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Index to Financial Statements

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-K

 

x ANNUAL REPORT PERSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission File Number: 000-25375

 

VIGNETTE CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   74-2769415

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

1301 South MoPac Expressway

Austin, Texas 78746

(Address of principal executive offices)

 


 

(512) 741-4300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 


 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

Common Stock, $0.01 par value

(Title of each class)

 


 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes x No ¨

 

As of June 30, 2003, the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $390,454,262.

 

As of February 29, 2004, 261,373,633 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

 


 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 21, 2004 are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 



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VIGNETTE CORPORATION

 

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10–K

For the year ended December 31, 2003

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page

Part I.

         

Item 1.

  

Business

   3

Item 2.

  

Properties

   25

Item 3.

  

Legal Proceedings

   25

Item 4.

  

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

   26

Part II.

         

Item 5.

  

Market for Registrant’s Common Stock and Related Stockholder Matters

   26

Item 6.

  

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

   27

Item 7.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   28

Item 7A.

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

   43

Item 8.

  

Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

   44

Item 9.

  

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

   44

Item 9A.

  

Controls and Procedures

   45

Part III.

         

Item 10.

  

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

   45

Item 11.

  

Executive Compensation

   45

Item 12.

  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

   46

Item 13.

  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

   48

Item 14.

  

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

   48

Part IV.

         

Item 15.

  

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K

   48

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

The statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not purely historical statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, including statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, hopes, intentions or strategies for the future. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those indicated in such forward-looking statements. We are under no duty to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this filing on Form 10-K to conform these statements to actual results. Factors that might cause or contribute to such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors That May Affect Future Results” and the risks discussed in our other historical Securities and Exchange Commission filings.

 

We maintain a World Wide Web site at www.vignette.com. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available free of charge through our Web site as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our Web site and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Vignette is a trademark or registered trademark of Vignette Corporation in the United States and other countries. All other names are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

 

PART I.

 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

 

The information in this section is intended to provide a current description of our business and, therefore, has been updated to reflect our recent acquisition of Tower Technology Pty Limited (“Tower” or “Tower Technology”), which occurred on March 1, 2004. Tower Technology is a leading provider of enterprise document and records management solutions.

 

Our History

 

Vignette was founded in 1995 and for the first several years of our existence, we focused exclusively on the market for managing and delivering content via the Web. As companies began to adopt the Web as a channel for business communication, the technical requirements and complexities of managing and delivering information via the Web grew. Companies began to focus on understanding the usefulness of specific pieces of information, or content, to customers in the context of Web-based applications. In addition, they began to integrate their other existing sources of content into these Web-based applications to create information-rich Web sites.

 

The Web evolved as an important tool for helping companies run their businesses more efficiently, and we responded by aligning our business strategy and product development efforts with this trend. In February of 2000, we acquired DataSage, Inc., a leading provider of Web-based analytics and personalization software and in July 2000, we acquired OnDisplay, Inc., a leading provider of software for integrating business information and applications within an enterprise. The combination of our Web content management technology with the integration technology from the OnDisplay, Inc. acquisition and the analytics technology from the Datasage, Inc. acquisition enabled us to offer an industry-leading suite of technology, introduced in September 2001 as Vignette V6, for optimizing the management and use of Web content across an organization to deliver powerful Web-based applications.

 

The downturn in IT spending, generally, and the precipitous decline in spending for enterprise software, specifically, had a severe impact on our business from 2001 to 2003. Customers and prospects reduced their focus on broad Web-based initiatives and, as a result, our revenue declined dramatically. In the latter part of 2003, we began to see some stabilization in our served markets and we believe that the interest in delivering critical business information via the Web is increasing. Companies are once again focused on

 

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the opportunity to drive business efficiency though the use of the Web as a channel for business communication. In addition, companies are expanding their focus from managing Web content to contemplate the capture, management, sharing and delivery of all types of enterprise content including documents, records, audio, video, email and other forms of information. Giga Research forecasts that this Enterprise Content Management (ECM) market will grow at a 22% compounded annual rate to more than $3.3 billion in 2006.

 

In the past 15 months, we have significantly broadened our product offerings through internal development and acquisitions to better address the opportunity to capture, manage, share and deliver enterprise information. In December of 2002, we introduced Vignette V7, the latest iteration of our flagship Web content management product. Also in December of 2002, we acquired Epicentric, Inc., a leading provider of business portals for delivering information via the Web. In December 2003, we acquired Intraspect Software, Inc., a leading provider of collaboration software for allowing information-sharing and in March 2004, we acquired Tower Technology Pty Limited, a leading provider of enterprise document and records management solutions. We have strengthened our product portfolio and now offer what we believe is the leading suite of ECM solutions. We deliver these solutions with the added benefit of platform independence and full support of the J2EE standards.

