UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
| x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934: |
For the fiscal year ended April 24, 2004
OR
| ¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission File No. 000-24385
SCHOOL SPECIALTY, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
| Wisconsin | 39-0971239 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
| W6316 Design Drive Greenville, Wisconsin |
54942 | |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (920) 734-5712
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value
(Title of class)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the Registrant, as of October 25, 2003, was approximately $515,325,834. As of June 1, 2004, there were 19,069,987 shares of the Registrants common stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on August 24, 2004 are incorporated by reference into Part III.
PART I
Item 1. Business
Unless the context requires otherwise, all references to School Specialty, we or our refer to School Specialty, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Our fiscal year ends on the last Saturday in April of each year. In this Annual Report on Form 10-K (Annual Report), we refer to fiscal years by reference to the calendar year in which they end (e.g., the fiscal year ended April 24, 2004 is referred to as fiscal 2004). Note that all fiscal years reported and referenced represent 52 weeks, with the exception of fiscal 2000, which had 53 weeks.
Company Overview
School Specialty is a leading education company that provides products, services and ideas that enhance student achievement and development. We primarily serve the pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade (preK-12) education market in the United States and Canada. We hold approximately a 14 percent market share of the $7.2 billion other instructional materials market. We offer more than 85,000 items, many of which are proprietary, mail over 40 million catalogs annually, operate a national distribution network and have developed e-commerce websites. Our broad product range enables us to provide customers with one source for their supplemental educational product needs. Our leading market position has been achieved by emphasizing high-quality products and services, superior order fulfillment and exceptional customer service. As a result, we have been able to establish relationships with virtually all of the preK-12 schools and reach nearly all of the teachers in the United States.
We recognize that supplemental educational product procurement decisions are made at the district and school levels by administrators as well as at the classroom level by teachers and curriculum specialists. As a result, we have created an innovative multi-channel sales and marketing strategy enabling us to market our products and services to the various levels of buyers within the education market. The traditional or top down approach targets school districts and school administrators through our traditional sales force of over 350 professionals, the School Specialty Educators Marketplace catalog and JuneBox.com, which is a B2B (business to business) e-commerce solution that allows custom catalogs and pricing, a business system interface and a B2T (business to teacher) option. The specialty or bottom up approach targets the classroom level decision-makers through our specialty sales force of over 200 professionals, through our catalogs featuring our specialty brands as well as the ClassroomDirect catalog and B2T websites. Our other specialty offerings include Premier Agendas, Childcraft, abc, Sax Arts & Crafts, Childrens Publishing and Sportime. The specialty businesses offer more specialized products for individual disciplines. Many of these products are proprietary to our specialty brands.
We believe most of our brands hold the leading market position in their respective categories. We have also solidified this leading market position by acquiring companies that have expanded our geographic presence and product offering. The critical mass we have achieved allows us to benefit from increased buying power while leveraging our national distribution network and sales force to operate more efficiently.
We have grown significantly in recent years through acquisitions and internal growth. From fiscal 2000 through fiscal 2004, our revenues increased from $639.3 million to $907.5 million, a compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, of 9.2 percent. In fiscal 2004, revenues increased by 4.3 percent over the previous fiscal year. We remain focused on growth opportunities, including increasing our penetration rate and expanding in attractive regions, which would allow us to enhance our position as the number one marketer of supplemental educational materials in the United States.
School Specialty, Inc., founded in October 1959, was acquired by U.S. Office Products in May 1996. In June 1998, School Specialty was spun-off from U.S. Office Products in a tax-free transaction. Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq National Market under the symbol SCHS. In August 2000, we reincorporated from Delaware to Wisconsin. Our principal offices are located at W6316 Design Drive, Greenville, Wisconsin 54942, and our telephone number is (920) 734-5712. Our general website address is www.schoolspecialty.com. You may obtain, free of charge, copies of this Annual Report on Form 10-K as well as our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our Current Reports on Form 8-K (and amendments to those reports) filed with, or furnished to, the Securities Exchange Commission as soon as reasonably practicable after we have filed, or furnished, such reports by accessing our website at http://www.schoolspecialty.com, clicking on General, then selecting Investor Information and then selecting the SEC Filings link. Information contained in any of our websites is not deemed to be a part of this Annual Report.
Industry Overview
The school supply market consists of the sale of supplemental educational products, consumable materials, furniture and equipment to school districts, individual schools, teachers and curriculum specialists who purchase products for school and classroom use. National School Supply and Equipment Association (NSSEA) estimates that 2003 public school expenditures in the United States of other instructional materials were approximately $7.2 billion sold primarily through institutional channels supplemented by retail channels, such as teacher stores.
