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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-Q

 


 

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the Quarterly Period ended September 30, 2004

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITIONAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from              to             

 

Commission file number 001-31513

 


 

WELLCHOICE, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

DELAWARE   71-0901607

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

11 WEST 42ND STREET

NEW YORK, NEW YORK

  10036
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 476-7800

 

Not Applicable

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

 


 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange

Act).     Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. 84,005,079 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, and one share of Class B common stock, $0.01 par value per share, as of October 25, 2004.

 



Table of Contents

WellChoice, Inc and Subsidiaries

INDEX TO FORM 10-Q

 

          Page

PART I            FINANCIAL INFORMATION    3
Item 1.    Financial Statements    3
     Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2004 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2003    3
     Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2004 and 2003 (Unaudited)    5
     Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2004 and 2003 (Unaudited)    6
     Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)    7
     Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm    24
Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    25
Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    48
Item 4.    Controls and Procedures    49
PART II             OTHER INFORMATION    50
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings    50
Item 6.    Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K    53
SIGNATURES    54
INDEX TO EXHIBITS    55


Table of Contents

WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

     September 30,
2004


   December 31,
2003


     (Unaudited)     
     (In thousands)

Assets

             

Investments:

             

Fixed maturities, at fair value (amortized cost: $1,289,232 and $1,036,747)

   $ 1,287,092    $ 1,037,255

Marketable equity securities, at fair value (cost: $46,971 and $52,890)

     48,538      60,414

Short-term investments

     177,968      232,474

Other long-term equity investments

     32,903      31,686
    

  

Total investments

     1,546,501      1,361,829

Cash and cash equivalents

     696,936      697,518
    

  

Total investments and cash and cash equivalents

     2,243,437      2,059,347

Receivables:

             

Billed premiums, net

     106,459      92,399

Accrued premiums

     315,501      285,773

Other amounts due from customers, net

     104,520      107,062

Notes receivable, net

     12,160      12,410

Advances to hospitals, net

     4,455      10,788

Accrued investment income

     11,273      9,613

Miscellaneous, net

     65,464      51,333
    

  

Total receivables

     619,832      569,378

Property, equipment and information systems, net of accumulated depreciation

     106,577      113,526

Prepaid pension expense

     63,945      53,515

Deferred taxes, net

     170,402      216,534

Other

     34,496      30,693
    

  

Total assets

   $ 3,238,689    $ 3,042,993
    

  

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

3


Table of Contents

WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

     September 30,
2004


    December 31,
2003


 
     (Unaudited)        
     (In thousands, except share and
per share data)
 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

                

Liabilities:

                

Unpaid claims and claims adjustment expense

   $ 681,603     $ 609,491  

Unearned premium income

     98,344       134,174  

Managed cash overdrafts

     174,214       197,995  

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

     73,726       104,526  

Advance deposits

     157,038       113,843  

Group and other contract liabilities

     101,756       112,204  

Postretirement benefits other than pensions

     146,027       142,743  

Obligations under capital lease

     45,144       48,345  

Other

     140,978       147,315  
    


 


Total liabilities

     1,618,830       1,610,636  

Stockholders’ equity:

                

Common stock, $0.01 par value, 225,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding 2004—84,005,079; 2003—83,676,446

     840       837  

Class B common stock, $0.01 per share value, one share authorized; one share issued and outstanding

     —         —    

Preferred stock, $0.01 per share value, 25,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding

     —         —    

Additional paid-in capital

     1,273,553       1,262,222  

Retained earnings

     349,096       162,584  

Unearned restricted stock compensation

     (12,565 )     (6,027 )

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     8,935       12,741  
    


 


Total stockholders’ equity

     1,619,859       1,432,357  
    


 


Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 3,238,689     $ 3,042,993  
    


 


 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

4


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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Statements of Income

 

    

Three months ended

September 30,


   

Nine months ended

September 30,


     2004

   2003

    2004

   2003

     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)
     (In thousands, except share and per share data)

Revenue:

                            

Premiums earned

   $ 1,305,897    $ 1,209,296     $ 3,915,074    $ 3,622,884

Administrative service fees

     128,339      113,825       373,505      336,312

Investment income, net

     15,859      14,067       43,264      38,984

Net realized investment gains

     861      2,650       7,550      6,956

Other income (expense), net

     43      (499 )     219      792
    

  


 

  

Total revenue

     1,450,999      1,339,339       4,339,612      4,005,928

Expenses:

                            

Cost of benefits provided

     1,122,593      1,020,356       3,371,702      3,089,381

Administrative expenses

     228,590      231,522       676,740      660,667
    

  


 

  

Total expenses

     1,351,183      1,251,878       4,048,442      3,750,048
    

  


 

  

Income from continuing operations before income taxes

     99,816      87,461       291,170      255,880

Income tax expense

     37,921      35,403       104,658      107,306
    

  


 

  

Net income

   $ 61,895    $ 52,058     $ 186,512    $ 148,574
    

  


 

  

Basic earnings per common share

   $ 0.74    $ 0.62     $ 2.23    $ 1.78

Diluted earnings per common share

     0.74      0.62       2.23      1.78

Shares used to compute basic earnings per common share based on weighted average shares outstanding

     83,559,141      83,490,478       83,514,673      83,490,478

Shares used to compute diluted earnings per common share based on weighted average shares outstanding

     83,908,346      83,490,478       83,832,419      83,490,478

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

5


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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

    

Nine months ended

September 30,


 
     2004

    2003

 
     (Unaudited)  
     (In thousands)  

Cash flows from operating activities

                

Net income

   $ 186,512     $ 148,574  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

                

Depreciation and amortization

     29,138       28,238  

Net realized (gain) on sales of investments

     (7,550 )     (6,956 )

(Credit) provision for doubtful accounts

     (3,923 )     361  

Accretion of discount, net

     1,596       4,418  

Equity in earnings of other long-term equity investments

     (2,369 )     (2,247 )

Deferred income tax expense

     47,816       41,169  

Other

     (10,429 )     (4,383 )

Changes in assets and liabilities:

                

Billed and accrued premiums receivables

     (42,561 )     (11,689 )

Other customer receivable

     2,006       297  

Long-term notes receivable

     250       (214 )

Advances to hospitals

     6,866       (10,777 )

Accrued investment income

     (1,661 )     836  

Miscellaneous receivables

     (11,201 )     (18,537 )

Other assets

     (3,802 )     (4,883 )

Unpaid claims and claims adjustment expenses

     72,112       46,517  

Unearned premium income

     (35,830 )     (28,917 )

Managed cash overdrafts

     (23,782 )     (12,029 )

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

     (23,057 )     (5,927 )

Advance deposits

     43,195       (15,304 )

Group and other contract liabilities

     (10,448 )     45,063  

Postretirement benefits other than pensions

     3,285       905  

Other liabilities

     (2,139 )     33,478  
    


 


Net cash provided by operating activities

     214,024       227,993  
    


 


Cash flows from investment activities

                

Purchases of property, equipment and information systems

     (25,152 )     (42,394 )

Proceeds from sale of property, equity and information systems

     16       1,096  

Purchases of available for sale investments

     (1,086,744 )     (1,062,021 )

Proceeds from sales and maturities of available for sale investments

     900,475       1,179,418  
    


 


Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

     (211,405 )     76,099  
    


 


Cash flows from financing activities

                

(Decrease) increase in capital lease obligations

     (3,201 )     1,588  
    


 


Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

     (3,201 )     1,588  
    


 


Net change in cash and cash equivalents

     (582 )     305,680  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     697,518       487,431  
    


 


Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 696,936     $ 793,111  
    


 


Supplemental disclosure

                

Income taxes paid

   $ 60,850     $ 60,152  
    


 


 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

6


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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

September 30, 2004

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

1. For-Profit Conversion and Initial Public Offering

 

WellChoice, Inc. (“WellChoice” or the “Company”) was formed in August 2002 as a Delaware corporation to be the for-profit parent holding company for Empire HealthChoice, Inc. (“EHC”) following EHC’s conversion from a not-for-profit health service corporation to a for-profit accident and health insurer. WellChoice owns a health maintenance organization (“HMO”) and two health insurance companies through its investment in WellChoice Holdings of New York, Inc. (“WellChoice Holdings”).

 

On November 7, 2002, EHC converted from a not-for-profit health service corporation to a for-profit accident and health insurer under the New York State insurance laws and the converted EHC issued all its authorized capital stock to The New York Public Asset Fund (the “Fund”) and The New York Charitable Asset Foundation (the “Foundation”). The Fund and the Foundation then received their respective shares of WellChoice common stock in exchange for the transfer of all the outstanding shares of EHC to WellChoice Holdings. Pursuant to the plan of conversion, WellChoice issued 82,300,000 shares to the Fund and the Foundation and completed an initial public offering of 19,199,000 shares of common stock, consisting of 18,008,523 shares that were sold by the Fund and Foundation and 1,190,477 newly issued shares of common stock sold by WellChoice. After deducting the underwriting discount, net proceeds to WellChoice were approximately $27,990.

 

On June 21, 2004, the Fund sold 9,075,000 shares of common stock in a secondary public offering. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the offering. As of September 30, 2004, additional paid in capital was reduced by $748 to record expenses incurred as a result of this offering. At September 30, 2004, the Fund owned 52,001,903, or 61.9%, of the shares of common stock issued and outstanding.

 

2. Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three month and nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2004.

 

7


Table of Contents

WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

2. Basis of Presentation (continued)

 

For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the WellChoice’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-31513), filed with the SEC for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, as amended.

 

Certain 2003 amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2004 presentation.

 

Total comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 is $72,926 and $182,706, respectively. Total comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 is $44,311 and $147,260, respectively.

 

3. Capital Stock

 

Stock-based Compensation

 

The Company’s incentive plan provides for the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards and cash awards. On March 26, 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the 2003 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2003 Incentive Plan”). In accordance with the 2003 Incentive Plan, a maximum of 6,250,000 shares of common stock may be issued, including 1,875,000 shares solely for issuance under grants of restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit awards. A maximum of 500,000 shares may be issued to non-employee directors. Awards are granted by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Options vest and expire over terms set by the Committee at the time of grant.

 

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company granted 264,718 and 269,897 shares of the Company’s stock as restricted stock awards to certain eligible executives valued at the fair value of the stock on the grant date with no cost to the employee. These restricted stock awards vest over a three-year period. The fair value of these awards is being amortized to compensation expense over the vesting period. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, 834 and 9,927, respectively, of previously awarded shares of restricted stock were forfeited by employees who left the Company. Administrative expense for the three and nine months ended

 

8


Table of Contents

WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

3. Capital Stock (continued)

 

September 30, 2004 included $971 and $2,872, respectively, of compensation expense related to all outstanding awards. Unearned restricted stock compensation as of September 30, 2004 included $12,047 related to the restricted stock awards.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company granted 11,557 shares of common stock as restricted stock unit awards to non-employee members of the Board of Directors. These restricted stock unit awards will vest over one year subject to the Director’s continued service other than termination due to retirement, death or disability prior to the vesting date. The actual shares underlying these restricted stock unit awards are issuable upon the Director’s termination of service from the Board. Stock units are settled in shares of WellChoice common stock. The fair value of restricted stock unit awards is being amortized to compensation expense over the vesting period. Administrative expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 included $275 and $690, respectively, of compensation expense related to restricted stock unit awards. Unearned restricted stock compensation as of September 30, 2004 included $518 related to restricted stock units.

 

A summary of the stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 is as follows:

 

     Number of
Options


    Weighted Average
Exercise price per
share


Balance at January 1, 2003

   790,981     $ 31.05

Granted

   2,125,847       36.96

Forfeited

   (57,594 )     31.03
    

 

Balance at September 30, 2004

   2,859,234     $ 35.45
    

 

 

There were no options exercised or expired for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 

The Company has authorized 3,000,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“Stock Purchase Plan”), which is intended to provide employees of the Company and certain related companies or corporations with an opportunity to share in the ownership of WellChoice and to provide a stronger incentive to work for the continued success of the Company. Any employee that meets the eligibility requirements defined in the Stock Purchase Plan

 

9


Table of Contents

WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

3. Capital Stock (continued)

 

may participate. No employee will be permitted to purchase more than $25 worth of stock in any calendar year, based on the fair market value of the stock at the beginning of each offering period. The purchase price per share is 85% of the lower of the fair market value of a share of common stock on the first day or the last day of the offering period. Employees become participants by electing payroll deductions from 1% to 10% of their base compensation and all or part of any incentive compensation, after-tax. The Company has two offering periods beginning on January 1 and July 1 of each calendar year. The first offering period of the Stock Purchase Plan commenced on January 1, 2004. Payroll deductions of $1,998 had been accumulated and applied towards the purchase of 66,729 shares of common stock on June 30, 2004, the last day of the offering period. Payroll deductions of $736 have been accumulated as of September 30, 2004 and will be applied towards the purchase of stock on December 31, 2004 (or the first business day thereafter). Once purchased, the stock is accumulated in the employee’s investment account.