 

Overview

 

We believe we are uniquely positioned to provide Web applications that help companies drive revenue growth, cost reductions, increased employee productivity and improved customer satisfaction. Our portal, integration, content, analysis, process and collaboration technologies give organizations the capability to provide a simple, personalized experience anytime, anywhere; integrate systems and information from inside and outside the organization; manage the lifecycle of enterprise information; and collaborate by supporting ad-hoc and business process-based information sharing. Together, our products and expertise help companies to harness the power of their information and the Web to deliver measurable improvements in business efficiency.

 

Our portal helps organizations build, manage and deliver integrated composite applications and deliver personalized experiences to any touch-point. Our integration capability allows organizations to integrate content and processes from any source or enterprise application as well as deploy applications using configurable modules. Content capabilities can capture and manage enterprise content from creation to retirement and manage how information is stored and delivered in the context of how it will be consumed. Collaboration capabilities provide a complete online environment for distributed networks while maintaining a group memory of intellectual property and work products. Our process capabilities automatically process information and content through business workflows. In addition, organizations can evaluate and review the use of content, information and the portal with our analysis capabilities.

 

To meet the information technology needs of organizations of all sizes, our capabilities were developed using open standards. Our capabilities accelerate the time for organizations to recognize value by reaching new markets, growing revenue from anticipating or responding quickly to market demands, and delivering applications faster using comprehensive application services. Our capabilities are adaptable, allowing organizations to configure the business solutions to meet the unique requirements of each organization as well as use the products individually with partner solutions or as an integrated suite. Our commitment to open standards allows organizations to realize more value from their current infrastructure and application investments, as well as reduce costs and increase agility using technology standards while leveraging cross-platform support. Our capabilities are scalable, allowing organizations to begin with simple projects and grow to enterprise-wide deployments and to meet the needs of the most demanding audiences. These software advantages, combined with our capabilities and expertise, help organizations realize measurable efficiency results.

 

Our products and capabilities are supported by our professional services organization, Vignette Professional Services (“VPS”). VPS offers pre-packaged and custom services, along with documented best practices, to help organizations define their online business objectives and deploy their

 

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content management, portal, process, collaboration, integration and analysis applications. Our education, consulting and customer care teams give customers the benefit of our experience gained from thousands of customer implementations. We partner with a number of leading system integrators such as Accenture, EDS, Bearing Point, and Deloitte Consulting to implement our software for their clients. In many cases, we work in blended teams to jointly implement solutions. To ensure that we provide support to our customers on their chosen platform and infrastructure, we have long-standing relationships with key technology providers such as BEA Systems, IBM and Sun Microsystems.

 

Products

 

Our portal, integration, content management, document and records management, collaboration, process and analysis services enable organizations to rapidly build, manage and deploy applications. We support an enterprise services foundation, allowing organizations to manage current and future growth demands and strategies to reflect the real-time enterprise for their customers, suppliers, partners and employees. Our solutions help our customers:

 

  Quickly deploy an integrated solution from a single vendor to increase return on investment;

 

  Deliver the unique ability to use and manage information where it is currently stored, regardless of format and repository;

 

  Unify the management of applications, information and processes across the enterprise through integration with current business applications; and

 

  Lower the cost of ownership by leveraging implemented infrastructures and accepted market standards.

 

We help organizations to combine a comprehensive understanding of content assets across the business, and their value, with Web applications that actively manage the information they have throughout their organization, and deliver the right information and processes to the right person at the right time, regardless of its source.

 

We have continued to provide an integrated enterprise services foundation to create and manage information, business processes, portals and applications. Vignette Content Management and Vignette Application Portal form the core of our product family, and afford users the ability to manage information and interaction in an integrated fashion. Our products also deliver a set of new market defining technologies that our customers can use to further expand the flexibility and functionality of their implementation of our products.

 

To address the particular size and requirements of our customers, we deliver our products in various suites: group, business and enterprise. Additionally, we allow organizations the flexibility to purchase products individually. The Vignette Enterprise Services Foundation is a framework that describes our products covering six application services: portal, integration, content, collaboration, process, and analysis. Organizations may purchase products individually from these six service categories or pre-bundled in suites to meet their specific needs. Following is a listing of our products.

 

Vignette Portal Services - Powerful portal applications provide both a highly functional portal framework and a business user-friendly development environment for assembling portlets.

 

  Vignette Application Portal is an adaptable, scalable, open-portal solution that enables organizations to rapidly build and deliver highly customizable applications for their real-time enterprise across diverse business communities such as employees, partners and customers. We also offer a variety of additional specialized products to enhance our application portal.

 

  Vignette Application Builder enables quick creation, assembly and customization of applications, empowering organizations to respond rapidly to changing business needs. Wizard-based interfaces accelerate the development and deployment of a wide range of critical applications that automatically integrate into the customer’s collaborative portal environment.

 

Vignette Integration Services - Rich integration capabilities provide unique capabilities to connect a broad range of unstructured, semi-structured and structured data (including transactional) sources.