According to the U.S. Department of Education, there are approximately 16,000 school districts, 118,500 elementary and secondary schools and 3.6 million teachers in the United States. Administrators for both school districts and individual schools usually make the decision to purchase the general consumable products and furniture needed to operate the school. Teachers and curriculum specialists generally decide on curriculum-specific products for use in their classrooms and individual disciplines. According to the NSSEA teachers in the United States spent approximately $1.9 billion of their own money in 2002 on supplies to supplement classroom materials.
The industry has highly predictable and generally favorable trends. According to the U.S. Department of Education, education expenditures exceeded $400 billion in 2002 and are expected to continue to rise. The most common measure of education spending is current expenditures per student. According to the National Education Association, current expenditures per student in constant dollars have increased from $6,696 in 1989 to an estimated $7,340 in 2003 and are expected to increase further to $8,875 in 2010, a 21 percent increase over 2003 expenditures. Incremental spending will thus exceed enrollment growth, which according to the U.S. Department of Education is projected to grow by 17 percent from 1989 to 2011 to a record level of 53 million students. The industry is affected by prevailing political and social trends. The attitude of the government towards education determines, to some extent, total expenditures on education. The attitude toward education is generally favorable; however, the industry has been recently affected by the generally weakened economic environment, which has placed pressure on some state and local budgets, the primary sources of school funding.
In January 2002 President Bush signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 designed to improve student achievement in classrooms across the country. The fiscal 2002 federal budget provided for $4.6 billion in federal education funding, an 11 percent increase over the prior year.
The industry is highly fragmented with NSSEA estimating approximately 3,300 education companies providing supplemental education products, many of which are family- or employee-owned businesses that operate in a single geographic region. We believe the increasing demand for single-source suppliers, prompt order fulfillment and competitive pricing, along with the related need for suppliers to
2
invest in automated inventory and electronic ordering systems, is fostering consolidation within the industry. The industry has been trending toward decentralized, or site-based purchasing, which increases individual schools and teachers roles in educational products procurement decisions. We believe these changes are driving a shift in growth to the higher margin specialty businesses, which offer more focused products for different educational disciplines.
Recent Acquisitions
Childrens Publishing. In January 2004 we acquired select assets of the Childrens Publishing business of McGraw-Hill Education, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, for approximately $46 million. The Childrens Publishing business develops, produces, markets and distributes supplemental education materials (including literature, workbooks and manipulatives), to education companies, retailers and consumers. This business is reported as part of our Specialty segment. The acquisition of Childrens Publishing included an operation based in the United Kingdom (U.K.). On February 29, 2004, we sold the stock of the U.K. based business to Findel Education Ltd. for approximately $4 million.
Califone. In January 2004 we acquired Califone International, Inc. (Califone) for an aggregate purchase price, net of cash acquired, of approximately $26 million. Califone is the leading developer of quality sound presentation systems including state of the art multimedia, audio-visual and presentation equipment for schools and industry. Califone markets primarily to education companies. This business is reported as a part of our Specialty segment.
Select Agendas. In May 2003 we acquired Select Agendas, a Canadian-based company that produces and markets student agendas, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $17 million. The business was integrated with Premier Agendas and is reported as part of our Specialty segment.
Sunburst Visual Media. In February 2003 we acquired the visual media division of Sunburst Technology Corporation for approximately $8 million. Sunburst is a leading developer and marketer of proprietary videos, DVDs and related curriculum materials covering the character education, health and guidance curriculums in K-12 schools. Sunburst has been integrated with Teachers Video as a separate brand offering and is reported in our Specialty segment.
J.L. Hammett. In August 2002 we acquired the remaining wholesale operations of J.L. Hammett (Hammett) for approximately $14 million. The Hammett business acquired primarily marketed preK-12 educational products to charter schools and national early learning childhood centers. The business has been integrated into our key accounts group within the Traditional segment.
ABC School Supply. In August 2002 we acquired ABC School Supply and related affiliates (ABC). ABC, a producer and marketer of pre-K through eighth grade educational products, has been integrated into our Childcraft division and key accounts group. We paid approximately $30 million for ABC and also assumed approximately $11 million of debt.
3
Competitive Strengths
We attribute our strong competitive position to the following key factors:
Number One Market Share. We have the highest revenues of any education company providing supplemental learning products. We have developed this leading market position by emphasizing high-quality products, superior order fulfillment and exceptional customer service. We believe that our large size and brand recognition have resulted in significant buying power, economies of scale and customer loyalty. In addition, our recent acquisitions have allowed us to increase our market presence and provide access to markets we have not historically approached.
Leading Established Brands. We have the most established and recognized brands in the industry. We believe that a majority of our brands have a leading market position in their respective categories, based on revenues. With a historical track record of over 100 years for some brands, the Companys brands represent a significant competitive advantage.