 

Earnings Per Share

 

For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003, earnings per share amounts, on a basic and diluted basis, have been calculated based upon the weighted-average common shares outstanding for the year.

 

Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share included the dilutive effect of all stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit awards using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the exercise of stock options, excluding those that are antidilutive, is assumed, with the proceeds used to purchase common stock at the average market price for the period. The difference between the number of shares assumed issued and number of shares assumed purchased represents the dilutive shares.

 

Pro Forma Disclosure

 

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using the intrinsic method under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and, accordingly, if the exercise price is equal to the fair market value of the shares at the date of the grant, the Company recognizes no compensation expense related to stock options or shares issued under the stock purchase plan. For grants of restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit awards, unearned compensation, equivalent to the fair value of the shares at the date of grant, is recorded as a separate component of shareholders’ equity and subsequently amortized to compensation expense over the vesting period.

 

10


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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

3. Capital Stock (continued)

 

The Company has adopted the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as amended. For purposes of pro forma disclosures, compensation expense is increased for the estimated fair value of the options amortized over the options’ vesting periods. The Company’s pro forma information is as follows:

 

     Three months ended
September 30


   Nine months ended
September 30


     2004

   2003

   2004

   2003

Reported net income

   $ 61,895    $ 52,058    $ 186,512    $ 148,574

Add: Stock-based compensation cost, net of tax, included in reported net income

     772      —        2,212      —  

Less: Total stock-based compensation determined under the fair value based method for all awards, net of tax

     1,529      —        5,704      —  
    

  

  

  

Pro forma net income

   $ 61,138    $ 52,058    $ 183,020    $ 148,574
    

  

  

  

     Three months ended
September 30, 2004


   Nine months ended
September 30, 2004


     As
Reported


   Pro
Forma


   As
Reported


   Pro
Forma


Earnings per share:

                           

Basic net income per common share

   $ 0.74    $ 0.73    $ 2.23    $ 2.19

Diluted net income per common share

     0.74      0.73      2.23      2.19

 

11


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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

3. Capital Stock (continued)

 

The denominator for basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 is as follows:

 

     Three months ended
September 30


   Nine months ended
September 30


     2004

   2003

   2004

   2003

Denominator for basic earnings per share – weighted average shares

   83,559,141    83,490,478    83,514,673    83,490,478

Options and non vested restricted stock awards and stock unit awards

   349,205    —      317,746    —  
    
  
  
  

Denominator for diluted earnings per share

   83,908,346    83,490,478    83,832,419    83,490,478
    
  
  
  

 

4. Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities

 

During the third quarter of 2003, management determined that based on current and projected occupancy requirements, the Company would not receive economic benefit from certain unoccupied leased office space. Management intends to market this space for sublease. In accordance with FAS 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities,” the Company recognized an administrative expense of $13,367 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, representing the net present value difference between the fair value of estimated sublease rentals and the remaining lease obligation for this space. These costs were included in other liabilities at September 30, 2003. Based on additional information obtained during the first quarter of 2004, the Company further reduced the fair market value of estimated sublease rentals and recognized an additional administrative expense of $1,110 for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

5. Market Stabilization Pools

 

The Company is required to participate in Market Stabilization and Stop Loss Pools (“Pools”) as established by the State of New York. Contributions and recoveries under the Pools are estimated based upon information received by the administrator of the Pools and are adjusted as new information becomes known. In August 2003, the New York Insurance Department clarified the manner and extent to which the policyholders are to receive the benefit of the funds in the second quarter of 2003 received relating to Medicare Supplemental Pool years 2000 through 2002. As a result, the Company recorded a premium refund liability of $19,659 and recognized $15,223 as income in the three months ended September 30, 2003. Pool recoverables included in miscellaneous receivables were $33,861 and $21,753 at September 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

6. Income Taxes

 

WellChoice and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return. WellChoice currently has a tax sharing agreement in place with all of its subsidiaries. In accordance with the Company’s tax sharing agreement, the Company’s subsidiaries pay federal income taxes to WellChoice based on a separate company calculation.

 

The significant components of the provision for income tax expense are as follows:

 

     Three months ended
September 30


   Nine months ended
September 30


     2004

   2003

   2004

   2003

Current tax expense

   $ 20,108    $ 24,235    $ 56,842    $ 66,137

Deferred tax expense

     17,813      11,168      47,816      41,169
    

  

  

  

Income tax expense

   $ 37,921    $ 35,403    $ 104,658    $ 107,306
    

  

  

  

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

6. Income Taxes (continued)

 

A reconciliation of income tax computed at the federal statutory tax rate of 35% to total income tax is as follows:

 

     Three months ended
September 30


   Nine months ended
September 30


     2004

   2003

   2004

    2003

Income tax at prevailing corporate tax rate applied to pre-tax income

   $ 34,935    $ 30,611    $ 101,909     $ 89,558

(Increase) decrease:

                            

State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit

     2,986      455      8,296       8,512

Additional tax expense due to New York State tax legislation

                           5,374

Other

     —        4,337      (5,547 )     3,862
    

  

  


 

Income tax expense

   $ 37,921    $ 35,403    $ 104,658     $ 107,306
    

  

  


 

 

As a result of the conversion to a for-profit accident and health insurance company in 2002, EHC adjusted its deferred tax assets for temporary differences related to its liability for state and local taxes which resulted in the recognition of a $5,374 deferred tax asset. In May 2003, the New York State Legislature enacted legislation that eliminated the net income portion of the New York State franchise tax applicable to every insurance company other than life insurance companies, effective January 1, 2003. As a result, the Company’s tax provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 was increased $653, reflecting the reversal of the $5,374 deferred tax asset and $4,721 of franchise taxes incurred attributed to the three month period ended March 31, 2003.

 

During the second quarter of 2004, the Company reached a settlement with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) related to the valuation of the Company’s former headquarters sold in 1997. The Company had obtained an independent appraisal of the property as of January 1, 1987 (the date the Company became subject to federal income taxes) to support its value for the property. The Company recorded a contingent tax expense of approximately $9,200 to reflect its best estimate of the ultimate settlement with the IRS. The final settlement amount was $3,500 and as a result, the Company’s tax provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was decreased by $5,687.

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

6. Income Taxes (continued)

 

Prior to January 1, 1987, EHC was exempt from federal income taxes. With the enactment of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, EHC, and all other Blue Cross and Blue Shield plans, became subject to federal income tax. Among other provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, these plans were granted a special deduction (the “833(b) deduction”) for regular tax calculation purposes The 833(b) deduction is calculated as the excess of 25% of the incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses for the tax year over adjusted surplus, as defined, limited to taxable income. The amount of 833(b) deductions utilized in each tax year is accumulated in an adjusted surplus balance. Once the cumulative adjusted surplus balance exceeds the 833(b) deduction for the current taxable year, the deduction is eliminated. As a result of the 833(b) deduction, EHC incurred no regular tax liability, but in profitable years, paid taxes at the alternative minimum tax rate of 20%. The Company’s ability to utilize the 833(b) deduction was exhausted in 2003.

 

During the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company reevaluated its tax position for financial statement purposes related to EHC’s ability to utilize the Section 833(b) deduction and determined that when EHC converted to a for-profit entity, its ability to utilize the Section 833(b) deduction was uncertain. No authority directly addresses whether a conversion transaction will render the 833(b) deduction unavailable. The Company is aware, however, that the IRS has taken the position related to other Blue Cross Blue Shield plans that a conversion could result in the inability of a Blue Cross Blue Shield plan to utilize the 833(b) deduction. In light of the absence of governing authority, while the Company continued to take the deduction on its tax returns after the conversion, the Company has assumed, for financial statement reporting purposes, that the deduction will be disallowed.

 

The Company has no regular tax loss carryforwards. The Company’s alternative minimum tax credit carryforward for income tax purposes of $232,000 has no expiration date.

 

7. Investments

 

The Company participates in a securities lending program, whereby certain securities from its portfolio are loaned to qualified brokers in exchange for cash collateral, at least equal to the 102% of the market value of the securities loaned. The securities lending agent indemnifies the Company against loss in the event of default by the borrower. Income generated by the securities lending program is reported as a component of net investment income. As of September 30, 2004, $239,077 of fixed maturity securities were loaned under the program.

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

8. Pension Benefits and Other Postretirement Employee Benefits

 

Net pension income for the Company’s defined benefit plans included the following components:

 

     Three months ended
September 30


    Nine months ended
September 30


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 

Service cost

   $ 4,001     $ 4,076     $ 12,001     $ 12,230  

Interest cost on projected benefit obligation

     5,438       5,940       16,916       17,820  

Expected return on plan assets

     (8,054 )     (8,648 )     (24,574 )     (25,943 )

Amortization of transition obligations

     (47 )     (48 )     (142 )     (143 )

Amortization of prior service cost

     (3,172 )     (3,172 )     (9,517 )     (9,516 )

Amortization of actuarial loss

     40       652       338       1,952  
    


 


 


 


Net pension income

   $ (1,794 )   $ (1,200 )   $ (4,978 )   $ (3,600 )
    


 


 


 


 

Other postretirement employee benefits expense included the following components:

 

     Three months ended
September 30


    Nine months ended
September 30


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 

Service cost

   $ 404     $ 399     $ 1,213     $ 1,198  

Interest cost on projected benefit obligation

     1,720       1,743       5,162       5,231  

Amortization of transition obligations

     1,076       1,076       3,226       3,227  

Amortization of actuarial gain

     (1,008 )     (656 )     (3,060 )     (1,970 )
    


 


 


 


Net periodic postretirement benefit cost

   $ 2,192     $ 2,562     $ 6,541     $ 7,686  
    


 


 


 


 

On December 8, 2003, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (“Modernization Act”) was signed into law. The Modernization Act introduced a voluntary Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit and created a new 28% federal subsidy for the sponsors of the postretirement prescription drug benefits that are at least actuarially equivalent to the new Medicare Part D benefit. The current measurements of accumulated postretirement benefit obligation and net periodic postretirement benefit cost do not reflect any amount associated with the subsidy as

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

8. Pension Benefits and Other Postretirement Employee Benefits (continued)

 

WellChoice is unable, at this time, to conclude whether the benefits provided by the plan are actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D under the Modernization Act.

 

9. Restructuring

 

During the second quarter of 2002, in connection with the Company’s information technology outsourcing agreement with IBM, the Company began the implementation of a restructuring plan relating to its information technology personnel. Certain employees were involuntarily terminated in accordance with a plan of termination, certain employees were retained by the Company and certain employees were transitioned to IBM. Severance and other costs accrued at June 30, 2002 relating to the plan of termination were $5,351. During the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company expensed an additional $209 related to an adjustment to the estimated severance and other compensation costs previously accrued. Payments related to these costs of approximately $5,533 were made through September 30, 2004. To help retain its employees and to help IBM retain its newly transitioned employees, the Company offered stay bonuses for these individuals. The Company recognizes the costs of these stay bonuses as these employees provide service. Administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003, included $604 and $3,780, respectively, related to these bonuses.

 

In November 2002, as part of the Company’s continuing focus on increasing overall productivity, and in part as a result of the implementation of the technology outsourcing strategy, the Company continued streamlining certain operations and adopted a plan to terminate approximately 500 employees across all segments of its business. Severance and other costs of $13,472 were accrued relating to the plan. In March 2004, the Company expensed an additional $649 related to an adjustment to the estimated severance and other compensation costs previously accrued. Through September 30, 2004, payments related to these costs of $14,106 were made. In the effort to facilitate the restructuring plan certain employees were offered stay bonuses. The Company recognizes the costs of these stay bonuses as these employees provide service. Administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003, included $225 and $635, respectively, related to these bonuses.

 

10. Contingencies

 

Consumers Union of U.S., Inc. et. al. On August 20, 2002, Consumers Union of U.S., Inc., the New York Statewide Senior Action Council and several other groups and individuals filed a lawsuit in New York Supreme Court challenging Chapter One of the New York Laws of 2002, which the Company refers to as the Conversion Legislation, on several constitutional

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

10. Contingencies (continued)

 

grounds, including that it impairs the plaintiffs’ contractual rights, impairs the plaintiffs’ property rights without due process of law, and constitutes an unreasonable taking of property. In addition, the lawsuit alleges that Empire HealthChoice, Inc., or HealthChoice, has violated Section 510 of the New York Not-For-Profit Corporation Law and that the directors of HealthChoice breached their fiduciary duties, among other things, in approving the plan of conversion. On September 20, 2002, the Company responded to this complaint by moving to dismiss the plaintiffs’ complaint in its entirety on several grounds. On November 6, 2002, pursuant to a motion filed by plaintiffs, the New York Supreme Court issued a temporary restraining order temporarily enjoining and restraining the transfer of the proceeds of the sale of common stock issued in the name of, or on behalf of, the Fund or the Foundation to the State or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. The court also ordered that such proceeds be deposited in escrow with The Comptroller of the State of New York pending the hearing of the application for a preliminary injunction. The court did not enjoin WellChoice, HealthChoice or the other defendants from completing the conversion or our initial public offering. On March 6, 2003, the court delivered its decision dated February 28, 2003, in which it dismissed all of the plaintiffs’ claims in the complaint.

