programs, including US Airways’ Dividend Miles program; (c) pay for fuel under existing supply contracts, and honor existing fuel supply, distribution and storage agreements; (d) assume certain contracts related to interline agreements with other airlines; (e) pay prepetition obligations to certain foreign vendors, foreign service providers and foreign governments; and (f) continue maintenance of existing bank accounts and existing cash management systems. The Bankruptcy Court also approved the interim agreement reached between the Company, the Air Transportation Stabilization Board (ATSB) and the lenders under the $1 billion loan, obtained upon emergence from the Prior Bankruptcy and substantially guaranteed by the ATSB, to allow the Company continued use of the cash collateral securing the loan (see further discussion below).

 

Since filing for bankruptcy on September 12, 2004, the Company has achieved cost-savings agreements with all of its collective bargaining groups. Through a motion filed under Section 1113(e) of the Bankruptcy Code on September 24, 2004, the Company sought interim relief from collective bargaining agreements (CBAs) with the Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA), Association of Flight Attendants-Communications Workers of America (AFA), Transport Workers Union (TWU), Communications Workers of America (CWA) and International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM). On October 15, 2004, the Bankruptcy Court approved base rates of pay reductions of 21% through February 15, 2005 or entry of an order approving a new CBA or granting

 

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final relief under Section 1113(c) of the Bankruptcy Code. Reductions to pension contributions and certain work rule changes were also approved. The interim relief order did not apply to ALPA or TWU, whose members reached and ratified CBAs prior to the interim relief going into effect. CBAs with the CWA and AFA were reached in December 2004 and were subsequently ratified. On January 6, 2005, the Bankruptcy Court approved the Company’s request to reject the IAM CBAs and approved the termination of US Airways’ three defined benefit plans. The IAM subsequently ratified Company cost-savings proposals on January 21, 2005. As part of these negotiations and subsequent ratifications, all collective bargaining groups had their pension plans reduced or eliminated. In addition, the Bankruptcy Court has also approved various settlement agreements between the Company and the court-appointed Section 1114 Committee representing retirees other than those represented by the IAM to begin the significant curtailment of postretirement benefits.

 

In addition to the cost savings achieved with labor groups, the Company also implemented pay and benefit reductions for its current management and other non-union employees, including reductions to base pay, workforce reductions and modifications to vacation and sick time accruals. The Company also implemented modifications to its defined contribution pension plans and will implement modifications to retiree benefits in 2005. The pay rate and defined contribution plan reductions went into effect October 11, 2004 and the reductions to retiree medical benefits will become effective March 1, 2005.

 

The Company has reached agreements with certain of its lessors and lenders restructuring existing aircraft lease and debt financings. On November 19, 2004, the Bankruptcy Court approved the Company’s agreements for the continued use and operation of substantially all of its mainline and Express fleet. As discussed in detail below, the Company reached a comprehensive agreement with GE Capital Aviation Services (GECAS) and GE Engine Service (GEES) on aircraft leasing and financing and engine services, which will provide the Company with short-term liquidity, reduced debt, lower aircraft ownership costs, enhanced engine maintenance services, and operating leases for new regional jets. The Company also reached agreements with EMBRAER-Empresa Brasileria de Aeronautica SA (Embraer) and Bombardier, Inc. (Bombardier) providing for continued use and operation of its aircraft, short term liquidity and new financing for regional jets, which were approved by the Bankruptcy Court in January 2005.

 

The Company has notified all known or potential creditors of the Chapter 11 filing for the purposes of identifying and quantifying all prepetition claims. The Chapter 11 filing triggered defaults on substantially all debt and lease obligations. Subject to certain exceptions under the Bankruptcy Code, the Chapter 11 filing automatically stayed the continuation of any judicial or administrative proceedings or other actions against the Debtors or their property to recover on, collect or secure a claim arising prior to September 12, 2004. The deadline for filing proofs of claim with the Bankruptcy Court was February 3, 2005, with a limited exception for governmental entities, which have until March 11, 2005.