 

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  Vignette Business Integration Studio is a graphical application integration environment for collecting and integrating content and applications from a wide selection of sources with minimal coding. Vignette Business Integration Studio allows users to readily and dynamically map content from disparate schemas, remote repositories and applications to an aggregated destination. We offer over fifty pre-built application and technology adapters that can be used by Vignette Business Integration Studio to integrate with enterprise, desktop, database and proprietary content sources existing throughout an enterprise.

 

  Vignette Technology Adapters are plug-ins to Vignette Business Integration Studio that provide prepackaged integration capabilities to common technology applications that already exist in an enterprise.

 

Vignette Content Services - - Robust content management services including library services, content type modeling, workflow, taxonomy, and search. Document and records management solutions are also available to expand the ability to capture, manage, utilize, retain and dispose of an organization’s enterprise content. In addition, imaging and transactional “Web capture” functionality can effectively promote transitioning paper-based processes to digital processes, streamlining high-volume transaction processes and facilitating the centralized capture, storage and archival of an organization’s business content. This solution also effectively delivers risk and compliance management processes upon the breadth of an organization’s business content, documents, transactions, images, e-mails, rich media and Web transactions.

 

  Vignette Content Management manages content, sites, content types and objects and the deployment and delivery of content. It also functions as a task inbox and workflow manager and includes a roles-based management console and essential library services. The Vignette Command Center, the core of Vignette Content Management, is an intuitive and configurable roles-based management console that enables business and technical users to manage virtually all of their content management objectives through one interface. Once integrated with business processes, users can share knowledge and collaborate on virtually any tasks, using e-mail, desktop applications and Web-based workspaces. We also offer a variety of additional specialized products to enhance Vignette Content Management.

 

  Vignette Taxonomy and Advanced Search organizes and classifies enterprise content using a rich, multi-dimensional taxonomy. It supports XML taxonomy schemas for importing existing custom-created taxonomies and allows the use of taxonomies provided by third parties or the creation of new taxonomies.

 

  Vignette Content Management SDK provides a complete set of APIs, documentation and best practices library that enables developers to extend Vignette Content Management. With the Vignette Content Management SDK, developers can extend application capabilities such as Vignette Content Management’s core library services, knowledge management, classification, virtual repository capabilities, workflow and more to meet the unique needs of the enterprise.

 

  Vignette Command Center SDK provides a complete set of API’s, documentation and a best practices library that enables developers to extend the Vignette Command Center. With Vignette Command Center SDK, developers can modify the look and feel of the Vignette Command Center interface, customize menu options and capabilities or configure the Vignette Command Center to manage third party or custom enterprise applications.

 

  Vignette Integrated Document Management is an integrated document management, archive and retrieval solution addressing document capture, production imaging supporting forms OCR/ICR, high performance image viewing, printing, and storage management; business process automation and workflow supporting case management, BPM and Web services; output report management for capturing, mining, linking, distribution, and statement presentment; and COLD storage and records management supporting electronic and physical records, retention management, e-mail archiving and regulatory compliance.

 

  Vignette Records and Document Server is an enterprise document and records management solution facilitating risk and compliance management supporting metadata search, QBE, indexed full text search, checkin/out and ACL security.

 

  WebCapture is a secure Web transaction capture and playback risk management solution recording transactions on a customer’s site and visited Web sites.

 

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Vignette Collaboration Services – Through our acquisition of Intraspect in December 2003, we acquired rich collaboration capabilities that enhanced our capability of sharing knowledge for teams using workspaces. Our collaboration services also provide interaction management.

 

  Vignette Project Delivery provides online workspaces where extended project teams can work together to better serve and collaborate with key project teams. This solution offers out-of–the-box templates for collaboration and can capture project assets, expertise and best practices. Using Vignette Project Delivery can help organizations increase their speed and repeatability of their projects and can help improve the productivity of internal teams.

 

  Vignette Strategic Account Management is an enterprise solution for business users to create account workspaces and allows account teams to better serve key accounts by effectively capturing, sharing, and searching account-related information and knowledge. This allows organizations to reduce the account team communication cycles and captures valuable account communication, allowing organizations to improve customer satisfaction, productivity of internal teamwork while reducing the costs of account management.

 

  Vignette Business Workspaces is an enterprise solution for business-users to create workspaces, where teams can share, capture and search information. Vignette Business Workspaces provides secure online workspaces where extended business teams can work together more effectively. This helps organizations to reduce the risk of knowledge being lost and improves business relationships.

 

  Vignette Dialog delivers highly personalized content to the intended recipients at the designated time through online and offline touch points. A simple, graphical environment allows business users to create planned, multi-step conversations that can be triggered by virtually any type of event, including Web site registration, completion of a purchase, event attendance or a customer service call.