 

However, the February 28, 2003 decision granted two of the plaintiffs, Consumers Union and one other group, leave to replead the complaint to allege that the Conversion Legislation violates the State Constitution on the ground that it is a local law granting an exclusive privilege, immunity and/or franchise to HealthChoice. On April 1, 2003, the remaining plaintiffs filed an amended complaint, asserting the State constitutional claim as suggested in the court’s decision. The amended complaint seeks to invalidate the Conversion Legislation and, for the first time, to rescind our initial public offering. On May 28, 2003, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the amended complaint in its entirety, for failure to state a claim. On October 1, 2003, the court dismissed all claims against the individual members of the board of directors of HealthChoice, but denied defendants’ motions to dismiss the amended complaint. In its decision, the court stated that the plaintiffs’ decision to limit their request for preliminary relief in their original complaint to restraining the disposition of the selling stockholders’ proceeds of the initial public offering, but not to block the offering, may affect such ultimate relief as may be granted in the action, but was not a reason to dismiss the amended complaint.

 

The parties appealed the February 28, 2003 and the October 1, 2003 decisions and on May 20, 2004, the New York State Appellate Division, First Department, unanimously upheld the lower court’s decisions on (a) February 28, 2003 to dismiss all of the plaintiffs’ claims in the initial complaint and (b) October 1, 2003 to deny defendants’ motion to dismiss the amended complaint. In addressing the plaintiffs’ allegation that the Conversion Legislation is prohibited by the State Constitution and therefore invalid, the court rejected the defendants’ position that the Conversion Legislation does not fall within the constitutional prohibition. The court stated that the language of the constitutional

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

10. Contingencies (continued)

 

prohibition, at least facially, provides no support for an exception for the Conversion Legislation. On June 24, 2004, all parties filed motions before the Appellate Division requesting that the cases be certified for immediate review by the New York State Court of Appeals to determine whether the Appellate Division’s May 20, 2004 decision was proper. On October 12, 2004, the Appellate Division granted these motions and the Company expects the Court of Appeals to hear the appeal.

 

The parties have agreed to stay the lower court proceedings, pending resolution of all appeals of both motions. Pursuant to a stipulation, pending the final disposition of the appeals, the proceeds of any sale of any of our stock issued in the name of, or on behalf of, the Fund or the Foundation, shall be transferred to The Comptroller of the State of New York, to be held in escrow in a separate interest bearing account.

 

Thomas, et al. v. Empire, et al. In May 2003, this putative class action was commenced in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, Miami Division against the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, Empire and substantially all of the other Blue plans in the country. The named plaintiffs have brought this case on their own behalf and also purport to bring it on behalf of similarly situated physicians and seek damages and injunctive relief to redress their claim of economic losses which they allege is the result of defendants, on their own and as part of a common scheme, systemically denying, delaying and diminishing claim payments. More specifically, plaintiffs allege that the defendants deny payment based upon cost or actuarial criteria rather than medical necessity or coverage, improperly downcode and bundle claims, refuse to recognize modifiers, intentionally delay payment by pending otherwise payable claims and through calculated understaffing, use explanation of benefits, or EOBs, that fraudulently conceal the true nature of what was processed and paid and, finally, by use of capitation agreements which they allege are structured to frustrate a provider’s ability to maximize reimbursement under the capitated agreement. The plaintiffs allege that the co-conspirators include not only the named defendants but also other insurance companies, trade associations and related entities such as Milliman and Robertson (actuarial firm), McKesson (claims processing software company), National Committee for Quality Assurance, Health Insurance Association of America, the American Association of Health Plans and the Coalition for Quality Healthcare. In addition to asserting a claim for declaratory and injunctive relief to prevent future damages, plaintiffs assert several causes of action based upon civil RICO and mail fraud.

 

The plaintiffs have subsequently amended their complaint, adding several medical societies as additional plaintiffs a cause of action based upon an assignment of benefits, adding several additional defendants including WellChoice, Inc. and two of its other subsidiaries,

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

10. Contingencies (continued)

 

WellChoice Insurance of New Jersey, Inc. and Empire HealthChoice HMO, Inc. and dropping their direct RICO claim, but instead base their RICO claim solely on a conspiracy theory.

 

In October 2003, the action was transferred to District Court Judge Federico Moreno, who also presides over Shane v. Humana, et al., a class-action lawsuit brought against other insurers and HMOs on behalf of health care providers nationwide. The Thomas case involves allegations similar to those made in the Shane action. In the Shane case, the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals, on September 1, 2004, upheld class certification as to RICO related claims but decertified a class as to state law claims. On October 15, 2004, the Shane defendants filed a petition for a writ of certiorari, seeking U.S. Supreme Court review of the 11th Circuit decision.

 

On June 14, 2004, the court ordered the commencement of discovery. The defendants filed motions to dismiss on October 4, 2004, which are pending before the court. Meanwhile, class certification discovery is to be concluded by December 31, 2004, by which date plaintiffs are to file their motion for class certification.

 

Solomon, et al. v. Empire, et al. In November 2003, this putative class action was commenced in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, Miami Division against the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, Empire and substantially all other Blue plans in the country. This case is similar to Thomas, et al. v. Empire, et al, except that this case is brought on behalf of certain ancillary providers, such as podiatrists, psychologists, chiropractors and physical therapists. Like the Thomas plaintiffs, the Solomon plaintiffs allege that the defendants, on their own and as part of a common scheme, systematically deny, delay and diminish payments to these providers. The plaintiffs’ allegations are similar to those set forth in Thomas but also include an allegation that defendants have subjected plaintiffs claims for reimbursement to stricter scrutiny than claims submitted by medical doctors and doctors of osteopathy. Plaintiffs are seeking compensatory and monetary damages and injunctive relief. The complaint was subsequently amended to add several new parties, including WellChoice, Inc. and two of its other subsidiaries, WellChoice Insurance of New Jersey, Inc. and Empire HealthChoice HMO, Inc.

 

By an Order dated January 7, 2004, the case was transferred to Judge Moreno, but not consolidated with the other pending actions. The Court, on its own initiative, deemed this action a “tag along” action to the Shane litigation, and ordered the case closed for statistical purposes and placed the matter in a civil suspense file.

 

On June 14, 2004, the court ordered the commencement of discovery. The defendants filed motions to dismiss on August 27, 2004 which are pending before the court. Meanwhile, class

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

10. Contingencies (continued)

 

certification discovery is to be concluded by December 31, 2004, by which date plaintiffs are to file their motion for class certification.

 

The Company intends to vigorously defend all these proceedings; however, their ultimate outcomes cannot presently be determined.

 

Other. The Company is also involved in and is subject to numerous claims, contractual disputes and uncertainties in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes that it has meritorious defenses in all of these matters and intends to vigorously defend its respective positions. In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition.

 

11. Segment Information

 

WellChoice has two reportable segments: commercial managed care and other insurance products and services. The commercial managed care segment includes group preferred provider organization, or PPO, health maintenance organization, or HMO (including Medicare+Choice), exclusive provider organization, or EPO, and other products (point of service products and dental only coverage). The Company’s New York City and New York State PPO business accounted for approximately 34.2% of the Company’s earned premium for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.

 

The other insurance products and services segment consists of the Company’s traditional indemnity products, Medicare supplemental, individual hospital-only and hospital and medical products, state sponsored individual plans, government mandated individual plans and government contracts with Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to act as a fiscal intermediary for Medicare Part A program beneficiaries and as a carrier for Medicare Part B program beneficiaries.

 

Income from continuing operations before income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 included administrative expenses of $883 and $227, for the commercial managed care and other insurance products and services segments, respectively, related to unoccupied leased office. Income from continuing operations before income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 included administrative expenses of $10,717 and $2,650, for the commercial managed care and other insurance products and services segments, respectively, related to unoccupied leased office space, see footnote 4.

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

11. Segment Information (continued)

 

The reportable segments follow the Company’s method of internal reporting by products and services. Administrative expenses, investment income and other income, but not assets, are allocated to the segments. There are no intersegment sales or expenses.

 

     Commercial
Managed
Care


    Other
Insurance
Products
and
Services


    Total

 

Three months ended September 30, 2004

                        

Revenues from external customers

   $ 1,212,215     $ 222,021     $ 1,434,236  

Investment income and net realized gains

     13,901       2,819       16,720  

Other revenue

     38       5       43  

Income from continuing operations before income tax expense

     87,753       12,063       99,816  

Three months ended September 30, 2003

                        

Revenues from external customers

     1,097,775       225,346       1,323,121  

Investment income and net realized gains

     14,242       2,475       16,717  

Other revenue

     (419 )     (80 )     (499 )

Income from continuing operations before income tax expense

     56,432       31,029       87,461  

Nine months ended September 30, 2004

                        

Revenues from external customers

     3,623,918       664,661       4,288,579  

Investment income and net realized gains

     41,971       8,843       50,814  

Other revenue

     188       31       219  

Income from continuing operations before income tax expense

     252,982       38,188       291,170  

Nine months ended September 30, 2003

                        

Revenues from external customers

     3,245,701       713,495       3,959,196  

Investment income and net realized gains

     38,425       7,515       45,940  

Other revenue

     664       128       792  

Income from continuing operations before income tax expense

     208,435       47,445       255,880  

 

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WellChoice, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

(Unaudited)

 

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

11. Segment Information (continued)

 

The following table presents our revenue from external customers by products and services:

 

     Three months ended
September 30


   Nine months ended
September 30


     2004

   2003

   2004

   2003

Revenues from external customers:

                           

Commercial managed care

                           

Premiums earned:

                           

PPO

   $ 660,093    $ 646,363    $ 2,031,318    $ 1,903,095

HMO

     382,669      310,453      1,095,545      907,407

EPO

     73,095      69,735      224,994      223,735

Other

     13,158      2,289      31,911      4,412

Administrative service fees

     83,200      68,935      240,150      207,052
    

  

  

  

Total commercial managed care

     1,212,215    $ 1,097,775      3,623,918      3,245,701
    

  

  

  

Other insurance products and services:

                           

Premiums earned:

                           

Indemnity

     55,216      79,477      168,660      242,549

Individual

     121,666      100,979      362,646      341,686

Administrative service fees

     45,139      44,890      133,355      129,260
    

  

  

  

Total other insurance products and services

     222,021      225,346      664,661      713,495
    

  

  

  

Total revenues from external customers

   $ 1,434,236    $ 1,323,121    $ 4,288,579    $ 3,959,196
    

  

  

  

 

12. Subsequent Events

 

In June 2002, the Company entered into a ten-year outsourcing agreement with IBM. In September 2003, the section of the agreement that provides for IBM to assist the Company in developing new information technology systems was amended. The original agreement required the Company to purchase $65,000 of modernization services and equipment from IBM over a five-year term. Effective September 2003, the Company’s purchase requirement was reduced to $55,000 and the term extended to seven years. On October 27, 2004, the agreement was amended and the remainder of the Company’s purchase requirement was eliminated. In addition, IBM and the Company have terminated the agreement related to the development of a new claims payment system.

 

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Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the Board of Directors of

WellChoice, Inc.

 

We have reviewed the consolidated balance sheet of WellChoice, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2004, and the related consolidated statements of income for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2003, and the consolidated cash flows for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2003. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

 

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures to financial data, and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

 

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the consolidated financial statements referred to above for them to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2003, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 2, 2004, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2003, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

New York, New York

October 14, 2004

Except for Note 12, as to which the date is
October 27, 2004

 

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Table of Contents

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

The following discussion and analysis presents a review of WellChoice, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003. This review should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and other data presented herein as well as Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, as amended, on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

The statements contained in this discussion include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, or the PSLRA. When used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in future filings by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in our press releases, presentations to securities analysts or investors, and in oral statements made by or with the approval of one of our executive officers, the words or phrases “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “will likely result,” “estimates,” “projects” or similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Any of these forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements.