Broad Product Lines. Our strategy is to provide a full range of high-quality supplemental learning products to meet the complete needs of schools for preK-12. With over 85,000 items ranging from classroom essentials, manipulatives and furniture to playground equipment, we provide customers with one source for their supplemental learning materials and furniture needs. In addition to our traditional School Specialty Educators Marketplace brand, our specialty businesses enrich our general product offering and create opportunities to cross merchandise our specialty products to our traditional customers. Specialty businesses include the following brands:
| Brand |
Products | |
| Premier Agendas |
Student agendas | |
| Childcraft and abc |
Early childhood | |
| Sax Arts & Crafts |
Art supplies | |
| Childrens Publishing |
Supplemental educational materials | |
| Frank Schaffer |
Supplemental educational materials | |
| ClassroomDirect |
General supplies | |
| Sportime |
Physical education | |
| Teachers Video and Sunburst Visual Media |
Educational videos | |
| Califone |
Sound presentation systems | |
| Frey Scientific |
Science | |
| Brodhead Garrett |
Industrial arts |
Innovative Full-Service Business Model. We have developed a full-service business model with an integrated, multi-channel marketing approach. As a result, we reach district and school administrative decision makers as well as teachers and curriculum specialists through separate sales forces, catalog mailings and the Internet. We utilize our customer database across our family of catalogs to maximize their effectiveness and increase our marketing reach. Additionally, our e-commerce websites provide a comprehensive presence on the Internet which we believe is a significant competitive advantage for us.
Stable Industry with Favorable Trends and Dynamics. Because the market for supplemental learning products is driven primarily by demographics and government spending, we believe our industry is less exposed to economic cycles than many others. We have established working relationships with many large public education organizations and understand how to do business effectively with these institutions. In addition, approximately 70 percent of our revenues are generated from the sale of consumable products, which are generally used each year in the education process and consequently they typically need to be repurchased annually.
4
Established Infrastructure and Customer Relationships. We believe our numerous leading brands, national sales force, large and broad product offering, established customer relationships and a national distribution network with multiple sales channels, including e-commerce, give us a significant competitive advantage. The supplemental learning products market is highly seasonal, with a January through July selling season and a June through October shipping season, and our infrastructure and logistical capacities and capabilities permit us to meet the requirements of these peak periods effectively.
Proven Acquisition and Integration Model. We have completed 15 acquisitions since May 1999. We have established a 6 to 12 month target for our integration process in which we form a focused transition team that is assigned the responsibility to sell or discontinue incompatible business units, reduce the number of items in the product offering, eliminate redundant expenses, integrate the acquired entitys business systems, and exploit buying power. We believe we have proven that we can rapidly improve the operating margins of the businesses we acquire by employing an effective integration process.
Effective Use of Technology. We believe that our use of information technology systems allows us to turn over inventory more quickly than our competitors, offer customers more convenient and cost effective ways of ordering products, and more precisely focus our sales and marketing strategies.
Experienced and Incentivised Management. Our management team provides depth and continuity of experience. In addition, managements interests are aligned with those of our shareholders, as many members of management own shares of our common stock and/or have been granted options to purchase our common stock.
Growth Strategy
We use the following strategies to grow and enhance our position as the leading marketer of supplemental learning products:
Internal Growth. We plan to continue to increase our revenues by:
| | Taking advantage of market growth resulting from rising expenditures per student, combined with increasing enrollment |
| | Developing proprietary products that are curriculum and age specific |
| | Increasing penetration in the early childhood learning market |
| | Increasing penetration in geographic markets where we are currently underrepresented, including Canada |
| | Increasing penetration in large districts by offering our single-source product solution |
| | Cross-merchandising specialty products to traditional customers |
| | Increasing marketing directed toward teachers |
| | Encouraging brand loyalty to the total School Specialty brand offering |
| | Adding new products to enhance the breadth of our product offering |
| | Pursuing price increases to the extent supported by market conditions |
| | Adding sales through various e-commerce solutions including Internet channels |
5
Margin Improvement. As we continue to grow our revenues, we plan to increase margins by selling more specialty products, which typically generate higher gross margins due to the large number of proprietary products in the product mix. In addition, we believe we can further improve operating margins by leveraging the benefits of our recent acquisitions and:
| | Increasing buying power combined with price expansion |
| | Reviewing and adjusting the level of customer discounts |
| | Taking advantage of the industrys shift toward site-based (versus centralized) purchasing |
| | Increasing our sourcing of product from overseas |
| | Improving the efficiency of our supply chain activities |
| | Continuing the elimination of redundant expenses of acquired businesses |
| | Reducing our overhead costs |
Acquisitions. Our selective acquisition strategy and proven integration model have allowed us to solidify our leading position within the industry and establish a strong national marketing and distribution platform. This platform allows us to integrate acquired brands more easily, strengthen our specialty brand portfolio and enter supplemental learning categories in which we do not currently compete, such as music or math. We believe that our size and national presence give us an advantage as a potential acquirer in a consolidating industry.
