UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
| x | Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
| for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2003 |
or
| ¨ | Transition Report Under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
| for the transition period from to . |
Commission File Number: 000-24743
BUFFALO WILD WINGS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Minnesota | No. 31-1455915 | |
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
(IRS Employer Identification No.) |
1600 Utica Avenue South, Suite 700, Minneapolis, MN 55416
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrants telephone number (612) 593-9943
Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: None
Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:
Common Stock, no par value
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO ¨
Indicate by check mark if there is no disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of Regulation S-K contained in this form, and no disclosure will be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). YES ¨ NO x
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates was $151.6 million based on the closing sale price of the Companys Common Stock as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market on March 15, 2004.
The number of shares outstanding of the registrants common stock as of March 15, 2004: 7,997,683 shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on or about June 10, 2004 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.
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PART I
General
References in this document to Buffalo Wild Wings, company, we, us and our refer to the business of Buffalo Wild Wings, Inc. and our subsidiaries. We maintain an internet website address at www.buffalowildwings.com. We make available free of charge through our website our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports as soon as they are reasonably available after these materials are electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
We are an established and growing owner, operator and franchisor of restaurants featuring a variety of boldly flavored, made-to-order menu items including our Buffalo, New York-style chicken wings spun in any of our 12 signature sauces. Our restaurants create an inviting neighborhood atmosphere that includes an extensive multi-media system, a full bar and an open layout, which appeals to sports fans and families alike. Our flexible service model allows our guests to choose among convenient dining options such as quick casual counter service, casual dining table service or take-out. Our award-winning food and inviting atmosphere, combined with our guests ability to customize their dining experience, drives frequent guest visits and loyalty.
The widespread appeal of our concept establishes our restaurants as a neighborhood destination with 245 restaurants in 29 states as of December 28, 2003. Our menu, competitively priced between the quick casual and casual dining markets, features fresh chicken wings and other items including boneless wings, chicken tenders, specialty hamburgers and sandwiches, wrappers, Buffalito soft tacos, finger foods and salads. Our made-to-order menu items are enhanced by the bold flavor profile of our 12 signature sauces, from mild Teriyaki to Blazin. Our restaurants serve approximately 20 domestic and imported beers on tap, generally featuring several local or regional micro-brews and a wide selection of bottled beers and liquor. The inviting and energetic environment of our restaurants is complemented by furnishings that can be easily rearranged to accommodate parties of various sizes. Our guests have the option of watching various sporting events or other popular programs on our projection screens or up to 40 additional televisions, playing National Trivia Network or playing video games. The open layout of our restaurants offers dining and bar areas that provide distinct seating choices for sports fans and families. Our unique service model, providing the flexibility of ordering at the counter or table, allows our guests to customize their Buffalo Wild Wings experience to meet the different time demands or service preferences of a workday lunch, a dine-in dinner, a take-out meal, an afternoon or evening enjoying a sporting event or a late-night craving.
We have established our brand through coordinated marketing and operational execution that ensures brand recognition and the quality and consistency of our concept. These efforts include marketing programs and irreverent, award-winning advertising to support both our company-owned and franchised restaurants. We also prominently feature our trademark Buffalo insignia and yellow and black colors in our restaurants and brand our company materials. Our concept is further strengthened by our emphasis on operational excellence supported by stringent operating guidelines and comprehensive employee training in both company-owned and franchised restaurants.
Buffalo Wild Wings was founded in 1982 by Jim Disbrow and Scott Lowery at a location near The Ohio State University. Our original name was Buffalo Wild Wings & Weck and we became more popularly known as bw-3. In 1991, we began our franchising program. In November 2003, we completed an initial public offering and became a publicly held company.
Industry
The Buffalo Wild Wings concept offers elements of the quick casual and casual dining restaurant segments, capitalizing on emerging trends in consumer lifestyles. Quick casual restaurants generally have the following characteristics: i) limited-service or self-service format, ii) check averages between $6 and $9, iii) innovative
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food suited to sophisticated tastes, iv) upscale or highly developed décor, and v) food prepared-to-order. According to The NPD Group, Inc., a provider of sales and marketing information to the restaurant industry, spending increases in the quick casual segment have historically been higher than in other restaurant segments. Casual dining restaurants differ from quick casual restaurants in that they generally have: i) a full-service format, ii) check averages between $10 and $12, iii) a broad menu, iv) an alcohol component and v) comfortable decor with a higher level of finish. With 2002 sales of approximately $107 billion, the casual dining segment accounts for more than one-third of the entire restaurant industry. According to Technomic Information Services, a source of market data and analysis for the restaurant industry, the casual dining segment has historically experienced annual growth rates in excess of the restaurant industry as a whole and is expected to continue this trend. Additionally, the grill and bar segment is generally considered the largest sub-segment of the casual dining industry.
Both the quick casual and casual dining segments are benefiting from consumer lifestyle and economic trends, including: i) the increase in dual income families, which often have busy work and social schedules and long commutes and which thus place an emphasis on convenience, ii) the decline in the relative cost of a restaurant meal compared to a home-cooked meal, iii) the growth in spending on food eaten away from home generally, of which spending an increasing percentage is being received by restaurants, and iv) the emergence of restaurants as third place destinations where consumers can relax and socialize.