 

The discussion of risks described in “Item 1 – Business” and “Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 and the following discussion contain certain cautionary statements regarding our business that investors and others should consider. These discussions are intended to take advantage of the “safe harbor” provisions of the PSLRA. Except to the extent otherwise required by federal securities laws, in making these cautionary statements, we are not undertaking to address or update each factor in future filings or communications regarding our business or operating results, and are not undertaking to address how any of these factors may have caused results to differ from discussions or information contained in previous filings or communications. In addition, any of the matters discussed below may have affected our past, as well as current, forward-looking statements about future results. Any or all forward-looking statements in this report and in any other public statements we make may turn out to be wrong. They can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties. Many factors discussed below will be important in determining future results. Consequently, no forward-looking statement can be guaranteed. Actual future results may vary materially from those expressed in our communications.

 

Overview

 

We are the largest health insurance company in the State of New York based on total preferred provider organization, or PPO, and health maintenance organization, or HMO, membership, which includes members under our insured and administrative services only, or ASO, plans. We provide managed care and traditional indemnity products to approximately 4.9 million members. We have licenses with the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, a national trade association of Blue Cross Blue Shield licensees whose primary function is to promote and preserve the integrity of the Blue Cross Blue Shield names and marks, as well as to provide certain coordination among the member plans. Our licenses entitle us to the exclusive use of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield names and marks in ten counties in the New York City metropolitan area and in six counties in upstate New York, the non-exclusive right to use the Blue Cross and Blue Shield names and marks in one upstate New York county, the exclusive right to only the

 

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Table of Contents

Blue Cross name and mark in seven upstate New York counties and the non-exclusive right to only the Blue Cross name in four upstate New York counties. We market our products and services using these names and marks in our New York service areas. We also market our managed care products in 16 counties in New Jersey under the WellChoice brand.

 

We offer our products and services to a broad range of customers, including large groups of more than 500 employees; middle market groups, ranging from 51 to 500 employees; small groups, ranging from two to 50 employees; and individuals. Over one million of our members are covered through our national accounts, generally large, multi-state companies, including many Fortune 500 companies. Our principal health products are offered both on an insured and, except with respect to HMO products, self-funded, or ASO basis and, in some instances, a combination of insured and self-funded, which includes minimum premium arrangements. Minimum premium arrangements provide coverage under separate self-funded and insured group contracts. Benefit payments made under the self-funded contract, up to a pre-established limit, are the responsibility of the group.

 

Our revenue primarily consists of premiums earned and administrative service fees derived from the sale of managed care and traditional indemnity health benefits products to employer groups and individuals. Premiums are derived from insured contracts, including charges for risk, profit, administration and reimbursement of benefits made under the insured contract of minimum premium arrangements. Administrative service fees are derived from self-funded contracts, under which we provide a range of customer services, including claims administration and billing and membership services. Benefit payments made under self-funded contracts are the responsibility of the group, and accordingly no premium is recorded by us for these payments. Revenue also includes administrative service fees earned under the BlueCard program for providing members covered by other Blue Cross and Blue Shield plans with access to our network providers, reimbursements under our government contracts with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or CMS, to act as a fiscal intermediary for Medicare Part A program beneficiaries and a carrier for Medicare Part B program beneficiaries, investment income and net realized investment gains or losses.

 

Our cost of benefits provided expense consists primarily of claims paid and claims in process and pending to physicians, hospitals and other healthcare providers and includes an estimate of amounts incurred but not yet reported. Administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation expenses, premium taxes, commission payments to brokers and other overhead business expenses.

 

We report our operating results as two business segments: commercial managed care and other insurance products and services. Our commercial managed care segment accounted for 88.3% of our membership as of September 30, 2004. Our commercial managed care segment includes group PPO, HMO (including Medicare+Choice), EPO, and other products (point of service, or POS, and dental-only coverage) as well as our PPO business under our accounts with New York City and New York State. Our other insurance products and services segment consists of our indemnity and individual products. Our indemnity products include traditional indemnity products and government contracts with CMS to act as a fiscal intermediary and carrier. Our individual products include Medicare supplemental, state sponsored plans, government mandated individual plans and individual hospital-only and hospital and medical products. We allocate administrative expenses, investment income and other income, but not assets, to our segments. Except when otherwise specifically stated or where the context requires, all references in this document to our membership include both our insured and ASO membership. Our New York City and New York State PPO account members are covered under insured plans. Groups enrolled under minimum premium arrangements are reported as insured members.

 

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Our future results of operations will depend in part on our ability to predict and control health care costs through underwriting criteria, utilization management, product design and negotiation of favorable provider and hospital contracts. Our ability to contain such costs may be adversely affected by changes in utilization rates, demographic characteristics, the regulatory environment, health care practices, inflation, new technologies, clusters of high-cost cases, continued consolidation of physician, hospital and other provider groups, acts of terrorism including bio-terrorism or other catastrophes, including war, and numerous other factors. Our inability to mitigate any or all of the above-listed or other factors may adversely affect our future profitability.

 

Our business operates in a highly competitive environment, both in New York and New Jersey as well as nationally. Our largest competitors in the New York metropolitan area include national and regional health insurers, including UnitedHealth Group and its subsidiaries, including Oxford Health Plans, Inc., Aetna Inc., Health Insurance Plan of New York and Group Health Incorporated, and our competition for national accounts includes UnitedHealth Group, Cigna Corporation and Aetna as well as other “Blue” plans.

 

Recent Developments

 

In September 2004, we submitted a filing to CMS to continue to provide our Medicare+Choice product in the nine downstate New York counties in which we are currently approved to market this program. Our filing included benefit and premium changes to our existing plans. These changes will become effective January 1, 2005, subject to approval by CMS. At September 30, 2004, we had 56,000 members enrolled in Medicare+Choice, or 1.3% of our commercial managed care membership. Medicare+Choice accounted for 10.3% of our commercial managed care revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.

 

We expect to offer a new consumer directed health care product to self-insured groups and large insured groups, commencing January 1, 2005, subject to the receipt of all necessary regulatory approvals. The new product is a high-deductible managed care health plan that is designed to lower premiums for employers and to involve consumers more directly in their health care spending. Consumer directed health plans enable an employer and/or employee to contribute to each participating employee’s health account to pay for certain medical and pharmaceutical expenses. Some or all of the dollars remaining at the end of the year can be rolled over for future health care needs.

 

See also “Liquidity and Capital Resources—IBM Agreement” for a discussion of recent developments concerning our relationship with IBM.

 

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Selected Membership Data and Results of Operations

 

The following table sets forth selected membership data as of the dates set forth below:

 

     September 30,

(members in thousands)


   2004

   2003

Products and services:

         

Commercial managed care:

         

Group PPO, HMO, EPO and other(1)(2)

   2,539    2,278

New York City and New York State PPO

   1,816    1,802
    
  

Total commercial managed care

   4,355    4,080
    
  

Other insurance products and services:

         

Indemnity

   365    498

Individual

   211    222
    
  

Total other insurance products and services

   576    720
    
  

Overall total

   4,931    4,800
    
  

Customers:

         

Large group

   2,975    2,927

Small group and middle market

   463    433

Individuals

   266    273

National accounts

   1,227    1,167
    
  

Overall total

   4,931    4,800
    
  

Funding type:

         

Commercial managed care:

         

Insured

   2,659    2,595

Self-funded

   1,696    1,485
    
  

Total commercial managed care

   4,355    4,080
    
  

Other insurance products and services:

         

Insured

   330    420

Self-funded

   246    300
    
  

Total other insurance products and services

   576    720
    
  

Overall total

   4,931    4,800
    
  

(1) Our HMO product includes Medicare+Choice. As of September 30, 2004 and 2003 we had approximately 56,000 and 51,000 members, respectively, enrolled in Medicare+Choice.
(2) “Other” consists of POS and our members enrolled in dental only coverage.

 

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As of September 30, 2004, total enrollment was 4.9 million members, a 2.7% increase from September 30, 2003. The increase in overall enrollment was driven by a 6.7% increase in commercial managed care enrollment, offset by a 20.0% decrease in other insurance products and services enrollment. The net increase in overall enrollment was the result of:

 

  Growth of 11.5%, or 261,000 members, in group PPO, EPO and other due primarily to a combination of net membership increases in our existing accounts, new national account customers in our PPO and EPO products, the migration of members enrolled in our indemnity products to our commercial managed care products and the introduction of the POS product to employer groups during 2003;

 

  Growth of 16.4%, or 46,000 members, in our group HMO products; and

 

  A decrease in other insurance product and services enrollment of approximately 144,000 members, due to cancelled business, including the loss of a large self-funded national account in the fourth quarter of 2003, and, to a lesser extent, the continued migration of members to commercial managed care products.

 

Our self-funded enrollment increased 8.8%, or approximately 157,000 members, and at September 30, 2004 represented approximately 39.4% of our total enrollment, 38.9% of commercial managed care enrollment, and 42.7% of other insurance product and services enrollment. The migration of insured business to self-funded arrangements, new self-funded enrollment and growth within existing self-funded accounts resulted in the increase in self-funded enrollment. The migration to self-funded enrollment consisted primarily of approximately 27,000 members from insured large group PPO and 41,000 members from insured indemnity products. New self-funded accounts resulted in 111,000 new members (predominantly national accounts), offset in part by a 66,000 decline in enrollment from group cancellations. We expect self-funded enrollment to continue to increase through the continued migration of insured business to self-funded arrangements and new self-funded accounts. While this trend will reduce our insured premium and claim expense, we do not expect it to have a material impact on net income.

 

As of September 30, 2004, our New York State account covered approximately 997,000 members, or 20.2% of our total membership and 22.9% of our commercial managed care membership, and our New York City account covered approximately 819,000 members, or 16.6% of our total membership and 18.8% of our commercial managed care membership. We provide hospital-only coverage under both of these accounts. The pricing of our products provided to New York State and New York City has historically been renegotiated annually. With respect to the New York State account, effective January 1, 2003, we agreed to new retention or administrative expense pricing covering a three-year period through December 31, 2005, though both parties retain the right to terminate the contract upon six months’ notice. For over two years, the New York City account has been subject to a competitive bid process in which we have participated, relating to a five-year contract. At this time, there is no official timetable for awarding the five-year contract. In October 2003, we agreed to new rates with the New York City account for the period from July 1, 2003 through June 30, 2004. We are negotiating with the New York City account for renewal rates for the period from July 1, 2004 through June 30, 2005. The loss of one or both of the New York State and New York City accounts would result in reduced membership and revenue and require us to reduce, reallocate or absorb administrative expenses associated with these accounts.

 

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The following table sets forth results of operations for each of our segments for the periods set forth below:

 

    

Three months ended

September 30,


   

Nine months ended

September 30,


 
     2004

    2003

    2004

    2003

 
     ($ in millions)  

Commercial Managed Care:

                                

Total revenue

   $ 1,226.1     $ 1,111.6     $ 3,666.2     $ 3,284.8  

Income from continuing operations before income tax expense

   $ 87.7     $ 56.5     $ 253.1     $ 208.4  

Medical loss ratio (1):

                                

Commercial managed care total

     86.1 %     86.6 %     86.5 %     86.1 %

Commercial managed care, excluding New York City and New York State PPO(2)

     82.3 %     83.0 %     82.7 %     82.4 %

Administrative expense ratio (3)

     13.7 %     15.0 %     13.4 %     14.2 %

Other Insurance Products and Services:

                                

Total revenue

   $ 224.9     $ 227.7     $ 673.4     $ 721.1  

Income from continuing operations before income tax expense

   $ 12.1     $ 31.0     $ 38.1     $ 47.5  

Medical loss ratio (1)

     84.9 %     71.9 %     83.7 %     81.1 %

Administrative expense ratio (3)

     28.2 %     29.7 %     28.6 %     28.0 %

(1) Medical loss ratio represents cost of benefits provided as a percentage of premiums earned.
(2) We present commercial managed care medical loss ratio, excluding New York City and New York State PPO, because these accounts differ from our standard PPO product in that they are hospital-only accounts which have lower premiums relative to claim expense than accounts with full medical and hospital coverage. The lower premiums and the size of these accounts distort our performance when the total medical loss ratio is presented.
(3) Administrative expense ratio represents administrative expense as a percentage of premiums earned and administrative service fees. As presented, our administrative expense ratio does not take into account a significant portion of our activity generated by self-funded, or ASO, business, which, at September 30, 2004, represented approximately 38.9% and 42.7% of our managed care and other insurance products and services members, respectively. Therefore, in the following table, we provide the information needed to calculate the administrative expense ratio on a “premium equivalent” basis because that ratio measures administrative expenses relative to the entire volume of insured and self-funded business serviced by us and is commonly used in the health insurance industry to compare operating efficiency among companies. Administrative expense ratio on a premium equivalent basis is calculated by dividing administrative expenses by premium equivalents for the relevant periods. Premium equivalents is the sum of premium earned, administrative service fees and the amount of paid claims attributable to our self-funded business pursuant to which we provide a range of customer services, including claims administration, billing and membership services. Claims paid for our self-funded health business is not our revenue. The premium equivalents for the years indicated were as follows:

 

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     Three months ended
September 30,


   Nine months ended
September 30,


     2004

   2003

   2004

   2003

     ($ in millions)

Commercial Managed Care:

                           

Premiums earned

   $ 1,129.0    $ 1,028.8    $ 3,383.8    $ 3,038.6

Administrative service fees

     83.2      68.9      240.2      207.1

Claims paid for our self-funded health business

     855.9      638.9      2,339.4      1,742.0
    

  

  

  

Premium equivalents

   $ 2,068.1    $ 1,736.6    $ 5,963.4    $ 4,987.7

Other Insurance Products and Services:

                           

Premiums earned

   $ 176.9    $ 180.5    $ 531.3    $ 584.3

Administrative service fees

     45.2      44.9      133.3      129.2

Claims paid for our self-funded health business

     115.2      137.0      344.2      411.8
    

  

  

  

Premium equivalents

   $ 337.3    $ 362.4    $ 1,008.8    $ 1,125.3

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2004 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2003

 

Total revenue increased 8.3%, or $111.7 million, to $1,451.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, from $1,339.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 primarily due to an increase in premium and administrative service fee revenue.