Furthermore, our proven integration model allows us to realize significant synergies. We believe we have demonstrated our ability to reduce redundant costs, retain the customers of the acquired brands, and integrate distribution networks and information technology platforms. For each acquisition, we generally assume a reduction of approximately 10 percent of the acquired companys revenues. The reduction is expected as we discontinue any unprofitable business lines, divest any product lines outside our core competencies and reduce overlapping sales forces. The integration model is designed to offset the sales reduction and efficiently combine the businesses. The model allows us to smoothly consolidate distribution centers, improve geographic distribution, integrate the back-office functions, expand purchasing power and, when a specialty company is acquired, realize product and margin enhancement related to cross merchandising.
Product Lines
We market two broad categories of supplemental education products: general classroom products and specialty products, including publishing materials, geared towards specific educational disciplines. Our specialty products enrich our general product offering and create opportunities to cross merchandise our specialty products, many of which are proprietary, to our traditional customers. With over 85,000 items ranging from classroom essentials, manipulatives and furniture to playground equipment, we provide customers with one source for their supplemental educational resource needs. Our business is highly seasonal with peak sales levels occurring from June through October.
6
Our general supplemental educational product lines can be described as follows:
School Specialty. Through the School Specialty Educators Marketplace catalog, which is targeted to administrative decision makers, we offer a comprehensive selection of classroom essentials, instructional materials, educational games, art supplies, school forms, educational software, physical education equipment, audio-visual equipment, school furniture and indoor and outdoor equipment. We believe we are the largest school furniture source in the United States. We have been granted exclusive franchises for certain furniture lines in specific territories and we enjoy significant purchasing power in open furniture lines. We enhance our furniture offering with a custom design and contract management service called Projects by Design, which assists in the building or renovation of schools.
Our specialty businesses generally offer supplemental educational products for specific disciplines, as follows:
Premier Agendas. Premier Agendas is the largest provider of academic agendas in the United States and Canada. The agendas include proprietary content to promote student success and are marketed under the brands Premier Agendas, Select Agendas and Time Tracker. Premier is also a leading publisher of school forms, including record books, grade books, teacher planners and other printed forms under the brand name Hammond & Stephens.
Childcraft and abc. We develop early childhood education products and materials under the Childcraft and abc brands. Childcraft and abc also market over 2,000 proprietary or exclusive products manufactured by Childcrafts Bird-in-Hand Woodworks subsidiary, including wood classroom furniture and equipment such as library shelving, cubbies, easels, desks and play vehicles.
Sax Arts & Crafts. Sax Arts & Crafts is a leading provider of art supplies and art instruction materials, including paints, brushes, paper, ceramics, art metals and glass, leather and wood crafts. Sax Arts & Crafts offers customers a toll free Art Savvy Hotline staffed with professional artists to respond to customer questions.
Childrens Publishing. Childrens Publishing develops, produces, markets and distributes supplemental education materials including literature, workbooks and manipulatives and owns copyrights to over 5,000 titles under leading imprints including: Instructional Fair, Frank Schaffer, Judy Instructo, Brighter Child, American Education Publishing and Spectrum. These brands are primarily marketed to education companies and retailers through a distributed sales force.
ClassroomDirect. ClassroomDirect offers general supplemental educational products to teachers and curriculum specialists directly through its mail-order catalogs and fully integrated B2T website.
Sportime. Sportime is a leading developer of physical education, athletic and recreational products. Sportimes catalog product offering includes products for early childhood through middle school as well as targeted products for physically or learning challenged children under the brands Abilitations and Integrations.
Teachers Video and Sunburst Visual Media. Teachers Video and Sunburst Visual Media are leading producers and marketers of educational videos and DVDs for educators. Teachers Video targets teachers, curriculum coordinators and department heads through 17 different curriculum-oriented catalogs, with a total annual mailing volume in excess of 18 million catalogs. Sunburst Visual Media produces videos, DVDs and related curriculum materials covering character education, health and guidance curriculums to schools.
7
Califone. Califone is the leading developer of quality sound presentation systems including state of the art multimedia, audio-visual and presentation equipment for schools and industry.
Frey Scientific. Frey Scientific is a marketer of laboratory supplies, equipment and furniture for science classrooms. Frey Scientific offers value-added focus in the biology, chemistry, physics and earth science areas.