Our Concept and Business Strategy
Our goal is to continue to grow and develop the Buffalo Wild Wings Grill & Bar concept into a leading national restaurant chain. To do so, we plan to execute the following strategies:
| | Open restaurants in new and existing markets. |
| | Offer a boldly flavored menu with broad appeal. |
| | Create an inviting, neighborhood atmosphere. |
| | Enable our guests to customize their dining experience. |
| | Continue to strengthen the Buffalo Wild Wings brand. |
| | Focus on operational excellence. |
| | Increase same-store sales and average unit volume. |
Growth Strategy
Our growth strategy involves opening company-owned and franchised restaurants in both new and existing markets. We believe that we have established the necessary infrastructure and control systems to support our disciplined growth strategy and that our concept can support over 1,000 restaurants in the United States. We have developed procedures for identifying new market opportunities, determining our company and franchising strategy in those markets and identifying sites for company-owned and franchised restaurants. Our growth strategy for the near-term projects a mix of approximately one-third company-owned restaurants and approximately two-thirds franchised restaurants.
We intend to build additional company-owned restaurants in both new and existing markets. Within our existing markets, we plan to continue to develop new company-owned restaurants until a market is fully penetrated, enabling us to gain marketing and cost efficiencies. We intend to enter new markets by opening several restaurants within a one-year period to quickly build our brand awareness. We intend to grow our franchise system through the development of new restaurants by existing and new franchisees, focusing on multiple unit area development agreements.
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The Buffalo Wild Wings Menu
Our restaurants feature a variety of menu items including our Buffalo, New York-style chicken wings spun in any of 12 signature sauces (from mildest to hottest: Teriyaki, Sweet BBQ, Smokey Southwest, Mild, Medium, Spicy Garlic, Caribbean Jerk, Thai, Hot BBQ, Hot, Wild and Blazin). Our fresh chicken wings can be ordered in sizes ranging from six to 100 wings, with larger orders available for parties. Our sauces complement and distinguish our chicken wings to create a bold flavor profile for our guests. In addition to chicken wings, our menu features a wide variety of food items including boneless wings, chicken tenders, specialty hamburgers and sandwiches, wrappers, Buffalito soft tacos, finger foods and salads. We also provide a 12 & Under Menu for children.
Our restaurants feature a full bar which offers an extensive selection of approximately 20 domestic and imported beers on tap as well as bottled beers, wine and liquor. Additionally, in order to continually improve our menu, we have a research and development department that tests and implements new menu items. Our goal is to balance the established menu offerings that appeal to our loyal guests with new menu items that increase guest frequency and attract new guests.
Restaurant Atmosphere and Layout
Our restaurants are designed to provide an inviting neighborhood atmosphere and allow our guests the flexibility to customize their dining experience. The inviting and energetic environment of our restaurants is created using furnishings that can be easily rearranged to accommodate parties of various sizes. Our restaurants also feature distinct dining and bar areas and select restaurants have patio seating.
We strategically place up to 40 televisions and up to five projection screen televisions throughout the restaurant to allow for easy viewing. These televisions, combined with our sound system, National Trivia Network and assorted video games, provide a source of entertainment for our guests and reinforce the energetic nature of our concept. We tailor the content and volume of our video and audio programming in each dining area to reflect our guests tastes. We believe the design of our restaurants enhances our guests experience, drives repeat visits and solidifies the broad appeal of our concept.
All of our menu items are made-to-order and are available for take-out, which approximates 16% of restaurant sales for company-owned restaurants. Many of our restaurants maintain separate parking for our take-out guests.
Current Restaurant Locations
As of December 28, 2003, we owned or franchised 245 Buffalo Wild Wings restaurants in 29 states, of which 84 were company-owned and 161 were franchised. In 2004, we plan to open 65 restaurants, 20 of which will be company-owned and 45 of which will be franchised.
Our company-owned restaurants range in size from 4,000 to 7,500 square feet, with an average of approximately 5,500 square feet. We anticipate that future restaurants, similar to the 15 opened in 2003, will range in size from 5,000 square feet to 6,100 square feet with an average cash investment per restaurant of approximately $800,000, excluding preopening expenses of approximately $75,000. From time to time, we expect that sites may be smaller or larger or cost more or less than our targeted range, depending on the particular circumstances. Also, from time to time, we expect to purchase the building or the land and building for certain restaurants, in which case the cash investment would be significantly higher.
Our restaurants are typically open on a daily basis from 11 a.m. to 2 a.m. Closing times vary depending on the day of the week and city and state regulations governing the sale of alcoholic beverages. Our franchise agreements require franchisees to operate their restaurants for a minimum of 12 hours a day. Our kitchen remains open during the entire period the restaurant is open.
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Site Selection and Development
Our site selection process is integral to the successful execution of our growth strategy. We have formalized internal guidelines for identifying, analyzing and approving new markets, as defined by the A.C. Nielson designated market areas in the United States. In selecting designated market areas, we collect and review restaurant industry data relating to restaurant sales, spending on food away from home and expected restaurant growth in the market, as well as market demographics, population data and relative media costs for radio and television advertising. Once a market is identified, we use a state-of-the-art trade area and site selection evaluation system which is designed and written specifically for the requirements of the Buffalo Wild Wings system to assist in identifying suitable trade areas within that market and suitable sites within identified trade areas. Criteria examined to determine appropriate trade areas include the presence of a casual dining corridor, projected growth within the trade area, the locations of key big box retailers in the neighborhood, key demographics and population density, drive time and trading area analysis and other quantitative and qualitative measures. Once a suitable trade area is identified, we examine site specific details including visibility, signage, access and parking. Final approval by one or more members of our executive management team is required for each company-owned and franchised site.