 

Premium revenue increased $96.6 million, or 8.0%, to $1,305.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, from $1,209.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003. The increase in premium revenue was the result of growth in our commercial managed care segment. Commercial managed care premium revenue was $1,129.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, a 9.7%, or $100.2 million, increase compared to the three months ended September 30, 2003. The net increase in commercial managed care premium revenue was the result of the following:

 

  Premium rate increases and membership growth contributed $93.0 million in additional revenue, primarily in our HMO products;

 

  An increase of approximately $45.4 million due to the increased cost of benefits provided in our New York City and New York State PPO accounts; and

 

  A decrease in premium resulting from the conversion of large group accounts to minimum premium arrangements and the conversion of insured groups to self-funded arrangements. Although these conversions did not materially impact net income, they resulted in a reduction of premium revenue of approximately $38.2 million.

 

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The premium growth in commercial managed care was partially offset by the anticipated decline in our other insurance products premium. The decrease in other insurance products premium was the result of enrollment losses, and to a lesser extent, the migration of insured indemnity contracts to self-funded contracts and minimum premium arrangements. In addition, premium revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2003, was reduced by $19.6 million of premium refunds related to our Medicare Supplemental product.

 

Minimum premium arrangements differ from our standard insurance product in that they have significantly lower premiums. The lower premiums associated with these arrangements distort our premium on a PMPM basis when compared to the prior year since we did not have these arrangements in place. Therefore, we present premium, on a PMPM basis, for the three months ended September 30, 2004, excluding minimum premium arrangements (1):

 

     Three Months Ended September 30,

 
     2004

   2003

   Change

 

Total

   $ 148.80    $ 134.36    10.7 %

Commercial managed care

   $ 144.83    $ 133.17    8.8 %

Commercial managed care excluding New York City and New York State PPO (2)

   $ 295.20    $ 274.20    7.7 %

Other insurance products and services

   $ 180.23    $ 141.51    27.4 %

(1) Premium revenue on a PMPM basis, for the three months ended September 30, 2004, inclusive of minimum premium arrangements, for Total, Commercial managed care, Commercial managed care, excluding New York City and New York State PPO, and Other insurance products and services were $145.91, $141.89, $275.17 and $178.15, respectively. We did not have any minimum premium arrangements during the three months ended September 30, 2003.
(2) We present commercial managed care premium, on a PMPM basis, excluding New York City and New York State PPO, because these accounts differ from our standard PPO product in that they are hospital-only accounts which have lower premiums than accounts with full medical and hospital coverage. The lower premiums and the size of these accounts distort our performance when the total PMPM premium is presented.

 

The increase in total and commercial managed care premium, on a PMPM basis, for the three months ended September 30, 2004 was the result of premium rate increases and increased cost of benefits provided on our New York City and New York State PPO accounts. The PMPM premium increase in commercial managed care excluding the New York City and New York State PPO for the three months ended September 30, 2004 was the result of premium rate increases. Other insurance products and services PMPM premium increased for the three months ended September 30, 2004 when compared to the three months ended September 30, 2003, due primarily to declining membership in lower priced products, rate increases and the establishment of a premium refund liability of $19.74 on a PMPM basis, related to our Medicare Supplemental product in 2003.

 

Administrative service fee revenue increased 12.8%, or $14.6 million, to $128.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, from $113.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003. The increase was primarily due to the following:

 

  45,000 new self-funded customers, net of cancellations, the migration of approximately 68,000 insured contracts to self-funded contracts, as well as growth within existing accounts and rate increases, accounted for approximately $11.0 million of the increase;

 

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  Total BlueCard fees increased 19.5%, or $2.6 million, to $15.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, from $13.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 due to an increase in transaction volume; and

 

  Administrative service fees attributable to our CMS contracts for the Medicare Part A and Part B programs increased $1.1 million or 3.6% to $31.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004 from $30.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003. The increase resulted from reimbursement for additional expenses attributable to administration of the CMS contracts.

 

Investment income, net of investment expenses, which consists predominantly of interest and dividend income of $15.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004 increased 12.1%, or $1.7 million, from the three months ended September 30, 2003. This increase was due to a larger fixed income portfolio and a higher concentration of long-term holdings in 2004. Net realized gains of $0.9 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, were primarily the result of net gains on the sale of marketable securities.

 

Other income, net represents various miscellaneous transactions, none of which were material for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003.

 

Total cost of benefits provided increased 10.0%, or $102.3 million, to $1,122.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, from $1,020.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003. This reflects a 10.7% increase in costs of benefits provided on a PMPM basis, offset by a 0.6% decline in member months due to the migration of membership from fully-insured to self-funded contracts and the conversion to minimum premium arrangements.

 

The lower claim costs associated with minimum premium arrangements distort our claim expense on a PMPM basis when compared to the prior year since we did not have these arrangements in place. Therefore, we present cost of benefits provided, on a PMPM basis, for the three months ended September 30, 2004, excluding minimum premium arrangements (1):

 

     Three Months Ended September 30,

 
     2004

   2003

   Change

 

Total

   $ 128.44    $ 113.36    13.3 %

Commercial managed care

   $ 125.30    $ 115.28    8.7 %

Commercial managed care excluding New York City and New York State PPO (2)

   $ 244.71    $ 227.48    7.6 %

Other insurance products and services

   $ 153.28    $ 101.73    50.7 %

(1) The cost of benefits provided, on a PMPM basis, for the three months ended September 30, 2004, inclusive of minimum premium arrangements, for Total, Commercial managed care, Commercial managed care excluding New York City and New York State PPO, and Other insurance products and services were $125.43, $122.22, $226.46 and $151.16, respectively. We did not have any minimum premium arrangements during the three months ended September 30, 2003.
(2) We present commercial managed care cost of benefits provided on a PMPM basis, excluding New York City and New York State PPO, because these accounts differ from our standard PPO product in that they are hospital-only accounts which have lower claims than accounts with full medical and hospital coverage. The lower premiums and the size of these accounts distort our performance when the cost of benefits provided on a PMPM basis is presented.

 

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The total medical loss ratio increased to 86.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2004, from 84.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2003. Cost of benefits provided for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003 included $1.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, of positive prior period reserve development on prospectively rated contracts across all products. The increase in total and commercial managed care cost of benefits provided, on a PMPM basis, for the three months ended September 30, 2004 was the result of medical cost increases particularly in inpatient and outpatient facility. The increase in other insurance products and services PMPM cost of benefits provided for the three months ended September 30, 2004 was primarily due to a decrease in membership in lower cost products, such as Medicare Supplemental, as well as Medicare Supplemental demographic pool claim credits of $33.0 million, or $33.23 on a PMPM basis, received in the prior year.

 

Administrative expenses decreased 1.3%, or $2.9 million, to $228.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, from $231.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 due to the following:

 

  During the third quarter of 2003, we concluded that certain unoccupied leased office space would not be utilized in the future and recognized an expense of $13.4 million, representing the net present value difference between the fair value of estimated sublease rentals and the remaining lease obligation for this space; and

 

  A decrease in depreciation expense related to capitalized software of $2.5 million. The majority of the capitalized costs related to the development of Internet web portals that were fully depreciated at the end of the 2003.

 

These decreases were offset in part by:

 

  Increased professional service fees of $5.4 million. These services related to corporate projects and outsourcing arrangements;

 

  Broker commissions increased $2.7 million due to premium growth in the small group and middle market customer segment; and

 

  Increased employee salary and benefit expense of $3.4 million.

 

Income from continuing operations before income taxes increased 14.1%, or $12.3 million, to $99.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, from $87.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003. This improvement was primarily the result of an increase in commercial managed care membership and rate increases. Income tax expense of $37.9 million reduced net income to $61.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. Income tax expense of $35.4 million reduced net income to $52.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003.

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2004 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003

 

Total revenue increased 8.3%, or $333.7 million, to $4,339.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, from $4,005.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 primarily due to an increase in premium and administrative service fee revenue.

 

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Premium revenue increased $292.2 million, or 8.1%, to $3,915.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, from $3,622.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. The increase in premium revenue was the result of growth in our commercial managed care segment. Commercial managed care premium revenue was $3,383.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, a 11.4%, or $345.2 million, increase compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2003. The net increase in commercial managed care premium revenue was the result of the following:

 

  Premium rate increases and membership growth contributed $286.7 million in additional revenue, primarily in our HMO products;

 

  An increase of approximately $193.5 million due to the increased cost of benefits provided and premium rate increases in our New York City and New York State PPO accounts; and

 

  A decrease in premium resulting from the conversion of large group accounts to minimum premium arrangements and the conversion of insured groups to self-funded arrangements. Although these conversions did not materially impact net income, they resulted in a reduction of premium revenue of approximately $135.0 million.

 

The premium growth in commercial managed care was partially offset by the anticipated decline in our other insurance products premium. The decrease in other insurance products premium was the result of enrollment losses, and to a lesser extent, the migration of insured indemnity contracts to self-funded contracts and minimum premium arrangements offset in part by the establishment of a premium refund liability of $19.6 million related to our Medicare Supplemental product in 2003.

 

Minimum premium arrangements differ from our standard insurance product in that they have significantly lower premiums. The lower premiums associated with these arrangements distort our premium on a PMPM basis when compared to the prior year since we did not have these arrangements in place. Therefore, we present premium, on a PMPM basis, for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, excluding minimum premium arrangements (1):

 

     Nine Months Ended September
30,


 
     2004

   2003

   Change

 

Total

   $ 148.50    $ 132.96    11.7 %

Commercial managed care

   $ 144.93    $ 130.40    11.1 %

Commercial managed care excluding New York City and New York State PPO (2)

   $ 293.78    $ 267.37    9.9 %

Other insurance products and services

   $ 175.93    $ 148.02    18.9 %

(1) Premium revenue on a PMPM basis, for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, inclusive of minimum premium arrangements, for Total, Commercial managed care, Commercial managed care, excluding New York City and New York State PPO, and Other insurance products and services were $146.12, $142.49, $275.62 and $174.35, respectively. We did not have any minimum premium arrangements during the nine months ended September 30, 2003.
(2) We present commercial managed care premium, on a PMPM basis, excluding New York City and New York State PPO, because these accounts differ from our standard PPO product in that they are hospital-only accounts which have lower premiums than accounts with full medical and hospital coverage. The lower premiums and the size of these accounts distort our performance when the total PMPM premium is presented.

 

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The increase in total and commercial managed care premium, on a PMPM basis, for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was the result of premium rate increases and increased cost of benefits provided on our New York City and New York State PPO accounts. The PMPM premium increase in commercial managed care excluding the New York City and New York State PPO for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was the result of premium rate increases. Other insurance products and services PMPM premium increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 due primarily to declining membership in lower priced products, rate increases and the establishment of a premium refund liability of $6.43 on a PMPM basis, related to our Medicare Supplemental product in 2003.

 

Administrative service fee revenue increased 11.1%, or $37.2 million, to $373.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, from $336.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. The increase was primarily due to the following:

 

  45,000 new self-funded customers, net of cancellations, the migration of approximately 68,000 insured contracts to self-funded contracts, as well as growth within existing accounts and rate increases, accounted for approximately $27.0 million of the increase;

 

  Total BlueCard fees increased 17.6%, or $6.7 million, to $44.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, from $38.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 due to an increase in transaction volume; and

 

  Administrative service fees attributable to our CMS contracts for the Medicare Part A and Part B programs increased $3.5 million or 3.9% to $94.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 from $90.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. The increase resulted from reimbursement for additional expenses attributable to administration of the CMS contracts.