 

The potential adverse publicity associated with the Chapter 11 filings and the resulting uncertainty regarding the Company’s future prospects may hinder the Company’s ongoing business activities and its ability to operate, fund and execute its business plan by impairing relations with existing and potential customers; negatively impacting the ability of the Company to attract and retain key employees; limiting the Company’s ability to obtain trade credit; limiting the Company’s ability to effectively hedge rising aviation fuel costs; and impairing present and future relationships with vendors and service providers.

 

As a result of the Chapter 11 filings, realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities are subject to significant uncertainty. While operating as debtors-in-possession under the protection of Chapter 11, and subject to Bankruptcy Court approval or otherwise as permitted in the normal course of business, US Airways may sell or otherwise dispose of assets and liquidate or settle liabilities for amounts other than those reflected in the financial statements. Further, a plan of reorganization could materially change the amounts and classifications reported in the historical financial statements, which do not give effect to any adjustments to the carrying value of assets or amounts of liabilities that might be necessary as a consequence of confirmation of a plan of reorganization.

 

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To exit Chapter 11 successfully, the Company must obtain confirmation by the Bankruptcy Court of a plan of reorganization. The Company currently has the exclusive right to file a plan of reorganization until March 31, 2005 and solicit acceptance of the plan through June 30, 2005. Under the terms of the agreement reached with General Electric, the Company has until March 15, 2005 to file a plan of reorganization. These deadlines could potentially be extended. A plan of reorganization would, among other things, resolve all prepetition obligations, set forth a revised capital structure and establish the corporate governance subsequent to exiting from bankruptcy. The Company is currently working towards emerging from Chapter 11 mid-year 2005, but that timing is dependent upon, among other things, the timely and successful confirmation and implementation of a plan of reorganization. The ultimate recovery to creditors and/or holders of the common stock, if any, will not be determined until confirmation of a plan of reorganization. No assurance can be given as to what values, if any, will be ascribed in the Chapter 11 cases to each of these constituencies or what type or amount of distributions, if any, they would receive. A plan of reorganization could result in holders of the Company’s common stock receiving no distribution on account of their interests and cancellation of their existing stock. The value of the common stock is highly speculative. The Company urges that appropriate caution be exercised with respect to existing and future investments in the securities of the Company.

 

Financing during the Chapter 11 Proceedings

 

As part of its reorganization under the Prior Bankruptcy, US Airways received a $900 million loan guarantee (ATSB Guarantee) under the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act from the ATSB in connection with a $1 billion term loan financing (ATSB Loan). In connection with the September 12, 2004 Chapter 11 filing, the ATSB and the lenders under the ATSB Loan agreed to authorize the Company to continue to use cash collateral securing the ATSB Loan on an interim basis. Therefore, in lieu of debtor-in-possession financing, the Company has access to the cash collateralizing the ATSB Loan as working capital, subject to certain on-going conditions and limitations. This interim agreement was approved by the Bankruptcy Court on September 13, 2004 as part of the first day motions, and was scheduled to expire on October 15, 2004. The Bankruptcy Court approved two subsequent agreements extending the Company’s ability to use the cash collateral, including an agreement approved on January 13, 2005 extending the Company’s use of cash collateral through June 30, 2005, subject to certain conditions and limitations. Under the current agreement, the Company may continue to access such cash collateral to support daily operations so long as it maintains an agreed minimum amount of cash on hand each week. The amount declines from approximately $500 million at the end of January to $341 million on June 30, 2005, with weekly cash levels permitted as low as $325 million in March 2005. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation, for a complete discussion on the Company’s financing while in Chapter 11.

 

Airline Industry and the Company’s Position in the Marketplace

 

Most of the markets in which US Airways Group’s airline subsidiaries operate are highly competitive. These airline subsidiaries compete to varying degrees with other air carriers and with other forms of transportation. US Airways competes with at least one major airline on most of its routes between major cities. Airlines, including US Airways, typically use discount fares and other promotions to stimulate traffic during normally slack travel periods to generate cash flow and to maximize revenue per available seat mile. Discount and promotional fares are often non-refundable and may be subject to various restrictions such as minimum stay requirements, advance ticketing, limited seating and change fees. US Airways has often elected to match discount or promotional fares initiated by other air carriers in certain markets in order to compete in those markets. Competition between air carriers also involves certain route structure characteristics, such as flight frequencies, availability of nonstop flights, markets served and the time certain flights are operated. To a lesser extent, competition can involve other products, such as frequent flier programs and airport clubs.