Marketing and Advertising
We have created a unique marketing program designed to communicate a distinctive and consistent brand that differentiates Buffalo Wild Wings from our competitors and that showcases our food in a fun and energetic atmosphere. These efforts include marketing programs and irreverent, award-winning advertising to support both our company-owned and franchised restaurants. The goal of these efforts is to: i) drive positive same-store sales through additional visits by our existing guests and encourage visits by new guests, ii) increase margins, iii) increase average order size, iv) facilitate strong restaurant openings, and v) build brand awareness.
Marketing Campaigns. Our primary marketing campaigns focus on a particular menu item, day or daypart in an attempt to drive traffic. For example, in 2003 we developed a campaign to promote the rollout of our new Boneless Wings menu item. Our secondary marketing campaigns focus on reaching beyond the core Buffalo Wild Wings guest. Given our strategy to be a neighborhood destination, local area marketing is also a key to developing brand awareness in each market. Our restaurants actively sponsor local sporting teams and sporting events to drive guest traffic associated with those activities.
Advertising. Our media advertising focuses on positioning the Buffalo Wild Wings brand as an inviting neighborhood dining location. Our commercials, print advertisements and radio spots are irreverent by design and have been recognized in the restaurant and advertising industries for their creativity.
Franchise Support. System-wide campaigns and promotions are developed and implemented with input from the Buffalo Wild Wings National Advertising Advisory Board. This volunteer franchisee board is elected by franchisees annually and meets regularly to review marketing strategies, provide input on advertising messages and vendor co-op programs, and discuss marketing objectives.
Operations
Our management team strives for operational excellence by recruiting, training and supporting the highest quality management teams and employees and through the implementation of operational best practices across our restaurants.
Restaurant Management. Our management structure consists of a general manager, one assistant general manager and up to three managers depending on restaurant sales volume. We utilize regional managers to oversee our general managers, ensuring that they receive the training and support necessary to effectively operate their restaurants. Currently, we have 13 regional managers who oversee 2 to 11 restaurants each. As we expand geographically, we expect to add additional regional managers.
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Kitchen Operations. An important aspect to our concept is the efficient design, layout and execution of our kitchen operations. Owing to the relatively simple preparation of our menu items, the kitchen consists of fryers, grill and food prep stations that are arranged assembly-line style for maximum productivity. Given our menu and kitchen design, we are able to staff our kitchen with hourly employees who require only basic training before reaching full productivity. Additionally, we do not require the added expense of an on-site chef. The ease and simplicity of our kitchen operations allows us to achieve our goal of preparing casual dining quality food with minimal wait times. We also believe the ease of our kitchen operations is a significant factor in attracting franchisees.
Training. We provide extensive training for management and hourly employees at company-owned restaurants, with the goal of providing an excellent guest experience based on our service, food preparation and facilities maintenance. Further, we require each franchisee to send its general manager, assistant manager and control person, to attend our management training program.
Managers of our company-owned restaurants are trained using a two-step process that includes both in-class and hands-on sessions during an intensive five-week course at one of our certified training restaurants. During this training period, our manager trainees will work in every aspect of the business, including line cook, server and manager.
Our hourly employees in company-owned restaurants complete a comprehensive position certification process. A station certification process requires 16 to 20 hours of classroom and hands-on training. In addition, our hourly employees are encouraged to participate in an on-the-job training program called the Wing Certified Trainer, or WCT, program that utilizes both detailed training guides and hands-on instruction by restaurant management. The certification process requires that the employee have a high level of knowledge of all 10 components of the restaurants operational manual. These 10 components represent the 6 different job positions in our restaurant: cashier and greeter, bartender, server, expedite station, grill and southwest station, and chip and shake station. Monetary incentives and additional benefits are used to encourage employees to participate in this certification process. Our objective is to have at least four WCTs at each company-owned and franchised restaurant.
Career Opportunities. We attempt to motivate and retain our field operations team by providing them with opportunities for increased responsibilities and advancement. In addition, we offer performance-based cash incentives tied to sales, profitability and qualitative measures such as visits by mystery shoppers. It is our preference to promote from within whenever possible.
Recruiting. We actively recruit and select individuals who demonstrate enthusiasm and dedication and who share our passion for high quality guest service delivered through teamwork and commitment. To attract high caliber managers, we have developed a competitive compensation plan that includes a base salary and an attractive benefits package, including participation in a management incentive plan that rewards managers for achieving performance objectives.
Food Preparation, Quality Control and Purchasing
We strive to maintain high food quality standards. Our systems are designed to protect our food supply throughout the preparation process. We provide detailed specifications to suppliers for our food ingredients, products and supplies. Our restaurant managers are certified in a comprehensive food safety and sanitation course, ServSafe, developed by the National Restaurant Association Education Foundation.
We negotiate directly with independent suppliers for our supply of food and paper products. We use members of UniPro Food Services, Inc., a national cooperative of independent food distributors, to distribute these products from the suppliers to our restaurants. To maximize our purchasing efficiencies and obtain the lowest possible prices for our ingredients, products and supplies, while maintaining the highest quality, our centralized purchasing team negotiates prices based on system-wide usage for both company-owned and
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franchised restaurants. The kitchen manager for each restaurant places orders with approved local suppliers and their UniPro distributor and orders are inspected at delivery. We believe that competitively priced, high quality alternative manufacturers, suppliers, growers and distributors are available should the need arise.
We utilize T. Marzetti Company, an industry-leading supplier of restaurant food products, for the production of our signature sauces. They maintain sufficient inventory levels to ensure consistent supply to our restaurants. We have a confidentiality agreement with Marzetti that prevents our sauces from being supplied to, or manufactured for, anyone else.