 

Investment income, net of investment expenses, which consists predominantly of interest and dividend income of $43.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 increased 11.1%, or $4.3 million, from the nine months ended September 30, 2003. This increase was due to a larger fixed income portfolio and a higher concentration of long-term holdings in 2004. Net realized gains of $7.5 million and $6.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, were primarily the result of net gains on the sale of marketable securities.

 

Other income, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was $0.2 million compared to $0.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003.

 

Total cost of benefits provided increased 9.1%, or $282.3 million, to $3,371.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, from $3,089.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. This reflects a 10.9% increase in costs of benefits provided on a PMPM basis, offset by a 1.6% decline in member months due to the migration of membership from fully-insured to self-funded contracts and the conversion to minimum premium arrangements.

 

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The lower claim costs associated with minimum premium arrangements distort our claim expense on a PMPM basis when compared to the prior year since we did not have these arrangements in place. Therefore, we present cost of benefits provided, on a PMPM basis, for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, excluding minimum premium arrangements (1):

 

     Nine Months Ended September 30,

 
     2004

   2003

   Change

 

Total

   $ 128.33    $ 113.38    13.2 %

Commercial managed care

   $ 125.82    $ 112.25    12.1 %

Commercial managed care excluding New York City and New York State PPO (2)

   $ 244.43    $ 220.17    11.0 %

Other insurance products and services

   $ 147.67    $ 120.02    23.0 %

(1) The cost of benefits provided, on a PMPM basis, for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, inclusive of minimum premium arrangements, for Total, Commercial managed care, Commercial managed care excluding New York City and New York State PPO, and Other insurance products and services were $125.84, $123.25, $227.96 and $145.99, respectively. We did not have any of these arrangements during the nine months ended September 30, 2003.
(2) We present commercial managed care cost of benefits provided on a PMPM basis, excluding New York City and New York State PPO, because these accounts differ from our standard PPO product in that they are hospital-only accounts which have lower premiums than accounts with full medical and hospital coverage. The lower premiums and the size of these accounts distort our performance when the cost of benefits provided on a PMPM basis is presented.

 

The total medical loss ratio increased to 86.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, from 85.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. Cost of benefits provided for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003 included $7.5 million and $30.2 million, respectively, of favorable prior period reserve development on prospectively rated contracts. The increase in total and commercial managed care cost of benefits provided, on a PMPM basis, for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was the result of medical cost increases particularly in inpatient and outpatient facility and pharmacy costs. The increase in other insurance products and services PMPM cost of benefits provided for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was primarily due to a decrease in membership in lower cost products, such as Medicare Supplemental, as well as Medicare Supplemental demographic pool claim credits of $33.0 million, or $10.83 on a PMPM basis, received in the prior year.

 

Administrative expenses increased 2.4%, or $16.1 million, to $676.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, from $660.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003, due to the following:

 

  Increased employee salary and benefit expense of $13.9 million due to an increase in medical benefit expense, higher average salaries and the amortization of restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit awards, offset in part by a decrease in employee restructuring costs;

 

  Professional service fees increased $10.3 million. These services related to our Sarbanes-Oxley Act compliance effort, corporate projects and outsourcing arrangements;

 

  Broker commissions increased $7.6 million due to premium growth in the small group and middle market customer segment; and

 

These increases were offset by:

 

  A $6.3 million decrease in reserves related to litigation and the allowance for doubtful accounts;

 

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  During the third quarter of 2003, we concluded that certain unoccupied leased office space would not be utilized in the future and recognized an expense of $13.4 million, representing the net present value difference between the fair value of estimated sublease rentals and the remaining lease obligation for this space; and

 

  A $6.2 million decrease in depreciation expense related to capitalized software. The majority of the capitalized costs related to the development of Internet web portals that were fully depreciated at the end of the 2003.

 

Income from continuing operations before income taxes increased 13.8%, or $35.3 million, to $291.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, from $255.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. This improvement was primarily driven by commercial managed care membership and rate increases. Income tax expense of $104.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 includes a benefit of $5.7 million resulting from a settlement of a prior year IRS audit issue relating to the tax basis used in determining the gain or loss on the sale of our former corporate headquarters. Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was $186.6 million. Income tax expense of $107.3 million reduced net income to $148.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

WellChoice is a holding company and depends on its subsidiaries for cash and working capital to pay expenses. WellChoice receives cash from its subsidiaries from administrative and management service fees, as well as tax sharing payments and dividends. On January 22, 2004, the New York State Superintendent of Insurance, or Superintendent, approved the payment of a dividend to WellChoice from its subsidiary, Empire HealthChoice Assurance, Inc., or Empire, in the amount of $120.0 million, which was paid on February 11, 2004. On September 30, 2004, the Superintendent approved the payment of a dividend to WellChoice from Empire in the amount of $75.0 million, which was paid on September 30, 2004. These dividends have been accounted for as an equity transfer from a subsidiary to the parent of a consolidated group. Since we converted to a for-profit company in 2002, WellChoice received dividends of $560.0 million from its subsidiaries. The Company intends to continue to seek additional dividends from Empire and its other regulated subsidiaries. There can be no assurance that the Superintendent or other state regulators will grant approval for the applicable regulated subsidiary to pay future dividends.

 

At September 30, 2004, the stand alone balance sheet of WellChoice was comprised of the following: total investments and cash and cash equivalents of $556.4 million, investment in subsidiaries, receivables and other assets of $1,294.8 million, accounts payable and accrued expenses of $73.6 million, capital lease obligations and other liabilities of $157.8 million and stockholders’ equity of $1,619.8 million.

 

Our subsidiaries’ primary source of cash is from premiums and fees received and investment income. The primary uses of cash include healthcare benefit expenses, brokers’ and agents’ commissions, premium taxes and administrative expenses. We generally receive premium revenues in advance of anticipated claims for related healthcare services.

 

Our investment policies are designed to provide liquidity to meet anticipated payment obligations and to preserve principal. We believe the composition of our marketable investment

 

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portfolio is conservative, consisting primarily of high-rated, fixed income securities with the objective of producing a consistently growing income stream and maximizing risk-adjusted total return. Our fixed income portfolio is comprised of U.S. government securities, corporate bonds, asset-backed bonds and mortgage-related securities. The average credit rating of our fixed income portfolio as of September 30, 2004 was “AA+.” A portion of the fixed income portfolio is designated as short-term and is intended to cover near-term cash flow needs. Our marketable equity portfolio as of September 30, 2004 consisted of an investment in a mutual fund indexed to the S&P 500, investments equity investments held in our nonqualified employee benefit plans and miscellaneous common stock. As of September 30, 2004 our marketable equity portfolio was 3.2% of the total marketable investment portfolio.

 

In October 2004, we renewed our existing credit and guaranty agreement with The Bank of New York, as Issuing Bank and Administrative Agent, and several other financial institutions as agents and lenders, which provides us with a credit facility. We are able to borrow under the credit facility, subject to customary conditions, for general working capital purposes. The total outstanding amounts under the credit facility cannot exceed $100.0 million. The facility has a term of 364 days with a current maturity date of October 15, 2005, subject to extension for additional periods of 364 days with the consent of the lenders. Borrowings under the facility will bear interest, at our option, at The Bank of New York’s prime commercial rate (or, if greater, 0.50% plus the federal funds rate) as in effect from time to time plus a margin of between zero and 0.75%, or LIBOR plus a margin of between 0.875% and 2.0%, with the applicable margin to be determined based on our financial strength rating. As of September 30, 2004, there were no funds drawn against this credit facility.

 

The credit facility contains covenants that limit our ability to issue any equity interest which is not issued on a perpetual basis or in respect of which we shall become liable to purchase, redeem, retire or otherwise acquire any such interest, including any class of redeemable preferred stock. However, the credit facility does not restrict us from paying dividends on our common stock or repurchasing or redeeming shares of our common stock. Covenants under the credit facility also impose limitations on the incurrence of secured debt, creation of liens, mergers, asset sales, transactions with affiliates and material amendments of material agreements, as defined in the credit facility without the consent of the lenders. In addition, the credit facility contains certain financial covenants. Failure to comply with any of these covenants will result in an event of default, which could result in the termination of the credit facility.

 

We believe that cash flow from our operations and our cash and investment balances, including the proceeds of the dividends mentioned above, will be sufficient to fund continuing operations and capital expenditures for the foreseeable future based on current assets and projected future cash flows.

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2003

 

Cash from operating activities of $214.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 decreased $14.0 million compared to cash from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 of $228.0 million.

 

  Cash flow from premium increased $208.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2003. The increase was attributable to membership growth, premium rates increases and an increase in paid claims related to our New York State and New York City account.

 

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These increases were offset by an increase in accounts receivable and a decrease in group and other contract liabilities;

 

  Cash outflow for cost of benefits increased $260.4 million due to an increase in claims paid of which $159.9 million relates to our New York City and New York State accounts;

 

  Cash received from government administered market stabilization pools decreased $31.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2003. In 2003, we received a distribution related to Pool years 2000, 2001 and 2002 of $12.6 million, $12.8 and $12.8 million;

 

  Net cash flows from administrative fees increased $38.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2003. The increase was due to an increase in self-funded membership and an increase in BlueCard transaction fees;

 

  Advanced premium received relating to our New York State account increased $58.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2003. The increase was due to return of advance premium payments of $36.3 in 2003 and current year contract receipts. There were no advance premium payment returns requested for the nine months ended September 30, 2004;

 

  Payments for administrative expenses increased $32.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2003 due to timing of payments and higher administrative expenses;

 

  Advances to hospitals decreased $17.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2003 due to a decrease in hospital advances issued during the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and receipts collected in 2004 related to 2003 advances; and

 

  Managed cash overdrafts, which approximates our outstanding check liability, decreased $11.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2003.

 

Cash used in investing activities increased $287.5 million to $211.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, from cash provided by investing activities of $76.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. During the second and third quarter of 2004, we reinvested maturing securities in longer term investments, as appropriate; by contrast for the nine months ended September 30, 2003, maturing investments were reinvested in short term securities or cash equivalents due to the interest rate environment.

 

Net cash used in financing activities of $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 reflected payments for capital lease obligations.

 

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Market Stabilization Pools

 

The New York State Community Rating Law requires insurers and HMOs writing small employer (groups with fewer than 50 eligible employees) and individual (non-group) business to participate in certain market stabilization pools established primarily for the purpose of spreading claim risk among carriers. Under the Community Rating Law there are two major Pools: a pool for direct pay and small group contracts excluding Medicare Supplemental contracts (“non-Med Supp Pool”) and a pool for Medicare Supplemental contracts (“Med Supp Pool”). Both Pools operate on a calendar year basis.

 

For Pool years prior to 1996, payments to and from the Pools were based on demographic data submitted by insurers. The non-Med Supp Pool also contained a component that reimbursed insurers for a portion of claim costs related to certain specified medical conditions. Effective January 1, 1996, the Community Rating Law was amended, changing the pooling mechanism from one based on demographics and specified medical conditions to a method based on the experience for approximately fifty medical markers on medical conditions.

 

The revised Community Rating Law required that the demographic and specified medical conditions approach be phased out over a four-year period. The revised methodology is complex and, as a result, implementing regulations were not issued until 2002. During this period, an interim method to distribute the portion of the Pools based on the new methodology for non-Med Supp Pool funds was developed for Pool years 1996 through 1998. Also during this time, the New York State Insurance Department (“NYSID”) determined that the demographic approach was permissible under the 1996 law and would continue to be the method used for the Med Supp Pool.

 

Distributions from the non-Med Supp Pool have been made through 1998 and distributions from the Med Supp Pool have been made for years through 1997 and for the years 2000 through the third quarter of 2003. In addition, partial distributions were received for Med Supp Pool years 1998 through 1999.

 

Contributions and recoveries under the Pools are estimated based on interpretations of applicable regulations and are recorded as an addition or a reduction to cost of benefits provided. These estimates are adjusted as new information becomes known and such adjustments are included in current period operations. As of September 30, 2004, the NYSID had not provided the non-Med Supp Pool information necessary to determine if we would receive or owe money to the Pools for the periods for which distributions have not been made. Consequently, we did not establish a receivable or payable for non-Med Supp Pool years 1999 through 2003 and through the nine months ended September 30, 2004. For Med Supp Pool years 1998 through 1999, we did not establish a receivable due to the general uncertainty surrounding the source of funds to make payments from the Pools. Our ultimate payment to or receipts from these Pools may have a material impact to our financial statements.

 

IBM Agreement

 

In June 2002, we entered into a ten-year Master Services Agreement with IBM to enhance and modernize our systems applications and operate our data center and technical help desk. Our payments to IBM for software application services and for operating our data center and technical help desk are based upon actual utilization of services billed at the rates established in the agreement. Under the terms of the IBM agreement we cannot perform or engage a third party to perform any of the data center or technical help desk services, or more than 20% of the in-scope core applications software

 

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services, outsourced to IBM without the written consent of IBM. We estimate that our payments to IBM for operating our data center and technical help desk and providing certain core applications software development will total approximately $532.2 million over the remaining term of the agreement, which we anticipate to be less than the costs which we would have otherwise incurred had we continued to operate the data center and technical help desk ourselves.