 

US Airways considers the growth of low-fare low-cost competition to be its foremost competitive threat. Recent years have seen the entrance and growth of low-fare low-cost competitors in many of the

 

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markets in which the Company’s airline subsidiaries operate. These competitors, based on low costs of operations and low-fare structures, include Southwest Airlines Co. (Southwest), AirTran Airways, Inc., and JetBlue Airways. Southwest has steadily increased operations within the eastern United States since first offering service in this region in late 1993. In May 2004, Southwest began service at the Philadelphia International Airport, a hub airport for US Airways. Southwest has also announced that it will begin service from Pittsburgh International Airport, a former hub, in May 2005. In January 2005, Delta Airlines, Inc. (Delta) announced a broad low-fare pricing scheme. The Company anticipates continued low-fare competition in the industry in the future.

 

A substantial portion of US Airways’ flights are to or from cities in the eastern United States. Accordingly, severe weather, air traffic control problems and downturns in the economy in the eastern United States adversely affect US Airways Group’s results of operations and financial condition. With its concentration in the eastern United States, US Airways’ average stage length (i.e., trip distance) is shorter than those of other major airlines. This makes US Airways more susceptible than other major airlines to competition from surface transportation (e.g., automobiles, trains, etc.). The increased airport security charges and procedures have also had a disproportionate impact on short-haul travel, which constitutes a significant portion of the Company’s flying. Additional terrorist attacks or fear of such attacks, even if not made directly on the airline industry, including elevated national threat warnings, negatively affect the Company and the airline industry.

 

In recent years, the Company’s profitability was significantly eroded by competitive pressures (including the incursion of regional jets, the expansion of low-fare low-cost carriers and the entry of additional carriers into its operating territories, including key focus cities and hubs), unfavorable economic trends, and rising fuel and labor costs. The May 2000 proposed merger of United Airlines (United) and US Airways Group was designed to address this profitability erosion by adding US Airways Group into a global network. During the period in which the merger was pending, which ended in the termination of the merger agreement in late July 2001 after failing to receive approval from the United States Department of Justice, the Company was effectively precluded from restructuring its operations as a stand-alone carrier. Following the merger termination, the Company embarked on a phased, stand-alone restructuring plan to address the problems facing its airline subsidiaries; however, this plan was preempted by the September 11th terrorist attacks, which was then followed by the filing for Chapter 11 in the Prior Bankruptcy in August 2002.

 

Marketing Agreements with Other Airlines

 

The Company has entered into a number of bilateral and multilateral alliances with other airlines to provide customers with more choices and to access markets worldwide that the Company does not serve directly. In May 2004, US Airways joined the Star Alliance, the world’s largest airline alliance, with 15 member airlines servicing 772 destinations in 133 countries. Membership in the Star Alliance will further enhance the value of US Airways’ domestic and international route network by allowing customers access to the global marketplace. Expanded benefits for customers include network expansion through code share service, Dividend Miles benefits, airport lounge access, convenient single-ticket pricing, and one-stop check-in and coordinated baggage handling.

 

US Airways also has comprehensive marketing agreements with United, a member of the Star Alliance, which began in July 2002. United, as well as its parent company, UAL Corporation (UAL), and certain of its affiliates, filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on December 9, 2002. United immediately requested bankruptcy court authority to assume these agreements and the court granted United’s request. US Airways also has marketing agreements with Lufthansa, Spanair, bmi and other Star Alliance carriers, as well as several smaller regional carriers in the Caribbean, operating collectively as the “GoCaribbean” network.