Fresh chicken wings are an important component of our cost of sales. Prices are generally based on the underlying commodity price of chicken wings plus additional costs for handling and distribution. For the fiscal year ended December 28, 2003, fresh chicken wings accounted for approximately 31% of our cost of sales. We ensure consistent supply of high quality chicken wings by utilizing four to six suppliers, with Peco Foods, Inc. currently accounting for greater than 50% of the total system-wide supply. Given our multiple suppliers and the commodity nature of fresh chicken wings, we believe we have sufficient supplier flexibility to maintain a consistent chicken wing supply. We regularly review our buying procedures to ensure quality and cost optimization.
Restaurant Franchise Operations
Our concept continues to attract a strong group of franchisees including franchisees of other successful casual dining and quick service restaurant chains.
Our franchisees execute a separate franchise agreement for each restaurant opened, typically providing for a 15- to 20-year initial term, with an opportunity to enter into a renewal franchise agreement subject to certain conditions. Our agreement currently requires franchisees to pay a franchise fee of $40,000 for the first restaurant opened and $30,000 for each additional restaurant they open. The $30,000 fee is reduced to $20,000 if the additional restaurant is in the designated area of the franchisees existing restaurant. If a franchisee has entered into an area development agreement with us, the initial franchise fee is $40,000 for the first restaurant, $30,000 for the second restaurant and $25,000 for each subsequent restaurant. These amounts are reduced to $30,000 for the first restaurant and $10,000 for each subsequent restaurant if the franchisee is an existing area developer. Franchisees also pay us a royalty fee of 5.0% of their restaurant sales. Franchise agreements typically allow us to assess franchisees an advertising fee in the amount of 3.0% of their restaurant sales, of which 2.5% is contributed to our Advertising Fund and the remaining 0.5% is spent directly by the franchisee in the applicable local market. Our current form of franchise agreement permits us to increase the required contribution to the Advertising Fund by 0.5% once every three years.
All of our franchise agreements require that each franchised restaurant be operated in accordance with our defined operating procedures, adhere to the menu established by us, meet applicable quality, service, health and cleanliness standards and comply with all applicable laws. We ensure these high standards are being followed through a variety of means including mystery shoppers and unannounced quality assurance inspections. We also employ franchise consultants to assist our franchisees in developing profitable operations and maintaining our operating standards. We may terminate the franchise rights of any franchisee who does not comply with our standards and requirements. We believe that maintaining superior food quality, an inviting and energetic atmosphere and excellent guest service are critical to the reputation and success of our concept, therefore, we aggressively enforce the contractual requirements of our franchise agreements.
The area development agreement establishes the number of restaurants that must be developed in a defined geographic area and the deadlines by which these restaurants must open. For area development agreements covering three to seven restaurants, restaurants are usually required to open in 12 month intervals. For larger development agreements, the interval is typically shorter. The area development agreement can be terminated by us if, among other reasons, the area developer fails to open restaurants on schedule.
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Currently, our terms require our area developers to pay a non-refundable development fee equal to one-half of the initial franchise fee for each restaurant to be operated under the agreement. Under a special program we are currently offering, if the area developer agrees to open 12 restaurants, the development fee is $175,000. Development agreements for 13 to 24 restaurants require area developers to pay a fee of $250,000 and agreements for 25 or more restaurants require area developers to pay a fee of $300,000. As part of this special program, subject to certain conditions, the royalty fee of 5.0% is waived during the first 12 months of operation of each restaurant. There is no additional initial franchise fee for restaurants developed under this special program.
Management Information Systems
We have our core management information systems in place and believe they are scalable to support our future growth plans. We utilize a standard point-of-sale system in all of our company-owned restaurants that helps facilitate the operation of the restaurants by recording sales, cost of sales, labor and other operating metrics and allows managers to create various reports. Certain information from the point-of-sale system is transferred to our headquarters on a daily basis and is reported daily to various levels of management through our corporate email and intranet. Franchisees are required to report sales on a daily basis through an on-line reporting network and submit their restaurant-level financial statements on a quarterly or annual basis. We believe our current information systems are sufficient to support our planned expansion for the foreseeable future.
Competition
The restaurant industry is intensely competitive. We compete on the basis of the taste, quality and price of food offered; guest service; ambience; location; and overall dining experience. We believe that our attractive price-value relationship, our flexible service model and the quality and distinctive flavor of our food enable us to differentiate ourselves from our competitors. We believe we compete primarily with local and regional sports bars and casual dining and quick casual establishments, as well as with quick service restaurants such as wing-based take-out concepts. Many of our direct and indirect competitors are well-established national, regional or local chains and some have substantially greater financial and marketing resources than we do. We also compete with many restaurant and retail establishments for site locations and restaurant employees.
Proprietary Rights
We own the rights to the Buffalo Wild Wings® service mark and to certain other service marks and trademarks used in our system. We attempt to protect our sauce recipes as trade secrets by, among other things, requiring a confidentiality agreement with our sauce supplier and executive officers. It is possible that competitors could develop recipes and procedures that duplicate or closely resemble our recipes and procedures. We believe that our trademarks, service marks and other proprietary rights have significant value and are important to our brand-building efforts and the marketing of our restaurant concept. We have in the past, and expect to continue to vigorously protect our proprietary rights. We cannot predict, however, whether steps taken by us to protect our proprietary rights will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of these rights or the use by others of restaurant features based upon, or otherwise similar to, our concept. It may be difficult for us to prevent others from copying elements of our concept and any litigation to enforce our rights will likely be costly and may not be successful. Although we believe that we have sufficient rights to all of our trademarks and service marks, we may face claims of infringement that could interfere with our ability to market our restaurants and promote our brand. Any such litigation may be costly and divert resources from our business. Moreover, if we are unable to successfully defend against such claims, we may be prevented from using our trademarks or service marks in the future and may be liable for damages.