 

  Vignette Messenger allows business users to easily create, manage, launch and analyze e-mail marketing campaigns. The wizard-based user interface provides all of the tools necessary for non-technical users to properly execute targeted e-mail campaigns to the appropriate audience with the appropriate content.

 

Vignette Process Services - Powerful standards-based process workflow engine and graphical process modeler for building and deploying business processes across the enterprise application infrastructure.

 

  Vignette Process Workflow Modeler provides an intuitive graphical environment for non-technical users to model workflows and other business processes through Microsoft Visio, a well-known business user application. The Vignette Process Workflow Modeler is capable of handling complex tasks such as conditional branching, sub-workflows, looping and parallel routing, while also supporting advanced capabilities such as flexible payloads, dynamic resource assignment and the invocation of external systems and business processes.

 

Vignette Analysis Services - In-depth metrics and reporting based on Web logs, content delivery logs and process performance logs that drive return on investment through the analysis of content usage, Web site or application performance, and process performance.

 

  Vignette Web Log Reporting provides robust site and operations reporting metrics that are integrated with the Vignette Command Center. Vignette Web Log Reporting provides integrated and prepackaged reports for measuring such metrics as site analysis, page analysis, referral statistics, click-stream and downloads.

 

  Vignette Analysis and Reporting measures the return on investment for Web initiatives by monitoring and analyzing content interactions. With Vignette Analysis and Reporting, business users can track interactions such as most and least used content items, customer activity by each node in the taxonomy, unregistered content items that receive the most “hits” by an audience, the amount of activity on each presentation channel and top search terms. We also offer a variety of additional specialized products to enhance our analysis services products.

 

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Open Architecture

 

We have built an open and comprehensive platform and provide support for major industry standard platforms, including both Java 2 Platform-Enterprise Edition (J2EE) and Microsoft .NET. Our applications support various combinations of operating systems, directory servers, Web servers, application servers and databases. We refer to this combination of operating systems, directory servers, Web servers, application servers and databases as our supported platform matrix. A representative, but not exhaustive, list of supported platforms includes Sun Solaris, IBM AIX and Microsoft Windows 2000 operating systems, IBM and SunOne Directory Servers, Microsoft and IBM Web servers, IBM WebSphere and BEA WebLogic application servers and Oracle, IBM DB2 and Microsoft SQLServer databases. Representative presentation layer support includes Vignette Application Portal’s own portal framework as well as JavaServer Pages (JSP), ActiveServer Pages (ASP) and XML with stylesheets. Our open architecture permits easy integration and use of third-party development environments, layout and design tools, authoring tools and systems management environments.

 

Services

 

We provide services to help define online business objectives and to develop and deliver content, portal, process, collaboration, integration and analysis applications. Our consulting, education and customer care services are based on best practices, methodologies and tools developed from experience. Our services are designed to reduce time to deployment, mitigate risk and achieve greater return on our customers’ software investment.

 

Vignette Professional Services (VPS) offers consulting and education services to help customers identify their strategic application objectives, design content, portal, process, collaboration, integration and analysis applications and deliver solutions using our products. Our services center on the Vignette Solution Methodology. This established framework allows customers and partners to leverage best practices to plan, build and maintain content, portal, process, collaboration, integration and analysis solutions. VPS provides services that are tailored to the individual customer through either “Velocity Services,” a set of packaged service offerings, or customized services. VPS also partners with consulting partners to provide best of class services needed to create Web applications designed to meet customers’ business objectives. We generally sell our services under time-and-materials agreements.

 

Our Customer Care, Maintenance and Support Services organizations are committed to our customers’ on-going business success. Customer Care services include a combination of account management and global technical support offerings that are tailored to meet customers’ specific needs. Vignette Global Support provides optional 24x7 access to skilled technical engineers and flexible, easy-to-use telephone and Web resources that can provide our customers with timely, effective assistance.

 

Strategy

 

Our objective is to maintain and extend our leadership position as a global provider of applications and products that enable organizations to harness the power of information and the Web to deliver measurable improvements in business efficiency. To achieve this objective, we will focus on expanding our customer base of global 2000 organizations both at the enterprise and departmental levels, extending our technology and product leadership through internal investment in research and development, expanding our global sales capabilities and extending our partnership alliances with leading technology and services companies.

 

Strategic Alliances

 

We establish strategic alliances to assist us in the marketing, selling, distribution, and development of customer Web applications for our mutual customers and prospects, as well as to increase product interoperability within the industry. This approach is intended to increase the number of qualified personnel available to perform application design and development services for our customers, and to provide additional marketing expertise, technical expertise, and increased channels of distribution in certain vertical industry segments. In addition, our renewed focus on vertical and horizontal solution offerings of Web

 

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services applications increases the importance of our relationships with technology partners, strategic consulting partners and other channels of distribution to the market.