 

Industry Regulation and Airport Access

 

The Company’s airline subsidiaries operate under certificates of public convenience and

 

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necessity or commuter authority issued by the Department of Transportation (DOT). Such certificates may be altered, amended, modified or suspended by the DOT if the public convenience and necessity so require, or may be revoked for failure to comply with the terms and conditions of the certificates. Airlines are also regulated by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), a division of the DOT, primarily in the areas of flight operations, maintenance, ground facilities and other technical matters. Pursuant to these regulations, the Company’s airline subsidiaries have FAA-approved maintenance programs for each type of aircraft they operate that provide for the ongoing maintenance of such aircraft, ranging from periodic routine inspections to major overhauls. From time to time, the FAA issues airworthiness directives and other regulations affecting the Company’s airline subsidiaries or one or more of the aircraft types they operate. In recent years, for example, the FAA has issued or proposed such mandates relating to, among other things, enhanced ground proximity warning systems; fuselage pressure bulkhead reinforcement; fuselage lap joint inspection rework; increased inspections and maintenance procedures to be conducted on certain aircraft; increased cockpit security; fuel tank flammability reductions and domestic reduced vertical separation.

 

The DOT allows local airport authorities to implement procedures designed to abate special noise problems, provided such procedures do not unreasonably interfere with interstate or foreign commerce or the national transportation system. Certain locales, including Boston, Washington, D.C., Chicago, San Diego and San Francisco, among others, have established airport restrictions to limit noise, including restrictions on aircraft types to be used and limits on the number of hourly or daily operations or the time of such operations. In some instances these restrictions have caused curtailments in services or increases in operating costs and such restrictions could limit the ability of US Airways to expand its operations at the affected airports. Authorities at other airports may consider adopting similar noise regulations.

 

The airline industry is also subject to increasingly stringent federal, state and local laws protecting the environment. Future regulatory developments and actions could affect operations and increase operating costs for the airline industry, including the Company’s airline subsidiaries.

 

The Company’s airline subsidiaries are obligated to collect a federal excise tax on domestic and international air transportation (commonly referred to as the “ticket tax”). The Company’s airline subsidiaries collect these taxes, along with certain other U.S. and foreign taxes and user fees on air transportation, and pass through the collected amounts to the appropriate governmental agencies. Although such taxes are not operating expenses of the Company, they represent an additional cost to the Company’s customers.

 

The Aviation and Transportation Security Act (Security Act) was enacted in November 2001. Under the Security Act, substantially all aspects of civil aviation passenger security screening were federalized and a new Transportation Security Administration (TSA) under the DOT was created. TSA was then transferred to the Department of Homeland Security pursuant to the Homeland Security Act of 2002. The Security Act, among other matters, mandates improved flight deck security; carriage at no charge of federal air marshals; enhanced security screening of passengers, baggage, cargo, mail, employees and vendors; enhanced security training; fingerprint-based background checks of all employees and vendor employees with access to secure areas of airports pursuant to regulations issued in connection with the Security Act; and the provision of passenger data to U.S. Customs. Funding for TSA is provided, in part, by a fee collected by air carriers from their passengers of $2.50 per flight segment (which is proposed to increase to up to $5.50 per flight segment in 2005, but not more than $8.00 per one-way trip), and a fee on air carriers that is limited to the amount that the carrier spent on passenger security screening in 2000. Implementation of the requirements of the Security Act have resulted and will continue to result in increased costs for US Airways, Piedmont and PSA and their passengers and has and will likely continue to result in service disruptions and delays.

 

Most major U.S. airports impose passenger facility charges. The ability of airlines to contest

 

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increases in these charges is restricted by federal legislation, DOT regulations and judicial decisions. Legislation enacted in 2000 permitted airports to increase passenger facility charges effective April 1, 2001. With certain exceptions, air carriers pass these charges on to passengers. However, the ability of the Company to pass-through security fees and passenger facility charges to its customers is subject to various factors, including market conditions and competitive factors.