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Government Regulation
The restaurant industry is subject to numerous federal, state and local governmental regulations, including those relating to the preparation and sale of food and alcoholic beverages, sanitation, public health, fire codes, zoning and building requirements. Each restaurant requires appropriate licenses from regulatory authorities allowing it to sell liquor, beer and wine, and each restaurant requires food service licenses from local health authorities. Our licenses to sell alcoholic beverages must be renewed annually and may be suspended or revoked at any time for cause, including violation by us or our employees of any law or regulation pertaining to alcoholic beverage control, such as those regulating the minimum age of patrons or employees, the over-serving of alcohol to patrons, advertising, wholesale purchasing and inventory control. The failure of a restaurant to retain liquor or food service licenses could have a material adverse effect on our operations. In order to reduce this risk, restaurant employees are trained in standardized operating procedures designed to assure compliance with all applicable codes and regulations.
We and our franchisees are also subject to laws governing our relationships with employees, including laws and regulations relating to benefits, wages, hours, workers compensation insurance rates, unemployment and other taxes, working and safety conditions and citizenship or immigration status. We may be subject in certain states to dram-shop statutes, which generally provide a person injured by an intoxicated person the right to recover damages from an establishment that wrongfully served alcoholic beverages to the intoxicated person. In addition, we are subject to various state and federal laws relating to the offer and sale of franchises and the franchisor-franchisee relationship. In general, these laws and regulations impose specific disclosure and registration requirements prior to the sale and marketing of franchises and regulate certain aspects of the relationship between franchisor and franchisee.
Employees
As of December 28, 2003, we employed 3,377 employees. We have 531 full-time and 2,742 part-time employees working in our company-owned restaurants and 104 employees based out of our home office or in the field. Our employees are not covered by any collective bargaining agreement and we have never experienced an organized work stoppage or strike. We believe that our working conditions and compensation packages are competitive and consider our relations with our employees to be good.
Our executive officers as of March 15, 2004 are as follows:
Sally J. Smith has served as our Chief Executive Officer and President since July 1996, as a director since August 1996 and as our Chief Financial Officer from 1994 to 1996. Prior to joining the company, she was the Chief Financial Officer of Dahlberg, Inc., the manufacturer and franchisor of Miracle-Ear hearing aids, from 1983 to 1994. Ms. Smith began her career with KPMG LLP, an international accounting and auditing firm. Ms. Smith is a CPA. Ms. Smith serves on the board of the National Restaurant Association.
Mary J. Twinem has served as our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since July 1996 and as our Controller from January 1995 to July 1996. Ms. Twinem also served as a director of the company from June 2002 to September 2003. Prior to joining the company, she served as the Director of Finance/Controller of Dahlberg, Inc., from 1989 to December 1994. Ms. Twinem began her career in public accounting and is a CPA.
Kathleen M. Alberga has served as our Senior Vice President, Marketing and Brand Development since January 2002 and as Vice President of Marketing since March 1997. Prior to joining us, Ms. Alberga was employed by Nemer, Fieger & Associates, an advertising agency, from 1992 to 1997, and she was a partner from 1994 to 1997.
Craig W. Donoghue has served as our Senior Vice President, Information Systems since January 2003, prior to which he served as our Director and later as Vice President of Information Systems from August 1998 to
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January 2003. From November 1996 until August 1998, Mr. Donoghue was a self-employed computer consultant, using the trade name of Excelsior Information Systems. From January 1996 until November 1996, Mr. Donoghue was Manager of Information Systems for Varitronic Systems, Inc.
Emil Lee Sanders has served as our Senior Vice President, Development and Franchising since January 2002 and as Vice President of Franchising since August 2001. Prior to joining us, Mr. Sanders was National Director of Franchising of Allied Domecq Quick Service Restaurants, a franchisor of Dunkin Donuts, Togos Eateries and Baskin-Robbins from September 1998 to August 2001. From 1988 to 1998, Mr. Sanders was a Manager of Branded Retail Systems for General Mills.
James M. Schmidt has served as our Senior Vice President and General Counsel since January 2003 and as Vice President and General Counsel since April 2002. Mr. Schmidt has also served as our Secretary since September 2002, and served as a director of the company from 1994 to September 2003. Mr. Schmidt has been a practicing attorney since 1985, most recently with the law firm of Robbins, Kelly, Patterson & Tucker, which provides legal services to us from time to time.
Judith A. Shoulak has served as our Senior Vice President, Operations since February 2004, as our Senior Vice President, Human Resources from January 2003 to February 2004, and as Vice President of Human Resources from October 2001 to January 2003. From 1993 to 2001, Ms. Shoulak served as Vice President of Field Human Resources of Office Max, where she was responsible for human resources leadership to field operations. Ms. Shoulak is a member of the board of the Minnesota Restaurant Association.
Risk Factors/Forward-Looking Statements
The foregoing discussion and the discussion contained in Item 7 of this Form 10-K contain various forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations or beliefs concerning future events. Such statements can be identified by the use of terminology such as anticipate, believe, estimate, expect, intend, may, could, possible, plan, project, will, forecast and similar words or expressions. The Companys forward-looking statements generally relate to its growth strategy, financial results, sales efforts, acquisition plans and cash requirements. Although it is not possible to foresee all of the factors that may cause actual results to differ from the Companys forward-looking statements, such factors include, among others, the risk factors that follow. Investors are cautioned that all forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties.