 

We have established partnerships to offer solutions based on our technology offerings and have extended our sales and implementation services reach with leading systems integrators such as Accenture, Bearing Point, Deloitte Consulting, EDS and IBM Global Services. We have also established strategic alliances with technology leaders such as BEA Systems, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and Sun Microsystems.

 

We intend to invest in our existing partner relationships as well as to form new partnerships with other market-leading systems integrators, technology vendors and distribution channels.

 

Business Combinations

 

We have completed seven acquisitions since our inception. One acquisition occurred in March 2004 shortly before the release of this report; one occurred in December 2003; one occurred during 2002; three occurred during 2000; and one occurred during 1999. All acquisitions were accounted for as purchase business combinations and, therefore, the net assets acquired or net liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair value at the respective dates of acquisition and the results of operations have been included with ours for the periods subsequent to the respective acquisition dates. Following is a listing of our three most recent acquisitions:

 

Tower Technology Pty Limited. Effective March 1, 2004, we acquired Tower Technology Pty Limited, a leading provider of enterprise document and records management solutions. We paid approximately $125.0 million for Tower Technology, consisting of approximately $45.0 million in cash and 29.8 million shares of common stock for all of the issued and outstanding shares of Tower Technology.

 

Intraspect Software, Inc. Effective December 11, 2003, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of Intraspect Software, Inc., a leading provider of collaboration software, in exchange for $10.0 million in cash and approximately 4.2 million shares of stock. The total purchase price, including transaction costs of $0.5 million, was approximately $20.4 million.

 

Epicentric, Inc. Effective December 3, 2002, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of Epicentric, Inc., a leading provider of business portal solutions, in exchange for $26.0 million in cash. The total purchase price, including transaction costs of $3.1 million, was $29.1 million.

 

In connection with each of our acquisitions, we incurred one-time acquisition costs and integration-related charges. Such charges relate to product integration, cross-training of employees, and other merger-related items. For four acquisitions, a portion of the purchase price was allocated to in-process research and development and was expensed upon the consummation of the respective transaction. These related acquisition, integration and in-process research and development charges totaled approximately $4.3 million, $1.8 million, and $1.9 million during 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. The purchase price allocation process has not yet been completed for the Tower Technology acquisition just completed.

 

Customers

 

As of December 31, 2003, we had served over 1,600 end-user customers. Our customer list includes successful organizations in the entertainment, financial services, government, healthcare, high technology, higher education, life sciences, manufacturing, new media and publishing, retail, telecom and travel industries.

 

Competition

 

The market for our products is intensely competitive, subject to rapid technological change and significantly affected by new product introductions and other market activities of industry participants. We expect competition to persist and intensify in the future. We have three primary sources of competition: in-house development efforts by potential customers or partners; other vendors of software that directly address Web-based application solutions; and developers of point solution software that address only certain

 

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technology components of the solution set that we provide (e.g., content management, document and records management, portal management, process, collaboration, integration or analytics).

 

Many of our competitors have longer operating histories and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do and thus may be able to respond more quickly to new or changing opportunities, technologies and customer requirements. Also, many current and potential competitors have wider name recognition and more extensive customer bases that could be leveraged, thereby gaining market share to our detriment. Such competitors may be able to undertake more extensive promotional activities, adopt more aggressive pricing policies, and offer more attractive terms to purchasers than we can. In addition, current and potential competitors have established or may establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties to enhance their products. Accordingly, it is possible that new competitors or alliances among competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share.

 

Such competition could materially and adversely affect our ability to obtain revenues from either license or service fees from new or existing customers on terms favorable to us. Further, competitive pressures may require us to reduce the price of our software. In either case, our business, operating results and financial condition would be materially and adversely affected. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete successfully with existing or new competitors or that competition will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. See “Risk Factors that May Affect Future Results—Risks Related to Our Business—We Face Intense Competition from Other Software Companies, Which Could Make it Difficult to Compete Successfully.”

 

Research and Development

 

We have made substantial investments in research and development through both internal development and technology acquisitions. Although we plan to continue to evaluate externally developed technologies for integration into our product lines, we expect that most enhancements to existing and new products will be developed internally.

 

The majority of our research and development activity has been directed towards future extensions to our family of products. This development consists primarily of adding new competitive product features and additional tools and products.

 

Research and development expenditures, excluding acquired in-process research and development charges, for 2003, 2002 and 2001 were approximately $39.9 million, $51.3 million and $64.9 million respectively. We expect that we will continue to commit significant resources to research and development in the future. Most research and development costs have been expensed as incurred.

 

The market for our products and services is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions and enhancements, evolving industry standards, and rapidly changing customer requirements. The introduction of products incorporating new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards could render existing products obsolete and unmarketable. While we believe we invest more aggressively in research and development than many of our competitors, our spending has been reduced as part of overall expense management. These reductions may impair our ability to maintain technology leadership. Our future success will depend in part on our ability to anticipate changes, enhance our current products, develop and introduce new products that keep pace with technological advancements and address the increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers. See “Risk Factors that May Affect Future Results—Risks Related to Our Business—If We are Unable to Meet the Rapid Changes in Software Technology, Our Existing Products Could Become Obsolete.”