Brodhead Garrett. Brodhead Garrett is the nations oldest marketer of industrial arts products and technical materials to classrooms. Brodhead Garretts product line includes various items such as drill presses, sand paper, lathes and robotic controlled arms.
Our product development managers apply their extensive education industry experience to design age appropriate and curriculum specific products to enhance the learning experience. New product ideas are reviewed with customer focus groups and advisory panels comprised of educators to ensure new offerings will be well received and fill an educational need.
Our merchandising managers, many of whom were educators, continually review and update the product lines for each business. They determine whether current offerings are attractive to educators and anticipate future demand. The merchandising managers also travel to product fairs and conventions seeking out new product lines. This annual review process results in a constant reshaping and expansion of the educational materials and products we offer.
For further information regarding our Traditional and Specialty segments, see our Segment Information in the notes to our consolidated financial statements.
Intellectual Property
We maintain a number of trademarks, trade names and service marks. We believe that many of these marks and trade names have significant value and are materially important to our business. Our trademarks, trade names and service marks include the following: School Specialty Educators Marketplace, School Specialty Childrens Publishing, Spectrum, American Education Publishing, Brighter Child, Frank Schaffer, Instructional Fair, Ideal, Judy, abc School Supply, Abilitations, Brodhead Garrett, Califone, Childcraft Education Corp., Classroom Direct, Frey Scientific, Hammond & Stephens, Premier Agendas, Sax Arts & Crafts, Sax Family & Consumer Sciences, Sportime, Sunburst Visual Media, and Teachers Video Company. In addition, we maintain other intangible property rights.
Sales and Marketing
We have implemented an innovative multi-channel sales and marketing strategy that employs a traditional sales force of over 350 professionals, a specialty sales force of over 200 professionals, over 40 million catalogs mailed annually, B2T websites and B2B e-commerce solutions. We believe we have developed a substantially different sales and marketing model from that of other supplemental educational resource companies in the United States. Our strategy is to use two separate sales and marketing approaches (top down and bottom up) to reach all the prospective purchasers in the education system.
Traditional Business. Our top down marketing approach targets administrative decision-makers through our traditional sales force, the School Specialty Educators Marketplace general merchandise catalog and the JuneBox.com B2B e-commerce solution. This top-down approach accounts for the majority of our traditional business.
Our current primary compensation program for sales representatives includes a base salary plus a bonus based on sales and gross margin achievement.
8
Schools typically purchase supplemental education products based on established relationships with relatively few vendors. We seek to establish and maintain these critical relationships by assigning accounts within a specific geographic territory to a local area sales representative who is supported by a centrally located customer service team. The customer service representatives frequently call on existing customers to ascertain and fulfill their supplemental educational resource needs. The representatives maintain contact with these customers throughout the order cycle and assist in order processing.
We have a centralized and national sales, marketing, distribution and customer service structure. We believe that this structure significantly improves our effectiveness through better sales management, resulting in higher regional penetration, and significant cost savings through the reduction of distribution centers.
Projects by Design is a service we provide to help in the building or renovation of schools. Our professionals prepare a detailed room-by-room analysis to simplify supplemental educational supply planning and fulfillment. Customers have the ability to view prospective classrooms through our innovative software in order to efficiently manage the project.
Specialty Business. We use the bottom up approach to target the classroom level decision-makers through our specialty sales force, catalogs featuring our proprietary products and our specialty brands and B2T websites. These catalogs allow teachers to choose products that are specific to their curriculum and classroom needs and may not have been purchased by school administration.
Generally, for each specialty brand, a major catalog containing its full product offering is distributed near the end of the calendar year for the beginning of the January through July selling season. During the course of the year we mail additional supplemental catalogs. Schools and teachers can also access websites for product information and purchasing. Further, we believe that by cross marketing our specialty brands to traditional customers, we can achieve substantial incremental sales.
Internet Operations. We believe the Internet is an effective and efficient sales channel for us and for our customers. Our Internet approach comprises both B2T and a B2B portals to meet the specific needs of each group. We have been involved in e-commerce for over seven years and have developed the leading e-commerce solutions in the industry. All of our specialty companies operate complete information and e-commerce websites. We also offer the School Specialty mall containing most brands. Additionally, a set of e-commerce solutions powered by JuneBox is designed to meet specific and unique needs of educational organizations. The latest generation of School Specialtys e-commerce solution, Stores offers a complete on-line catalog for individual teacher purchases as well as a full-featured e-procurement system with workflows and budget management. Other components allow the districts to integrate School Specialty e-commerce systems directly into their business systems, allowing for a more streamlined and accurate procurement process.
Pricing. Pricing for our general and specialty product offerings varies by product and market channel. We generally offer a negotiated discount from catalog prices for products from our School Specialty catalog and respond to quote and bid requests. The pricing structure of proprietary specialty products offered through direct marketing is generally less subject to negotiation.