Fluctuations in chicken wing prices could reduce our operating income.
The primary food product used by our company-owned and franchised restaurants is fresh chicken wings. We purchase fresh chicken wings based on current market prices that are subject to fluctuations. Any material increase in the cost of fresh chicken wings could adversely affect our operating results. Fresh chicken wing prices are at all-time highs, with prices as of the end of March 2004 being approximately 50% higher than the average per pound price of $1.06 in 2003. Unless there is a reduction in the price of fresh chicken wings, or we are able to successfully adjust menu prices or menu mix or otherwise make operational adjustments to account for the high wing prices, our operating results could be adversely affected. Fresh chicken wings accounted for approximately 28% and 31% of our cost of sales in 2002 and 2003, respectively, with an annual average price per pound of $.89 and $1.06, respectively. If we had experienced a 10% increase in fresh chicken wing costs during 2003, restaurant cost of sales would have increased by approximately $1.1 million for fiscal 2003. Additional information related to chicken wing prices is included in Item 7 under Results of Operations.
If we are unable to successfully open new restaurants, our revenue growth rate and profits may be reduced.
To successfully expand our business, we must open new Buffalo Wild Wings restaurants on schedule and in a profitable manner. In the past, we and our franchisees have experienced delays in restaurant openings and we
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may experience similar delays in the future. Delays or failures in opening new restaurants could hurt our ability to meet our growth objectives, which may affect the expectations of securities analysts and shareholders and thus our stock price. We cannot guarantee that we or our franchisees will be able to achieve our expansion goals or that new restaurants will be operated profitably. Further, any restaurants that we or our franchisees open may not obtain operating results similar to those of our existing restaurants. Our ability to expand successfully will depend on a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include:
| | locating suitable restaurant sites in new and existing markets; |
| | obtaining acceptable financing for construction of new restaurants or negotiating acceptable lease terms; |
| | recruiting, training and retaining qualified home office, field and restaurant personnel and management; |
| | attracting and retaining qualified franchisees; |
| | cost effective and timely planning, design and build-out of restaurants; |
| | obtaining and maintaining required local, state and federal governmental approvals and permits related to the construction of the sites and the sale of food and alcoholic beverages; |
| | creating guest awareness of our restaurants in new markets; |
| | competition in our markets; and |
| | general economic conditions. |
We must identify and obtain a sufficient number of suitable new restaurant sites for us to sustain our revenue growth rate.
We require that all proposed restaurant sites, whether for company-owned or franchised restaurants, meet site-selection criteria established by us. We may make errors in selecting these criteria or we or our franchisees may not be able to find sufficient new restaurant sites that satisfy these criteria to support our planned expansion in future periods. We face significant competition from other restaurant companies and retailers for sites that meet our criteria and the supply of sites may be limited in some markets. As a result of these factors, our costs to obtain and lease sites may increase, or we may not be able to obtain certain sites due to unacceptable costs. Our inability to obtain suitable restaurant sites at reasonable costs may reduce our growth rate.
Our restaurants may not achieve market acceptance in the new geographic regions we enter.
Our expansion plans depend on opening restaurants in new markets where we or our franchisees have little or no operating experience. The success of these new restaurants will be affected by the different competitive conditions, consumer tastes and discretionary spending patterns of the new markets as well as our ability to generate market awareness of the Buffalo Wild Wings brand. Sales at restaurants opening in new markets may take longer to reach average annual restaurant sales, if at all, thereby affecting the profitability of these restaurants. We may not be successful in operating our restaurants in new markets on a profitable basis.
New restaurants added to our existing markets may take sales from existing restaurants.
We and our franchisees intend to open new restaurants in our existing markets, which may reduce sales performance and guest visits for existing restaurants in those markets. In addition, new restaurants added in existing markets may not achieve system-wide operating performance.
Implementing our expansion strategy may strain our resources.
Our expansion strategy may strain our management, financial and other resources. We must attract and retain talented operating personnel to maintain the quality and service levels at our existing and future restaurants. We must also continue to enhance our operational, financial and management systems. We may not be able to effectively manage these or other aspects of our expansion. If we fail to do so, our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows could suffer.
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We are dependent on franchisees and their success.
Currently, approximately 65% of our restaurants are franchised. Franchising royalties and fees represented approximately 11% of our revenues during fiscal 2001, 2002 and 2003. Our performance depends upon i) our ability to attract and retain qualified franchisees and ii) the franchisees ability to execute our concept and capitalize upon our brand recognition and marketing. We may not be able to recruit franchisees who have the business abilities or financial resources necessary to open restaurants on schedule, or who will conduct operations in a manner consistent with our concept and standards. Also, our franchisees may not be able to operate restaurants in a profitable manner.
Our franchisees may take actions that could harm our business.
Franchisees are independent contractors and are not our employees. We provide training and support to franchisees, but the quality of franchised restaurant operations may be diminished if franchisees do not operate restaurants in a manner consistent with our standards and requirements, or if they do not hire and train qualified managers and other restaurant personnel. If franchisees do not adequately manage their restaurants, our image and reputation, and the image and reputation of other franchisees, may suffer materially and system-wide sales could significantly decline. In addition, we may also face potential claims and liabilities due to the acts of our franchisees based on agency or vicarious liability theories.
We could face liability from our franchisees.
A franchisee or government agency may bring legal action against us based on the franchisee/franchisor relationships. Various state and federal laws govern our relationship with our franchisees and our potential sale of a franchise. If we fail to comply with these laws, we could be liable for damages to franchisees and fines or other penalties. Expensive litigation with our franchisees or government agencies may adversely affect both our profits and our important relations with our franchisees.