 

Sales and Marketing

 

We market our products primarily through our direct sales force; however, we intend to expand our indirect sales channel through additional relationships with systems integrators, value-added resellers and original equipment manufacturers. We generate leads from a variety of sources, including businesses seeking partners to develop Web-based applications. Initial sales activities typically include a demonstration

 

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of our product capabilities followed by one or more detailed technical reviews. As of December 31, 2003, the direct sales force consisted of 190 sales executives and related support personnel.

 

We will continue to establish partnerships with major industry vendors and strategically selected regional partners that will add value to our products and expand distribution opportunities.

 

We use a variety of marketing programs to build market awareness of our brand name, our products, and Vignette as well as to attract potential customers for our products. A broad mix of programs are used to accomplish these goals, including market research, product and strategy updates with industry analysts, public relations activities, advertising, direct marketing and relationship marketing programs, seminars, customer events, user group meetings, trade shows and speaking engagements. Our marketing organization also produces marketing materials in support of sales to prospective customers that include brochures, data sheets, white papers, presentations and demonstrations.

 

Proprietary Rights and Licensing

 

Our success and ability to compete is dependent on our ability to develop and maintain the proprietary aspects of our technology and operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of others. We rely on a combination of patent, trademark, trade secret and copyright laws and contractual restrictions to protect the proprietary aspects of our technology. These legal protections afford only limited protection for our technology. We presently own six patents and have a number of patent applications pending in the United States. We have thirteen registered trademarks in the United States, four pending trademark applications in the United States, 71 registered trademarks in foreign countries, and 4 pending trademark applications in foreign countries. We seek to protect our source code for our software, documentation and other written materials under trade secret and copyright laws. We license our software pursuant to signed license or “shrink-wrap” agreements, which impose certain restrictions on the licensee’s ability to utilize the software. Finally, we seek to avoid disclosure of our intellectual property by requiring employees and consultants with access to our proprietary information to execute confidentiality agreements with us and by restricting access to our source code. Due to rapid technological change, we believe that factors such as the technological and creative skills of our personnel, new product developments and enhancements to existing products are more important than the various legal protections of our technology to establishing and maintaining a technology leadership position.

 

Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. Policing unauthorized use of our products is difficult and while we are unable to determine the extent to which piracy of our software exists, software piracy can be expected to be a persistent problem. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. However, the laws of many countries do not protect our proprietary rights to as great an extent as do the laws of the United States. Any such resulting litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. There can be no assurance that our means of protecting our proprietary rights will be adequate or that our competitors will not independently develop similar technology. Any failure by us to meaningfully protect our property could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

To date, we have not been notified that our products infringe the proprietary rights of third parties, but there can be no assurance that third parties will not claim infringement with respect to our current or future products. We expect that developers of commercial software products will increasingly be subject to infringement claims as the number of products and competitors in our industry segment grows and as the functionality of products in different segments of the software industry increasingly overlaps. Any such claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming to defend, result in costly litigation, divert management’s attention and resources, cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements. Such royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. A successful claim of product infringement against us and our failure or inability to license the infringed technology or develop or license technology with comparable functionality could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. See “Risk Factors that May

 

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Affect Future Results—Risks Related to Our Business—Our Business is Based on Our Intellectual Property and We Could Incur Substantial Costs Defending Our Intellectual Property From Infringement or a Claim of Infringement.”

 

We include certain third-party software in our products. This third-party software may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms. We license data encryption and authentication technology from RSA Data Security, Inc., bridging solutions technology from Intrinsyc Software, Inc., browser-based Web editing software from Ektron, Inc., database access technology from Rogue Wave Software, Inc., chart and graphing software from Corda Technologies, concept and keyword search functionality from Autonomy, Inc. and Convera Technologies, Inc., application services from BEA Systems, Inc., and other software that is integrated with internally developed software. To the extent we could not maintain licenses to some or all of this third-party software, shipments of our products could be delayed until equivalent software could be developed or licensed and integrated into our products, which could materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2003, we had 805 employees, including 231 in research and development, 234 in sales and marketing, 243 in professional services and customer support, and 97 in finance and administration. Following the completion of integration activities related to the Tower Technology acquisition on March 1, 2004, we expect our total headcount to be approximately 950. Our future success will depend in part on our ability to attract, retain and motivate highly qualified technical and management personnel, for whom competition is intense. From time to time, we also employ independent contractors to support our professional services, product development, sales, marketing and finance organizations. We also outsource certain development, including product development and quality assurance. Our employees are not represented by any collective bargaining unit, and we have never experienced a work stoppage. We believe our relations with our employees are good.