 

Pursuant to the IBM agreement, we have undertaken to work jointly with IBM to enhance our systems applications. Some of the systems application software development is being performed overseas from IBM’s offices in Bangalore, India. In the event this facility becomes unavailable during the life of the agreement, IBM has agreed to provide these services from a replacement facility. These applications include technological enhancements based on the ongoing requirements of our business and solutions developed based upon our specifications. We will own the software developed by IBM under the agreement.

 

As part of the IBM agreement, under a related Software License and Support Agreement, dated June 1, 2002, between us and IBM, we engaged IBM, in coordination with deNovis, a privately-held, start-up company, to develop a new claims payment system that would be licensed to us when it was completed. As previously disclosed, the development of the system has been delayed significantly. On October 25, 2004, IBM advised us that on October 22, 2004, deNovis had suspended its current form of operations to search for an asset purchaser.

 

On October 27, 2004, we agreed with IBM to terminate the Software License and Support Agreement without any further obligation of either party, and both parties also agreed to waive any claims against each other arising out of the development of the deNovis claims payment system. At the same time, the parties amended the Master Services Agreement to eliminate the remainder of our obligation under the Master Services Agreement to purchase $55.0 million in modernization and other additional services from IBM (including integration services provided by IBM in connection with the claims payment system).

 

We do not believe that the termination of our agreement with IBM to develop the deNovis claims payment system will have any material impact on our operations because our existing claims payment system is adequate to meet our needs.

 

Regulatory and Other Developments

 

Empire is subject to capital and surplus requirements under the New York insurance laws and the capital and surplus licensure requirements established by the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association. Each of these standards is based on the NAIC’s RBC Model Act, which provides for four different levels of regulatory attention depending on the ratio of a company’s total adjusted capital (defined as the total of its statutory capital, surplus, asset valuation reserve and dividend liability) to its risk-based capital. The capital and surplus level required to meet the minimum requirements under the New York insurance laws and Blue Cross Blue Shield Association licensure requirements applicable to Empire is 200% of Risk-Based Capital Authorized Control Level. As of September 30, 2004, Empire exceeded the New York minimum capital and surplus requirements and the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association capital and surplus licensure requirements.

 

Capital and surplus requirements for Empire HealthChoice HMO, Inc., our HMO subsidiary which is directly owned by Empire, are regulated under a different method set forth in the New York Department of Health’s HMO regulations. The regulations require that Empire HealthChoice HMO currently maintain reserves of five percent of its annual premium income. As of September 30, 2004, Empire HealthChoice HMO, with respect to its operations in New York, meets the financial reserve standards of the New York Department of Health. The Department of Health has proposed revised regulations that would increase the required reserves gradually over the next six years to twelve and one half percent of annual premium income. The regulations, as proposed, will affect all HMOs and we expect we will meet the revised standards. Empire HealthChoice HMO is also subject to the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association capital and surplus licensure requirement that is applicable to Empire and as of September 30, 2004, Empire HealthChoice HMO, satisfies that requirement.

 

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Our New Jersey operations are not subject to the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association capital and surplus licensure requirement. At September 30, 2004, WellChoice Insurance of New Jersey met the minimum capital and surplus requirements of the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance.

 

Regulation of financial reserves for insurers and HMOs is a frequent topic of legislative and regulatory scrutiny and proposals for change. It is possible that the method of measuring the adequacy of our financial reserves could change and that could affect our financial condition. However, any such change is likely to affect all insurers and HMOs in the state where the change occurs.

 

The ability of our insurance and HMO subsidiaries to pay dividends to us is subject to regulatory requirements, including state insurance laws and health department regulations and regulatory surplus or admitted asset requirements, respectively. These laws and regulations require the approval of the applicable state insurance department or health regulators in order to pay any proposed dividend over a certain amount.

 

The provisions of our Blue Cross and Blue Shield licenses also may limit our ability to obtain dividends or other cash payments from our subsidiaries as they require our licensed subsidiaries to retain certain levels of minimum surplus and liquidity.

 

The Blue Cross and Blue Shield license agreements also contain other requirements and restrictions regarding our operations and our use of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield names and marks and these requirements and restrictions could limit our ability to grow our business through acquisitions. The requirements and restrictions contained in the license agreements are subject to change from time to time. New requirements or restrictions could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Upon the occurrence of any event causing termination of the license agreements, we would cease to have the right to use the Blue Cross and Blue Shield names and marks in our Blue Cross Blue Shield licensed territory, which would have a material adverse effect on our business. Events which could result in termination of our license agreements include failure to meet the minimum surplus and liquidity levels set forth above as well as a change of control not otherwise approved by the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association or a violation of the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association ownership limitations on our capital stock.

 

New York Attorney General Spitzer and various state Insurance Superintendents and Commissioners have announced investigations relating to brokerage compensation arrangements, including bonus or contingent payments, primarily in the property and casualty, life and disability insurance sectors, and in certain states, in the health insurance sector. The price of our common stock has been, and could continue to be, adversely affected by the negative publicity associated with these investigations. However, we believe that our commission programs and payments to brokers and agents comply with applicable laws and regulations. Moreover, the aggregate dollar amount of the bonus and contingent payments that we pay to brokers and agents is immaterial and constitutes only a small portion of our total commissions. Nevertheless, these investigations could lead to regulatory or legislative changes that could affect the manner in which we conduct our business.

 

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Investments

 

We classify all of our fixed maturity and marketable equity investments as available for sale and, accordingly, they are carried at fair value. The fair value of investments in fixed maturities and marketable equity securities are based on quoted market prices. Unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities are reported as a separate component of other comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes. The amortized cost of fixed maturities, including certain trust preferred securities, is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity, which is included in investment income. Amortization of premiums and discounts related to our collateralized mortgage obligations portfolio, which consists of high credit quality securities, are adjusted for prepayment patterns using the retrospective method. Investment income is shown net of investment expenses. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. When the fair value of any investment is lower than its cost and such a decline is determined to be other than temporary, the cost of the investment is written down to fair value and the amount of the write down is charged to net income as a realized loss.

 

Short-term investments consist principally of U.S. treasury bills, commercial paper and money market investments. We consider securities with maturities greater than three months and less than one year at the date of purchase as short-term investments. The fair value of short-term investments is based on quoted market prices.

 

Other long-term equity investments include joint ventures, which are accounted for under the equity method, and derivative instruments, which are accounted for at fair value.

 

Our insurance company subsidiaries are subject to state laws and regulations that require diversification of their investment portfolios and limit the amount that may be invested in certain investment categories, such as below-investment-grade fixed income securities, mortgage loans, real estate and equity investments. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations might cause investments exceeding regulatory limitations to be treated as non-admitted assets for purposes of measuring statutory surplus and risk-based capital and, in some instances, require the sale of those investments.

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

The following is an explanation of our accounting policies considered most significant by management. These accounting policies require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates and assumptions could change in the future as more information is known. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

 

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Revenue Recognition

 

Our membership contracts generally have one-year terms and are subject to cancellation upon 60 days written notice. Premiums are generally due monthly and are recognized as revenue during the period in which we are obligated to provide services to our members. We record premiums received prior to such periods as unearned premiums. We record unpaid premium as a receivable, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Premiums recorded for groups with retrospectively rated arrangements are based upon the actual and estimated claims experience of these groups. Future adjustments to the claims experience of these groups will result in changes in premium revenue. Our estimated claim experience is based on a number of factors, including prior claims experience. We continually review these estimates and adjust them based on actual claims experience. Any changes in these estimates are included in current period results. Funds received from these groups in excess of premiums recorded are reflected as liabilities on our balance sheet.

 

We recognize administrative service fees during the period in which the related services are performed. Administrative service fees consist of revenues from the performance of administrative services for self-funded contracts, reimbursements from our contracts with CMS under which we serve as an intermediary for the Medicare Part A program and a carrier for the Medicare Part B program, and fees earned under the BlueCard program. We record the revenue earned under our contracts with CMS net of an allowance for an estimate of disallowed expenses.

 

Cost of Benefits Provided

 

Cost of benefits provided includes claims paid, claims in process and pending, and an estimate for unreported claims for charges for healthcare services for enrolled members during the period. These costs include payments to primary care physicians, specialists, hospitals, pharmacies, outpatient care facilities and the costs associated with administering such care. Costs of benefits are recorded net of pharmacy rebates, coordination of benefits and pool recoveries.

 

We are required to estimate the total amount of claims that have not been reported or that have been received, but not yet adjudicated, during any accounting period. These estimates, referred to as unpaid claims on our balance sheet, are recorded as liabilities.

 

We estimate claim reserves in accordance with Actuarial Standards of Practice promulgated by the Actuarial Standards Board, the committee of the American Academy of Actuaries that establishes the professional guidelines and standards for actuaries to follow. A considerable degree of judgment is involved in estimating reserves. We make assumptions regarding the propriety of using existing claims data as the basis for projecting future payments. Factors we consider include medical cost trends, the mix of products and benefits sold, internal processing changes and the amount of time it took to pay all of the benefits for claims from prior periods. To the extent the actual amount of these claims differs from the estimated amount based on our underlying assumptions, our subsequent financial statements may be materially impacted.

 

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The Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense shown in our balance sheet as of September 30, 2004 consisted of the following components ($ in millions):

 

Pending and incurred but not yet reported, or IBNR, claims

   $ 645.7

Claim adjustment expense reserve

     20.2

Other claim related reserves

     15.7
    

Total

   $ 681.6
    

 

As reflected in this table, approximately 95.0% of the liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense is for pending and IBNR claims. Of the estimate for pending and IBNR claims, approximately 74.0% is for claims incurred in the most recent three months. Estimates of these three months’ claims are based on projected per member per month, or PMPM, costs and the actual member counts during this period. The following table presents the impact on Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense of changes in the annualized cost trend underlying the projected PMPM costs for the most recent three months.

 

Increase/(Decrease) in

Claim Cost Trend


   Increase/(Decrease) in
Unpaid Claim Estimate


 
     ($ in millions)  

(3.0)%

   $ (30.3 )

(2.0)%

     (20.2 )

(1.0)%

     (10.1 )

1.0%

     10.1  

2.0%

     20.2  

3.0%

     30.3  

 

Estimates of the remaining pending and IBNR claims for those claims incurred more than three months prior to the reporting date were based on claims actually paid during this period and completion factors developed from historical payment patterns. A completion factor is the ratio of the claims for a given month that are paid to date as of the reporting date to the ultimate amount expected to be paid for that month. The following table shows the impact on Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense of changes in the completion factors used in projecting the ultimate cost for claims incurred over three months prior to the reporting date.

 

Increase/(Decrease) in

Completion Factor


   Increase/(Decrease) in
Unpaid Claim Estimate


 
     ($ in millions)  

(0.3)%

   $ 43.8  

(0.2)%

     29.2  

(0.1)%

     14.6  

0.1%

     (8.8 )

0.2%

     (16.3 )

0.3%

     (22.7 )

 

It should be noted that the dollar amounts shown in the tables above would not necessarily impact income before income taxes. In prospectively rated business, we are at risk for adverse experience where actual claim costs and other expenses are greater than those expected

 

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and benefit from positive experience where claim costs and other expenses are less than those expected. By contrast, in retrospectively rated business, the customer is generally at risk. At September 30, 2004, approximately 47.0% of the $645.7 million of the reserve for Pending and IBNR claims was held for prospectively rated business.

 

We believe that the recorded unpaid claim liability is adequate to cover our ultimate liability for unpaid claims as of September 30, 2004. Actual claim payments and other items may differ from our estimates. Assuming a hypothetical 1% difference between our September 30, 2004 estimates of unpaid claims and actual claims payable for our prospectively rated business, net income from continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, would increase or decrease by approximately $1.9 million and earnings per share would increase or decrease by approximately $0.02 per share.

 

Retirement Benefits

 

Pension Benefits

 

We sponsor defined benefit cash-balance pension plans for our employees. As discussed in more detail in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, we account for these plans in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards No. 87, Employers’ Accounting for Pensions (“FAS 87”). FAS 87 requires us to make significant assumptions including estimating the expected return on pension plan assets and the discount rate used to determine the current pension obligation. Changes to these assumptions will affect pension expense.

 

Other Postretirement Benefits

 

We provide most employees certain life, medical, vision and dental benefits upon retirement. As discussed in more detail in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, we account for these plans in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards No. 106, Employers’ Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions (“FAS 106”). In accordance with FAS 106, we use various actuarial assumptions including the discount rate and the expected trend in health care costs to estimate the costs and benefit obligations for our retiree health plan.