We may be unable to compete effectively in the restaurant industry.
The restaurant industry is intensely competitive. We believe we compete primarily with regional and local sports bars, casual dining and quick casual establishments, and quick service wing-based take-out concepts. Many of our direct and indirect competitors are well established national, regional or local chains with a greater market presence than us. Further, some competitors have substantially greater financial, marketing and other resources than we do. In addition, independent owners of local or regional establishments may enter the wing-based restaurant business without significant barriers to entry and such establishments may provide price competition for our restaurants. Competition in the casual dining, quick casual and quick service segments of the restaurant industry is expected to remain intense with respect to price, service, location, concept and the type and quality of food. We also face intense competition for real estate sites, qualified management personnel and hourly restaurant staff.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate due to the timing of special events and other factors.
Our quarterly operating results depend, in part, on special events, such as the Super Bowl and other popular sporting events, and thus are subject to fluctuations based on the dates for such events. Historically, sales in most of our restaurants have been higher during fall and winter months based on the relative popularity of national, regional and local sporting and other events. Further, our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly because of other factors, including:
| | increases or decreases in same-store sales; |
| | fluctuations in food costs, particularly fresh chicken wings; |
| | the timing of new restaurant openings, which may impact margins due to the related preopening costs and initially higher restaurant level operating expense ratios; |
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| | the timing and amount of asset impairment and restaurant closing charges; |
| | labor availability and costs for hourly and management personnel; |
| | changes in competitive factors; |
| | disruption in supplies; and |
| | general economic conditions and consumer confidence. |
As a result of the factors discussed above, our quarterly and annual operating results may fluctuate significantly. Accordingly, results for any one quarter are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other quarter or for any year. In the future, operating results may fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors. In that event, the price of our common stock would likely decrease.
We may not be able to attract and retain qualified personnel to operate and manage our restaurants.
Our success and the success of our individual restaurants depend on our ability to attract, motivate and retain a sufficient number of qualified restaurant employees, including restaurant managers, kitchen staff and wait staff. The inability to recruit and retain these individuals may delay the planned openings of new restaurants or result in high employee turnover in existing restaurants. This could inhibit our expansion plans and business performance and, to the extent that a labor shortage may force us to pay higher wages, harm our profitability. Further, the loss of any of our executive officers could adversely impact us.
We may not be able to obtain and maintain licenses and permits necessary to operate our restaurants.
The restaurant industry is subject to various federal, state and local government regulations, including those relating to the sale of food and alcoholic beverages. Such regulations are subject to change from time to time. The failure to obtain and maintain these licenses, permits and approvals, including food and liquor licenses, could adversely affect our operating results. Difficulties or failure to obtain the required licenses and approvals could delay or result in our decision to cancel the opening of new restaurants. Local authorities may revoke, suspend or deny renewal of our food and liquor licenses if they determine that our conduct violates applicable regulations.
Various federal and state labor laws govern our relationship with our employees and affect operating costs. These laws include minimum wage requirements, overtime pay, unemployment tax rates, workers compensation rates, citizenship requirements and sales taxes. A number of factors could adversely affect our operating results, including additional government-imposed increases in minimum wages, overtime pay, paid leaves of absence and mandated health benefits, increased tax reporting and tax payment requirements for employees who receive gratuities, a reduction in the number of states that allow tips to be credited toward minimum wage requirements and increased employee litigation including claims relating to the Fair Labor Standards Act.
The Federal Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in public accommodations and employment. Although our restaurants are designed to be accessible to the disabled, we could be required to make modifications to our restaurants to provide service to, or make reasonable accommodations for disabled persons.
We are susceptible to adverse trends and economic conditions in Ohio.
As of December 28, 2003, 75, or approximately 31%, of our company-owned and franchised restaurants are located in Ohio. As a result, we are susceptible to adverse trends and economic conditions in that state. In addition, given our geographic concentration in the Midwest, negative publicity regarding any of our restaurants could have a material effect on our business and operations throughout the region, as could other regional occurrences such as local strikes, new or revised laws or regulations, or disruptions in the supply of food products.
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Changes in consumer preferences or discretionary consumer spending could harm our performance.
Our success depends, in part, upon the continued popularity of Buffalo, New York-style chicken wings, our other menu items, sports bars and casual dining restaurant styles. We also depend on trends toward consumers eating away from home more often. Shifts in these consumer preferences could negatively affect our future profitability. Such shifts could be based on health concerns related to the cholesterol, carbohydrate or fat content of certain food items, including items featured on our menu. Negative publicity over the health aspects of such food items may adversely affect consumer demand for our menu items and could result in a decrease in guest traffic to our restaurants. A decrease in guest traffic could materially harm our business. Smoking bans imposed by state or local laws could also adversely impact our restaurants performance. In addition, our success depends to a significant extent on numerous factors affecting discretionary consumer spending, including economic conditions, disposable consumer income and consumer confidence. A decline in consumer spending or in economic conditions could reduce guest traffic or impose practical limits on pricing, either of which could harm our business, financial condition, operating results or cash flows.
A decline in visitors to any of the business districts near the locations of our restaurants could negatively affect our restaurant sales.
Some of our restaurants are located near high activity areas such as retail centers, big box shopping centers and entertainment centers. We depend on high visitor rates at these business districts to attract guests to our restaurants. If visitors to these centers decline due to economic conditions, road construction, changes in consumer preferences or shopping patterns, changes in discretionary consumer spending or otherwise, our restaurant sales could decline significantly and adversely affect our results of operations.