 

RISK FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS

 

You should carefully consider the following risks before making an investment decision. The risks described below are not the only ones that we face. Our business, operating results or financial condition could be materially adversely affected by any of the following risks. The trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of these risks, and you as an investor may lose all or part of your investment. You should also refer to the other information set forth in this report, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes.

 

Risks Related to Our Business

 

We Expect to Incur Future Losses

 

We have not consistently achieved profitability and we expect to incur net operating losses in the coming quarter and potentially in future quarters. To date, we have primarily funded our operations from the sale of equity securities. We expect to continue to incur significant product development, sales and marketing, and administrative expenses and, as a result, we will need to generate significant revenues to maintain profitability. We cannot be certain that we will achieve sufficient revenues to maintain profitability. If we do return to profitability, we cannot be certain that we can sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future.

 

Our Limited Operating History Makes Financial Forecasting Difficult

 

We were founded in December 1995 and thus have a limited operating history. As a result of our limited operating history and the unpredictability of market demand since our inception, we cannot forecast revenue and operating expenses based on our historical results. Accordingly, we base our expenses in part on future revenue projections. Most of our expenses are fixed in the short term and we may not be able to quickly reduce spending if our revenues are lower than we had projected. Our ability to forecast accurately

 

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our quarterly revenue is limited because our software products have a long sales cycle that makes it difficult to predict the quarter in which sales will occur. We would expect our business, operating results and financial condition to be materially adversely affected if our revenues do not meet our projections and that net losses in a given quarter would be greater than expected.

 

Recent Acquisitions, Including Our Acquisitions of Epicentric, Inc., Intraspect Software, Inc. (“Intraspect”) and Tower Technology PTY Limited (“Tower Technology”), Could Be Difficult to Integrate, Disrupt Our Business, Dilute Stockholder Value and Adversely Affect Our Operating Results

 

We completed our acquisitions of Epicentric, Inc. in December 2002, Intraspect Software, Inc. in December 2003 and Tower Technology Pty Limited in March 2004. Failure to successfully address the risks associated with these acquisitions could harm our ability to fully integrate and market products based on the acquired technology. We may discover liabilities and risks associated with these acquisitions that were not discovered in our due diligence prior to signing the respective definitive merger agreements. Although, in each acquisition, a portion of the purchase price was placed in escrow to cover such liabilities, it is possible that the actual amounts required to cover such liabilities will exceed the escrow amount. Additionally, we may acquire other businesses in the future, which would complicate our management tasks. We may need to integrate widely dispersed operations that have different and unfamiliar corporate cultures. These integration efforts may not succeed or may distract management’s attention from existing business operations. Failure to successfully integrate acquisitions could seriously harm our business. Also, our existing stockholders would experience dilution if we financed subsequent acquisitions by issuing equity securities.

 

We Must Succeed in the Portal, Collaboration and Content Management Market as Well as the Enterprise Content Management and the Document and Records Management Markets if We Are to Realize the Expected Benefits of the Tower Technology and Intraspect Acquisitions

 

Our long-term strategic plan depends upon the successful development and introduction of products and solutions that address the needs of the portal, collaboration and content management market as well as the enterprise content management and the document and records management markets. For us to succeed in these markets, we must align strategies and objectives and focus a significant portion of our resources towards serving this market.

 

The challenges involved in this integration include the following:

 

  coordinating and integrating international and domestic operations;

 

  combining product offerings and product lines quickly and effectively;

 

  successfully managing difficulties associated with transitioning current customers to new product lines;

 

  demonstrating to our customers that the acquisition will not result in adverse changes in customer service standards or business focus;

 

  retaining key alliances; and

 

  persuading our employees that our business cultures are compatible.

 

In addition, our success in this new market will depend on several factors, many of which are outside our control including:

 

  continued growth of the portal, collaboration and content management market;

 

  continued growth of the enterprise content management and document and records management markets;

 

  deployment of the combined company’s products by enterprises; and

 

  emergence of substitute technologies and products.

 

If we are unable to succeed in this market, our business may be harmed and we may be prevented from realizing the anticipated benefits of the acquisition.

 

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We Must Overcome Significant Challenges in Integrating Businesses Operations and Product Offerings to Realize the Benefits of our Recent Acquisitions of Tower Technology and Intraspect

 

The Tower Technology and Intraspect acquisitions will not achieve their anticipated benefits unless we successfully combine and integrate business operations and products in a timely manner. Integrating will be a complex, time-consuming and expensive process and may result in revenue disruption and operational difficulties if not completed in a timely and efficient manner. Prior to the acquisitions, each company operated independently, each with its own business, business culture, markets, clients, employees and systems. Following the acquisitions, we must operate as a combined organization utilizing common information communication systems, operating procedures, financial controls and human resource practices, including benefits, training and professional development programs. There may be substantial difficulties, costs and delays involved in the integration. These difficulties, costs and delays may include:

 

  the potential difficulties of integrating international and domestic operations;

 

  the potential disruption of our ongoing business and diversion of management resources;

 

  the possibility that the business cultures will not be compatible;

 

  the difficulty of incorporating acquired technology and rights into our products and services;

 

  unanticipated expenses related to integration of operations;

 

  the impairment of relationships with employees and customers as a result of any integration of new personnel;

 

  potential unknown liabilities associated with the acquired business and technology;

 

  costs and delays in implementing common systems and procedures, including financial accounting systems and customer information systems; and

 

  potential inability to retain, integrate and motivate key management, marketing, technical sales and customer support personnel.