 

The FAA has designated John F. Kennedy International Airport (Kennedy), LaGuardia and Reagan National as “high-density traffic airports” and limited the number of departure and arrival slots available to air carriers at those airports. In April 2000, legislation was enacted which eliminates slot restrictions in 2007 at LaGuardia and Kennedy. Among other things, the legislation encouraged the development of air service to smaller communities from slot-controlled airports. During the interim period while slot restrictions remained in effect at LaGuardia, airlines could apply for slot exemptions to serve smaller communities using aircraft with a maximum seating capacity of less than 71. In connection with this legislation, the Company and several other airlines increased service from LaGuardia, which led to excessive flight delays. In response to such delays, the FAA implemented a slot lottery system in December 2000 limiting the number of new flights at LaGuardia. As a result, several airlines, including US Airways, were required to reduce the number of flights added at LaGuardia in connection with this legislation. The resulting allocation of slots from the slot lottery system was initially scheduled to expire on September 15, 2001, but on August 3, 2001, the FAA announced an extension until October 26, 2002. On July 8, 2002, the FAA announced another extension until October 30, 2004, and subsequently announced a further extension through October 30, 2005. As a result of the 2007 slot elimination, the FAA has indicated an intent to rethink its approach to regulating operations at LaGuardia. Several proposals, including auctions, congestion pricing and other market-based solutions, are being considered along with more traditional regulatory approaches.

 

At Reagan National an additional eleven roundtrips were awarded by the DOT, pursuant to the Vision 100–Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act, which created additional slots for distribution by the DOT. Although US Airways participated in the proceeding and was awarded slots, most of the slots were awarded to new entrant carriers.

 

Where the FAA has seen congestion and delay increases, it has stepped in and worked with the carriers to freeze operations at current or somewhat reduced levels. Specifically, incumbent carriers, including US Airways, are not permitted to increase operations at Chicago O’Hare as a result of an agreement reached between the FAA and these airlines in August 2004. US Airways expects that the current operations freeze will continue at least through the summer 2005 travel season. FAA rulemaking to address congestion issues at crowded airports is expected sometime in 2005. It is not yet clear how many airports or issues will be encompassed by the rulemaking, the exact timing and outcome of which cannot be ascertained at this time.

 

As a result of widely-reported operational difficulties experienced by US Airways during the Christmas 2004 time period, the DOT’s Inspector General (IG) commenced an inquiry into the causes of the operational problems. The IG plans to issue a report summarizing its findings, including recommendations for avoiding similar incidents in the future. The Company is cooperating with the IG in its inquiry.

 

The availability of international routes to domestic air carriers is regulated by agreements between the U.S. and foreign governments. Changes in U.S. or foreign government aviation policy could result in the alteration or termination of these agreements and affect US Airways’ international operations.

 

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Employees

 

As of December 31, 2004, on a full-time equivalent basis, the Company and its subsidiaries employed approximately 29,500 active employees. US Airways employed approximately 24,600 active employees including approximately 6,600 station personnel, 5,600 flight attendants, 4,600 mechanics and related employees, 3,100 pilots, 1,600 reservations personnel and 3,100 personnel in administrative and miscellaneous job categories. The Company’s remaining subsidiaries employed 4,900 employees including approximately 2,400 station personnel, 900 pilots, 500 flight attendants, 500 mechanics and related employees and 600 personnel in administrative and miscellaneous job categories.

 

As of December 31, 2004, approximately 81% of the Company’s active employees were covered by collective bargaining agreements with various labor unions.

 

The status of US Airways’ labor agreements with its major employee groups as of December 31, 2004 is as follows:

 

Union (1)


  

Class or Craft


   Employees (2)

   Date Contract Amendable

ALPA

   Pilots    3,100    12/31/09

IAMAW

   Mechanics and related employees    4,600    12/31/09

IAMAW

   Fleet service employees    4,200    12/31/09

CWA

   Passenger service employees    5,400    12/31/11

AFA

   Flight attendants    5,600    12/21/11

TWU

   Dispatchers and other    200    12/31/09 & 12/31/11

 

(1)

   ALPA    Air Line Pilots Association
     IAMAW    International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers
     CWA    Communications Workers of America
     AFA    Association of Flight Attendants-Communications Workers of America
     TWU    Transport Workers Union

(2)

   Approximate number of active employees covered by the contract.