The acquisition of existing restaurants from our franchisees may have unanticipated consequences that could harm our business and our financial condition.
We may seek to selectively acquire existing restaurants from our franchisees. To do so, we would need to identify suitable acquisition candidates, negotiate acceptable acquisition terms and obtain appropriate financing. Any acquisition that we pursue, whether or not successfully completed, may involve risks, including:
| | material adverse effects on our operating results, particularly in the fiscal quarters immediately following the acquisition as the acquired restaurants are integrated into our operations; |
| | risks associated with entering into markets or conducting operations where we have no or limited prior experience; and |
| | the diversion of managements attention from other business concerns. |
Future acquisitions of existing restaurants from our franchisees, which may be accomplished through a cash purchase transaction, the issuance of our equity securities or a combination of both, could result in potentially dilutive issuances of our equity securities, the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities and impairment charges related to goodwill and other intangible assets, any of which could harm our business and financial condition.
Our ability to raise capital in the future may be limited, which could adversely impact our business.
Changes in our operating plans, acceleration of our expansion plans, lower than anticipated sales, increased expenses or other events, including those described in this section, may cause us to seek additional debt or equity financing on an accelerated basis. Financing may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all, and our failure to raise capital when needed could negatively impact our growth and other plans as well as our financial condition and results of operations. Additional equity financing, if available, may be dilutive to the holders of our common stock and may involve significant cash payment obligations and covenants and/or financial ratios that restrict our ability to operate and grow our business.
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Improper food handling may affect our business adversely.
There are health risks associated with eating contaminated or improperly handled or prepared food items. Negative publicity over illness caused by improper handling or preparation of food items could harm our future revenue and profitability. While we currently maintain insurance for these types of incidents, we cannot guarantee our insurance is sufficient to cover all adverse outcomes.
Complaints or litigation may hurt us.
Occasionally, our guests file complaints or lawsuits against us alleging that we are responsible for some illness or injury they suffered at or after a visit to our restaurants. We are also subject to a variety of other claims arising in the ordinary course of business, including personal injury claims, contract claims, employment-related claims, claims by franchisees, and claims arising from an incident at a franchised restaurant. The restaurant industry has also been subject to a growing number of claims that the menus and actions of restaurant chains have led to the obesity of certain of their guests. In addition, we are subject to dram shop statutes. These statutes generally allow a person injured by an intoxicated person to recover damages from an establishment that wrongfully served alcoholic beverages to the intoxicated person. We are a party to such a dram shop claim filed in Pennsylvania state court. The plaintiff in this claim has asked for unspecified damages for wrongful death and loss of life as well as punitive damages. Recent litigation against restaurant chains has resulted in significant judgments, and settlements, under dram shop statutes. Because the plaintiff is seeking punitive damages, which may not be covered by insurance, this action could have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. See Legal Proceedings. Regardless of whether any claims against us are valid or whether we are liable, claims may be expensive to defend and may divert time and money away from our operations and hurt our performance. A judgment significantly in excess of our insurance coverage for any claims could materially adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations. Further, adverse publicity resulting from these allegations may materially adversely affect us and our restaurants.
Our current insurance may not provide adequate levels of coverage against claims.
We currently maintain insurance customary for businesses of our size and type. However, there are types of losses we may incur that cannot be insured against or that we believe are not economically reasonable to insure, such as losses due to natural disasters. Such damages could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We may not be able to protect our trademarks, service marks or trade secrets.
We place considerable value on our trademarks, service marks and trade secrets. We intend to actively enforce and defend our marks and if violations are identified, to take appropriate action to preserve and protect our goodwill in our marks. We attempt to protect our sauce recipes as trade secrets by, among other things, requiring confidentiality agreements with our sauce suppliers and executive officers. However, we cannot be sure that we will be able to successfully enforce our rights under our marks or prevent competitors from misappropriating our sauce recipes. We can also not be sure that: i) our marks are valuable, ii) using our marks does not, or will not, violate others marks, iii) the registrations of our marks would be upheld if challenged, or iv) we would not be prevented from using our marks in areas of the country where others might have already established rights to them. Any of these uncertainties could have an adverse effect on us and our expansion strategy.
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We are headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Our home office has 17,198 square feet of office space. We occupy this facility under a lease that terminates on November 1, 2007 with options to renew for two successive five-year terms.
As of December 28, 2003, we owned and operated 84 restaurants. We lease the land and building for all these sites. The majority of our existing leases are for 10- or 15-year terms, generally including options to extend the terms. We typically lease our restaurant facilities under triple net leases that require us to pay minimum rent, real estate taxes, maintenance costs and insurance premiums and, in some instances, percentage rent based on sales in excess of specified amounts. In addition, most of our leases include exclusive use provisions prohibiting our landlords from leasing space to other restaurants that fall within certain specified criteria. Under our franchise agreements, we have certain rights to gain control of a restaurant site in the event of default under the lease or franchise agreement.
The following table sets forth the 29 states in which Buffalo Wild Wings restaurants are located and the number of restaurants in each state as of December 28, 2003:
| Number of Restaurants Open | ||||||
| Company-owned |
Franchised |
Total | ||||
| Alabama |
| 2 | 2 | |||
| Colorado |
| 1 | 1 | |||
| Florida |
| 5 | 5 | |||
| Georgia |
2 | | 2 | |||
| Illinois |
| 8 | 8 | |||
| Indiana |
2 | 21 | 23 | |||
| Iowa |
2 | | 2 | |||
| Kansas |
6 | | 6 | |||
| Kentucky |
8 | 3 | 11 | |||
| Louisiana |
| 3 | <||||