 

We may not succeed in addressing these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with the acquisition. If the benefits of the acquisition do not exceed the costs associated with the acquisition, including the dilution to our stockholders resulting from the issuance of shares in connection with the acquisition, our financial results could be harmed.

 

Delays in the Integration of Tower Technology and Intraspect’s Technology Could Result in the Loss of the Benefits of the Acquisitions

 

We operate in a highly competitive environment, characterized by rapid technological change and evolution of standards and frequent new product introductions. To obtain the full potential benefits of the acquisition, we must promptly integrate our business operations, technology and product offerings. We cannot assure you that we will be able to integrate their technology offerings and operations quickly and smoothly. We may be required to spend additional time or money on integration that would otherwise be spent on developing our business or on other matters. If we do not integrate our operations and technology smoothly or if management spends too much time on integration issues, it could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations and diminish the benefits of the acquisition as well as harm our content management business.

 

Both Vignette and Tower Technology Have Incurred Significant Costs Associated With the Acquisition

 

We estimate that we have incurred direct transaction costs of approximately $4 million associated with the acquisition, which will be included as a part of the total purchase cost for accounting purposes. In addition, Tower Technology has incurred direct transaction costs of approximately $2.5 million. We believe the combined entity may incur charges to operations, which are not currently reasonably estimable, in the quarter in which the acquisition was completed or the following quarters, to reflect costs associated with integrating the two companies. We expect to incur an in-process research and development charge in the quarter in which the acquisition was completed and we expect ongoing charges for amortization of intangibles, consisting primarily of purchased technology, acquired in the acquisition. There can be no assurance that the combined company will not incur additional material charges in subsequent quarters to reflect additional costs associated with the acquisition.

 

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The Market Price of Our Common Stock May Decline as a Result of the Tower Technology and Intraspect Acquisitions

 

The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of the acquisitions, based on the occurrence of a number of events, including:

 

  the failure to successfully integrate;

 

  delays or failure in the integration of technology;

 

  the belief that we have not realized the perceived benefits of the acquisitions in a timely manner or at all;

 

  the issuance of our shares to the Tower Technology and Intraspect stockholders; and

 

  the potential negative effect of the acquisitions on our operating results, including the impact of amortization of intangible assets, other than goodwill, created by the acquisitions.

 

There May Be Sales of Substantial Amounts of Our Common Stock After the Tower Technology Acquisition, Which Could Cause Our Stock Price to Fall

 

A substantial number of shares of our common stock may be sold into the public within a short period of time following the closing of the acquisition. As a result, our stock price could fall. Of the approximately 29,814,035 shares of our common stock issued in connection with the acquisition, approximately 11,925,000 shares will be immediately available for resale (after the applicable registration statement becomes effective) by the former shareholders of Tower Technology. Under the lock-up agreements, the remaining shares will be released and available for sale in the public market in varying amounts between the registration date and 360 days after the closing date of the acquisition. In comparison, the average daily trading volume of our common stock for the five-day period ending on February 10, 2004, was approximately 1,922,999 shares. A sale of a large number of newly-released shares of our common stock could therefore result in a sharp decline in our stock price. In addition, the sale of these shares could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional stock.

 

Our Business May Become Increasingly Susceptible to Numerous Risks Associated with International Operations

 

International operations are generally subject to a number of risks, including:

 

  expenses associated with customizing products for foreign countries;

 

  protectionist laws and business practices that favor local competition;

 

  changes in jurisdictional tax laws including laws regulating intercompany transactions;

 

  dependence on local vendors;

 

  multiple, conflicting and changing governmental laws and regulations;

 

  longer sales cycles;

 

  difficulties in collecting accounts receivable;

 

  foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; and

 

  political and economic instability.

 

We recorded 26% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2003 through licenses and services sold to customers located outside of the United States. We expect international revenue to remain a large percentage of total revenue and we believe that we must continue to expand our international sales activities to be successful. Our international sales growth will be limited if we are unable to establish appropriate foreign operations, expand international sales channel management and support organizations, hire additional personnel, customize products for local markets, develop relationships with international service providers and establish relationships with additional distributors and third-party integrators. In that case, our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. Even if we are able to successfully expand international operations, we cannot be certain that we will be able to maintain or increase international market demand for our products.

 

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