School Specialty has built a broad customer base where no single customer accounted for more than 2 percent of sales during fiscal 2002, 2003 or 2004. We believe we sell into every school district in the United States and reach nearly all of the countrys teachers.
9
Procurement
Traditional Business. Product selection is evaluated on an annual basis and we typically negotiate an annual supply contract with each of our vendors. Our supply contracts with our larger vendors usually provide for special pricing and/or extended terms and often include volume based incentive and rebate programs. Since 2000 we have marketed products under the private label of ClassroomSelect and recently introduced School Smart, expanding our product selection and allowing for margin expansion. We have also increased our margins by developing and sourcing product directly, primarily through overseas channels, and through our recent acquisitions of Childrens Publishing and Califone. This allows us to enhance product offerings and also further expand our margins. We have exclusive distribution rights on several furniture and equipment lines.
Specialty Business. Many of our products in the specialty business are proprietary. We either develop the product or it is an exclusive product developed on our behalf. Typically, we outsource the manufacturing of proprietary products. However, our Childcraft division manufactures wood furniture for sale by Childcraft, abc and our other businesses. We also produce our Teachers Video proprietary videos at our facility in Tempe, Arizona and our student agendas and school forms are designed and produced at our facilities in Bellingham, Washington; Fremont, Nebraska; Langley, British Columbia; and Lachine, Quebec, as well as through third party printers. We purchase non-proprietary products in the specialty business in a similar manner to that of our traditional business procurement process.
To the extent the traditional and specialty businesses are sourcing product from common vendors, we typically negotiate one contract to take full advantage of our combined buying power. We maintain close and stable relationships with our vendors to facilitate a streamlined procurement process. At the same time, we continually review alternative supply sources in an effort to improve quality, improve customer satisfaction, and reduce product cost. Our transactions with our larger vendors are processed through an electronic procurement process. This electronic process reduces costs and improves accuracy and efficiency in our procurement and fulfillment process.
Logistics
We have built what we believe is the largest and most sophisticated distribution network among our direct marketing competitors, with nine fully-automated and seamlessly-integrated distribution centers that ship directly to the customer. The distribution centers average approximately 200,000 square feet. We also maintain call centers to support customer service and sales. We believe this network represents a significant competitive advantage for us, allowing us to reach any school in a fast and efficient manner. We shipped a majority of stocked inventory via UPS in fiscal 2004 and had a 97 percent on-time delivery rate. The fill-rate of our facilities, defined in terms of lines per order, has generally exceeded 95 percent at the peak of our shipping season. We have the ability to expand the network through additions needed to support sales growth. We are constructing a new leased warehouse and office facility of approximately 400,000 square feet in Mt. Joy, Pennsylvania, which will be completed during fiscal 2005. The facility will replace certain currently leased/existing facilities.
In order to maintain the proprietary nature of some of our specialty products, we operate four manufacturing facilities. The Lancaster, Pennsylvania facility manufactures products primarily for the Childcraft and abc brands, while the Bellingham, Washington; Fremont, Nebraska; Langley, British Columbia; and Lachine, Quebec facilities are used for the production of student agendas and school forms. Our manufactured products account for approximately 7 percent of our revenues.
10
Information Systems
We believe that through the utilization of technology in areas such as purchasing and inventory management, customer order fulfillment and database management, we are able to turn over inventory more quickly, offer customers more convenient and cost effective ways of ordering products, and more precisely focus our sales and marketing strategies.
In the traditional and certain specialty businesses, we use a specialized distribution software package. This software package, System for Distributors, offers a fully-integrated process from sales order entry through customer invoicing, and inventory requirements planning through accounts payable. Our system provides information through daily automatic posting to the general ledger and integrated inventory control. We have made numerous enhancements that allow greater flexibility in addressing the seasonal requirements of the industry and meeting specific customer needs.
Most of the remaining specialty divisions use a mail-order and catalog system provided by Ecometry Corporation. This system meets the needs of our direct marketing companies with extensive list management and tracking of multiple marketing offers. The system provides complete and integrated order processing, inventory control, warehouse management and financial applications.
During fiscal 2003, we began the implementation of new business systems utilizing Yantra Corporations order management and warehouse management software. Seven distribution centers are automated and businesses shipping from these centers manage orders using Yantra multi-enterprise order management software. This model will be extended to include additional operations and additional processes and functions during fiscal 2005. By utilizing common systems across our businesses, we expect to achieve an improved order process, reduced order cycle time, enhanced integration between businesses and more effective inventory management. We believe technologies of the new systems will readily support continued growth and integration of new businesses.