 

Taxes

 

We account for income taxes using the liability method. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to the difference between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax asset to the amount we believe is more likely than not to be realized. This determination, which requires considerable judgment, is based on a number of assumptions including an estimate of future taxable income. If future taxable income or other factors are not consistent with our expectations, an adjustment to our deferred tax asset may be required in the future. Any such adjustment would be charged or credited to income in the period such determination was made.

 

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

 

Our fixed maturity and marketable equity securities are subject to the risk of potential losses from adverse market conditions. To manage the potential for economic losses, we regularly evaluate certain risks, as well as the appropriateness of the investments, to ensure the portfolio is managed within its risk guidelines. The result is a portfolio that is well diversified. Our primary risk exposures are changes in market interest rates, credit quality and changes in equity prices. The market value of our investments varies from time to time depending on economic and market conditions. Our investment portfolio is not significantly concentrated in any particular industry or geographic region.

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

Interest rate risk is defined as the potential for economic losses on fixed-rate securities due to an adverse change in market interest rates. Our fixed maturity portfolio consists exclusively of U.S. dollar-denominated assets, invested primarily in U.S. government securities, corporate bonds, asset-backed bonds and mortgage-related securities, all of which represent an exposure to changes in the level of market interest rates. We manage interest rate risk by maintaining a duration commensurate with our insurance liabilities and policyholders’ surplus. Further, we do not engage in the use of derivatives to manage interest rate risk. A hypothetical increase in interest rates of 100 basis points would result in an estimated decrease in the fair value of the fixed income portfolio at September 30, 2004 of approximately $46.2 million.

 

Credit Quality Risk

 

Credit quality risk is defined as the risk of a credit downgrade to an individual fixed income security and the potential loss attributable to that downgrade. We manage this risk through our investment policy, which establishes credit quality limitations on the overall portfolio as well as dollar limits for individual issuers. The result is a well-diversified portfolio of fixed income securities, with an average credit rating of approximately “AA+.”

 

Equity Price Risk

 

Equity price risk for stocks is defined as the potential for economic losses due to an adverse change in equity prices. Equity risk exposure is managed through our investment in an indexed mutual fund. Specifically, we are invested in the ML S&P 500 Index LLC, which is an S&P 500 index mutual fund, resulting in a well-diversified and liquid portfolio that replicates the risk and performance of the broad U.S. stock market. We also hold direct common stock investments. We estimate our equity price risk from a hypothetical 10% decline in the S&P 500 and the relative effect of that decline in the value of our marketable equity portfolio at September 30, 2004 to be a decrease in fair value of $4.9 million.

 

Fixed Income Securities

 

Our fixed income strategy is to construct and manage a high quality, diversified portfolio of securities. Additionally, our investment policy establishes minimum quality and diversification requirements resulting in an average credit rating of approximately “AA+.” The average duration of our portfolio as of September 30, 2004 was 3.2 years.

 

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

 

(a) We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, recognizes that any set of controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

 

(b) As of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, we have carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the “reasonable assurance” level.

 

(c) There have been no significant changes in our internal controls or in other factors, which could significantly affect the internal controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation in connection with the preparation of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

 

(d) There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonable likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

 

Consumers Union of U.S., Inc. et. al. On August 20, 2002, Consumers Union of U.S., Inc., the New York Statewide Senior Action Council and several other groups and individuals filed a lawsuit in New York Supreme Court challenging Chapter One of the New York Laws of 2002, which we refer to as the Conversion Legislation, on several constitutional grounds, including that it impairs the plaintiffs’ contractual rights, impairs the plaintiffs’ property rights without due process of law, and constitutes an unreasonable taking of property. In addition, the lawsuit alleges that Empire HealthChoice, Inc., or HealthChoice, has violated Section 510 of the New York Not-For-Profit Corporation Law and that the directors of HealthChoice breached their fiduciary duties, among other things, in approving the plan of conversion. On September 20, 2002, we responded to this complaint by moving to dismiss the plaintiffs’ complaint in its entirety on several grounds. On November 6, 2002, pursuant to a motion filed by plaintiffs, the New York Supreme Court issued a temporary restraining order temporarily enjoining and restraining the transfer of the proceeds of the sale of common stock issued in the name of, or on behalf of, The New York State Public Asset Fund (which we refer to as the Fund) or The New York Charitable Asset Foundation (which we refer to as the Foundation) to the State or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. The court also ordered that such proceeds be deposited in escrow with The Comptroller of the State of New York pending the hearing of the application for a preliminary injunction. The court did not enjoin WellChoice, HealthChoice or the other defendants from completing the conversion or our initial public offering. On March 6, 2003, the court delivered its decision dated February 28, 2003, in which it dismissed all of the plaintiffs’ claims in the complaint.

 

However, the February 28, 2003 decision granted two of the plaintiffs, Consumers Union and one other group, leave to replead the complaint to allege that the Conversion Legislation violates the State Constitution on the ground that it is a local law granting an exclusive privilege, immunity and/or franchise to HealthChoice. On April 1, 2003, the remaining plaintiffs filed an amended complaint, asserting the State constitutional claim as suggested in the court’s decision. The amended complaint seeks to invalidate the Conversion Legislation and, for the first time, to rescind our initial public offering. On May 28, 2003, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the amended complaint in its entirety, for failure to state a claim. On October 1, 2003, the court dismissed all claims against the individual members of the board of directors of HealthChoice, but denied defendants’ motions to dismiss the amended complaint. In its decision, the court stated that the plaintiffs’ decision to limit their request for preliminary relief in their original complaint to restraining the disposition of the selling stockholders’ proceeds of the initial public offering, but not to block the offering, may affect such ultimate relief as may be granted in the action, but was not a reason to dismiss the amended complaint.

 

The parties appealed the February 28, 2003 and the October 1, 2003 decisions and on May 20, 2004, the New York State Appellate Division, First Department, unanimously upheld the lower court’s decisions on (a) February 28, 2003 to dismiss all of the plaintiffs’ claims in the initial complaint and (b) October 1, 2003 to deny defendants’ motion to dismiss the amended complaint. In addressing the plaintiffs’ allegation that the Conversion Legislation is prohibited by the State Constitution and therefore invalid, the court rejected the defendants’ position that the Conversion Legislation does not fall within the constitutional prohibition. The court stated that the language of the constitutional prohibition, at least facially, provides no support for an

 

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exception for the Conversion Legislation. On June 24, 2004, all parties filed motions before the Appellate Division requesting that the cases be certified for immediate review by the New York State Court of Appeals to determine whether the Appellate Division’s May 20, 2004 decision was proper. On October 12, 2004, the Appellate Division granted these motions and we expect the Court of Appeals to hear the appeal.

 

The parties have agreed to stay the lower court proceedings, pending resolution of all appeals of both motions. Pursuant to a stipulation, pending the final disposition of the appeals, the proceeds of any sale of any of our stock issued in the name of, or on behalf of, the Fund or the Foundation, shall be transferred to The Comptroller of the State of New York, to be held in escrow in a separate interest bearing account.

 

If the plaintiffs are successful in this litigation (or in any new litigation challenging the Conversion Legislation), there could be substantial uncertainty as to the terms and effectiveness of the plan of conversion, including the conversion of HealthChoice into a for-profit corporation, the issuance of the shares of our common stock in the conversion, or the sale of our common stock in our initial public offering, our June 2004 secondary public offering or in any other public offering. Any such development could have an adverse impact on our ability to conduct our business and would likely have an adverse impact on the trading or the prevailing market prices of our common stock.

 

Thomas, et al. v. Empire, et al. In May 2003, this putative class action was commenced in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, Miami Division against the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, Empire and substantially all of the other Blue plans in the country. The named plaintiffs have brought this case on their own behalf and also purport to bring it on behalf of similarly situated physicians and seek damages and injunctive relief to redress their claim of economic losses which they allege is the result of defendants, on their own and as part of a common scheme, systemically denying, delaying and diminishing claim payments. More specifically, plaintiffs allege that the defendants deny payment based upon cost or actuarial criteria rather than medical necessity or coverage, improperly downcode and bundle claims, refuse to recognize modifiers, intentionally delay payment by pending otherwise payable claims and through calculated understaffing, use explanation of benefits, or EOBs, that fraudulently conceal the true nature of what was processed and paid and, finally, by use of capitation agreements which they allege are structured to frustrate a provider’s ability to maximize reimbursement under the capitated agreement. The plaintiffs allege that the co-conspirators include not only the named defendants but also other insurance companies, trade associations and related entities such as Milliman and Robertson (actuarial firm), McKesson (claims processing software company), National Committee for Quality Assurance, Health Insurance Association of America, the American Association of Health Plans and the Coalition for Quality Healthcare. In addition to asserting a claim for declaratory and injunctive relief to prevent future damages, plaintiffs assert several causes of action based upon civil RICO and mail fraud.

 

The plaintiffs have subsequently amended their complaint, adding several medical societies as additional plaintiffs a cause of action based upon an assignment of benefits, adding several additional defendants including WellChoice, Inc. and two of its other subsidiaries, WellChoice Insurance of New Jersey, Inc. and Empire HealthChoice HMO, Inc. and dropping their direct RICO claim, but instead base their RICO claim solely on a conspiracy theory.

 

In October 2003, the action was transferred to District Court Judge Federico Moreno, who also presides over Shane v. Humana, et al., a class-action lawsuit brought against other insurers and HMOs on behalf of health care providers nationwide. The Thomas case involves

 

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allegations similar to those made in the Shane action. In the Shane case, the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals, on September 1, 2004, upheld class certification as to RICO related claims but decertified a class as to state law claims. On October 15, 2004, the Shane defendants filed a petition for a writ of certiorari, seeking U.S. Supreme Court review of the 11th Circuit decision.

 

On June 14, 2004, the court ordered the commencement of discovery. The defendants filed motions to dismiss on October 4, 2004, which are pending before the court. Meanwhile, class certification discovery is to be concluded by December 31, 2004, by which date plaintiffs are to file their motion for class certification.

 

Solomon, et al. v. Empire, et al. In November 2003, this putative class action was commenced in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, Miami Division against the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, Empire and substantially all other Blue plans in the country. This case is similar to Thomas, et al. v. Empire, et al, except that this case is brought on behalf of certain ancillary providers, such as podiatrists, psychologists, chiropractors and physical therapists. Like the Thomas plaintiffs, the Solomon plaintiffs allege that the defendants, on their own and as part of a common scheme, systematically deny, delay and diminish payments to these providers. The plaintiffs’ allegations are similar to those set forth in Thomas but also include an allegation that defendants have subjected plaintiffs claims for reimbursement to stricter scrutiny than claims submitted by medical doctors and doctors of osteopathy. Plaintiffs are seeking compensatory and monetary damages and injunctive relief. The complaint was subsequently amended to add several new parties, including WellChoice, Inc. and two of its other subsidiaries, WellChoice Insurance of New Jersey, Inc. and Empire HealthChoice HMO, Inc.

 

By an Order dated January 7, 2004, the case was transferred to Judge Moreno, but not consolidated with the other pending actions. The Court, on its own initiative, deemed this action a “tag along” action to the Shane litigation.

 

On June 14, 2004, the court ordered the commencement of discovery. The defendants filed motions to dismiss on August 27, 2004 which are pending before the court. Meanwhile, class certification discovery is to be concluded by December 31, 2004, by which date plaintiffs are to file their motion for class certification.

 

Other. We are also party to additional litigation and are, from time to time, named as co-defendants in legal actions brought against governmental healthcare bodies. At present, we are not party to any additional litigation that, if concluded in a manner adverse to us, would have a material adverse impact on us or our business.

 

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Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K.

 

(a) Exhibits. The following exhibits to this report are being filed with this report (other than Exhibit 32.1 and 32.2, which are being furnished with this report):

 

Exhibit No.

 

Description


10.37   WellChoice, Inc. 2003 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as amended on September 22, 2004
15   Letter re Unaudited Interim Financial Information
31.1   Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2   Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1   Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2   Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

(b) Current Reports on Form 8-K.

 

On July 22, 2004, we filed with the Commission a Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 22, 2004, disclosing under Items 9 and 12 our earnings for the 2004 second quarter.

 

On September 10, 2004, we filed with the Commission a Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 10, 2004, disclosing under Item 7.01 meetings at which the Company expected that earnings expectations previously reported would be confirmed.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

Date: October 27, 2004   WELLCHOICE, INC.
    (Registrant)
    By:  

/s/ John W. Remshard


        John W. Remshard
       

Senior Vice President and

Chief Financial Officer

 

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Number

  

Description


10.37    WellChoice, Inc. 2003 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as amended on September 22, 2004
15    Letter re Unaudited Interim Financial Information
31.1    Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2    Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1    Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2    Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

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