 

Aviation Fuel

 

Aviation fuel is typically the Company’s second largest expense. Because the operations of the airline are dependent upon aviation fuel, increases in aviation fuel costs could materially and adversely affect liquidity, results of operations and financial condition. The following table shows aircraft fuel consumption and costs for 2002-2004:

 

Year

  Gallons
(in millions)


  Average price
per gallon (1)


  Aviation fuel
expense (1)
(in millions)


  Percentage of Total
Operating
Expenses


 
2004   973   $ 1.129   $ 1,099   14.7 %
2003   936     0.887     830   11.7 %
2002   1,047     0.747     782   9.4 %

 

(1) Includes fuel taxes and the impact of fuel hedges.

 

Prices and availability of all petroleum products are subject to political, economic and market factors that are generally outside of the Company’s control. Accordingly, the price and availability of aviation fuel, as well as other petroleum products, can be unpredictable. Prices may be affected by many factors, including: the impact of political instability on crude production, especially in Russia and OPEC countries; unexpected changes to the availability of petroleum products due to disruptions in distribution systems or refineries; unpredicted increases to oil demand due to weather or the pace of economic growth; inventory levels of crude, refined

 

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products and natural gas; and other factors, such as the relative fluctuation between the U.S. dollar and other major currencies and influence of speculative positions on the futures exchanges. To reduce the exposure to changes in fuel prices, the Company periodically enters into certain fixed price swaps, collar structures and other similar derivative contracts. The Company’s current financial position and credit rating negatively affect its ability to hedge fuel in the future. See “Selected Operating and Financial Statistics” in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation, for additional information related to aviation fuel.

 

Airline Ticket Distribution

 

The now common usage of electronic tickets within North America, and the rapid expansion in Europe and the rest of the world, has allowed for the streamlining of processes and the increased efficiency of customer servicing and support. The Company began to support the issuance of electronic tickets in 1996. During 2004, electronic tickets represented 96% of all tickets issued to customers flying US Airways. The addition of a $50 surcharge to most customers requiring paper tickets has allowed the Company to continue to support the exceptional requests, while offsetting any cost variance associated with the issuance and postal fulfillment of paper tickets. Airlines based in North America have recently proposed a requested mandate that airlines move to 100% electronic ticketing over the next couple of years, which will only serve to enhance customer service and control costs for ticketing services supported by the airline and distribution partners.

 

The shift of consumer bookings from traditional travel agents, airline ticket offices and reservation centers to online travel agent sites (e.g., Orbitz, Travelocity, Expedia and others) as well as airline direct websites (e.g., usairways.com) continues to grow within the industry. Historically, traditional and online travel agencies used Global Distribution Systems (GDS), such as Sabre, to obtain their fare and inventory data from airlines. Bookings made through these agencies result in a fee, the “GDS fee”, that is charged to the airline. Bookings made directly with the airline, through its reservation call centers or website, do not incur a GDS fee. The growth of the airline direct websites and travel agent sites (e.g., Orbitz) that connect directly to airline host systems, effectively by-passing the traditional connection via GDSs, helps the Company reduce distribution costs from the channels of distribution on the internet. In the fourth quarter of 2004, the Company received over 31% of its sales from internet sites. The Company’s direct website, usairways.com, comprised over 12% of Company sales, while the rest of the internet sites accounted for the remaining 19% of Company sales.

 

Due to the continued pressure on legacy airlines to lower distribution fees more aggressively than anytime in the past in order to compete with low-cost airlines, many “new-comers” have entered the distribution industry. New low-cost GDSs, such as ITA Software, G2 Switchworks, Navitaire and others, are providing airlines with alternative economic models to do business with traditional travel agents. These new low-cost GDSs substantially reduce the fees charged to airlines by this distribution channel.