Competition
We believe competition in the market in which we operate is fragmented with approximately 3,300 regional suppliers to preK-12 schools. These companies are generally smaller in terms of revenues and serve customers in limited geographic regions. We also compete, to a much lesser extent, with alternate channel competitors such as office product contract stationers and office supply superstores. Their primary advantages over us are size, location, greater financial resources and buying power. Their primary disadvantage is that their product mix typically covers less than 20 percent of the schools needs (measured by volume). We believe we compete favorably with these companies on the basis of service and product offering.
Employees
As of June 1, 2004, we had approximately 2,800 full-time employees. To meet the seasonal demands of our customers, we employ many seasonal employees during the late spring and summer months. Historically, we have been able to meet our requirements for seasonal employment. None of our employees are represented by a labor union. We consider our relations with our employees to be very good.
Backlog
We have no material backlog at April 24, 2004. Our customers typically purchase products on an as-needed basis.
11
Forward-Looking Statements
Statements in this Annual Report which are not historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The forward-looking statements include: (1) statements made under Item 1, Business and Item 7, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, including, without limitation, statements with respect to internal growth plans, projected revenues, margin improvement, future acquisitions, capital expenditures and adequacy of capital resources; (2) statements included or incorporated by reference in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission; and (3) information contained in written material, releases and oral statements issued by, or on behalf of, School Specialty including, without limitation, statements with respect to projected revenues, costs, earnings and earnings per share. Forward-looking statements also include statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectation of School Specialty or its officers. Forward-looking statements include statements preceded by, followed by or that include forward-looking terminology such as may, will, should, believes, expects, anticipates, estimates, continues or similar expressions.
All forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report are based on information available to us as of the date hereof. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements that may be made by or on behalf of us, in this Annual Report or otherwise. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements identified above. Factors which may cause such a difference to occur include, but are not limited to, the factors listed in Exhibit 99.2 to our Form 10-K for fiscal 2004.
Item 2. Properties
Our corporate headquarters is located in a leased facility. The lease on this facility expires in April 2021. The facility is located at W6316 Design Drive, Greenville, Wisconsin, a combined office and warehouse facility of approximately 332,000 square feet, which also services both our Traditional and Specialty segments. In addition, we lease or own the following principal facilities as of June 1, 2004:
[Remainder of this page intentionally left blank]
12
| Locations |
Approximate Square Footage |
Owned/ |
Lease Expiration | |||
| Agawam, Massachusetts (1) |
188,000 | Leased | November 30, 2020 | |||
| Atlanta, Georgia (2) |
20,000 | Leased | January 31, 2006 | |||
| Bellingham, Washington (2) |
49,000 | Leased | March 31, 2011 | |||
| Bellingham, Washington (2) |
61,000 | Leased | July 14, 2007 | |||
| Birmingham, Alabama (2) |
25,000 | Leased | December 31, 2010 | |||
| Columbus, Ohio (2) |
18,000 | Leased | July 31, 2006 | |||
| Chatsworth, California (2) (4) |
20,000 | Leased | ||||
| Duluth, Georgia (3) |
238,000 | Leased | November 30, 2004 | |||
| Fremont, Nebraska (2) |
95,000 | Leased | June 30, 2008 | |||
| Fresno, California (3) |
163,000 | Leased | November 1, 2009 | |||
| Lachine, Quebec (2) |
50,000 | Leased | May 30, 2006 | |||
| Lancaster, Pennsylvania (2) |
73,000 | Leased | December 31, 2007 | |||
| Lancaster, Pennsylvania (2) |
126,000 | Leased | October 31, 2005 | |||
| Lancaster, Pennsylvania (2) |
204,000 | Leased | October 31, 2005 | |||
| Langley, British Columbia (2) |
9,000 | Leased | August 31, 2008 | |||
| Langley, British Columbia (2) |
10,000 | Leased | August 31, 2008 | |||
| Lyons, New York (1) |
179,000 | Owned | | |||
| Mansfield, Ohio (3) |
315,000 | Leased | November 30, 2020 | |||
| Mt. Joy, Pennsylvania (5) |
400,000 | Leased | January 1, 2025 | |||
| New Berlin, Wisconsin (2) |
16,000 | Leased | September 30, 2007 | |||
| Norcross, Georgia (3) |
41,000 | Leased | January 1, 2011 | |||
| Salina, Kansas (1) |
123,000 | Owned | | |||
| Southaven, Mississippi (3) |
200,000 | Leased | December 31, 2010 | |||
| Tempe, Arizona (2) |
57,000 | Leased | February 28, 2005 | |||
| Walker, Michigan (2) |
100,000 | Leased | December 31, 2006 | |||
| Walker, Michigan (2) |
146,000 | Leased | December 31, 2006 | |||
| Walker, Michigan (2) |
200,000 | Leased | July 31, 2011 |
| (1) | Location primarily services the Traditional segment. |
| (2) | Location primarily services the Specialty segment. |
| (3) | Location primarily services both business segments. |
| (4) | Facility lease at this location is renewed monthly. |
| (5) | Under construction. |
The 73,000 square foot Lancaster, Pennsylvania facility is used for manufacturing and the Fremont, Nebraska; Langley, British Columbia; Lachine, Quebec; and Bellingham, Washington facilities are used for production of agendas and school forms. The other facilities are distribution centers and/or office space. We believe that our properties, as enhanced for our ongoing expansion, are adequate to support our operations for the foreseeable future. We regularly review the utilization and consolidation of our facilities.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
We are, from time to time, a party to legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. We believe that none of these legal proceedings will materially or adversely affect our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
13
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
There were no matters submitted during the quarter ended April 24, 2004 to a vote of our security holders.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
As of June 1, 2004, the following persons served as executive officers of School Specialty:
| Name and Age of Officer |
||
| David J. Vander Zanden Age 49 |
Mr. Vander Zanden became President and Chief Executive Officer of School Specialty in September 2002, after serving as Interim Chief Executive Officer since March 2002. Mr. Vander Zanden served as President and Chief Operating Officer from March 1998 to March 2002. From 1992 to March 1998, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Ariens Company, a manufacturer of outdoor lawn and garden equipment. Mr. Vander Zanden has served as a director of School Specialty since June 1998.
| |
| Mary M. Kabacinski Age 55 |
Ms. Kabacinski, a Certified Public Accountant, has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of School Specialty since August 1999. From 1989 to 1999, she served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for Marquette Medical Systems, a manufacturer of medical devices.
| |
| A. Brent Pulsipher Age 62 |
Mr. Pulsipher became Executive Vice President of Corporate Technology in April 2004, after serving as Executive Vice President of Corporate Logistics and Technology of School Specialty since March 2001. From 1998 to 2001, Mr. Pulsipher was Chief Information Officer for Tropical Sportswear International, an apparel producer and brand manager. Mr. Pulsipher held the position of Manager of Consulting Services for Distribution Resources Company, a software developer, from 1988 to 1998.
| |
| Stephen R. Christiansen Age 42 |
Mr. Christiansen joined School Specialty in November 2002 as Executive Vice President, Specialty Companies, following a thirteen-year tenure with Kimberly-Clark Corporation, a world-wide manufacturer of personal care and health care products, where he held progressive marketing and general management positions in the United States and Latin America. | |
The term of office of each executive officer is from one annual meeting of the Board of Directors until the next annual meeting of the Board of Directors or until a successor for each is selected. There are no arrangements or understandings between any of our executive officers and any other person (not an officer or director of School Specialty acting as such) pursuant to which any of our executive officers were selected as an officer of School Specialty.
14
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity and Related Shareholder Matters
Market Information
Our common stock is traded under the symbol SCHS on The Nasdaq National Market. The table below sets forth the reported high and low closing sale prices for shares of the common stock, as reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. during the indicated quarters.
| Fiscal 2004 quarter ended |
High |
Low | ||||
| July 26, 2003 |
$ | 30.59 | $ | 18.08 | ||
| October 25, 2003 |
29.83 | 26.25 | ||||
| January 24, 2004 |
36.85 | 27.05 | ||||
| April 24, 2004 |
37.06 | 33.32 | ||||
| Fiscal 2003 quarter ended |
High |
Low | ||||
| July 27, 2002 |
$ | 28.84 | $ | 21.19 | ||
| October 26, 2002 |
26.51 | 20.58 | ||||
| January 25, 2003 |
25.80 | 19.06 | ||||
| April 26, 2003 |
20.21 | 17.25 | ||||
Holders
As of June 1, 2004, there were 2,102 record holders of our common stock.
Historical Dividends
We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock to date. We currently intend to retain our future earnings to finance the growth, development and expansion of our business. Accordingly, we do not expect to pay cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. In addition, our ability to pay dividends may be restricted or prohibited from time to time by financial covenants in our credit agreements and debt instruments. Our current credit facility contains restrictions on, and in some circumstances, may prevent, our payment of dividends.
15
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
(in thousands, except per share data)(1)
| Fiscal Year |
||||||||||||||||
| 2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
||||||||||||
| Statement of Operations Data: |
(53 weeks | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Revenues |
$ | 907,503 | $ | 870,030 | $ | 767,387 | $ | 692,674 | $ | 639,271 | ||||||
| Cost of revenues |
532,824 | 512,167 | 473,407 | 440,946 | 406,043 | |||||||||||
| Gross profit |
& | |||||||||||||||