 

In an effort to further reduce distribution costs through internal channels, US Airways and other airlines have instituted service fees for interaction in channels requiring specialized service such as reservation call centers ($5.00 per ticket), Airline Ticket Offices ($10.00 per ticket) and City Ticket Offices ($10.00), while continuing to offer free service via the airlines’ websites. The goals of these service fees are to reduce the cost to provide customer service as required by the traveler and promote the continued goal of shifting customers to the Company’s lowest cost distribution channel, usairways.com. Internal channels of distribution account for 25% of all Company sales.

 

In July 2004, the DOT eliminated most regulations governing GDSs. Airlines and GDSs continue to have open dialogue regarding possible cost savings.

 

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Frequent Traveler Program

 

US Airways operates a frequent traveler program known as “Dividend Miles” under which participants earn mileage credits for each paid flight segment on US Airways, US Airways Shuttle, US Airways Express, Star Alliance carriers, and certain other airlines that participate in the program. Participants flying on first class or Envoy class tickets receive additional mileage credits. Participants can also receive mileage credits through special promotions periodically offered by US Airways and may also earn mileage credits by utilizing certain credit cards and purchasing services from various non-airline partners. Mileage credits can be redeemed for various free, discounted, or upgraded travel awards on US Airways, Star Alliance carriers or other participating airlines.

 

US Airways and the other participating airline partners limit the number of seats allocated per flight for award recipients by using various inventory management techniques. Award travel for all but the highest-level Dividend Miles participants is generally not permitted on blackout dates, which correspond to certain holiday periods or peak travel dates. US Airways reserves the right to terminate Dividend Miles or portions of the program at any time. Program rules, partners, special offers, blackout dates, awards and requisite mileage levels for awards are subject to change.

 

Insurance

 

The Company and its subsidiaries maintain insurance of the types and in amounts deemed adequate to protect themselves and their property. Principal coverage includes: liability for injury to members of the public, including passengers; damage to property of the Company, its subsidiaries and others; loss of or damage to flight equipment, whether on the ground or in flight; fire and extended coverage; directors and officers; fiduciary; and workers’ compensation and employer’s liability. In addition to customary deductibles, the Company self-insures for all or a portion of its losses from claims related to environmental liabilities and medical insurance for employees.

 

Since September 11, 2001, the Company and other airlines have been unable to obtain coverage for liability to persons other than employees and passengers for claims resulting from acts of terrorism, war or similar events (war risk coverage) at reasonable rates from the commercial insurance market. US Airways has, as have most other U.S. airlines, therefore purchased its war risk coverage through a special program administered by the FAA. The Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriations Act extended this insurance protection until August 2005. The Secretary of Transportation may extend this policy until December 31, 2005. If the federal insurance program terminates, the Company would likely face a material increase in the cost of war risk coverage, and because of competitive pressures in the industry, the Company’s ability to pass this additional cost to passengers would be limited.

 

There can be no assurances that the Company can maintain insurance coverages and costs at its current levels.

 

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Item 2. Properties

 

Flight Equipment

 

As of December 31, 2004, US Airways operated the following jet and regional jet aircraft:

 

Type


   Average Seat
Capacity


   Average
Age (years)


   Owned (1)

   Leased (2)

   Total

Airbus A330

   266    4.4    9    —      9

Boeing 767-200ER

   203    15.5    4    6    10

Boeing 757-200

   193    14.2    —      31    31

Airbus A321

   169    3.6    20    8    28

Boeing 737-400

   144    14.8    3    42    45

Airbus A320

   142    5.2    11    13    24

Boeing 737-300

   126    17.7    7    61    68

Airbus A319

   120    4.9    15    51    66
         
  
  
  
          10.9    69    212    281
         
  
  
  

EMB-170

   72    0.5    7    15    22

 

(1) All owned aircraft are pledged as collateral for various secured financing agreements.

 

(2) The terms of the leases expire between 2005 and 2023.

 

As of December 31, 2004, the Company’s wholly owned regional airline subsidiaries operated the following turboprop and regional jet aircraft:

 

Type


   Average Seat
Capacity